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Cox OH, Seifuddin F, Guo J, Pirooznia M, Boersma GJ, Wang J, Tamashiro KL, Lee RS. Implementation of the Methyl-Seq platform to identify tissue- and sex-specific DNA methylation differences in the rat epigenome. Epigenetics 2024; 19:2393945. [PMID: 39306700 PMCID: PMC11418217 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2024.2393945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Epigenomic annotations for the rat lag far behind those of human and mouse, despite the rat's immense utility in pharmacological and behavioral studies and the need to understand their epigenetic mechanisms. We have designed a targeted-enrichment method followed by next-generation sequencing (Methyl-Seq) to identify DNA methylation (DNAm) signatures across the rat genome. The design reflected an attempt to create a more comprehensive investigation of the rat epigenome, as it included promoters, CpG islands, and island shores of all RefSeq genes. In this study, we implemented the rat Methyl-Seq platform and tested its ability to distinguish differentially methylated regions (DMRs) among three different tissue types, three distinct brain regions, and, in the hippocampus, between males and females. These comparisons yielded DNAm differences of differing magnitudes, many of which were independently validated by bisulfite pyrosequencing, including autosomal regions that were predicted to show the least degree of difference in DNAm between males and females. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR revealed that most genes associated with the DMRs showed tissue-, brain region-, and sex-specific differences in expression. In particular, we found evidence for sex-specific DNAm and expression differences at Tubb6, Lrrn2, Tex26, and Sox5l1, all of which play important roles in neurodevelopment and have been implicated in studies examining sex differences. Our results demonstrate the utility of the rat Methyl-Seq platform and suggest the presence of DNAm differences between the male and female hippocampus. The rat Methyl-Seq has the potential to provide epigenomic insights into pharmacological and behavioral studies performed in the rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia H. Cox
- Mood Disorders Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Fayaz Seifuddin
- Mood Disorders Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Jeffrey Guo
- Mood Disorders Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Mehdi Pirooznia
- Mood Disorders Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Gretha J. Boersma
- GGZ Drenthe Mental Health Institute, Department of Forensic Psychiatry, Assen, The Netherlands
| | - Josh Wang
- Agilent Technologies, Inc., Santa Clara, USA
| | - Kellie L.K. Tamashiro
- Mood Disorders Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Richard S. Lee
- Mood Disorders Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
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Lehtimäki KK, Rytkönen J, Pussinen R, Shatillo A, Bragge T, Heikkinen T, Fischer DF, Kopanitsa MV, Sweeney P, Nurmi A, Puoliväli J. Physiological and behavioural implications of the portosystemic shunt in C57Bl/6J mice. J Physiol 2024. [PMID: 39365978 DOI: 10.1113/jp287237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 10/06/2024] Open
Abstract
A significant fraction of the popular inbred C57Bl/6J mice show structural and biochemical features of the congenital portosystemic shunt (PSS). How this hepatic abnormality affects physiological and behavioural parameters has not been explored in detail. Here, we confirmed the frequent occurrence of the PSS in C57Bl/6J mice by three different methods. We screened a cohort of 119 C57Bl/6J mice for total bile acids (TBA) in plasma, identified 11 animals (9.2%) with high TBA (>11 µm; 171.1 ± 76.8 µm), and confirmed PSS presence in that subset by magnetic resonance angiography and 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy of brain metabolites in the hippocampal area. In addition to the high glutamine and low myo-inositol levels, we detected lower levels of several neurotransmitters and metabolites in the hippocampus, higher brain weight and volume, as well as enhanced brain glucose utilisation in the PSS mice. We also observed differences in peripheral organ weights, haematological cell counts and clinical chemistry parameters in C57Bl/6J mice with and without PSS. Animals with PSS were slightly hyperlocomotive, had better balance on the rotarod, showed altered gait properties, and displayed attenuated fear memory in the fear conditioning test. Furthermore, we revealed a significant alteration of the pharmacokinetic profile of diazepam in C57Bl/6J mice with PSS. Our data support previous reports of hepatic disturbances and demonstrate an altered neurobiological phenotype in C57Bl/6J mice with PSS. Such congenital differences between inbred C57Bl/6J littermates may significantly distort experimental outcomes of pharmacological, behavioural and genetic studies. KEY POINTS: A significant proportion of C57Bl/6J mice, an inbred strain popular in preclinical research, have congenital portosystemic shunts (PSS) that allow venous blood to enter systemic circulation bypassing the liver. In this study, we extended existing knowledge of PSS consequences, particularly with respect to the effects on brain structure and function. We demonstrated that C57Bl/6J mice with PSS differ from their normal counterparts in brain size and contents of several neuroactive substances, as well as in peripheral organ weights, rate of glucose utilisation, blood cell counts and blood clinical chemistry parameters. C57Bl/6J mice with PSS showed altered locomotor behaviour, performed worse in a memory test and had abnormal blood pharmacokinetics of a benzodiazepine drug after a single administration. PSS presence may significantly complicate the interpretation of experiments in C57Bl/6J mice; therefore, we propose that before their use in biomedical studies, these mice should be screened with a simple blood test.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Timo Bragge
- Charles River Discovery Services, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - David F Fischer
- Charles River Discovery Services, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, UK
| | | | | | - Antti Nurmi
- Charles River Discovery Services, Kuopio, Finland
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3
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Kravchenko P, Tachibana K. Rise and SINE: roles of transcription factors and retrotransposons in zygotic genome activation. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2024:10.1038/s41580-024-00772-6. [PMID: 39358607 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-024-00772-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
In sexually reproducing organisms, life begins with the fusion of transcriptionally silent gametes, the oocyte and sperm. Although initiation of transcription in the embryo, known as zygotic genome activation (ZGA), is universally required for development, the transcription factors regulating this process are poorly conserved. In this Perspective, we discuss recent insights into the mechanisms of ZGA in totipotent mammalian embryos, namely ZGA regulation by several transcription factors, including by orphan nuclear receptors (OrphNRs) such as the pioneer transcription factor NR5A2, and by factors of the DUX, TPRX and OBOX families. We performed a meta-analysis and compiled a list of pan-ZGA genes, and found that most of these genes are indeed targets of the above transcription factors. Remarkably, more than a third of these ZGA genes appear to be regulated both by OrphNRs such as NR5A2 and by OBOX proteins, whose motifs co-occur in SINE B1 retrotransposable elements, which are enriched near ZGA genes. We propose that ZGA in mice is activated by recruitment of multiple transcription factors to SINE B1 elements that function as enhancers, and discuss a potential relevance of this mechanism to Alu retrotransposable elements in human ZGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Kravchenko
- Department of Totipotency, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Munich, Germany
| | - Kikuë Tachibana
- Department of Totipotency, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Munich, Germany.
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Zhao L, Gong F, Lou K, Wang L, Wang J, Sun H, Wang D, Shi Y, Wang Z. Retrotransposon involves in photoperiodic spermatogenesis in Brandt's voles (Lasiopodomys brandtii) by co-transcription with flagellar genes. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 281:136224. [PMID: 39362423 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.136224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
Photoperiod is a pivotal factor in affecting spermatogenesis in seasonal-breeding animals. Transposable elements have regulatory functions during spermatogenesis. However, whether it also functions in photoperiodic spermatogenesis in seasonal breeding animals is unknown. To explore this, we first annotated 5,501,822 transposons in the whole genome of Brandt's voles (Lasiopodomys brandtii), and revealed that LINEs were the most abundant, comprising 16.61 % of the genome. Following closely, SINEs accounted for 10.13 %, LTRs for 7.54 %, and DNA transposons for 0.70 %. Subsequently, we exposed male Brandt's voles to long-photoperiod (LP, 16 h/day) and short-photoperiod (SP, 8 h/day) from their embryonic stages, and obtained testes transcriptome at 4 and 10 weeks after birth. Differential expression and Pearson analysis indicated strongly positive correlations between the expression of differentially expressed retrotransposons and the adjacent genes. KO, KEGG and GSEA results showed that sperm flagellar genes were most enriched nearby the retrotransposons such as Dnah1, Dnah2, Dnah17, Dnali1. RT-PCR results showed that SINE/Alu_1213291 co-transcripted with Dnali1 gene. Our findings first reveal the regulatory function of transposons in photoperiodic spermatogenesis, providing insights into the role of photoperiod in seasonal reproduction in wild animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Fanglei Gong
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Kang Lou
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Lewen Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Western Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science, Changji 831100, China
| | - Jingou Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Hong Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; Centre for Sport Nutrition and Health, School of Physical Education (Main Campus), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Dawei Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Western Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science, Changji 831100, China.
| | - Yuhua Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Zhenlong Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
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Wei J, Xu S, Liu Y, Zhang L, Chen H, Li J, Duan M, Niu Z, Huang M, Zhang D, Zhou X, Xie J. TGF-β2 enhances glycolysis in chondrocytes via TβRI/p-Smad3 signaling pathway. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119788. [PMID: 38879132 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2024.119788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Chondrocytes rely heavily on glycolysis to maintain the metabolic homeostasis and cartilage matrix turnover. Glycolysis in chondrocytes is remodeled by diverse biochemical and biomechanical factors due to the sporty joint microenvironment. Transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2), one of the most abundant TGF-β superfamily members in chondrocytes, has increasingly attracted attention in cartilage physiology and pathology. Although previous studies have emphasized the importance of TGF-β superfamily members on cell metabolism, whether and how TGF-β2 modulates glycolysis in chondrocytes remains elusive. In the current study, we investigated the effects of TGF-β2 on glycolysis in chondrocytes and explored the underlying biomechanisms. The results showed that TGF-β2 could enhance glycolysis in chondrocytes by increasing glucose consumption, up-regulating liver-type ATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase (Pfkl) expression, and boosting lactate production. The TGF-β2 signal entered chondrocytes via TGF-β receptor type I (TβRI), and activated p-Smad3 signaling to regulate the glycolytic pathway. Subsequent experiments employing specific inhibitors of TβRI and p-Smad3 further substantiated the role of TGF-β2 in enhancement of glycolysis via TβRI/p-Smad3 axis in chondrocytes. The results provide new understanding of the metabolic homeostasis in chondrocytes induced by TGF-β superfamily and might shed light on the prevention and treatment of related osteoarticular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieya Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Siqun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Hao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiazhou Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Mengmeng Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhixing Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Minglei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Demao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jing Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
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6
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Olagunju TA, Rosen BD, Neibergs HL, Becker GM, Davenport KM, Elsik CG, Hadfield TS, Koren S, Kuhn KL, Rhie A, Shira KA, Skibiel AL, Stegemiller MR, Thorne JW, Villamediana P, Cockett NE, Murdoch BM, Smith TPL. Telomere-to-telomere assemblies of cattle and sheep Y-chromosomes uncover divergent structure and gene content. Nat Commun 2024; 15:8277. [PMID: 39333471 PMCID: PMC11436988 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52384-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Reference genomes of cattle and sheep have lacked contiguous assemblies of the sex-determining Y chromosome. Here, we assemble complete and gapless telomere to telomere (T2T) Y chromosomes for these species. We find that the pseudo-autosomal regions are similar in length, but the total chromosome size is substantially different, with the cattle Y more than twice the length of the sheep Y. The length disparity is accounted for by expanded ampliconic region in cattle. The genic amplification in cattle contrasts with pseudogenization in sheep suggesting opposite evolutionary mechanisms since their divergence 19MYA. The centromeres also differ dramatically despite the close relationship between these species at the overall genome sequence level. These Y chromosomes have been added to the current reference assemblies in GenBank opening new opportunities for the study of evolution and variation while supporting efforts to improve sustainability in these important livestock species that generally use sire-driven genetic improvement strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Temitayo A Olagunju
- Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences (AVFS), University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - Benjamin D Rosen
- Animal Genomics and Improvement Laboratory (AGIL), ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Holly L Neibergs
- Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Gabrielle M Becker
- Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences (AVFS), University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | | | - Christine G Elsik
- Divisions of Animal Sciences and Plant Science & Technology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Tracy S Hadfield
- Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences (ADVS), Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Sergey Koren
- Genome Informatics Section, Center for Genomics and Data Science Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kristen L Kuhn
- U.S. Meat Animal Research Center (USMARC), ARS, USDA, Clay Center, NE, USA
| | - Arang Rhie
- Genome Informatics Section, Center for Genomics and Data Science Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Katie A Shira
- Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences (AVFS), University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - Amy L Skibiel
- Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences (AVFS), University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - Morgan R Stegemiller
- Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences (AVFS), University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | | | - Patricia Villamediana
- Department of Dairy and Food Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| | - Noelle E Cockett
- Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences (ADVS), Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Brenda M Murdoch
- Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences (AVFS), University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA.
| | - Timothy P L Smith
- U.S. Meat Animal Research Center (USMARC), ARS, USDA, Clay Center, NE, USA.
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7
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Guo P, Mao L, Chen Y, Lee CN, Cardilla A, Li M, Bartosovic M, Deng Y. Multiplexed spatial mapping of chromatin features, transcriptome, and proteins in tissues. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.09.13.612892. [PMID: 39345645 PMCID: PMC11429933 DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.13.612892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
The phenotypic and functional states of a cell are modulated by a complex interactive molecular hierarchy of multiple omics layers, involving the genome, epigenome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome. Spatial omics approaches have enabled the capture of information from different molecular layers directly in the tissue context. However, current technologies are limited to map one to two modalities at the same time, providing an incomplete representation of cellular identity. Such data is inadequate to fully understand complex biological systems and their underlying regulatory mechanisms. Here we present spatial-Mux-seq, a multi-modal spatial technology that allows simultaneous profiling of five different modalities, including genome-wide profiles of two histone modifications and open chromatin, whole transcriptome, and a panel of proteins at tissue scale and cellular level in a spatially resolved manner. We applied this technology to generate multi-modal tissue maps in mouse embryos and mouse brains, which discriminated more cell types and states than unimodal data. We investigated the spatiotemporal relationship between histone modifications, chromatin accessibility, gene and protein expression in neuron differentiation revealing the relationship between tissue organization, function, and gene regulatory networks. We were able to identify a radial glia spatial niche and revealed spatially changing gradient of epigenetic signals in this region. Moreover, we revealed previously unappreciated involvement of repressive histone marks in the mouse hippocampus. Collectively, the spatial multi-omics approach heralds a new era for characterizing tissue and cellular heterogeneity that single modality studies alone could not reveal.
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8
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Singh V, Schimenti JC. Relevance, strategies, and added value of mouse models in androgenetics. Andrology 2024. [PMID: 39300831 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Male Infertility is a prevalent condition worldwide, and a substantial fraction of cases are thought to have a genetic basis. Investigations into the responsible genes is limited experimentally, so mice have been used extensively to identify genes required for fertility and to understand their functions. OBJECTIVES To review the progress made in reproductive genetics based on experiments in mice, the impact upon clinical fertility genetics, and discuss how evolving technologies will continue to advance our understanding of human infertility genes. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Gene knockout studies in mice have shown that several hundreds of genes are required for normal fertility and that this number is much higher in males than in females. In addition to gene discovery, the mouse is a powerful platform for functionally dissecting genetic pathways, modeling putative human infertility variants, identifying contraceptive targets, and developing in vitro gametogenesis. CONCLUSION These ongoing studies in mice have made an enormous contribution to our understanding of the genetics of human reproduction in the sense that the "parts list" of genes for mammalian gametogenesis is being elucidated. This would have been impossible to do in humans, and in vitro systems are not yet adequate to associate genes with andrological phenotypes, especially in the germline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vertika Singh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - John C Schimenti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
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9
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Mousseau G, Préault N, Souquere S, Bireau C, Cassonnet P, Bacquin A, Beck L, Pierron G, Jacob Y, Dupressoir A, Heidmann T. Sodium-dependent phosphate transporter PiT1/SLC20A1 as the receptor for the endogenous retroviral envelope syncytin-B involved in mouse placenta formation. J Virol 2024:e0091524. [PMID: 39287391 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00915-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Syncytins are envelope genes of retroviral origin that play a critical role in the formation of a syncytial structure at the fetomaternal interface via their fusogenic activity. The mouse placenta is unique among placental mammals since the fetomaternal interface comprises two syncytiotrophoblast layers (ST-I and ST-II) instead of one observed in all other hemochorial placentae. Each layer specifically expresses a distinct mouse syncytin, namely syncytin-A (SynA) for ST-I and syncytin-B (SynB) for ST-II, which have been shown to be essential to placentogenesis and embryonic development. The cellular receptor for SynA has been identified as the membrane protein LY6E and is not the receptor for SynB. Here, by combining a cell-cell fusion assay with the screening of a human ORFeome-derived expression library, we identified the transmembrane multipass sodium-dependent phosphate transporter 1 PiT1/SLC20A1 as the receptor for SynB. Transfection of cells with the cloned receptor, but not the closely related PiT2/SLC20A2, leads to their fusion with cells expressing SynB, with no cross-reactive fusion activity with SynA. The interaction between the two partners was further demonstrated by immunoprecipitation. PiT1/PiT2 chimera and truncation experiments identified the PiT1 N-terminus as the major determinant for SynB-mediated fusion. RT-qPCR analysis of PiT1 expression on a panel of mouse adult and fetal tissues revealed a concomitant increase of PiT1 and SynB specifically in the developing placenta. Finally, electron microscopy analysis of the placenta of PiT1 null embryo before they die (E11.5) disclosed default of ST-II formation with lack of syncytialization, as previously observed in cognate SynB null placenta, and consistent with the present identification of PiT1 as the SynB partner.IMPORTANCESyncytins are envelope genes of endogenous retroviruses, coopted for a physiological function in placentation. They are fusogenic proteins that mediate cell-cell fusion by interacting with receptors present on the partner cells. Here, by devising an in vitro fusion assay that enables the screening of an ORFeome-derived expression library, we identified the long-sought receptor for syncytin-B (SynB), a mouse syncytin responsible for syncytiotrophoblast formation at the fetomaternal interface of the mouse placenta. This protein - PiT1/SLC20A1 - is a multipass transmembrane protein, also known as the receptor for a series of infectious retroviruses. Its profile of expression is consistent with a role in both ancestral endogenization of a SynB founder retrovirus and present-day mouse placenta formation, with evidence-in PiT1 knockout mice-of unfused cells at the level of the cognate placental syncytiotrophoblast layer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Noémie Préault
- Unité Physiologie et Pathologie Moléculaires des Rétrovirus Endogènes et Infectieux, CNRS UMR 9196, Institut Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Sylvie Souquere
- AMMICA UMS-3655, Institut Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Caroline Bireau
- Unité Physiologie et Pathologie Moléculaires des Rétrovirus Endogènes et Infectieux, CNRS UMR 9196, Institut Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Patricia Cassonnet
- Unité de Génétique Moléculaire des Virus à ARN, Département Virologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- UMR3569, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Laurent Beck
- Nantes Université, CNRS, Inserm, l'Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France
| | - Gérard Pierron
- Unité Physiologie et Pathologie Moléculaires des Rétrovirus Endogènes et Infectieux, CNRS UMR 9196, Institut Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Yves Jacob
- Unité de Génétique Moléculaire des Virus à ARN, Département Virologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- UMR3569, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology (CCSB), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI), Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anne Dupressoir
- Unité Physiologie et Pathologie Moléculaires des Rétrovirus Endogènes et Infectieux, CNRS UMR 9196, Institut Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Thierry Heidmann
- Viroxis, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Unité Physiologie et Pathologie Moléculaires des Rétrovirus Endogènes et Infectieux, CNRS UMR 9196, Institut Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
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10
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Chen Y, Guo C, Han Y, Hao S, Song J. ABNet: AI-Empowered Abnormal Action Recognition Method for Laboratory Mouse Behavior. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:930. [PMID: 39329672 PMCID: PMC11429498 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11090930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2024] [Revised: 09/01/2024] [Accepted: 09/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The automatic recognition and quantitative analysis of abnormal behavior in mice play a crucial role in behavioral observation experiments in neuroscience, pharmacology, and toxicology. Due to the challenging definition of abnormal behavior and difficulty in collecting training samples, directly applying behavior recognition methods to identify abnormal behavior is often infeasible. This paper proposes ABNet, an AI-empowered abnormal action recognition approach for mice. ABNet utilizes an enhanced Spatio-Temporal Graph Convolutional Network (ST-GCN) as an encoder; ST-GCN combines graph convolution and temporal convolution to efficiently capture and analyze spatio-temporal dynamic features in graph-structured data, making it suitable for complex tasks such as action recognition and traffic prediction. ABNet trains the encoding network with normal behavior samples, then employs unsupervised clustering to identify abnormal behavior in mice. Compared to the original ST-GCN network, the method significantly enhances the capabilities of feature extraction and encoding. We conduct comprehensive experiments on the Kinetics-Skeleton dataset and the mouse behavior dataset to evaluate and validate the performance of ABNet in behavior recognition and abnormal motion detection. In the behavior recognition experiments conducted on the Kinetics-Skeleton dataset, ABNet achieves an accuracy of 32.7% for the top one and 55.2% for the top five. Moreover, in the abnormal behavior analysis experiments conducted on the mouse behavior dataset, ABNet achieves an average accuracy of 83.1%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Chen
- Software College, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China; (Y.C.); (C.G.)
| | - Chaopeng Guo
- Software College, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China; (Y.C.); (C.G.)
| | - Yue Han
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China;
| | - Shuang Hao
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China;
| | - Jie Song
- Software College, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China; (Y.C.); (C.G.)
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11
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Cheng L, Zhang Y, Lv M, Huang W, Zhang K, Guan Z, Feng X, Yang Y, Gao Y, Liu X. Impaired learning and memory in male mice induced by sodium arsenite was associated with MMP-2/MMP-9-mediated blood-brain barrier disruption and neuronal apoptosis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 285:117016. [PMID: 39288732 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 09/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Arsenic is a widespread environmental contaminant known to accumulate in the brain, leading to cognitive impairment. However, the exact mechanisms by which arsenic causes cognitive deficits remain unclear. The present study aims to discover whether the destruction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) mediated by matrix metalloproteinases 2 and matrix metalloproteinases 9 (MMP-2 and MMP-9) and subsequent neuronal apoptosis are involved in arsenic-induced cognitive impairment. Ninety male mice were given 0, 25, and 50 mg/L NaAsO2 in drinking water and 30 mg/kg doxycycline hyclate (DOX, an inhibitor of MMPs) gavage for 12 weeks to observe the alterations in learning and memory of mice, the morphology of hippocampal neurons, as well as the BBB permeability and ultrastructure, the localization and expression of tight junction proteins, MMP-2, and MMP-9. Our findings indicated that arsenic exposure induced learning and memory impairment in mice, accompanied by neuronal loss and apoptosis. Furthermore, arsenic exposure increased hematogenous IgG leakage into the brain, disrupted the tight junctions, reduced the expression of Claudin5, Occludin, and ZO1 in the endothelial cells, and increased the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the endothelial cells and astrocytes. Finally, DOX intervention preserved BBB integrity, alleviated hippocampal neuronal apoptosis, and improved cognitive impairment in mice caused by arsenic exposure. Our research demonstrates that cognitive disfunction in mice induced by arsenic exposure is associated with MMP-2 and MMP-9-mediated BBB destruction and neuronal apoptosis. The current investigation provides new insights into mechanisms of arsenic neurotoxicity and suggests that MMP-2 and MMP-9 may serve as potential therapeutic targets for treating arsenic-induced cognitive dysfunction in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Cheng
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, China University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yuhang Zhang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, China University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Man Lv
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, China University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, China University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Kunyu Zhang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, China University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Ziqiao Guan
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, China University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xirui Feng
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, China University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yanmei Yang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, China University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yanhui Gao
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, China University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xiaona Liu
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, China University, Harbin 150001, China.
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12
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Peng Y, Zhu J, Zhang Q, Zhang R, Wang Z, Ye Z, Ma N, Qin D, Pei D, Li D. Endogenous retroviral ERVH48-1 promotes human urine cell reprogramming. CELL REGENERATION (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 13:17. [PMID: 39269631 PMCID: PMC11399365 DOI: 10.1186/s13619-024-00200-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs), once thought to be mere remnants of ancient viral integrations in the mammalian genome, are now recognized for their critical roles in various physiological processes, including embryonic development, innate immunity, and tumorigenesis. Their impact on host organisms is significant driver of evolutionary changes, offering insight into evolutionary mechanisms. In our study, we explored the functionality of ERVs by examining single-cell transcriptomic profiles from human embryonic stem cells and urine cells. This led to the discovery of a unique ERVH48-1 expression pattern between these cell types. Additionally, somatic cell reprogramming efficacy was enhanced when ERVH48-1 was overexpressed in a urine cell-reprogramming system. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) generated with ERVH48-1 overexpression recapitulated the traits of those produced by traditional reprogramming approaches, and the resulting iPSCs demonstrated the capability to differentiate into all three germ layers in vitro. Our research elucidated the role of ERVs in somatic cell reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Peng
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510799, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Jieying Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Guangzhou, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510530, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510799, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Zhenhua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510799, China
| | - Zesen Ye
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Ma
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dajiang Qin
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510799, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510005, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Guangzhou, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510530, China
- GuangDong Engineering Technology Research Center of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Early Clinical Trials of Biotechnology Drugs, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Duanqing Pei
- Laboratory of Cell Fate Control, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Dongwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510799, China.
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13
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Lloyd KCK. Commentary: The International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium: high-throughput in vivo functional annotation of the mammalian genome. Mamm Genome 2024:10.1007/s00335-024-10068-x. [PMID: 39254744 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-024-10068-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
The International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium (IMPC) is a worldwide effort producing and phenotyping knockout mouse lines to expose the pathophysiological roles of all genes in human diseases and make mice and data available and accessible to the global research community. It has created new knowledge on the function of thousands of genes for which little to anything was known. This new knowledge has informed the genetic basis of rare diseases, posited gene product influences on common diseases, influenced research on targeted therapies, revealed functional pleiotropy, essentiality, and sexual dimorphism, and many more insights into the role of genes in health and disease. Its scientific contributions have been many and widespread, however there remain thousands of "dark" genes yet to be illuminated. Nearing the end of its current funding cycle, IMPC is at a crossroads. The vision forward is clear, the path to proceed less so.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Kent Lloyd
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA.
- Mouse Biology Program, University of California, Davis, California, USA.
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14
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Kader L, Willits AB, Meriano S, Christianson JA, La JH, Feng B, Knight B, Kosova G, Deberry JJ, Coates MD, Hyams JS, Baumbauer KM, Young EE. Identification of Arginine-Vasopressin Receptor 1a (Avpr1a/Avpr1a) as a Novel Candidate Gene for Chronic Visceral Pain Sheds Light on the Potential Role of Enteric Neurons in the Development of Visceral Hypersensitivity. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2024; 25:104572. [PMID: 38768798 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2024.104572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Chronic abdominal pain in the absence of ongoing disease is the hallmark of disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBIs), including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). While the etiology of DGBIs remains poorly understood, there is evidence that both genetic and environmental factors play a role. In this study, we report the identification and validation of arginine-vasopressin receptor 1A (Avpr1a) as a novel candidate gene for visceral hypersensitivity (VH), a primary peripheral mechanism underlying abdominal pain in DGBI/IBS. Comparing 2 C57BL/6 (BL/6) substrains (C57BL/6NTac and C57BL/6J) revealed differential susceptibility to the development of chronic VH following intrarectal zymosan instillation, a validated preclinical model for postinflammatory IBS. Using whole-genome sequencing, we identified a single-nucleotide polymorphism differentiating the 2 strains in the 5' intergenic region upstream of Avpr1a, encoding the protein Avpr1a. We used behavioral, histological, and molecular approaches to identify distal colon-specific gene expression and neuronal hyperresponsiveness covarying with Avpr1a genotype and VH susceptibility. While the 2 BL/6 substrains did not differ across other gastrointestinal phenotypes (eg, fecal water retention), VH-susceptible BL/6NTac mice had higher colonic Avpr1a mRNA and protein expression. These results parallel findings that patients' colonic Avpr1a mRNA expression corresponded to higher pain ratings. Moreover, neurons of the enteric nervous system were hyperresponsive to the Avpr1a agonist arginine-vasopressin, suggesting a role for enteric neurons in the pathology underlying VH. Taken together, these findings implicate differential regulation of Avpr1a as a novel mechanism of VH susceptibility as well as a potential therapeutic target specific to VH. PERSPECTIVE: This article presents evidence of Avpr1a as a novel candidate gene for VH in a mouse model of IBS. Avpr1a genotype and/or tissue-specific expression represents a potential biomarker for chronic abdominal pain susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena Kader
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain, and Perioperative Medicine, KU Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; Neuroscience Graduate Program, KU Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Adam B Willits
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain, and Perioperative Medicine, KU Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; Neuroscience Graduate Program, KU Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Sebastian Meriano
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain, and Perioperative Medicine, KU Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, KU Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Julie A Christianson
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, KU Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Jun-Ho La
- Department of Neurobiology, University of University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Bin Feng
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | - Brittany Knight
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Gulum Kosova
- Division of Statistical Genetics,TenSixteen Bio, Suffolk, Massachusetts
| | - Jennifer J Deberry
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Matthew D Coates
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Jeffrey S Hyams
- Department of Gastroenterology, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, Connecticut
| | - Kyle M Baumbauer
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain, and Perioperative Medicine, KU Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, KU Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Erin E Young
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain, and Perioperative Medicine, KU Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; Neuroscience Graduate Program, KU Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, KU Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas.
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15
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Wang J, Zhou X, Han T, Zhang H. Epigenetic signatures of trophoblast lineage and their biological functions. Cells Dev 2024; 179:203934. [PMID: 38942294 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdev.2024.203934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Trophoblasts play a crucial role in embryo implantation and in interacting with the maternal uterus. The trophoblast lineage develops into a substantial part of the placenta, a temporary extra-embryonic organ, capable of undergoing distinctive epigenetic events during development. The critical role of trophoblast-specific epigenetic signatures in regulating placental development has become known, significantly advancing our understanding of trophoblast identity and lineage development. Scientific efforts are revealing how trophoblast-specific epigenetic signatures mediate stage-specific gene regulatory programming during the development of the trophoblast lineage. These epigenetic signatures have a significant impact on blastocyst formation, placental development, as well as the growth and survival of embryos and fetuses. In evolution, DNA hypomethylation in the trophoblast lineage is conserved, and there is a significant disparity in the control of epigenetic dynamics and the landscape of genomic imprinting. Scientists have used murine and human multipotent trophoblast cells as in vitro models to recapitulate the essential epigenetic processes of placental development. Here, we review the epigenetic signatures of the trophoblast lineage and their biological functions to enhance our understanding of placental evolution, development, and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqi Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Reproductive Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Tingli Han
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, China; The Center for Reproductive Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
| | - Hua Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, China.
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16
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Du AY, Chobirko JD, Zhuo X, Feschotte C, Wang T. Regulatory transposable elements in the encyclopedia of DNA elements. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7594. [PMID: 39217141 PMCID: PMC11366022 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51921-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Transposable elements (TEs) comprise ~50% of our genome, but knowledge of how TEs affect genome evolution remains incomplete. Leveraging ENCODE4 data, we provide the most comprehensive study to date of TE contributions to the regulatory genome. We find 236,181 (~25%) human candidate cis-regulatory elements (cCREs) are TE-derived, with over 90% lineage-specific since the human-mouse split, accounting for 8-36% of lineage-specific cCREs. Except for SINEs, cCRE-associated transcription factor (TF) motifs in TEs are derived from ancestral TE sequence more than expected by chance. We show that TEs may adopt similar regulatory activities of elements near their integration site. Since human-mouse divergence, TEs have contributed 3-56% of TF binding site turnover events across 30 examined TFs. Finally, TE-derived cCREs are similar to non-TE cCREs in terms of MPRA activity and GWAS variant enrichment. Overall, our results substantiate the notion that TEs have played an important role in shaping the human regulatory genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Y Du
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jason D Chobirko
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Zhuo
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Cédric Feschotte
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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17
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Arroyo M, Casas-Delucchi CS, Pabba MK, Prorok P, Pradhan SK, Rausch C, Lehmkuhl A, Maiser A, Buschbeck M, Pasque V, Bernstein E, Luck K, Cardoso MC. Histone variant macroH2A1 regulates synchronous firing of replication origins in the inactive X chromosome. Nucleic Acids Res 2024:gkae734. [PMID: 39189450 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
MacroH2A has been linked to transcriptional silencing, cell identity, and is a hallmark of the inactive X chromosome (Xi). However, it remains unclear whether macroH2A plays a role in DNA replication. Using knockdown/knockout cells for each macroH2A isoform, we show that macroH2A-containing nucleosomes slow down replication progression rate in the Xi reflecting the higher nucleosome stability. Moreover, macroH2A1, but not macroH2A2, regulates the number of nano replication foci in the Xi, and macroH2A1 downregulation increases DNA loop sizes corresponding to replicons. This relates to macroH2A1 regulating replicative helicase loading during G1 by interacting with it. We mapped this interaction to a phenylalanine in macroH2A1 that is not conserved in macroH2A2 and the C-terminus of Mcm3 helicase subunit. We propose that macroH2A1 enhances the licensing of pre-replication complexes via DNA helicase interaction and loading onto the Xi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Arroyo
- Cell Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Corella S Casas-Delucchi
- Cell Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Maruthi K Pabba
- Cell Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Paulina Prorok
- Cell Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Sunil K Pradhan
- Cell Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Cathia Rausch
- Cell Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Anne Lehmkuhl
- Cell Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Andreas Maiser
- Faculty of Biology and Center for Molecular Biosystems (BioSysM), Human Biology and BioImaging, LMU Munich, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Marcus Buschbeck
- Program of Myeloid Neoplasms, Program of Applied Epigenetics, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vincent Pasque
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Leuven Stem Cell Institute, Leuven Institute for Single-Cell Omics (LISCO), KU Leuven-University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Emily Bernstein
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Tisch Cancer Institute, NY, NY 10029, USA
| | - Katja Luck
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB) gGmbH, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - M Cristina Cardoso
- Cell Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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Chen M, Wen J, Qiu Y, Gao X, Zhang J, Lin Y, Wu Z, Lin X, Zhu A. Combining Multiple Omics with Molecular Dynamics Reveals SCP2-Mediated Cytotoxicity Effects of Aflatoxin B1 in SW480 Cells. Toxins (Basel) 2024; 16:375. [PMID: 39330833 PMCID: PMC11435460 DOI: 10.3390/toxins16090375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxins belong to a class of mycotoxins, among which aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) has detrimental effects on the health of both animals and humans. It is associated with long-term exposure-induced carcinogenicity, hepatotoxicity, renal toxicity, neurotoxicity, and immunosuppressive properties, resulting in a variety of diseases. The intestine is the first barrier for human exposure to AFB1, but limited investigations have been conducted to clarify the underlying mechanisms of intestinal cytotoxicity. The mechanism of AFB1-induced cytotoxicity was investigated in this study using an integrated approach combining transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome analysis along with molecular dynamics simulation. After exposing SW480 cells to 50 μM AFB1 for 72 h, the transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome exhibited significant enrichment in pathways associated with oxidative stress, fatty acid and lipid metabolism, and glutathione metabolism. The experimental results demonstrated that AFB1 significantly reduces SW480 cells viability, and induces oxidative stress, calcium overload, mitochondrial damage, and lipid metabolism disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Chen
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Jiaxin Wen
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Yiyan Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350108, China
- Jimei District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xiamen 361022, China
| | - Xinyue Gao
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350108, China
- School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Yifan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Zekai Wu
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Xiaohuang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - An Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350108, China
- School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China
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19
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Xu M, Fang M, Chen Q, Xiao W, Xu Z, Cai B, Zhao Z, Wang T, Zhu Z, Chen Y, Zhu Y, Dai M, Jiang T, Li X, Chun S, Zhou R, Li Y, Gou Y, He J, Luo L, You L, Jiang X. GMMID: genetically modified mice information database. Database (Oxford) 2024; 2024:baae078. [PMID: 39163546 PMCID: PMC11334936 DOI: 10.1093/database/baae078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) are vital for elucidating gene function and disease mechanisms. An overwhelming number of GEMM lines have been generated, but endeavors to collect and organize the information of these GEMMs are seriously lagging behind. Only a few databases are developed for the information of current GEMMs, and these databases lack biological descriptions of allele compositions, which poses a challenge for nonexperts in mouse genetics to interpret the genetic information of these mice. Moreover, these databases usually do not provide information on human diseases related to the GEMM, which hinders the dissemination of the insights the GEMM provides as a human disease model. To address these issues, we developed an algorithm to annotate all the allele compositions that have been reported with Python programming and have developed the genetically modified mice information database (GMMID; http://www.gmmid.cn), a user-friendly database that integrates information on GEMMs and related diseases from various databases, including National Center for Biotechnology Information, Mouse Genome Informatics, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium, and Jax lab. GMMID provides comprehensive genetic information on >70 055 alleles, 65 520 allele compositions, and ∼4000 diseases, along with biologically meaningful descriptions of alleles and allele combinations. Furthermore, it provides spatiotemporal visualization of anatomical tissues mentioned in these descriptions, shown alongside the allele compositions. Compared to existing mouse databases, GMMID considers the needs of researchers across different disciplines and presents obscure genetic information in an intuitive and easy-to-understand format. It facilitates users in obtaining complete genetic information more efficiently, making it an essential resource for cross-disciplinary researchers. Database URL: http://www.gmmid.cn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglin Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systems Medicine in Inflammatory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, 66#, Gongchang Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Minghui Fang
- School of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, 66#, Gongchang Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), Sun Yat-Sen University, 66#, Gongchang Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Qiyang Chen
- School of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, 66#, Gongchang Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), Sun Yat-Sen University, 66#, Gongchang Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Wenjun Xiao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systems Medicine in Inflammatory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, 66#, Gongchang Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Zhixuan Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systems Medicine in Inflammatory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, 66#, Gongchang Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Bao Cai
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systems Medicine in Inflammatory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, 66#, Gongchang Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Zhenyang Zhao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systems Medicine in Inflammatory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, 66#, Gongchang Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Guangdong GemPharmatech Co,Ltd, No 6, Qianjin West Rd. Shishan Town Nanhai District, Foshan, Guangdong 528225, China
| | - Zhu Zhu
- Guangdong GemPharmatech Co,Ltd, No 6, Qianjin West Rd. Shishan Town Nanhai District, Foshan, Guangdong 528225, China
| | - Yingshan Chen
- Guangdong GemPharmatech Co,Ltd, No 6, Qianjin West Rd. Shishan Town Nanhai District, Foshan, Guangdong 528225, China
| | - Yue Zhu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systems Medicine in Inflammatory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, 66#, Gongchang Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Mingzhou Dai
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systems Medicine in Inflammatory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, 66#, Gongchang Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Tiancheng Jiang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systems Medicine in Inflammatory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, 66#, Gongchang Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Xinyi Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systems Medicine in Inflammatory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, 66#, Gongchang Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Siuwing Chun
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systems Medicine in Inflammatory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, 66#, Gongchang Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Runhua Zhou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systems Medicine in Inflammatory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, 66#, Gongchang Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Yafei Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systems Medicine in Inflammatory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, 66#, Gongchang Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Yueyue Gou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systems Medicine in Inflammatory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, 66#, Gongchang Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Jingjing He
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systems Medicine in Inflammatory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, 66#, Gongchang Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Lin Luo
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systems Medicine in Inflammatory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, 66#, Gongchang Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Linlin You
- School of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, 66#, Gongchang Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), Sun Yat-Sen University, 66#, Gongchang Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Xuan Jiang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systems Medicine in Inflammatory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, 66#, Gongchang Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
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20
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Jarosz AS, Halo JV. Transcription of Endogenous Retroviruses: Broad and Precise Mechanisms of Control. Viruses 2024; 16:1312. [PMID: 39205286 PMCID: PMC11359688 DOI: 10.3390/v16081312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are the remnants of retroviral germline infections and are highly abundant in the genomes of vertebrates. At one time considered to be nothing more than inert 'junk' within genomes, ERVs have been tolerated within host genomes over vast timescales, and their study continues to reveal complex co-evolutionary histories within their respective host species. For example, multiple instances have been characterized of ERVs having been 'borrowed' for normal physiology, from single copies to ones involved in various regulatory networks such as innate immunity and during early development. Within the cell, the accessibility of ERVs is normally tightly controlled by epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation or histone modifications. However, these silencing mechanisms of ERVs are reversible, and epigenetic alterations to the chromatin landscape can thus lead to their aberrant expression, as is observed in abnormal cellular environments such as in tumors. In this review, we focus on ERV transcriptional control and draw parallels and distinctions concerning the loss of regulation in disease, as well as their precise regulation in early development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail S. Jarosz
- Science and Mathematics Division, Lorrain County Community College, Lorrain, OH 44035, USA;
| | - Julia V. Halo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH 43403, USA
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21
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Yan B, Gong B, Zheng Y, Sun L, Wu X. Embryonic Lethal Phenotyping to Identify Candidate Genes Related with Birth Defects. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8788. [PMID: 39201474 PMCID: PMC11354474 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Congenital birth defects contribute significantly to preterm birth, stillbirth, perinatal death, infant mortality, and adult disability. As a first step to exploring the mechanisms underlying this major clinical challenge, we analyzed the embryonic phenotypes of lethal strains generated by random mutagenesis. In this study, we report the gross embryonic and perinatal phenotypes of 55 lethal strains randomly picked from a collection of mutants that carry piggyBac (PB) transposon inserts. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses suggested most of the analyzed mutations hit genes involved in heart and nervous development, or in Notch and Wnt signaling. Among them, 12 loci are known to be associated with human diseases. We confirmed 53 strains as embryonic or perinatal lethal, while others were subviable. Gross morphological phenotypes such as body size abnormality (29/55, 52.73%), growth or developmental delay (35/55, 63.64%), brain defects (9/55, 16.36%), vascular/heart development (31/55, 56.36%), and other structural defects (9/55, 16.36%) could be easily observed in the mutants, while three strains showed phenotypes similar to those of human patients. Furthermore, we detected body weight or body composition alterations in the heterozygotes of eight strains. One of them was the TGF-β signaling gene Smad2. The heterozygotes showed increased energy expenditure and a lower fat-to-body weight ratio compared to wild-type mice. This study provided new insights into mammalian embryonic development and will help understand the pathology of congenital birth defects in humans. In addition, it expanded our understanding of the etiology of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and National Center for International Research of Development and Disease, Institute of Developmental Biology and Molecular Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200441, China; (B.Y.); (B.G.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xiaohui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and National Center for International Research of Development and Disease, Institute of Developmental Biology and Molecular Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200441, China; (B.Y.); (B.G.); (Y.Z.)
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22
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Pramono D, Muto Y, Shimazu Y, Deshapriya RMC, Makundi I, Arnal M, de Luco DF, Ngo MH, Miyake A, Nishigaki K. Endogenous retrovirus ERV-DC8 highly integrated in domestic cat populations is a replication-competent provirus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 738:150521. [PMID: 39153451 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are remnants of ancient retroviral infections in vertebrate genomes and are inherited by offspring. ERVs can produce pathogenic viruses through gene mutations or recombination. ERVs in domestic cats (ERV-DCs) generate feline leukemia virus subgroup D (FeLV-D) through viral recombination. Herein, we characterized the locus ERV-DC8, on chromosome B1, as an infectious replication-competent provirus. ERV-DC8 infected several cell lines, including human cells. Transmission electron microscopy of ERV-DC8 identified the viral release as a Gammaretrovirus. ERV-DC8 was identified as the FeLV-D viral interference group, with feline copper transporter 1 as its viral receptor. Insertional polymorphism analysis showed high ERV-DC8 integration in domestic cats. This study highlights the role, pathogenicity, and evolutionary relationships between ERVs and their hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didik Pramono
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan; Research Institute for Cell Design Medical Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan
| | - Yutaro Muto
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan
| | - Yo Shimazu
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan
| | - R M C Deshapriya
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - Isaac Makundi
- Department of Microbiology, Parasitology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3019, Morogoro, 67125, Tanzania
| | - MaríaCruz Arnal
- Departamento de Patología Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, C/ Miguel Servet, 177 50013, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Daniel Fernández de Luco
- Departamento de Patología Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, C/ Miguel Servet, 177 50013, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Minh Ha Ngo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Ariko Miyake
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan; Research Institute for Cell Design Medical Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan
| | - Kazuo Nishigaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan; Research Institute for Cell Design Medical Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan.
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23
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Kim S, Koppitch K, Parvez RK, Guo J, Achieng M, Schnell J, Lindström NO, McMahon AP. Comparative single-cell analyses identify shared and divergent features of human and mouse kidney development. Dev Cell 2024:S1534-5807(24)00450-7. [PMID: 39121855 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
The mammalian kidney maintains fluid homeostasis through diverse epithelial cell types generated from nephron and ureteric progenitor cells. To extend a developmental understanding of the kidney's epithelial networks, we compared chromatin organization (single-nuclear assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing [ATAC-seq]; 112,864 nuclei) and gene expression (single-cell/nuclear RNA sequencing [RNA-seq]; 109,477 cells/nuclei) in the developing human (10.6-17.6 weeks; n = 10) and mouse (post-natal day [P]0; n = 10) kidney, supplementing analysis with published mouse datasets from earlier stages. Single-cell/nuclear datasets were analyzed at a species level, and then nephron and ureteric cellular lineages were extracted and integrated into a common, cross-species, multimodal dataset. Comparative computational analyses identified conserved and divergent features of chromatin organization and linked gene activity, identifying species-specific and cell-type-specific regulatory programs. In situ validation of human-enriched gene activity points to human-specific signaling interactions in kidney development. Further, human-specific enhancer regions were linked to kidney diseases through genome-wide association studies (GWASs), highlighting the potential for clinical insight from developmental modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunghyun Kim
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Kari Koppitch
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Riana K Parvez
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Jinjin Guo
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - MaryAnne Achieng
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Jack Schnell
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Nils O Lindström
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Andrew P McMahon
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
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24
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Khudaverdyan N, Lu J, Chen X, Herle G, Song J. The structure of DNA methyltransferase DNMT3C reveals an activity-tuning mechanism for DNA methylation. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107633. [PMID: 39098534 PMCID: PMC11401227 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is one of the major epigenetic mechanisms crucial for gene regulation and genome stability. De novo DNA methyltransferase DNMT3C is required for silencing evolutionarily young transposons during mice spermatogenesis. Mutation of DNMT3C led to a sterility phenotype that cannot be rescued by its homologs DNMT3A and DNMT3B. However, the structural basis of DNMT3C-mediated DNA methylation remains unknown. Here, we report the structure and mechanism of DNMT3C-mediated DNA methylation. The DNMT3C methyltransferase domain recognizes CpG-containing DNA in a manner similar to that of DNMT3A and DNMT3B, in line with their high sequence similarity. However, two evolutionary covariation sites, C543 and E590, diversify the substrate interaction among DNMT3C, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B, resulting in distinct DNA methylation activity and specificity between DNMT3C, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B in vitro. In addition, our combined structural and biochemical analysis reveals that the disease-causing rahu mutation of DNMT3C compromises its oligomerization and DNA-binding activities, explaining the loss of DNA methylation activity caused by this mutation. This study provides a mechanistic insight into DNMT3C-mediated DNA methylation that complements DNMT3A- and DNMT3B-mediated DNA methylation in mice, unraveling a regulatory mechanism by which evolutionary conservation and diversification fine-tune the activity of de novo DNA methyltransferases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelli Khudaverdyan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Jiuwei Lu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Xinyi Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Genevieve Herle
- Biophysics Program, University of California, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Jikui Song
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, California, USA; Biophysics Program, University of California, Riverside, California, USA.
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25
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Coan M, Haefliger S, Ounzain S, Johnson R. Targeting and engineering long non-coding RNAs for cancer therapy. Nat Rev Genet 2024; 25:578-595. [PMID: 38424237 DOI: 10.1038/s41576-024-00693-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
RNA therapeutics (RNATx) aim to treat diseases, including cancer, by targeting or employing RNA molecules for therapeutic purposes. Amongst the most promising targets are long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which regulate oncogenic molecular networks in a cell type-restricted manner. lncRNAs are distinct from protein-coding genes in important ways that increase their therapeutic potential yet also present hurdles to conventional clinical development. Advances in genome editing, oligonucleotide chemistry, multi-omics and RNA engineering are paving the way for efficient and cost-effective lncRNA-focused drug discovery pipelines. In this Review, we present the emerging field of lncRNA therapeutics for oncology, with emphasis on the unique strengths and challenges of lncRNAs within the broader RNATx framework. We outline the necessary steps for lncRNA therapeutics to deliver effective, durable, tolerable and personalized treatments for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Coan
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Conway Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Simon Haefliger
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Rory Johnson
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
- Conway Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
- FutureNeuro, SFI Research Centre for Chronic and Rare Neurological Diseases, Dublin, Ireland.
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26
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Li Z, Li Z, Zhang Y, Zhou L, Xu Q, Li L, Zeng L, Xue J, Niu H, Zhong J, Yu Q, Li D, Gui M, Huang Y, Tu S, Zhang Z, Song CQ, Wu J, Shen EZ. Mammalian PIWI-piRNA-target complexes reveal features for broad and efficient target silencing. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2024; 31:1222-1231. [PMID: 38658622 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-024-01287-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA) pathway is an adaptive defense system wherein piRNAs guide PIWI family Argonaute proteins to recognize and silence ever-evolving selfish genetic elements and ensure genome integrity. Driven by this intensive host-pathogen arms race, the piRNA pathway and its targeted transposons have coevolved rapidly in a species-specific manner, but how the piRNA pathway adapts specifically to target silencing in mammals remains elusive. Here, we show that mouse MILI and human HILI piRNA-induced silencing complexes (piRISCs) bind and cleave targets more efficiently than their invertebrate counterparts from the sponge Ephydatia fluviatilis. The inherent functional differences comport with structural features identified by cryo-EM studies of piRISCs. In the absence of target, MILI and HILI piRISCs adopt a wider nucleic-acid-binding channel and display an extended prearranged piRNA seed as compared with EfPiwi piRISC, consistent with their ability to capture targets more efficiently than EfPiwi piRISC. In the presence of target, the seed gate-which enforces seed-target fidelity in microRNA RISC-adopts a relaxed state in mammalian piRISC, revealing how MILI and HILI tolerate seed-target mismatches to broaden the target spectrum. A vertebrate-specific lysine distorts the piRNA seed, shifting the trajectory of the piRNA-target duplex out of the central cleft and toward the PAZ lobe. Functional analyses reveal that this lysine promotes target binding and cleavage. Our study therefore provides a molecular basis for the piRNA targeting mechanism in mice and humans, and suggests that mammalian piRNA machinery can achieve broad target silencing using a limited supply of piRNA species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqing Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuqi Zhang
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lunni Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qikui Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lili Li
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Zeng
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Center for Cognitive Machines and Computational Health (CMaCH), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junchao Xue
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huilin Niu
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qilu Yu
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dengfeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
| | - Miao Gui
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongping Huang
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shikui Tu
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Center for Cognitive Machines and Computational Health (CMaCH), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Chun-Qing Song
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China.
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jianping Wu
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - En-Zhi Shen
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China.
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China.
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27
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Florido MHC, Ziats NP. Endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases: The role of human induced pluripotent stem cells and tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:1286-1304. [PMID: 38230548 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains to be the leading cause of death globally today and therefore the need for the development of novel therapies has become increasingly important in the cardiovascular field. The mechanism(s) behind the pathophysiology of CVD have been laboriously investigated in both stem cell and bioengineering laboratories. Scientific breakthroughs have paved the way to better mimic cell types of interest in recent years, with the ability to generate any cell type from reprogrammed human pluripotent stem cells. Mimicking the native extracellular matrix using both organic and inorganic biomaterials has allowed full organs to be recapitulated in vitro. In this paper, we will review techniques from both stem cell biology and bioengineering which have been fruitfully combined and have fueled advances in the cardiovascular disease field. We will provide a brief introduction to CVD, reviewing some of the recent studies as related to the role of endothelial cells and endothelial cell dysfunction. Recent advances and the techniques widely used in both bioengineering and stem cell biology will be discussed, providing a broad overview of the collaboration between these two fields and their overall impact on tissue engineering in the cardiovascular devices and implications for treatment of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary H C Florido
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nicholas P Ziats
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Anatomy, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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28
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Marsh EB, Snyder-Warwick AK, Mackinnon SE, Wood MD. Interpretation of Data from Translational Rodent Nerve Injury and Repair Models. Hand Clin 2024; 40:429-440. [PMID: 38972687 PMCID: PMC11228394 DOI: 10.1016/j.hcl.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
This article highlights the use of rodents as preclinical models to evaluate the management of nerve injuries, describing the pitfalls and value from rodent nerve injury and regeneration outcomes, as well as treatments derived from these rodent models. The anatomic structure, size, and cellular and molecular differences and similarities between rodent and human nerves are summarized. Specific examples of success and failure when assessing outcome metrics are presented for context. Evidence for translation to clinical practice includes the topics of electrical stimulation, Tacrolimus (FK506), and acellular nerve allografts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan B Marsh
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Alison K Snyder-Warwick
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Susan E Mackinnon
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Matthew D Wood
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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29
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Bin Y, Ren J, Zhang H, Zhang T, Liu P, Xin Z, Yang H, Feng Z, Chen Z, Zhang H. Against all odds: The road to success in the development of human immune reconstitution mice. Animal Model Exp Med 2024; 7:460-470. [PMID: 38591343 PMCID: PMC11369039 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The mouse genome has a high degree of homology with the human genome, and its physiological, biochemical, and developmental regulation mechanisms are similar to those of humans; therefore, mice are widely used as experimental animals. However, it is undeniable that interspecies differences between humans and mice can lead to experimental errors. The differences in the immune system have become an important factor limiting current immunological research. The application of immunodeficient mice provides a possible solution to these problems. By transplanting human immune cells or tissues, such as peripheral blood mononuclear cells or hematopoietic stem cells, into immunodeficient mice, a human immune system can be reconstituted in the mouse body, and the engrafted immune cells can elicit human-specific immune responses. Researchers have been actively exploring the development and differentiation conditions of host recipient animals and grafts in order to achieve better immune reconstitution. Through genetic engineering methods, immunodeficient mice can be further modified to provide a favorable developmental and differentiation microenvironment for the grafts. From initially only being able to reconstruct single T lymphocyte lineages, it is now possible to reconstruct lymphoid and myeloid cells, providing important research tools for immunology-related studies. In this review, we compare the differences in immune systems of humans and mice, describe the development history of human immune reconstitution from the perspectives of immunodeficient mice and grafts, and discuss the latest advances in enhancing the efficiency of human immune cell reconstitution, aiming to provide important references for immunological related researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiao Bin
- School of Basic Medical SciencesShaanxi University of Chinese MedicineXianyangChina
- Department of Cell Biology, National Translational Science Center for Molecular MedicineFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major DiseasesFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Jing Ren
- School of Basic Medical SciencesShaanxi University of Chinese MedicineXianyangChina
- Department of Cell Biology, National Translational Science Center for Molecular MedicineFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major DiseasesFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Haowei Zhang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public HealthFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Tianjiao Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, National Translational Science Center for Molecular MedicineFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major DiseasesFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Peijuan Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, National Translational Science Center for Molecular MedicineFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major DiseasesFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Zhiqian Xin
- Department of Cell Biology, National Translational Science Center for Molecular MedicineFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major DiseasesFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Haijiao Yang
- Department of Cell Biology, National Translational Science Center for Molecular MedicineFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major DiseasesFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Zhuan Feng
- Department of Cell Biology, National Translational Science Center for Molecular MedicineFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major DiseasesFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Zhinan Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, National Translational Science Center for Molecular MedicineFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major DiseasesFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Hai Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, National Translational Science Center for Molecular MedicineFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major DiseasesFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
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30
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Zong Y, Liu X, Zhang Y, Zhao J, Shi X, Zhao Z, Sun Y. Recent Progress in Generation of Inner Ear Organoid. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024:e2400223. [PMID: 39051423 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202400223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Inner ear organoids play a crucial role in hearing research. In comparison to other animal models and 2D cell culture systems, inner ear organoids offer significant advantages for studying the mechanisms of inner ear development and exploring novel approaches to disease treatment. Inner ear organoids derived from human cells are more closely resemble normal human organs in development and function. The 3D culture system of the inner ear organoid enhances cell-cell interactions and mimics the internal environment. In this review, the progress and limitations of organoid culture methods derived from tissue-specific progenitors and pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are summarized, which may offer new insights into generating organoids that closely resemble the inner ear in terms of morphology and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Zong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xiaozhou Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yaqi Zhang
- Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, 95053, USA
| | - Jiahui Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xinyu Shi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhengdong Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
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31
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Baltar J, Miranda RM, Cabral M, Rebelo S, Grahammer F, Huber TB, Reguenga C, Monteiro FA. Neph1 is required for neurite branching and is negatively regulated by the PRRXL1 homeodomain factor in the developing spinal cord dorsal horn. Neural Dev 2024; 19:13. [PMID: 39049046 PMCID: PMC11271021 DOI: 10.1186/s13064-024-00190-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The cell-adhesion molecule NEPH1 is required for maintaining the structural integrity and function of the glomerulus in the kidneys. In the nervous system of Drosophila and C. elegans, it is involved in synaptogenesis and axon branching, which are essential for establishing functional circuits. In the mammalian nervous system, the expression regulation and function of Neph1 has barely been explored. In this study, we provide a spatiotemporal characterization of Neph1 expression in mouse dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) and spinal cord. After the neurogenic phase, Neph1 is broadly expressed in the DRGs and in their putative targets at the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, comprising both GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons. Interestingly, we found that PRRXL1, a homeodomain transcription factor that is required for proper establishment of the DRG-spinal cord circuit, prevents a premature expression of Neph1 in the superficial laminae of the dorsal spinal cord at E14.5, but has no regulatory effect on the DRGs or on either structure at E16.5. By chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis of the dorsal spinal cord, we identified four PRRXL1-bound regions within the Neph1 introns, suggesting that PRRXL1 directly regulates Neph1 transcription. We also showed that Neph1 is required for branching, especially at distal neurites. Together, our work showed that Prrxl1 prevents the early expression of Neph1 in the superficial dorsal horn, suggesting that Neph1 might function as a downstream effector gene for proper assembly of the DRG-spinal nociceptive circuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Baltar
- Unidade de Biologia Experimental, Departamento de Biomedicina, FMUP - Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Pain Neurobiology, IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Porto, Portugal
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rafael Mendes Miranda
- Unidade de Biologia Experimental, Departamento de Biomedicina, FMUP - Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Pain Neurobiology, IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Porto, Portugal
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Cabral
- Unidade de Biologia Experimental, Departamento de Biomedicina, FMUP - Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Pain Neurobiology, IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Porto, Portugal
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sandra Rebelo
- Unidade de Biologia Experimental, Departamento de Biomedicina, FMUP - Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Pain Neurobiology, IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Porto, Portugal
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Florian Grahammer
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias B Huber
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carlos Reguenga
- Unidade de Biologia Experimental, Departamento de Biomedicina, FMUP - Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Pain Neurobiology, IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Porto, Portugal
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Filipe Almeida Monteiro
- Unidade de Biologia Experimental, Departamento de Biomedicina, FMUP - Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
- Pain Neurobiology, IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Porto, Portugal.
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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32
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De Meulemeester AS, Reid C, Auvin S, Carlen PL, Cole AJ, Szlendak R, Di Sapia R, Moshé SL, Sankar R, O'Brien TJ, Baulac S, Henshall DC, Akman Ö, Galanopoulou AS. WONOEP appraisal: Modeling early onset epilepsies. Epilepsia 2024. [PMID: 39042520 DOI: 10.1111/epi.18063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Epilepsy has a peak incidence during the neonatal to early childhood period. These early onset epilepsies may be severe conditions frequently associated with comorbidities such as developmental deficits and intellectual disability and, in a significant percentage of patients, may be medication-resistant. The use of adult rodent models in the exploration of mechanisms and treatments for early life epilepsies is challenging, as it ignores significant age-specific developmental differences. More recently, models developed in immature animals, such as rodent pups, or in three-dimensional organoids may more closely model aspects of the immature brain and could result in more translatable findings. Although models are not perfect, they may offer a more controlled screening platform in studies of mechanisms and treatments, which cannot be done in pediatric patient cohorts. On the other hand, more simplified models with higher throughput capacities are required to deal with the large number of epilepsy candidate genes and the need for new treatment options. Therefore, a combination of different modeling approaches will be beneficial in addressing the unmet needs of pediatric epilepsy patients. In this review, we summarize the discussions on this topic that occurred during the XVI Workshop on Neurobiology of Epilepsy, organized in 2022 by the Neurobiology Commission of the International League Against Epilepsy. We provide an overview of selected models of early onset epilepsies, discussing their advantages and disadvantages. Heterologous expression models provide initial functional insights, and zebrafish, rodent models, and brain organoids present increasingly complex platforms for modeling and validating epilepsy-related phenomena. Together, these models offer valuable insights into early onset epilepsies and accelerate hypothesis generation and therapy discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Sofie De Meulemeester
- Institut du Cerveau-Paris Brain Institute-ICM, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Laboratory for Molecular Biodiscovery, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christopher Reid
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Epilepsy Research Centre, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stéphane Auvin
- Pediatric Neurology Department, CRMR Épilepsies Rares, EpiCARE member, AP-HP, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Paris, France
- INSERM NeuroDiderot, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Peter L Carlen
- Krembil Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine and Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew J Cole
- MGH Epilepsy Service, Division of Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Roza Szlendak
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, University of Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Montpellier, France
| | - Rossella Di Sapia
- Department of Acute Brain and Cardiovascular Injury, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Solomon L Moshé
- Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Isabelle Rapin Division of Child Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Raman Sankar
- Department of Neurology and Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Terence J O'Brien
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stéphanie Baulac
- Institut du Cerveau-Paris Brain Institute-ICM, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - David C Henshall
- FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Özlem Akman
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Demiroglu Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aristea S Galanopoulou
- Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Isabelle Rapin Division of Child Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
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Moldovan JB, Kopera HC, Liu Y, Garcia-Canadas M, Catalina P, Leone P, Sanchez L, Kitzman J, Kidd J, Garcia-Perez J, Moran J. Variable patterns of retrotransposition in different HeLa strains provide mechanistic insights into SINE RNA mobilization processes. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:7761-7779. [PMID: 38850156 PMCID: PMC11260458 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Alu elements are non-autonomous Short INterspersed Elements (SINEs) derived from the 7SL RNA gene that are present at over one million copies in human genomic DNA. Alu mobilizes by a mechanism known as retrotransposition, which requires the Long INterspersed Element-1 (LINE-1) ORF2-encoded protein (ORF2p). Here, we demonstrate that HeLa strains differ in their capacity to support Alu retrotransposition. Human Alu elements retrotranspose efficiently in HeLa-HA and HeLa-CCL2 (Alu-permissive) strains, but not in HeLa-JVM or HeLa-H1 (Alu-nonpermissive) strains. A similar pattern of retrotransposition was observed for other 7SL RNA-derived SINEs and tRNA-derived SINEs. In contrast, mammalian LINE-1s, a zebrafish LINE, a human SINE-VNTR-Alu (SVA) element, and an L1 ORF1-containing mRNA can retrotranspose in all four HeLa strains. Using an in vitro reverse transcriptase-based assay, we show that Alu RNAs associate with ORF2p and are converted into cDNAs in both Alu-permissive and Alu-nonpermissive HeLa strains, suggesting that 7SL- and tRNA-derived SINEs use strategies to 'hijack' L1 ORF2p that are distinct from those used by SVA elements and ORF1-containing mRNAs. These data further suggest ORF2p associates with the Alu RNA poly(A) tract in both Alu-permissive and Alu-nonpermissive HeLa strains, but that Alu retrotransposition is blocked after this critical step in Alu-nonpermissive HeLa strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- John B Moldovan
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Huira C Kopera
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Marta Garcia-Canadas
- Department of Genomic Medicine, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada 18016, Spain
| | | | - Paola E Leone
- Genetics and Genomics Laboratory, SOLCA Hospital, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Laura Sanchez
- Department of Genomic Medicine, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Jacob O Kitzman
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Kidd
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jose Luis Garcia-Perez
- Department of Genomic Medicine, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada 18016, Spain
| | - John V Moran
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Choe JY, Donkor M, Thorpe RJ, Allen MS, Phillips NR, Jones HP. Influence of Diet on Reproducible Corticosterone Levels in a Mouse Model of Maternal Separation with Early Weaning. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:880. [PMID: 39063633 PMCID: PMC11277828 DOI: 10.3390/life14070880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Maternal separation with early weaning (MSEW) is a popular early life stress (ELS) model in rodents, which emulates childhood neglect through scheduled mother-offspring separation. Although variations of ELS models, including maternal separation and MSEW, have been published for the mouse species, the reported results are inconsistent. Corticosterone is considered the main stress hormone involved in regulating stress responses in rodents-yet generating a robust and reproducible corticosterone response in mouse models of ELS has been elusive. Considering the current lack of standardization for MSEW protocols, these inconsistent results may be attributed to variations in model methodologies. Here, we compared the effects of select early wean diet sources-which are the non-milk diets used to complete early weaning in MSEW pups-on the immediate stress phenotype of C57BL/6J mice at postnatal day 21. Non-aversive handling was an integral component of our modified MSEW model. The evaluation of body weight and serum corticosterone revealed the early wean diet to be a key variable in the resulting stress phenotype. Interestingly, select non-milk diets facilitated a stress phenotype in which low body weight was accompanied by significant corticosterone elevation. Our data indicate that dietary considerations are critical in MSEW-based studies and provide insight into improving the reproducibility of key stress-associated outcomes as a function of this widely used ELS paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Y. Choe
- Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA;
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Wort, TX 76107, USA; (M.D.); (M.S.A.); (N.R.P.)
| | - Michael Donkor
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Wort, TX 76107, USA; (M.D.); (M.S.A.); (N.R.P.)
| | - Roland J. Thorpe
- Hopkins Center for Health Disparities Solutions, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA;
| | - Michael S. Allen
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Wort, TX 76107, USA; (M.D.); (M.S.A.); (N.R.P.)
| | - Nicole R. Phillips
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Wort, TX 76107, USA; (M.D.); (M.S.A.); (N.R.P.)
- Institute for Translational Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Harlan P. Jones
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Wort, TX 76107, USA; (M.D.); (M.S.A.); (N.R.P.)
- Institute for Health Disparities, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
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35
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Zhang N, Chen P, Cui Z, Zhou X, Hao C, Xie B, Hao P, Ye BC, Li X, Jing X. Revealing Differential RNA Editing Specificity of Human ADAR1 and ADAR2 in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:898. [PMID: 39062677 PMCID: PMC11276115 DOI: 10.3390/genes15070898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing is an important post-transcriptional modification mediated by the adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADAR) family of enzymes, expanding the transcriptome by altering selected nucleotides A to I in RNA molecules. Recently, A-to-I editing has been explored for correcting disease-causing mutations in RNA using therapeutic guide oligonucleotides to direct ADAR editing at specific sites. Humans have two active ADARs whose preferences and specificities are not well understood. To investigate their substrate specificity, we introduced hADAR1 and hADAR2, respectively, into Schizosaccharomyces pombe (S. pombe), which lacks endogenous ADARs, and evaluated their editing activities in vivo. Using transcriptome sequencing of S. pombe cultured at optimal growth temperature (30 °C), we identified 483 A-to-I high-confident editing sites for hADAR1 and 404 for hADAR2, compared with the non-editing wild-type control strain. However, these sites were mostly divergent between hADAR1 and hADAR2-expressing strains, sharing 33 common sites that are less than 9% for each strain. Their differential specificity for substrates was attributed to their differential preference for neighboring sequences of editing sites. We found that at the -3-position relative to the editing site, hADAR1 exhibits a tendency toward T, whereas hADAR2 leans toward A. Additionally, when varying the growth temperature for hADAR1- and hADAR2-expressing strains, we observed increased editing sites for them at both 20 and 35 °C, compared with them growing at 30 °C. However, we did not observe a significant shift in hADAR1 and hADAR2's preference for neighboring sequences across three temperatures. The vast changes in RNA editing sites at lower and higher temperatures were also observed for hADAR2 previously in budding yeast, which was likely due to the influence of RNA folding at these different temperatures, among many other factors. We noticed examples of longer lengths of dsRNA around the editing sites that induced editing at 20 or 35 °C but were absent at the other two temperature conditions. We found genes' functions can be greatly affected by editing of their transcripts, for which over 50% of RNA editing sites for both hADAR1 and hADAR2 in S. pombe were in coding sequences (CDS), with more than 60% of them resulting in amino acid changes in protein products. This study revealed the extensive differences in substrate selectivity between the two active human ADARS, i.e., ADAR1 and ADAR2, and provided novel insight when utilizing the two different enzymes for in vivo treatment of human genetic diseases using the RNA editing approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niubing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Design, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Design, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zilin Cui
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Design, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Design, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Chenhui Hao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Design, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Bingran Xie
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Design, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Pei Hao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Bang-Ce Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Design, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Xinyun Jing
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Design, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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Sun D, Zhu Y, Peng W, Zheng S, Weng J, Dong S, Li J, Chen Q, Ge C, Liao L, Dong Y, Liu Y, Meng W, Jiang Y. SETDB1 regulates short interspersed nuclear elements and chromatin loop organization in mouse neural precursor cells. Genome Biol 2024; 25:175. [PMID: 38961490 PMCID: PMC11221086 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-024-03327-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transposable elements play a critical role in maintaining genome architecture during neurodevelopment. Short Interspersed Nuclear Elements (SINEs), a major subtype of transposable elements, are known to harbor binding sites for the CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) and pivotal in orchestrating chromatin organization. However, the regulatory mechanisms controlling the activity of SINEs in the developing brain remains elusive. RESULTS In our study, we conduct a comprehensive genome-wide epigenetic analysis in mouse neural precursor cells using ATAC-seq, ChIP-seq, whole genome bisulfite sequencing, in situ Hi-C, and RNA-seq. Our findings reveal that the SET domain bifurcated histone lysine methyltransferase 1 (SETDB1)-mediated H3K9me3, in conjunction with DNA methylation, restricts chromatin accessibility on a selective subset of SINEs in neural precursor cells. Mechanistically, loss of Setdb1 increases CTCF access to these SINE elements and contributes to chromatin loop reorganization. Moreover, de novo loop formation contributes to differential gene expression, including the dysregulation of genes enriched in mitotic pathways. This leads to the disruptions of cell proliferation in the embryonic brain after genetic ablation of Setdb1 both in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our study sheds light on the epigenetic regulation of SINEs in mouse neural precursor cells, suggesting their role in maintaining chromatin organization and cell proliferation during neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daijing Sun
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yueyan Zhu
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wenzhu Peng
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shenghui Zheng
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jie Weng
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shulong Dong
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chuanhui Ge
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Liyong Liao
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yuhao Dong
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Weida Meng
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Song B, Bae S. Genome editing using CRISPR, CAST, and Fanzor systems. Mol Cells 2024; 47:100086. [PMID: 38909984 PMCID: PMC11278801 DOI: 10.1016/j.mocell.2024.100086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Genetic engineering technologies are essential not only for basic science but also for generating animal models for therapeutic applications. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) system, derived from adapted prokaryotic immune responses, has led to unprecedented advancements in the field of genome editing because of its ability to precisely target and edit genes in a guide RNA-dependent manner. The discovery of various types of CRISPR-Cas systems, such as CRISPR-associated transposons (CASTs), has resulted in the development of novel genome editing tools. Recently, research has expanded to systems associated with obligate mobile element guided activity (OMEGA) RNAs, including ancestral CRISPR-Cas and eukaryotic Fanzor systems, which are expected to complement the conventional CRISPR-Cas systems. In this review, we briefly introduce the features of various CRISPR-Cas systems and their application in diverse animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beomjong Song
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 33151, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sangsu Bae
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Medical Research Center of Genomic Medicine Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Pramono D, Sugimoto K, Kimura T, Miyake A, Nishigaki K. Characterization of the endogenous retrovirus-derived placenta-specific soluble protein EnvV-Fca from domestic cats. FEBS Lett 2024; 598:1792-1806. [PMID: 38604984 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are remnants of ancestral viruses in the host genome. The present study identified the expression of a defective retroviral env gene belonging to the ERV group V member Env (EnvV) in Felis catus (EnvV-Fca). EnV-Fca was specifically detected in the placental trophoblast syncytiotrophobic layer and expressed as a secreted protein in cultured cells. Genetic analyses indicated that EnvV2 genes are widely present in vertebrates and are under purifying selection among carnivores, suggesting a potential benefit for the host. This study suggests that birds, bats, and rodents carrying EnvV2 may play significant roles as intermediate vectors in spreading or cross-transmitting viruses among species. Our findings provide valuable insights into the evolution of ERV in vertebrate hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didik Pramono
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Japan
- Research Institute for Cell Design Medical Science, Yamaguchi University, Japan
| | - Kenji Sugimoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Japan
| | - Tohru Kimura
- The Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Japan
| | - Ariko Miyake
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Japan
- Research Institute for Cell Design Medical Science, Yamaguchi University, Japan
| | - Kazuo Nishigaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Japan
- Research Institute for Cell Design Medical Science, Yamaguchi University, Japan
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Newman T, Ishihara T, Shaw G, Renfree MB. The structure of the TH/INS locus and the parental allele expressed are not conserved between mammals. Heredity (Edinb) 2024; 133:21-32. [PMID: 38834866 PMCID: PMC11222543 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-024-00689-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Parent-of-origin-specific expression of imprinted genes is critical for successful mammalian growth and development. Insulin, coded by the INS gene, is an important growth factor expressed from the paternal allele in the yolk sac placenta of therian mammals. The tyrosine hydroxylase gene TH encodes an enzyme involved in dopamine synthesis. TH and INS are closely associated in most vertebrates, but the mouse orthologues, Th and Ins2, are separated by repeated DNA. In mice, Th is expressed from the maternal allele, but the parental origin of expression is not known for any other mammal so it is unclear whether the maternal expression observed in the mouse represents an evolutionary divergence or an ancestral condition. We compared the length of the DNA segment between TH and INS across species and show that separation of these genes occurred in the rodent lineage with an accumulation of repeated DNA. We found that the region containing TH and INS in the tammar wallaby produces at least five distinct RNA transcripts: TH, TH-INS1, TH-INS2, lncINS and INS. Using allele-specific expression analysis, we show that the TH/INS locus is expressed from the paternal allele in pre- and postnatal tammar wallaby tissues. Determining the imprinting pattern of TH/INS in other mammals might clarify if paternal expression is the ancestral condition which has been flipped to maternal expression in rodents by the accumulation of repeat sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trent Newman
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Teruhito Ishihara
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Epigenetics Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Geoff Shaw
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Marilyn B Renfree
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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Nehme R, Pietiläinen O, Barrett LE. Genomic, molecular, and cellular divergence of the human brain. Trends Neurosci 2024; 47:491-505. [PMID: 38897852 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
While many core biological processes are conserved across species, the human brain has evolved with unique capacities. Current understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms that endow human traits as well as associated vulnerabilities remains limited. However, emerging data have illuminated species divergence in DNA elements and genome organization, in molecular, morphological, and functional features of conserved neural cell types, as well as temporal differences in brain development. Here, we summarize recent data on unique features of the human brain and their complex implications for the study and treatment of brain diseases. We also consider key outstanding questions in the field and discuss the technologies and foundational knowledge that will be required to accelerate understanding of human neurobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralda Nehme
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Olli Pietiläinen
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Neuroscience Center, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lindy E Barrett
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
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41
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Brown KH, Kerr BN, Pettigrew M, Connor K, Miller IS, Shiels L, Connolly C, McGarry C, Byrne AT, Butterworth KT. A comparative analysis of preclinical computed tomography radiomics using cone-beam and micro-computed tomography scanners. Phys Imaging Radiat Oncol 2024; 31:100615. [PMID: 39157293 PMCID: PMC11328005 DOI: 10.1016/j.phro.2024.100615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Radiomics analysis extracts quantitative data (features) from medical images. These features could potentially reflect biological characteristics and act as imaging biomarkers within precision medicine. However, there is a lack of cross-comparison and validation of radiomics outputs which is paramount for clinical implementation. In this study, we compared radiomics outputs across two computed tomography (CT)-based preclinical scanners. Materials and methods Cone beam CT (CBCT) and µCT scans were acquired using different preclinical CT imaging platforms. The reproducibility of radiomics features on each scanner was assessed using a phantom across imaging energies (40 & 60 kVp) and segmentation volumes (44-238 mm3). Retrospective mouse scans were used to compare feature reliability across varying tissue densities (lung, heart, bone), scanners and after voxel size harmonisation. Reliable features had an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) > 0.8. Results First order and GLCM features were the most reliable on both scanners across different volumes. There was an inverse relationship between tissue density and feature reliability, with the highest number of features in lung (CBCT=580, µCT=734) and lowest in bone (CBCT=110, µCT=560). Comparable features for lung and heart tissues increased when voxel sizes were harmonised. We have identified tissue-specific preclinical radiomics signatures in mice for the lung (133), heart (35), and bone (15). Conclusions Preclinical CBCT and µCT scans can be used for radiomics analysis to support the development of meaningful radiomics signatures. This study demonstrates the importance of standardisation and emphasises the need for multi-centre studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn H Brown
- Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Brianna N Kerr
- Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Mihaela Pettigrew
- Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Kate Connor
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics and Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Ian S Miller
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics and Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
- National Preclinical Imaging Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Liam Shiels
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics and Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Colum Connolly
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics and Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Conor McGarry
- Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
- Northern Ireland Cancer Centre, Belfast Health & Social Care Trust, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Annette T Byrne
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics and Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
- National Preclinical Imaging Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Karl T Butterworth
- Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
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Calamari ZT, Song A, Cohen E, Akter M, Roy RD, Hallikas O, Christensen MM, Li P, Marangoni P, Jernvall J, Klein OD. Vole genomics links determinate and indeterminate growth of teeth. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.12.18.572015. [PMID: 38187646 PMCID: PMC10769287 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.18.572015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Continuously growing teeth are an important innovation in mammalian evolution, yet genetic regulation of continuous growth by stem cells remains incompletely understood. Dental stem cells responsible for tooth crown growth are lost at the onset of tooth root formation. Genetic signaling that initiates this loss is difficult to study with the ever-growing incisor and rooted molars of mice, the most common mammalian dental model species, because signals for root formation overlap with signals that pattern tooth size and shape (i.e., cusp patterns). Different species of voles (Cricetidae, Rodentia, Glires) have evolved rooted and unrooted molars that have similar size and shape, providing alternative models for studying roots. We assembled a de novo genome of Myodes glareolus, a vole with high-crowned, rooted molars, and performed genomic and transcriptomic analyses in a broad phylogenetic context of Glires (rodents and lagomorphs) to assess differential selection and evolution in tooth forming genes. We identified 15 dental genes with changing synteny relationships and six dental genes undergoing positive selection across Glires, two of which were undergoing positive selection in species with unrooted molars, Dspp and Aqp1. Decreased expression of both genes in prairie voles with unrooted molars compared to bank voles supports the presence of positive selection and may underlie differences in root formation. Bulk transcriptomics analyses of embryonic molar development in bank voles also demonstrated conserved patterns of dental gene expression compared to mice, with species-specific variation likely related to developmental timing and morphological differences between mouse and vole molars. Our results support ongoing evolution of dental genes across Glires, revealing the complex evolutionary background of convergent evolution for ever-growing molars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary T. Calamari
- Baruch College, City University of New York, One Bernard Baruch Way, New York, NY 10010, USA
- The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 Fifth Ave, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Division of Paleontology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, NY, 10024, USA
| | - Andrew Song
- Baruch College, City University of New York, One Bernard Baruch Way, New York, NY 10010, USA
- Cornell University, 616 Thurston Ave, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Emily Cohen
- Baruch College, City University of New York, One Bernard Baruch Way, New York, NY 10010, USA
- New York University College of Dentistry, 345 E 34th St, New York, NY 10010
| | - Muspika Akter
- Baruch College, City University of New York, One Bernard Baruch Way, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - Rishi Das Roy
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Outi Hallikas
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mona M. Christensen
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pengyang Li
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Guerin Children’s, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Suite 2416, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Pauline Marangoni
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Guerin Children’s, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Suite 2416, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Jukka Jernvall
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ophir D. Klein
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Guerin Children’s, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Suite 2416, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
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Fu B, Ma H, Liu D. Pioneer Transcription Factors: The First Domino in Zygotic Genome Activation. Biomolecules 2024; 14:720. [PMID: 38927123 PMCID: PMC11202083 DOI: 10.3390/biom14060720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Zygotic genome activation (ZGA) is a pivotal event in mammalian embryogenesis, marking the transition from maternal to zygotic control of development. During the ZGA process that is characterized by the intricate cascade of gene expression, who tipped the first domino in a meticulously arranged sequence is a subject of paramount interest. Recently, Dux, Obox and Nr5a2 were identified as pioneer transcription factors that reside at the top of transcriptional hierarchy. Through co-option of retrotransposon elements as hubs for transcriptional activation, these pioneer transcription factors rewire the gene regulatory network, thus initiating ZGA. In this review, we provide a snapshot of the mechanisms underlying the functions of these pioneer transcription factors. We propose that ZGA is the starting point where the embryo's own genome begins to influence development trajectory, therefore in-depth dissecting the functions of pioneer transcription factors during ZGA will form a cornerstone of our understanding for early embryonic development, which will pave the way for advancing our grasp of mammalian developmental biology and optimizing in vitro production (IVP) techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Fu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, HeiLongJiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China; (B.F.); (H.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Combining Farming and Animal Husbandry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Hong Ma
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, HeiLongJiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China; (B.F.); (H.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Combining Farming and Animal Husbandry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Di Liu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, HeiLongJiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China; (B.F.); (H.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Combining Farming and Animal Husbandry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150086, China
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44
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Ding M, Nielsen K. Inbred Mouse Models in Cryptococcus neoformans Research. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:426. [PMID: 38921412 PMCID: PMC11204852 DOI: 10.3390/jof10060426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Animal models are frequently used as surrogates to understand human disease. In the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus species complex, several variations of a mouse model of disease were developed that recapitulate different aspects of human disease. These mouse models have been implemented using various inbred and outbred mouse backgrounds, many of which have genetic differences that can influence host response and disease outcome. In this review, we will discuss the most commonly used inbred mouse backgrounds in C. neoformans infection models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kirsten Nielsen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Rebboah E, Rezaie N, Williams BA, Weimer AK, Shi M, Yang X, Liang HY, Dionne LA, Reese F, Trout D, Jou J, Youngworth I, Reinholdt L, Morabito S, Snyder MP, Wold BJ, Mortazavi A. The ENCODE mouse postnatal developmental time course identifies regulatory programs of cell types and cell states. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.12.598567. [PMID: 38915583 PMCID: PMC11195270 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.12.598567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Postnatal genomic regulation significantly influences tissue and organ maturation but is under-studied relative to existing genomic catalogs of adult tissues or prenatal development in mouse. The ENCODE4 consortium generated the first comprehensive single-nucleus resource of postnatal regulatory events across a diverse set of mouse tissues. The collection spans seven postnatal time points, mirroring human development from childhood to adulthood, and encompasses five core tissues. We identified 30 cell types, further subdivided into 69 subtypes and cell states across adrenal gland, left cerebral cortex, hippocampus, heart, and gastrocnemius muscle. Our annotations cover both known and novel cell differentiation dynamics ranging from early hippocampal neurogenesis to a new sex-specific adrenal gland population during puberty. We used an ensemble Latent Dirichlet Allocation strategy with a curated vocabulary of 2,701 regulatory genes to identify regulatory "topics," each of which is a gene vector, linked to cell type differentiation, subtype specialization, and transitions between cell states. We find recurrent regulatory topics in tissue-resident macrophages, neural cell types, endothelial cells across multiple tissues, and cycling cells of the adrenal gland and heart. Cell-type-specific topics are enriched in transcription factors and microRNA host genes, while chromatin regulators dominate mitosis topics. Corresponding chromatin accessibility data reveal dynamic and sex-specific regulatory elements, with enriched motifs matching transcription factors in regulatory topics. Together, these analyses identify both tissue-specific and common regulatory programs in postnatal development across multiple tissues through the lens of the factors regulating transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Rebboah
- Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA
| | - Narges Rezaie
- Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA
| | - Brian A. Williams
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, USA
| | - Annika K. Weimer
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Genomic Mechanisms of Disease, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
| | - Minyi Shi
- Department of Next Generation Sequencing and Microchemistry, Proteomics and Lipidomics, Genentech, San Francisco, USA
| | - Xinqiong Yang
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, USA
| | - Heidi Yahan Liang
- Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA
| | | | - Fairlie Reese
- Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA
| | - Diane Trout
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, USA
| | - Jennifer Jou
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, USA
| | - Ingrid Youngworth
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, USA
| | | | - Samuel Morabito
- Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA
| | - Michael P. Snyder
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, USA
| | - Barbara J. Wold
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, USA
| | - Ali Mortazavi
- Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA
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46
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Faiz Z, Parveen S, Saeed S, Tayyab M, Sultana M, Hussain M, Shafqat Z. Comparative genomic studies on the TGF-β superfamily in blue whale. Mamm Genome 2024; 35:228-240. [PMID: 38467865 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-024-10031-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
TGF-β supergene family has a wide range of physiological functions including cell adhesion, motility, proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. We systematically analyzed and characterized the TGF-β gene superfamily from the whole blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus) genome, using comparative genomic and evolutionary analysis. We identified 30 TGF-β genes and were split into two subgroups, BMP-like and TGF-like. All TGF-β proteins demonstrating a basic nature, with the exception of BMP1, BMP2, BMP10, GDF2, MSTN, and NODAL modulator, had acidic characteristics. All the blue whale (B. musculus) TGF-β proteins, excluding BMP1, are thermostable based on aliphatic index. The instability index showed all proteins except the NODAL modulator was unstable. TGF-β proteins showed a hydrophilic character, with the exception of GDF1 and INHBC. Moreover, all the detected TGF-β genes showed evolutionary conserved nature. A segmental duplication was indicated by TGF-β gene family, and the Ka/Ks ratio showed that the duplicated gene pairs were subjected to selection pressure, indicating both purifying and positive selection pressure. Two possible recombination breakpoints were also predicted. This study provides insights into the genetic characterization and evolutionary aspects of the TGF-β superfamily in blue whales (B. musculus).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zunaira Faiz
- Department of Zoology, The Government Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur, 63100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Shakeela Parveen
- Department of Zoology, The Government Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur, 63100, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Saba Saeed
- Department of Zoology, The Government Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur, 63100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tayyab
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Mehwish Sultana
- Department of Zoology, The Government Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur, 63100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hussain
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Zainab Shafqat
- Department of Zoology, The Government Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur, 63100, Punjab, Pakistan
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Greenhalgh R, Klure DM, Orr TJ, Armstrong NM, Shapiro MD, Dearing MD. The desert woodrat (Neotoma lepida) induces a diversity of biotransformation genes in response to creosote bush resin. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 280:109870. [PMID: 38428625 PMCID: PMC11006593 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Liver biotransformation enzymes have long been thought to enable animals to feed on diets rich in xenobiotic compounds. However, despite decades of pharmacological research in humans and rodents, little is known about hepatic gene expression in specialized mammalian herbivores feeding on toxic diets. Leveraging a recently identified population of the desert woodrat (Neotoma lepida) found to be highly tolerant to toxic creosote bush (Larrea tridentata), we explored the expression changes of suites of biotransformation genes in response to diets enriched with varying amounts of creosote resin. Analysis of hepatic RNA-seq data indicated a dose-dependent response to these compounds, including the upregulation of several genes encoding transcription factors and numerous phase I, II, and III biotransformation families. Notably, elevated expression of five biotransformation families - carboxylesterases, cytochromes P450, aldo-keto reductases, epoxide hydrolases, and UDP-glucuronosyltransferases - corresponded to species-specific duplication events in the genome, suggesting that these genes play a prominent role in N. lepida's adaptation to creosote bush. Building on pharmaceutical studies in model rodents, we propose a hypothesis for how the differentially expressed genes are involved in the biotransformation of creosote xenobiotics. Our results provide some of the first details about how these processes likely operate in the liver of a specialized mammalian herbivore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Greenhalgh
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, 257 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
| | - Dylan M Klure
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, 257 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
| | - Teri J Orr
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, 257 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
| | - Noah M Armstrong
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, 257 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
| | - Michael D Shapiro
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, 257 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
| | - M Denise Dearing
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, 257 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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Foessl I, Ackert-Bicknell CL, Kague E, Laskou F, Jakob F, Karasik D, Obermayer-Pietsch B, Alonso N, Bjørnerem Å, Brandi ML, Busse B, Calado Â, Cebi AH, Christou M, Curran KM, Hald JD, Semeraro MD, Douni E, Duncan EL, Duran I, Formosa MM, Gabet Y, Ghatan S, Gkitakou A, Hassler EM, Högler W, Heino TJ, Hendrickx G, Khashayar P, Kiel DP, Koromani F, Langdahl B, Lopes P, Mäkitie O, Maurizi A, Medina-Gomez C, Ntzani E, Ohlsson C, Prijatelj V, Rabionet R, Reppe S, Rivadeneira F, Roshchupkin G, Sharma N, Søe K, Styrkarsdottir U, Szulc P, Teti A, Tobias J, Valjevac A, van de Peppel J, van der Eerden B, van Rietbergen B, Zekic T, Zillikens MC. A perspective on muscle phenotyping in musculoskeletal research. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024; 35:478-489. [PMID: 38553405 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal research should synergistically investigate bone and muscle to inform approaches for maintaining mobility and to avoid bone fractures. The relationship between sarcopenia and osteoporosis, integrated in the term 'osteosarcopenia', is underscored by the close association shown between these two conditions in many studies, whereby one entity emerges as a predictor of the other. In a recent workshop of Working Group (WG) 2 of the EU Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action 'Genomics of MusculoSkeletal traits Translational Network' (GEMSTONE) consortium (CA18139), muscle characterization was highlighted as being important, but currently under-recognized in the musculoskeletal field. Here, we summarize the opinions of the Consortium and research questions around translational and clinical musculoskeletal research, discussing muscle phenotyping in human experimental research and in two animal models: zebrafish and mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Foessl
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
| | - Cheryl L Ackert-Bicknell
- Colorado Program for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Erika Kague
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Franz Jakob
- Bernhard-Heine-Centrum für Bewegungsforschung und Lehrstuhl für Funktionswerkstoffe der Medizin und der Zahnheilkunde, Würzburg, Germany
| | - David Karasik
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Barbara Obermayer-Pietsch
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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49
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Morales E, Prieto-Sánchez MT, Mendiola J, Cutillas-Tolín A, Adoamnei E, Valera-Gran D, Martínez-Graciá C, Santaella-Pascual M, Suárez-Martinez C, Vioque J, Castaños MJ, Del Castillo E, García-Marcos L. Maternal non-compliance with recommended folic acid supplement use alters global DNA methylation in cord blood of newborns: A cohort study. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:1191-1198. [PMID: 38631086 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Prenatal folate exposure may alter epigenetic marks in the offspring. We aimed to evaluate associations between prenatal exposure to folic acid (FA) in preconception and in utero with cord blood DNA methylation in long interspersed nuclear element 1 (LINE-1) and Alu short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs) as markers of global DNA methylation levels. METHODS Data come from 325 mother-child pairs participating in the Nutrition in Early Life and Asthma (NELA) birth cohort (2015-2018). Pregnant women were asked about supplement use, including brand name and dose, one month before pregnancy (preconception) and through the trimesters of pregnancy. Maternal dietary folate intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire with additional questions for FA supplement use. Folate serum levels were measured in mothers at 24 weeks of gestation and in cord blood of newborns. DNA methylation was quantitatively assessed by bisulfite pyrosequencing on 5 LINE-1 and 3 Alu different elements. Associations were estimated using multivariable linear regression models. RESULTS A reduction in methylation levels of LINE-1 in newborns was associated with the use of FA supplements below the recommended doses (<400 ug/day) during preconception (-0.50; 95% CI: -0.91, -0.09; P = 0.016), and from preconception up to 12 weeks of gestation (-0.48; 95% CI: -0.88, -0.08; P = 0.018). Maternal use of FA supplements above the tolerable upper intake level of 1000 ug/day from preconception until 12 weeks of gestation was also related to lower methylation in LINE-1 at birth (-0.77; 95% CI: -1.52, -0.02; P = 0.044). Neither FA supplement use after 12 weeks of gestation nor maternal total folate intake (diet plus supplements) were associated with global DNA methylation levels at birth. CONCLUSIONS Maternal non-compliance with the use of FA supplement recommendations from preconception up to 12 weeks of gestation reduces offspring global DNA methylation levels at birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Morales
- Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
| | - María Teresa Prieto-Sánchez
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain; Materno-Fetal Medicine Unit, Obstetrics and Gynaecology Service, "Virgen de la Arrixaca" University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jaime Mendiola
- Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana Cutillas-Tolín
- Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | - Evdochia Adoamnei
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain; Department of Nursing, University of Murcia School of Nursing, Murcia, Spain
| | - Desirée Valera-Gran
- Department of Surgery and Pathology, Miguel Hernandez University, 03550 Alicante, Spain; Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Ocupacional (InTeO), Miguel Hernandez University, 03550 Alicante, Spain; Health and Biomedical Research Institute of Alicante, University Miguel Hernandez (ISABIAL-UMH), Alicante, Spain
| | - Carmen Martínez-Graciá
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain; Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Marina Santaella-Pascual
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain; Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Clara Suárez-Martinez
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain; Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jesús Vioque
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Health and Biomedical Research Institute of Alicante, University Miguel Hernandez (ISABIAL-UMH), Alicante, Spain
| | - María Jesús Castaños
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Service, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eva Del Castillo
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Service, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Luis García-Marcos
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain; Paediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Units, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Children's Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; ARADyAL Allergy Network, Madrid, Spain
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50
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Zhu C, Yuan T, Krishnan J. Targeting cardiomyocyte cell cycle regulation in heart failure. Basic Res Cardiol 2024; 119:349-369. [PMID: 38683371 PMCID: PMC11142990 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-024-01049-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Heart failure continues to be a significant global health concern, causing substantial morbidity and mortality. The limited ability of the adult heart to regenerate has posed challenges in finding effective treatments for cardiac pathologies. While various medications and surgical interventions have been used to improve cardiac function, they are not able to address the extensive loss of functioning cardiomyocytes that occurs during cardiac injury. As a result, there is growing interest in understanding how the cell cycle is regulated and exploring the potential for stimulating cardiomyocyte proliferation as a means of promoting heart regeneration. This review aims to provide an overview of current knowledge on cell cycle regulation and mechanisms underlying cardiomyocyte proliferation in cases of heart failure, while also highlighting established and novel therapeutic strategies targeting this area for treatment purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaonan Zhu
- Department of Medicine III, Cardiology/Angiology/Nephrology, Goethe University Hospital, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ting Yuan
- Department of Medicine III, Cardiology/Angiology/Nephrology, Goethe University Hospital, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Rhein-Main, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, Goethe University Hospital, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Jaya Krishnan
- Department of Medicine III, Cardiology/Angiology/Nephrology, Goethe University Hospital, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Rhein-Main, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, Goethe University Hospital, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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