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Liu H, Zhang T, Wu P, Lee HW, Liu Z, Tang TW, Tang SY, Kang T, Park JH, Wang J, Zhang K, Zheng X, Peng YR, Chueh YL, Liu Y, Palacios T, Kong J, Luo Z. Boosting Monolayer Transition Metal Dichalcogenides Growth by Hydrogen-Free Ramping during Chemical Vapor Deposition. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:8277-8286. [PMID: 38949123 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c01314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
The controlled vapor-phase synthesis of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) is essential for functional applications. While chemical vapor deposition (CVD) techniques have been successful for transition metal sulfides, extending these methods to selenides and tellurides often faces challenges due to uncertain roles of hydrogen (H2) in their synthesis. Using CVD growth of MoSe2 as an example, this study illustrates the role of a H2-free environment during temperature ramping in suppressing the reduction of MoO3, which promotes effective vaporization and selenization of the Mo precursor to form MoSe2 monolayers with excellent crystal quality. As-synthesized MoSe2 monolayer-based field-effect transistors show excellent carrier mobility of up to 20.9 cm2/(V·s) with an on-off ratio of 7 × 107. This approach can be extended to other TMDs, such as WSe2, MoTe2, and MoSe2/WSe2 in-plane heterostructures. Our work provides a rational and facile approach to reproducibly synthesize high-quality TMD monolayers, facilitating their translation from laboratory to manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, William Mong Institute of Nano Science and Technology and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Hae Won Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Zhenjing Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, William Mong Institute of Nano Science and Technology and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Tsz Wing Tang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, William Mong Institute of Nano Science and Technology and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Shin-Yi Tang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ting Kang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, William Mong Institute of Nano Science and Technology and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Ji-Hoon Park
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, William Mong Institute of Nano Science and Technology and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Kenan Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, William Mong Institute of Nano Science and Technology and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Xudong Zheng
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yu-Ren Peng
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Lun Chueh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Tomás Palacios
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jing Kong
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Zhengtang Luo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, William Mong Institute of Nano Science and Technology and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
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2
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Gao B, Wang W, Meng Y, Du C, Long Y, Zhang Y, Shao H, Lai Z, Wang W, Xie P, Yip S, Zhong X, Ho JC. Electrical Polarity Modulation in V-Doped Monolayer WS 2 for Homogeneous CMOS Inverters. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2402217. [PMID: 38924273 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202402217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
As demand for higher integration density and smaller devices grows, silicon-based complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) devices will soon reach their ultimate limits. 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) semiconductors, known for excellent electrical performance and stable atomic structure, are seen as promising materials for future integrated circuits. However, controlled and reliable doping of 2D TMDs, a key step for creating homogeneous CMOS logic components, remains a challenge. In this study, a continuous electrical polarity modulation of monolayer WS2 from intrinsic n-type to ambipolar, then to p-type, and ultimately to a quasi-metallic state is achieved simply by introducing controllable amounts of vanadium (V) atoms into the WS2 lattice as p-type dopants during chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The achievement of purely p-type field-effect transistors (FETs) is particularly noteworthy based on the 4.7 at% V-doped monolayer WS2, demonstrating a remarkable on/off current ratio of 105. Expanding on this triumph, the first initial prototype of ultrathin homogeneous CMOS inverters based on monolayer WS2 is being constructed. These outcomes validate the feasibility of constructing homogeneous CMOS devices through the atomic doping process of 2D materials, marking a significant milestone for the future development of integrated circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boxiang Gao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Weijun Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - You Meng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Congcong Du
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
- Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, Quanzhou, 362801, China
| | - Yunchen Long
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - He Shao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Zhengxun Lai
- College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Pengshan Xie
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - SenPo Yip
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 816-8580, Japan
| | - Xiaoyan Zhong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
- City University of Hong Kong Matter Science Research Institute (Futian, Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518048, China
- Nanomanufacturing Laboratory (NML), City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Johnny C Ho
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 816-8580, Japan
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
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Altvater M, Muratore C, Snure M, Glavin NR. Two-Step Conversion of Metal and Metal Oxide Precursor Films to 2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenides and Heterostructures. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2400463. [PMID: 38733217 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
The widely studied class of two-dimensional (2D) materials known as transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are now well-poised to be employed in real-world applications ranging from electronic logic and memory devices to gas and biological sensors. Several scalable thin film synthesis techniques have demonstrated nanoscale control of TMD material thickness, morphology, structure, and chemistry and correlated these properties with high-performing, application-specific device metrics. In this review, the particularly versatile two-step conversion (2SC) method of TMD film synthesis is highlighted. The 2SC technique relies on deposition of a solid metal or metal oxide precursor material, followed by a reaction with a chalcogen vapor at an elevated temperature, converting the precursor film to a crystalline TMD. Herein, the variables at each step of the 2SC process including the impact of the precursor film material and deposition technique, the influence of gas composition and temperature during conversion, as well as other factors controlling high-quality 2D TMD synthesis are considered. The specific advantages of the 2SC approach including deposition on diverse substrates, low-temperature processing, orientation control, and heterostructure synthesis, among others, are featured. Finally, emergent opportunities that take advantage of the 2SC approach are discussed to include next-generation electronics, sensing, and optoelectronic devices, as well as catalysis for energy-related applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Altvater
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, WPAFB, OH, 45433, USA
- UES Inc., Dayton, OH, 45432, USA
| | - Christopher Muratore
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Dayton, Dayton, 45469, OH, USA
| | - Michael Snure
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Sensors Directorate, WPAFB, OH, 45433, USA
| | - Nicholas R Glavin
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, WPAFB, OH, 45433, USA
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4
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Xu D, Jian P, Liu W, Tan S, Yang Y, Peng M, Dai J, Chen C, Wu F. Vanadium Metal Doping of Monolayer MoS 2 for p-Type Transistors and Fast-Speed Phototransistors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38657168 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c03154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Modulating the electrical properties of two-dimensional (2D) materials is a fundamental prerequisite for their development to advanced electronic and optoelectronic devices. Substitutional doping has been demonstrated as an effective method for tuning the band structure in monolayer 2D materials. Here, we demonstrate a facile selective-area growth of vanadium-doped molybdenum disulfide (V-doped MoS2) flakes via pre-patterned vanadium-metal-assisted chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Optical microscopy characterization revealed the presence of flake arrays. Transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were employed to identify the chemical composition and crystalline structure of as-grown flakes. Electrical measurements indicated a light p-type conduction behavior in monolayer V-doped MoS2. Furthermore, the response time of phototransistors based on V-doped MoS2 monolayers exhibited a remarkable capability of 3 ms, representing approximately 3 orders of magnitude faster response than that observed in pure MoS2 phototransistors. This work hereby provides a feasible approach to doping of 2D materials, promising a scalable pathway for the integration of these materials into emerging electronic and optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Xu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengcheng Jian
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijie Liu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Shizhou Tan
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiming Yang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Peng
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangnan Dai
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Changqing Chen
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Wu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, People's Republic of China
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5
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Gontijo RN, Bunker N, Graiser SL, Ding X, Smeu M, Elías AL. Resonant Raman Scattering Study of Strain and Defects in Chemical Vapor Deposition Grown MoS 2 Monolayers. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2310685. [PMID: 38558523 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The development of bottom-up synthesis routes for semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and the assessment of their defects are of paramount importance to achieve their applications. TMD monolayers grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) can be subjected to significant strain and, here, Raman and photoluminescence spectroscopies are combined to characterize strain in over one hundred MoS2 monolayer samples grown by CVD. The frequency changes of phonons as a function of strain are analyzed, and used to extract the Grüneisen parameter of both zone-center and edge phonons. Additionally, the intensity of the defect-induced longitudinal acoustic (LA) and transverse acoustic (TA) Raman bands are discussed in relation to strain and electronic doping. The experimental mode-Grüneisen parameters obtained are compared with those calculated by density functional theory (DFT), to better characterize the type of strain and its resulting effects on Grüneisen parameters. The findings indicate that the use of Raman spectra to determine defect densities in 2D MoS2 must be always conducted considering strain effects. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this work constitutes the first report on double resonance Raman processes studied as a function of strain in 2D-MoS2. The new approach to obtain the Grüneisen parameter from zone-edge phonons in MoS2 can also be extended to other 2D semiconducting TMDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael N Gontijo
- Department of Physics, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Nathaniel Bunker
- Department of Physics, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Samarra L Graiser
- Department of Physics, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Xintong Ding
- Department of Physics, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Manuel Smeu
- Department of Physics, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Ana Laura Elías
- Department of Physics, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
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6
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Wang X, Chen A, Wu X, Zhang J, Dong J, Zhang L. Synthesis and Modulation of Low-Dimensional Transition Metal Chalcogenide Materials via Atomic Substitution. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2024; 16:163. [PMID: 38546814 PMCID: PMC10978568 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01378-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, low-dimensional transition metal chalcogenide (TMC) materials have garnered growing research attention due to their superior electronic, optical, and catalytic properties compared to their bulk counterparts. The controllable synthesis and manipulation of these materials are crucial for tailoring their properties and unlocking their full potential in various applications. In this context, the atomic substitution method has emerged as a favorable approach. It involves the replacement of specific atoms within TMC structures with other elements and possesses the capability to regulate the compositions finely, crystal structures, and inherent properties of the resulting materials. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview on various strategies of atomic substitution employed in the synthesis of zero-dimensional, one-dimensional and two-dimensional TMC materials. The effects of substituting elements, substitution ratios, and substitution positions on the structures and morphologies of resulting material are discussed. The enhanced electrocatalytic performance and photovoltaic properties of the obtained materials are also provided, emphasizing the role of atomic substitution in achieving these advancements. Finally, challenges and future prospects in the field of atomic substitution for fabricating low-dimensional TMC materials are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic and Electrophonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Akang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic and Electrophonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - XinLei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic and Electrophonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiatao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic and Electrophonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jichen Dong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China.
| | - Leining Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic and Electrophonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Bianchi MG, Risplendi F, Re Fiorentin M, Cicero G. Engineering the Electrical and Optical Properties of WS 2 Monolayers via Defect Control. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305162. [PMID: 38009517 PMCID: PMC10811516 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials as tungsten disulphide (WS2 ) are rising as the ideal platform for the next generation of nanoscale devices due to the excellent electric-transport and optical properties. However, the presence of defects in the as grown samples represents one of the main limiting factors for commercial applications. At the same time, WS2 properties are frequently tailored by introducing impurities at specific sites. Aim of this review paper is to present a complete description and discussion of the effects of both intentional and unintentional defects in WS2 , by an in depth analysis of the recent experimental and theoretical investigations reported in the literature. First, the most frequent intrinsic defects in WS2 are presented and their effects in the readily synthetized material are discussed. Possible solutions to remove and heal unintentional defects are also analyzed. Following, different doping schemes are reported, including the traditional substitution approach and innovative techniques based on the surface charge transfer with adsorbed atoms or molecules. The plethora of WS2 monolayer modifications presented in this review and the systematic analysis of the corresponding optical and electronic properties, represent strategic degrees of freedom the researchers may exploit to tailor WS2 optical and electronic properties for specific device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Giovanni Bianchi
- Department of Applied Science and TechnologyPolitecnico di Torinocorso Duca degli Abruzzi 24Torino10129Italy
| | - Francesca Risplendi
- Department of Applied Science and TechnologyPolitecnico di Torinocorso Duca degli Abruzzi 24Torino10129Italy
| | - Michele Re Fiorentin
- Department of Applied Science and TechnologyPolitecnico di Torinocorso Duca degli Abruzzi 24Torino10129Italy
| | - Giancarlo Cicero
- Department of Applied Science and TechnologyPolitecnico di Torinocorso Duca degli Abruzzi 24Torino10129Italy
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8
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Shinde PA, Ariga K. Two-Dimensional Nanoarchitectonics for Two-Dimensional Materials: Interfacial Engineering of Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:18175-18186. [PMID: 38047629 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have attracted increasing attention in fundamental studies and technological applications owing to their atomically thin thickness, expanded interlayer distance, motif band gap, and phase-transition ability. Even though TMDs have a wide variety of material assets from semiconductor to semimetallic to metallic, the materials with fixed features may not show excellence for precise application. As a result of exclusive crystalline polymorphs, physical and chemical assets of TMDs can be efficiently modified via various approaches of interface nanoarchitectonics, including heteroatom doping, heterostructure, phase engineering, reducing size, alloying, and hybridization. With modified properties, TMDs become interesting materials in diverse fields, including catalysis, energy, electronics, transistors, and optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragati A Shinde
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Ariga
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
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9
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Kang T, Lu Z, Liu L, Huang M, Hu Y, Liu H, Wu R, Liu Z, You J, Chen Y, Zhang K, Duan X, Wang N, Liu Y, Luo Z. In Situ Defect Engineering of Controllable Carrier Types in WSe 2 for Homomaterial Inverters and Self-Powered Photodetectors. NANO LETTERS 2023. [PMID: 38038404 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
WSe2 has a high mobility of electrons and holes, which is an ideal choice as active channels of electronics in extensive fields. However, carrier-type tunability of WSe2 still has enormous challenges, which are essential to overcome for practical applications. In this work, the direct growth of n-doped few-layer WSe2 is realized via in situ defect engineering. The n-doping of WSe2 is attributed to Se vacancies induced by the H2 flow purged in the cooling process. The electrical measurements based on field effect transistors demonstrate that the carrier type of WSe2 synthesized is successfully transferred from the conventional p-type to the rarely reported n-type. The electron carrier concentration is efficiently modulated by the concentration of H2 during the cooling process. Furthermore, homomaterial inverters and self-powered photodetectors are fabricated based on the doping-type-tunable WSe2. This work reveals a significant way to realize the controllable carrier type of two-dimensional (2D) materials, exhibiting great potential in future 2D electronics engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Kang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, William Mong Institute of Nano Science and Technology and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheyi Lu
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Liting Liu
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Meizhen Huang
- Department of Physics and Center for Quantum Materials, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunxia Hu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, William Mong Institute of Nano Science and Technology and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, William Mong Institute of Nano Science and Technology and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruixia Wu
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenjing Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, William Mong Institute of Nano Science and Technology and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawen You
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, William Mong Institute of Nano Science and Technology and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Chen
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Kenan Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, William Mong Institute of Nano Science and Technology and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Xidong Duan
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Physics and Center for Quantum Materials, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengtang Luo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, William Mong Institute of Nano Science and Technology and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, People's Republic of China
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology-Shenzhen Research Institute, No. 9 Yuexing first RD, Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen 518057, People's Republic of China
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10
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Li L, Zhang Q, Li H, Geng D. Liquid metal catalyzed chemical vapor deposition towards morphology engineering of 2D epitaxial heterostructures. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023. [PMID: 37991755 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04914k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
The past decades have witnessed significant advancements in the growth of two-dimensional (2D) materials, offering a wide range of potential applications in the fields of electronics, optoelectronics, energy storage, sensors, catalysis, and biomedical treatments. Epitaxial heterostructures based on 2D materials, including vertical heterostructures, lateral structures, and superlattices, have emerged as novel material systems to manipulate the intrinsic properties and unlock new functionalities. Therefore, the development of controllable preparation methods for tailored epitaxial heterostructures serves as a fundamental basis for extensive property investigation and further application exploration. However, this pursuit presents formidable challenges due to the incomplete understanding of growth mechanisms and limited designable strategies. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is deemed as a promising and versatile platform for the controlled synthesis of 2D materials, especially with regard to achieving lattice matching, a critical factor in epitaxial growth. Consequently, CVD holds potential to overcome these hurdles. In this Feature Article, we present our recent breakthroughs in the controllable preparation of 2D epitaxial heterostructures using CVD. Our focus revolves around the processes of morphology engineering, interface engineering, size and density engineering, and striking the delicate balance between growth and etching. Using molten metals or alloys as primary catalysts, we have achieved remarkable control over the fabrication of graphene/hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) super-ordered arrays, enabled multistage etching of graphene/hBN heterostructures, and successfully realized the construction of graphene/MXene heterostructures. Furthermore, our research endeavors encompass both bottom-up and top-down fabrication methods, offering a novel perspective on the synthesis of 2D epitaxial heterostructures. The resulting products hold immense potential for enhancing the efficiency of critical reactions such as oxygen reduction, CO2 reduction, and hydrogen evolution reactions. By presenting our methodologies for obtaining 2D epitaxial heterostructures through CVD, we aspire to inspire fellow researchers in this field to devise more feasible and controllable fabrication techniques while also fostering the exploration of diverse heterostructure configurations. Together, these advancements will undoubtedly pave the way for further breakthroughs in atomic manufacturing and novel applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Fuzhou 350207, China
| | - Hang Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Dechao Geng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
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11
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Maity D, Sharma R, Sahoo KR, Panda JJ, Lal A, Puthirath AB, Ajayan PM, Narayanan TN. On the electronic and spin-valley coupling of vanadium doped MoS 2(1-x)Se 2xmonolayers. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2023; 35:505002. [PMID: 37708898 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acf9d5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Monolayers of MoS2with tunable bandgap and valley positions are highly demanding for their applications in opto-spintronics. Herein, selenium (Se) and vanadium (V) co-doped MoS2monolayers (vanadium doped MoS2(1-x)Se2x(V-MoSSe)) are developed and showed their variations in the electronic and optical properties with dopant content. Vanadium gets substitutionally (in place of Mo) doped within the MoS2lattice while selenium doped in place of sulfur, as shown by a detailed microstructure and spectroscopy analyses. The bandgap tunability with selenium doping can be achieved while valley shift is occurred due to the doping of vanadium. Chemical vapor deposition assisted grown MoS2(also selenium doped MoS2as shown here) is known for its n-type transport behavior while vanadium doping is found to be changing its nature to p-doping. Chirality dependent photoexcitation studies indicate a room temperature valley splitting in V-MoSSe (∼8 meV), where such a valley splitting is verified using density functional theory based calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipak Maity
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research-Hyderabad, Serilingampally Mandal, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Rahul Sharma
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research-Hyderabad, Serilingampally Mandal, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Krishna Rani Sahoo
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research-Hyderabad, Serilingampally Mandal, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Janmey Jay Panda
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research-Hyderabad, Serilingampally Mandal, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Ashique Lal
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research-Hyderabad, Serilingampally Mandal, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Anand B Puthirath
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, United States of America
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, United States of America
| | - Tharangattu N Narayanan
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research-Hyderabad, Serilingampally Mandal, Hyderabad 500046, India
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12
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Torsi R, Munson KT, Pendurthi R, Marques E, Van Troeye B, Huberich L, Schuler B, Feidler M, Wang K, Pourtois G, Das S, Asbury JB, Lin YC, Robinson JA. Dilute Rhenium Doping and its Impact on Defects in MoS 2. ACS NANO 2023; 17:15629-15640. [PMID: 37534591 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c02626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Substitutionally doped 2D transition metal dichalcogenides are primed for next-generation device applications such as field effect transistors (FET), sensors, and optoelectronic circuits. In this work, we demonstrate substitutional rhenium (Re) doping of MoS2 monolayers with controllable concentrations down to 500 ppm by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). Surprisingly, we discover that even trace amounts of Re lead to a reduction in sulfur site defect density by 5-10×. Ab initio models indicate the origin of the reduction is an increase in the free-energy of sulfur-vacancy formation at the MoS2 growth-front when Re is introduced. Defect photoluminescence (PL) commonly seen in undoped MOCVD MoS2 is suppressed by 6× at 0.05 atomic percent (at. %) Re and completely quenched with 1 at. % Re. Furthermore, we find that Re-MoS2 transistors exhibit a 2× increase in drain current and carrier mobility compared to undoped MoS2, indicating that sulfur vacancy reduction improves carrier transport in the Re-MoS2. This work provides important insights on how dopants affect 2D semiconductor growth dynamics, which can lead to improved crystal quality and device performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Torsi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Kyle T Munson
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Rahul Pendurthi
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Esteban Marques
- Imec, Leuven 3001, Belgium
- Department of Molecular Design and Synthesis, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200f - Postbox 2404, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Lysander Huberich
- nanotech@surfaces Laboratory, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Bruno Schuler
- nanotech@surfaces Laboratory, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Maxwell Feidler
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Ke Wang
- Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | | | - Saptarshi Das
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - John B Asbury
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Yu-Chuan Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu City, 300093, Taiwan
| | - Joshua A Robinson
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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13
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Wang S, Ding D, Li P, Sui Y, Liu G, Zhao S, Xiao R, Tian C, Chen Z, Wang H, Chen C, Mu G, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Jin C, Ding F, Yu G. Concentration Phase Separation of Substitution-Doped Atoms in TMDCs Monolayer. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2301027. [PMID: 37060218 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The density and spatial distribution of substituted dopants affect the transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) materials properties. Previous studies have demonstrated that the density of dopants in TMDCs increases with the amount of doping, and the phenomenon of doping concentration difference between the nucleation center and the edge is observed, but the spatial distribution law of doping atoms has not been carefully studied. Here, it is demonstrated that the spatial distribution of dopants changes at high doping concentrations. The spontaneous formation of an interface with a steep doping concentration change is named concentration phase separation (CPS). The difference in the spatial distribution of dopants on both sides of the interface can be identified by an optical microscope. This is consistent with the results of spectral analysis and microstructure characterization of scanning transmission electron microscope. According to the calculation results of density functional theory, the chemical potential has two relatively stable energies as the doping concentration increases, which leads to the spontaneous formation of CPS. Understanding the abnormal phenomena is important for the design of TMDCs devices. This work has great significance in the establishment and improvement of the doping theory and the design of the doping process for 2D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Degong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Pai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Yanping Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guanyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Sunwen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Runhan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chuang Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhiying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Haomin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Gang Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yixin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yanhui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
| | - Chuanhong Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Feng Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering/Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1068 Xueyuan Blvd, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Guanghui Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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14
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Zhang T, Voshell A, Zhou D, Ward ZD, Yu Z, Liu M, Díaz Aponte KO, Granzier-Nakajima T, Lei Y, Liu H, Terrones H, Elías AL, Rana M, Terrones M. Effects of post-transfer annealing and substrate interactions on the photoluminescence of 2D/3D monolayer WS 2/Ge heterostructures. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:12348-12357. [PMID: 37449871 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr00961k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The ultraflat and dangling bond-free features of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) endow them with great potential to be integrated with arbitrary three-dimensional (3D) substrates, forming mixed-dimensional 2D/3D heterostructures. As examples, 2D/3D heterostructures based on monolayer TMDs (e.g., WS2) and bulk germanium (Ge) have become emerging candidates for optoelectronic applications, such as ultrasensitive photodetectors that are capable of detecting broadband light from the mid-infrared (IR) to visible range. Currently, the study of WS2/Ge(100) heterostructures is in its infancy and it remains largely unexplored how sample preparation conditions and different substrates affect their photoluminescence (PL) and other optoelectronic properties. In this report, we investigated the PL quenching effect in monolayer WS2/Ge heterostructures prepared via a wet transfer process, and employed PL spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM) to demonstrate that post-transfer low-pressure annealing improves the interface quality and homogenizes the PL signal. We further studied and compared the temperature-dependent PL emissions of WS2/Ge with those of as-grown WS2 and WS2/graphene/Ge heterostructures. The results demonstrate that the integration of WS2 on Ge significantly quenches the PL intensity (from room temperature down to 80 K), and the PL quenching effect becomes even more prominent in WS2/graphene/Ge heterostructures, which is likely due to synergistic PL quenching effects induced by graphene and Ge. Density functional theory (DFT) and Heyd-Scuseria-Ernzerhof (HSE) hybrid functional calculations show that the interaction of WS2 and Ge is stronger than in adjacent layers of bulk WS2, thus changing the electronic band structure and making the direct band gap of monolayer WS2 less accessible. By understanding the impact of post-transfer annealing and substrate interactions on the optical properties of monolayer TMD/Ge heterostructures, this study contributes to the exploration of the processing-properties relationship and may guide the future design and fabrication of optoelectronic devices based on 2D/3D heterostructures of TMDs/Ge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
- Center for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Andrew Voshell
- Division of Physics, Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Sciences and Optical Science Center for Applied Research, Delaware State University, Dover, DE 19901, USA.
| | - Da Zhou
- Center for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Zachary D Ward
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Zhuohang Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
- Center for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Mingzu Liu
- Center for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Kevin O Díaz Aponte
- Division of Physics, Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Sciences and Optical Science Center for Applied Research, Delaware State University, Dover, DE 19901, USA.
| | - Tomotaroh Granzier-Nakajima
- Center for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Yu Lei
- Center for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - He Liu
- Center for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Humberto Terrones
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Ana Laura Elías
- Department of Physics, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA
| | - Mukti Rana
- Division of Physics, Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Sciences and Optical Science Center for Applied Research, Delaware State University, Dover, DE 19901, USA.
| | - Mauricio Terrones
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
- Center for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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15
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Li H, Yang J, Li X, Luo Q, Cheng M, Feng W, Du R, Wang Y, Song L, Wen X, Wen Y, Xiao M, Liao L, Zhang Y, Shi J, He J. Bridging Synthesis and Controllable Doping of Monolayer 4 in. Length Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides Single Crystals with High Electron Mobility. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2211536. [PMID: 36929175 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Epitaxial growth and controllable doping of wafer-scale atomically thin semiconductor single crystals are two central tasks to tackle the scaling challenge of transistors. Despite considerable efforts are devoted, addressing such crucial issues simultaneously under 2D confinement is yet to be realized. Here, an ingenious strategy to synthesize record-breaking 4 in. length Fe-doped transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) single crystals on industry-compatible c-plane sapphire without special miscut angle is designed. Atomically thin transistors with high electron mobility (≈146 cm2 V-1 s-1 ) and remarkable on/off current ratio (≈109 ) are fabricated based on 4 in. length Fe-MoS2 single crystals, due to the ultralow contact resistance (≈489 Ω µm). In-depth characterizations and theoretical calculations reveal that the introduction of Fe significantly decreases the formation energy of parallel steps on sapphire surfaces and contributes to the edge-nucleation of unidirectional alignment TMDCs domains (>99%). This work represents a substantial leap in terms of bridging synthesis and doping of wafer-scale 2D semiconductor single crystals, which should promote the further device downscaling and extension of Moore's law.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Junbo Yang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Quankun Luo
- Hunan Institute of Advanced Sensing and Information Technology, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, P. R. China
| | - Mo Cheng
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Wang Feng
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Ruofan Du
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Yuzhu Wang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Luying Song
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Xia Wen
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Yao Wen
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Mengmeng Xiao
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Lei Liao
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jianping Shi
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Jun He
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
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16
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Jiang J, Feng W, Wen Y, Yin L, Wang H, Feng X, Pei YL, Cheng R, He J. Tuning 2D Magnetism in Cobalt Monoxide Nanosheets Via In Situ Nickel-Doping. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2301668. [PMID: 37015006 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202301668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Element doping has become an effective strategy to engineer the magnetic properties of two-dimensional (2D) materials and is widely explored in van der Waals layered transition metal dichalcogenides. However, the high-concentration substitution doping of 2D nonlayered metal oxides, which can preserve the original crystal texture and guarantee the homogeneity of doping distribution, is still a critical challenge due to the isotropic bonding of closed-packed structures. In this work, the synthesis of high-quality 2D nonlayered nickel-doped cobalt monoxide nanosheets via in situ atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition method is reported. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy confirmed that nickel atoms are doped at the intrinsic cobalt atom sites. The nickel doping concentration is stable at ≈15%, superior to most magnetic dopants doping in 2D materials and metal oxides. Magnetic measurements showed that pristine cobalt monoxide is nonferromagnetic, whereas nickel-doped cobalt monoxide exhibits robust ferromagnetic behavior with a Curie temperature of ≈180 K. Density functional theory calculations reveal that nickel atoms can improve the internal ferromagnetic correlation, giving rise to significant ferromagnetic performance of cobalt monoxide nanosheets. These results provide a valuable case for tuning the competing correlated states and magnetic ordering by substitution doping in 2D nonlayered oxide semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, and School of Physical and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Wenyong Feng
- The State Key Lab of Optoelectronic Materials & Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Yao Wen
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, and School of Physical and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Lei Yin
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, and School of Physical and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, and School of Physical and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, and School of Physical and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yan-Li Pei
- The State Key Lab of Optoelectronic Materials & Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Ruiqing Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, and School of Physical and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Jun He
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, and School of Physical and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan, 430206, China
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17
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Son E, Lee S, Seo J, Kim U, Kim SH, Baik JM, Han YK, Park H. Engineering the Local Atomic Configuration in 2H TMDs for Efficient Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. ACS NANO 2023. [PMID: 37183803 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c02344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of heteroatoms is a widely employed strategy for electrocatalysis of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). This approach activates the inactive basal plane, effectively boosting the intrinsic catalytic activity. However, the effect of atomic configurations incorporated within the TMDs' lattice on catalytic activity is not thoroughly understood owing to the lack of controllable synthetic approaches for highly doped TMDs. In this study, we demonstrate a facile approach to realizing heavily doped MoS2 with a high doping concentration above 16% via intermediate-reaction-mediated chemical vapor deposition. As the V doping concentration increased, the incorporated V atoms coalesced in a manner that enabled both the basal plane activation and electrical conductivity enhancement of MoS2. This accelerated the kinetics of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) through the reduced Gibbs free energy of hydrogen adsorption, as evidenced by experimental and theoretical analyses. Consequently, the coalesced V-doped MoS2 exhibited superior HER performance, with an overpotential of 100 mV at 10 mA cm-2, surpassing the pristine and single-atom-doped counterparts. This study provides an intriguing pathway for engineering the atomic doping configuration of TMDs to develop efficient 2D nanomaterial-based electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunbin Son
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Semiconductor Materials and Devices Engineering, Graduate School of Carbon Neutrality, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangjin Lee
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyung Seo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Semiconductor Materials and Devices Engineering, Graduate School of Carbon Neutrality, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Ungsoo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Semiconductor Materials and Devices Engineering, Graduate School of Carbon Neutrality, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Heon Kim
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- SKKU Institute of Energy Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Min Baik
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- SKKU Institute of Energy Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Kyu Han
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyesung Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Semiconductor Materials and Devices Engineering, Graduate School of Carbon Neutrality, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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18
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Guan H, Zhao B, Zhao W, Ni Z. Liquid-precursor-intermediated synthesis of atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:1105-1120. [PMID: 36628937 DOI: 10.1039/d2mh01207c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid development of integrated electronics and optoelectronics, methods for the scalable industrial-scale growth of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) materials have become a hot research topic. However, the control of gas distribution of solid precursors in common chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is still a challenge, resulting in the growth of 2D TMDs strongly influenced by the location of the substrate from the precursor powder. In contrast, liquid-precursor-intermediated growth not only avoids the use of solid powders but also enables the uniform distribution of precursors on the substrate through spin-coating, which is much more favorable for the synthesis of wafer-scale TMDs. Moreover, the spin-coating process based on liquid precursors can control the thickness of the spin-coated films by regulating the solution concentration and spin-coating speed. Herein, this review focuses on the recent progress in the synthesis of 2D TMDs based on liquid-precursor-intermediated CVD (LPI-CVD) growth. Firstly, the different assisted treatments based on LPI-CVD strategies for monolayer 2D TMDs are introduced. Then, the progress in the regulation of the different physical properties of monolayer 2D TMDs by substitution of the transition metal and their corresponding heterostructures based on LPI-CVD growth are summarized. Finally, the challenges and perspectives of 2D TMDs based on the LPI-CVD method are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyan Guan
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Bei Zhao
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Weiwei Zhao
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Zhenhua Ni
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
- Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing 211111, China
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19
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Zhang S, Yi X, Hu G, Chen M, Shen H, Li B, Yang L, Dai W, Zou J, Luo S. Configuration regulation of active sites by accurate doping inducing self-adapting defect for enhanced photocatalytic applications: A review. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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20
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Control of Columnar Grain Microstructure in CSD LaNiO 3 Films. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041938. [PMID: 36838926 PMCID: PMC9959992 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Conductive LaNiO3 (LNO) films with an ABO3 perovskite structure deposited on silicon wafers are a promising material for various electronics applications. The creation of a well-defined columnar grain structure in CSD (Chemical Solution Deposition) LNO films is challenging to achieve on an amorphous substrate. Here, we report the formation of columnar grain structure in LNO films deposited on the Si-SiO2 substrate via layer-by-layer deposition with the control of soft-baking temperature and high temperature annealing time of each deposited layer. The columnar structure is controlled not by typical heterogeneous nucleation on the film/substrate interface, but by the crystallites' coalescence during the successive layers' deposition and annealing. The columnar structure of LNO film provides the low resistivity value ρ~700 µOhm·cm and is well suited to lead zirconate-titanate (PZT) film growth with perfect crystalline structure and ferroelectric performance. These results extend the understanding of columnar grain growth via CSD techniques and may enable the development of new materials and devices for distinct applications.
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21
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Selhorst R, Yu Z, Moore D, Jiang J, Susner MA, Glavin NR, Pachter R, Terrones M, Maruyama B, Rao R. Precision Modification of Monolayer Transition Metal Dichalcogenides via Environmental E-Beam Patterning. ACS NANO 2023; 17:2958-2967. [PMID: 36689725 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c11503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Layered Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMDs) are an important class of materials that exhibit a wide variety of optoelectronic properties. The ability to spatially tailor their expansive property-space (e.g., conduction behavior, optical emission, surface interactions) is of special interest for applications including, but not limited to, sensing, bioelectronics, and spintronics/valleytronics. Current methods of property modulation focus on the modification of the basal surfaces and edge sites of the TMDs by the introduction of defects, functionalization with organic or inorganic moieties, alloying, heterostructure formation, and phase engineering. A majority of these methods lack the resolution for the development of next-generation nanoscale devices or are limited in the types of functionalities useful for efficient TMD property modification. In this study, we utilize electron-beam patterning on monolayer TMDs (MoSe2, WSe2 and MoS2) in the presence of a pressure-controlled atmosphere of water vapor within an environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM). A series of parametric studies show local optical and electronic property modification depending on acceleration voltage, beam current, pressure, and electron dose. The ultimate pattern resolution achieved is 67 ± 9 nm. Raman and photoluminescence spectroscopies coupled with Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy reveal electron dose-dependent p-doping in the patterned regions, which we attribute to functionalization from the products of water vapor radiolysis (oxygen and hydroxyl groups). The modulation of the work function through patterning matches well with Density Functional Theory modeling. Finally, post-functionalization of the patterned areas with an organic fluorophore demonstrates a robust method to achieve nanoscale functionalization with high fidelity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Selhorst
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, 2179 12th Street, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
- UES Inc., 4401 Dayton-Xenia Rd., Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Zhuohang Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, 221 Steidle Building, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - David Moore
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, 2179 12th Street, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Jie Jiang
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, 2179 12th Street, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Michael A Susner
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, 2179 12th Street, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Nicholas R Glavin
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, 2179 12th Street, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Ruth Pachter
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, 2179 12th Street, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Mauricio Terrones
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, 221 Steidle Building, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Benji Maruyama
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, 2179 12th Street, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Rahul Rao
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, 2179 12th Street, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
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22
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Zhang T, Liu M, Fujisawa K, Lucking M, Beach K, Zhang F, Shanmugasundaram M, Krayev A, Murray W, Lei Y, Yu Z, Sanchez D, Liu Z, Terrones H, Elías AL, Terrones M. Spatial Control of Substitutional Dopants in Hexagonal Monolayer WS 2 : The Effect of Edge Termination. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2205800. [PMID: 36587989 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The ability to control the density and spatial distribution of substitutional dopants in semiconductors is crucial for achieving desired physicochemical properties. Substitutional doping with adjustable doping levels has been previously demonstrated in 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs); however, the spatial control of dopant distribution remains an open field. In this work, edge termination is demonstrated as an important characteristic of 2D TMD monocrystals that affects the distribution of substitutional dopants. Particularly, in chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-grown monolayer WS2 , it is found that a higher density of transition metal dopants is always incorporated in sulfur-terminated domains when compared to tungsten-terminated domains. Two representative examples demonstrate this spatial distribution control, including hexagonal iron- and vanadium-doped WS2 monolayers. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations are further performed, indicating that the edge-dependent dopant distribution is due to a strong binding of tungsten atoms at tungsten-zigzag edges, resulting in the formation of open sites at sulfur-zigzag edges that enable preferential dopant incorporation. Based on these results, it is envisioned that edge termination in crystalline TMD monolayers can be utilized as a novel and effective knob for engineering the spatial distribution of substitutional dopants, leading to in-plane hetero-/multi-junctions that display fascinating electronic, optoelectronic, and magnetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Center for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Mingzu Liu
- Center for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Kazunori Fujisawa
- Research Initiative for Supra-Materials, Shinshu University, Nagano, 380-8553, Japan
| | - Michael Lucking
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Kory Beach
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Fu Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Center for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | | | | | - William Murray
- Department of Electrical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Yu Lei
- Center for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zhuohang Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Center for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - David Sanchez
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Center for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Zhiwen Liu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Humberto Terrones
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Ana Laura Elías
- Department of Physics, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Mauricio Terrones
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Center for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
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23
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Hu S, Guo R, Gao Y, Chen F. Oxoiron(IV)-dominated Heterogeneous Fenton-like Mechanism of Fe-Doped MoS 2. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202201134. [PMID: 36459407 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202201134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Oxoiron(IV) species are a critical intermediate in the Fe-based Fenton-like process at circumneutral pH, and its oxidative reactivity is closely related to the ligands. An optional inorganic host material, MoS2 , is selected to construct a highly reactive sulfur ligand coordinated Fe species in this work. The Fe species doped in MoS2 is presented as the FeII centre and triggers the transformation of the 2H phase to the octahedral 1T phase MoS2 . The role of the interaction between doped Fe and the MoS2 host lattice on the formation of oxoiron(IV) is studied. A significant Fenton-like reactivity and a remarkable accumulation of oxoiron(IV) species were observed for Fe-MoS2 . The quenching experiment was implemented to disclose the predominant role of oxoiron(IV) species in the Fe-MoS2 /H2 O2 Fenton-like system. Furthermore, oxoiron(IV) species could transform into the ⋅O2 - and 1 O2 , which further expedites the Fenton-like reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Hu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, 200237, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Rujia Guo
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, 200237, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yiqian Gao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, 200237, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Feng Chen
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, 200237, Shanghai, P. R. China
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24
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Lei Y, Zhang T, Lin YC, Granzier-Nakajima T, Bepete G, Kowalczyk DA, Lin Z, Zhou D, Schranghamer TF, Dodda A, Sebastian A, Chen Y, Liu Y, Pourtois G, Kempa TJ, Schuler B, Edmonds MT, Quek SY, Wurstbauer U, Wu SM, Glavin NR, Das S, Dash SP, Redwing JM, Robinson JA, Terrones M. Graphene and Beyond: Recent Advances in Two-Dimensional Materials Synthesis, Properties, and Devices. ACS NANOSCIENCE AU 2022; 2:450-485. [PMID: 36573124 PMCID: PMC9782807 DOI: 10.1021/acsnanoscienceau.2c00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Since the isolation of graphene in 2004, two-dimensional (2D) materials research has rapidly evolved into an entire subdiscipline in the physical sciences with a wide range of emergent applications. The unique 2D structure offers an open canvas to tailor and functionalize 2D materials through layer number, defects, morphology, moiré pattern, strain, and other control knobs. Through this review, we aim to highlight the most recent discoveries in the following topics: theory-guided synthesis for enhanced control of 2D morphologies, quality, yield, as well as insights toward novel 2D materials; defect engineering to control and understand the role of various defects, including in situ and ex situ methods; and properties and applications that are related to moiré engineering, strain engineering, and artificial intelligence. Finally, we also provide our perspective on the challenges and opportunities in this fascinating field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Lei
- Department
of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States,Center
for Atomically Thin Multifunctional Coatings, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States,Institute
of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen
International Graduate School, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China,Center
for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Center
for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States,Department
of Material Science and Engineering, The
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Yu-Chuan Lin
- Center
for Atomically Thin Multifunctional Coatings, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States,Center
for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States,Department
of Material Science and Engineering, The
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Tomotaroh Granzier-Nakajima
- Department
of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States,Center
for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - George Bepete
- Department
of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States,Center
for Atomically Thin Multifunctional Coatings, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States,Center
for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States,Department
of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Dorota A. Kowalczyk
- Department
of Solid State Physics, Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, University of Lodz, Pomorska 149/153, Lodz 90-236, Poland
| | - Zhong Lin
- Department
of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Da Zhou
- Department
of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States,Center
for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Thomas F. Schranghamer
- Department
of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Pennsylvania
State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Akhil Dodda
- Department
of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Pennsylvania
State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Amritanand Sebastian
- Department
of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Pennsylvania
State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Yifeng Chen
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Yuanyue Liu
- Texas
Materials Institute and Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | | | - Thomas J. Kempa
- Department
of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Bruno Schuler
- nanotech@surfaces
Laboratory, Empa − Swiss Federal
Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Mark T. Edmonds
- School
of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Su Ying Quek
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Ursula Wurstbauer
- Institute
of Physics, University of Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 10, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Stephen M. Wu
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering & Department of Physics
and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Nicholas R. Glavin
- Air
Force
Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson AFB, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Saptarshi Das
- Center
for Atomically Thin Multifunctional Coatings, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States,Center
for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States,Department
of Material Science and Engineering, The
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States,Department
of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Pennsylvania
State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Saroj Prasad Dash
- Department
of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, Chalmers
University of Technology, Göteborg SE-412 96, Sweden
| | - Joan M. Redwing
- Center
for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States,Department
of Material Science and Engineering, The
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Joshua A. Robinson
- Center
for Atomically Thin Multifunctional Coatings, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States,Center
for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States,Department
of Material Science and Engineering, The
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States,
| | - Mauricio Terrones
- Department
of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States,Center
for Atomically Thin Multifunctional Coatings, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States,Center
for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States,Department
of Material Science and Engineering, The
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States,Department
of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States,Research
Initiative for Supra-Materials and Global Aqua Innovation Center, Shinshu University, 4-17-1Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan,
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25
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Zhu B, Wu Y, Zhou Z, Zheng W, Hu Y, Ji Y, Kong L, Zhang R. Visualizing Large Facet-Dependent Electronic Tuning in Monolayer WSe 2 on Au Surfaces. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:9630-9637. [PMID: 36383028 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have shown great importance in the development of novel ultrathin optoelectronic devices owing to their exceptional electronic and photonic properties. Effectively tuning their electronic band structures is not only desired in electronics applications but also can facilitate more novel properties. In this work, we demonstrate that large electronic tuning on a WSe2 monolayer can be realized by different facets of a Au-foil substrate, forming in-plane p-n junctions with remarkable built-in electric fields. This facet-dependent tuning effect is directly visualized by using scanning tunneling microscopy and differential conductance (dI/dV) spectroscopy. First-principles calculations reveal that the atomic arrangement of the Au facet effectively changes the interfacial coupling and charge transfer, leading to different magnitudes of charge doping in WSe2. Our study would be beneficial for future customized fabrication of TMD-junction devices via facet-specific construction on the substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhu
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Acquisition and Manipulation, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Yanwei Wu
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Zeyi Zhou
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Acquisition and Manipulation, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Wenjie Zheng
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Acquisition and Manipulation, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Yuchen Hu
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Acquisition and Manipulation, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Yongfei Ji
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingyao Kong
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Acquisition and Manipulation, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Acquisition and Manipulation, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
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26
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Gao P, Cheng S, Liu J, Li J, Guo Y, Deng Z, Qin T, Wang A. Facile Synthesis of Highly Emissive All-Inorganic Manganese Bromide Compounds with Perovskite-Related Structures for White LEDs. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238259. [PMID: 36500354 PMCID: PMC9736304 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Lead-free all-inorganic halide materials with different Mn2+-based crystal structures (Cs3MnBr5 and CsMnBr3) were obtained using a convenient synthetic method. Cs3MnBr5 had a bright green emission (522 nm), with a unique single-exponential lifetime (τavg = 236 µs) and a high photoluminescence quantum yield (82 ± 5%). A red emission was observed in the case of the CsMnBr3 structure with a two-exponential fluorescence decay curve, and the lifetime was 1.418 µs (93%) and 18.328 µs (7%), respectively. By a judicious tuning of the synthetic conditions, a mixed phase of Cs3MnBr5/CsMnBr3 was also produced that emitted white light, covering almost the entire visible spectrum. White-light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) with color coordinates (0.4269, 0.4955), a color temperature of (3773 K), and a color rendering index (68) were then fabricated using the as-prepared powder of mixed phases of Cs3MnBr5/CsMnBr3 with a commercial UV LED chip (365 nm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Gao
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Suwen Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Junjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yanyan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, National Laboratory of Micro-Structures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhengtao Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, National Laboratory of Micro-Structures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Tianshi Qin
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Aifei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), Nanjing 211816, China
- Correspondence:
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27
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Jang J, Kim JK, Shin J, Kim J, Baek KY, Park J, Park S, Kim YD, Parkin SSP, Kang K, Cho K, Lee T. Reduced dopant-induced scattering in remote charge-transfer-doped MoS 2 field-effect transistors. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn3181. [PMID: 36129985 PMCID: PMC9491718 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn3181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Efficient doping for modulating electrical properties of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) semiconductors is essential for meeting the versatile requirements for future electronic and optoelectronic devices. Because doping of semiconductors, including TMDCs, typically involves generation of charged dopants that hinder charge transport, tackling Coulomb scattering induced by the externally introduced dopants remains a key challenge in achieving ultrahigh mobility 2D semiconductor systems. In this study, we demonstrated remote charge transfer doping by simply inserting a hexagonal boron nitride layer between MoS2 and solution-deposited n-type dopants, benzyl viologen. A quantitative analysis of temperature-dependent charge transport in remotely doped devices supports an effective suppression of the dopant-induced scattering relative to the conventional direct doping method. Our mechanistic investigation of the remote doping method promotes the charge transfer strategy as a promising method for material-level tailoring of electrical and optoelectronic devices based on TMDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juntae Jang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jae-Keun Kim
- Max-Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Weinberg 2, 06120 Halle, Saale, Germany
| | - Jiwon Shin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jaeyoung Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Kyeong-Yoon Baek
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jaehyoung Park
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Seungmin Park
- Department of Physics, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Young Duck Kim
- Department of Physics, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Stuart S. P. Parkin
- Max-Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Weinberg 2, 06120 Halle, Saale, Germany
| | - Keehoon Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Kyungjune Cho
- Soft Hybrid Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Takhee Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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28
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Kwon IS, Kwak IH, Zewdie GM, Lee SJ, Kim JY, Yoo SJ, Kim JG, Park J, Kang HS. WSe 2-VSe 2 Alloyed Nanosheets to Enhance the Catalytic Performance of Hydrogen Evolution Reaction. ACS NANO 2022; 16:12569-12579. [PMID: 35940577 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c04113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Tuning the electronic structures of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) is essential for their implementation in next-generation energy technologies. In this study, we synthesized composition-tuned WSe2-VSe2 (W1-xVxSe2, x = 0-1) alloyed nanosheets using a colloidal reaction. Alloying the semiconducting WSe2 with VSe2 converts the material into a metallic one, followed by a 2H-to-1T phase transition at x = 0.7. Over a wide composition range, WSe2 and VSe2 are atomically immiscible and form separate ordered domains. The miscible alloy at x = 0.1 displayed enhanced electrocatalytic activity toward the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in an acidic electrolyte. This trend was correlated with the d-band center via a volcano-type relationship. Spin-polarized density functional theory calculations consistently predicted the atomic immiscibility, which became more significant at the 2H-1T phase transition composition. The Gibbs free energy of H adsorption on the basal planes (Se or hole sites) and the activation barriers along the Volmer-Heyrovsky reaction pathway supported the enhanced HER performance of the alloy phase, suggesting that the dispersed V-doped structures were responsible for the best HER catalytic activity. Our study demonstrates how the atomic structure of TMD alloy nanosheets plays a crucial role in enhancing catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ik Seon Kwon
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University, Sejong 339-700, Republic of Korea
| | - In Hye Kwak
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University, Sejong 339-700, Republic of Korea
| | - Getasew Mulualem Zewdie
- Institute for Application of Advanced Materials, Jeonju University, Chonju, Chonbuk 55069, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jae Lee
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University, Sejong 339-700, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Yeon Kim
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University, Sejong 339-700, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jo Yoo
- Division of Electron Microscopic Research, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Gyu Kim
- Division of Electron Microscopic Research, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeunghee Park
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University, Sejong 339-700, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Seok Kang
- Department of Nano and Advanced Materials, Jeonju University, Chonju, Chonbuk 55069, Republic of Korea
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29
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Liu H, Silva WC, Santana Gonçalves de Souza L, Veiga AG, Seixas L, Fujisawa K, Kahn E, Zhang T, Zhang F, Yu Z, Thompson K, Lei Y, de Matos CJS, Rocco MLM, Terrones M, Grasseschi D. 3d transition metal coordination on monolayer MoS 2: a facile doping method to functionalize surfaces. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:10801-10815. [PMID: 35735180 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr01132h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional materials (2DM) have attracted much interest due to their distinct optical, electronic, and catalytic properties. These properties can be tuned by a range of methods including substitutional doping and, as recently demonstrated, by surface functionalization with single atoms, thus increasing the 2DM portfolio. We theoretically and experimentally describe the coordination reaction between MoS2 monolayers and 3d transition metals (TMs), exploring their nature and MoS2-TM interactions. Density functional theory calculations, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy point to the formation of MoS2-TM coordination complexes, where the adsorption energy for 3d TMs resembles the crystal-field (CF) stabilization energy for weak-field complexes. Pearson's theory for hard-soft acid-base and ligand-field theory were used to discuss the periodic trends of 3d TM coordination on MoS2 monolayer surfaces. We found that softer acids with higher ligand field stabilization energy, such as Ni2+, tend to form bonds with more covalent character with MoS2, which can be considered a soft base. On the other hand, harder acids, such as Cr3+, tend to form more ionic bonds. Additionally, we studied the trends in charge transfer and doping observed from XPS and PL results, where metals like Ni led to n-type doping. In contrast, Cu functionalization results in p-type doping. Therefore, the formation of coordination complexes on TMD's surface is a potentially effective way to control and understand the nature of single-atom functionalization of TMD monolayers without relying on or creating new defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
| | - Walner Costa Silva
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), 21941-909, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | | | - Amanda Garcez Veiga
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), 21941-909, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Leandro Seixas
- MackGraphe-Graphene and Nanomaterials Research Center, Mackenzie Presbyterian Institute, 01302-907, São Paulo, Brazil
- Engineering School, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, 01302-907, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kazunori Fujisawa
- Research Initiative for Supra-Materials (RISM), Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano, 380-8553, Japan
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Center for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Ethan Kahn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Fu Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Zhuohang Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Katherine Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
| | - Yu Lei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Christiano J S de Matos
- MackGraphe-Graphene and Nanomaterials Research Center, Mackenzie Presbyterian Institute, 01302-907, São Paulo, Brazil
- Engineering School, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, 01302-907, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Luiza M Rocco
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), 21941-909, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Mauricio Terrones
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Center for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Daniel Grasseschi
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), 21941-909, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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30
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Wan W, Wickramaratne D, Dreher P, Harsh R, Mazin II, Ugeda MM. Nontrivial Doping Evolution of Electronic Properties in Ising-Superconducting Alloys. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2200492. [PMID: 35243698 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202200492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal dichalcogenides offer unprecedented versatility to engineer 2D materials with tailored properties to explore novel structural and electronic phase transitions. In this work, the atomic-scale evolution of the electronic ground state of a monolayer of Nb1- δ Moδ Se2 across the entire alloy composition range (0 < δ < 1) is investigated using low-temperature (300 mK) scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM/STS). In particular, the atomic and electronic structure of this 2D alloy throughout the metal to semiconductor transition (monolayer NbSe2 to MoSe2 ) is studied. The measurements enable extraction of the effective doping of Mo atoms, the bandgap evolution and the band shifts, which are monotonic with δ. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that collective electronic phases (charge density wave and superconductivity) are remarkably robust against disorder and further shown that the superconducting TC changes non-monotonically with doping. This contrasting behavior in the normal and superconducting state is explained using first-principles calculations. Mo doping is shown to decrease the density of states at the Fermi level and the magnitude of pair-breaking spin fluctuations as a function of Mo content. These results paint a detailed picture of the electronic structure evolution in 2D TMD alloys, which is of utmost relevance for future 2D materials design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wan
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizábal 4, San Sebastián, 20018, Spain
| | - Darshana Wickramaratne
- Center for Computational Materials Science, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - Paul Dreher
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizábal 4, San Sebastián, 20018, Spain
| | - Rishav Harsh
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizábal 4, San Sebastián, 20018, Spain
| | - Igor I Mazin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
- Quantum Science and Engineering Center, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
| | - Miguel M Ugeda
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizábal 4, San Sebastián, 20018, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CSIC-UPV-EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizábal 5, San Sebastián, 20018, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48013, Spain
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31
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Lin H, Zhang Z, Zhang H, Lin KT, Wen X, Liang Y, Fu Y, Lau AKT, Ma T, Qiu CW, Jia B. Engineering van der Waals Materials for Advanced Metaphotonics. Chem Rev 2022; 122:15204-15355. [PMID: 35749269 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The outstanding chemical and physical properties of 2D materials, together with their atomically thin nature, make them ideal candidates for metaphotonic device integration and construction, which requires deep subwavelength light-matter interaction to achieve optical functionalities beyond conventional optical phenomena observed in naturally available materials. In addition to their intrinsic properties, the possibility to further manipulate the properties of 2D materials via chemical or physical engineering dramatically enhances their capability, evoking new science on light-matter interaction, leading to leaped performance of existing functional devices and giving birth to new metaphotonic devices that were unattainable previously. Comprehensive understanding of the intrinsic properties of 2D materials, approaches and capabilities for chemical and physical engineering methods, the resulting property modifications and novel functionalities, and applications of metaphotonic devices are provided in this review. Through reviewing the detailed progress in each aspect and the state-of-the-art achievement, insightful analyses of the outstanding challenges and future directions are elucidated in this cross-disciplinary comprehensive review with the aim to provide an overall development picture in the field of 2D material metaphotonics and promote rapid progress in this fast emerging and prosperous field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Lin
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,The Australian Research Council (ARC) Industrial Transformation Training, Centre in Surface Engineering for Advanced Materials (SEAM), Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Zhenfang Zhang
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Huihui Zhang
- Centre for Translational Atomaterials, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Keng-Te Lin
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Xiaoming Wen
- Centre for Translational Atomaterials, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Yao Liang
- Centre for Translational Atomaterials, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Yang Fu
- Centre for Translational Atomaterials, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Alan Kin Tak Lau
- Centre for Translational Atomaterials, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Tianyi Ma
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,Centre for Translational Atomaterials, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Baohua Jia
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,The Australian Research Council (ARC) Industrial Transformation Training, Centre in Surface Engineering for Advanced Materials (SEAM), Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia.,Centre for Translational Atomaterials, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
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32
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Liu X, Jiang X, Shao G, Xiang H, Li Z, Jin Y, Chen Y, Jiang H, Li H, Shui J, Feng Y, Liu S. Activating the Electrocatalysis of MoS 2 Basal Plane for Hydrogen Evolution via Atomic Defect Configurations. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2200601. [PMID: 35652257 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202200601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Point defects of heteroatoms and vacancies can activate the inert basal plane of molybdenum sulfide (MoS2 ) to improve its performance on catalyzing the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, the synergy between heteroatoms and vacancies is still unclear. Here, a chemical vapor deposition-assisted in situ vanadium (V) doping method is used to synthesize monolayer MoS2 with abundant and tunable vacancies and V-dopants in the lattice. Ten delicate defect configurations are prepared to provide a complex system for the relationship investigation between microstructure and catalytic performance. The combination of on-chip electrochemical tests and theoretical calculations indicates that the HER performance greatly depends on the type and amount of defect configurations. The optimal configuration is that three V atoms are aggregated and accompanied by abundant sulfur vacancies, in which, H atoms directly interact with Mo and V atoms to form the most stable metal-bridge structure. The on-chip measurements also confirm that the sample with high concentrations of this type of defect configuration exhibits the best catalytic performance, indicating the efficient synergy in the optimal configuration. The revealed effects of defect configurations are expected to inspire the design and regulation of high-efficiency 2D catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Xingxing Jiang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Structural Physics and Devices, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Gonglei Shao
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Haiyan Xiang
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Zhiwei Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Structural Physics and Devices, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Jin
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yang Chen
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Huili Jiang
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Huimin Li
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Jianglan Shui
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Structural Physics and Devices, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yexin Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Song Liu
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
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33
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Nie K, Qu X, Gao D, Li B, Yuan Y, Liu Q, Li X, Chong S, Liu Z. Engineering Phase Stability of Semimetallic MoS 2 Monolayers for Sustainable Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Production. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:19847-19856. [PMID: 35441503 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c01358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
1T'-phase MoS2 possesses excellent electrocatalytic performance, but due to the instability of the thermodynamic metastable phase, its actual electrocatalytic effect is seriously limited. Here, we report a wet-chemical synthesis strategy for constructing rGO/1T'-MoS2/CeO2 heterostructures to improve the phase stability of metastable 1T' phase MoS2 monolayers. Importantly, the rGO/1T'-MoS2/CeO2 heterostructure exhibits excellent electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance, which is much better than the 1T'-MoS2 monolayers. The synergistic effects between CeO2 nanoparticles (NPs) and 1T'-MoS2 monolayers were systematically investigated. 1T'-MoS2 monolayers combined with the cocatalyst of CeO2 NPs can produce lattice strain and distortion on 1T'-MoS2 monolayers, which can tune the energy band structure, charge transfer, and energy barriers of hydrogen atom adsorption (ΔEH), leading to promotion of the phase activity and stability of 1T'-MoS2 monolayers for hydrogen production. Our work offers a feasible method for the preparation of efficient HER electrocatalysts based on the engineering phase stability of metastable materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunkun Nie
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Xiaoyan Qu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xian Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Dongwei Gao
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Binjie Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Yanling Yuan
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Qi Liu
- School of Faculty of Materials, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Xinghua Li
- School of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Shaokun Chong
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Zhengqing Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
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34
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Ledneva AY, Chebanova GE, Artemkina SB, Lavrov AN. CRYSTALLINE AND NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS BASED ON TRANSITION METAL DICHALCOGENIDES: SYNTHESIS AND ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476622020020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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35
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Liu Z, Nie K, Qu X, Li X, Li B, Yuan Y, Chong S, Liu P, Li Y, Yin Z, Huang W. General Bottom-Up Colloidal Synthesis of Nano-Monolayer Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides with High 1T'-Phase Purity. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:4863-4873. [PMID: 35258958 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c12379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Phase engineering of nanomaterials provides a promising way to explore the phase-dependent physicochemical properties and various applications of nanomaterials. A general bottom-up synthesis method under mild conditions has always been challenging globally for the preparation of the semimetallic phase-transition-metal dichalcogenide (1T'-TMD) monolayers, which are pursued owing to their unique electrochemical property, unavailable in their semiconducting 2H phases. Here, we report the general scalable colloidal synthesis of nanosized 1T'-TMD monolayers, including 1T'-MoS2, 1T'-MoSe2, 1T'-WS2, and 1T'-WSe2, which are revealed to be of high phase purity. Moreover, the surfactant-reliant stacking-hinderable growth mechanism of 1T'-TMD nano-monolayers was unveiled through systematic experiments and theoretical calculations. As a proof-of-concept application, the 1T'-TMD nano-monolayers are used for electrocatalytic hydrogen production in an acidic medium. The 1T'-MoS2 nano-monolayers possess abundant in-plane electrocatalytic active sites and high conductivity, coupled with the contribution of the lattice strain, thus exhibiting excellent performance. Importantly, the catalyst shows impressive endurability in electroactivity. Our developed general scalable strategy could pave the way to extend the synthesis of other broad metastable semimetallic-phase TMDs, which offer great potential to explore novel crystal phase-dependent properties with wide application development for catalysis and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqing Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Kunkun Nie
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Xiaoyan Qu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xian Jiaotong University, Xian 710049, China
| | - Xinghua Li
- School of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Binjie Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Yanling Yuan
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Shaokun Chong
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Pei Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, P. R. China
| | - Yunguo Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology, USTC, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zongyou Yin
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Wei Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
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36
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Murai Y, Zhang S, Hotta T, Liu Z, Endo T, Shimizu H, Miyata Y, Irisawa T, Gao Y, Maruyama M, Okada S, Mogi H, Sato T, Yoshida S, Shigekawa H, Taniguchi T, Watanabe K, Canton-Vitoria R, Kitaura R. Versatile Post-Doping toward Two-Dimensional Semiconductors. ACS NANO 2021; 15:19225-19232. [PMID: 34843228 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c04584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a simple and straightforward way to realize controlled postdoping toward 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). The key idea is to use low-kinetic-energy dopant beams and a high-flux chalcogen beam simultaneously, leading to substitutional doping with controlled dopant densities. Atomic-resolution transmission electron microscopy has revealed that dopant atoms injected toward TMDs are incorporated substitutionally into the hexagonal framework of TMDs. The electronic properties of doped TMDs (Nb-doped WSe2) have shown drastic change and p-type action with more than 2 orders of magnitude increase in current. Position-selective doping has also been demonstrated by the postdoping toward TMDs with a patterned mask on the surface. The postdoping method developed in this work can be a versatile tool for 2D-based next-generation electronics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Murai
- Department of Chemistry, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
| | - Shaochun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
| | - Takato Hotta
- Department of Chemistry, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
| | - Zheng Liu
- Innovative Functional Materials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Nagoya, Aichi 463-8560, Japan
| | - Takahiko Endo
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shimizu
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Yasumitsu Miyata
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Irisawa
- Device Technology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Yanlin Gao
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8571, Japan
| | - Mina Maruyama
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8571, Japan
| | - Susumu Okada
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8571, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Mogi
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8571, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Sato
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8571, Japan
| | - Shoji Yoshida
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8571, Japan
| | - Hidemi Shigekawa
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8571, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | | | - Ryo Kitaura
- Department of Chemistry, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
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Singh AK, Kumbhakar P, Krishnamoorthy A, Nakano A, Sadasivuni KK, Vashishta P, Roy AK, Kochat V, Tiwary CS. Review of strategies toward the development of alloy two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides. iScience 2021; 24:103532. [PMID: 34917904 PMCID: PMC8666674 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Atomically thin two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have attracted significant attention owing to their prosperity in material research. The inimitable features of TMDCs triggered the emerging applications in diverse areas. In this review, we focus on the tailored and engineering of the crystal lattice of TMDCs that finally enhance the efficiency of the material properties. We highlight several preparation techniques and recent advancements in compositional engineering of TMDCs structure. We summarize different approaches for TMDCs such as doping and alloying with different materials, alloying with other 2D metals, and scrutinize the technological potential of these methods. Beyond that, we also highlight the recent significant advancement in preparing 2D quasicrystals and alloying the 2D TMDCs with MAX phases. Finally, we highlight the future perspectives for crystal engineering in TMDC materials for structure stability, machine learning concept marge with materials, and their emerging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Appu Kumar Singh
- Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Partha Kumbhakar
- Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Aravind Krishnamoorthy
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Aiichiro Nakano
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | | | - Priya Vashishta
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Ajit K. Roy
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433-7718, USA
| | - Vidya Kochat
- Materials Science Center, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Chandra Sekhar Tiwary
- Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
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38
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Seravalli L, Bosi M. A Review on Chemical Vapour Deposition of Two-Dimensional MoS 2 Flakes. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:7590. [PMID: 34947186 PMCID: PMC8704647 DOI: 10.3390/ma14247590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials such as graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides, and boron nitride have recently emerged as promising candidates for novel applications in sensing and for new electronic and photonic devices. Their exceptional mechanical, electronic, optical, and transport properties show peculiar differences from those of their bulk counterparts and may allow for future radical innovation breakthroughs in different applications. Control and reproducibility of synthesis are two essential, key factors required to drive the development of 2D materials, because their industrial application is directly linked to the development of a high-throughput and reliable technique to obtain 2D layers of different materials on large area substrates. Among various methods, chemical vapour deposition is considered an excellent candidate for this goal thanks to its simplicity, widespread use, and compatibility with other processes used to deposit other semiconductors. In this review, we explore the chemical vapour deposition of MoS2, considered one of the most promising and successful transition metal dichalcogenides. We summarize the basics of the synthesis procedure, discussing in depth: (i) the different substrates used for its deposition, (ii) precursors (solid, liquid, gaseous) available, and (iii) different types of promoters that favour the growth of two-dimensional layers. We also present a comprehensive analysis of the status of the research on the growth mechanisms of the flakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Seravalli
- IMEM-CNR, Parco Area delle Scienze 37A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Matteo Bosi
- IMEM-CNR, Parco Area delle Scienze 37A, 43124 Parma, Italy
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39
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Kim J, Seung H, Kang D, Kim J, Bae H, Park H, Kang S, Choi C, Choi BK, Kim JS, Hyeon T, Lee H, Kim DH, Shim S, Park J. Wafer-Scale Production of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides and Alloy Monolayers by Nanocrystal Conversion for Large-Scale Ultrathin Flexible Electronics. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:9153-9163. [PMID: 34677071 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c02991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) layers are unit-cell thick materials with tunable physical properties according to their size, morphology, and chemical composition. Their transition of lab-scale research to industrial-scale applications requires process development for the wafer-scale growth and scalable device fabrication. Herein, we report on a new type of atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD) process that utilizes colloidal nanoparticles as process-scalable precursors for the wafer-scale production of TMD monolayers. Facile uniform distribution of nanoparticle precursors on the entire substrate leads to the wafer-scale uniform synthesis of TMD monolayers with the controlled size and morphology. Composition-controlled TMD alloy monolayers with tunable bandgaps can be produced by simply mixing dual nanoparticle precursor solutions in the desired ratio. We also demonstrate the fabrication of ultrathin field-effect transistors and flexible electronics with uniformly controlled performance by using TMD monolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihoon Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyojin Seung
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dohun Kang
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Joodeok Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonhu Bae
- Department of Physics, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hayoung Park
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungsu Kang
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Changsoon Choi
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Back Kyu Choi
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Soo Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeghwan Hyeon
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoonkyung Lee
- Department of Physics, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hyeong Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangdeok Shim
- Department of Chemistry, Sunchon National University, Sunchon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungwon Park
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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40
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Kim JK, Cho K, Jang J, Baek KY, Kim J, Seo J, Song M, Shin J, Kim J, Parkin SSP, Lee JH, Kang K, Lee T. Molecular Dopant-Dependent Charge Transport in Surface-Charge-Transfer-Doped Tungsten Diselenide Field Effect Transistors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2101598. [PMID: 34533851 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202101598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The controllability of carrier density and major carrier type of transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDCs) is critical for electronic and optoelectronic device applications. To utilize doping in TMDC devices, it is important to understand the role of dopants in charge transport properties of TMDCs. Here, the effects of molecular doping on the charge transport properties of tungsten diselenide (WSe2 ) are investigated using three p-type molecular dopants, 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (F4 -TCNQ), tris(4-bromophenyl)ammoniumyl hexachloroantimonate (magic blue), and molybdenum tris(1,2-bis(trifluoromethyl)ethane-1,2-dithiolene) (Mo(tfd-COCF3 )3 ). The temperature-dependent transport measurements show that the dopant counterions on WSe2 surface can induce Coulomb scattering in WSe2 channel and the degree of scattering is significantly dependent on the dopant. Furthermore, the quantitative analysis revealed that the amount of charge transfer between WSe2 and dopants is related to not only doping density, but also the contribution of each dopant ion toward Coulomb scattering. The first-principles density functional theory calculations show that the amount of charge transfer is mainly determined by intrinsic properties of the dopant molecules such as relative frontier orbital positions and their spin configurations. The authors' systematic investigation of the charge transport of doped TMDCs will be directly relevant for pursuing molecular routes for efficient and controllable doping in TMDC nanoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Keun Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
- Max-Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Weinberg 2, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Kyungjune Cho
- Max-Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Weinberg 2, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Soft Hybrid Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Korea
| | - Juntae Jang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Kyeong-Yoon Baek
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Jehyun Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Junseok Seo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Minwoo Song
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Jiwon Shin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Jaeyoung Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Stuart S P Parkin
- Max-Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Weinberg 2, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jung-Hoon Lee
- Computational Science Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Korea
| | - Keehoon Kang
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Takhee Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
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41
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Yang X, Zhu Z, Luo F, Wang G, Peng G, Zhu M, Qin S. Strain-Induced Alternating Photoluminescence Segmentation in Hexagonal Monolayer Tungsten Disulfide Grown by Physical Vapor Deposition. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:46164-46170. [PMID: 34533939 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c13096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional semiconductors exhibit strong light emission under optical or electrical pumping due to quantum confinement and large exciton binding energies. The regulation of the light emission shows great application potential in next-generation optoelectronic devices. Herein, by the physical vapor deposition strategy, we synthesize monolayer hexagonal-shaped WS2, and its photoluminescence intensity mapping show three-fold symmetric patterns with alternating bright and dark regions. Regardless of the length of the edges, all domains with S-terminated edges show lower photoluminescence intensity, while all regions with W-terminated edges exhibit higher photoluminescence intensity. The photoluminescence segmentation mechanism is studied in detail by employing Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and Kelvin probe force microscopy, and it is found to originate from different strain distributions in the S-terminated region and the W-terminated region. The optical band gap determined by the photoluminescence in the dark region is ∼2 meV lower than that in the bright region, implying that more strain is stored in the S-terminated region than in the W-terminated region. The photoluminescence segmentation vanishes in transferred hexagonal-shaped WS2 from the initial substrate to a fresh silicon substrate, further confirming the physical mechanism. Our results provide guidance for tuning the optical properties of two-dimensional semiconductors by controllable strain engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies & Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Novel Nano-Optoelectronic Information Materials and Devices, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
| | - Zhihong Zhu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies & Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Novel Nano-Optoelectronic Information Materials and Devices, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
| | - Fang Luo
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies & Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Novel Nano-Optoelectronic Information Materials and Devices, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
| | - Guang Wang
- College of Liberal Arts and Sciences & Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Novel Nano-Optoelectronic Information Materials and Devices, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
| | - Gang Peng
- College of Liberal Arts and Sciences & Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Novel Nano-Optoelectronic Information Materials and Devices, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
| | - Mengjian Zhu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies & Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Novel Nano-Optoelectronic Information Materials and Devices, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
| | - Shiqiao Qin
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies & Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Novel Nano-Optoelectronic Information Materials and Devices, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
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42
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Zhang A, Liang Y, Zhang H, Geng Z, Zeng J. Doping regulation in transition metal compounds for electrocatalysis. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:9817-9844. [PMID: 34308950 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00330e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
In electrocatalysis, doping regulation has been considered as an effective method to modulate the active sites of catalysts, providing a powerful means for creating a large variety of highly efficient catalysts for various reactions. Of particular interest, there has been growing research concerning the doping of two-dimensional transition-metal compounds (TMCs) to optimize their electrocatalytic performance. Despite the previous achievements, mechanistic insights of doping regulation in TMCs for electrocatalysis are still lacking. Herein, we provide a systematic overview of doping regulation in TMCs in terms of background, preparation, impacts on physicochemical properties, and typical applications including the hydrogen evolution reaction, oxygen evolution reaction, oxygen reduction reaction, CO2 reduction reaction, and N2 reduction reaction. Notably, we bridge the understanding between the doping regulation of catalysts and their catalytic activities via focusing on the physicochemical properties of catalysts from the aspects of vacancy concentrations, phase transformation, surface wettability, electrical conductivity, electronic band structure, local charge distribution, tunable adsorption strength, and multiple adsorption configurations. We also discuss the existing challenges and future perspectives in this promising field.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China.
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43
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Li S, Hong J, Gao B, Lin Y, Lim HE, Lu X, Wu J, Liu S, Tateyama Y, Sakuma Y, Tsukagoshi K, Suenaga K, Taniguchi T. Tunable Doping of Rhenium and Vanadium into Transition Metal Dichalcogenides for Two-Dimensional Electronics. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2004438. [PMID: 34105285 PMCID: PMC8188190 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202004438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) with unique electrical properties are fascinating materials used for future electronics. However, the strong Fermi level pinning effect at the interface of TMDCs and metal electrodes always leads to high contact resistance, which seriously hinders their application in 2D electronics. One effective way to overcome this is to use metallic TMDCs or transferred metal electrodes as van der Waals (vdW) contacts. Alternatively, using highly conductive doped TMDCs will have a profound impact on the contact engineering of 2D electronics. Here, a novel chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using mixed molten salts is established for vapor-liquid-solid growth of high-quality rhenium (Re) and vanadium (V) doped TMDC monolayers with high controllability and reproducibility. A tunable semiconductor to metal transition is observed in the Re- and V-doped TMDCs. Electrical conductivity increases up to a factor of 108 in the degenerate V-doped WS2 and WSe2 . Using V-doped WSe2 as vdW contact, the on-state current and on/off ratio of WSe2 -based field-effect transistors have been substantially improved (from ≈10-8 to 10-5 A; ≈104 to 108 ), compared to metal contacts. Future studies on lateral contacts and interconnects using doped TMDCs will pave the way for 2D integrated circuits and flexible electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shisheng Li
- International Center for Young Scientists (ICYS)National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)Tsukuba305‐0044Japan
| | - Jinhua Hong
- Nanomaterials Research InstituteNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and TechnologyAIST Central 5Tsukuba305‐8564Japan
| | - Bo Gao
- Center for Green Research on Energy and Environmental Materials (GREEN)National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)Tsukuba305‐0044Japan
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI‐MANA)National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)Tsukuba305‐0044Japan
| | - Yung‐Chang Lin
- Nanomaterials Research InstituteNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and TechnologyAIST Central 5Tsukuba305‐8564Japan
| | - Hong En Lim
- Department of PhysicsTokyo Metropolitan UniversityHachioji192‐0397Japan
| | - Xueyi Lu
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI‐MANA)National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)Tsukuba305‐0044Japan
| | - Jing Wu
- Institute of Materials Research and EngineeringAgency for ScienceTechnology and ResearchSingapore138634Singapore
| | - Song Liu
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN)College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha410082P. R. China
| | - Yoshitaka Tateyama
- Center for Green Research on Energy and Environmental Materials (GREEN)National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)Tsukuba305‐0044Japan
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI‐MANA)National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)Tsukuba305‐0044Japan
| | - Yoshiki Sakuma
- Research Center for Functional MaterialsNational Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)Tsukuba305‐0044Japan
| | - Kazuhito Tsukagoshi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI‐MANA)National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)Tsukuba305‐0044Japan
| | - Kazu Suenaga
- Nanomaterials Research InstituteNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and TechnologyAIST Central 5Tsukuba305‐8564Japan
| | - Takaaki Taniguchi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI‐MANA)National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)Tsukuba305‐0044Japan
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Bunje H, Li Y, Liz-Marzán LM, Millstone JE, Nie G, Shmakov SN, Weiss PS. Putting the World Back Together and Announcing the 2021 ACS Nano Award Lecture Laureates. ACS NANO 2021; 15:7837-7839. [PMID: 34034424 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c04048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
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Yoo H, Heo K, Ansari MHR, Cho S. Recent Advances in Electrical Doping of 2D Semiconductor Materials: Methods, Analyses, and Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:832. [PMID: 33805062 PMCID: PMC8064109 DOI: 10.3390/nano11040832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional materials have garnered interest from the perspectives of physics, materials, and applied electronics owing to their outstanding physical and chemical properties. Advances in exfoliation and synthesis technologies have enabled preparation and electrical characterization of various atomically thin films of semiconductor transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). Their two-dimensional structures and electromagnetic spectra coupled to bandgaps in the visible region indicate their suitability for digital electronics and optoelectronics. To further expand the potential applications of these two-dimensional semiconductor materials, technologies capable of precisely controlling the electrical properties of the material are essential. Doping has been traditionally used to effectively change the electrical and electronic properties of materials through relatively simple processes. To change the electrical properties, substances that can donate or remove electrons are added. Doping of atomically thin two-dimensional semiconductor materials is similar to that used for silicon but has a slightly different mechanism. Three main methods with different characteristics and slightly different principles are generally used. This review presents an overview of various advanced doping techniques based on the substitutional, chemical, and charge transfer molecular doping strategies of graphene and TMDs, which are the representative 2D semiconductor materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hocheon Yoo
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdaero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Korea; (H.Y.); (M.H.R.A.)
- Graduate School of IT Convergence Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdaero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Korea
| | - Keun Heo
- Department of Semiconductor Science & Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Korea;
| | - Md. Hasan Raza Ansari
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdaero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Korea; (H.Y.); (M.H.R.A.)
- Graduate School of IT Convergence Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdaero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Korea
| | - Seongjae Cho
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdaero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Korea; (H.Y.); (M.H.R.A.)
- Graduate School of IT Convergence Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdaero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Korea
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Li Y, Dong H, Li L, Tang L, Tian R, Li R, Chen J, Xie Q, Jin Z, Xiao J, Xiao S, Zeng G. Recent advances in waste water treatment through transition metal sulfides-based advanced oxidation processes. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 192:116850. [PMID: 33513467 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.116850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
With the ever-growing water pollution issues, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have received growing attention due to their high efficiency in the removal of refractory organic pollutants. Transition metal sulfides (TMSs), with excellent optical, electrical, and catalytical performance, are of great interest as heterogeneous catalysts. These TMSs-based heterogeneous catalysts have been demonstrated to becapable and adaptable in water purification through advanced oxidation processes. The aim of this review is to conduct an exhaustive analysis and summary of recent progress in the application of TMSs-based AOPs for water decontamination. Firstly, the commonly used tuning strategies for TMSs-based catalysts are concisely introduced, including artificial size and shape control, composition control, doping, and heterostructure manufacturing. Then, a comprehensive overview of the current state-of-the-art progress on TMSs-based AOPs (i.e., Fenton-like oxidation, photocatalytic oxidation, and electro chemical oxidation processes) for wastewater treatment is discussed in detail, with an emphasis on their catalytic performance and involved mechanism. In addition, influencing factors of water chemistry, namely, pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, inorganic species, and natural organic matter on the catalytic performance of established AOPs are analyzed. Furthermore, the reusability and stability of TMSs-based catalysts in these AOPs are also outlined. Finally, current challenges and future perspectives related to TMSs-based catalysts and their applications for AOPs wastewater treatment are proposed. It is expected that this review would shed some light on the future development of TMSs-based AOPs towards water purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangju Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Haoran Dong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China.
| | - Long Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Lin Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Ran Tian
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Rui Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Jie Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Qianqian Xie
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Zilan Jin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Junyang Xiao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Shuangjie Xiao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
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Fali A, Zhang T, Terry JP, Kahn E, Fujisawa K, Kabius B, Koirala S, Ghafouri Y, Zhou D, Song W, Yang L, Terrones M, Abate Y. Photodegradation Protection in 2D In-Plane Heterostructures Revealed by Hyperspectral Nanoimaging: The Role of Nanointerface 2D Alloys. ACS NANO 2021; 15:2447-2457. [PMID: 33464036 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c06148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Single-layer heterostructures exhibit striking quasiparticle properties and many-body interaction effects that hold promise for a range of applications. However, their properties can be altered by intrinsic and extrinsic defects, thus diminishing their applicability. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to identify defects and understand 2D materials' degradation over time using advanced multimodal imaging techniques. Here we implemented a liquid-phase precursor approach to synthesize 2D in-plane MoS2-WS2 heterostructures exhibiting nanoscale alloyed interfaces and map exotic interface effects during photodegradation using a combination of hyperspectral tip-enhanced photoluminescence and Raman and near-field nanoscopy. Surprisingly, 2D alloyed regions exhibit thermal and photodegradation stability providing protection against oxidation. Coupled with surface and interface strain, 2D alloy regions create stable localized potential wells that concentrate excitonic species via a charge carrier funneling effect. These results demonstrate that 2D alloys can withstand extreme degradation effects over time and could enable stable 2D device engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Fali
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Jason Patrick Terry
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Ethan Kahn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Kazunori Fujisawa
- Department of Physics and Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Bernd Kabius
- Department of Physics and Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Sandhaya Koirala
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Yassamin Ghafouri
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Da Zhou
- Department of Physics and Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Wenshen Song
- Department of Physics and Institute of Materials Science & Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Physics and Institute of Materials Science & Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Mauricio Terrones
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department of Physics and Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Yohannes Abate
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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Kozhakhmetov A, Schuler B, Tan AMZ, Cochrane KA, Nasr JR, El-Sherif H, Bansal A, Vera A, Bojan V, Redwing JM, Bassim N, Das S, Hennig RG, Weber-Bargioni A, Robinson JA. Scalable Substitutional Re-Doping and its Impact on the Optical and Electronic Properties of Tungsten Diselenide. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2005159. [PMID: 33169451 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202005159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Reliable, controlled doping of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides will enable the realization of next-generation electronic, logic-memory, and magnetic devices based on these materials. However, to date, accurate control over dopant concentration and scalability of the process remains a challenge. Here, a systematic study of scalable in situ doping of fully coalesced 2D WSe2 films with Re atoms via metal-organic chemical vapor deposition is reported. Dopant concentrations are uniformly distributed over the substrate surface, with precisely controlled concentrations down to <0.001% Re achieved by tuning the precursor partial pressure. Moreover, the impact of doping on morphological, chemical, optical, and electronic properties of WSe2 is elucidated with detailed experimental and theoretical examinations, confirming that the substitutional doping of Re at the W site leads to n-type behavior of WSe2 . Transport characteristics of fabricated back-gated field-effect-transistors are directly correlated to the dopant concentration, with degrading device performances for doping concentrations exceeding 1% of Re. The study demonstrates a viable approach to introducing true dopant-level impurities with high precision, which can be scaled up to batch production for applications beyond digital electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azimkhan Kozhakhmetov
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Bruno Schuler
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- nanotech@surfaces Laboratory, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, 8600, Switzerland
| | - Anne Marie Z Tan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Katherine A Cochrane
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Joseph R Nasr
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Hesham El-Sherif
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Anushka Bansal
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Alex Vera
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Vincent Bojan
- Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Joan M Redwing
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Two-Dimensional Crystal Consortium, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Nabil Bassim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Saptarshi Das
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Richard G Hennig
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | | | - Joshua A Robinson
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Two-Dimensional Crystal Consortium, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Center for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
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Zhang L, Wang G, Zhang Y, Cao Z, Wang Y, Cao T, Wang C, Cheng B, Zhang W, Wan X, Lin J, Liang SJ, Miao F. Tuning Electrical Conductance in Bilayer MoS 2 through Defect-Mediated Interlayer Chemical Bonding. ACS NANO 2020; 14:10265-10275. [PMID: 32649178 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c03665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Interlayer interaction could substantially affect the electrical transport in transition metal dichalcogenides, serving as an effective way to control the device performance. However, it is still challenging to utilize interlayer interaction in weakly interlayer-coupled materials such as pristine MoS2 to realize layer-dependent tunable transport behavior. Here, we demonstrate that, by substitutional doping of vanadium atoms in the Mo sites of the MoS2 lattice, the vanadium-doped monolayer MoS2 device exhibits an ambipolar field effect characteristic, while its bilayer device demonstrates a heavy p-type field effect feature, in sharp contrast to the pristine monolayer and bilayer MoS2 devices, both of which show similar n-type electrical transport behaviors. Moreover, the electrical conductance of the doped bilayer MoS2 device is drastically enhanced with respect to that of the doped monolayer MoS2 device. Employing first-principle calculations, we reveal that such striking behaviors arise from the presence of electrical transport networks associated with the enhanced interlayer hybridization of S-3pz orbitals between adjacent layers activated by vanadium dopants in the bilayer MoS2, which is nevertheless absent in its monolayer counterpart. Our work highlights that the effect of dopant not only is confined in the in-plane electrical transport behavior but also could be used to activate out-of-plane interaction between adjacent layers in tailoring the electrical transport of the bilayer transitional metal dichalcogenides, which may bring different applications in electronic and optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093,China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yubo Zhang
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhipeng Cao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093,China
| | - Yu Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093,China
| | - Tianjun Cao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093,China
| | - Cong Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093,China
| | - Bin Cheng
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093,China
| | - Wenqing Zhang
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Quantum Functional Materials and Devices, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiangang Wan
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093,China
| | - Junhao Lin
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Quantum Functional Materials and Devices, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shi-Jun Liang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093,China
| | - Feng Miao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093,China
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