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Obeng S, Crowley ML, Mottinelli M, León F, Zuarth Gonzalez JD, Chen Y, Gamez-Jimenez LR, Restrepo LF, Ho NP, Patel A, Martins Rocha J, Alvarez MA, Thadisetti AM, Park CR, Pallares VLC, Milner MJ, Canal CE, Hampson AJ, McCurdy CR, McMahon LR, Wilkerson JL, Hiranita T. The Mitragyna speciosa (kratom) alkaloid mitragynine: Analysis of adrenergic α 2 receptor activity in vitro and in vivo. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 980:176863. [PMID: 39068978 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Mitragynine, an alkaloid present in the leaves of Mitragyna speciosa (kratom), has a complex pharmacology that includes low efficacy agonism at μ-opioid receptors (MORs). This study examined the activity of mitragynine at adrenergic α2 receptors (Aα2Rs) in vitro and in vivo. Mitragynine displaced a radiolabeled Aα2R antagonist ([3H]RX821002) from human Aα2ARs in vitro with lower affinity (Ki = 1260 nM) than the agonists (-)-epinephrine (Ki = 263 nM) or lofexidine (Ki = 7.42 nM). Mitragynine did not significantly stimulate [35S]GTPγS binding at Aα2ARs in vitro, but in rats trained to discriminate 32 mg/kg mitragynine from vehicle (intraperitoneally administered; i.p.), mitragynine exerted an Aα2R agonist-like effect. Both α2R antagonists (atipamezole and yohimbine) and MOR antagonists (naloxone and naltrexone) produced rightward shifts in mitragynine discrimination dose-effect function and Aα2R agonists lofexidine and clonidine produced leftward shifts. In the mitragynine trained rats, Aα2R agonists also produced leftward shifts in discrimination dose-effect functions for morphine and fentanyl. In a separate rat cohort trained to discriminate 3.2 mg/kg i.p. morphine from vehicle, naltrexone produced a rightward shift, but neither an Aα2R agonist or antagonist affected morphine discrimination. In a hypothermia assay, both lofexidine and clonidine produced marked effects antagonized by yohimbine. Mitragynine did not produce hypothermia. Together, these data demonstrate that mitragynine acts in vivo like an Aα2R agonist, although its failure to induce hypothermia or stimulate [35S]GTPγS binding in vitro, suggests that mitragynine maybe a low efficacy Aα2R agonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Obeng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA; Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Morgan L Crowley
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Marco Mottinelli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Francisco León
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Julio D Zuarth Gonzalez
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Yiming Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mercer University College of Pharmacy, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
| | - Lea R Gamez-Jimenez
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Luis F Restrepo
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Nicholas P Ho
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Avi Patel
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Joelma Martins Rocha
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Manuel A Alvarez
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Amsha M Thadisetti
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Chai R Park
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Victoria L C Pallares
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Megan J Milner
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Clinton E Canal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mercer University College of Pharmacy, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
| | - Aidan J Hampson
- Division of Therapeutics and Medical Consequences, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Christopher R McCurdy
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA; Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Translational Drug Development Core, Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Lance R McMahon
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Jenny L Wilkerson
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
| | - Takato Hiranita
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
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Wang L, Nuñez YZ, Kranzler HR, Zhou H, Gelernter J. Whole-exome sequencing study of opioid dependence offers novel insights into the contributions of exome variants. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.09.15.24313713. [PMID: 39371181 PMCID: PMC11451610 DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.15.24313713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
Opioid dependence (OD) is epidemic in the United States and it is associated with a variety of adverse health effects. Its estimated heritability is ∼50%, and recent genome-wide association studies have identified more than a dozen common risk variants. However, there are no published studies of rare OD risk variants. In this study, we analyzed whole-exome sequencing data from the Yale-Penn cohort, comprising 2,100 participants of European ancestry (EUR; 1,321 OD cases) and 1,790 of African ancestry (AFR; 864 cases). A novel low-frequency variant (rs746301110) in the RUVBL2 gene was identified in EUR ( p =6.59×10 -10 ). Suggestive associations ( p <1×10 -5 ) were observed in TMCO3 in EUR, in NEIL2 and CFAP44 in AFR, and in FAM210B in the cross-ancestry meta-analysis. Gene-based collapsing tests identified SLC22A10 , TMCO3 , FAM90A1 , DHX58 , CHRND , GLDN , PLAT , H1-4 , COL3A1 , GPHB5 and QPCTL as top genes ( p <1×10 -4 ) with most associations attributable to rare variants and driven by the burden of predicted loss-of-function and missense variants. This study begins to fill the gap in our understanding of the genetic architecture of OD, providing insights into the contribution of rare coding variants and potential targets for future functional studies and drug development.
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Shaykin JD, Denehy ED, Martin JR, Chandler CM, Luo D, Taylor CE, Sunshine MD, Turner JR, Alilain WJ, Prisinzano TE, Bardo MT. Targeting α 1- and α 2-adrenergic receptors as a countermeasure for fentanyl-induced locomotor and ventilatory depression. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 110:104527. [PMID: 39106924 PMCID: PMC11423298 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
This study assessed the ability of α1 and α2-adrenergic drugs to decrease fentanyl-induced locomotor and ventilatory depression. Rats were given saline or fentanyl, followed by: (1) naltrexone, (2) naloxone, (3) nalmefene, (4) α1 agonist phenylephrine, (5) α1 antagonist prazosin, (6) α1D antagonist BMY-7378, (7) α2 agonist clonidine, (8) α2 antagonist yohimbine or (9) vehicle. All µ-opioid antagonists dose-dependently reversed fentanyl-induced locomotor and ventilatory depression. While the α1 drugs did not alter the effects of fentanyl, clonidine dose-dependently decreased locomotion and respiration with and without fentanyl. Conversely, yohimbine given at a low dose (0.3-1 mg/kg) stimulated ventilation when given alone and higher doses (>1 mg/kg) partially reversed (∼50 %) fentanyl-induced ventilatory depression, but not locomotor depression. High doses of yohimbine in combination with a suboptimal dose of naltrexone reversed fentanyl-induced ventilatory depression, suggestive of additivity. Yohimbine may serve as an effective adjunctive countermeasure agent combined with naltrexone to rescue fentanyl-induced ventilatory depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob D Shaykin
- Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Emily D Denehy
- Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Jocelyn R Martin
- Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Cassie M Chandler
- Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Dan Luo
- College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Chase E Taylor
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center (SCoBIRC) and Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Michael D Sunshine
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center (SCoBIRC) and Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Jill R Turner
- College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Warren J Alilain
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center (SCoBIRC) and Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | | | - Michael T Bardo
- Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
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Sadek SM, Khatri SN, Kipp Z, Dunn KE, Beckmann JS, Stoops WW, Hinds TD, Gipson CD. Impacts of xylazine on fentanyl demand, body weight, and acute withdrawal in rats: A comparison to lofexidine. Neuropharmacology 2024; 245:109816. [PMID: 38128606 PMCID: PMC10843705 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The opioid use landscape has recently shifted to include xylazine, a veterinary anesthetic, as an adulterant in the fentanyl supply. The health impacts of xylazine as an emerging fentanyl adulterant has raised alarm regarding xylazine as a public health threat, warranting research on the impacts of xylazine on fentanyl's behavioral effects. No prior studies have evaluated the effects of xylazine on fentanyl consumption at various unit doses, fentanyl demand, or withdrawal as compared to the Food and Drug Administration-approved opioid withdrawal medication, lofexidine (Lucemyra®). This is important because lofexidine and xylazine are both adrenergic α2a (A2aR) agonists, however, lofexidine is not a noted fentanyl adulterant. Here we evaluated xylazine and lofexidine combined with self-administered fentanyl doses in male and female rats and evaluated fentanyl demand, body weight, and acute withdrawal. Consumption of fentanyl alone increased at various unit doses compared to saline. Xylazine but not lofexidine shifted fentanyl consumption downward at a number of unit doses, however, both lofexidine and xylazine suppressed fentanyl demand intensity as compared to a fentanyl alone control group. Further, both fentanyl + lofexidine and fentanyl + xylazine reduced behavioral signs of fentanyl withdrawal immediately following SA, but signs increased by 12 h only in the xylazine co-exposed group. Weight loss occurred throughout fentanyl SA and withdrawal regardless of group, although the xylazine group lost significantly more weight during the first 24 h of withdrawal than the other two groups. Severity of weight loss during the first 24 h of withdrawal was also correlated with severity of somatic signs of fentanyl withdrawal. Together, these results suggest that body weight loss may be an important indicator of withdrawal severity during acute withdrawal from the xylazine/fentanyl combination, warranting further translational evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safiyah M Sadek
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Shailesh N Khatri
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Zachary Kipp
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Kelly E Dunn
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Department, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joshua S Beckmann
- Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - William W Stoops
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Terry D Hinds
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Cassandra D Gipson
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
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Acosta-Mares P, Violante-Soria V, Browne T, Cruz SL. Xylazine potentiates the lethal but not the rewarding effects of fentanyl in mice. Drug Alcohol Depend 2023; 253:110993. [PMID: 37883846 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.110993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fentanyl is commonly laced with xylazine. People who use this combination report heightened effects, but it also increases death risk. Although no medication has been approved to counteract overdoses produced by fentanyl and xylazine, naloxone is frequently used. This paper studies the preclinical rewarding and lethal effects of fentanyl combined with xylazine and the efficacy of yohimbine or naloxone to prevent death. METHODS Male Swiss Webster mice were treated with (in mg/kg, i.p.) xylazine (0.3, 1, 3, or 5.6), fentanyl (0.01, 0.3, or 0.1), or 1 xylazine plus 0.01 (non-effective) or 0.1 (effective) fentanyl doses during the conditioned-place preference (CPP) test. In addition, independent groups received (in mg/kg, i.p.): xylazine (31.6, 60, 74.2, or 100), fentanyl (3.1 or 10), or both substances at two doses: 31.6 xylazine + 3.1 fentanyl, or 60 xylazine + 10 fentanyl to analyze lethal effects. We determined whether yohimbine or naloxone (each medication tested at 10 or 30mg/kg) could prevent the lethality produced by fentanyl/xylazine combinations. Female mice were also tested in key experiments. RESULTS Xylazine neither induced CPP nor altered fentanyl's rewarding effects. In contrast, lethality was potentiated when fentanyl was combined with xylazine. Naloxone, but not yohimbine, effectively prevented the lethality of the fentanyl/xylazine combinations. CONCLUSIONS At the doses tested, xylazine does not increase the rewarding effect of fentanyl on the CPP in male mice but potentiates the risk of fatal overdose in male and female mice. A high naloxone dose prevents death induced by coadministration of fentanyl and xylazine in both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palmira Acosta-Mares
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Valeria Violante-Soria
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Thom Browne
- Colombo Plan Secretariat, Drug Advisory Program, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Silvia L Cruz
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico City, Mexico.
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Nguyen LP, Cho M, Nguyen TU, Park HK, Nguyen HT, Mykhailova K, Hurh S, Kim HR, Seong JY, Lee CS, Ham BJ, Hwang JI. Neurokinin-2 receptor negatively modulates substance P responses by forming complex with Neurokinin-1 receptor. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:212. [PMID: 37968728 PMCID: PMC10652611 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01165-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tachykinins and their cognate receptors, neurokinin receptors (NKs) including NK1, NK2, and NK3 play vital roles in regulating various physiological processes including neurotransmission, nociception, inflammation, smooth muscle contractility, and stimulation of endocrine and exocrine gland secretion. Their abnormal expression has been reported to be associated with neurological disorders, inflammation, and cancer. Even though NKs are expressed in the same cells with their expression being inversely correlated in some conditions, there is no direct evidence to prove their interaction. Understanding the functional crosstalk between NKs in mediated downstream signaling and cellular responses may elucidate the roles of each receptor in pathophysiology. RESULTS In this study, we showed that NKs were co-expressed in some cells. However, different from NK3, which only forms homodimerization, we demonstrated a direct interaction between NK1 and NK2 at the protein level using co-immunoprecipitation and NanoBiT-based protein interaction analysis. Through heterodimerization, NK2 downregulated substance P-stimulated NK1 signals, such as intracellular Ca2+ mobilization and ERK phosphorylation, by enhancing β-arrestin recruitment, even at the ligand concentration that could not activate NK2 itself or in the presence of NK1 specific antagonist, aprepitant. In A549 cells with receptors deleted and reconstituted, NK2 exerted a negative effect on substance P/NK1-mediated cell migration. CONCLUSION Our study has provided the first direct evidence of an interaction between NK1 and NK2, which highlights the functional relevance of their heterodimerization in cellular responses. Our findings demonstrated that through dimerization, NK2 exerts negative effects on downstream signaling and cellular response mediated by NK1. Moreover, this study has significant implications for understanding the complexity of GPCR dimerization and its effect on downstream signaling and cellular responses. Given the important roles of tachykinins and NKs in pathophysiology, these insights may provide clues for developing NKs-targeting drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Phuong Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minyeong Cho
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Thai Uy Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Kyung Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Huong Thi Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kateryna Mykhailova
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghoon Hurh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Rae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Young Seong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Soon Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Joo Ham
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Ik Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Ahmed N, Kassis A, Malone J, Yang J, Zamzami E, Lin AH, Gordon SM, Gong M, Bardo M, Dalmasso C, Loria AS. Prenatal Morphine Exposure Increases Cardiovascular Disease Risk and Programs Neurogenic Hypertension in the Adult Offspring. Hypertension 2023; 80:1283-1296. [PMID: 37042247 PMCID: PMC10274123 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.122.20262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The opioid overdose and opioid use disorder epidemics are concomitant with increased metabolic and CVD risk. Although opioid use disorder causes adverse pregnancy outcomes, the offspring's cardiovascular health is understudied. We hypothesized that offspring exposed to in utero morphine exposure (IUME) would show increased CVD risk factors and endogenous opioid system dysregulation. METHODS Sprague Dawley dams were treated with saline (vehicle, n=10) or escalating doses of morphine (5-20 mg/kg per day, SC, n=10) during gestation. Cardiovascular and metabolic parameters were assessed in adult offspring. RESULTS Litter size and pups' birth weight were not different in response to IUME. Female and male IUME offspring showed reduced body length at birth (P<0.05) and body weight from weeks 1 to 3 of life (P<0.05), followed by a catch-up growth effect. By week 16, female and male IUME rats showed reduced tibia length (P<0.05) and fat mass. IUME increases the mean arterial pressure and the depressor response to mecamylamine (5 mg/kg per day, IP) induced by IUME were abolished by a chronic treatment with an alpha-adrenergic receptor blocker (prazosin; 1 mg/kg per day, IP). Although circulating levels of angiotensin peptides were similar between groups, IUME exacerbated maximal ex vivo Ang (angiotensin) II-induced vasoconstriction (P<0.05) and induced endothelial dysfunction in a sex-specific manner (P<0.05). Proenkephalin, an endogenous opioid peptide that lowers blood pressure and sympathetic-mediated vasoconstriction, showed reduced mRNA expression in the heart, aorta, and kidneys from morphine versus vehicle group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Among the effects of IUME, neurogenic hypertension, vascular dysfunction, and metabolic dysfunction could be associated with the dysregulation of the endogenous opioid system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nermin Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536
| | - Alana Kassis
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536
| | - Jena Malone
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536
| | - Jodie Yang
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536
| | - Esraa Zamzami
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536
| | - An-Hsuan Lin
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536
| | - Scott M. Gordon
- SAHA Cardiovascular Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536
| | - Ming Gong
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536
| | - Michael Bardo
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536
| | - Carolina Dalmasso
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536
| | - Analia S. Loria
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536
- SAHA Cardiovascular Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536
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Saha S, González-Maeso J. The crosstalk between 5-HT 2AR and mGluR2 in schizophrenia. Neuropharmacology 2023; 230:109489. [PMID: 36889432 PMCID: PMC10103009 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a severe brain disorder that usually produces a lifetime of disability. First generation or typical antipsychotics such as haloperidol and second generation or atypical antipsychotics such as clozapine and risperidone remain the current standard for schizophrenia treatment. In some patients with schizophrenia, antipsychotics produce complete remission of positive symptoms, such as hallucinations and delusions. However, antipsychotic drugs are ineffective against cognitive deficits and indeed treated schizophrenia patients have small improvements or even deterioration in several cognitive domains. This underlines the need for novel and more efficient therapeutic targets for schizophrenia treatment. Serotonin and glutamate have been identified as key parts of two neurotransmitter systems involved in fundamental brain processes. Serotonin (or 5-hydroxytryptamine) 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2AR) and metabotropic glutamate 2 receptor (mGluR2) are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that interact at epigenetic and functional levels. These two receptors can form GPCR heteromeric complexes through which their pharmacology, function and trafficking becomes affected. Here we review past and current research on the 5-HT2AR-mGluR2 heterocomplex and its potential implication in schizophrenia and antipsychotic drug action. This article is part of the Special Issue on "The receptor-receptor interaction as a new target for therapy".
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Affiliation(s)
- Somdatta Saha
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.
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Opioid-Modulated Receptor Localization and Erk1/2 Phosphorylation in Cells Coexpressing μ-Opioid and Nociceptin Receptors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021048. [PMID: 36674576 PMCID: PMC9865058 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
We attempted to examine the alterations elicited by opioids via coexpressed μ-opioid (MOP) and nociceptin/orphanin FQ (NOP) receptors for receptor localization and Erk1/2 (p44/42 MAPK) in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells. Through two-photon microscopy, the proximity of MOP and NOP receptors was verified by fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), and morphine but not buprenorphine facilitated the process of MOP-NOP heterodimerization. Single-particle tracking (SPT) further revealed that morphine or buprenorphine hindered the movement of the MOP-NOP heterodimers. After exposure to morphine or buprenorphine, receptor localization on lipid rafts was detected by immunocytochemistry, and phosphorylation of Erk1/2 was determined by immunoblotting in HEK 293 cells expressing MOP, NOP, or MOP+NOP receptors. Colocalization of MOP and NOP on lipid rafts was enhanced by morphine but not buprenorphine. Morphine stimulated the phosphorylation of Erk1/2 with a similar potency in HEK 293 cells expressing MOP and MOP+NOP receptors, but buprenorphine appeared to activate Erk1/2 solely through NOP receptors. Our results suggest that opioids can fine-tune the cellular localization of opioid receptors and phosphorylation of Erk1/2 in MOP+NOP-expressing cells.
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Paradis JS, Feng X, Murat B, Jefferson RE, Sokrat B, Szpakowska M, Hogue M, Bergkamp ND, Heydenreich FM, Smit MJ, Chevigné A, Bouvier M, Barth P. Computationally designed GPCR quaternary structures bias signaling pathway activation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6826. [PMID: 36369272 PMCID: PMC9652377 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34382-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Communication across membranes controls critical cellular processes and is achieved by receptors translating extracellular signals into selective cytoplasmic responses. While receptor tertiary structures can be readily characterized, receptor associations into quaternary structures are challenging to study and their implications in signal transduction remain poorly understood. Here, we report a computational approach for predicting receptor self-associations, and designing receptor oligomers with various quaternary structures and signaling properties. Using this approach, we designed chemokine receptor CXCR4 dimers with reprogrammed binding interactions, conformations, and abilities to activate distinct intracellular signaling proteins. In agreement with our predictions, the designed CXCR4s dimerized through distinct conformations and displayed different quaternary structural changes upon activation. Consistent with the active state models, all engineered CXCR4 oligomers activated the G protein Gi, but only specific dimer structures also recruited β-arrestins. Overall, we demonstrate that quaternary structures represent an important unforeseen mechanism of receptor biased signaling and reveal the existence of a bias switch at the dimer interface of several G protein-coupled receptors including CXCR4, mu-Opioid and type-2 Vasopressin receptors that selectively control the activation of G proteins vs β-arrestin-mediated pathways. The approach should prove useful for predicting and designing receptor associations to uncover and reprogram selective cellular signaling functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine S Paradis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Xiang Feng
- Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
- Department of Structural Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Brigitte Murat
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Robert E Jefferson
- Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Badr Sokrat
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Martyna Szpakowska
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Immuno-Pharmacology and Interactomics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Mireille Hogue
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Nick D Bergkamp
- Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Franziska M Heydenreich
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Martine J Smit
- Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andy Chevigné
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Immuno-Pharmacology and Interactomics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Michel Bouvier
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada.
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada.
| | - Patrick Barth
- Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland.
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11
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Caniceiro AB, Bueschbell B, Schiedel AC, Moreira IS. Class A and C GPCR Dimers in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:2081-2141. [PMID: 35339177 PMCID: PMC9886835 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x20666220327221830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases affect over 30 million people worldwide with an ascending trend. Most individuals suffering from these irreversible brain damages belong to the elderly population, with onset between 50 and 60 years. Although the pathophysiology of such diseases is partially known, it remains unclear upon which point a disease turns degenerative. Moreover, current therapeutics can treat some of the symptoms but often have severe side effects and become less effective in long-term treatment. For many neurodegenerative diseases, the involvement of G proteincoupled receptors (GPCRs), which are key players of neuronal transmission and plasticity, has become clearer and holds great promise in elucidating their biological mechanism. With this review, we introduce and summarize class A and class C GPCRs, known to form heterodimers or oligomers to increase their signalling repertoire. Additionally, the examples discussed here were shown to display relevant alterations in brain signalling and had already been associated with the pathophysiology of certain neurodegenerative diseases. Lastly, we classified the heterodimers into two categories of crosstalk, positive or negative, for which there is known evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana B. Caniceiro
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; ,These authors contributed equally to this work.
| | - Beatriz Bueschbell
- PhD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Casa Costa Alemão, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal; ,These authors contributed equally to this work.
| | - Anke C. Schiedel
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, D-53121 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Irina S. Moreira
- University of Coimbra, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; ,Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal,Address correspondence to this author at the Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; E-mail:
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12
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Ringuet MT, Furness JB, Furness SGB. G protein-coupled receptor interactions and modification of signalling involving the ghrelin receptor, GHSR1a. J Neuroendocrinol 2022; 34:e13077. [PMID: 34931385 DOI: 10.1111/jne.13077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a (GHSR1a) is intriguing because of its potential as a therapeutic target and its diverse molecular interactions. Initial studies of the receptor focused on the potential therapeutic ability for growth hormone (GH) release to reduce wasting in aging individuals, as well as food intake regulation for treatment of cachexia. Known roles of GHSR1a now extend to regulation of neurogenesis, learning and memory, gastrointestinal motility, glucose/lipid metabolism, the cardiovascular system, neuronal protection, motivational salience, and hedonic feeding. Ghrelin, the endogenous agonist of GHSR1a, is primarily located in the stomach and is absent from the central nervous system (CNS), including the spinal cord. However, ghrelin in the circulation does have access to a small number of CNS sites, including the arcuate nucleus, which is important in feeding control. At some sites, such as at somatotrophs, GHSR1a has high constitutive activity. Typically, ghrelin-dependent and constitutive GHSR1a activation occurs via Gαq/11 pathways. In vitro and in vivo data suggest that GHSR1a heterodimerises with multiple G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), including dopamine D1 and D2, serotonin 2C, orexin, oxytocin and melanocortin 3 receptors (MCR3), as well as the MCR3 accessory protein, MRAP2, providing possible mechanisms for its many physiological effects. In all cases, the receptor interaction changes downstream signalling and the responses to receptor agonists. This review discusses the signalling mechanisms of GHSR1a alone and in combination with other GPCRs, and explores the physiological consequences of GHSR1a coupling with other GPCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell Ty Ringuet
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - John Barton Furness
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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13
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Abstract
G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute the largest and pharmacologically most important family of cell-surface receptors. Some GPCRs interact specifically with receptor-activity-modifying proteins (RAMPs), but the consequences of this interaction for the receptor activation mechanism are not well understood. Using a set of fluorescent biosensors for the parathyroid hormone 1 receptor (PTH1R) and its downstream signaling partners, we show here that RAMP2 induces a unique, preactivated receptor state that shows faster activation and altered downstream signaling. This type of GPCR modulation may open new methods of drug design. Receptor-activity-modifying proteins (RAMPs) are ubiquitously expressed membrane proteins that associate with different G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs), including the parathyroid hormone 1 receptor (PTH1R), a class B GPCR and an important modulator of mineral ion homeostasis and bone metabolism. However, it is unknown whether and how RAMP proteins may affect PTH1R function. Using different optical biosensors to measure the activation of PTH1R and its downstream signaling, we describe here that RAMP2 acts as a specific allosteric modulator of PTH1R, shifting PTH1R to a unique preactivated state that permits faster activation in a ligand-specific manner. Moreover, RAMP2 modulates PTH1R downstream signaling in an agonist-dependent manner, most notably increasing the PTH-mediated Gi3 signaling sensitivity. Additionally, RAMP2 increases both PTH- and PTHrP-triggered β-arrestin2 recruitment to PTH1R. Employing homology modeling, we describe the putative structural molecular basis underlying our functional findings. These data uncover a critical role of RAMPs in the activation and signaling of a GPCR that may provide a new venue for highly specific modulation of GPCR function and advanced drug design.
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14
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Root-Bernstein R. Biased, Bitopic, Opioid-Adrenergic Tethered Compounds May Improve Specificity, Lower Dosage and Enhance Agonist or Antagonist Function with Reduced Risk of Tolerance and Addiction. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:214. [PMID: 35215326 PMCID: PMC8876737 DOI: 10.3390/ph15020214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper proposes the design of combination opioid-adrenergic tethered compounds to enhance efficacy and specificity, lower dosage, increase duration of activity, decrease side effects, and reduce risk of developing tolerance and/or addiction. Combinations of adrenergic and opioid drugs are sometimes used to improve analgesia, decrease opioid doses required to achieve analgesia, and to prolong the duration of analgesia. Recent mechanistic research suggests that these enhanced functions result from an allosteric adrenergic binding site on opioid receptors and, conversely, an allosteric opioid binding site on adrenergic receptors. Dual occupancy of the receptors maintains the receptors in their high affinity, most active states; drops the concentration of ligand required for full activity; and prevents downregulation and internalization of the receptors, thus inhibiting tolerance to the drugs. Activation of both opioid and adrenergic receptors also enhances heterodimerization of the receptors, additionally improving each drug's efficacy. Tethering adrenergic drugs to opioids could produce new drug candidates with highly desirable features. Constraints-such as the locations of the opioid binding sites on adrenergic receptors and adrenergic binding sites on opioid receptors, length of tethers that must govern the design of such novel compounds, and types of tethers-are described and examples of possible structures provided.
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15
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Dale NC, Johnstone EKM, Pfleger KDG. GPCR heteromers: An overview of their classification, function and physiological relevance. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:931573. [PMID: 36111299 PMCID: PMC9468249 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.931573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are capable of interacting to form higher order structures such as homomers and heteromers. Heteromerisation in particular has implications for receptor function, with research showing receptors can attain unique expression, ligand binding, signalling and intracellular trafficking upon heteromerisation. As such, GPCR heteromers represent novel drug targets with extensive therapeutic potential. Changes to ligand affinity, efficacy and G protein coupling have all been described, with alterations to these pharmacological aspects now well accepted as common traits for heteromeric complexes. Changes in internalisation and trafficking kinetics, as well as β-arrestin interactions are also becoming more apparent, however, few studies to date have explicitly looked at the implications these factors have upon the signalling profile of a heteromer. Development of ligands to target GPCR heteromers both experimentally and therapeutically has been mostly concentrated on bivalent ligands due to difficulties in identifying and developing heteromer-specific ligands. Improving our understanding of the pharmacology and physiology of GPCR heteromers will enable further development of heteromer-specific ligands with potential to provide therapeutics with increased efficacy and decreased side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha C. Dale
- Molecular Endocrinology and Pharmacology, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Elizabeth K. M. Johnstone
- Molecular Endocrinology and Pharmacology, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Perth, WA, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- *Correspondence: Kevin D. G. Pfleger, ; Elizabeth K. M. Johnstone,
| | - Kevin D. G. Pfleger
- Molecular Endocrinology and Pharmacology, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Perth, WA, Australia
- Dimerix Limited, Nedlands, Australia
- *Correspondence: Kevin D. G. Pfleger, ; Elizabeth K. M. Johnstone,
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16
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Integration and Spatial Organization of Signaling by G Protein-Coupled Receptor Homo- and Heterodimers. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11121828. [PMID: 34944469 PMCID: PMC8698773 DOI: 10.3390/biom11121828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Information flow from a source to a receiver becomes informative when the recipient can process the signal into a meaningful form. Information exchange and interpretation is essential in biology and understanding how cells integrate signals from a variety of information-coding molecules into complex orchestrated responses is a major challenge for modern cell biology. In complex organisms, cell to cell communication occurs mostly through neurotransmitters and hormones, and receptors are responsible for signal recognition at the membrane level and information transduction inside the cell. The G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest family of membrane receptors, with nearly 800 genes coding for these proteins. The recognition that GPCRs may physically interact with each other has led to the hypothesis that their dimeric state can provide the framework for temporal coincidence in signaling pathways. Furthermore, the formation of GPCRs higher order oligomers provides the structural basis for organizing distinct cell compartments along the plasma membrane where confined increases in second messengers may be perceived and discriminated. Here, we summarize evidence that supports these conjectures, fostering new ideas about the physiological role played by receptor homo- and hetero-oligomerization in cell biology.
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17
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Root-Bernstein R, Churchill B. Co-Evolution of Opioid and Adrenergic Ligands and Receptors: Shared, Complementary Modules Explain Evolution of Functional Interactions and Suggest Novel Engineering Possibilities. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11111217. [PMID: 34833093 PMCID: PMC8623292 DOI: 10.3390/life11111217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cross-talk between opioid and adrenergic receptors is well-characterized and involves second messenger systems, the formation of receptor heterodimers, and the presence of extracellular allosteric binding regions for the complementary ligand; however, the evolutionary origins of these interactions have not been investigated. We propose that opioid and adrenergic ligands and receptors co-evolved from a common set of modular precursors so that they share binding functions. We demonstrate the plausibility of this hypothesis through a review of experimental evidence for molecularly complementary modules and report unexpected homologies between the two receptor types. Briefly, opioids form homodimers also bind adrenergic compounds; opioids bind to conserved extracellular regions of adrenergic receptors while adrenergic compounds bind to conserved extracellular regions of opioid receptors; opioid-like modules appear in both sets of receptors within key ligand-binding regions. Transmembrane regions associated with homodimerization of each class of receptors are also highly conserved across receptor types and implicated in heterodimerization. This conservation of multiple functional modules suggests opioid–adrenergic ligand and receptor co-evolution and provides mechanisms for explaining the evolution of their crosstalk. These modules also suggest the structure of a primordial receptor, providing clues for engineering receptor functions.
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18
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Sun GC, Tse J, Hsu YH, Ho CY, Tseng CJ, Cheng PW. μ-Opioid Receptor-Mediated AT1R-TLR4 Crosstalk Promotes Microglial Activation to Modulate Blood Pressure Control in the Central Nervous System. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111784. [PMID: 34829655 PMCID: PMC8615018 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Opioids, a kind of peptide hormone involved in the development of hypertension, cause systemic and cerebral inflammation, and affects regions of the brain that are important for blood pressure (BP) control. A cause-and-effect relationship exists between hypertension and inflammation; however, the role of blood pressure in cerebral inflammation is not clear. Evidence showed that AT1R and μOR heterodimers’ formation in the NTS might lead to the progression of hypertension. In this study, we investigated the formation of the μOR/AT1R heterodimer, determined its correlation with μORs level in the NTS, and explored the role of TLR4-dependent inflammation in the development of hypertension. Results showed that Ang II increased superoxide and Iba-1 (microgliosis marker: ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule (1) levels in the NTS of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). The AT1R II inhibitor, losartan, significantly decreased BP and abolished superoxide, Iba-1, TLR4 expression induced by Ang II. Furthermore, losartan significantly increased nNsOSS1416 phosphorylation. Administration of a μOR agonist or antagonist in the NTS of WKY and SHRs increased endogenous μ-opioids, triggered the formation of μOR/AT1R heterodimers and the TLR4-dependent inflammatory pathway, and attenuated the effect of depressor nitric oxide (NO). These results imply an important link between neurotoxicity and superoxides wherein abnormal increases in NTS endogenous μ-opioids promote the interaction between Ang II and μOR, the binding of Ang II to AT1R, and the activation of microglia. In addition, the interaction between Ang II and μOR enhanced the formation of the AT1R and μOR heterodimers, and inactivated nNOS-derived NO, leading to the development of progressive hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwo-Ching Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813414, Taiwan;
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (J.T.); (Y.-H.H.)
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813414, Taiwan; (C.-Y.H.); (C.-J.T.)
| | - Jockey Tse
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (J.T.); (Y.-H.H.)
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Ho Hsu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (J.T.); (Y.-H.H.)
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Yi Ho
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813414, Taiwan; (C.-Y.H.); (C.-J.T.)
- Department of Biomedical Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Jiunn Tseng
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813414, Taiwan; (C.-Y.H.); (C.-J.T.)
- Department of Biomedical Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen Cheng
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813414, Taiwan; (C.-Y.H.); (C.-J.T.)
- Department of Biomedical Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-3422121 (ext. 71593); Fax: +886-7-3468056
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19
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Haykin H, Rolls A. The neuroimmune response during stress: A physiological perspective. Immunity 2021; 54:1933-1947. [PMID: 34525336 PMCID: PMC7615352 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Stress is an essential adaptive response that enables the organism to cope with challenges and restore homeostasis. Different stressors require distinctive corrective responses in which immune cells play a critical role. Hence, effects of stress on immunity may vary accordingly. Indeed, epidemiologically, stress can induce either inflammation or immune suppression in an organism. However, in the absence of a conceptual framework, these effects appear chaotic, leading to confusion. Here, we examine how stressor diversity is imbedded in the neuroimmune axis. Stressors differ in the brain patterns they induce, diversifying the neuronal and endocrine mediators dispatched to the periphery and generating a wide range of potential immune effects. Uncovering this complexity and diversity of the immune response to different stressors will allow us to understand the involvement of stress in pathological conditions, identify ways to modulate it, and even harness the therapeutic potential embedded in an adaptive response to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hedva Haykin
- Department of immunology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3525422, Israel
| | - Asya Rolls
- Department of immunology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3525422, Israel.
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20
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Nguyen KDQ, Vigers M, Sefah E, Seppälä S, Hoover JP, Schonenbach NS, Mertz B, O'Malley MA, Han S. Homo-oligomerization of the human adenosine A 2A receptor is driven by the intrinsically disordered C-terminus. eLife 2021; 10:e66662. [PMID: 34269678 PMCID: PMC8328514 DOI: 10.7554/elife.66662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have long been shown to exist as oligomers with functional properties distinct from those of the monomeric counterparts, but the driving factors of oligomerization remain relatively unexplored. Herein, we focus on the human adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR), a model GPCR that forms oligomers both in vitro and in vivo. Combining experimental and computational approaches, we discover that the intrinsically disordered C-terminus of A2AR drives receptor homo-oligomerization. The formation of A2AR oligomers declines progressively with the shortening of the C-terminus. Multiple interaction types are responsible for A2AR oligomerization, including disulfide linkages, hydrogen bonds, electrostatic interactions, and hydrophobic interactions. These interactions are enhanced by depletion interactions, giving rise to a tunable network of bonds that allow A2AR oligomers to adopt multiple interfaces. This study uncovers the disordered C-terminus as a prominent driving factor for the oligomerization of a GPCR, offering important insight into the effect of C-terminus modification on receptor oligomerization of A2AR and other GPCRs reconstituted in vitro for biophysical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khanh Dinh Quoc Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraUnited States
| | - Michael Vigers
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraUnited States
| | - Eric Sefah
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia UniversityMorgantownUnited States
| | - Susanna Seppälä
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraUnited States
| | - Jennifer Paige Hoover
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraUnited States
| | - Nicole Star Schonenbach
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraUnited States
| | - Blake Mertz
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia UniversityMorgantownUnited States
| | - Michelle Ann O'Malley
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraUnited States
| | - Songi Han
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraUnited States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraUnited States
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21
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Pirri F, Akbarabadi A, Sadat-Shirazi MS, Nouri Zadeh-Tehrani S, Mahboubi S, Karimi Goudarzi A, Zarrindast MR. Comparison and interaction of morphine and CB1 agonist conditioned place preference in the rat model of early life stress. Int J Dev Neurosci 2021; 81:238-248. [PMID: 33534920 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Early life stress (ELS) disrupts brain development and subsequently affects physical and psychological health. ELS has been associated with an increased risk of relapse and inadequate treatment response in addicted patients. The current study was designed to find the effect of ELS on the rewarding effect of morphine and cannabinoid and their interaction. Pregnant female Wistar rats were used in this study. On postnatal day 2 (PND2), pups were separated from their mothers for 3 hr daily. This procedure was repeated every day at the same time until PND 14. The control group was kept in the standard nesting way with their mothers. The adult male offspring of maternal separated (MS) and standard nested (SN) rats were used. Using conditioned place preference task (CPP), the rewarding effect of morphine (0.75, 1.25, 2.5, and 5 mg/kg) was evaluated in both MS and SN groups. Besides, the rewarding effect of cannabinoids was investigated using the administration of CB1 receptor agonist (ACPA, 0.25, 0.5, 1 µg/rat) and inverse agonist (AM-251, 30, 60, and 90 ng/rat) in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). To evaluate the interaction between NAc cannabinoidergic system and morphine, the noneffective dose of ACPA and AM-251 were administered with a noneffective dose of morphine (0.75 mg/kg) on both MS and SN animals. Obtained results indicated that MS groups had a leftward shift in the rewarding effect of morphine and conditioned with low doses of morphine. However, they had a rightward shift in the rewarding effect of cannabinoids. In addition, coadministration of noneffective doses of morphine and ACPA potentiate conditioning in both MS and SN groups. Previous evidence shows that ELS induced changes in the brain, especially in the reward circuits. Here, we demonstrated that MS animals are more sensitive to the rewarding effect of morphine compared with SN animals. In addition, ELS disrupts the cannabinoid system and affect the rewarding effect of cannabinoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fardad Pirri
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Alborz, Iran.,Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ardeshir Akbarabadi
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Sarah Mahboubi
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Karimi Goudarzi
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Alborz, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
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22
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Johnstone EKM, See HB, Abhayawardana RS, Song A, Rosengren KJ, Hill SJ, Pfleger KDG. Investigation of Receptor Heteromers Using NanoBRET Ligand Binding. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1082. [PMID: 33499147 PMCID: PMC7866079 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Receptor heteromerization is the formation of a complex involving at least two different receptors with pharmacology that is distinct from that exhibited by its constituent receptor units. Detection of these complexes and monitoring their pharmacology is crucial for understanding how receptors function. The Receptor-Heteromer Investigation Technology (Receptor-HIT) utilizes ligand-dependent modulation of interactions between receptors and specific biomolecules for the detection and profiling of heteromer complexes. Previously, the interacting biomolecules used in Receptor-HIT assays have been intracellular proteins, however in this study we have for the first time used bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) with fluorescently-labeled ligands to investigate heteromerization of receptors on the cell surface. Using the Receptor-HIT ligand binding assay with NanoBRET, we have successfully investigated heteromers between the angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor and the β2 adrenergic receptor (AT1-β2AR heteromer), as well as between the AT1 and angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT1-AT2 heteromer).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth K. M. Johnstone
- Molecular Endocrinology and Pharmacology Group, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia; (H.B.S.); (R.S.A.); (S.J.H.)
- Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Canberra, NSW 2609, Australia
| | - Heng B. See
- Molecular Endocrinology and Pharmacology Group, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia; (H.B.S.); (R.S.A.); (S.J.H.)
- Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Canberra, NSW 2609, Australia
| | - Rekhati S. Abhayawardana
- Molecular Endocrinology and Pharmacology Group, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia; (H.B.S.); (R.S.A.); (S.J.H.)
- Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Canberra, NSW 2609, Australia
| | - Angela Song
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; (A.S.); (K.J.R.)
| | - K. Johan Rosengren
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; (A.S.); (K.J.R.)
| | - Stephen J. Hill
- Molecular Endocrinology and Pharmacology Group, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia; (H.B.S.); (R.S.A.); (S.J.H.)
- Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham Medical School, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Nottingham, Midlands NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Kevin D. G. Pfleger
- Molecular Endocrinology and Pharmacology Group, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia; (H.B.S.); (R.S.A.); (S.J.H.)
- Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Canberra, NSW 2609, Australia
- Dimerix Limited, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
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23
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Zhang P, Bu J, Wu X, Deng L, Chi M, Ma C, Shi X, Wang G. Upregulation of μ-Opioid Receptor in the Rat Spinal Cord Contributes to the α2-Adrenoceptor Agonist Dexmedetomidine-Induced Attenuation of Chronic Morphine Tolerance in Cancer Pain. J Pain Res 2020; 13:2617-2627. [PMID: 33116804 PMCID: PMC7573317 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s274225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sustained morphine treatment for cancer pain has been limited due to analgesic tolerance. Opioid receptor internalization and desensitization mediated by downregulation of mu-opioid receptor (MOR) expression have been confirmed as one of the mechanisms of chronic morphine tolerance. In addition to the opiate system, the α2-adrenergic system is involved in the development of morphine tolerance. Several studies reported that co-administration of α2-adrenoceptor agonist dexmedetomidine inhibits morphine tolerance in normal or neuropathic pain animals. However, the effect of dexmedetomidine on morphine tolerance has not been studied in cancer pain. Therefore, we investigated the effect of intrathecal injection of dexmedetomidine on the development of morphine tolerance in cancer pain and on the expression of MOR in the spinal cord of morphine-tolerant cancer pain rats. Methods The model was established using a rat’s right hind paw injection of Walker 256 cancer cells. Subcutaneous morphine (10mg/kg) was administrated twice daily for 7 days; meanwhile, the rats received intrathecal α2-adrenoceptor agonist dexmedetomidine (10μ/kg) or antagonist MK-467 (0.25mg/kg) in test groups. Rats receiving drug vehicle served as the control group. Antinociception was detected by von Frey filaments and hot-plate tests. The expression of MOR in the spinal cord was examined through real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. The data were analyzed via analysis of variance followed by Student t-test with Bonferroni correction. Results Seven-day chronic morphine administration elicited notable analgesic tolerance in the rats with cancer pain. Co-administration of α2-adrenoceptor agonist dexmedetomidine enhanced morphine analgesia and attenuated morphine tolerance, which could be blocked by α2-adrenoceptor antagonist MK-467. Furthermore, pre-treatment of dexmedetomidine significantly upregulated MOR protein expression without a notable change in MOR mRNA expression in the spinal cord. Conclusion Our findings suggest that intrathecal injection of dexmedetomidine enhanced morphine analgesia and attenuated morphine tolerance in cancer pain, potentially by upregulating MOR expression in the spinal cord. The α2-adrenoceptor agonist may provide a more versatile analgesia option for morphine treatment for cancer pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinyi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianlong Bu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Chi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoding Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Guonian Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
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24
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Tian J, Guo L, Sui S, Driskill C, Phensy A, Wang Q, Gauba E, Zigman JM, Swerdlow RH, Kroener S, Du H. Disrupted hippocampal growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1α interaction with dopamine receptor D1 plays a role in Alzheimer's disease. Sci Transl Med 2020; 11:11/505/eaav6278. [PMID: 31413143 PMCID: PMC6776822 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aav6278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hippocampal lesions are a defining pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the molecular mechanisms that underlie hippocampal synaptic injury in AD have not been fully elucidated. Current therapeutic efforts for AD treatment are not effective in correcting hippocampal synaptic deficits. Growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1α (GHSR1α) is critical for hippocampal synaptic physiology. Here, we report that GHSR1α interaction with β-amyloid (Aβ) suppresses GHSR1α activation, leading to compromised GHSR1α regulation of dopamine receptor D1 (DRD1) in the hippocampus from patients with AD. The simultaneous application of the selective GHSR1α agonist MK0677 with the selective DRD1 agonist SKF81297 rescued Ghsr1α function from Aβ inhibition, mitigating hippocampal synaptic injury and improving spatial memory in an AD mouse model. Our data reveal a mechanism of hippocampal vulnerability in AD and suggest that a combined activation of GHSR1α and DRD1 may be a promising approach for treating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tian
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Lan Guo
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Shaomei Sui
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA.,Department of Neurology, Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Christopher Driskill
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Aarron Phensy
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA.,Department of Neurology, Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Esha Gauba
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Zigman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hypothalamic Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Russell H Swerdlow
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Sven Kroener
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Heng Du
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA.
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25
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Zhang L, Zhang JT, Hang L, Liu T. Mu Opioid Receptor Heterodimers Emerge as Novel Therapeutic Targets: Recent Progress and Future Perspective. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1078. [PMID: 32760281 PMCID: PMC7373791 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Opioids are the most effective analgesics used in the clinical management of cancer pain or non-cancer pain. However, chronic opioids therapy can cause many side effects including respiratory depression, nausea, sedation, itch, constipation, analgesic tolerance, hyperalgesia, high addictive potential, and abuse liability. Opioids exert their effects through binding to the opioid receptors belonging to the G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) family, including mu opioid receptor (MOR), delta opioid receptor (DOR), and kappa opioid receptor (KOR). Among them, MOR is essential for opioid-induced analgesia and also responsible for adverse effects of opioids. Importantly, MOR can form heterodimers with other opioid receptors and non-opioid receptors in vitro and in vivo, and has distinct pharmacological properties, different binding affinities for ligands, downstream signaling, and receptor trafficking. This mini review summarized recent progress on the function of Mu opioid receptor heterodimers, and we proposed that targeting mu opioid receptor heterodimers may represent an opportunity to develop new therapeutics, especially for chronic pain treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Kunshan Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China
| | - Jiang-Tao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lihua Hang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Kunshan Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,College of Life Sciences, Yanan University, Yanan, China
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26
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Möller J, Isbilir A, Sungkaworn T, Osberg B, Karathanasis C, Sunkara V, Grushevskyi EO, Bock A, Annibale P, Heilemann M, Schütte C, Lohse MJ. Single-molecule analysis reveals agonist-specific dimer formation of µ-opioid receptors. Nat Chem Biol 2020; 16:946-954. [PMID: 32541966 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-020-0566-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are key signaling proteins that mostly function as monomers, but for several receptors constitutive dimer formation has been described and in some cases is essential for function. Using single-molecule microscopy combined with super-resolution techniques on intact cells, we describe here a dynamic monomer-dimer equilibrium of µ-opioid receptors (µORs), where dimer formation is driven by specific agonists. The agonist DAMGO, but not morphine, induces dimer formation in a process that correlates both temporally and in its agonist- and phosphorylation-dependence with β-arrestin2 binding to the receptors. This dimerization is independent from, but may precede, µOR internalization. These data suggest a new level of GPCR regulation that links dimer formation to specific agonists and their downstream signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Möller
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ali Isbilir
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Titiwat Sungkaworn
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Samut Prakan, Thailand
| | - Brendan Osberg
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Bioinformatics and Omics Data Science Platform, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christos Karathanasis
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | - Eugene O Grushevskyi
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Bock
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Paolo Annibale
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Mike Heilemann
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christof Schütte
- Zuse Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin J Lohse
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany. .,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany. .,Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany. .,ISAR Bioscience Institute, Munich/Planegg, Germany.
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27
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Perpiñá-Viciano C, Işbilir A, Zarca A, Caspar B, Kilpatrick LE, Hill SJ, Smit MJ, Lohse MJ, Hoffmann C. Kinetic Analysis of the Early Signaling Steps of the Human Chemokine Receptor CXCR4. Mol Pharmacol 2020; 98:72-87. [PMID: 32474443 PMCID: PMC7330677 DOI: 10.1124/mol.119.118448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) are biologic switches that transduce extracellular stimuli into intracellular responses in the cell. Temporally resolving GPCR transduction pathways is key to understanding how cell signaling occurs. Here, we investigate the kinetics and dynamics of the activation and early signaling steps of the CXC chemokine receptor (CXCR) 4 in response to its natural ligands CXC chemokine ligand (CXCL) 12 and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), using Förster resonance energy transfer–based approaches. We show that CXCR4 presents a multifaceted response to CXCL12, with receptor activation (≈0.6 seconds) followed by a rearrangement in the receptor/G protein complex (≈1 seconds), a slower dimer rearrangement (≈1.7 seconds), and prolonged G protein activation (≈4 seconds). In comparison, MIF distinctly modulates every step of the transduction pathway, indicating distinct activation mechanisms and reflecting the different pharmacological properties of these two ligands. Our study also indicates that CXCR4 exhibits some degree of ligand-independent activity, a relevant feature for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Perpiñá-Viciano
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB), University Hospital Jena, University of Jena, Jena, Germany (C.P.-V., C.H.); Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (C.P.-V., A.I., M.J.L., C.H.); Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (A.I., M.J.L.); Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (A.Z., M.J.S.); Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom (B.C., L.E.K., S.J.H.); and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, United Kingdom (B.C., L.E.K., S.J.H.)
| | - Ali Işbilir
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB), University Hospital Jena, University of Jena, Jena, Germany (C.P.-V., C.H.); Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (C.P.-V., A.I., M.J.L., C.H.); Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (A.I., M.J.L.); Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (A.Z., M.J.S.); Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom (B.C., L.E.K., S.J.H.); and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, United Kingdom (B.C., L.E.K., S.J.H.)
| | - Aurélien Zarca
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB), University Hospital Jena, University of Jena, Jena, Germany (C.P.-V., C.H.); Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (C.P.-V., A.I., M.J.L., C.H.); Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (A.I., M.J.L.); Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (A.Z., M.J.S.); Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom (B.C., L.E.K., S.J.H.); and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, United Kingdom (B.C., L.E.K., S.J.H.)
| | - Birgit Caspar
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB), University Hospital Jena, University of Jena, Jena, Germany (C.P.-V., C.H.); Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (C.P.-V., A.I., M.J.L., C.H.); Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (A.I., M.J.L.); Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (A.Z., M.J.S.); Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom (B.C., L.E.K., S.J.H.); and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, United Kingdom (B.C., L.E.K., S.J.H.)
| | - Laura E Kilpatrick
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB), University Hospital Jena, University of Jena, Jena, Germany (C.P.-V., C.H.); Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (C.P.-V., A.I., M.J.L., C.H.); Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (A.I., M.J.L.); Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (A.Z., M.J.S.); Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom (B.C., L.E.K., S.J.H.); and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, United Kingdom (B.C., L.E.K., S.J.H.)
| | - Stephen J Hill
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB), University Hospital Jena, University of Jena, Jena, Germany (C.P.-V., C.H.); Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (C.P.-V., A.I., M.J.L., C.H.); Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (A.I., M.J.L.); Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (A.Z., M.J.S.); Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom (B.C., L.E.K., S.J.H.); and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, United Kingdom (B.C., L.E.K., S.J.H.)
| | - Martine J Smit
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB), University Hospital Jena, University of Jena, Jena, Germany (C.P.-V., C.H.); Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (C.P.-V., A.I., M.J.L., C.H.); Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (A.I., M.J.L.); Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (A.Z., M.J.S.); Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom (B.C., L.E.K., S.J.H.); and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, United Kingdom (B.C., L.E.K., S.J.H.)
| | - Martin J Lohse
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB), University Hospital Jena, University of Jena, Jena, Germany (C.P.-V., C.H.); Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (C.P.-V., A.I., M.J.L., C.H.); Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (A.I., M.J.L.); Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (A.Z., M.J.S.); Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom (B.C., L.E.K., S.J.H.); and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, United Kingdom (B.C., L.E.K., S.J.H.)
| | - Carsten Hoffmann
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB), University Hospital Jena, University of Jena, Jena, Germany (C.P.-V., C.H.); Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (C.P.-V., A.I., M.J.L., C.H.); Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (A.I., M.J.L.); Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (A.Z., M.J.S.); Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom (B.C., L.E.K., S.J.H.); and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, United Kingdom (B.C., L.E.K., S.J.H.)
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Nakhaee S, Brent J, Hoyte C, Farrokhfall K, Shirazi FM, Askari M, Mehrpour O. The effect of tramadol on blood glucose concentrations: a systematic review. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2020; 13:531-543. [PMID: 32295441 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2020.1756773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Studies comprehensively summarizing the impact of tramadol use on glucose homeostasis are very sparse. Thus, the present study was performed to collect and summarize the latest information about this issue in a systematic way. AREAS COVERED An exhaustive literature search was carried out using relevant keywords. Web of Sciences, PubMed, Scopus, and Google scholar were interrogated until 30 June 2019. Case-control, cohort, cross-sectional, clinical trial, case report, and animal studies that focused on the objective of the study were retrieved. This review summarizes the results of 761 papers on glycemic changes due to tramadol exposure. Thirty-six publications reported hypoglycemia and 17 hyperglycemia during tramadol use. Twenty-two studies either reported normal blood glucose concentrations, or did not observe any difference in the blood glucose levels following tramadol use. Finally, hypoglycemia was reported in diabetic individuals exposed to tramadol in 12 studies. EXPERT OPINION The data suggest that primarily hypoglycemia but some degree of hyperglycemia has been reported with tramadol use. Importantly, all studies on tramadol use in diabetes reported hypoglycemia. Tramadol-induced hypoglycemia may be severe in some cases. The risk of alterations in glucose homeostasis accompanying tramadol exposure indicates time importance of careful blood glucose monitoring during tramadol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Nakhaee
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences (BUMS) , Birjand, Iran
| | - Jeffrey Brent
- School of Medicine, University of Colorado , Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Khadijeh Farrokhfall
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences (BUMS) , Birjand, Iran
| | - Farshad M Shirazi
- Arizona Poison & Drug Information Center, the University of Arizona, college of pharmacy and university of Arizona, college of medicine , Tucson, Arizona, USA.,Department of Medical toxicology, Rocky Mountain Poison and Drug Safety , Denver, CO, USA
| | - Masoumeh Askari
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences (BUMS) , Birjand, Iran
| | - Omid Mehrpour
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences (BUMS) , Birjand, Iran.,Department of Medical toxicology, Rocky Mountain Poison and Drug Safety , Denver, CO, USA
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Yarur HE, González MP, Verbel‐Vergara D, Andrés ME, Gysling K. Cross‐talk between dopamine D1 and corticotropin releasing factor type 2 receptors leads to occlusion of their ERK1/2 signaling. J Neurochem 2020; 155:264-273. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hector E. Yarur
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology Faculty of Biological Sciences Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Santiago Chile
| | - Marcela P. González
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology Faculty of Biological Sciences Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Santiago Chile
| | - Daniel Verbel‐Vergara
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology Faculty of Biological Sciences Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Santiago Chile
| | - María E. Andrés
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology Faculty of Biological Sciences Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Santiago Chile
| | - Katia Gysling
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology Faculty of Biological Sciences Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Santiago Chile
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30
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Laboute T, Gandía J, Pellissier LP, Corde Y, Rebeillard F, Gallo M, Gauthier C, Léauté A, Diaz J, Poupon A, Kieffer BL, Le Merrer J, Becker JA. The orphan receptor GPR88 blunts the signaling of opioid receptors and multiple striatal GPCRs. eLife 2020; 9:50519. [PMID: 32003745 PMCID: PMC7012601 DOI: 10.7554/elife.50519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
GPR88 is an orphan G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) considered as a promising therapeutic target for neuropsychiatric disorders; its pharmacology, however, remains scarcely understood. Based on our previous report of increased delta opioid receptor activity in Gpr88 null mice, we investigated the impact of GPR88 co-expression on the signaling of opioid receptors in vitro and revealed that GPR88 inhibits the activation of both their G protein- and β-arrestin-dependent signaling pathways. In Gpr88 knockout mice, morphine-induced locomotor sensitization, withdrawal and supra-spinal analgesia were facilitated, consistent with a tonic inhibitory action of GPR88 on µOR signaling. We then explored GPR88 interactions with more striatal versus non-neuronal GPCRs, and revealed that GPR88 can decrease the G protein-dependent signaling of most receptors in close proximity, but impedes β-arrestin recruitment by all receptors tested. Our study unravels an unsuspected buffering role of GPR88 expression on GPCR signaling, with intriguing consequences for opioid and striatal functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaut Laboute
- Deficits of Reward GPCRs and Sociability, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRA UMR-0085, CNRS UMR-7247, Université de Tours, Inserm, Nouzilly, France
| | - Jorge Gandía
- Deficits of Reward GPCRs and Sociability, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRA UMR-0085, CNRS UMR-7247, Université de Tours, Inserm, Nouzilly, France
| | - Lucie P Pellissier
- Deficits of Reward GPCRs and Sociability, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRA UMR-0085, CNRS UMR-7247, Université de Tours, Inserm, Nouzilly, France.,Biology and Bioinformatics of Signalling Systems, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRA UMR-0085, CNRS UMR-7247, Université de Tours, Nouzilly, France
| | - Yannick Corde
- Deficits of Reward GPCRs and Sociability, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRA UMR-0085, CNRS UMR-7247, Université de Tours, Inserm, Nouzilly, France
| | - Florian Rebeillard
- Cellular Biology and Molecular Pharmacology of central Receptors, Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Inserm UMR_S894 - Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Maria Gallo
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christophe Gauthier
- Biology and Bioinformatics of Signalling Systems, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRA UMR-0085, CNRS UMR-7247, Université de Tours, Nouzilly, France
| | - Audrey Léauté
- Deficits of Reward GPCRs and Sociability, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRA UMR-0085, CNRS UMR-7247, Université de Tours, Inserm, Nouzilly, France
| | - Jorge Diaz
- Cellular Biology and Molecular Pharmacology of central Receptors, Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Inserm UMR_S894 - Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Anne Poupon
- Biology and Bioinformatics of Signalling Systems, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRA UMR-0085, CNRS UMR-7247, Université de Tours, Nouzilly, France
| | - Brigitte L Kieffer
- Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 7104, Inserm U1258, Université de Strasbourg, 1 rue Laurent Fries, Illkirch, France
| | - Julie Le Merrer
- Deficits of Reward GPCRs and Sociability, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRA UMR-0085, CNRS UMR-7247, Université de Tours, Inserm, Nouzilly, France.,Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 7104, Inserm U1258, Université de Strasbourg, 1 rue Laurent Fries, Illkirch, France
| | - Jérôme Aj Becker
- Deficits of Reward GPCRs and Sociability, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRA UMR-0085, CNRS UMR-7247, Université de Tours, Inserm, Nouzilly, France.,Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 7104, Inserm U1258, Université de Strasbourg, 1 rue Laurent Fries, Illkirch, France
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31
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Rogers TJ. Bidirectional Regulation of Opioid and Chemokine Function. Front Immunol 2020; 11:94. [PMID: 32076421 PMCID: PMC7006827 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The opioid family of GPCRs consists of the classical opioid receptors, designated μ-, κ-, and δ-opioid receptors, and the orphanin-FQ receptor, and these proteins are expressed on both neuronal and hematopoietic cells. A number of laboratories have reported that an important degree of cross-talk can occur between the opioid receptors and the chemokine and chemokine receptor families. As a part of this, the opioid receptors are known to regulate the expression of certain chemokines and chemokine receptors, including those that possess strong pro-inflammatory activity. At the level of receptor function, it is clear that certain members of the chemokine family can mediate cross-desensitization of the opioid receptors. Conversely, the opioid receptors are all able to induce heterologous desensitization of some of the chemokine receptors. Consequently, activation of one or more of the opioid receptors can selectively cross-desensitize chemokine receptors and regulate chemokine function. These cross-talk processes have significant implications for the inflammatory response, since the regulation of both the recruitment of inflammatory cells, as well as the sensation of pain, can be controlled in this way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Rogers
- Center for Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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32
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Thal LB, Kovtun O, Rosenthal SJ. Labeling Neuronal Proteins with Quantum Dots for Single-Molecule Imaging. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2135:169-177. [PMID: 32246334 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0463-2_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Single-molecule imaging has illuminated dynamics and kinetics of neuronal proteins in their native membranes helping us understand their effective roles in the brain. Here, we describe how nanometer-sized fluorescent semiconductors called quantum dots (QD) can be used to label neuronal proteins in a single QD imaging format. We detail two generalizable protocols accompanied by experimental considerations giving the user options in approach tailored to the materials and equipment available. These protocols can be modified for experiments to verify target specificity, as well as single molecule analysis such as single particle tracking and protein clustering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas B Thal
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Oleg Kovtun
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sandra J Rosenthal
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
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33
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Botta J, Appelhans J, McCormick PJ. Continuing challenges in targeting oligomeric GPCR-based drugs. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2020; 169:213-245. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2019.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Angiotensin II inhibits DDAH1-nNOS signaling via AT1R and μOR dimerization to modulate blood pressure control in the central nervous system. Clin Sci (Lond) 2019; 133:2401-2413. [PMID: 31755934 DOI: 10.1042/cs20191005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are important drug targets. Blocking angiotensin II (Ang II) type 1 receptor signaling alleviates hypertension and improves outcomes in patients with heart failure. Changes in structure and trafficking of GPCR, and desensitization of GPCR signaling induce pathophysiological processes. We investigated whether Ang II, via induction of AT1R and μ-opioid receptor (μOR) dimerization in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), leads to progressive hypertension. Ang II signaling increased μOR and adrenergic receptor α2A (α2A-AR) heterodimer levels and decreased expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2T202/Y204, ribosomal protein S6 kinaseT359/S363, and nNOSS1416 phosphorylation. Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 1 (DDAH1) expression was abolished in the NTS of adult spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Endomorphin-2 was overexpressed in NTS of adult SHRs compared with that in 6-week-old Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY). Administration of μOR agonist into the NTS of WKY increased blood pressure (BP), decreased nitric oxide (NO) production, and decreased DDAH1 activity. μOR agonist significantly reduced the activity of DDAH1 and decreased neuronal NO synthase (nNOS) phosphorylation. The AT1R II inhibitor, losartan, significantly decreased BP and abolished AT1R-induced formation of AT1R and μOR, and α2A-AR and μOR, heterodimers. Losartan also significantly increased the levels of nNOSS1416 phosphorylation and DDAH1 expression. These results show that Ang II may induce expression of endomorphin-2 and abolished DDAH1 activity by enhancing the formation of AT1R and μOR heterodimers in the NTS, leading to progressive hypertension.
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35
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Erol I, Cosut B, Durdagi S. Toward Understanding the Impact of Dimerization Interfaces in Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor. J Chem Inf Model 2019; 59:4314-4327. [PMID: 31429557 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.9b00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) is a prototypical class A G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that has an important role in cardiovascular pathologies and blood pressure regulation as well as in the central nervous system. GPCRs may exist and function as monomers; however, they can assemble to form higher order structures, and as a result of oligomerization, their function and signaling profiles can be altered. In the case of AT1R, the classical Gαq/11 pathway is initiated with endogenous agonist angiotensin II binding. A variety of cardiovascular pathologies such as heart failure, diabetic nephropathy, atherosclerosis, and hypertension are associated with this pathway. Recent findings reveal that AT1R can form homodimers and activate the noncanonical (β-arrestin-mediated) pathway. Nevertheless, the exact dimerization interface and atomic details of AT1R homodimerization have not been still elucidated. Here, six different symmetrical dimer interfaces of AT1R are considered, and homodimers were constructed using other published GPCR crystal dimer interfaces as template structures. These AT1R homodimers were then inserted into the model membrane bilayers and subjected to all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. Our simulation results along with the principal component analysis and water pathway analysis suggest four different interfaces as the most plausible: symmetrical transmembrane (TM)1,2,8; TM5; TM4; and TM4,5 AT1R dimer interfaces that consist of one inactive and one active protomer. Moreover, we identified ILE2386.33 as a hub residue in the stabilization of the inactive state of AT1R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Erol
- Department of Chemistry , Gebze Technical University , Gebze 41400 , Kocaeli , Turkey
| | - Bunyemin Cosut
- Department of Chemistry , Gebze Technical University , Gebze 41400 , Kocaeli , Turkey
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36
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Root-Bernstein R, Churchill B, Turke M, Subhramanyam UKT, Labahn J. Mutual Enhancement of Opioid and Adrenergic Receptors by Combinations of Opioids and Adrenergic Ligands Is Reflected in Molecular Complementarity of Ligands: Drug Development Possibilities. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174137. [PMID: 31450631 PMCID: PMC6747318 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Crosstalk between opioid and adrenergic receptors is well characterized and due to interactions between second messenger systems, formation of receptor heterodimers, and extracellular allosteric binding regions. Both classes of receptors bind both sets of ligands. We propose here that receptor crosstalk may be mirrored in ligand complementarity. We demonstrate that opioids bind to adrenergic compounds with micromolar affinities. Additionally, adrenergic compounds bind with micromolar affinities to extracellular loops of opioid receptors while opioids bind to extracellular loops of adrenergic receptors. Thus, each compound type can bind to the complementary receptor, enhancing the activity of the other compound type through an allosteric mechanism. Screening for ligand complementarity may permit the identification of other mutually-enhancing sets of compounds as well as the design of novel combination drugs or tethered compounds with improved duration and specificity of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Root-Bernstein
- Department of Physiology, 567 Wilson Road, Room 2201 Biomedical and Physical Sciences Building, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
| | - Beth Churchill
- Department of Physiology, 567 Wilson Road, Room 2201 Biomedical and Physical Sciences Building, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Miah Turke
- Department of Physiology, 567 Wilson Road, Room 2201 Biomedical and Physical Sciences Building, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Udaya K Tiruttani Subhramanyam
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology (CSSB), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, ICS-6, 52425 Juelich, Germany
| | - Joerg Labahn
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology (CSSB), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, ICS-6, 52425 Juelich, Germany
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37
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Pin JP, Kniazeff J, Prézeau L, Liu JF, Rondard P. GPCR interaction as a possible way for allosteric control between receptors. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 486:89-95. [PMID: 30849406 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
For more than twenty years now, GPCR dimers and larger oligomers have been the subject of intense debates. Evidence for a role of such complexes in receptor trafficking to and from the plasma membrane have been provided. However, one main issue is of course to determine whether or not such a phenomenon can be responsible for an allosteric and reciprocal control (allosteric control) of the subunits. Such a possibility would indeed add to the possible ways a cell integrates various signals targeting GPCRs. Among the large GPCR family, the class C receptors that include mGlu and GABAB receptors, represent excellent models to examine such a possibility as they are mandatory dimers. In the present review, we will report on the observed allosteric interaction between the subunits of class C GPCRs, both mGluRs and GABABRs, and on the structural bases of these interactions. We will then discuss these findings for other GPCR types such as the rhodopsin-like class A receptors. We will show that many of the observations made with class C receptors have also been reported with class A receptors, suggesting that the mechanisms involved in the allosteric control between subunits in GPCR dimers may not be unique to class C GPCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Philippe Pin
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France.
| | - Julie Kniazeff
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Prézeau
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Jiang-Feng Liu
- Cellular Signaling Laboratory, International Research Center for Sensory Biology and Technology of MOST, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of MOE, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Philippe Rondard
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
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Sleno R, Hébert TE. Shaky ground - The nature of metastable GPCR signalling complexes. Neuropharmacology 2019; 152:4-14. [PMID: 30659839 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
How G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) interact with one another remains an area of active investigation. Obligate dimers of class C GPCRs such as metabotropic GABA and glutamate receptors are well accepted, although whether this is a general feature of other GPCRs is still strongly debated. In this review, we focus on the idea that GPCR dimers and oligomers are better imagined as parts of larger metastable signalling complexes. We discuss the nature of functional oligomeric entities, their stabilities and kinetic features and how structural and functional asymmetries of such metastable entities might have implications for drug discovery. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Receptor heteromers and their allosteric receptor-receptor interactions'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rory Sleno
- Marketed Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Bureau, Marketed Health Products Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Canada
| | - Terence E Hébert
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Canada.
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Associations of catechol-O-methyltransferase (rs4680) single nucleotide polymorphisms with opioid use and dose among adults with chronic pain. Pain 2018; 160:263-268. [DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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40
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Molecular details of dimerization kinetics reveal negligible populations of transient µ-opioid receptor homodimers at physiological concentrations. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7705. [PMID: 29769636 PMCID: PMC5955887 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26070-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Various experimental and computational techniques have been employed over the past decade to provide structural and thermodynamic insights into G Protein-Coupled Receptor (GPCR) dimerization. Here, we use multiple microsecond-long, coarse-grained, biased and unbiased molecular dynamics simulations (a total of ~4 milliseconds) combined with multi-ensemble Markov state models to elucidate the kinetics of homodimerization of a prototypic GPCR, the µ-opioid receptor (MOR), embedded in a 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC)/cholesterol lipid bilayer. Analysis of these computations identifies kinetically distinct macrostates comprising several different short-lived dimeric configurations of either inactive or activated MOR. Calculated kinetic rates and fractions of dimers at different MOR concentrations suggest a negligible population of MOR homodimers at physiological concentrations, which is supported by acceptor photobleaching fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) experiments. This study provides a rigorous, quantitative explanation for some conflicting experimental data on GPCR oligomerization.
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Sleno R, Hébert TE. The Dynamics of GPCR Oligomerization and Their Functional Consequences. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 338:141-171. [PMID: 29699691 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The functional importance of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) oligomerization remains controversial. Although obligate dimers of class C GPCRs are well accepted, the generalizability of this phenomenon is still strongly debated with respect to other classes of GPCRs. In this review, we focus on understanding the organization and dynamics between receptor equivalents and their signaling partners in oligomeric receptor complexes, with a view toward integrating disparate viewpoints into a unified understanding. We discuss the nature of functional oligomeric entities, and how asymmetries in receptor structure and function created by oligomers might have implications for receptor function as allosteric machines and for future drug discovery.
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Adrenergic Agonists Bind to Adrenergic-Receptor-Like Regions of the Mu Opioid Receptor, Enhancing Morphine and Methionine-Enkephalin Binding: A New Approach to "Biased Opioids"? Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19010272. [PMID: 29342106 PMCID: PMC5796218 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive evidence demonstrates functional interactions between the adrenergic and opioid systems in a diversity of tissues and organs. While some effects are due to receptor and second messenger cross-talk, recent research has revealed an extracellular, allosteric opioid binding site on adrenergic receptors that enhances adrenergic activity and its duration. The present research addresses whether opioid receptors may have an equivalent extracellular, allosteric adrenergic binding site that has similar enhancing effects on opioid binding. Comparison of adrenergic and opioid receptor sequences revealed that these receptors share very significant regions of similarity, particularly in some of the extracellular and transmembrane regions associated with adrenergic binding in the adrenergic receptors. Five of these shared regions from the mu opioid receptor (muOPR) were synthesized as peptides and tested for binding to adrenergic, opioid and control compounds using ultraviolet spectroscopy. Adrenergic compounds bound to several of these muOPR peptides with low micromolar affinity while acetylcholine, histamine and various adrenergic antagonists did not. Similar studies were then conducted with purified, intact muOPR with similar results. Combinations of epinephrine with methionine enkephalin or morphine increased the binding of both by about half a log unit. These results suggest that muOPR may be allosterically enhanced by adrenergic agonists.
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44
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Wang L, Yuan Y, Chen X, Chen J, Guo Y, Li M, Li C, Pu X. Probing the cooperative mechanism of the μ–δ opioid receptor heterodimer by multiscale simulation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:29969-29982. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp06652c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The activation-cooperativity of the μ–δ opioid receptor heterodimer was probed by multiscale simulation coupled with a protein structure network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longrong Wang
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- College of Management
- Southwest University for Nationalities
- Chengdu 610041
- P. R. China
| | - Xin Chen
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangfan Chen
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yanzhi Guo
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- People's Republic of China
| | - Menglong Li
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan Li
- College of Computer Science
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- P. R. China
| | - Xuemei Pu
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- People's Republic of China
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45
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Kauk M, Hoffmann C. Intramolecular and Intermolecular FRET Sensors for GPCRs - Monitoring Conformational Changes and Beyond. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2017; 39:123-135. [PMID: 29180026 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Within the past decade, a large increase in structural knowledge from crystallographic studies has significantly fostered our understanding of the structural biology of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). However, information on dynamic events upon receptor activation or deactivation is not yet readily accessed by these structural approaches. GPCR-based fluorescence resonance energy transfer or bioluminescence resonance energy transfer sensors or sensors for interacting proteins (e.g., G proteins or arrestins) can in part cover this gap. The principal design of such sensors was reported 15 years ago. Since then, sensors for almost 20 different GPCRs have been designed. If used with necessary controls and cautious interpretation, such sensors can contribute significantly to our understanding of the basic mechanisms of GPCR function and beyond. In this review, we will discuss the recent developments in this area of GPCR dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Kauk
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher Straße 9, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Carsten Hoffmann
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher Straße 9, 97078 Würzburg, Germany; Institut für Molekulare Zellbiologie, CMB - Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Hans-Knöll Straße 2, D-07745 Jena, Germany.
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46
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Carey M, Gospin R, Goyal A, Tomuta N, Sandu O, Mbanya A, Lontchi-Yimagou E, Hulkower R, Shamoon H, Gabriely I, Hawkins M. Opioid Receptor Activation Impairs Hypoglycemic Counterregulation in Humans. Diabetes 2017; 66:2764-2773. [PMID: 28860128 PMCID: PMC5652610 DOI: 10.2337/db16-1478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Although intensive glycemic control improves outcomes in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), iatrogenic hypoglycemia limits its attainment. Recurrent and/or antecedent hypoglycemia causes blunting of protective counterregulatory responses, known as hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure (HAAF). To determine whether and how opioid receptor activation induces HAAF in humans, 12 healthy subjects without diabetes (7 men, age 32.3 ± 2.2 years, BMI 25.1 ± 1.0 kg/m2) participated in two study protocols in random order over two consecutive days. On day 1, subjects received two 120-min infusions of either saline or morphine (0.1 μg/kg/min), separated by a 120-min break (all euglycemic). On day 2, subjects underwent stepped hypoglycemic clamps (nadir 60 mg/dL) with evaluation of counterregulatory hormonal responses, endogenous glucose production (EGP, using 6,6-D2-glucose), and hypoglycemic symptoms. Morphine induced an ∼30% reduction in plasma epinephrine response together with reduced EGP and hypoglycemia-associated symptoms on day 2. Therefore, we report the first studies in humans demonstrating that pharmacologic opioid receptor activation induces some of the clinical and biochemical features of HAAF, thus elucidating the individual roles of various receptors involved in HAAF's development and suggesting novel pharmacologic approaches for safer intensive glycemic control in T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Carey
- Diabetes Research and Training Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD
| | - Rebekah Gospin
- Diabetes Research and Training Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Akankasha Goyal
- Diabetes Research and Training Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Nora Tomuta
- Diabetes Research and Training Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Oana Sandu
- Diabetes Research and Training Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Armand Mbanya
- Diabetes Research and Training Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Eric Lontchi-Yimagou
- Diabetes Research and Training Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Raphael Hulkower
- Diabetes Research and Training Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Harry Shamoon
- Diabetes Research and Training Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Ilan Gabriely
- Diabetes Research and Training Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Meredith Hawkins
- Diabetes Research and Training Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
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47
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Liu J, Zhang Z, Moreno-Delgado D, Dalton JA, Rovira X, Trapero A, Goudet C, Llebaria A, Giraldo J, Yuan Q, Rondard P, Huang S, Liu J, Pin JP. Allosteric control of an asymmetric transduction in a G protein-coupled receptor heterodimer. eLife 2017; 6:26985. [PMID: 28829739 PMCID: PMC5582870 DOI: 10.7554/elife.26985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
GPCRs play critical roles in cell communication. Although GPCRs can form heteromers, their role in signaling remains elusive. Here we used rat metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors as prototypical dimers to study the functional interaction between each subunit. mGluRs can form both constitutive homo- and heterodimers. Whereas both mGlu2 and mGlu4 couple to G proteins, G protein activation is mediated by mGlu4 heptahelical domain (HD) exclusively in mGlu2-4 heterodimers. Such asymmetric transduction results from the action of both the dimeric extracellular domain, and an allosteric activation by the partially-activated non-functional mGlu2 HD. G proteins activation by mGlu2 HD occurs if either the mGlu2 HD is occupied by a positive allosteric modulator or if mGlu4 HD is inhibited by a negative modulator. These data revealed an oriented asymmetry in mGlu heterodimers that can be controlled with allosteric modulators. They provide new insight on the allosteric interaction between subunits in a GPCR dimer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junke Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zongyong Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - David Moreno-Delgado
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - James Ar Dalton
- Institut de Neurociències and Unitat de Bioestadística, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Network Biomedical Research Center on Mental Health, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Rovira
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Ana Trapero
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Synthesis, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cyril Goudet
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Amadeu Llebaria
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Synthesis, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Giraldo
- Institut de Neurociències and Unitat de Bioestadística, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Network Biomedical Research Center on Mental Health, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Qilin Yuan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Philippe Rondard
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Siluo Huang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jean-Philippe Pin
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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48
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Bidirectional allosteric interactions between cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB 1) and dopamine receptor 2 long (D 2L) heterotetramers. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 813:66-83. [PMID: 28734930 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 cannabinoid (CB1) and dopamine 2 long form (D2L) receptors can physically interact to form heteromers that display unique pharmacology in vitro compared to homomeric complexes. Co-expression of CB1 and D2L and co-application of CB1 and D2 agonists increases cAMP levels while administration of either agonist alone decreases cAMP levels. To understand the observed co-agonist response, our first goal of the current study was to define the stoichiometry of CB1/D2L/Gα protein complexes. Using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer 2 (BRET2), we confirmed that, CB1 homodimers, D2L homodimers, and CB1/D2L heteromers are formed. By using sequential resonance energy transfer 2 (SRET2) combined with bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC), we were able to demonstrate that CB1/D2L form heterotetramers consisting of CB1 and D2L homodimers. We demonstrated that CB1/D2L heterotetramers are coupled to at least two Gα proteins. The second aim of the study was to investigate allosteric effects of a D2L agonist (quinpirole) on CB1 receptor function and to investigate the effects of a CB1 agonist [arachidonyl-2-chloroethylamide (ACEA)] on D2L receptor function within CB1/D2L heterotetramers. Treating cells co-expressing CB1 and D2L with both ACEA and quinpirole switched CB1 and D2L receptor coupling and signaling from Gαi to Gαs proteins, enhanced β-arrestin1 recruitment and receptor co-internalization. The concept of bidirectional allosteric interaction within CB1/D2 heterotetramers has important implications for understanding the activity of receptor complexes in native tissues and under pathological conditions.
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49
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Preeclampsia and the brain: neural control of cardiovascular changes during pregnancy and neurological outcomes of preeclampsia. Clin Sci (Lond) 2017; 130:1417-34. [PMID: 27389588 DOI: 10.1042/cs20160108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a form of gestational hypertension that complicates ∼5% of pregnancies worldwide. Over 70% of the fatal cases of PE are attributed to cerebral oedema, intracranial haemorrhage and eclampsia. The aetiology of PE originates from abnormal remodelling of the maternal spiral arteries, creating an ischaemic placenta that releases factors that drive the pathophysiology. An initial neurological outcome of PE is the absence of the autonomically regulated cardiovascular adaptations to pregnancy. PE patients exhibit sympathetic overactivation, in comparison with both normotensive pregnant and hypertensive non-pregnant females. Moreover, PE diminishes baroreceptor reflex sensitivity (BRS) beyond that observed in healthy pregnancy. The absence of the cardiovascular adaptations to pregnancy, combined with sympathovagal imbalance and a blunted BRS leads to life-threatening neurological outcomes. Behaviourally, the increased incidences of maternal depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in PE are correlated to low fetal birth weight, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and premature birth. This review addresses these neurological consequences of PE that present in the gravid female both during and after the index pregnancy.
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50
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Sleno R, Devost D, Pétrin D, Zhang A, Bourque K, Shinjo Y, Aoki J, Inoue A, Hébert TE. Conformational biosensors reveal allosteric interactions between heterodimeric AT1 angiotensin and prostaglandin F2α receptors. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:12139-12152. [PMID: 28584054 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.793877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are conformationally dynamic proteins transmitting ligand-encoded signals in multiple ways. This transmission is highly complex and achieved through induction of distinct GPCR conformations, which preferentially drive specific receptor-mediated signaling events. This conformational capacity can be further enlarged via allosteric effects between dimers, warranting further study of these effects. Using GPCR conformation-sensitive biosensors, we investigated allosterically induced conformational changes in the recently reported F prostanoid (FP)/angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) heterodimer. Ligand occupancy of the AT1R induced distinct conformational changes in FP compared with those driven by PGF2α in bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET)-based FP biosensors engineered with Renilla luciferase (RLuc) as an energy donor in the C-tail and fluorescein arsenical hairpin binder (FlAsH)-labeled acceptors at different positions in the intracellular loops. We also found that this allosteric communication is mediated through Gαq and may also involve proximal (phospholipase C) but not distal (protein kinase C) signaling partners. Interestingly, β-arrestin-biased AT1R agonists could also transmit a Gαq-dependent signal to FP without activation of downstream Gαq signaling. This transmission of information was specific to the AT1R/FP complex, as activation of Gαq by the oxytocin receptor did not recapitulate the same phenomenon. Finally, information flow was asymmetric in the sense that FP activation had negligible effects on AT1R-based conformational biosensors. The identification of partner-induced GPCR conformations may help identify novel allosteric effects when investigating multiprotein receptor signaling complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rory Sleno
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Dominic Devost
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Darlaine Pétrin
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Alice Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Kyla Bourque
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Yuji Shinjo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Junken Aoki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Asuka Inoue
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan; Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Terence E Hébert
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1Y6, Canada.
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