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Won T, Song EJ, Kalinoski HM, Moslehi JJ, Čiháková D. Autoimmune Myocarditis, Old Dogs and New Tricks. Circ Res 2024; 134:1767-1790. [PMID: 38843292 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.124.323816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Autoimmunity significantly contributes to the pathogenesis of myocarditis, underscored by its increased frequency in autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus and polymyositis. Even in cases of myocarditis caused by viral infections, dysregulated immune responses contribute to pathogenesis. However, whether triggered by existing autoimmune conditions or viral infections, the precise antigens and immunologic pathways driving myocarditis remain incompletely understood. The emergence of myocarditis associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, commonly used for treating cancer, has afforded an opportunity to understand autoimmune mechanisms in myocarditis, with autoreactive T cells specific for cardiac myosin playing a pivotal role. Despite their self-antigen recognition, cardiac myosin-specific T cells can be present in healthy individuals due to bypassing the thymic selection stage. In recent studies, novel modalities in suppressing the activity of pathogenic T cells including cardiac myosin-specific T cells have proven effective in treating autoimmune myocarditis. This review offers an overview of the current understanding of heart antigens, autoantibodies, and immune cells as the autoimmune mechanisms underlying various forms of myocarditis, along with the latest updates on clinical management and prospects for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taejoon Won
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (T.W.)
| | - Evelyn J Song
- Section of Cardio-Oncology and Immunology, Division of Cardiology and the Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco (E.J.S., J.J.M.)
| | - Hannah M Kalinoski
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD (H.M.K., D.Č)
| | - Javid J Moslehi
- Section of Cardio-Oncology and Immunology, Division of Cardiology and the Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco (E.J.S., J.J.M.)
| | - Daniela Čiháková
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD (H.M.K., D.Č)
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (D.Č)
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2
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Tkacz K, Rolski F, Stefańska M, Węglarczyk K, Szatanek R, Siedlar M, Kania G, Błyszczuk P. TGF-β Signalling Regulates Cytokine Production in Inflammatory Cardiac Macrophages during Experimental Autoimmune Myocarditis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5579. [PMID: 38891767 PMCID: PMC11171962 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Myocarditis is characterized by an influx of inflammatory cells, predominantly of myeloid lineage. The progression of myocarditis to a dilated cardiomyopathy is markedly influenced by TGF-β signalling. Here, we investigate the role of TGF-β signalling in inflammatory cardiac macrophages in the development of myocarditis and post-inflammatory fibrosis. Experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) was induced in the LysM-Cre × R26-stop-EYFP × Tgfbr2-fl/fl transgenic mice showing impaired TGF-β signalling in the myeloid lineage and the LysM-Cre × R26-stop-EYFP control mice. In EAM, immunization led to acute myocarditis on day 21, followed by cardiac fibrosis on day 40. Both strains showed a similar severity of myocarditis and the extent of cardiac fibrosis. On day 21 of EAM, an increase in cardiac inflammatory macrophages was observed in both strains. These cells were sorted and analysed for differential gene expression using whole-genome transcriptomics. The analysis revealed activation and regulation of the inflammatory response, particularly the production of both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and cytokine receptors as TGF-β-dependent processes. The analysis of selected cytokines produced by bone marrow-derived macrophages confirmed their suppressed secretion. In conclusion, our findings highlight the regulatory role of TGF-β signalling in cytokine production within inflammatory cardiac macrophages during myocarditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Tkacz
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-663 Cracow, Poland (M.S.); (K.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Filip Rolski
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-663 Cracow, Poland (M.S.); (K.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Monika Stefańska
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-663 Cracow, Poland (M.S.); (K.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Kazimierz Węglarczyk
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-663 Cracow, Poland (M.S.); (K.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Rafał Szatanek
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-663 Cracow, Poland (M.S.); (K.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Maciej Siedlar
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-663 Cracow, Poland (M.S.); (K.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Gabriela Kania
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Przemysław Błyszczuk
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-663 Cracow, Poland (M.S.); (K.W.); (M.S.)
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
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3
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Chen Z, Zhu Y, Chen S, Li Z, Fu G, Wang Y. Immune patterns of cuproptosis in ischemic heart failure: A transcriptome analysis. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18187. [PMID: 38509725 PMCID: PMC10955177 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Cuproptosis is a recently discovered programmed cell death pattern that affects the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle by disrupting the lipoylation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex components. However, the role of cuproptosis in the progression of ischemic heart failure (IHF) has not been investigated. In this study, we investigated the expression of 10 cuproptosis-related genes in samples from both healthy individuals and those with IHF. Utilizing these differential gene expressions, we developed a risk prediction model that effectively distinguished healthy and IHF samples. Furthermore, we conducted a comprehensive evaluation of the association between cuproptosis and the immune microenvironment in IHF, encompassing infiltrated immunocytes, immune reaction gene-sets and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes. Moreover, we identified two different cuproptosis-mediated expression patterns in IHF and explored the immune characteristics associated with each pattern. In conclusion, this study elucidates the significant influence of cuproptosis on the immune microenvironment in ischemic heart failure (IHF), providing valuable insights for future mechanistic research exploring the association between cuproptosis and IHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhebin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalSchool of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouPeople's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yunhui Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalSchool of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouPeople's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Songzan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalSchool of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouPeople's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Zhengwei Li
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalSchool of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouPeople's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Guosheng Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalSchool of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouPeople's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalSchool of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouPeople's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouPeople's Republic of China
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4
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Musigk N, Suwalski P, Golpour A, Fairweather D, Klingel K, Martin P, Frustaci A, Cooper LT, Lüscher TF, Landmesser U, Heidecker B. The inflammatory spectrum of cardiomyopathies. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1251780. [PMID: 38464847 PMCID: PMC10921946 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1251780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Infiltration of the myocardium with various cell types, cytokines and chemokines plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of cardiomyopathies including inflammatory cardiomyopathies and myocarditis. A more comprehensive understanding of the precise immune mechanisms involved in acute and chronic myocarditis is essential to develop novel therapeutic approaches. This review offers a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge of the immune landscape in cardiomyopathies based on etiology. It identifies gaps in our knowledge about cardiac inflammation and emphasizes the need for new translational approaches to improve our understanding thus enabling development of novel early detection methods and more effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Musigk
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Phillip Suwalski
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ainoosh Golpour
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - DeLisa Fairweather
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Karin Klingel
- Cardiopathology Institute for Pathology, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Pilar Martin
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBER-CV, ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Leslie T. Cooper
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Thomas F. Lüscher
- GZO-Zurich Regional Health Centre, Wetzikon & Cardioimmunology, Centre for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals and National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ulf Landmesser
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bettina Heidecker
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Berlin, Germany
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5
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Zhang J, Cheng L, Li Z, Li H, Liu Y, Zhan H, Xu H, Huang Y, Feng F, Li Y. Immune cells and related cytokines in dilated cardiomyopathy. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116159. [PMID: 38242041 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a non-ischemic cardiomyopathy involving one or more underlying etiologies. It is characterized by structural and functional dysfunction of the myocardium, potentially leading to fibrosis and ventricular remodeling, and an elevated risk of heart failure (HF). Although the pathogenesis of DCM remains unknown, compelling evidence suggests that DCM-triggered immune cells and inflammatory cascades play a crucial role in the occurrence and development of DCM. Various factors are linked to myocardial damage, inducing aberrant activation of the immune system and sustained inflammatory responses in DCM. The investigation of the immunopathogenesis of DCM also contributes to discovering new biomarkers and therapeutic targets. This review examines the roles of immune cells and related cytokines in DCM pathogenesis and explores immunotherapy strategies in DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingdi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Linlin Cheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haolong Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haoting Zhan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Honglin Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Futai Feng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yongzhe Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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6
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Huang Y, Huang X, Wei Z, Dong J, Lu J, Tang Q, Lu F, Cen Z, Wu W. CD4 +T EM cells drive the progression from acute myocarditis to dilated cardiomyopathy in CVB3-induced BALB/c mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 127:111304. [PMID: 38091826 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Acute viral myocarditis can progress to chronic myocarditis leading to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Persistent CD4+ T-cell-mediated autoimmunity triggered by infection plays a critical role in this progression. Increasing evidence demonstrates that effector memory CD4+T (CD4+TEM) cells, a subset of memory CD4+ T cells, are crucial pathogenic mediators of many autoimmune diseases. However, the role of CD4+TEM cells during the progression from acute viral myocarditis to DCM remains unknown. In this study, we observed an increase in CD4+TEM cells both in the periphery and the heart, and memory CD4+ T cells were the predominant sources of IL-17A and IFN-γ among inflamed heart-infiltrating CD4+ T cells during the progression from acute myocarditis to chronic myocarditis and DCM in CVB3-induced BALB/c mice. Moreover, splenic CD4+TEM cells sorted from DCM mice induced by CVB3 were found to respond to cardiac self-antigens ex vivo. Additionally, adoptive transfer experiments substantiated their pathogenic impact, inducing sustained myocardial inflammation, tissue fibrosis, cardiac injury, and impairment of cardiac systolic function in vivo. Our findings illustrate that long-lived CD4+TEM cells are important contributors to the progression from acute viral myocarditis into DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlan Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 6, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China
| | - Xiaojing Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 6, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China
| | - Zhe Wei
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 6, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China
| | - Jingwei Dong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 6, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 6, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China
| | - Quan Tang
- Cardiac Care Unit, The First People's Hospital of Nanning. Qixing Road 89, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China
| | - Feiyu Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 6, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China
| | - Zhihong Cen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 6, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China.
| | - Weifeng Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 6, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 22, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China.
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7
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Liu K, Han B. Role of immune cells in the pathogenesis of myocarditis. J Leukoc Biol 2024; 115:253-275. [PMID: 37949833 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocarditis is an inflammatory heart disease that mostly affects young people. Myocarditis involves a complex immune network; however, its detailed pathogenesis is currently unclear. The diversity and plasticity of immune cells, either in the peripheral blood or in the heart, have been partially revealed in a number of previous studies involving patients and several kinds of animal models with myocarditis. It is the complexity of immune cells, rather than one cell type that is the culprit. Thus, recognizing the individual intricacies within immune cells in the context of myocarditis pathogenesis and finding the key intersection of the immune network may help in the diagnosis and treatment of this condition. With the vast amount of cell data gained on myocarditis and the recent application of single-cell sequencing, we summarize the multiple functions of currently recognized key immune cells in the pathogenesis of myocarditis to provide an immune background for subsequent investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyu Liu
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Cheeloo Colledge of Medicine, No. 324 Jingwu Road, 250021, Jinan, China
| | - Bo Han
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Cheeloo Colledge of Medicine, No. 324 Jingwu Road, 250021, Jinan, China
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324 Jingwu Road, 250021, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Children' s Health and Disease office, No. 324 Jingwu Road, 250021, Jinan, China
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8
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Müller FS, Aherrahrou Z, Grasshoff H, Heidorn MW, Humrich JY, Johanson L, Aherrahrou R, Reinberger T, Schulz A, ten Cate V, Robles AP, Koeck T, Rapp S, Lange T, Brachaczek L, Luebber F, Erdmann J, Heidecke H, Schulze-Forster K, Dechend R, Lackner KJ, Pfeiffer N, Ghaemi Kerahrodi J, Tüscher O, Schwarting A, Strauch K, Münzel T, Prochaska JH, Riemekasten G, Wild PS. Autoantibodies against the chemokine receptor 3 predict cardiovascular risk. Eur Heart J 2023; 44:4935-4949. [PMID: 37941454 PMCID: PMC10719496 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Chronic inflammation and autoimmunity contribute to cardiovascular (CV) disease. Recently, autoantibodies (aAbs) against the CXC-motif-chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3), a G protein-coupled receptor with a key role in atherosclerosis, have been identified. The role of anti-CXCR3 aAbs for CV risk and disease is unclear. METHODS Anti-CXCR3 aAbs were quantified by a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 5000 participants (availability: 97.1%) of the population-based Gutenberg Health Study with extensive clinical phenotyping. Regression analyses were carried out to identify determinants of anti-CXCR3 aAbs and relevance for clinical outcome (i.e. all-cause mortality, cardiac death, heart failure, and major adverse cardiac events comprising incident coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death). Last, immunization with CXCR3 and passive transfer of aAbs were performed in ApoE(-/-) mice for preclinical validation. RESULTS The analysis sample included 4195 individuals (48% female, mean age 55.5 ± 11 years) after exclusion of individuals with autoimmune disease, immunomodulatory medication, acute infection, and history of cancer. Independent of age, sex, renal function, and traditional CV risk factors, increasing concentrations of anti-CXCR3 aAbs translated into higher intima-media thickness, left ventricular mass, and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide. Adjusted for age and sex, anti-CXCR3 aAbs above the 75th percentile predicted all-cause death [hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval) 1.25 (1.02, 1.52), P = .029], driven by excess cardiac mortality [HR 2.51 (1.21, 5.22), P = .014]. A trend towards a higher risk for major adverse cardiac events [HR 1.42 (1.0, 2.0), P = .05] along with increased risk of incident heart failure [HR per standard deviation increase of anti-CXCR3 aAbs: 1.26 (1.02, 1.56), P = .03] may contribute to this observation. Targeted proteomics revealed a molecular signature of anti-CXCR3 aAbs reflecting immune cell activation and cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions associated with an ongoing T helper cell 1 response. Finally, ApoE(-/-) mice immunized against CXCR3 displayed increased anti-CXCR3 aAbs and exhibited a higher burden of atherosclerosis compared to non-immunized controls, correlating with concentrations of anti-CXCR3 aAbs in the passive transfer model. CONCLUSIONS In individuals free of autoimmune disease, anti-CXCR3 aAbs were abundant, related to CV end-organ damage, and predicted all-cause death as well as cardiac morbidity and mortality in conjunction with the acceleration of experimental atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix S Müller
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Clinical Epidemiology and Systems Medicine, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site RhineMain, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Zouhair Aherrahrou
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hanna Grasshoff
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Marc W Heidorn
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Clinical Epidemiology and Systems Medicine, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site RhineMain, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jens Y Humrich
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Laurence Johanson
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Redouane Aherrahrou
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tobias Reinberger
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Andreas Schulz
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Clinical Epidemiology and Systems Medicine, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Vincent ten Cate
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Clinical Epidemiology and Systems Medicine, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site RhineMain, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz,Germany
| | - Alejandro Pallares Robles
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Clinical Epidemiology and Systems Medicine, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz,Germany
| | - Thomas Koeck
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Clinical Epidemiology and Systems Medicine, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site RhineMain, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Steffen Rapp
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Clinical Epidemiology and Systems Medicine, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site RhineMain, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Tanja Lange
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Center of Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Lukas Brachaczek
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Finn Luebber
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Social Neuroscience Lab, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jeanette Erdmann
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Harald Heidecke
- CellTrend Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung (GmbH), Luckenwalde, Germany
| | - Kai Schulze-Forster
- CellTrend Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung (GmbH), Luckenwalde, Germany
| | - Ralf Dechend
- CellTrend Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung (GmbH), Luckenwalde, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a cooperation of Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, HELIOS Klinikum Berlin Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karl J Lackner
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site RhineMain, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Norbert Pfeiffer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jasmin Ghaemi Kerahrodi
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Oliver Tüscher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute for Molecular Biology (IMB), Working Group Neurocognitive Mechanisms of Mental Resilience, Ackermannweg 4, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Schwarting
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Münzel
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site RhineMain, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz,Germany
| | - Jürgen H Prochaska
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Clinical Epidemiology and Systems Medicine, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site RhineMain, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz,Germany
| | - Gabriela Riemekasten
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Centre for Infection and Inflammation Lübeck (ZIEL), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Philipp S Wild
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Clinical Epidemiology and Systems Medicine, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site RhineMain, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz,Germany
- Institute for Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, Working Group Systems Medicine, Ackermannweg 4, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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9
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Saleh D, Jones RTL, Schroth SL, Thorp EB, Feinstein MJ. Emerging Roles for Dendritic Cells in Heart Failure. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1535. [PMID: 37892217 PMCID: PMC10605025 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The field of cardio-immunology has emerged from discoveries that define roles for innate and adaptive immune responses associated with myocardial inflammation and heart failure. Dendritic cells (DCs) comprise an important cellular compartment that contributes to systemic immune surveillance at the junction of innate and adaptive immunity. Once described as a singular immune subset, we now appreciate that DCs consist of a heterogeneous pool of subpopulations, each with distinct effector functions that can uniquely regulate the acute and chronic inflammatory response. Nevertheless, the cardiovascular-specific context involving DCs in negotiating the biological response to myocardial injury is not well understood. Herein, we review our current understanding of the role of DCs in cardiac inflammation and heart failure, including gaps in knowledge and clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danish Saleh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;
| | | | | | - Edward B. Thorp
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Matthew J. Feinstein
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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10
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Horiguchi H, Kadomatsu T, Yamashita T, Yumoto S, Terada K, Sato M, Morinaga J, Miyata K, Oike Y. ANGPTL2 promotes immune checkpoint inhibitor-related murine autoimmune myocarditis. Commun Biol 2023; 6:965. [PMID: 37736764 PMCID: PMC10517162 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05338-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) as cancer immunotherapy advances rapidly in the clinic. Despite their therapeutic benefits, ICIs can cause clinically significant immune-related adverse events (irAEs), including myocarditis. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms regulating irAE remain unclear. Here, we investigate the function of Angiopoietin-like protein 2 (ANGPTL2), a potential inflammatory mediator, in a mouse model of ICI-related autoimmune myocarditis. ANGPTL2 deficiency attenuates autoimmune inflammation in these mice, an outcome associated with decreased numbers of T cells and macrophages. We also show that cardiac fibroblasts express abundant ANGPTL2. Importantly, cardiac myofibroblast-derived ANGPTL2 enhances expression of chemoattractants via the NF-κB pathway, accelerating T cell recruitment into heart tissues. Our findings suggest an immunostimulatory function for ANGPTL2 in the context of ICI-related autoimmune inflammation and highlight the pathophysiological significance of ANGPTL2-mediated cardiac myofibroblast/immune cell crosstalk in enhancing autoimmune responses. These findings overall provide insight into mechanisms regulating irAEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruki Horiguchi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kadomatsu
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
- Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging (CMHA), Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
| | - Tomoya Yamashita
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Shinsei Yumoto
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Kazutoyo Terada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
- Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging (CMHA), Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Michio Sato
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Jun Morinaga
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Keishi Miyata
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
- Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging (CMHA), Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yuichi Oike
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
- Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging (CMHA), Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
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11
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Su J, Guan B, Chen K, Feng Z, Guo K, Wang X, Xiao J, Chen S, Chen W, Chen L, Chen Q. Fucoxanthin Attenuates Inflammation via Interferon Regulatory Factor 3 (IRF3) to Improve Sepsis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:12497-12510. [PMID: 37560933 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Suppression of excessive inflammatory responses improves the survival of patients with sepsis. We previously illustrated the anti-inflammatory effects of fucoxanthin (FX), a natural carotenoid isolated from brown algae; nevertheless, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we examine the mechanism of the action of FX by targeting interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) to inhibit inflammatory response. We observed that FX regulated innate immunity by inhibiting IRF3 phosphorylation in vitro. The in silico approach demonstrated a good binding mode between FX and IRF3. To examine the in vivo effects of FX, a mouse model of sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) was created using both wild-type (WT) and Irf3-/- mice. FX significantly reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and reactive oxygen species production, changed the circulating immune cell composition, and increased the survival rate of the CLP-induced sepsis model. Overall, FX ameliorated sepsis by targeting IRF3 activation, providing novel insights into the therapeutic potential and molecular mechanism of action of FX in the treatment of sepsis and suggesting that it may be used clinically to improve the survival rate in mice undergoing sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqian Su
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Biyun Guan
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Kunsen Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Zhihua Feng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Kai Guo
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Jianbin Xiao
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Wenzhi Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Neurocritical Care, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
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12
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Wei H, Li T, Zhang Y, Liu X, Gong R, Bao J, Li J. Cold stimulation causes oxidative stress, inflammatory response and apoptosis in broiler heart via regulating Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB pathway. J Therm Biol 2023; 116:103658. [PMID: 37463527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2023.103658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effect of cold stimulation on heart, 300 1-day-old female broilers were divided into control (CON) and two cold stimulation (CS3 and CS9) groups. Birds in CON group were reared in normal ambient temperature during day 1-43; while birds in CS3 and CS9 groups were reared at 3 °C and 9 °C below CON group for 5 h at 1-day intervals from day 15 to day 35, respectively. Heart tissues were collected at day 22, 29, 36, and 43 to determine the indexes related to oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. The H&E staining displayed that inflammatory cell infiltration and myocardial fiber break were obviously observed in CS9 group, and cardiac pathological score in CS9 group was higher than CON and CS3 groups (P < 0.05) at day 22, 36, and 43. Overall, compared to CON group, the concentrations of MDA and H2O2 were elevated, the activities of SOD, CAT, GPx, and T-AOC were reduced, and mRNA expression of CAT, GPx, SOD, nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) was downregulated in CS9 group at each time-point (P < 0.05). Compared to CON group, mRNA expression of NF-κBp65, COX-2, iNOS, PTGEs, TNF-α, and IL-1β, and mRNA and protein expression of Bax, Bak, Cyt-c, caspase-3, and caspase-9 were increased, while Bcl-2 and Bcl-2/Bax ratio were decreased in CS9 group (P < 0.05) at the most detected time-points. There were no significant differences in the levels of indexes associated with oxidative stress, Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidant system, inflammation, and apoptosis between CON and CS3 groups at the most detected time-points (P > 0.05). Therefore, this study suggests that severe cold stimulation at 9 °C below normal rearing temperature induces cardiomyocyte inflammation and apoptosis by regulating Nrf2/HO-1 pathway-related oxidative stress in broilers, and mild cold stimulation of CS3 group can improve the adaptability of hearts to cold environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Wei
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 150030, Harbin, China
| | - Tingting Li
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 150030, Harbin, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 150030, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaotao Liu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 150030, Harbin, China
| | - Rixin Gong
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 150030, Harbin, China
| | - Jun Bao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, 150030, Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 150030, Harbin, China
| | - Jianhong Li
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 150030, Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 150030, Harbin, China.
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13
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Baumeier C, Harms D, Aleshcheva G, Gross U, Escher F, Schultheiss HP. Advancing Precision Medicine in Myocarditis: Current Status and Future Perspectives in Endomyocardial Biopsy-Based Diagnostics and Therapeutic Approaches. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5050. [PMID: 37568452 PMCID: PMC10419903 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12155050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis and specific and causal treatment of myocarditis and inflammatory cardiomyopathy remain a major clinical challenge. Despite the rapid development of new imaging techniques, endomyocardial biopsies remain the gold standard for accurate diagnosis of inflammatory myocardial disease. With the introduction and continued development of immunohistochemical inflammation diagnostics in combination with viral nucleic acid testing, myocarditis diagnostics have improved significantly since their introduction. Together with new technologies such as miRNA and gene expression profiling, quantification of specific immune cell markers, and determination of viral activity, diagnostic accuracy and patient prognosis will continue to improve in the future. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the pathogenesis and diagnosis of myocarditis and inflammatory cardiomyopathies and highlight future perspectives for more in-depth and specialized biopsy diagnostics and precision, personalized medicine approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Baumeier
- Institute of Cardiac Diagnostics and Therapy, IKDT GmbH, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (D.H.); (G.A.); (U.G.); (H.-P.S.)
| | - Dominik Harms
- Institute of Cardiac Diagnostics and Therapy, IKDT GmbH, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (D.H.); (G.A.); (U.G.); (H.-P.S.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ganna Aleshcheva
- Institute of Cardiac Diagnostics and Therapy, IKDT GmbH, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (D.H.); (G.A.); (U.G.); (H.-P.S.)
| | - Ulrich Gross
- Institute of Cardiac Diagnostics and Therapy, IKDT GmbH, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (D.H.); (G.A.); (U.G.); (H.-P.S.)
| | - Felicitas Escher
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Campus Virchow Klinikum, 13353 Berlin, Germany;
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - Heinz-Peter Schultheiss
- Institute of Cardiac Diagnostics and Therapy, IKDT GmbH, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (D.H.); (G.A.); (U.G.); (H.-P.S.)
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14
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Duan R, Ye K, Li Y, Sun Y, Zhu J, Ren J. Heart failure-related genes associated with oxidative stress and the immune landscape in lung cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1167446. [PMID: 37275875 PMCID: PMC10232804 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1167446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is a common comorbidity of heart failure (HF). The early identification of the risk factors for lung cancer in patients with HF is crucial to early diagnosis and prognosis. Furthermore, oxidative stress and immune responses are the two critical biological processes shared by HF and lung cancer. Therefore, our study aimed to select the core genes in HF and then investigate the potential mechanisms underlying HF and lung cancer, including oxidative stress and immune responses through the selected genes. Methods Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed for HF using datasets extracted from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Functional enrichment analysis was subsequently performed. Next, weighted gene co-expression network analysis was performed to select the core gene modules. Support vector machine models, the random forest method, and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm were applied to construct a multigene signature. The diagnostic values of the signature genes were measured using receiver operating characteristic curves. Functional analysis of the signature genes and immune landscape was performed using single-sample gene set enrichment analysis. Finally, the oxidative stress-related genes in these signature genes were identified and validated in vitro in lung cancer cell lines. Results The DEGs in the GSE57338 dataset were screened, and this dataset was then clustered into six modules using weighted gene co-expression network analysis; MEblue was significantly associated with HF (cor = -0.72, p < 0.001). Signature genes including extracellular matrix protein 2 (ECM2), methyltransferase-like 7B (METTL7B), meiosis-specific nuclear structural 1 (MNS1), and secreted frizzled-related protein 4 (SFRP4) were selected using support vector machine models, the LASSO algorithm, and the random forest method. The respective areas under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curves of ECM2, METTL7B, MNS1, and SFRP4 were 0.939, 0.854, 0.941, and 0.926, respectively. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis revealed significant differences in the immune landscape of the patients with HF and healthy subjects. Functional analysis also suggested that these signature genes may be involved in oxidative stress. In particular, METTL7B was highly expressed in lung cancer cell lines. Meanwhile, the correlation between METTL7B and oxidative stress was further verified using flow cytometry. Conclusion We identified that ECM2, METTL7B, MNS1, and SFRP4 exhibit remarkable diagnostic performance in patients with HF. Of note, METTL7B may be involved in the co-occurrence of HF and lung cancer by affecting the oxidative stress immune responses.
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15
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Abstract
Viral infections are a leading cause of myocarditis and pericarditis worldwide, conditions that frequently coexist. Myocarditis and pericarditis were some of the early comorbidities associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19. Many epidemiologic studies have been conducted since that time concluding that SARS-CoV-2 increased the incidence of myocarditis/pericarditis at least 15× over pre-COVID levels although the condition remains rare. The incidence of myocarditis pre-COVID was reported at 1 to 10 cases/100 000 individuals and with COVID ranging from 150 to 4000 cases/100 000 individuals. Before COVID-19, some vaccines were reported to cause myocarditis and pericarditis in rare cases, but the use of novel mRNA platforms led to a higher number of reported cases than with previous platforms providing new insight into potential pathogenic mechanisms. The incidence of COVID-19 vaccine-associated myocarditis/pericarditis covers a large range depending on the vaccine platform, age, and sex examined. Importantly, the findings highlight that myocarditis occurs predominantly in male patients aged 12 to 40 years regardless of whether the cause was due to a virus-like SARS-CoV-2 or associated with a vaccine-a demographic that has been reported before COVID-19. This review discusses findings from COVID-19 and COVID-19 vaccine-associated myocarditis and pericarditis considering the known symptoms, diagnosis, management, treatment, and pathogenesis of disease that has been gleaned from clinical research and animal models. Sex differences in the immune response to COVID-19 are discussed, and theories for how mRNA vaccines could lead to myocarditis/pericarditis are proposed. Additionally, gaps in our understanding that need further research are raised.
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Affiliation(s)
- DeLisa Fairweather
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (D.F., D.J.B., D.N.D., L.T.C.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD (D.F.,)
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (D.F., D.J.B., D.N.D.)
| | - Danielle J. Beetler
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (D.F., D.J.B., D.N.D., L.T.C.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (D.J.B., D.N.D.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (D.F., D.J.B., D.N.D.)
| | - Damian N. Di Florio
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (D.F., D.J.B., D.N.D., L.T.C.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (D.J.B., D.N.D.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (D.F., D.J.B., D.N.D.)
| | - Nicolas Musigk
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Berlin, Germany (N.M., B.H.)
| | | | - Leslie T. Cooper
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (D.F., D.J.B., D.N.D., L.T.C.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL
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16
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Nappi F, Avtaar Singh SS. SARS-CoV-2-Induced Myocarditis: A State-of-the-Art Review. Viruses 2023; 15:916. [PMID: 37112896 PMCID: PMC10145666 DOI: 10.3390/v15040916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, we investigated whether severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can directly cause myocarditis with severe myocardial damage induced by viral particles. A review of the major data published from 2020 to 2022 was performed by consulting the major databases alongside first-hand experiences that emerged from the cardiac biopsies and autopsy examinations of patients who died of SARS-CoV-2 infections. From this study, a significantly large amount of data suggests that the Dallas criteria were met in a residual percentage of patients, demonstrating that SARS-CoV-2 myocarditis was a rare clinical and pathological entity that occurred in a small percentage of subjects. All cases described here were highly selected and subjected to autopsies or endomyocardial biopsies (EMBs). The most important discovery, through the detection of the SARS-CoV-2 genome using the polymerase chain reaction, consisted in the presence of the viral genome in the lung tissue of most of the patients who died from COVID-19. However, the discovery of the SARS-CoV-2 viral genome was a rare event in cardiac tissue from autopsy findings of patients who died of myocarditis It is important to emphasize that myocardial inflammation alone, as promoted by macrophages and T cell infiltrations, can be observed in noninfectious deaths and COVID-19 cases, but the extent of each cause is varied, and in neither case have such findings been reported to support clinically relevant myocarditis. Therefore, in the different infected vs. non-infected samples examined, none of our findings provide a definitive histochemical assessment for the diagnosis of myocarditis in the majority of cases evaluated. We report evidence suggesting an extremely low frequency of viral myocarditis that has also been associated with unclear therapeutic implications. These two key factors strongly point towards the use of an endomyocardial biopsy to irrefutably reach a diagnosis of viral myocarditis in the context of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Nappi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Centre Cardiologique du Nord, 93200 Saint-Denis, France
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17
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Murakata Y, Yamagami F, Murakoshi N, Xu D, Song Z, Li S, Okabe Y, Aonuma K, Yuan Z, Mori H, Aonuma K, Tajiri K, Ieda M. Electrical, structural, and autonomic atrial remodeling underlies atrial fibrillation in inflammatory atrial cardiomyopathy. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 9:1075358. [PMID: 36741841 PMCID: PMC9892626 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1075358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is growing evidence indicating a close relationship between inflammation and atrial fibrillation (AF). Although underlying inflammatory atrial cardiomyopathy may contribute to the development of AF, the arrhythmogenic remodeling caused by atrial inflammation has not been elucidated in detail. Herein, we examined electrical, structural, and autonomic changes in the atria in a mouse model of autoimmune myocarditis. Methods BALB/c mice were immunized with cardiac myosin peptide (MyHC-α614-629) conjugated with complete Freund's adjuvant on days 0 and 7. Susceptibility to AF was assessed using right-atrial burst pacing. Results The mice immunized with MyHC-α614-629 showed an inflammatory atrial cardiomyopathy phenotype, with enlarged atria; a high degree of inflammatory cell infiltration primarily consisting of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, Ly6GlowCD11b+ macrophages, and CD11c+ dendritic cells; and severe interstitial fibrosis with collagen deposition. These mice demonstrated significantly enhanced susceptibility to AF, as indicated by their increased AF induction rate and duration. In addition, the expression of potassium channels (Kcnh2, Kcnd3, and Kcnj2) and calcium handling-associated genes (Cacna1c, Camk2, Ryr2, and Atp2a2) was downregulated. Connexin 40 expression was significantly downregulated, leading to frequent lateralization to the inflamed atrium. Sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation and neurotrophin expression (nerve growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor) were upregulated in the inflamed atria. Conclusion Inflammatory atrial cardiomyopathy promotes susceptibility to AF via arrhythmogenic electrical, structural, and autonomic remodeling of the atria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Murakata
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Fumi Yamagami
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Murakoshi
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - DongZhu Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Zhonghu Song
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Siqi Li
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yuta Okabe
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Aonuma
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - ZiXun Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Haruka Mori
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Aonuma
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kazuko Tajiri
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan,Department of Cardiology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan,*Correspondence: Kazuko Tajiri,
| | - Masaki Ieda
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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18
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Zhang Y, Wu J, Dong E, Wang Z, Xiao H. Toll-like receptors in cardiac hypertrophy. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1143583. [PMID: 37113698 PMCID: PMC10126280 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1143583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a family of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that can identify pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). TLRs play an important role in the innate immune response, leading to acute and chronic inflammation. Cardiac hypertrophy, an important cardiac remodeling phenotype during cardiovascular disease, contributes to the development of heart failure. In previous decades, many studies have reported that TLR-mediated inflammation was involved in the induction of myocardium hypertrophic remodeling, suggesting that targeting TLR signaling might be an effective strategy against pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Thus, it is necessary to study the mechanisms underlying TLR functions in cardiac hypertrophy. In this review, we summarized key findings of TLR signaling in cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Disease-Related Biomarkers, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Research Unit of Medical Science Research Management/Basic and Clinical Research of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jimin Wu
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Research Unit of Medical Science Research Management/Basic and Clinical Research of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Erdan Dong
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Research Unit of Medical Science Research Management/Basic and Clinical Research of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanli Wang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Disease-Related Biomarkers, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Correspondence: Zhanli Wang Han Xiao
| | - Han Xiao
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Research Unit of Medical Science Research Management/Basic and Clinical Research of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Correspondence: Zhanli Wang Han Xiao
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19
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Zhang R, Hao C, Ji Z, Qu Y, Zuo W, Yang M, Zuo P, Carvalho A, Ma G, Li Y. Upregulation of Biomarker Limd1 Was Correlated with Immune Infiltration in Doxorubicin-Related Cardiotoxicity. Mediators Inflamm 2023; 2023:8347759. [PMID: 37009626 PMCID: PMC10063360 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8347759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin is one of the most common antitumor drugs. However, cardiotoxicity's side effect limits its clinical applicability. In the present study, Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets were applied to reanalyze differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and construct weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) modules of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in wild-type mice. Several other bioinformatics analyses were performed to pick out the hub gene, and then the correlation between the hub gene and immune infiltration was evaluated. In total, 120 DEGs were discovered in a mouse model of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, and PF-04217903, propranolol, azithromycin, etc. were found to be potential drugs against this pathological condition. Among all the DEGs, 14 were further screened out by WGCNA modules, of which Limd1 was upregulated and finally regarded as the hub gene after being validated in other GEO datasets. Limd1 was upregulated in the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) of the rat model, and the area under curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) in diagnosing cardiotoxicity was 0.847. The GSEA and PPI networks revealed a potential immunocyte regulatory role of Limd1 in cardiotoxicity. The proportion of "dendritic cells activated" in the heart was significantly elevated, while "macrophage M1" and "monocytes" declined after in vivo doxorubicin application. Finally, Limd1 expression was significantly positively correlated with "dendritic cells activation' and negatively correlated with "monocytes" and "macrophages M1'. In summary, our results suggested that limd1 is a valuable biomarker and a potential inflammation regulator in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Hunan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China
| | - Chunshu Hao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Hunan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China
| | - Zhenjun Ji
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Hunan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China
| | - Yangyang Qu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Hunan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China
| | - Wenjie Zuo
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Hunan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China
| | - Mingming Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Hunan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China
| | - Pengfei Zuo
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Hunan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China
| | - Abdlay Carvalho
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Hunan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China
| | - Genshan Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Hunan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China
| | - Yongjun Li
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Hunan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China
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20
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Mohiddin SA, Guttmann O, Marelli‐Berg F. Vaccine-Triggered Acute Autoimmune Myocarditis: Defining, Detecting, and Managing an Apparently Novel Condition. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e026873. [PMID: 36285781 PMCID: PMC9673633 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.026873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saidi A. Mohiddin
- Barts Health NHS TrustLondonUK,Barts and the London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Oliver Guttmann
- Barts Health NHS TrustLondonUK,Institute of Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Federica Marelli‐Berg
- Barts and the London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
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21
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Xia G, Shi H, Su Y, Han B, Shen C, Gao S, Chen Z, Xu C. Photoactivated adenylyl cyclases attenuate sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy by suppressing macrophage-mediated inflammation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1008702. [PMID: 36330522 PMCID: PMC9624221 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1008702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-induced myocardiopathy, characterized by innate immune cells infiltration and proinflammatory cytokines release, may lead to perfusion failure or even life-threatening cardiogenic shock. Macrophages-mediated inflammation has been shown to contribute to sepsis-induced myocardiopathy. In the current study, we introduced two photoactivated adenylyl cyclases (PACs), Beggiatoa sp. PAC (bPAC) and Beggiatoa sp. IS2 PAC (biPAC) into macrophages by transfection to detect the effects of light-induced regulation of macrophage pro-inflammatory response and LPS-induced sepsis-induced myocardiopathy. By this method, we uncovered that blue light-induced bPAC or biPAC activation considerably inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1 and TNF-α, both at mRNA and protein levels. Further, we assembled a GelMA-Macrophages-LED system, which consists of GelMA—a type of light crosslink hydrogel, gene modulated macrophages and wireless LED device, to allow light to regulate cardiac inflammation in situ with murine models of LPS-induced sepsis. Our results showed significant inhibition of leukocytes infiltration, especially macrophages and neutrophils, suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines release, and alleviation of sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction. Thus, our study may represent an emerging means to treat sepsis-induced myocardiopathy and other cardiovascular diseases by photo-activated regulating macrophage function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofang Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyu Shi
- Wusong Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Su
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Beibei Han
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengxing Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiqiang Gao
- Institute of Physiology, Department of Neurophysiology, Julius-Maximilians-University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Congfeng Xu, ; Zhong Chen,
| | - Congfeng Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Congfeng Xu, ; Zhong Chen,
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22
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Yin Z, Zhang J, Xu S, Liu J, Xu Y, Yu J, Zhao M, Pan W, Wang M, Wan J. The role of semaphorins in cardiovascular diseases: Potential therapeutic targets and novel biomarkers. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22509. [PMID: 36063107 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200844r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Semaphorins (Semas), which belongs to the axonal guidance molecules, include 8 classes and could affect axon growth in the nervous system. Recently, semaphorins were found to regulate other pathophysiological processes, such as immune response, oncogenesis, tumor angiogenesis, and bone homeostasis, through binding with their plexin and neuropilin receptors. In this review, we summarized the detailed role of semaphorins and their receptors in the pathological progression of various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), highlighting that semaphorins may be potential therapeutic targets and novel biomarkers for CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jishou Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuwan Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianfang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junping Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Menglong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Wan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
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23
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NMR-Based Metabolomic Analysis of Cardiac Tissues Clarifies Molecular Mechanisms of CVB3-Induced Viral Myocarditis and Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27186115. [PMID: 36144851 PMCID: PMC9500976 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27186115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral myocarditis (VMC), which is defined as inflammation of the myocardium with consequent myocardial injury, may develop chronic disease eventually leading to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Molecular mechanisms underlying the progression from acute VMC (aVMC), to chronic VMC (cVMC) and finally to DCM, are still unclear. Here, we established mouse models of VMC and DCM with Coxsackievirus B3 infection and conducted NMR-based metabolomic analysis of aqueous metabolites extracted from cardiac tissues of three histologically classified groups including aVMC, cVMC and DCM. We showed that these three pathological groups were metabolically distinct from their normal counterparts and identified three impaired metabolic pathways shared by these pathological groups relative to normal controls, including nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism; alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism; and D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism. We also identified two extra impaired metabolic pathways in the aVMC group, including glycine, serine and threonine metabolism; and taurine and hypotaurine metabolism Furthermore, we identified potential cardiac biomarkers for metabolically distinguishing these three pathological stages from normal controls. Our results indicate that the metabolomic analysis of cardiac tissues can provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the progression from acute VMC to DCM.
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24
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Fan S, Hu Y. Role of m6A Methylation in the Occurrence and Development of Heart Failure. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:892113. [PMID: 35811741 PMCID: PMC9263194 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.892113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation is one of the most common epigenetic modifications in RNA nucleotides. It is known that m6A methylation is involved in regulation, including gene expression, homeostasis, mRNA stability and other biological processes, affecting metabolism and a variety of biochemical regulation processes, and affecting the occurrence and development of a variety of diseases. Cardiovascular disease has high morbidity, disability rate and mortality in the world, of which heart failure is the final stage. Deeper understanding of the potential molecular mechanism of heart failure and exploring more effective treatment strategies will bring good news to the sick population. At present, m6A methylation is the latest research direction, which reveals some potential links between epigenetics and pathogenesis of heart failure. And m6A methylation will bring new directions and ideas for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of heart failure. The purpose of this paper is to review the physiological and pathological mechanisms of m6A methylation that may be involved in cardiac remodeling in heart failure, so as to explain the possible role of m6A methylation in the occurrence and development of heart failure. And we hope to help m6A methylation obtain more in-depth research in the occurrence and development of heart failure.
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25
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Weiß E, Ramos GC, Delgobo M. Myocardial-Treg Crosstalk: How to Tame a Wolf. Front Immunol 2022; 13:914033. [PMID: 35693830 PMCID: PMC9176752 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.914033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system plays a vital role in maintaining tissue integrity and organismal homeostasis. The sudden stress caused by myocardial infarction (MI) poses a significant challenge for the immune system: it must quickly substitute dead myocardial with fibrotic tissue while controlling overt inflammatory responses. In this review, we will discuss the central role of myocardial regulatory T-cells (Tregs) in orchestrating tissue repair processes and controlling local inflammation in the context of MI. We herein compile recent advances enabled by the use of transgenic mouse models with defined cardiac antigen specificity, explore whole-heart imaging techniques, outline clinical studies and summarize deep-phenotyping conducted by independent labs using single-cell transcriptomics and T-cell repertoire analysis. Furthermore, we point to multiple mechanisms and cell types targeted by Tregs in the infarcted heart, ranging from pro-fibrotic responses in mesenchymal cells to local immune modulation in myeloid and lymphoid lineages. We also discuss how both cardiac-specific and polyclonal Tregs participate in MI repair. In addition, we consider intriguing novel evidence on how the myocardial milieu takes control of potentially auto-aggressive local immune reactions by shaping myosin-specific T-cell development towards a regulatory phenotype. Finally, we examine the potential use of Treg manipulating drugs in the clinic after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil Weiß
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gustavo Campos Ramos
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Murilo Delgobo
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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26
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Wei B, Lu F, Kong Q, Huang Y, Huang K, Wu W. Trehalose induces B cell autophagy to alleviate myocardial injury via the AMPK/ULK1 signalling pathway in acute viral myocarditis induced by Coxsackie virus B3. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2022; 146:106208. [PMID: 35381374 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2022.106208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Viral myocarditis (VMC) is the main cause of sudden acute heart failure and cardiac death in adolescents; however, treatment for VMC is limited. Trehalose is a natural non-reductive disaccharide that protects against cardiovascular diseases by inducing autophagy. The protective effect of trehalose on VMC and the specific mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we established a VMC mouse model, treated with trehalose in vivo, and cultured B cells from VMC mice with trehalose in vitro to elucidate the effect of trehalose on B cells in acute VMC. Trehalose alleviated myocardial injury in VMC mice and increased the number of autophagosomes, LC3II/LC3I ratio, and expression level of LAMP2, whereas it decreased the expression of p62 in VMC-B cells. Bafilomycin A1 suppressed VMC-B cell autophagy induced by trehalose. At the mechanistic level, trehalose treatment significantly upregulated the phosphorylation of AMPK and ULK1 in VMC-B cells. Dorsomorphin and SBI-0206965 abolished the increased phosphorylation level and altered the expression levels of autophagy-related proteins. In conclusion, trehalose alleviates myocardial inflammatory damage of VMC by inducing B cell autophagy, mediated by the AMPK/ULK1 signalling pathway. Thus, trehalose may be a potentially useful molecule for alleviating myocardial injury in VMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wei
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
| | - Feiyu Lu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Qing Kong
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yanlan Huang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Weifeng Wu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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27
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Altered Phenotype of Circulating Dendritic Cells and Regulatory T Cells from Patients with Acute Myocarditis. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:8873146. [PMID: 35265721 PMCID: PMC8901353 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8873146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) and regulatory T cells (Tregs) play an essential role in myocarditis. However, a particular DC phenotype in this disease has not been assessed. Herein, we aim to evaluate myeloid (mDCs) and plasmacytoid DC (pDC) phenotype, as well as Treg levels from myocarditis patients and healthy controls. Using multiparametric flow cytometry, we evaluated the levels of myeloid DCs (mDCs), plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), and Tregs in peripheral blood from myocarditis patients (n = 16) and healthy volunteers (n = 16) and performed correlation analysis with clinical parameters through Sperman test. DCs from myocarditis patients showed a higher expression of costimulatory molecules while a diminished expression of the inhibitory receptors, ILT2 and ILT4. Even more, Treg cells from myocarditis patients displayed higher levels of FOXP3 compared to controls. Clinically, the increased levels of mDCs and their higher expression of costimulatory molecules correlate with a worse myocardial function, higher levels of acute phase reactants, and higher cardiac enzymes. This study shows an activating phenotype of circulating DCs from myocarditis patients. This proinflammatory status may contribute to the pathogenesis and immune deregulation in acute myocarditis.
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28
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Kong Q, Gu J, Lu R, Huang C, Hu X, Wu W, Lin D. NMR-Based Metabolomic Analysis of Sera in Mouse Models of CVB3-Induced Viral Myocarditis and Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12010112. [PMID: 35053260 PMCID: PMC8773787 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral myocarditis (VMC) is an inflammatory heart condition which can induce dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). However, molecular mechanisms underlying the progression of VMC into DCM remain exclusive. Here, we established mouse models of VMC and DCM by infecting male BALB/c mice with Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), and performed NMR-based metabonomic analyses of mouse sera. The mouse models covered three pathological stages including: acute VMC (aVMC), chronic VMC (cVMC) and DCM. We recorded 1D 1H-NMR spectra on serum samples and conducted multivariate statistical analysis on the NMR data. We found that metabolic profiles of these three pathological stages were distinct from their normal controls (CON), and identified significant metabolites primarily responsible for the metabolic distinctions. We identified significantly disturbed metabolic pathways in the aVMC, cVMC and DCM stages relative to CON, including: taurine and hypotaurine metabolism; pyruvate metabolism; glycine, serine and threonine metabolism; glycerolipid metabolism. Additionally, we identified potential biomarkers for discriminating a VMC, cVMC and DCM from CON including: taurine, valine and acetate for aVMC; glycerol, valine and leucine for cVMC; citrate, glycine and isoleucine for DCM. This work lays the basis for mechanistically understanding the progression from acute VMC to DCM, and is beneficial to exploitation of potential biomarkers for prognosis and diagnosis of heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Kong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China;
| | - Jinping Gu
- Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; (J.G.); (R.L.); (X.H.)
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Ruohan Lu
- Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; (J.G.); (R.L.); (X.H.)
| | - Caihua Huang
- Research and Communication Center of Exercise and Health, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China;
| | - Xiaomin Hu
- Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; (J.G.); (R.L.); (X.H.)
| | - Weifeng Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China;
- Correspondence: (W.W.); (D.L.); Tel.: +86-771-5358955 (W.W.); +86-592-2186078 (D.L.)
| | - Donghai Lin
- Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; (J.G.); (R.L.); (X.H.)
- Correspondence: (W.W.); (D.L.); Tel.: +86-771-5358955 (W.W.); +86-592-2186078 (D.L.)
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Wang P, Feng Z, Sang X, Chen W, Zhang X, Xiao J, Chen Y, Chen Q, Yang M, Su J. Kombucha ameliorates LPS-induced sepsis in a mouse model. Food Funct 2021; 12:10263-10280. [PMID: 34549751 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01839f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
As a popular traditional fermented beverage, kombucha has been extensively studied for its health benefits. However, the science behind the anti-inflammatory effect of kombucha has not been well studied, and there is an urgent need to uncover the secrets of the anti-inflammatory properties of kombucha. Here, we investigate kombucha's protective effects against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis and on the intestinal microecology in mice. The contents of reducing sugars, polyphenols, catechins, and organic acids in the kombucha group were identified using various methods. The results showed that the concentrations of acetic acid, gluconic acid, polyphenol, and glucuronic acid in the kombucha group were 55.70 ± 2.57 g L-1, 50.20 ± 1.92 g L-1, 2.36 ± 0.31, and 1.39 ± 0.22 g L-1, respectively. The result also demonstrated that kombucha effectively improves the survival rate from 0% to 40%, and increases the thermoregulation in LPS-treated mice, which showed decreased mobility and had lost their appetite for food. Furthermore, kombucha reduced the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukins (IL)-1β and IL-6, restored the levels of T cells and macrophages in LPS-challenged mice, alleviated the histopathological damage, and inhibited NF-κB signaling in mice with LPS-induced sepsis. We demonstrated that kombucha effectively prevents cellular immune function disorder in mice at the initial stage of sepsis and exerts an immunomodulatory effect. In addition, the effect of kombucha on the gut microbiota was investigated during sepsis. Kombucha supplementation altered the diversity of the gut microbiota and promoted the growth of butyrate-producing bacteria, which exert anti-inflammatory effects. Our results illustrate the potential of kombucha as a novel anti-inflammatory agent against the development of systemic inflammatory responses associated with sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghui Wang
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, PR China.
| | - Zhihua Feng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, PR China. .,College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, PR China.
| | - Xiao Sang
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, PR China.
| | - Wenzhi Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, PR China. .,College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, PR China.
| | - Xiaoni Zhang
- The Public Service Platform for Industrialization Development Technology of Marine Biological Medicine and Products of the State Oceanic Administration, Fujian Key Laboratory of Special Marine Bioresource Sustainable Utilization, Southern Institute of Oceanography, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianbin Xiao
- The Public Service Platform for Industrialization Development Technology of Marine Biological Medicine and Products of the State Oceanic Administration, Fujian Key Laboratory of Special Marine Bioresource Sustainable Utilization, Southern Institute of Oceanography, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Youqiang Chen
- The Public Service Platform for Industrialization Development Technology of Marine Biological Medicine and Products of the State Oceanic Administration, Fujian Key Laboratory of Special Marine Bioresource Sustainable Utilization, Southern Institute of Oceanography, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, PR China. .,College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, PR China.
| | - Minhe Yang
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, PR China.
| | - Jingqian Su
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, PR China. .,College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, PR China.
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Wang T, Tian J, Jin Y. VCAM1 expression in the myocardium is associated with the risk of heart failure and immune cell infiltration in myocardium. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19488. [PMID: 34593936 PMCID: PMC8484263 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98998-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) are the two most common etiologies of heart failure (HF). Both forms share common characteristics including ventricle dilation in the final stage. Immune mechanisms in HF are increasingly highlighted and have been implicated in the pathogeneses of IHD and DCM. A better understanding of adhesion molecule expression and correlated immune cell infiltration could enhance disease detection and improve therapeutic targets. This study was performed to explore the common mechanisms underlying IHD and DCM. After searching the Gene Expression Omnibus database, we selected the GSE42955, GSE76701, GSE5406, GSE133054 and GSE57338 datasets for different expressed gene (DEGs) selection and new cohort establishment. We use xcell to calculate immune infiltration degree, ssGSEA and GSEA to calculate the pathway and biological enrichment score, consensus cluster to identify the m6A modification pattern, and LASSO regression to make risk predicting model and use new combined cohort to validate the results. The screening stage revealed that vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM1) play pivotal roles in regulating DEGs. Subsequent analyses revealed that VCAM1 was differentially expressed in the myocardium and involved in regulating immune cell infiltration. We also found that dysregulated VCAM1 expression was associated with a higher risk of HF by constructing a clinical risk-predicting model. Besides, we also find a connection among the m6A RNA modification ,expression of VCAM1 and immune regulation. Those connection can be linked by the Wnt pathway enrichment alternation. Collectively, our results suggest that VCAM-1 have the potential to be used as a biomarker or therapy target for HF and the m6A modification pattern is associated with the VCAM1 expression and immune regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongyu Wang
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Yuanzhe Jin, No. 4 Chongshan East Road, Huanggu District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jiahu Tian
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Yuanzhe Jin, No. 4 Chongshan East Road, Huanggu District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yuanzhe Jin
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Yuanzhe Jin, No. 4 Chongshan East Road, Huanggu District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
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31
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Li H, Chen C, Wang DW. Inflammatory Cytokines, Immune Cells, and Organ Interactions in Heart Failure. Front Physiol 2021; 12:695047. [PMID: 34276413 PMCID: PMC8281681 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.695047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite mounting evidence demonstrating the significance of inflammation in the pathophysiological mechanisms of heart failure (HF), most large clinical trials that target the inflammatory responses in HF yielded neutral or even worsening outcomes. Further in-depth understanding about the roles of inflammation in the pathogenesis of HF is eagerly needed. This review summarizes cytokines, cardiac infiltrating immune cells, and extracardiac organs that orchestrate the complex inflammatory responses in HF and highlights emerging therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Li
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Matsumoto M, Liu J, Iwata K, Ibi M, Asaoka N, Zhang X, Katsuyama M, Matsuda M, Nabe T, Schröder K, Yabe-Nishimura C. NOX1/NADPH oxidase is involved in the LPS-induced exacerbation of collagen-induced arthritis. J Pharmacol Sci 2021; 146:88-97. [PMID: 33941325 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2021.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate as yet an unidentified role of NOX1, a non-phagocytic isoform of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase, in immune responses using Nox1-knockout mice (Nox1-KO). The transcripts of NOX1 was expressed in lymphoid tissues, including the spleen, thymus, bone marrow, and inguinal lymphoid nodes. When antibody production after ovalbumin (OVA) immunization was examined, no significant differences were observed in serum anti-OVA IgG levels between wild-type mice (WT) and Nox1-KO. In the experimental asthma, the infiltration of eosinophils and the Th2 cytokine response after the induction of asthma with OVA were similar between the two genotypes. However, the severity and incidence of experimental collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) following the administration of a low dose of endotoxin (LPS) were significantly lower in Nox1-KO. While neither serum levels of autoantibodies nor in vitro cytokine responses were affected by Nox1 deficiency, NOX1 mRNA levels in the spleen significantly increased after the LPS challenge. Among the spleen cells, remarkable LPS-induced upregulation of NOX1 was demonstrated in both CD11b+ monocytes/macrophages and CD11c+ dendritic cells, suggesting that LPS-inducible NOX1 in monocytes/macrophages/dendritic cells may modulate the development of experimental CIA. Therapeutic targeting of NOX1 may therefore control the onset and/or severity of arthritis which is exacerbated by bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misaki Matsumoto
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Junjie Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazumi Iwata
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masakazu Ibi
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nozomi Asaoka
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Xueqing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masato Katsuyama
- Radioisotope Center, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masaya Matsuda
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nabe
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
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Imanaka-Yoshida K. Tenascin-C in Heart Diseases-The Role of Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115828. [PMID: 34072423 PMCID: PMC8198581 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tenascin-C (TNC) is a large extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoprotein and an original member of the matricellular protein family. TNC is transiently expressed in the heart during embryonic development, but is rarely detected in normal adults; however, its expression is strongly up-regulated with inflammation. Although neither TNC-knockout nor -overexpressing mice show a distinct phenotype, disease models using genetically engineered mice combined with in vitro experiments have revealed multiple significant roles for TNC in responses to injury and myocardial repair, particularly in the regulation of inflammation. In most cases, TNC appears to deteriorate adverse ventricular remodeling by aggravating inflammation/fibrosis. Furthermore, accumulating clinical evidence has shown that high TNC levels predict adverse ventricular remodeling and a poor prognosis in patients with various heart diseases. Since the importance of inflammation has attracted attention in the pathophysiology of heart diseases, this review will focus on the roles of TNC in various types of inflammatory reactions, such as myocardial infarction, hypertensive fibrosis, myocarditis caused by viral infection or autoimmunity, and dilated cardiomyopathy. The utility of TNC as a biomarker for the stratification of myocardial disease conditions and the selection of appropriate therapies will also be discussed from a clinical viewpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Imanaka-Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan;
- Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
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The Severity of CVB3-Induced Myocarditis Can Be Improved by Blocking the Orchestration of NLRP3 and Th17 in Balb/c Mice. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:5551578. [PMID: 34093086 PMCID: PMC8139334 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5551578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The functional characteristics of NLRP3 in the pathogenesis of coxsackievirus B3- (CVB3-) induced viral myocarditis (VMC) have not been fully elucidated, and the targeted therapeutic effect of NLRP3 or its related pathway in VMC has not been reported. Method In this work, the change patterns of NLRP3- and Th17-related factors were detected during the pathological process of CVB3-induced VMC in Balb/c mice. The correlation between NLRP3 and Th17 cells during the VMC process was analyzed by Spearman test. The coculture system of spleen CD4+ T and bone marrow CD11c+ DC cells was set to explore the orchestration of NLRP3 and Th17 in the pathological development of VMC in vitro. Anti-IL-1β antibody or NLRP3−/− Balb/c were used to block the NLRP3 pathway indirectly and directly to analyze the NLRP3-targeting therapeutic value. Results The change patterns of NLRP3- and Th17-related molecules in the whole pathological process of mouse CVB3-induced VMC were described. Through Spearman correlation analysis, it was confirmed that there was a close correlation between NLRP3 and Th17 cells in the whole pathological process of VMC. And the interaction mode between NLRP3 and Th17 was preliminarily explored in the cell experiment in vitro. Under the intervention of an anti-IL-1β antibody or NLRP3 knockout, the survival rate of the intervention group was significantly improved, the degree of myocardial inflammation and fibrosis was significantly alleviated, and the content of myocardial IL-17 and spleen Th17 was also significantly decreased. Conclusion Our findings demonstrated a key role of the NLRP3 inflammasome and its close relationship with Th17 in the pathological progression of CVB3-induced VMC and suggested a possible positive feedback-like mutual regulation mechanism between the NLRP3 inflammasome and Th17 in vitro and in the early stage of CVB3 infection. Taking NLRP3 as a new starting point, it provides a new target and idea for the prevention and treatment of CVB3-induced VMC.
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35
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The Role of B Cells in Regulation of Th Cell Differentiation in Coxsackievirus B3-Induced Acute Myocarditis. Inflammation 2021; 44:1949-1960. [PMID: 33961174 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01472-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Viral myocarditis (VMC) is the major cause of sudden death in adolescents. To date, no effective treatment has been identified for VMC. Studies have shown that T helper (Th) cells such as Th1, Th2, Th17, and Th22 cells are involved in the pathogenesis of VMC. However, the role of B cells and their impact on Th cells in VMC is unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of B cells in Th cell differentiation in myocardial damage in an animal model of VMC. C57BL/6 mice were infected with Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) intraperitoneally or injected with phosphate-buffered saline as a control condition. At day 7, samples from these mice were analyzed by histology, ELISA, flow cytometry, and gene expression assays. We found that TNF-α-, IL-6-, and IL-17-producing B cell numbers were significantly increased, while IL-4-producing B cell population was significantly reduced in acute VMC. Furthermore, we performed B cell knockout (BKO), SCID, and SCID+B cells reconstitution experiments. We found that BKO alleviated the cardiac damage following CVB3 infection, may hamper the differentiation of Th1 and Th17 cells, may promote the differentiation of Th2 cells, and proved ineffective for the differentiation of Th22 cells. In contrast, SCID+B cells reconstitution experiment exacerbated the cardiac damage. Ex vivo studies further revealed that B cells promote the differentiation of Th1 and Th17 cells and inhibit the differentiation of Th2 cells. Our study shows that B cells are activated and have strong abilities of antigen presentation and producing cytokines in VMC; B cells not only play a pathogenic role in VMC independent of T cells but also promote Th1 and Th17 cell differentiation, and hamper Th2 cell differentiation in VMC.
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Human cardiac fibroblasts produce pro-inflammatory cytokines upon TLRs and RLRs stimulation. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:3241-3252. [PMID: 33881711 PMCID: PMC8059428 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04157-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Heart inflammation is one of the major causes of heart damage that leads to dilated cardiomyopathy and often progresses to end-stage heart failure. In the present study, we aimed to assess whether human cardiac cells could release immune mediators upon stimulation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and Retinoic acid-inducible gene (RIG)-I-like receptors (RLRs). Commercially available human cardiac fibroblasts and an immortalized human cardiomyocyte cell line were stimulated in vitro with TLR2, TLR3, and TLR4 agonists. In addition, cytosolic RLRs were activated in cardiac cells after transfection of polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (PolyIC). Upon stimulation of TLR3, TLR4, MDA5, and RIG-I, but not upon stimulation of TLR2, human cardiac fibroblasts produced high amounts of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8. On the contrary, the immortalized human cardiomyocyte cell line was unresponsive to the tested TLRs agonists. Upon RLRs stimulation, cardiac fibroblasts, and to a lesser extent the cardiomyocyte cell line, induced anti-viral IFN-β expression. These data demonstrate that human cardiac fibroblasts and an immortalized human cardiomyocyte cell line differently respond to various TLRs and RLRs ligands. In particular, human cardiac fibroblasts were able to induce pro-inflammatory and anti-viral cytokines on their own. These aspects will contribute to better understand the immunological function of the different cell populations that make up the cardiac tissue.
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Zhang Y, Cai S, Ding X, Lu C, Wu R, Wu H, Shang Y, Pang M. MicroRNA-30a-5p silencing polarizes macrophages toward M2 phenotype to alleviate cardiac injury following viral myocarditis by targeting SOCS1. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 320:H1348-H1360. [PMID: 33416455 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00431.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Viral myocarditis (VMC) is a life-threatening disease characterized by severe cardiac inflammation generally caused by coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) infection. Several microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are known to play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of VMC. The study aimed to decipher the role of miR-30a-5p in the underlying mechanisms of VMC pathogenesis. We first quantified miR-30a-5p expression in a CVB3-induced mouse VMC model. The physiological characteristics of mouse cardiac tissues were then detected by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Picrosirius red staining. We established the correlation between miR-30a-5p and SOCS1, using dual-luciferase gene assay and Pearson's correlation coefficient. The expression of inflammatory factors (IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-13), M1 polarization markers [TNF-α, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)], M2 polarization markers (Arg-1, IL-10), and myocardial hypertrophy markers [atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)] was detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis. miR-30a-5p was found to be highly expressed in VMC mice. Silencing of miR-30a-5p improved the cardiac function index and reduced heart weight-to-body weight ratio, myocardial tissue pathological changes and fibrosis degree, serological indexes, as well as proinflammatory factor levels, while enhancing anti-inflammatory factor levels in VMC mice. Furthermore, silencing of miR-30a-5p inhibited M1 polarization of macrophages while promoting M2 polarization in vivo and in vitro. SOCS1 was a target gene of miR-30a-5p, and the aforementioned cardioprotective effects of miR-30a-5p silencing were reversed upon silencing of SOCS1. Overall, this study shows that silencing of miR-30a-5p may promote M2 polarization of macrophages and improve cardiac injury following VMC via SOCS1 upregulation, constituting a potential therapeutic target for VMC treatment.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We found in this study that microRNA (miR)-30a-5p inhibition might improve cardiac injury following viral myocarditis (VMC) by accelerating M2 polarization of macrophages via SOCS1 upregulation. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of miR-30a-5p inhibition may contribute to the development of new therapeutic strategies for VMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengbao Cai
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxue Ding
- Department of Cardiology, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Can Lu
- Department of Cardiology, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruodan Wu
- Department of Cardiology, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Wu
- Department of Cardiology, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyi Shang
- Medical School of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingjie Pang
- Department of Cardiology, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, People's Republic of China
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Tajiri K, Yonebayashi S, Li S, Ieda M. Immunomodulatory Role of Tenascin-C in Myocarditis and Inflammatory Cardiomyopathy. Front Immunol 2021; 12:624703. [PMID: 33692798 PMCID: PMC7938317 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.624703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that the breakdown of immune tolerance plays an important role in the development of myocarditis triggered by cardiotropic microbial infections. Genetic deletion of immune checkpoint molecules that are crucial for maintaining self-tolerance causes spontaneous myocarditis in mice, and cancer treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors can induce myocarditis in humans. These results suggest that the loss of immune tolerance results in myocarditis. The tissue microenvironment influences the local immune dysregulation in autoimmunity. Recently, tenascin-C (TN-C) has been found to play a role as a local regulator of inflammation through various molecular mechanisms. TN-C is a nonstructural extracellular matrix glycoprotein expressed in the heart during early embryonic development, as well as during tissue injury or active tissue remodeling, in a spatiotemporally restricted manner. In a mouse model of autoimmune myocarditis, TN-C was detectable before inflammatory cell infiltration and myocytolysis became histologically evident; it was strongly expressed during active inflammation and disappeared with healing. TN-C activates dendritic cells to generate pathogenic autoreactive T cells and forms an important link between innate and acquired immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuko Tajiri
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Saori Yonebayashi
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Siqi Li
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Masaki Ieda
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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Goetzke CC, Althof N, Neumaier HL, Heuser A, Kaya Z, Kespohl M, Klingel K, Beling A. Mitigated viral myocarditis in A/J mice by the immunoproteasome inhibitor ONX 0914 depends on inhibition of systemic inflammatory responses in CoxsackievirusB3 infection. Basic Res Cardiol 2021; 116:7. [PMID: 33523326 PMCID: PMC7851025 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-021-00848-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A preclinical model of troponin I-induced myocarditis (AM) revealed a prominent role of the immunoproteasome (ip), the main immune cell-resident proteasome isoform, in heart-directed autoimmunity. Viral infection of the heart is a known trigger of cardiac autoimmunity, with the ip enhancing systemic inflammatory responses after infection with a cardiotropic coxsackievirusB3 (CV). Here, we used ip-deficient A/J-LMP7-/- mice to investigate the role of ip-mediated effects on adaptive immunity in CV-triggered myocarditis and found no alteration of the inflammatory heart tissue damage or cardiac function in comparison to wild-type controls. Aiming to define the impact of the systemic inflammatory storm under the control of ip proteolysis during CV infection, we targeted the ip in A/J mice with the inhibitor ONX 0914 after the first cycle of infection, when systemic inflammation has set in, well before cardiac inflammation. During established acute myocarditis, the ONX 0914 treatment group had the same reduction in cardiac output as the controls, with inflammatory responses in heart tissue being unaffected by the compound. Based on these findings and with regard to the known anti-inflammatory role of ONX 0914 in CV infection, we conclude that the efficacy of ip inhibitors for CV-triggered myocarditis in A/J mice relies on their immunomodulatory effects on the systemic inflammatory reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Christoph Goetzke
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonology, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- German Rheumatism Research Center (DRFZ), Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nadine Althof
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hannah Louise Neumaier
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Institute of Biochemistry, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Arndt Heuser
- Animal Phenotyping Platform, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ziya Kaya
- Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Medizinische Klinik für Innere Medizin III: Kardiologie, Angiologie und Pneumologie, Heidelberg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), Partner Side Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Meike Kespohl
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Institute of Biochemistry, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), Partner Side Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karin Klingel
- Cardiopathology, Institute for Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Antje Beling
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Institute of Biochemistry, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), Partner Side Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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40
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Programmed Death-Ligand 2 Deficiency Exacerbates Experimental Autoimmune Myocarditis in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031426. [PMID: 33572655 PMCID: PMC7866985 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed death ligand 2 (PD-L2) is the second ligand of programmed death 1 (PD-1) protein. In autoimmune myocarditis, the protective roles of PD-1 and its first ligand programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) have been well documented; however, the role of PD-L2 remains unknown. In this study, we report that PD-L2 deficiency exacerbates myocardial inflammation in mice with experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM). EAM was established in wild-type (WT) and PD-L2-deficient mice by immunization with murine cardiac myosin peptide. We found that PD-L2-deficient mice had more serious inflammatory infiltration in the heart and a significantly higher myocarditis severity score than WT mice. PD-L2-deficient dendritic cells (DCs) enhanced CD4+ T cell proliferation in the presence of T cell receptor and CD28 signaling. These data suggest that PD-L2 on DCs protects against autoreactive CD4+ T cell expansion and severe inflammation in mice with EAM.
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41
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Tajiri K, Imanaka-Yoshida K, Tsujimura Y, Matsuo K, Hiroe M, Aonuma K, Ieda M, Yasutomi Y. A New Mouse Model of Chronic Myocarditis Induced by Recombinant Bacille Calmette-Guèrin Expressing a T-Cell Epitope of Cardiac Myosin Heavy Chain-α. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E794. [PMID: 33466825 PMCID: PMC7829923 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a potentially lethal disorder characterized by progressive impairment of cardiac function. Chronic myocarditis has long been hypothesized to be one of the causes of DCM. However, owing to the lack of suitable animal models of chronic myocarditis, its pathophysiology remains unclear. Here, we report a novel mouse model of chronic myocarditis induced by recombinant bacille Calmette-Guérin (rBCG) expressing a CD4+ T-cell epitope of cardiac myosin heavy chain-α (rBCG-MyHCα). Mice immunized with rBCG-MyHCα developed chronic myocarditis, and echocardiography revealed dilation and impaired contraction of ventricles, similar to those observed in human DCM. In the heart, CD62L-CD4+ T cells were increased and produced significant amounts of IFN-γ and IL-17 in response to cardiac myosin. Adoptive transfer of CD62L-CD4+ T cells induced myocarditis in the recipient mice, which indicated that CD62L-CD4+ T cells were the effector cells in this model. rBCG-MyHCα-infected dendritic cells produced proinflammatory cytokines and induced MyHCα-specific T-cell proliferation and Th1 and Th17 polarization. This novel chronic myocarditis mouse model may allow the identification of the central pathophysiological and immunological processes involved in the progression to DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuko Tajiri
- Tsukuba Primate Research Center, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tsukuba 305-0843, Japan;
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan; (K.A.); (M.I.)
| | - Kyoko Imanaka-Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Japan;
- Mie University Matrix Biology Research Center, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Yusuke Tsujimura
- Tsukuba Primate Research Center, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tsukuba 305-0843, Japan;
- Leprosy Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Higashimurayama 189-0002, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Matsuo
- Department of Research and Development, Japan BCG Laboratory, Kiyose 204-0022, Japan;
| | - Michiaki Hiroe
- Department of Cardiology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan;
| | - Kazutaka Aonuma
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan; (K.A.); (M.I.)
| | - Masaki Ieda
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan; (K.A.); (M.I.)
| | - Yasuhiro Yasutomi
- Tsukuba Primate Research Center, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tsukuba 305-0843, Japan;
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42
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Briguglio M, Porta M, Zuffada F, Bona AR, Crespi T, Pino F, Perazzo P, Mazzocchi M, Giorgino R, De Angelis G, Ielasi A, De Blasio G, Turiel M. SARS-CoV-2 Aiming for the Heart: A Multicenter Italian Perspective About Cardiovascular Issues in COVID-19. Front Physiol 2020; 11:571367. [PMID: 33240098 PMCID: PMC7677571 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.571367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the high fatality rate of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been putting a strain on the world since December 2019. Infected individuals exhibit unpredictable symptoms that tend to worsen if age is advanced, a state of malnutrition persists, or if cardiovascular comorbidities are present. Once transmitted, the virus affects the lungs and in predisposed individuals can elicit a sequela of fatal cardiovascular consequences. We aim to present the pathophysiology of COVID-19, emphasizing the major cellular and clinical manifestations from a cardiological perspective. As a roaming viral particle or more likely via the Trojan horse route, SARS-CoV-2 can access different parts of the body. Cardiovascular features of COVID-19 can count myocardial injuries, vasculitis-like syndromes, and atherothrombotic manifestations. Deviations in the normal electrocardiogram pattern could hide pericardial effusion or cardiac inflammation, and dispersed microthrombi can cause ischemic damages, stroke, or even medullary reflex dysfunctions. Tailored treatment for reduced ejection fraction, arrhythmias, coronary syndromes, macrothrombosis and microthrombosis, and autonomic dysfunctions is mandatory. Confidently, evidence-based therapies for this multifaceted nevertheless purely cardiological COVID-19 will emerge after the global assessment of different approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Briguglio
- IRCCS Orthopedic Institute Galeazzi, Scientific Direction, Milan, Italy
| | - Mauro Porta
- IRCCS Orthopedic Institute Galeazzi, Neurology Unit, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Alberto R Bona
- ICCS Istituto Clinico Città Studi, Neurosurgery Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziano Crespi
- IRCCS Orthopedic Institute Galeazzi, Intensive Care Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Pino
- IRCCS Orthopedic Institute Galeazzi, Intensive Care Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Perazzo
- IRCCS Orthopedic Institute Galeazzi, Intensive Care Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Mazzocchi
- IRCCS Orthopedic Institute Galeazzi, Intensive Care Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Giorgino
- University of Milan, Residency Program in Orthopedics and Traumatology, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Alfonso Ielasi
- Istituto Clinico Sant'Ambrogio, Cardiology Unit, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Turiel
- IRCCS Orthopedic Institute Galeazzi, Cardiology Unit, Milan, Italy
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43
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Abstract
Inflammatory cardiomyopathy, characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration into the myocardium and a high risk of deteriorating cardiac function, has a heterogeneous aetiology. Inflammatory cardiomyopathy is predominantly mediated by viral infection, but can also be induced by bacterial, protozoal or fungal infections as well as a wide variety of toxic substances and drugs and systemic immune-mediated diseases. Despite extensive research, inflammatory cardiomyopathy complicated by left ventricular dysfunction, heart failure or arrhythmia is associated with a poor prognosis. At present, the reason why some patients recover without residual myocardial injury whereas others develop dilated cardiomyopathy is unclear. The relative roles of the pathogen, host genomics and environmental factors in disease progression and healing are still under discussion, including which viruses are active inducers and which are only bystanders. As a consequence, treatment strategies are not well established. In this Review, we summarize and evaluate the available evidence on the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of myocarditis and inflammatory cardiomyopathy, with a special focus on virus-induced and virus-associated myocarditis. Furthermore, we identify knowledge gaps, appraise the available experimental models and propose future directions for the field. The current knowledge and open questions regarding the cardiovascular effects associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection are also discussed. This Review is the result of scientific cooperation of members of the Heart Failure Association of the ESC, the Heart Failure Society of America and the Japanese Heart Failure Society.
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44
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Nehra S, Gumina RJ, Bansal SS. Immune cell Dilemma in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy: To Heal or Not to Heal. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 19:39-46. [PMID: 33103020 DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2020.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is a double-edged sword for sterile tissue injury such as in myocardial infarction (MI). After ischemic injury, inflammatory immune responses activate repair processes, clear tissue-debris, form a stable scar and initiate angiogenesis in the myocardium for efficient wound-healing. However, incomplete immune resolution or sustained low-grade inflammation lead to ischemic cardiomyopathy (IC) characterized by maladaptive tissue remodeling and left-ventricular dilatation. It is clear that a delicate balance of cytokines, chemokines, prostaglandins, resolvins, and the innate and adaptive immune systems is critical for adequate healing as both insufficient- or overt-activation of inflammatory responses can either enhance rupture incidence or exacerbate cardiac dysfunction in the long-term. Among all the players, immune cells are the most critical as they are not only a source for all of the inflammatory protein mediators, but are also a target. However, phenotypic complexities associated with different immune subtypes, their interdependence, phasic-activations and varied functionalities often make it difficult to segregate the effects of one immune cell from another. In this review, we briefly summarize the role of several innate and adaptive immune cells to acquaint readers with complex immune-networks that dictate the extent of wound-healing post-MI and maladaptive remodeling during IC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarita Nehra
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Richard J Gumina
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Shyam S Bansal
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
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45
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Vdovenko D, Bachmann M, Wijnen WJ, Hottiger MO, Eriksson U, Valaperti A. The adaptor protein c-Cbl-associated protein (CAP) limits pro-inflammatory cytokine expression by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 87:106822. [PMID: 32738595 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
C-Cbl-associated protein (CAP), also known as Sorbin and SH3 domain-containing protein 1 (Sorbs1) or ponsin, an adaptor protein of the insulin-signalling pathway, mediates anti-viral and anti-cytotoxic protection in acute viral heart disease. In the present study we describe a novel protective immuno-modulatory function of CAP in inflammation. Among the three members of the Sorbs family of adapter molecules, which include CAP (Sorbs1), ArgBP2 (Sorbs2), and Vinexin (Sorbs3), CAP consistently down-regulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in mouse fibroblasts, cardiomyocytes, and myeloid-derived leukocytes, after Toll-like receptor (TLR) stimulation. Upon the same TLR stimulation, ArgBP2 partially down-regulated pro-inflammatory cytokine production in mouse fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes, while Vinexin rather promoted their production. Mechanistically, CAP limited pro-inflammatory cytokine expression by suppressing the phosphorylation of Inhibitor of kappa B (IκB) kinase (Iκκ)-α and Iκκ-β and their downstream NF-κB-dependent signalling pathway. Molecular affinity between CAP and Iκκ-α/ Iκκ-β was necessary to block the NF-κB pathway. The CAP-dependent inhibitory mechanism - in vivo exclusively IL-6 inhibition - was confirmed after collecting blood from mice with systemic inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and in the heart tissue collected from mice infected with the cardiotropic Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3). Taken together, CAP down-regulates pro-inflammatory cytokines by interfering with the normal function of the NF-κB pathway. The promotion of CAP production could support the development of new strategies aiming to limit excessive and detrimental activation of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Vdovenko
- Cardioimmunology, Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Switzerland; GZO - Zurich Regional Health Center, Wetzikon, Switzerland
| | - Marta Bachmann
- Cardioimmunology, Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Switzerland; GZO - Zurich Regional Health Center, Wetzikon, Switzerland
| | - Winandus J Wijnen
- Cardioimmunology, Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Switzerland; GZO - Zurich Regional Health Center, Wetzikon, Switzerland
| | - Michael O Hottiger
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease (DMMD), University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Urs Eriksson
- Cardioimmunology, Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Switzerland; GZO - Zurich Regional Health Center, Wetzikon, Switzerland
| | - Alan Valaperti
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease (DMMD), University of Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland.
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46
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Pistulli R, Andreas E, König S, Drobnik S, Kretzschmar D, Rohm I, Lichtenauer M, Heidecker B, Franz M, Mall G, Yilmaz A, Schulze PC. Characterization of dendritic cells in human and experimental myocarditis. ESC Heart Fail 2020; 7:2305-2317. [PMID: 32619089 PMCID: PMC7524053 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Dendritic cells (DCs) are central mediators of adaptive immunity, and there is growing evidence of their role in myocardial inflammatory disease. We hypothesized that plasmacytoid and myeloid DCs are involved in the mechanisms of myocarditis and analysed these two main subtypes in human myocarditis subjects, as well as in a murine model of experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM). Methods and results Circulating DCs were analysed by flow cytometry in patients with acute myocarditis, dilated cardiomyopathy, and controls. Myocardial biopsies were immunostained for the presence of DCs and compared with non‐diseased controls. In a mouse model of acute myocarditis induced through synthetic cardiac myosine peptide injection, effects of immunomodulation including DC inhibition through MCS‐18 versus placebo treatment were tested at the peak of inflammation (Day 21), as well as 1 week later (partial recovery). Circulatory pDCs and mDCs were significantly reduced in myocarditis patients compared with controls (P < 0.01 for both) and remained so even after 6 months of follow‐up. Human myocarditis biopsies showed accumulation of pDCs (two‐fold CD304+/three‐fold CD123+, all P < 0.05) compared with controls. Myocardial pDCs and mDCs accumulated in EAM (P for both <0.0001). MCS‐18 treatment reduced pDC levels (P = 0.009), reduced myocardial inflammation (myocarditis score reduction from 2.6 to 1.8, P = 0.026), and improved ejection fraction (P = 0.03) in EAM at Day 21 (peak of inflammation). This effect was not observed during the partial recovery of inflammation on Day 28. Conclusions Circulating DCs are reduced in human myocarditis and accumulate in the inflamed myocardium. MCS‐18 treatment reduces DCs in EAM, leading to amelioration of inflammation and left ventricular remodelling during the acute phase of myocarditis. Our data further elucidate the role of DCs and their specific subsets in acute inflammatory cardiomyopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudin Pistulli
- Department of Cardiology I - Coronary and Peripheral Vascular Disease, Heart Failure, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude A1, Münster, 48149, Germany
| | - Elise Andreas
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Stefanie Drobnik
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Daniel Kretzschmar
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Ilonka Rohm
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Bettina Heidecker
- Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus Franz
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Gita Mall
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Atilla Yilmaz
- Internal Medicine Clinic II, Elisabeth Hospital, Schmalkalden, Germany
| | - P Christian Schulze
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
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47
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Bockstahler M, Fischer A, Goetzke CC, Neumaier HL, Sauter M, Kespohl M, Müller AM, Meckes C, Salbach C, Schenk M, Heuser A, Landmesser U, Weiner J, Meder B, Lehmann L, Kratzer A, Klingel K, Katus HA, Kaya Z, Beling A. Heart-Specific Immune Responses in an Animal Model of Autoimmune-Related Myocarditis Mitigated by an Immunoproteasome Inhibitor and Genetic Ablation. Circulation 2020; 141:1885-1902. [DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.119.043171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy is often accompanied by immune-related pathology, with an increasing occurrence of high-risk ICI-related myocarditis. Understanding the mechanisms involved in this side effect could enable the development of management strategies. In mouse models, immune checkpoints, such as PD-1 (programmed cell death protein 1), control the threshold of self-antigen responses directed against cardiac TnI (troponin I). We aimed to identify how the immunoproteasome, the main proteolytic machinery in immune cells harboring 3 distinct protease activities in the LMP2 (low-molecular-weight protein 2), LMP7 (low-molecular-weight protein 7), and MECL1 (multicatalytic endopeptidase complex subunit 1) subunit, affects TnI-directed autoimmune pathology of the heart.
Methods:
TnI-directed autoimmune myocarditis (TnI-AM), a CD4
+
T-cell–mediated disease, was induced in mice lacking all 3 immunoproteasome subunits (triple-ip
−/−
) or lacking either the gene encoding LMP2 and LMP7 by immunization with a cardiac TnI peptide. Alternatively, before induction of TnI-AM or after establishment of autoimmune myocarditis, mice were treated with the immunoproteasome inhibitor ONX 0914. Immune parameters defining heart-specific autoimmunity were investigated in experimental TnI-AM and in 2 cases of ICI-related myocarditis.
Results:
All immunoproteasome-deficient strains showed mitigated autoimmune-related cardiac pathology with less inflammation, lower proinflammatory and chemotactic cytokines, less interleukin-17 production, and reduced fibrosis formation. Protection from TnI-directed autoimmune heart pathology with improved cardiac function in LMP7
−/−
mice involved a changed balance between effector and regulatory CD4
+
T cells in the spleen, with CD4
+
T cells from LMP7
−
/−
mice showing a higher expression of inhibitory PD-1 molecules. Blocked immunoproteasome proteolysis, by treatment of TLR2 (Toll-like receptor 2)–engaged and TLR7 (Toll-like receptor 7)/TLR8 (Toll-like receptor 8)–engaged CD14
+
monocytes with ONX 0914, diminished proinflammatory cytokine responses, thereby reducing the boost for the expansion of self-reactive CD4
+
T cells. Correspondingly, in mice, ONX 0914 treatment reversed cardiac autoimmune pathology, preventing the induction and progression of TnI-AM when self-reactive CD4
+
T cells were primed. The autoimmune signature during experimental TnI-AM, with high immunoproteasome expression, immunoglobulin G deposition, interleukin-17 production in heart tissue, and TnI-directed humoral autoimmune responses, was also present in 2 cases of ICI-related myocarditis, demonstrating the activation of heart-specific autoimmune reactions by ICI therapy.
Conclusions:
By reversing heart-specific autoimmune responses, immunoproteasome inhibitors applied to a mouse model demonstrate their potential to aid in the management of autoimmune myocarditis in humans, possibly including patients with ICI-related heart-specific autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariella Bockstahler
- Medizinische Klinik für Innere Medizin III: Kardiologie, Angiologie und Pneumologie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Germany (M.B., A.F., A.-M.M., C.M., C.S., B.M., L.L., H.A.K., Z.K.)
| | - Andrea Fischer
- Medizinische Klinik für Innere Medizin III: Kardiologie, Angiologie und Pneumologie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Germany (M.B., A.F., A.-M.M., C.M., C.S., B.M., L.L., H.A.K., Z.K.)
| | - Carl Christoph Goetzke
- Institute of Biochemistry (C.C.G., H.L.N., M.K., A.B.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), partner side Berlin, Germany (C.C.G., M.K., U.L., A.K., A.B.)
| | - Hannah Louise Neumaier
- Institute of Biochemistry (C.C.G., H.L.N., M.K., A.B.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany
| | - Martina Sauter
- Cardiopathology, Institute for Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany (M.S., K.K.)
| | - Meike Kespohl
- Institute of Biochemistry (C.C.G., H.L.N., M.K., A.B.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), partner side Berlin, Germany (C.C.G., M.K., U.L., A.K., A.B.)
| | - Anna-Maria Müller
- Medizinische Klinik für Innere Medizin III: Kardiologie, Angiologie und Pneumologie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Germany (M.B., A.F., A.-M.M., C.M., C.S., B.M., L.L., H.A.K., Z.K.)
| | - Christin Meckes
- Medizinische Klinik für Innere Medizin III: Kardiologie, Angiologie und Pneumologie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Germany (M.B., A.F., A.-M.M., C.M., C.S., B.M., L.L., H.A.K., Z.K.)
| | - Christian Salbach
- Medizinische Klinik für Innere Medizin III: Kardiologie, Angiologie und Pneumologie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Germany (M.B., A.F., A.-M.M., C.M., C.S., B.M., L.L., H.A.K., Z.K.)
| | - Mirjam Schenk
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Switzerland (M.S.)
| | - Arnd Heuser
- Core Unit Pathophysiology (A.H.), Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulf Landmesser
- Medizinische Klinik für Kardiologie Campus Benjamin Franklin (U.L., A.K.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), partner side Berlin, Germany (C.C.G., M.K., U.L., A.K., A.B.)
| | - January Weiner
- Core Unit Bioinformatics (J.W.), Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Benjamin Meder
- Medizinische Klinik für Innere Medizin III: Kardiologie, Angiologie und Pneumologie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Germany (M.B., A.F., A.-M.M., C.M., C.S., B.M., L.L., H.A.K., Z.K.)
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), partner side Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany (B.M., L.L., H.A.K., Z.K.)
| | - Lorenz Lehmann
- Medizinische Klinik für Innere Medizin III: Kardiologie, Angiologie und Pneumologie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Germany (M.B., A.F., A.-M.M., C.M., C.S., B.M., L.L., H.A.K., Z.K.)
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), partner side Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany (B.M., L.L., H.A.K., Z.K.)
- Cardio-Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (L.L.)
| | - Adelheid Kratzer
- Medizinische Klinik für Kardiologie Campus Benjamin Franklin (U.L., A.K.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), partner side Berlin, Germany (C.C.G., M.K., U.L., A.K., A.B.)
| | - Karin Klingel
- Cardiopathology, Institute for Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany (M.S., K.K.)
| | - Hugo A. Katus
- Medizinische Klinik für Innere Medizin III: Kardiologie, Angiologie und Pneumologie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Germany (M.B., A.F., A.-M.M., C.M., C.S., B.M., L.L., H.A.K., Z.K.)
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), partner side Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany (B.M., L.L., H.A.K., Z.K.)
| | - Ziya Kaya
- Medizinische Klinik für Innere Medizin III: Kardiologie, Angiologie und Pneumologie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Germany (M.B., A.F., A.-M.M., C.M., C.S., B.M., L.L., H.A.K., Z.K.)
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), partner side Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany (B.M., L.L., H.A.K., Z.K.)
| | - Antje Beling
- Institute of Biochemistry (C.C.G., H.L.N., M.K., A.B.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), partner side Berlin, Germany (C.C.G., M.K., U.L., A.K., A.B.)
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Senécal JL, Hoa S, Yang R, Koenig M. Pathogenic roles of autoantibodies in systemic sclerosis: Current understandings in pathogenesis. JOURNAL OF SCLERODERMA AND RELATED DISORDERS 2020; 5:103-129. [PMID: 35382028 PMCID: PMC8922609 DOI: 10.1177/2397198319870667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
The potential pathogenic role for autoantibodies in systemic sclerosis has captivated researchers for the past 40 years. This review answers the question whether there is yet sufficient knowledge to conclude that certain serum autoantibodies associated with systemic sclerosis contribute to its pathogenesis. Definitions for pathogenic, pathogenetic and functional autoantibodies are formulated, and the need to differentiate these autoantibodies from natural autoantibodies is emphasized. In addition, seven criteria for the identification of pathogenic autoantibodies are proposed. Experimental evidence is reviewed relevant to the classic systemic sclerosis antinuclear autoantibodies, anti-topoisomerase I and anticentromere, and to functional autoantibodies to endothelin 1 type A receptor, angiotensin II type 1 receptor, muscarinic receptor 3, platelet-derived growth factor receptor, chemokine receptors CXCR3 and CXCR4, estrogen receptor α, and CD22. Pathogenic evidence is also reviewed for anti-matrix metalloproteinases 1 and 3, anti-fibrillin 1, anti-IFI16, anti-eIF2B, anti-ICAM-1, and anti-RuvBL1/RuvBL2 autoantibodies. For each autoantibody, objective evidence for a pathogenic role is scored qualitatively according to the seven pathogenicity criteria. It is concluded that anti-topoisomerase I is the single autoantibody specificity with the most evidence in favor of a pathogenic role in systemic sclerosis, followed by anticentromere. However, these autoantibodies have not been demonstrated yet to fulfill completely the seven proposed criteria for pathogenicity. Their contributory roles to the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis remain possible but not yet conclusively demonstrated. With respect to functional autoantibodies and other autoantibodies, only a few criteria for pathogenicity are fulfilled. Their common presence in healthy and disease controls suggests that major subsets of these immunoglobulins are natural autoantibodies. While some of these autoantibodies may be pathogenetic in systemic sclerosis, establishing that they are truly pathogenic is a work in progress. Experimental data are difficult to interpret because high serum autoantibody levels may be due to polyclonal B-cell activation. Other limitations in experimental design are the use of total serum immunoglobulin G rather than affinity-purified autoantibodies, the confounding effect of other systemic sclerosis autoantibodies present in total immunoglobulin G and the lack of longitudinal studies to determine if autoantibody titers fluctuate with systemic sclerosis activity and severity. These intriguing new specificities expand the spectrum of autoantibodies observed in systemic sclerosis. Continuing elucidation of their potential mechanistic roles raises hope of a better understanding of systemic sclerosis pathogenesis leading to improved therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Luc Senécal
- Scleroderma Research Chair, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Division of Rheumatology, Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Autoimmunity Research Laboratory, Research Centre of the Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sabrina Hoa
- Division of Rheumatology, Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Autoimmunity Research Laboratory, Research Centre of the Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Roger Yang
- Division of Rheumatology, Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Martial Koenig
- Autoimmunity Research Laboratory, Research Centre of the Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Division of Internal Medicine, Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Abstract
Myocarditis (MCD) is a type of inflammatory disease in which inflammatory cells infiltrate the myocardium, leading to cardiac dysfunction, myocardial necrosis, and fibrosis. Although it has been reported that MCD is mediated by T cells, the immune system is complex and includes many types of immune cells that interact with one another. Through investigations of the inflammatory responses in MCD including myocardial necrosis, fibrosis, and arrhythmia, we have gained further insight into the pathogenesis of MCD. This article aims to discuss the diversity and the roles of immune cells involved in the pathogenesis of MCD. Moreover, immunotherapy for the treatment of MCD remains controversial, and further investigation is required to identify accurate immunotherapies for special cell types.
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Haberland A, Müller J, Wenzel K. Activation of T Lymphocytes as a Novel Mechanism in Beta1-Adrenergic Receptor Autoantibody-Induced Cardiac Remodeling-Additional Information About TLR9 Involvement. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2020; 33:767-768. [PMID: 30880373 PMCID: PMC6994436 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-019-06874-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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