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Jia J, Minella M, Del Castillo González I, Lehmann AH, Li D, Gonçalves NPF, Prevot AB, Lin T, Giannakis S. From rust to robust disinfectants: How do iron oxides and inorganic oxidants synergize with UVA light towards bacterial inactivation? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 931:172740. [PMID: 38677424 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Pathogens in drinking water remain a challenge for human health, photo-Fenton process is a promising technique for pathogen inactivation, herein, two common iron oxides, hematite and magnetite mediate persulfate (peroxymonosulfate-PMS - and peroxydisulfate-PDS) involved photo-Fenton-like processes were constructed for E. coli inactivation, and the inactivation performance was investigated and compared with the photo-Fenton process under a low intensity UVA irradiation. Results indicated that with a low dose of iron oxides (1 mg/L) and inorganic peroxides (10 mg/L), PMS-involved photo-Fenton-like process is the best substitute for the photo-Fenton one over pH range of 5-8. In addition, humic acid (HA, one of the important components of natural organic matter) incorporated iron oxide-mediated photo-Fenton-like processes for bacteria inactivation was also studied, and facilitating effect was found in UVA/hematite/PMS and UVA/magnetite/PDS systems. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) exploration experiments revealed that ·OH was the predominant radical in H2O2- and PDS-containing systems, whereas 1O2 was one of the principal reactive species in the PMS systems. In addition to the semiconductor photocatalysis of iron oxides and UVA-activated oxidants, iron-complexes (iron-oxidant complexes and iron-bacteria complexes) mediated ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) processes also made contribution to bacterial inactivation. Overall, this study demonstrates that it is feasible to replace H2O2 with PMS in a photo-Fenton-like process for water disinfection using a low dose of reagents, mediated by cheap catalysts, such as hematite and magnetite, it is also hoped to provide some insights to practical water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Jia
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, E.T.S. Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Departamento de Ingeniería Civil: Hidráulica, Energía y Medio Ambiente, Unidad docente Ingeniería Sanitaria, c/ Profesor Aranguren, s/n, ES-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marco Minella
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 5, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Isabel Del Castillo González
- Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, E.T.S. Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Departamento de Ingeniería Civil: Hidráulica, Energía y Medio Ambiente, Unidad docente Ingeniería Sanitaria, c/ Profesor Aranguren, s/n, ES-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aurelio Hernández Lehmann
- Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, E.T.S. Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Departamento de Ingeniería Civil: Hidráulica, Energía y Medio Ambiente, Unidad docente Ingeniería Sanitaria, c/ Profesor Aranguren, s/n, ES-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Dong Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, PR China
| | - Nuno P F Gonçalves
- CICECO - Instituto de Materiais de Aveiro, Departamento de Química, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 5, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | | | - Tao Lin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China.
| | - Stefanos Giannakis
- Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, E.T.S. Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Departamento de Ingeniería Civil: Hidráulica, Energía y Medio Ambiente, Unidad docente Ingeniería Sanitaria, c/ Profesor Aranguren, s/n, ES-28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Gu C, Li J, Zhou W, An J, Tian L, Xiong F, Fei W, Feng Y, Ma J. Abiotic natural attenuation of 1,2,3-trichloropropane by natural magnetite under O 2 perturbation. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 357:142040. [PMID: 38615949 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
1,2,3-Trichloropropane (TCP) is an emerging groundwater pollutant, but there is a lack of reported studies on the abiotic natural attenuation of TCP by iron minerals. Furthermore, perturbation by O2 is common in the shallow subsurface by both natural and artificial processes. In this study, natural magnetite was selected as the reactive iron mineral to investigate its role in the degradation of TCP under O2 perturbation. The results indicated that the mineral structural Fe(II) on magnetite reacted with dissolved oxygen to generate O2-· and HO·. Both O2-· and HO· contributed to TCP degradation, with O2-· playing a more important role. After 56 days of reaction, 66.7% of TCP was completely dechlorinated. This study revealed that higher magnetite concentrations, smaller magnetite particle sizes, and lower initial TCP concentrations favored TCP degradation. The presence of <10 mg/L natural organic matter (NOM) did not affect TCP degradation. These findings significantly advance our understanding of the abiotic natural attenuation mechanisms facilitated by iron minerals under O2 perturbation, providing crucial insights for the study of natural attenuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyun Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Beijing Key Lab of Oil & Gas Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, 102249, China
| | - Jiabin Li
- Institute of Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, 100089, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Beijing Key Lab of Oil & Gas Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, 102249, China
| | - Jiayi An
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Beijing Key Lab of Oil & Gas Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, 102249, China
| | - Liting Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Beijing Key Lab of Oil & Gas Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, 102249, China
| | - Feng Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Beijing Key Lab of Oil & Gas Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, 102249, China
| | - Wenbo Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Beijing Key Lab of Oil & Gas Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, 102249, China
| | - Yangfan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Beijing Key Lab of Oil & Gas Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, 102249, China
| | - Jie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Beijing Key Lab of Oil & Gas Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, 102249, China.
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Peng B, Liao P, Jiang Y. A Meta-Analysis to Revisit the Property-Aggregation Relationships of Carbon Nanomaterials: Experimental Observations versus Predictions of the DLVO Theory. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:7127-7138. [PMID: 38512061 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Contradicting relationships between physicochemical properties of nanomaterials (e.g., size and ζ-potential) and their aggregation behavior have been constantly reported in previous literature, and such contradictions deviate from the predictions of the classic Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory. To resolve such controversies, in this work, we employed a meta-analytic approach to synthesize the data from 46 individual studies reporting the critical coagulation concentration (CCC) of two carbon nanomaterials, namely, graphene oxide (GO) and carbon nanotube (CNT). The correlations between CCC and material physicochemical properties (i.e., size, ζ-potential, and surface functionalities) were examined and compared to the theoretical predictions. Results showed that the CCC of electrostatically stabilized carbon nanomaterials increased with decreasing nanomaterial size when their hydrodynamic sizes were smaller than ca. 200 nm. This is qualitatively consistent with the prediction of the DLVO theory but with a smaller threshold size than the predicted 2 μm. Above the threshold size, the material ζ-potential can be correlated to CCC for nanomaterials with moderate/low surface charge, in agreement with the DLVO theory. The correlation was not observed for highly charged nanomaterials because of their underestimated surface potential by the ζ-potential. Furthermore, a correlation between the C/O ratio and CCC was observed, where a lower C/O ratio resulted in a higher CCC. Overall, our findings rationalized the inconsistency between experimental observation and theoretical prediction and provided essential insights into the aggregation behavior of nanomaterials in water, which could facilitate their rational design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Peng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Peng Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 99 Lingcheng West Road, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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Meng F, Tong H, Feng C, Huang Z, Wu P, Zhou J, Hua J, Wu F, Liu C. Structural Fe(II)-induced generation of reactive oxygen species on magnetite surface for aqueous As(III) oxidation during oxygen activation. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 252:121232. [PMID: 38309068 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Magnetite is a reductive Fe(II)-bearing mineral, and its reduction property is considered important for degradation of contaminants in groundwater and anaerobic subsurface environments. However, the redox condition of subsurface environments frequently changes from anaerobic to aerobic owing to natural and anthropogenic disturbances, generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) from the interaction between Fe(II)-bearing minerals and O2. Despite this, the mechanism of ROS generation induced by magnetite under aerobic conditions is poorly understood, which may play a crucial role in As(III) oxidation. Herein, we found that magnetite could activate O2 and induce the oxidative transformation of As(III) under aerobic conditions. As(III) oxidation was attributed to the ROS generated via structural Fe(II) within the magnetite octahedra oxygenation. The electron paramagnetic resonance and quenching tests confirmed that O2•-, H2O2, and •OH were produced by magnetite. Moreover, density function theory calculations combined with experiments demonstrated that O2•- was initially formed via single electron transfer from the structural Fe(II) to the adsorbed O2; O2•- was then converted to •OH and H2O2 via a series of free radical reactions. Among them, O2•-and H2O2 were the primary ROS responsible for As(III) oxidation, accounting for approximately 52 % and 19 % of As(III) oxidation. Notably, As(III) oxidation mainly occurred on the magnetite surface, and As was immobilized further within the magnetite structure. This study provides solid evidence regarding the role of magnetite in determining the fate and transformation of As in redox-fluctuating subsurface environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyuan Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China; National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hui Tong
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Chunhua Feng
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ziyuan Huang
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Pan Wu
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Jimei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Jian Hua
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Fei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China.
| | - Chengshuai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China.
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Flieger J, Pasieczna-Patkowska S, Żuk N, Panek R, Korona-Głowniak I, Suśniak K, Pizoń M, Franus W. Characteristics and Antimicrobial Activities of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Obtained via Mixed-Mode Chemical/Biogenic Synthesis Using Spent Hop ( Humulus lupulus L.) Extracts. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:111. [PMID: 38391497 PMCID: PMC10886061 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13020111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have many practical applications, ranging from environmental protection to biomedicine. IONPs are being investigated due to their high potential for antimicrobial activity and lack of toxicity to humans. However, the biological activity of IONPs is not uniform and depends on the synthesis conditions, which affect the shape, size and surface modification. The aim of this work is to synthesise IONPs using a mixed method, i.e., chemical co-precipitation combined with biogenic surface modification, using extracts from spent hops (Humulus lupulus L.) obtained as waste product from supercritical carbon dioxide hop extraction. Different extracts (water, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), 80% ethanol, acetone, water) were further evaluated for antioxidant activity based on the silver nanoparticle antioxidant capacity (SNPAC), total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC). The IONPs were characterised via UV-vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS) and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Spent hop extracts showed a high number of flavonoid compounds. The efficiency of the solvents used for the extraction can be classified as follows: DMSO > 80% ethanol > acetone > water. FT-IR/ATR spectra revealed the involvement of flavonoids such as xanthohumol and/or isoxanthohumol, bitter acids (i.e., humulones, lupulones) and proteins in the surface modification of the IONPs. SEM images showed a granular, spherical structure of the IONPs with diameters ranging from 81.16 to 142.5 nm. Surface modification with extracts generally weakened the activity of the IONPs against the tested Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and yeasts by half. Only the modification of IONPs with DMSO extract improved their antibacterial properties against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus cereus) from a MIC value of 2.5-10 mg/mL to 0.313-1.25 mg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Flieger
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4A, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Sylwia Pasieczna-Patkowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Technology, Maria Curie Skłodowska University, Pl. Maria Curie-Skłodowskiej 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Natalia Żuk
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4A, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Rafał Panek
- Department of Geotechnics, Civil Engineering and Architecture Faculty, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 40, 20-618 Lublin, Poland
| | - Izabela Korona-Głowniak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1 St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Suśniak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1 St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Magdalena Pizoń
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4A, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Wojciech Franus
- Department of Geotechnics, Civil Engineering and Architecture Faculty, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 40, 20-618 Lublin, Poland
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Bernad SI, Socoliuc V, Craciunescu I, Turcu R, Bernad ES. Field-Induced Agglomerations of Polyethylene-Glycol-Functionalized Nanoclusters: Rheological Behaviour and Optical Microscopy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2612. [PMID: 38004590 PMCID: PMC10675764 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This research aims to investigate the agglomeration processes of magnetoresponsive functionalized nanocluster suspensions in a magnetic field, as well as how these structures impact the behaviour of these suspensions in biomedical applications. The synthesis, shape, colloidal stability, and magnetic characteristics of PEG-functionalized nanoclusters are described in this paper. Experiments using TEM, XPS, dynamic light scattering (DLS), VSM, and optical microscopy were performed to study chain-like agglomeration production and its influence on colloidal behaviour in physiologically relevant suspensions. The applied magnetic field aligns the magnetic moments of the nanoclusters. It provides an attraction between neighbouring particles, resulting in the formation of chains, linear aggregates, or agglomerates of clusters aligned along the applied field direction. Optical microscopy has been used to observe the creation of these aligned linear formations. The design of chain-like structures can cause considerable changes in the characteristics of ferrofluids, ranging from rheological differences to colloidal stability changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandor I. Bernad
- Centre for Fundamental and Advanced Technical Research, Romanian Academy—Timisoara Branch, Mihai Viteazul Str. 24, RO-300223 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Vlad Socoliuc
- Centre for Fundamental and Advanced Technical Research, Romanian Academy—Timisoara Branch, Mihai Viteazul Str. 24, RO-300223 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Izabell Craciunescu
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies (INCDTIM), Donat Str. 67-103, RO-400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.C.); (R.T.)
| | - Rodica Turcu
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies (INCDTIM), Donat Str. 67-103, RO-400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.C.); (R.T.)
| | - Elena S. Bernad
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes” Timisoara, P-ta Eftimie Murgu 2, RO-300041 Timisoara, Romania;
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7
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Disentangling the size-dependent redox reactivity of iron oxides using thermodynamic relationships. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2204673119. [PMID: 36161900 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2204673119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles often exhibit size-dependent redox reactivities, with smaller particles being more reactive in some cases, while less reactive in others. Predicting trends between redox reaction rates and particle sizes is often complicated because a particle's dimensions can simultaneously influence its aggregation state, reactive surface area, and thermodynamic properties. Here, we tested the hypothesis that interfacial redox reaction rates for nanoparticles with different sizes can be described with a single linear free-energy relationship (LFER) if size-dependent reactive surface areas and thermodynamic properties are properly considered. We tested this hypothesis using a well-known interfacial redox reaction: the reduction of nitrobenzene to aniline by iron-oxide-bound Fe2+. We measured the reduction potential (EH) values of nano-particulate hematite suspensions containing aqueous Fe2+ using mediated potentiometry and characterized the size and aggregation states of hematite samples at circumneutral pH values. We used the measured EH values to calculate surface energies and reactive surface areas using thermodynamic relationships. Nitrobenzene reduction rates were lower for smaller particles, despite their larger surface areas, due to their higher surface energies. When differences in surface areas and thermodynamic properties were considered, nitrobenzene reduction kinetics for all particle sizes was described with a LFER. Our results demonstrate that when Fe2+ serves as a reductant, an antagonistic effect exists, with smaller particles having larger reactive surface areas but also more positive reduction potentials. When Fe3+ serves as an oxidant, however, these two effects work in concert, which likely explains past discrepancies regarding how iron oxide particle sizes influence redox reaction rates.
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Chen N, Geng M, Huang D, Tan M, Li Z, Liu G, Zhu C, Fang G, Zhou D. Hydroxyl radical formation during oxygen-mediated oxidation of ferrous iron on mineral surface: Dependence on mineral identity. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 434:128861. [PMID: 35405609 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have examined the redox behavior of ferrous ions (Fe(II)) sorbed to mineral surfaces. However, the associated hydroxyl radical (•OH) formation during Fe(II) oxidation by O2 was rarely investigated at circumneutral pH. Therefore, we examined •OH formation during oxygenation of adsorbed Fe(II) (Fe(II)sorbed) on common minerals. Results showed that 16.7 ± 0.4-25.6 ± 0.3 μM of •OH was produced in Fe(II) and α/γ-Al2O3 systems after oxidation of 24 h, much more than in systems with dissolved Fe(II) (Fe2+aq) alone (10.3 ± 0.1 μM). However, •OH production in Fe(II) and α-FeOOH/α-Fe2O3 systems (6.9 ± 0.1-8.3 ± 0.1 μM) slightly decreased compared to Fe2+aq only. Further analyses showed that enhanced oxidation of Fe(II)sorbed was responsible for the increased •OH production in the Fe(II)/Al2O3 systems. In comparison, less Fe(II) was oxidized in the α-FeOOH/α-Fe2O3 systems, which was probably ascribed to the quick electron-transfer between Fe(II)sorbed and Fe(III) lattice due to their semiconductor properties and induced formation of high-crystalline Fe(II) phases that hindered Fe(II) oxidation and •OH formation. The types of minerals and solution pH strongly affected Fe(II) oxidation and •OH production, which consequently impacted phenol degradation. This study highlights that the properties of minerals exert great impacts on surface-Fe(II) oxidation and •OH production during water/soil redox fluctuations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengyuan Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Danyu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengxi Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zipeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guangxia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Changyin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guodong Fang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongmei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China.
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9
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Muanpaopong N, Davé R, Bilgili E. A cell-based PBM for continuous open-circuit dry milling: Impact of axial mixing, nonlinear breakage, and screen size. POWDER TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2021.117099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Aberdeen S, Hur CA, Cali E, Vandeperre L, Ryan MP. Acid resistant functionalised magnetic nanoparticles for radionuclide and heavy metal adsorption. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 608:1728-1738. [PMID: 34743045 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Coating superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs with SiO2 has been established in order to confer stability in acidic media. Acid stability tests were carried out between pH 1 and pH 7 to determine the effectiveness of the SiO2 passivating layer to protect the magnetic Fe3O4 core. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and zeta potential measurements have shown that uncoated Fe3O4 NPs exhibit rapid agglomeration and dissolution when exposed to acidic media, moving from a zeta potential of - 26 mV to a zeta potential of + 3 mV. In contrast, the SiO2 coating of the Fe3O4 NPs shows a very high degree of stability for over 14 months and the zeta potential of these NPs remained at ∼- 39 mV throughout the acid exposure and they showed no loss in magnetisaton. Due to the use of these NPs as a potential tool for heavy metal extraction, the stability of the surface functionalisation (in this case a phosphate complex) was also assessed. With a constant zeta potential of ∼ - 29 mV for POx-SiO2@Fe3O4 NP complex, the phosphate functionality was shown to be highly stable in the acidic conditions simulating the environment of certain nuclear wastes. ATR-FTIR was conducted after acid exposure confirming that the phosphate complex on the surface of the NPs remained present. Finally, preliminary sorption experiments were carried out with Pb(II), where the NP complexes shown complete removal of the heavy metals at pH 3 and pH 5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart Aberdeen
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Chang An Hur
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Eleonora Cali
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Luc Vandeperre
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Mary P Ryan
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK; London Centre of Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
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11
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Huang J, Jones A, Waite TD, Chen Y, Huang X, Rosso KM, Kappler A, Mansor M, Tratnyek PG, Zhang H. Fe(II) Redox Chemistry in the Environment. Chem Rev 2021; 121:8161-8233. [PMID: 34143612 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is the fourth most abundant element in the earth's crust and plays important roles in both biological and chemical processes. The redox reactivity of various Fe(II) forms has gained increasing attention over recent decades in the areas of (bio) geochemistry, environmental chemistry and engineering, and material sciences. The goal of this paper is to review these recent advances and the current state of knowledge of Fe(II) redox chemistry in the environment. Specifically, this comprehensive review focuses on the redox reactivity of four types of Fe(II) species including aqueous Fe(II), Fe(II) complexed with ligands, minerals bearing structural Fe(II), and sorbed Fe(II) on mineral oxide surfaces. The formation pathways, factors governing the reactivity, insights into potential mechanisms, reactivity comparison, and characterization techniques are discussed with reference to the most recent breakthroughs in this field where possible. We also cover the roles of these Fe(II) species in environmental applications of zerovalent iron, microbial processes, biogeochemical cycling of carbon and nutrients, and their abiotic oxidation related processes in natural and engineered systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhi Huang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 2104 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Adele Jones
- UNSW Water Research Centre, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - T David Waite
- UNSW Water Research Centre, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Yiling Chen
- Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaopeng Huang
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Kevin M Rosso
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Andreas Kappler
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Muammar Mansor
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Paul G Tratnyek
- School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, Oregon 97239, United States
| | - Huichun Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 2104 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
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12
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Li T, Liang J, Zhou L. Fabricating Fe 3O 4-schwertmannite as a Z-scheme photocatalyst with excellent photocatalysis-Fenton reaction and recyclability. J Environ Sci (China) 2020; 98:186-195. [PMID: 33097151 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Here we reported an effective method to solve the rate-limiting steps, such as the reduction of Fe3+ to Fe2+ and an invalid decomposition of H2O2 in a conventional Fenton-like reaction. A magnetic heterogeneous photocatalyst, Fe3O4-schwertmannite (Fe3O4-sch) was successfully developed by adding Fe3O4 in the formation process of schwertmannite. Fe3O4-sch shows excellent electrons transfer ability and high utilization efficiency of H2O2 (98.5%). The catalytic activity of Fe3O4-sch was studied through the degradation of phenol in the heterogeneous photo-Fenton process. Phenol degradation at a wide pH (3 - 9) was up to 98% within 6 min under visible light illumination with the Fe3O4-sch as heterogeneous Fenton catalyst, which was higher than that using pure schwertmannite or Fe3O4. The excellent photocatalytic performance of Fe3O4-sch is ascribed to the effective recycling between Fe3+ and Fe2+ by the photo-generated electron, and also profit from the formation of the "Z-Scheme" system. According to the relevant data, photocatalytic mechanism of Fe3O4-sch for degrading phenol was proposed. This study not only provides an efficient way of enhancing heterogeneous Fenton reaction, but also gives potential application for iron oxyhydroxysulfate mineral.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jianru Liang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lixiang Zhou
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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13
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Shrestha S, Wang B, Dutta P. Nanoparticle processing: Understanding and controlling aggregation. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 279:102162. [PMID: 32334131 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are commonly defined as particles with size <100 nm and are currently of considerable technological and academic interest, since they are often the starting materials for nanotechnology. Novel properties develop as a bulk material is reduced to nanodimensions and is reflected in new chemistry, physics and biology. With reduction in size, a greater function of the atoms is at the surface, and promote different interaction with its environment, as compared to the bulk material. In addition, the reduction in size alters the electronic structure of the material, resulting in novel quantum effects. Size also influences mobility, primarily controlled by Brownian motion for NPs, and relevant in biological and environmental processes. However, the small size also leads to high surface energy, and NPs tend to aggregate, thereby lowering the surface energy. In all applications, the uncontrolled aggregation of NPs can have negative effects and needs to be avoided. There are however examples of controlled aggregation of NPs which give rise to novel effects. This review article is focused on the NP features that influences aggregation. Common strategies for synthesis of NPs from the gas and liquid phases are discussed with emphasis on aggregation during and after synthesis. The theory involving Van der Waals attractive force and electrical repulsive force as the controlling features of the stability of NPs is discussed, followed by examples of how repulsive and attractive forces can be manipulated experimentally to control NP aggregation. In some applications, NPs prepared by liquid methods need to be isolated for further applications. The process of solvent removal introduces new forces such as capillary forces that promote aggregation, in many cases, irreversibly. Strategies for controlling aggregation upon drying are discussed. There are also many methods for redispersing aggregated NPs, which involve mechanical forces, as well as manipulating capillary forces and surface characteristics. We conclude this review with a discussion of aggregation relevant real-world applications of NPs. This review should be relevant for scientists and technologists interested in NPs, since emphasis has been on the practical aspects of NP-based technology, and especially, strategies relevant to controlling NP aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sweta Shrestha
- ZeoVation, 1275 Kinnear Road, Columbus, OH 43212, United States of America
| | - Bo Wang
- ZeoVation, 1275 Kinnear Road, Columbus, OH 43212, United States of America
| | - Prabir Dutta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States of America.
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14
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Paydary P, Larese-Casanova P. Water chemistry influences on long-term dissolution kinetics of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots. J Environ Sci (China) 2020; 90:216-233. [PMID: 32081318 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2019.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Widespread usage of engineered metallic quantum dots (QDs) within consumer products has evoked a need to assess their fate within environmental systems. QDs are mixed-metal nanocrystals that often include Cd2+ which poses a health risk as a nanocrystal or when leached into water. The goal of this work is to study the long-term metal cation leaching behavior and the factors affecting the dissolution processes of mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) capped CdSe/ZnS QDs in aphotic conditions. QD suspensions were prepared in different water conditions, and release of Zn2+ and Cd2+ cations were monitored over time by size exclusion chromatography-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. In most conditions with dissolved O2 present, the ZnS shell degraded fairly rapidly over ~1 week, while some of the CdSe core remained up to 80 days. Additional MPA, Zn2+, and Cd2+ temporarily delayed dissolution, indicating a moderate role for capping agent detachment and mineral solubility. The presence of H2O2 and the ligand ethylenediaminetetraacetate accelerated dissolution, while NOM had no kinetic effect. No dissolution of CdSe core was observed when O2 was absent or when QDs formed aggregates at higher concentrations with O2 present. The shrinking particle model with product layer diffusion control best describes Zn2+ and Cd2+ dissolution kinetics. The longevity of QDs in their nanocrystal form appears to be partly controlled by environmental conditions, with anoxic, aphotic environments preserving the core mineral phase, and oxidants or complexing ligands promoting shell and core mineral dissolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooya Paydary
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Philip Larese-Casanova
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
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15
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Sundman A, Vitzthum AL, Adaktylos-Surber K, Figueroa AI, van der Laan G, Daus B, Kappler A, Byrne JM. Effect of Fe-metabolizing bacteria and humic substances on magnetite nanoparticle reactivity towards arsenic and chromium. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 384:121450. [PMID: 31759758 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Magnetite is a magnetic, Fe(II)-Fe(III)-mineral formed through abiogenic and biogenic pathways. It constitutes an attractive material for remediation due to its reactivity, large surface-area-to-volume ratio when present as nanoparticles, and magnetic recoverability. Magnetite can be repeatedly microbially oxidized or reduced, but it is unclear how this influences the reactivity of magnetite towards toxic metal or metalloid contaminants. In this study, magnetite (both abiogenic and biogenic) was exposed to microbial Fe(II) oxidation and Fe(III) reduction, before reacted with hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) or pentavalent arsenic (As(V)). Results showed microbial reduction of both magnetite types improved the removal rate of Cr(VI) from solution, though surprisingly microbial Fe(II)-oxidation also showed enhanced reactivity towards Cr(VI) compared to un-treated magnetite. Synchrotron based analysis confirmed the formation of Cr(III) at the surface of the magnetite. Reactivity with As was less dramatic and showed un-treated material was able to remove As(V) from solution faster than microbially Fe(III)-reduced and Fe(II)-oxidized magnetite. The presence of humic substances was also shown to lead to a decreased reactivity of biogenic and abiogenic magnetite towards As(V) and Cr(VI). Our results imply that Fe-metabolizing bacteria influence the immobilization of contaminants and should be considered when evaluating remediation schemes, especially where Fe-metabolizing bacteria are active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneli Sundman
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tuebingen, Sigwartstrasse 10, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Anna-Lena Vitzthum
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tuebingen, Sigwartstrasse 10, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Konstantin Adaktylos-Surber
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tuebingen, Sigwartstrasse 10, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | | | | | - Birgit Daus
- Department Analytical Chemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andreas Kappler
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tuebingen, Sigwartstrasse 10, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - James M Byrne
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tuebingen, Sigwartstrasse 10, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
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16
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Huang J, Zhang H. Mn-based catalysts for sulfate radical-based advanced oxidation processes: A review. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 133:105141. [PMID: 31520961 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sulfate radical-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have drawn increasing attention during the past two decades, and Mn-based materials have been proven to be effective catalysts for activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and peroxydisulfate (PDS) to degrade many contaminants. This article presents a comprehensive review of various Mn-based materials to activate PMS and PDS. The activation mechanisms of different Mn-based catalysts (i.e., Mn oxides MnOx, MnOx hybrids, and MnOx‑carbonaceous material composites) were first summarized and discussed in detail. Besides the commonly reported free radicals (SO4-• and •OH), non-radical mechanisms such as singlet oxygen and direct electron transfer have also been discovered for selected materials. The effects of pH, inorganic ions, natural organic matter (NOM), dissolved oxygen content, temperature, and the crystallinity of the materials on the catalytic reactivity were also discussed. Then, important instrumentations and technologies employed to characterize Mn-based materials and to understand the reaction mechanisms were concisely summarized. Three common overlooks in the experimental designs for examining the PMS/PDS-MnOx systems were also discussed. Finally, future research directions were suggested to further improve the technology and to provide a guidance to develop cost-effective Mn-based materials to activate PMS/PDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhi Huang
- Department of Civil Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States
| | - Huichun Zhang
- Department of Civil Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States.
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17
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Huang J, Wang Q, Wang Z, Zhang H. Interactions and Reductive Reactivity in Ternary Mixtures of Fe(II), Goethite, and Phthalic Acid Based on a Combined Experimental and Modeling Approach. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:8220-8227. [PMID: 31140818 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The interactions between organic ligands, Fe(II), and iron oxides are important in biogeochemical redox processes. The effect of phthalic acid (PHA) on the reductive reactivity of Fe(II) associated with goethite was examined using batch adsorption and kinetic studies, attenuated total reflectance?Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR?FTIR), and surface complexation modeling (SCM). PHA significantly inhibited the reductive reactivity of Fe(II)/goethite, as quantified by the pseudo-first-order reduction rate constants ( k) of p-cyanonitrobenzene. The k value decreased from 1.68 ? 0.03 to 0.338 ? 0.14 h?1 at pH 6.0 as the PHA concentration increased from 0 to 1000 ?M. The effects of the co-adsorption of Fe(II) and PHA onto goethite were then investigated to study the inhibition mechanism. The adsorption experiments showed that Fe(II) slightly enhanced PHA adsorption, whereas PHA did not affect Fe(II) adsorption, suggesting that the inhibition was not due to different amounts of Fe(II) adsorbed. The ATR?FTIR spectra of the adsorbed PHA in the ternary mixtures demonstrated that the major surface species was outer-sphere species, with minor inner-sphere complexes formed. SCM results showed that the presence of PHA (L) led to the formation of a type A ternary species ((?FeOFe+)2???L2?) on the goethite surface, decreasing the abundance of the reactive species (?FeOFeOH). Moreover, the adsorption of PHA on the surface of goethite might block the reactive sites and inhibit the electron transfer between Fe(II) and goethite, thus decreasing the reactivity. Overall, these findings provided new insights into the reaction mechanisms of surface-adsorbed Fe(II), which will facilitate the development of new technologies for site remediation and more accurate risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhi Huang
- Department of Civil Engineering , Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland , Ohio 44106-7220 , United States
| | - Qihuang Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering , Fudan University , Shanghai 200086 , China
| | - Zimeng Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering , Fudan University , Shanghai 200086 , China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security , Shanghai 200092 , China
| | - Huichun Zhang
- Department of Civil Engineering , Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland , Ohio 44106-7220 , United States
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18
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An J, Li N, Wang S, Liao C, Zhou L, Li T, Wang X, Feng Y. A novel electro-coagulation-Fenton for energy efficient cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins removal without chemical addition. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 365:650-658. [PMID: 30472450 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.11.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Harmful cyanobacterial bloom is a serious threat to global aquatic ecology and drinking water safety. Electro-Fenton (EF) has emerged as an efficient process for cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins removal, but high consumption of energy and chemicals remain a major bottleneck. This study presents a novel convertible three-electrodes Electro-Coagulation-Fenton process for cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins removal with low energy consumption and no chemicals addition. We for the first time demonstrated the freely alternating between Electrocoagulation (EC) and EF by switching electrodes. The optimal aerated EC was operated at pH 8 and 100 mA to remove 91 ± 2% of cyanobaterial cells and 15% of Microcystins (MCs). Coagulants generated in EC were adsorbed on cyanobacterial cells to form a protect layer against algae disruption and cyanotoxins releasing. Residual MCs and cyanobaterial cells were completely mineralized by EF at 28 mA with iron ions and H2O2 generated in-situ. Compare to traditional EF, the optimal Electro-Coagulation-Fenton process increased total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiency by 30%, yet energy consumption reduced up to 92%. The novel Electro-Coagulation-Fenton process is a promising technology for the efficient treatment of the mixture of suspended solid pollutants and persistent organic pollutants in one system with low energy consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingkun An
- Academy of Environment and Ecology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Nan Li
- Academy of Environment and Ecology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China.
| | - Shu Wang
- Academy of Environment and Ecology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Chengmei Liao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Lean Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Tian Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Xin Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Yujie Feng
- Academy of Environment and Ecology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, China.
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19
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Yan J, Peng J, Lai L, Ji F, Zhang Y, Lai B, Chen Q, Yao G, Chen X, Song L. Activation CuFe 2O 4 by Hydroxylamine for Oxidation of Antibiotic Sulfamethoxazole. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:14302-14310. [PMID: 30424608 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b03340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A new potential oxidation process is provided by CuFe2O4/hydroxylamine (HA) system for degradation of antibiotics in water. The CuFe2O4/HA system can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) for the degradation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX). The addition of radical scavengers, including benzoquinone (BQ) and catalase (CAT), inhibited the oxidation of SMX in CuFe2O4/HA system. Electron transfer in the CuFe2O4/HA system played a key function for the generation of ROS and the degradation of SMX. The main ROS, was the superoxide radical (O2•-) mainly generated from adsorbed oxygen (O2(A)), which came from the oxidation of the lattice oxygen (O2-(L)) in CuFe2O4. The CuFe2O4/HA system was effectively applicable for a broad pH range (approximately 5-10). In addition, the activation mechanism for CuFe2O4/HA system was studied with the target contaminant SMX. Finally, the degradation pathways of SMX were proposed under the optimal conditions in CuFe2O4/HA system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Yan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , P. R. China
| | - Jiali Peng
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , P. R. China
| | - Leiduo Lai
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , P. R. China
| | - Fangzhou Ji
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , P. R. China
| | - Yunhong Zhang
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture , Chengdu 610041 , P. R. China
| | - Bo Lai
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , P. R. China
- Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center for Flue Gas Desulfurization , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , P. R. China
- Institute of Environmental Engineering , RWTH Aachen University , Aachen 52056, Germany
| | - Qixuan Chen
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , P. R. China
| | - Gang Yao
- Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , P. R. China
- Institute of Environmental Engineering , RWTH Aachen University , Aachen 52056, Germany
| | - Xi Chen
- SCIEX Analytical Instrument Trading Co. , Shanghai , 200335 , P. R. China
| | - Liping Song
- SCIEX Analytical Instrument Trading Co. , Shanghai , 200335 , P. R. China
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20
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Hales-Messenger S, Swindle A. Using chromate to investigate the impact of mineral-organic contact time on the surface reactivity of goethite. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2018; 20:1469-1478. [PMID: 30230490 DOI: 10.1039/c8em00274f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Chromate was used as a chemical probe to investigate the impact of mineral-organic contact time on the surface reactivity of two different sizes of goethite particles. A series of goethite-chromate sorption batch reactions were conducted in the presence and absence of Suwannee River humic acid (HA) and natural organic matter (NOM) using nano- and micro-scale goethite particles. In experiments with added organics the amount of time allowed for goethite-organic matter interaction (i.e. contact time) was varied from less than 1 minute, up to 24 hours prior to the addition of chromate. Results indicated that nano- and micro-scale goethite in the absence of organics sorbed nearly identical amounts of chromate on a per mass basis, despite the greater surface area of the smaller particles. Results also indicated that the presence of ∼10 mg L-1 of HA and a contact time of less than 1 minute reduced the amount of chromate sorbed by both nano- and micro-scale goethite. Increasing the contact time resulted in greater decreases in chromate sorption. Experiments using NOM produced similar results. While chromate sorption was most rapid during the first hour of the experiments, goethite particles continued to sorb additional chromate over a period of up to 7 days. Additionally, a noticeable impact on chromate sorption due to increased contact time was present over that time period.
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21
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Rodríguez-Fernández D, Heckel B, Torrentó C, Meyer A, Elsner M, Hunkeler D, Soler A, Rosell M, Domènech C. Dual element (CCl) isotope approach to distinguish abiotic reactions of chlorinated methanes by Fe(0) and by Fe(II) on iron minerals at neutral and alkaline pH. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 206:447-456. [PMID: 29758502 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A dual element CCl isotopic study was performed for assessing chlorinated methanes (CMs) abiotic transformation reactions mediated by iron minerals and Fe(0) to further distinguish them in natural attenuation monitoring or when applying remediation strategies in polluted sites. Isotope fractionation was investigated during carbon tetrachloride (CT) and chloroform (CF) degradation in anoxic batch experiments with Fe(0), with FeCl2(aq), and with Fe-bearing minerals (magnetite, Mag and pyrite, Py) amended with FeCl2(aq), at two different pH values (7 and 12) representative of field and remediation conditions. At pH 7, only CT batches with Fe(0) and Py underwent degradation and CF accumulation evidenced hydrogenolysis. With Py, thiolytic reduction was revealed by CS2 yield and is a likely reason for different Λ value (Δδ13C/Δδ37Cl) comparing with Fe(0) experiments at pH 7 (2.9 ± 0.5 and 6.1 ± 0.5, respectively). At pH 12, all CT experiments showed degradation to CF, again with significant differences in Λ values between Fe(0) (5.8 ± 0.4) and Fe-bearing minerals (Mag, 2 ± 1, and Py, 3.7 ± 0.9), probably evidencing other parallel pathways (hydrolytic and thiolytic reduction). Variation of pH did not significantly affect the Λ values of CT degradation by Fe(0) nor Py. CF degradation by Fe(0) at pH 12 showed a Λ (8 ± 1) similar to that reported at pH 7 (8 ± 2), suggesting CF hydrogenolysis as the main reaction and that CF alkaline hydrolysis (13.0 ± 0.8) was negligible. Our data establish a base for discerning the predominant or combined pathways of CMs natural attenuation or for assessing the effectiveness of remediation strategies using recycled minerals or Fe(0).
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Rodríguez-Fernández
- Grup MAiMA, Mineralogia Aplicada, Geoquímica i Geomicrobiologia, Departament de Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Martí Franquès s/n, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Benjamin Heckel
- Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Clara Torrentó
- Centre d'hydrogéologie et de géothermie, Université de Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel 2000, Switzerland
| | - Armin Meyer
- Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Elsner
- Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Hunkeler
- Centre d'hydrogéologie et de géothermie, Université de Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel 2000, Switzerland
| | - Albert Soler
- Grup MAiMA, Mineralogia Aplicada, Geoquímica i Geomicrobiologia, Departament de Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Martí Franquès s/n, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mònica Rosell
- Grup MAiMA, Mineralogia Aplicada, Geoquímica i Geomicrobiologia, Departament de Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Martí Franquès s/n, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Domènech
- Grup MAiMA, Mineralogia Aplicada, Geoquímica i Geomicrobiologia, Departament de Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Martí Franquès s/n, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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22
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Storozhuk L, Iukhymenko N. Iron oxide nanoparticles modified with silanes for hyperthermia applications. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-018-0777-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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23
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Sikder M, Lead JR, Chandler GT, Baalousha M. A rapid approach for measuring silver nanoparticle concentration and dissolution in seawater by UV-Vis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 618:597-607. [PMID: 28411867 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Detection and quantification of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) in environmental systems is challenging and requires sophisticated analytical equipment. Furthermore, dissolution is an important environmental transformation process for silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) which affects the size, speciation and concentration of AgNPs in natural water systems. Herein, we present a simple approach for the detection, quantification and measurement of dissolution of PVP-coated AgNPs (PVP-AgNPs) based on monitoring their optical properties (extinction spectra) using UV-vis spectroscopy. The dependence of PVP-AgNPs extinction coefficient (ɛ) and maximum absorbance wavelength (λmax) on NP size was experimentally determined. The concentration, size, and extinction spectra of PVP-AgNPs were characterized during dissolution in 30ppt synthetic seawater. AgNPs concentration was determined as the difference between the total and dissolved Ag concentrations measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS); extinction spectra of PVP-AgNPs were monitored by UV-vis; and size evolution was monitored by atomic force microscopy (AFM) over a period of 96h. Empirical equations for the dependence of maximum absorbance wavelength (λmax) and extinction coefficient (ɛ) on NP size were derived. These empirical formulas were then used to calculate the size and concentration of PVP-AgNPs, and dissolved Ag concentration released from PVP-AgNPs in synthetic seawater at variable particle concentrations (i.e. 25-1500μgL-1) and in natural seawater at particle concentration of 100μgL-1. These results suggest that UV-vis can be used as an easy and quick approach for detection and quantification (size and concentration) of sterically stabilized PVP-AgNPs from their extinction spectra. This approach can also be used to monitor the release of Ag from PVP-AgNPs and the concurrent NP size change. Finally, in seawater, AgNPs dissolve faster and to a higher extent with the decrease in NP concentration toward environmentally relevant concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mithun Sikder
- Center for Environmental Nanoscience and Risk, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Jamie R Lead
- Center for Environmental Nanoscience and Risk, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - G Thomas Chandler
- Center for Environmental Nanoscience and Risk, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Mohammed Baalousha
- Center for Environmental Nanoscience and Risk, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States.
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24
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Usman M, Byrne JM, Chaudhary A, Orsetti S, Hanna K, Ruby C, Kappler A, Haderlein SB. Magnetite and Green Rust: Synthesis, Properties, and Environmental Applications of Mixed-Valent Iron Minerals. Chem Rev 2018; 118:3251-3304. [PMID: 29465223 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Mixed-valent iron [Fe(II)-Fe(III)] minerals such as magnetite and green rust have received a significant amount of attention over recent decades, especially in the environmental sciences. These mineral phases are intrinsic and essential parts of biogeochemical cycling of metals and organic carbon and play an important role regarding the mobility, toxicity, and redox transformation of organic and inorganic pollutants. The formation pathways, mineral properties, and applications of magnetite and green rust are currently active areas of research in geochemistry, environmental mineralogy, geomicrobiology, material sciences, environmental engineering, and environmental remediation. These aspects ultimately dictate the reactivity of magnetite and green rust in the environment, which has important consequences for the application of these mineral phases, for example in remediation strategies. In this review we discuss the properties, occurrence, formation by biotic as well as abiotic pathways, characterization techniques, and environmental applications of magnetite and green rust in the environment. The aim is to present a detailed overview of the key aspects related to these mineral phases which can be used as an important resource for researchers working in a diverse range of fields dealing with mixed-valent iron minerals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Usman
- Environmental Mineralogy, Center for Applied Geosciences , University of Tübingen , 72074 Tübingen , Germany.,Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences , University of Agriculture , Faisalabad 38040 , Pakistan
| | - J M Byrne
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences , University of Tübingen , 72074 Tübingen , Germany
| | - A Chaudhary
- Environmental Mineralogy, Center for Applied Geosciences , University of Tübingen , 72074 Tübingen , Germany.,Department of Environmental Science and Engineering , Government College University Faisalabad 38000 , Pakistan
| | - S Orsetti
- Environmental Mineralogy, Center for Applied Geosciences , University of Tübingen , 72074 Tübingen , Germany
| | - K Hanna
- Univ Rennes, École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes , CNRS, ISCR - UMR6226 , F-35000 Rennes , France
| | - C Ruby
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie pour l'Environnement , UMR 7564 CNRS-Université de Lorraine , 54600 Villers-Lès-Nancy , France
| | - A Kappler
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences , University of Tübingen , 72074 Tübingen , Germany
| | - S B Haderlein
- Environmental Mineralogy, Center for Applied Geosciences , University of Tübingen , 72074 Tübingen , Germany
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25
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Lv X, Li H, Ma Y, Yang H, Yang Q. Degradation of Carbon Tetrachloride by nanoscale Zero‐Valent Iron @ magnetic Fe
3
O
4
: Impact of reaction condition, Kinetics, Thermodynamics and Mechanism. Appl Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Lv
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources & Environmental EngineeringChina University of Geosciences (Beijing) Beijing 100083 PR China
| | - Hong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources & Environmental EngineeringChina University of Geosciences (Beijing) Beijing 100083 PR China
| | - Yiyang Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources & Environmental EngineeringChina University of Geosciences (Beijing) Beijing 100083 PR China
- China National Environmental Monitoring Center Beijing 100012 PR China
| | - Hui Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources & Environmental EngineeringChina University of Geosciences (Beijing) Beijing 100083 PR China
| | - Qi Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources & Environmental EngineeringChina University of Geosciences (Beijing) Beijing 100083 PR China
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26
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Lin HW, Couvreur K, Donose BC, Rabaey K, Yuan Z, Pikaar I. Electrochemical Production of Magnetite Nanoparticles for Sulfide Control in Sewers. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:12229-12234. [PMID: 29020773 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b01748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Recently, naturally occurring magnetite (Fe3O4) has emerged as a new material for sulfide control in sewers. However, unrefined magnetite could have high heavy metal contents (e.g., Cr, Zn, Ni, Sn, etc.) and the capacity to remove dissolved sulfide is reasonably limited due to relatively large particle sizes. To overcome the drawbacks of unrefined magnetite we used an electrochemical system with mild steel as sacrificial electrodes to in-situ generate high strength solutions of plate-like magnetite nanoparticles (MNP). MNP with a size range between 120 and 160 nm were electrochemically generated at 9.35 ± 0.28 g Fe3O4-Fe/L, resulting in a Coulombic efficiency (CE) for iron oxidation of 93.5 ± 2.8%. The produced MNP were found to effectively reduce sulfide levels in sewage from 12.7 ± 0.3 to 0.2 ± 0.0 mg S/L at a sulfide-to-MNP ratio of 0.26 g S/g Fe3O4-Fe. Subsequently, MNP were continuously generated with polarity switching at stable cell voltage for 31 days at 4.53 ± 0.35 g Fe3O4-Fe/L with a CE for iron oxidation of 92.4 ± 7.2%. The continuously produced MNP reduced sulfide at similar levels to around 0.2 mg S/L at a ratio of 0.28 g S/g Fe3O4-Fe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Wen Lin
- Advanced Water Management Centre (AWMC), The University of Queensland , St Lucia, Queensland QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Kenny Couvreur
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University , Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bogdan C Donose
- The School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland , St Lucia, Queensland QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Korneel Rabaey
- Advanced Water Management Centre (AWMC), The University of Queensland , St Lucia, Queensland QLD 4072, Australia
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University , Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Zhiguo Yuan
- Advanced Water Management Centre (AWMC), The University of Queensland , St Lucia, Queensland QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Ilje Pikaar
- Advanced Water Management Centre (AWMC), The University of Queensland , St Lucia, Queensland QLD 4072, Australia
- The School of Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland , St Lucia, Queensland QLD 4072, Australia
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27
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Bligh MW, Maheshwari P, David Waite T. Formation, reactivity and aging of amorphous ferric oxides in the presence of model and membrane bioreactor derived organics. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 124:341-352. [PMID: 28780358 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.07.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Iron salts are routinely dosed in wastewater treatment as a means of achieving effluent phosphorous concentration goals. The iron oxides that result from addition of iron salts partake in various reactions, including reductive dissolution and phosphate adsorption. The reactivity of these oxides is controlled by the conditions of formation and the processes, such as aggregation, that lead to a reduction in accessible surface sites following formation. The presence of organic compounds is expected to significantly impact these processes in a number of ways. In this study, amorphous ferric oxide (AFO) reactivity and aging was investigated following the addition of ferric iron (Fe(III)) to three solution systems: two synthetic buffered systems, either containing no organic or containing alginate, and a supernatant system containing soluble microbial products (SMPs) sourced from a membrane bioreactor (MBR). Reactivity of the Fe(III) phases in these systems at various times (1-60 min) following Fe(III) addition was quantified by determining the rate constants for ascorbate-mediated reductive dissolution over short (5 min) and long (60 min) dissolution periods and for a range (0.5-10 mM) of ascorbate concentrations. AFO particle size was monitored using dynamic light scattering during the aging and dissolution periods. In the presence of alginate, AFO particles appeared to be stabilized against aggregation. However, aging in the alginate system was remarkably similar to the inorganic system where aging is associated with aggregation. An aging mechanism involving restructuring within the alginate-AFO assemblage was proposed. In the presence of SMPs, a greater diversity of Fe(III) phases was evident with both a small labile pool of organically complexed Fe(III) and a polydisperse population of stabilized AFO particles present. The prevalence of low molecular weight organic molecules facilitated stabilization of the Fe(III) oxyhydroxides formed but subsequent aging observed in the alginate system did not occur. The reactivity of the Fe(III) in the supernatant system was maintained with little loss in reactivity over at least 24 h. The capacity of SMPs to maintain high reactivity of AFO has important implications in a reactor where Fe(III) phases encounter alternating redox conditions due to sludge recirculation, creating a cycle of reductive dissolution, oxidation and precipitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark W Bligh
- Water Research Centre, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Pradeep Maheshwari
- Water Research Centre, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - T David Waite
- Water Research Centre, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia.
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28
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Sundman A, Byrne JM, Bauer I, Menguy N, Kappler A. Interactions between magnetite and humic substances: redox reactions and dissolution processes. GEOCHEMICAL TRANSACTIONS 2017; 18:6. [PMID: 29086818 PMCID: PMC5648731 DOI: 10.1186/s12932-017-0044-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Humic substances (HS) are redox-active compounds that are ubiquitous in the environment and can serve as electron shuttles during microbial Fe(III) reduction thus reducing a variety of Fe(III) minerals. However, not much is known about redox reactions between HS and the mixed-valent mineral magnetite (Fe3O4) that can potentially lead to changes in Fe(II)/Fe(III) stoichiometry and even dissolve the magnetite. To address this knowledge gap, we incubated non-reduced (native) and reduced HS with four types of magnetite that varied in particle size and solid-phase Fe(II)/Fe(III) stoichiometry. We followed dissolved and solid-phase Fe(II) and Fe(III) concentrations over time to quantify redox reactions between HS and magnetite. Magnetite redox reactions and dissolution processes with HS varied depending on the initial magnetite and HS properties. The interaction between biogenic magnetite and reduced HS resulted in dissolution of the solid magnetite mineral, as well as an overall reduction of the magnetite. In contrast, a slight oxidation and no dissolution was observed when native and reduced HS interacted with 500 nm magnetite. This variability in the solubility and electron accepting and donating capacity of the different types of magnetite is likely an effect of differences in their reduction potential that is correlated to the magnetite Fe(II)/Fe(III) stoichiometry, particle size, and crystallinity. Our study suggests that redox-active HS play an important role for Fe redox speciation within minerals such as magnetite and thereby influence the reactivity of these Fe minerals and their role in biogeochemical Fe cycling. Furthermore, such processes are also likely to have an effect on the fate of other elements bound to the surface of Fe minerals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneli Sundman
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tuebingen, Sigwartstrasse 10, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - James M. Byrne
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tuebingen, Sigwartstrasse 10, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Iris Bauer
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tuebingen, Sigwartstrasse 10, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Nicolas Menguy
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR 7590, CNRS, MNHN, IRD, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Andreas Kappler
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tuebingen, Sigwartstrasse 10, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
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29
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Yin W, Strobel BW, B Hansen HC. Amino Acid-Assisted Dehalogenation of Carbon Tetrachloride by Green Rust: Inhibition of Chloroform Production. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:3445-3452. [PMID: 28244752 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b06244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Layered FeII-FeIII hydroxides (green rusts, GRs) are promising reactants for reductive dechlorination of chlorinated solvents due to high reaction rates and the opportunity to inject reactive slurries of the compounds into contaminant plumes. However, it is necessary to develop strategies that reduce the formation of toxic byproducts such as chloroform (CF). In this study, carbon tetrachloride (CT) dehalogenation by the chloride form of GR (GRCl) was tested in the presence of glycine (GLY) and other selected amino acids. GLY, alanine (ALA), and serine (SER) all resulted in remarkable suppression of CF formation with only ∼10% of CF recovery while sarcosine (SAR) showed insignificant effects. For two nonamino acid buffers, TRIS had little effect while HEPES resulted in a 40 times lower rate constant compared to experiments in which no buffer was added. The FeII complexing properties of the amino acids and buffers caused variable extents of GRCl dissolution which was linearly correlated with CF suppression and dehalogenation rate. We hypothesize that the CF suppression seen for amino acids is caused by stabilization of carbene intermediates via the carbonyl group. Different effects on CF suppression and CT dehalogenation rate were expected because of the different structural and chemical properties of the amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhao Yin
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen , Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg C, DK-1871, Denmark
| | - Bjarne W Strobel
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen , Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg C, DK-1871, Denmark
| | - Hans Christian B Hansen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen , Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg C, DK-1871, Denmark
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30
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Su C. Environmental implications and applications of engineered nanoscale magnetite and its hybrid nanocomposites: A review of recent literature. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 322:48-84. [PMID: 27477792 PMCID: PMC7306924 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.06.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
This review focuses on environmental implications and applications of engineered magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (MNPs) as a single phase or a component of a hybrid nanocomposite that exhibits superparamagnetism and high surface area. MNPs are synthesized via co-precipitation, thermal decomposition and combustion, hydrothermal process, emulsion, microbial process, and green approaches. Aggregation/sedimentation and transport of MNPs depend on surface charge of MNPs and geochemical parameters such as pH, ionic strength, and organic matter. MNPs generally have low toxicity to humans and ecosystem. MNPs are used for constructing chemical/biosensors and for catalyzing a variety of chemical reactions. MNPs are used for air cleanup and carbon sequestration. MNP nanocomposites are designed as antimicrobial agents for water disinfection and flocculants for water treatment. Conjugated MNPs are widely used for adsorptive/separative removal of organics, dyes, oil, arsenic, phosphate, molybdate, fluoride, selenium, Cr(VI), heavy metal cations, radionuclides, and rare earth elements. MNPs can degrade organic/inorganic contaminants via chemical reduction or catalyze chemical oxidation in water, sediment, and soil. Future studies should further explore mechanisms of MNP interactions with other nanomaterials and contaminants, economic and green approaches of MNP synthesis, and field scale demonstration of MNP utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunming Su
- Ground Water and Ecosystems Restoration Division, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, 919 Kerr Research Drive, Ada, OK 74820, USA.
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31
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Zhong H, Tian Y, Yang Q, Brusseau ML, Yang L, Zeng G. Degradation of landfill leachate compounds by persulfate for groundwater remediation. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND : 1996) 2017; 307:399-407. [PMID: 28584519 PMCID: PMC5456458 DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2016.08.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, batch and column experiments were conducted to evaluate the feasibility of using persulfate oxidation to treat groundwater contaminated by landfill leachate (CGW). In batch experiments, persulfate was compared with H2O2, and permanganate for oxidation of organic compounds in CGW. It was also compared with the potential of biodegradation for contaminant removal from CGW. Persulfate was observed to be superior to H2O2 and permanganate for degradation of total organic carbon (TOC) in the CGW. Conversely, biodegradation caused only partial removal of TOC in CGW. In contrast, persulfate caused complete degradation of the TOC in the CGW or aged CGW, showing no selectivity limitation to the contaminants. Magnetite (Fe3O4) enhanced degradation of leachate compounds in both CGW and aged CGW with limited increase in persulfate consumption and sulfate production. Under dynamic flow condition in 1-D column experiments, both biodegradation and persulfate oxidation of TOC were enhanced by Fe3O4. The enhancement, however, was significantly greater for persulfate oxidation. In both batch and column experiments, Fe3O4 by itself caused minimal consumption of persulfate and production of sulfate, indicating that magnetite is a good persulfate activator for treating CGW in heterogeneous systems The results of the study show that the persulfate-based in-situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) method has great potential to treat the groundwater contaminated by landfill leachate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721
- Corresponding author: Hua Zhong; Tel: +15206264191; ;
| | - Yaling Tian
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Qi Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Mark L Brusseau
- Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721
| | - Lei Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China
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32
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lian Y, Bai X, Li X, Gao Z, Hu Z, Hu G. Novel fungal hyphae/Fe3O4 and N-TiO2/NG composite for adsorption and photocatalysis. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra25964b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A new strategy enables TiO2 particles to be suspended in solution by constructing a three-layer structure of FH, FH/Fe3O4, and FH/N-TiO2/NG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiren lian
- Graduate School of CAEP
- Mianyang
- China
- CAEP Institute of Technology
- Miangyang
| | - Xueyuan Bai
- Laboratory of Extreme Conditions Matter Properties
- Southwest University of Science and Technology
- Mianyang
- China
| | - Xueqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Zhan Gao
- Key Lab. for Power Machinery and Engineering of M. O. E
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Zuowen Hu
- CAEP Institute of Technology
- Miangyang
- China
| | - Guozhen Hu
- CAEP Institute of Technology
- Miangyang
- China
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33
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Joshi P, Gorski CA. Anisotropic Morphological Changes in Goethite during Fe(2+)-Catalyzed Recrystallization. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:7315-24. [PMID: 27345864 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b00702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
When goethite is exposed to aqueous Fe(2+), rapid and extensive Fe atom exchange can occur between solid-phase Fe(3+) and aqueous Fe(2+) in a process referred to as Fe(2+)-catalyzed recrystallization. This process can lead to the structural incorporation or release of trace elements, which has important implications for contaminant remediation and nutrient biogeochemical cycling. Prior work found that the process did not cause major changes to the goethite structure or morphology. Here, we further investigated if and how goethite morphology and aggregation behavior changed temporally during Fe(2+)-catalyzed recrystallization. On the basis of existing literature, we hypothesized that Fe(2+)-catalyzed recrystallization of goethite would not result in changes to individual particle morphology or interparticle interactions. To test this, we reacted nanoparticulate goethite with aqueous Fe(2+) at pH 7.5 over 30 days and used transmission electron microscopy (TEM), cryogenic TEM, and (55)Fe as an isotope tracer to observe changes in particle dimensions, aggregation, and isotopic composition over time. Over the course of 30 days, the goethite particles substantially recrystallized, and the particle dimensions changed anisotropically, resulting in a preferential increase in the mean particle width. The temporal changes in goethite morphology could not be completely explained by a single mineral-transformation mechanism but rather indicated that multiple transformation mechanisms occurred concurrently. Collectively, these results demonstrate that the morphology of goethite nanoparticles does change during recrystallization, which is an important step toward identifying the driving force(s) of recrystallization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prachi Joshi
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Pennsylvania State University , 212 Sackett Building, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Christopher A Gorski
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Pennsylvania State University , 212 Sackett Building, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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34
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Kent RD, Vikesland PJ. Dissolution and Persistence of Copper-Based Nanomaterials in Undersaturated Solutions with Respect to Cupric Solid Phases. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:6772-6781. [PMID: 26704567 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b04719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Dissolution of copper-based nanoparticles (NPs) can control their environmental persistence and toxicity. Previous research has generally reported limited dissolution of Cu-based NPs at circumneutral pH, but the environmentally important case of dissolution in solutions that are undersaturated with respect to copper mineral phases has not been investigated thoroughly. In this study, immobilized Cu-based NPs were fabricated on solid supports. Metallic copper (Cu), cupric oxide/hydroxide (Cuox), and copper sulfide (CuxS) NPs were investigated. Dissolution rate constants were measured in situ by an atomic force microscope equipped with a flow-through cell. A mass-balance model indicated that the flowing solution was consistently undersaturated with respect to cupric solid phases. Based on the measured rate constants, Cuox NPs are expected to dissolve completely in these undersaturated conditions within a matter of hours, even at neutral to basic pH. The expected persistence of metallic Cu NPs ranges from a few hours to days, whereas CuxS NPs showed no significant dissolution over the time scales studied. Field deployment of Cu-based NP samples in a freshwater stream confirmed these conclusions for a natural aquatic system. These results suggest that Cu and Cuox NPs will be short-lived in the environment unless dissolution is hindered by a competing process, such as sulfidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald D Kent
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS), and the Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (CEINT), Virginia Tech , 418 Durham Hall, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0246, United States
| | - Peter J Vikesland
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS), and the Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (CEINT), Virginia Tech , 418 Durham Hall, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0246, United States
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35
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Yang YX, Pi N, Zhang JB, Huang Y, Yao PP, Xi YJ, Yuan HM. USPIO assisting degradation of MXC by host/guest-type immobilized laccase in AOT reverse micelle system. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:13342-13354. [PMID: 27023821 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6502-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The laccase and ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (USPIO) have been assembled inside the tubular mesoporous silica via co-adsorption technology to prepare host/guest-type immobilized laccase, which is applied to degrade methoxychlor (MXC) in aqueous and reverse micelle environments. The effects of various parameters on degradation of MXC were studied. Under the optimum conditions, the degradation rate could reach maximum value of 45.6 % and remain at 20.8 % after seven cycles. Moreover, the addition of small molecular compound 2, 2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate) to the system could greatly improve the degradation efficiency. The MXC degradation process is a first-order reaction, and the activation energy of MXC degradation catalyzed by immobilized laccase (41.46 kJ mol(-1)) is relatively lower than that catalyzed by free laccase (44.91 kJ mol(-1)). Based on the degradation products measured by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), the degradation mechanism of MXC has also been proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xiang Yang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Na Pi
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Jian-Bo Zhang
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yan Huang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Ping-Ping Yao
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yan-Jie Xi
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Hong-Ming Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
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36
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Bartlett TR, Sokolov SV, Holter J, Young N, Compton RG. Bi
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O
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Nanoparticle Clusters: Reversible Agglomeration Revealed by Imaging and Nano‐Impact Experiments. Chemistry 2016; 22:7408-14. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R. Bartlett
- Department of Chemistry Oxford University, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QZ UK
| | - Stanislav V. Sokolov
- Department of Chemistry Oxford University, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QZ UK
| | - Jennifer Holter
- Department of Materials University of Oxford Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PH UK
| | - Neil Young
- Department of Materials University of Oxford Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PH UK
| | - Richard G. Compton
- Department of Chemistry Oxford University, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QZ UK
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37
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Verdugo EM, Xie Y, Baltrusaitis J, Cwiertny DM. Hematite decorated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (α-Fe2O3/MWCNTs) as sorbents for Cu(ii) and Cr(vi): comparison of hybrid sorbent performance to its nanomaterial building blocks. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra16332g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybrid nanostructured sorbents were fabricatedviathe deposition and growth of hematite nanoparticles on carbon nanotubes, and fundamental aspects of their performance toward common heavy metal pollutants were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgard M. Verdugo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
- University of Iowa
- Iowa City
- USA
| | - Yang Xie
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
- University of California – Riverside
- Riverside
- USA
| | - Jonas Baltrusaitis
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Lehigh University
- Bethlehem
- USA
| | - David M. Cwiertny
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
- University of Iowa
- Iowa City
- USA
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering
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38
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Ahmad A, Gu X, Li L, Lv S, Xu Y, Guo X. Efficient degradation of trichloroethylene in water using persulfate activated by reduced graphene oxide-iron nanocomposite. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:17876-17885. [PMID: 26162447 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5034-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) and nano-sized zero-valent iron-reduced graphene oxide (nZVI-rGO) composite were prepared. The GO and nZVI-rGO composite were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and Raman spectroscopy. The size of nZVI was about 6 nm as observed by TEM. The system of nZVI-rGO and persulfate (PS) was used for the degradation of trichloroethylene (TCE) in water, and showed 26.5% more efficiency as compared to nZVI/PS system. The different parameters were studied to determine the efficiency of nZVI-rGO to activate the PS system for the TCE degradation. By increasing the PS amount, TCE removal was also improved while no obvious effect was observed by varying the catalyst loading. Degradation was decreased as the TCE initial concentration was increased from 20 to 100 mg/L. Moreover, when initial solution pH was increased, efficiency deteriorated to 80%. Bicarbonate showed more negative effect on TCE removal among the solution matrix. To better understand the effects of radical species in the system, the scavenger tests were performed. The •SO4(-) and •O2(-) were predominant species responsible for TCE removal. The nZVI-rGO-activated PS process shows potential applications in remediation of highly toxic organic contaminants such as TCE present in the groundwater. Graphical abstract Persulfate activated by reduced graphene oxide and nano-sized zero-valent iron composite can be used for efficient degradation of trichloroethylene (TCE) in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayyaz Ahmad
- State-Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Xiaogang Gu
- State-Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Li Li
- State-Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Shuguang Lv
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yisheng Xu
- State-Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Xuhong Guo
- State-Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and Engineering Research Center of Xinjiang Bingtuan of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Xinjiang, 832000, China.
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39
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Ding C, Cheng W, Sun Y, Wang X. Novel fungus-Fe3O4 bio-nanocomposites as high performance adsorbents for the removal of radionuclides. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2015; 295:127-137. [PMID: 25897694 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The bio-nanocomposites of fungus-Fe3O4 were successfully synthesized using a low-cost self-assembly technique. SEM images showed uniform decoration of nano-Fe3O4 particles on fungus surface. The FTIR analysis indicated that nano-Fe3O4 was combined to the fungus surface by chemical bonds. The sorption ability of fungus-Fe3O4 toward Sr(II), Th(IV) and U(VI) was evaluated by batch techniques. Radionuclide sorption on fungus-Fe3O4 was independent of ionic strength, indicating that inner-sphere surface complexion dominated their sorption. XPS analysis indicated that the inner-sphere radionuclide complexes were formed by mainly bonding with oxygen-containing functional groups (i.e., alcohol, acetal and carboxyl) of fungus-Fe3O4. The maximum sorption capacities of fungus-Fe3O4 calculated from Langmuir isotherm model were 100.9, 223.9 and 280.8 mg/g for Sr(II) and U(VI) at pH 5.0, and Th(IV) at pH 3.0, respectively, at 303 K. Fungus-Fe3O4 also exhibited excellent regeneration performance for the preconcentration of radionuclides. The calculated thermodynamic parameters showed that the sorption of radionuclides on fungus-Fe3O4 was a spontaneous and endothermic process. The findings herein highlight the novel synthesis method of fungus-Fe3O4 and its high sorption ability for radionuclides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Ding
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, P.O. Box 1126, Hefei 230031, PR China; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230000, PR China
| | - Wencai Cheng
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, P.O. Box 1126, Hefei 230031, PR China
| | - Yubing Sun
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, P.O. Box 1126, Hefei 230031, PR China; School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Soochow University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, 215123 Suzhou, PR China; School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China.
| | - Xiangke Wang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, P.O. Box 1126, Hefei 230031, PR China; School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Soochow University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, 215123 Suzhou, PR China; School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China; Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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40
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Ruan X, Gu X, Lu S, Qiu Z, Sui Q. Trichloroethylene degradation by persulphate with magnetite as a heterogeneous activator in aqueous solution. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2015; 36:1389-1397. [PMID: 25496173 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2014.991353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Iron oxide-magnetite (Fe3O4) as a heterogeneous activator to activate persulphate anions (S2O8(2-)) for trichloroethylene (TCE) degradation was investigated in this study. The experimental results showed that TCE could be completely oxidized within 5 h by using 5 g L(-1) magnetite and 63 mM S2O8(2-), indicating the effectiveness of the process for TCE removal. Various factors of the process, including. (S2O8(2-) and magnetite dosages, and initial solution pH, were evaluated, and TCE degradation fitted well to the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The calculated kinetic rate constant was increased with increasing S2O8(2-) and magnetite dosages, but it was independent of solution pH. In addition, the changes of magnetite morphology examined by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray powder diffraction, respectively, confirmed the slight corrosion with α-Fe2O3 coated on the magnetite surface. The probe compounds tests clearly identified the generation of the reactive oxygen species in the system. While the free radical quenching studies further demonstrated that •SO4- and •OH were the major radicals responsible for TCE degradation, whereas •O2- contributed less in the system, and therefore the roles of reactive oxygen species on TCE degradation mechanisms were proposed accordingly. To our best knowledge, this is the first time the performance and mechanism of magnetite-activated persulphate oxidation for TCE degradation are reported. The findings of this study provided a new insight into the heterogeneous catalysis mechanism and showed a great potential for the practical application of this technique in in situ TCE-contaminated groundwater remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxin Ruan
- a State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , People's Republic of China
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41
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Byrne JM, Klueglein N, Pearce C, Rosso KM, Appel E, Kappler A. Redox cycling of Fe(II) and Fe(III) in magnetite by Fe-metabolizing bacteria. Science 2015; 347:1473-6. [PMID: 25814583 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaa4834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms are a primary control on the redox-induced cycling of iron in the environment. Despite the ability of bacteria to grow using both Fe(II) and Fe(III) bound in solid-phase iron minerals, it is currently unknown whether changing environmental conditions enable the sharing of electrons in mixed-valent iron oxides between bacteria with different metabolisms. We show through magnetic and spectroscopic measurements that the phototrophic Fe(II)-oxidizing bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris TIE-1 oxidizes magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles using light energy. This process is reversible in co-cultures by the anaerobic Fe(III)-reducing bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens. These results demonstrate that Fe ions bound in the highly crystalline mineral magnetite are bioavailable as electron sinks and electron sources under varying environmental conditions, effectively rendering magnetite a naturally occurring battery.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Byrne
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tuebingen, Sigwartstrasse 10, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Nicole Klueglein
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tuebingen, Sigwartstrasse 10, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Carolyn Pearce
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, M13 9PL Manchester, UK. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Kevin M Rosso
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Erwin Appel
- Geophysics, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tuebingen, Sigwartstrasse 10, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Kappler
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tuebingen, Sigwartstrasse 10, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
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42
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Ardo SG, Nélieu S, Ona-Nguema G, Delarue G, Brest J, Pironin E, Morin G. Oxidative degradation of nalidixic acid by nano-magnetite via Fe2+/O2-mediated reactions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:4506-14. [PMID: 25756496 DOI: 10.1021/es505649d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Organic pollution has become a critical issue worldwide due to the increasing input and persistence of organic compounds in the environment. Iron minerals are potentially able to degrade efficiently organic pollutants sorbed to their surfaces via oxidative or reductive transformation processes. Here, we explored the oxidative capacity of nano-magnetite (Fe3O4) having ∼ 12 nm particle size, to promote heterogeneous Fenton-like reactions for the removal of nalidixic acid (NAL), a recalcitrant quinolone antibacterial agent. Results show that NAL was adsorbed at the surface of magnetite and was efficiently degraded under oxic conditions. Nearly 60% of this organic contaminant was eliminated after 30 min exposure to air bubbling in solution in the presence of an excess of nano-magnetite. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fe K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XANES and EXAFS) showed a partial oxidation of magnetite to maghemite during the reaction, and four byproducts of NAL were identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (UHPLC-MS/MS). We also provide evidence that hydroxyl radicals (HO(•)) were involved in the oxidative degradation of NAL, as indicated by the quenching of the degradation reaction in the presence of ethanol. This study points out the promising potentialities of mixed valence iron oxides for the treatment of soils and wastewater contaminated by organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandy G Ardo
- †Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), UMR 7590, CNRS - UPMC - IRD - MNHN, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Sylvie Nélieu
- ‡INRA, UR251 PESSAC, Route de Saint-Cyr, F-78026 Versailles Cedex, France
| | - Georges Ona-Nguema
- †Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), UMR 7590, CNRS - UPMC - IRD - MNHN, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Ghislaine Delarue
- ‡INRA, UR251 PESSAC, Route de Saint-Cyr, F-78026 Versailles Cedex, France
| | - Jessica Brest
- †Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), UMR 7590, CNRS - UPMC - IRD - MNHN, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Elsa Pironin
- †Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), UMR 7590, CNRS - UPMC - IRD - MNHN, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Guillaume Morin
- †Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), UMR 7590, CNRS - UPMC - IRD - MNHN, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
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43
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Swindle AL, Cozzarelli IM, Elwood Madden AS. Using chromate to investigate the impact of natural organics on the surface reactivity of nanoparticulate magnetite. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:2156-62. [PMID: 25607467 DOI: 10.1021/es504831d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Chromate was used as a chemical probe to investigate the size-dependent influence of organics on nanoparticle surface reactivity. Magnetite-chromate sorption experiments were conducted with ∼ 90 and ∼ 6 nm magnetite nanoparticles in the presence and absence of fulvic acid (FA), natural organic matter (NOM), and isolated landfill leachate (LL). Results indicated that low concentrations (1 mg/L) of organics had no noticeable impact on chromate sorption, whereas concentrations of 50 mg/L or more resulted in decreased amounts of chromate sorption. The adsorption of organics onto the magnetite surfaces interfered equally with the ability of the 6 and 90 nm particles to sorb chromate from solution, despite the greater surface area of the smaller particles. Results indicate the presence of organics did not impact the redox chemistry of the magnetite-chromate system over the duration of the experiments (8 h), nor did the organics interact with the chromate in solution. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicate that the organics blocked the surface reactivity by occupying surface sites on the particles. The similarity of results with FA and NOM suggests that coverage of the reactive mineral surface is the main factor behind the inhibition of surface reactivity in the presence of organics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew L Swindle
- Department of Geology, Wichita State University , 1845 Fairmount Avenue, Wichita, Kansas 67260, United States
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44
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Dubrawski KL, van Genuchten CM, Delaire C, Amrose SE, Gadgil AJ, Mohseni M. Production and transformation of mixed-valent nanoparticles generated by Fe(0) electrocoagulation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:2171-2179. [PMID: 25608110 DOI: 10.1021/es505059d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Mixed-valent iron nanoparticles (NP) generated electrochemically by Fe(0) electrocoagulation (EC) show promise for on-demand industrial and drinking water treatment in engineered systems. This work applies multiple characterization techniques (in situ Raman spectroscopy, XRD, SEM, and cryo-TEM) to investigate the formation and persistence of magnetite and green rust (GR) NP phases produced via the Fe(0) EC process. Current density and background electrolyte composition were examined in a controlled anaerobic system to determine the initial Fe phases generated as well as transformation products with aging. Fe phases were characterized in an aerobic EC system with both simple model electrolytes and real groundwater to investigate the formation and aging of Fe phases produced in a system representing treatment of arsenic-contaminated ground waters in South Asia. Two central pathways for magnetite production via Fe(0) EC were identified: (i) as a primary product (formation within seconds when DO absent, no intermediates detected) and (ii) as a transformation product of GR (from minutes to days depending on pH, electrolyte composition, and aging conditions). This study provides a better understanding of the formation conditions of magnetite, GR, and ferric (oxyhydr)oxides in Fe EC, which is essential for process optimization for varying source waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian L Dubrawski
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
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45
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Schlüter M, Hentzel T, Suarez C, Koch M, Lorenz WG, Böhm L, Düring RA, Koinig KA, Bunge M. Synthesis of novel palladium(0) nanocatalysts by microorganisms from heavy-metal-influenced high-alpine sites for dehalogenation of polychlorinated dioxins. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 117:462-470. [PMID: 25218779 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 07/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In a search for new aqueous-phase systems for catalyzing reactions of environmental and industrial importance, we prepared novel biogenerated palladium (Pd) nanocatalysts using a "green" approach based on microorganisms isolated from high-alpine sites naturally impacted by heavy metals. Bacteria and fungi were enriched and isolated from serpentinite-influenced ponds (Totalp region, Parsenn, near Davos, Graubünden, Switzerland). Effects on growth dynamics were monitored using an automated assay in 96-well microtiter plates, which allowed for simultaneous cultivation and on-line analysis of Pd(II)- and Ni(II)-mediated growth inhibition. Microorganisms from Totalp ponds tolerated up to 3mM Pd(II) and bacterial isolates were selected for cultivation and reductive synthesis of Pd(0) nanocatalysts at microbial interfaces. During reduction of Pd(II) with formate as the electron donor, Pd(0) nanoparticles were formed and deposited in the cell envelope. The Pd(0) catalysts produced in the presence of Pd(II)-tolerant Alpine Pseudomonas species were catalytically active in the reductive dehalogenation of model polychlorinated dioxin congeners. This is the first report which shows that Pd(0) synthesized in the presence of microorganisms catalyzes the reductive dechlorination of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs). Because the "bioPd(0)" catalyzed the dechlorination reactions preferably via non-lateral chlorinated intermediates, such a pathway could potentially detoxify PCDDs via a "safe route". It remains to be determined whether the microbial formation of catalytically active metal catalysts (e.g., Zn, Ni, Fe) occurs in situ and whether processes involving such catalysts can alter the fate and transport of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in Alpine habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Schlüter
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use, and Nutrition (IFZ), Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Hentzel
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use, and Nutrition (IFZ), Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Germany
| | - Christian Suarez
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use, and Nutrition (IFZ), Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Germany
| | - Mandy Koch
- Institute of Chemistry, Research Group Food and Environmental Chemistry, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Germany
| | - Wilhelm G Lorenz
- Institute of Chemistry, Research Group Food and Environmental Chemistry, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Germany
| | - Leonard Böhm
- Institute of Soil Science and Soil Conservation, Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use, and Nutrition (IFZ), Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Germany
| | - Rolf-Alexander Düring
- Institute of Soil Science and Soil Conservation, Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use, and Nutrition (IFZ), Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Michael Bunge
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use, and Nutrition (IFZ), Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Germany.
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46
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Swindle AL, Madden ASE, Cozzarelli IM, Benamara M. Size-dependent reactivity of magnetite nanoparticles: a field-laboratory comparison. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:11413-20. [PMID: 25203482 DOI: 10.1021/es500172p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Logistic challenges make direct comparisons between laboratory- and field-based investigations into the size-dependent reactivity of nanomaterials difficult. This investigation sought to compare the size-dependent reactivity of nanoparticles in a field setting to a laboratory analog using the specific example of magnetite dissolution. Synthetic magnetite nanoparticles of three size intervals, ∼ 6 nm, ∼ 44 nm, and ∼ 90 nm were emplaced in the subsurface of the USGS research site at the Norman Landfill for up to 30 days using custom-made subsurface nanoparticle holders. Laboratory analog dissolution experiments were conducted using synthetic groundwater. Reaction products were analyzed via TEM and SEM and compared to initial particle characterizations. Field results indicated that an organic coating developed on the particle surfaces largely inhibiting reactivity. Limited dissolution occurred, with the amount of dissolution decreasing as particle size decreased. Conversely, the laboratory analogs without organics revealed greater dissolution of the smaller particles. These results showed that the presence of dissolved organics led to a nearly complete reversal in the size-dependent reactivity trends displayed between the field and laboratory experiments indicating that size-dependent trends observed in laboratory investigations may not be relevant in organic-rich natural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew L Swindle
- Department of Geology, Wichita State University , Wichita, Kansas 67260, United States
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Hanna K. Comment on "Mechanochemically enhanced degradation of pyrene and phenanthrene loaded on magnetite". ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:8928-8929. [PMID: 24992092 DOI: 10.1021/es502738q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Hanna
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, UMR 6226 , 11, Allée de Beaulieu CS 50837, 35708 Rennes Cedex 7, France
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Kim EJ, Kim J, Choi SC, Chang YS. Sorption behavior of heavy metals on poorly crystalline manganese oxides: roles of water conditions and light. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2014; 16:1519-1525. [PMID: 24777353 DOI: 10.1039/c4em00044g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of solution properties and light on the metal uptake and release in a nanosized, poorly crystalline manganese oxide (δ-MnO2) system. The results from synthetic water matrices revealed that the aggregation state was strongly affected by ionic strength, Ca(2+), and humic acid, and the particle aggregation subsequently changed the ability of δ-MnO2 to adsorb and sequester heavy metal ions (Cu(ii)). The extent of Cu(ii) uptake onto δ-MnO2 exhibited a negative correlation with the attachment efficiency value, which suggested that a lower sorption capacity could be achieved under aggregation-inducing conditions. Upon exposure to light, the adsorbed Cu(ii) was released from the δ-MnO2 surface via photoinduced dissolution of MnO2. The concentration of Cu(ii) desorbed was substantially higher when the humic acid was present together with Ca(2+). The present investigation enables us to better understand the adsorption-desorption processes of heavy metals occurring at the MnO2-solution interface in response to common environmental stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ju Kim
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 790-784, Republic of Korea.
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Louie SM, Ma R, Lowry GV. Transformations of Nanomaterials in the Environment. NANOSCIENCE AND THE ENVIRONMENT 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-099408-6.00002-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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van Leeuwen HP, Buffle J, Duval JFL, Town RM. Understanding the extraordinary ionic reactivity of aqueous nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:10297-10302. [PMID: 23909643 DOI: 10.1021/la401955x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are generally believed to derive their high reactivity from the inherently large specific surface area. Here we show that this is just the trivial part of a more involved picture. Nanoparticles that carry electric charge are able to generate chemical reaction rates that are even substantially larger than those for similar molecular reactants. This is achieved by Boltzmann accumulation of ionic reactants and the Debye acceleration of their transport. The ensuing unique reactivity features are general for all types of nanoparticles but most prominent for soft ones that exploit the accelerating mechanisms on a 3D level. These features have great potential for exploitation in the catalysis of ionic reactions: the reactivity of sites can be enhanced by increasing the indifferent charge density in the NP body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herman P van Leeuwen
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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