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Ravichandar R, Gadelkarim F, Muthaiah R, Glynos N, Murlanova K, Rai NK, Saraswat D, Polanco JJ, Dutta R, Pal D, Sim FJ. Dysregulated Cholinergic Signaling Inhibits Oligodendrocyte Maturation Following Demyelination. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e0051242024. [PMID: 38749703 PMCID: PMC11236584 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0051-24.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) recruitment and oligodendrocyte differentiation contribute to failure of remyelination in human demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Deletion of muscarinic receptor enhances OPC differentiation and remyelination. However, the role of ligand-dependent signaling versus constitutive receptor activation is unknown. We hypothesized that dysregulated acetylcholine (ACh) release upon demyelination contributes to ligand-mediated activation hindering myelin repair. Following chronic cuprizone (CPZ)-induced demyelination (male and female mice), we observed a 2.5-fold increase in ACh concentration. This increase in ACh concentration could be attributed to increased ACh synthesis or decreased acetylcholinesterase-/butyrylcholinesterase (BChE)-mediated degradation. Using choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) reporter mice, we identified increased ChAT-GFP expression following both lysolecithin and CPZ demyelination. ChAT-GFP expression was upregulated in a subset of injured and uninjured axons following intraspinal lysolecithin-induced demyelination. In CPZ-demyelinated corpus callosum, ChAT-GFP was observed in Gfap+ astrocytes and axons indicating the potential for neuronal and astrocytic ACh release. BChE expression was significantly decreased in the corpus callosum following CPZ demyelination. This decrease was due to the loss of myelinating oligodendrocytes which were the primary source of BChE. To determine the role of ligand-mediated muscarinic signaling following lysolecithin injection, we administered neostigmine, a cholinesterase inhibitor, to artificially raise ACh. We identified a dose-dependent decrease in mature oligodendrocyte density with no effect on OPC recruitment. Together, these results support a functional role of ligand-mediated activation of muscarinic receptors following demyelination and suggest that dysregulation of ACh homeostasis directly contributes to failure of remyelination in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roopa Ravichandar
- Neuroscience Program, Jacob's School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14203
| | - Farah Gadelkarim
- Neuroscience Program, Jacob's School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14203
| | - Rupadevi Muthaiah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacob's School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14203
| | - Nicolas Glynos
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Kateryna Murlanova
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Jacob's School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14203
| | - Nagendra K Rai
- Department of Neuroscience, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Darpan Saraswat
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacob's School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14203
| | - Jessie J Polanco
- Neuroscience Program, Jacob's School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14203
| | - Ranjan Dutta
- Department of Neuroscience, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Dinesh Pal
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Fraser J Sim
- Neuroscience Program, Jacob's School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14203
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacob's School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14203
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2
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Xu K, Yang Y, Ding J, Wang J, Fang Y, Tian H. Spatially Precise Genetic Engineering at the Electrode-Tissue Interface. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2401327. [PMID: 38692704 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202401327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
The interface between electrodes and neural tissues plays a pivotal role in determining the efficacy and fidelity of neural activity recording and modulation. While considerable efforts have been made to improve the electrode-tissue interface, the majority of studies have primarily concentrated on the development of biocompatible neural electrodes through abiotic materials and structural engineering. In this study, an approach is presented that seamlessly integrates abiotic and biotic engineering principles into the electrode-tissue interface. Specifically, ultraflexible neural electrodes with short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) designed to silence the expression of endogenous genes within neural tissues are combined. The system facilitates shRNA-mediated knockdown of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) and polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (PTBP1), two essential genes associated in neural survival/growth and neurogenesis, within specific cell populations located at the electrode-tissue interface. Additionally, it is demonstrated that the downregulation of PTEN in neurons can result in an enlargement of neuronal cell bodies at the electrode-tissue interface. Furthermore, the system enables long-term monitoring of neuronal activities following PTEN knockdown in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease and traumatic brain injury. The system provides a versatile approach for genetically engineering the electrode-tissue interface with unparalleled precision, paving the way for the development of regenerative electronics and next-generation brain-machine interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yinan Yang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jianfei Ding
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jinfen Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Ying Fang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Huihui Tian
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, 102206, China
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Wu B, Castagnola E, McClung CA, Cui XT. PEDOT/CNT Flexible MEAs Reveal New Insights into the Clock Gene's Role in Dopamine Dynamics. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2308212. [PMID: 38430532 PMCID: PMC11251561 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/04/2024]
Abstract
Substantial evidence has shown that the Circadian Locomotor Output Cycles Kaput (Clock) gene is a core transcription factor of circadian rhythms that regulates dopamine (DA) synthesis. To shed light on the mechanism of this interaction, flexible multielectrode arrays (MEAs) are developed that can measure both DA concentrations and electrophysiology chronically. The dual functionality is enabled by conducting polymer PEDOT doped with acid-functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNT). The PEDOT/CNT microelectrode coating maintained stable electrochemical impedance and DA detection by square wave voltammetry for 4 weeks in vitro. When implanted in wild-type (WT) and Clock mutation (MU) mice, MEAs measured tonic DA concentration and extracellular neural activity with high spatial and temporal resolution for 4 weeks. A diurnal change of DA concentration in WT is observed, but not in MU, and a higher basal DA concentration and stronger cocaine-induced DA increase in MU. Meanwhile, striatal neuronal firing rate is found to be positively correlated with DA concentration in both animal groups. These findings offer new insights into DA dynamics in the context of circadian rhythm regulation, and the chronically reliable performance and dual measurement capability of this technology hold great potential for a broad range of neuroscience research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingchen Wu
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA15213USA
- Center for the Neural Basis of CognitionPittsburghPA15213USA
| | - Elisa Castagnola
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA15213USA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringLouisiana Tech UniversityRustonLA71272USA
| | | | - Xinyan Tracy Cui
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA15213USA
- Center for the Neural Basis of CognitionPittsburghPA15213USA
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative MedicinePittsburghPA15219USA
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Iyer RR, Applegate CC, Arogundade OH, Bangru S, Berg IC, Emon B, Porras-Gomez M, Hsieh PH, Jeong Y, Kim Y, Knox HJ, Moghaddam AO, Renteria CA, Richard C, Santaliz-Casiano A, Sengupta S, Wang J, Zambuto SG, Zeballos MA, Pool M, Bhargava R, Gaskins HR. Inspiring a convergent engineering approach to measure and model the tissue microenvironment. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32546. [PMID: 38975228 PMCID: PMC11226808 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the molecular and physical complexity of the tissue microenvironment (TiME) in the context of its spatiotemporal organization has remained an enduring challenge. Recent advances in engineering and data science are now promising the ability to study the structure, functions, and dynamics of the TiME in unprecedented detail; however, many advances still occur in silos that rarely integrate information to study the TiME in its full detail. This review provides an integrative overview of the engineering principles underlying chemical, optical, electrical, mechanical, and computational science to probe, sense, model, and fabricate the TiME. In individual sections, we first summarize the underlying principles, capabilities, and scope of emerging technologies, the breakthrough discoveries enabled by each technology and recent, promising innovations. We provide perspectives on the potential of these advances in answering critical questions about the TiME and its role in various disease and developmental processes. Finally, we present an integrative view that appreciates the major scientific and educational aspects in the study of the TiME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishyashring R. Iyer
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Catherine C. Applegate
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Opeyemi H. Arogundade
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Sushant Bangru
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Ian C. Berg
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Bashar Emon
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Marilyn Porras-Gomez
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Pei-Hsuan Hsieh
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Yoon Jeong
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Yongdeok Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Hailey J. Knox
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Amir Ostadi Moghaddam
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Carlos A. Renteria
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Craig Richard
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Ashlie Santaliz-Casiano
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Sourya Sengupta
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Jason Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Samantha G. Zambuto
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Maria A. Zeballos
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Marcia Pool
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Rohit Bhargava
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- NIH/NIBIB P41 Center for Label-free Imaging and Multiscale Biophotonics (CLIMB), University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - H. Rex Gaskins
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
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5
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Li F, Gallego J, Tirko NN, Greaser J, Bashe D, Patel R, Shaker E, Van Valkenburg GE, Alsubhi AS, Wellman S, Singh V, Padilla CG, Gheres KW, Broussard JI, Bagwell R, Mulvihill M, Kozai TDY. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulation (LIPUS) modulates microglial activation following intracortical microelectrode implantation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5512. [PMID: 38951525 PMCID: PMC11217463 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49709-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Microglia are important players in surveillance and repair of the brain. Implanting an electrode into the cortex activates microglia, produces an inflammatory cascade, triggers the foreign body response, and opens the blood-brain barrier. These changes can impede intracortical brain-computer interfaces performance. Using two-photon imaging of implanted microelectrodes, we test the hypothesis that low-intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulation can reduce microglia-mediated neuroinflammation following the implantation of microelectrodes. In the first week of treatment, we found that low-intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulation increased microglia migration speed by 128%, enhanced microglia expansion area by 109%, and a reduction in microglial activation by 17%, indicating improved tissue healing and surveillance. Microglial coverage of the microelectrode was reduced by 50% and astrocytic scarring by 36% resulting in an increase in recording performance at chronic time. The data indicate that low-intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulation helps reduce the foreign body response around chronic intracortical microelectrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Neural Basis of Cognition, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Computational Modeling and Simulation PhD Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jazlyn Gallego
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Neural Basis of Cognition, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Natasha N Tirko
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | | | - Derek Bashe
- Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Rudra Patel
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Eric Shaker
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Vanshika Singh
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Camila Garcia Padilla
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Neural Basis of Cognition, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Takashi D Y Kozai
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Center for Neural Basis of Cognition, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- NeuroTech Center, University of Pittsburgh Brain Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Malekoshoaraie MH, Wu B, Krahe DD, Ahmed Z, Pupa S, Jain V, Cui XT, Chamanzar M. Fully flexible implantable neural probes for electrophysiology recording and controlled neurochemical modulation. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2024; 10:91. [PMID: 38947533 PMCID: PMC11211464 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-024-00685-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Targeted delivery of neurochemicals and biomolecules for neuromodulation of brain activity is a powerful technique that, in addition to electrical recording and stimulation, enables a more thorough investigation of neural circuit dynamics. We have designed a novel, flexible, implantable neural probe capable of controlled, localized chemical stimulation and electrophysiology recording. The neural probe was implemented using planar micromachining processes on Parylene C, a mechanically flexible, biocompatible substrate. The probe shank features two large microelectrodes (chemical sites) for drug loading and sixteen small microelectrodes for electrophysiology recording to monitor neuronal response to drug release. To reduce the impedance while keeping the size of the microelectrodes small, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) was electrochemically coated on recording microelectrodes. In addition, PEDOT doped with mesoporous sulfonated silica nanoparticles (SNPs) was used on chemical sites to achieve controlled, electrically-actuated drug loading and releasing. Different neurotransmitters, including glutamate (Glu) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), were incorporated into the SNPs and electrically triggered to release repeatedly. An in vitro experiment was conducted to quantify the stimulated release profile by applying a sinusoidal voltage (0.5 V, 2 Hz). The flexible neural probe was implanted in the barrel cortex of the wild-type Sprague Dawley rats. As expected, due to their excitatory and inhibitory effects, Glu and GABA release caused a significant increase and decrease in neural activity, respectively, which was recorded by the recording microelectrodes. This novel flexible neural probe technology, combining on-demand chemical release and high-resolution electrophysiology recording, is an important addition to the neuroscience toolset used to dissect neural circuitry and investigate neural network connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bingchen Wu
- Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA
- Center for Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh and Carnegie Mellon University, Pittburgh, 15213 USA
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15219 USA
| | - Daniela D. Krahe
- Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA
| | - Zabir Ahmed
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | - Stephen Pupa
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | - Vishal Jain
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | - Xinyan Tracy Cui
- Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA
- Center for Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh and Carnegie Mellon University, Pittburgh, 15213 USA
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15219 USA
| | - Maysamreza Chamanzar
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
- Carnegie Mellon Neuroscience Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, 15213 USA
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Kelly AR, Glover DJ. Information Transmission through Biotic-Abiotic Interfaces to Restore or Enhance Human Function. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:3605-3628. [PMID: 38729914 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Advancements in reliable information transfer across biotic-abiotic interfaces have enabled the restoration of lost human function. For example, communication between neuronal cells and electrical devices restores the ability to walk to a tetraplegic patient and vision to patients blinded by retinal disease. These impactful medical achievements are aided by tailored biotic-abiotic interfaces that maximize information transfer fidelity by considering the physical properties of the underlying biological and synthetic components. This Review develops a modular framework to define and describe the engineering of biotic and abiotic components as well as the design of interfaces to facilitate biotic-abiotic information transfer using light or electricity. Delineating the properties of the biotic, interface, and abiotic components that enable communication can serve as a guide for future research in this highly interdisciplinary field. Application of synthetic biology to engineer light-sensitive proteins has facilitated the control of neural signaling and the restoration of rudimentary vision after retinal blindness. Electrophysiological methodologies that use brain-computer interfaces and stimulating implants to bypass spinal column injuries have led to the rehabilitation of limb movement and walking ability. Cellular interfacing methodologies and on-chip learning capability have been made possible by organic transistors that mimic the information processing capacity of neurons. The collaboration of molecular biologists, material scientists, and electrical engineers in the emerging field of biotic-abiotic interfacing will lead to the development of prosthetics capable of responding to thought and experiencing touch sensation via direct integration into the human nervous system. Further interdisciplinary research will improve electrical and optical interfacing technologies for the restoration of vision, offering greater visual acuity and potentially color vision in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander R Kelly
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Dominic J Glover
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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Wellman S, Forrest AM, Douglas MM, Subbaraman A, Zhang G, Kozai TDY. Dynamic changes in structure and function of brain mural cells around chronically implanted microelectrodes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.11.598494. [PMID: 38915601 PMCID: PMC11195141 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.11.598494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Integration of neural interfaces with minimal tissue disruption in the brain is ideal to develop robust tools that can address essential neuroscience questions and combat neurological disorders. However, implantation of intracortical devices provokes severe tissue inflammation within the brain, which requires a high metabolic demand to support a complex series of cellular events mediating tissue degeneration and wound healing. Pericytes, peri-vascular cells involved in blood-brain barrier maintenance, vascular permeability, waste clearance, and angiogenesis, have recently been implicated as potential perpetuators of neurodegeneration in brain injury and disease. While the intimate relationship between pericytes and the cortical microvasculature have been explored in other disease states, their behavior following microelectrode implantation, which is responsible for direct blood vessel disruption and dysfunction, is currently unknown. Using two-photon microscopy we observed dynamic changes in the structure and function of pericytes during implantation of a microelectrode array over a 4-week implantation period. Pericytes respond to electrode insertion through transient increases in intracellular calcium and underlying constriction of capillary vessels. Within days following the initial insertion, we observed an influx of new, proliferating pericytes which contribute to new blood vessel formation. Additionally, we discovered a potentially novel population of reactive immune cells in close proximity to the electrode-tissue interface actively engaging in encapsulation of the microelectrode array. Finally, we determined that intracellular pericyte calcium can be modulated by intracortical microstimulation in an amplitude- and frequency-dependent manner. This study provides a new perspective on the complex biological sequelae occurring the electrode-tissue interface and will foster new avenues of potential research consideration and lead to development of more advanced therapeutic interventions towards improving the biocompatibility of neural electrode technology.
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Wan Y, Wang C, Zhang B, Liu Y, Yang H, Liu F, Xu J, Xu S. Biocompatible Electrical and Optical Interfaces for Implantable Sensors and Devices. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:3799. [PMID: 38931581 PMCID: PMC11207811 DOI: 10.3390/s24123799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Implantable bioelectronics hold tremendous potential in the field of healthcare, yet the performance of these systems heavily relies on the interfaces between artificial machines and living tissues. In this paper, we discuss the recent developments of tethered interfaces, as well as those of non-tethered interfaces. Among them, systems that study neural activity receive significant attention due to their innovative developments and high relevance in contemporary research, but other functional types of interface systems are also explored to provide a comprehensive overview of the field. We also analyze the key considerations, including perforation site selection, fixing strategies, long-term retention, and wireless communication, highlighting the challenges and opportunities with stable, effective, and biocompatible interfaces. Furthermore, we propose a primitive model of biocompatible electrical and optical interfaces for implantable systems, which simultaneously possesses biocompatibility, stability, and convenience. Finally, we point out the future directions of interfacing strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Wan
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Caiyi Wang
- School of Integrated Circuits, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China (J.X.)
| | - Bingao Zhang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yixuan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Neuroscience Research Institute, Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ministry of Education and National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China (F.L.)
| | - Hailong Yang
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Neuroscience Research Institute, Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ministry of Education and National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China (F.L.)
| | - Fengyu Liu
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Neuroscience Research Institute, Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ministry of Education and National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China (F.L.)
| | - Jingjing Xu
- School of Integrated Circuits, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China (J.X.)
| | - Shengyong Xu
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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10
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Villarini NA, Robins N, Ou Y. Fabrication and Optimization of a Molecularly Imprinted Carbon Fiber Microelectrode for Selective Detection of Met-enkephalin Using Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:29728-29736. [PMID: 38804619 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c03093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Methionine-enkephalin (Met-Enk) is an endogenous opioid peptide that is involved in various physiological processes including memory. A technological gap in the understanding of Met-Enk's role in memory is the lack of rapid measurement tools to selectively quantify Met-Enk concentrations in situ. Here, we integrate molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) with carbon fiber microelectrodes (CFMs) to selectively detect Met-Enk by using fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV). We report two MIP conditions that yield 2-fold and 5-fold higher selectivity toward Met-Enk than the tyrosine-containing hexapeptide fragment angiotensin II (3-8). We demonstrate that MIP technology can be combined with FSCV at CFMs to create rapid and selective sensors for Met-Enk. This technology is a promising platform for creating selective sensors for other peptides and biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A Villarini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, 82 University Place, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States
| | - Nathan Robins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, 82 University Place, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States
| | - Yangguang Ou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, 82 University Place, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States
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11
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Dhawan V, Martin PN, Hu X, Cui XT. Investigation of a chondroitin sulfate-based bioactive coating for neural interface applications. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:5535-5550. [PMID: 38747002 PMCID: PMC11152038 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00501e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Invasive neural implants allow for high-resolution bidirectional communication with the nervous tissue and have demonstrated the ability to record neural activity, stimulate neurons, and sense neurochemical species with high spatial selectivity and resolution. However, upon implantation, they are exposed to a foreign body response which can disrupt the seamless integration of the device with the native tissue and lead to deterioration in device functionality for chronic implantation. Modifying the device surface by incorporating bioactive coatings has been a promising approach to camouflage the device and improve integration while maintaining device performance. In this work, we explored the novel application of a chondroitin sulfate (CS) based hydrophilic coating, with anti-fouling and neurite-growth promoting properties for neural recording electrodes. CS-coated samples exhibited significantly reduced protein-fouling in vitro which was maintained for up to 4-weeks. Cell culture studies revealed a significant increase in neurite attachment and outgrowth and a significant decrease in microglia attachment and activation for the CS group as compared to the control. After 1-week of in vivo implantation in the mouse cortex, the coated probes demonstrated significantly lower biofouling as compared to uncoated controls. Like the in vitro results, increased neuronal population (neuronal nuclei and neurofilament) and decreased microglial activation were observed. To assess the coating's effect on the recording performance of silicon microelectrodes, we implanted coated and uncoated electrodes in the mouse striatum for 1 week and performed impedance and recording measurements. We observed significantly lower impedance in the coated group, likely due to the increased wettability of the coated surface. The peak-to-peak amplitude and the noise floor levels were both lower in the CS group compared to the controls, which led to a comparable signal-to-noise ratio between the two groups. The overall single unit yield (% channels recording a single unit) was 74% for the CS and 67% for the control group on day 1. Taken together, this study demonstrates the effectiveness of the polysaccharide-based coating in reducing biofouling and improving biocompatibility for neural electrode devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishnavi Dhawan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Center for Neural Basis of Cognition, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Paige Nicole Martin
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Xiaoming Hu
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Xinyan Tracy Cui
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Center for Neural Basis of Cognition, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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12
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Hou JF, Nayeem MOG, Caplan KA, Ruesch EA, Caban-Murillo A, Criado-Hidalgo E, Ornellas SB, Williams B, Pearce AA, Dagdeviren HE, Surets M, White JA, Shapiro MG, Wang F, Ramirez S, Dagdeviren C. An implantable piezoelectric ultrasound stimulator (ImPULS) for deep brain activation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4601. [PMID: 38834558 PMCID: PMC11150473 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48748-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Precise neurostimulation can revolutionize therapies for neurological disorders. Electrode-based stimulation devices face challenges in achieving precise and consistent targeting due to the immune response and the limited penetration of electrical fields. Ultrasound can aid in energy propagation, but transcranial ultrasound stimulation in the deep brain has limited spatial resolution caused by bone and tissue scattering. Here, we report an implantable piezoelectric ultrasound stimulator (ImPULS) that generates an ultrasonic focal pressure of 100 kPa to modulate the activity of neurons. ImPULS is a fully-encapsulated, flexible piezoelectric micromachined ultrasound transducer that incorporates a biocompatible piezoceramic, potassium sodium niobate [(K,Na)NbO3]. The absence of electrochemically active elements poses a new strategy for achieving long-term stability. We demonstrated that ImPULS can i) excite neurons in a mouse hippocampal slice ex vivo, ii) activate cells in the hippocampus of an anesthetized mouse to induce expression of activity-dependent gene c-Fos, and iii) stimulate dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta to elicit time-locked modulation of nigrostriatal dopamine release. This work introduces a non-genetic ultrasound platform for spatially-localized neural stimulation and exploration of basic functions in the deep brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason F Hou
- Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | | | - Kian A Caplan
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Evan A Ruesch
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, The Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, 02215, MA, USA
| | - Albit Caban-Murillo
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, The Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, 02215, MA, USA
| | - Ernesto Criado-Hidalgo
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Sarah B Ornellas
- Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Brandon Williams
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Neurophotonics Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 610 Commonwealth Ave., Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Ayeilla A Pearce
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Huseyin E Dagdeviren
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, 34093, Turkey
| | - Michelle Surets
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, The Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, 02215, MA, USA
| | - John A White
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Neurophotonics Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 610 Commonwealth Ave., Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Mikhail G Shapiro
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Steve Ramirez
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, The Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, 02215, MA, USA
| | - Canan Dagdeviren
- Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
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13
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Du Z, Chen G, Li Y, Zheng N, Cheng JX, Yang C. Photoacoustic: A Versatile Nongenetic Method for High-Precision Neuromodulation. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:1595-1607. [PMID: 38759211 PMCID: PMC11154953 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.4c00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
High-precision neuromodulation plays a pivotal role in elucidating fundamental principles of neuroscience and treating specific neurological disorders. Optical neuromodulation, enabled by spatial resolution defined by the diffraction limit at the submicrometer scale, is a general strategy to achieve such precision. Optogenetics offers single-neuron spatial resolution with cellular specificity, whereas the requirement of genetic transfection hinders its clinical application. Direct photothermal modulation, an alternative nongenetic optical approach, often associates a large temperature increase with the risk of thermal damage to surrounding tissues.Photoacoustic (also called optoacoustic) neural stimulation is an emerging technology for neural stimulation with the following key features demonstrated. First, the photoacoustic approach demonstrated high efficacy without the need for genetic modification. The generated pulsed ultrasound upon ns laser pulses with energy ranging from a few μJ to tens of μJ is sufficient to activate wild-type neurons. Second, the photoacoustic approach provides sub-100-μm spatial precision. It overcomes the fundamental wave diffraction limit of ultrasound by harnessing the localized ultrasound field generated through light absorption. A spatial precision of 400 μm has been achieved in rodent brains using a fiber-based photoacoustic emitter. Single-cell stimulation in neuronal cultures in vitro and in brain slices ex vivo is achieved using tapered fiber-based photoacoustic emitters. This precision is 10 to 100 times better than that for piezo-based low-frequency ultrasound and is essential to pinpoint a specific region or cell population in a living brain. Third, compared to direct photothermal stimulation via temperature increase, photoacoustic stimulation requires 40 times less laser energy dose to evoke neuron activities and is associated with a minimal temperature increase of less than 1 °C, preventing potential thermal damage to neurons. Fourth, photoacoustics is a versatile approach and can be designed in various platforms aiming at specific applications. Our team has shown the design of fiber-based photoacoustic emitters, photoacoustic nanotransducers, soft biocompatible photoacoustic films, and soft photoacoustic lenses. Since they interact with neurons through ultrasound without the need for direct contact, photoacoustic enables noninvasive transcranial and dura-penetrating brain stimulation without compromising high precision.In this Account, we will first review the basic principles of photoacoustic and discuss the key design elements of PA transducers for neural modulation guided by the principle. We will also highlight how these design goals were achieved from a materials chemistry perspective. The design of different PA interfaces, their unique capability, and their applications in neural systems will be reviewed. In the end, we will discuss the remaining challenges and future perspectives for this technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyi Du
- Department
of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Guo Chen
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Yueming Li
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Nan Zheng
- Division
of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston
University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Ji-Xin Cheng
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Chen Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
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14
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Sun P, Li C, Yang C, Sun M, Hou H, Guan Y, Chen J, Liu S, Chen K, Ma Y, Huang Y, Li X, Wang H, Wang L, Chen S, Cheng H, Xiong W, Sheng X, Zhang M, Peng J, Wang S, Wang Y, Yin L. A biodegradable and flexible neural interface for transdermal optoelectronic modulation and regeneration of peripheral nerves. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4721. [PMID: 38830884 PMCID: PMC11148186 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49166-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Optoelectronic neural interfaces can leverage the photovoltaic effect to convert light into electrical current, inducing charge redistribution and enabling nerve stimulation. This method offers a non-genetic and remote approach for neuromodulation. Developing biodegradable and efficient optoelectronic neural interfaces is important for achieving transdermal stimulation while minimizing infection risks associated with device retrieval, thereby maximizing therapeutic outcomes. We propose a biodegradable, flexible, and miniaturized silicon-based neural interface capable of transdermal optoelectronic stimulation for neural modulation and nerve regeneration. Enhancing the device interface with thin-film molybdenum significantly improves the efficacy of neural stimulation. Our study demonstrates successful activation of the sciatic nerve in rodents and the facial nerve in rabbits. Moreover, transdermal optoelectronic stimulation accelerates the functional recovery of injured facial nerves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Chaochao Li
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and Injuries PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, P. R. China
| | - Can Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Mengchun Sun
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and Injuries PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, P. R. China
| | - Hanqing Hou
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yanjun Guan
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and Injuries PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, P. R. China
| | - Jinger Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Shangbin Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Kuntao Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Ma
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yunxiang Huang
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - Xiangling Li
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and Injuries PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, P. R. China
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, P. R. China
| | - Huachun Wang
- School of Integrated Circuits, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, P. R. China
| | - Liu Wang
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Shengfeng Chen
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and Injuries PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, P. R. China
| | - Haofeng Cheng
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and Injuries PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, P. R. China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, 102206, P. R. China
| | - Xing Sheng
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
- Institute for Precision Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Milin Zhang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Peng
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and Injuries PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, P. R. China
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226007, P. R. China
| | - Shirong Wang
- MegaRobo Technologies Co. ltd, Beijing, 100085, P. R. China.
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and Injuries PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, P. R. China.
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226007, P. R. China.
| | - Lan Yin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China.
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15
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Rienmuller T, Shrestha N, Polz M, Stoppacher S, Ziesel D, Migliaccio L, Pelzmann B, Lang P, Zorn-Pauly K, Langthaler S, Opancar A, Baumgartner C, Ucal M, Schindl R, Derek V, Scheruebel S. Shedding Light on Cardiac Excitation: In Vitro and In Silico Analysis of Native Ca 2+ Channel Activation in Guinea Pig Cardiomyocytes Using Organic Photovoltaic Devices. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2024; 71:1980-1992. [PMID: 38498749 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2024.3358240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore the potential of organic electrolytic photocapacitors (OEPCs), an innovative photovoltaic device, in mediating the activation of native voltage-gated Cav1.2 channels (ICa,L) in Guinea pig ventricular cardiomyocytes. METHODS Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings were employed to examine light-triggered OEPC mediated ICa,L activation, integrating the channel's kinetic properties into a multicompartment cell model to take intracellular ion concentrations into account. A multidomain model was additionally incorporated to evaluate effects of OEPC-mediated stimulation. The final model combines external stimulation, multicompartmental cell simulation, and a patch-clamp amplifier equivalent circuit to assess the impact on achievable intracellular voltage changes. RESULTS Light pulses activated ICa,L, with amplitudes similar to voltage-clamp activation and high sensitivity to the L-type Ca2+ channel blocker, nifedipine. Light-triggered ICa,L inactivation exhibited kinetic parameters comparable to voltage-induced inactivation. CONCLUSION OEPC-mediated activation of ICa,L demonstrates their potential for nongenetic optical modulation of cellular physiology potentially paving the way for the development of innovative therapies in cardiovascular health. The integrated model proves the light-mediated activation of ICa,L and advances the understanding of the interplay between the patch-clamp amplifier and external stimulation devices. SIGNIFICANCE Treating cardiac conduction disorders by minimal-invasive means without genetic modifications could advance therapeutic approaches increasing patients' quality of life compared with conventional methods employing electronic devices.
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16
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Orlemann C, Boehler C, Kooijmans RN, Li B, Asplund M, Roelfsema PR. Flexible Polymer Electrodes for Stable Prosthetic Visual Perception in Mice. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2304169. [PMID: 38324245 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Brain interfaces that can stimulate neurons, cause minimal damage, and work for a long time will be central for future neuroprosthetics. Here, the long-term performance of highly flexible, thin polyimide shanks with several small (<15 µm) electrodes during electrical microstimulation of the visual cortex, is reported. The electrodes exhibit a remarkable stability when several billions of electrical pulses are applied in vitro. When the devices are implanted in the primary visual cortex (area V1) of mice and the animals are trained to detect electrical microstimulation, it is found that the perceptual thresholds are 2-20 microamperes (µA), which is far below the maximal currents that the electrodes can withstand. The long-term functionality of the devices in vivo is excellent, with stable performance for up to more than a year and little damage to the brain tissue. These results demonstrate the potential of thin floating electrodes for the long-term restoration of lost sensory functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Orlemann
- Department of Vision and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, 1105 BA, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Boehler
- Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
- BrainLinks-BrainTools Center, University of Freiburg, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Roxana N Kooijmans
- Department of Vision and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, 1105 BA, The Netherlands
- Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428, Jülich, Germany
| | - Bingshuo Li
- Department of Vision and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, 1105 BA, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Asplund
- Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
- BrainLinks-BrainTools Center, University of Freiburg, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, 412 96, Sweden
| | - Pieter R Roelfsema
- Department of Vision and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, 1105 BA, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Visual Brain Therapy, Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de la Vision, Paris, F-75012, France
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Centre for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurosurgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
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17
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Tan J, Zhu C, Li L, Wang J, Xia XH, Wang C. Engineering Cell Membranes: From Extraction Strategies to Emerging Biosensing Applications. Anal Chem 2024; 96:7880-7894. [PMID: 38272835 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tan
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Chengcheng Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Lulu Li
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212000, P.R. China
| | - Jin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Xing-Hua Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Chen Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
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18
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Xiang Y, Zhao Y, Cheng T, Sun S, Wang J, Pei R. Implantable Neural Microelectrodes: How to Reduce Immune Response. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:2762-2783. [PMID: 38591141 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c00238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Implantable neural microelectrodes exhibit the great ability to accurately capture the electrophysiological signals from individual neurons with exceptional submillisecond precision, holding tremendous potential for advancing brain science research, as well as offering promising avenues for neurological disease therapy. Although significant advancements have been made in the channel and density of implantable neural microelectrodes, challenges persist in extending the stable recording duration of these microelectrodes. The enduring stability of implanted electrode signals is primarily influenced by the chronic immune response triggered by the slight movement of the electrode within the neural tissue. The intensity of this immune response increases with a higher bending stiffness of the electrode. This Review thoroughly analyzes the sequential reactions evoked by implanted electrodes in the brain and highlights strategies aimed at mitigating chronic immune responses. Minimizing immune response mainly includes designing the microelectrode structure, selecting flexible materials, surface modification, and controlling drug release. The purpose of this paper is to provide valuable references and ideas for reducing the immune response of implantable neural microelectrodes and stimulate their further exploration in the field of brain science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xiang
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei 230026, PR China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yuewu Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Tingting Cheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shengkai Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jine Wang
- Jiangxi Institute of Nanotechnology, Nanchang 330200, China
- College of Medicine and Nursing, Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Novel Pharmaceutical Excipients, Sustained and Controlled Release Preparations, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China
| | - Renjun Pei
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei 230026, PR China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
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19
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Song SS, Druschel LN, Conard JH, Wang JJ, Kasthuri NM, Ricky Chan E, Capadona JR. Depletion of complement factor 3 delays the neuroinflammatory response to intracortical microelectrodes. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 118:221-235. [PMID: 38458498 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The neuroinflammatory response to intracortical microelectrodes (IMEs) used with brain-machine interfacing (BMI) applications is regarded as the primary contributor to poor chronic performance. Recent developments in high-plex gene expression technologies have allowed for an evolution in the investigation of individual proteins or genes to be able to identify specific pathways of upregulated genes that may contribute to the neuroinflammatory response. Several key pathways that are upregulated following IME implantation are involved with the complement system. The complement system is part of the innate immune system involved in recognizing and eliminating pathogens - a significant contributor to the foreign body response against biomaterials. Specifically, we have identified Complement 3 (C3) as a gene of interest because it is the intersection of several key complement pathways. In this study, we investigated the role of C3 in the IME inflammatory response by comparing the neuroinflammatory gene expression at the microelectrode implant site between C3 knockout (C3-/-) and wild-type (WT) mice. We have found that, like in WT mice, implantation of intracortical microelectrodes in C3-/- mice yields a dramatic increase in the neuroinflammatory gene expression at all post-surgery time points investigated. However, compared to WT mice, C3 depletion showed reduced expression of many neuroinflammatory genes pre-surgery and 4 weeks post-surgery. Conversely, depletion of C3 increased the expression of many neuroinflammatory genes at 8 weeks and 16 weeks post-surgery, compared to WT mice. Our results suggest that C3 depletion may be a promising therapeutic target for acute, but not chronic, relief of the neuroinflammatory response to IME implantation. Additional compensatory targets may also be required for comprehensive long-term reduction of the neuroinflammatory response for improved intracortical microelectrode performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney S Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States; Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States.
| | - Lindsey N Druschel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States; Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States.
| | - Jacob H Conard
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States.
| | - Jaime J Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States; Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States.
| | - Niveda M Kasthuri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States; Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States.
| | - E Ricky Chan
- Cleveland Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States.
| | - Jeffrey R Capadona
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States; Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States.
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20
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Liu X, Gong Y, Jiang Z, Stevens T, Li W. Flexible high-density microelectrode arrays for closed-loop brain-machine interfaces: a review. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1348434. [PMID: 38686330 PMCID: PMC11057246 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1348434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Flexible high-density microelectrode arrays (HDMEAs) are emerging as a key component in closed-loop brain-machine interfaces (BMIs), providing high-resolution functionality for recording, stimulation, or both. The flexibility of these arrays provides advantages over rigid ones, such as reduced mismatch between interface and tissue, resilience to micromotion, and sustained long-term performance. This review summarizes the recent developments and applications of flexible HDMEAs in closed-loop BMI systems. It delves into the various challenges encountered in the development of ideal flexible HDMEAs for closed-loop BMI systems and highlights the latest methodologies and breakthroughs to address these challenges. These insights could be instrumental in guiding the creation of future generations of flexible HDMEAs, specifically tailored for use in closed-loop BMIs. The review thoroughly explores both the current state and prospects of these advanced arrays, emphasizing their potential in enhancing BMI technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Liu
- Neuroscience Program, Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ), East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Yan Gong
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ), East Lansing, MI, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Zebin Jiang
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ), East Lansing, MI, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Trevor Stevens
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Wen Li
- Neuroscience Program, Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ), East Lansing, MI, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
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21
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McNamara IN, Wellman SM, Li L, Eles JR, Savya S, Sohal HS, Angle MR, Kozai TDY. Electrode sharpness and insertion speed reduce tissue damage near high-density penetrating arrays. J Neural Eng 2024; 21:026030. [PMID: 38518365 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ad36e1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Objective. Over the past decade, neural electrodes have played a crucial role in bridging biological tissues with electronic and robotic devices. This study focuses on evaluating the optimal tip profile and insertion speed for effectively implanting Paradromics' high-density fine microwire arrays (FμA) prototypes into the primary visual cortex (V1) of mice and rats, addressing the challenges associated with the 'bed-of-nails' effect and tissue dimpling.Approach. Tissue response was assessed by investigating the impact of electrodes on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and cellular damage, with a specific emphasis on tailored insertion strategies to minimize tissue disruption during electrode implantation.Main results.Electro-sharpened arrays demonstrated a marked reduction in cellular damage within 50μm of the electrode tip compared to blunt and angled arrays. Histological analysis revealed that slow insertion speeds led to greater BBB compromise than fast and pneumatic methods. Successful single-unit recordings validated the efficacy of the optimized electro-sharpened arrays in capturing neural activity.Significance.These findings underscore the critical role of tailored insertion strategies in minimizing tissue damage during electrode implantation, highlighting the suitability of electro-sharpened arrays for long-term implant applications. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the complexities associated with high-channel-count microelectrode array implantation, emphasizing the importance of meticulous assessment and optimization of key parameters for effective integration and minimal tissue disruption. By elucidating the interplay between insertion parameters and tissue response, our study lays a strong foundation for the development of advanced implantable devices with a reduction in reactive gliosis and improved performance in neural recording applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid N McNamara
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Steven M Wellman
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Lehong Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - James R Eles
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Sajishnu Savya
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | | | | | - Takashi D Y Kozai
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Center of the Basis of Neural Cognition, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- NeuroTech Center, University of Pittsburgh Brain Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
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22
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Soldado-Magraner J, Antonietti A, French J, Higgins N, Young MJ, Larrivee D, Monteleone R. Applying the IEEE BRAIN neuroethics framework to intra-cortical brain-computer interfaces. J Neural Eng 2024; 21:022001. [PMID: 38537269 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ad3852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Objective. Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are neuroprosthetic devices that allow for direct interaction between brains and machines. These types of neurotechnologies have recently experienced a strong drive in research and development, given, in part, that they promise to restore motor and communication abilities in individuals experiencing severe paralysis. While a rich literature analyzes the ethical, legal, and sociocultural implications (ELSCI) of these novel neurotechnologies, engineers, clinicians and BCI practitioners often do not have enough exposure to these topics.Approach. Here, we present the IEEE Neuroethics Framework, an international, multiyear, iterative initiative aimed at developing a robust, accessible set of considerations for diverse stakeholders.Main results. Using the framework, we provide practical examples of ELSCI considerations for BCI neurotechnologies. We focus on invasive technologies, and in particular, devices that are implanted intra-cortically for medical research applications.Significance. We demonstrate the utility of our framework in exposing a wide range of implications across different intra-cortical BCI technology modalities and conclude with recommendations on how to utilize this knowledge in the development and application of ethical guidelines for BCI neurotechnologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Soldado-Magraner
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America
| | - Alberto Antonietti
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milano 20131, Italy
| | - Jennifer French
- Neurotech Network, St. Petersburg, FL 33733, United States of America
| | - Nathan Higgins
- School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Michael J Young
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States of America
| | - Denis Larrivee
- Mind and Brain Institute, University of Navarra Medical School, Pamplona, Navarra 31008, Spain
- Loyola University, Chicago, IL 60611, United States of America
| | - Rebecca Monteleone
- Disability Studies Program, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, United States of America
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23
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Chae U, Chun H, Lim J, Shin H, Smith WC, Choi JW, Park KD, Lee CJ, Cho IJ. KDS2010, a reversible MAO-B inhibitor, extends the lifetime of neural probes by preventing glial scar formation. Glia 2024; 72:748-758. [PMID: 38200694 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Implantable neural probes have been extensively utilized in the fields of neurocircuitry, systems neuroscience, and brain-computer interface. However, the long-term functionality of these devices is hampered by the formation of glial scar and astrogliosis at the surface of electrodes. In this study, we administered KDS2010, a recently developed reversible MAO-B inhibitor, to mice through ad libitum drinking in order to prevent glial scar formation and astrogliosis. The administration of KDS2010 allowed long-term recordings of neural signals with implantable devices, which remained stable over a period of 6 months and even restored diminished neural signals after probe implantation. KDS2010 effectively prevented the formation of glial scar, which consists of reactive astrocytes and activated microglia around the implant. Furthermore, it restored neural activity by disinhibiting astrocytic MAO-B dependent tonic GABA inhibition induced by astrogliosis. We suggest that the use of KDS2010 is a promising approach to prevent glial scar formation around the implant, thereby enabling long-term functionality of neural devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uikyu Chae
- Department of Convergence Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heejung Chun
- Yonsei-SLBigen Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwoon Lim
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyogeun Shin
- Department of Convergence Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wesley Charles Smith
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Choi
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Duk Park
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - C Justin Lee
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Joo Cho
- Department of Convergence Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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24
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Bhat K, Schlotterose L, Hanke L, Helmholz H, Quandt E, Hattermann K, Willumeit-Römer R. Magnesium-lithium thin films for neurological applications-An in vitro investigation of glial cytocompatibility and neuroinflammatory response. Acta Biomater 2024; 178:307-319. [PMID: 38382831 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Lithium (Li), a widely used drug for bipolar disorder management, is associated with many side effects due to systemic exposure. The localized delivery of lithium through implants could be an approach to overcome this challenge, for which biodegradable magnesium (Mg)-based materials are a promising choice. In this study, we focus on Mg-Li thin film alloys as potential Li-releasing implants. Therefore, we investigated the in vitro short-term corrosion behavior and cytocompatibility of two alloys, Mg-1.6wt%Li and Mg-9.5wt%Li. As glial cells are the key players of foreign body responses to implants, we used human glial cell lines for cytocompatibility studies, and a murine brain slice model for a more holistic view at the neuroinflammatory response. We found that Mg-1.6wt%Li corrodes approximately six times slower than Mg-9.5wt%Li. Microscopic analysis showed that the material surface (Mg-1.6wt%Li) is suitable for cell adhesion. The cytocompatibility test with Mg-1.6wt%Li and Mg-9.5wt%Li alloy extracts revealed that both cell types proliferated well up to 10 mM Mg concentration, irrespective of the Li concentration. In the murine brain slice model, Mg-1.6wt%Li and Mg-9.5wt%Li alloy extracts did not provoke a significant upregulation of glial inflammatory/ reactivity markers (IL-1β, IL-6, FN1, TNC) after 24 h of exposure. Furthermore, the gene expression of IL-1β (up to 3-fold) and IL-6 (up to 16-fold) were significantly downregulated after 96 h, and IL-6 downregulation showed a Li concentration dependency. Together, these results indicate the acute cytocompatibility of two Mg-Li thin film alloys and provide basis for future studies to explore promising applications of the material. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: We propose the idea of lithium delivery to the brain via biodegradable implants to reduce systemic side effects of lithium for bipolar disorder therapy and other neurological applications. This is the first in vitro study investigating Mg-xLi thin film degradation under physiological conditions and its influence on cellular responses such as proliferation, viability, morphology and inflammation. Utilizing human brain-derived cell lines, we showed that the material surface of such a thin film alloy is suitable for normal cell attachment. Using murine brain slices, which comprise a multicellular network, we demonstrated that the material extracts did not elicit a pro-inflammatory response. These results substantiate that degradable Mg-Li materials are biocompatible and support the further investigation of their potential as neurological implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krathika Bhat
- Institute of Metallic Biomaterials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany.
| | - Luise Schlotterose
- Institute of Anatomy, Kiel University, Otto-Hahn-Platz 8, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Lisa Hanke
- Institute for Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University, Kaiserstr. 2, 24143 Kiel, Germany
| | - Heike Helmholz
- Institute of Metallic Biomaterials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Eckhard Quandt
- Institute for Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University, Kaiserstr. 2, 24143 Kiel, Germany
| | - Kirsten Hattermann
- Institute of Anatomy, Kiel University, Otto-Hahn-Platz 8, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Regine Willumeit-Römer
- Institute of Metallic Biomaterials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany.
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25
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Hamani C, Davidson B, Lipsman N, Abrahao A, Nestor SM, Rabin JS, Giacobbe P, Pagano RL, Campos ACP. Insertional effect following electrode implantation: an underreported but important phenomenon. Brain Commun 2024; 6:fcae093. [PMID: 38707711 PMCID: PMC11069120 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation has revolutionized the treatment of movement disorders and is gaining momentum in the treatment of several other neuropsychiatric disorders. In almost all applications of this therapy, the insertion of electrodes into the target has been shown to induce some degree of clinical improvement prior to stimulation onset. Disregarding this phenomenon, commonly referred to as 'insertional effect', can lead to biased results in clinical trials, as patients receiving sham stimulation may still experience some degree of symptom amelioration. Similar to the clinical scenario, an improvement in behavioural performance following electrode implantation has also been reported in preclinical models. From a neurohistopathologic perspective, the insertion of electrodes into the brain causes an initial trauma and inflammatory response, the activation of astrocytes, a focal release of gliotransmitters, the hyperexcitability of neurons in the vicinity of the implants, as well as neuroplastic and circuitry changes at a distance from the target. Taken together, it would appear that electrode insertion is not an inert process, but rather triggers a cascade of biological processes, and, as such, should be considered alongside the active delivery of stimulation as an active part of the deep brain stimulation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clement Hamani
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Benjamin Davidson
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Nir Lipsman
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Agessandro Abrahao
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Sean M Nestor
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Jennifer S Rabin
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto M5G 1V7, Canada
| | - Peter Giacobbe
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Rosana L Pagano
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, SP CEP 01308-060, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina P Campos
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, SP CEP 01308-060, Brazil
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26
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Capadona J, Hoeferlin G, Grabinski S, Druschel L, Duncan J, Burkhart G, Weagraff G, Lee A, Hong C, Bambroo M, Olivares H, Bajwa T, Memberg W, Sweet J, Hamedani HA, Acharya A, Hernandez-Reynoso A, Donskey C, Jaskiw G, Chan R, Ajiboye A, von Recum H, Zhang L. Bacteria Invade the Brain Following Sterile Intracortical Microelectrode Implantation. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3980065. [PMID: 38496527 PMCID: PMC10942555 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3980065/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Brain-machine interface performance is largely affected by the neuroinflammatory responses resulting in large part from blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage following intracortical microelectrode implantation. Recent findings strongly suggest that certain gut bacterial constituents penetrate the BBB and are resident in various brain regions of rodents and humans, both in health and disease. Therefore, we hypothesized that damage to the BBB caused by microelectrode implantation could amplify dysregulation of the microbiome-gut-brain axis. Here, we report that bacteria, including those commonly found in the gut, enter the brain following intracortical microelectrode implantation in mice implanted with single-shank silicon microelectrodes. Systemic antibiotic treatment of mice implanted with microelectrodes to suppress bacteria resulted in differential expression of bacteria in the brain tissue and a reduced acute inflammatory response compared to untreated controls, correlating with temporary improvements in microelectrode recording performance. Long-term antibiotic treatment resulted in worsening microelectrode recording performance and dysregulation of neurodegenerative pathways. Fecal microbiome composition was similar between implanted mice and an implanted human, suggesting translational findings. However, a significant portion of invading bacteria was not resident in the brain or gut. Together, the current study established a paradigm-shifting mechanism that may contribute to chronic intracortical microelectrode recording performance and affect overall brain health following intracortical microelectrode implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ricky Chan
- Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University
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27
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Li X, Jiang G, Wang G, Zhou J, Zhang Y, Zhao D. Promising cellulose-based functional gels for advanced biomedical applications: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129600. [PMID: 38266849 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Novel biomedical materials provide a new horizon for the diagnosis/treatment of diseases and tissue repair in medical engineering. As the most abundant biomass polymer on earth, cellulose is characterized by natural biocompatibility, good mechanical properties, and structure-performance designability. Owing to these outstanding features, cellulose as a biomacromolecule can be designed as functional biomaterials via hydrogen bonding (H-bonding) interaction or chemical modification for human tissue repair, implantable tissue organs, and controlling drug release. Moreover, cellulose can also be used to construct medical sensors for monitoring human physiological signals. In this study, the structural characteristics, functionalization approaches, and advanced biomedical applications of cellulose are reviewed. The current status and application prospects of cellulose and its functional materials for wound dressings, drug delivery, tissue engineering, and electronic skin (e-skin) are discussed. Finally, the key technologies and methods used for designing cellulosic biomaterials and broadening their application prospects in biomedical fields are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Key Laboratory on Resources Chemicals and Materials of Ministry of Education, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, PR China
| | - Geyuan Jiang
- Key Laboratory on Resources Chemicals and Materials of Ministry of Education, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, PR China
| | - Gang Wang
- Key Laboratory on Resources Chemicals and Materials of Ministry of Education, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, PR China
| | - Jianhong Zhou
- Key Laboratory on Resources Chemicals and Materials of Ministry of Education, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, PR China.
| | - Yuehong Zhang
- Key Laboratory on Resources Chemicals and Materials of Ministry of Education, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, PR China.
| | - Dawei Zhao
- Key Laboratory on Resources Chemicals and Materials of Ministry of Education, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, PR China; Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China.
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28
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Stuber A, Cavaccini A, Manole A, Burdina A, Massoud Y, Patriarchi T, Karayannis T, Nakatsuka N. Interfacing Aptamer-Modified Nanopipettes with Neuronal Media and Ex Vivo Brain Tissue. ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2024; 4:92-103. [PMID: 38404490 PMCID: PMC10885324 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.3c00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Aptamer-functionalized biosensors exhibit high selectivity for monitoring neurotransmitters in complex environments. We translated nanoscale aptamer-modified nanopipette sensors to detect endogenous dopamine release in vitro and ex vivo. These sensors employ quartz nanopipettes with nanoscale pores (ca. 10 nm diameter) that are functionalized with aptamers that enable the selective capture of dopamine through target-specific conformational changes. The dynamic behavior of aptamer structures upon dopamine binding leads to the rearrangement of surface charge within the nanopore, resulting in measurable changes in ionic current. To assess sensor performance in real time, we designed a fluidic platform to characterize the temporal dynamics of nanopipette sensors. We then conducted differential biosensing by deploying control sensors modified with nonspecific DNA alongside dopamine-specific sensors in biological milieu. Our results confirm the functionality of aptamer-modified nanopipettes for direct measurements in undiluted complex fluids, specifically in the culture media of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived dopaminergic neurons. Moreover, sensor implantation and repeated measurements in acute brain slices was possible, likely owing to the protected sensing area inside nanoscale DNA-filled orifices, minimizing exposure to nonspecific interferents and preventing clogging. Further, differential recordings of endogenous dopamine released through electrical stimulation in the dorsolateral striatum demonstrate the potential of aptamer-modified nanopipettes for ex vivo recordings with unprecedented spatial resolution and reduced tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annina Stuber
- Laboratory
of Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zurich CH-8092, Switzerland
| | - Anna Cavaccini
- Laboratory
of Neural Circuit Assembly, Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich CH-8057, Switzerland
- Neuroscience
Center Zurich, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich CH-8057, Switzerland
| | - Andreea Manole
- iXCells
Biotechnologies, Inc., San Diego, California 92131, United States
| | - Anna Burdina
- Laboratory
of Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zurich CH-8092, Switzerland
| | - Yassine Massoud
- Laboratory
of Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zurich CH-8092, Switzerland
| | - Tommaso Patriarchi
- Neuroscience
Center Zurich, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich CH-8057, Switzerland
- Institute
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University
of Zurich, Zurich CH-8057, Switzerland
| | - Theofanis Karayannis
- Laboratory
of Neural Circuit Assembly, Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich CH-8057, Switzerland
- Neuroscience
Center Zurich, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich CH-8057, Switzerland
| | - Nako Nakatsuka
- Laboratory
of Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zurich CH-8092, Switzerland
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29
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Sacchi M, Sauter-Starace F, Mailley P, Texier I. Resorbable conductive materials for optimally interfacing medical devices with the living. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1294238. [PMID: 38449676 PMCID: PMC10916519 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1294238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Implantable and wearable bioelectronic systems are arising growing interest in the medical field. Linking the microelectronic (electronic conductivity) and biological (ionic conductivity) worlds, the biocompatible conductive materials at the electrode/tissue interface are key components in these systems. We herein focus more particularly on resorbable bioelectronic systems, which can safely degrade in the biological environment once they have completed their purpose, namely, stimulating or sensing biological activity in the tissues. Resorbable conductive materials are also explored in the fields of tissue engineering and 3D cell culture. After a short description of polymer-based substrates and scaffolds, and resorbable electrical conductors, we review how they can be combined to design resorbable conductive materials. Although these materials are still emerging, various medical and biomedical applications are already taking shape that can profoundly modify post-operative and wound healing follow-up. Future challenges and perspectives in the field are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Sacchi
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI-DTIS (Département des Technologies pour l’Innovation en Santé), Grenoble, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, JACOB-SEPIA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Fabien Sauter-Starace
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI-DTIS (Département des Technologies pour l’Innovation en Santé), Grenoble, France
| | - Pascal Mailley
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI-DTIS (Département des Technologies pour l’Innovation en Santé), Grenoble, France
| | - Isabelle Texier
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI-DTIS (Département des Technologies pour l’Innovation en Santé), Grenoble, France
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30
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Mueller NN, Kim Y, Ocoko MYM, Dernelle P, Kale I, Patwa S, Hermoso AC, Chirra D, Capadona JR, Hess-Dunning A. Effects of Micromachining on Anti-oxidant Elution from a Mechanically-Adaptive Polymer. JOURNAL OF MICROMECHANICS AND MICROENGINEERING : STRUCTURES, DEVICES, AND SYSTEMS 2024; 34:10.1088/1361-6439/ad27f7. [PMID: 38586082 PMCID: PMC10996452 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6439/ad27f7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Intracortical microelectrodes (IMEs) can be used to restore motor and sensory function as a part of brain-computer interfaces in individuals with neuromusculoskeletal disorders. However, the neuroinflammatory response to IMEs can result in their premature failure, leading to reduced therapeutic efficacy. Mechanically-adaptive, resveratrol-eluting (MARE) neural probes target two mechanisms believed to contribute to the neuroinflammatory response by reducing the mechanical mismatch between the brain tissue and device, as well as locally delivering an antioxidant therapeutic. To create the mechanically-adaptive substrate, a dispersion, casting, and evaporation method is used, followed by a microfabrication process to integrate functional recording electrodes on the material. Resveratrol release experiments were completed to generate a resveratrol release profile and demonstrated that the MARE probes are capable of long-term controlled release. Additionally, our results showed that resveratrol can be degraded by laser-micromachining, an important consideration for future device fabrication. Finally, the electrodes were shown to have a suitable impedance for single-unit neural recording and could record single units in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie N Mueller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Youjoung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Mali Ya Mungu Ocoko
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Peter Dernelle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ishani Kale
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Simran Patwa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Anna Clarissa Hermoso
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Deeksha Chirra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Capadona
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Allison Hess-Dunning
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
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31
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Rodilla BL, Arché-Núñez A, Ruiz-Gómez S, Domínguez-Bajo A, Fernández-González C, Guillén-Colomer C, González-Mayorga A, Rodríguez-Díez N, Camarero J, Miranda R, López-Dolado E, Ocón P, Serrano MC, Pérez L, González MT. Flexible metallic core-shell nanostructured electrodes for neural interfacing. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3729. [PMID: 38355737 PMCID: PMC10866994 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53719-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Electrodes with nanostructured surface have emerged as promising low-impedance neural interfaces that can avoid the charge-injection restrictions typically associated to microelectrodes. In this work, we propose a novel approximation, based on a two-step template assisted electrodeposition technique, to obtain flexible nanostructured electrodes coated with core-shell Ni-Au vertical nanowires. These nanowires benefit from biocompatibility of the Au shell exposed to the environment and the mechanical properties of Ni that allow for nanowires longer and more homogeneous in length than their only-Au counterparts. The nanostructured electrodes show impedance values, measured by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), at least 9 times lower than those of flat reference electrodes. This ratio is in good accordance with the increased effective surface area determined both from SEM images and cyclic voltammetry measurements, evidencing that only Au is exposed to the medium. The observed EIS profile evolution of Ni-Au electrodes over 7 days were very close to those of Au electrodes and differently from Ni ones. Finally, the morphology, viability and neuronal differentiation of rat embryonic cortical cells cultured on Ni-Au NW electrodes were found to be similar to those on control (glass) substrates and Au NW electrodes, accompanied by a lower glial cell differentiation. This positive in-vitro neural cell behavior encourages further investigation to explore the tissue responses that the implantation of these nanostructured electrodes might elicit in healthy (damaged) neural tissues in vivo, with special emphasis on eventual tissue encapsulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz L Rodilla
- Fundación IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de las Ciencias S/N, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Arché-Núñez
- Fundación IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Ruiz-Gómez
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ana Domínguez-Bajo
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, Calle Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Animal Molecular and Cellular Biology group (AMCB), Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology (LIBST), Université catholique de Louvain, Place Croix du Sud 5, 1348 , Louvain la Neuve, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | - Julio Camarero
- Fundación IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Department de Física de la Materia Condensada and Instituto "Nicolás Cabrera", Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodolfo Miranda
- Fundación IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Department de Física de la Materia Condensada and Instituto "Nicolás Cabrera", Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisa López-Dolado
- Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, Finca la Peraleda S/N, 45071, Toledo, Spain
- Design and development of Biomaterials for Neural Regeneration, HNP-SESCAM, Associated Unit With CSIC Through ICMM, Finca La Peraleda S/N, 45071, Toledo, Spain
| | - Pilar Ocón
- Departamento de Química Física Aplicada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - María C Serrano
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, Calle Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucas Pérez
- Fundación IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de las Ciencias S/N, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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32
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Schlotterose L, Cossais F, Lucius R, Hattermann K. Resveratrol Alleviates the Early Challenges of Implant-Based Drug Delivery in a Human Glial Cell Model. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2078. [PMID: 38396755 PMCID: PMC10889494 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Brain diseases are oftentimes life-threatening and difficult to treat. The local administration of drug substances using brain implants can increase on-site concentrations and decrease systemic side effects. However, the biocompatibility of potential brain implant materials needs to be evaluated carefully as implants can trigger foreign body reactions, particularly by increasing the microglia and astrocyte reactivity. To date, these tests have been frequently conducted in very simple in vitro models, in particular not respecting the key players in glial cell reactions and the challenges of surgical implantation characterized by the disruption of oxygen and nutrient supply. Thus, we established an in vitro model in which we treated human glial cell lines with reduced oxygen and glucose levels. The model displayed cytokine and reactive oxygen species release from reactive microglia and an increase in a marker of reactive astrocytes, galectin-3. Moreover, the treatment caused changes in the cell survival and triggered the production of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α. In this comprehensive platform, we demonstrated the protective effect of the natural polyphenol resveratrol as a model substance, which might be included in brain implants to ease the undesired glial cell response. Overall, a glial-cell-based in vitro model of the initial challenges of local brain disease treatment may prove useful for investigating new therapy options.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kirsten Hattermann
- Institute of Anatomy, Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany; (L.S.); (R.L.)
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33
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Mahmoudi N, Mohamed E, Dehnavi SS, Aguilar LMC, Harvey AR, Parish CL, Williams RJ, Nisbet DR. Calming the Nerves via the Immune Instructive Physiochemical Properties of Self-Assembling Peptide Hydrogels. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2303707. [PMID: 38030559 PMCID: PMC10837390 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Current therapies for the devastating damage caused by traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are limited. This is in part due to poor drug efficacy to modulate neuroinflammation, angiogenesis and/or promoting neuroprotection and is the combined result of challenges in getting drugs across the blood brain barrier, in a targeted approach. The negative impact of the injured extracellular matrix (ECM) has been identified as a factor in restricting post-injury plasticity of residual neurons and is shown to reduce the functional integration of grafted cells. Therefore, new strategies are needed to manipulate the extracellular environment at the subacute phase to enhance brain regeneration. In this review, potential strategies are to be discussed for the treatment of TBI by using self-assembling peptide (SAP) hydrogels, fabricated via the rational design of supramolecular peptide scaffolds, as an artificial ECM which under the appropriate conditions yields a supramolecular hydrogel. Sequence selection of the peptides allows the tuning of these hydrogels' physical and biochemical properties such as charge, hydrophobicity, cell adhesiveness, stiffness, factor presentation, degradation profile and responsiveness to (external) stimuli. This review aims to facilitate the development of more intelligent biomaterials in the future to satisfy the parameters, requirements, and opportunities for the effective treatment of TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Mahmoudi
- Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, the John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
- ANU College of Engineering & Computer Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
- The Graeme Clark Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Elmira Mohamed
- Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, the John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Shiva Soltani Dehnavi
- Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, the John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
- ANU College of Engineering & Computer Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Lilith M Caballero Aguilar
- Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, the John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
- The Graeme Clark Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Alan R Harvey
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, and Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Clare L Parish
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Richard J Williams
- IMPACT, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3217, Australia
| | - David R Nisbet
- Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, the John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
- The Graeme Clark Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Science, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
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34
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Cho Y, Choi Y, Seong H. Nanoscale surface coatings and topographies for neural interfaces. Acta Biomater 2024; 175:55-75. [PMID: 38141934 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
With the lack of minimally invasive tools for probing neuronal systems across spatiotemporal scales, understanding the working mechanism of the nervous system and limited assessments available are imperative to prevent or treat neurological disorders. In particular, nanoengineered neural interfaces can provide a solution to this technological barrier. This review covers recent surface engineering approaches, including nanoscale surface coatings, and a range of topographies from the microscale to the nanoscale, primarily focusing on neural-interfaced biosystems. Specifically, the immobilization of bioactive molecules to fertilize the neural cell lineage, topographical engineering to induce mechanotransduction in neural cells, and enhanced cell-chip coupling using three-dimensional structured surfaces are highlighted. Advances in neural interface design will help us understand the nervous system, thereby achieving the effective treatments for neurological disorders. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: • This review focuses on designing bioactive neural interface with a nanoscale chemical modification and topographical engineering at multiscale perspective. • Versatile nanoscale surface coatings and topographies for neural interface are summarized. • Recent advances in bioactive materials applicable for neural cell culture, electrophysiological sensing, and neural implants are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younghak Cho
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunyoung Choi
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejeong Seong
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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35
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Stuber A, Nakatsuka N. Aptamer Renaissance for Neurochemical Biosensing. ACS NANO 2024; 18:2552-2563. [PMID: 38236046 PMCID: PMC10832038 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Unraveling the complexities of brain function, which is crucial for advancing human health, remains a grand challenge. This endeavor demands precise monitoring of small molecules such as neurotransmitters, the chemical messengers in the brain. In this Perspective, we explore the potential of aptamers, selective synthetic bioreceptors integrated into electronic affinity platforms to address limitations in neurochemical biosensing. We emphasize the importance of characterizing aptamer thermodynamics and target binding to realize functional biosensors in biological systems. We focus on two label-free affinity platforms spanning the micro- to nanoscale: field-effect transistors and nanopores. Integration of well-characterized structure-switching aptamers overcame nonspecific binding, a challenge that has hindered the translation of biosensors from the lab to the clinic. In a transformative era driven by neuroscience breakthroughs, technological innovations, and multidisciplinary collaborations, an aptamer renaissance holds the potential to bridge technological gaps and reshape the landscape of diagnostics and neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annina Stuber
- Laboratory for Biosensors
and Bioelectronics, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Nako Nakatsuka
- Laboratory for Biosensors
and Bioelectronics, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
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36
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Gao L, Lv S, Shang Y, Guan S, Tian H, Fang Y, Wang J, Li H. Free-Standing Carbon Nanotube Embroidered Graphene Film Electrode Array for Stable Neural Interfacing. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:829-835. [PMID: 38117186 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Implantable neural probes that are mechanically flexible yet robust are attractive candidates for achieving stable neural interfacing in the brain. Current flexible neural probes consist mainly of metal thin-film electrodes integrated on micrometer-thick polymer substrates, making it challenging to achieve electrode-tissue interfacing on the cellular scale. Here, we describe implantable neural probes that consist of robust carbon nanotube network embroidered graphene (CeG) films as free-standing recording microelectrodes. Our CeG film microelectrode arrays (CeG_MEAs) are ultraflexible yet mechanically robust, thus enabling cellular-scale electrode-tissue interfacing. Chronically implanted CeG_MEAs can stably track the activities of the same population of neurons over two months. Our results highlight the potential of ultraflexible and free-standing carbon nanofilms for stable neural interfacing in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Suye Lv
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuanyuan Shang
- School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Shouliang Guan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Huihui Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ying Fang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 102206, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jinfen Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hongbian Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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37
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Miziev S, Pawlak WA, Howard N. Comparative analysis of energy transfer mechanisms for neural implants. Front Neurosci 2024; 17:1320441. [PMID: 38292898 PMCID: PMC10825050 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1320441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
As neural implant technologies advance rapidly, a nuanced understanding of their powering mechanisms becomes indispensable, especially given the long-term biocompatibility risks like oxidative stress and inflammation, which can be aggravated by recurrent surgeries, including battery replacements. This review delves into a comprehensive analysis, starting with biocompatibility considerations for both energy storage units and transfer methods. The review focuses on four main mechanisms for powering neural implants: Electromagnetic, Acoustic, Optical, and Direct Connection to the Body. Among these, Electromagnetic Methods include techniques such as Near-Field Communication (RF). Acoustic methods using high-frequency ultrasound offer advantages in power transmission efficiency and multi-node interrogation capabilities. Optical methods, although still in early development, show promising energy transmission efficiencies using Near-Infrared (NIR) light while avoiding electromagnetic interference. Direct connections, while efficient, pose substantial safety risks, including infection and micromotion disturbances within neural tissue. The review employs key metrics such as specific absorption rate (SAR) and energy transfer efficiency for a nuanced evaluation of these methods. It also discusses recent innovations like the Sectored-Multi Ring Ultrasonic Transducer (S-MRUT), Stentrode, and Neural Dust. Ultimately, this review aims to help researchers, clinicians, and engineers better understand the challenges of and potentially create new solutions for powering neural implants.
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38
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Uguz I, Ohayon D, Arslan V, Sheelamanthula R, Griggs S, Hama A, Stanton JW, McCulloch I, Inal S, Shepard KL. Flexible switch matrix addressable electrode arrays with organic electrochemical transistor and pn diode technology. Nat Commun 2024; 15:533. [PMID: 38225257 PMCID: PMC10789794 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44024-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to their effective ionic-to-electronic signal conversion and mechanical flexibility, organic neural implants hold considerable promise for biocompatible neural interfaces. Current approaches are, however, primarily limited to passive electrodes due to a lack of circuit components to realize complex active circuits at the front-end. Here, we introduce a p-n organic electrochemical diode using complementary p- and n-type conducting polymer films embedded in a 15-μm -diameter vertical stack. Leveraging the efficient motion of encapsulated cations inside this polymer stack and the opposite doping mechanisms of the constituent polymers, we demonstrate high current rectification ratios ([Formula: see text]) and fast switching speeds (230 μs). We integrate p-n organic electrochemical diodes with organic electrochemical transistors in the front-end pixel of a recording array. This configuration facilitates the access of organic electrochemical transistor output currents within a large network operating in the same electrolyte, while minimizing crosstalk from neighboring elements due to minimized reverse-biased leakage. Furthermore, we use these devices to fabricate time-division-multiplexed amplifier arrays. Lastly, we show that, when fabricated in a shank format, this technology enables the multiplexing of amplified local field potentials directly in the active recording pixel (26-μm diameter) in a minimally invasive form factor with shank cross-sectional dimensions of only 50×8 [Formula: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilke Uguz
- Electrical Engineering Department, Columbia University, New York, 10027, NY, USA.
| | - David Ohayon
- Organic Bioelectronics Laboratory, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Volkan Arslan
- Electrical Engineering Department, Columbia University, New York, 10027, NY, USA
| | | | - Sophie Griggs
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Adel Hama
- Organic Bioelectronics Laboratory, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - John William Stanton
- Electrical Engineering Department, Columbia University, New York, 10027, NY, USA
| | - Iain McCulloch
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, KAUST, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Sahika Inal
- Organic Bioelectronics Laboratory, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kenneth L Shepard
- Electrical Engineering Department, Columbia University, New York, 10027, NY, USA
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39
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Wang Y, Chen Z, Davis B, Lipman W, Xing S, Zhang L, Wang T, Hafiz P, Xie W, Yan Z, Huang Z, Song J, Bai W. Digital automation of transdermal drug delivery with high spatiotemporal resolution. Nat Commun 2024; 15:511. [PMID: 38218967 PMCID: PMC10787768 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44532-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Transdermal drug delivery is of vital importance for medical treatments. However, user adherence to long-term repetitive drug delivery poses a grand challenge. Furthermore, the dynamic and unpredictable disease progression demands a pharmaceutical treatment that can be actively controlled in real-time to ensure medical precision and personalization. Here, we report a spatiotemporal on-demand patch (SOP) that integrates drug-loaded microneedles with biocompatible metallic membranes to enable electrically triggered active control of drug release. Precise control of drug release to targeted locations (<1 mm2), rapid drug release response to electrical triggers (<30 s), and multi-modal operation involving both drug release and electrical stimulation highlight the novelty. Solution-based fabrication ensures high customizability and scalability to tailor the SOP for various pharmaceutical needs. The wireless-powered and digital-controlled SOP demonstrates great promise in achieving full automation of drug delivery, improving user adherence while ensuring medical precision. Based on these characteristics, we utilized SOPs in sleep studies. We revealed that programmed release of exogenous melatonin from SOPs improve sleep of mice, indicating potential values for basic research and clinical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihang Wang
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Zeka Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Brayden Davis
- UNC/NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Will Lipman
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Sicheng Xing
- UNC/NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Tian Wang
- UNC/NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Priyash Hafiz
- UNC/NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Wanrong Xie
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Zijie Yan
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Zhili Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Juan Song
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
| | - Wubin Bai
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
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Krishnan J, Joseph R, Vayalappil MC, Krishnan S, Kishore A. A Review on Implantable Neuroelectrodes. Crit Rev Biomed Eng 2024; 52:21-39. [PMID: 37938182 DOI: 10.1615/critrevbiomedeng.2023049282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy of every neuromodulation modality depends upon the characteristics of the electrodes used to stimulate the chosen target. The geometrical, chemical, mechanical and physical configuration of electrodes used in neurostimulation affects several performance attributes like stimulation efficiency, selectivity, tissue response, etc. The efficiency of stimulation in relation to electrode impedance is influenced by the electrode material and/or its geometry. The nature of the electrode material determines the charge transfer across the electrode-tissue interface, which also relates to neuronal tissue damage. Electrode morphology or configuration pattern can facilitate the modulation of extracellular electric field (field shaping). This enables selective activation of neurons and minimizes side effects. Biocompatibility and biostability of the electrode materials or electrode coating have a role in glial formation and tissue damage. Mechanical and electrochemical stability (corrosion resistance) determines the long-term efficacy of any neuromodulation technique. Here, a review of electrodes typically used for implantable neuromodulation is discussed. Factors affecting the performance of electrodes like stimulation efficiency, selectivity and tissue responses to the electrode-tissue interface are discussed. Technological advancements to improve electrode characteristics are also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jithin Krishnan
- Department of Medical Devices Engineering, BMT Wing, SCTIMST, Kerala, India
| | - Roy Joseph
- Department of Medical Devices Engineering, BMT Wing, SCTIMST, Kerala, India
| | | | | | - Asha Kishore
- Aster Parkinson & Movement Disorder Centre, Senior Consultant Neurologist and Movement Disorder Specialist
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Aktas B, Ozgun A, Kilickap BD, Garipcan B. Cell adhesion molecule immobilized gold surfaces for enhanced neuron-electrode interfaces. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2024; 112:e35310. [PMID: 37950592 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
To provide a long-term solution for increasing the biocompatibility of neuroprosthetics, approaches to reduce the side effects of invasive neuro-implantable devices are still in need of improvement. Physical, chemical, and bioactive design aspects of the biomaterials are proven to be important for providing proper cell-to-cell, cell-to-material interactions. Particularly, modification of implant surfaces with bioactive cues, especially cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) that capitalize on native neural adhesion mechanisms, are promising candidates in favor of providing efficient interfaces. Within this concept, this study utilized specific CAMs, namely N-Cadherin (Neural cadherin, N-Cad) and neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), to enhance neuron-electrode contact by mimicking the cell-to-ECM interactions for improving the survival of cells and promoting neurite outgrowth. For this purpose, representative gold electrode surfaces were modified with N-Cadherin, NCAM, and the mixture (1:1) of these molecules. Modifications were characterized, and the effect of surface modification on both differentiated and undifferentiated neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell lines were compared. The findings demonstrated the successful modification of these molecules which subsequently exhibited biocompatible properties as evidenced by the cell viability results. In cell culture experiments, the CAMs displayed promising results in promoting neurite outgrowth compared to conventional poly-l-lysine coated surfaces, especially NCAM and N-Cad/NCAM modified surfaces clearly showed significant improvement. Overall, this optimized approach is expected to provide an insight into the action mechanisms of cells against the local environment and advance processes for the fabrication of alternative neural interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bengu Aktas
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alp Ozgun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Bora Garipcan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Kim YJ, Driscoll N, Kent N, Paniagua EV, Tabet A, Koehler F, Manthey M, Sahasrabudhe A, Signorelli L, Gregureć D, Anikeeva P. Magnetoelectric Nanodiscs Enable Wireless Transgene-Free Neuromodulation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.24.573272. [PMID: 38234742 PMCID: PMC10793401 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.24.573272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Deep-brain stimulation (DBS) with implanted electrodes revolutionized treatment of movement disorders and empowered neuroscience studies. Identifying less invasive alternatives to DBS may further extend its clinical and research applications. Nanomaterial-mediated transduction of magnetic fields into electric potentials offers an alternative to invasive DBS. Here, we synthesize magnetoelectric nanodiscs (MENDs) with a core-double shell Fe3O4-CoFe2O4-BaTiO3 architecture with efficient magnetoelectric coupling. We find robust responses to magnetic field stimulation in neurons decorated with MENDs at a density of 1 μg/mm2 despite individual-particle potentials below the neuronal excitation threshold. We propose a model for repetitive subthreshold depolarization, which combined with cable theory, corroborates our findings in vitro and informs magnetoelectric stimulation in vivo. MENDs injected into the ventral tegmental area of genetically intact mice at concentrations of 1 mg/mL enable remote control of reward behavior, setting the stage for mechanistic optimization of magnetoelectric neuromodulation and inspiring its future applications in fundamental and translational neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Ji Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nicolette Driscoll
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Noah Kent
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Emmanuel Vargas Paniagua
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Anthony Tabet
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Florian Koehler
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Marie Manthey
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Atharva Sahasrabudhe
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lorenzo Signorelli
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen - Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Danijela Gregureć
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen - Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Polina Anikeeva
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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González-Márquez C. Neuromodulation and memory: exploring ethical ramifications in memory modification treatment via implantable neurotechnologies. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1282634. [PMID: 38179489 PMCID: PMC10764565 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1282634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Invasive implantable neurotechnologies capable of simultaneously altering and recording neural activity are no longer the exclusive province of science fiction but a looming reality that will revolutionize medical practice. These advancements, particularly in their memory-altering capabilities, herald a vast array of opportunities for addressing the complex landscape of neurodegenerative and psychiatric conditions linked to memory impairments. However, the panoply of ethical implications arising from such a novel neurotechnology remains relatively unexplored by the neuroethics literature. This study examines and contrasts the potential ethical implications of memory modification treatment via implantable neurotechnologies. The study contends that undesired side effects resulting from memory modulation can lead to significant identity harms, disrupting the coherence of self-narratives and impinging on our authenticity. To evince the practical impact of this moral argument, the study conducts a practical ethical assessment of how employing implantable neurotechnologies to modulate memory may jeopardize (i) our moral responsiveness to events and core system of values and (ii) the emotional component associated with the altered memory. From a first-person standpoint, changes to the way we reasonably feel and react to past events and future intentions may be deemed ethically problematic as these profound changes can yield significant moral disruptions and negatively impact our personal lives and interpersonal relationships. In addition, the study discusses further ethical conundrums from a third-person perspective as these disruptions can inhibit social activism against structural injustices, thereby hindering societal progress. Thus, taking into account this societal dimension is paramount when evaluating the ethical permissibility of memory modification procedures.
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Li F, Gallego J, Tirko NN, Greaser J, Bashe D, Patel R, Shaker E, Van Valkenburg GE, Alsubhi AS, Wellman S, Singh V, Padill CG, Gheres KW, Bagwell R, Mulvihill M, Kozai TDY. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulation (LIPUS) modulates microglial activation following intracortical microelectrode implantation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.05.570162. [PMID: 38105969 PMCID: PMC10723293 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.05.570162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Microglia are important players in surveillance and repair of the brain. Their activation mediates neuroinflammation caused by intracortical microelectrode implantation, which impedes the application of intracortical brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). While low-intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulation (LIPUS) can attenuate microglial activation, its potential to modulate the microglia-mediated neuroinflammation and enhance the bio-integration of microelectrodes remains insufficiently explored. We found that LIPUS increased microglia migration speed from 0.59±0.04 to 1.35±0.07 µm/hr on day 1 and enhanced microglia expansion area from 44.50±6.86 to 93.15±8.77 µm 2 /min on day 7, indicating improved tissue healing and surveillance. Furthermore, LIPUS reduced microglial activation by 17% on day 6, vessel-associated microglia ratio from 70.67±6.15 to 40.43±3.87% on day 7, and vessel diameter by 20% on day 28. Additionally, microglial coverage of the microelectrode was reduced by 50% in week 1, indicating better tissue-microelectrode integration. These data reveal that LIPUS helps resolve neuroinflammation around chronic intracortical microelectrodes.
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Salavatian S, Robbins EM, Kuwabara Y, Castagnola E, Cui XT, Mahajan A. Real-time in vivo thoracic spinal glutamate sensing during myocardial ischemia. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2023; 325:H1304-H1317. [PMID: 37737733 PMCID: PMC10908408 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00299.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
In the spinal cord, glutamate serves as the primary excitatory neurotransmitter. Monitoring spinal glutamate concentrations offers valuable insights into spinal neural processing. Consequently, spinal glutamate concentration has the potential to emerge as a useful biomarker for conditions characterized by increased spinal neural network activity, especially when uptake systems become dysfunctional. In this study, we developed a multichannel custom-made flexible glutamate-sensing probe for the large-animal model that is capable of measuring extracellular glutamate concentrations in real time and in vivo. We assessed the probe's sensitivity and specificity through in vitro and ex vivo experiments. Remarkably, this developed probe demonstrates nearly instantaneous glutamate detection and allows continuous monitoring of glutamate concentrations. Furthermore, we evaluated the mechanical and sensing performance of the probe in vivo, within the pig spinal cord. Moreover, we applied the glutamate-sensing method using the flexible probe in the context of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. During I/R injury, cardiac sensory neurons in the dorsal root ganglion transmit excitatory signals to the spinal cord, resulting in sympathetic activation that potentially leads to fatal arrhythmias. We have successfully shown that our developed glutamate-sensing method can detect this spinal network excitation during myocardial ischemia. This study illustrates a novel technique for measuring spinal glutamate at different spinal cord levels as a surrogate for the spinal neural network activity during cardiac interventions that engage the cardio-spinal neural pathway.NEW & NOTEWORTHY In this study, we have developed a new flexible sensing probe to perform an in vivo measurement of spinal glutamate signaling in a large animal model. Our initial investigations involved precise testing of this probe in both in vitro and ex vivo environments. We accurately assessed the sensitivity and specificity of our glutamate-sensing probe and demonstrated its performance. We also evaluated the performance of our developed flexible probe during the insertion and compared it with the stiff probe during animal movement. Subsequently, we used this innovative technique to monitor the spinal glutamate signaling during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion that can cause fatal ventricular arrhythmias. We showed that glutamate concentration increases during the myocardial ischemia, persists during the reperfusion, and is associated with sympathoexcitation and increases in myocardial substrate excitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siamak Salavatian
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Elaine Marie Robbins
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Yuki Kuwabara
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Elisa Castagnola
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Xinyan Tracy Cui
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
- Center for Neural Basis of Cognition, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Aman Mahajan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
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Hernandez-Reynoso AG, Sturgill BS, Hoeferlin GF, Druschel LN, Krebs OK, Menendez DM, Thai TTD, Smith TJ, Duncan J, Zhang J, Mittal G, Radhakrishna R, Desai MS, Cogan SF, Pancrazio JJ, Capadona JR. The effect of a Mn(III)tetrakis(4-benzoic acid)porphyrin (MnTBAP) coating on the chronic recording performance of planar silicon intracortical microelectrode arrays. Biomaterials 2023; 303:122351. [PMID: 37931456 PMCID: PMC10842897 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Intracortical microelectrode arrays (MEAs) are used to record neural activity. However, their implantation initiates a neuroinflammatory cascade, involving the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, leading to interface failure. Here, we coated commercially-available MEAs with Mn(III)tetrakis(4-benzoic acid)porphyrin (MnTBAP), to mitigate oxidative stress. First, we assessed the in vitro cytotoxicity of modified sample substrates. Then, we implanted 36 rats with uncoated, MnTBAP-coated ("Coated"), or (3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES)-coated devices - an intermediate step in the coating process. We assessed electrode performance during the acute (1-5 weeks), sub-chronic (6-11 weeks), and chronic (12-16 weeks) phases after implantation. Three subsets of animals were euthanized at different time points to assess the acute, sub-chronic and chronic immunohistological responses. Results showed that MnTBAP coatings were not cytotoxic in vitro, and their implantation in vivo improved the proportion of electrodes during the sub-chronic and chronic phases; APTES coatings resulted in failure of the neural interface during the chronic phase. In addition, MnTBAP coatings improved the quality of the signal throughout the study and reduced the neuroinflammatory response around the implant as early as two weeks, an effect that remained consistent for months post-implantation. Together, these results suggest that MnTBAP coatings are a potentially useful modification to improve MEA reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana G Hernandez-Reynoso
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX, 75080, United States.
| | - Brandon S Sturgill
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX, 75080, United States.
| | - George F Hoeferlin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44106, United States; Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 10701 East Blvd, Cleveland, OH, 44106, United States.
| | - Lindsey N Druschel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44106, United States; Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 10701 East Blvd, Cleveland, OH, 44106, United States.
| | - Olivia K Krebs
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44106, United States; Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 10701 East Blvd, Cleveland, OH, 44106, United States.
| | - Dhariyat M Menendez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44106, United States; Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 10701 East Blvd, Cleveland, OH, 44106, United States.
| | - Teresa T D Thai
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX, 75080, United States.
| | - Thomas J Smith
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX, 75080, United States.
| | - Jonathan Duncan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44106, United States; Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 10701 East Blvd, Cleveland, OH, 44106, United States.
| | - Jichu Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44106, United States; Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 10701 East Blvd, Cleveland, OH, 44106, United States.
| | - Gaurav Mittal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44106, United States; Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 10701 East Blvd, Cleveland, OH, 44106, United States.
| | - Rahul Radhakrishna
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX, 75080, United States.
| | - Mrudang Spandan Desai
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX, 75080, United States.
| | - Stuart F Cogan
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX, 75080, United States.
| | - Joseph J Pancrazio
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX, 75080, United States.
| | - Jeffrey R Capadona
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44106, United States; Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 10701 East Blvd, Cleveland, OH, 44106, United States.
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Xia M, Agca BN, Yoshida T, Choi J, Amjad U, Bose K, Keren N, Zukerman S, Cima MJ, Graybiel AM, Schwerdt HN. Scalable, flexible carbon fiber electrode thread arrays for three-dimensional probing of neurochemical activity in deep brain structures of rodents. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 241:115625. [PMID: 37708685 PMCID: PMC10591823 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
We developed a flexible "electrode-thread" array for recording dopamine neurochemicals from a lateral distribution of subcortical targets (up to 16) transverse to the axis of insertion. Ultrathin (∼10 μm diameter) carbon fiber (CF) electrode-threads (CFETs) are clustered into a tight bundle to introduce them into the brain from a single-entry point. The individual CFETs splay laterally in deep brain tissue during insertion due to their innate flexibility. This spatial redistribution allows navigation of the CFETs towards deep brain targets spreading horizontally from the axis of insertion. Commercial "linear" arrays provide single-entry insertion but only allow measurements along the axis of insertion. Horizontally configured arrays inflict separate penetrations for each individual channel. We tested functional performance of our CFET arrays in vivo for recording dopamine and for providing lateral spread to multiple distributed sites in the rat striatum. Spatial spread was further characterized in agar brain phantoms as a function of insertion depth. We also developed protocols to slice the embedded CFETs within fixed brain tissue using standard histology. This method allowed extraction of the precise spatial coordinates of the implanted CFETs and their recording sites as integrated with immunohistochemical staining for surrounding anatomical, cytological, and protein expression labels. Our CFET array has the potential to unlock a wide range of applications, from uncovering the role of neuromodulators in synaptic plasticity, to addressing critical safety barriers in clinical translation towards diagnostic and adaptive treatment in Parkinson's disease and major mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyi Xia
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA
| | - Busra Nur Agca
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA
| | - Tomoko Yoshida
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA
| | - Jiwon Choi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, USA; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Usamma Amjad
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Kade Bose
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA
| | - Nikol Keren
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, USA
| | | | - Michael J Cima
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Department of Materials Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA
| | - Ann M Graybiel
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA
| | - Helen N Schwerdt
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, USA; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
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Wu GK, Ardeshirpour Y, Mastracchio C, Kent J, Caiola M, Ye M. Amplitude- and frequency-dependent activation of layer II/III neurons by intracortical microstimulation. iScience 2023; 26:108140. [PMID: 37915592 PMCID: PMC10616374 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) has been used for the development of brain machine interfaces. However, further understanding about the spatiotemporal responses of neurons to different electrical stimulation parameters is necessary to inform the design of optimal therapies. In this study, we employed in vivo electrophysiological recording, two-photon calcium imaging, and electric field simulation to evaluate the acute effect of ICMS on layer II/III neurons. Our results show that stimulation frequency non-linearly modulates neuronal responses, whereas the magnitude of responses is linearly correlated to the electric field strength and stimulation amplitude before reaching a steady state. Temporal dynamics of neurons' responses depends more on stimulation frequency and their distance to the stimulation electrode. In addition, amplitude-dependent post-stimulation suppression was observed within ∼500 μm of the stimulation electrode, as evidenced by both calcium imaging and local field potentials. These findings provide insights for selecting stimulation parameters to achieve desirable spatiotemporal specificity of ICMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangying K. Wu
- Division of Biomedical Physics, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Yasaman Ardeshirpour
- Division of Biomedical Physics, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Christina Mastracchio
- Division of Biomedical Physics, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Jordan Kent
- Division of Biomedical Physics, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
- Scientific Publications Department, Society for Neuroscience, Washington DC, USA
| | - Michael Caiola
- Division of Biomedical Physics, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Meijun Ye
- Division of Biomedical Physics, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
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Zhu Y, Yang Y, Ni G, Li S, Liu W, Gao Z, Zhang X, Zhang Q, Wang C, Zhou J. On-demand electrically controlled melatonin release from PEDOT/SNP composite improves quality of chronic neural recording. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1284927. [PMID: 38033812 PMCID: PMC10684936 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1284927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-time and high-quality signal acquisition performance from implantable electrodes is the key to establish stable and efficient brain-computer interface (BCI) connections. The chronic performance of implantable electrodes is hindered by the inflammatory response of brain tissue. In order to solve the material limitation of biological interface electrodes, we designed sulfonated silica nanoparticles (SNPs) as the dopant of Poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) to modify the implantable electrodes. In this work, melatonin (MT) loaded SNPs were incorporated in PEDOT via electrochemical deposition on nickel-chromium (Ni-Cr) alloy electrode and carbon nanotube (CNT) fiber electrodes, without affecting the acute neural signal recording capacity. After coating with PEDOT/SNP-MT, the charge storage capacity of both electrodes was significantly increased, and the electrochemical impedance at 1 kHz of the Ni-Cr alloy electrodes was significantly reduced, while that of the CNT electrodes was significantly increased. In addition, this study inspected the effect of electrically triggered MT release every other day on the quality and longevity of neural recording from implanted neural electrodes in rat hippocampus for 1 month. Both MT modified Ni-Cr alloy electrodes and CNT electrodes showed significantly higher spike amplitude after 26-day recording. Significantly, the histological studies showed that the number of astrocytes around the implanted Ni-Cr alloy electrodes was significantly reduced after MT release. These results demonstrate the potent outcome of PEDOT/SNP-MT treatment in improving the chronic neural recording quality possibly through its anti-inflammatory property.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Changyong Wang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Zhou
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Sanda R, Yamashita K, Sawahata H, Sakamoto K, Yamagiwa S, Yokoyama S, Numano R, Koida K, Kawano T. Low-invasive neural recording in mouse models with diabetes via an ultrasmall needle-electrode. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 240:115605. [PMID: 37669586 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is known to cause a variety of complications, having a high correlation with Alzheimer's disease. Electrophysiological recording using a microscale needle electrode is a promising technology for the study, however, diabetic brain tissue is more difficult to record neuronal activities than normal tissue due to these complications including the development of cerebrovascular disease. Here we show an electrophysiological methodology for diabetic db/db mice (+Leprdb/+Leprdb) using a 4-μm-tip diameter needle-electrode device. The needle electrode minimized the tissue injury when compared to a typical larger metal electrode, as confirmed by bleeding during penetration. The proposed electrode device showed both acute and chronic in vivo recording capabilities for diabetic mice while reducing the glial cells' responses. Because of these device characteristics, the 4-μm-tip diameter needle-electrode will allow electrophysiological studies on diabetes models of not only mice, as proven in this study, but also other animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rioki Sanda
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, 441-8580, Japan
| | - Koji Yamashita
- Electronics-Interdisciplinary Research Institute (EIIRIS), Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, 441-8580, Japan
| | - Hirohito Sawahata
- National Institute of Technology, Ibaraki College, 866 Nakane, Hitachinaka, 312-8508, Japan
| | - Kensei Sakamoto
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, 441-8580, Japan
| | - Shota Yamagiwa
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, 441-8580, Japan
| | - Shohei Yokoyama
- TechnoPro, Inc., TechnoPro R&D Company, 6-10-1 Roppongi, Minato-ku, 106-6135, Japan
| | - Rika Numano
- Electronics-Interdisciplinary Research Institute (EIIRIS), Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, 441-8580, Japan; Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, 441-8580, Japan
| | - Kowa Koida
- Electronics-Interdisciplinary Research Institute (EIIRIS), Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, 441-8580, Japan; Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, 441-8580, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kawano
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, 441-8580, Japan; Electronics-Interdisciplinary Research Institute (EIIRIS), Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, 441-8580, Japan.
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