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Satarzadeh N, Shakibaie M, Forootanfar H, Amirheidari B. Purification, Characterization, and Assessment of Anticancer Activity of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Biosynthesized by Novel Thermophilic Bacillus tequilensis ASFS1. J Basic Microbiol 2024:e2400153. [PMID: 38922993 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202400153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), particularly iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs), are a fascinating group of nanoparticles that have been considerably investigated for biomedical applications because of their superparamagnetic properties, biodegradable nature, and biocompatibility. A novel Gram-positive moderately thermophilic bacterial strain, namely Bacillus tequilensis ASFS.1, was isolated and identified. This strain is capable of producing superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles and exhibiting magnetotaxis behavior. This strain swimming behavior was investigated under static and dynamic environments, where it behaved very much similar to the magnetotaxis in magnetotactic bacteria. This study is the first report of a bacterium from the Bacillaceae family that has the potential to intracellular biosynthesis of IONPs. MNPs were separated by a magnetic and reproducible method which was designed for the first time for this study. In addition, UV-visible spectrophotometer, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometer, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction, and thermal gravimetric analysis were utilized to characterize the bio-fabricated magnetite nanoparticles. Analysis of the particle size distribution pattern of the biogenic MNPs by FESEM imaging revealed the size range of 10-100 nm with the size range of 10-40 nm MNPs being the most frequent particles. VSM analysis demonstrated that biogenic MNPs displayed superparamagnetic properties with a high saturation magnetization value of 184 emu/g. After 24 h treatment of 3T3, U87, A549, MCF-7, and HT-29 cell lines with the biogenic MNPs, IC50 values were measured to be 339, 641, 582, 149, and 184 μg mL-1, respectively. This study presents the novel strain ASFS.1 capable of magnetotaxis by the aid of its magnetite nanoparticles and paving information on isolation, characterization, and in vitro cytotoxicity of its MNPs. The MNPs showed promising potential for biomedical applications, obviously subject to additional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naghmeh Satarzadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Shakibaie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Cosmetic Products Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hamid Forootanfar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Cosmetic Products Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Bagher Amirheidari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Extremophile and Productive Microorganisms Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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2
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Rezaei B, Harun A, Wu X, Iyer PR, Mostufa S, Ciannella S, Karampelas IH, Chalmers J, Srivastava I, Gómez-Pastora J, Wu K. Effect of Polymer and Cell Membrane Coatings on Theranostic Applications of Nanoparticles: A Review. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2401213. [PMID: 38856313 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202401213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
The recent decade has witnessed a remarkable surge in the field of nanoparticles, from their synthesis, characterization, and functionalization to diverse applications. At the nanoscale, these particles exhibit distinct physicochemical properties compared to their bulk counterparts, enabling a multitude of applications spanning energy, catalysis, environmental remediation, biomedicine, and beyond. This review focuses on specific nanoparticle categories, including magnetic, gold, silver, and quantum dots (QDs), as well as hybrid variants, specifically tailored for biomedical applications. A comprehensive review and comparison of prevalent chemical, physical, and biological synthesis methods are presented. To enhance biocompatibility and colloidal stability, and facilitate surface modification and cargo/agent loading, nanoparticle surfaces are coated with different synthetic polymers and very recently, cell membrane coatings. The utilization of polymer- or cell membrane-coated nanoparticles opens a wide variety of biomedical applications such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), hyperthermia, photothermia, sample enrichment, bioassays, drug delivery, etc. With this review, the goal is to provide a comprehensive toolbox of insights into polymer or cell membrane-coated nanoparticles and their biomedical applications, while also addressing the challenges involved in translating such nanoparticles from laboratory benchtops to in vitro and in vivo applications. Furthermore, perspectives on future trends and developments in this rapidly evolving domain are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Rezaei
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, United States
| | - Asma Harun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, United States
- Texas Center for Comparative Cancer Research (TC3R), Amarillo, Texas, 79106, United States
| | - Xian Wu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States
| | - Poornima Ramesh Iyer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States
| | - Shahriar Mostufa
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, United States
| | - Stefano Ciannella
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, United States
| | | | - Jeffrey Chalmers
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States
| | - Indrajit Srivastava
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, United States
- Texas Center for Comparative Cancer Research (TC3R), Amarillo, Texas, 79106, United States
| | - Jenifer Gómez-Pastora
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, United States
| | - Kai Wu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, United States
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Vieira GB, Howard E, Lankapalli P, Phillips I, Hoffmeister K, Holley J. Stray Magnetic Field Variations and Micromagnetic Simulations: Models for Ni 0.8Fe 0.2 Disks Used for Microparticle Trapping. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:567. [PMID: 38793140 PMCID: PMC11123457 DOI: 10.3390/mi15050567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Patterned micro-scale thin-film magnetic structures, in conjunction with weak (~few tens of Oe) applied magnetic fields, can create energy landscapes capable of trapping and transporting fluid-borne magnetic microparticles. These energy landscapes arise from magnetic field magnitude variations that arise in the vicinity of the magnetic structures. In this study, we examine means of calculating magnetic fields in the local vicinity of permalloy (Ni0.8Fe0.2) microdisks in weak (~tens of Oe) external magnetic fields. To do this, we employ micromagnetic simulations and the resulting calculations of fields. Because field calculation from micromagnetic simulations is computationally time-intensive, we discuss a method for fitting simulated results to improve calculation speed. Resulting stray fields vary dramatically based on variations in micromagnetic simulations-vortex vs. non-vortex micromagnetic results-which can each appear despite identical simulation final conditions, resulting in field strengths that differ by about a factor of two.
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Rezaei B, Yari P, Sanders SM, Wang H, Chugh VK, Liang S, Mostufa S, Xu K, Wang JP, Gómez-Pastora J, Wu K. Magnetic Nanoparticles: A Review on Synthesis, Characterization, Functionalization, and Biomedical Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2304848. [PMID: 37732364 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are applied in numerous fields, especially in biomedical applications. Since biofluidic samples and biological tissues are nonmagnetic, negligible background signals can interfere with the magnetic signals from MNPs in magnetic biosensing and imaging applications. In addition, the MNPs can be remotely controlled by magnetic fields, which make it possible for magnetic separation and targeted drug delivery. Furthermore, due to the unique dynamic magnetizations of MNPs when subjected to alternating magnetic fields, MNPs are also proposed as a key tool in cancer treatment, an example is magnetic hyperthermia therapy. Due to their distinct surface chemistry, good biocompatibility, and inducible magnetic moments, the material and morphological structure design of MNPs has attracted enormous interest from a variety of scientific domains. Herein, a thorough review of the chemical synthesis strategies of MNPs, the methodologies to modify the MNPs surface for better biocompatibility, the physicochemical characterization techniques for MNPs, as well as some representative applications of MNPs in disease diagnosis and treatment are provided. Further portions of the review go into the diagnostic and therapeutic uses of composite MNPs with core/shell structures as well as a deeper analysis of MNP properties to learn about potential biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Rezaei
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Parsa Yari
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Sean M Sanders
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Haotong Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Vinit Kumar Chugh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Lubbock, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Shuang Liang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Lubbock, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Shahriar Mostufa
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Kanglin Xu
- Department of Computer Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Jian-Ping Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Lubbock, MN, 55455, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Lubbock, MN, 55455, USA
| | | | - Kai Wu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
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Ryapolov P, Vasilyeva A, Kalyuzhnaya D, Churaev A, Sokolov E, Shel’deshova E. Magnetic Fluids: The Interaction between the Microstructure, Macroscopic Properties, and Dynamics under Different Combinations of External Influences. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:222. [PMID: 38276740 PMCID: PMC10819141 DOI: 10.3390/nano14020222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Magnetic fluids were historically the first active nano-dispersion material. Despite over half a century of research, interest in these nano-objects continues to grow every year. This is due to the impressive development of nanotechnology, the synthesis of nanoscale structures, and surface-active systems. The unique combination of fluidity and magnetic response allows magnetic fluids to be used in engineering devices and biomedical applications. In this review, experimental results and fundamental theoretical approaches are systematized to predict the micro- and macroscopic behavior of magnetic fluid systems under different external influences. The article serves as working material for both experienced scientists in the field of magnetic fluids and novice specialists who are just beginning to investigate this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Ryapolov
- Department of Nanotechnology, Microelectronics, General and Applied Physics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Southwest State University, 50 Let Oktyabrya Street, 94, 305040 Kursk, Russia; (A.V.); (D.K.); (A.C.); (E.S.); (E.S.)
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Dowling R, Narkowicz R, Lenz K, Oelschlägel A, Lindner J, Kostylev M. Resonance-Based Sensing of Magnetic Nanoparticles Using Microfluidic Devices with Ferromagnetic Antidot Nanostructures. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 14:19. [PMID: 38202474 PMCID: PMC10780436 DOI: 10.3390/nano14010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
We demonstrated resonance-based detection of magnetic nanoparticles employing novel designs based upon planar (on-chip) microresonators that may serve as alternatives to conventional magnetoresistive magnetic nanoparticle detectors. We detected 130 nm sized magnetic nanoparticle clusters immobilized on sensor surfaces after flowing through PDMS microfluidic channels molded using a 3D printed mold. Two detection schemes were investigated: (i) indirect detection incorporating ferromagnetic antidot nanostructures within microresonators, and (ii) direct detection of nanoparticles without an antidot lattice. Using scheme (i), magnetic nanoparticles noticeably downshifted the resonance fields of an antidot nanostructure by up to 207 G. In a similar antidot device in which nanoparticles were introduced via droplets rather than a microfluidic channel, the largest shift was only 44 G with a sensitivity of 7.57 G/ng. This indicated that introduction of the nanoparticles via microfluidics results in stronger responses from the ferromagnetic resonances. The results for both devices demonstrated that ferromagnetic antidot nanostructures incorporated within planar microresonators can detect nanoparticles captured from dispersions. Using detection scheme (ii), without the antidot array, we observed a strong resonance within the nanoparticles. The resonance's strength suggests that direct detection is more sensitive to magnetic nanoparticles than indirect detection using a nanostructure, in addition to being much simpler.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyne Dowling
- Department of Physics, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia;
| | - Ryszard Narkowicz
- Institute for Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany; (R.N.); (K.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Kilian Lenz
- Institute for Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany; (R.N.); (K.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Antje Oelschlägel
- Institute for Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany; (R.N.); (K.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Jürgen Lindner
- Institute for Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany; (R.N.); (K.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Mikhail Kostylev
- Department of Physics, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia;
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7
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Abuawad A, Ashhab Y, Offenhäusser A, Krause HJ. DNA Sensor for the Detection of Brucella spp. Based on Magnetic Nanoparticle Markers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17272. [PMID: 38139102 PMCID: PMC10744106 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the limitations of conventional Brucella detection methods, including safety concerns, long incubation times, and limited specificity, the development of a rapid, selective, and accurate technique for the early detection of Brucella in livestock animals is crucial to prevent the spread of the associated disease. In the present study, we introduce a magnetic nanoparticle marker-based biosensor using frequency mixing magnetic detection for point-of-care testing and quantification of Brucella DNA. Superparamagnetic nanoparticles were used as magnetically measured markers to selectively detect the target DNA hybridized with its complementary capture probes immobilized on a porous polyethylene filter. Experimental conditions like density and length of the probes, hybridization time and temperature, and magnetic binding specificity, sensitivity, and detection limit were investigated and optimized. Our sensor demonstrated a relatively fast detection time of approximately 10 min, with a detection limit of 55 copies (0.09 fM) when tested using DNA amplified from Brucella genetic material. In addition, the detection specificity was examined using gDNA from Brucella and other zoonotic bacteria that may coexist in the same niche, confirming the method's selectivity for Brucella DNA. Our proposed biosensor has the potential to be used for the early detection of Brucella bacteria in the field and can contribute to disease control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdalhalim Abuawad
- Institute of Biological Information Processing: Bioelectronics (IBI-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany; (A.A.)
- Faculty of Mathematics, Computer Science and Natural Sciences, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen University, 52062 Aachen, Germany
| | - Yaqoub Ashhab
- Palestine–Korea Biotechnology Center, Palestine Polytechnic University, Hebron P720, Palestine
| | - Andreas Offenhäusser
- Institute of Biological Information Processing: Bioelectronics (IBI-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany; (A.A.)
- Faculty of Mathematics, Computer Science and Natural Sciences, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen University, 52062 Aachen, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Krause
- Institute of Biological Information Processing: Bioelectronics (IBI-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany; (A.A.)
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Palacios-Alonso P, Sanz-de-Diego E, Peláez RP, Cortajarena AL, Teran FJ, Delgado-Buscalioni R. Predicting the size and morphology of nanoparticle clusters driven by biomolecular recognition. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:8929-8944. [PMID: 37530392 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00536d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticle aggregation is a driving principle of innovative materials and biosensing methodologies, improving transduction capabilities displayed by optical, electrical or magnetic measurements. This aggregation can be driven by the biomolecular recognition between target biomolecules (analytes) and receptors bound onto nanoparticle surface. Despite theoretical advances on modelling the entropic interaction in similar systems, predictions of the fractal morphologies of the nanoclusters of bioconjugated nanoparticles are lacking. The morphology of resulting nanoclusters is sensitive to the location, size, flexibility, average number of receptors per particle f̄, and the analyte-particle concentration ratio. Here we considered bioconjugated iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) where bonds are mediated by a divalent protein that binds two receptors attached onto different IONPs. We developed a protocol combining analytical expressions for receptors and linker distributions, and Brownian dynamics simulations for bond formation, and validated it against experiments. As more bonds become available (e.g., by adding analytes), the aggregation deviates from the ideal Bethe's lattice scenario due to multivalence, loop formation, and steric hindrance. Generalizing Bethe's lattice theory with a (not-integer) effective functionality feff leads to analytical expressions for the cluster size distributions in excellent agreement with simulations. At high analyte concentration steric impediment imposes an accessible limit value facc to feff, which is bounded by facc < feff < f̄. A transition to gel phase, is correctly captured by the derived theory. Our findings offer new insights into quantifying analyte amounts by assessing nanocluster size, and predicting nanoassembly morphologies accurately is a first step towards understanding variations of physical properties in clusters formed after biomolecular recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Palacios-Alonso
- iMdea Nanociencia, Campus Universitario de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center, IFIMAC, Spain
| | | | - Raúl P Peláez
- Dpto. Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - A L Cortajarena
- CIC biomaGUNE-BRTA, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - F J Teran
- iMdea Nanociencia, Campus Universitario de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Nanobiotecnología (iMdea-Nanociencia), Unidad Asociada al Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Delgado-Buscalioni
- Dpto. Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
- Condensed Matter Physics Center, IFIMAC, Spain
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Yari P, Liang S, Chugh VK, Rezaei B, Mostufa S, Krishna VD, Saha R, Cheeran MCJ, Wang JP, Gómez-Pastora J, Wu K. Nanomaterial-Based Biosensors for SARS-CoV-2 and Future Epidemics. Anal Chem 2023; 95:15419-15449. [PMID: 37826859 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Parsa Yari
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Shuang Liang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Vinit Kumar Chugh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Bahareh Rezaei
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Shahriar Mostufa
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Venkatramana Divana Krishna
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, United States
| | - Renata Saha
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Maxim C-J Cheeran
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, United States
| | - Jian-Ping Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Jenifer Gómez-Pastora
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Kai Wu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
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Mostufa S, Rezaei B, Yari P, Xu K, Gómez-Pastora J, Sun J, Shi Z, Wu K. Giant Magnetoresistance Based Biosensors for Cancer Screening and Detection. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:4042-4059. [PMID: 37725557 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Early-stage screening of cancer is critical in preventing its development and therefore can improve the prognosis of the disease. One accurate and effective method of cancer screening is using high sensitivity biosensors to detect optically, chemically, or magnetically labeled cancer biomarkers. Among a wide range of biosensors, giant magnetoresistance (GMR) based devices offer high sensitivity, low background noise, robustness, and low cost. With state-of-the-art micro- and nanofabrication techniques, tens to hundreds of independently working GMR biosensors can be integrated into fingernail-sized chips for the simultaneous detection of multiple cancer biomarkers (i.e., multiplexed assay). Meanwhile, the miniaturization of GMR chips makes them able to be integrated into point-of-care (POC) devices. In this review, we first introduce three types of GMR biosensors in terms of their structures and physics, followed by a discussion on fabrication techniques for those sensors. In order to achieve target cancer biomarker detection, the GMR biosensor surface needs to be subjected to biological decoration. Thus, commonly used methods for surface functionalization are also reviewed. The robustness of GMR-based biosensors in cancer detection has been demonstrated by multiple research groups worldwide and we review some representative examples. At the end of this review, the challenges and future development prospects of GMR biosensor platforms are commented on. With all their benefits and opportunities, it can be foreseen that GMR biosensor platforms will transition from a promising candidate to a robust product for cancer screening in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahriar Mostufa
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Bahareh Rezaei
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Parsa Yari
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Kanglin Xu
- Department of Computer Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Jenifer Gómez-Pastora
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Jiajia Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710049, China
| | - Zongqian Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710049, China
| | - Kai Wu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
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11
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Li Y, Chen J, Wei J, Liu X, Yu L, Yu L, Ding D, Yang Y. Metallic nanoplatforms for COVID-19 diagnostics: versatile applications in the pandemic and post-pandemic era. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:255. [PMID: 37542245 PMCID: PMC10403867 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01981-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic, which originated in Hubei, China, in December 2019, has had a profound impact on global public health. With the elucidation of the SARS-CoV-2 virus structure, genome type, and routes of infection, a variety of diagnostic methods have been developed for COVID-19 detection and surveillance. Although the pandemic has been declared over, we are still significantly affected by it in our daily lives in the post-pandemic era. Among the various diagnostic methods, nanomaterials, especially metallic nanomaterials, have shown great potential in the field of bioanalysis due to their unique physical and chemical properties. This review highlights the important role of metallic nanosensors in achieving accurate and efficient detection of COVID-19 during the pandemic outbreak and spread. The sensing mechanisms of each diagnostic device capable of analyzing a range of targets, including viral nucleic acids and various proteins, are described. Since SARS-CoV-2 is constantly mutating, strategies for dealing with new variants are also suggested. In addition, we discuss the analytical tools needed to detect SARS-CoV-2 variants in the current post-pandemic era, with a focus on achieving rapid and accurate detection. Finally, we address the challenges and future directions of metallic nanomaterial-based COVID-19 detection, which may inspire researchers to develop advanced biosensors for COVID-19 monitoring and rapid response to other virus-induced pandemics based on our current achievements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Li
- Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM), School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Mate-Rials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jingqi Chen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM), School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Jinchao Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Xueliang Liu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM), School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Lu Yu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM), School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Linqi Yu
- Department of Immunization Program, Jing'an District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200072, China.
| | - Ding Ding
- Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM), School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Yu Yang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM), School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.
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Samman N, El-Boubbou K, Al-Muhalhil K, Ali R, Alaskar A, Alharbi NK, Nehdi A. MICaFVi: A Novel Magnetic Immuno-Capture Flow Virometry Nano-Based Diagnostic Tool for Detection of Coronaviruses. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13050553. [PMID: 37232914 DOI: 10.3390/bios13050553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 has resulted in a pandemic that aggravated the world's healthcare systems, economies, and education, and caused millions of global deaths. Until now, there has been no specific, reliable, and effective treatment to combat the virus and its variants. The current standard tedious PCR-based tests have limitations in terms of sensitivity, specificity, turnaround time, and false negative results. Thus, an alternative, rapid, accurate, and sensitive diagnostic tool that can detect viral particles, without the need for amplification or viral replication, is central to infectious disease surveillance. Here, we report MICaFVi (Magnetic Immuno-Capture Flow Virometry), a novel precise nano-biosensor diagnostic assay for coronavirus detection which combines the MNP-based immuno-capture of viruses for enrichment followed by flow-virometry analysis, enabling the sensitive detection of viral particles and pseudoviruses. As proof of concept, virus-mimicking spike-protein-coated silica particles (VM-SPs) were captured using anti-spike-antibody-conjugated MNPs (AS-MNPs) followed by detection using flow cytometry. Our results showed that MICaFVi can successfully detect viral MERS-CoV/SARS-CoV-2-mimicking particles as well as MERS-CoV pseudoviral particles (MERSpp) with high specificity and sensitivity, where a limit of detection (LOD) of 3.9 µg/mL (20 pmol/mL) was achieved. The proposed method has great potential for designing practical, specific, and point-of-care testing for rapid and sensitive diagnoses of coronavirus and other infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nosaibah Samman
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms (MRCFP), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC) & King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kheireddine El-Boubbou
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC) & King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
- Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group (nanoBIG), Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Física de Materiales, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir 32038, Bahrain
| | - Khawlah Al-Muhalhil
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms (MRCFP), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC) & King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rizwan Ali
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms (MRCFP), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC) & King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alaskar
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms (MRCFP), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC) & King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Oncology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif Khalaf Alharbi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC) & King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atef Nehdi
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms (MRCFP), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC) & King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences of Gabes, University of Gabes, Gabes 6029, Tunisia
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de Olazarra AS, Wang SX. Advances in point-of-care genetic testing for personalized medicine applications. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2023; 17:031501. [PMID: 37159750 PMCID: PMC10163839 DOI: 10.1063/5.0143311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Breakthroughs within the fields of genomics and bioinformatics have enabled the identification of numerous genetic biomarkers that reflect an individual's disease susceptibility, disease progression, and therapy responsiveness. The personalized medicine paradigm capitalizes on these breakthroughs by utilizing an individual's genetic profile to guide treatment selection, dosing, and preventative care. However, integration of personalized medicine into routine clinical practice has been limited-in part-by a dearth of widely deployable, timely, and cost-effective genetic analysis tools. Fortunately, the last several decades have been characterized by tremendous progress with respect to the development of molecular point-of-care tests (POCTs). Advances in microfluidic technologies, accompanied by improvements and innovations in amplification methods, have opened new doors to health monitoring at the point-of-care. While many of these technologies were developed with rapid infectious disease diagnostics in mind, they are well-suited for deployment as genetic testing platforms for personalized medicine applications. In the coming years, we expect that these innovations in molecular POCT technology will play a critical role in enabling widespread adoption of personalized medicine methods. In this work, we review the current and emerging generations of point-of-care molecular testing platforms and assess their applicability toward accelerating the personalized medicine paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. S. de Olazarra
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - S. X. Wang
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed:
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14
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GhaderiShekhiAbadi P, Irani M, Noorisepehr M, Maleki A. Magnetic biosensors for identification of SARS-CoV-2, Influenza, HIV, and Ebola viruses: a review. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 34:272001. [PMID: 36996779 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/acc8da] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Infectious diseases such as novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), Influenza, HIV, Ebola, etc kill many people around the world every year (SARS-CoV-2 in 2019, Ebola in 2013, HIV in 1980, Influenza in 1918). For example, SARS-CoV-2 has plagued higher than 317 000 000 people around the world from December 2019 to January 13, 2022. Some infectious diseases do not yet have not a proper vaccine, drug, therapeutic, and/or detection method, which makes rapid identification and definitive treatments the main challenges. Different device techniques have been used to detect infectious diseases. However, in recent years, magnetic materials have emerged as active sensors/biosensors for detecting viral, bacterial, and plasmids agents. In this review, the recent applications of magnetic materials in biosensors for infectious viruses detection have been discussed. Also, this work addresses the future trends and perspectives of magnetic biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Irani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Noorisepehr
- Environmental Health Engineering Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Ali Maleki
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran
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15
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Bhattacharjee B, Ikbal AMA, Farooqui A, Sahu RK, Ruhi S, Syed A, Miatmoko A, Khan D, Khan J. Superior possibilities and upcoming horizons for nanoscience in COVID-19: noteworthy approach for effective diagnostics and management of SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. CHEMICKE ZVESTI 2023; 77:1-24. [PMID: 37362791 PMCID: PMC10072050 DOI: 10.1007/s11696-023-02795-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
The outbreak of COVID-19 has caused great havoc and affected many parts of the world. It has imposed a great challenge to the medical and health fraternity with its ability to continue mutating and increasing the transmission rate. Some challenges include the availability of current knowledge of active drugs against the virus, mode of delivery of the medicaments, its diagnosis, which are relatively limited and do not suffice for further prognosis. One recently developed drug delivery system called nanoparticles is currently being utilized in combating COVID-19. This article highlights the existing methods for diagnosis of COVID-19 such as computed tomography scan, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, nucleic acid sequencing, immunoassay, point-of-care test, detection from breath, nanotechnology-based bio-sensors, viral antigen detection, microfluidic device, magnetic nanosensor, magnetic resonance platform and internet-of-things biosensors. The latest detection strategy based on nanotechnology, biosensor, is said to produce satisfactory results in recognizing SARS-CoV-2 virus. It also highlights the successes in the research and development of COVID-19 treatments and vaccines that are already in use. In addition, there are a number of nanovaccines and nanomedicines currently in clinical trials that have the potential to target COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bedanta Bhattacharjee
- Girijananda Chowdhury Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Tezpur, Assam 784501 India
| | - Abu Md Ashif Ikbal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Assam University (A Central University), Silchar, 788011 India
| | - Atika Farooqui
- The Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Kanchan Bagh, Hyderabad, Telangana 500058 India
| | - Ram Kumar Sahu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University (A Central University), Chauras Campus, Tehri Garhwal, Uttarakhand 249161 India
| | - Sakina Ruhi
- Department of Biochemistry, IMS, Management and Science University, University Drive, Off Persiaran Olahraga, 40100 Shah Alam, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Ayesha Syed
- International Medical School, Management and Science University, University Drive, Off Persiaran Olahraga, 40100 Shah Alam, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Andang Miatmoko
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java 60115 Indonesia
| | - Danish Khan
- Panineeya Institute of Dental Science and Research Centre, Kalonji Narayana Rao University of Health Sciences, Warangal, Telangana 506007 India
| | - Jiyauddin Khan
- School of Pharmacy, Management and Science University, 40100 Shah Alam, Selangor Malaysia
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16
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Yang Y, Li Y. Perspective Chapter: Novel Diagnostics Methods for SARS-CoV-2. Infect Dis (Lond) 2023. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.105912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel coronavirus of zoonotic origin (SARS-CoV-2) has recently been recognized in patients with acute respiratory disease. COVID-19 causative agent is structurally and genetically similar to SARS and bat SARS-like coronaviruses. The drastic increase in the number of coronavirus and its genome sequence has given us an unprecedented opportunity to perform bioinformatics and genomics analysis on this class of viruses. Clinical tests such as PCR and ELISA for rapid detection of this virus are urgently needed for early identification of infected patients. However, these techniques are expensive and not readily available for point-of-care (POC) applications. Currently, lack of any rapid, available, and reliable POC detection method gives rise to the progression of COVID-19 as a horrible global problem. To solve the negative features of clinical investigation, we provide a brief introduction of the various novel diagnostics methods including SERS, SPR, electrochemical, magnetic detection of SARS-CoV-2. All sensing and biosensing methods based on nanotechnology developed for the determination of various classes of coronaviruses are useful to recognize the newly immerged coronavirus, i.e., SARS-CoV-2. Also, the introduction of sensing and biosensing methods sheds light on the way of designing a proper screening system.
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Markandan K, Tiong YW, Sankaran R, Subramanian S, Markandan UD, Chaudhary V, Numan A, Khalid M, Walvekar R. Emergence of infectious diseases and role of advanced nanomaterials in point-of-care diagnostics: a review. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2022:1-89. [PMID: 36243900 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2022.2127070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Infectious outbreaks are the foremost global public health concern, challenging the current healthcare system, which claims millions of lives annually. The most crucial way to control an infectious outbreak is by early detection through point-of-care (POC) diagnostics. POC diagnostics are highly advantageous owing to the prompt diagnosis, which is economical, simple and highly efficient with remote access capabilities. In particular, utilization of nanomaterials to architect POC devices has enabled highly integrated and portable (compact) devices with enhanced efficiency. As such, this review will detail the factors influencing the emergence of infectious diseases and methods for fast and accurate detection, thus elucidating the underlying factors of these infections. Furthermore, it comprehensively highlights the importance of different nanomaterials in POCs to detect nucleic acid, whole pathogens, proteins and antibody detection systems. Finally, we summarize findings reported on nanomaterials based on advanced POCs such as lab-on-chip, lab-on-disc-devices, point-of-action and hospital-on-chip. To this end, we discuss the challenges, potential solutions, prospects of integrating internet-of-things, artificial intelligence, 5G communications and data clouding to achieve intelligent POCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalaimani Markandan
- Temasek Laboratories, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Drive, Singapore
- Faculty of Engineering, Technology and Built Environment, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yong Wei Tiong
- NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Engineering Drive, Singapore
| | - Revathy Sankaran
- Graduate School, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sakthinathan Subramanian
- Department of Materials & Mineral Resources Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology (NTUT), Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Vishal Chaudhary
- Research Cell & Department of Physics, Bhagini Nivedita College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Arshid Numan
- Graphene & Advanced 2D Materials Research Group (GAMRG), School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- Sunway Materials Smart Science & Engineering (SMS2E) Research Cluster School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Khalid
- Graphene & Advanced 2D Materials Research Group (GAMRG), School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- Sunway Materials Smart Science & Engineering (SMS2E) Research Cluster School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rashmi Walvekar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia
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18
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Ma Y, Song M, Li L, Lao X, Wong M, Hao J. Advances in upconversion luminescence nanomaterial-based biosensor for virus diagnosis. EXPLORATION (BEIJING, CHINA) 2022; 2:20210216. [PMID: 36713024 PMCID: PMC9874449 DOI: 10.1002/exp.20210216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Various infectious viruses have been posing a major threat to global public health, especially SARS-CoV-2, which has already claimed more than six million lives up to now. Tremendous efforts have been made to develop effective techniques for rapid and reliable pathogen detection. The unique characteristics of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) pose numerous advantages when employed in biosensors, and they are a promising candidate for virus detection. Herein, this Review will discuss the recent advancement in the UCNP-based biosensors for virus and biomarkers detection. We summarize four basic principles that guide the design of UCNP-based biosensors, which are utilized with luminescent or electric responses as output signals. These strategies under fundamental mechanisms facilitate the enhancement of the sensitivity of UCNP-based biosensors. Moreover, a detailed discussion and benefits of applying UCNP in various virus bioassays will be presented. We will also address some obstacles in these detection techniques and suggest routes for progress in the field. These progressions will undoubtedly pose UCNP-based biosensors in a prominent position for providing a convenient, alternative approach to virus detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjin Ma
- Department of Applied PhysicsThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina
| | - Menglin Song
- Department of Applied PhysicsThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina
| | - Lihua Li
- Department of Applied PhysicsThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina
| | - Xinyue Lao
- Department of Applied PhysicsThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina
| | - Man‐Chung Wong
- Department of Applied PhysicsThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina
| | - Jianhua Hao
- Department of Applied PhysicsThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina
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19
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Soni I, Kumar P, Jayaprakash GK, Pandith A. A Short Review Comparing Carbon-Based Electrochemical Platforms With Other Materials For Biosensing SARS-Cov-2. ChemistrySelect 2022; 7:e202202465. [PMID: 36711230 PMCID: PMC9874754 DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Due to the 2019 SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, low-cost, fast, and user-friendly diagnostic kits for biosensing SARS-CoV-2 in real samples employing multiple working electrodes are in high demand. Choosing SARS-CoV-2 detecting electrodes is difficult because each has advantages and limitations. Carbon-based electrochemical sensing applications have attracted attention from the electrochemical sensing community because carbon and carbon-based materials have been a godsend for testing utilizing an electrochemical platform. Carbon working electrode electrochemical platforms are cost-effective and fast. Covid-sensors use carbon-based materials because they can be easily changed (with inorganic and organic functionalities), have quick response kinetics, and are chemically resistant. Covid-19 sensing materials include graphene and graphite. This review explains how carbon materials have been employed in N and S protein electrochemical detection. Here, we discussed a carbon-based technology for SARS-CoV-2 biosensing. We've compared carbon-based electrochemical sensing to different electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha Soni
- Laboratory of Quantum ElectrochemistrySchool of Advanced Chemical ScienceShoolini UniversitySolan, 173229Himachal PradeshIndia
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Laboratory of Quantum ElectrochemistrySchool of Advanced Chemical ScienceShoolini UniversitySolan, 173229Himachal PradeshIndia
| | - Gururaj Kudur Jayaprakash
- Laboratory of Quantum ElectrochemistrySchool of Advanced Chemical ScienceShoolini UniversitySolan, 173229Himachal PradeshIndia,Department of ChemistryNitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Bangalore, 560064KarnatakaIndia
| | - Anup Pandith
- College of Biomedical EngineeringTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei City11031Taiwan (R.O.C
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20
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Manzin A, Ferrero R, Vicentini M. Application of Magnonic Crystals in Magnetic Bead Detection. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3278. [PMID: 36234407 PMCID: PMC9565837 DOI: 10.3390/nano12193278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This paper aims at studying a sensor concept for possible integration in magnetic field-based lab-on-chip devices that exploit ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) phenomena in magnonic crystals. The focus is on 2D magnetic antidot arrays, i.e., magnetic thin films with periodic non-magnetic inclusions (holes), recently proposed as magnetic field sensor elements operating in the gigahertz (GHz) range. The sensing mechanism is here demonstrated for magnetic nano/microbeads adsorbed on the surface of permalloy (Ni80Fe20) antidot arrays with a rhomboid lattice structure and variable hole size. Through extensive micromagnetic modelling analysis, it is shown that the antidot arrays can be used as both bead traps and high-sensitivity detectors, with performance that can be tuned as a function of bead size and magnetic moment. A key parameter for the detection mechanism is the antidot array hole size, which affects the FMR frequency shifts associated with the interaction between the magnetization configuration in the nanostructured film and the bead stray field. Possible applications of the proposed device concept include magnetic immunoassays, using magnetic nano/microbeads as probes for biomarker detection, and biomaterial manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Manzin
- Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (INRIM), 10135 Torino, Italy
| | - Riccardo Ferrero
- Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (INRIM), 10135 Torino, Italy
| | - Marta Vicentini
- Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (INRIM), 10135 Torino, Italy
- Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
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21
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Magnetic Nanoparticles: Current Advances in Nanomedicine, Drug Delivery and MRI. CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemistry4030063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have evolved tremendously during recent years, in part due to the rapid expansion of nanotechnology and to their active magnetic core with a high surface-to-volume ratio, while their surface functionalization opened the door to a plethora of drug, gene and bioactive molecule immobilization. Taming the high reactivity of the magnetic core was achieved by various functionalization techniques, producing MNPs tailored for the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular or neurological disease, tumors and cancer. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) are established at the core of drug-delivery systems and could act as efficient agents for MFH (magnetic fluid hyperthermia). Depending on the functionalization molecule and intrinsic morphological features, MNPs now cover a broad scope which the current review aims to overview. Considering the exponential expansion of the field, the current review will be limited to roughly the past three years.
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22
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Alharbi NK, Samman N, Alhayli S, Alghoribi MF, Almasoud A, Nehdi A. Development and Evaluation of Enzyme-Linked Viral Immune Capture Assay for Detection of SARS-CoV-2. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:898726. [PMID: 36003542 PMCID: PMC9393230 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.898726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The pandemic of COVID-19 was caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in 2019 and it has prompted unprecedented research activities for vaccines, therapeutics, and diagnostics. The real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the gold standard method of diagnosis; however, immune-based assays offer cost-effective, deployable, easy-to-read solutions for diagnosis and surveillance. Here, we present the development, optimization, and testing of an enzyme-linked viral immune capture assay (ELVICA). It utilizes the spike antigen as the detected target of the virus and antibody-coated beads to capture the virus and enrich the detection. This method can be readout by luminescent and colorimetric equipment. It can also be visualized by the imaging system, offering a variety of detection approaches. ELVICA showed specificity to SARS-CoV-2-pseudotyped viruses as compared to MERS-CoV-pseudotyped viruses. As compared to RT-PCR, ELVICA showed high compatibility in detecting the virus in patient respiratory samples, especially for samples that are below a Ct value of 32 in RT-PCR. This assay is readily adaptable for detecting other pathogens and serves as a quick and affordable diagnostic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naif Khalaf Alharbi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Science (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nosaibah Samman
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Science (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sadeem Alhayli
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Science (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed F. Alghoribi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Science (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Almasoud
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Science (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atef Nehdi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Science (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences of Gabes, University of Gabes, Gabes, Tunisia
- *Correspondence: Atef Nehdi,
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23
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Forecasting the Post-Pandemic Effects of the SARS-CoV-2 Virus Using the Bullwhip Phenomenon Alongside Use of Nanosensors for Disease Containment and Cure. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15145078. [PMID: 35888544 PMCID: PMC9317545 DOI: 10.3390/ma15145078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has the tendency to affect various organizational paradigm alterations, which civilization hasyet to fully comprehend. Personal to professional, individual to corporate, and across most industries, the spectrum of transformations is vast. Economically, the globe has never been more intertwined, and it has never been subjected to such widespread disruption. While many people have felt and acknowledged the pandemic’s short-term repercussions, the resultant paradigm alterations will certainly have long-term consequences with an unknown range and severity. This review paper aims at acknowledging various approaches for the prevention, detection, and diagnosis of the SARS-CoV-2 virus using nanomaterials as a base material. A nanostructure is a material classification based on dimensionality, in proportion to the characteristic diameter and surface area. Nanoparticles, quantum dots, nanowires (NW), carbon nanotubes (CNT), thin films, and nanocomposites are some examples of various dimensions, each acting as a single unit, in terms of transport capacities. Top-down and bottom-up techniques are used to fabricate nanomaterials. The large surface-to-volume ratio of nanomaterials allows one to create extremely sensitive charge or field sensors (electrical sensors, chemical sensors, explosives detection, optical sensors, and gas sensing applications). Nanowires have potential applications in information and communication technologies, low-energy lightning, and medical sensors. Carbon nanotubes have the best environmental stability, electrical characteristics, and surface-to-volume ratio of any nanomaterial, making them ideal for bio-sensing applications. Traditional commercially available techniques have focused on clinical manifestations, as well as molecular and serological detection equipment that can identify the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Scientists are expressing a lot of interest in developing a portable and easy-to-use COVID-19 detection tool. Several unique methodologies and approaches are being investigated as feasible advanced systems capable of meeting the demands. This review article attempts to emphasize the pandemic’s aftereffects, utilising the notion of the bullwhip phenomenon’s short-term and long-term effects, and it specifies the use of nanomaterials and nanosensors for detection, prevention, diagnosis, and therapy in connection to the SARS-CoV-2.
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Abstract
The effect of the on-going COVID-19 pandemic on global healthcare systems has underlined the importance of timely and cost-effective point-of-care diagnosis of viruses. The need for ultrasensitive easy-to-use platforms has culminated in an increased interest for rapid response equipment-free alternatives to conventional diagnostic methods such as polymerase chain reaction, western-blot assay, etc. Furthermore, the poor stability and the bleaching behavior of several contemporary fluorescent reporters is a major obstacle in understanding the mechanism of viral infection thus retarding drug screening and development. Owing to their extraordinary surface-to-volume ratio as well as their quantum confinement and charge transfer properties, nanomaterials are desirable additives to sensing and imaging systems to amplify their signal response as well as temporal resolution. Their large surface area promotes biomolecular integration as well as efficacious signal transduction. Due to their hole mobility, photostability, resistance to photobleaching, and intense brightness, nanomaterials have a considerable edge over organic dyes for single virus tracking. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of combining carbon-allotrope, inorganic and organic-based nanomaterials with virus sensing and tracking methods, starting with the impact of human pathogenic viruses on the society. We address how different nanomaterials can be used in various virus sensing platforms (e.g. lab-on-a-chip, paper, and smartphone-based point-of-care systems) as well as in virus tracking applications. We discuss the enormous potential for the use of nanomaterials as simple, versatile, and affordable tools for detecting and tracing viruses infectious to humans, animals, plants as well as bacteria. We present latest examples in this direction by emphasizing major advantages and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muqsit Pirzada
- Technical University of Berlin, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Maths, Straße des 17. Juni 124, Berlin 10623, Germany. .,Institute of Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University, Kaiserstr 2, 24143 Kiel, Germany
| | - Zeynep Altintas
- Technical University of Berlin, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Maths, Straße des 17. Juni 124, Berlin 10623, Germany. .,Institute of Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University, Kaiserstr 2, 24143 Kiel, Germany
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Abid R, Shahzad MK, Sulaman SM, Faheem M, Naeem M, Khan R, Khalil AAK, Haider A, Ahmad B, Gul R, Bukhari N, Jamal SB. Therapeutic significance of nano- and biosensor technology in combating SARS-CoV-2: a review. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2022; 12:3127-3140. [PMID: 35677529 PMCID: PMC9162894 DOI: 10.1007/s13204-022-02465-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The diagnosis of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has gained the spotlight of the world's scientific community since December 2019 and it remains an important issue due to the emergence of novel variants around the globe. Early diagnosis of coronavirus is captious to prevent and hard to control. This pandemic can be eradicated by implementing suppressing strategies which can lead to better outcomes and more lives being saved. Therefore, the analysis showed that COVID-19 can only be managed by adopting public health measures, such as testing, isolation and social distancing. Much work has been done to diagnose coronavirus. Various testing technologies have been developed, opted and modified for rapid and accurate detection. The advanced molecular diagnosis relies on the detection of SARS-CoV-2 as it has been considered the main causative agent of this pandemic. Studies have shown that several molecular tests are considered essential for the confirmation of coronavirus infection. Various serology-based tests are also used in the detection and diagnosis of coronavirus including point-of-care assays and high-throughput enzyme immunoassays that aid in the diagnosis of COVID-19. Both these assays are time-consuming and have less diagnostic accuracy. Nanotechnology has the potential to develop new strategies to combat COVID-19 by developing diagnostics and therapeutics. In this review, we have focused on the nanotechnology-based detection techniques including nanoparticles and biosensors to obstruct the spread of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rameesha Abid
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Punjab Pakistan
| | | | | | - Muhammad Faheem
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naeem
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Raees Khan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Atif Ali Khan Khalil
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Haider
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Bilal Ahmad
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082 People’s Republic of China
| | - Rukhsana Gul
- Department of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, KPK Pakistan
| | - Nausheen Bukhari
- Mohammad College of Medicine, Budni Road, Yaseen Abad, Peshawar, KPK Pakistan
| | - Syed Babar Jamal
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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26
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Zhang X, Guo M, Huang Z, Huang Y, Wu C, Pan X. Mapping the intersection of nanotechnology and SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19: A bibliometric analysis. INFECTIOUS MEDICINE 2022; 1:103-112. [PMID: 38013718 PMCID: PMC9233748 DOI: 10.1016/j.imj.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has imposed great medical and economic burdens on human society, and nanotechnology is a promising technique for managing the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. To drive further studies on anti-COVID-19 nanotechnology, this paper provides an analysis, from a bibliometric perspective, of the intersection of nanotechnology and SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19. Methods We analyzed the 2585 publications on nanotechnology and SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 included in the Web of Science Core Collection from January 2019 to March 2022 to determine the bibliometric landscape. The basic bibliometric characteristics are summarized in this article. Results Our bibliometric analysis revealed that the intersection between nanotechnology and SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 is a cutting-edge field in the science community and that the related studies were multidisciplinary in nature. Studies on the structural basis of SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-2 detection assays, and mRNA vaccines against COVID-19 provided the development foundation for this field. Conclusions The current research focuses are the development of nanomaterial-based vaccines and SARS-CoV-2 detection methods, and the design of nanomedicines carrying SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors is a relatively burgeoning frontier. In summary, this bibliometric analysis of the intersection of nanotechnology and SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 highlights the current research focuses of this field to inspire future studies on anti-COVID-19 nanotechnologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejuan Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Mengqin Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhengwei Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ying Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chuanbin Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xin Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Ramesh AK, Chou YT, Lu MT, Singh P, Tseng YC. Biological sensing using anomalous hall effect devices. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:335502. [PMID: 35504249 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac6c32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This paper outlines an approach to biological sensing involving the use of spintronic devices to sense magnetic particles attached to biological carriers. We developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based Anomalous Hall Effect magnetic sensor via surface functionalization using Triethoxysilylundecanal (TESUD). The proposed sensor uses a CoFeB/MgO heterostructure with a perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. Through several sets of magnetic layer thickness, this work also explored the optimization process of ferromagnetic layer used. Our spintronics-based biosensor is compatible with semiconductor fabrication technology and can be effectively miniaturized to integrate with semiconductor chips, which has the advantage of reduced manufacturing cost and reduced power consumption. The proposed sensor provides real-time measurement results and it is competitive to conventional biological colorimetric measurement systems in terms of accuracy and immediacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhil K Ramesh
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 30010, Taiwan
- Centre for Applied Research in Electronics, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi 110016, India
| | - Yi-Ting Chou
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Ting Lu
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Pushparaj Singh
- Centre for Applied Research in Electronics, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi 110016, India
| | - Yuan-Chieh Tseng
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 30010, Taiwan
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Hamza ME, Othman MA, Swillam MA. Plasmonic Biosensors: Review. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:621. [PMID: 35625349 PMCID: PMC9138269 DOI: 10.3390/biology11050621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Biosensors have globally been considered as biomedical diagnostic tools required in abundant areas including the development of diseases, detection of viruses, diagnosing ecological pollution, food monitoring, and a wide range of other diagnostic and therapeutic biomedical research. Recently, the broadly emerging and promising technique of plasmonic resonance has proven to provide label-free and highly sensitive real-time analysis when used in biosensing applications. In this review, a thorough discussion regarding the most recent techniques used in the design, fabrication, and characterization of plasmonic biosensors is conducted in addition to a comparison between those techniques with regard to their advantages and possible drawbacks when applied in different fields.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mohamed A. Swillam
- Nanophotonics Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, The American University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt; (M.E.H.); (M.A.O.)
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Orlov AV, Malkerov JA, Novichikhin DO, Znoyko SL, Nikitin PI. Multiplex Label-Free Kinetic Characterization of Antibodies for Rapid Sensitive Cardiac Troponin I Detection Based on Functionalized Magnetic Nanotags. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094474. [PMID: 35562865 PMCID: PMC9102693 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Express and highly sensitive immunoassays for the quantitative registration of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) are in high demand for early point-of-care differential diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. The selection of antibodies that feature rapid and tight binding with antigens is crucial for immunoassay rate and sensitivity. A method is presented for the selection of the most promising clones for advanced immunoassays via simultaneous characterization of interaction kinetics of different monoclonal antibodies (mAb) using a direct label-free method of multiplex spectral correlation interferometry. mAb-cTnI interactions were real-time registered on an epoxy-modified microarray glass sensor chip that did not require activation. The covalent immobilization of mAb microdots on its surface provided versatility, convenience, and virtually unlimited multiplexing potential. The kinetics of tracer antibody interaction with the “cTnI—capture antibody” complex was characterized. Algorithms are shown for excluding mutual competition of the tracer/capture antibodies and selecting the optimal pairs for different assay formats. Using the selected mAbs, a lateral flow assay was developed for rapid quantitative cTnI determination based on electronic detection of functionalized magnetic nanoparticles applied as labels (detection limit—0.08 ng/mL, dynamic range > 3 orders). The method can be extended to other molecular biomarkers for high-throughput screening of mAbs and rational development of immunoassays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey V. Orlov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilov St, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (J.A.M.); (D.O.N.); (S.L.Z.)
- Correspondence: (A.V.O.); (P.I.N.)
| | - Juri A. Malkerov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilov St, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (J.A.M.); (D.O.N.); (S.L.Z.)
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 31 Kashirskoe Shosse, 115409 Moscow, Russia
| | - Denis O. Novichikhin
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilov St, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (J.A.M.); (D.O.N.); (S.L.Z.)
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 31 Kashirskoe Shosse, 115409 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey L. Znoyko
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilov St, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (J.A.M.); (D.O.N.); (S.L.Z.)
| | - Petr I. Nikitin
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilov St, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (J.A.M.); (D.O.N.); (S.L.Z.)
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 31 Kashirskoe Shosse, 115409 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: (A.V.O.); (P.I.N.)
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Socoliuc V, Avdeev MV, Kuncser V, Turcu R, Tombácz E, Vékás L. Ferrofluids and bio-ferrofluids: looking back and stepping forward. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:4786-4886. [PMID: 35297919 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr05841j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ferrofluids investigated along for about five decades are ultrastable colloidal suspensions of magnetic nanoparticles, which manifest simultaneously fluid and magnetic properties. Their magnetically controllable and tunable feature proved to be from the beginning an extremely fertile ground for a wide range of engineering applications. More recently, biocompatible ferrofluids attracted huge interest and produced a considerable increase of the applicative potential in nanomedicine, biotechnology and environmental protection. This paper offers a brief overview of the most relevant early results and a comprehensive description of recent achievements in ferrofluid synthesis, advanced characterization, as well as the governing equations of ferrohydrodynamics, the most important interfacial phenomena and the flow properties. Finally, it provides an overview of recent advances in tunable and adaptive multifunctional materials derived from ferrofluids and a detailed presentation of the recent progress of applications in the field of sensors and actuators, ferrofluid-driven assembly and manipulation, droplet technology, including droplet generation and control, mechanical actuation, liquid computing and robotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Socoliuc
- Romanian Academy - Timisoara Branch, Center for Fundamental and Advanced Technical Research, Laboratory of Magnetic Fluids, Mihai Viteazu Ave. 24, 300223 Timisoara, Romania.
| | - M V Avdeev
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Joliot-Curie Str. 6, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Reg., Russia.
| | - V Kuncser
- National Institute of Materials Physics, Bucharest-Magurele, 077125, Romania
| | - Rodica Turcu
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies (INCDTIM), Donat Str. 67-103, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Etelka Tombácz
- University of Szeged, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, Moszkvai krt. 5-7, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary.
- University of Pannonia - Soós Ernő Water Technology Research and Development Center, H-8800 Zrínyi M. str. 18, Nagykanizsa, Hungary
| | - L Vékás
- Romanian Academy - Timisoara Branch, Center for Fundamental and Advanced Technical Research, Laboratory of Magnetic Fluids, Mihai Viteazu Ave. 24, 300223 Timisoara, Romania.
- Politehnica University of Timisoara, Research Center for Complex Fluids Systems Engineering, Mihai Viteazul Ave. 1, 300222 Timisoara, Romania
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Banga I, Paul A, France K, Micklich B, Cardwell B, Micklich C, Prasad S. E.Co.Tech-electrochemical handheld breathalyzer COVID sensing technology. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4370. [PMID: 35288614 PMCID: PMC8919908 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08321-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breathomics is widely emerging as a strategy for non-invasive diagnosis of respiratory inflammation. In this study, we have evaluated the metabolic signals associated with Coronavirus (SARS COV-2), mainly the release of nitric oxide in breath. We have demonstrated the utility of a breath analyzer-based sensor platform for the detection of trace amounts of this target species. The sensor surface is modified with Room Temperature Ionic Liquid (RTIL) that allows faster diffusion of the target gas and can be used for gas sensing application. A low limit of detection (LOD) of 50 parts per billion has been achieved with a 95% confidence interval for detection of nitric oxide.. This inhouse designed sensor is incorporated into a breath analyzer system that displays enhanced sensitivity, specificity, linearity, and reproducibility for NO gas monitoring. The developed sensor platform can detect target concentrations of NO ranging from 50 to 250 ppb, using 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate ([EMIM]BF4) as RTIL and displays fast response time of 5 s, thereby allowing easy detection of the target gas species. The sensor successfully quantifies the diffusion current and charge modulations arising within the electrical double layer from the RTIL–NO interactions through DC-based chronoamperometry (CA). The subjects tested negative and positive are significantly different (p < 0.01). The prototype can potentially be used for human health monitoring and screening, especially during the pandemic due to its portability, small size, an embedded RTIL sensing element, integrability with a low-power microelectronic device, and an IoT interface.
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Sur UK, Santra C. Spectroscopy: a versatile sensing tool for cost-effective and rapid detection of novel coronavirus (COVID-19). EMERGENT MATERIALS 2022; 5:249-260. [PMID: 35252760 PMCID: PMC8883019 DOI: 10.1007/s42247-022-00358-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The deadly novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is responsible for COVID-19, which was first recognized in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Rapid identification at primary stage of the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, is important to restrict it and prevent the pandemic. Real-time RT-PCR assays are the best diagnostic tests presently available for SARS-CoV-2 detection, which are highly sensitive, even though expensive equipment and trained technicians are necessary. Furthermore, the method has moderately long time bound. This deadly viral infection can also be detected by applying various spectroscopic techniques as spectroscopy can provide fast, precise identification and monitoring, leading to the overall understanding of its mutation rates, which will further facilitate antiviral drug development as well as vaccine development. It is an innovative and non-invasive technique for combating the spread of novel coronavirus. This review article demonstrates the application of various spectroscopic techniques to detect COVID-19 rapidly. Different spectroscopy-based detection protocols and additional development of new, novel sensors and biosensors along with diagnostic kits had been described here stressing the status of sensitive diagnostic systems to handle with the COVID-19 outbreak. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT Spectroscopy: A versatile sensing tool for cost-effective and rapid detection of novel Coronavirus (COVID-19).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ujjal Kumar Sur
- Department of Chemistry, Behala College, University of Calcutta, Parnashree, Kolkata, 700060 West Bengal India
| | - Chittaranjan Santra
- Department of Chemistry (Ex), Netaji Nagar Day College, Kolkata, 700092 India
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Souri M, Chiani M, Farhangi A, Mehrabi MR, Nourouzian D, Raahemifar K, Soltani M. Anti-COVID-19 Nanomaterials: Directions to Improve Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:783. [PMID: 35269270 PMCID: PMC8912597 DOI: 10.3390/nano12050783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Following the announcement of the outbreak of COVID-19 by the World Health Organization, unprecedented efforts were made by researchers around the world to combat the disease. So far, various methods have been developed to combat this "virus" nano enemy, in close collaboration with the clinical and scientific communities. Nanotechnology based on modifiable engineering materials and useful physicochemical properties has demonstrated several methods in the fight against SARS-CoV-2. Here, based on what has been clarified so far from the life cycle of SARS-CoV-2, through an interdisciplinary perspective based on computational science, engineering, pharmacology, medicine, biology, and virology, the role of nano-tools in the trio of prevention, diagnosis, and treatment is highlighted. The special properties of different nanomaterials have led to their widespread use in the development of personal protective equipment, anti-viral nano-coats, and disinfectants in the fight against SARS-CoV-2 out-body. The development of nano-based vaccines acts as a strong shield in-body. In addition, fast detection with high efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 by nanomaterial-based point-of-care devices is another nanotechnology capability. Finally, nanotechnology can play an effective role as an agents carrier, such as agents for blocking angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors, gene editing agents, and therapeutic agents. As a general conclusion, it can be said that nanoparticles can be widely used in disinfection applications outside in vivo. However, in in vivo applications, although it has provided promising results, it still needs to be evaluated for possible unintended immunotoxicity. Reviews like these can be important documents for future unwanted pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Souri
- Department of NanoBiotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran; (M.S.); (M.C.); (A.F.)
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 19967-15433, Iran
| | - Mohsen Chiani
- Department of NanoBiotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran; (M.S.); (M.C.); (A.F.)
| | - Ali Farhangi
- Department of NanoBiotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran; (M.S.); (M.C.); (A.F.)
| | - Mohammad Reza Mehrabi
- Department of NanoBiotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran; (M.S.); (M.C.); (A.F.)
| | - Dariush Nourouzian
- Department of NanoBiotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran; (M.S.); (M.C.); (A.F.)
| | - Kaamran Raahemifar
- Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Program, College of Information Sciences and Technology (IST), Penn State University, State College, PA 16801, USA;
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, Faculty of Science, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - M. Soltani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 19967-15433, Iran
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- Centre for Biotechnology and Bioengineering (CBB), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- Advanced Bioengineering Initiative Center, Multidisciplinary International Complex, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 14176-14411, Iran
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Zhao J, Zhao F, Li H, Xiong Y, Cai S, Wang C, Chen Y, Han N, Yang R. Magnet-assisted electrochemical immunosensor based on surface-clean Pd-Au nanosheets for sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Electrochim Acta 2022; 404:139766. [PMID: 34961798 PMCID: PMC8696018 DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.139766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Tracking and monitoring of low concentrations of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can effectively control asymptomatic transmission of current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the early stages of infection. Here, we highlight an electrochemical immunosensor for sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 antigen marker spike protein. The surface-clean Pd-Au nanosheets as a substrate for efficient sensing and signal output have been synthesized. The morphology, chemical states and excellent stable electrochemical properties of this surface-clean heterostructures have been studied. Functionalized superparamagnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were introduced as sample separators and signal amplifiers. This biosensor was tested in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and nasopharyngeal samples. The results showed that the sensor has a wide linear dynamic range (0.01 ng mL−1 to 1000 ng mL−1) with a low detection limit (0.0072 ng mL−1), which achieved stable and sensitive detection of the spike protein. Therefore, this immunosensing method provides a promising electrochemical measurement tool, which can furnish ideas for early screening and the reasonable optimization of detection methods of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.11 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao, Beijing 100190, China.,Sino-Danish College, Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fu Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.11 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Haolin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.11 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao, Beijing 100190, China.,Sino-Danish College, Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Youlin Xiong
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.11 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shuangfei Cai
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.11 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chen Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.11 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yunfa Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Han
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.11 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao, Beijing 100190, China.,Sino-Danish College, Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Jang AS, Praveen Kumar PP, Lim DK. Attomolar Sensitive Magnetic Microparticles and a Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering-Based Assay for Detecting SARS-CoV-2 Nucleic Acid Targets. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:138-149. [PMID: 34914369 PMCID: PMC8691452 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c17028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Highly sensitive, reliable assays with strong multiplexing capability for detecting nucleic acid targets are significantly important for diagnosing various diseases, particularly severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The nanomaterial-based assay platforms suffer from several critical issues such as non-specific binding and highly false-positive results. In this paper, to overcome such limitations, we reported sensitive and remarkably reproducible magnetic microparticles (MMPs) and a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based assay using stable silver nanoparticle clusters for detecting viral nucleic acids. The MMP-SERS-based assay exhibited a sensitivity of 1.0 fM, which is superior to the MMP-fluorescence-based assay. In addition, in the presence of anisotropic Ag nanostructures (nanostars and triangular nanoplates), the assay exhibited greatly enhanced sensitivity (10 aM) and excellent signal reproducibility. This assay platform intrinsically eliminated the non-specific binding that occurs in the target detection step, and the controlled formation of stable silver nanoparticle clusters in solution enabled the remarkable reproducibility of the results. These findings indicate that this assay can be employed for future practical bioanalytical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ah Seong Jang
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and
Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul
02841, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Dong-Kwon Lim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and
Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul
02841, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrative Energy Engineering, College
of Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu,
Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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Yu Y, Ding J, Zhou Y, Xiao H, Wu G. Biosafety chemistry and biosafety materials: a new perspective to solve biosafety problems. BIOSAFETY AND HEALTH 2022; 4:15-22. [PMID: 35013725 PMCID: PMC8730778 DOI: 10.1016/j.bsheal.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) has rapidly swept around the globe since its first emergence near 2020. However, people have failed to fully understand its origin or mutation. Defined as an international biosafety incident, COVID-19 has again encouraged worldwide attention to reconsider the importance of biosafety due to the adverse impact on personal well-being and social stability. Most countries have already taken measures to advocate progress in biosafety-relevant research, aiming to prevent and solve biosafety problems with more advanced techniques and products. Herein, we propose a new concept of biosafety chemistry and reiterate the notion of biosafety materials, which refer to the interdisciplinary integration of biosafety and chemistry or materials. Here, we attempt to illustrate the exquisite association that chemistry and material science possess with biosafety fields and we hope to provide a pragmatic perspective on approaches to utilize the knowledge of these two subjects to handle specific biosafety issues such as detection and disinfection of pathogenic microorganisms, personal and collective protective equipment, vaccine adjuvants and specific drugs, preservation of biogenetic resources for human, animals, and plants. In addition, we hope to convey and promote the idea of multidisciplinary cooperation to strengthen biosafety research and development of relevant products for establishing possibly specific majors to defend national security in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jianxun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Eco-materials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.,Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yunhao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Haihua Xiao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guizhen Wu
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, Beijing 102206, China
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Mall A, Das TR, Bhattacharjee P, Pal S, Sharma S, Shukla SK, Patra S. Role of nanotechnology for coronavirus detection. SENSING TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES FOR COVID-19 2022. [PMCID: PMC9335014 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-90280-9.00005-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the worst pandemic faced by the mankind in current millennium. It is due to the highly contagious severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This was detected for the first time in December 2019 with rapid human-to-human transmission. The global pandemic has spread out across 213 countries by affecting millions including 52.7 lakh death. Currently, there are no clinically proven therapeutic methods that clearly inhibit the effects of this virus. Nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely used in many medical applications, such as biosensing, drug delivery, imaging, and antimicrobial treatment. Looking the rapid, cost effective and accurate sensing of the virus, the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology is working actively. By following the colorimetric method and surface plasmon spectroscopy, several nanoparticles are used in quantifying and detecting the COVID-19. This chapter contains the rapid analysis and quantification of COVID-19 by the arrangements of several nanoparticles including gold nanoparticles, iron oxide nanoparticles, etc.
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Akhtarian S, Miri S, Doostmohammadi A, Brar SK, Rezai P. Nanopore sensors for viral particle quantification: current progress and future prospects. Bioengineered 2021; 12:9189-9215. [PMID: 34709987 PMCID: PMC8810133 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1995991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid, inexpensive, and laboratory-free diagnostic of viral pathogens is highly critical in controlling viral pandemics. In recent years, nanopore-based sensors have been employed to detect, identify, and classify virus particles. By tracing ionic current containing target molecules across nano-scale pores, nanopore sensors can recognize the target molecules at the single-molecule level. In the case of viruses, they enable discrimination of individual viruses and obtaining important information on the physical and chemical properties of viral particles. Despite classical benchtop virus detection methods, such as amplification techniques (e.g., PCR) or immunological assays (e.g., ELISA), that are mainly laboratory-based, expensive and time-consuming, nanopore-based sensing methods can enable low-cost and real-time point-of-care (PoC) and point-of-need (PoN) monitoring of target viruses. This review discusses the limitations of classical virus detection methods in PoN virus monitoring and then provides a comprehensive overview of nanopore sensing technology and its emerging applications in quantifying virus particles and classifying virus sub-types. Afterward, it discusses the recent progress in the field of nanopore sensing, including integrating nanopore sensors with microfabrication technology, microfluidics and artificial intelligence, which have been demonstrated to be promising in developing the next generation of low-cost and portable biosensors for the sensitive recognition of viruses and emerging pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Akhtarian
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Saba Miri
- Department of Civil Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ali Doostmohammadi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Pouya Rezai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Nguyen MD, Tran HV, Xu S, Lee TR. Fe3O4 Nanoparticles: Structures, Synthesis, Magnetic Properties, Surface Functionalization, and Emerging Applications. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021; 11. [PMID: 35844268 PMCID: PMC9285867 DOI: 10.3390/app112311301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (NPs) are attractive nanomaterials in the field of material science, chemistry, and physics because of their valuable properties, such as soft ferromagnetism, half-metallicity, and biocompatibility. Various structures of Fe3O4 NPs with different sizes, geometries, and nanoarchitectures have been synthesized, and the related properties have been studied with targets in multiple fields of applications, including biomedical devices, electronic devices, environmental solutions, and energy applications. Tailoring the sizes, geometries, magnetic properties, and functionalities is an important task that determines the performance of Fe3O4 NPs in many applications. Therefore, this review focuses on the crucial aspects of Fe3O4 NPs, including structures, synthesis, magnetic properties, and strategies for functionalization, which jointly determine the application performance of various Fe3O4 NP-based systems. We first summarize the recent advances in the synthesis of magnetite NPs with different sizes, morphologies, and magnetic properties. We also highlight the importance of synthetic factors in controlling the structures and properties of NPs, such as the uniformity of sizes, morphology, surfaces, and magnetic properties. Moreover, emerging applications using Fe3O4 NPs and their functionalized nanostructures are also highlighted with a focus on applications in biomedical technologies, biosensing, environmental remedies for water treatment, and energy storage and conversion devices.
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Pradhan A, Lahare P, Sinha P, Singh N, Gupta B, Kuca K, Ghosh KK, Krejcar O. Biosensors as Nano-Analytical Tools for COVID-19 Detection. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:7823. [PMID: 34883826 PMCID: PMC8659776 DOI: 10.3390/s21237823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Selective, sensitive and affordable techniques to detect disease and underlying health issues have been developed recently. Biosensors as nanoanalytical tools have taken a front seat in this context. Nanotechnology-enabled progress in the health sector has aided in disease and pandemic management at a very early stage efficiently. This report reflects the state-of-the-art of nanobiosensor-based virus detection technology in terms of their detection methods, targets, limits of detection, range, sensitivity, assay time, etc. The article effectively summarizes the challenges with traditional technologies and newly emerging biosensors, including the nanotechnology-based detection kit for COVID-19; optically enhanced technology; and electrochemical, smart and wearable enabled nanobiosensors. The less explored but crucial piezoelectric nanobiosensor and the reverse transcription-loop mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP)-based biosensor are also discussed here. The article could be of significance to researchers and doctors dedicated to developing potent, versatile biosensors for the rapid identification of COVID-19. This kind of report is needed for selecting suitable treatments and to avert epidemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anchal Pradhan
- Center for Basic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, India; (A.P.); (P.L.); (P.S.); (K.K.G.)
| | - Preeti Lahare
- Center for Basic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, India; (A.P.); (P.L.); (P.S.); (K.K.G.)
| | - Priyank Sinha
- Center for Basic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, India; (A.P.); (P.L.); (P.S.); (K.K.G.)
| | - Namrata Singh
- Ramrao Adik Institute of Technology, DY Patil University, Nerul, Navi Mumbai 400706, India
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Bhanushree Gupta
- Center for Basic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, India; (A.P.); (P.L.); (P.S.); (K.K.G.)
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital, Sokolska 581, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kallol K. Ghosh
- Center for Basic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, India; (A.P.); (P.L.); (P.S.); (K.K.G.)
- School of Studies in Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, India
| | - Ondrej Krejcar
- Center for Basic and Applied Research, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
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Kamat S, Kumari M, Jayabaskaran C. Nano-engineered tools in the diagnosis, therapeutics, prevention, and mitigation of SARS-CoV-2. J Control Release 2021; 338:813-836. [PMID: 34478750 PMCID: PMC8406542 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The recent outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 has forever altered mankind resulting in the COVID-19 pandemic. This respiratory virus further manifests into vital organ damage, resulting in severe post COVID-19 complications. Nanotechnology has been moonlighting in the scientific community to combat several severe diseases. This review highlights the triune of the nano-toolbox in the areas of diagnostics, therapeutics, prevention, and mitigation of SARS-CoV-2. Nanogold test kits have already been on the frontline of rapid detection. Breath tests, magnetic nanoparticle-based nucleic acid detectors, and the use of Raman Spectroscopy present myriads of possibilities in developing point of care biosensors, which will ensure sensitive, affordable, and accessiblemass surveillance. Most of the therapeutics are trying to focus on blocking the viral entry into the cell and fighting with cytokine storm, using nano-enabled drug delivery platforms. Nanobodies and mRNA nanotechnology with lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) as vaccines against S and N protein have regained importance. All the vaccines coming with promising phase 3 clinical trials have used nano-delivery systems for delivery of vaccine-cargo, which are currently administered widely in many countries. The use of chemically diverse metal, carbon and polymeric nanoparticles, nanocages and nanobubbles demonstrate opportunities to develop anti-viral nanomedicine. In order to prevent and mitigate the viral spread, high-performance charged nanofiber filters, spray coating of nanomaterials on surfaces, novel materials for PPE kits and facemasks have been developed that accomplish over 90% capture of airborne SARS-CoV-2. Nano polymer-based disinfectants are being tested to make smart-transport for human activities. Despite the promises of this toolbox, challenges in terms of reproducibility, specificity, efficacy and emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants are yet to overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siya Kamat
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560012, India
| | - Madhuree Kumari
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560012, India.
| | - C Jayabaskaran
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560012, India
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Abstract
Magnetoresistance (MR) is the variation of a material’s resistivity under the presence of external magnetic fields. Reading heads in hard disk drives (HDDs) are the most common applications of MR sensors. Since the discovery of giant magnetoresistance (GMR) in the 1980s and the application of GMR reading heads in the 1990s, the MR sensors lead to the rapid developments of the HDDs’ storage capacity. Nowadays, MR sensors are employed in magnetic storage, position sensing, current sensing, non-destructive monitoring, and biomedical sensing systems. MR sensors are used to transfer the variation of the target magnetic fields to other signals such as resistance change. This review illustrates the progress of developing nanoconstructed MR materials/structures. Meanwhile, it offers an overview of current trends regarding the applications of MR sensors. In addition, the challenges in designing/developing MR sensors with enhanced performance and cost-efficiency are discussed in this review.
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Djaileb A, Hojjat Jodaylami M, Coutu J, Ricard P, Lamarre M, Rochet L, Cellier-Goetghebeur S, Macaulay D, Charron B, Lavallée É, Thibault V, Stevenson K, Forest S, Live LS, Abonnenc N, Guedon A, Quessy P, Lemay JF, Farnós O, Kamen A, Stuible M, Gervais C, Durocher Y, Cholette F, Mesa C, Kim J, Cayer MP, de Grandmont MJ, Brouard D, Trottier S, Boudreau D, Pelletier JN, Masson JF. Cross-validation of ELISA and a portable surface plasmon resonance instrument for IgG antibody serology with SARS-CoV-2 positive individuals. Analyst 2021; 146:4905-4917. [PMID: 34250530 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00893e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We report on the development of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors and matching ELISAs for the detection of nucleocapsid and spike antibodies specific against the novel coronavirus 2019 (SARS-CoV-2) in human serum, plasma and dried blood spots (DBS). When exposed to SARS-CoV-2 or a vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, the immune system responds by expressing antibodies at levels that can be detected and monitored to identify the fraction of the population potentially immunized against SARS-CoV-2 and support efforts to deploy a vaccine strategically. A SPR sensor coated with a peptide monolayer and functionalized with various sources of SARS-CoV-2 recombinant proteins expressed in different cell lines detected human anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in clinical samples. Nucleocapsid expressed in different cell lines did not significantly change the sensitivity of the assays, whereas the use of a CHO cell line to express spike ectodomain led to excellent performance. This bioassay was performed on a portable SPR instrument capable of measuring 4 biological samples within 30 minutes of sample/sensor contact and the chip could be regenerated at least 9 times. Multi-site validation was then performed with in-house and commercial ELISA, which revealed excellent cross-correlations with Pearson's coefficients exceeding 0.85 in all cases, for measurements in DBS and plasma. This strategy paves the way to point-of-care and rapid testing for antibodies in the context of viral infection and vaccine efficacy monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhadi Djaileb
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and PROTEO, The Québec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering and Applications, Université de Montréal, CP 6128 Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada. and Affinité Instruments, 1250 rue Guy, Suite 600, Montréal, Québec H3H 2L3, Canada
| | - Maryam Hojjat Jodaylami
- Department of Chemistry, Quebec Centre for Advanced Materials (QCAM), Regroupement Québécois sur les Matériaux de Pointe (RQMP), and Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche sur le cerveau et l'apprentissage (CIRCA), Université de Montréal, CP 6128 Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Julien Coutu
- Department of Chemistry, Quebec Centre for Advanced Materials (QCAM), Regroupement Québécois sur les Matériaux de Pointe (RQMP), and Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche sur le cerveau et l'apprentissage (CIRCA), Université de Montréal, CP 6128 Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Pierre Ricard
- Department of Chemistry, Quebec Centre for Advanced Materials (QCAM), Regroupement Québécois sur les Matériaux de Pointe (RQMP), and Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche sur le cerveau et l'apprentissage (CIRCA), Université de Montréal, CP 6128 Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Mathieu Lamarre
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Optics, Photonics and Lasers (COPL), Université Laval, 1045, av. de la Médecine, Québec City, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Léa Rochet
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and PROTEO, The Québec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering and Applications, Université de Montréal, CP 6128 Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Stella Cellier-Goetghebeur
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and PROTEO, The Québec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering and Applications, Université de Montréal, CP 6128 Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Devin Macaulay
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Optics, Photonics and Lasers (COPL), Université Laval, 1045, av. de la Médecine, Québec City, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Benjamin Charron
- Department of Chemistry, Quebec Centre for Advanced Materials (QCAM), Regroupement Québécois sur les Matériaux de Pointe (RQMP), and Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche sur le cerveau et l'apprentissage (CIRCA), Université de Montréal, CP 6128 Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Étienne Lavallée
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and PROTEO, The Québec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering and Applications, Université de Montréal, CP 6128 Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Vincent Thibault
- Department of Chemistry, Quebec Centre for Advanced Materials (QCAM), Regroupement Québécois sur les Matériaux de Pointe (RQMP), and Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche sur le cerveau et l'apprentissage (CIRCA), Université de Montréal, CP 6128 Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Keisean Stevenson
- Department of Chemistry, Quebec Centre for Advanced Materials (QCAM), Regroupement Québécois sur les Matériaux de Pointe (RQMP), and Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche sur le cerveau et l'apprentissage (CIRCA), Université de Montréal, CP 6128 Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Simon Forest
- Department of Chemistry, Quebec Centre for Advanced Materials (QCAM), Regroupement Québécois sur les Matériaux de Pointe (RQMP), and Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche sur le cerveau et l'apprentissage (CIRCA), Université de Montréal, CP 6128 Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Ludovic S Live
- Affinité Instruments, 1250 rue Guy, Suite 600, Montréal, Québec H3H 2L3, Canada
| | - Nanouk Abonnenc
- CNETE and PROTEO, The Québec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering and Applications, Cégep de Shawinigan, 2263 Avenue du Collège, Shawinigan, Québec G9N 6 V8, Canada
| | - Anthony Guedon
- CNETE and PROTEO, The Québec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering and Applications, Cégep de Shawinigan, 2263 Avenue du Collège, Shawinigan, Québec G9N 6 V8, Canada
| | - Patrik Quessy
- CNETE and PROTEO, The Québec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering and Applications, Cégep de Shawinigan, 2263 Avenue du Collège, Shawinigan, Québec G9N 6 V8, Canada
| | - Jean-François Lemay
- CNETE and PROTEO, The Québec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering and Applications, Cégep de Shawinigan, 2263 Avenue du Collège, Shawinigan, Québec G9N 6 V8, Canada
| | - Omar Farnós
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University McConnell Engineering Building, 3480 University Street, Montreal, Québec H3A 0E9, Canada
| | - Amine Kamen
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University McConnell Engineering Building, 3480 University Street, Montreal, Québec H3A 0E9, Canada
| | - Matthew Stuible
- Mammalian Cell Expression, Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Christian Gervais
- Mammalian Cell Expression, Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Yves Durocher
- Mammalian Cell Expression, Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - François Cholette
- National Laboratory for HIV Reference Services, National Microbiology Laboratory at the JC Wilt Infectious Diseases Research Centre, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Canada and Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Christine Mesa
- National Laboratory for HIV Reference Services, National Microbiology Laboratory at the JC Wilt Infectious Diseases Research Centre, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - John Kim
- National Laboratory for HIV Reference Services, National Microbiology Laboratory at the JC Wilt Infectious Diseases Research Centre, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Marie-Pierre Cayer
- Héma-Québec, Affaires médicales et innovation, 1070, avenue des Sciences-de-la-Vie, Québec City, G1V 5C3, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-Joëlle de Grandmont
- Héma-Québec, Affaires médicales et innovation, 1070, avenue des Sciences-de-la-Vie, Québec City, G1V 5C3, Québec, Canada
| | - Danny Brouard
- Héma-Québec, Affaires médicales et innovation, 1070, avenue des Sciences-de-la-Vie, Québec City, G1V 5C3, Québec, Canada
| | - Sylvie Trottier
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec and Département de microbiologie-infectiologie et d'immunologie, Université Laval 2705, boulevard Laurier, Québec City, Québec, Canada G1V 4G2
| | - Denis Boudreau
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Optics, Photonics and Lasers (COPL), Université Laval, 1045, av. de la Médecine, Québec City, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Joelle N Pelletier
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and PROTEO, The Québec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering and Applications, Université de Montréal, CP 6128 Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Jean-Francois Masson
- Department of Chemistry, Quebec Centre for Advanced Materials (QCAM), Regroupement Québécois sur les Matériaux de Pointe (RQMP), and Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche sur le cerveau et l'apprentissage (CIRCA), Université de Montréal, CP 6128 Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada.
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Mahajan R, Suriyanarayanan S, Nicholls IA. Improved Solvothermal Synthesis of γ-Fe 2O 3 Magnetic Nanoparticles for SiO 2 Coating. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1889. [PMID: 34443719 PMCID: PMC8398533 DOI: 10.3390/nano11081889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Monodisperse magnetic γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles (MNPs) were prepared by a simple, improved, one-pot solvothermal synthesis using SDS and PEG 6000 as double capping reagents. This double protecting layer afforded better MNP uniformity (Z average 257 ± 11.12 nm, PDI = 0.18) and colloidal stability. Materials were characterized by DLS, SEM, TEM, XPS, and XRD. The use of these MNPs in the synthesis of core-shell structures with uniform and tunable silica coatings was demonstrated, as silica coated MNPs are important for use in a range of applications, including magnetic separation and catalysis and as platforms for templated nanogel synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Mahajan
- Linnaeus University Centre for Biomaterials Chemistry, Bioorganic and Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Linnaeus University, SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden;
| | - Subramanian Suriyanarayanan
- Linnaeus University Centre for Biomaterials Chemistry, Bioorganic and Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Linnaeus University, SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden;
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Filik H, Avan AA. Nanotechnology-based Colorimetric Approaches for Pathogenic Virus Sensing: A review. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:2691-2718. [PMID: 34269661 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210714154051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Fast and inexpensive virus identification protocols are paramount to hinder the further extent of pandemic diseases, minimize economic and social damages, and expedite proper clinical rehabilitation. Until now, various biosensors have been fabricated for the identification of pathogenic particles. But, they offer many difficulties. Nanotechnology resolves these difficulties and offers direct identification of pathogenic species in real-time. Among them, nanomaterial based-colorimetric sensing approach of pathogenic viruses by the naked eye has attracted much awareness because of their simplicity, speed, and low cost. In this review, the latest tendencies and advancements are overviewed in detecting pathogenic viruses using colorimetric concepts. We focus on and reconsider the use of distinctive nanomaterials such as metal nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide, and conducting polymer to form colorimetric pathogenic virus sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayati Filik
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemistry, 34320 Avcılar, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Asiye Aslıhan Avan
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemistry, 34320 Avcılar, Istanbul, Turkey
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Zhao Z, Huang C, Huang Z, Lin F, He Q, Tao D, Jaffrezic-Renault N, Guo Z. Advancements in electrochemical biosensing for respiratory virus detection: A review. Trends Analyt Chem 2021; 139:116253. [PMID: 33727755 PMCID: PMC7952277 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory viruses are real menace for human health which result in devastating epidemic disease. Consequently, it is in urgent need of identifying and quantifying virus with a rapid, sensitive and precise approach. The study of electrochemical biosensors for respiratory virus detection has become one of the most rapidly developing scientific fields. Recent developments in electrochemical biosensors concerning respiratory virus detection are comprehensively reviewed in this paper. This review is structured along common detecting objects of respiratory viruses, electrochemical biosensors, electrochemical biosensors for respiratory virus detection and future challenges. The electrochemical biosensors for respiratory virus detection are introduced, including nucleic acids-based, immunosensors and other affinity biosensors. Lastly, for Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) diagnosis, the future challenges regarding developing electrochemical biosensor-based Point-of-Care Tests (POCTs) are summarized. This review is expected to provide a helpful guide for the researchers entering this interdisciplinary field and developing more novel electrochemical biosensors for respiratory virus detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zhao
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Changfu Huang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Ziyu Huang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Fengjuan Lin
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Qinlin He
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Dan Tao
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Nicole Jaffrezic-Renault
- University of Lyon, Institute of Analytical Sciences, UMR-CNRS 5280, 5, La Doua Street, Villeurbanne 69100, France
| | - Zhenzhong Guo
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
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Engelmann UM, Shalaby A, Shasha C, Krishnan KM, Krause HJ. Comparative Modeling of Frequency Mixing Measurements of Magnetic Nanoparticles Using Micromagnetic Simulations and Langevin Theory. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1257. [PMID: 34064640 PMCID: PMC8151130 DOI: 10.3390/nano11051257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Dual frequency magnetic excitation of magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) enables enhanced biosensing applications. This was studied from an experimental and theoretical perspective: nonlinear sum-frequency components of MNP exposed to dual-frequency magnetic excitation were measured as a function of static magnetic offset field. The Langevin model in thermodynamic equilibrium was fitted to the experimental data to derive parameters of the lognormal core size distribution. These parameters were subsequently used as inputs for micromagnetic Monte-Carlo (MC)-simulations. From the hysteresis loops obtained from MC-simulations, sum-frequency components were numerically demodulated and compared with both experiment and Langevin model predictions. From the latter, we derived that approximately 90% of the frequency mixing magnetic response signal is generated by the largest 10% of MNP. We therefore suggest that small particles do not contribute to the frequency mixing signal, which is supported by MC-simulation results. Both theoretical approaches describe the experimental signal shapes well, but with notable differences between experiment and micromagnetic simulations. These deviations could result from Brownian relaxations which are, albeit experimentally inhibited, included in MC-simulation, or (yet unconsidered) cluster-effects of MNP, or inaccurately derived input for MC-simulations, because the largest particles dominate the experimental signal but concurrently do not fulfill the precondition of thermodynamic equilibrium required by Langevin theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich M. Engelmann
- Department of Medical Engineering and Applied Mathematics, FH Aachen University of Applied Sciences, 52428 Jülich, Germany;
| | - Ahmed Shalaby
- Department of Medical Engineering and Applied Mathematics, FH Aachen University of Applied Sciences, 52428 Jülich, Germany;
| | - Carolyn Shasha
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; (C.S.); (K.M.K.)
| | - Kannan M. Krishnan
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; (C.S.); (K.M.K.)
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Hans-Joachim Krause
- Department of Medical Engineering and Applied Mathematics, FH Aachen University of Applied Sciences, 52428 Jülich, Germany;
- Institute of Biological Information Processing—Bioelectronics (IBI-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
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48
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Giovannini G, Haick H, Garoli D. Detecting COVID-19 from Breath: A Game Changer for a Big Challenge. ACS Sens 2021; 6:1408-1417. [PMID: 33825440 PMCID: PMC8043202 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c00312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is probably the most commonly heard word of the last 12 months. The outbreak of this virus (SARS-CoV-2) is strongly compromising worldwide healthcare systems, social behavior, and everyone's lives. The early diagnosis of COVID-19 and isolation of positive cases has proven to be fundamental in containing the spread of the infection. Even though the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based methods remain the gold standard for SARS-CoV-2 detection, the urgent demand for rapid and wide-scale diagnosis precipitated the development of alternative diagnostic approaches. The millions of tests performed every day worldwide are still insufficient to achieve the desired goal, that of screening the population during daily life. Probably the most appealing approach to consistently monitor COVID-19 spread is the direct detection of SARS-CoV-2 from exhaled breath. For instance, the challenging incorporation of reliable, highly sensitive, and cost-efficient detection methods in masks could represent a breakthrough in the development of portable and noninvasive point-of-care diagnosis for COVID-19. In this perspective paper, we discuss the critical technical aspects related to the application of breath analysis in the diagnosis of viral infection. We believe that, if achieved, it could represent a game-changer in containing the pandemic spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Giovannini
- Empa,
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Hossam Haick
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering
& The Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute (RBNI) Technion
− Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000003, Israel
| | - Denis Garoli
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, I-16163, Genova, Italy
- Faculty
of Science and Technology, Free University
of Bozen, Piazza Università
5, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
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49
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Derakhshan MA, Amani A, Faridi-Majidi R. State-of-the-Art of Nanodiagnostics and Nanotherapeutics against SARS-CoV-2. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:14816-14843. [PMID: 33779135 PMCID: PMC8028022 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c22381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The pandemic outbreak of SARS-CoV-2, with millions of infected patients worldwide, has severely challenged all aspects of public health. In this regard, early and rapid detection of infected cases and providing effective therapeutics against the virus are in urgent demand. Along with conventional clinical protocols, nanomaterial-based diagnostics and therapeutics hold a great potential against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Indeed, nanoparticles with their outstanding characteristics would render additional advantages to the current approaches for rapid and accurate diagnosis and also developing prophylactic vaccines or antiviral therapeutics. In this review, besides presenting an overview of the coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2, we discuss the introduced nanomaterial-based detection assays and devices and also antiviral formulations and vaccines for coronaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Derakhshan
- Department
of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and
Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical
Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Nanomedicine
and Nanobiology Research Center, Shiraz
University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz Iran
| | - Amir Amani
- Natural
Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Reza Faridi-Majidi
- Department
of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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