1
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Williams N, Silva F, Schmolke M. Harnessing host enhancers of SARS-CoV-2 entry as novel targets for antiviral therapy. Antiviral Res 2024; 228:105951. [PMID: 38945485 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
The WHO declared the official end of the SARS-CoV-2 caused public health emergency on May 5th, 2023, after two years in which the virus infected approximately 750 Mio individuals causing estimated up to 7 Mio deaths. Likely, the virus will continue to evolve in the human population as a seasonal respiratory pathogen. To now prevent severe infection outcomes in vulnerable individuals, effective antivirals are urgently needed to complement the protection provided by vaccines. SARS-CoV-2 enters its host cell via ACE2 mediated membrane fusion, either at the plasma membrane, if the protease TMPRSS2 is present or via the endosome, in a cathepsin dependent fashion. A small number of positive regulators of viral uptake were described in the literature, which are potentially useful targets for host directed antiviral therapy or biomarkers indicating increased or diminished susceptibility to infection. We identified here by cell surface proximity ligation novel proteins, required for efficient virion uptake. Importantly, chemical inhibition of one of these factors, SLC3A2, resulted in robust reduction of viral replication, to that achieved with a TMPRSS2 inhibitor. Our screen identified new host dependency factors for SARS-CoV-2 entry, which could be targeted by novel antiviral therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalia Williams
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Filo Silva
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Mirco Schmolke
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Geneva Center for Inflammation Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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2
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Qiang Z, Wan J, Chen X, Wang H. Mechanisms and therapeutic targets of ErbB family receptors in hepatocellular carcinoma: a narrative review. Transl Cancer Res 2024; 13:3156-3178. [PMID: 38988928 PMCID: PMC11231811 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-24-837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objective Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly heterogeneous and aggressive tumor. In recent years, the incidence of HCC has been increasing worldwide. Despite notable advancements in treatment methodologies, the prognosis of HCC patients remains unsatisfactory. ErbB family proteins play important roles in the occurrence, progression, and metastasis of HCC, and their abnormal expression is often closely associated with poor patient prognosis. This article sought to investigate the current status and research progress of ErbB family protein targeted therapy in HCC in recent years to provide a reference for basic research and clinical treatment. Methods We performed a comprehensive, narrative review of the latest literature to define the current progress of ErbB family receptors in HCC in both the pre-clinical and clinical arenas. Key Content and Findings The ErbB family belongs to the tyrosine kinase (TK) receptor family that comprises four members. These members are closely associated with proliferation, cell cycle regulation, and migration during HCC development through multiple signaling pathways. ErbB-targeted therapy has shown tremendous potential and prospects in the treatment of HCC. Conclusions Through in-depth research and the application of ErbB-targeted therapy, broader avenues will be opened for the treatment of HCC and other tumors, leading to more personalized and precise treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyuan Qiang
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Juan Wan
- West China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangzheng Chen
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haichuan Wang
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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3
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Seurre C, Roca Suarez AA, Testoni B, Zoulim F, Grigorov B. After the Storm: Persistent Molecular Alterations Following HCV Cure. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7073. [PMID: 39000179 PMCID: PMC11241208 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) against hepatitis C virus (HCV) has revolutionized the management of this pathology, as their use allows viral elimination in a large majority of patients. Nonetheless, HCV remains a major public health problem due to the multiple challenges associated with its diagnosis, treatment availability and development of a prophylactic vaccine. Moreover, HCV-cured patients still present an increased risk of developing hepatic complications such as hepatocellular carcinoma. In the present review, we aim to summarize the impact that HCV infection has on a wide variety of peripheral and intrahepatic cell populations, the alterations that remain following DAA treatment and the potential molecular mechanisms implicated in their long-term persistence. Finally, we consider how recent developments in single-cell multiomics could refine our understanding of this disease in each specific intrahepatic cell population and drive the field to explore new directions for the development of chemo-preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coline Seurre
- INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69434 Lyon, France; (C.S.); (A.A.R.S.); (B.T.); (F.Z.)
- The Lyon Hepatology Institute EVEREST, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - Armando Andres Roca Suarez
- INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69434 Lyon, France; (C.S.); (A.A.R.S.); (B.T.); (F.Z.)
- The Lyon Hepatology Institute EVEREST, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - Barbara Testoni
- INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69434 Lyon, France; (C.S.); (A.A.R.S.); (B.T.); (F.Z.)
- The Lyon Hepatology Institute EVEREST, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - Fabien Zoulim
- INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69434 Lyon, France; (C.S.); (A.A.R.S.); (B.T.); (F.Z.)
- The Lyon Hepatology Institute EVEREST, 69003 Lyon, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69002 Lyon, France
| | - Boyan Grigorov
- INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69434 Lyon, France; (C.S.); (A.A.R.S.); (B.T.); (F.Z.)
- The Lyon Hepatology Institute EVEREST, 69003 Lyon, France
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4
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Shahini E, Argentiero A, Andriano A, Losito F, Maida M, Facciorusso A, Cozzolongo R, Villa E. Hepatitis E Virus: What More Do We Need to Know? MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:998. [PMID: 38929615 PMCID: PMC11205503 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60060998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is typically a self-limiting, acute illness that spreads through the gastrointestinal tract but replicates in the liver. However, chronic infections are possible in immunocompromised individuals. The HEV virion has two shapes: exosome-like membrane-associated quasi-enveloped virions (eHEV) found in circulating blood or in the supernatant of infected cell cultures and non-enveloped virions ("naked") found in infected hosts' feces and bile to mediate inter-host transmission. Although HEV is mainly spread via enteric routes, it is unclear how it penetrates the gut wall to reach the portal bloodstream. Both virion types are infectious, but they infect cells in different ways. To develop personalized treatment/prevention strategies and reduce HEV impact on public health, it is necessary to decipher the entry mechanism for both virion types using robust cell culture and animal models. The contemporary knowledge of the cell entry mechanism for these two HEV virions as possible therapeutic target candidates is summarized in this narrative review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endrit Shahini
- Gastroenterology Unit, National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis”, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (F.L.); (R.C.)
| | | | - Alessandro Andriano
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari Aldo Moro Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Francesco Losito
- Gastroenterology Unit, National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis”, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (F.L.); (R.C.)
| | - Marcello Maida
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, S. Elia-Raimondi Hospital, 93100 Caltanissetta, Italy;
| | - Antonio Facciorusso
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Raffaele Cozzolongo
- Gastroenterology Unit, National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis”, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (F.L.); (R.C.)
| | - Erica Villa
- Gastroenterology Unit, CHIMOMO Department, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41121 Modena, Italy
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5
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Woytinek K, Glitscher M, Hildt E. Antagonism of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling favors hepatitis E virus life cycle. J Virol 2024:e0058024. [PMID: 38856640 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00580-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) poses a global threat, which currently remains understudied in terms of host interactions. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays multifaceted roles in viral pathogenesis, impacting host-cell entry, viral replication, and host-defense modulation. On the one hand, EGFR signaling emerged as a major driver in innate immunity; on the other hand, a crosstalk between HEV and EGFR requires deeper analysis. We therefore aimed to dissect the receptor's involvement in the HEV life cycle. In persistently HEV-infected cells, the EGFR amount is decreased alongside with enhanced receptor internalization. As compared with the control ligand-induced EGFR, activation revealed an early receptor internalization and degradation in HEV-replicating cells, resulting in a notable EGFR signaling delay. Interestingly, inhibition or silencing of EGFR increased viral replication, extracellular and intracellular viral transcripts, and released infectious particles. The pro-viral impact of EGFR inhibition was attributed to (i) impaired expression of interferon-stimulated genes, (ii) activation of the autophagosomal system, (iii) virus-induced inhibition of lysosomal acidification, and (iv) a decrease of the cellular cholesterol level. IMPORTANCE This study identifies epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) as a novel host factor affecting hepatitis E virus (HEV): EGFR downregulation promotes viral replication, release, and evasion from the innate immune response. The discovery that EGFR inhibition favors viral spread is particularly concerning for HEV patients undergoing EGFR inhibitor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mirco Glitscher
- Division of Virology, Paul Ehrlich Institute, Langen, Germany
| | - Eberhard Hildt
- Division of Virology, Paul Ehrlich Institute, Langen, Germany
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Liu LL, Yin YQ, Ma KX, Xing JC, Ren XX, Huang JY, Liao M, Qi WB, Huang LH. Identification critical host factors for Japanese encephalitis virus replication via CRISPR screening of human sgRNA library. Vet Microbiol 2024; 293:110099. [PMID: 38677125 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a pathogen with a substantial impact on both livestock and human health. However, the critical host factors in the virus life cycle remain poorly understood. Using a library comprising 123411 small guide RNAs (sgRNAs) targeting 19050 human genes, we conducted a genome-wide clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9-based screen to identify essential genes for JEV replication. By employing knockout or knockdown techniques on genes, we identified eleven human genes crucial for JEV replication, such as prolactin releasing hormone receptor (PRLHR), activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 3 (ASCC3), acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 3 (ACSL3), and others. Notably, we found that PRLHR knockdown blocked the autophagic flux, thereby inhibiting JEV infection. Taken together, these findings provide effective data for studying important host factors of JEV replication and scientific data for selecting antiviral drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le-le Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China; National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - You-Qin Yin
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China; National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Kai-Xiong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jin-Chao Xing
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xing-Xing Ren
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jin-Yu Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China; National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ming Liao
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China; National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wen-Bao Qi
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China; National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Li-Hong Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China; National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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7
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Pewkliang Y, Thongsri P, Suthivanich P, Thongbaiphet N, Keatkla J, Pasomsub E, Anurathapan U, Borwornpinyo S, Wongkajornsilp A, Hongeng S, Sa-Ngiamsuntorn K. Immortalized hepatocyte-like cells: A competent hepatocyte model for studying clinical HCV isolate infection. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303265. [PMID: 38739590 PMCID: PMC11090328 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
More than 58 million individuals worldwide are inflicted with chronic HCV. The disease carries a high risk of end stage liver disease, i.e., cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Although direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) have revolutionized therapy, the emergence of drug-resistant strains has become a growing concern. Conventional cellular models, Huh7 and its derivatives were very permissive to only HCVcc (JFH-1), but not HCV clinical isolates. The lack of suitable host cells had hindered comprehensive research on patient-derived HCV. Here, we established a novel hepatocyte model for HCV culture to host clinically pan-genotype HCV strains. The immortalized hepatocyte-like cell line (imHC) derived from human mesenchymal stem cell carries HCV receptors and essential host factors. The imHC outperformed Huh7 as a host for HCV (JFH-1) and sustained the entire HCV life cycle of pan-genotypic clinical isolates. We analyzed the alteration of host markers (i.e., hepatic markers, cellular innate immune response, and cell apoptosis) in response to HCV infection. The imHC model uncovered the underlying mechanisms governing the action of IFN-α and the activation of sofosbuvir. The insights from HCV-cell culture model hold promise for understanding disease pathogenesis and novel anti-HCV development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyut Pewkliang
- Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Program in Translational Medicine, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Rajathevi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Piyanoot Thongsri
- Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Program in Translational Medicine, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Rajathevi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Phichaya Suthivanich
- Faculty of Science, Excellent Center for Drug Discovery, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Rajathevi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nipa Thongbaiphet
- Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Department of Pathology, Virology Laboratory, Mahidol University, Rajathevi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jiraporn Keatkla
- Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Department of Pathology, Virology Laboratory, Mahidol University, Rajathevi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ekawat Pasomsub
- Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Department of Pathology, Virology Laboratory, Mahidol University, Rajathevi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Usanarat Anurathapan
- Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Mahidol University, Rajathevi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suparerk Borwornpinyo
- Faculty of Science, Excellent Center for Drug Discovery, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Rajathevi, Bangkok, Thailand
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biotechnology, Mahidol University, Rajathevi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Adisak Wongkajornsilp
- Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Department of Pharmacology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suradej Hongeng
- Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Mahidol University, Rajathevi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Khanit Sa-Ngiamsuntorn
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Mahidol University, Rajathevi, Bangkok, Thailand
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8
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Shin HJ, Lee W, Ku KB, Yoon GY, Moon HW, Kim C, Kim MH, Yi YS, Jun S, Kim BT, Oh JW, Siddiqui A, Kim SJ. SARS-CoV-2 aberrantly elevates mitochondrial bioenergetics to induce robust virus propagation. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:125. [PMID: 38734691 PMCID: PMC11088672 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01836-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a 'highly transmissible respiratory pathogen, leading to severe multi-organ damage. However, knowledge regarding SARS-CoV-2-induced cellular alterations is limited. In this study, we report that SARS-CoV-2 aberrantly elevates mitochondrial bioenergetics and activates the EGFR-mediated cell survival signal cascade during the early stage of viral infection. SARS-CoV-2 causes an increase in mitochondrial transmembrane potential via the SARS-CoV-2 RNA-nucleocapsid cluster, thereby abnormally promoting mitochondrial elongation and the OXPHOS process, followed by enhancing ATP production. Furthermore, SARS-CoV-2 activates the EGFR signal cascade and subsequently induces mitochondrial EGFR trafficking, contributing to abnormal OXPHOS process and viral propagation. Approved EGFR inhibitors remarkably reduce SARS-CoV-2 propagation, among which vandetanib exhibits the highest antiviral efficacy. Treatment of SARS-CoV-2-infected cells with vandetanib decreases SARS-CoV-2-induced EGFR trafficking to the mitochondria and restores SARS-CoV-2-induced aberrant elevation in OXPHOS process and ATP generation, thereby resulting in the reduction of SARS-CoV-2 propagation. Furthermore, oral administration of vandetanib to SARS-CoV-2-infected hACE2 transgenic mice reduces SARS-CoV-2 propagation in lung tissue and mitigates SARS-CoV-2-induced lung inflammation. Vandetanib also exhibits potent antiviral activity against various SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, including alpha, beta, delta and omicron, in in vitro cell culture experiments. Taken together, our findings provide novel insight into SARS-CoV-2-induced alterations in mitochondrial dynamics and EGFR trafficking during the early stage of viral infection and their roles in robust SARS-CoV-2 propagation, suggesting that EGFR is an attractive host target for combating COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Shin
- Department of Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooseong Lee
- Department of Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Bon Ku
- Department of Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Gun Young Yoon
- Department of Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Moon
- Department of Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Chonsaeng Kim
- Department of Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Hwa Kim
- Department of Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
- Gyeongnam Biohealth Research Center, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju, 52834, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Sun Yi
- Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangmi Jun
- Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum-Tae Kim
- Department of Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Won Oh
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Aleem Siddiqui
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Seong-Jun Kim
- Department of Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea.
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9
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Yang Y, Ding T, Cong Y, Luo X, Liu C, Gong T, Zhao M, Zheng X, Li C, Zhang Y, Zhou J, Ni C, Zhang X, Ji Z, Wu T, Yang S, Zhou Q, Wu D, Gong X, Zheng Q, Li X. Interferon-induced transmembrane protein-1 competitively blocks Ephrin receptor A2-mediated Epstein-Barr virus entry into epithelial cells. Nat Microbiol 2024; 9:1256-1270. [PMID: 38649412 PMCID: PMC11087256 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-024-01659-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) can infect both B cells and epithelial cells (ECs), causing diseases such as mononucleosis and cancer. It enters ECs via Ephrin receptor A2 (EphA2). The function of interferon-induced transmembrane protein-1 (IFITM1) in EBV infection of ECs remains elusive. Here we report that IFITM1 inhibits EphA2-mediated EBV entry into ECs. RNA-sequencing and clinical sample analysis show reduced IFITM1 in EBV-positive ECs and a negative correlation between IFITM1 level and EBV copy number. IFITM1 depletion increases EBV infection and vice versa. Exogenous soluble IFITM1 effectively prevents EBV infection in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, three-dimensional structure prediction and site-directed mutagenesis demonstrate that IFITM1 interacts with EphA2 via its two specific residues, competitively blocking EphA2 binding to EBV glycoproteins. Finally, YTHDF3, an m6A reader, suppresses IFITM1 via degradation-related DEAD-box protein 5 (DDX5). Thus, this study underscores IFITM1's crucial role in blocking EphA2-mediated EBV entry into ECs, indicating its potential in preventing EBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinggui Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Oncology, Department of Urology, and Clinical Innovation and Research Centre (CIRC), Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tengteng Ding
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Oncology, Department of Urology, and Clinical Innovation and Research Centre (CIRC), Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Cong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Oncology, Department of Urology, and Clinical Innovation and Research Centre (CIRC), Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaomin Luo
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Oncology, Department of Urology, and Clinical Innovation and Research Centre (CIRC), Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Changlin Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Oncology, Department of Urology, and Clinical Innovation and Research Centre (CIRC), Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ting Gong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Oncology, Department of Urology, and Clinical Innovation and Research Centre (CIRC), Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Min Zhao
- PANACRO(Hefei) Pharmaceutical Technology Co. Ltd., Hefei, China
| | - Xichun Zheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Oncology, Department of Urology, and Clinical Innovation and Research Centre (CIRC), Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Chenglin Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Oncology, Department of Urology, and Clinical Innovation and Research Centre (CIRC), Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanbin Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Oncology, Department of Urology, and Clinical Innovation and Research Centre (CIRC), Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiayi Zhou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Oncology, Department of Urology, and Clinical Innovation and Research Centre (CIRC), Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chuping Ni
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Oncology, Department of Urology, and Clinical Innovation and Research Centre (CIRC), Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xueyu Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Oncology, Department of Urology, and Clinical Innovation and Research Centre (CIRC), Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ziliang Ji
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Oncology, Department of Urology, and Clinical Innovation and Research Centre (CIRC), Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Oncology, Department of Urology, and Clinical Innovation and Research Centre (CIRC), Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaodong Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Oncology, Department of Urology, and Clinical Innovation and Research Centre (CIRC), Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingchun Zhou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Oncology, Department of Urology, and Clinical Innovation and Research Centre (CIRC), Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Dinglan Wu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Oncology, Department of Urology, and Clinical Innovation and Research Centre (CIRC), Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xinqi Gong
- Mathematical Intelligence Application LAB, Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China.
| | - Qingyou Zheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Oncology, Department of Urology, and Clinical Innovation and Research Centre (CIRC), Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xin Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Oncology, Department of Urology, and Clinical Innovation and Research Centre (CIRC), Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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10
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Sabourirad S, Dimitriadis E, Mantamadiotis T. Viruses exploit growth factor mechanisms to achieve augmented pathogenicity and promote tumorigenesis. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:193. [PMID: 38526562 PMCID: PMC10963461 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-03855-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Cellular homeostasis is regulated by growth factors (GFs) which orchestrate various cellular processes including proliferation, survival, differentiation, motility, inflammation and angiogenesis. Dysregulation of GFs in microbial infections and malignancies have been reported previously. Viral pathogens exemplify the exploitation of host cell GFs and their signalling pathways contributing to viral entry, virulence, and evasion of anti-viral immune responses. Viruses can also perturb cellular metabolism and the cell cycle by manipulation of GF signaling. In some cases, this disturbance may promote oncogenesis. Viral pathogens can encode viral GF homologues and induce the endogenous biosynthesis of GFs and their corresponding receptors or manipulate their activity to infect the host cells. Close investigation of how viral strategies exploit and regulate GFs, a will shed light on how to improve anti-viral therapy and cancer treatment. In this review, we discuss and provide insights on how various viral pathogens exploit different GFs to promote viral survival and oncogenic transformation, and how this knowledge can be leveraged toward the design of more efficient therapeutics or novel drug delivery systems in the treatment of both viral infections and malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarvenaz Sabourirad
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| | - Evdokia Dimitriadis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Gynaecology Research Centre, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Theo Mantamadiotis
- Department of Surgery RMH, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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11
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Siwo GH, Singal AG, Waljee AK. Pan-cancer molecular signatures connecting aspartate transaminase (AST) to cancer prognosis, metabolic and immune signatures. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.01.582939. [PMID: 38496547 PMCID: PMC10942358 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.01.582939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Background Serum aspartate transaminase (sAST) level is used routinely in conjunction with other clinical assays to assess liver health and disease. Increasing evidence suggests that sAST is associated with all-cause mortality and has prognostic value in several cancers, including gastrointestinal and urothelial cancers. Here, we undertake a systems approach to unravel molecular connections between AST and cancer prognosis, metabolism, and immune signatures at the transcriptomic and proteomic levels. Methods We mined public gene expression data across multiple normal and cancerous tissues using the Genotype Tissue Expression (GTEX) resource and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to assess the expression of genes encoding AST isoenzymes (GOT1 and GOT2) and their association with disease prognosis and immune infiltration signatures across multiple tumors. We examined the associations between AST and previously reported pan-cancer molecular subtypes characterized by distinct metabolic and immune signatures. We analyzed human protein-protein interaction networks for interactions between GOT1 and GOT2 with cancer-associated proteins. Using public databases and protein-protein interaction networks, we determined whether the subset of proteins that interact with AST (GOT1 and GOT2 interactomes) are enriched with proteins associated with specific diseases, miRNAs and transcription factors. Results We show that AST transcript isoforms (GOT1 and GOT2) are expressed across a wide range of normal tissues. AST isoforms are upregulated in tumors of the breast, lung, uterus, and thymus relative to normal tissues but downregulated in tumors of the liver, colon, brain, kidney and skeletal sarcomas. At the proteomic level, we find that the expression of AST is associated with distinct pan-cancer molecular subtypes with an enrichment of specific metabolic and immune signatures. Based on human protein-protein interaction data, AST physically interacts with multiple proteins involved in tumor initiation, suppression, progression, and treatment. We find enrichments in the AST interactomes for proteins associated with liver and lung cancer and dermatologic diseases. At the regulatory level, the GOT1 interactome is enriched with the targets of cancer-associated miRNAs, specifically mir34a - a promising cancer therapeutic, while the GOT2 interactome is enriched with proteins that interact with cancer-associated transcription factors. Conclusions Our findings suggest that perturbations in the levels of AST within specific tissues reflect pathophysiological changes beyond tissue damage and have implications for cancer metabolism, immune infiltration, prognosis, and treatment personalization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amit G. Singal
- Department of Learning Health Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas TX
- Center for Global Health Equity, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Akbar K. Waljee
- Department of Learning Health Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas TX
- Center for Global Health Equity, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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12
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Grisez T, Ravi NP, Froeyen M, Schols D, Van Meervelt L, De Jonghe S, Dehaen W. Synthesis of a 3,7-Disubstituted Isothiazolo[4,3- b]pyridine as a Potential Inhibitor of Cyclin G-Associated Kinase. Molecules 2024; 29:954. [PMID: 38474466 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29050954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Disubstituted isothiazolo[4,3-b]pyridines are known inhibitors of cyclin G-associated kinase. Since 3-substituted-7-aryl-isothiazolo[4,3-b]pyridines remain elusive, a strategy was established to prepare this chemotype, starting from 2,4-dichloro-3-nitropyridine. Selective C-4 arylation using ligand-free Suzuki-Miyaura coupling and palladium-catalyzed aminocarbonylation functioned as key steps in the synthesis. The 3-N-morpholinyl-7-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-isothiazolo[4,3-b]pyridine was completely devoid of GAK affinity, in contrast to its 3,5- and 3,6-disubstituted congeners. Molecular modeling was applied to rationalize its inactivity as a GAK ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Grisez
- Department of Chemistry, Sustainable Chemistry for Metals and Molecules, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nitha Panikkassery Ravi
- Department of Chemistry, Sustainable Chemistry for Metals and Molecules, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mathy Froeyen
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, P.O. Box 1041, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dominique Schols
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, P.O. Box 1043, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Luc Van Meervelt
- Department of Chemistry, Biomolecular Architecture, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Steven De Jonghe
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, P.O. Box 1043, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim Dehaen
- Department of Chemistry, Sustainable Chemistry for Metals and Molecules, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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13
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Gerninghaus J, Zhubi R, Krämer A, Karim M, Tran DHN, Joerger AC, Schreiber C, Berger LM, Berger BT, Ehret TAL, Elson L, Lenz C, Saxena K, Müller S, Einav S, Knapp S, Hanke T. Back-pocket optimization of 2-aminopyrimidine-based macrocycles leads to potent dual EPHA2/GAK kinase inhibitors with antiviral activity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.18.580805. [PMID: 38405908 PMCID: PMC10888910 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.18.580805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Macrocyclization of acyclic compounds is a powerful strategy for improving inhibitor potency and selectivity. Here, we developed a 2-aminopyrimidine-based macrocyclic dual EPHA2/GAK kinase inhibitor as a chemical tool to study the role of these two kinases in viral entry and assembly. Starting with a promiscuous macrocyclic inhibitor, 6, we performed a structure-guided activity relationship and selectivity study using a panel of over 100 kinases. The crystal structure of EPHA2 in complex with the developed macrocycle 23 provided a basis for further optimization by specifically targeting the back pocket, resulting in compound 55 as a potent dual EPHA2/GAK inhibitor. Subsequent front-pocket derivatization resulted in an interesting in cellulo selectivity profile, favoring EPHA4 over the other ephrin receptor kinase family members. The dual EPHA2/GAK inhibitor 55 prevented dengue virus infection of Huh7 liver cells, mainly via its EPHA2 activity, and is therefore a promising candidate for further optimization of its activity against dengue virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Gerninghaus
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), Buchmann Institute for Life Sciences, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Rezart Zhubi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), Buchmann Institute for Life Sciences, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Andreas Krämer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), Buchmann Institute for Life Sciences, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Marwah Karim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Do Hoang Nhu Tran
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Andreas C Joerger
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), Buchmann Institute for Life Sciences, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Christian Schreiber
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), Buchmann Institute for Life Sciences, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lena M Berger
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), Buchmann Institute for Life Sciences, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Benedict-Tilman Berger
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), Buchmann Institute for Life Sciences, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Theresa A L Ehret
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), Buchmann Institute for Life Sciences, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lewis Elson
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), Buchmann Institute for Life Sciences, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Christopher Lenz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), Buchmann Institute for Life Sciences, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Krishna Saxena
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), Buchmann Institute for Life Sciences, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Susanne Müller
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), Buchmann Institute for Life Sciences, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Shirit Einav
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Stefan Knapp
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), Buchmann Institute for Life Sciences, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Thomas Hanke
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), Buchmann Institute for Life Sciences, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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14
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Theerawatanasirikul S, Lueangaramkul V, Semkum P, Lekcharoensuk P. Antiviral mechanisms of sorafenib against foot-and-mouth disease virus via c-RAF and AKT/PI3K pathways. Vet Res Commun 2024; 48:329-343. [PMID: 37697209 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-023-10211-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is a highly contagious pathogen that poses a significant threat to the global livestock industry. However, specific antiviral treatments against FMDV are currently unavailable. This study aimed to evaluate the antiviral activity of anticancer drugs, including kinase and non-kinase inhibitors against FMDV replication in BHK-21 cells. Sorafenib, a multi-kinase inhibitor, demonstrated a significant dose-dependent reduction in FMDV replication. It exhibited a half maximal effective concentration (EC50) value of 2.46 µM at the pre-viral entry stage and 2.03 µM at the post-viral entry stage. Further intracellular assays revealed that sorafenib effectively decreased 3Dpol activity with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 155 nM, while not affecting 3Cpro function. The study indicates that sorafenib influences host protein pathways during FMDV infection, primarily by potentiating the c-RAF canonical pathway and AKT/PI3K pathway. Molecular docking analysis demonstrated specific binding of sorafenib to the active site of FMDV 3Dpol, interacting with crucial catalytic residues, including D245, D338, S298, and N307. Additionally, sorafenib exhibited significant binding affinity to the active site motifs of cellular kinases, namely c-RAF, AKT, and PI3K, which play critical roles in the viral life cycle. The findings suggest that sorafenib holds promise as a therapeutic agent against FMDV infection. Its mechanism of action may involve inhibiting FMDV replication by reducing 3Dpol activity and regulating cellular kinases. This study provides insights for the development of novel therapeutic strategies to combat FMDV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirin Theerawatanasirikul
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
| | - Varanya Lueangaramkul
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Ploypailin Semkum
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
- Center of Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Porntippa Lekcharoensuk
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
- Center of Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
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15
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Mansour HM. The interference between SARS-COV-2 and Alzheimer's disease: Potential immunological and neurobiological crosstalk from a kinase perspective reveals a delayed pandemic. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 94:102195. [PMID: 38244862 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has infected over 700 million people, with up to 30% developing neurological manifestations, including dementias. However, there is a lack of understanding of common molecular brain markers causing Alzheimer's disease (AD). COVID-19 has etiological cofactors with AD, making patients with AD a vulnerable population at high risk of experiencing more severe symptoms and worse consequences. Both AD and COVID-19 have upregulated several shared kinases, leading to the repositioning of kinase inhibitors (KIs) for the treatment of both diseases. This review provides an overview of the interactions between the immune system and the nervous system in relation to receptor tyrosine kinases, including epidermal growth factor receptors, vascular growth factor receptors, and non-receptor tyrosine kinases such as Bruton tyrosine kinase, spleen tyrosine kinase, c-ABL, and JAK/STAT. We will discuss the promising results of kinase inhibitors in pre-clinical and clinical studies for both COVID-19 and Alzheimer's disease (AD), as well as the challenges in repositioning KIs for these diseases. Understanding the shared kinases between AD and COVID-19 could help in developing therapeutic approaches for both.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba M Mansour
- General Administration of Innovative Products, Central Administration of Biological, Innovative Products, and Clinical Studies (Bio-INN), Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), Giza, Egypt.
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16
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Pan Q, Xie Y, Zhang Y, Guo X, Wang J, Liu M, Zhang XL. EGFR core fucosylation, induced by hepatitis C virus, promotes TRIM40-mediated-RIG-I ubiquitination and suppresses interferon-I antiviral defenses. Nat Commun 2024; 15:652. [PMID: 38253527 PMCID: PMC10803816 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44960-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Aberrant N-glycosylation has been implicated in viral diseases. Alpha-(1,6)-fucosyltransferase (FUT8) is the sole enzyme responsible for core fucosylation of N-glycans during glycoprotein biosynthesis. Here we find that multiple viral envelope proteins, including Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)-E2, Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-G, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-Spike and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-gp120, enhance FUT8 expression and core fucosylation. HCV-E2 manipulates host transcription factor SNAIL to induce FUT8 expression through EGFR-AKT-SNAIL activation. The aberrant increased-FUT8 expression promotes TRIM40-mediated RIG-I K48-ubiquitination and suppresses the antiviral interferon (IFN)-I response through core fucosylated-EGFR-JAK1-STAT3-RIG-I signaling. FUT8 inhibitor 2FF, N-glycosylation site-specific mutation (Q352AT) of EGFR, and tissue-targeted Fut8 silencing significantly increase antiviral IFN-I responses and suppress RNA viral replication, suggesting that core fucosylation mediated by FUT8 is critical for antiviral innate immunity. These findings reveal an immune evasion mechanism in which virus-induced FUT8 suppresses endogenous RIG-I-mediated antiviral defenses by enhancing core fucosylated EGFR-mediated activation.
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Grants
- This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82230078, 22077097, 91740120, 82272978, 21572173 and 21721005), National Outstanding Youth Foundation of China (81025008), National Key R&D Program of China (2022YFA1303500, 2018YFA0507603), Medical Science Advancement Program (Basical Medical Sciences) of Wuhan University (TFJC 2018002.), Key R&D Program of Hubei Province (2020BCB020), the Hubei Province’s Outstanding Medical Academic Leader Program (523-276003), the Innovative Group Project of Hubei Health Committee (WJ2021C002), the Foundational Research Funds for the Central University of China (2042022dx0003, 2042023kf1011) and Natural Science Foundation Project of Hubei Province (2021CFB484), Natural Science Foundation Project of Hubei Province (2021CFB484 to M.L).
- This work was supported by grants from the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (2021CFB484), National Natural Science Foundation of China 82272978
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, and Department of Immunology, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, and Department of Immunology, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, and Department of Immunology, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xinqi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, and Department of Immunology, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, and Department of Immunology, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, and Department of Immunology, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Xiao-Lian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, and Department of Immunology, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Department of Allergy, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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17
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Razzaq A, Disoma C, Zhou Y, Tao S, Chen Z, Liu S, Zheng R, Zhang Y, Liao Y, Chen X, Liu S, Dong Z, Xu L, Deng X, Li S, Xia Z. Targeting epidermal growth factor receptor signalling pathway: A promising therapeutic option for COVID-19. Rev Med Virol 2024; 34:e2500. [PMID: 38126937 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is continuously producing new variants, necessitating effective therapeutics. Patients are not only confronted by the immediate symptoms of infection but also by the long-term health issues linked to long COVID-19. Activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signalling during SARS-CoV-2 infection promotes virus propagation, mucus hyperproduction, and pulmonary fibrosis, and suppresses the host's antiviral response. Over the long term, EGFR activation in COVID-19, particularly in COVID-19-induced pulmonary fibrosis, may be linked to the development of lung cancer. In this review, we have summarised the significance of EGFR signalling in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We also discussed the targeting of EGFR signalling as a promising strategy for COVID-19 treatment and highlighted erlotinib as a superior option among EGFR inhibitors. Erlotinib effectively blocks EGFR and AAK1, thereby preventing SARS-CoV-2 replication, reducing mucus hyperproduction, TNF-α expression, and enhancing the host's antiviral response. Nevertheless, to evaluate the antiviral efficacy of erlotinib, relevant clinical trials involving an appropriate patient population should be designed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aroona Razzaq
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Cyrollah Disoma
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Mindanao State University, Marawi City, Philippines
| | - Yuzheng Zhou
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute for Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Siyi Tao
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zongpeng Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Sixu Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rong Zheng
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yongxing Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yujie Liao
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Sijie Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zijun Dong
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liangtao Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xu Deng
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shanni Li
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zanxian Xia
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Centre for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
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18
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Zhang X, Lou D, Fu R, Wu F, Zheng D, Ma X. Association between Statins Types with Incidence of Liver Cancer: An Updated Meta-analysis. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:762-775. [PMID: 37393552 PMCID: PMC10661961 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230701000400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have found a potential role for statins in liver cancer prevention. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the effect of different types of statins on the incidence of liver cancer. METHODS Relevant articles were systematically retrieved from PubMed, EBSCO, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases from inception until July 2022 to explore the relationship between lipophilic statins or hydrophilic statins exposure and the incidence of liver cancer. The main outcome was the incidence of liver cancer. RESULTS Eleven articles were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled results showed a reduced incidence of liver cancer in patients exposed to lipophilic statins (OR=0.54, p < 0.001) and hydrophilic statins (OR=0.56, p < 0.001) compared with the non-exposed cohort. Subgroup analysis showed that both exposures to lipophilic (Eastern countries: OR=0.51, p < 0.001; Western countries: OR=0.59, p < 0.001) and hydrophilic (Eastern countries: OR=0.51, p < 0.001; Western countries: OR=0.66, p=0.019) statins reduced the incidence of liver cancer in Eastern and Western countries, and the reduction was most significant in Eastern countries. Moreover, atorvastatin (OR=0.55, p < 0.001), simvastatin (OR=0.59, p < 0.001), lovastatin (OR=0.51, p < 0.001), pitavastatin (OR=0.36, p=0.008) and rosuvastatin (OR=0.60, p=0.027) could effectively reduce the incidence of liver cancer, unlike fluvastatin, cerivastatin and pravastatin. CONCLUSION Both lipophilic and hydrophilic statins contribute to the prevention of liver cancer. Moreover, the efficacy was influenced by the region and the specific type of statins used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingfen Zhang
- Department of Liver Disease, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dandi Lou
- The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rongrong Fu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dingcheng Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xueqiang Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhuji People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
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Zhang M, Tan H, Gong Y, Faleti OD, Li D, Yang J, Huang J, Long J, Luo Q, Wu G, Zheng L, Lyu X. TRIM26 restricts Epstein-Barr virus infection in nasopharyngeal epithelial cells through K48-linked ubiquitination of HSP-90β. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23345. [PMID: 38038978 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300929rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The tripartite interaction motif (TRIM) family of proteins is known for their antiviral activity through different mechanisms, such as interfering with viral components, regulating immune responses, and participating in autophagy-mediated defense pathways. In this study, we investigated the role of tripartite interaction motif 26 (TRIM26), which is encoded by a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) gene, in regulating Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection of nasopharyngeal epithelial cells. We found that TRIM26 expression was induced upon EBV infection and that it indirectly targeted EphA2, a crucial epithelial receptor for EBV entry. Our results showed that TRIM26 interacted with heat shock protein 90-beta (HSP-90β) and promoted its polyubiquitination, which led to its degradation via the proteasome pathway. This, in turn, affected EphA2 integrity and suppressed EBV infection. These findings suggest that TRIM26 could be a valuable target for developing therapeutic interventions against EBV infection and its associated pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjiao Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiqi Tan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yibing Gong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Oluwasijibomi Damola Faleti
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dengke Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingyi Long
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingshuang Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gongfa Wu
- Department of pathology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming Lyu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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20
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Zhang Z, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Lou Y, Ge L, Zhang W, Zhang W, Song F, Huang P. Role of sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP) in HBV-induced hepatitis: Opportunities for developing novel therapeutics. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 219:115956. [PMID: 38049009 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis B is an infectious disease caused by the HBV virus. It presents a significant challenge for treatment due to its chronic nature and the potential for developing severe complications, including hepatocirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. These complications not only cause physical and psychological distress to patients but also impose substantial economic and social burdens on both individuals and society as a whole. The internalization of HBV relies on endocytosis and necessitates the involvement of various proteins, including heparin sulfate proteoglycans, epidermal growth factor receptors, and NTCP. Among these proteins, NTCP is pivotal in HBV internalization and is primarily located in the liver's basement membrane. As a transporter of bile acids, NTCP also serves as a receptor facilitating HBV entry into cells. Numerous molecules have been identified to thwart HBV infection by stifling NTCP activity, although only a handful exhibit low IC50 values. In this systematic review, our primary focus dwells on the structure and regulation of NTCP, as well as the mechanism involved in HBV internalization. We underscore recent drug breakthroughs that specifically target NTCP to combat HBV infection. By shedding light on these advances, this review contributes novel insights into developing effective anti-HBV medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhentao Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yutao Lou
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Luqi Ge
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wanli Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feifeng Song
- Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Ping Huang
- Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
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21
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Noh SS, Shin HJ. Role of Virus-Induced EGFR Trafficking in Proviral Functions. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1766. [PMID: 38136637 PMCID: PMC10741569 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Since its discovery in the early 1980s, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has emerged as a pivotal and multifaceted player in elucidating the intricate mechanisms underlying various human diseases and their associations with cell survival, proliferation, and cellular homeostasis. Recent advancements in research have underscored the profound and multifaceted role of EGFR in viral infections, highlighting its involvement in viral entry, replication, and the subversion of host immune responses. In this regard, the importance of EGFR trafficking has also been highlighted in recent studies. The dynamic relocation of EGFR to diverse intracellular organelles, including endosomes, lysosomes, mitochondria, and even the nucleus, is a central feature of its functionality in diverse contexts. This dynamic intracellular trafficking is not merely a passive process but an orchestrated symphony, facilitating EGFR involvement in various cellular pathways and interactions with viral components. Furthermore, EGFR, which is initially anchored on the plasma membrane, serves as a linchpin orchestrating viral entry processes, a crucial early step in the viral life cycle. The role of EGFR in this context is highly context-dependent and varies among viruses. Here, we present a comprehensive summary of the current state of knowledge regarding the intricate interactions between EGFR and viruses. These interactions are fundamental for successful propagation of a wide array of viral species and affect viral pathogenesis and host responses. Understanding EGFR significance in both normal cellular processes and viral infections may not only help develop innovative antiviral therapies but also provide a deeper understanding of the intricate roles of EGFR signaling in infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Sil Noh
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Shin
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
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22
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So CW, Sourisseau M, Sarwar S, Evans MJ, Randall G. Roles of epidermal growth factor receptor, claudin-1 and occludin in multi-step entry of hepatitis C virus into polarized hepatoma spheroids. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011887. [PMID: 38157366 PMCID: PMC10756512 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The multi-step process of hepatitis C virus (HCV) entry is facilitated by various host factors, including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the tight junction proteins claudin-1 (CLDN1) and occludin (OCLN), which are thought to function at later stages of the HCV entry process. Using single particle imaging of HCV infection of polarized hepatoma spheroids, we observed that EGFR performs multiple functions in HCV entry, both phosphorylation-dependent and -independent. We previously observed, and in this study confirmed, that EGFR is not required for HCV migration to the tight junction. EGFR is required for the recruitment of clathrin to HCV in a phosphorylation-independent manner. EGFR phosphorylation is required for virion internalization at a stage following the recruitment of clathrin. HCV entry activates the RAF-MEK-ERK signaling pathway downstream of EGFR phosphorylation. This signaling pathway regulates the sorting and maturation of internalized HCV into APPL1- and EEA1-associated early endosomes, which form the site of virion uncoating. The tight junction proteins, CLDN1 and OCLN, function at two distinct stages of HCV entry. Despite its appreciated function as a "late receptor" in HCV entry, CLDN1 is required for efficient HCV virion accumulation at the tight junction. Huh-7.5 cells lacking CLDN1 accumulate HCV virions primarily at the initial basolateral surface. OCLN is required for the late stages of virion internalization. This study produced further insight into the unusually complex HCV endocytic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chui-Wa So
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Marion Sourisseau
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Shamila Sarwar
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Matthew J. Evans
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Glenn Randall
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
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23
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Carriquí-Madroñal B, Sheldon J, Duven M, Stegmann C, Cirksena K, Wyler E, Zapatero-Belinchón FJ, Vondran FWR, Gerold G. The matrix metalloproteinase ADAM10 supports hepatitis C virus entry and cell-to-cell spread via its sheddase activity. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011759. [PMID: 37967063 PMCID: PMC10650992 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) exploits the four entry factors CD81, scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI, also known as SCARB1), occludin, and claudin-1 as well as the co-factor epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) to infect human hepatocytes. Here, we report that the disintegrin and matrix metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10) associates with CD81, SR-BI, and EGFR and acts as HCV host factor. Pharmacological inhibition, siRNA-mediated silencing and genetic ablation of ADAM10 reduced HCV infection. ADAM10 was dispensable for HCV replication but supported HCV entry and cell-to-cell spread. Substrates of the ADAM10 sheddase including epidermal growth factor (EGF) and E-cadherin, which activate EGFR family members, rescued HCV infection of ADAM10 knockout cells. ADAM10 did not influence infection with other enveloped RNA viruses such as alphaviruses and a common cold coronavirus. Collectively, our study reveals a critical role for the sheddase ADAM10 as a HCV host factor, contributing to EGFR family member transactivation and as a consequence to HCV uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belén Carriquí-Madroñal
- Department of Biochemistry & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hanover, Germany
| | - Julie Sheldon
- Institute for Experimental Virology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Medical School Hannover and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hanover, Germany
| | - Mara Duven
- Department of Biochemistry & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hanover, Germany
| | - Cora Stegmann
- Department of Biochemistry & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hanover, Germany
| | - Karsten Cirksena
- Department of Biochemistry & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hanover, Germany
| | - Emanuel Wyler
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Francisco J. Zapatero-Belinchón
- Department of Biochemistry & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hanover, Germany
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Florian W. R. Vondran
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Regenerative Medicine and Experimental Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig Hannover, Germany
| | - Gisa Gerold
- Department of Biochemistry & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hanover, Germany
- Institute for Experimental Virology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Medical School Hannover and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hanover, Germany
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine (WCMM), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Virology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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24
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Medina C, García AH, Crespo FI, Toro FI, Mayora SJ, De Sanctis JB. A Synopsis of Hepatitis C Virus Treatments and Future Perspectives. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:8255-8276. [PMID: 37886964 PMCID: PMC10605161 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45100521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a worldwide public health problem. Chronic infection with HCV can lead to liver cirrhosis or cancer. Although some immune-competent individuals can clear the virus, others develop chronic HCV disease due to viral mutations or an impaired immune response. IFNs type I and III and the signal transduction induced by them are essential for a proper antiviral effect. Research on the viral cycle and immune escape mechanisms has formed the basis of therapeutic strategies to achieve a sustained virological response (SVR). The first therapies were based on IFNα; then, IFNα plus ribavirin (IFN-RBV); and then, pegylated-IFNα-RBV (PEGIFNα-RIV) to improve cytokine pharmacokinetics. However, the maximum SVR was 60%, and several significant side effects were observed, decreasing patients' treatment adherence. The development of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) significantly enhanced the SVR (>90%), and the compounds were able to inhibit HCV replication without significant side effects, even in paediatric populations. The management of coinfected HBV-HCV and HCV-HIV patients has also improved based on DAA and PEG-IFNα-RBV (HBV-HCV). CD4 cells are crucial for an effective antiviral response. The IFNλ3, IL28B, TNF-α, IL-10, TLR-3, and TLR-9 gene polymorphisms are involved in viral clearance, therapeutic responses, and hepatic pathologies. Future research should focus on searching for strategies to circumvent resistance-associated substitution (RAS) to DAAs, develop new therapeutic schemes for different medical conditions, including organ transplant, and develop vaccines for long-lasting cellular and humoral responses with cross-protection against different HCV genotypes. The goal is to minimise the probability of HCV infection, HCV chronicity and hepatic carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Medina
- Institute of Immunology Dr. Nicolás E. Bianco C., Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas 1040, Venezuela; (C.M.); (F.I.C.); (F.I.T.); (S.J.M.)
| | - Alexis Hipólito García
- Institute of Immunology Dr. Nicolás E. Bianco C., Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas 1040, Venezuela; (C.M.); (F.I.C.); (F.I.T.); (S.J.M.)
| | - Francis Isamarg Crespo
- Institute of Immunology Dr. Nicolás E. Bianco C., Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas 1040, Venezuela; (C.M.); (F.I.C.); (F.I.T.); (S.J.M.)
| | - Félix Isidro Toro
- Institute of Immunology Dr. Nicolás E. Bianco C., Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas 1040, Venezuela; (C.M.); (F.I.C.); (F.I.T.); (S.J.M.)
| | - Soriuska José Mayora
- Institute of Immunology Dr. Nicolás E. Bianco C., Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas 1040, Venezuela; (C.M.); (F.I.C.); (F.I.T.); (S.J.M.)
| | - Juan Bautista De Sanctis
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- The Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (Catrin), Palacky University, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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25
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Carriquí-Madroñal B, Lasswitz L, von Hahn T, Gerold G. Genetic and pharmacological perturbation of hepatitis-C virus entry. Curr Opin Virol 2023; 62:101362. [PMID: 37678113 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2023.101362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis-C virus (HCV) chronically infects 58 million individuals worldwide with variable disease outcome. While a subfraction of individuals exposed to the virus clear the infection, the majority develop chronic infection if untreated. Another subfraction of chronically ill proceeds to severe liver disease. The underlying causes of this interindividual variability include genetic polymorphisms in interferon genes. Here, we review available data on the influence of genetic or pharmacological perturbation of HCV host dependency factors on the clinically observed interindividual differences in disease outcome. We focus on host factors mediating virus entry into human liver cells. We assess available data on genetic variants of the major entry factors scavenger receptor class-B type I, CD81, claudin-1, and occludin as well as pharmacological perturbation of these entry factors. We review cell culture experimental and clinical cohort study data and conclude that entry factor perturbation may contribute to disease outcome of hepatitis C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belén Carriquí-Madroñal
- Department of Biochemistry & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover, Hanover, Germany; Institute for Experimental Virology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Medical School Hannover and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hanover, Germany
| | - Lisa Lasswitz
- Department of Biochemistry & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover, Hanover, Germany; Institute for Experimental Virology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Medical School Hannover and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hanover, Germany
| | - Thomas von Hahn
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Interventional Endoscopy, Asklepios Hospital Barmbek, Semmelweis University, Campus Hamburg, 22307 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gisa Gerold
- Department of Biochemistry & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover, Hanover, Germany; Institute for Experimental Virology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Medical School Hannover and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hanover, Germany; Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine (WCMM), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Virology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
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26
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Zhou L, Li C, Zhang R, Li Q, Sun Y, Feng Y, Lan T, Ma J. Identification of a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor CP-724714 inhibits SADS-CoV related swine diarrhea coronaviruses infection in vitro. Virol Sin 2023; 38:778-786. [PMID: 37406816 PMCID: PMC10590692 DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2023.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic in 2020 has caused unprecedented panic among all mankind, pointing the major importance of effective treatment. Since the emergence of the swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV) at the end of 2017, multiple reports have indicated that the bat-related SADS-CoV possesses a potential threat for cross-species transmission. Vaccines and antiviral drugs development deserve more attention. In this study, we found that the HER2 phosphorylation inhibitor (CP-724714) inhibited SADS-CoV infection in a dose-dependent manner. Further validation demonstrated that CP-724714 affected at the post-entry stage of SADS-CoV infection cycle. Also, efficient SADS-CoV infection required the activation of HER2 and its cascade Ras-Raf-Mek-Erk signaling pathway. In addition, CP-724714 has a broad-spectrum anti-swine diarrhea coronaviruses activity, and can dose-dependently combat SADS-CoV, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) infection in vitro with a specificity index of greater than 21.98, 9.38, 95.23 and 31.62, respectively. These results highlight the potential utility of CP-724714 or antiviral drugs targeting with HER2 and its cascade Ras-Raf-Mek-Erk signaling pathway as host-targeted SADS-CoV and other related coronaviruses therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ruiyu Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Qianniu Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yuan Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yaoyu Feng
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Tian Lan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Jingyun Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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27
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Przybyszewski EM, Chung RT. Unmet Needs in the Post-Direct-Acting Antiviral Era: Hepatocarcinogenesis After Hepatitis C Virus Eradication. J Infect Dis 2023; 228:S226-S231. [PMID: 37703341 PMCID: PMC10499186 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiac447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an important risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Direct-acting antiviral therapy has transformed care for patients with HCV and reduces the risk of HCC. Despite HCV cure, a residual HCC risk remains in patients with advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis, with multiple mechanisms underlying subsequent hepatocarcinogenesis. Transcriptomic and proteomic signatures demonstrate the capacity for HCC risk stratification, and chemoprevention strategies are emerging. For now, pending more precise stratification, HCC surveillance of patients with cured HCV and advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis should continue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric M Przybyszewski
- Liver Center and Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Raymond T Chung
- Liver Center and Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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28
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Chicherova I, Hernandez C, Mann F, Zoulim F, Parent R. Axon guidance molecules in liver pathology: Journeys on a damaged passport. Liver Int 2023; 43:1850-1864. [PMID: 37402699 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The liver is an innervated organ that develops a variety of chronic liver disease (CLD). Axon guidance cues (AGCs), of which ephrins, netrins, semaphorins and slits are the main representative, are secreted or membrane-bound proteins that can attract or repel axons through interactions with their growth cones that contain receptors recognizing these messengers. While fundamentally implicated in the physiological development of the nervous system, the expression of AGCs can also be reinduced under acute or chronic conditions, such as CLD, that necessitate redeployment of neural networks. METHODS This review considers the ad hoc literature through the neglected canonical neural function of these proteins that is also applicable to the diseased liver (and not solely their observed parenchymal impact). RESULTS AGCs impact fibrosis regulation, immune functions, viral/host interactions, angiogenesis, and cell growth, both at the CLD and HCC levels. Special attention has been paid to distinguishing correlative and causal data in such datasets in order to streamline data interpretation. While hepatic mechanistic insights are to date limited, bioinformatic evidence for the identification of AGCs mRNAs positive cells, protein expression, quantitative regulation, and prognostic data have been provided. Liver-pertinent clinical studies based on the US Clinical Trials database are listed. Future research directions derived from AGC targeting are proposed. CONCLUSION This review highlights frequent implication of AGCs in CLD, linking traits of liver disorders and the local autonomic nervous system. Such data should contribute to diversifying current parameters of patient stratification and our understanding of CLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ievgeniia Chicherova
- Cancer Research Centre of Lyon, Inserm Unit 1052, CNRS UMR 5286, University of Lyon, Léon Bérard Anticancer Centre, Lyon, France
| | - Charlotte Hernandez
- Cancer Research Centre of Lyon, Inserm Unit 1052, CNRS UMR 5286, University of Lyon, Léon Bérard Anticancer Centre, Lyon, France
| | - Fanny Mann
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, IBDM, Marseille, France
| | - Fabien Zoulim
- Cancer Research Centre of Lyon, Inserm Unit 1052, CNRS UMR 5286, University of Lyon, Léon Bérard Anticancer Centre, Lyon, France
- Hepatogastroenterology Service, Croix-Rousse University Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Romain Parent
- Cancer Research Centre of Lyon, Inserm Unit 1052, CNRS UMR 5286, University of Lyon, Léon Bérard Anticancer Centre, Lyon, France
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29
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Chowdhary S, Deka R, Panda K, Kumar R, Solomon AD, Das J, Kanoujiya S, Gupta AK, Sinha S, Ruokolainen J, Kesari KK, Gupta PK. Recent Updates on Viral Oncogenesis: Available Preventive and Therapeutic Entities. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:3698-3740. [PMID: 37486263 PMCID: PMC10410670 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c01080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Human viral oncogenesis is a complex phenomenon and a major contributor to the global cancer burden. Several recent findings revealed cellular and molecular pathways that promote the development and initiation of malignancy when viruses cause an infection. Even, antiviral treatment has become an approach to eliminate the viral infections and prevent the activation of oncogenesis. Therefore, for a better understanding, the molecular pathogenesis of various oncogenic viruses like, hepatitis virus, human immunodeficiency viral (HIV), human papillomavirus (HPV), herpes simplex virus (HSV), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), could be explored, especially, to expand many potent antivirals that may escalate the apoptosis of infected malignant cells while sparing normal and healthy ones. Moreover, contemporary therapies, such as engineered antibodies antiviral agents targeting signaling pathways and cell biomarkers, could inhibit viral oncogenesis. This review elaborates the recent advancements in both natural and synthetic antivirals to control viral oncogenesis. The study also highlights the challenges and future perspectives of using antivirals in viral oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivam Chowdhary
- Department
of Industrial Microbiology, Sam Higginbottom
University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj 211007, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Rahul Deka
- Department
of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Birla
Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835215, Jharkhand, India
| | - Kingshuk Panda
- Department
of Applied Microbiology, Vellore Institute
of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rohit Kumar
- Department
of Life Sciences, Sharda School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhishikt David Solomon
- Department
of Molecular & Cellular Engineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj 211007, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jimli Das
- Centre
for
Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Dibrugarh
University, Assam 786004, India
| | - Supriya Kanoujiya
- School
of
Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Gupta
- Department
of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Somya Sinha
- Department
of Biotechnology, Graphic Era Deemed to
Be University, Dehradun 248002, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Janne Ruokolainen
- Department
of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto
University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Kavindra Kumar Kesari
- Department
of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto
University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
- Division
of Research and Development, Lovely Professional
University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Piyush Kumar Gupta
- Department
of Life Sciences, Sharda School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department
of Biotechnology, Graphic Era Deemed to
Be University, Dehradun 248002, Uttarakhand, India
- Faculty
of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International
University, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
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30
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Toon K, Kalemera MD, Palor M, Rose NJ, Takeuchi Y, Grove J, Mattiuzzo G. GB Virus B and Hepatitis C Virus, Distantly Related Hepaciviruses, Share an Entry Factor, Claudin-1. J Virol 2023; 97:e0046923. [PMID: 37310242 PMCID: PMC10373534 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00469-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to increased and broadened screening efforts, the last decade has seen a rapid expansion in the number of viral species classified into the Hepacivirus genus. Conserved genetic features of hepaciviruses suggest that they have undergone specific adaptation and have evolved to hijack similar host proteins for efficient propagation in the liver. Here, we developed pseudotyped viruses to elucidate the entry factors of GB virus B (GBV-B), the first hepacivirus described in an animal after hepatitis C virus (HCV). GBV-B-pseudotyped viral particles (GBVBpp) were shown to be uniquely sensitive to the sera of tamarins infected with GBV-B, validating their usefulness as a surrogate for GBV-B entry studies. We screened GBVBpp infection of human hepatoma cell lines that were CRISPR/Cas9 engineered to ablate the expression of individual HCV receptors/entry factors and found that claudin-1 is essential for GBV-B infection, indicating the GBV-B and HCV share an entry factor. Our data suggest that claudin-1 facilitates HCV and GBV-B entry through distinct mechanisms since the former requires the first extracellular loop and the latter is reliant on a C-terminal region containing the second extracellular loop. The observation that claudin-1 is an entry factor shared between these two hepaciviruses suggests that the tight junction protein is of fundamental mechanistic importance during cell entry. IMPORTANCE Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major public health burden; approximately 58 million individuals have chronic HCV infection and are at risk of developing cirrhosis and liver cancer. To achieve the World Health Organization's target of eliminating hepatitis by 2030, new therapeutics and vaccines are needed. Understanding how HCV enters cells can inform the design of new vaccines and treatments targeting the first stage of infection. However, the HCV cell entry mechanism is complex and has been sparsely described. Studying the entry of related hepaciviruses will increase the knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of the first stages of HCV infection, such as membrane fusion, and inform structure-guided HCV vaccine design; in this work, we have identified a protein, claudin-1, that facilitates the entry of an HCV-related hepacivirus but with a mechanism not described for HCV. Similar work on other hepaciviruses may unveil a commonality of entry factors and, possibly, new mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamilla Toon
- Science Research and Innovation, Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, South Mimms, United Kingdom
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mphatso D. Kalemera
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Machaela Palor
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola J. Rose
- Science Research and Innovation, Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, South Mimms, United Kingdom
| | - Yasuhiro Takeuchi
- Science Research and Innovation, Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, South Mimms, United Kingdom
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joe Grove
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Giada Mattiuzzo
- Science Research and Innovation, Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, South Mimms, United Kingdom
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31
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Papadakos SP, Stergiou IE, Gkolemi N, Arvanitakis K, Theocharis S. Unraveling the Significance of EPH/Ephrin Signaling in Liver Cancer: Insights into Tumor Progression and Therapeutic Implications. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3434. [PMID: 37444544 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is a complex and challenging disease with limited treatment options and dismal prognosis. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms driving liver cancer progression and metastasis is crucial for developing effective therapeutic strategies. The EPH/ephrin system, which comprises a family of cell surface receptors and their corresponding ligands, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of HCC. This review paper aims to provide an overview of the current understanding of the role of the EPH/ephrin system in HCC. Specifically, we discuss the dysregulation of EPH/ephrin signaling in HCC and its impact on various cellular processes, including cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Overall, the EPH/ephrin signaling system emerges as a compelling and multifaceted player in liver cancer biology. Elucidating its precise mechanisms and understanding its implications in disease progression and therapeutic responses may pave the way for novel targeted therapies and personalized treatment approaches for liver cancer patients. Further research is warranted to unravel the full potential of the EPH/ephrin system in liver cancer and its clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stavros P Papadakos
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna E Stergiou
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolina Gkolemi
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Arvanitakis
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, First Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, St. Kiriakidi 1, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Basic and Translational Research Unit, Special Unit for Biomedical Research and Education, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stamatios Theocharis
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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32
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Puhl AC, Godoy AS, Noske GD, Nakamura AM, Gawriljuk VO, Fernandes RS, Oliva G, Ekins S. Discovery of PL pro and M pro Inhibitors for SARS-CoV-2. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:22603-22612. [PMID: 37387790 PMCID: PMC10275482 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
There are very few small-molecule antivirals for SARS-CoV-2 that are either currently approved (or emergency authorized) in the US or globally, including remdesivir, molnupiravir, and paxlovid. The increasing number of SARS-CoV-2 variants that have appeared since the outbreak began over three years ago raises the need for continual development of updated vaccines and orally available antivirals in order to fully protect or treat the population. The viral main protease (Mpro) and the papain-like protease (PLpro) are key for viral replication; therefore, they represent valuable targets for antiviral therapy. We herein describe an in vitro screen performed using the 2560 compounds from the Microsource Spectrum library against Mpro and PLpro in an attempt to identify additional small-molecule hits that could be repurposed for SARS-CoV-2. We subsequently identified 2 hits for Mpro and 8 hits for PLpro. One of these hits was the quaternary ammonium compound cetylpyridinium chloride with dual activity (IC50 = 2.72 ± 0.09 μM for PLpro and IC50 = 7.25 ± 0.15 μM for Mpro). A second inhibitor of PLpro was the selective estrogen receptor modulator raloxifene (IC50 = 3.28 ± 0.29 μM for PLpro and IC50 = 42.8 ± 6.7 μM for Mpro). We additionally tested several kinase inhibitors and identified olmutinib (IC50 = 0.54 ± 0.04 μM), bosutinib (IC50 = 4.23 ± 0.28 μM), crizotinib (IC50 = 3.81 ± 0.04 μM), and dacominitinib (IC50 = IC50 3.33 ± 0.06 μM) as PLpro inhibitors for the first time. In some cases, these molecules have also been tested by others for antiviral activity for this virus, or we have used Calu-3 cells infected with SARS-CoV-2. The results suggest that approved drugs can be identified with promising activity against these proteases, and in several cases we or others have validated their antiviral activity. The additional identification of known kinase inhibitors as molecules targeting PLpro may provide new repurposing opportunities or starting points for chemical optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C. Puhl
- Collaborations
Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 840 Main Campus Drive, Lab 3510, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Andre S. Godoy
- Sao
Carlos Institute of Physics, University
of Sao Paulo, Av. Joao
Dagnone, 1100—Jardim Santa Angelina, Sao Carlos 13563-120, Brazil
| | - Gabriela D. Noske
- Sao
Carlos Institute of Physics, University
of Sao Paulo, Av. Joao
Dagnone, 1100—Jardim Santa Angelina, Sao Carlos 13563-120, Brazil
| | - Aline M. Nakamura
- Sao
Carlos Institute of Physics, University
of Sao Paulo, Av. Joao
Dagnone, 1100—Jardim Santa Angelina, Sao Carlos 13563-120, Brazil
| | - Victor O. Gawriljuk
- Sao
Carlos Institute of Physics, University
of Sao Paulo, Av. Joao
Dagnone, 1100—Jardim Santa Angelina, Sao Carlos 13563-120, Brazil
| | - Rafaela S. Fernandes
- Sao
Carlos Institute of Physics, University
of Sao Paulo, Av. Joao
Dagnone, 1100—Jardim Santa Angelina, Sao Carlos 13563-120, Brazil
| | - Glaucius Oliva
- Sao
Carlos Institute of Physics, University
of Sao Paulo, Av. Joao
Dagnone, 1100—Jardim Santa Angelina, Sao Carlos 13563-120, Brazil
| | - Sean Ekins
- Collaborations
Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 840 Main Campus Drive, Lab 3510, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
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33
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Karim M, Lo CW, Einav S. Preparing for the next viral threat with broad-spectrum antivirals. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e170236. [PMID: 37259914 PMCID: PMC10232003 DOI: 10.1172/jci170236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a large global unmet need for the development of countermeasures to combat hundreds of viruses known to cause human disease and for the establishment of a therapeutic portfolio for future pandemic preparedness. Most approved antiviral therapeutics target proteins encoded by a single virus, providing a narrow spectrum of coverage. This, combined with the slow pace and high cost of drug development, limits the scalability of this direct-acting antiviral (DAA) approach. Here, we summarize progress and challenges in the development of broad-spectrum antivirals that target either viral elements (proteins, genome structures, and lipid envelopes) or cellular proviral factors co-opted by multiple viruses via newly discovered compounds or repurposing of approved drugs. These strategies offer new means for developing therapeutics against both existing and emerging viral threats that complement DAAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwah Karim
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Chieh-Wen Lo
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Shirit Einav
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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34
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Xue Y, Mei H, Chen Y, Griffin JD, Liu Q, Weisberg E, Yang J. Repurposing clinically available drugs and therapies for pathogenic targets to combat SARS-CoV-2. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e254. [PMID: 37193304 PMCID: PMC10183156 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected a large portion of the global population, both physically and mentally. Current evidence suggests that the rapidly evolving coronavirus subvariants risk rendering vaccines and antibodies ineffective due to their potential to evade existing immunity, with enhanced transmission activity and higher reinfection rates that could lead to new outbreaks across the globe. The goal of viral management is to disrupt the viral life cycle as well as to relieve severe symptoms such as lung damage, cytokine storm, and organ failure. In the fight against viruses, the combination of viral genome sequencing, elucidation of the structure of viral proteins, and identifying proteins that are highly conserved across multiple coronaviruses has revealed many potential molecular targets. In addition, the time- and cost-effective repurposing of preexisting antiviral drugs or approved/clinical drugs for these targets offers considerable clinical advantages for COVID-19 patients. This review provides a comprehensive overview of various identified pathogenic targets and pathways as well as corresponding repurposed approved/clinical drugs and their potential against COVID-19. These findings provide new insight into the discovery of novel therapeutic strategies that could be applied to the control of disease symptoms emanating from evolving SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiying Xue
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Husheng Mei
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefeiChina
- University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhuiChina
| | - Yisa Chen
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - James D. Griffin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana‐Farber Cancer InstituteBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Qingsong Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefeiChina
- University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhuiChina
- Hefei Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of SciencesHefeiChina
| | - Ellen Weisberg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana‐Farber Cancer InstituteBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefeiChina
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35
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Schrader JA, Burkard TL, Brüggemann Y, Gömer A, Meister TL, Fu RM, Mehnert AK, Dao Thi VL, Behrendt P, Durantel D, Broering R, Vondran FWR, Todt D, Kinast V, Steinmann E. EGF receptor modulates HEV entry in human hepatocytes. Hepatology 2023; 77:2104-2117. [PMID: 36745934 PMCID: PMC10187617 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Being the most common cause of acute viral hepatitis with >20 million cases per year and 70,000 deaths annually, HEV presents a long-neglected and underinvestigated health burden. Although the entry process of viral particles is an attractive target for pharmacological intervention, druggable host factors to restrict HEV entry have not been identified so far. APPROACH AND RESULTS Here we identify the EGF receptor (EGFR) as a novel host factor for HEV and reveal the significance of EGFR for the HEV entry process. By utilizing RNAi, chemical modulation with Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs, and ectopic expression of EGFR, we revealed that EGFR is critical for HEV infection without affecting HEV RNA replication or assembly of progeny virus. We further unveiled that EGFR itself and its ligand-binding domain, rather than its signaling function, is responsible for the proviral effect. Modulation of EGF expression in HepaRG cells and primary human hepatocytes affected HEV infection. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our study provides novel insights into the life cycle of HEV and identified EGFR as a possible target for future antiviral strategies against HEV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jil A. Schrader
- Department for Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas L. Burkard
- Department for Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Yannick Brüggemann
- Department for Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - André Gömer
- Department for Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Toni L. Meister
- Department for Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Rebecca M. Fu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Virology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Cluster of Excellence CellNetworks, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Biosciences International Graduate School, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Mehnert
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Virology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Cluster of Excellence CellNetworks, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Biosciences International Graduate School, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Viet L. Dao Thi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Virology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Cluster of Excellence CellNetworks, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrick Behrendt
- TWINCORE Center for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a Joint Venture between the Hannover Medical School (MHH) and the Helmholtz Center for Infection Research (HZI), Institute for Experimental Virology, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover - Braunschweig, Hannover, Germany
| | - David Durantel
- CIRI—International Center for Infectiology Research, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Ruth Broering
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Transplant Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Florian W. R. Vondran
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Daniel Todt
- Department for Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- European Virus Bioinformatics Center (EVBC), Jena, Germany
| | - Volker Kinast
- Department for Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Eike Steinmann
- Department for Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), External Partner Site, Bochum, Germany
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36
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Zhou A, Zhang W, Wang B. Host factor TNK2 is required for influenza virus infection. Genes Genomics 2023; 45:771-781. [PMID: 37133719 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-023-01384-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Host factors are required for Influenza virus infection and have great potential to become antiviral target. OBJECTIVE Here we demonstrate the role of TNK2 in influenza virus infection. CRISPR/Cas9 induced TNK2 deletion in A549 cells. METHODS CRISPR/Cas9-mediated deletion of TNK2. Western blotting and qPCR was used to measure the expression of TNK2 and other proteins. RESULTS CRISPR/Cas9-mediated deletion of TNK2 decreased the replication of influenza virus and significantly inhibited the ex-pression of viral proteins and TNK2 inhibitors (XMD8-87 and AIM-100) reduced the expression of influenza M2, while over-expression of TNK2 weakened the resistance of TNK2-knockout cells to influenza virus infection. Furthermore, a decrease of nuclear import of IAV in the infected TNK2 mutant cells was observed in 3 h post-infection. Interestingly, TNK2 deletion enhanced the colocalization of LC3 with autophagic receptor p62 and led to the attenuation of influenza virus-caused accumulation of autophagosomes in TNK2 mutant cells. Further, confocal microscopy visualization result showed that influenza viral matrix 2 (M2) was colocalized with Lamp1 in the infected TNK2 mutant cells in early infection, while almost no colocalization between M2 and Lamp1 was observed in IAV-infected wild-type cells. Moreover, TNK2 depletion also affected the trafficking of early endosome and the movement of influenza viral NP and M2. CONCLUSION Our results identified TNK2 as a critical host factor for influenza viral M2 protein trafficking, suggesting that TNK2 will be an attractive target for the development of antivirals therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Zhou
- School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Laboratory of Genetic Breeding, Reproduction and Precision Livestock Farming, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, Hubei, China.
- Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, Hubei Wuhan, Hubei, 430023, China.
| | - Wenhua Zhang
- School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Laboratory of Genetic Breeding, Reproduction and Precision Livestock Farming, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, Hubei, China
- Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, Hubei Wuhan, Hubei, 430023, China
| | - Baoxin Wang
- School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Laboratory of Genetic Breeding, Reproduction and Precision Livestock Farming, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, Hubei, China
- Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, Hubei Wuhan, Hubei, 430023, China
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Forst CV, Zeng L, Wang Q, Zhou X, Vatansever S, Xu P, Song W, Tu Z, Zhang B. Multiscale network analysis identifies potential receptors for SARS-CoV-2 and reveals their tissue-specific and age-dependent expression. FEBS Lett 2023; 597:1384-1402. [PMID: 36951513 PMCID: PMC10294276 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected tens of millions of individuals and caused hundreds of thousands of deaths worldwide. Here, we present a comprehensive, multiscale network analysis of the transcriptional response to the virus. In particular, we focused on key regulators, cell receptors, and host processes that were hijacked by the virus for its advantage. ACE2-controlled processes involved CD300e (a TYROBP receptor) as a key regulator and the activation of IL-2 pro-inflammatory cytokine signaling. We further investigated the age dependency of such receptors in different tissues. In summary, this study provides novel insights into the gene regulatory organization during the SARS-CoV-2 infection and the tissue-specific, age-dependent expression of the cell receptors involved in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian V. Forst
- Department of Genetics and Genomic SciencesIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease ModelingIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic TechnologyIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Department of MicrobiologyIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Lu Zeng
- Department of Genetics and Genomic SciencesIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic SciencesIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease ModelingIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic TechnologyIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Xianxiao Zhou
- Department of Genetics and Genomic SciencesIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease ModelingIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic TechnologyIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Sezen Vatansever
- Department of Genetics and Genomic SciencesIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease ModelingIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic TechnologyIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic SciencesIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease ModelingIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic TechnologyIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Won‐Min Song
- Department of Genetics and Genomic SciencesIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease ModelingIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic TechnologyIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Zhidong Tu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic SciencesIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic TechnologyIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic SciencesIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease ModelingIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic TechnologyIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Department of Pharmacological SciencesIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
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Shum D, Bhinder B, Mahida J, Radu C, Calder PA, Djaballah H. A Genome-Wide RNAi Screen Reveals Common Host-Virus Gene Signatures: Implication for Dengue Antiviral Drug Discovery. GEN BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 2:133-148. [PMID: 37928776 PMCID: PMC10623629 DOI: 10.1089/genbio.2023.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Dengue is the most common mosquito-borne viral disease that in recent years has become a major international public health concern. Dengue is a tropical neglected disease with increasing global incidences, affecting millions of people worldwide, and without the availability of specific treatments to combat it. The identification of host-target genes essential for the virus life cycle, for which effective modulators may already exist, would provide an alternative path to a rapid drug development of the much needed antidengue agents. For this purpose, we performed the first genome-wide RNAi screen, combining two high-content readouts for dengue virus infection (DENV E infection intensity) and host cell toxicity (host cell stained nuclei), against an arrayed lentiviral-based short hairpin RNA library covering 16,000 genes with a redundancy of at least 5 hairpins per gene. The screen identified 1924 gene candidates in total; of which, 1730 gene candidates abrogated dengue infection, whereas 194 gene candidates were found to enhance its infectivity in HEK293 cells. A first pass clustering analysis of hits revealed a well-orchestrated gene-network dependency on host cell homeostasis and physiology triggering distinct cellular pathways for infectivity, replication, trafficking, and egress; a second analysis revealed a comprehensive gene signature of 331 genes common to hits identified in 28 published RNAi host-viral interaction screens. Taken together, our findings provide novel antiviral molecular targets with the potential for drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Shum
- HTS Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Bhavneet Bhinder
- HTS Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jeni Mahida
- HTS Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Constantin Radu
- HTS Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Paul A. Calder
- HTS Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Hakim Djaballah
- HTS Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
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Wijerathna HMSM, Nadarajapillai K, Shanaka KASN, Kasthuriarachchi TDW, Jung S, Lee S, Lee J. Molecular characterization and immune response of suppressor of cytokine signaling 5b from redlip mullet (Planiliza haematocheilus): Disclosing its anti-viral potential and effect on cell proliferation. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 134:108629. [PMID: 36822381 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins family comprising eight proteins (SOCS1-7 and cytokine-inducible SH2-containing (CIS)) are classical feedback inhibitors of cytokine signaling. Although the biological role of CIS and SOCS1-3 have been extensively studied, the biological functions of SOCS4-7 remain unclear. Here, we elucidated the molecular characteristics, expression profile, immune response, anti-viral potential, and effect on cell proliferation of Phsocs5b, a member of the SOCS protein family from redlip mullet (Planiliza haematocheilus); phsocs5b comprised 1695 nucleotides. It was 564 amino acids long with a molecular weight of 62.3 kDa and a theoretical isoelectric point of 8.95. Like SOCS4-7 proteins, Phsocs5b comprised an SH2 domain, SOCS box domain, and a long N-terminal. SH2 domain is highly identical to its orthologs in other vertebrates. Phsocs5b, highly expressed in the brain tissue, was localized in the cytoplasm. Temporal changes in phsocs5b expression were observed following immune stimulation with polyinosinic: polycytidylic acid, lipopolysaccharide, and Lactococcus garvieae. In FHM cells, Phsocs5b overexpression suppressed the viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) infection and epidermal growth factor receptor (egfr) expression but increased the mRNA levels of pi3k, akt, pro-inflammatory cytokines (il1β and il8), and anti-viral genes (isg15 and ifn). Overall, our findings suggest that Phsocs5b attenuates VHSV infection, either by hindering the cell entry via degradation of Egfr, enhancing pro-inflammatory cytokines and anti-viral factor production, or both. The results also indicated that Phsocs5b could directly activate Pi3k/Akt pathway by itself, thus enhancing the proliferation and migration of cells. Taken together, Phsocs5b may be considered a potential therapeutic target to enhance immune responses while positively regulating the proliferation and migration of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M S M Wijerathna
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Kishanthini Nadarajapillai
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - K A S N Shanaka
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - T D W Kasthuriarachchi
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumi Jung
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63333, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongdo Lee
- National Fishery Product Quality Management Service, Busan, 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Jehee Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63333, Republic of Korea.
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Budak C, Mençik V, Gider V. Determining similarities of COVID-19 - lung cancer drugs and affinity binding mode analysis by graph neural network-based GEFA method. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:659-671. [PMID: 34877907 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.2010601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 is a worldwide health crisis seriously endangering the arsenal of antiviral and antibiotic drugs. It is urgent to find an effective antiviral drug against pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome (Sars-Cov-2), which increases global health concerns. As it can be expensive and time-consuming to develop specific antiviral drugs, reuse of FDA-approved drugs that provide an opportunity to rapidly distribute effective therapeutics can allow to provide treatments with known preclinical, pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and toxicity profiles that can quickly enter in clinical trials. In this study, using the structural information of molecules and proteins, a list of repurposed drug candidates was prepared again with the graph neural network-based GEFA model. The data set from the public databases DrugBank and PubChem were used for analysis. Using the Tanimoto/jaccard similarity analysis, a list of similar drugs was prepared by comparing the drugs used in the treatment of COVID-19 with the drugs used in the treatment of other diseases. The resultant drugs were compared with the drugs used in lung cancer and repurposed drugs were obtained again by calculating the binding strength between a drug and a target. The kinase inhibitors (erlotinib, lapatinib, vandetanib, pazopanib, cediranib, dasatinib, linifanib and tozasertib) obtained from the study can be used as an alternative for the treatment of COVID-19, as a combination of blocking agents (gefitinib, osimertinib, fedratinib, baricitinib, imatinib, sunitinib and ponatinib) such as ABL2, ABL1, EGFR, AAK1, FLT3 and JAK1, or antiviral therapies (ribavirin, ritonavir-lopinavir and remdesivir).Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cafer Budak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Vasfiye Mençik
- Department of Electric-Electronic Engineering, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Veysel Gider
- Department of Electric-Electronic Engineering, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
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41
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Maginnis MS. β-arrestins and G protein-coupled receptor kinases in viral entry: A graphical review. Cell Signal 2023; 102:110558. [PMID: 36509265 PMCID: PMC9811579 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Viruses rely on host-cell machinery in order to invade host cells and carry out a successful infection. G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR)-mediated signaling pathways are master regulators of cellular physiological processing and are an attractive target for viruses to rewire cells during infection. In particular, the GPCR-associated scaffolding proteins β-arrestins and GPCR signaling effectors G-protein receptor kinases (GRKs) have been identified as key cellular factors that mediate viral entry and orchestrate signaling pathways that reprogram cells for viral replication. Interestingly, a broad range of viruses have been identified to activate and/or require GPCR-mediated pathways for infection, including polyomaviruses, flaviviruses, influenza virus, and SARS-CoV-2, demonstrating that these viruses may have conserved mechanisms of host-cell invasion. Thus, GPCR-mediated pathways highlight an attractive target for the development of broad antiviral therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa S Maginnis
- Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, United States of America; Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, The University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, United States of America.
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Villamayor L, Rivero V, López-García D, Topham DJ, Martínez-Sobrido L, Nogales A, DeDiego ML. Interferon alpha inducible protein 6 is a negative regulator of innate immune responses by modulating RIG-I activation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1105309. [PMID: 36793726 PMCID: PMC9923010 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1105309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferons (IFNs), IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs), and inflammatory cytokines mediate innate immune responses, and are essential to establish an antiviral response. Within the innate immune responses, retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) is a key sensor of virus infections, mediating the transcriptional induction of IFNs and inflammatory proteins. Nevertheless, since excessive responses could be detrimental to the host, these responses need to be tightly regulated. In this work, we describe, for the first time, how knocking-down or knocking-out the expression of IFN alpha-inducible protein 6 (IFI6) increases IFN, ISG, and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression after the infections with Influenza A Virus (IAV), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and Sendai Virus (SeV), or poly(I:C) transfection. We also show how overexpression of IFI6 produces the opposite effect, in vitro and in vivo, indicating that IFI6 negatively modulates the induction of innate immune responses. Knocking-out or knocking-down the expression of IFI6 diminishes the production of infectious IAV and SARS-CoV-2, most likely because of its effect on antiviral responses. Importantly, we report a novel interaction of IFI6 with RIG-I, most likely mediated through binding to RNA, that affects RIG-I activation, providing a molecular mechanism for the effect of IFI6 on negatively regulating innate immunity. Remarkably, these new functions of IFI6 could be targeted to treat diseases associated with an exacerbated induction of innate immune responses and to combat viral infections, such as IAV and SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Villamayor
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology. Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanessa Rivero
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology. Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Darío López-García
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology. Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - David J. Topham
- David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Luis Martínez-Sobrido
- Disease Intervention and Prevention and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Aitor Nogales
- Center for Animal Health Research, CISA-INIA-CSIC, Valdeolmos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta L. DeDiego
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology. Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain,*Correspondence: Marta L. DeDiego,
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Hepatitis C Virus-Lipid Interplay: Pathogenesis and Clinical Impact. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020271. [PMID: 36830808 PMCID: PMC9953247 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection represents the major cause of chronic liver disease, leading to a wide range of hepatic diseases, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. It is the leading indication for liver transplantation worldwide. In addition, there is a growing body of evidence concerning the role of HCV in extrahepatic manifestations, including immune-related disorders and metabolic abnormalities, such as insulin resistance and steatosis. HCV depends on its host cells to propagate successfully, and every aspect of the HCV life cycle is closely related to human lipid metabolism. The virus circulates as a lipid-rich particle, entering the hepatocyte via lipoprotein cell receptors. It has also been shown to upregulate lipid biosynthesis and impair lipid degradation, resulting in significant intracellular lipid accumulation (steatosis) and circulating hypocholesterolemia. Patients with chronic HCV are at increased risk for hepatic steatosis, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease, including accelerated atherosclerosis. This review aims to describe different aspects of the HCV viral life cycle as it impacts host lipoproteins and lipid metabolism. It then discusses the mechanisms of HCV-related hepatic steatosis, hypocholesterolemia, and accelerated atherosclerosis.
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Bach C, Lucifora J, Delphin M, Heydmann L, Heuschkel MJ, Pons C, Goto K, Scheers E, Schuster C, Durantel D, Pauwels F, Baumert TF, Verrier ER. A stable hepatitis D virus-producing cell line for host target and drug discovery. Antiviral Res 2023; 209:105477. [PMID: 36511319 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis D is the most aggressive form of chronic viral hepatitis. It is caused by super-infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected hepatocytes with hepatitis D virus (HDV). While the recent conditional approval of bulevirtide for HDV treatment offers a new therapeutic modality in Europe, there is an unmet medical need to further improve therapy. A more detailed characterization of virus-host interactions is needed for the identification of novel therapeutic targets. Addressing this need, we engineered a new stably-transformed cell line, named HuH7-2C8D, producing high titer recombinant HDV and allowing the study of viral particles morphogenesis and infectivity. Using this culture system, where viral propagation by re-infection is limited, we observed an increased accumulation of edited version of the viral genomes within secreted HDV viral particles over time that is accompanied with a decrease in viral particle infectivity. We confirmed the interaction of HDV proteins with a previously described host factor in HuH7-2C8D cells and additionally showed that these cells are suitable for co-culture assays with other cell types such as macrophages. Finally, the use of HuH7-2C8D cells allowed to confirm the dual antiviral activity of farnesyl transferase inhibitors, including the clinical candidate lonafarnib, against HDV. In conclusion, we have established an easy-to-handle cell culture model to investigate HDV replication, morphogenesis, and host interactions. HuH7-2C8D cells are also suitable for high-throughput antiviral screening assays for the development of new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Bach
- Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques UMR_S1110, Strasbourg, France
| | - Julie Lucifora
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - Marion Delphin
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - Laura Heydmann
- Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques UMR_S1110, Strasbourg, France
| | - Margaux J Heuschkel
- Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques UMR_S1110, Strasbourg, France
| | - Caroline Pons
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - Kaku Goto
- Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques UMR_S1110, Strasbourg, France
| | - Els Scheers
- Janssen Research & Development, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Catherine Schuster
- Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques UMR_S1110, Strasbourg, France
| | - David Durantel
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - Frederik Pauwels
- Janssen Research & Development, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Thomas F Baumert
- Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques UMR_S1110, Strasbourg, France; Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire, Pôle Hépato-digestif, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France
| | - Eloi R Verrier
- Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques UMR_S1110, Strasbourg, France.
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Lipofectamine 2000™ at transfection dose promotes EphA2 transcription in an HDAC4-dependent manner to reduce its cytotoxicity. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12118. [PMID: 36544821 PMCID: PMC9761724 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The cationic liposome is well-known as an efficient nucleic acid delivery tool; however, the stress responses induced by liposome per se have been rarely revealed. In this study, we found that Lipofectamine™ 2000 (lipo2000), a commonly used commercial cationic liposome transfection, could upregulate EphA2 mRNA expression in multiple cells at transfection dose. Furthermore, lipo2000 treatment could increase the level of EphA2 hnRNA (heterogeneous nuclear RNA). Lipo2000-induced EphA2 upregulation could be depleted upon global transcription inhibition, proving that lipo2000 upregulates EphA2 expression via activating its transcription. Moreover, HDAC4 depletion, a known EphA2 trans-acting regulatory factor, could eliminate the lipo2000-induced EphA2 upregulation, demonstrating that lipo2000 promotes EphA2 transcription in an HDAC4 dependent manner. Functionally, EphA2 knockdown did not affect GFP expression level and the interfering efficacy of siGAPDH, suggesting that EphA2 is unrelated to the nucleic acid delivery capacity of lipo2000. Nevertheless, EphA2 depletion significantly activated autophagy and apoptosis, increasing the cytotoxic effects of lipo2000, which could be rescued by EphA2 restoration, indicating that EphA2 is essential to overcome liposome-related cytotoxicity. Finally, we found that lipo2000 could activate EphA2 transcription in an HDAC4-dependent manner. EphA2 is not associated with the transfection efficiency of lipo2000, but it is vital to reduce lipo2000 cytotoxicity, suggesting that when conducting liposome-mediated gene function studies, especially for EphA2, the stress response of liposomes should be considered to obtain objective results.
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A single mutation in the E2 glycoprotein of hepatitis C virus broadens the claudin specificity for its infection. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20243. [PMID: 36424447 PMCID: PMC9691748 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23824-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Entry of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) into host cells is a multistep process mediated by several host factors, including a tight junction protein claudin-1 (CLDN1). We repeatedly passaged HCV-JFH1-tau, an HCV substrain with higher infectivity, on Huh7.5.1-8 cells. A multi-passaged HCV-JFH1-tau lot was infectious to CLDN1-defective S7-A cells, non-permissive to original HCV-JFH1-tau infection. We identified a single mutation, M706L, in the E2 glycoprotein of the HCV-JFH1-tau lot as an essential mutation for infectivity to S7-A cells. The pseudovirus JFH1/M706L mutant could not infect human embryonic kidney 293 T (HEK293T) cells lacking CLDN family but infected HEK293T cells expressing CLDN1, CLDN6, or CLDN9. Thus, this mutant virus could utilize CLDN1, and other CLDN6 and CLDN9, making HCV possible to infect cells other than hepatocytes. iPS cells, one of the stem cells, do not express CLDN1 but express CLDN6 and other host factors required for HCV infection. We confirmed that the HCV-JFH1-tau-derived mutant with an M706L mutation infected iPS cells in a CLDN6-dependent manner. These results demonstrated that a missense mutation in E2 could broaden the CLDN member specificity for HCV infection. HCV may change its receptor requirement through a single amino acid mutation and infect non-hepatic cells.
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Zhang Y, Chen Y, Zhou J, Wang X, Ma L, Li J, Yang L, Yuan H, Pang D, Ouyang H. Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus: An Updated Overview of Virus Epidemiology, Virulence Variation Patterns and Virus-Host Interactions. Viruses 2022; 14:v14112434. [PMID: 36366532 PMCID: PMC9695474 DOI: 10.3390/v14112434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a member of the coronavirus family, causing deadly watery diarrhea in newborn piglets. The global pandemic of PEDV, with significant morbidity and mortality, poses a huge threat to the swine industry. The currently developed vaccines and drugs are only effective against the classic GI strains that were prevalent before 2010, while there is no effective control against the GII variant strains that are currently a global pandemic. In this review, we summarize the latest progress in the biology of PEDV, including its transmission and origin, structure and function, evolution, and virus-host interaction, in an attempt to find the potential virulence factors influencing PEDV pathogenesis. We conclude with the mechanism by which PEDV components antagonize the immune responses of the virus, and the role of host factors in virus infection. Essentially, this review serves as a valuable reference for the development of attenuated virus vaccines and the potential of host factors as antiviral targets for the prevention and control of PEDV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzhu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yiwu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Lerong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Jianing Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Hongming Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
- Chongqing Research Institute, Jilin University, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Daxin Pang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
- Chongqing Research Institute, Jilin University, Chongqing 401120, China
- Chongqing Jitang Biotechnology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401120, China
- Correspondence: (D.P.); (H.O.); Tel.: +86-431-8783-6175 (H.O.)
| | - Hongsheng Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
- Chongqing Research Institute, Jilin University, Chongqing 401120, China
- Chongqing Jitang Biotechnology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401120, China
- Correspondence: (D.P.); (H.O.); Tel.: +86-431-8783-6175 (H.O.)
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Meineke R, Stelz S, Busch M, Werlein C, Kühnel M, Jonigk D, Rimmelzwaan GF, Elbahesh H. FDA-Approved Inhibitors of RTK/Raf Signaling Potently Impair Multiple Steps of In Vitro and Ex Vivo Influenza A Virus Infections. Viruses 2022; 14:v14092058. [PMID: 36146864 PMCID: PMC9504178 DOI: 10.3390/v14092058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza virus (IV) infections pose a burden on global public health with significant morbidity and mortality. The limited range of currently licensed IV antiviral drugs is susceptible to the rapid rise of resistant viruses. In contrast, FDA-approved kinase inhibitors can be repurposed as fast-tracked host-targeted antivirals with a higher barrier of resistance. Extending our recent studies, we screened 21 FDA-approved small-molecule kinase inhibitors (SMKIs) and identified seven candidates as potent inhibitors of pandemic and seasonal IV infections. These SMKIs were further validated in a biologically and clinically relevant ex vivo model of human precision-cut lung slices. We identified steps of the virus infection cycle affected by these inhibitors (entry, replication, egress) and found that most SMKIs affected both entry and egress. Based on defined and overlapping targets of these inhibitors, the candidate SMKIs target receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK)-mediated activation of Raf/MEK/ERK pathways to limit influenza A virus infection. Our data and the established safety profiles of these SMKIs support further clinical investigations and repurposing of these SMKIs as host-targeted influenza therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Meineke
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine in Hannover (TiHo), Bünteweg 17, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Sonja Stelz
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine in Hannover (TiHo), Bünteweg 17, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Maximilian Busch
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine in Hannover (TiHo), Bünteweg 17, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Christopher Werlein
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Mark Kühnel
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Hannover Medical School (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Danny Jonigk
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Hannover Medical School (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Guus F. Rimmelzwaan
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine in Hannover (TiHo), Bünteweg 17, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Husni Elbahesh
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine in Hannover (TiHo), Bünteweg 17, 30559 Hannover, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Bhattacharjee C, Mukhopadhyay A. Generation of fluorescent HCV pseudoparticles to study early viral entry events- involvement of Rab1a in HCV entry. Virusdisease 2022; 33:172-184. [PMID: 35855963 PMCID: PMC9275390 DOI: 10.1007/s13337-022-00770-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the early events in viral biology holds the key to the development of potent preventives. In this study, fluorescent hepatitis C virus pseudoparticles (HCVpp) have been generated where the envelope glycoprotein of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has an EGFP tag. Using these pseudoparticles, entry assays were conducted where their entry was tracked via confocal microscopy. Using this system, fusion of host and viral membranes is predicted to occur within 15 min of HCV entry. Using cells with a knockdown for Rab1a, HCV trafficking was observed to be altered, indicating a role of Rab1a in HCV trafficking. In conclusion, this study reports the generation and use of fluorescent HCVpp which may be used to understand the early events of viral entry. This system may be adapted for the study of other enveloped viruses as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chayan Bhattacharjee
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073 India
| | - Aparna Mukhopadhyay
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073 India
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50
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Stejskal L, Kalemera MD, Lewis CB, Palor M, Walker L, Daviter T, Lees WD, Moss DS, Kremyda-Vlachou M, Kozlakidis Z, Gallo G, Bailey D, Rosenberg W, Illingworth CJR, Shepherd AJ, Grove J. An entropic safety catch controls hepatitis C virus entry and antibody resistance. eLife 2022; 11:e71854. [PMID: 35796426 PMCID: PMC9333995 DOI: 10.7554/elife.71854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
E1 and E2 (E1E2), the fusion proteins of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), are unlike that of any other virus yet described, and the detailed molecular mechanisms of HCV entry/fusion remain unknown. Hypervariable region-1 (HVR-1) of E2 is a putative intrinsically disordered protein tail. Here, we demonstrate that HVR-1 has an autoinhibitory function that suppresses the activity of E1E2 on free virions; this is dependent on its conformational entropy. Thus, HVR-1 is akin to a safety catch that prevents premature triggering of E1E2 activity. Crucially, this mechanism is turned off by host receptor interactions at the cell surface to allow entry. Mutations that reduce conformational entropy in HVR-1, or genetic deletion of HVR-1, turn off the safety catch to generate hyper-reactive HCV that exhibits enhanced virus entry but is thermally unstable and acutely sensitive to neutralising antibodies. Therefore, the HVR-1 safety catch controls the efficiency of virus entry and maintains resistance to neutralising antibodies. This discovery provides an explanation for the ability of HCV to persist in the face of continual immune assault and represents a novel regulatory mechanism that is likely to be found in other viral fusion machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Stejskal
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Birkbeck CollegeLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Mphatso D Kalemera
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Charlotte B Lewis
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus ResearchGlasgowUnited Kingdom
| | - Machaela Palor
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Lucas Walker
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Tina Daviter
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Birkbeck CollegeLondonUnited Kingdom
- Shared Research Facilities, The Institute of Cancer ResearchLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - William D Lees
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Birkbeck CollegeLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - David S Moss
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Birkbeck CollegeLondonUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Zisis Kozlakidis
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health OrganizationLyonFrance
| | | | | | - William Rosenberg
- Division of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Christopher JR Illingworth
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus ResearchGlasgowUnited Kingdom
- Department of Genetics, University of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
- Institut für Biologische Physik, Universität zu KölnCologneGermany
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Adrian J Shepherd
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Birkbeck CollegeLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Joe Grove
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus ResearchGlasgowUnited Kingdom
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