1
|
Lee I, Lee A, Shin S, Kumar S, Nam MH, Kang KW, Kim BS, Cho SD, Kim H, Han S, Park SH, Seo S, Jun HS. Use of a platform with lens-free shadow imaging technology to monitor natural killer cell activity. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 261:116512. [PMID: 38908292 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are a crucial component of the innate immune system. This study introduces Cellytics NK, a novel platform for rapid and precise measurement of NK cell activity. This platform combines an NK-specific activation stimulator cocktail (ASC) and lens-free shadow imaging technology (LSIT), using optoelectronic components. LSIT captures digital hologram images of resting and ASC-activated NK cells, while an algorithm evaluates cell size and cytoplasmic complexity using shadow parameters. The combined shadow parameter derived from the peak-to-peak distance and width standard deviation rapidly distinguishes active NK cells from inactive NK cells at the single-cell level within 30 s. Here, the feasibility of the system was demonstrated by assessing NK cells from healthy donors and immunocompromised cancer patients, demonstrating a significant difference in the innate immunity index (I3). Cancer patients showed a lower I3 value (161%) than healthy donors (326%). I3 was strongly correlated with NK cell activity measured using various markers such as interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, perforin, granzyme B, and CD107a. This technology holds promise for advancing immune functional assays, offering rapid and accurate on-site analysis of NK cells, a crucial innate immune cell, with its compact and cost-effective optoelectronic setup, especially in the post-COVID-19 era.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inha Lee
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong, 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahyeon Lee
- Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Korea University, Sejong, 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghoon Shin
- Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Korea University, Sejong, 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Samir Kumar
- Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Korea University, Sejong, 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Hyun Nam
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ka-Won Kang
- Department of Hematology, Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Soo Kim
- Department of Hematology, Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Dong Cho
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hawon Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunmi Han
- Metaimmunetech Inc., Sejong, 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Hyung Park
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungkyu Seo
- Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Korea University, Sejong, 30019, Republic of Korea; Metaimmunetech Inc., Sejong, 30019, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun Sik Jun
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong, 30019, Republic of Korea; Metaimmunetech Inc., Sejong, 30019, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Schoenfeld K, Harwardt J, Kolmar H. Better safe than sorry: dual targeting antibodies for cancer immunotherapy. Biol Chem 2024; 405:443-459. [PMID: 38297991 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2023-0329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Antibody-based therapies are revolutionizing cancer treatment and experience a steady increase from preclinical and clinical pipelines to market share. While the clinical success of monoclonal antibodies is frequently limited by low response rates, treatment resistance and various other factors, multispecific antibodies open up new prospects by addressing tumor complexity as well as immune response actuation potently improving safety and efficacy. Novel antibody approaches involve simultaneous binding of two antigens on one cell implying increased specificity and reduced tumor escape for dual tumor-associated antigen targeting and enhanced and durable cytotoxic effects for dual immune cell-related antigen targeting. This article reviews antibody and cell-based therapeutics for oncology with intrinsic dual targeting of either tumor cells or immune cells. As revealed in various preclinical studies and clinical trials, dual targeting molecules are promising candidates constituting the next generation of antibody drugs for fighting cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Schoenfeld
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Strasse 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Julia Harwardt
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Strasse 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Harald Kolmar
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Strasse 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
- Centre for Synthetic Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Biały S, Siemaszko J, Sobczyk-Kruszelnicka M, Fidyk W, Solarska I, Nasiłowska-Adamska B, Skowrońska P, Bieniaszewska M, Tomaszewska A, Basak GW, Giebel S, Wróbel T, Bogunia-Kubik K. Unravelling the potential of TIM-3 gene polymorphism in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation - a preliminary study. Transpl Immunol 2024; 85:102084. [PMID: 38992477 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2024.102084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 (TIM-3) molecule is a key regulator of the immune response by exerting an inhibitory effect on various types of immune cells. Understanding the role of TIM-3 in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) may improve transplant outcomes. Our study evaluated the potential association between TIM-3 polymorphisms, namely rs1036199 (A > C) or rs10515746 (C > A), changes which are located in exon 3 and the promoter region of the TIM-3 gene, and post-HSCT outcomes. METHODS One-hundred and twenty allogeneic HSCT patients and their respective donors were enrolled and genotyped for TIM-3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) using real-time PCR with TaqMan assays. RESULTS We found that the presence of the rare alleles and heterozygous genotypes of studied SNP in recipients tended to protect against or increase the risk for acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD). For the rs1036199 polymorphism, recipients with the AC heterozygous genotype (p = 0.0287) or carrying the rarer C allele (p = 0.0334) showed a lower frequency of aGvHD development along all I-IV grades. A similar association was detected for the rs10515746 polymorphism as recipients with the CA genotype (p = 0.0095) or the recessive A allele (p = 0.0117) less frequently developed aGvHD. Furthermore, the rarer A allele of rs10515746 SNP was also associated with a prolonged aGvHD-free survival (p = 0.0424). Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection was more common in patients transplanted with TIM-3 rs10515746 mismatched donors (p = 0.0229) and this association was also found to be independent of HLA incompatibility and pre-transplant CMV-IgG status. Multivariate analyses confirmed the role of these recessive alleles and donor-recipient TIM-3 incompatibility as an independent factor in aGvHD and CMV development. CONCLUSIONS Polymorphism of TIM-3 molecule may affect the immune response in HSCT patients. The recessive alleles of rs1036199 and rs10515746 SNPs decreased the risk of developing aGvHD. TIM-3 donor-recipient genetic matching may also affect the risk of post-transplant CMV infection, indicating the potential value of genetic profiling in optimizing transplant strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Biały
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunogenetics and Pharmacogenetics, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jagoda Siemaszko
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunogenetics and Pharmacogenetics, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Sobczyk-Kruszelnicka
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Hematology-Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Wojciech Fidyk
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Hematology-Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Iwona Solarska
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Maria Bieniaszewska
- Department of Hematology and Transplantology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Tomaszewska
- Department of Hematology, Transplantation and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz W Basak
- Department of Hematology, Transplantation and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sebastian Giebel
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Hematology-Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Tomasz Wróbel
- Department of Hematology, Blood Neoplasms and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Bogunia-Kubik
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunogenetics and Pharmacogenetics, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
List J, Gattringer J, Huszarek S, Marinovic S, Neubauer HA, Kudweis P, Putz EM, Hellinger R, Gotthardt D. Boosting the anti-tumor activity of natural killer cells by caripe 8 - A Carapichea ipecacuanha isolated cyclotide. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:117057. [PMID: 38976957 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Cyclotides are head-to-tail cyclized peptides with a unique cystine-knot motif. Their structure provides exceptional resistance against enzymatic, chemical, or thermal degradation compared to other peptides. Peptide-based therapeutics promise high specificity, selectivity and lower immunogenicity, making them safer alternatives to small molecules or large biologicals. Cyclotides were researched due to their anti-cancer properties by inducing apoptosis in tumor cells in the past, but the impact of cyclotides on cytotoxic immune cells was poorly studied. Natural Killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic innate lymphoid cells and play an important role in the defense against infected, stressed and transformed cells. NK cells do not need prior sensitization and act in an antigen independent manner, holding promising potential in the field of immunotherapy. To investigate the effect of immunomodulatory cyclotides on NK cells, we evaluated several peptide-enriched plant extracts on NK cell mediated cytotoxicity. We observed that the extract samples derived from Carapichea ipecacuanha (Brot.) L. Andersson augments the killing potential of mouse NK cells against different tumor targets in vitro. Subsequent isolation of cyclotides from C. ipecacuanha extracts led to the identification of a primary candidate that enhances cytotoxicity of both mouse and human NK cells. The augmented killing is facilitated by the increased degranulation capacity of NK cells. In addition, we noted a direct toxic effect of caripe 8 on tumor cells, suggesting a dual therapeutic potential in cancer treatment. This study offers novel insights how natural peptides can influence NK cell cytotoxicity. These pre-clinical findings hold significant promise for advancing current immunotherapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia List
- University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jasmin Gattringer
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Sonja Marinovic
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Ruder Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Petra Kudweis
- University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva-M Putz
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Roland Hellinger
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dambietz C, Heming M, Brix TJ, Schulte-Mecklenbeck A, Tepasse PR, Gross CC, Trebicka J, Wiendl H, Zu Hörste GM. Severe CSF immune cell alterations in cryptococcal meningitis gradually resolve during antifungal therapy. BMC Neurol 2024; 24:229. [PMID: 38961320 PMCID: PMC11221170 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-024-03742-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is a severe fungal disease in immunocompromised patients affecting the central nervous system (CNS). Host response and immunological alterations in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) after invasion of Cryptococcus neoformans to the central nervous system have been investigated before but rigorous and comprehensive studies examining cellular changes in the CSF of patients with cryptococccal meningitis are still rare. We retrospectively collected CSF analysis and flow cytometry data of CSF and blood in patients with CM (n = 7) and compared them to HIV positive patients without meningitis (n = 13) and HIV negative healthy controls (n = 7). Within the group of patients with CM we compared those with HIV infection (n = 3) or other immunocompromised conditions (n = 4). Flow cytometry analysis revealed an elevation of natural killer cells and natural killer T cells in the CSF and blood of HIV negative patients with CM, pointing to innate immune activation in early stages after fungal invasion. HIV positive patients with CM exhibited stronger blood-CSF-barrier disruption. Follow-up CSF analysis over up to 150 days showed heterogeneous cellular courses in CM patients with slow normalization of CSF after induction of antifungal therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Dambietz
- Department of Neurology With Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Bldg A1 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Michael Heming
- Department of Neurology With Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Bldg A1 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Tobias J Brix
- Institute of Medical Informatics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Andreas Schulte-Mecklenbeck
- Department of Neurology With Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Bldg A1 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Phil-Robin Tepasse
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Catharina C Gross
- Department of Neurology With Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Bldg A1 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Jonel Trebicka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Heinz Wiendl
- Department of Neurology With Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Bldg A1 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Gerd Meyer Zu Hörste
- Department of Neurology With Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Bldg A1 48149, Münster, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang D, Dou L, Sui L, Xue Y, Xu S. Natural killer cells in cancer immunotherapy. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e626. [PMID: 38882209 PMCID: PMC11179524 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells, as innate lymphocytes, possess cytotoxic capabilities and engage target cells through a repertoire of activating and inhibitory receptors. Particularly, natural killer group 2, member D (NKG2D) receptor on NK cells recognizes stress-induced ligands-the MHC class I chain-related molecules A and B (MICA/B) presented on tumor cells and is key to trigger the cytolytic response of NK cells. However, tumors have developed sophisticated strategies to evade NK cell surveillance, which lead to failure of tumor immunotherapy. In this paper, we summarized these immune escaping strategies, including the downregulation of ligands for activating receptors, upregulation of ligands for inhibitory receptors, secretion of immunosuppressive compounds, and the development of apoptosis resistance. Then, we focus on recent advancements in NK cell immune therapies, which include engaging activating NK cell receptors, upregulating NKG2D ligand MICA/B expression, blocking inhibitory NK cell receptors, adoptive NK cell therapy, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered NK cells (CAR-NK), and NKG2D CAR-T cells, especially several vaccines targeting MICA/B. This review will inspire the research in NK cell biology in tumor and provide significant hope for improving cancer treatment outcomes by harnessing the potent cytotoxic activity of NK cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- DanRu Wang
- National Key Lab of Immunity and Inflammation and Institute of Immunology Naval Medical University Shanghai China
| | - LingYun Dou
- National Key Lab of Immunity and Inflammation and Institute of Immunology Naval Medical University Shanghai China
| | - LiHao Sui
- National Key Lab of Immunity and Inflammation and Institute of Immunology Naval Medical University Shanghai China
| | - Yiquan Xue
- National Key Lab of Immunity and Inflammation and Institute of Immunology Naval Medical University Shanghai China
| | - Sheng Xu
- National Key Lab of Immunity and Inflammation and Institute of Immunology Naval Medical University Shanghai China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation Dongfang Hospital Shanghai China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang Y, Shi J, Xin M, Kahkoska AR, Wang J, Gu Z. Cell-drug conjugates. Nat Biomed Eng 2024:10.1038/s41551-024-01230-6. [PMID: 38951139 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-024-01230-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
By combining living cells with therapeutics, cell-drug conjugates can potentiate the functions of both components, particularly for applications in drug delivery and therapy. The conjugates can be designed to persist in the bloodstream, undergo chemotaxis, evade surveillance by the immune system, proliferate, or maintain or transform their cellular phenotypes. In this Review, we discuss strategies for the design of cell-drug conjugates with specific functions, the techniques for their preparation, and their applications in the treatment of cancers, autoimmune diseases and other pathologies. We also discuss the translational challenges and opportunities of this class of drug-delivery systems and therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, China
| | - Jiaqi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, China
| | - Minhang Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Anna R Kahkoska
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jinqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, China.
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Zhen Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, China.
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Hangzhou, China.
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Taechasan N, Scherwitzl I, Supasa P, Dejnirattisai W, Sriruksa K, Limpitikul W, Malasit P, Screaton GR, Mongkolsapaya J, Duangchinda T. The alteration of NK cells phenotypes related to the functions and dengue disease outcomes. Virus Res 2024; 345:199382. [PMID: 38697295 PMCID: PMC11101892 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2024.199382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Natural killer cells (NK cells) are the front line of immune cells to combat pathogens and able to influence the subsequent adaptive immune responses. One of the factors contributing to pathogenesis in dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) disease is aberrant immune activation during early phase of infection. This study explored the profile of NK cells in dengue infected pediatric patients with different degrees of disease severity. DHF patients contained higher frequency of activated NK cells but lower ratio of CD56dim:CD56bright NK subsets. Activated NK cells exhibited alterations in several NK receptors. Interestingly, the frequencies of NKp30 expressing activated NK cells were more pronounced in dengue fever (DF) than in DHF pediatric patients. In vitro functional analysis indicated that degranulation of NK cells in responding to dengue infected dendritic cells (DCs) required cell-cell contact and type I IFNs. Meanwhile, Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) production initially required cell-cell contact and type I IFNs followed by Interleukin-12 (IL-12), Interleukin-15 (IL-15) and Interleukin-18 (IL-18) resulting in the amplification of IFN-γ producing NK cells over time. This study highlighted the complexity and the factors influencing NK cells responses to dengue virus. Degree of activation, phenotypes of activated cells and the crosstalk between NK cells and other immune cells, could modulate the outcome of NK cells function in the dengue disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Napas Taechasan
- Department of Immunology, Graduate Program in Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; Department of Research and Development, Division of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok-Noi, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Iris Scherwitzl
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Piyada Supasa
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Wanwisa Dejnirattisai
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Division of Emerging Infectious Disease, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok-Noi, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Kanokwan Sriruksa
- Pediatric Department, Khon Kaen Hospital, Ministry of Public Health, Khon Kaen 40000, Thailand
| | - Wannee Limpitikul
- Pediatric Department, Songkhla Hospital, Ministry of Public Health, Songkhla 90100, Thailand
| | - Prida Malasit
- Department of Research and Development, Division of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok-Noi, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; Molecular Biology of Dengue and Flaviviruses Research Team, Medical Molecular Biotechnology Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Bangkok 12120, Thailand
| | - Gavin R Screaton
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Juthathip Mongkolsapaya
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Thaneeya Duangchinda
- Department of Research and Development, Division of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok-Noi, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; Molecular Biology of Dengue and Flaviviruses Research Team, Medical Molecular Biotechnology Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Bangkok 12120, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Foltz JA, Tran J, Wong P, Fan C, Schmidt E, Fisk B, Becker-Hapak M, Russler-Germain DA, Johnson J, Marin ND, Cubitt CC, Pence P, Rueve J, Pureti S, Hwang K, Gao F, Zhou AY, Foster M, Schappe T, Marsala L, Berrien-Elliott MM, Cashen AF, Bednarski JJ, Fertig E, Griffith OL, Griffith M, Wang T, Petti AA, Fehniger TA. Cytokines drive the formation of memory-like NK cell subsets via epigenetic rewiring and transcriptional regulation. Sci Immunol 2024; 9:eadk4893. [PMID: 38941480 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adk4893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Activation of natural killer (NK) cells with the cytokines interleukin-12 (IL-12), IL-15, and IL-18 induces their differentiation into memory-like (ML) NK cells; however, the underlying epigenetic and transcriptional mechanisms are unclear. By combining ATAC-seq, CITE-seq, and functional analyses, we discovered that IL-12/15/18 activation results in two main human NK fates: reprogramming into enriched memory-like (eML) NK cells or priming into effector conventional NK (effcNK) cells. eML NK cells had distinct transcriptional and epigenetic profiles and enhanced function, whereas effcNK cells resembled cytokine-primed cNK cells. Two transcriptionally discrete subsets of eML NK cells were also identified, eML-1 and eML-2, primarily arising from CD56bright or CD56dim mature NK cell subsets, respectively. Furthermore, these eML subsets were evident weeks after transfer of IL-12/15/18-activated NK cells into patients with cancer. Our findings demonstrate that NK cell activation with IL-12/15/18 results in previously unappreciated diverse cellular fates and identifies new strategies to enhance NK therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer Tran
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Pamela Wong
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Changxu Fan
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Evelyn Schmidt
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Bryan Fisk
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | | | | | | | - Nancy D Marin
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Celia C Cubitt
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Patrick Pence
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Joseph Rueve
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sushanth Pureti
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kimberly Hwang
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Feng Gao
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Alice Y Zhou
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mark Foster
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Timothy Schappe
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lynne Marsala
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Amanda F Cashen
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | | | | | - Obi L Griffith
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Malachi Griffith
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ting Wang
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Allegra A Petti
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Todd A Fehniger
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yang R, Yang Y, Liu R, Wang Y, Yang R, He A. Advances in CAR-NK cell therapy for hematological malignancies. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1414264. [PMID: 39007146 PMCID: PMC11239349 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1414264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy has revolutionized the treatment of hematological malignancies, demonstrably improving patient outcomes and prognosis. However, its application has introduced new challenges, such as safety concerns, off-target toxicities, and significant costs. Natural killer (NK) cells are crucial components of the innate immune system, capable of eliminating tumor cells without prior exposure to specific antigens or pre-activation. This inherent advantage complements the limitations of T cells, making CAR-NK cell therapy a promising avenue for hematological tumor immunotherapy. In recent years, preclinical and clinical studies have yielded preliminary evidence supporting the safety and efficacy of CAR-NK cell therapy in hematological malignancies, paving the way for future advancements in immunotherapy. This review aims to succinctly discuss the characteristics, significant therapeutic progress, and potential challenges associated with CAR-NK cell therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yun Yang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hematological Diseases, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yiwen Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ruoyu Yang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Aili He
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hematological Diseases, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Seurre C, Roca Suarez AA, Testoni B, Zoulim F, Grigorov B. After the Storm: Persistent Molecular Alterations Following HCV Cure. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7073. [PMID: 39000179 PMCID: PMC11241208 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) against hepatitis C virus (HCV) has revolutionized the management of this pathology, as their use allows viral elimination in a large majority of patients. Nonetheless, HCV remains a major public health problem due to the multiple challenges associated with its diagnosis, treatment availability and development of a prophylactic vaccine. Moreover, HCV-cured patients still present an increased risk of developing hepatic complications such as hepatocellular carcinoma. In the present review, we aim to summarize the impact that HCV infection has on a wide variety of peripheral and intrahepatic cell populations, the alterations that remain following DAA treatment and the potential molecular mechanisms implicated in their long-term persistence. Finally, we consider how recent developments in single-cell multiomics could refine our understanding of this disease in each specific intrahepatic cell population and drive the field to explore new directions for the development of chemo-preventive strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Coline Seurre
- INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69434 Lyon, France; (C.S.); (A.A.R.S.); (B.T.); (F.Z.)
- The Lyon Hepatology Institute EVEREST, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - Armando Andres Roca Suarez
- INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69434 Lyon, France; (C.S.); (A.A.R.S.); (B.T.); (F.Z.)
- The Lyon Hepatology Institute EVEREST, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - Barbara Testoni
- INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69434 Lyon, France; (C.S.); (A.A.R.S.); (B.T.); (F.Z.)
- The Lyon Hepatology Institute EVEREST, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - Fabien Zoulim
- INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69434 Lyon, France; (C.S.); (A.A.R.S.); (B.T.); (F.Z.)
- The Lyon Hepatology Institute EVEREST, 69003 Lyon, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69002 Lyon, France
| | - Boyan Grigorov
- INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69434 Lyon, France; (C.S.); (A.A.R.S.); (B.T.); (F.Z.)
- The Lyon Hepatology Institute EVEREST, 69003 Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Peng L, Renauer PA, Sferruzza G, Yang L, Zou Y, Fang Z, Park JJ, Chow RD, Zhang Y, Lin Q, Bai M, Sanchez A, Zhang Y, Lam SZ, Ye L, Chen S. In vivo AAV-SB-CRISPR screens of tumor-infiltrating primary NK cells identify genetic checkpoints of CAR-NK therapy. Nat Biotechnol 2024:10.1038/s41587-024-02282-4. [PMID: 38918616 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-024-02282-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells have clinical potential against cancer; however, multiple limitations hinder the success of NK cell therapy. Here, we performed unbiased functional mapping of tumor-infiltrating NK (TINK) cells using in vivo adeno-associated virus (AAV)-SB (Sleeping Beauty)-CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) screens in four solid tumor mouse models. In parallel, we characterized single-cell transcriptomic landscapes of TINK cells, which identified previously unexplored subpopulations of NK cells and differentially expressed TINK genes. As a convergent hit, CALHM2-knockout (KO) NK cells showed enhanced cytotoxicity and tumor infiltration in mouse primary NK cells and human chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-NK cells. CALHM2 mRNA reversed the CALHM2-KO phenotype. CALHM2 KO in human primary NK cells enhanced their cytotoxicity, degranulation and cytokine production. Transcriptomics profiling revealed CALHM2-KO-altered genes and pathways in both baseline and stimulated conditions. In a solid tumor model resistant to unmodified CAR-NK cells, CALHM2-KO CAR-NK cells showed potent in vivo antitumor efficacy. These data identify endogenous genetic checkpoints that naturally limit NK cell function and demonstrate the use of CALHM2 KO for engineering enhanced NK cell-based immunotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Peng
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- System Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Paul A Renauer
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- System Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Combined Program in the Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Molecular Cell Biology, Genetics, and Development Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Giacomo Sferruzza
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- System Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Luojia Yang
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- System Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Combined Program in the Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Molecular Cell Biology, Genetics, and Development Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yongji Zou
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- System Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Zhenghao Fang
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- System Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jonathan J Park
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- System Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Combined Program in the Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Molecular Cell Biology, Genetics, and Development Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- M.D.-Ph.D. Program, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ryan D Chow
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- System Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Combined Program in the Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Molecular Cell Biology, Genetics, and Development Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- M.D.-Ph.D. Program, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yueqi Zhang
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- System Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Qianqian Lin
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- System Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Meizhu Bai
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- System Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Angelica Sanchez
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- System Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Yale College, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yongzhan Zhang
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- System Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Stanley Z Lam
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- System Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lupeng Ye
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- System Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA.
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA.
- Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Sidi Chen
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- System Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA.
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA.
- Combined Program in the Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Molecular Cell Biology, Genetics, and Development Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
- M.D.-Ph.D. Program, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA.
- Immunobiology Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Yale Liver Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Yale Center for Biomedical Data Science, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Yale Center for RNA Science and Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Currie C, Myklebust TÅ, Bjerknes C, Framroze B. Assessing the Potential of an Enzymatically Liberated Salmon Oil to Support Immune Health Recovery from Acute SARS-CoV-2 Infection via Change in the Expression of Cytokine, Chemokine and Interferon-Related Genes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6917. [PMID: 39000027 PMCID: PMC11241394 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytokines, chemokines, and interferons are released in response to viral infection with the ultimate aim of viral clearance. However, in SARS-CoV-2 infection, there is an imbalanced immune response, with raised cytokine levels but only a limited interferon response with inefficient viral clearance. Furthermore, the inflammatory response can be exaggerated, which risks both acute and chronic sequelae. Several observational studies have suggested a reduced risk of progression to severe COVID-19 in subjects with a higher omega-3 index. However, randomized studies of omega-3 supplementation have failed to replicate this benefit. Omega-3 fats provide important anti-inflammatory effects; however, fatty fish contains many other fatty acids that provide health benefits distinct from omega-3. Therefore, the immune health benefit of whole salmon oil (SO) was assessed in adults with mild to moderate COVID-19. Eleven subjects were randomized to best supportive care (BSC) with or without a full spectrum, enzymatically liberated SO, dosed at 4g daily, for twenty-eight days. Nasal swabs were taken to measure the change in gene expression of markers of immune response and showed that the SO provided both broad inflammation-resolving effects and improved interferon response. The results also suggest improved lung barrier function and enhanced immune memory, although the clinical relevance needs to be assessed in longer-duration studies. In conclusion, the salmon oil was well tolerated and provided broad inflammation-resolving effects, indicating a potential to enhance immune health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Crawford Currie
- Hofseth BioCare, Keiser Wilhelms Gate 24, 6003 Alesund, Norway
| | - Tor Åge Myklebust
- Department of Research and Innovation, More og Romsdal Hospital Trust, 6026 Ålesund, Norway
- Department of Registration, Cancer Registry of Norway, 0379 Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Bomi Framroze
- Hofseth BioCare, Keiser Wilhelms Gate 24, 6003 Alesund, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Pan R, Li P, Meyerholz DK, Perlman S. Mutations in nonstructural proteins essential for pathogenicity in SARS-CoV-2-infected mice. J Virol 2024:e0058424. [PMID: 38888344 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00584-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in substantial morbidity and mortality. The basis of severe disease in humans is difficult to determine without the use of experimental animal models. Mice are resistant to infection with ancestral strains of SARS-CoV-2, although many variants that arose later in the pandemic were able to directly infect mice. In almost all cases, viruses that naturally infected mice or were engineered to enable mouse infection required mouse passage to become virulent. In most cases, changes in structural and nonstructural changes occurred during mouse adaptation. However, the mechanism of increased virulence in mice is not understood. Here, using a recently described strain of mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 (rSARS2-MA30N501Y), we engineered a series of recombinant viruses that expressed a subset of the mutations present in rSARS2-MA30N501Y. Mutations were detected in the spike protein and in three nonstructural proteins (nsp4, nsp8, and nsp9). We found that infection of mice with recombinant SARS-CoV-2 expressing only the S protein mutations caused very mild infection. Addition of the mutations in nsp4 and nsp8 was required for complete virulence. Of note, all these recombinant viruses replicated equivalently in cultured cells. The innate immune response was delayed after infection with virulent compared to attenuated viruses. Further, using a lineage tracking system, we found that attenuated virus was highly inhibited in the ability to infect the parenchyma, but not the airway after infection. Together, these results indicate that mutations in both the S protein and nonstructural proteins are required for maximal virulence during mouse adaptation.IMPORTANCEUnderstanding the pathogenesis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) requires the study of experimental animals after infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). For this purpose, several mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 strains have been developed. Here, using a strain of mouse-adapted virus that causes a range of diseases ranging from mild to severe, we show that mutations in both a structural protein [spike (S) protein] and nonstructural proteins are required for maximal virulence. Thus, changes in the S protein, the most widely studied viral protein, while required for mouse adaptation, are not sufficient to result in a virulent virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruangang Pan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Pengfei Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | | | - Stanley Perlman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Pathania AS, Chava H, Chaturvedi NK, Chava S, Byrareddy SN, Coulter DW, Challagundla KB. The miR-29 family facilitates the activation of NK-cell immune responses by targeting the B7-H3 immune checkpoint in neuroblastoma. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:428. [PMID: 38890285 PMCID: PMC11189583 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06791-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is a highly aggressive pediatric cancer that originates from immature nerve cells, presenting significant treatment challenges due to therapy resistance. Despite intensive treatment, approximately 50% of high-risk NB cases exhibit therapy resistance or experience relapse, resulting in poor outcomes often associated with tumor immune evasion. B7-H3 is an immune checkpoint protein known to inhibit immune responses. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs involved in post-transcriptional gene regulation. Our study aims to explore the impact of miRNAs on B7-H3 regulation, the anti-tumor immune response, and tumorigenicity in NB. Analysis of NB patients and patient-derived xenograft tumors revealed a correlation between higher B7-H3 expression and poorer patient survival. Notably, deceased patients exhibited a depletion of miR-29 family members (miR-29a, miR-29b, and miR-29c), which displayed an inverse association with B7-H3 expression in NB patients. Overexpression and knockdown experiments demonstrated that these miRNAs degrade B7-H3 mRNA, resulting in enhanced NK cell activation and cytotoxicity. In vivo, experiments provided further evidence that miR-29 family members reduce tumorigenicity, macrophage infiltration, and microvessel density, promote infiltration and activation of NK cells, and induce tumor cell apoptosis. These findings offer a rationale for developing more effective combination treatments that leverage miRNAs to target B7-H3 in NB patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anup S Pathania
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology & The Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Haritha Chava
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Nagendra K Chaturvedi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Srinivas Chava
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology & The Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Siddappa N Byrareddy
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Don W Coulter
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Kishore B Challagundla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology & The Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
- The Child Health Research Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Morel VJ, Rössler J, Bernasconi M. Targeted immunotherapy and nanomedicine for rhabdomyosarcoma: The way of the future. Med Res Rev 2024. [PMID: 38885148 DOI: 10.1002/med.22059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma of childhood. Histology separates two main subtypes: embryonal RMS (eRMS; 60%-70%) and alveolar RMS (aRMS; 20%-30%). The aggressive aRMS carry one of two characteristic chromosomal translocations that result in the expression of a PAX3::FOXO1 or PAX7::FOXO1 fusion transcription factor; therefore, aRMS are now classified as fusion-positive (FP) RMS. Embryonal RMS have a better prognosis and are clinically indistinguishable from fusion-negative (FN) RMS. Next to histology and molecular characteristics, RMS risk groupings are now available defining low risk tumors with excellent outcomes and advanced stage disease with poor prognosis, with an overall survival of about only 20% despite intensified multimodal treatment. Therefore, development of novel effective targeted strategies to increase survival and to decrease long-term side effects is urgently needed. Recently, immunotherapies and nanomedicine have been emerging for potent and effective tumor treatments with minimal side effects, raising hopes for effective and safe cures for RMS patients. This review aims to describe the most relevant preclinical and clinical studies in immunotherapy and targeted nanomedicine performed so far in RMS and to provide an insight in future developments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Judith Morel
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jochen Rössler
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Michele Bernasconi
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Tang J, Shang C, Chang Y, Jiang W, Xu J, Zhang L, Lu L, Chen L, Liu X, Zeng Q, Cao W, Li T. Peripheral PD-1 +NK cells could predict the 28-day mortality in sepsis patients. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1426064. [PMID: 38953031 PMCID: PMC11215063 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1426064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Unbalanced inflammatory response is a critical feature of sepsis, a life-threatening condition with significant global health burdens. Immune dysfunction, particularly that involving different immune cells in peripheral blood, plays a crucial pathophysiological role and shows early warning signs in sepsis. The objective is to explore the relationship between sepsis and immune subpopulations in peripheral blood, and to identify patients with a higher risk of 28-day mortality based on immunological subtypes with machine-learning (ML) model. Methods Patients were enrolled according to the sepsis-3 criteria in this retrospective observational study, along with age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs). Data on clinical characteristics, laboratory tests, and lymphocyte immunophenotyping were collected. XGBoost and k-means clustering as ML approaches, were employed to analyze the immune profiles and stratify septic patients based on their immunological subtypes. Cox regression survival analysis was used to identify potential biomarkers and to assess their association with 28-day mortality. The accuracy of biomarkers for mortality was determined by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) analysis. Results The study enrolled 100 septic patients and 89 HCs, revealing distinct lymphocyte profiles between the two groups. The XGBoost model discriminated sepsis from HCs with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 1.0 and 0.99 in the training and testing set, respectively. Within the model, the top three highest important contributions were the percentage of CD38+CD8+T cells, PD-1+NK cells, HLA-DR+CD8+T cells. Two clusters of peripheral immunophenotyping of septic patients by k-means clustering were conducted. Cluster 1 featured higher proportions of PD1+ NK cells, while cluster 2 featured higher proportions of naïve CD4+T cells. Furthermore, the level of PD-1+NK cells was significantly higher in the non-survivors than the survivors (15.1% vs 8.6%, P<0.01). Moreover, the levels of PD1+ NK cells combined with SOFA score showed good performance in predicting the 28-day mortality in sepsis (AUC=0.91,95%CI 0.82-0.99), which is superior to PD1+ NK cells only(AUC=0.69, sensitivity 0.74, specificity 0.64, cut-off value of 11.25%). In the multivariate Cox regression, high expression of PD1+ NK cells proportion was related to 28-day mortality (aHR=1.34, 95%CI 1.19 to 1.50; P<0.001). Conclusion The study provides novel insights into the association between PD1+NK cell profiles and prognosis of sepsis. Peripheral immunophenotyping could potentially stratify the septic patients and identify those with a high risk of 28-day mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Tang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chenming Shang
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yue Chang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Medical ICU, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Leidan Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lianfeng Lu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaosheng Liu
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingjia Zeng
- Institute of Medical Information, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Cao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Taisheng Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Pan Y, Cheng J, Zhu Y, Zhang J, Fan W, Chen X. Immunological nanomaterials to combat cancer metastasis. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:6399-6444. [PMID: 38745455 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00968d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Metastasis causes greater than 90% of cancer-associated deaths, presenting huge challenges for detection and efficient treatment of cancer due to its high heterogeneity and widespread dissemination to various organs. Therefore, it is imperative to combat cancer metastasis, which is the key to achieving complete cancer eradication. Immunotherapy as a systemic approach has shown promising potential to combat metastasis. However, current clinical immunotherapies are not effective for all patients or all types of cancer metastases owing to insufficient immune responses. In recent years, immunological nanomaterials with intrinsic immunogenicity or immunomodulatory agents with efficient loading have been shown to enhance immune responses to eliminate metastasis. In this review, we would like to summarize various types of immunological nanomaterials against metastasis. Moreover, this review will summarize a series of immunological nanomaterial-mediated immunotherapy strategies to combat metastasis, including immunogenic cell death, regulation of chemokines and cytokines, improving the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment, activation of the STING pathway, enhancing cytotoxic natural killer cell activity, enhancing antigen presentation of dendritic cells, and enhancing chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy. Furthermore, the synergistic anti-metastasis strategies based on the combinational use of immunotherapy and other therapeutic modalities will also be introduced. In addition, the nanomaterial-mediated imaging techniques (e.g., optical imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, photoacoustic imaging, surface-enhanced Raman scattering, radionuclide imaging, etc.) for detecting metastasis and monitoring anti-metastasis efficacy are also summarized. Finally, the current challenges and future prospects of immunological nanomaterial-based anti-metastasis are also elucidated with the intention to accelerate its clinical translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbo Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore.
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Junjie Cheng
- Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore.
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Yang Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian, China.
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore.
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Wenpei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore.
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
- Theranostics Center of Excellence (TCE), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 11 Biopolis Way, Helios, Singapore 138667, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Symmonds J, Gaufin T, Xu C, Raehtz KD, Ribeiro RM, Pandrea I, Apetrei C. Making a Monkey out of Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Pathogenesis: Immune Cell Depletion Experiments as a Tool to Understand the Immune Correlates of Protection and Pathogenicity in HIV Infection. Viruses 2024; 16:972. [PMID: 38932264 PMCID: PMC11209256 DOI: 10.3390/v16060972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the underlying mechanisms of HIV pathogenesis is critical for designing successful HIV vaccines and cure strategies. However, achieving this goal is complicated by the virus's direct interactions with immune cells, the induction of persistent reservoirs in the immune system cells, and multiple strategies developed by the virus for immune evasion. Meanwhile, HIV and SIV infections induce a pandysfunction of the immune cell populations, making it difficult to untangle the various concurrent mechanisms of HIV pathogenesis. Over the years, one of the most successful approaches for dissecting the immune correlates of protection in HIV/SIV infection has been the in vivo depletion of various immune cell populations and assessment of the impact of these depletions on the outcome of infection in non-human primate models. Here, we present a detailed analysis of the strategies and results of manipulating SIV pathogenesis through in vivo depletions of key immune cells populations. Although each of these methods has its limitations, they have all contributed to our understanding of key pathogenic pathways in HIV/SIV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jen Symmonds
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (J.S.); (C.X.); (K.D.R.); (I.P.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Thaidra Gaufin
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, LA 70433, USA;
| | - Cuiling Xu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (J.S.); (C.X.); (K.D.R.); (I.P.)
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Kevin D. Raehtz
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (J.S.); (C.X.); (K.D.R.); (I.P.)
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Ruy M. Ribeiro
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Ivona Pandrea
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (J.S.); (C.X.); (K.D.R.); (I.P.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Cristian Apetrei
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lin Y, Yang B, Liu H, Ran G, Song L, Meng M, Yin X, Bi Q, Yan D, Deng Y, Lu Y. DNA demethylase Tet2 promotes the terminal maturation of natural killer cells. Immunol Res 2024:10.1007/s12026-024-09506-4. [PMID: 38869819 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-024-09506-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The cytotoxicity feature to eliminate malignant cells makes natural killer (NK) cells a candidate for tumor immunotherapy. However, this scenario is currently hampered by inadequate understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of NK cell development. Ten-Eleven-Translocation 2 (Tet2) is a demethylase whose mutation was recently shown to cause phenotypic defects in NK cells. However, the role of Tet2 in the development and maturation of NK cells is not entirely clear. Here we studied the modulatory role of Tet2 in NK cell development and maturation by generating hematopoietic Tet2 knockout mice and mice with Tet2 conditional deletion in NKp46+ NK cells. The results showed that both hematopoietic and NK cell conditional deletion of Tet2 had no effect on the early steps of NK cell development, but impaired the terminal maturation of NK cells defined by CD11b, CD43, and KLRG1 expression. In the liver, Tet2 deletion not only prevented the terminal maturation of NK cells, but also increased the proportion of type 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILC1s) and reduced the proportion of conventional NK cells (cNK). Moreover, hematopoietic deletion of Tet2 lowered the protein levels of perforin in NK cells. Furthermore, hematopoietic deletion of Tet2 downregulated the protein levels of Eomesodermin (Eomes), but not T-bet, in NK cells. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that Tet2 plays an important role in the terminal maturation of NK cells, and the Eomes transcription factor may be involved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Lin
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154007, China
- Department of Clinical Hematology, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine Science, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Biyun Yang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154007, China
| | - Hailin Liu
- Department of Clinical Hematology, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine Science, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Department of Pharmacy, First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing, 401121, China
| | - Guanghe Ran
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154007, China
| | - Liang Song
- Department of Clinical Hematology, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine Science, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Meng Meng
- Department of Clinical Hematology, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine Science, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yin
- Department of Clinical Hematology, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine Science, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Qinghua Bi
- Department of Clinical Hematology, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine Science, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Dongmei Yan
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154007, China.
| | - Youcai Deng
- Department of Clinical Hematology, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine Science, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Yonghui Lu
- Department of Clinical Hematology, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine Science, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
- Department of Occupational Health, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Fang T, Chen G. Non-viral vector-based genome editing for cancer immunotherapy. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:3068-3085. [PMID: 38716572 DOI: 10.1039/d4bm00286e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Despite the exciting promise of cancer immunotherapy in the clinic, immune checkpoint blockade therapy and T cell-based therapies are often associated with low response rates, intrinsic and adaptive immune resistance, and systemic side effects. CRISPR-Cas-based genome editing appears to be an effective strategy to overcome these unmet clinical needs. As a safer delivery platform for the CRISPR-Cas system, non-viral nanoformulations have been recently explored to target tumor cells and immune cells, aiming to improve cancer immunotherapy on a gene level. In this review, we summarized the efforts of non-viral vector-based CRISPR-Cas-mediated genome editing in tumor cells and immune cells for cancer immunotherapy. Their design rationale and specific applications were highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianxu Fang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3G 0B1, Canada.
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3G 0B1, Canada
| | - Guojun Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3G 0B1, Canada.
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3G 0B1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Radziszewska A, Peckham H, de Gruijter NM, Restuadi R, Wu WH, Jury EC, Rosser EC, Ciurtin C. Active juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus is associated with distinct NK cell transcriptional and phenotypic alterations. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13074. [PMID: 38844784 PMCID: PMC11156641 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62325-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
While adaptive immune responses have been studied extensively in SLE (systemic lupus erythematosus), there is limited and contradictory evidence regarding the contribution of natural killer (NK) cells to disease pathogenesis. There is even less evidence about the role of NK cells in the more severe phenotype with juvenile-onset (J)SLE. In this study, analysis of the phenotype and function of NK cells in a large cohort of JSLE patients demonstrated that total NK cells, as well as perforin and granzyme A expressing NK cell populations, were significantly diminished in JSLE patients compared to age- and sex-matched healthy controls. The reduction in NK cell frequency was associated with increased disease activity, and transcriptomic analysis of NK populations from active and low disease activity JSLE patients versus healthy controls confirmed that disease activity was the main driver of differential NK cell gene expression. Pathway analysis of differentially expressed genes revealed an upregulation of interferon-α responses and a downregulation of exocytosis in active disease compared to healthy controls. Further gene set enrichment analysis also demonstrated an overrepresentation of the apoptosis pathway in active disease. This points to increased propensity for apoptosis as a potential factor contributing to NK cell deficiency in JSLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Radziszewska
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis at UCL UCLH and GOSH, London, UK.
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Hannah Peckham
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis at UCL UCLH and GOSH, London, UK
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Nina M de Gruijter
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis at UCL UCLH and GOSH, London, UK
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Restuadi Restuadi
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis at UCL UCLH and GOSH, London, UK
| | - Wing Han Wu
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis at UCL UCLH and GOSH, London, UK
- NHS North Thames Genomic Laboratory Hub, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth C Jury
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth C Rosser
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis at UCL UCLH and GOSH, London, UK.
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Coziana Ciurtin
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis at UCL UCLH and GOSH, London, UK.
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Arron HE, Marsh BD, Kell DB, Khan MA, Jaeger BR, Pretorius E. Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: the biology of a neglected disease. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1386607. [PMID: 38887284 PMCID: PMC11180809 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1386607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) is a chronic, debilitating disease characterised by a wide range of symptoms that severely impact all aspects of life. Despite its significant prevalence, ME/CFS remains one of the most understudied and misunderstood conditions in modern medicine. ME/CFS lacks standardised diagnostic criteria owing to variations in both inclusion and exclusion criteria across different diagnostic guidelines, and furthermore, there are currently no effective treatments available. Moving beyond the traditional fragmented perspectives that have limited our understanding and management of the disease, our analysis of current information on ME/CFS represents a significant paradigm shift by synthesising the disease's multifactorial origins into a cohesive model. We discuss how ME/CFS emerges from an intricate web of genetic vulnerabilities and environmental triggers, notably viral infections, leading to a complex series of pathological responses including immune dysregulation, chronic inflammation, gut dysbiosis, and metabolic disturbances. This comprehensive model not only advances our understanding of ME/CFS's pathophysiology but also opens new avenues for research and potential therapeutic strategies. By integrating these disparate elements, our work emphasises the necessity of a holistic approach to diagnosing, researching, and treating ME/CFS, urging the scientific community to reconsider the disease's complexity and the multifaceted approach required for its study and management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hayley E. Arron
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Benjamin D. Marsh
- MRCPCH Consultant Paediatric Neurodisability, Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom
| | - Douglas B. Kell
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - M. Asad Khan
- Directorate of Respiratory Medicine, Manchester University Hospitals, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Beate R. Jaeger
- Long COVID department, Clinic St Georg, Bad Aibling, Germany
| | - Etheresia Pretorius
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hu L, He W, Li J, Miao Y, Liang H, Li Y. The role of adenoid immune phenotype in polysensitized children with allergic rhinitis and adenoid hypertrophy. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2024; 35:e14166. [PMID: 38822736 DOI: 10.1111/pai.14166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing interest in elucidating the relationship between adenoid hypertrophy (AH) and allergic rhinitis (AR). However, the impact of aeroallergen sensitization patterns on children with AH and AR remains unclear. METHODS Patients aged 2-8 years (recruited from January 2019 to December 2022) with nasal symptoms were assessed for allergies, adenoid size, and respiratory viral infection history. The serum total immunoglobulin E (IgE) and specific IgE levels were measured, and flexible nasal endoscopy was performed. The relationship between AH, aeroallergen sensitization patterns, and lymphocyte subpopulations in adenoid samples was analyzed using flow cytometry. RESULTS In total, 5281 children were enrolled (56.5% with AR; and 48.6% with AH). AH was more prevalent in children with AR. Compared to nonsensitized individuals, those polysensitized to molds had a higher prevalence of AH (adjusted OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.32-1.96) and a greater occurrence of two or more respiratory viral infections, particularly in adenoidectomy patients. The percentages and corrected absolute counts of regulatory T (Treg) cells, activated Tregs, class-switched memory B cells (CSMBs), natural killer (NK) T cells, and NK cell subpopulations were reduced in the adenoid tissues of children with both AH and AR (AH-AR) compared to AH-nAR children. Polysensitization in AH-AR children correlated with lower CSMB percentages. CONCLUSION Polysensitivity to molds is associated with an increased risk of AH in children with AR. Fewer B cells, NK cells, and Treg cells with an effector/memory phenotype were detected in the adenoids of AR children, and these lower percentages of immune cells, particularly CSMBs, were closely linked to aeroallergen sensitization models and respiratory viral infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lanye Hu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjun He
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junyang Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Miao
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huanhuan Liang
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Youjin Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Lee D, Kim SM, Kim D, Baek SY, Yeo SJ, Lee JJ, Cha C, Park SA, Kim TD. Microfluidics-assisted fabrication of natural killer cell-laden microgel enhances the therapeutic efficacy for tumor immunotherapy. Mater Today Bio 2024; 26:101055. [PMID: 38693995 PMCID: PMC11061753 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, interest in cancer immunotherapy has increased over traditional anti-cancer therapies such as chemotherapy or targeted therapy. Natural killer (NK) cells are part of the immune cell family and essential to tumor immunotherapy as they detect and kill cancer cells. However, the disadvantage of NK cells is that cell culture is difficult. In this study, porous microgels have been fabricated using microfluidic channels to effectively culture NK cells. Microgel fabrication using microfluidics can be mass-produced in a short time and can be made in a uniform size. Microgels consist of photo cross-linkable polymers such as methacrylic gelatin (GelMa) and can be regulated via controlled GelMa concentrations. NK92 cell-laden three-dimensional (3D) microgels increase mRNA expression levels, NK92 cell proliferation, cytokine release, and anti-tumor efficacy, compared with two-dimensional (2D) cultures. In addition, the study confirms that 3D-cultured NK92 cells enhance anti-tumor effects compared with enhancement by 2D-cultured NK92 cells in the K562 leukemia mouse model. Microgels containing healthy NK cells are designed to completely degrade after 5 days allowing NK cells to be released to achieve cell-to-cell interaction with cancer cells. Overall, this microgel system provides a new cell culture platform for the effective culturing of NK cells and a new strategy for developing immune cell therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongjin Lee
- Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daejeon, 34103, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Min Kim
- Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahong Kim
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daejeon, 34103, Republic of Korea
- Department of Applied Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Yeop Baek
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Ju Yeo
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daejeon, 34103, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Jong Lee
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daejeon, 34103, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaenyung Cha
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Su A Park
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daejeon, 34103, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Don Kim
- Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Heilig L, Natasha F, Trinks N, Aimanianda V, Wong SSW, Fontaine T, Terpitz U, Strobel L, Le Mauff F, Sheppard DC, Schäuble S, Kurzai O, Hünniger K, Weiss E, Vargas M, Howell PL, Panagiotou G, Wurster S, Einsele H, Loeffler J. CD56-mediated activation of human natural killer cells is triggered by Aspergillus fumigatus galactosaminogalactan. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1012315. [PMID: 38889192 PMCID: PMC11216564 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Invasive aspergillosis causes significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. Natural killer (NK) cells are pivotal for antifungal defense. Thus far, CD56 is the only known pathogen recognition receptor on NK cells triggering potent antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus. However, the underlying cellular mechanisms and the fungal ligand of CD56 have remained unknown. Using purified cell wall components, biochemical treatments, and ger mutants with altered cell wall composition, we herein found that CD56 interacts with the A. fumigatus cell wall carbohydrate galactosaminogalactan (GAG). This interaction induced NK-cell activation, degranulation, and secretion of immune-enhancing chemokines and cytotoxic effectors. Supernatants from GAG-stimulated NK cells elicited antifungal activity and enhanced antifungal effector responses of polymorphonuclear cells. In conclusion, we identified A. fumigatus GAG as a ligand of CD56 on human primary NK cells, stimulating potent antifungal effector responses and activating other immune cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linda Heilig
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Fariha Natasha
- Department of Biotechnology & Biophysics Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Nora Trinks
- Department of Biotechnology & Biophysics Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Vishukumar Aimanianda
- Department of Mycology, Immunobiology of Aspergillus, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Sarah Sze Wah Wong
- Department of Mycology, Immunobiology of Aspergillus, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Fontaine
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INRAE, USC2019, Fungal Biology and Pathogenicity laboratory, Paris, France
| | - Ulrich Terpitz
- Department of Biotechnology & Biophysics Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Lea Strobel
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - François Le Mauff
- Infectious Disease in Global Health Program, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
- McGill Interdisciplinary Initiative in Infection and Immunity, Montreal, Canada
| | - Donald C. Sheppard
- Infectious Disease in Global Health Program, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
- McGill Interdisciplinary Initiative in Infection and Immunity, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Sascha Schäuble
- Department of Microbiome Dynamics, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology–Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany
| | - Oliver Kurzai
- Institute for Hygiene und Microbiology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
- National Reference Center for Invasive Fungal Infections, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology–Hans-Knöll-Institute Jena, Germany
| | - Kerstin Hünniger
- Institute for Hygiene und Microbiology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Esther Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Mario Vargas
- Program in Molecular Medicine, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - P. Lynne Howell
- Program in Molecular Medicine, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Gianni Panagiotou
- Department of Microbiome Dynamics, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology–Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Sebastian Wurster
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Hermann Einsele
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Juergen Loeffler
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Hu ST, Zhou G, Zhang J. Implications of innate lymphoid cells in oral diseases. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112122. [PMID: 38663313 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), as newly discovered antigen-independent innate immune cells, respond promptly to stimuli by secreting effector cytokines to exert effector functions similar to those of T cells. ILCs predominantly reside at mucosal sites and play critical roles in defending against infections, maintaining mucosal homeostasis, regulating inflammatory and immune responses, and participating in tumorigenesis. Recently, there has been a growing interest in the role of ILCs in oral diseases. This review outlines the classifications and the major characteristics of ILCs, and then comprehensively expatiates the research on ILCs in oral cancer, primary Sjogren's syndrome, periodontal diseases, oral lichen planus, oral candidiasis, Behcet's disease, and pemphigus vulgaris, aiming at summarising the implications of ILCs in oral diseases and providing new ideas for further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Si-Ting Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, China
| | - Gang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, China; Department of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, China; Department of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Sadhupati DP, Lakshmisudha R, Chakravarthy KNK, Naidana PS. A standardized combination of Terminalia chebula and Withania somnifera extracts enhances immune function in adults: a pilot randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study. Food Nutr Res 2024; 68:10297. [PMID: 38863743 PMCID: PMC11165258 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v68.10297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The use of botanical medicine has been demonstrated as a potential strategy to manage or treat a variety of health issues. Terminalia chebula (Retz) fruit and Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal roots are important medicinal herbs described in Ayurveda and traditional therapy for diverse health benefits. Objective This pilot study aimed to evaluate the immune function-enhancing potential of a unique blend of T. chebula fruit and W. somnifera root extracts, LN20189, in healthy men and women. Methods Forty healthy volunteers (age: 35-60 years) were randomized into two groups receiving either LN20189 (500 mg per day) or a matched placebo over 28 consecutive days. The total T-cell population was the primary efficacy measure in this study. The secondary efficacy measures included counts of CD4, CD8, natural killer (NK) cells, serum levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), total immunoglobulin-G (IgG), and Immune Function Questionnaire (IFQ) scores. Safety parameter assessments were also conducted. Results Post-trial, in LN20189-supplemented subjects, T cells, CD4, NK cells count, and the CD4:CD8 ratio were increased by 9.32, 10.10, 19.91, and 17.43%, respectively, as compared to baseline. LN20189 supplementation increased serum IFN-γ and IgG levels by 14.57 and 27.09% from baseline and by 13.98 and 21.99%, compared to placebo, respectively. Also, the IFQ scores in the LN20189 group were 84.68% (vs. baseline) and 69.44% (vs. placebo) lower at the end of the trial. LN20189 improved the study volunteers' cellular and humoral immune functions. Conclusion In summary, LN20189 supplementation was found tolerable and improved the key cellular and humoral factors of the immune system and helped improve immune function of the trial volunteers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Partha Sarathy Naidana
- Department of Community Medicine, ASR Academy of Medical Sciences, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Nakazawa T, Morimoto T, Maeoka R, Yamada K, Matsuda R, Nakamura M, Nishimura F, Yamada S, Park YS, Tsujimura T, Nakagawa I. Characterization of HIF-1α Knockout Primary Human Natural Killer Cells Including Populations in Allogeneic Glioblastoma. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5896. [PMID: 38892084 PMCID: PMC11173110 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Enhancing immune cell functions in tumors remains a major challenge in cancer immunotherapy. Natural killer cells (NK) are major innate effector cells with broad cytotoxicity against tumors. Accordingly, NK cells are ideal candidates for cancer immunotherapy, including glioblastoma (GBM). Hypoxia is a common feature of solid tumors, and tumor cells and normal cells adapt to the tumor microenvironment by upregulating the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, which can be detrimental to anti-tumor effector immune cell function, including that of NK cells. We knocked out HIF-1α in human primary NK cells using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-associated protein 9 (Cas9). Then, cellular characterizations were conducted in normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Electroporating two HIF-1α-targeting guide RNA-Cas9 protein complexes inhibited HIF-1α expression in expanded NK cells. HIF-1α knockout human NK cells, including populations in hypoxic conditions, enhanced the growth inhibition of allogeneic GBM cells and induced apoptosis in GBM-cell-derived spheroids. RNA-sequencing revealed that the cytotoxicity of HIF-1α knockout NK cells could be related to increased perforin and TNF expression. The results demonstrated that HIF-1α knockout human NK cells, including populations, enhanced cytotoxicity in an environment mimicking the hypoxic conditions of GBM. CRISPR-Cas9-mediated HIF-1α knockout NK cells, including populations, could be a promising immunotherapeutic alternative in patients with GBM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Nakazawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan; (T.M.); (R.M.); (K.Y.); (R.M.); (M.N.); (F.N.); (S.Y.); (Y.-S.P.); (I.N.)
- Clinic Grandsoul Nara, Uda 633-2221, Japan;
- Grandsoul Research Institute for Immunology, Inc., Uda 633-2221, Japan
| | - Takayuki Morimoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan; (T.M.); (R.M.); (K.Y.); (R.M.); (M.N.); (F.N.); (S.Y.); (Y.-S.P.); (I.N.)
| | - Ryosuke Maeoka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan; (T.M.); (R.M.); (K.Y.); (R.M.); (M.N.); (F.N.); (S.Y.); (Y.-S.P.); (I.N.)
| | - Kengo Yamada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan; (T.M.); (R.M.); (K.Y.); (R.M.); (M.N.); (F.N.); (S.Y.); (Y.-S.P.); (I.N.)
| | - Ryosuke Matsuda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan; (T.M.); (R.M.); (K.Y.); (R.M.); (M.N.); (F.N.); (S.Y.); (Y.-S.P.); (I.N.)
| | - Mitsutoshi Nakamura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan; (T.M.); (R.M.); (K.Y.); (R.M.); (M.N.); (F.N.); (S.Y.); (Y.-S.P.); (I.N.)
- Clinic Grandsoul Nara, Uda 633-2221, Japan;
| | - Fumihiko Nishimura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan; (T.M.); (R.M.); (K.Y.); (R.M.); (M.N.); (F.N.); (S.Y.); (Y.-S.P.); (I.N.)
| | - Shuichi Yamada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan; (T.M.); (R.M.); (K.Y.); (R.M.); (M.N.); (F.N.); (S.Y.); (Y.-S.P.); (I.N.)
| | - Young-Soo Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan; (T.M.); (R.M.); (K.Y.); (R.M.); (M.N.); (F.N.); (S.Y.); (Y.-S.P.); (I.N.)
| | - Takahiro Tsujimura
- Clinic Grandsoul Nara, Uda 633-2221, Japan;
- Grandsoul Research Institute for Immunology, Inc., Uda 633-2221, Japan
| | - Ichiro Nakagawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan; (T.M.); (R.M.); (K.Y.); (R.M.); (M.N.); (F.N.); (S.Y.); (Y.-S.P.); (I.N.)
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
El Oirdi M. Harnessing the Power of Polyphenols: A New Frontier in Disease Prevention and Therapy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:692. [PMID: 38931359 PMCID: PMC11206774 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
There are a wide variety of phytochemicals collectively known as polyphenols. Their structural diversity results in a broad range of characteristics and biological effects. Polyphenols can be found in a variety of foods and drinks, including fruits, cereals, tea, and coffee. Studies both in vitro and in vivo, as well as clinical trials, have shown that they possess potent antioxidant activities, numerous therapeutic effects, and health advantages. Dietary polyphenols have demonstrated the potential to prevent many health problems, including obesity, atherosclerosis, high blood sugar, diabetes, hypertension, cancer, and neurological diseases. In this paper, the protective effects of polyphenols and the mechanisms behind them are investigated in detail, citing the most recent available literature. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge on the role of polyphenols in preventing and managing chronic diseases. The cited publications are derived from in vitro, in vivo, and human-based studies and clinical trials. A more complete understanding of these naturally occurring metabolites will pave the way for the development of novel polyphenol-rich diet and drug development programs. This, in turn, provides further evidence of their health benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El Oirdi
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Basic Sciences, Preparatory Year, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wang K, Zhu W, Huang W, Huang K, Luo H, Long L, Yi B. TRIM Expression in HNSCC: Exploring the Link Between Ubiquitination, Immune Infiltration, and Signaling Pathways Through Bioinformatics. Int J Gen Med 2024; 17:2389-2405. [PMID: 38808201 PMCID: PMC11132118 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s463286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Ubiquitination is an important post-translational modification. However, the significance of the TRIM family of E3 ubiquitin ligases in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has not been determined. In this study, the roles of TRIM E3 ubiquitin ligases in lymphovascular invasion in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) were evaluated. Materials and Methods TRIM expression and related parameters were obtained from UbiBrowser2.0, UALCAN, TIMER, TISIDB, LinkedOmics, STRING, and GeneMANIA databases. Immunohistochemistry was used to confirm their expression. Results TRIM2, TRIM11, TRIM28, and TRIM56 were upregulated in HNSCC with lymphovascular invasion. TRIM expression was strongly associated with immune infiltration, including key treatment targets, like PD-1 and CTL4. Co-expressed genes and possible ubiquitination substrates included tumor-related factors. The TRIMs had predicted roles in ubiquitination-related pathways and vital signaling pathways, eg, MAPK, PI3K-Akt, and JAK-STAT signaling pathways. Conclusion Ubiquitination mediated by four TRIMs might be involved in the regulation of tumor immunity, laying the foundation for future studies of the roles of the TRIM family on the prediction and personalized medicine in HNSCC. The four TRIMs might exert oncogenic effects by promoting lymphovascular invasion in HNSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Huang
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kangkang Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huidan Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lu Long
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Yi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ouologuem L, Bartel K. Endolysosomal transient receptor potential mucolipins and two-pore channels: implications for cancer immunity. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1389194. [PMID: 38840905 PMCID: PMC11150529 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1389194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Past research has identified that cancer cells sustain several cancer hallmarks by impairing function of the endolysosomal system (ES). Thus, maintaining the functional integrity of endolysosomes is crucial, which heavily relies on two key protein families: soluble hydrolases and endolysosomal membrane proteins. Particularly members of the TPC (two-pore channel) and TRPML (transient receptor potential mucolipins) families have emerged as essential regulators of ES function as a potential target in cancer therapy. Targeting TPCs and TRPMLs has demonstrated significant impact on multiple cancer hallmarks, including proliferation, growth, migration, and angiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. Notably, endosomes and lysosomes also actively participate in various immune regulatory mechanisms, such as phagocytosis, antigen presentation, and the release of proinflammatory mediators. Yet, knowledge about the role of TPCs and TRPMLs in immunity is scarce. This prompts a discussion regarding the potential role of endolysosomal ion channels in aiding cancers to evade immune surveillance and destruction. Specifically, understanding the interplay between endolysosomal ion channels and cancer immunity becomes crucial. Our review aims to comprehensively explore the current knowledge surrounding the roles of TPCs and TRPMLs in immunity, whilst emphasizing the critical need to elucidate their specific contributions to cancer immunity by pointing out current research gaps that should be addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Karin Bartel
- Department of Pharmacy, Drug Delivery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Ozsoy F, Mohammed M, Jan N, Lulek E, Ertas YN. T Cell and Natural Killer Cell Membrane-Camouflaged Nanoparticles for Cancer and Viral Therapies. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:2637-2659. [PMID: 38687958 PMCID: PMC11110059 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Extensive research has been conducted on the application of nanoparticles in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Due to their exceptional characteristics and flexible structure, they are classified as highly efficient drug delivery systems, ensuring both safety and targeted delivery. Nevertheless, nanoparticles still encounter obstacles, such as biological instability, absence of selectivity, recognition as unfamiliar elements, and quick elimination, which restrict their remedial capacity. To surmount these drawbacks, biomimetic nanotechnology has been developed that utilizes T cell and natural killer (NK) cell membrane-encased nanoparticles as sophisticated methods of administering drugs. These nanoparticles can extend the duration of drug circulation and avoid immune system clearance. During the membrane extraction and coating procedure, the surface proteins of immunological cells are transferred to the biomimetic nanoparticles. Such proteins present on the surface of cells confer several benefits to nanoparticles, including prolonged circulation, enhanced targeting, controlled release, specific cellular contact, and reduced in vivo toxicity. This review focuses on biomimetic nanosystems that are derived from the membranes of T cells and NK cells and their comprehensive extraction procedure, manufacture, and applications in cancer treatment and viral infections. Furthermore, potential applications, prospects, and existing challenges in their medical implementation are highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Ozsoy
- ERNAM−Nanotechnology
Research and Application Center, Erciyes
University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Mahir Mohammed
- ERNAM−Nanotechnology
Research and Application Center, Erciyes
University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Nasrullah Jan
- Department
of Pharmacy, The University of Chenab, Gujrat, Punjab 50700, Pakistan
| | - Elif Lulek
- ERNAM−Nanotechnology
Research and Application Center, Erciyes
University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Yavuz Nuri Ertas
- ERNAM−Nanotechnology
Research and Application Center, Erciyes
University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
- UNAM−National
Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent
University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Liu Q, Peng F, Liu H, Sun Q, Chen H, Xu X, Hu Z, Zhou X, Jin K, Xie J, Huang Y, Huang W, Yang Y. Overactivated MX1 Positive Natural Killer Cells Promote the Progression of Sepsis-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:3187-3200. [PMID: 38779429 PMCID: PMC11110828 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s460259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Natural killer (NK) cells are key regulators of immune defense in sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), yet the characteristics of NK cell clusters in ARDS remain poorly understood. Methods A prospective and observational study enrolled septic patients with ARDS or not was conducted to determine the percentage of NK cells via flow cytometry. The transcriptomes of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy controls, patients with sepsis only, and patients with sepsis-induced ARDS were profiled. Vitro experiments were performed to confirm the mechanism mediating MX1+NK cell infiltration. Results A total of 115 septic patients were analyzed, among whom 63 patients developed ARDS and 52 patients did not. Decreased NK percentages were found in sepsis with ARDS patients (%, 7.46±4.40 vs 11.65±6.88, P=0.0001) compared with sepsis-only patients. A lower percentage of NK cells showed a significant increase in 28-day mortality. Single-cell sequencing analysis revealed distinct characteristics of NK cells in sepsis-induced ARDS, notably the identification of a unique cluster defined as MX1+NK cells. Flow cytometry analysis showed an elevated percentage of MX1+NK cells specifically in individuals with sepsis-induced ARDS, compared with patients with sepsis only. Pseudo-time analysis showed that MX1+NK cells were characterized by upregulation of type I interferon-induced genes and other pro-inflammatory genes. MX1+NK cells can respond to type I interferons and secrete type I interferons themselves. Ligand-receptor interaction analysis also revealed extensive interaction between MX1+NK cells and T/B cells, leading to an uncontrolled inflammatory response in ARDS. Conclusion MX1+NK cells can respond to type I interferons and secrete type I interferons themselves, promoting the development of sepsis-induced ARDS. Interfering with the infiltration of MX1+NK cells could be a therapeutic approach for this disease. Due to the limited sample size, a larger sample size was needed for further exploration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingxiang Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Peng
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haitao Liu
- School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qin Sun
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Chen
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinyi Xu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zihan Hu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xing Zhou
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kai Jin
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Xie
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingzi Huang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Huang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Yang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Huang SSY, Toufiq M, Eghtesady P, Van Panhuys N, Garand M. The molecular landscape of sepsis severity in infants: enhanced coagulation, innate immunity, and T cell repression. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1281111. [PMID: 38817614 PMCID: PMC11137207 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1281111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sepsis remains a major cause of mortality and morbidity in infants. In recent years, several gene marker strategies for the early identification of sepsis have been proposed but only a few have been independently validated for adult cohorts and applicability to infant sepsis remains unclear. Biomarkers to assess disease severity and risks of shock also represent an important unmet need. Methods To elucidate characteristics driving sepsis in infants, we assembled a multi-transcriptomic dataset from public microarray datasets originating from five independent studies pertaining to bacterial sepsis in infant < 6-months of age (total n=335). We utilized a COmbat co-normalization strategy to enable comparative evaluation across multiple studies while preserving the relationship between cases and controls. Results We found good concordance with only two out of seven of the published adult sepsis gene signatures (accuracy > 80%), highlighting the narrow utility of adult-derived signatures for infant diagnosis. Pseudotime analysis of individual subjects' gene expression profiles showed a continuum of molecular changes forming tight clusters concurrent with disease progression between healthy controls and septic shock cases. In depth gene expression analyses between bacteremia, septic shock, and healthy controls characterized lymphocyte activity, hemostatic processes, and heightened innate immunity during the molecular transition toward a state of shock. Discussion Our analysis revealed the presence of multiple significant transcriptomic perturbations that occur during the progression to septic shock in infants that are characterized by late-stage induction of clotting factors, in parallel with a heightened innate immune response and a suppression of adaptive cell functionality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susie Shih Yin Huang
- Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Immunology, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Pirooz Eghtesady
- Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | | | - Mathieu Garand
- Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Immunology, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Anderko RR, DePuyt AE, Bronson R, Bullotta AC, Aga E, Bosch RJ, Jones RB, Eron JJ, Mellors JW, Gandhi RT, McMahon DK, Macatangay BJ, Rinaldo CR, Mailliard RB. Persistence of a Skewed Repertoire of NK Cells in People with HIV-1 on Long-Term Antiretroviral Therapy. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 212:1564-1578. [PMID: 38551350 PMCID: PMC11073922 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
HIV-1 infection greatly alters the NK cell phenotypic and functional repertoire. This is highlighted by the expansion of a rare population of FcRγ- NK cells exhibiting characteristics of traditional immunologic memory in people with HIV (PWH). Although current antiretroviral therapy (ART) effectively controls HIV-1 viremia and disease progression, its impact on HIV-1-associated NK cell abnormalities remains unclear. To address this, we performed a longitudinal analysis detailing conventional and memory-like NK cell characteristics in n = 60 PWH during the first 4 y of ART. Throughout this regimen, a skewed repertoire of cytokine unresponsive FcRγ- memory-like NK cells persisted and accompanied an overall increase in NK surface expression of CD57 and KLRG1, suggestive of progression toward immune senescence. These traits were linked to elevated serum inflammatory biomarkers and increasing Ab titers to human CMV, with human CMV viremia detected in approximately one-third of PWH at years 1-4 of ART. Interestingly, 40% of PWH displayed atypical NK cell subsets, representing intermediate stages of NK-poiesis based on single-cell multiomic trajectory analysis. Our findings indicate that NK cell irregularities persist in PWH despite long-term ART, underscoring the need to better understand the causative mechanisms that prevent full restoration of immune health in PWH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renee R. Anderko
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Allison E. DePuyt
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rhianna Bronson
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Arlene C. Bullotta
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Evgenia Aga
- Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ronald J. Bosch
- Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R. Brad Jones
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joseph J. Eron
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - John W. Mellors
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rajesh T. Gandhi
- Infectious Disease Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Deborah K. McMahon
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Bernard J. Macatangay
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Charles R. Rinaldo
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Robbie B. Mailliard
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Saha S, Barik D, Biswas D. AMPs as Host-Directed Immunomodulatory Agents against Skin Infections Caused by Opportunistic Bacterial Pathogens. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:439. [PMID: 38786167 PMCID: PMC11117387 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13050439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Skin is the primary and largest protective organ of the human body. It produces a number of highly evolved arsenal of factors to counter the continuous assault of foreign materials and pathogens from the environment. One such potent factor is the repertoire of Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) that not only directly destroys invading pathogens, but also optimally modulate the immune functions of the body to counter the establishment and spread of infections. The canonical direct antimicrobial functions of these AMPs have been in focus for a long time to design principles for enhanced therapeutics, especially against the multi-drug resistant pathogens. However, in recent times the immunomodulatory functions performed by these peptides at sub-microbicidal concentrations have been a point of major focus in the field of host-directed therapeutics. Such strategies have the added benefit of not having the pathogens develop resistance against the immunomodulatory pathways, since the pathogens exploit these signaling pathways to obtain and survive within the host. Thus, this review summarizes the potent immunomodulatory effect of these AMPs on, specifically, the different host immune cells with the view of providing a platform of information that might help in designing studies to exploit and formulate effective host-directed adjunct therapeutic strategies that would synergies with drug regimens to counter the current diversity of drug-resistant skin opportunistic pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Debabrata Biswas
- Institute of Life Sciences, NALCO Square, Bhubaneswar 751023, Odisha, India; (S.S.); (D.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Leacy EJ, Teh JW, O’Rourke AM, Brady G, Gargan S, Conlon N, Scott J, Dunne J, Phelan T, Griffin MD, Power J, Mooney A, Naughton A, Kiersey R, Gardiner M, O’Brien C, Mullan R, Flood R, Clarkson M, Townsend L, O’Shaughnessy M, Dyer AH, Moran B, Fletcher JM, Zgaga L, Little MA. Effect of Immunosuppression on the Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Vaccination. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5239. [PMID: 38791279 PMCID: PMC11120762 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunosuppressive treatment in patients with rheumatic diseases can maintain disease remission but also increase risk of infection. Their response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination is frequently blunted. In this study we evaluated the effect of immunosuppression exposure on humoral and T cell immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination in two distinct cohorts of patients; one during acute SARS-CoV-2 infection and 3 months later during convalescence, and another prior to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, with follow up sampling 6 weeks after vaccination. Results were compared between rituximab-exposed (in previous 6 months), immunosuppression-exposed (in previous 3 months), and non-immunosuppressed groups. The immune cell phenotype was defined by flow cytometry and ELISA. Antigen specific T cell responses were estimated using a whole blood stimulation interferon-γ release assay. A focused post-vaccine assessment of rituximab-treated patients using high dimensional spectral cytometry was conducted. Acute SARS-CoV-2 infection was characterised by T cell lymphopenia, and a reduction in NK cells and naïve CD4 and CD8 cells, without any significant differences between immunosuppressed and non-immunosuppressed patient groups. Conversely, activated CD4 and CD8 cell counts increased in non-immunosuppressed patients with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection but this response was blunted in the presence of immunosuppression. In rituximab-treated patients, antigen-specific T cell responses were preserved in SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, but patients were unable to mount an appropriate humoral response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma J. Leacy
- Trinity Kidney Centre, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D08 W9RT Dublin, Ireland (G.B.)
| | - Jia Wei Teh
- Department of Nephrology, Galway University Hospital, H91 YR71 Galway, Ireland
| | - Aoife M. O’Rourke
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland; (A.M.O.)
| | - Gareth Brady
- Trinity Kidney Centre, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D08 W9RT Dublin, Ireland (G.B.)
| | - Siobhan Gargan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D08 W9RT Dublin, Ireland
| | - Niall Conlon
- Department of Immunology, St. James’s Hospital, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland (J.D.)
| | - Jennifer Scott
- Trinity Kidney Centre, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D08 W9RT Dublin, Ireland (G.B.)
| | - Jean Dunne
- Department of Immunology, St. James’s Hospital, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland (J.D.)
| | - Thomas Phelan
- Trinity Kidney Centre, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D08 W9RT Dublin, Ireland (G.B.)
| | - Matthew D. Griffin
- Department of Nephrology, Galway University Hospital, H91 YR71 Galway, Ireland
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, School of Medicine, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Julie Power
- Vasculitis Ireland Awareness, Belfast & Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aoife Mooney
- Department of Immunology, St. James’s Hospital, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland (J.D.)
| | - Aifric Naughton
- Department of Immunology, St. James’s Hospital, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland (J.D.)
| | - Rachel Kiersey
- Department of Immunology, St. James’s Hospital, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland (J.D.)
| | - Mary Gardiner
- Department of Immunology, St. James’s Hospital, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland (J.D.)
| | - Caroline O’Brien
- Department of Immunology, St. James’s Hospital, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland (J.D.)
| | - Ronan Mullan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D08 W9RT Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Rheumatology, Tallaght University Hospital, D24 NR0A Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rachael Flood
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D08 W9RT Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Rheumatology, Tallaght University Hospital, D24 NR0A Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael Clarkson
- Department of Nephrology, Cork University Hospital, T12 DC4A Cork, Ireland
| | - Liam Townsend
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. James’s Hospital, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michelle O’Shaughnessy
- Department of Nephrology, Galway University Hospital, H91 YR71 Galway, Ireland
- Department of Nephrology, Cork University Hospital, T12 DC4A Cork, Ireland
| | - Adam H. Dyer
- Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D08 W9RT Dublin, Ireland
| | - Barry Moran
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland; (A.M.O.)
| | - Jean M. Fletcher
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland; (A.M.O.)
| | - Lina Zgaga
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Population Health, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mark A. Little
- Trinity Kidney Centre, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D08 W9RT Dublin, Ireland (G.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Wang M, Wu H, Jiang W, Ren Y, Yuan X, Wang Y, Zhou J, Feng W, Wang Y, Xu T, Zhang D, Fang Y, He C, Li W. Differences in nature killer cell response and interference with mitochondrial DNA induced apoptosis in moxifloxacin environment. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 132:111970. [PMID: 38608472 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES As antibiotics become more prevalent, accuracy and safety are critical. Moxifloxacin (MXF) have been reported to have immunomodulatory effects on a variety of immune cells and even anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects, but the mechanism of action is not fully clear. METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from experimental groups of healthy adults (n = 3) were treated with MXF (10ug/ml) in vitro for 24 h. Single-cell sequencing was performed to investigate differences in the response of each immune cell to MXF. Flow cytometry determined differential gene expression in subsets of most damaged NK cells. Pseudo-time analysis identified drivers that influence MXF-stimulated cell differentiation. Detection of mitochondrial DNA and its involvement in the mitochondrial respiratory chain pathway clarifies the origin of MXF-induced stress injury. RESULTS Moxifloxacin-environmental NK cells are markedly reduced: a new subset of NK cells emerges, and immediate-early-response genes in this subset indicate the presence of an early activation response. The inhibitory receptor-dominant subset shows enhanced activation, leading to increased expression of cytokines and chemokines. The near-mature subset showed greater cytotoxicity and the most pronounced cellular damage. CD56bright cells responded by antagonizing the regulation of activation and inhibitory signals, demonstrating a strong cleavage capacity. The severe depletion of mitochondrial genes was focused on apoptosis induced by the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex. CONCLUSION NK cells exhibit heightened sensitivity to the MXF environment. Different NK subsets upregulate the expression of cytokines and chemokines through different activation pathways. Concurrently, MXF induces impairment of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system, culminating in apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengqing Wang
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Weiwei Jiang
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Yunfei Ren
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Xiaowei Yuan
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Wei Feng
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Yusen Wang
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Tianpeng Xu
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Danying Zhang
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Yunhao Fang
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Chao He
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Wenfang Li
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Griesler B, Hölzel M, Oswald J, Fänder J, Fischer T, Büttner M, Quandt D, Bähr I, Jasinski-Bergner S, Bazwinsky-Wutschke I, Kielstein H. Impact of siRNA-Mediated Cofilin-1 Knockdown and Obesity Associated Microenvironment on the Motility of Natural Killer Cells. Immunol Invest 2024:1-17. [PMID: 38721960 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2024.2327327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The anti-tumor capacity of natural killer (NK) cells heavily relies on their ability to migrate towards their target cells. This process is based on dynamic actinrearrangement, so-called actin treadmilling, andis tightly regulated by proteins such as cofilin-1. The aim of the present study was to identify the role of cofilin-1 (CFL-1) in the migratory behavior of NK cells and to investigate a possible impact of an obesity-associated micromilieu on these cells, as it is known that obesity correlates with various impaired NK cell functions. CFL-1 was knocked-down via transfection of NK-92 cells with respective siRNAs. Obesity associated micromilieu was mimicked by incubation of NK-92 cells with adipocyte-conditioned medium from human preadipocyte SGBS cells or leptin. Effects on CFL-1 levels, the degree of phosphorylation to the inactive pCFL-1 as well as NK-92 cell motility were analyzed. Surprisingly, siRNA-mediated CFL-1 knockdown led to a significant increase of migration, as determined by enhanced velocity and accumulated distance of migration. No effect on CFL-1 nor pCFL-1 expression levels, proportion of phosphorylation and cell migratory behavior could be demonstrated under the influence of an obesity-associated microenvironment. In conclusion, the results indicate a significant effect of a CFL-1 knockdown on NK cell motility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Griesler
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Marijke Hölzel
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jana Oswald
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Johannes Fänder
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Department of Pediatrics I, University Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Trutz Fischer
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Maximilian Büttner
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Dagmar Quandt
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Ina Bähr
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Simon Jasinski-Bergner
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Ivonne Bazwinsky-Wutschke
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Heike Kielstein
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Grauwet K, Berger T, Kann MC, Silva H, Larson R, Leick MB, Bailey SR, Bouffard AA, Millar D, Gallagher K, Turtle CJ, Frigault MJ, Maus MV. Stealth transgenes enable CAR-T cells to evade host immune responses. J Immunother Cancer 2024; 12:e008417. [PMID: 38724463 PMCID: PMC11086422 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-008417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adoptive cell therapy, such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy, has improved patient outcomes for hematological malignancies. Currently, four of the six FDA-approved CAR-T cell products use the FMC63-based αCD19 single-chain variable fragment, derived from a murine monoclonal antibody, as the extracellular binding domain. Clinical studies demonstrate that patients develop humoral and cellular immune responses to the non-self CAR components of autologous CAR-T cells or donor-specific antigens of allogeneic CAR-T cells, which is thought to potentially limit CAR-T cell persistence and the success of repeated dosing. METHODS In this study, we implemented a one-shot approach to prevent rejection of engineered T cells by simultaneously reducing antigen presentation and the surface expression of both Classes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) via expression of the viral inhibitors of transporter associated with antigen processing (TAPi) in combination with a transgene coding for shRNA targeting class II MHC transactivator (CIITA). The optimal combination was screened in vitro by flow cytometric analysis and mixed lymphocyte reaction assays and was validated in vivo in mouse models of leukemia and lymphoma. Functionality was assessed in an autologous setting using patient samples and in an allogeneic setting using an allogeneic mouse model. RESULTS The combination of the Epstein-Barr virus TAPi and an shRNA targeting CIITA was efficient and effective at reducing cell surface MHC classes I and II in αCD19 'stealth' CAR-T cells while retaining in vitro and in vivo antitumor functionality. Mixed lymphocyte reaction assays and IFNγ ELISpot assays performed with T cells from patients previously treated with autologous αCD19 CAR-T cells confirm that CAR T cells expressing the stealth transgenes evade allogeneic and autologous anti-CAR responses, which was further validated in vivo. Importantly, we noted anti-CAR-T cell responses in patients who had received multiple CAR-T cell infusions, and this response was reduced on in vitro restimulation with autologous CARs containing the stealth transgenes. CONCLUSIONS Together, these data suggest that the proposed stealth transgenes may reduce the immunogenicity of autologous and allogeneic cellular therapeutics. Moreover, patient data indicate that repeated doses of autologous FMC63-based αCD19 CAR-T cells significantly increased the anti-CAR T cell responses in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Korneel Grauwet
- Cellular Immunotherapy Program, Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hosptial, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Trisha Berger
- Cellular Immunotherapy Program, Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hosptial, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael C Kann
- Cellular Immunotherapy Program, Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hosptial, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Harrison Silva
- Cellular Immunotherapy Program, Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hosptial, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rebecca Larson
- Cellular Immunotherapy Program, Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hosptial, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mark B Leick
- Cellular Immunotherapy Program, Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hosptial, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stefanie R Bailey
- Cellular Immunotherapy Program, Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hosptial, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amanda A Bouffard
- Cellular Immunotherapy Program, Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hosptial, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David Millar
- Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kathleen Gallagher
- Cellular Immunotherapy Program, Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hosptial, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Cameron J Turtle
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Matthew J Frigault
- Cellular Immunotherapy Program, Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hosptial, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marcela V Maus
- Cellular Immunotherapy Program, Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hosptial, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Turner ME, Che J, Mirhaidari GJM, Kennedy CC, Blum KM, Rajesh S, Zbinden JC, Breuer CK, Best CA, Barker JC. The lysosomal trafficking regulator "LYST": an 80-year traffic jam. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1404846. [PMID: 38774881 PMCID: PMC11106369 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1404846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Lysosomes and lysosome related organelles (LROs) are dynamic organelles at the intersection of various pathways involved in maintaining cellular hemostasis and regulating cellular functions. Vesicle trafficking of lysosomes and LROs are critical to maintain their functions. The lysosomal trafficking regulator (LYST) is an elusive protein important for the regulation of membrane dynamics and intracellular trafficking of lysosomes and LROs. Mutations to the LYST gene result in Chédiak-Higashi syndrome, an autosomal recessive immunodeficiency characterized by defective granule exocytosis, cytotoxicity, etc. Despite eight decades passing since its initial discovery, a comprehensive understanding of LYST's function in cellular biology remains unresolved. Accumulating evidence suggests that dysregulation of LYST function also manifests in other disease states. Here, we review the available literature to consolidate available scientific endeavors in relation to LYST and discuss its relevance for immunomodulatory therapies, regenerative medicine and cancer applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mackenzie E. Turner
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
- Molecular and Cellular Developmental Biology Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Jingru Che
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Gabriel J. M. Mirhaidari
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Catherine C. Kennedy
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Kevin M. Blum
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Sahana Rajesh
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Jacob C. Zbinden
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Christopher K. Breuer
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Cameron A. Best
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
- Molecular and Cellular Developmental Biology Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Jenny C. Barker
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Marin ND, Becker-Hapak M, Song WM, Alayo QA, Marsala L, Sonnek N, Berrien-Elliott MM, Foster M, Foltz JA, Tran J, Wong P, Cubitt CC, Pence P, Hwang K, Zhou AY, Jacobs MT, Schappe T, Russler-Germain DA, Fields RC, Ciorba MA, Fehniger TA. Memory-like differentiation enhances NK cell responses against colorectal cancer. Oncoimmunology 2024; 13:2348254. [PMID: 38737793 PMCID: PMC11086027 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2024.2348254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Metastatic (m) colorectal cancer (CRC) is an incurable disease with a poor prognosis and thus remains an unmet clinical need. Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB)-based immunotherapy is effective for mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR)/microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) mCRC patients, but it does not benefit the majority of mCRC patients. NK cells are innate lymphoid cells with potent effector responses against a variety of tumor cells but are frequently dysfunctional in cancer patients. Memory-like (ML) NK cells differentiated after IL-12/IL-15/IL-18 activation overcome many challenges to effective NK cell anti-tumor responses, exhibiting enhanced recognition, function, and in vivo persistence. We hypothesized that ML differentiation enhances the NK cell responses to CRC. Compared to conventional (c) NK cells, ML NK cells displayed increased IFN-γ production against both CRC cell lines and primary patient-derived CRC spheroids. ML NK cells also exhibited improved killing of CRC target cells in vitro in short-term and sustained cytotoxicity assays, as well as in vivo in NSG mice. Mechanistically, enhanced ML NK cell responses were dependent on the activating receptor NKG2D as its blockade significantly decreased ML NK cell functions. Compared to cNK cells, ML NK cells exhibited greater antibody-dependent cytotoxicity when targeted against CRC by cetuximab. ML NK cells from healthy donors and mCRC patients exhibited increased anti-CRC responses. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that ML NK cells exhibit enhanced responses against CRC targets, warranting further investigation in clinical trials for mCRC patients, including those who have failed ICB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nancy D. Marin
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Michelle Becker-Hapak
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Wilbur M. Song
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Quazim A. Alayo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lynne Marsala
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Naomi Sonnek
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Melissa M. Berrien-Elliott
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mark Foster
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jennifer A. Foltz
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jennifer Tran
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Pamela Wong
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Celia C. Cubitt
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Patrick Pence
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kimberly Hwang
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Alice Y. Zhou
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Miriam T. Jacobs
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Timothy Schappe
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - David A. Russler-Germain
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ryan C. Fields
- Section of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Matthew A. Ciorba
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Todd A. Fehniger
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Schmälter AK, Löhr P, Konrad M, Waidhauser J, Arndt TT, Schiele S, Thoma A, Hackanson B, Rank A. Alterations in Peripheral Lymphocyte Subsets under Immunochemotherapy in Stage IV SCLC Patients: Th17 Cells as Potential Early Predictive Biomarker for Response. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5056. [PMID: 38791096 PMCID: PMC11121216 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
UICC stage IV small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive malignancy without curative treatment options. Several randomized trials have demonstrated improved survival rates through the addition of checkpoint inhibitors to first-line platin-based chemotherapy. Consequently, a combination of chemo- and immunotherapy has become standard palliative treatment. However, no reliable predictive biomarkers for treatment response exist. Neither PD-L1 expression nor tumor mutational burden have proven to be effective predictive biomarkers. In this study, we compared the cellular immune statuses of SCLC patients to a healthy control cohort and investigated changes in peripheral blood B, T, and NK lymphocytes, as well as several of their respective subsets, during treatment with immunochemotherapy (ICT) using flow cytometry. Our findings revealed a significant decrease in B cells, while T cells showed a trend to increase throughout ICT. Notably, high levels of exhausted CD4+ and CD8+ cells, alongside NK subsets, increased significantly during treatment. Furthermore, we correlated decreases/increases in subsets after two cycles of ICT with survival. Specifically, a decrease in Th17 cells indicated a better overall survival. Based on these findings, we suggest conducting further investigation into Th17 cells as a potential early predictive biomarkers for response in patients receiving palliative ICT for stage IV SCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Kristin Schmälter
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Augsburg University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Comprehensive Cancer Center Augsburg, 86156 Augsburg, Germany; (P.L.); (M.K.); (J.W.); (A.T.); (B.H.); (A.R.)
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), 86156 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Phillip Löhr
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Augsburg University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Comprehensive Cancer Center Augsburg, 86156 Augsburg, Germany; (P.L.); (M.K.); (J.W.); (A.T.); (B.H.); (A.R.)
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), 86156 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Maik Konrad
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Augsburg University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Comprehensive Cancer Center Augsburg, 86156 Augsburg, Germany; (P.L.); (M.K.); (J.W.); (A.T.); (B.H.); (A.R.)
| | - Johanna Waidhauser
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Augsburg University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Comprehensive Cancer Center Augsburg, 86156 Augsburg, Germany; (P.L.); (M.K.); (J.W.); (A.T.); (B.H.); (A.R.)
| | - Tim Tobias Arndt
- Institute of Mathematics, University of Augsburg, 86159 Augsburg, Germany; (T.T.A.); (S.S.)
| | - Stefan Schiele
- Institute of Mathematics, University of Augsburg, 86159 Augsburg, Germany; (T.T.A.); (S.S.)
| | - Alicia Thoma
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Augsburg University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Comprehensive Cancer Center Augsburg, 86156 Augsburg, Germany; (P.L.); (M.K.); (J.W.); (A.T.); (B.H.); (A.R.)
| | - Björn Hackanson
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Augsburg University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Comprehensive Cancer Center Augsburg, 86156 Augsburg, Germany; (P.L.); (M.K.); (J.W.); (A.T.); (B.H.); (A.R.)
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), 86156 Augsburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Rank
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Augsburg University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Comprehensive Cancer Center Augsburg, 86156 Augsburg, Germany; (P.L.); (M.K.); (J.W.); (A.T.); (B.H.); (A.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Yun J, Saddawi-Konefka R, Goldenson B, Al-Msari R, Bernareggi D, Thangaraj JL, Tang S, Patel SH, Luna SM, Gutkind JS, Kaufman D. CHMP2A regulates broad immune cell-mediated antitumor activity in an immunocompetent in vivo head and neck squamous cell carcinoma model. J Immunother Cancer 2024; 12:e007187. [PMID: 38702144 PMCID: PMC11086353 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-007187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural killer (NK) cells are key effector cells of antitumor immunity. However, tumors can acquire resistance programs to escape NK cell-mediated immunosurveillance. Identifying mechanisms that mediate this resistance enables us to define approaches to improve immune-mediate antitumor activity. In previous studies from our group, a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screen identified Charged Multivesicular Body Protein 2A (CHMP2A) as a novel mechanism that mediates tumor intrinsic resistance to NK cell activity. METHODS Here, we use an immunocompetent mouse model to demonstrate that CHMP2A serves as a targetable regulator of not only NK cell-mediated immunity but also other immune cell populations. Using the recently characterized murine 4MOSC model system, a syngeneic, tobacco-signature murine head and neck squamous cell carcinoma model, we deleted mCHMP2A using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock-out (KO), following orthotopic transplantation into immunocompetent hosts. RESULTS We found that mCHMP2A KO in 4MOSC1 cells leads to more potent NK-mediated tumor cell killing in vitro in these tumor cells. Moreover, following orthotopic transplantation, KO of mCHMP2A in 4MOSC1 cells, but not the more immune-resistant 4MOSC2 cells enables both T cells and NK cells to better mediate antitumor activity compared with wild type (WT) tumors. However, there was no difference in tumor development between WT and mCHMP2A KO 4MOSC1 or 4MOSC2 tumors when implanted in immunodeficient mice. Mechanistically, we find that mCHMP2A KO 4MOSC1 tumors transplanted into the immunocompetent mice had significantly increased CD4+T cells, CD8+T cells. NK cell, as well as fewer myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC). CONCLUSIONS Together, these studies demonstrate that CHMP2A is a targetable inhibitor of cellular antitumor immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoung Yun
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Sanford Stem Cell Institute, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Robert Saddawi-Konefka
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Dept. of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Benjamin Goldenson
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Sanford Stem Cell Institute, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Riyam Al-Msari
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Davide Bernareggi
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jaya L Thangaraj
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Sanford Stem Cell Institute, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Shiqi Tang
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Sonam H Patel
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Sarah M Luna
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - J Silvio Gutkind
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Dept. of Pharmacology, University of California School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Dan Kaufman
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Sanford Stem Cell Institute, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Luo H, Yang L, Zhang G, Bao X, Ma D, Li B, Cao L, Cao S, Liu S, Bao L, E J, Zheng Y. Whole transcriptome mapping reveals the lncRNA regulatory network of TFP5 treatment in diabetic nephropathy. Genes Genomics 2024; 46:621-635. [PMID: 38536617 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-024-01504-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND TFP5 is a Cdk5 inhibitor peptide, which could restore insulin production. However, the role of TFP5 in diabetic nephropathy (DN) is still unclear. OBJECTIVE This study aims to characterize the transcriptome profiles of mRNA and lncRNA in TFP5-treated DN mice to mine key lncRNAs associated with TFP5 efficacy. METHODS We evaluated the role of TFP5 in DN pathology and performed RNA sequencing in C57BL/6J control mice, C57BL/6J db/db model mice, and TFP5 treatment C57BL/6J db/db model mice. The differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) and mRNAs (DEmRNAs) were analyzed. WGCNA was used to screen hub-gene of TFP5 in treatment of DN. RESULTS Our results showed that TFP5 therapy ameliorated renal tubular injury in DN mice. In addition, compared with the control group, the expression profile of lncRNAs in the model group was significantly disordered, while TFP5 alleviated the abnormal expression of lncRNAs. A total of 67 DElncRNAs shared among the three groups, 39 DElncRNAs showed a trend of increasing in the DN group and decreasing after TFP treatment, while the remaining 28 showed the opposite trend. DElncRNAs were enriched in glycosphingolipid biosynthesis signaling pathways, NF-κB signaling pathways, and complement activation signaling pathways. There were 1028 up-regulated and 1117 down-regulated DEmRNAs in the model group compared to control group, and 123 up-regulated and 153 down-regulated DEmRNAs in the TFP5 group compared to the model group. The DEmRNAs were involved in PPAR and MAPK signaling pathway. We confirmed that MSTRG.28304.1 is a key DElncRNA for TFP5 treatment of DN. TFP5 ameliorated DN maybe by inhibiting MSTRG.28304.1 through regulating the insulin resistance and PPAR signaling pathway. The qRT-PCR results confirmed the reliability of the sequencing data through verifying the expression of ENSMUST00000211209, MSTRG.31814.5, MSTRG.28304.1, and MSTRG.45642.14. CONCLUSION Overall, the present study provides novel insights into molecular mechanisms of TFP5 treatment in DN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Luo
- Department of Nephrology, Ningxia Medical University Affiliated People's Hospital of Autonomous Region, No. 301 Zhengyuan North Street, Yinchuan, 750001, People's Republic of China
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lirong Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Ningxia Medical University Affiliated People's Hospital of Autonomous Region, No. 301 Zhengyuan North Street, Yinchuan, 750001, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqing Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Ningxia Medical University Affiliated People's Hospital of Autonomous Region, No. 301 Zhengyuan North Street, Yinchuan, 750001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Bao
- Department of Nephrology, Ningxia Medical University Affiliated People's Hospital of Autonomous Region, No. 301 Zhengyuan North Street, Yinchuan, 750001, People's Republic of China
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Danna Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Ningxia Medical University Affiliated People's Hospital of Autonomous Region, No. 301 Zhengyuan North Street, Yinchuan, 750001, People's Republic of China
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Nephrology, Ningxia Medical University Affiliated People's Hospital of Autonomous Region, No. 301 Zhengyuan North Street, Yinchuan, 750001, People's Republic of China
- Department of Nephrology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Cao
- Department of Nephrology, Ningxia Medical University Affiliated People's Hospital of Autonomous Region, No. 301 Zhengyuan North Street, Yinchuan, 750001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shilu Cao
- Department of Nephrology, Ningxia Medical University Affiliated People's Hospital of Autonomous Region, No. 301 Zhengyuan North Street, Yinchuan, 750001, People's Republic of China
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shunyao Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Ningxia Medical University Affiliated People's Hospital of Autonomous Region, No. 301 Zhengyuan North Street, Yinchuan, 750001, People's Republic of China
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Bao
- Department of Nephrology, Ningxia Medical University Affiliated People's Hospital of Autonomous Region, No. 301 Zhengyuan North Street, Yinchuan, 750001, People's Republic of China
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing E
- Department of Nephrology, Ningxia Medical University Affiliated People's Hospital of Autonomous Region, No. 301 Zhengyuan North Street, Yinchuan, 750001, People's Republic of China
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yali Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, Ningxia Medical University Affiliated People's Hospital of Autonomous Region, No. 301 Zhengyuan North Street, Yinchuan, 750001, People's Republic of China.
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Vittayawacharin P, Kongtim P, Chu Y, June CH, Bollard CM, Ciurea SO. Adoptive cellular therapy after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Am J Hematol 2024; 99:910-921. [PMID: 38269484 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.27204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Effective cellular therapy using CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T-cells for the treatment of advanced B-cell malignancies raises the question of whether the administration of adoptive cellular therapy (ACT) posttransplant could reduce relapse and improve survival. Moreover, several early phase clinical studies have shown the potential beneficial effects of administration of tumor-associated antigen-specific T-cells and natural killer cells posttransplant for high-risk patients, aiming to decrease relapse and possibly improve survival. In this article, we present an in-depth review of ACT after transplantation, which has the potential to significantly improve the efficacy of this procedure and revolutionize this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pongthep Vittayawacharin
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
| | - Piyanuch Kongtim
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
| | - Yaya Chu
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - Carl H June
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Catherine M Bollard
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's National Hospital and The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Stefan O Ciurea
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Li JW, Xv H, Wan RT. Bibliometric analysis of the global trends in immune-related recurrent pregnancy loss research over the last two decades. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2024; 50:828-841. [PMID: 38467350 DOI: 10.1111/jog.15907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
PROBLEM A comprehensive analysis was conducted to explore the scientific output on immune-related recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and its key aspects. Despite the lack of clear explanations for most RPL cases, immune factors were found to play a significant role. METHOD OF STUDY The study utilized a bibliometric approach, searching the Web of Science Core Collection database for relevant literature published between 2004 and 2023. RESULTS The collected dataset consisted of 2228 articles and reviews, revealing a consistent increase in publications and citations over the past two decades. The analysis identified the United States and China as the most productive countries in terms of RPL research. Among the institutions, Fudan University in China emerged as the top contributor, followed by Shanghai Jiaotong University. Kwak-kim J was the most prolific author, while Christiansen Ob had the highest number of co-citations. The top 25 co-cited references on diagnosis, treatment, and mechanisms formed the foundation of knowledge in this field. By examining keyword co-occurrence and co-citations, the study found that antiphospholipid syndrome and natural killer cells were the primary areas of focus in immune-related RPL research. Additionally, three emerging hotspots were identified: chronic endometritis, inflammation, and decidual macrophages. These aspects demonstrated increasing interest and research activity within the field of immune-related RPL. CONCLUSIONS Overall, this comprehensive bibliometric analysis provided valuable insights into the patterns, frontiers, and focal points of global scientific output related to immune-related RPL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Wei Li
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Honglin Xv
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ren-Tao Wan
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Kong D, Kwon D, Moon B, Kim DH, Kim MJ, Choi J, Kang KS. CD19 CAR-expressing iPSC-derived NK cells effectively enhance migration and cytotoxicity into glioblastoma by targeting to the pericytes in tumor microenvironment. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116436. [PMID: 38508081 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
In cancer immunotherapy, chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) targeting specific antigens have become a powerful tool for cell-based therapy. CAR-natural killer (NK) cells offer selective anticancer lysis with reduced off-tumor toxicity compared to CAR-T cells, which is beneficial in the heterogeneous milieu of solid tumors. In the tumor microenvironment (TME) of glioblastoma (GBM), pericytes not only support tumor growth but also contribute to immune evasion, underscoring their potential as therapeutic targets in GBM treatment. Given this context, our study aimed to target the GBM TME, with a special focus on pericytes expressing CD19, to evaluate the potential effectiveness of CD19 CAR-iNK cells against GBM. We performed CD19 CAR transduction in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived NK (iNK) cells. To determine whether CD19 CAR targets the TME pericytes in GBM, we developed GBM-blood vessel assembloids (GBVA) by fusing GBM spheroids with blood vessel organoids. When co-cultured with GBVA, CD19 CAR-iNK cells migrated towards the pericytes surrounding the GBM. Using a microfluidic chip, we demonstrated CD19 CAR-iNK cells' targeted action and cytotoxic effects in a perfusion-like environment. GBVA xenografts recapitulated the TME including human CD19-positive pericytes, thereby enabling the application of an in vivo model for validating the efficacy of CD19 CAR-iNK cells against GBM. Compared to GBM spheroids, the presence of pericytes significantly enhanced CD19 CAR-iNK cell migration towards GBM and reduced proliferation. These results underline the efficacy of CD19 CAR-iNK cells in targeting pericytes within the GBM TME, suggesting their potential therapeutic value for GBM treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dasom Kong
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Daekee Kwon
- Research Institute in Maru Therapeutics, Seoul 05854, Republic of Korea
| | - Bokyung Moon
- Research Institute in Maru Therapeutics, Seoul 05854, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Hyun Kim
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul 01133, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ji Kim
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungju Choi
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Sun Kang
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Hermans L, O’Sullivan TE. No time to die: Epigenetic regulation of natural killer cell survival. Immunol Rev 2024; 323:61-79. [PMID: 38426615 PMCID: PMC11102341 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
NK cells are short-lived innate lymphocytes that can mediate antigen-independent responses to infection and cancer. However, studies from the past two decades have shown that NK cells can acquire transcriptional and epigenetic modifications during inflammation that result in increased survival and lifespan. These findings blur the lines between the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system, and suggest that the homeostatic mechanisms that govern the persistence of innate immune cells are malleable. Indeed, recent studies have shown that NK cells undergo continuous and strictly regulated adaptations controlling their survival during development, tissue residency, and following inflammation. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the critical factors regulating NK cell survival throughout their lifespan, with a specific emphasis on the epigenetic modifications that regulate the survival of NK cells in various contexts. A precise understanding of the molecular mechanisms that govern NK cell survival will be important to enhance therapies for cancer and infectious diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leen Hermans
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Timothy E. O’Sullivan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| |
Collapse
|