1
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Zeng Y, Hu CH, Li YZ, Zhou JS, Wang SX, Liu MD, Qiu ZH, Deng C, Ma F, Xia CF, Liang F, Peng YR, Liang AX, Shi SH, Yao SJ, Liu JQ, Xiao WJ, Lin XQ, Tian XY, Zhang YZ, Tian ZY, Zou JA, Li YS, Xiao CY, Xu T, Zhang XJ, Wang XP, Liu XL, Wu F. Association between pretreatment emotional distress and immune checkpoint inhibitor response in non-small-cell lung cancer. Nat Med 2024; 30:1680-1688. [PMID: 38740994 PMCID: PMC11186781 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-024-02929-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Emotional distress (ED), commonly characterized by symptoms of depression and/or anxiety, is prevalent in patients with cancer. Preclinical studies suggest that ED can impair antitumor immune responses, but few clinical studies have explored its relationship with response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Here we report results from cohort 1 of the prospective observational STRESS-LUNG study, which investigated the association between ED and clinical efficacy of first-line treatment of ICIs in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. ED was assessed by Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale. The study included 227 patients with 111 (48.9%) exhibiting ED who presented depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score ≥5) and/or anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item score ≥5) symptoms at baseline. On the primary endpoint analysis, patients with baseline ED exhibited a significantly shorter median progression-free survival compared with those without ED (7.9 months versus 15.5 months, hazard ratio 1.73, 95% confidence interval 1.23 to 2.43, P = 0.002). On the secondary endpoint analysis, ED was associated with lower objective response rate (46.8% versus 62.1%, odds ratio 0.54, P = 0.022), reduced 2-year overall survival rate of 46.5% versus 64.9% (hazard ratio for death 1.82, 95% confidence interval 1.12 to 2.97, P = 0.016) and detriments in quality of life. The exploratory analysis indicated that the ED group showed elevated blood cortisol levels, which was associated with adverse survival outcomes. This study suggests that there is an association between ED and worse clinical outcomes in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer treated with ICIs, highlighting the potential significance of addressing ED in cancer management. ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT05477979 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zeng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chun-Hong Hu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Cancer Mega-Data Intelligent Application and Engineering Research Centre, Changsha, China
| | - Yi-Zheng Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jian-Song Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shu-Xing Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Meng-Dong Liu
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Zhen-Hua Qiu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chao Deng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Ma
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chun-Fang Xia
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fei Liang
- Department of Biostatistics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Rong Peng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ao-Xi Liang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Sheng-Hao Shi
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shi-Jiao Yao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jun-Qi Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wen-Jie Xiao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao-Qiao Lin
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xin-Yu Tian
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying-Zhe Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhuo-Ying Tian
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ji-An Zou
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yun-Shu Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chao-Yue Xiao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tian Xu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao-Jie Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xian-Ling Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Wu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
- Hunan Cancer Mega-Data Intelligent Application and Engineering Research Centre, Changsha, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precision Therapy in Lung Cancer, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
- FuRong Laboratory, Changsha, China.
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2
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Bel’skaya LV, Dyachenko EI. Oxidative Stress in Breast Cancer: A Biochemical Map of Reactive Oxygen Species Production. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:4646-4687. [PMID: 38785550 PMCID: PMC11120394 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46050282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This review systematizes information about the metabolic features of breast cancer directly related to oxidative stress. It has been shown those redox changes occur at all levels and affect many regulatory systems in the human body. The features of the biochemical processes occurring in breast cancer are described, ranging from nonspecific, at first glance, and strictly biochemical to hormone-induced reactions, genetic and epigenetic regulation, which allows for a broader and deeper understanding of the principles of oncogenesis, as well as maintaining the viability of cancer cells in the mammary gland. Specific pathways of the activation of oxidative stress have been studied as a response to the overproduction of stress hormones and estrogens, and specific ways to reduce its negative impact have been described. The diversity of participants that trigger redox reactions from different sides is considered more fully: glycolytic activity in breast cancer, and the nature of consumption of amino acids and metals. The role of metals in oxidative stress is discussed in detail. They can act as both co-factors and direct participants in oxidative stress, since they are either a trigger mechanism for lipid peroxidation or capable of activating signaling pathways that affect tumorigenesis. Special attention has been paid to the genetic and epigenetic regulation of breast tumors. A complex cascade of mechanisms of epigenetic regulation is explained, which made it possible to reconsider the existing opinion about the triggers and pathways for launching the oncological process, the survival of cancer cells and their ability to localize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila V. Bel’skaya
- Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Omsk State Pedagogical University, 644099 Omsk, Russia;
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3
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Noureddine LM, Ablain J, Surmieliova-Garnès A, Jacquemetton J, Pham TH, Marangoni E, Schnitzler A, Bieche I, Badran B, Trédan O, Hussein N, Le Romancer M, Poulard C. PRMT5 triggers glucocorticoid-induced cell migration in triple-negative breast cancer. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202302009. [PMID: 37536978 PMCID: PMC10400884 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) are the most aggressive breast cancers, and therapeutic options mainly rely on chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Although synthetic glucocorticoids (GCs) are given to alleviate the side effects of these treatments, GCs and their receptor, the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), were recently associated with detrimental effects, albeit the mechanisms involved remain elusive. Here, we identified the arginine methyltransferase PRMT5 as a master coregulator of GR, serving as a scaffold protein to recruit phospho-HP1γ and subsequently RNA polymerase II, independently of its methyltransferase activity. Moreover, the GR/PRMT5/HP1γ complex regulated the transcription of GC-target genes involved in cell motility and triggering cell migration of human TNBC cells in vitro and in a zebrafish model. Of note, we observed that GR/PRMT5 interaction was low in primary tumors but significantly increased in residual tumors treated with chemotherapy and GCs in neoadjuvant setting. These data suggest that the routine premedication prescription of GCs for early TNBC patients should be further assessed and that this complex could potentially be modulated to specifically target deleterious GR effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Malik Noureddine
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences I, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Julien Ablain
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Ausra Surmieliova-Garnès
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Julien Jacquemetton
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Thuy Ha Pham
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Elisabetta Marangoni
- Institut Curie, Translational Research Department, PSL University, Paris, France
| | | | - Ivan Bieche
- Institut Curie, Department of Genetics, Paris, France
| | - Bassam Badran
- Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences I, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Olivier Trédan
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Centre Leon Bérard, Oncology Department, Lyon, France
| | - Nader Hussein
- Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences I, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Muriel Le Romancer
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Coralie Poulard
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
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4
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Dwyer AR, Perez Kerkvliet C, Truong TH, Hagen KM, Krutilina RI, Parke DN, Oakley RH, Liddle C, Cidlowski JA, Seagroves TN, Lange CA. Glucocorticoid Receptors Drive Breast Cancer Cell Migration and Metabolic Reprogramming via PDK4. Endocrinology 2023; 164:bqad083. [PMID: 37224504 PMCID: PMC10251300 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqad083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Corticosteroids act on the glucocorticoid receptor (GR; NR3C1) to resolve inflammation and are routinely prescribed to breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy treatment to alleviate side effects. Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) account for 15% to 20% of diagnoses and lack expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors as well as amplified HER2, but they often express high GR levels. GR is a mediator of TNBC progression to advanced metastatic disease; however, the mechanisms underpinning this transition to more aggressive behavior remain elusive. We previously showed that tissue/cellular stress (hypoxia, chemotherapies) as well as factors in the tumor microenvironment (transforming growth factor β [TGF-β], hepatocyte growth factor [HGF]) activate p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), which phosphorylates GR on Ser134. In the absence of ligand, pSer134-GR further upregulates genes important for responses to cellular stress, including key components of the p38 MAPK pathway. Herein, we show that pSer134-GR is required for TNBC metastatic colonization to the lungs of female mice. To understand the mechanisms of pSer134-GR action in the presence of GR agonists, we examined glucocorticoid-driven transcriptomes in CRISPR knock-in models of TNBC cells expressing wild-type or phospho-mutant (S134A) GR. We identified dexamethasone- and pSer134-GR-dependent regulation of specific gene sets controlling TNBC migration (NEDD9, CSF1, RUNX3) and metabolic adaptation (PDK4, PGK1, PFKFB4). TNBC cells harboring S134A-GR displayed metabolic reprogramming that was phenocopied by pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) knockdown. PDK4 knockdown or chemical inhibition also blocked cancer cell migration. Our results reveal a convergence of GR agonists (ie, host stress) with cellular stress signaling whereby pSer134-GR critically regulates TNBC metabolism, an exploitable target for the treatment of this deadly disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy R Dwyer
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
- Dame Roma Mitchell Cancer Research Laboratories, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | | | - Thu H Truong
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Kyla M Hagen
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Raisa I Krutilina
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Center for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Deanna N Parke
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Center for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Robert H Oakley
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Christopher Liddle
- Storr Liver Centre, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research and University of Sydney School of Medicine, Darlington, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - John A Cidlowski
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Tiffany N Seagroves
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Center for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Carol A Lange
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
- Departments of Medicine (Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation) and Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
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5
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Buonaiuto R, Neola G, Cecere SC, Caltavituro A, Cefaliello A, Pietroluongo E, De Placido P, Giuliano M, Arpino G, De Angelis C. Glucocorticoid Receptor and Ovarian Cancer: From Biology to Therapeutic Intervention. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13040653. [PMID: 37189400 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the leading cause of death from gynecological malignancies worldwide. Fortunately, recent advances in OC biology and the discovery of novel therapeutic targets have led to the development of novel therapeutic agents that may improve the outcome of OC patients. The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is a ligand-dependent transcriptional factor known for its role in body stress reactions, energy homeostasis and immune regulation. Notably, evidence suggests that GR may play a relevant role in tumor progression and may affect treatment response. In cell culture models, administration of low levels of glucocorticoids (GCs) suppresses OC growth and metastasis. Conversely, high GR expression has been associated with poor prognostic features and long-term outcomes in patients with OC. Moreover, both preclinical and clinical data have shown that GR activation impairs the effectiveness of chemotherapy by inducing the apoptotic pathways and cell differentiation. In this narrative review, we summarize data related to the function and role of GR in OC. To this aim, we reorganized the controversial and fragmented data regarding GR activity in OC and herein describe its potential use as a prognostic and predictive biomarker. Moreover, we explored the interplay between GR and BRCA expression and reviewed the latest therapeutic strategies such as non-selective GR antagonists and selective GR modulators to enhance chemotherapy sensitivity, and to finally provide new treatment options in OC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Buonaiuto
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Neola
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Sabrina Chiara Cecere
- Oncologia Clinica Sperimentale Uro-Ginecologica, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione G Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Aldo Caltavituro
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Amedeo Cefaliello
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Erica Pietroluongo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro De Placido
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Giuliano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Grazia Arpino
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Carmine De Angelis
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
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6
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Butz H, Saskői É, Krokker L, Vereczki V, Alpár A, Likó I, Tóth E, Szőcs E, Cserepes M, Nagy K, Kacskovics I, Patócs A. Context-Dependent Role of Glucocorticoid Receptor Alpha and Beta in Breast Cancer Cell Behaviour. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050784. [PMID: 36899920 PMCID: PMC10000936 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. The dual role of GCs has been observed in breast cancer; however, due to many concomitant factors, GR action in cancer biology is still ambiguous. In this study, we aimed to unravel the context-dependent action of GR in breast cancer. Methods. GR expression was characterized in multiple cohorts: (1) 24,256 breast cancer specimens on the RNA level, 220 samples on the protein level and correlated with clinicopathological data; (2) oestrogen receptor (ER)-positive and -negative cell lines were used to test for the presence of ER and ligand, and the effect of the GRβ isoform following GRα and GRβ overexpression on GR action, by in vitro functional assays. Results. We found that GR expression was higher in ER- breast cancer cells compared to ER+ ones, and GR-transactivated genes were implicated mainly in cell migration. Immunohistochemistry showed mostly cytoplasmic but heterogenous staining irrespective of ER status. GRα increased cell proliferation, viability, and the migration of ER- cells. GRβ had a similar effect on breast cancer cell viability, proliferation, and migration. However, the GRβ isoform had the opposite effect depending on the presence of ER: an increased dead cell ratio was found in ER+ breast cancer cells compared to ER- ones. Interestingly, GRα and GRβ action did not depend on the presence of the ligand, suggesting the role of the "intrinsic", ligand-independent action of GR in breast cancer. Conclusions. Staining differences using different GR antibodies may be the reason behind controversial findings in the literature regarding the expression of GR protein and clinicopathological data. Therefore, caution in the interpretation of immunohistochemistry should be applied. By dissecting the effects of GRα and GRβ, we found that the presence of the GR in the context of ER had a different effect on cancer cell behaviour, but independently of ligand availability. Additionally, GR-transactivated genes are mostly involved in cell migration, which raises GR's importance in disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henriett Butz
- Department of Molecular Genetics and the National Tumour Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, H-1122 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Oncology Biobank, National Institute of Oncology, H-1122 Budapest, Hungary
- Hereditary Tumours Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
- Correspondence:
| | - Éva Saskői
- Department of Oncology Biobank, National Institute of Oncology, H-1122 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lilla Krokker
- Hereditary Tumours Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Viktória Vereczki
- Department of Molecular Genetics and the National Tumour Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, H-1122 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Alán Alpár
- Department of Anatomy, Semmelweis University, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Likó
- Hereditary Tumours Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Erika Tóth
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Oncology, H-1122 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Erika Szőcs
- Department of Oncology Biobank, National Institute of Oncology, H-1122 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mihály Cserepes
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, National Institute of Oncology, H-1122 Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | - Attila Patócs
- Department of Molecular Genetics and the National Tumour Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, H-1122 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Oncology Biobank, National Institute of Oncology, H-1122 Budapest, Hungary
- Hereditary Tumours Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
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7
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The Tumor Coagulome as a Transcriptional Target and a Potential Effector of Glucocorticoids in Human Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15051531. [PMID: 36900323 PMCID: PMC10001343 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coagulome, defined as the repertoire of genes that locally regulate coagulation and fibrinolysis, is a key determinant of vascular thromboembolic complications of cancer. In addition to vascular complications, the coagulome may also regulate the tumor microenvironment (TME). Glucocorticoids are key hormones that mediate cellular responses to various stresses and exert anti-inflammatory effects. We addressed the effects of glucocorticoids on the coagulome of human tumors by investigating interactions with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Lung Adenocarcinoma, and Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma tumor types. METHODS We analyzed the regulation of three essential coagulome components, i.e., the tissue factor (TF), urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in cancer cell lines exposed to specific agonists of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) (dexamethasone and hydrocortisone). We used QPCR, immunoblots, small-interfering RNA, Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIPseq) and genomic data from whole tumor and single-cell analyses. RESULTS Glucocorticoids modulate the coagulome of cancer cells through a combination of indirect and direct transcriptional effects. Dexamethasone directly increased PAI-1 expression in a GR-dependent manner. We confirmed the relevance of these findings in human tumors, where high GR activity/high SERPINE1 expression corresponded to a TME enriched in active fibroblasts and with a high TGF-β response. CONCLUSION The transcriptional regulation of the coagulome by glucocorticoids that we report may have vascular consequences and account for some of the effects of glucocorticoids on the TME.
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Ybañez WS, Bagamasbad PD. Krüppel-like factor 9 (KLF9) links hormone dysregulation and circadian disruption to breast cancer pathogenesis. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:33. [PMID: 36823570 PMCID: PMC9948451 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02874-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circadian disruption is an emerging driver of breast cancer (BCa), with epidemiological studies linking shift work and chronic jet lag to increased BCa risk. Indeed, several clock genes participate in the gating of mitotic entry, regulation of DNA damage response, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, thus impacting BCa etiology. Dysregulated estrogen (17β-estradiol, E2) and glucocorticoid (GC) signaling prevalent in BCa may further contribute to clock desynchrony by directly regulating the expression and cycling dynamics of genes comprising the local breast oscillator. In this study, we investigated the tumor suppressor gene, Krüppel-like factor 9 (KLF9), as an important point of crosstalk between hormone signaling and the circadian molecular network, and further examine its functional role in BCa. METHODS Through meta-analysis of publicly available RNA- and ChIP-sequencing datasets from BCa tumor samples and cell lines, and gene expression analysis by RT-qPCR and enhancer- reporter assays, we elucidated the molecular mechanism behind the clock and hormone regulation of KLF9. Lentiviral knockdown and overexpression of KLF9 in three distinct breast epithelial cell lines (MCF10A, MCF7 and MDA-MB-231) was generated to demonstrate the role of KLF9 in orthogonal assays on breast epithelial survival, proliferation, apoptosis, and migration. RESULTS We determined that KLF9 is a direct GC receptor target in mammary epithelial cells, and that induction is likely mediated through coordinate transcriptional activation from multiple GC-responsive enhancers in the KLF9 locus. More interestingly, rhythmic expression of KLF9 in MCF10A cells was abolished in the highly aggressive MDA-MB-231 line. In turn, forced expression of KLF9 altered the baseline and GC/E2-responsive expression of several clock genes, indicating that KLF9 may function as a regulator of the core clock machinery. Characterization of the role of KLF9 using complementary cancer hallmark assays in the context of the hormone-circadian axis revealed that KLF9 plays a tumor-suppressive role in BCa regardless of molecular subtype. KLF9 potentiated the anti-tumorigenic effects of GC in E2 receptor + luminal MCF7 cells, while it restrained GC-enhanced oncogenicity in triple-negative MCF10A and MDA-MB-231 cells. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our findings support that dysregulation of KLF9 expression and oscillation in BCa impinges on circadian network dynamics, thus ultimately affecting the BCa oncogenic landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weand S. Ybañez
- grid.11134.360000 0004 0636 6193National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Metro Manila 1101 Philippines
| | - Pia D. Bagamasbad
- grid.11134.360000 0004 0636 6193National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Metro Manila 1101 Philippines
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9
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Khadka S, Druffner SR, Duncan BC, Busada JT. Glucocorticoid regulation of cancer development and progression. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1161768. [PMID: 37143725 PMCID: PMC10151568 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1161768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are steroid hormones that regulate a host of cellular and physiological functions. However, they are arguably best known for their potent anti-inflammatory properties. Chronic inflammation is well-known to promote the development and progression of numerous types of cancer, and emerging evidence suggests that glucocorticoid regulation of inflammation affects cancer development. However, the timing, intensity, and duration of glucocorticoid signaling have important but often contradictory effects on cancer development. Moreover, glucocorticoids are widely used in parallel with radiation and chemotherapy to control pain, dyspnea, and swelling, but their use may compromise anti-tumor immunity. This review will explore the effects of glucocorticoids on cancer development and progression with particular focus on pro and anti-tumor immunity.
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10
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Parent EE, Fowler AM. Nuclear Receptor Imaging In Vivo-Clinical and Research Advances. J Endocr Soc 2022; 7:bvac197. [PMID: 36655003 PMCID: PMC9838808 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvac197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptors are transcription factors that function in normal physiology and play important roles in diseases such as cancer, inflammation, and diabetes. Noninvasive imaging of nuclear receptors can be achieved using radiolabeled ligands and positron emission tomography (PET). This quantitative imaging approach can be viewed as an in vivo equivalent of the classic radioligand binding assay. A main clinical application of nuclear receptor imaging in oncology is to identify metastatic sites expressing nuclear receptors that are targets for approved drug therapies and are capable of binding ligands to improve treatment decision-making. Research applications of nuclear receptor imaging include novel synthetic ligand and drug development by quantifying target drug engagement with the receptor for optimal therapeutic drug dosing and for fundamental research into nuclear receptor function in cells and animal models. This mini-review provides an overview of PET imaging of nuclear receptors with a focus on radioligands for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and androgen receptor and their use in breast and prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ephraim E Parent
- Mayo Clinic Florida, Department of Radiology, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, USA
| | - Amy M Fowler
- Correspondence: Amy M. Fowler, MD, PhD, Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792-3252, USA.
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11
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Mitre-Aguilar IB, Moreno-Mitre D, Melendez-Zajgla J, Maldonado V, Jacobo-Herrera NJ, Ramirez-Gonzalez V, Mendoza-Almanza G. The Role of Glucocorticoids in Breast Cancer Therapy. Curr Oncol 2022; 30:298-314. [PMID: 36661673 PMCID: PMC9858160 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive steroid molecules secreted by the adrenal gland and regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. GCs present a circadian release pattern under normal conditions; they increase their release under stress conditions. Their mechanism of action can be via the receptor-independent or receptor-dependent pathway. The receptor-dependent pathway translocates to the nucleus, where the ligand-receptor complex binds to specific sequences in the DNA to modulate the transcription of specific genes. The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and its endogenous ligand cortisol (CORT) in humans, and corticosterone in rodents or its exogenous ligand, dexamethasone (DEX), have been extensively studied in breast cancer. Its clinical utility in oncology has mainly focused on using DEX as an antiemetic to prevent chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. In this review, we compile the results reported in the literature in recent years, highlighting current trends and unresolved controversies in this field. Specifically, in breast cancer, GR is considered a marker of poor prognosis, and a therapeutic target for the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype, and efforts are being made to develop better GR antagonists with fewer side effects. It is necessary to know the type of breast cancer to differentiate the treatment for estrogen receptor (ER)-positive, ER-negative, and TNBC, to implement therapies that include the use of GCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irma B. Mitre-Aguilar
- Unidad de Bioquimica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran (INCMNSZ), Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Daniel Moreno-Mitre
- Centro de Desarrollo de Destrezas Médicas (CEDDEM), Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran (INCMNSZ), Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Jorge Melendez-Zajgla
- Laboratorio de Genomica Funcional del Cancer, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico
| | - Vilma Maldonado
- Laboratorio de Epigenetica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico
| | - Nadia J. Jacobo-Herrera
- Unidad de Bioquimica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran (INCMNSZ), Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Victoria Ramirez-Gonzalez
- Departamento de Cirugía-Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran (INCMNSZ), Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Gretel Mendoza-Almanza
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT), Laboratorio de Epigenetica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico
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12
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Liu Y, Zeng Y, Li Y, Ke J, Pan Y, Liu X, Peng Y, Wu F. Mechanism of chronic stress to promote tumor development and the intervention. ZHONG NAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 47:1281-1288. [PMID: 36411713 PMCID: PMC10930318 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2022.210589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Chronic stress is a serial of non-specific neuroendocrine reactions in the body when stimulated by stressors for a long time, which has been shown to have a significant effect on tumor development. Chronic stress can activate the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sense-adrenal myelin system, promote catecholamine and adrenal corticosteroid secretion, regulate the downstream pathways at all levels, and modulate the secretion of immune cells and immune factors, inhibit protective immune response, and induce inflammation, thus promoting tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. Some drugs and psychotherapy can alleviate the patient's stress state, block the nerve signal transmission at all levels of access, regulate the immune system, or can become an effective means to intervene in chronic stress in tumor patients for clinical treatment to provide reference for intervention ideas. However, due to lack of relevant clinical trials, the clinical intervention effect of various drugs and psychotherapy is uncertain and needs more studies to verify the effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Department of Oncology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011.
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078.
| | - Yue Zeng
- Department of Oncology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011
| | - Yizheng Li
- Department of Oncology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011
| | - Jiawen Ke
- Department of Oncology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078
| | - Yue Pan
- Department of Oncology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011
| | - Xiaohan Liu
- Department of Oncology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011
| | - Yurong Peng
- Department of Oncology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011
| | - Fang Wu
- Department of Oncology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011.
- Hunan Cancer Mega-Data Intelligent Application and Engineering Research Center, Changsha 410011.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, Changsha 410011.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precision Therapy in Lung Cancer, Changsha 410011.
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China.
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13
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Hino Y, Nagaoka K, Oki S, Etoh K, Hino S, Nakao M. Mitochondrial stress induces AREG expression and epigenomic remodeling through c-JUN and YAP-mediated enhancer activation. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:9765-9779. [PMID: 36095121 PMCID: PMC9508833 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleus–mitochondria crosstalk is essential for cellular and organismal homeostasis. Although anterograde (nucleus-to-mitochondria) pathways have been well characterized, retrograde (mitochondria-to-nucleus) pathways remain to be clarified. Here, we found that mitochondrial dysfunction triggered a retrograde signaling via unique transcriptional and chromatin factors in hepatic cells. Our transcriptomic analysis revealed that the loss of mitochondrial transcription factor A led to mitochondrial dysfunction and dramatically induced expression of amphiregulin (AREG) and other secretory protein genes. AREG expression was also induced by various mitochondria stressors and was upregulated in murine liver injury models, suggesting that AREG expression is a hallmark of mitochondrial damage. Using epigenomic and informatic approaches, we identified that mitochondrial dysfunction-responsive enhancers of AREG gene were activated by c-JUN/YAP1/TEAD axis and were repressed by chromatin remodeler BRG1. Furthermore, while mitochondrial dysfunction-activated enhancers were enriched with JUN and TEAD binding motifs, the repressed enhancers possessed the binding motifs for hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α, suggesting that both stress responsible and cell type-specific enhancers were reprogrammed. Our study revealed that c-JUN and YAP1-mediated enhancer activation shapes the mitochondrial stress-responsive phenotype, which may shift from metabolism to stress adaptation including protein secretion under such stressed conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Hino
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Katsuya Nagaoka
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Shinya Oki
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kan Etoh
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Shinjiro Hino
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Nakao
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
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14
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Munster PN, Greenstein AE, Fleming GF, Borazanci E, Sharma MR, Custodio JM, Tudor IC, Pashova HI, Shepherd SP, Grauer A, Sachdev JC. Overcoming Taxane Resistance: Preclinical and Phase 1 Studies of Relacorilant, a Selective Glucocorticoid Receptor Modulator, with Nab-Paclitaxel in Solid Tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:3214-3224. [PMID: 35583817 PMCID: PMC9662918 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-4363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chemotherapy resistance remains a major problem in many solid tumors, including breast, ovarian, and pancreatic cancer. Glucocorticoids are one potential driver of chemotherapy resistance as they can mediate tumor progression via induction of cell-survival pathways. We investigated whether combining the selective glucocorticoid receptor (GR) modulator relacorilant with taxanes can enhance antitumor activity. PATIENTS AND METHODS The effect of relacorilant on paclitaxel efficacy was assessed in OVCAR5 cells in vitro and in the MIA PaCa-2 xenograft. A phase 1 study of patients with advanced solid tumors was conducted to determine the recommended phase 2 dose of relacorilant + nab-paclitaxel. RESULTS In OVCAR5 cells, relacorilant reversed the deleterious effects of glucocorticoids on paclitaxel efficacy (P < 0.001). Compared with paclitaxel alone, relacorilant + paclitaxel reduced tumor growth and slowed time to progression in xenograft models (both P < 0.0001). In the heavily pretreated phase 1 population [median (range) of prior regimens: 3 (1-8), prior taxane in 75.3% (55/73)], 33% (19/57) of response-evaluable patients achieved durable disease control (≥16 weeks) with relacorilant + nab-paclitaxel and 28.6% (12/42) experienced longer duration of benefit than on prior taxane (up to 6.4×). The most common dose-limiting toxicity of the combination was neutropenia, which was manageable with prophylactic G-CSF. Clinical benefit with relacorilant + nab-paclitaxel was also associated with GR-regulated transcript-level changes in a panel of GR-controlled genes. CONCLUSIONS The observed preclinical, clinical, and GR-specific pharmacodynamic responses demonstrate that selective GR modulation with relacorilant combined with nab-paclitaxel may promote chemotherapy response and is tolerable. Further evaluation of this combination in tumor types responsive to taxanes is ongoing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela N. Munster
- Department of Medicine (Hematology/Oncology), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,Corresponding Author: Pamela N. Munster, University of California, San Francisco, Box 1711, San Francisco, CA 94143. Phone: 415-502-3414; E-mail:
| | | | - Gini F. Fleming
- Department of Medicine, the University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Manish R. Sharma
- Department of Medicine, the University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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15
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Chen Z, Ye Z, Soccio RE, Nakadai T, Hankey W, Zhao Y, Huang F, Yuan F, Wang H, Cui Z, Sunkel B, Wu D, Dzeng RK, Thomas-Ahner JM, Huang THM, Clinton SK, Huang J, Lazar MA, Jin VX, Roeder RG, Wang Q. Phosphorylated MED1 links transcription recycling and cancer growth. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:4450-4463. [PMID: 35394046 PMCID: PMC9071494 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mediator activates RNA polymerase II (Pol II) function during transcription, but it remains unclear whether Mediator is able to travel with Pol II and regulate Pol II transcription beyond the initiation and early elongation steps. By using in vitro and in vivo transcription recycling assays, we find that human Mediator 1 (MED1), when phosphorylated at the mammal-specific threonine 1032 by cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9), dynamically moves along with Pol II throughout the transcribed genes to drive Pol II recycling after the initial round of transcription. Mechanistically, MED31 mediates the recycling of phosphorylated MED1 and Pol II, enhancing mRNA output during the transcription recycling process. Importantly, MED1 phosphorylation increases during prostate cancer progression to the lethal phase, and pharmacological inhibition of CDK9 decreases prostate tumor growth by decreasing MED1 phosphorylation and Pol II recycling. Our results reveal a novel role of MED1 in Pol II transcription and identify phosphorylated MED1 as a targetable driver of dysregulated Pol II recycling in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Chen
- Department of Pathology and Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Zhenqing Ye
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Raymond E Soccio
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, and the Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Tomoyoshi Nakadai
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - William Hankey
- Department of Pathology and Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Pathology and Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.,Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences and First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Furong Huang
- Department of Pathology and Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Fuwen Yuan
- Department of Pathology and Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Department of Pathology and Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Zhifen Cui
- Department of Pathology and Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Benjamin Sunkel
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Dayong Wu
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Richard K Dzeng
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, and the Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jennifer M Thomas-Ahner
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Tim H M Huang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Steven K Clinton
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jiaoti Huang
- Department of Pathology and Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Mitchell A Lazar
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, and the Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Victor X Jin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Robert G Roeder
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Qianben Wang
- Department of Pathology and Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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16
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Advantages and drawbacks of dexamethasone in glioblastoma multiforme. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 172:103625. [PMID: 35158070 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The most widespread, malignant, and deadliest type of glial tumor is glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Despite radiation, chemotherapy, and radical surgery, the median survival of afflicted individuals is about 12 months. Unfortunately, existing therapeutic interventions are abysmal. Dexamethasone (Dex), a synthetic glucocorticoid, has been used for many years to treat brain edema and inflammation caused by GBM. Several investigations have recently shown that Dex also exerts antitumoral effects against GBM. On the other hand, more recent disputed findings have questioned the long-held dogma of Dex treatment for GBM. Unfortunately, steroids are associated with various undesirable side effects, including severe immunosuppression and metabolic changes like hyperglycemia, which may impair the survival of GBM patients. Current ideas and concerns about Dex's effects on GBM cerebral edema, cell proliferation, migration, and its clinical outcomes were investigated in this study.
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17
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Zhang L, Song L, Xu Y, Xu Y, Zheng M, Zhang P, Wang Q. Midkine promotes breast cancer cell proliferation and migration by upregulating NR3C1 expression and activating the NF-κB pathway. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:2953-2961. [PMID: 35028860 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07116-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy in females and is the second leading cause of cancer-related death among women worldwide. Midkine (MDK) is a heparin-binding growth factor that is abnormally expressed at high levels in various human malignancies. We aimed to uncover the biological function and molecular mechanism of MDK in BC cells. METHODS AND RESULTS MDA-MB-231-shMDK and T47D-shMDK BC cells were established. The in vitro biological functions of MDK were demonstrated by CCK-8 assays, Transwell assays and Western blotting, whereas qPCR pathway arrays were implemented to explore the mechanism of MDK in BC cells. Functionally, we verified that silencing MDK significantly suppressed BC cell proliferation and migration by inhibiting the activation of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway and the nuclear distribution of NF-κB. Meanwhile, Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) and a qPCR pathway array revealed that silencing MDK decreased the expression of NR3C1, a potential downstream target of the NF-κB pathway. We also confirmed that treatment with an NF-κB inhibitor suppressed NR3C1 expression in BC cells. Finally, we demonstrated that silencing NR3C1 repressed BC cell proliferation and migration. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight a novel mechanism by which MDK influences BC progression via regulation of the NF-κB-NR3C1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Song
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanyan Xu
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuting Xu
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Maojin Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingling Wang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China. .,Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
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18
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Butz H, Patócs A. Mechanisms behind context-dependent role of glucocorticoids in breast cancer progression. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 41:803-832. [PMID: 35761157 PMCID: PMC9758252 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10047-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs), mostly dexamethasone (dex), are routinely administered as adjuvant therapy to manage side effects in breast cancer. However, recently, it has been revealed that dex triggers different effects and correlates with opposite outcomes depending on the breast cancer molecular subtype. This has raised new concerns regarding the generalized use of GC and suggested that the context-dependent effects of GCs can be taken into potential consideration during treatment design. Based on this, attention has recently been drawn to the role of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in development and progression of breast cancer. Therefore, in this comprehensive review, we aimed to summarize the different mechanisms behind different context-dependent GC actions in breast cancer by applying a multilevel examination, starting from the association of variants of the GR-encoding gene to expression at the mRNA and protein level of the receptor, and its interactions with other factors influencing GC action in breast cancer. The role of GCs in chemosensitivity and chemoresistance observed during breast cancer therapy is discussed. In addition, experiences using GC targeting therapeutic options (already used and investigated in preclinical and clinical trials), such as classic GC dexamethasone, selective glucocorticoid receptor agonists and modulators, the GC antagonist mifepristone, and GR coregulators, are also summarized. Evidence presented can aid a better understanding of the biology of context-dependent GC action that can lead to further advances in the personalized therapy of breast cancer by the evaluation of GR along with the conventional estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) in the routine diagnostic procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henriett Butz
- Department of Molecular Genetics and the National Tumor Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary.
- Hereditary Tumours Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Attila Patócs
- Department of Molecular Genetics and the National Tumor Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
- Hereditary Tumours Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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19
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Wu K, Liu Z, Liang J, Zhang F, Zhang F, Wang Y, Lia T, Liu S, Zhu Y, Li X. Expression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and clinical significance in adrenocortical carcinoma. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:903824. [PMID: 35992138 PMCID: PMC9389328 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.903824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare endocrine tumor, and most cases present with hormone excess with poor prognosis. Our research aims to determine the clinical and biological significance of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression using large cohorts of ACC patients. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the expression of GR in 78 ACC cases from the West China Hospital (WCH) cohort. RNA-seq data were retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA, n=79). Clinicopathological and follow-up data were obtained from two cohorts. The correlation between the GR gene and tumor immune status was estimated using TIMER and GEPIA2. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to identify the prognostic value of GR in ACC. In the WCH cohort, positive nuclear GR staining was identified in 90% of the primary ACC cases. Cortisol-secreting ACCs demonstrated significantly lower GR protein expression than did nonfunctioning tumors (P<0.001). This finding was validated by the mRNA data analysis of the TCGA cohort (P = 0.030). GR expression was found to be positively correlated with the immune cell infiltration level and immune-checkpoint-related gene expression in ACC. Survival comparison and multivariate analysis showed that GR expression is an independent prognostic predictor of disease-free survival and overall survival in ACC patients in both cohorts. Our findings suggest that low GR expression is significantly correlated with excess cortisol, immune signatures and poor survival in ACC patients. We propose that GR signaling may play an important role in ACC behavior and thus may be a therapeutic target, which deserves further research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yuchun Zhu
- *Correspondence: Xiang Li, ; Yuchun Zhu,
| | - Xiang Li
- *Correspondence: Xiang Li, ; Yuchun Zhu,
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20
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Nuclear receptors: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutics. Essays Biochem 2021; 65:847-856. [PMID: 34825698 PMCID: PMC8628184 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20210020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear receptors are classically defined as ligand-activated transcription factors that regulate key functions in reproduction, development, and physiology. Humans have 48 nuclear receptors, which when dysregulated are often linked to diseases. Because most nuclear receptors can be selectively activated or inactivated by small molecules, they are prominent therapeutic targets. The basic understanding of this family of transcription factors was accelerated in the 1980s upon the cloning of the first hormone receptors. During the next 20 years, a deep understanding of hormone signaling was achieved that has translated to numerous clinical applications, such as the development of standard-of-care endocrine therapies for hormonally driven breast and prostate cancers. A 2004 issue of this journal reviewed progress on elucidating the structures of nuclear receptors and their mechanisms of action. In the current issue, we focus on the broad application of new knowledge in this field for therapy across diverse disease states including cancer, cardiovascular disease, various inflammatory diseases, the aging brain, and COVID-19.
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21
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Tian W, Liu Y, Cao C, Zeng Y, Pan Y, Liu X, Peng Y, Wu F. Chronic Stress: Impacts on Tumor Microenvironment and Implications for Anti-Cancer Treatments. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:777018. [PMID: 34869378 PMCID: PMC8640341 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.777018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress is common among cancer patients due to the psychological, operative, or pharmaceutical stressors at the time of diagnosis or during the treatment of cancers. The continuous activations of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the sympathetic nervous system (SNS), as results of chronic stress, have been demonstrated to take part in several cancer-promoting processes, such as tumorigenesis, progression, metastasis, and multi-drug resistance, by altering the tumor microenvironment (TME). Stressed TME is generally characterized by the increased proportion of cancer-promoting cells and cytokines, the reduction and malfunction of immune-supportive cells and cytokines, augmented angiogenesis, enhanced epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and damaged extracellular matrix. For the negative effects that these alterations can cause in terms of the efficacies of anti-cancer treatments and prognosis of patients, supplementary pharmacological or psychotherapeutic strategies targeting HPA, SNS, or psychological stress may be effective in improving the prognosis of cancer patients. Here, we review the characteristics and mechanisms of TME alterations under chronic stress, their influences on anti-cancer therapies, and accessory interventions and therapies for stressed cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Tian
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chenghui Cao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yue Zeng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yue Pan
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaohan Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yurong Peng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Wu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Cancer Mega-Data Intelligent Application and Engineering Research Centre, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precision Therapy in Lung Cancer, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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22
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Forooshani MK, Scarpitta R, Fanelli GN, Miccoli M, Naccarato AG, Scatena C. Is it time to consider the Androgen receptor as a therapeutic target in breast cancer? Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:775-786. [PMID: 34852747 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666211201150818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a heterogeneous disease and the most prevalent malignant tumor in women worldwide. The majority of BC cases are positive for estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR), both known to be involved in cancer pathogenesis, progression, and invasion. In line with this, hormonal deprivation therapy appears to be a useful tool and an effective treatment for these BC subtypes. Unfortunately, prognosis among patients with hormone-negative tumors or therapy-refractory and metastatic patients remains poor. Novel biomarkers are urgently needed in order to predict the course of the disease, make better therapy decisions and improve the overall survival of patients. In this respect, the androgen receptor (AR), a member of the hormonal nuclear receptor superfamily and ER and PgR, emerges as an interesting feature widely expressed in human BCs. Despite the advances, the precise tumorigenic mechanism of AR and the role of its endogenous ligands are yet not well-understood. In this review, we aim to elaborate on the prognostic impact of AR expression and current AR-targeting approaches based on previous studies investigating AR's role in different BC subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melika Kooshki Forooshani
- Division of Pathology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa. Italy
| | - Rosa Scarpitta
- Division of Pathology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa. Italy
| | - Giuseppe Nicolò Fanelli
- Division of Pathology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa. Italy
| | - Mario Miccoli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa. Italy
| | - Antonio Giuseppe Naccarato
- Division of Pathology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa. Italy
| | - Cristian Scatena
- Division of Pathology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa. Italy
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23
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Farré X, Espín R, Baiges A, Blommaert E, Kim W, Giannikou K, Herranz C, Román A, Sáez B, Casanova Á, Ancochea J, Valenzuela C, Ussetti P, Laporta R, Rodríguez-Portal JA, van Moorsel CH, van der Vis JJ, Quanjel MJ, Tena-Garitaonaindia M, Sánchez de Medina F, Mateo F, Molina-Molina M, Won S, Kwiatkowski DJ, de Cid R, Pujana MA. Evidence for shared genetic risk factors between lymphangioleiomyomatosis and pulmonary function. ERJ Open Res 2021; 8:00375-2021. [PMID: 35083324 PMCID: PMC8784893 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00375-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionLymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare low-grade metastasising disease characterised by cystic lung destruction. The genetic basis of LAM remains incompletely determined, and the disease cell-of-origin is uncertain. We analysed the possibility of a shared genetic basis between LAM and cancer, and LAM and pulmonary function.MethodsThe results of genome-wide association studies of LAM, 17 cancer types and spirometry measures (forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC ratio and peak expiratory flow (PEF)) were analysed for genetic correlations, shared genetic variants and causality. Genomic and transcriptomic data were examined, and immunodetection assays were performed to evaluate pleiotropic genes.ResultsThere were no significant overall genetic correlations between LAM and cancer, but LAM correlated negatively with FVC and PEF, and a trend in the same direction was observed for FEV1. 22 shared genetic variants were uncovered between LAM and pulmonary function, while seven shared variants were identified between LAM and cancer. The LAM-pulmonary function shared genetics identified four pleiotropic genes previously recognised in LAM single-cell transcriptomes: ADAM12, BNC2, NR2F2 and SP5. We had previously associated NR2F2 variants with LAM, and we identified its functional partner NR3C1 as another pleotropic factor. NR3C1 expression was confirmed in LAM lung lesions. Another candidate pleiotropic factor, CNTN2, was found more abundant in plasma of LAM patients than that of healthy women.ConclusionsThis study suggests the existence of a common genetic aetiology between LAM and pulmonary function.
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24
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Kumar S, Freelander A, Lim E. Type 1 Nuclear Receptor Activity in Breast Cancer: Translating Preclinical Insights to the Clinic. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4972. [PMID: 34638457 PMCID: PMC8507977 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear receptor (NR) family of transcription factors is intimately associated with the development, progression and treatment of breast cancer. They are used diagnostically and prognostically, and crosstalk between nuclear receptor pathways and growth factor signalling has been demonstrated in all major subtypes of breast cancer. The majority of breast cancers are driven by estrogen receptor α (ER), and anti-estrogenic therapies remain the backbone of treatment, leading to clinically impactful improvements in patient outcomes. This serves as a blueprint for the development of therapies targeting other nuclear receptors. More recently, pivotal findings into modulating the progesterone (PR) and androgen receptors (AR), with accompanying mechanistic insights into NR crosstalk and interactions with other proliferative pathways, have led to clinical trials in all of the major breast cancer subtypes. A growing body of evidence now supports targeting other Type 1 nuclear receptors such as the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), as well as Type 2 NRs such as the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Here, we reviewed the existing preclinical insights into nuclear receptor activity in breast cancer, with a focus on Type 1 NRs. We also discussed the potential to translate these findings into improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Kumar
- Faculty of Medicine, St Vincent’s Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst 2010, Australia; (A.F.); (E.L.)
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst 2010, Australia
| | - Allegra Freelander
- Faculty of Medicine, St Vincent’s Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst 2010, Australia; (A.F.); (E.L.)
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst 2010, Australia
| | - Elgene Lim
- Faculty of Medicine, St Vincent’s Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst 2010, Australia; (A.F.); (E.L.)
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst 2010, Australia
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25
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Wu W, Jiang H, Qi Y, Fan W, Yan J, Liu Y, Huang W. Large‐Scale Synthesis of Functionalized Nanowires to Construct Nanoelectrodes for Intracellular Sensing. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202106251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen‐Tao Wu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Hong Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Yu‐Ting Qi
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Wen‐Ting Fan
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Jing Yan
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Yan‐Ling Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Wei‐Hua Huang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
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26
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Wu WT, Jiang H, Qi YT, Fan WT, Yan J, Liu YL, Huang WH. Large-Scale Synthesis of Functionalized Nanowires to Construct Nanoelectrodes for Intracellular Sensing. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:19337-19343. [PMID: 34121300 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202106251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A strategy for one-pot and large-scale synthesis of functionalized core-shell nanowires (NWs) to high-efficiently construct single nanowire electrodes is proposed. Based on the polymerization reaction between 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) and noble metal cations, manifold noble metal nanoparticles-polyEDOT (PEDOT) nanocomposites can be uniformly modified on the surface of any nonconductive NWs. This provides a facile and versatile approach to produce massive number of core-shell NWs with excellent conductivity, adjustable size, and well-designed properties. Nanoelectrodes manufactured with such core-shell NWs exhibit excellent electrochemical performance and mechanical stability as well as favorable antifouling properties, which are demonstrated by in situ intracellular monitoring of biological molecules (nitric oxide) and unraveling its relevant unclear signaling pathway inside single living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Tao Wu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yu-Ting Qi
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Wen-Ting Fan
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Jing Yan
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yan-Ling Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Wei-Hua Huang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
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27
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Paakinaho V, Palvimo JJ. Genome-wide crosstalk between steroid receptors in breast and prostate cancers. Endocr Relat Cancer 2021; 28:R231-R250. [PMID: 34137734 PMCID: PMC8345902 DOI: 10.1530/erc-21-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Steroid receptors (SRs) constitute an important class of signal-dependent transcription factors (TFs). They regulate a variety of key biological processes and are crucial drug targets in many disease states. In particular, estrogen (ER) and androgen receptors (AR) drive the development and progression of breast and prostate cancer, respectively. Thus, they represent the main specific drug targets in these diseases. Recent evidence has suggested that the crosstalk between signal-dependent TFs is an important step in the reprogramming of chromatin sites; a signal-activated TF can expand or restrict the chromatin binding of another TF. This crosstalk can rewire gene programs and thus alter biological processes and influence the progression of disease. Lately, it has been postulated that there may be an important crosstalk between the AR and the ER with other SRs. Especially, progesterone (PR) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) can reprogram chromatin binding of ER and gene programs in breast cancer cells. Furthermore, GR can take the place of AR in antiandrogen-resistant prostate cancer cells. Here, we review the current knowledge of the crosstalk between SRs in breast and prostate cancers. We emphasize how the activity of ER and AR on chromatin can be modulated by other SRs on a genome-wide scale. We also highlight the knowledge gaps in the interplay of SRs and their complex interactions with other signaling pathways and suggest how to experimentally fill in these gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ville Paakinaho
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jorma J Palvimo
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Correspondence should be addressed to J J Palvimo:
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28
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Noureddine LM, Trédan O, Hussein N, Badran B, Le Romancer M, Poulard C. Glucocorticoid Receptor: A Multifaceted Actor in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094446. [PMID: 33923160 PMCID: PMC8123001 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancers in women worldwide. Even though the role of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) is extensively documented in the development of breast tumors, other members of the nuclear receptor family have emerged as important players. Synthetic glucocorticoids (GCs) such as dexamethasone (dex) are commonly used in BC for their antiemetic, anti-inflammatory, as well as energy and appetite stimulating properties, and to manage the side effects of chemotherapy. However, dex triggers different effects depending on the BC subtype. The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is also an important marker in BC, as high GR expression is correlated with a poor and good prognosis in ERα-negative and ERα-positive BCs, respectively. Indeed, though it drives the expression of pro-tumorigenic genes in ERα-negative BCs and is involved in resistance to chemotherapy and metastasis formation, dex inhibits estrogen-mediated cell proliferation in ERα-positive BCs. Recently, a new natural ligand for GR called OCDO was identified. OCDO is a cholesterol metabolite with oncogenic properties, triggering mammary cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we summarize recent data on GR signaling and its involvement in tumoral breast tissue, via its different ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Malik Noureddine
- Université de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France; (L.M.N.); (O.T.); (M.L.R.)
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadat-Beirut 90656, Lebanon; (N.H.); (B.B.)
| | - Olivier Trédan
- Université de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France; (L.M.N.); (O.T.); (M.L.R.)
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
- Centre Leon Bérard, Oncology Department, F-69000 Lyon, France
| | - Nader Hussein
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadat-Beirut 90656, Lebanon; (N.H.); (B.B.)
| | - Bassam Badran
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadat-Beirut 90656, Lebanon; (N.H.); (B.B.)
| | - Muriel Le Romancer
- Université de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France; (L.M.N.); (O.T.); (M.L.R.)
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
| | - Coralie Poulard
- Université de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France; (L.M.N.); (O.T.); (M.L.R.)
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-478-786-663; Fax: +33-478-782-720
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Zhang L, Jiang H, Zhang Y, Wang C, Xia X, Sun Y. GR silencing impedes the progression of castration-resistant prostate cancer through the JAG1/NOTCH2 pathway via up-regulation of microRNA-143-3p. Cancer Biomark 2021; 28:483-497. [PMID: 32568179 PMCID: PMC7505006 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-191271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Despite notable progression from a therapeutic point of view, castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) remains a clinical significant stumbling block. The current study aimed to elucidate the functional role of the gene glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in CRPC, and identify the contributions of the GR gene in CRPC in connection with microRNA-143-3p (miR-143-3p)/Jagged1 (JAG1)/NOTCH2. METHODS: The expression of GR and miR-143-3p in CRPC tissues and cells as well as JAG1/NOTCH2 expression in CRPC tissues was initially determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analyses. The relationship among GR, JAG1, NOTCH2 and miR-143-3p was subsequently verified using the dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. ChIP assay confirmed the binding of GR to miR-143-3p promoter. Gain- and loss-function approaches were applied to ascertain the role of GR and miR-143-3p in progression of CRPC. Additionally, xenograft tumor models in nude mice were established to further confirm our results. RESULTS: GR was found to be highly expressed while miR-143-3p was lowly expressed in the CRPC tissues and cells. Silencing GR reduced migration, invasion, proliferation and increased apoptosis of CRPC cells. GR was enriched in the miR-143-3p promoter region and could down-regulate miR-143-3p expression. The overexpression of miR-143-3p led to a reduction in the migration, invasion, proliferation and increased apoptosis of CRPC cells. JAG1 and NOTCH2 were the target genes of miR-143-3p, and GR up-regulated the JAG1/NOTCH2 expression by down-regulating miR-143-3p. Silencing JAG1/NOTCH2 inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transition and CRPC progression in vitro. Furthermore, the in vitro findings were reproduced in the in vivo experiments. CONCLUSION: The key findings of the current study demonstrated that silencing GR suppressed the progression of CRPC through the JAG1/NOTCH2 pathway via up-regulation of miR-143-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linshen Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China.,2016 Innovation Class, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hongjun Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yufan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Chenrong Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xixi Xia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Prognostic Significance of Glucocorticoid Receptor Expression in Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13071649. [PMID: 33916028 PMCID: PMC8037088 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In solid tumours, emerging evidence indicates that signalling through the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) can encourage the growth and spread of tumours and so drugs targeting this receptor are in development for use in cancer treatment. For these reasons, GR may be useful in anticipating a patient’s outcome upon their cancer diagnosis or to predict their tumours response to drugs targeting this receptor. In this review we aim to ascertain whether GR expression in tumours affects cancer patient survival. Overall, GR expression did not affect patient survival when assessing all cancer types. However, we found that in certain cancer subtypes such as gynaecological cancers (endometrial and ovarian) and early stage, untreated triple negative breast cancers, high GR expression is linked with cancer progression and therefore a poorer patient prognosis. Further studies are needed to uncover the exact role of GR in specific tumour (sub)types in order to provide the correct patients with GR targeting therapies. Abstract In solid malignancies, the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signalling axis is associated with tumour progression and GR antagonists are in clinical development. Therefore, GR expression may be a useful potential prognostic or predictive biomarker for GR antagonist therapy in cancer. The aim of this review is to investigate if GR expression in tumours is predictive of overall survival or progression free survival. Twenty-five studies were identified through systematic searches of three databases and a meta-analysis conducted using a random effects model, quantifying statistical heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis was conducted for cancer types and publication bias was assessed via funnel plots. There was high heterogeneity in meta-analysis of the studies in all cancer types, which found no association between high GR expression with overall survival (pooled unadjusted HR 1.16, 95% CI (0.89–1.50), n = 2814; pooled adjusted HR 1.02, 95% CI (0.77–1.37), n = 2355) or progression-free survival (pooled unadjusted HR 1.12, 95% CI (0.88–1.42), n = 3365; pooled adjusted HR 1.04, 95% CI (0.6–1.81), n = 582) across all cancer types. However, subgroup meta-analyses showed that high GR expression in gynaecological cancers (endometrial and ovarian) (unadjusted HR 1.83, 95% CI (1.31–2.56), n = 664) and early stage, untreated triple negative breast cancers (TNBCs) (unadjusted HR 1.73, 95% CI (1.35–2.23), n = 687) is associated with disease progression. GR expression in late stage, chemotherapy treated TNBC was not prognostic (unadjusted HR 0.76, 95% CI (0.44, 1.32), n = 287). In conclusion, high GR expression is associated with an increased risk of disease progression in gynaecological and early stage, untreated TNBC. Additional studies are required to elucidate the tumour specific function of the GR receptor in order to ensure GR antagonists target the correct patient groups.
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Clarisse D, Beck IM. New Tricks of Our Old Friend the Glucocorticoid Receptor: From Combating Ulcerative Colitis to Preventing Associated Colorectal Cancer. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 11:1541-1542. [PMID: 33684386 PMCID: PMC8099677 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dorien Clarisse
- Translational Nuclear Receptor Research, VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ilse M Beck
- Department of Health Sciences, Odisee University College, Ghent, Belgium.
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Zhidkova EM, Lylova ES, Savinkova AV, Mertsalov SA, Kirsanov KI, Belitsky GA, Yakubovskaya MG, Lesovaya EA. A Brief Overview of the Paradoxical Role of Glucocorticoids in Breast Cancer. BREAST CANCER-BASIC AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2020; 14:1178223420974667. [PMID: 33424228 PMCID: PMC7755940 DOI: 10.1177/1178223420974667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are stress hormones that play multiple roles in the regulation of cancer cell differentiation, apoptosis, and proliferation. Some types of cancers, such as hematological malignancies, can be effectively treated by GCs, whereas the responses of epithelial cancers to GC treatment vary, even within cancer subtypes. In particular, GCs are frequently used as supporting treatment of breast cancer (BC) to protect against chemotherapy side effects. In the therapy of nonaggressive luminal subtypes of BC, GCs can have auxiliary antitumor effects due to their cytotoxic actions on cancer cells. However, GCs can promote BC progression, colonization of distant metastatic sites, and metastasis. The effects of GCs on cell proliferation vary with BC subtype and its molecular profile and are realized via the activation of glucocorticoid receptor (GR), a well-known transcriptional factor involved in the regulation of the expression of multiple genes, cell-cell adhesion, and cell migration and polarity. This review focuses on the roles of GC signaling in the adhesion, migration, and metastasis of BC cells. We discuss the molecular mechanisms of GC actions that lead to BC metastasis and propose alternative pharmacological uses of GCs for BC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina M Zhidkova
- Department of Oncology, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Evgeniya S Lylova
- Department of Oncology, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alena V Savinkova
- Department of Oncology, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Kirill I Kirsanov
- Department of Oncology, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia.,Department of General Medical Practice, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Gennady A Belitsky
- Department of Oncology, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marianna G Yakubovskaya
- Department of Oncology, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Lesovaya
- Department of Oncology, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia.,I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University, Ryazan, Russia
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33
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Malavia N, Kuche K, Ghadi R, Jain S. A bird's eye view of the advanced approaches and strategies for overshadowing triple negative breast cancer. J Control Release 2020; 330:72-100. [PMID: 33321156 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most aggressive form of breast cancer. It is characterized by the absence of estrogen, progesterone and human epidermal growth factor receptors. The main issue with TNBC is that it exhibits poor prognosis, high risk of relapse, short progression-free survival and low overall survival in patients. This is because the conventional therapy used for managing TNBC has issues pertaining to poor bioavailability, lower cellular uptake, increased off-target effects and development of resistance. To overcome such pitfalls, several other approaches are explored. In this context, the present manuscript showcases three of the most widely used approaches which are (i) nanotechnology-based approach; (ii) gene therapy approach and (iii) Phytochemical-based approach. The ultimate focus is to present and explain the insightful reports based on these approaches. Further, the review also expounds on the identified molecular targets and novel targeting ligands which are explored for managing TNBC effectively. Thus, in a nutshell, the review tries to highlight these existing treatment approaches which might inspire for future development of novel therapies with a potential of overshadowing TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh Malavia
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Kaushik Kuche
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Rohan Ghadi
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Sanyog Jain
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, India.
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34
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Dwyer AR, Kerkvliet CP, Krutilina RI, Playa HC, Parke DN, Thomas WA, Smeester BA, Moriarity BS, Seagroves TN, Lange CA. Breast Tumor Kinase (Brk/PTK6) Mediates Advanced Cancer Phenotypes via SH2-Domain Dependent Activation of RhoA and Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) Signaling. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 19:329-345. [PMID: 33172975 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Protein tyrosine kinase 6 (PTK6; also called Brk) is overexpressed in 86% of patients with breast cancer; high PTK6 expression predicts poor outcome. We reported PTK6 induction by HIF/GR complexes in response to either cellular or host stress. However, PTK6-driven signaling events in the context of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remain undefined. In a mouse model of TNBC, manipulation of PTK6 levels (i.e., via knock-out or add-back) had little effect on primary tumor volume, but altered lung metastasis. To delineate the mechanisms of PTK6 downstream signaling, we created kinase-dead (KM) and kinase-intact domain structure mutants of PTK6 via in-frame deletions of the N-terminal SH3 or SH2 domains. While the PTK6 kinase domain contributed to soft-agar colony formation, PTK6 kinase activity was entirely dispensable for cell migration. Specifically, TNBC models expressing a PTK6 variant lacking the SH2 domain (SH2-del PTK6) were unresponsive to growth factor-stimulated cell motility relative to SH3-del, KM, or wild-type PTK6 controls. Reverse-phase protein array revealed that while intact PTK6 mediates spheroid formation via p38 MAPK signaling, the SH2 domain of PTK6 limits this biology, and instead mediates TNBC cell motility via activation of the RhoA and/or AhR signaling pathways. Inhibition of RhoA and/or AhR blocked TNBC cell migration as well as the branching/invasive morphology of PTK6+/AhR+ primary breast tumor tissue organoids. Inhibition of RhoA also enhanced paclitaxel cytotoxicity in TNBC cells, including in a taxane-refractory TNBC model. IMPLICATIONS: The SH2-domain of PTK6 is a potent effector of advanced cancer phenotypes in TNBC via RhoA and AhR, identified herein as novel therapeutic targets in PTK6+ breast tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy R Dwyer
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | | | - Raisa I Krutilina
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Center for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Hilaire C Playa
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Center for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Deanna N Parke
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Center for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Warner A Thomas
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Center for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | | | | | - Tiffany N Seagroves
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Center for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee.
| | - Carol A Lange
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
- Departments of Medicine (Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation) and Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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35
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Guo Z, Han L, Fu Y, Wu Z, Ma Y, Li Y, Wang H, Jiang L, Liang S, Wang Z, Li F, Xiao W, Wang J, Wang Y. Systematic Evaluation of the Diagnostic and Prognostic Significance of Competitive Endogenous RNA Networks in Prostate Cancer. Front Genet 2020; 11:785. [PMID: 32849794 PMCID: PMC7406720 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)-mediated competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks act as essential mechanisms in tumor initiation and progression, but their diagnostic and prognostic significance in prostate cancer (PCa) remains poorly understood. Presently, using the RNA expression data derived from multiple independent PCa-related studies, we constructed a high confidence and PCa-specific core ceRNA network by employing three lncRNA-gene inference approaches and key node filter strategies and then established a logistic model and risk score formula to evaluate its diagnostic and prognostic values, respectively. The core ceRNA network consists of 10 nodes, all of which are significantly associated with clinical outcomes. Combination of expression of the 10 ceRNAs with a logistic model achieved AUC of ROC and PR curve up to ∼96 and 99% in excluding normal prostate samples, respectively. Additionally, a risk score formula constructed with the ceRNAs exhibited significant association with disease-free survival. More importantly, utilizing the expression of RNAs in the core ceRNA network as a molecular signature, the TCGA-PRAD cohort was divided into four novel clinically relevant subgroups with distinct expression patterns, highlighting a feasible way for improving patient stratification in the future. Overall, we constructed a PCa-specific core ceRNA network, which provides diagnostic and prognostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihu Guo
- College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liang Han
- Department of Andrology, Fangshan Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yingxue Fu
- College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ziyin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of New-Tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Lianyungang, China
| | - Yaohua Ma
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yueping Li
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Haiqing Wang
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Shengnan Liang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhenzhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of New-Tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Lianyungang, China
| | - Furong Li
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of New-Tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Lianyungang, China
| | - Jingbo Wang
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yonghua Wang
- College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
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36
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Conway ME, McDaniel JM, Graham JM, Guillen KP, Oliver PG, Parker SL, Yue P, Turkson J, Buchsbaum DJ, Welm BE, Myers RM, Varley KE. STAT3 and GR Cooperate to Drive Gene Expression and Growth of Basal-Like Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancer Res 2020; 80:4355-4370. [PMID: 32816914 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-1379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancers are divided into subtypes with different prognoses and treatment responses based on global differences in gene expression. Luminal breast cancer gene expression and proliferation are driven by estrogen receptor alpha, and targeting this transcription factor is the most effective therapy for this subtype. By contrast, it remains unclear which transcription factors drive the gene expression signature that defines basal-like triple-negative breast cancer, and there are no targeted therapies approved to treat this aggressive subtype. In this study, we utilized integrated genomic analysis of DNA methylation, chromatin accessibility, transcription factor binding, and gene expression in large collections of breast cancer cell lines and patient tumors to identify transcription factors responsible for the basal-like gene expression program. Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and STAT3 bind to the same genomic regulatory regions, which were specifically open and unmethylated in basal-like breast cancer. These transcription factors cooperated to regulate expression of hundreds of genes in the basal-like gene expression signature, which were associated with poor prognosis. Combination treatment with small-molecule inhibitors of both transcription factors resulted in synergistic decreases in cell growth in cell lines and patient-derived organoid models. This study demonstrates that GR and STAT3 cooperate to regulate the basal-like breast cancer gene expression program and provides the basis for improved therapy for basal-like triple-negative breast cancer through rational combination of STAT3 and GR inhibitors. SIGNIFICANCE: This study demonstrates that GR and STAT3 cooperate to activate the canonical gene expression signature of basal-like triple-negative breast cancer and that combination treatment with STAT3 and GR inhibitors could provide synergistic therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Conway
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Joy M McDaniel
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama
| | - James M Graham
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Katrin P Guillen
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Patsy G Oliver
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | | | - Peibin Yue
- Department of Medicine and Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - James Turkson
- Department of Medicine and Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Donald J Buchsbaum
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Bryan E Welm
- Department of Surgery, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Richard M Myers
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama
| | - Katherine E Varley
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
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37
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Shi W, Wang D, Yuan X, Liu Y, Guo X, Li J, Song J. Glucocorticoid receptor-IRS-1 axis controls EMT and the metastasis of breast cancers. J Mol Cell Biol 2020; 11:1042-1055. [PMID: 30726932 PMCID: PMC6934157 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjz001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is involved in the transcriptional regulation of genes that are important for various biological functions, including tumor growth and metastatic progression. However, the cellular and biological effects of GR remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the role of GR and its underlying mechanism in mediating breast cancer cell survival and metastasis. We observed that the GR levels were increased in drug-resistant breast cancer cells and in metastatic breast cancer samples. GR promoted tumor cell invasion and lung metastasis in vivo. The GR expression levels were negatively correlated with the survival rates of breast cancer patients. Both ectopic expression and knockdown of GR revealed that GR is a strong inducer of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which is consistent with its effects on cell survival and metastasis. GR suppressed the expression of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) by acting as an IRS-1 transcriptional repressor. In addition, GR has an opposite effect on the expression levels of IRS-2, indicating that GR is able to differentially regulate the IRS-1 and IRS-2 expression. The cellular and biological effects elicited by GR were consistent with the reduced levels of IRS-1 observed in cancer cells, and GR-mediated IRS-1 suppression activated the ERK2 MAP kinase pathway, which is required for GR-mediated EMT. Taken together, our results indicate that GR–IRS-1 signaling axis plays an essential role in regulating the survival, invasion, and metastasis of breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinwang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojie Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingsong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianguo Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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38
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Mojica CAR, Ybañez WS, Olarte KCV, Poblete ABC, Bagamasbad PD. Differential Glucocorticoid-Dependent Regulation and Function of the ERRFI1 Gene in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Endocrinology 2020; 161:5841101. [PMID: 32432675 PMCID: PMC7316368 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqaa082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs; eg, hydrocortisone [CORT]) are routinely used as chemotherapeutic, anti-emetic, and palliative agents in breast cancer (BCa) therapy. The effects of GC signaling on BCa progression, however, remain a contentious topic as GC treatment seems to be beneficial for receptor-positive subtypes but elicits unfavorable responses in triple-negative BCa (TNBC). The mechanistic basis for these conflicting effects of GC in BCa is poorly understood. In this study, we sought to decipher the molecular mechanisms that govern the GC-dependent induction of the tumor suppressor ERRFI1 gene, an inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling, and characterize the role of the GC-ERRFI1 regulatory axis in TNBC. Treatment of TNBC cell lines with a protein synthesis inhibitor or GC receptor (GR) antagonist followed by gene expression analysis suggests that ERRFI1 is a direct GR target. Using in silico analysis coupled with enhancer-reporter assays, we identified a putative ERRFI1 enhancer that supports CORT-dependent transactivation. In orthogonal assays for cell proliferation, survival, migration, and apoptosis, CORT mostly facilitated an oncogenic phenotype regardless of malignancy status. Lentiviral knockdown and overexpression of ERRFI1 showed that the CORT-enhanced oncogenic phenotype is restricted by ERRFI1 in the normal breast epithelial model MCF10A and to a lesser degree in the metastatic TNBC line MDA-MB-468. Conversely, ERRFI1 conferred pro-tumorigenic effects in the highly metastatic TNBC model MDA-MB-231. Taken together, our findings suggest that the progressive loss of the GC-dependent regulation and anti-tumorigenic function of ERRFI1 influences BCa progression and may contribute to the unfavorable effects of GC therapy in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chromewell Agustin R Mojica
- National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Weand S Ybañez
- National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Kevin Christian V Olarte
- National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Alyssa Beatrice C Poblete
- National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Pia D Bagamasbad
- National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
- Correspondence: Pia D. Bagamasbad, PhD, National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, National Science Complex, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, Metro Manila 1101, Philippines. E-mail:
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Perez Kerkvliet C, Dwyer AR, Diep CH, Oakley RH, Liddle C, Cidlowski JA, Lange CA. Glucocorticoid receptors are required effectors of TGFβ1-induced p38 MAPK signaling to advanced cancer phenotypes in triple-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2020; 22:39. [PMID: 32357907 PMCID: PMC7193415 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-020-01277-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altered signaling pathways typify breast cancer and serve as direct inputs to steroid hormone receptor sensors. We previously reported that phospho-Ser134-GR (pS134-GR) species are elevated in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and cooperate with hypoxia-inducible factors, providing a novel avenue for activation of GR in response to local or cellular stress. METHODS We probed GR regulation by factors (cytokines, growth factors) that are rich within the tumor microenvironment (TME). TNBC cells harboring endogenous wild-type (wt) or S134A-GR species were created by CRISPR/Cas knock-in and subjected to transwell migration, invasion, soft-agar colony formation, and tumorsphere assays. RNA-seq was employed to identify pS134-GR target genes that are regulated both basally (intrinsic) or by TGFβ1 in the absence of exogenously added GR ligands. Regulation of selected basal and TGFβ1-induced pS134-GR target genes was validated by qRT-PCR and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. Bioinformatics tools were used to probe public data sets for expression of pS134-GR 24-gene signatures. RESULTS In the absence of GR ligands, GR is transcriptionally activated via p38-dependent phosphorylation of Ser134 as a mechanism of homeostatic stress-sensing and regulated upon exposure of TNBC cells to TME-derived agents. The ligand-independent pS134-GR transcriptome encompasses TGFβ1 and MAPK signaling gene sets associated with TNBC cell survival and migration/invasion. Accordingly, pS134-GR was essential for TNBC cell anchorage-independent growth in soft-agar, migration, invasion, and tumorsphere formation, an in vitro readout of cancer stemness properties. Both pS134-GR and expression of the MAPK-scaffolding molecule 14-3-3ζ were essential for a functionally intact p38 MAPK signaling pathway downstream of MAP3K5/ASK1, indicative of a feedforward signaling loop wherein self-perpetuated GR phosphorylation enables cancer cell autonomy. A 24-gene pS134-GR-dependent signature induced by TGFβ1 predicts shortened overall survival in breast cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS Phospho-S134-GR is a critical downstream effector of p38 MAPK signaling and TNBC migration/invasion, survival, and stemness properties. Our studies define a ligand-independent role for GR as a homeostatic "sensor" of intrinsic stimuli as well as extrinsic factors rich within the TME (TGFβ1) that enable potent activation of the p38 MAPK stress-sensing pathway and nominate pS134-GR as a therapeutic target in aggressive TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Perez Kerkvliet
- Departments of Medicine (Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation) and Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center, Delivery Code 2812 Cancer and Cardiovascular Research Building; Suite 3-126 2231 6th St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - Amy R. Dwyer
- Departments of Medicine (Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation) and Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center, Delivery Code 2812 Cancer and Cardiovascular Research Building; Suite 3-126 2231 6th St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - Caroline H. Diep
- Departments of Medicine (Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation) and Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center, Delivery Code 2812 Cancer and Cardiovascular Research Building; Suite 3-126 2231 6th St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - Robert H. Oakley
- Department of Health and Human Services, Laboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 USA
| | - Christopher Liddle
- Storr Liver Centre, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research and Westmead Hospital, University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - John A. Cidlowski
- Department of Health and Human Services, Laboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 USA
| | - Carol A. Lange
- Departments of Medicine (Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation) and Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center, Delivery Code 2812 Cancer and Cardiovascular Research Building; Suite 3-126 2231 6th St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
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40
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Kanai A, McNamara KM, Iwabuchi E, Miki Y, Onodera Y, Guestini F, Khalid F, Sagara Y, Ohi Y, Rai Y, Yamaguchi R, Tanaka M, Miyashita M, Ishida T, Sasano H. Significance of glucocorticoid signaling in triple-negative breast cancer patients: a newly revealed interaction with androgen signaling. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2020; 180:97-110. [PMID: 31989378 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-020-05523-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chemotherapy is the only current effective systemic treatment for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients. Therefore, the identification of active biological pathways that could become therapeutic targets is crucial. In this study, considering the well-reported biological roles of glucocorticoid and androgen receptors (GR, AR) in TNBC, we attempted to explore the effects of glucocorticoids (GCs) on cell kinetics as well as the potential interaction between GR and AR in TNBC. METHODS We first explored the association between the status of GR, AR, and/or GCs-metabolizing enzymes such as 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11βHSD) 1 and 2 and the clinicopathological variables of the TNBC patients. Thereafter, we also studied the effects of dexamethasone (DEX) with/without dihydrotestosterone (DHT) on TNBC cell lines by assessing the cell proliferation, migration and GC response genes at the transcriptional level. RESULTS GR positivity in carcinoma cells was significantly associated with adverse clinical outcome of the patients and AR positivity was significantly associated with lower histological grade and Ki-67 labeling index of the cases examined. In particular, AR positivity was significantly associated with decreased risks of developing recurrence in GR-positive TNBC patients. The subsequent in vitro studies revealed that DEX-promoted cell migration was inhibited by the co-treatment with DHT in GR/AR double-positive HCC38 cells. In addition, DHT inhibited the DEX-increased serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase-1 (SGK1) mRNA expression. CONCLUSION This is the first study to reveal that the interaction of GR and AR did influence the clinical outcome of TNBC patients and GCs induced cell migration in TNBC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Kanai
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgical Oncology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Keely May McNamara
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Erina Iwabuchi
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Miki
- Department of Disaster Obstetrics and Gynecology, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Onodera
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Fouzia Guestini
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Freeha Khalid
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Sagara
- Sagara Hospital, 3-31, Matsubara-cho, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, 892-0833, Japan
| | - Yasuyo Ohi
- Sagara Hospital, 3-31, Matsubara-cho, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, 892-0833, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Rai
- Sagara Hospital, 3-31, Matsubara-cho, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, 892-0833, Japan
| | - Rin Yamaguchi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kurume University Medical Center, 155-1, Kokubu-machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 839-0863, Japan
| | - Maki Tanaka
- JCHO Kurume General Hospital, 21, Kushihara-machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0013, Japan
| | - Minoru Miyashita
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgical Oncology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Takanori Ishida
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgical Oncology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hironobu Sasano
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
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41
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Zou Y, Lin X, Bu J, Lin Z, Chen Y, Qiu Y, Mo H, Tang Y, Fang W, Wu Z. Timeless-Stimulated miR-5188-FOXO1/β-Catenin-c-Jun Feedback Loop Promotes Stemness via Ubiquitination of β-Catenin in Breast Cancer. Mol Ther 2020; 28:313-327. [PMID: 31604679 PMCID: PMC6951841 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2019.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an essential role in the self-renewal of breast cancer stem cells (BCCs). Our study aimed to clarify the role of proto-oncogene c-Jun-regulated miR-5188 in breast cancer progression and its association with Timeless-mediated cancer stemness. In the present study, we showed that miR-5188 exerted an oncogenic effect by inducing breast cancer stemness, proliferation, metastasis, and chemoresistance in vitro and in vivo. The mechanistic analysis demonstrated that miR-5188 directly targeted FOXO1, which interacted with β-catenin in the cytoplasm, facilitated β-catenin degradation, and impaired the nuclear accumulation of β-catenin, thus stimulating the activation of known Wnt targets, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, and key regulators of cancer stemness. Moreover, miR-5188 potentiated Wnt/β-catenin/c-Jun signaling to promote breast cancer progression. Interestingly, c-Jun enhanced miR-5188 transcription to form a positive regulatory loop, and Timeless interacted with Sp1/c-Jun to induce miR-5188 expression by promoting c-Jun-mediated transcription, which further activated miR-5188-FOXO1/β-catenin-c-Jun loop and facilitated breast cancer progression. Importantly, miR-5188 was upregulated in breast cancer and was positively correlated with poor patient prognosis. This study identifies miR-5188 as a novel oncomiR and provides a new theoretical basis for the clinical use of miR-5188 antagonists in the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Zou
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510310, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Xian Lin
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510310, China
| | - Junguo Bu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Zelong Lin
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510310, China
| | - Yanjuan Chen
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510310, China
| | - Yunhui Qiu
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510310, China
| | - Haiyue Mo
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510310, China
| | - Yao Tang
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510310, China
| | - Weiyi Fang
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510310, China.
| | - Ziqing Wu
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510310, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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42
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Gong JH, Zheng YB, Zhang MR, Wang YX, Yang SQ, Wang RH, Miao QF, Liu XJ, Zhen YS. Dexamethasone enhances the antitumor efficacy of Gemcitabine by glucocorticoid receptor signaling. Cancer Biol Ther 2020; 21:332-343. [PMID: 31906826 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2019.1702399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gemcitabine (Gem) is currently used as the first-line therapy for liver and pancreatic cancer but has limited efficacy in most cases. Dexamethasone (Dex) have been applied as a chemoprotectant and chemosensitizer in cancer chemotherapy. This study further explored the potential of combination of Gem and Dex and tested the hypothesis that glucocorticoid receptor signaling is essential for the synergistic antitumor activity. In the HepG2 and AsPC-1 xenograft models, the combination treatment showed a significantly synergistic antitumor activity. Immunohistochemistry of post-treatment tumors showed a significant decrease in proliferation and angiogenesis as compared to either of the treatments alone. Dex alone and the combination with Gem inhibited the expression of glucocorticoid receptor. The combination of Dex and Gem showed synergistic cytotoxicity in cell lines in vitro. The antiproliferative synergism is prevented by used glucocorticoid receptor (GR) small interfering RNA, demonstrating that the glucocorticoid receptor is required for the antiproliferative synergism of Gem and Dex. The inhibition of glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathway and induction of apoptosis via activation of caspases 3, 8 and 9, PARP, contributed to the synergistic effect of this combination therapy. These results demonstrate that Dex could potentiate the antitumor efficacy of Gem. The synergistic antitumor activity of the combination of Dex and Gem was through glucocorticoid receptor signaling. Taken together, a combination of Dex and Gem shows a significant synergistic antitumor activity and lesser toxicity both in vitro and in vivo and could be a combination chemotherapy for the treatment of highly expression of glucocorticoid receptor patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Hua Gong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Bo Zheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Meng-Ran Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue-Xuan Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Si-Qi Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Rui-Hai Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qing-Fang Miao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiu-Jun Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Su Zhen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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43
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Kumar R. Emerging role of glucocorticoid receptor in castration resistant prostate cancer: A potential therapeutic target. J Cancer 2020; 11:696-701. [PMID: 31942193 PMCID: PMC6959034 DOI: 10.7150/jca.32497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are used as co-medication with chemotherapy for solid tumors to reduce inflammation as well as cytotoxic side effects and are effective in easing symptoms related to chemotherapy. However, emerging evidence suggests that glucocorticoids may contribute to failure of chemotherapy and tumor progression of castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Thus, in recent years, glucocorticoid signaling pathway has become an important therapeutic target for CRPC. Understanding the exact mechanism of GR actions in CRPC is still work in progress. There are studies suggesting that GR expression can be upregulated following antiandrogen therapy and can contribute to resistance to hormone therapies. Therefore, attempts are being made to develop selective glucocorticoid receptor modulators that specifically antagonize GR activity in CRPC, and thereby provide clinical benefit by blocking the GR mechanism for tumor growth. However, more targeted approaches are needed to understand the role of the GR-mediated target gene expressions in the CRPC that could in near future lead to better therapeutic options for patients with CRPC. This review highlights current perspectives on the actions of glucocorticoids during tumor progression and metastasis of CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Kumar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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44
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Yuan F, Hankey W, Wu D, Wang H, Somarelli J, Armstrong AJ, Huang J, Chen Z, Wang Q. Molecular determinants for enzalutamide-induced transcription in prostate cancer. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:10104-10114. [PMID: 31501863 PMCID: PMC6821169 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzalutamide, a second-generation androgen receptor (AR) antagonist, has demonstrated clinical benefit in men with prostate cancer. However, it only provides a temporary response and modest increase in survival, indicating a rapid evolution of resistance. Previous studies suggest that enzalutamide may function as a partial transcriptional agonist, but the underlying mechanisms for enzalutamide-induced transcription remain poorly understood. Here, we show that enzalutamide stimulates expression of a novel subset of genes distinct from androgen-responsive genes. Treatment of prostate cancer cells with enzalutamide enhances recruitment of pioneer factor GATA2, AR, Mediator subunits MED1 and MED14, and RNA Pol II to regulatory elements of enzalutamide-responsive genes. Mechanistically, GATA2 globally directs enzalutamide-induced transcription by facilitating AR, Mediator and Pol II loading to enzalutamide-responsive gene loci. Importantly, the GATA2 inhibitor K7174 inhibits enzalutamide-induced transcription by decreasing binding of the GATA2/AR/Mediator/Pol II transcriptional complex, contributing to sensitization of prostate cancer cells to enzalutamide treatment. Our findings provide mechanistic insight into the future combination of GATA2 inhibitors and enzalutamide for improved AR-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuwen Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - William Hankey
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Dayong Wu
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Jason Somarelli
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Andrew J Armstrong
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.,Duke Cancer Institute Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.,Departments of Surgery, Pharmacology, and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Jiaoti Huang
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.,Duke Cancer Institute Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Qianben Wang
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.,Duke Cancer Institute Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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45
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He L, Yuan L, Sun Y, Wang P, Zhang H, Feng X, Wang Z, Zhang W, Yang C, Zeng YA, Zhao Y, Chen C, Zhang L. Glucocorticoid Receptor Signaling Activates TEAD4 to Promote Breast Cancer Progression. Cancer Res 2019; 79:4399-4411. [PMID: 31289134 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Hippo pathway plays a critical role in cell growth and tumorigenesis. The activity of TEA domain transcription factor 4 (TEAD4) determines the output of Hippo signaling; however, the regulation and function of TEAD4 has not been explored extensively. Here, we identified glucocorticoids (GC) as novel activators of TEAD4. GC treatment facilitated glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-dependent nuclear accumulation and transcriptional activation of TEAD4. TEAD4 positively correlated with GR expression in human breast cancer, and high expression of TEAD4 predicted poor survival of patients with breast cancer. Mechanistically, GC activation promoted GR interaction with TEAD4, forming a complex that was recruited to the TEAD4 promoter to boost its own expression. Functionally, the activation of TEAD4 by GC promoted breast cancer stem cells maintenance, cell survival, metastasis, and chemoresistance both in vitro and in vivo. Pharmacologic inhibition of TEAD4 inhibited GC-induced breast cancer chemoresistance. In conclusion, our study reveals a novel regulation and functional role of TEAD4 in breast cancer and proposes a potential new strategy for breast cancer therapy. SIGNIFICANCE: This study provides new insight into the role of glucocorticoid signaling in breast cancer, with potential for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingli He
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Yuan
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Pingyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuoyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Arial Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ceshi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, People's Republic of China. .,Institute of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. .,Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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46
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Stress hormone-mediated acceleration of breast cancer metastasis is halted by inhibition of nitric oxide synthase. Cancer Lett 2019; 459:59-71. [PMID: 31132432 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Stress hormones have been shown to be important mediators in driving malignant growth and reducing treatment efficacy in breast cancer. Glucocorticoids can induce DNA damage through an inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mediated pathway to increase levels of nitric oxide (NO). Using an immune competent mouse breast cancer model and 66CL4 breast cancer cells we identified a novel role of NOS inhibition to reduce stress-induced breast cancer metastasis. On a mechanistic level we show that the glucocorticoid cortisol induces expression of keys genes associated with angiogenesis, as well as pro-tumourigenic immunomodulation. Transcriptomics analysis confirmed that in the lungs of tumour-bearing mice, stress significantly enriched pathways associated with tumourigenesis, some of which could be regulated with NOS inhibition. These results demonstrate the detrimental involvement of NOS in stress hormone signalling, and the potential future benefits of NOS inhibition in highly stressed patients.
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47
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Coons LA, Burkholder AB, Hewitt SC, McDonnell DP, Korach KS. Decoding the Inversion Symmetry Underlying Transcription Factor DNA-Binding Specificity and Functionality in the Genome. iScience 2019; 15:552-591. [PMID: 31152742 PMCID: PMC6542189 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding why a transcription factor (TF) binds to a specific DNA element in the genome and whether that binding event affects transcriptional output remains a great challenge. In this study, we demonstrate that TF binding in the genome follows inversion symmetry (IS). In addition, the specific DNA elements where TFs bind in the genome are determined by internal IS within the DNA element. These DNA-binding rules quantitatively define how TFs select the appropriate regulatory targets from a large number of similar DNA elements in the genome to elicit specific transcriptional and cellular responses. Importantly, we also demonstrate that these DNA-binding rules extend to DNA elements that do not support transcriptional activity. That is, the DNA-binding rules are obeyed, but the retention time of the TF at these non-functional DNA elements is not long enough to initiate and/or maintain transcription. We further demonstrate that IS is universal within the genome. Thus, IS is the DNA code that TFs use to interact with the genome and dictates (in conjunction with known DNA sequence constraints) which of those interactions are functionally active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurel A Coons
- Receptor Biology Section, Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/National Institutes of Health, 111 T.W. Alexander Dr., Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Adam B Burkholder
- Integrative Bioinformatics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Sylvia C Hewitt
- Receptor Biology Section, Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/National Institutes of Health, 111 T.W. Alexander Dr., Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Donald P McDonnell
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kenneth S Korach
- Receptor Biology Section, Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/National Institutes of Health, 111 T.W. Alexander Dr., Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
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48
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Cortisol-induced SRSF3 expression promotes GR splicing, RACK1 expression and breast cancer cells migration. Pharmacol Res 2019; 143:17-26. [PMID: 30862604 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Recent data have demonstrated that triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) with high glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression are associated to therapy resistance and increased mortality. Given that GR alternative splicing generates mainly GRα, responsible of glucocorticoids action, we investigated its role in the regulation of RACK1 (Receptor for Activated C Kinase 1), a scaffolding protein with a GRE (Glucocorticoid Response Element) site on its promoter and involved in breast cancer cells migration and invasion. We provide the first evidence that GRα transcriptionally regulates RACK1 by a mechanism connected to SRSF3 splicing factor, which promotes GRα, essential for RACK1 transcriptional regulation and consequently for cells migration. We also establish that this mechanism can be positively regulated by cortisol. Hence, our data elucidate RACK1 transcriptional regulation and demonstrate that SRSF3 involvement in cells migration implies its role in controlling different pathways thus highlighting that new players have to be considered in GR-positive TNBC.
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49
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Rew Y, Du X, Eksterowicz J, Zhou H, Jahchan N, Zhu L, Yan X, Kawai H, McGee LR, Medina JC, Huang T, Chen C, Zavorotinskaya T, Sutimantanapi D, Waszczuk J, Jackson E, Huang E, Ye Q, Fantin VR, Sun D. Discovery of a Potent and Selective Steroidal Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist (ORIC-101). J Med Chem 2018; 61:7767-7784. [PMID: 30091920 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) has been linked to therapy resistance across a wide range of cancer types. Preclinical data suggest that antagonists of this nuclear receptor may enhance the activity of anticancer therapy. The first-generation GR antagonist mifepristone is currently undergoing clinical evaluation in various oncology settings. Structure-based modification of mifepristone led to the discovery of ORIC-101 (28), a highly potent steroidal GR antagonist with reduced androgen receptor (AR) agonistic activity amenable for dosing in androgen receptor positive tumors and with improved CYP2C8 and CYP2C9 inhibition profile to minimize drug-drug interaction potential. Unlike mifepristone, 28 could be codosed with chemotherapeutic agents readily metabolized by CYP2C8 such as paclitaxel. Furthermore, 28 demonstrated in vivo antitumor activity by enhancing response to chemotherapy in the GR+ OVCAR5 ovarian cancer xenograft model. Clinical evaluation of safety and therapeutic potential of 28 is underway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosup Rew
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Xiaohui Du
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - John Eksterowicz
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Haiying Zhou
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Nadine Jahchan
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Liusheng Zhu
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Xuelei Yan
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Hiroyuki Kawai
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Lawrence R McGee
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Julio C Medina
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Tom Huang
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Chelsea Chen
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Tatiana Zavorotinskaya
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Dena Sutimantanapi
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Joanna Waszczuk
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Erica Jackson
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Elizabeth Huang
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Qiuping Ye
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Valeria R Fantin
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Daqing Sun
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
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Pseudopterosin Inhibits Proliferation and 3D Invasion in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer by Agonizing Glucocorticoid Receptor Alpha. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23081992. [PMID: 30103404 PMCID: PMC6222322 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23081992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudopterosin, produced by the sea whip of the genus Antillogorgia, possesses a variety of promising biological activities, including potent anti-inflammatory effects. However, few studies examined pseudopterosin in the treatment of cancer cells and, to our knowledge, the ability to inhibit triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) proliferation or invasion has not been explored. Thus, we evaluated the as-yet unknown mechanism of action of pseudopterosin: Pseudopterosin was able to inhibit proliferation of TNBC. Interestingly, analyzing breast cancer cell proliferation after knocking down glucocorticoid receptor α (GRα) revealed that the antiproliferative effects of pseudopterosin were significantly inhibited when GRα expression was reduced. Furthermore, pseudopterosin inhibited the invasion of MDA-MB-231 3D tumor spheroids embedded in an extracellular-like matrix. Remarkably, the knockdown of GRα in 3D tumor spheroids revealed increased ability of cells to invade the surrounding matrix. In a coculture, encompassing peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and MDA-MB-231 cells, and the production of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 8 (IL-8) significantly increased compared to a monoculture. Notably, pseudopterosin indicated to block cytokine elevation, representing key players in tumor progression in the coculture. Thus, our results reveal pseudopterosin treatment as a potential novel approach in TNBC therapy.
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