1
|
Halloran KM, Saadat N, Pallas B, Vyas AK, Sargis R, Padmanabhan V. Developmental programming: Testosterone excess masculinizes female pancreatic transcriptome and function in sheep. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 588:112234. [PMID: 38588858 PMCID: PMC11231987 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Hyperandrogenic disorders, such as polycystic ovary syndrome, are often associated with metabolic disruptions such as insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. Studies in sheep, a precocial model of translational relevance, provide evidence that in utero exposure to excess testosterone during days 30-90 of gestation (the sexually dimorphic window where males naturally experience elevated androgens) programs insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia in female offspring. Extending earlier findings that adverse effects of testosterone excess are evident in fetal day 90 pancreas, the end of testosterone treatment, the present study provides evidence that transcriptomic and phenotypic effects of in utero testosterone excess on female pancreas persist after cessation of treatment, suggesting lasting organizational changes, and induce a male-like phenotype in female pancreas. These findings demonstrate that the female pancreas is susceptible to programmed masculinization during the sexually dimorphic window of fetal development and shed light on underlying connections between hyperandrogenism and metabolic homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nadia Saadat
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Brooke Pallas
- Unit Lab Animal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Arpita K Vyas
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Robert Sargis
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abstract
All cancers arise from normal cells whose progeny acquire the cancer-initiating mutations and epigenetic modifications leading to frank tumorigenesis. The identity of those "cells-of-origin" has historically been a source of controversy across tumor types, as it has not been possible to witness the dynamic events giving rise to human tumors. Genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) of cancer provide an invaluable substitute, enabling researchers to interrogate the competence of various naive cellular compartments to initiate tumors in vivo. Researchers using these models have relied on lineage-specific promoters, knowledge of preneoplastic disease states in humans, and technical advances allowing more precise manipulations of the mouse germline. These approaches have given rise to the emerging view that multiple lineages within a given organ may generate tumors with similar histopathology. Here, we review some of the key studies leading to this conclusion in solid tumors and highlight the biological and clinical ramifications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason R Pitarresi
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655, USA
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655, USA
| | - Ben Z Stanger
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kim DS, Song L, Gou W, Kim J, Liu B, Wei H, Muise-Helmericks RC, Li Z, Wang H. GRP94 is an IGF-1R chaperone and regulates beta cell death in diabetes. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:374. [PMID: 38811543 PMCID: PMC11137047 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06754-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
High workload-induced cellular stress can cause pancreatic islet β cell death and dysfunction, or β cell failure, a hallmark of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Thus, activation of molecular chaperones and other stress-response genes prevents β cell failure. To this end, we have shown that deletion of the glucose-regulated protein 94 (GRP94) in Pdx1+ pancreatic progenitor cells led to pancreas hypoplasia and reduced β cell mass during pancreas development in mice. Here, we show that GRP94 was involved in β cell adaption and compensation (or failure) in islets from leptin receptor-deficient (db/db) mice in an age-dependent manner. GRP94-deficient cells were more susceptible to cell death induced by various diabetogenic stress conditions. We also identified a new client of GRP94, insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R), a critical factor for β cell survival and function that may mediate the effect of GRP94 in the pathogenesis of diabetes. This study has identified essential functions of GRP94 in β cell failure related to diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Do-Sung Kim
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Lili Song
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Wenyu Gou
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Jisun Kim
- Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleson, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Bei Liu
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-James, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Hua Wei
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Robin C Muise-Helmericks
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Zihai Li
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-James, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Hongjun Wang
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
- Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang Y, Xu K, Gao X, Wei Z, Han Q, Wang S, Du W, Chen M. Polystyrene nanoplastics with different functional groups and charges have different impacts on type 2 diabetes. Part Fibre Toxicol 2024; 21:21. [PMID: 38658944 PMCID: PMC11044502 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-024-00582-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing attention is being paid to the environmental and health impacts of nanoplastics (NPs) pollution. Exposure to nanoplastics (NPs) with different charges and functional groups may have different adverse effects after ingestion by organisms, yet the potential ramifications on mammalian blood glucose levels, and the risk of diabetes remain unexplored. RESULTS Mice were exposed to PS-NPs/COOH/NH2 at a dose of 5 mg/kg/day for nine weeks, either alone or in a T2DM model. The findings demonstrated that exposure to PS-NPs modified by different functional groups caused a notable rise in fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance in a mouse model of T2DM. Exposure to PS-NPs-NH2 alone can also lead the above effects to a certain degree. PS-NPs exposure could induce glycogen accumulation and hepatocellular edema, as well as injury to the pancreas. Comparing the effect of different functional groups or charges on T2DM, the PS-NPs-NH2 group exhibited the most significant FBG elevation, glycogen accumulation, and insulin resistance. The phosphorylation of AKT and FoxO1 was found to be inhibited by PS-NPs exposure. Treatment with SC79, the selective AKT activator was shown to effectively rescue this process and attenuate T2DM like lesions. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to PS-NPs with different functional groups (charges) induced T2DM-like lesions. Amino-modified PS-NPs cause more serious T2DM-like lesions than pristine PS-NPs or carboxyl functionalized PS-NPs. The underlying mechanisms involved the inhibition of P-AKT/P-FoxO1. This study highlights the potential risk of NPs pollution on T2DM, and provides a new perspective for evaluating the impact of plastics aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunyi Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, 430079, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, 430079, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiao Gao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, 430079, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhaolan Wei
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, 430079, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qi Han
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, 430079, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shuxin Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, 430079, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wanting Du
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, 430079, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Mingqing Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, 430079, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Aseer KR, Mazucanti CH, O'Connell JF, González-Mariscal I, Verma A, Yao Q, Dunn C, Liu QR, Egan JM, Doyle ME. Beta cell specific cannabinoid 1 receptor deletion counteracts progression to hyperglycemia in non-obese diabetic mice. Mol Metab 2024; 82:101906. [PMID: 38423253 PMCID: PMC10940176 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Type 1 diabetes (T1D) occurs because of islet infiltration by autoreactive immune cells leading to destruction of beta cells and it is becoming evident that beta cell dysfunction partakes in this process. We previously reported that genetic deletion and pharmacological antagonism of the cannabinoid 1 receptor (CB1) in mice improves insulin synthesis and secretion, upregulates glucose sensing machinery, favors beta cell survival by reducing apoptosis, and enhances beta cell proliferation. Moreover, beta cell specific deletion of CB1 protected mice fed a high fat high sugar diet against islet inflammation and beta cell dysfunction. Therefore, we hypothesized that it would mitigate the dysfunction of beta cells in the precipitating events leading to T1D. METHODS We genetically deleted CB1 specifically from beta cells in non-obese diabetic (NOD; NOD RIP Cre+ Cnr1fl/fl) mice. We evaluated female NOD RIP Cre+ Cnr1fl/fl mice and their NOD RIP Cre-Cnr1fl/fl and NOD RIP Cre+ Cnr1Wt/Wt littermates for onset of hyperglycemia over 26 weeks. We also examined islet morphology, islet infiltration by immune cells and beta cell function and proliferation. RESULTS Beta cell specific deletion of CB1 in NOD mice significantly reduced the incidence of hyperglycemia by preserving beta cell function and mass. Deletion also prevented beta cell apoptosis and aggressive insulitis in NOD RIP Cre+ Cnr1fl/fl mice compared to wild-type littermates. NOD RIP Cre+ Cnr1fl/fl islets maintained normal morphology with no evidence of beta cell dedifferentiation or appearance of extra islet beta cells, indicating that protection from autoimmunity is inherent to genetic deletion of beta cell CB1. Pancreatic lymph node Treg cells were significantly higher in NOD RIP Cre+ Cnr1fl/flvs NOD RIP Cre-Cnr1fl/fl. CONCLUSIONS Collectively these data demonstrate how protection of beta cells from metabolic stress during the active phase of T1D can ameliorate destructive insulitis and provides evidence for CB1 as a potential pharmacologic target in T1D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kanikkai Raja Aseer
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Caio Henrique Mazucanti
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Jennifer F O'Connell
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Isabel González-Mariscal
- Inserm UMR1190 - Translational Research of Diabetes, Pôle recherche 3ème Ouest, 1, place de Verdun 59045 Lille Cedex, France
| | - Anjali Verma
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Qin Yao
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Christopher Dunn
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology & Immunology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Qing-Rong Liu
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Josephine M Egan
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Máire E Doyle
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mateus Gonçalves L, Andrade Barboza C, Almaça J. Diabetes as a Pancreatic Microvascular Disease-A Pericytic Perspective. J Histochem Cytochem 2024; 72:131-148. [PMID: 38454609 PMCID: PMC10956440 DOI: 10.1369/00221554241236535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is not only an endocrine but also a vascular disease. Vascular defects are usually seen as consequence of diabetes. However, at the level of the pancreatic islet, vascular alterations have been described before symptom onset. Importantly, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying these early vascular defects have not been identified, neither how these could impact the function of islet endocrine cells. In this review, we will discuss the possibility that dysfunction of the mural cells of the microvasculature-known as pericytes-underlies vascular defects observed in islets in pre-symptomatic stages. Pericytes are crucial for vascular homeostasis throughout the body, but their physiological and pathophysiological functions in islets have only recently started to be explored. A previous study had already raised interest in the "microvascular" approach to this disease. With our increased understanding of the crucial role of the islet microvasculature for glucose homeostasis, here we will revisit the vascular aspects of islet function and how their deregulation could contribute to diabetes pathogenesis, focusing in particular on type 1 diabetes (T1D).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Mateus Gonçalves
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Catarina Andrade Barboza
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Joana Almaça
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Graduate Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Xie T, Huang Q, Huang Q, Huang Y, Liu S, Zeng H, Liu J. Dysregulated lncRNAs regulate human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell differentiation into insulin-producing cells by forming a regulatory network with mRNAs. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:22. [PMID: 38273351 PMCID: PMC10809572 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03572-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In recent years, cell therapy has emerged as a new research direction in the treatment of diabetes. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation necessary to form such treatment have not been clarified. METHODS In this study, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs) isolated from newborns were progressively induced into insulin-producing cells (IPCs) using small molecules. HUC-MSC (S0) and four induced stage (S1-S4) samples were prepared. We then performed transcriptome sequencing experiments to obtain the dynamic expression profiles of both mRNAs and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). RESULTS We found that the number of differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs trended downwards during differentiation. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that the target genes of differentially expressed lncRNAs were associated with translation, cell adhesion, and cell connection. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis revealed that the NF-KB signalling pathway, MAPK signalling pathway, HIPPO signalling pathway, PI3K-Akt signalling pathway, and p53 signalling pathway were enriched in these differentially expressed lncRNA-targeting genes. We also found that the coexpression of the lncRNA CTBP1-AS2 with PROX1 and the lncRNAs AC009014.3 and GS1-72M22.1 with JARID2 mRNA was related to the development of pancreatic beta cells. Moreover, the coexpression of the lncRNAs: XLOC_ 050969, LINC00883, XLOC_050981, XLOC_050925, MAP3K14- AS1, RP11-148K1.12, and CTD2020K17.3 with p53, regulated insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells. CONCLUSION In this study, HUC-MSCs combined with small molecule compounds were successfully induced into IPCs. Differentially expressed lncRNAs may regulate the insulin secretion of pancreatic beta cells by regulating multiple signalling pathways. The lncRNAs AC009014.3, Gs1-72m21.1, and CTBP1-AS2 may be involved in the development of pancreatic beta cells, and the lncRNAs: XLOC_050969, LINC00883, XLOC_050981, XLOC_050925, MAP3K14-AS1, RP11-148K1.12, and CTD2020K17.3 may be involved in regulating the insulin secretion of pancreatic beta cells, thus providing a lncRNA catalogue for future research regarding the mechanism of the transdifferentiation of HUC-MSCs into IPCs. It also provides a new theoretical basis for the transplantation of insulin-producing cells into diabetic patients in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianqin Xie
- Department of Endocrinology Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang of Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Qiming Huang
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translation Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang of Jiangxi, China
| | - Qiulan Huang
- Department of Endocrinology Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang of Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Yanting Huang
- Department of Endocrinology Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang of Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang of Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Haixia Zeng
- Department of Endocrinology Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang of Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Jianping Liu
- Department of Endocrinology Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang of Jiangxi, 330006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mahmoudi-Aznaveh A, Tavoosidana G, Najmabadi H, Azizi Z, Ardestani A. The liver-derived exosomes stimulate insulin gene expression in pancreatic beta cells under condition of insulin resistance. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1303930. [PMID: 38027137 PMCID: PMC10661932 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1303930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction An insufficient functional beta cell mass is a core pathological hallmark of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Despite the availability of several effective pharmaceuticals for diabetes management, there is an urgent need for novel medications to protect pancreatic beta cells under diabetic conditions. Integrative organ cross-communication controls the energy balance and glucose homeostasis. The liver and pancreatic islets have dynamic cross-communications where the liver can trigger a compensatory beta cell mass expansion and enhanced hormonal secretion in insulin-resistant conditions. However, the indispensable element(s) that foster beta cell proliferation and insulin secretion have yet to be completely identified. Exosomes are important extracellular vehicles (EVs) released by most cell types that transfer biological signal(s), including metabolic messengers such as miRNA and peptides, between cells and organs. Methods We investigated whether beta cells can take up liver-derived exosomes and examined their impact on beta cell functional genes and insulin expression. Exosomes isolated from human liver HepG2 cells were characterized using various methods, including Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and Western blot analysis of exosomal markers. Exosome labeling and cell uptake were assessed using CM-Dil dye. The effect of liver cell-derived exosomes on Min6 beta cells was determined through gene expression analyses of beta cell markers and insulin using qPCR, as well as Akt signaling using Western blotting. Results Treatment of Min6 beta cells with exosomes isolated from human liver HepG2 cells treated with insulin receptor antagonist S961 significantly increased the expression of beta cell markers Pdx1, NeuroD1, and Ins1 compared to the exosomes isolated from untreated cells. In line with this, the activity of AKT kinase, an integral component of the insulin receptor pathway, is elevated in pancreatic beta cells, as represented by an increase in AKT's downstream substrate, FoxO1 phosphorylation. Discussions This study suggests that liver-derived exosomes may carry a specific molecular cargo that can affect insulin expression in pancreatic beta cells, ultimately affecting glucose homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azam Mahmoudi-Aznaveh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Tavoosidana
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Najmabadi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Azizi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Ardestani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wu S, Ai W, Nie L, Lu X. Antidiabetic activity of eupafolin through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma and PI3K/Akt signaling in Type 2 diabetic rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23463. [PMID: 37566541 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Eupafolin is a phyto compound of flavone that exerts anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiproliferative properties. The main purpose of this study is to examine the antidiabetic effect of eupafolin on nicotinamide-streptozotocin (STZ)-induced Type 2 diabetes (T2D) rats. After nicotinamide (120 mg/kg) treatment, STZ (60 mg/kg) was administrated intravenously to induce T2D. Rats with fasting blood glucose (FBG) > 200 mg/dL are chosen for the study 7 days after T2D induction. The eupafolin treatment was continued for another 15 days. FBG and an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were measured on the 21st day after T2D induction. The blood lipid, serum insulin, and homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR) were determined. In liver homogenate, oxidative stress indicators were measured. In addition, the effect of eupafolin on the expression of the proteins InsR, insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-2, GLUT4, PPARγ, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt was investigated using a western blot. As measured by OGTT and HOMA-IR, eupafolin treatment reduced FBG and insulin resistance (IR). Furthermore, when compared to diabetic rats, liver antioxidant enzymes were dramatically normalized. The level of glycogen in the liver of diabetic rats was increased by eupafolin treatment. In T2D rats, eupafolin dramatically increased the InsR, IRS-2, GLUT4, and PPARγ. Further, the eupafolin treatment activated the PI3K/Akt signaling in T2D rats. These findings imply that the antidiabetic mechanism of eupafolin may be related to the activation of the PPARγ and the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in T2D rats. As a result, the flavonoid eupafolin could be an antidiabetic medication for T2D after a comprehensive clinical investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su Wu
- Department of General Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Wenwei Ai
- Department of General Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Lei Nie
- Department of Geriatrics, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xiao Lu
- Department of Inpatient Service Center, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Niu F, Liu W, Ren Y, Tian Y, Shi W, Li M, Li Y, Xiong Y, Qian L. β-cell neogenesis: A rising star to rescue diabetes mellitus. J Adv Res 2023:S2090-1232(23)00312-0. [PMID: 37839502 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes Mellitus (DM), a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose, is caused by various degrees of insulin resistance and dysfunctional insulin secretion, resulting in hyperglycemia. The loss and failure of functional β-cells are key mechanisms resulting in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). AIM OF REVIEW Elucidating the underlying mechanisms of β-cell failure, and exploring approaches for β-cell neogenesis to reverse β-cell dysfunction may provide novel strategies for DM therapy. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW Emerging studies reveal that genetic susceptibility, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, oxidative stress, islet inflammation, and protein modification linked to multiple signaling pathways contribute to DM pathogenesis. Over the past few years, replenishing functional β-cell by β-cell neogenesis to restore the number and function of pancreatic β-cells has remarkably exhibited a promising therapeutic approach for DM therapy. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the underlying mechanisms of β-cell failure in DM, highlight the effective approaches for β-cell neogenesis, as well as discuss the current clinical and preclinical agents research advances of β-cell neogenesis. Insights into the challenges of translating β-cell neogenesis into clinical application for DM treatment are also offered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanglin Niu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenxuan Liu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ren
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China; Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenzhen Shi
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China; Medical Research Center, the affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Man Li
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yujia Li
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuyan Xiong
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lu Qian
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China; Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Han Q, Ding Q, Yu L, Li T, Sun B, Tang Z. Hippocampal transcriptome analysis reveals mechanisms of cognitive impairment in beagle dogs with type 1 diabetes. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2023; 82:774-786. [PMID: 37533277 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlad060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic encephalopathy is a common complication of type 1 diabetes. However, there have been few studies on cognitive impairment and hippocampal damage in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) using dogs as experimental animals. To investigate the effects of diabetes on the CNS, 40 adult beagles were divided into streptozotocin/alloxan type 1 diabetes model and control groups. The duration of diabetes in the model group was 120 days. A cognitive dysfunction scale was used to assess cognitive function. Hematoxylin and eosin and Golgi-Cox staining methods were used to observe morphological damage to the hippocampus. Transcriptomics was used to investigate differential gene expression in the hippocampus. The results showed that the cognitive dysfunction score of the model group was significantly higher than that of the control group. In addition, the number of normal neurons, the complexity of dendritic morphology, and the density of dendritic spines were decreased in the hippocampus of diabetic dogs. A total of 672 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, 289 of which were upregulated, and 383 were downregulated. Modified genes included DBH, IGFBP2, AVPR1A, and DRAXIN. In conclusion, type 1 diabetic dogs exhibit cognitive dysfunction. The DEGs were mainly enriched in metabolic, PI3K-Akt signaling, and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingyue Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Qingyu Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Luyao Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Tingyu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Bingxia Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoxin Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Forsythe SD, Pu T, Andrews SG, Madigan JP, Sadowski SM. Models in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: Current Perspectives and Future Directions. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3756. [PMID: 37568572 PMCID: PMC10416968 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15153756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs) are a heterogeneous group of tumors derived from multiple neuroendocrine origin cell subtypes. Incidence rates for pNENs have steadily risen over the last decade, and outcomes continue to vary widely due to inability to properly screen. These tumors encompass a wide range of functional and non-functional subtypes, with their rarity and slow growth making therapeutic development difficult as most clinically used therapeutics are derived from retrospective analyses. Improved molecular understanding of these cancers has increased our knowledge of the tumor biology for pNENs. Despite these advances in our understanding of pNENs, there remains a dearth of models for further investigation. In this review, we will cover the current field of pNEN models, which include established cell lines, animal models such as mice and zebrafish, and three-dimensional (3D) cell models, and compare their uses in modeling various disease aspects. While no study model is a complete representation of pNEN biology, each has advantages which allow for new scientific understanding of these rare tumors. Future efforts and advancements in technology will continue to create new options in modeling these cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven D. Forsythe
- Neuroendocrine Cancer Therapy Section, Surgical Oncology Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (S.D.F.); (S.G.A.); (J.P.M.)
| | - Tracey Pu
- Surgical Oncology Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Stephen G. Andrews
- Neuroendocrine Cancer Therapy Section, Surgical Oncology Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (S.D.F.); (S.G.A.); (J.P.M.)
| | - James P. Madigan
- Neuroendocrine Cancer Therapy Section, Surgical Oncology Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (S.D.F.); (S.G.A.); (J.P.M.)
| | - Samira M. Sadowski
- Neuroendocrine Cancer Therapy Section, Surgical Oncology Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (S.D.F.); (S.G.A.); (J.P.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yin Y, Tan M, Han L, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Pan W, Bai J, Jiang T, Li H. The hippo kinases MST1/2 in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases: A promising therapeutic target option for pharmacotherapy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:1956-1975. [PMID: 37250161 PMCID: PMC10213817 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and metabolic disorders are major components of noncommunicable diseases, causing an enormous health and economic burden worldwide. There are common risk factors and developmental mechanisms among them, indicating the far-reaching significance in exploring the corresponding therapeutic targets. MST1/2 kinases are well-established proapoptotic effectors that also bidirectionally regulate autophagic activity. Recent studies have demonstrated that MST1/2 influence the outcome of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases by regulating immune inflammation. In addition, drug development against them is in full swing. In this review, we mainly describe the roles and mechanisms of MST1/2 in apoptosis and autophagy in cardiovascular and metabolic events as well as emphasis on the existing evidence for their involvement in immune inflammation. Moreover, we summarize the latest progress of pharmacotherapy targeting MST1/2 and propose a new mode of drug combination therapy, which may be beneficial to seek more effective strategies to prevent and treat CVDs and metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Yin
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Mingyue Tan
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Lianhua Han
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Wanqian Pan
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Jiaxiang Bai
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Tingbo Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Hongxia Li
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Inhibition mechanism of MRTX1133 on KRAS G12D: a molecular dynamics simulation and Markov state model study. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2023; 37:157-166. [PMID: 36849761 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-023-00498-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
The mutant KRAS was considered as an "undruggable" target for decades, especially KRASG12D. It is a great challenge to develop the inhibitors for KRASG12D which lacks the thiol group for covalently binding ligands. The discovery of MRTX1133 solved the dilemma. Interestingly, MRTX1133 can bind to both the inactive and active states of KRASG12D. The binding mechanism of MRTX1133 with KRASG12D, especially how MRTX1133 could bind the active state KRASG12D without triggering the active function of KRASG12D, has not been fully understood. Here, we used a combination of all-atom molecular dynamics simulations and Markov state model (MSM) to understand the inhibition mechanism of MRTX1133 and its analogs. The stationary probabilities derived from MSM show that MRTX1133 and its analogs can stabilize the inactive or active states of KRASG12D into different conformations. More remarkably, by scrutinizing the conformational differences, MRTX1133 and its analogs were hydrogen bonded to Gly60 to stabilize the switch II region and left switch I region in a dynamically inactive conformation, thus achieving an inhibitory effect. Our simulation and analysis provide detailed inhibition mechanism of KRASG12D induced by MRTX1133 and its analogs. This study will provide guidance for future design of novel small molecule inhibitors of KRASG12D.
Collapse
|
15
|
The effect and a mechanistic evaluation of polystyrene nanoplastics on a mouse model of type 2 diabetes. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 173:113642. [PMID: 36736609 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplastics have become ubiquitous in the global environment and have attracted increasing attention. However, whether there is an influence between exposure to nanoplastics and diabetes is unclear. To determine the effects of exposure to Polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) and evaluate the underlying mechanisms, mice were orally exposed to PS-NPs at dosages of 1, 10, 30 mg/kg/day for 8 weeks, alone or combined with a high fat diet and streptozocin (STZ) injection. Our data showed that exposure to 30 mg/kg/day PS-NPs alone induced a significant increase in blood glucose, glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Combined with a high fat diet and STZ injection, PS-NPs exposure markedly aggravated oxidative stress, glucose intolerance, insulin tolerance and insulin resistance, and induced lesions in the liver and pancreas. PS-NPs exposure could decrease the phosphorylation of AKT and GSK3β, and treatment with SC79, a selective AKT activator, could increase the level of AKT and GSK3β phosphorylation, effectively alleviating the increase in ROS levels in the liver or pancreas, and slightly attenuating the increase in fasting blood glucose levels and insulin resistance induced by PS-NPs exposure. This showed that exposure to PS-NPs aggravated type 2 diabetes and the underlying mechanism partly involved in the inhibition of AKT/GSK3β phosphorylation.
Collapse
|
16
|
Combined Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking to Verify the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes with Pueraria Lobata Radix and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2023; 2023:9150324. [PMID: 36820318 PMCID: PMC9938769 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9150324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Objective To explore the potential molecular mechanism of Pueraria Lobata Radix (RP) and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix (RS) in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Methods The chemical constituents and core targets of RP and RS were searched by Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology (TCMSP); target genes related to T2DM were obtained through GeneCards database, component target network diagram was constructed, intersection genes of active compounds and T2DM were synthesized, protein-protein interaction (PPI) relationship was obtained, and core targets were screened by using Cytoscape 3.7.2. Gene Ontology (GO) biological process and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway were analyzed utilizing R studio 4.0.4 according to David database. Based on molecular docking, the screened active components of RP and RS were verified by molecular docking with the core target using Discovery Studio 2019. Results There were totally 92 components and 29 corresponding targets in the component target network of RP and RS drug pair, of which 6 were the core targets of RP and RS in the treatment of T2DM. Molecular docking results showed that the active compounds of puerarin, formononetin, tanshinone iia, and luteolin had better binding activity with AKT1, VEGFA, NOS3, PPARG, MMP9, and VCAM1, respectively. Among them, puerarin showed significant effects in activating NOS3 pathway and luteolin exhibited significant effects in activating MMP9 pathway, respectively. The main biological processes mainly including xenobiotic stimulus, response to peptide, gland development, response to radiation, cellular response to chemical stress, response to oxygen levels, and the main signal pathways include response to xenobiotic stimulus, cellular response to chemical stress, response to peptide, gland development, and response to oxygen levels. Conclusion Network pharmacology is an effective tool to explain the action mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) from the overall perspective. RP and RS pair could alleviate T2DM via the molecular mechanism predicted by the network pharmacology, which provided new ideas and further research on the molecular mechanism of T2DM.
Collapse
|
17
|
Khajavi N, Beck A, Riçku K, Beyerle P, Jacob K, Syamsul SF, Belkacemi A, Reinach PS, Schreier PC, Salah H, Popp T, Novikoff A, Breit A, Chubanov V, Müller TD, Zierler S, Gudermann T. TRPM7 kinase is required for insulin production and compensatory islet responses during obesity. JCI Insight 2023; 8:163397. [PMID: 36574297 PMCID: PMC9977431 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.163397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Most overweight individuals do not develop diabetes due to compensatory islet responses to restore glucose homeostasis. Therefore, regulatory pathways that promote β cell compensation are potential targets for treatment of diabetes. The transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 7 protein (TRPM7), harboring a cation channel and a serine/threonine kinase, has been implicated in controlling cell growth and proliferation. Here, we report that selective deletion of Trpm7 in β cells disrupted insulin secretion and led to progressive glucose intolerance. We indicate that the diminished insulinotropic response in β cell-specific Trpm7-knockout mice was caused by decreased insulin production because of impaired enzymatic activity of this protein. Accordingly, high-fat-fed mice with a genetic loss of TRPM7 kinase activity displayed a marked glucose intolerance accompanied by hyperglycemia. These detrimental glucoregulatory effects were engendered by reduced compensatory β cell responses because of mitigated protein kinase B (AKT)/ERK signaling. Collectively, our data identify TRPM7 kinase as a potentially novel regulator of insulin synthesis, β cell dynamics, and glucose homeostasis under obesogenic diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noushafarin Khajavi
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Beck
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Klea Riçku
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp Beyerle
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Katharina Jacob
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sabrina F. Syamsul
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anouar Belkacemi
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Peter S. Reinach
- Wenzhou Medical University, Ophthalmology Department, Wenzhou, China
| | - Pascale C.F. Schreier
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Houssein Salah
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Tanja Popp
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - Aaron Novikoff
- Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Breit
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Vladimir Chubanov
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Timo D. Müller
- Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Susanna Zierler
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Thomas Gudermann
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Choi JH, Paik WH. Risk Stratification of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms Based on Clinical, Pathological, and Molecular Characteristics. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11247456. [PMID: 36556070 PMCID: PMC9786745 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11247456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms consist of heterogeneous diseases. Depending on the novel features detected by various modern technologies, their classification and related prognosis predictions continue to change and develop. The role of traditional clinicopathological prognostic factors, including classification systems, is also being refined, and several attempts have been made to predict a more accurate prognosis through novel serum biomarkers, genetic factors, and epigenetic factors that have been identified through various state-of-the-art molecular techniques with multiomics sequencing. In this review article, the latest research results including the traditional approach to prognostic factors and recent advanced strategies for risk stratification of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms based on clinical, pathological, and molecular characteristics are summarized. Predicting prognosis through multi-factorial assessments seems to be more efficacious, and prognostic factors through noninvasive methods are expected to develop further advances in liquid biopsy in the future.
Collapse
|
19
|
Preclinical Models of Neuroendocrine Neoplasia. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225646. [PMID: 36428741 PMCID: PMC9688518 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroendocrine neoplasia (NENs) are a complex and heterogeneous group of cancers that can arise from neuroendocrine tissues throughout the body and differentiate them from other tumors. Their low incidence and high diversity make many of them orphan conditions characterized by a low incidence and few dedicated clinical trials. Study of the molecular and genetic nature of these diseases is limited in comparison to more common cancers and more dependent on preclinical models, including both in vitro models (such as cell lines and 3D models) and in vivo models (such as patient derived xenografts (PDXs) and genetically-engineered mouse models (GEMMs)). While preclinical models do not fully recapitulate the nature of these cancers in patients, they are useful tools in investigation of the basic biology and early-stage investigation for evaluation of treatments for these cancers. We review available preclinical models for each type of NEN and discuss their history as well as their current use and translation.
Collapse
|
20
|
Balamurugan K, Chandra K, Sai Latha S, Swathi M, Joshi MB, Misra P, Parsa KVL. PHLPPs: Emerging players in metabolic disorders. Drug Discov Today 2022; 27:103317. [PMID: 35835313 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
That reversible protein phosphorylation by kinases and phosphatases occurs in metabolic disorders is well known. Various studies have revealed that a multi-faceted and tightly regulated phosphatase, pleckstrin homology domain leucine-rich repeat protein phosphatase (PHLPP)-1/2 displays robust effects in cardioprotection, ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R), and vascular remodelling. PHLPP1 promotes foamy macrophage development through ChREBP/AMPK-dependent pathways. Adipocyte-specific loss of PHLPP2 reduces adiposity, improves glucose tolerance,and attenuates fatty liver via the PHLPP2-HSL-PPARα axis. Discoveries of PHLPP1-mediated insulin resistance and pancreatic β cell death via the PHLPP1/2-Mst1-mTORC1 triangular loop have shed light on its significance in diabetology. PHLPP1 downregulation attenuates diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) by restoring PI3K-Akt-mTOR signalling. In this review, we summarise the functional role of, and cellular signalling mediated by, PHLPPs in metabolic tissues and discuss their potential as therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keerthana Balamurugan
- Center for Innovation in Molecular and Pharmaceutical Sciences (CIMPS), Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences (DRILS), University of Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India; Department of Ageing Research, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Kanika Chandra
- Center for Innovation in Molecular and Pharmaceutical Sciences (CIMPS), Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences (DRILS), University of Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India; Department of Ageing Research, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - S Sai Latha
- Center for Innovation in Molecular and Pharmaceutical Sciences (CIMPS), Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences (DRILS), University of Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - M Swathi
- Center for Innovation in Molecular and Pharmaceutical Sciences (CIMPS), Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences (DRILS), University of Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Manjunath B Joshi
- Department of Ageing Research, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Parimal Misra
- Center for Innovation in Molecular and Pharmaceutical Sciences (CIMPS), Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences (DRILS), University of Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Kishore V L Parsa
- Center for Innovation in Molecular and Pharmaceutical Sciences (CIMPS), Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences (DRILS), University of Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Melnik BC, Schmitz G. Milk Exosomal microRNAs: Postnatal Promoters of β Cell Proliferation but Potential Inducers of β Cell De-Differentiation in Adult Life. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911503. [PMID: 36232796 PMCID: PMC9569743 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β cell expansion and functional maturation during the birth-to-weaning period is driven by epigenetic programs primarily triggered by growth factors, hormones, and nutrients provided by human milk. As shown recently, exosomes derived from various origins interact with β cells. This review elucidates the potential role of milk-derived exosomes (MEX) and their microRNAs (miRs) on pancreatic β cell programming during the postnatal period of lactation as well as during continuous cow milk exposure of adult humans to bovine MEX. Mechanistic evidence suggests that MEX miRs stimulate mTORC1/c-MYC-dependent postnatal β cell proliferation and glycolysis, but attenuate β cell differentiation, mitochondrial function, and insulin synthesis and secretion. MEX miR content is negatively affected by maternal obesity, gestational diabetes, psychological stress, caesarean delivery, and is completely absent in infant formula. Weaning-related disappearance of MEX miRs may be the critical event switching β cells from proliferation to TGF-β/AMPK-mediated cell differentiation, whereas continued exposure of adult humans to bovine MEX miRs via intake of pasteurized cow milk may reverse β cell differentiation, promoting β cell de-differentiation. Whereas MEX miR signaling supports postnatal β cell proliferation (diabetes prevention), persistent bovine MEX exposure after the lactation period may de-differentiate β cells back to the postnatal phenotype (diabetes induction).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bodo C. Melnik
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, University of Osnabrück, D-49076 Osnabrück, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-52-4198-8060
| | - Gerd Schmitz
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Regensburg, University of Regensburg, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Huang Y, Lu J, Zhao Q, Chen J, Dong W, Lin M, Zheng H. Potential Therapeutic Mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Diabetes in Rodents: A Review from an NMR-Based Metabolomics Perspective. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27165109. [PMID: 36014349 PMCID: PMC9414875 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used to treat diabetes for a long time, but its application has not been widely accepted due to unstandardized product quality and complex pharmacological mechanisms. The modernization of TCM is crucial for its further development, and in recent years the metabolomics technique has largely driven its modernization. This review focuses on the application of NMR-based metabolomics in diabetic therapy using TCM. We identified a series of metabolic pathways that altered significantly after TCM treatment, providing a better understanding of the metabolic mechanisms of TCM for diabetes care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinli Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Pingyang Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325400, China
| | - Jiahui Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Qihui Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Junli Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Wei Dong
- Department of Endocrinology, Pingyang Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325400, China
| | - Minjie Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, Pingyang Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325400, China
| | - Hong Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Pingyang Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325400, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Blandino-Rosano M, Scheys JO, Werneck-de-Castro JP, Louzada RA, Almaça J, Leibowitz G, Rüegg MA, Hall MN, Bernal-Mizrachi E. Novel roles of mTORC2 in regulation of insulin secretion by actin filament remodeling. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2022; 323:E133-E144. [PMID: 35723227 PMCID: PMC9291412 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00076.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase is an essential hub where nutrients and growth factors converge to control cellular metabolism. mTOR interacts with different accessory proteins to form complexes 1 and 2 (mTORC), and each complex has different intracellular targets. Although mTORC1's role in β-cells has been extensively studied, less is known about mTORC2's function in β-cells. Here, we show that mice with constitutive and inducible β-cell-specific deletion of RICTOR (βRicKO and iβRicKO mice, respectively) are glucose intolerant due to impaired insulin secretion when glucose is injected intraperitoneally. Decreased insulin secretion in βRicKO islets was caused by abnormal actin polymerization. Interestingly, when glucose was administered orally, no difference in glucose homeostasis and insulin secretion were observed, suggesting that incretins are counteracting the mTORC2 deficiency. Mechanistically, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), but not gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), rescued insulin secretion in vivo and in vitro by improving actin polymerization in βRicKO islets. In conclusion, mTORC2 regulates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion by promoting actin filament remodeling.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The current studies uncover a novel mechanism linking mTORC2 signaling to glucose-stimulated insulin secretion by modulation of the actin filaments. This work also underscores the important role of GLP-1 in rescuing defects in insulin secretion by modulating actin polymerization and suggests that this effect is independent of mTORC2 signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Blandino-Rosano
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Joshua O Scheys
- Medical School, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes and Brehm Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Joao Pedro Werneck-de-Castro
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Ruy A Louzada
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Joana Almaça
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Gil Leibowitz
- Diabetes Unit and Endocrine Service, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | | | - Ernesto Bernal-Mizrachi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
- Miami VA Healthcare System, Miami, Florida
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhang X, Luo S, Wang M, Huang Q, Fang W, Li J, Liu T, Zhang Y, Deng Z, Liu CL, Guan S, Ayala JE, Flavell RA, Kulkarni RN, Libby P, Guo J, Liu Z, Shi GP. IL18 signaling causes islet β cell development and insulin secretion via different receptors on acinar and β cells. Dev Cell 2022; 57:1496-1511.e6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
25
|
Martin Vázquez E, Cobo-Vuilleumier N, Araujo Legido R, Marín-Cañas S, Nola E, Dorronsoro A, López Bermudo L, Crespo A, Romero-Zerbo SY, García-Fernández M, Martin Montalvo A, Rojas A, Comaills V, Bérmudez-Silva FJ, Gannon M, Martin F, Eizirik D, Lorenzo PI, Gauthier BR. NR5A2/LRH-1 regulates the PTGS2-PGE2-PTGER1 pathway contributing to pancreatic islet survival and function. iScience 2022; 25:104345. [PMID: 35602948 PMCID: PMC9117883 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
LRH-1/NR5A2 is implicated in islet morphogenesis postnatally, and its activation using the agonist BL001 protects islets against apoptosis, reverting hyperglycemia in mouse models of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Islet transcriptome profiling revealed that the expression of PTGS2/COX2 is increased by BL001. Herein, we sought to define the role of LRH-1 in postnatal islet morphogenesis and chart the BL001 mode of action conferring beta cell protection. LRH-1 ablation within developing beta cells impeded beta cell proliferation, correlating with mouse growth retardation, weight loss, and hypoglycemia leading to lethality. LRH-1 deletion in adult beta cells abolished the BL001 antidiabetic action, correlating with beta cell destruction and blunted Ptgs2 induction. Islet PTGS2 inactivation led to reduced PGE2 levels and loss of BL001 protection against cytokines as evidenced by increased cytochrome c release and cleaved-PARP. The PTGER1 antagonist—ONO-8130—negated BL001-mediated islet survival. Our results define the LRH-1/PTGS2/PGE2/PTGER1 signaling axis as a key pathway mediating BL001 survival properties. LRH-1 ablation during development impedes neonatal beta cell replication LRH-1 knockout in adult beta cells negates BL001-mediated antidiabetic properties Islets lacking PTGS2 are refractory to BL001-mediated protection against cytokines PTGER1 relays the BL001/LRH-1/PTGS2/PGE2 signaling axis to islet survival
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Martin Vázquez
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucía-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Nadia Cobo-Vuilleumier
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucía-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Raquel Araujo Legido
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucía-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Sandra Marín-Cañas
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Emanuele Nola
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucía-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Akaitz Dorronsoro
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucía-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Lucia López Bermudo
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucía-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandra Crespo
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucía-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Silvana Y. Romero-Zerbo
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, UGC Endocrinología y Nutrición. Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Fisiología Humana, Anatomía Patológica y Educación Físico Deportiva, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Maria García-Fernández
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Fisiología Humana, Anatomía Patológica y Educación Físico Deportiva, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Alejandro Martin Montalvo
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucía-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Anabel Rojas
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucía-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Valentine Comaills
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucía-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Bérmudez-Silva
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, UGC Endocrinología y Nutrición. Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Maureen Gannon
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville USA
| | - Franz Martin
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucía-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Decio Eizirik
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Petra I. Lorenzo
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucía-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Benoit R. Gauthier
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucía-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
- Corresponding author
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Camaya I, Donnelly S, O'Brien B. Targeting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in pancreatic β-cells to enhance their survival and function: An emerging therapeutic strategy for type 1 diabetes. J Diabetes 2022; 14:247-260. [PMID: 35191175 PMCID: PMC9060113 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease caused by the destruction of the insulin-producing β-cells within the pancreas. Islet transplantation represents one cure; however, during islet preparation and post transplantation significant amounts of β-cell death occur. Therefore, prevention and cure of T1D is dependent upon the preservation of β-cell function and the prevention of β-cell death. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling represents a promising therapeutic target for T1D due to its pronounced effects on cellular survival, proliferation, and metabolism. A growing amount of evidence indicates that PI3K/Akt signaling is a critical determinant of β-cell mass and function. Modulation of the PI3K/Akt pathway, directly (via the use of highly specific protein and peptide-based biologics, excretory/secretory products of parasitic worms, and complex constituents of plant extracts) or indirectly (through microRNA interactions) can regulate the β-cell processes to ultimately determine the fate of β-cell mass. An important consideration is the identification of the specific PI3K/Akt pathway modulators that enhance β-cell function and prevent β-cell death without inducing excessive β-cell proliferation, which may carry carcinogenic side effects. Among potential PI3K/Akt pathway agonists, we have identified a novel parasite-derived protein, termed FhHDM-1 (Fasciola hepatica helminth defense molecule 1), which efficiently stimulates the PI3K/Akt pathway in β-cells to enhance function and prevent death without concomitantly inducing proliferation unlike several other identified stimulators of PI3K/Akt signaling . As such, FhHDM-1 will inform the design of biologics aimed at targeting the PI3K/Akt pathway to prevent/ameliorate not only T1D but also T2D, which is now widely recognized as an inflammatory disease characterized by β-cell dysfunction and death. This review will explore the modulation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway as a novel strategy to enhance β-cell function and survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inah Camaya
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of ScienceThe University of Technology SydneyUltimoNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Sheila Donnelly
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of ScienceThe University of Technology SydneyUltimoNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Bronwyn O'Brien
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of ScienceThe University of Technology SydneyUltimoNew South WalesAustralia
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Tissue-Specific Methylation Biosignatures for Monitoring Diseases: An In Silico Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23062959. [PMID: 35328380 PMCID: PMC8952417 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23062959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue-specific gene methylation events are key to the pathogenesis of several diseases and can be utilized for diagnosis and monitoring. Here, we established an in silico pipeline to analyze high-throughput methylome datasets to identify specific methylation fingerprints in three pathological entities of major burden, i.e., breast cancer (BrCa), osteoarthritis (OA) and diabetes mellitus (DM). Differential methylation analysis was conducted to compare tissues/cells related to the pathology and different types of healthy tissues, revealing Differentially Methylated Genes (DMGs). Highly performing and low feature number biosignatures were built with automated machine learning, including: (1) a five-gene biosignature discriminating BrCa tissue from healthy tissues (AUC 0.987 and precision 0.987), (2) three equivalent OA cartilage-specific biosignatures containing four genes each (AUC 0.978 and precision 0.986) and (3) a four-gene pancreatic β-cell-specific biosignature (AUC 0.984 and precision 0.995). Next, the BrCa biosignature was validated using an independent ccfDNA dataset showing an AUC and precision of 1.000, verifying the biosignature’s applicability in liquid biopsy. Functional and protein interaction prediction analysis revealed that most DMGs identified are involved in pathways known to be related to the studied diseases or pointed to new ones. Overall, our data-driven approach contributes to the maximum exploitation of high-throughput methylome readings, helping to establish specific disease profiles to be applied in clinical practice and to understand human pathology.
Collapse
|
28
|
Zhang X, Deng D, Cui D, Liu Y, He S, Zhang H, Xie Y, Yu X, Yang S, Chen Y, Su Z. Cholesterol Sulfate Exerts Protective Effect on Pancreatic β-Cells by Regulating β-Cell Mass and Insulin Secretion. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:840406. [PMID: 35308228 PMCID: PMC8930834 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.840406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Rational: Cholesterol sulfate (CS) is the most abundant known sterol sulfate in human plasma, and it plays a significant role in the control of metabolism and inflammatory response, which contribute to the pathogenesis of insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction and the resultant development of diabetes. However, the role of CS in β-cells and its effect on the development of diabetes remain unknown. Here, we determined the physiological function of CS in pancreatic β-cell homeostasis. Materials and Methods: Blood CS levels in streptozotocin (STZ)- or high-fat diet-induced diabetic mice and patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes were determined by LC-MS/MS. The impact of CS on β-cell mass and insulin secretion was investigated in vitro in isolated mouse islets and the β-cell line INS-1 and in vivo in STZ-induced diabetic mice. The molecular mechanism of CS was explored by viability assay, EdU incorporation analysis, flow cytometry, intracellular Ca2+ influx analysis, mitochondrial membrane potential and cellular ROS assays, and metabolism assay kits. Results: Plasma CS levels in mice and humans were significantly elevated under diabetic conditions. CS attenuated diabetes in a low-dose STZ-induced mouse model. Mechanistically, CS promoted β-cell proliferation and protected β-cells against apoptosis under stressful conditions, which in turn preserved β-cell mass. In addition, CS supported glucose transporter-2 (GLUT2) expression and mitochondrial integrity, which then resulted in a less reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and an increase in ATP production, thereby enabling insulin secretion machinery in the islets to function adequately. Conclusion: This study revealed a novel dual role of CS in integrating β-cell survival and cell function, suggesting that CS might offer a physiologic approach to preserve β-cells and protect against the development of diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueping Zhang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Deng
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Daxin Cui
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yin Liu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Siyuan He
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaorui Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Provincial Peoples Hospital Jinniu Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoqian Yu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shanshan Yang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yulong Chen
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiguang Su
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Zhiguang Su,
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
PI3K and AKT at the Interface of Signaling and Metabolism. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2022; 436:311-336. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-06566-8_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
30
|
Aggarwal R, Peng Z, Zeng N, Silva J, He L, Chen J, Debebe A, Tu T, Alba M, Chen CY, Stiles EX, Hong H, Stiles BL. Chronic Exposure to Palmitic Acid Down-Regulates AKT in Beta-Cells through Activation of mTOR. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2022; 192:130-145. [PMID: 34619135 PMCID: PMC8759041 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
High circulating lipids occurring in obese individuals and insulin-resistant patients are considered a contributing factor to type 2 diabetes. Exposure to high lipid concentration is proposed to both protect and damage beta-cells under different circumstances. Here, by feeding mice a high-fat diet (HFD) for 2 weeks to up to 14 months, the study showed that HFD initially causes the beta-cells to expand in population, whereas long-term exposure to HFD is associated with failure of beta-cells and the inability of animals to respond to glucose challenge. To prevent the failure of beta-cells and the development of type 2 diabetes, the molecular mechanisms that underlie this biphasic response of beta-cells to lipid exposure were explored. Using palmitic acid (PA) in cultured beta-cells and islets, the study demonstrated that chronic exposure to lipids leads to reduced viability and inhibition of cell cycle progression concurrent with down-regulation of a pro-growth/survival kinase AKT, independent of glucose. This AKT down-regulation by PA is correlated with the induction of mTOR/S6K activity. Inhibiting mTOR activity with rapamycin induced Raptor and restored AKT activity, allowing beta-cells to gain proliferation capacity that was lost after HFD exposure. In summary, a novel mechanism in which lipid exposure may cause the dipole effects on beta-cell growth was elucidated, where mTOR acts as a lipid sensor. These mechanisms can be novel targets for future therapeutic developments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richa Aggarwal
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Zhechu Peng
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Ni Zeng
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Joshua Silva
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Lina He
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jingyu Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Anketse Debebe
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Taojian Tu
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mario Alba
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Chien-Yu Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Eileen X. Stiles
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Handan Hong
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Bangyan L. Stiles
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California,Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California,Address correspondence to Bangyan L. Stiles, Ph.D., Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Tang Y, Su H, Wang H, Lu F, Nie K, Wang Z, Huang W, Dong H. The effect and mechanism of Jiao-tai-wan in the treatment of diabetes mellitus with depression based on network pharmacology and experimental analysis. Mol Med 2021; 27:154. [PMID: 34875999 PMCID: PMC8650382 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00414-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and depression is increasing year by year around the world, bringing a serious burden to patients and their families. Jiao-tai-wan (JTW), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has been approved to have hypoglycemic and antidepressant effects, respectively, but whether JTW has such dual effects and its potential mechanisms is still unknown. This study is to evaluate the dual therapeutic effects of JTW on chronic restraint stress (CRS)-induced DM combined with depression mice, and to explore the underlying mechanisms through network pharmacology. METHODS CRS was used on db/db mice for 21 days to induce depression-like behaviors, so as to obtain the DM combined with depression mouse model. Mice were treated with 0.9% saline (0.1 ml/10 g), JTW (3.2 mg/kg) and Fluoxetine (2.0 mg/kg), respectively. The effect of JTW was accessed by measuring fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels, conducting behavioral tests and observing histopathological change. The ELISA assay was used to evaluate the levels of inflammatory cytokines and the UHPLC-MS/MS method was used to determine the depression-related neurotransmitters levels in serum. The mechanism exploration of JTW against DM and depression were performed via a network pharmacological method. RESULTS The results of blood glucose measurement showed that JTW has a therapeutic effect on db/db mice. Behavioral tests and the levels of depression-related neurotransmitters proved that JTW can effectively ameliorate depression-like symptoms in mice induced by CRS. In addition, JTW can also improve the inflammatory state and reduce the number of apoptotic cells in the hippocampus. According to network pharmacology, 28 active compounds and 484 corresponding targets of JTW, 1407 DM targets and 1842 depression targets were collected by screening the databases, and a total of 117 targets were obtained after taking the intersection. JTW plays a role in reducing blood glucose level and antidepressant mainly through active compounds such as quercetin, styrene, cinnamic acid, ethyl cinnamate, (R)-Canadine, palmatine and berberine, etc., the key targets of its therapeutic effect include INS, AKT1, IL-6, VEGF-A, TNF and so on, mainly involved in HIF-1 signal pathway, pathways in cancer, Hepatitis B, TNF signal pathway, PI3K-Akt signal pathway and MAPK signaling pathway, etc. CONCLUSION: Our experimental study showed that JTW has hypoglycemic and antidepressant effects. The possible mechanism was explored by network pharmacology, reflecting the characteristics of multi-component, multi-target and multi-pathway, which provides a theoretical basis for the experimental research and clinical application of JTW in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yueheng Tang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Hao Su
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Hongzhan Wang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Fuer Lu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Kexin Nie
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Wenya Huang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Hui Dong
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Camaya I, Mok TY, Lund M, To J, Braidy N, Robinson MW, Santos J, O'Brien B, Donnelly S. The parasite-derived peptide FhHDM-1 activates the PI3K/Akt pathway to prevent cytokine-induced apoptosis of β-cells. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 99:1605-1621. [PMID: 34374810 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02122-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterised by the destruction of the insulin-producing beta (β)-cells within the pancreatic islets. We have previously identified a novel parasite-derived molecule, termed Fasciola hepatica helminth defence molecule 1 (FhHDM-1), that prevents T1D development in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. In this study, proteomic analyses of pancreas tissue from NOD mice suggested that FhHDM-1 activated the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway, which is associated with β-cell metabolism, survival and proliferation. Consistent with this finding, FhHDM-1 preserved β-cell mass in NOD mice. Examination of the biodistribution of FhHDM-1 after intraperitoneal administration in NOD mice revealed that the parasite peptide localised to the pancreas, suggesting that it exerted a direct effect on the survival/function of β-cells. This was confirmed in vitro, as the interaction of FhHDM-1 with the NOD-derived β-cell line, NIT-1, resulted in increased levels of phosphorylated Akt, increased NADH and NADPH and reduced activity of the NAD-dependent DNA nick sensor, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP-1). As a consequence, β-cell survival was enhanced and apoptosis was prevented in the presence of the pro-inflammatory cytokines that destroy β-cells during T1D pathogenesis. Similarly, FhHDM-1 protected primary human islets from cytokine-induced apoptosis. Importantly, while FhHDM-1 promoted β-cell survival, it did not induce proliferation. Collectively, these data indicate that FhHDM-1 has significant therapeutic applications to promote β-cell survival, which is required for T1D and T2D prevention and islet transplantation. KEY MESSAGES: FhHDM-1 preserves β-cell mass in NOD mice and prevents the development of T1D. FhHDM-1 enhances phosphorylation of Akt in mouse β-cell lines. FhHDM-1 increases levels of NADH/NADPH in mouse β-cell lines in vitro. FhHDM-1 prevents cytokine-induced cell death of mouse β-cell lines and primary human β-cells in vitro via activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inah Camaya
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, the University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Tsz Y Mok
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, the University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Maria Lund
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, the University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Joyce To
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, the University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Nady Braidy
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Randwick, Australia
| | - Mark W Robinson
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Jerran Santos
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, the University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Bronwyn O'Brien
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, the University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Sheila Donnelly
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, the University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Yang WW, Yang L, Lu HZ, Sun YK. Long-term survival of a patient with pancreatic cancer and lung metastasis: A case report and review of literature. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:9134-9143. [PMID: 34786397 PMCID: PMC8567503 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i30.9134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death, given its poor prognosis and the limited benefits of traditional therapies. As tumors become more genetically disorganized as they progress, genetic mutations might become new markers for us to predict their behavior. Nowadays, many inhibitors can selectively target gene products as a form of targeted therapy, with some showing promise as treatment for various types of cancer.
CASE SUMMARY We describe a rare case of a PC patient with long-term survival of more than 8 yr. The patient was diagnosed with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) with BAP1 and PIK3CA gene mutations and Raf1 fusion and achieved partial response twice after treatment with apatinib in combination with chemotherapy.
CONCLUSION BAP1, PIK3CA mutations, and Raf1 fusion are rare in PDAC. Patients with these three gene alterations of PDAC may achieve long-term survival with apatinib. Further research in other contexts is needed to determine whether apatinib has ideal efficacy for PC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Wei Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Hai-Zhen Lu
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yong-Kun Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Xu F, Wang X, Wei X, Chen T, Wu H. Explore the active ingredients and mechanisms in Musa basjoo pseudostem juice against diabetes based on animal experiment, gas chromatography-mass spectrometer and network pharmacology. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2021; 25:1756-1766. [PMID: 34455960 DOI: 10.2174/1386207324666210827112233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Musa basjoo pseudostem juice (MBSJ) is a well-known Chinese medicine, and Miao people use MBSJ to treat diabetes. In this work, the active ingredients and molecular mechanism of MBSJ against diabetes were explored. METHODS Anti-diabetic activity of MBSJ was evaluated using diabetic rats, and then the ingredients in the small-polar parts of MBSJ were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). Targets were obtained from several databases to develop the "ingredient-target-disease" network by Cytoscape. A collaborative analysis was carried out using the tools in Cytoscape and R packages, and molecular docking was also performed. RESULTS MBSJ improved the oral glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance, and reduced fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein levels in the serum of diabetic rats. 13 potential compounds were identified by GC-MS for subsequent analysis, including Dibutyl phthalate, Oleamide, Stigmasterol, Stigmast-4-en-3-one, etc. The anti-diabetic effect of MBSJ was related to multiple signaling pathways, including Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, Phospholipase D signaling pathway, Endocrine resistance, Rap1 signaling pathway, EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance, etc. Molecular docking at least partially verified the screening results of network pharmacology. CONCLUSION MBSJ had good anti-diabetic activity. The small-polar parts of MBSJ were rich in anti-diabetic active ingredients. Furthermore, the analysis results showed that the anti-diabetic effect of the small-polar parts of MBSJ may be the result of multiple components, multiple targets, and multiple pathways. The current research results can provide important support for studying the active ingredients and exploring the underlying mechanism of MBSJ against diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025. China
| | - Xiangpei Wang
- College of National Medicine, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, 550025. China
| | - Xiujuan Wei
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025. China
| | - Teng Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025. China
| | - Hongmei Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025. China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Altman MK, Schaub CM, Dadi PK, Dickerson MT, Zaborska KE, Nakhe AY, Graff SM, Galletta TJ, Amarnath G, Thorson AS, Gu G, Jacobson DA. TRPM7 is a crucial regulator of pancreatic endocrine development and high-fat-diet-induced β-cell proliferation. Development 2021; 148:271182. [PMID: 34345920 DOI: 10.1242/dev.194928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The melastatin subfamily of the transient receptor potential channels (TRPM) are regulators of pancreatic β-cell function. TRPM7 is the most abundant islet TRPM channel; however, the role of TRPM7 in β-cell function has not been determined. Here, we used various spatiotemporal transgenic mouse models to investigate how TRPM7 knockout influences pancreatic endocrine development, proliferation and function. Ablation of TRPM7 within pancreatic progenitors reduced pancreatic size, and α-cell and β-cell mass. This resulted in modestly impaired glucose tolerance. However, TRPM7 ablation following endocrine specification or in adult mice did not impact endocrine expansion or glucose tolerance. As TRPM7 regulates cell proliferation, we assessed how TRPM7 influences β-cell hyperplasia under insulin-resistant conditions. β-Cell proliferation induced by high-fat diet was significantly decreased in TRPM7-deficient β-cells. The endocrine roles of TRPM7 may be influenced by cation flux through the channel, and indeed we found that TRPM7 ablation altered β-cell Mg2+ and reduced the magnitude of elevation in β-cell Mg2+ during proliferation. Together, these findings revealed that TRPM7 controls pancreatic development and β-cell proliferation, which is likely due to regulation of Mg2+ homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Molly K Altman
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, 7425B MRB IV, 2213 Garland Ave., Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Charles M Schaub
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, 7425B MRB IV, 2213 Garland Ave., Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Prasanna K Dadi
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, 7425B MRB IV, 2213 Garland Ave., Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Matthew T Dickerson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, 7425B MRB IV, 2213 Garland Ave., Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Karolina E Zaborska
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, 7425B MRB IV, 2213 Garland Ave., Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Arya Y Nakhe
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, 7425B MRB IV, 2213 Garland Ave., Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Sarah M Graff
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, 7425B MRB IV, 2213 Garland Ave., Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Thomas J Galletta
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, 7425B MRB IV, 2213 Garland Ave., Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Gautami Amarnath
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, 7425B MRB IV, 2213 Garland Ave., Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Molecular Neurophysiology, Institute of Applied Physiology, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Ariel S Thorson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, 7425B MRB IV, 2213 Garland Ave., Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Guoqiang Gu
- Vanderbilt Program in Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt Center for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - David A Jacobson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, 7425B MRB IV, 2213 Garland Ave., Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Lupse B, Annamalai K, Ibrahim H, Kaur S, Geravandi S, Sarma B, Pal A, Awal S, Joshi A, Rafizadeh S, Madduri MK, Khazaei M, Liu H, Yuan T, He W, Gorrepati KDD, Azizi Z, Qi Q, Ye K, Oberholzer J, Maedler K, Ardestani A. Inhibition of PHLPP1/2 phosphatases rescues pancreatic β-cells in diabetes. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109490. [PMID: 34348155 PMCID: PMC8421018 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cell failure is the key pathogenic element of the complex metabolic deterioration in type 2 diabetes (T2D); its underlying pathomechanism is still elusive. Here, we identify pleckstrin homology domain leucine-rich repeat protein phosphatases 1 and 2 (PHLPP1/2) as phosphatases whose upregulation leads to β-cell failure in diabetes. PHLPP levels are highly elevated in metabolically stressed human and rodent diabetic β-cells. Sustained hyper-activation of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is the primary mechanism of the PHLPP upregulation linking chronic metabolic stress to ultimate β-cell death. PHLPPs directly dephosphorylate and regulate activities of β-cell survival-dependent kinases AKT and MST1, constituting a regulatory triangle loop to control β-cell apoptosis. Genetic inhibition of PHLPPs markedly improves β-cell survival and function in experimental models of diabetes in vitro, in vivo, and in primary human T2D islets. Our study presents PHLPPs as targets for functional regenerative therapy of pancreatic β cells in diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Blaz Lupse
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Karthika Annamalai
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Hazem Ibrahim
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Supreet Kaur
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Shirin Geravandi
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Bhavishya Sarma
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Anasua Pal
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Sushil Awal
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Arundhati Joshi
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Sahar Rafizadeh
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Murali Krishna Madduri
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Mona Khazaei
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Huan Liu
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Ting Yuan
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Wei He
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | | | - Zahra Azizi
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany; Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614535, Iran
| | - Qi Qi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Keqiang Ye
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jose Oberholzer
- Charles O. Strickler Transplant Center, University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Kathrin Maedler
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany.
| | - Amin Ardestani
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany; Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614535, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
An excessive and prolonged increase in glucose levels causes β-cell dysregulation, which is accompanied by impaired insulin synthesis and secretion, a condition known as glucotoxicity. Although it is known that both Lin28a and Lin28b regulate glucose metabolism, other molecular mechanisms that may protect against glucotoxicity are poorly understood. We investigated whether Lin28a overexpression can improve glucotoxicity-induced β-cell dysregulation in INS-1 and primary rat islet cells. INS-1, a rat insulinoma cell line was cultured and primary rat islet cells were isolated from SD-rats. To define the effect of Lin28a in chronic high glucose-induced β-cell dysregulation, we performed several in vitro and ex-vivo experiments. Chronic exposure to high glucose led to a downregulation of Lin28a mRNA and protein expression, followed by a decrease in insulin mRNA expression and secretion in β-cells. The mRNA and protein expression levels of PDX-1 and BETA2, were reduced; The levels of apoptotic factors, including c-caspase3 and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, were increased due to glucotoxicity. Adenovirus-mediated Lin28a overexpression in β-cells reversed the glucotoxicity-induced reduction of insulin secretion and insulin mRNA expression via regulation of β-cell-enriched transcription factors such as PDX-1 and BETA2. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of Lin28a downregulated the glucotoxicity-induced upregulation of c-caspase3 levels and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, while inhibition of endogenous Lin28a by small interfering RNA resulted in their up-regulation. Lin28a counteracted glucotoxicity-induced downregulation of p-Akt and p-mTOR. Our results suggest that Lin28a protects pancreatic β-cells from glucotoxicity through inhibition of apoptotic factors via the PI3 kinase/Akt/mTOR pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeo Jin Hwang
- Division of Electronics & Information System, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - Gwon-Soo Jung
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Korea
| | - WonBae Jeon
- Division of Biotechnology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - Kyeong-Min Lee
- Division of Biotechnology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu 42988, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Šrámek J, Němcová-Fürstová V, Kovář J. Molecular Mechanisms of Apoptosis Induction and Its Regulation by Fatty Acids in Pancreatic β-Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4285. [PMID: 33924206 PMCID: PMC8074590 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cell failure and death contribute significantly to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. One of the main factors responsible for β-cell dysfunction and subsequent cell death is chronic exposure to increased concentrations of FAs (fatty acids). The effect of FAs seems to depend particularly on the degree of their saturation. Saturated FAs induce apoptosis in pancreatic β-cells, whereas unsaturated FAs are well tolerated and are even capable of inhibiting the pro-apoptotic effect of saturated FAs. Molecular mechanisms of apoptosis induction by saturated FAs in β-cells are not completely elucidated. Saturated FAs induce ER stress, which in turn leads to activation of all ER stress pathways. When ER stress is severe or prolonged, apoptosis is induced. The main mediator seems to be the CHOP transcription factor. Via regulation of expression/activity of pro- and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members, and potentially also through the increase in ROS production, CHOP switches on the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis induction. ER stress signalling also possibly leads to autophagy signalling, which may activate caspase-8. Saturated FAs activate or inhibit various signalling pathways, i.e., p38 MAPK signalling, ERK signalling, ceramide signalling, Akt signalling and PKCδ signalling. This may lead to the activation of the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis, as well. Particularly, the inhibition of the pro-survival Akt signalling seems to play an important role. This inhibition may be mediated by multiple pathways (e.g., ER stress signalling, PKCδ and ceramide) and could also consequence in autophagy signalling. Experimental evidence indicates the involvement of certain miRNAs in mechanisms of FA-induced β-cell apoptosis, as well. In the rather rare situations when unsaturated FAs are also shown to be pro-apoptotic, the mechanisms mediating this effect in β-cells seem to be the same as for saturated FAs. To conclude, FA-induced apoptosis rather appears to be preceded by complex cross talks of multiple signalling pathways. Some of these pathways may be regulated by decreased membrane fluidity due to saturated FA incorporation. Few data are available concerning molecular mechanisms mediating the protective effect of unsaturated FAs on the effect of saturated FAs. It seems that the main possible mechanism represents a rather inhibitory intervention into saturated FA-induced pro-apoptotic signalling than activation of some pro-survival signalling pathway(s) or metabolic interference in β-cells. This inhibitory intervention may be due to an increase of membrane fluidity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Šrámek
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology & Center for Research of Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruská 87, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Vlasta Němcová-Fürstová
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology & Center for Research of Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruská 87, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Taki K, Takagi H, Hirose T, Sun R, Yaginuma H, Mizoguchi A, Kobayashi T, Sugiyama M, Tsunekawa T, Onoue T, Hagiwara D, Ito Y, Iwama S, Suga H, Banno R, Sakano D, Kume S, Arima H. Dietary sodium chloride attenuates increased β-cell mass to cause glucose intolerance in mice under a high-fat diet. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248065. [PMID: 33730054 PMCID: PMC7968668 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive sodium salt (NaCl) or fat intake is associated with a variety of increased health risks. However, whether excessive NaCl intake accompanied by a high-fat diet (HFD) affects glucose metabolism has not been elucidated. In this study, C57BL/6J male mice were fed a normal chow diet (NCD), a NCD plus high-NaCl diet (NCD plus NaCl), a HFD, or a HFD plus high-NaCl diet (HFD plus NaCl) for 30 weeks. No significant differences in body weight gain, insulin sensitivity, and glucose tolerance were observed between NCD-fed and NCD plus NaCl-fed mice. In contrast, body and liver weights were decreased, but the weight of epididymal white adipose tissue was increased in HFD plus NaCl-fed compared to HFD-fed mice. HFD plus NaCl-fed mice had lower plasma glucose levels in an insulin tolerance test, and showed higher plasma glucose and lower plasma insulin levels in an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test compared to HFD-fed mice. The β-cell area and number of islets were decreased in HFD plus NaCl-fed compared to HFD-fed mice. Increased Ki67-positive β-cells, and increased expression levels of Ki67, CyclinB1, and CyclinD1 mRNA in islets were observed in HFD-fed but not HFD plus NaCl-fed mice when compared to NCD-fed mice. Our data suggest that excessive NaCl intake accompanied by a HFD exacerbates glucose intolerance, with impairment in insulin secretion caused by the attenuation of expansion of β-cell mass in the pancreas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keigo Taki
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takagi
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Tomonori Hirose
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Runan Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yaginuma
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akira Mizoguchi
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kobayashi
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mariko Sugiyama
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Taku Tsunekawa
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takeshi Onoue
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hagiwara
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ito
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shintaro Iwama
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Suga
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Banno
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
- Research Center of Health, Physical Fitness and Sports, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sakano
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shoen Kume
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Arima
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Yang W, Sun Y. Promising Molecular Targets for the Targeted Therapy of Biliary Tract Cancers: An Overview. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:1341-1366. [PMID: 33658799 PMCID: PMC7920611 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s297643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Biliary tract cancer (BTC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death, due to the limited benefits of current systematic therapies and the heterogeneity of the tumor itself. High heterogeneity means that the clinical and molecular features vary between different subtypes of BTC, while the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Targeted therapy, where inhibitors are developed to selectively combine with targeted molecules in order to block abnormal signaling pathways in BTC, has shown promise as an emerging form of treatment for various types of cancer. In this article, a comprehensive review is conducted to examine potential molecular targets for BTC targeted therapy and their mechanisms. Furthermore, preliminary data published from clinical trials is utilized to analyze the main drugs used to combat BTC. The collective information presented in this article has provided useful insights into the current understanding of BTC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenwei Yang
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongkun Sun
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
|
42
|
Kang SM, Jung HS, Kwon MJ, Lee SH, Park JH. Testosterone Protects Pancreatic β-cells from Apoptosis and Stress-Induced Accelerated Senescence. World J Mens Health 2021; 39:724-732. [PMID: 33474846 PMCID: PMC8443983 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.200169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Androgens are steroid hormones that are very important in the sexual development and the maintenance of male reproductive system, and also have diverse actions in non-reproductive tissues, including potent antioxidant capacity. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is caused by tissue insulin resistance and insufficient insulin secretion from the pancreatic β-cells. The progressive decline of pancreatic β-cells in diabetes is closely related with the severity of disease. We wanted to know whether dihydrotestosterone (DHT) can protect insulin secreting pancreatic β-cells from apoptosis and accelerated senescence induced by oxidative stress. Materials and Methods Cultured INS-1 cells were used. Various concentrations of H2O2 were applied to exert oxidative stresses. The degrees of apoptosis, accelerated senescence, and the changes of the expressions of related signaling molecules after the application of DHT were analyzed by CCK-8, p16 expression, SA-β-Gal staining, reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions and Western blots. Results The application of H2O2 significantly increased (p<0.05) the degree of senescence and apoptosis of cultured INS-1 β-cells. DHT not only showed anti-oxidant protective capacity, but also significantly reduced (p<0.05) the degree of accelerated senescence. Conclusions DHT effectively protects pancreatic islet INS-1 β-cells from H2O2 induced oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seon Mee Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Korea.,Paik Institute for Clinical Research, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | - Hye Sook Jung
- Paik Institute for Clinical Research, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | - Min Jeong Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | - Soon Hee Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Korea.
| | - Jeong Hyun Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Korea.,Paik Institute for Clinical Research, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Chen J, Teng D, Wu Z, Li W, Feng Y, Tang Y, Liu G. Insights into the Molecular Mechanisms of Liuwei Dihuang Decoction via Network Pharmacology. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 34:91-102. [PMID: 33332098 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have been used to treat diseases over a long history, but it is still a great challenge to uncover the underlying mechanisms for their therapeutic effects due to the complexity of their ingredients. Based on a novel network pharmacology-based approach, we explored in this study the potential therapeutic targets of Liuwei Dihuang (LWDH) decoction in its neuroendocrine immunomodulation (NIM) function. We not only collected the known targets of the compounds in LWDH but also predicted the targets for these compounds using the balanced substructure-drug-target network-based inference (bSDTNBI), which is a target prediction method based on network inferring developed by our laboratory. A "target-(pathway)-target" (TPT) network, in which targets of LWDH were connected by relevant pathways, was constructed and divided into several separate modules with strong internal connections. Then the target module that contributes the most to NIM function was determined through a contribution scoring algorithm. Finally, the targets with the highest contribution score to NIM-related diseases in this target module were recommended as potential therapeutic targets of LWDH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Dan Teng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zengrui Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Weihua Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yuqian Feng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yun Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Guixia Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Wisp1 is a circulating factor that stimulates proliferation of adult mouse and human beta cells. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5982. [PMID: 33239617 PMCID: PMC7689468 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19657-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Expanding the mass of pancreatic insulin-producing beta cells through re-activation of beta cell replication has been proposed as a therapy to prevent or delay the appearance of diabetes. Pancreatic beta cells exhibit an age-dependent decrease in their proliferative activity, partly related to changes in the systemic environment. Here we report the identification of CCN4/Wisp1 as a circulating factor more abundant in pre-weaning than in adult mice. We show that Wisp1 promotes endogenous and transplanted adult beta cell proliferation in vivo. We validate these findings using isolated mouse and human islets and find that the beta cell trophic effect of Wisp1 is dependent on Akt signaling. In summary, our study reveals the role of Wisp1 as an inducer of beta cell replication, supporting the idea that the use of young blood factors may be a useful strategy to expand adult beta cell mass. The proliferation of pancreatic beta cells decreases with age, partly due to systemic changes. Here the authors identify Wisp1 as a circulating factor enriched in young serum that induces adult beta cell proliferation, supporting the idea that young blood factors may be useful to expand beta cell mass.
Collapse
|
45
|
Muresanu DF, Sharma A, Sahib S, Tian ZR, Feng L, Castellani RJ, Nozari A, Lafuente JV, Buzoianu AD, Sjöquist PO, Patnaik R, Wiklund L, Sharma HS. Diabetes exacerbates brain pathology following a focal blast brain injury: New role of a multimodal drug cerebrolysin and nanomedicine. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2020; 258:285-367. [PMID: 33223037 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Blast brain injury (bBI) is a combination of several forces of pressure, rotation, penetration of sharp objects and chemical exposure causing laceration, perforation and tissue losses in the brain. The bBI is quite prevalent in military personnel during combat operations. However, no suitable therapeutic strategies are available so far to minimize bBI pathology. Combat stress induces profound cardiovascular and endocrine dysfunction leading to psychosomatic disorders including diabetes mellitus (DM). This is still unclear whether brain pathology in bBI could exacerbate in DM. In present review influence of DM on pathophysiology of bBI is discussed based on our own investigations. In addition, treatment with cerebrolysin (a multimodal drug comprising neurotrophic factors and active peptide fragments) or H-290/51 (a chain-breaking antioxidant) using nanowired delivery of for superior neuroprotection on brain pathology in bBI in DM is explored. Our observations are the first to show that pathophysiology of bBI is exacerbated in DM and TiO2-nanowired delivery of cerebrolysin induces profound neuroprotection in bBI in DM, not reported earlier. The clinical significance of our findings with regard to military medicine is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dafin F Muresanu
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; "RoNeuro" Institute for Neurological Research and Diagnostic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Aruna Sharma
- International Experimental Central Nervous System Injury & Repair (IECNSIR), Department of Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Seaab Sahib
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Z Ryan Tian
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Lianyuan Feng
- Department of Neurology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Rudy J Castellani
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ala Nozari
- Anesthesiology & Intensive Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - José Vicente Lafuente
- LaNCE, Department of Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Anca D Buzoianu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Per-Ove Sjöquist
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ranjana Patnaik
- Department of Biomaterials, School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Lars Wiklund
- International Experimental Central Nervous System Injury & Repair (IECNSIR), Department of Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hari Shanker Sharma
- International Experimental Central Nervous System Injury & Repair (IECNSIR), Department of Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Untereiner A, Xu J, Bhattacharjee A, Cabrera O, Hu C, Dai FF, Wheeler MB. γ-aminobutyric acid stimulates β-cell proliferation through the mTORC1/p70S6K pathway, an effect amplified by Ly49, a novel γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor positive allosteric modulator. Diabetes Obes Metab 2020; 22:2021-2031. [PMID: 32558194 DOI: 10.1111/dom.14118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM To examine the mechanism of action of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on β-cell proliferation and investigate if co-treatment with Ly49, a novel GABA type A receptor positive allosteric modulator (GABAA -R PAM), amplifies this effect. METHODS Human or mouse islets were co-treated for 4-5 days with GABA and selected receptor or cell signalling pathway modulators. Immunofluorescence was used to determine protein co-localization, cell number or proliferation, and islet size. Osmotic minipumps were surgically implanted in mice to assess Ly49 effects on pancreatic β-cells. RESULTS Amplification of GABAA -R signalling enhanced GABA-stimulated β-cell proliferation in cultured mouse islets. Co-treatment of GABA with an inhibitor specific for PI3K, mTORC1/2, or p70S6K, abolished GABA-stimulated β-cell proliferation in mouse and human islets. Nuclear p-AktSer473 and p-p70S6KThr421/Ser424 expression in pancreatic β-cells was increased in GABA-treated mice compared with vehicle-treated mice, an effect augmented with GABA and Ly49 co-treatment. Mice co-treated with GABA and Ly49 exhibited enhanced β-cell area and proliferation compared with GABA-treated mice. Furthermore, S961 injection (an insulin receptor antagonist) resulted in enhanced plasma insulin in GABA and Ly49 co-treated mice compared with GABA-treated mice. Importantly, GABA co-treated with Ly49 increased β-cell proliferation in human islets providing a potential application for human subjects. CONCLUSIONS We show that GABA stimulates β-cell proliferation via the PI3K/mTORC1/p70S6K pathway in both mouse and human islets. Furthermore, we show that Ly49 enhances the β-cell regenerative effects of GABA, showing potential in the intervention of diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Untereiner
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Alpana Bhattacharjee
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Over Cabrera
- Diabetes and Complications Research, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Cheng Hu
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Institute for Metabolic Disease, Fengxian Central Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feihan F Dai
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael B Wheeler
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Barrera M, Hiriart M, Cocho G, Villarreal C. Type 2 diabetes progression: A regulatory network approach. CHAOS (WOODBURY, N.Y.) 2020; 30:093132. [PMID: 33003944 DOI: 10.1063/5.0011125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In order to elucidate central elements underlying type 2 diabetes, we constructed a regulatory network model involving 37 components (molecules, receptors, processes, etc.) associated to signaling pathways of pancreatic beta-cells. In a first approximation, the network topology was described by Boolean rules whose interacting dynamics predicted stationary patterns broadly classified as health, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes stages. A subsequent approximation based on a continuous logic analysis allowed us to characterize the progression of the disease as transitions between these states associated to alterations of cell homeostasis due to exhaustion or exacerbation of specific regulatory signals. The method allowed the identification of key transcription factors involved in metabolic stress as essential for the progression of the disease. Integration of the present analysis with existent mathematical models designed to yield accurate account of experimental data in human or animal essays leads to reliable predictions for beta-cell mass, insulinemia, glycemia, and glycosylated hemoglobin in diabetic fatty rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Barrera
- Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - M Hiriart
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - G Cocho
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - C Villarreal
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Mateus Gonçalves L, Pereira E, Werneck de Castro JP, Bernal-Mizrachi E, Almaça J. Islet pericytes convert into profibrotic myofibroblasts in a mouse model of islet vascular fibrosis. Diabetologia 2020; 63:1564-1575. [PMID: 32424539 PMCID: PMC7354906 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-020-05168-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Islet vascular fibrosis may play an important role in the progression of type 2 diabetes, but there are no mouse models allowing detailed mechanistic studies to understand how a dysfunctional islet microvasculature contributes to diabetes pathogenesis. Here we report that the transgenic AktTg mouse, unlike other mouse strains, shows an increased deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in perivascular regions, allowing us to study the cellular mechanisms that lead to islet vascular fibrosis. METHODS Using immunohistochemistry, we labelled the islet microvasculature and ECM in pancreas sections of AktTg mice and human donors and performed lineage tracing to follow the fate of islet pericytes. We compared islet microvascular responses in living pancreas slices from wild-type and AktTg mice. RESULTS We found that vascular pericytes proliferate extensively, convert into profibrotic myofibroblasts and substantially contribute to vascular fibrosis in the AktTg mouse model. The increased deposition of collagen I, fibronectin and periostin within the islet is associated with diminished islet perfusion as well as impaired capillary responses to noradrenaline (norepinephrine) and to high glucose in living pancreas slices. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our study thus illustrates how the AktTg mouse serves to elucidate a cellular mechanism in the development of islet vascular fibrosis, namely a change in pericyte phenotype that leads to vascular dysfunction. Because beta cells in the AktTg mouse are more numerous and larger, and secrete more insulin, in future studies we will test the role beta cell secretory products play in determining the phenotype of pericytes and other cells residing in the islet microenvironment under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Graphical abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Mateus Gonçalves
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Pereira
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - João Pedro Werneck de Castro
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Ernesto Bernal-Mizrachi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- Miami VA Health Care System, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Joana Almaça
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Nguyen LD, Fischer TT, Abreu D, Arroyo A, Urano F, Ehrlich BE. Calpain inhibitor and ibudilast rescue β cell functions in a cellular model of Wolfram syndrome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:17389-17398. [PMID: 32632005 PMCID: PMC7382278 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2007136117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Wolfram syndrome is a rare multisystem disease characterized by childhood-onset diabetes mellitus and progressive neurodegeneration. Most cases are attributed to pathogenic variants in a single gene, Wolfram syndrome 1 (WFS1). There currently is no disease-modifying treatment for Wolfram syndrome, as the molecular consequences of the loss of WFS1 remain elusive. Because diabetes mellitus is the first diagnosed symptom of Wolfram syndrome, we aimed to further examine the functions of WFS1 in pancreatic β cells in the context of hyperglycemia. Knockout (KO) of WFS1 in rat insulinoma (INS1) cells impaired calcium homeostasis and protein kinase B/Akt signaling and, subsequently, decreased cell viability and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Targeting calcium homeostasis with reexpression of WFS1, overexpression of WFS1's interacting partner neuronal calcium sensor-1 (NCS1), or treatment with calpain inhibitor and ibudilast reversed deficits observed in WFS1-KO cells. Collectively, our findings provide insight into the disease mechanism of Wolfram syndrome and highlight new targets and drug candidates to facilitate the development of a treatment for this disorder and similar diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lien D Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Tom T Fischer
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Heidelberg, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Damien Abreu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Alfredo Arroyo
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Fumihiko Urano
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Barbara E Ehrlich
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520;
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Møldrup A, Lindberg MN, Galsgaard ED, Henriksen U, Dalgaard LT, Nielsen JH. Regulation of integrin α6A by lactogenic hormones in rat pancreatic β-cells: Implications for the physiological adaptation to pregnancy. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2020; 229:e13454. [PMID: 32056357 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM During pregnancy, the maternal β-cell mass is increased in order to adapt to the physiological changes in insulin demand. Lactogenic hormones stimulate rodent β-cell attachment and proliferation in vitro. The aim of this study was to identify adhesion molecules involved in expansion of the β-cell mass during pregnancy in the rat. METHODS Quantitative RT-PCR was used to evaluate the expression of several integrins and laminins in isolated neonatal rat islets in response to growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) treatment. Double-immunofluorescence staining of rat pancreas was used to localize the expression of integrin α6β1. β-cell proliferation was evaluated by incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU). The role of STAT5 phosphorylation was tested by addition of STAT5 mutants. RESULTS We found that the mRNA level of integrin-α6A, was upregulated 2.5-fold by PRL or GH. During pregnancy, a biphasic 3.4-4.5-fold increase of integrin-α6A and B mRNA levels was detected. A disintegrin peptide (DP) reduced the hormone-stimulated mitotic activity in neonatal rat β-cells from 2.9 ± 0.4-fold to 1.3 ± 0.3-fold. The hormone-induced expression of α6β1 integrin was shown to be mediated via STAT5 as a dominant negative (DN) mutant prevented and a constitutive active (CA) mutant augmented the hGH-stimulated expression. The DP was found to inhibit hGH-induced transactivation of the PRL receptor promoter 1A and reduce the hGH-induced phosphorylation of STAT5. CONCLUSION These results show that integrin-α6 in β-cells is upregulated by lactogenic hormones and is required but not sufficient for the expansion of the β-cell mass in pregnancy in the rat, which may have implications for the understanding and treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ulrik Henriksen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Louise T. Dalgaard
- Department of Science and Environment Roskilde University Roskilde Denmark
| | | |
Collapse
|