1
|
Shokat S, Iqbal R, Riaz S, Yaqub A. Association Between Arsenic Toxicity, AS3MT Gene Polymorphism and Onset of Type 2 Diabetes. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:1550-1558. [PMID: 37889428 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03919-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) exposure in drinking water has become a serious public health issue. AS3MT gene is involved in the metabolism of arsenic, so a single nucleotide polymorphism in this gene may lead to the development of type 2 diabetes in arsenic-exposed areas. This study aimed to evaluate the association of the AS3MT gene with the development of type 2 diabetes in highly arsenic-exposed areas of Punjab, Pakistan. Total 200 samples equal in number from high arsenic exposed-areas of Lahore (Nishtar) and Kasur (Mustafa Abad) were collected. rs11191439 was utilized as an influential variable to evaluate the association between arsenic metabolism and diabetes status to find a single nucleotide polymorphism in the AS3MT gene. We observed the arsenic level in drinking water of the arsenic-exposed selected areas 115.54 ± 1.23 µg/L and 96.88 ± 0.48 µg/L, respectively. The As level in the urine of diabetics (98.54 ± 2.63 µg/L and 56.38 ± 12.66 µg/L) was higher as compared to non-diabetics (77.58 ± 1.8 µg/L and 46.9 ± 8.95 µg/L) of both affected areas, respectively. Correspondingly, the As level in the blood of diabetics (6.48 ± 0.08 µg/L and 5.49 ± 1.43 µg/L) and non-diabetics (6.22 ± 0.12 µg/L and 5.26 ± 0.24 µg/L) in the affected areas. Genotyping showed significant differences in the frequencies of alleles among cases and controls. Nevertheless, notable disparities in genotype distribution were observed in SNPs rs11191439 (T/C) (P < 0.05) and when comparing T2D patients and non-diabetic control subjects. The AS3MT gene and clinical parameters show a significant association with the affected people with diabetes living in arsenic-exposed areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saima Shokat
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Riffat Iqbal
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Samreen Riaz
- Institute of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Atif Yaqub
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dresler SR, Pinto BI, Salanga MC, Propper CR, Berry SR, Kellar RS. Arsenic Impairs Wound Healing Processes in Dermal Fibroblasts and Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2161. [PMID: 38396835 PMCID: PMC10888720 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Inorganic arsenic (NaAsO2) is a naturally occurring metalloid found in water resources globally and in the United States at concentrations exceeding the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Maximum Contamination Level of 10 ppb. While exposure to arsenic has been linked to cancer, cardiovascular disease, and skin lesions, the impact of arsenic exposure on wound healing is not fully understood. Cultured dermal fibroblasts exposed to NaAsO2 displayed reduced migration (scratch closure), proliferation, and viability with a lowest observable effect level (LOEL) of 10 µM NaAsO2 following 24 h exposure. An enrichment of Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1) transcripts was observed at a LOEL of 1 µM NaAsO2 and 24 h exposure. In vivo, C57BL/6 mice were exposed to 10 µM NaAsO2 in their drinking water for eight weeks, then subjected to two full thickness dorsal wounds. Wounds were evaluated for closure after 6 days. Female mice displayed a significant reduction in wound closure and higher erythema levels, while males showed no effects. Gene expression analysis from skin excised from the wound site revealed significant enrichment in Arsenic 3-Methyltransferase (As3mt) and Estrogen Receptor 2 (Esr2) mRNA in the skin of female mice. These results indicate that arsenic at environmentally relevant concentrations may negatively impact wound healing processes in a sex-specific manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara R. Dresler
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA; (S.R.D.); (B.I.P.); (M.C.S.); (C.R.P.); (S.R.B.)
| | - Bronson I. Pinto
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA; (S.R.D.); (B.I.P.); (M.C.S.); (C.R.P.); (S.R.B.)
| | - Matthew C. Salanga
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA; (S.R.D.); (B.I.P.); (M.C.S.); (C.R.P.); (S.R.B.)
| | - Catherine R. Propper
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA; (S.R.D.); (B.I.P.); (M.C.S.); (C.R.P.); (S.R.B.)
| | - Savannah R. Berry
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA; (S.R.D.); (B.I.P.); (M.C.S.); (C.R.P.); (S.R.B.)
| | - Robert S. Kellar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA; (S.R.D.); (B.I.P.); (M.C.S.); (C.R.P.); (S.R.B.)
- Center for Materials Interfaces in Research & Applications, ¡MIRA!, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhong X, Zhang G, Huang J, Chen L, Shi Y, Wang D, Zheng Q, Su H, Li X, Wang C, Zhang J, Guo L. Effects of Intestinal Microbiota on the Biological Transformation of Arsenic in Zebrafish: Contribution and Mechanism. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:2247-2259. [PMID: 38179619 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Both the gut microbiome and their host participate in arsenic (As) biotransformation, while their exact roles and mechanisms in vivo remain unclear and unquantified. In this study, as3mt-/- zebrafish were treated with tetracycline (TET, 100 mg/L) and arsenite (iAsIII) exposure for 30 days and treated with probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG, 1 × 108 cfu/g) and iAsIII exposure for 15 days, respectively. Structural equation modeling analysis revealed that the contribution rates of the intestinal microbiome to the total arsenic (tAs) and inorganic As (iAs) metabolism approached 44.0 and 18.4%, respectively. Compared with wild-type, in as3mt-/- zebrafish, microbial richness and structure were more significantly correlated with tAs and iAs, and more differential microbes and microbial metabolic pathways significantly correlated with arsenic metabolites (P < 0.05). LGG supplement influenced the microbial communities, significantly up-regulated the expressions of genes related to As biotransformation (gss and gst) in the liver, down-regulated the expressions of oxidative stress genes (sod1, sod2, and cat) in the intestine, and increased arsenobetaine concentration (P < 0.05). Therefore, gut microbiome promotes As transformation and relieves As accumulation, playing more active roles under iAs stress when the host lacks key arsenic detoxification enzymes. LGG can promote As biotransformation and relieve oxidative stress under As exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Zhong
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University & Zhanjiang Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Model for Development and Disease, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Public Health Laboratory Science, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
- Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang, Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Zhanjiang 524045, PR China
| | - Guiwei Zhang
- Shenzhen Academy of Metrology and Quality Inspection, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Jieliang Huang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Public Health Laboratory Science, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Linkang Chen
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Public Health Laboratory Science, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Yingying Shi
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Public Health Laboratory Science, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Dongbin Wang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Public Health Laboratory Science, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Qiuyi Zheng
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Public Health Laboratory Science, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Hongtian Su
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Public Health Laboratory Science, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University & Zhanjiang Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Model for Development and Disease, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Public Health Laboratory Science, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Chunchun Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University & Zhanjiang Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Model for Development and Disease, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University & Zhanjiang Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Model for Development and Disease, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Lianxian Guo
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Public Health Laboratory Science, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang M, Xu H, Lou Q, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Yin F, Lv M, Zhang Y, Yin Y, Gao Y, Liu X, Yang Y. Association between arsenic (+3 oxidation state) methyltransferase gene polymorphisms and arsenic methylation capacity in rural residents of northern China: a cross-sectional study. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:2919-2928. [PMID: 37658865 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03590-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is a toxic metal-like element. The toxic reaction of the body to arsenic is related to the ability of arsenic methylation metabolism. As the rate-limiting enzyme of arsenic methylation metabolism, the genetic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of arsenic (+ 3 oxidation state) methyltransferase (AS3MT) gene are related to capacity of arsenic methylation. In this paper, we investigated the association of five SNPs (rs7085104, rs3740390, 3740393, rs10748835, and rs1046778) in AS3MT with arsenic methylation metabolizing using the data and samples from a cross-sectional case-control study of arsenic and Type 2 diabetes mellitus conducted in Shanxi, China. A total of 340 individuals were included in the study. Urinary total arsenic (tAs, μg/L) was detected by liquid chromatography-atomic fluorescence spectrometry (LC-AFS). According to "safety guidance value of urinary arsenic for population" as specified in WS/T665-2019 (China), participants were divided into the control group (tAs ≤ 32 μg/L, n = 172) and arsenic-exposed group (tAs > 32 μg/L, n = 168). iAs%, MMA%, and DMA% are as the indicator of arsenic methylation capacity. The genotypes of AS3MT SNPs were examined by Multiple PCR combined sequencing. Linear regression analysis showed that AG + GG genotype in rs7085104 was associated with decreased iAs% and increased DMA%. Moreover, AG + AA genotype in rs10748835 and TC + CC genotype in rs1046778 were associated with decreased iAs% and MMA% and increased DMA%. The interaction between rs7085104 and arsenic is associated with iAs% and DMA%. The interaction of rs3740390 and rs10748835 with arsenic is associated with iAs%. Haplotype CTAC (rs3740393-rs3740390-rs10748835-rs1046778) was associated with lower iAs% and higher DMA%, but this association disappeared after adjusting for age, gender, drink, smoking, BMI and tAs. Haplotype GCAC was associated with decreased MMA%. Our study provides additional support for revealing the factors influencing the metabolic capacity of arsenic methylation and might be helpful to identify the population susceptible to arsenic exposure through individualized screening in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meichen Zhang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province and Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Haili Xu
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province and Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qun Lou
- Xiamen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xiamen, China
| | - Zaihong Zhang
- Department of Infection Control and Public Health, The First Hospital of Jiaxing and The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province and Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Fanshuo Yin
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province and Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Man Lv
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province and Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province and Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yunyi Yin
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province and Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yanhui Gao
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province and Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaona Liu
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China.
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province and Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China.
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Yanmei Yang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China.
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province and Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China.
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Davydiuk T, Tao J, Lu X, Le XC. Effects of Dietary Intake of Arsenosugars and Other Organic Arsenic Species on Studies of Arsenic Methylation Efficiency in Humans. ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2023; 1:236-248. [PMID: 37881591 PMCID: PMC10594586 DOI: 10.1021/envhealth.3c00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Extensive research has used dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) in urine as a marker of arsenic methylation. The premise is that humans methylate inorganic arsenicals to monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) and DMA and excrete these arsenic species into the urine. However, DMA in urine not only comes from the methylation of inorganic arsenic but also could be a result of metabolism of other arsenic species, such as arsenosugars and arsenolipids. Most environmental health and epidemiological studies of arsenic methylation might have overlooked confounding factors that contribute to DMA in urine. Here we critically evaluate reported studies that used methylation indexes, concentration ratios of methylated arsenicals, or the percentage of DMA in urine as markers of arsenic methylation efficiency. Dietary intake of arsenosugars potentially confounds the calculation and interpretation of the arsenic methylation efficiencies. Many studies have not considered incidental dietary intake of arsenosugars, arsenolipids, and other organic arsenic species. Future studies should consider the dietary intake of diverse arsenic species and their potential effect on the urinary concentrations of DMA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tetiana Davydiuk
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Jeffrey Tao
- Division
of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory
Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G3
| | - Xiufen Lu
- Division
of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory
Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G3
| | - X. Chris Le
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
- Division
of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory
Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G3
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liang X, Guo G, Wang Y, Wang M, Chen X, Zhang J, Li S, Liu L, Huang Q, Cui B, Zhang M, Sun G, Tang N, Zhang X, Zhang Q. Arsenic metabolism, N6AMT1 and AS3MT single nucleotide polymorphisms, and their interaction on gestational diabetes mellitus in Chinese pregnant women. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 221:115331. [PMID: 36681142 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in N6AMT1 and AS3MT are associated with arsenic (As) metabolism, and efficient As methylation capacity has been associated with diabetes. However, little is known about the gene-As interaction on gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the individual and combined effects of N6AMT1 and AS3MT SNPs with As metabolism on GDM. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed among 385 Chinese pregnant women (86 GDM and 299 Non-GDM). Four SNPs in N6AMT1 (rs1997605 and rs1003671) and AS3MT (rs1046778 and rs11191453) were genotyped. Urinary inorganic arsenic (iAs), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) were determined, and the percentages of As species (iAs%, MMA%, and DMA%) were calculated to assess the efficiency of As metabolism. RESULTS Pregnant women with N6AMT1 rs1997605 AA genotype had lower iAs% (B: 2.11; 95% CI: 4.08, -0.13) and MMA% (B: 0.21; 95% CI: 0.39, -0.04) than pregnant women with GG genotype. The AS3MT rs1046778 and rs11191453 C alleles were negatively associated with iAs% and MMA% but positively associated with DMA%. Higher urinary MMA% was significantly associated with a lower risk of GDM (OR: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.30, 0.97). The A allele in N6AMT1 rs1997605 (OR: 0.46; 95% CI: 0.26, 0.79) was associated with a decreased risk of GDM. The additive interactions between N6AMT1 rs1997605 GG genotypes and lower iAs% (AP: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.99) or higher DMA% (AP: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.99) were statistically significant. Similar additive interactions were also found between N6AMT1 rs1003671 GG genotypes and lower iAs% or higher DMA%. CONCLUSIONS Genetic variants in N6AMT1 and efficient As metabolism (indicated by lower iAs% and higher DMA%) can interact to influence GDM occurrence synergistically in Chinese pregnant women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshan Liang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Guanshuai Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yiyun Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Jingran Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Shuying Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Tianjin Xiqing Hospital, Tianjin, 300380, China
| | - Liangpo Liu
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001 China
| | - Qingyu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Bo Cui
- Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Shenzhen Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Guifan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Arsenic-related Biological Effects and Prevention and Treatment in Liaoning Province, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Naijun Tang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xumei Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Douillet C, Miller M, Cable PH, Shi Q, El-Masri H, Matoušek T, Koller BH, Thomas DJ, Stýblo M. Fate of arsenicals in mice carrying the human AS3MT gene exposed to environmentally relevant levels of arsenite in drinking water. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3660. [PMID: 36871058 PMCID: PMC9985638 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30723-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although mice are widely used to study adverse effects of inorganic arsenic (iAs), higher rates of iAs methylation in mice than in humans may limit their utility as a model organism. A recently created 129S6 mouse strain in which the Borcs7/As3mt locus replaces the human BORCS7/AS3MT locus exhibits a human-like pattern of iAs metabolism. Here, we evaluate dosage dependency of iAs metabolism in humanized (Hs) mice. We determined tissue and urinary concentrations and proportions of iAs, methylarsenic (MAs), and dimethylarsenic (DMAs) in male and female Hs and wild-type (WT) mice that received 25- or 400-ppb iAs in drinking water. At both exposure levels, Hs mice excrete less total arsenic (tAs) in urine and retain more tAs in tissues than WT mice. Tissue tAs levels are higher in Hs females than in Hs males, particularly after exposure to 400-ppb iAs. Tissue and urinary fractions of tAs present as iAs and MAs are significantly greater in Hs mice than in WT mice. Notably, tissue tAs dosimetry in Hs mice resembles human tissue dosimetry predicted by a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model. These data provide additional support for use of Hs mice in laboratory studies examining effects of iAs exposure in target tissues or cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Douillet
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7461, USA
| | - Madison Miller
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7461, USA
| | - Peter H Cable
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7461, USA
| | - Qing Shi
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7461, USA
| | - Hisham El-Masri
- Chemical Characterization and Exposure Division, Center for Computational Toxicology & Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Tomáš Matoušek
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v. v. i., Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Beverly H Koller
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - David J Thomas
- Dinkey Creek Consulting, LLC, Chapel Hill, NC, 27517, USA
| | - Miroslav Stýblo
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7461, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Medina S, Zhang H, Santos-Medina LV, Yee ZA, Martin KJ, Wan G, Bolt AM, Zhou X, Stýblo M, Liu KJ. Arsenite Methyltransferase Is an Important Mediator of Hematotoxicity Induced by Arsenic in Drinking Water. WATER 2023; 15:448. [PMID: 36936034 PMCID: PMC10019457 DOI: 10.3390/w15030448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Chronic arsenic exposures via the consumption of contaminated drinking water are clearly associated with many deleterious health outcomes, including anemia. Following exposure, trivalent inorganic arsenic (AsIII) is methylated through a series of arsenic (+III oxidation state) methyltransferase (As3MT)-dependent reactions, resulting in the production of several intermediates with greater toxicity than the parent inorganic arsenicals. The extent to which inorganic vs. methylated arsenicals contribute to AsIII-induced hematotoxicity remains unknown. In this study, the contribution of As3MT-dependent biotransformation to the development of anemia was evaluated in male As3mt-knockout (KO) and wild-type, C57BL/6J, mice following 60-day drinking water exposures to 1 mg/L (ppm) AsIII. The evaluation of hematological indicators of anemia revealed significant reductions in red blood cell counts, hemoglobin levels, and hematocrit in AsIII-exposed wild-type mice as compared to unexposed controls. No such changes in the blood of As3mt-KO mice were detected. Compared with unexposed controls, the percentages of mature RBCs in the bone marrow and spleen (measured by flow cytometry) were significantly reduced in the bone marrow of AsIII-exposed wild-type, but not As3mt-KO mice. This was accompanied by increased levels of mature RBCS in the spleen and elevated levels of circulating erythropoietin in the serum of AsIII-exposed wild-type, but not As3mt-KO mice. Taken together, the findings from the present study suggest that As3MT-dependent biotransformation has an essential role in mediating the hematotoxicity of AsIII following drinking water exposures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Medina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
- Department of Biology, New Mexico Highlands University, Las Vegas, NM 87701, USA
| | - Haikun Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | | | - Zachary A. Yee
- Department of Biology, New Mexico Highlands University, Las Vegas, NM 87701, USA
| | - Kaitlin J. Martin
- Department of Biology, New Mexico Highlands University, Las Vegas, NM 87701, USA
| | - Guanghua Wan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Alicia M. Bolt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Xixi Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Miroslav Stýblo
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Ke Jian Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Diamond GL, Thomas DJ, Bradham KD. Evaluating the mouse model for estimation of arsenic bioavailability: Comparison of estimates of absolute bioavailability of inorganic arsenic in mouse, humans, and other species. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2022; 85:815-825. [PMID: 35791284 PMCID: PMC9431397 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2022.2095314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Accurate assessment of adverse health effects attributable to ingestion of inorganic arsenic (As) present in contaminated soils requires determination of the internal dose of metal provided by ingested soil. This calculation requires estimation of the oral bioavailability of soil-borne (As). Animal models to assess the bioavailability of soil (As) are frequently used as surrogates for determination of this variable in humans. A mouse assay has been widely applied to estimate the bioavailability of As in soils at sites impacted by mining, smelting, and pesticides. In the mouse assay, the relative bioavailability (RBA) of soil (As) is determined as the ratio of the fraction of the ingested arsenic dose excreted in urine after consumption of diets containing a test soil or the soluble reference compound, sodium arsenate. The aim of the current study was to compare (As) bioavailability measured in the mouse assay with reported estimates in humans. Here, a pharmacokinetic model based on excretion of arsenic in urine and feces was used to estimate the absolute bioavailability (ABA) of As in mice that received an oral dose of sodium arsenate. Based upon this analysis, in mice that consumed diet amended with sodium arsenate, the ABA was 85%. This estimate of arsenic ABA for the mouse is comparable to estimates in humans who consumed (As) in drinking water and diet, and to estimates of ABA in monkeys and swine exposed to sodium arsenate. The concordance of estimates for ABA in mice and humans provides further support for use of the mouse model in human health risk assessment. Sodium arsenate ABA also provides a basis for estimating soil arsenic ABA from RBA estimates obtained in the mouse model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - David J Thomas
- Dinkey Creek Consulting, LLC, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Karen D Bradham
- Center of Environmental Measurement and Modeling, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yoshinaga-Sakurai K, Rossman TG, Rosen BP. Regulation of arsenic methylation: identification of the transcriptional region of the human AS3MT gene. Cell Biol Toxicol 2022; 38:765-780. [PMID: 33956289 PMCID: PMC8571124 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-021-09611-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The human enzyme As(III) S-adenosylmethionine methyltransferase (AS3MT) catalyzes arsenic biotransformations and is considered to contribute to arsenic-related diseases. AS3MT is expressed in various tissues and cell types including liver, brain, adrenal gland, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells but not in human keratinocytes, urothelial, or brain microvascular endothelial cells. This indicates that AS3MT expression is regulated in a tissue/cell type-specific manner, but the mechanism of transcriptional regulation of expression of the AS3MT gene is not known. In this study, we define the DNA sequence of the core promoter region of the human AS3MT gene. We identify a GC box in the promoter to which the stress-related transcription factor Sp1 binds, indicating involvement of regulatory elements in AS3MT gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kunie Yoshinaga-Sakurai
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Florida International University, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Toby G Rossman
- Department of Environmental Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Barry P Rosen
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Florida International University, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33199, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Xenakis JG, Douillet C, Bell TA, Hock P, Farrington J, Liu T, Murphy CEY, Saraswatula A, Shaw GD, Nativio G, Shi Q, Venkatratnam A, Zou F, Fry RC, Stýblo M, Pardo-Manuel de Villena F. An interaction of inorganic arsenic exposure with body weight and composition on type 2 diabetes indicators in Diversity Outbred mice. Mamm Genome 2022; 33:575-589. [PMID: 35819478 PMCID: PMC9761582 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-022-09957-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex metabolic disorder with no cure and high morbidity. Exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs), a ubiquitous environmental contaminant, is associated with increased T2D risk. Despite growing evidence linking iAs exposure to T2D, the factors underlying inter-individual differences in susceptibility remain unclear. This study examined the interaction between chronic iAs exposure and body composition in a cohort of 75 Diversity Outbred mice. The study design mimics that of an exposed human population where the genetic diversity of the mice provides the variation in response, in contrast to a design that includes untreated mice. Male mice were exposed to iAs in drinking water (100 ppb) for 26 weeks. Metabolic indicators used as diabetes surrogates included fasting blood glucose and plasma insulin (FBG, FPI), blood glucose and plasma insulin 15 min after glucose challenge (BG15, PI15), homeostatic model assessment for [Formula: see text]-cell function and insulin resistance (HOMA-B, HOMA-IR), and insulinogenic index. Body composition was determined using magnetic resonance imaging, and the concentrations of iAs and its methylated metabolites were measured in liver and urine. Associations between cumulative iAs consumption and FPI, PI15, HOMA-B, and HOMA-IR manifested as significant interactions between iAs and body weight/composition. Arsenic speciation analyses in liver and urine suggest little variation in the mice's ability to metabolize iAs. The observed interactions accord with current research aiming to disentangle the effects of multiple complex factors on T2D risk, highlighting the need for further research on iAs metabolism and its consequences in genetically diverse mouse strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James G Xenakis
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Curriculum in Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Christelle Douillet
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Timothy A Bell
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Pablo Hock
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Joseph Farrington
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Tianyi Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Caroline E Y Murphy
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Avani Saraswatula
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Ginger D Shaw
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Gustavo Nativio
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Qing Shi
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Abhishek Venkatratnam
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Fei Zou
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Rebecca C Fry
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Curriculum in Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
| | - Miroslav Stýblo
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Curriculum in Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
| | - Fernando Pardo-Manuel de Villena
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zheng X, Zhang Z, Chen J, Liang H, Chen X, Qin Y, Shohag MJI, Wei Y, Gu M. Comparative evaluation of in vivo relative bioavailability and in vitro bioaccessibility of arsenic in leafy vegetables and its implication in human exposure assessment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 423:126909. [PMID: 34454790 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) contamination in vegetables is a severe threat to human health. However, the evaluation of As relative bioavailability (As-RBA) or bioaccessibility in vegetables is still unexplored. The study sought to evaluate the As-RBA in commonly consumed ten leaf vegetables collected from As-polluted farmlands. Additionally, the As-RBA was determined using rat bioassay and compared with As bioaccessibility through five commonly used in vitro methods, including UBM (Unified BARGE Method), SBRC (Solubility Bioavailability Research Consortium), DIN (Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V.), IVG (In Vitro Gastrointestinal), and PBET (Physiologically Based Extraction Test). Results showed that the As-RBA values were 14.3-54.0% among different vegetables. Notably, significant in vivo-in vitro correlations (IVIVC) were observed between the As-RBA and the As bioaccessibility determined by the PBET assay (r2 = 0.763-0.847). However, the other assays (r2 = 0.417-0.788) showed a comparatively weaker relationship. The estimation of As-RBA using derived IVIVC to assess As exposure risk via vegetable consumption confirmed that As exposure risk based on As-RBA was lower than that the total As concentrations. Therefore, it was concluded that PBET could better predict the As-RBA in vegetables than other in vitro assays. Furthermore, As-RBA values should be considered for accurate health risk assessment of As in vegetables.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoman Zheng
- Cultivation Base of Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zengyu Zhang
- Cultivation Base of Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jiancheng Chen
- Cultivation Base of Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Huanting Liang
- Cultivation Base of Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Cultivation Base of Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yan Qin
- Cultivation Base of Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - M J I Shohag
- Department of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Yanyan Wei
- Cultivation Base of Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
| | - Minghua Gu
- Cultivation Base of Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chernoff M, Tong L, Demanelis K, Vander Griend D, Ahsan H, Pierce BL. Genetic Determinants of Reduced Arsenic Metabolism Efficiency in the 10q24.32 Region Are Associated With Reduced AS3MT Expression in Multiple Human Tissue Types. Toxicol Sci 2021; 176:382-395. [PMID: 32433756 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 140 million people worldwide are exposed to inorganic arsenic through contaminated drinking water. Chronic exposure increases risk for cancers as well as cardiovascular, respiratory, and neurologic diseases. Arsenic metabolism involves the AS3MT (arsenic methyltransferase) gene, and arsenic metabolism efficiency (AME, measured as relative concentrations of arsenic metabolites in urine) varies among individuals. Inherited genetic variation in the 10q24.32 region, containing AS3MT, influences AME, but the mechanisms remain unclear. To better understand these mechanisms, we use tissue-specific expression data from GTEx (Genotype-tissue Expression project) to identify cis-eQTLs (expression quantitative trait loci) for AS3MT and other nearby genes. We combined these data with results from a genome-wide association study of AME using "colocalization analysis," to determine if 10q24.32 SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) that affect AME also affect expression of AS3MT or nearby genes. These analyses identified cis-eQTLs for AS3MT in 38 tissue types. Colocalization results suggest that the casual variant represented by AME lead SNP rs4919690 impacts expression of AS3MT in 13 tissue types (> 80% probability). Our results suggest this causal SNP also regulates/coregulates expression of nearby genes: BORCS7 (43 tissues), NT5C2 (2 tissues), CYP17A1-AS1 (1 tissue), and RP11-724N1.1 (1 tissue). The rs4919690 allele associated with decreased AME is associated with decreased expression of AS3MT (and other coregulated genes). Our study provides a potential biological mechanism for the association between 10q24.32 variation and AME and suggests that the causal variant, represented by rs4919690, may impact AME (as measured in urine) through its effects on arsenic metabolism occurring in multiple tissue types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meytal Chernoff
- The Department of Public Health Sciences, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637 - 1447.,The Interdisciplinary Scientist Training Program, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Lin Tong
- The Department of Public Health Sciences, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637 - 1447
| | - Kathryn Demanelis
- The Department of Public Health Sciences, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637 - 1447
| | - Donald Vander Griend
- The Department of Pathology, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Habib Ahsan
- The Department of Public Health Sciences, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637 - 1447
| | - Brandon L Pierce
- The Department of Public Health Sciences, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637 - 1447.,The Department of Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abuawad A, Bozack AK, Saxena R, Gamble MV. Nutrition, one-carbon metabolism and arsenic methylation. Toxicology 2021; 457:152803. [PMID: 33905762 PMCID: PMC8349595 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to arsenic (As) is a major public health concern globally. Inorganic As (InAs) undergoes hepatic methylation to form monomethyl (MMAs)- and dimethyl (DMAs)-arsenical species, facilitating urinary As elimination. MMAsIII is considerably more toxic than either InAsIII or DMAsV, and a higher proportion of MMAs in urine has been associated with risk for a wide range of adverse health outcomes. Efficiency of As methylation differs substantially between species, between individuals, and across populations. One-carbon metabolism (OCM) is a biochemical pathway that provides methyl groups for the methylation of As, and is influenced by folate and other micronutrients, such as vitamin B12, choline, betaine and creatine. A growing body of evidence has demonstrated that OCM-related micronutrients play a critical role in As methylation. This review will summarize observational epidemiological studies, interventions, and relevant experimental evidence examining the role that OCM-related micronutrients have on As methylation, toxicity of As, and risk for associated adverse health-related outcomes. There is fairly robust evidence supporting the impact of folate on As methylation, and some evidence from case-control studies indicating that folate nutritional status influences risk for As-induced skin lesions and bladder cancer. However, the potential for folate to be protective for other As-related health outcomes, and the potential beneficial effects of other OCM-related micronutrients on As methylation and risk for health outcomes are less well studied and warrant additional research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahlam Abuawad
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anne K Bozack
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Roheeni Saxena
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mary V Gamble
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yang Y, Chi L, Lai Y, Hsiao YC, Ru H, Lu K. The gut microbiome and arsenic-induced disease-iAs metabolism in mice. Curr Environ Health Rep 2021; 8:89-97. [PMID: 33852125 PMCID: PMC8728881 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-021-00305-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review summarizes inorganic arsenic (iAs) metabolism and toxicity in mice and the gut microbiome and how iAs and the gut microbiome interact to induce diseases. RECENT FINDINGS Recently, a variety of studies have started to reveal the interactions between iAs and the gut microbiome. Evidence shows that gut bacteria can influence iAs biotransformation and disease risks. The gut microbiome can directly metabolize iAs, and it can also indirectly be involved in iAs metabolism through the host, such as altering iAs absorption, cofactors, and genes related to iAs metabolism. Many factors, such as iAs metabolism influenced by the gut microbiome, and microbiome metabolites perturbed by iAs can lead to different disease risks. iAs is a widespread toxic metalloid in environment, and iAs toxicity has become a global health issue. iAs is subject to metabolic reactions after entering the host body, including methylation, demethylation, oxidation, reduction, and thiolation. Different arsenic species, including trivalent and pentavalent forms and inorganic and organic forms, determine their toxicity. iAs poisoning is predominately caused by contaminated drinking water and food, and chronic arsenic toxicity can cause various diseases. Therefore, studies of iAs metabolism are important for understanding iAs associated disease risks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Yang
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Liang Chi
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Yunjia Lai
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Yun-Chung Hsiao
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Hongyu Ru
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Kun Lu
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kenyon EM. Arsenic toxicokinetic modeling and risk analysis: Progress, needs and applications. Toxicology 2021; 457:152809. [PMID: 33965444 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) poses unique challenges in PBTK model development and risk analysis applications. Arsenic metabolism is complex, adequate information to attribute specific metabolites to particular adverse effects in humans is sparse, and measurement of relevant metabolites in biological media can be difficult. Multiple As PBTK models have been published and used or adapted for use in various exposure and risk analysis applications. These applications illustrate the broad utility of PBTK models for exposure and dose-response analysis, particularly for arsenic where multi-pathway, multi-route exposures and multiple toxic effects are of concern. Arsenic PBTK models have been used together with exposure reconstruction and dose-response functions to estimate risk of specific adverse health effects due to drinking water exposure and consumption of specific foodstuffs (e.g. rice, seafood), as well as to derive safe exposure levels and develop consumption advisories. Future refinements to arsenic PBTK models can enhance the confidence in such analyses. Improved estimates for methylation biotransformation parameters based on in vitro to in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) methods and estimation of interindividual variability in key model parameters for specific toxicologically relevant metabolites are two important areas for consideration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elaina M Kenyon
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, U.S. EPA, Office of Research and Development, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Park D, Propper CR, Wang G, Salanga MC. Synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism in arsenic (+3) methyltransferase of the Western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) and its gene expression among field populations. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 30:711-718. [PMID: 33811567 PMCID: PMC8060185 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-021-02376-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Naturally occurring arsenic is toxic at extremely low concentrations, yet some species persist even in high arsenic environments. We wanted to test if these species show evidence of evolution associated with arsenic exposure. To do this, we compared allelic variation across 872 coding nucleotides of arsenic (+3) methyltransferase (as3mt) and whole fish as3mt gene expression from three field populations of Gambusia affinis, from water sources containing low (1.9 ppb), medium-low (3.3 ppb), and high (15.7 ppb) levels of arsenic. The high arsenic site exceeds the US EPA's Maximum Contamination Level for drinking water. Medium-low and high populations exhibited homozygosity, and no sequence variation across all animals sampled. Eleven of 24 fish examined (45.8%) in the low arsenic population harbored synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in exons 4 and/or 10. SNP presence in the low arsenic population was not associated with differences in as3mt transcript levels compared to fish from the medium-low site, where SNPs were noted; however, as3mt expression in fish from the high arsenic concentration site was significantly lower than the other two sites. Low sequence variation in fish populations from sites with medium-low and high arsenic concentrations suggests greater selective pressure on this allele, while higher variation in the low population suggests a relaxed selection. Our results suggest gene regulation associated with arsenic detoxification may play a more crucial role in influencing responses to arsenic than polymorphic gene sequence. Understanding microevolutionary processes to various contaminants require the evaluation of multiple populations across a wide range of pollution exposures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daesik Park
- Division of Science Education, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Kangwon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Catherine R Propper
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, 86011, USA
| | - Guangning Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, 86011, USA
| | - Matthew C Salanga
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, 86011, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang Q, McDermott TR, Walk ST. A Single Microbiome Gene Alters Murine Susceptibility to Acute Arsenic Exposure. Toxicol Sci 2021; 181:105-114. [PMID: 33560341 PMCID: PMC8599829 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfab017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental toxicant exposure contributes to morbidity and mortality of many human diseases. With respect to arsenic, microbially driven chemical transformations dictate its toxicity and mobility in virtually every environment yet studied, so a general hypothesis is that the human gut microbiome determines disease outcome following exposure. However, the complex nature of the gut microbiome and the myriad of potential interactions with human cells/tissues make it challenging to quantify the influence of specific arsenic-active functions-a requisite step in developing effective disease prevention and/or clinical intervention strategies. To control both mammalian and microbial function during toxicant exposure, we genetically defined the gut microbiome of mice using only Escherichia coli strain, AW3110 (▵arsRBC), or the same strain carrying a single genome copy of the Fucus vesiculosus metallothionein gene (AW3110::fmt); a cysteine-rich peptide that complexes with arsenite, facilitating bioaccumulation and reducing its toxic effects. AW3110::fmt bioaccumulated significantly more arsenic and gnotobiotic mice colonized by this strain excreted significantly more arsenic in stool and accumulated significantly less arsenic in organs. Moreover, AW3110::fmt gnotobiotic mice were protected from acute toxicity exposure (20 ppm AsIII) relative to controls. This study demonstrates-in a highly controlled fashion-that a single microbiome function (arsenic bioaccumulation) encoded by a single gene in a single human gut microbiome bacterium significantly alters mammalian host arsenic exposure. The experimental model described herein allows for a highly controlled and directed assessment of microbiome functions, and is useful to quantify the influence of specific microbiome-arsenic interactions that help mitigate human disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717
| | - Timothy R McDermott
- Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717
| | - Seth T Walk
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Arsenic methylation - Lessons from three decades of research. Toxicology 2021; 457:152800. [PMID: 33901604 PMCID: PMC10048126 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Between 1990 and 2020, our understanding of the significance of arsenic biomethylation changed in remarkable ways. At the beginning of this period, the conversion of inorganic arsenic into mono- and di-methylated metabolites was viewed primarily as a process that altered the kinetic behavior of arsenic. By increasing the rate of clearance of arsenic, the formation of methylated metabolites reduced exposure to this toxin; that is, methylation was detoxification. By 2020, it was clear that at least some of the toxic effects associated with As exposure depended on formation of methylated metabolites containing trivalent arsenic. Because the trivalent oxidation state of arsenic is associated with increased potency as a cytotoxin and clastogen, these findings were consistent with methylation-related changes in the dynamic behavior of arsenic. That is, methylation was activation. Our current understanding of the role of methylation as a modifier of kinetic and dynamic behaviors of arsenic is the product of research at molecular, cellular, organismic, and population levels. This information provides a basis for refining our estimates of risk associated with long term exposure to inorganic arsenic in environmental media, food, and water. This report summarizes the growth of our knowledge of enzymatically catalyzed methylation of arsenic over this period and considers the prospects for new discoveries.
Collapse
|
20
|
Roggenbeck BA, Bull Chief LK, Walk ST. Antibiotic perturbation of the murine gut microbiome introduces inter-individual susceptibility to arsenic. Toxicology 2021; 456:152798. [PMID: 33901602 PMCID: PMC8204511 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/29/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic is a Group 1 human carcinogen and at least 200 million people around the world are exposed to unsafe levels of arsenic, predominantly through contaminated drinking water. Arsenic has also been used for hundreds, if not thousands, of years as an intentional poison due to its odorless/tasteless properties and the general lack of technology required to identify it. Both acute and chronic arsenic-related health outcomes are highly variable among similarly exposed individuals even after controlling for important factors, like host genetics, making the mechanisms underlying this often-made epidemiologic observation difficult to experimentally address and not fully understood. Here, we describe an experimental model of arsenic exposure in C57BL/6 mice that recapitulates key aspects of inter-individuality in disease observed in humans. We show that co-administration of the antibiotic, cefoperazone, and high-level arsenic (100 ppm, inorganic sodium arsenate) results in incomplete mortality with a ratio of 60 % lethality to 40 % survival, and that survival, at least in part, depends not only on an intact microbiome but also a regulated response involved with water transport. This work provides an experimental framework for identifying critical pathways involved in generating inter-individual variability in disease outcome following arsenic exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara A Roggenbeck
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, United States
| | - Lila K Bull Chief
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, United States
| | - Seth T Walk
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hung CC, Chen BJ, Liao JW, Tai YP, Chen CY. The effect of Ulva lactuca and Sargassum hemiphyllum var. chinense on arsenic metabolites and enzymes in broilers. Food Chem 2021; 342:128346. [PMID: 33077282 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of seaweed supplementation (Ulva lactuca (UL) or Sargassum hemiphyllum var. chinense (SHC)) on the distribution and metabolites of As in broiler breasts. Broilers fed 5% UL or 5% SHC ingested 1.4- or 78- fold greater total As than birds fed the control diet. The majority of As species were arsenate in the SHC feed and dimethylarsinic acid in breasts from chicks fed the SHC-containing diet. Arsenate and arsenobetaine were the dominant metabolites in the UL-containing feed, and arsenobetaine was the major metabolite in breasts from chicks fed the UL-containing diet. Feeding SHC enhanced hepatic S-adenosyl-methionine and arsenic methyltransferase, whereas feeding UL elevated renal arsenic methyltransferase. Taken together, considerable variation in the profiles of As species and As metabolites existed in broilers fed seaweed. The use of SHC-containing feeds in poultry production should be approached cautiously because of the potential accumulation of inorganic As species in chicken breasts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Chi Hung
- Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan. No. 112, Muchang, Xinhua Dist., Tainan City 71246, Taiwan; Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 50, Lane 155, Sec 3, Keelung Rd, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Bao-Ji Chen
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 50, Lane 155, Sec 3, Keelung Rd, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Jiunn-Wang Liao
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathobiology, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Rd, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Yung-Ping Tai
- Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan. No. 112, Muchang, Xinhua Dist., Tainan City 71246, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Yi Chen
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 50, Lane 155, Sec 3, Keelung Rd, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Delgado DA, Chernoff M, Huang L, Tong L, Chen L, Jasmine F, Shinkle J, Cole SA, Haack K, Kent J, Umans J, Best LG, Nelson H, Griend DV, Graziano J, Kibriya MG, Navas-Acien A, Karagas MR, Ahsan H, Pierce BL. Rare, Protein-Altering Variants in AS3MT and Arsenic Metabolism Efficiency: A Multi-Population Association Study. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2021; 129:47007. [PMID: 33826413 PMCID: PMC8041273 DOI: 10.1289/ehp8152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Common genetic variation in the arsenic methyltransferase (AS3MT) gene region is known to be associated with arsenic metabolism efficiency (AME), measured as the percentage of dimethylarsinic acid (DMA%) in the urine. Rare, protein-altering variants in AS3MT could have even larger effects on AME, but their contribution to AME has not been investigated. OBJECTIVES We estimated the impact of rare, protein-coding variation in AS3MT on AME using a multi-population approach to facilitate the discovery of population-specific and shared causal rare variants. METHODS We generated targeted DNA sequencing data for the coding regions of AS3MT for three arsenic-exposed cohorts with existing data on arsenic species measured in urine: Health Effects of Arsenic Longitudinal Study (HEALS, n = 2,434 ), Strong Heart Study (SHS, n = 868 ), and New Hampshire Skin Cancer Study (NHSCS, n = 666 ). We assessed the collective effects of rare (allele frequency < 1 % ), protein-altering AS3MT variants on DMA%, using multiple approaches, including a test of the association between rare allele carrier status (yes/no) and DMA% using linear regression (adjusted for common variants in 10q24.32 region, age, sex, and population structure). RESULTS We identified 23 carriers of rare-protein-altering AS3MT variant across all cohorts (13 in HEALS and 5 in both SHS and NHSCS), including 6 carriers of predicted loss-of-function variants. DMA% was 6-10% lower in carriers compared with noncarriers in HEALS [β = - 9.4 (95% CI: - 13.9 , - 4.8 )], SHS [β = - 6.9 (95% CI: - 13.6 , - 0.2 )], and NHSCS [β = - 8.7 (95% CI: - 15.6 , - 2.2 )]. In meta-analyses across cohorts, DMA% was 8.7% lower in carriers [β = - 8.7 (95% CI: - 11.9 , - 5.4 )]. DISCUSSION Rare, protein-altering variants in AS3MT were associated with lower mean DMA%, an indicator of reduced AME. Although a small percentage of the population (0.5-0.7%) carry these variants, they are associated with a 6-10% decrease in DMA% that is consistent across multiple ancestral and environmental backgrounds. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP8152.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dayana A. Delgado
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago (UChicago), Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Meytal Chernoff
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago (UChicago), Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lei Huang
- Center for Research Informatics, UChicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lin Tong
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago (UChicago), Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago (UChicago), Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Farzana Jasmine
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago (UChicago), Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Justin Shinkle
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago (UChicago), Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Shelley A. Cole
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Karin Haack
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Jack Kent
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Jason Umans
- Georgetown-Howard Universities Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Lyle G. Best
- Missouri Breaks Industries Research, Inc., Timber Lake, South Dakota, USA
| | - Heather Nelson
- School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Donald Vander Griend
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Joseph Graziano
- Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Muhammad G. Kibriya
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago (UChicago), Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ana Navas-Acien
- Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Margaret R. Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Habibul Ahsan
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago (UChicago), Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, UChicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, UChicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Medicine, UChicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Brandon L. Pierce
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago (UChicago), Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, UChicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, UChicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Stýblo M, Venkatratnam A, Fry RC, Thomas DJ. Origins, fate, and actions of methylated trivalent metabolites of inorganic arsenic: progress and prospects. Arch Toxicol 2021; 95:1547-1572. [PMID: 33768354 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-03028-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The toxic metalloid inorganic arsenic (iAs) is widely distributed in the environment. Chronic exposure to iAs from environmental sources has been linked to a variety of human diseases. Methylation of iAs is the primary pathway for metabolism of iAs. In humans, methylation of iAs is catalyzed by arsenic (+ 3 oxidation state) methyltransferase (AS3MT). Conversion of iAs to mono- and di-methylated species (MAs and DMAs) detoxifies iAs by increasing the rate of whole body clearance of arsenic. Interindividual differences in iAs metabolism play key roles in pathogenesis of and susceptibility to a range of disease outcomes associated with iAs exposure. These adverse health effects are in part associated with the production of methylated trivalent arsenic species, methylarsonous acid (MAsIII) and dimethylarsinous acid (DMAsIII), during AS3MT-catalyzed methylation of iAs. The formation of these metabolites activates iAs to unique forms that cause disease initiation and progression. Taken together, the current evidence suggests that methylation of iAs is a pathway for detoxification and for activation of the metalloid. Beyond this general understanding of the consequences of iAs methylation, many questions remain unanswered. Our knowledge of metabolic targets for MAsIII and DMAsIII in human cells and mechanisms for interactions between these arsenicals and targets is incomplete. Development of novel analytical methods for quantitation of MAsIII and DMAsIII in biological samples promises to address some of these gaps. Here, we summarize current knowledge of the enzymatic basis of MAsIII and DMAsIII formation, the toxic actions of these metabolites, and methods available for their detection and quantification in biomatrices. Major knowledge gaps and future research directions are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Stýblo
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
| | - Abhishek Venkatratnam
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Rebecca C Fry
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - David J Thomas
- Chemical Characterization and Exposure Division, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Douillet C, Ji J, Meenakshi IL, Lu K, de Villena FPM, Fry RC, Stýblo M. Diverse genetic backgrounds play a prominent role in the metabolic phenotype of CC021/Unc and CC027/GeniUNC mice exposed to inorganic arsenic. Toxicology 2021; 452:152696. [PMID: 33524430 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic methyltransferase (AS3MT) is the key enzyme in the pathway for the methylation of inorganic arsenic (iAs), a potent human carcinogen and diabetogen. AS3MT converts iAs to mono- and dimethylated arsenic species (MAs, DMAs) that are excreted mainly in urine. Polymorphisms in AS3MT is a key genetic factor affecting iAs metabolism and toxicity. The present study examined the role of As3mt polymorphisms in the susceptibility to the diabetogenic effects of iAs exposure using two Collaborative Cross mouse strains, CC021/Unc and CC027/GeniUnc, carrying different As3mt haplotypes. Male mice from the two strains were exposed to iAs in drinking water (0, 0.1 or 50 ppm) for 11 weeks. Blood glucose and plasma insulin levels were measured after 6-h fasting and 15 min after i.p. injection of glucose. Body composition was determined using magnetic resonance imaging. To asses iAs metabolism, the concentrations of iAs, MAs and DMAs were measured in urine. The results show that CC021 mice, both iAs-exposed and controls, had higher body fat percentage, lower fasting blood glucose, higher fasting plasma insulin, and were more insulin resistant than their CC027 counterparts. iAs exposure had a minor effect on diabetes indicators and only in CC027 mice. Blood glucose levels 15 min after glucose injection were significantly higher in CC027 mice exposed to 0.1 ppm iAs than in control mice. No significant differences were found in the concentrations or proportions of arsenic species in urine of CC021 and CC027 mice at the same exposure level. These results suggest that the differences in As3mt haplotypes did not affect the profiles of iAs or its metabolites in mouse urine. The major differences in diabetes indicators were associated with the genetic backgrounds of CC021 and CC027 mice. The effects of iAs exposure, while minor, were genotype- and dose-dependent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Douillet
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jinglin Ji
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Immaneni Lakshmi Meenakshi
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Kun Lu
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Fernando Pardo-Manuel de Villena
- Department of Genetics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Rebecca C Fry
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Miroslav Stýblo
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Torbøl Pedersen J, De Loma J, Levi M, Palmgren M, Broberg K. Predicted AS3MT Proteins Methylate Arsenic and Support Two Major Phylogenetic AS3MT Groups. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 33:3041-3047. [PMID: 33156617 PMCID: PMC7759005 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Inorganic
arsenic is one of the most toxic and carcinogenic substances
in the environment, but many organisms, including humans, methylate
inorganic arsenic to mono-, di-, and trimethylated arsenic metabolites,
which the organism can excrete. In humans and other eukaryotic organisms,
the arsenite methyltransferase (AS3MT) protein methylates arsenite.
AS3MT sequences from eukaryotic organisms group phylogenetically with
predicted eubacterial AS3MT sequences, which has led to the suggestion
that AS3MT was acquired from eubacteria by multiple events of horizontal
gene transfer. In this study, we evaluated whether 55 (out of which
47 were predicted based on protein sequence similarity) sequences
encoding putative AS3MT orthologues in 47 species from different kingdoms
can indeed methylate arsenic. Fifty-three of the proteins showed arsenic
methylating capacity. For example, the predicted AS3MT of the human
gut bacterium Faecalibacterium prausnitzii methylated
arsenic efficiently. We performed a kinetic analysis of 14 AS3MT proteins
representing two phylogenetically distinct clades (Group 1 and 2)
that each contain both eubacterial and eukaryotic sequences. We found
that animal and bacterial AS3MTs in Group 1 rarely produce trimethylated
arsenic, whereas Hydra vulgaris and the bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris in Group 2 produce trimethylated
arsenic metabolites. These findings suggest that animals during evolution
have acquired different arsenic methylating phenotypes from different
bacteria. Further, it shows that humans carry two bacterial systems
for arsenic methylation: one bacterium-derived AS3MT from Group 1
incorporated in the human genome and one from Group 2 in F.
prausnitzii present in the gut microbiome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesper Torbøl Pedersen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-1871, Denmark.,Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
| | - Jessica De Loma
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
| | - Michael Levi
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
| | - Michael Palmgren
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-1871, Denmark
| | - Karin Broberg
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-1871, Denmark.,Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Barguilla I, Peremartí J, Bach J, Marcos R, Hernández A. Role of As3mt and Mth1 in the genotoxic and carcinogenic effects induced by long-term exposures to arsenic in MEF cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 409:115303. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
27
|
Koller BH, Snouwaert JN, Douillet C, Jania LA, El-Masri H, Thomas DJ, Stýblo M. Arsenic Metabolism in Mice Carrying a BORCS7/AS3MT Locus Humanized by Syntenic Replacement. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2020; 128:87003. [PMID: 32779937 PMCID: PMC7418654 DOI: 10.1289/ehp6943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) is a significant public health problem. Methylation of iAs by arsenic methyltransferase (AS3MT) controls iAs detoxification and modifies risks of iAs-induced diseases. Mechanisms underlying these diseases have been extensively studied using animal models. However, substantive differences between humans and laboratory animals in efficiency of iAs methylation have hindered the translational potential of the laboratory studies. OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to determine whether humanization of the As3mt gene confers a human-like pattern of iAs metabolism in mice. METHODS We generated a mouse strain in which the As3mt gene along with the adjacent Borcs7 gene was humanized by syntenic replacement. We compared expression of the mouse As3mt and the human AS3MT and the rate and pattern of iAs metabolism in the wild-type and humanized mice. RESULTS AS3MT expression in mouse tissues closely modeled that of human and differed substantially from expression of As3mt. Detoxification of iAs was much less efficient in the humanized mice than in wild-type mice. Profiles for iAs and its methylated metabolites in tissues and excreta of the humanized mice were consistent with those reported in humans. Notably, the humanized mice expressed both the full-length AS3MT that catalyzes iAs methylation and the human-specific AS3MTd2d3 splicing variant that has been linked to schizophrenia. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that AS3MT is the primary genetic locus responsible for the unique pattern of iAs metabolism in humans. Thus, the humanized mouse strain can be used to study the role of iAs methylation in the pathogenesis of iAs-induced diseases, as well as to evaluate the role of AS3MTd2d3 in schizophrenia. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP6943.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beverly H. Koller
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - John N. Snouwaert
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Christelle Douillet
- Department of Nutrition, UNC Gillings School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Leigh A. Jania
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Hisham El-Masri
- Chemical Characterization and Exposure Division, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - David J. Thomas
- Chemical Characterization and Exposure Division, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Miroslav Stýblo
- Department of Nutrition, UNC Gillings School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Maimaitiyiming Y, Zhu HH, Yang C, Naranmandura H. Biotransformation of arsenic trioxide by AS3MT favors eradication of acute promyelocytic leukemia: revealing the hidden facts. Drug Metab Rev 2020; 52:425-437. [PMID: 32677488 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2020.1791173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is one of the most effective drugs for treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). It could specifically target the PML/RARα fusion oncoprotein stability and induces APL cell differentiation as well as apoptosis. Although many studies have been conducted to document the anticancer effects and mechanism of ATO, there is little information about the association between biotransformation of ATO to active arsenic metabolites and APL therapy. Generally, ATO can be rapidly converted into trivalent methylated metabolites by arsenic (+3 oxidation state) methyltransferase (AS3MT) mostly in liver and redistributed to bloodstream of APL patients who receiving ATO treatment, thereby leading to a balance between cytotoxicity and differentiation, which is proposed to be the key event in successful treatment of APL. In this review, we comprehensively discussed possible roles of AS3MT and methylated arsenic metabolites in APL therapy, so as to reveal the association between individual differences of AS3MT expression and activity with the therapeutic efficacy of ATO in APL patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasen Maimaitiyiming
- Department of Hematology of First Affiliated Hospital, and Department of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Hu Zhu
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chang Yang
- Department of Hematology of First Affiliated Hospital, and Department of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hua Naranmandura
- Department of Hematology of First Affiliated Hospital, and Department of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Hirano S. Biotransformation of arsenic and toxicological implication of arsenic metabolites. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:2587-2601. [PMID: 32435915 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02772-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic is a well-known environmental carcinogen and chronic exposure to arsenic through drinking water has been reported to cause skin, bladder and lung cancers, with arsenic metabolites being implicated in the pathogenesis. In contrast, arsenic trioxide (As2O3) is an effective therapeutic agent for the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia, in which the binding of arsenite (iAsIII) to promyelocytic leukemia (PML) protein is the proposed initial step. These findings on the two-edged sword characteristics of arsenic suggest that after entry into cells, arsenic reaches the nucleus and triggers various nuclear events. Arsenic is reduced, conjugated with glutathione, and methylated in the cytosol. These biotransformations, including the production of reactive metabolic intermediates, appear to determine the intracellular dynamics, target organs, and biological functions of arsenic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seishiro Hirano
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8506, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Rodriguez KF, Mellouk N, Ungewitter EK, Nicol B, Liu C, Brown PR, Willson CJ, Yao HHC. In utero exposure to arsenite contributes to metabolic and reproductive dysfunction in male offspring of CD-1 mice. Reprod Toxicol 2020; 95:95-103. [PMID: 32428649 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2020.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In utero exposure to arsenite (iAs) is known to increase disease risks later in life. We investigated the effect of in utero exposure to iAs in the drinking water on metabolic and reproductive parameters in male mouse offspring at postnatal and adult stages. Pregnant CD-1 mice were exposed to iAs (as sodium arsenite) in the drinking water at 0 (control), 10 ppb (EPA standard for drinking water), and 42.5 ppm (tumor-inducing dose in mice) from embryonic day (E) 10-18. At birth, pups were fostered to unexposed females. Male offspring exposed to 10 ppb in utero exhibited increase in body weight at birth when compared to controls. Male offspring exposed to 42.5 ppm in utero showed a tendency for increased body weight and a smaller anogenital distance. The body weight in iAs-exposed pups continued to increase significantly compared to control at 3 weeks and 11 weeks of age. At 5 months of age, iAs-exposed males exhibited greater body fat content and glucose intolerance. Male offspring exposed to 10 ppb in utero had higher circulating levels of leptin compared to control. In addition, males exposed to 42.5 ppm in utero exhibited decreased total number of pups born compared to controls and lower average number of litters sired over a six-month period. These results indicate that in utero exposure to iAs at either human relevant concentration or tumor-inducing concentration is a potential cause of developmental origin of metabolic and reproductive dysfunction in adult male mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karina F Rodriguez
- Reproductive Developmental Biology Group, Reproduction and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Namya Mellouk
- Reproductive Developmental Biology Group, Reproduction and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Erica K Ungewitter
- Reproductive Developmental Biology Group, Reproduction and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Barbara Nicol
- Reproductive Developmental Biology Group, Reproduction and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Chang Liu
- Reproductive Developmental Biology Group, Reproduction and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Paula R Brown
- Reproductive Developmental Biology Group, Reproduction and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Cynthia J Willson
- Integrated Laboratory Systems, Inc., Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Humphrey H-C Yao
- Reproductive Developmental Biology Group, Reproduction and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Mao J, Yang Q, Miyazawa M, Miura M, Wang L, Xia H, Kato K, Yamanaka K, An Y. Possible differences in the mechanism of malignant transformation of HaCaT cells by arsenite and its dimethyl metabolites, particularly dimethylthioarsenics. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 61:126544. [PMID: 32416464 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a confirmed human carcinogen, arsenic can cause skin cancer, lung cancer, etc. However, its carcinogenic mechanism is still unclear. In recent years, the oxidative stress hypothesis has become widely accepted. In mammals it has been found that arsenic can be converted to dimethylarsinous acid (DMAIII) and dimethylmonothioarsinic acid (DMMTAV) through a series of methylation and redox reactions. DMAIII and DMMTAV are highly toxic. METHODS Human keratinocytes (HaCaT) were exposed to different concentrations of NaAsO2 (IAsIII), DMMTAV and DMAIII for 24 h. Reactive oxygen species (hydrogen peroxide and superoxide), oxidative damage markers (8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine and malondialdehyde), and antioxidant markers (glutathione and superoxide dismutase) were measured. In addition, sulfane sulfurs were measured in HaCaT cells and a cell-free system. RESULTS In the DMMTAV and DMAIII treatment groups, the levels of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide in HaCaT cells were higher than in the IAsIII treatment groups at the same dose. Levels of 8-OHdG and MDA in the DMMTAV and DMAIII treatment groups were also higher than those in the IAsIII treatment groups at the same dose. However, in the DMMTAV and DMAIII treatment groups, the levels of GSH and SOD activity were lower than that in the IAsIII treatment groups. In DMMTAV-treated HaCaT cells, sulfane sulfurs were produced. Further, it was found that DMMTAV could react with DMDTAV to form persulfide in the cell-free system, which may explain the mechanism of the formation of sulfane sulfurs in DMMTAV-treated HaCaT cells. CONCLUSIONS DMMTAV and DMAIII more readily induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cause oxidative damage in HaCaT cells than inorganic arsenic. Further, the persulfide formed by the reaction of DMMTAV and DMDTAV produced from the metabolism of DMMTAV may induce a stronger reductive defense mechanism than GSH against the intracellular oxidative stress of DMMTAV. However, the cells exposed to arsenite are transformed by the continuous nuclear translocation of Nrf2 due to oxidative stress, and the persulfide from dimethylthioarsenics may promote Nrf2 by the combination with thiol groups, especially redox control key protein, Keap1, eventually cause nuclear translocation of sustained Nrf2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayuan Mao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qianlei Yang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Makoto Miyazawa
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Motofumi Miura
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Luna Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haixuan Xia
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Koichi Kato
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kenzo Yamanaka
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Yan An
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Bradham K, Herde C, Herde P, Juhasz AL, Herbin-Davis K, Elek B, Farthing A, Diamond GL, Thomas DJ. Intra- and Interlaboratory Evaluation of an Assay of Soil Arsenic Relative Bioavailability in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:2615-2622. [PMID: 32027133 PMCID: PMC8190816 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b06537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hand-to-mouth activity in children can be an important route for ingestion of soil and dust contaminated with inorganic arsenic. Estimating the relative bioavailability of arsenic present in these media is a critical element in assessing the risks associated with aggregate exposure to this toxic metalloid during their early life. Here, we evaluated the performance of a mouse assay for arsenic bioavailability in two laboratories using a suite of 10 soils. This approach allowed us to examine both intralaboratory and interlaboratory variations in assay performance. Use of a single vendor for preparation of all amended test diets and of a single laboratory for arsenic analysis of samples generated in the participating laboratories minimized contributions of these potential sources of variability in assay performance. Intralaboratory assay data showed that food and water intake and cumulative urine and feces production remained stable over several years. The stability of these measurements accounted for the reproducibility of estimates of arsenic bioavailability obtained from repeated intralaboratory assays using sodium arsenate or soils as the test material. Interlaboratory comparisons found that estimates of variables used to evaluate assay performance (recovery and urinary excretion factor) were similar in the two laboratories. For all soils, estimates of arsenic relative bioavailability obtained in the two laboratories were highly correlated (r2 = 0.94 and slope = 0.9) in a linear regression model. Overall, these findings show that this mouse assay for arsenic bioavailability provides reproducible estimates using a variety of test soils. This robust model may be adaptable for use in other laboratory settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Bradham
- Public Health Chemistry Branch, Exposure Measurements and Methods Division, National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709 USA
| | - Carina Herde
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Paul Herde
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Albert L. Juhasz
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Karen Herbin-Davis
- Pharmacokinetics Branch, Integrated Systems Toxicology Divison, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709 USA
| | - Brittany Elek
- Pharmacokinetics Branch, Integrated Systems Toxicology Divison, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709 USA
| | - Amy Farthing
- Pharmacokinetics Branch, Integrated Systems Toxicology Divison, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709 USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Apata M, Pfeifer SP. Recent population genomic insights into the genetic basis of arsenic tolerance in humans: the difficulties of identifying positively selected loci in strongly bottlenecked populations. Heredity (Edinb) 2020; 124:253-262. [PMID: 31776483 PMCID: PMC6972707 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-019-0285-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in genomics have enabled researchers to shed light on the evolutionary processes driving human adaptation, by revealing the genetic architectures underlying traits ranging from lactase persistence, to skin pigmentation, to hypoxic response, to arsenic tolerance. Complicating the identification of targets of positive selection in modern human populations is their complex demographic history, characterized by population bottlenecks and expansions, population structure, migration, and admixture. In particular, founder effects and recent strong population size reductions, such as those experienced by the indigenous peoples of the Americas, have severe impacts on genetic variation that can lead to the accumulation of large allele frequency differences between populations due to genetic drift rather than natural selection. While distinguishing the effects of demographic history from selection remains challenging, neglecting neutral processes can lead to the incorrect identification of candidate loci. We here review the recent population genomic insights into the genetic basis of arsenic tolerance in Andean populations, and utilize this example to highlight both the difficulties pertaining to the identification of local adaptations in strongly bottlenecked populations, as well as the importance of controlling for demographic history in selection scans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Apata
- Center for Evolution & Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85821, USA
| | - Susanne P Pfeifer
- Center for Evolution & Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85821, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Coryell M, Roggenbeck BA, Walk ST. The Human Gut Microbiome's Influence on Arsenic Toxicity. CURRENT PHARMACOLOGY REPORTS 2019; 5:491-504. [PMID: 31929964 PMCID: PMC6953987 DOI: 10.1007/s40495-019-00206-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Arsenic exposure is a public health concern of global proportions with a high degree of interindividual variability in pathologic outcomes. Arsenic metabolism is a key factor underlying toxicity, and the primary purpose of this review is to summarize recent discoveries concerning the influence of the human gut microbiome on the metabolism, bioavailability, and toxicity of ingested arsenic. We review and discuss the current state of knowledge along with relevant methodologies for studying these phenomena. RECENT FINDINGS Bacteria in the human gut can biochemically transform arsenic-containing compounds (arsenicals). Recent publications utilizing culture-based approaches combined with analytical biochemistry and molecular genetics have helped identify several arsenical transformations by bacteria that are at least possible in the human gut and are likely to mediate arsenic toxicity to the host. Other studies that directly incubate stool samples in vitro also demonstrate the gut microbiome's potential to alter arsenic speciation and bioavailability. In vivo disruption or elimination of the microbiome has been shown to influence toxicity and body burden of arsenic through altered excretion and biotransformation of arsenicals. Currently, few clinical or epidemiological studies have investigated relationships between the gut microbiome and arsenic-related health outcomes in humans, although current evidence provides strong rationale for this research in the future. SUMMARY The human gut microbiome can metabolize arsenic and influence arsenical oxidation state, methylation status, thiolation status, bioavailability, and excretion. We discuss the strength of current evidence and propose that the microbiome be considered in future epidemiologic and toxicologic studies of human arsenic exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Coryell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, 109 Lewis Hall, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Barbara A. Roggenbeck
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, 109 Lewis Hall, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Seth T. Walk
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, 109 Lewis Hall, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Makhani K, Chiavatti C, Plourde D, Negro Silva LF, Lemaire M, Lemarié CA, Lehoux S, Mann KK. Using the Apolipoprotein E Knock-Out Mouse Model to Define Atherosclerotic Plaque Changes Induced by Low Dose Arsenic. Toxicol Sci 2019; 166:213-218. [PMID: 30376133 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic exposure increases the risk of atherosclerosis, the gradual occlusion of the large arteries with fibro-fatty plaque. While epidemiologic data provide convincing evidence this is true at higher exposures, it is unclear whether this may occur at low arsenic exposures, near the maximum contaminant level of 10 ppb. We have previously shown that 200 ppb arsenite in the drinking water increased the atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knock-out (apoE-/-) mice after 13 weeks, but the effects of lower concentrations were unknown. Therefore, here, we analyzed the effects of oral exposure to arsenite from 10 to 200 ppb after 13 weeks. Importantly, we found that even at the lowest concentration of arsenite, there was a significant increase in atherosclerotic plaque size. In our previous studies, we found that arsenite exposure resulted in decreased smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and collagen within the plaque. This change is indicative of a less stable phenotype that could increase the risk of rupture and subsequently, myocardial infarct or stroke in humans. In addition, we observed that lipid increased within the plaque without concomitant increase in macrophage content, suggesting that the macrophages were retaining more lipid intracellularly. We also assessed these plaque components in apoE-/- mice exposed to 10-200 ppb arsenite. Interestingly, we observed that macrophage lipid accumulation occurred at lower concentrations than the decreased SMC/collagen content. Together these data suggest that in the apoE-/- model, low arsenite concentrations are pro-atherogenic and that macrophage lipid homeostasis is more sensitive to arsenite-induced perturbation than the SMCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Makhani
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Division of Experimental Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Christopher Chiavatti
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Division of Experimental Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Dany Plourde
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Luis Fernando Negro Silva
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Division of Experimental Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maryse Lemaire
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Oncology, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Catherine A Lemarié
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stephanie Lehoux
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Division of Experimental Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Koren K Mann
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Division of Experimental Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Oncology, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Bae J, Jang Y, Kim H, Mahato K, Schaecher C, Kim IM, Kim E, Ro SH. Arsenite exposure suppresses adipogenesis, mitochondrial biogenesis and thermogenesis via autophagy inhibition in brown adipose tissue. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14464. [PMID: 31594991 PMCID: PMC6783448 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50965-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Arsenite, a trivalent form of arsenic, is an element that occurs naturally in the environment. Humans are exposed to high dose of arsenite through consuming arsenite-contaminated drinking water and food, and the arsenite can accumulate in the human tissues. Arsenite induces oxidative stress, which is linked to metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes. Brown adipocytes dissipating energy as heat have emerging roles for obesity treatment and prevention. Therefore, understanding the pathophysiological role of brown adipocytes can provide effective strategies delineating the link between arsenite exposure and metabolic disorders. Our study revealed that arsenite significantly reduced differentiation of murine brown adipocytes and mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration, leading to attenuated thermogenesis via decreasing UCP1 expression. Oral administration of arsenite in mice resulted in heavy accumulation in brown adipose tissue and suppression of lipogenesis, mitochondrial biogenesis and thermogenesis. Mechanistically, arsenite exposure significantly inhibited autophagy necessary for homeostasis of brown adipose tissue through suppression of Sestrin2 and ULK1. These results clearly confirm the emerging mechanisms underlying the implications of arsenite exposure in metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoung Bae
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA.,Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Yura Jang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA.,Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Heejeong Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Kalika Mahato
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Cameron Schaecher
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA.,College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Isaac M Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Eunju Kim
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Seung-Hyun Ro
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Stýblo M, Douillet C, Bangma J, Eaves LA, de Villena FPM, Fry R. Differential metabolism of inorganic arsenic in mice from genetically diverse Collaborative Cross strains. Arch Toxicol 2019; 93:2811-2822. [PMID: 31493028 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02559-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mice have been frequently used to study the adverse effects of inorganic arsenic (iAs) exposure in laboratory settings. Like humans, mice metabolize iAs to monomethyl-As (MAs) and dimethyl-As (DMAs) metabolites. However, mice metabolize iAs more efficiently than humans, which may explain why some of the effects of iAs reported in humans have been difficult to reproduce in mice. In the present study, we searched for mouse strains in which iAs metabolism resembles that in humans. We examined iAs metabolism in male mice from 12 genetically diverse Collaborative Cross (CC) strains that were exposed to arsenite in drinking water (0.1 or 50 ppm) for 2 weeks. Concentrations of iAs and its metabolites were measured in urine and livers. Significant differences in total As concentration and in proportions of total As represented by iAs, MAs, and DMAs were observed between the strains. These differences were more pronounced in livers, particularly in mice exposed to 50 ppm iAs. In livers, large variations among the strains were found in percentage of iAs (15-48%), MAs (11-29%), and DMAs (29-66%). In contrast, DMAs represented 96-99% of total As in urine in all strains regardless of exposure. Notably, the percentages of As species in urine did not correlate with total As concentration in liver, suggesting that the urinary profiles were not representative of the internal exposure. In livers of mice exposed to 50 ppm, but not to 0.1 ppm iAs, As3mt expression correlated with percent of iAs and DMAs. No correlations were found between As3mt expression and the proportions of As species in urine regardless of exposure level. Although we did not find yet a CC strain in which proportions of As species in urine would match those reported in humans (typically 10-30% iAs, 10-20% MAs, 60-70% DMAs), CC strains characterized by low %DMAs in livers after exposure to 50 ppm iAs (suggesting inefficient iAs methylation) could be better models for studies aiming to reproduce effects of iAs described in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Stýblo
- Department of Nutrition, CB# 7461, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7461, USA.
| | - Christelle Douillet
- Department of Nutrition, CB# 7461, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7461, USA
| | - Jacqueline Bangma
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, CB#7431, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7431, USA
| | - Lauren A Eaves
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, CB#7431, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7431, USA
| | - Fernando Pardo-Manuel de Villena
- Department of Genetics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Rebecca Fry
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, CB#7431, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7431, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
He J, Liu W, Ge X, Wang GC, Desai V, Wang S, Mu W, Bhardwaj V, Seifert E, Liu LZ, Bhushan A, Peiper SC, Jiang BH. Arsenic-induced metabolic shift triggered by the loss of miR-199a-5p through Sp1-dependent DNA methylation. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 378:114606. [PMID: 31170415 PMCID: PMC6788774 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Inorganic arsenic is an environmental carcinogen that poses a major global public health risk. A high percentage of drinking water from wells in the U.S. contains higher-than-normal levels of arsenic, suggesting an increased risk of arsenic-induced deleterious effects. In addition to primary preventive measures, therapeutic strategies need to effectively address and integrate multiple molecular mechanisms underlying arsenic-induced carcinogenesis. We previously showed that the loss of miR-199a-5p in arsenic-transformed cells is pivotal to promote arsenic-induced angiogenesis and tumor growth in lung epithelial cells. In this study, we further showed that subacute or chronic exposure to arsenic diminished miR-199a-5p levels largely due to DNA methylation, which was achieved by increased DNA methyltransferase-1 (DNMT1) activity, mediated by the formation of specific protein 1 (Sp1)/DNMT1 complex. In addition to the DNA hypermethylation, arsenic exposure also repressed miR-199a transcription through a transcriptional repressor Sp1. We further identified an association between miR-199a-5p repression and the arsenic-mediated energy metabolic shift, as reflected by mitochondria defects and a switch to glycolysis, in which a glycolytic enzyme pyruvate kinase 2 (PKM2) was a functional target of miR-199a-5p. Taken together, the repression of miR-199a-5p through both Sp1-dependent DNA methylation and Sp1 transcriptional repression promotes an arsenic-mediated metabolic shift from mitochondria respiration to aerobic glycolysis via PKM2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun He
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States of America.
| | - Weitao Liu
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Ge
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gao-Chan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States of America
| | - Vilas Desai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States of America
| | - Shaomin Wang
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States of America
| | - Wei Mu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Vikas Bhardwaj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States of America
| | - Erin Seifert
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States of America
| | - Ling-Zhi Liu
- Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IW 52242, United States of America
| | - Alok Bhushan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States of America
| | - Stephen C Peiper
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States of America
| | - Bing-Hua Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IW 52242, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Costa M. Review of arsenic toxicity, speciation and polyadenylation of canonical histones. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 375:1-4. [PMID: 31077704 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic contamination impacts hundreds of millions of people in the world. Arsenic is a well-established human carcinogen and has been shown to cause skin, lung, bladder, liver, prostate and kidney cancers, in humans. Mechanisms that underlie arsenic-mediated carcinogenesis, including epigenetic alterations, remain largely unknown. Human exposure to Arsenic is reviewed, and the mechanisms of its acute and chronic toxicity and mechanisms of its carcinogenesis in humans are discussed. Arsenic is one of the few metals that is metabolized in vivo, and Arsenic methylation and how this results in a shorter half-life in vivo are discussed. A review of recent findings that Arsenic causes loss in the cellular levels of Stem Loop Binding Protein (SLBP) resulting in polyadenylation of canonical histones (H3.1) as a default, increasing levels of H3.1 protein outside of S-Phase. Malignant cell transformation is induced by knockdown of SLBP and by overexpression of polyadenylated H3.1. Arsenic induced polyadenylation of H3.1 causes enhanced levels of H3.1 protein displacing H3.3 protein from its cellular binding sites, since the two proteins differ by only 5 amino acids. Knockdown of H3.3 alone can induce carcinogenesis, and therefore displacement of functional H3.3 protein by increased H3.1 protein, is likely a mechanism of arsenic carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Max Costa
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 341 East 25th Street, New York, NY 10100, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Maimaitiyiming Y, Wang C, Xu S, Islam K, Chen YJ, Yang C, Wang QQ, Naranmandura H. Role of arsenic (+3 oxidation state) methyltransferase in arsenic mediated APL treatment: an in vitro investigation. Metallomics 2019; 10:828-837. [PMID: 29774349 DOI: 10.1039/c8mt00057c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic (+3 oxidation state) methyltransferase (AS3MT) is a key enzyme responsible for arsenic metabolism in humans, which facilitates conversion of arsenic trioxide (As2O3) to more reactive metabolites such as monomethylarsonous acid (MMAIII) and dimethylarsinous acid (DMAIII). However, it is unclear whether the biotransformation of arsenic by AS3MT contributes to the promotion of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) therapy. In order to understand the probable role of AS3MT in APL patients, we evaluated the effects of arsenite (iAsIII) and three mixed arsenicals (i.e., iAsIII, MMAIII and DMAIII, to mimic active arsenic species in the blood) on NB4 cell differentiation and apoptosis. Although the mixed arsenicals exhibited about 2 fold less effect on the induction of NB4 cell differentiation and PML-RARα fusion protein degradation, they showed 5 times stronger ability to induce apoptosis when compared with iAsIII. More importantly, the proliferation of NB4 cells was significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited in a transwell system co-cultured with AS3MT-transfected HepG2 cells after exposure to iAsIII, suggesting that the generation of methylated metabolites restrained cell proliferation. These findings indicate that the therapeutic efficacy of As2O3 (i.e., iAsIII) in APL patients is probably associated with the production of methylated arsenic metabolites (i.e., MMAIII and DMAIII) by AS3MT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasen Maimaitiyiming
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Navas-Acien A, Sanchez TR, Mann K, Jones MR. Arsenic Exposure and Cardiovascular Disease: Evidence Needed to Inform the Dose-Response at Low Levels. CURR EPIDEMIOL REP 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40471-019-00186-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
42
|
Tsuji JS, Chang ET, Gentry PR, Clewell HJ, Boffetta P, Cohen SM. Dose-response for assessing the cancer risk of inorganic arsenic in drinking water: the scientific basis for use of a threshold approach. Crit Rev Toxicol 2019; 49:36-84. [DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2019.1573804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ellen T. Chang
- Exponent, Inc., Menlo Park, CA and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Paolo Boffetta
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Samuel M. Cohen
- Havlik-Wall Professor of Oncology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology and the Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Rahman MM, Hossain KFB, Banik S, Sikder MT, Akter M, Bondad SEC, Rahaman MS, Hosokawa T, Saito T, Kurasaki M. Selenium and zinc protections against metal-(loids)-induced toxicity and disease manifestations: A review. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 168:146-163. [PMID: 30384162 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Metals are ubiquitous in the environment due to huge industrial applications in the form of different chemicals and from extensive mining activities. The frequent exposures to metals and metalloids are crucial for the human health. Trace metals are beneficial for health whereas non-essential metals are dangerous for the health and some are proven etiological factors for diseases including cancers and neurological disorders. The interactions of essential trace metals such as selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) with non-essential metals viz. lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), and mercury (Hg) in biological system are very critical and complex. A huge number of studies report the protective role of Se and Zn against metal toxicity, both in animal and cellular levels, and also explain the numerous mechanisms involved. However, it has been considered that a tiny dyshomeostasis in the metals/trace metals status in biological system could induce severe deleterious effects that can manifest to numerous diseases. Thus, in this particular review, we have demonstrated the critical protection mechanism/s of Se and Zn against Cd, Pb, As and Hg toxicity in a one by one manner to clarify the up-to-date findings and perspectives. Furthermore, biomolecular consequences are comprehensively presented in light of particular cellular/biomolecular events which are somehow linked to a subsequent disease. The analyzed reports support significant protection potential of Se and Zn, either alone or in combination with other agents, against each of the abovementioned non-essential metals. However, Se and Zn are still not being used as detoxifying agents due to some unexplained reasons. We hypothesized that Se could be a potential candidate for detoxifying As and Hg regardless of their chemical speciations, but requires intensive clinical trials. However, particularly Zn-Hg interaction warrants more investigations both in animal and cellular level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Mostafizur Rahman
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, 060-0810 Sapporo, Japan; Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | | | - Subrata Banik
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, 060-0810 Sapporo, Japan
| | - Md Tajuddin Sikder
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, 060-0810 Sapporo, Japan; Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, 060-0812 Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mahmuda Akter
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, 060-0810 Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Md Shiblur Rahaman
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, 060-0810 Sapporo, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Hosokawa
- Research Division of Higher Education, Institute for the Advancement of Higher Education, Hokkaido University, 060-0817 Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Saito
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, 060-0812 Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masaaki Kurasaki
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, 060-0810 Sapporo, Japan; Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, 060-0810 Sapporo, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Yang C, Hao R, Lan YF, Chen YJ, Wang C, Bu N, Wang QQ, Hussain L, Ma LY, Maimaitiyiming Y, Lu XY, Naranmandura H. Integrity of zinc finger motifs in PML protein is necessary for inducing its degradation by antimony. Metallomics 2019; 11:1419-1429. [DOI: 10.1039/c9mt00102f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The presence of zinc ions in a zinc finger motif of a PML protein is a fundamental requirement for the protein's degradation by antimony.
Collapse
|
45
|
The gut microbiome is required for full protection against acute arsenic toxicity in mouse models. Nat Commun 2018; 9:5424. [PMID: 30575732 PMCID: PMC6303300 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07803-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Arsenic poisons an estimated 200 million people worldwide through contaminated food and drinking water. Confusingly, the gut microbiome has been suggested to both mitigate and exacerbate arsenic toxicity. Here, we show that the microbiome protects mice from arsenic-induced mortality. Both antibiotic-treated and germ-free mice excrete less arsenic in stool and accumulate more arsenic in organs compared to control mice. Mice lacking the primary arsenic detoxification enzyme (As3mt) are hypersensitive to arsenic after antibiotic treatment or when derived germ-free, compared to wild-type and/or conventional counterparts. Human microbiome (stool) transplants protect germ-free As3mt-KO mice from arsenic-induced mortality, but protection depends on microbiome stability and the presence of specific bacteria, including Faecalibacterium. Our results demonstrate that both a functional As3mt and specific microbiome members are required for protection against acute arsenic toxicity in mouse models. We anticipate that the gut microbiome will become an important explanatory factor of disease (arsenicosis) penetrance in humans, and a novel target for prevention and treatment strategies. It is unclear whether the gut microbiome can mitigate or exacerbate arsenic toxicity. Here, Coryell et al. show that the human gut microbiome protects mice from arsenic-induced mortality, with protection levels correlating with the relative abundance of the human commensal Faecalibacterium.
Collapse
|
46
|
Huang MC, Douillet C, Dover EN, Zhang C, Beck R, Tejan-Sie A, Krupenko SA, Stýblo M. Metabolic Phenotype of Wild-Type and As3mt-Knockout C57BL/6J Mice Exposed to Inorganic Arsenic: The Role of Dietary Fat and Folate Intake. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2018; 126:127003. [PMID: 30675811 PMCID: PMC6371649 DOI: 10.1289/ehp3951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inorganic arsenic (iAs) is a diabetogen. Interindividual differences in iAs metabolism have been linked to susceptibility to diabetes in iAs-exposed populations. Dietary folate intake has been shown to influence iAs metabolism, but to our knowledge its role in iAs-associated diabetes has not been studied. OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to assess how folate intake, combined with low-fat (LFD) and high-fat diets (HFD), affects the metabolism and diabetogenic effects of iAs in wild-type (WT) mice and in As3mt-knockout (KO) mice that have limited capacity for iAs detoxification. METHODS Male and female WT and KO mice were exposed to 0 or [Formula: see text] iAs in drinking water. Mice were fed the LFD containing [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text] folate for 24 weeks, followed by the HFD with the same folate levels for 13 weeks. Metabolic phenotype and iAs metabolism were examined before and after switching to the HFD. RESULTS iAs exposure had little effect on the phenotype of mice fed LFD regardless of folate intake. High folate intake stimulated iAs metabolism, but only in WT females. KO mice accumulated more fat than WT mice and were insulin resistant, with males more insulin resistant than females despite similar %fat mass. Feeding the HFD increased adiposity and insulin resistance in all mice. However, iAs-exposed male and female WT mice with low folate intake were more insulin resistant than unexposed controls. High folate intake alleviated insulin resistance in both sexes, but stimulated iAs metabolism only in female mice. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to [Formula: see text] iAs in drinking water resulted in insulin resistance in WT mice only when combined with a HFD and low folate intake. The protective effect of high folate intake may be independent of iAs metabolism, at least in male mice. KO mice were more prone to developing insulin resistance, possibly due to the accumulation of iAs in tissues. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP3951.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madelyn C Huang
- Curriculum in Toxicology, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Christelle Douillet
- Department of Nutrition, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ellen N Dover
- Curriculum in Toxicology, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Chongben Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Rowan Beck
- Curriculum of Genetics and Molecular Biology, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ahmad Tejan-Sie
- Department of Nutrition, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sergey A Krupenko
- Department of Nutrition, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Miroslav Stýblo
- Curriculum in Toxicology, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Nutrition, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Lu J, Hu S, Wang W, Li J, Dong Z, Zhou J, Hai X. AS3MT Polymorphisms, Arsenic Metabolism, and the Hematological and Biochemical Values in APL Patients Treated with Arsenic Trioxide. Toxicol Sci 2018; 166:219-227. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University
| | - Shuang Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University
| | - Zengxiang Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University
| | - Jin Zhou
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xin Hai
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Herath I, Vithanage M, Seneweera S, Bundschuh J. Thiolated arsenic in natural systems: What is current, what is new and what needs to be known. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 115:370-386. [PMID: 29705693 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Thiolated arsenic compounds are the sulfur analogous substructures of oxo-arsenicals as the arsinoyl (As = O) is substituted by an arsinothioyl (As = S) group. Relatively brief history of thioarsenic research, mostly in the current decade has endeavored to understand their consequences in the natural environment. However, thioarsenic related aspects have by far not attached much research concern on global scale compared to other arsenic species. This review attempts to provide a critical overview for the first time on formation mechanisms of thioarsenicals, their chemistry, speciation and analytical methodologies in order to provide a rational assessment of what is new, what is current, what needs to be known or what should be done in future research. Thioarsenic compounds play a vital role in determining the biogeochemistry of arsenic in sulfidic environments under reducing conditions. Thioarsenic species are widely immobilized by naturally occurring processes such as the adsorption on iron (oxyhydr)oxides and precipitation on iron sulfide minerals. Accurate measurement of thioarsenic species is a challenging task due to their instability upon pH, temperature, redox potential, and concentrations of oxygen, sulfur and iron. Assessment of direct and indirect effects of toxic thioarsenic species on global population those who frequently get exposed to high levels of arsenic is an urgent necessity. Dimethylmonothioarsinic acid (DMMTAV) is the most cytotoxic arsenic metabolite having similar toxicological effects as dimethylarsinous acid (DMAIII) in human and animal tissues. The formation and chemical analysis of thioarsenicals in soil and sediments are highly unknown. Therefore, future research needs to be more inclined towards in determining the molecular structure of unknown thioarsenic complexes in various environmental suites. Contemporary approaches hyphenated to existing technologies would pave the way to overcome critical challenges of thioarsenic speciation such as standards synthesis, structural determination, quantification and sample preservation in future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Indika Herath
- School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, 4350 Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Meththika Vithanage
- International Centre for Applied Climate Science, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, 4350, Queensland, Australia; Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - Saman Seneweera
- Plant Stress Biology Research Group, Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, 4350, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jochen Bundschuh
- School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, 4350 Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia; UNESCO Chair on Groundwater Arsenic within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, 4350 Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Bozack AK, Saxena R, Gamble MV. Nutritional Influences on One-Carbon Metabolism: Effects on Arsenic Methylation and Toxicity. Annu Rev Nutr 2018; 38:401-429. [PMID: 29799766 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-082117-051757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to inorganic arsenic (InAs) via drinking water and/or food is a considerable worldwide problem. Methylation of InAs generates monomethyl (MMAsIII+V)- and dimethyl (DMAsIII+V)-arsenical species in a process that facilitates urinary As elimination; however, MMAs is considerably more toxic than either InAs or DMAs. Emerging evidence suggests that incomplete methylation of As to DMAs, resulting in increased MMAs, is associated with increased risk for a host of As-related health outcomes. The biochemical pathway that provides methyl groups for As methylation, one-carbon metabolism (OCM), is influenced by folate and other micronutrients, including choline and betaine. Individuals and species differ widely in their ability to methylate As. A growing body of research, including cell-culture, animal-model, and epidemiological studies, has demonstrated the role of OCM-related micronutrients in As methylation. This review examines the evidence that nutritional status and nutritional interventions can influence the metabolism and toxicity of As, with a primary focus on folate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne K Bozack
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA;
| | - Roheeni Saxena
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA;
| | - Mary V Gamble
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Banerjee M, Kaur G, Whitlock BD, Carew MW, Le XC, Leslie EM. Multidrug Resistance Protein 1 (MRP1/ABCC1)-Mediated Cellular Protection and Transport of Methylated Arsenic Metabolites Differs between Human Cell Lines. Drug Metab Dispos 2018; 46:1096-1105. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.117.079640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
|