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Thiel KL, da Silva J, Wolfarth M, Vanini J, Henriques JAP, de Oliveira IM, da Silva FR. Assessment of cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of glyphosate-based herbicide on glioblastoma cell lines: Role of p53 in cellular response and network analysis. Toxicology 2024; 508:153902. [PMID: 39094917 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Glyphosate, the world's most widely used herbicide, has a low toxicity rating despite substantial evidence of adverse health effects. Furthermore, glyphosate-based formulations (GBFs) contain several other chemicals, some of which are known to be harmful. Additionally, chronic, and acute exposure to GBFs among rural workers may lead to health impairments, such as neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. P53 is known as a tumor suppressor protein, acting as a key regulator of the cellular response to stress and DNA damage. Therefore, mutations in the TP53 gene, which encodes p53, are common genetic alterations found in various types of cancer. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of GBF in two glioblastoma cell lines: U87MG (TP53-proficient) and U251MG (TP53-mutant). Additionally, the study aimed to identify the main proteins involved in the response to GBF exposure using Systems Biology in a network containing p53 and another network without p53. The MTT assay was used to study the toxicity of GBF in the cell lines, the clonogenic assay was used to investigate cell survival, and the Comet Assay was used for genotoxicity evaluation. For data analysis, bioinformatics tools such as String 12.0 and Stitch 5.0 were applied, serving as a basis for designing binary networks in the Cytoscape 3.10.1 program. From the in vitro test analyses, it was observed a decrease in cell viability at doses starting from 10 ppm. Comet Assay at concentrations of 10 ppm and 30 ppm for the U251MG and U87MG cell lines, respectively observed DNA damage. The network generated with systems biology showed that the presence of p53 is important for the regulation of biological processes involved in genetic stability and neurotoxicity, processes that did not appear in the TP53-mutant network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Louise Thiel
- Laboratory of Genetics Toxicology, La Salle University, Av. Victor Barreto, 2288, Canoas, RS 92010-000, Brazil
| | - Juliana da Silva
- Laboratory of Genetics Toxicology, La Salle University, Av. Victor Barreto, 2288, Canoas, RS 92010-000, Brazil; Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Lutheran University of Brazil, Av. Farroupilha 8001, Canoas, RS 92425-900, Brazil.
| | - Micaele Wolfarth
- Laboratory of Genetics Toxicology, La Salle University, Av. Victor Barreto, 2288, Canoas, RS 92010-000, Brazil; Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Lutheran University of Brazil, Av. Farroupilha 8001, Canoas, RS 92425-900, Brazil
| | - Julia Vanini
- Department of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - João Antonio Pêgas Henriques
- Department of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e em Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - UNIVATES, Lajeado, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda Rabaioli da Silva
- Laboratory of Genetics Toxicology, La Salle University, Av. Victor Barreto, 2288, Canoas, RS 92010-000, Brazil.
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Josic U, Teti G, Ionescu A, Maravic T, Mazzitelli C, Cokic S, Van Meerbeek B, Falconi M, Brambilla E, Mazzoni A, Breschi L. Cytotoxicity and microbiological behavior of universal resin composite cements. Dent Mater 2024; 40:1515-1523. [PMID: 39054113 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the cytotoxicity on human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) and Streptococcus mutans (S.mutans) biofilm formation on universal resin composite cements (UCs). METHODS Three UCs (RelyX Universal, 3 M Oral Care - RXU; Panavia SA Cement Universal, Kuraray Noritake - PSAU; SoloCem, Coltene - SCM) and one 'gold-standard' multi-step cement (Panavia V5, Kuraray Noritake - PV5) were used following two polymerization protocols (light-cured - LC; self-cured - SC). Cytotoxicity (MTT) tests were performed after 1, 3 and 7 days of direct contact. Carboxy-2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate was used to detect the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) expression was analyzed by IL-6 proquantum high sensitivity immunoassay. S. mutans biofilms were grown on UCs samples in a bioreactor for 24 h, then adherent viable biomass was assessed using MTT assay. For microbiological procedures, half of UCs samples underwent accelerated aging. Data were statistically analyzed (α = 0.05). RESULTS The highest cytotoxicity was observed for PSAU SC, RXU SC, and PV5 SC at day 1, then for SC RXU after 3 days, and SC PSAU, LC PV5 and SCM after 1-week (p < 0.05). There was no increase in IL-6 expression after 1 day, while it increased depending on the group at 3 and 7 days. The highest ROS expression after 12 h was recorded for PSAU SC, PV5 SC and PV5 LC. Biofilm formation was as follows: RXU > > PSAU = PV5 > SCM, while light-curing systematically decreased biofilm formation (≈-33 %). Aging leveled out differences between UCs and between polymerization protocols. SIGNIFICANCE The choice of cement brand, rather than category, and polymerization protocol influence cell viability and microbiological behavior. Light-curing is beneficial for reducing the harmful pulpal effect that UCs may possess.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uros Josic
- Department for Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gabriella Teti
- Department for Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrei Ionescu
- Oral Microbiology and Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Tatjana Maravic
- Department for Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudia Mazzitelli
- Department for Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stevan Cokic
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & University Hospitals Leuven (UZ Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bart Van Meerbeek
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & University Hospitals Leuven (UZ Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mirella Falconi
- Department for Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Eugenio Brambilla
- Oral Microbiology and Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Annalisa Mazzoni
- Department for Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Breschi
- Department for Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
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ElBakry HA, Ammar MM, Moussa TA. Effect of nanodiamonds surface deposition on hydrophilicity, bulk degradation and in-vitrocell adhesion of 3D-printed polycaprolactone scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:055016. [PMID: 38917826 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad5bac] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
This study was designed to deposit nanodiamonds (NDs) on 3D-printed poly-ϵ-caprolactone (PCL) scaffolds and evaluate their effect on the surface topography, hydrophilicity, degradation, andin-vitrocell adhesion compared to untreated PCL scaffolds. The PCL scaffold specimens were 3D-printed by fused deposition modeling (FDM) technique with specific porosity parameters. The 3D-printed specimens' surfaces were modified by NDs deposition followed by oxygen plasma post-treatment using a plasma focus device and a non-thermal atmospheric plasma jet, respectively. Specimens were evaluated through morphological characterization by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), microstructure characterization by Raman spectroscopy, chemical characterization by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, hydrophilicity degree by contact angle and water uptake measurements, andin-vitrodegradation measurements (n= 6). In addition,in-vitrobone marrow mesenchymal stem cells adhesion was evaluated quantitatively by confocal microscopy and qualitatively by FESEM at different time intervals after cell seeding (n= 6). The statistical significance level was set atp⩽ 0.05. The FESEM micrographs, the Raman, and FTIR spectra confirmed the successful surface deposition of NDs on scaffold specimens. The NDs treated specimens showed nano-scale features distributed homogeneously across the surface compared to the untreated ones. Also, the NDs treated specimens revealed a statistically significant smaller contact angle (17.45 ± 1.34 degrees), higher water uptake percentage after 24 h immersion in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) (21.56% ± 1.73), and higher degradation rate after six months of immersion in PBS (43.92 ± 0.77%). Moreover, enhanced cell adhesion at all different time intervals was observed in NDs treated specimens with higher nuclei area fraction percentage (69.87 ± 3.97%) compared to the untreated specimens (11.46 ± 1.34%). Surface deposition of NDs with oxygen-containing functional groups on 3D-printed PCL scaffolds increased their hydrophilicity and degradation rate with significant enhancement of thein-vitrocell adhesion compared to untreated PCL scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadiah A ElBakry
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Ammar
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of oral and dental medicine, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Taheya A Moussa
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Musah S, Bhattacharya R, Himmelfarb J. Kidney Disease Modeling with Organoids and Organs-on-Chips. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 2024; 26:383-414. [PMID: 38424088 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-072623-044010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Kidney disease is a global health crisis affecting more than 850 million people worldwide. In the United States, annual Medicare expenditures for kidney disease and organ failure exceed $81 billion. Efforts to develop targeted therapeutics are limited by a poor understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying human kidney disease onset and progression. Additionally, 90% of drug candidates fail in human clinical trials, often due to toxicity and efficacy not accurately predicted in animal models. The advent of ex vivo kidney models, such as those engineered from induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells and organ-on-a-chip (organ-chip) systems, has garnered considerable interest owing to their ability to more accurately model tissue development and patient-specific responses and drug toxicity. This review describes recent advances in developing kidney organoids and organ-chips by harnessing iPS cell biology to model human-specific kidney functions and disease states. We also discuss challenges that must be overcome to realize the potential of organoids and organ-chips as dynamic and functional conduits of the human kidney. Achieving these technological advances could revolutionize personalized medicine applications and therapeutic discovery for kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Musah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA;
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Center for Biomolecular and Tissue Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program and Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Rohan Bhattacharya
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA;
- Center for Biomolecular and Tissue Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jonathan Himmelfarb
- Department of Medicine, Kidney Research Institute, and Division of Nephrology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA;
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Stordal B, Farrelly AM, Hennessy BT. Chromosomal copy number and mutational status are required to authenticate ovarian cancer cell lines as appropriate cell models. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:784. [PMID: 38940864 PMCID: PMC11213756 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09747-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mutational status of ovarian cancer cell line IGROV-1 is inconsistent across the literature, suggestive of multiple clonal populations of the cell line. IGROV-1 has previously been categorised as an inappropriate model for high-grade serous ovarian cancer. METHODS IGROV-1 cells were obtained from the Netherlands Cancer Institute (IGROV-1-NKI) and the MD Anderson Cancer Centre (IGROV-1-MDA). Cell lines were STR fingerprinted and had their chromosomal copy number analysed and BRCA1/2 genes sequenced. Mutation status of ovarian cancer-related genes were extracted from the literature. RESULTS The IGROV-1-NKI cell line has a tetraploid chromosomal profile. In contrast, the IGROV-1-MDA cell line has pseudo-normal chromosomes. The IGROV-1-NKI and IGROV-MDA are both STR matches (80.7% and 84.6%) to the original IGROV-1 cells isolated in 1985. However, IGROV-1-NKI and IGROV-1-MDA are not an STR match to each other (78.1%) indicating genetic drift. The BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene sequences are 100% identical between IGROV-1-MDA and IGROV-1-NKI, including a BRCA1 heterozygous deleterious mutation. The IGROV-1-MDA cells are more resistant to cisplatin and olaparib than IGROV-1-NKI. IGROV-1 has a mutational profile consistent with both Type I (PTEN, PIK3CA and ARID1A) and Type II ovarian cancer (BRCA1, TP53) and is likely to be a Type II high-grade serous carcinoma of the SET (Solid, pseudo-Endometroid and Transitional cell carcinoma-like morphology) subtype. CONCLUSIONS Routine testing of chromosomal copy number as well as the mutational status of ovarian cancer related genes should become the new standard alongside STR fingerprinting to ensure that ovarian cancer cell lines are appropriate models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britta Stordal
- Department of Natural Sciences, Middlesex University London, The Burroughs, Hendon, London, NW4 4BT, UK.
| | - Angela M Farrelly
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beaumont Hospital and Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Bryan T Hennessy
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beaumont Hospital and Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
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Ell M, Bui MT, Kigili S, Zeck G, Prado-López S. Assessment of chemotherapeutic effects on cancer cells using adhesion noise spectroscopy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1385730. [PMID: 38803844 PMCID: PMC11128629 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1385730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
With cancer as one of the leading causes of death worldwide, there is a need for the development of accurate, cost-effective, easy-to-use, and fast drug-testing assays. While the NCI 60 cell-line screening as the gold standard is based on a colorimetric assay, monitoring cells electrically constitutes a label-free and non-invasive tool to assess the cytotoxic effects of a chemotherapeutic treatment on cancer cells. For decades, impedance-based cellular assays extensively investigated various cell characteristics affected by drug treatment but lack spatiotemporal resolution. With progress in microelectrode fabrication, high-density Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS)-based microelectrode arrays (MEAs) with subcellular resolution and time-continuous recording capability emerged as a potent alternative. In this article, we present a new cell adhesion noise (CAN)-based electrical imaging technique to expand CMOS MEA cell-biology applications: CAN spectroscopy enables drug screening quantification with single-cell spatial resolution. The chemotherapeutic agent 5-Fluorouracil exerts a cytotoxic effect on colorectal cancer (CRC) cells hampering cell proliferation and lowering cell viability. For proof-of-concept, we found sufficient accuracy and reproducibility for CAN spectroscopy compared to a commercially available standard colorimetric biological assay. This label-free, non-invasive, and fast electrical imaging technique complements standardized cancer screening methods with significant advances over established impedance-based approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Ell
- Institute of Biomedical Electronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mai Thu Bui
- Institute of Biomedical Electronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Seyda Kigili
- Institute of Solid State Electronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Günther Zeck
- Institute of Biomedical Electronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sonia Prado-López
- Institute of Solid State Electronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
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Barreñada O, González-Sanz S, López-Palacios A, Carballo JA, Del Mazo J, Brieño-Enríquez MA. Analysis of Meiotic Progression by Ex Vivo Culture of Mouse Embryonic Ovaries. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2818:133-145. [PMID: 39126471 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3906-1_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Oogenesis is the central process required to produce viable oocytes in female mammals. It is initiated during embryonic development, and it involves the specification of primordial germ cells (PGCs) and progresses through the activation of the meiotic program, reaching a crucial phase in prophase I before pausing at diplotene around the time of birth. The significance of meiosis, particularly the prophase I stage, cannot be overstated, as it plays a pivotal role in ensuring the formation of healthy gametes, a prerequisite for successful reproduction. While research has explored meiosis across various organisms, understanding how environmental factors, including radiation, drugs, endocrine disruptors, reproductive age, or diet, influence this complex developmental process remains incomplete. In this chapter, we describe an ex vivo culture method to investigate meiotic prophase I and beyond and the disruption of oogenesis by external factors. Using this methodology, it is possible to evaluate the effects of individual xenobiotics by administering chemicals at specific points during oogenesis. This culture technique was optimized to study the effects of two selected endocrine disruptors (vinclozolin and MEHP), demonstrating that vinclozolin exposure delayed meiotic differentiation and MEHP exposure reduced follicle size. This approach also opens avenues for future applications, involving the exploration of established or novel pharmaceutical substances and their influence on essential events during prophase I, such as homologous recombination and chromosome segregation. These processes collectively dictate the ultimate fitness of oocytes, with potential implications for factors relevant to the reproductive age and fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Odei Barreñada
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Silvia González-Sanz
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Biology. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba López-Palacios
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Biology. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús A Carballo
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG, CSIC-USAL), Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Jesús Del Mazo
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Biology. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Miguel A Brieño-Enríquez
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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de Carvalho JCB, de Oliveira IM, Trindade C, Juchem ALM, da Silva Machado M, Guecheva TN, Moura S, de Souza LAG, Vainstein MH, Henriques JAP. Chemical characterization of Callingcard Vine (Entada polystachya (L.) DC. var. polystachya) aqueous seed extract and evaluation of its cytotoxic, genotoxic and mutagenic properties. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2023; 891:503687. [PMID: 37770144 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2023.503687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Callingcard Vine (Entada polystachya (L.) DC. var. polystachya - Fabaceae) is a common plant in coastal thickets from western Mexico through Central America to Colombia and Brazil, especially in Amazon biome. It has been popularly used as a urinary burning reliever and diuretic. However, the plant chemical constituents are poorly understood and Entada spp. genotoxic potential have not been previously investigated. In the present study we determined the chemical composition of the aqueous E. polystachya crude seed extract (EPCSE) and evaluated the cytotoxic, genotoxic and mutagenic properties of EPCSE in Salmonella typhimurium and Chinese hamster fibroblast (V79) cells. Cytotoxic activity was also evaluated in tumor cell lines (HT29, MCF7 and U87) and non-malignant cells (MRC5). The chemical analysis by High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS) of EPCSE indicated the presence of saponin and chalcone. The results of the MTT and clonal survival assays suggest that EPCSE is cytotoxic to V79 cells. Survival analysis showed higher IC50 in non-tumor compared with tumor cell lines. EPCSE showed induction of DNA strand breaks as revealed by the alkaline comet assay and micronucleus test. Using the modified comet assay, it was possible to detect the induction of oxidative DNA base damage by EPCSE in V79 cells. Consistently, the extract induced increase lipid peroxidation (TBARS), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in V79 cells. In addition, EPCSE induced mutations in S. typhimurium TA98 and TA100 strains, confirming a mutagenic potential. Taken together, our results suggest that EPCSE is cytotoxic and genotoxic to V79 cells and mutagenic to S. typhimurium. These properties can be related to the pro-oxidant ability of the extract and induction of DNA lesions. Additionally, EPCSE could inhibit the growth of tumor cells, especially human colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT29) cell line, and can constitute a possible source of antitumor natural agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Cristina Bugs de Carvalho
- Department of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Iuri Marques de Oliveira
- Department of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Genetics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Cristiano Trindade
- Faculty of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, Simón Bolívar University, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | | | - Miriana da Silva Machado
- Department of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; InnVitro Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Temenouga Nikolova Guecheva
- Department of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Institute of Molecular Biology "Roumen Tsanev", Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Sidnei Moura
- Laboratory of Natural and Synthetics Products, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Luiz Augusto Gomes de Souza
- Environment and Health Society Coordination of the National Institute for Research in the Amazon (COSAS/INPA), Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Marilene Henning Vainstein
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - João Antonio Pêgas Henriques
- Department of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Genetics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; InnVitro Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Postgraduate Programs in Biotechnology and Medical Sciences, University of Vale do Taquari - UNIVATES, Lajeado, RS, Brazil
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Kulus M, Jankowski M, Kranc W, Golkar Narenji A, Farzaneh M, Dzięgiel P, Zabel M, Antosik P, Bukowska D, Mozdziak P, Kempisty B. Bioreactors, scaffolds and microcarriers and in vitro meat production-current obstacles and potential solutions. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1225233. [PMID: 37743926 PMCID: PMC10513094 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1225233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro meat production presents a potential viable alternative for meat consumption, which could provide the consumer with a product indistinguishable from the original, with very similar nutritional and culinary values. Indeed, the alternative products currently accessible often lack comparable nutritional value or culinary attributes to their animal-derived counterparts. This creates challenges for their global acceptance, particularly in countries where meat consumption holds cultural significance. However, while cultured meat research has been progressing rapidly in recent years, some significant obstacles still need to be overcome before its possible commercialization. Hence, this review summarizes the most current knowledge regarding the history of cultured meat, the currently used cell sources and methods used for the purpose of in vitro meat production, with particular focus on the role of bioreactors, scaffolds and microcarriers in overcoming the current obstacles. The authors put the potential microcarrier and scaffold-based solutions in a context, discussing the ways in which they can impact the way forward for the technology, including the use of considering the potential practical and societal barriers to implementing it as a viable food source worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kulus
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland
| | - Maurycy Jankowski
- Department of Computer Science and Statistics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Wiesława Kranc
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Afsaneh Golkar Narenji
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Maryam Farzaneh
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Piotr Dzięgiel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Zabel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
- Division of Anatomy and Histology, University of Zielona Góra, Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Paweł Antosik
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland
| | - Dorota Bukowska
- Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland
| | - Paul Mozdziak
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
- Physiology Graduate Faculty, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland
- Physiology Graduate Faculty, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
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10
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Juchem ALM, Trindade C, da Silva JB, Machado MDS, Guecheva TN, Rocha JC, Saffi J, de Oliveira IM, Henriques JAP, Escargueil A. Diphenyl ditelluride anticancer activity and DNA topoisomerase I poisoning in human colon cancer HCT116 cells. Oncotarget 2023; 14:637-649. [PMID: 37343056 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Diphenyl ditelluride (DPDT) is an organotellurium (OT) compound with pharmacological properties, including antioxidant, antigenotoxic and antimutagenic activities when applied at low concentrations. However, DPDT as well as other OT compounds also show cytotoxicity against mammalian cells when treatments occur at higher drug concentrations. Considering that the underlying mechanisms of toxicity of DPDT against tumor cells have been poorly explored, the objective of our study was to investigate the effects of DPDT against both human cancer and non-tumorigenic cells. As a model, we used the colonic HCT116 cancer cells and the MRC5 fibroblasts. Our results showed that DPDT preferentially targets HCT116 cancer cells when compared to MRC5 cells with IC50 values of 2.4 and 10.1 μM, respectively. This effect was accompanied by the induction of apoptosis and a pronounced G2/M cell cycle arrest in HCT116 cells. Furthermore, DPDT induces DNA strand breaks at concentrations below 5 μM in HCT116 cells and promotes the occurrence of DNA double strand breaks mostly during S-phase as measured by γ-H2AX/EdU double staining. Finally, DPDT forms covalent complexes with DNA topoisomerase I, as observed by the TARDIS assay, with a more prominent effect observed in HCT116 than in MRC5 cells. Taken together, our results show that DPDT preferentially targets HCT116 colon cancer cells likely through DNA topoisomerase I poisoning. This makes DPDT an interesting molecule for further development as an anti-proliferative compound in the context of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Luiz Mendes Juchem
- Department of Biophysics/Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Paris F-75012, France
| | - Cristiano Trindade
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana Bondan da Silva
- Department of Postgraduate Program in Molecular and Cell Biology Applied to Health, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, Brazil
| | - Miriana da Silva Machado
- Department of Biophysics/Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Temenouga Nikolova Guecheva
- Department of Biophysics/Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Jaqueline Cesar Rocha
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
| | - Jenifer Saffi
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
| | - Iuri Marques de Oliveira
- Department of Biophysics/Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - João Antonio Pêgas Henriques
- Department of Biophysics/Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology and Medical Sciences, University of Vale do Taquari - UNIVATES, Lajeado - RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Escargueil
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Paris F-75012, France
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11
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A novel feature for monitoring the enzymatic harvesting process of adherent cell cultures based on lens-free imaging. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22202. [PMID: 36564377 PMCID: PMC9789138 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22561-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Adherent cell cultures are often dissociated from their culture vessel (and each other) through enzymatic harvesting, where the detachment response is monitored by an operator. However, this approach is lacking standardisation and reproducibility, and prolonged exposure or too high concentrations can affect the cell's viability and differentiation potential. Quantitative monitoring systems are required to characterise the cell detachment response and objectively determine the optimal time-point to inhibit the enzymatic reaction. State-of-the-art methodologies rely on bulky imaging systems and/or features (e.g. circularity) that lack robustness. In this study, lens-free imaging (LFI) technology was used to develop a novel cell detachment feature. Seven different donors were cultured and subsequently harvested with a (diluted) enzymatic harvesting solution after 3, 5 and 7 days of culture. Cell detachment was captured with the LFI set-up over a period of 20 min (every 20 s) and by optimising the reconstruction of the LFI intensity images, a new feature could be identified. Bright regions in the intensity image were identified as detaching cells and using image analysis, a method was developed to automatically extract this feature, defined as the percentage of detached cell regions. Next, the method was quantitatively and qualitatively validated on a diverse set of images. Average absolute error values of 1.49%, 1.34% and 1.97% were obtained for medium to high density and overconfluent cultures, respectively. The detachment response was quantified for all conditions and the optimal time for enzyme inhibition was reached when approximately 92.5% of the cells were detached. On average, inhibition times of 9.6-11.1 and 16.2-17.2 min were obtained for medium to high density and overconfluent cultures, respectively. In general, overconfluent cultures detached much slower, while their detachment rate was also decreased by the diluted harvesting solution. Moreover, several donors exhibited similar trends in cell detachment behaviour, with two clear outliers. Using the novel feature, measurements can be performed with an increased robustness, while the compact LFI design could pave the way for in situ monitoring in a variety of culture vessels, including bioreactors.
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12
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Wilmoth RL, Sharma S, Ferguson VL, Bryant SJ. The effects of prostaglandin E2 on gene expression of IDG-SW3-derived osteocytes in 2D and 3D culture. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 630:8-15. [PMID: 36126467 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a key signaling molecule produced by osteocytes in response to mechanical loading, but its effect on osteocytes is less understood. This work examined the effect of PGE2 on IDG-SW3-derived osteocytes in standard 2D culture (collagen-coated tissue culture polystyrene) and in a 3D degradable poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogel. IDG-SW3 cells were differentiated for 35 days into osteocytes in 2D and 3D cultures. 3D culture led to a more mature osteocyte phenotype with 100-fold higher Sost expression. IDG-SW3-derived osteocytes were treated with PGE2 and assessed for expression of genes involved in PGE2, anabolic, and catabolic signaling. In 2D, PGE2 had a rapid (1 h) and sustained (24 h) effect on many PGE2 signaling genes, a rapid stimulatory effect on Il6, and a sustained inhibitory effect on Tnfrsf11b and Bglap. Comparing culture environment without PGE2, osteocytes had higher expression of all four EP receptors and Sost but lower expression of Tnfrsf11b, Bglap, and Gja1 in 3D. Osteocytes were more responsive to PGE2 in 3D. With increasing PGE2, 3D led to increased Gja1 and decreased Sost expressions and a higher Tnfrsf11b/Tnfsf11 ratio, indicating an anabolic response. Further analysis in 3D revealed that EP4, the receptor implicated in PGE2 signaling in bone, was not responsible for the PGE2-induced gene expression changes in osteocytes. In summary, osteocytes are highly responsive to PGE2 when cultured in an in vitro 3D hydrogel model suggesting that autocrine and paracrine PGE2 signaling in osteocytes may play a role in bone homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L Wilmoth
- Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, 1111 Engineering Dr, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Sadhana Sharma
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, 3415 Colorado Ave, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Virginia L Ferguson
- Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, 1111 Engineering Dr, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA; BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado, 3415 Colorado Ave, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA; Materials Science and Engineering, University of Colorado, 4001 Discovery Dr., Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Stephanie J Bryant
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, 3415 Colorado Ave, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA; BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado, 3415 Colorado Ave, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA; Materials Science and Engineering, University of Colorado, 4001 Discovery Dr., Boulder, CO, 80309, USA.
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13
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A simplified procedure for isolation of primary murine microglia. Biotechniques 2022; 73:273-279. [DOI: 10.2144/btn-2022-0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There are various approaches in which one can isolate microglia from murine brains, such as immunomagnetic, density gradient, FACS and differential adhesive methods. In this procedure a modified flask-tapping approach was used due to its simplicity and reproducibility. Our protocol requires only a single step to isolate the microglia from the mixed cell population. Once the microglia were isolated, we characterized cell purity, microglial morphology and phagocytic activity. The single-step protocol, without the need for additional astrocyte or oligodendrocyte separation, allows microglial cells to be used immediately for experimental purposes. The protocol is low-cost and can be performed in any lab with standard cell-culture equipment.
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14
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Wildtype heterogeneity contributes to clonal variability in genome edited cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18211. [PMID: 36307508 PMCID: PMC9616811 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22885-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome editing tools such as CRISPR/Cas9 enable the rapid and precise manipulation of genomes. CRISPR-based genome editing has greatly simplified the study of gene function in cell lines, but its widespread use has also highlighted challenges of reproducibility. Phenotypic variability among different knockout clones of the same gene is a common problem confounding the establishment of robust genotype-phenotype correlations. Optimized genome editing protocols to enhance reproducibility include measures to reduce off-target effects. However, even if current state-of-the-art protocols are applied phenotypic variability is frequently observed. Here we identify heterogeneity of wild-type cells as an important and often neglected confounding factor in genome-editing experiments. We demonstrate that isolation of individual wild-type clones from an apparently homogenous stable cell line uncovers significant phenotypic differences between clones. Strikingly, we observe hundreds of differentially regulated transcripts (477 up- and 306 downregulated) when comparing two populations of wild-type cells. Furthermore, we show a variety of cellular and biochemical alterations in different wild-type clones in a range that is commonly interpreted as biologically relevant in genome-edited cells. Heterogeneity of wild-type cells thus contributes to variability in genome-edited cells when these are generated through isolation of clones. We show that the generation of monoclonal isogenic wild-type cells prior to genomic manipulation reduces phenotypic variability. We therefore propose to generate matched isogenic control cells prior to genome editing to increase reproducibility.
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15
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Tischler J, Swank Z, Hsiung HA, Vianello S, Lutolf MP, Maerkl SJ. An automated do-it-yourself system for dynamic stem cell and organoid culture in standard multi-well plates. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2022; 2:100244. [PMID: 35880022 PMCID: PMC9308133 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2022.100244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We present a low-cost, do-it-yourself system for complex mammalian cell culture under dynamically changing medium formulations by integrating conventional multi-well tissue culture plates with simple microfluidic control and system automation. We demonstrate the generation of complex concentration profiles, enabling the investigation of sophisticated input-response relations. We further apply our automated cell-culturing platform to the dynamic stimulation of two widely employed stem-cell-based in vitro models for early mammalian development: the conversion of naive mouse embryonic stem cells into epiblast-like cells and mouse 3D gastruloids. Performing automated medium-switch experiments, we systematically investigate cell fate commitment along the developmental trajectory toward mouse epiblast fate and examine symmetry-breaking, germ layer formation, and cardiac differentiation in mouse 3D gastruloids as a function of time-varying Wnt pathway activation. With these proof-of-principle examples, we demonstrate a highly versatile and scalable tool that can be adapted to specific research questions, experimental demands, and model systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Tischler
- Laboratory of Biological Network Characterization, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015 Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Zoe Swank
- Laboratory of Biological Network Characterization, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015 Vaud, Switzerland
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hao-An Hsiung
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Bioengineering, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences and School of Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015 Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Vianello
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Bioengineering, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences and School of Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015 Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Matthias P. Lutolf
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Bioengineering, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences and School of Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015 Vaud, Switzerland
- Roche Institute for Translational Bioengineering (TB), Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), F. Hoffman-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian J. Maerkl
- Laboratory of Biological Network Characterization, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015 Vaud, Switzerland
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16
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Streamlining Culture Conditions for the Neuroblastoma Cell Line SH-SY5Y: A Prerequisite for Functional Studies. Methods Protoc 2022; 5:mps5040058. [PMID: 35893584 PMCID: PMC9326679 DOI: 10.3390/mps5040058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y has been a well-established and very popular in vitro model in neuroscience for decades, especially focusing on neurodevelopmental disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease. The ability of this cell type to differentiate compared with other models in neurobiology makes it one of the few suitable models without having to rely on a primary culture of neuronal cells. Over the years, various, partly contradictory, methods of cultivation have been reported. This study is intended to provide a comprehensive guide to the in vitro cultivation of undifferentiated SH-SY5Y cells. For this purpose, the morphology of the cell line and the differentiation of the individual subtypes are described, and instructions for cell culture practice and long-term cryoconservation are provided. We describe the key growth characteristics of this cell line, including proliferation and confluency data, optimal initial seeding cell numbers, and a comparison of different culture media and cell viability during cultivation. Furthermore, applying an optimized protocol in a long-term cultivation over 60 days, we show that cumulative population doubling (CPD) is constant over time and does not decrease with incremental passage, enabling stable cultivation, for example, for recurrent differentiation to achieve the highest possible reproducibility in subsequent analyses. Therefore, we provide a solid guidance for future research that employs the neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y.
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17
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Zuñiga Martinez MDL, López Mendoza CM, Tenorio Salazar J, García Carrancá AM, Cerbón Cervantes MA, Alcántara-Quintana LE. Establishment, authenticity, and characterization of cervical cancer cell lines. Mol Cell Oncol 2022; 9:2078628. [PMID: 35692560 PMCID: PMC9176225 DOI: 10.1080/23723556.2022.2078628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cell lines have been considered excellent research models in many areas of biomedicine and, specifically, in the study of carcinogenesis. However, they cease to be effective models if their behavior changes. Although studies on the cross-contamination of cell lines originating from different tissues have been performed, little is known about cell lines derived from cervical neoplasia. We know that high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) is associated with the development of this type of cancer. This link between HPV infection and cancer was first established over 35 years ago when HPV16 DNA was found to be present in a large proportion of cervical cancer biopsies. The present review paper aims to report the status of the establishment, authenticity, and characterization of cervical cancer (CC) cell lines. This is a systematic review of articles on the establishment, authenticity, and characterization of CC cell lines, published from 1960 to date in the databases and in cell repository databases. 52 cell lines were identified in the literature. Only 25 cell lines were derived from cervical neoplasia, of which only 45.8% have a reported identity test (genomic fingerprint). Despite the increase in the establishment of cell lines of cervical neoplasia and the standards for the regulation of these study models, the criteria for their characterization continue to be diverse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma de Lourdes Zuñiga Martinez
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biomédicas Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México,Unidad de Innovación en Diagnóstico Celular y Molecular. Coordinación para la Innovación y la Aplicación de la Ciencia y Tecnología, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Carlos Miguel López Mendoza
- Unidad de Innovación en Diagnóstico Celular y Molecular. Coordinación para la Innovación y la Aplicación de la Ciencia y Tecnología, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Jared Tenorio Salazar
- Unidad de Innovación en Diagnóstico Celular y Molecular. Coordinación para la Innovación y la Aplicación de la Ciencia y Tecnología, San Luis Potosí, México
| | | | - Marco Antonio Cerbón Cervantes
- – Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoUnidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología “Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes” , Ciudad de México, México
| | - Luz Eugenia Alcántara-Quintana
- Catedra CONACYT, Unidad de Innovación en Diagnóstico Celular y Molecular. Coordinación para la Innovación y la Aplicación de la Ciencia y Tecnología, San LuisPotosí, México,CONTACT Luz Eugenia Alcántara-Quintana CIACYT, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, C.P. 78210, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, San Luis Potosí, México
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18
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Biegler MT, Fedrigo O, Collier P, Mountcastle J, Haase B, Tilgner HU, Jarvis ED. Induction of an immortalized songbird cell line allows for gene characterization and knockout by CRISPR-Cas9. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4369. [PMID: 35288582 PMCID: PMC8921232 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07434-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The zebra finch is one of the most commonly studied songbirds in biology, particularly in genomics, neuroscience and vocal communication. However, this species lacks a robust cell line for molecular biology research and reagent optimization. We generated a cell line, designated CFS414, from zebra finch embryonic fibroblasts using the SV40 large and small T antigens. This cell line demonstrates an improvement over previous songbird cell lines through continuous and density-independent growth, allowing for indefinite culture and monoclonal line derivation. Cytogenetic, genomic, and transcriptomic profiling established the provenance of this cell line and identified the expression of genes relevant to ongoing songbird research. Using this cell line, we disrupted endogenous gene sequences using S.aureus Cas9 and confirmed a stress-dependent localization response of a song system specialized gene, SAP30L. The utility of CFS414 cells enhances the comprehensive molecular potential of the zebra finch and validates cell immortalization strategies in a songbird species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Biegler
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics of Language, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
| | - Olivier Fedrigo
- Vertebrate Genome Laboratory, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Paul Collier
- Center for Neurogenetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weil Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | | | - Bettina Haase
- Vertebrate Genome Laboratory, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Hagen U Tilgner
- Center for Neurogenetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weil Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Erich D Jarvis
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics of Language, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
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19
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Luo Y, Lu H, Peng D, Ruan X, Chen YE, Guo Y. Liver-humanized mice: A translational strategy to study metabolic disorders. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:489-506. [PMID: 34661916 PMCID: PMC9126562 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The liver is the metabolic core of the whole body. Tools commonly used to study the human liver metabolism include hepatocyte cell lines, primary human hepatocytes, and pluripotent stem cells-derived hepatocytes in vitro, and liver genetically humanized mouse model in vivo. However, none of these systems can mimic the human liver in physiological and pathological states satisfactorily. Liver-humanized mice, which are established by reconstituting mouse liver with human hepatocytes, have emerged as an attractive animal model to study drug metabolism and evaluate the therapeutic effect in "human liver" in vivo because the humanized livers greatly replicate enzymatic features of human hepatocytes. The application of liver-humanized mice in studying metabolic disorders is relatively less common due to the largely uncertain replication of metabolic profiles compared to humans. Here, we summarize the metabolic characteristics and current application of liver-humanized mouse models in metabolic disorders that have been reported in the literature, trying to evaluate the pros and cons of using liver-humanized mice as novel mouse models to study metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Luo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Haocheng Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Daoquan Peng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Xiangbo Ruan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA
| | - Y. Eugene Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Center for Advanced Models and Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yanhong Guo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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20
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Munteanu C, Mireşan V, Răducu C, Ihuţ A, Uiuiu P, Pop D, Neacşu A, Cenariu M, Groza I. Can Cultured Meat Be an Alternative to Farm Animal Production for a Sustainable and Healthier Lifestyle? Front Nutr 2021; 8:749298. [PMID: 34671633 PMCID: PMC8522976 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.749298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Producing animal proteins requires large areas of agricultural land and is a major source of greenhouse gases. Cellular agriculture, especially cultured meat, could be a potential alternative for the environment and human health. It enables meat and other agricultural products to be grown from cells in a bioreactor without being taken from farm animals. This paper aims at an interdisciplinary review of literature focusing on potential benefits and risks associated with cultured meat. To achieve this goal, several international databases and governmental projects were thoroughly analyzed using keywords and phrases with specialty terms. This is a growing scientific domain, which has generated a series of debates regarding its potential effects. On the one hand the potential of beneficial effects is the reduction of agricultural land usage, pollution and the improvement of human health. Other authors question if cultured meat could be a sustainable alternative for reducing gas emissions. Interestingly, the energy used for cultured meat could be higher, due to the replacement of some biological functions, by technological processes. For potential effects to turn into results, a realistic understanding of the technology involved and more experimental studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camelia Munteanu
- Department of Plant Culture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Vioara Mireşan
- Department of Fundamental Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Camelia Răducu
- Department of Technological Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrada Ihuţ
- Department of Technological Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Paul Uiuiu
- Department of Fundamental Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Daria Pop
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology II "Dominic Stanca, " University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu" Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandra Neacşu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihai Cenariu
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Reproductive Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioan Groza
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Reproductive Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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21
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Albumin Microspheres as "Trans-Ferry-Beads" for Easy Cell Passaging in Cell Culture Technology. Gels 2021; 7:gels7040176. [PMID: 34707076 PMCID: PMC8552077 DOI: 10.3390/gels7040176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein hydrogels represent ideal materials for advanced cell culture applications, including 3D-cultivation of even fastidious cells. Key properties of fully functional and, at the same time, economically successful cell culture materials are excellent biocompatibility and advanced fabrication processes allowing their easy production even on a large scale based on affordable compounds. Chemical crosslinking of bovine serum albumin (BSA) with N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N’-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) in a water-in-oil emulsion with isoparaffinic oil as the continuous phase and sorbitan monooleate as surfactant generates micro-meter-scale spherical particles. They allow a significant simplification of an indispensable and laborious step in traditional cell culture workflows. This cell passaging (or splitting) to fresh culture vessels/flasks conventionally requires harsh trypsinization, which can be omitted by using the “trans-ferry-beads” presented here. When added to different pre-cultivated adherent cell lines, the beads are efficiently boarded by cells as passengers and can be easily transferred afterward for the embarkment of novel flasks. After this procedure, cells are perfectly viable and show normal growth behavior. Thus, the trans-ferry-beads not only may become extremely affordable as a final product but also may generally replace trypsinization in conventional cell culture, thereby opening new routes for the establishment of optimized and resource-efficient workflows in biological and medical cell culture laboratories.
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22
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Ghorbani F, Abdihaji M, Roudkenar MH, Ebrahimi A. Development of a Cell-Based Biosensor for Residual Detergent Detection in Decellularized Scaffolds. ACS Synth Biol 2021; 10:2715-2724. [PMID: 34550680 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.1c00321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Ex vivo engineering of organs that uses decellularized whole organs as a scaffold with autologous stem cells is a potential alternative to traditional transplantation. However, one of the main challenges in this approach is preparing cytocompatible scaffolds. So far, high-precision and specific evaluation methods have not been developed for this purpose. Cell-based biosensors (CBBs) are promising tools to measure analytes with high sensitivity and specificity in a cost-effective and noninvasive manner. In this paper, using the NF-κB inducible promoter we developed a CBB for residual detergent detection. Proximal and core sections of the inducible promoter, containing NF-κB binding sequence, are designed and cloned upstream of the reporter gene (secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP)). After transfection into HEK293 cells, stable and reliable clones were selected. After confirmation of induction of this gene construct by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), the stability and function of cells treated by qPCR and SEAP activity were measured. This biosensor was also used to evaluate the cytocompatibility of decellularized tissue. Results showed that the developed biosensor could detect very small amounts of SDS detergent (3.467 pM). It has the best performance 8 h after exposure to detergent, and its stability in high passage numbers was not significantly reduced. Applying this biosensor on decellularized tissues showed that SEAP activity higher than 4.36 (U/L) would lead to a viability reduction of transplanted cells below 70%. This paper presents a novel method to evaluate the cytocompatibility of decellularized tissues. The developed CBB can detect residual detergents (such as SDS) in tissues with high sensitivity and efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ghorbani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, 4256 Rasht, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Abdihaji
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Mehryar Habibi Roudkenar
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, 4256 Rasht, Iran
| | - Ammar Ebrahimi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, 4256 Rasht, Iran
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland
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23
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Pazdzior R, Kubicek S. PlateFlo - A software-controllable plate-scale perfusion system for culture of adherent cells. HARDWAREX 2021; 10:e00222. [PMID: 35607664 PMCID: PMC9123465 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2021.e00222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Here we present a versatile system for milliliter-scale perfusion culture of adherent cells that can be built using basic tools, based on a readily available one-well culture plate (84 cm2 culture area). Media composition and flow paths can be programmatically controlled via USB serial interface using the FETbox hardware controller and associated PlateFlo Python package. The FETbox can control up to five high current 12 V devices such as common pinch valves, solenoids, and DC motor peristaltic pumps. It was designed to be easily customized with built-in accommodation for additional electronic components (e.g. analog sensors and input), use of the ubiquitous Arduino Nano platform, and easily expanded serial communication protocol. Multiple FETboxes can be used in parallel for additional devices. Applications of the PlateFlo system include perfusion culture of laboratory experiments requiring large cell numbers including genome-scale genetic screens and proteomics, as well as novel perfusion schemes including dynamic media conditions and sequential cell culture.
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Key Words
- Adherent
- Automation
- BOM, bill of materials
- CFD, computational fluid dynamics
- Cell culture
- DMEM, Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium
- EUR, Euro
- FDM, fused deposition modelling
- MCU, microcontroller unit
- MOSFET, metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor
- Microplate
- Millifluidic
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- PCB, printed circuit board
- PWM, pulse width modulation
- Perfusion
- hIPSC, human induced pluripotent stem cell
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24
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Zheng F, Xiao Y, Liu H, Fan Y, Dao M. Patient-Specific Organoid and Organ-on-a-Chip: 3D Cell-Culture Meets 3D Printing and Numerical Simulation. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2021; 5:e2000024. [PMID: 33856745 PMCID: PMC8243895 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202000024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The last few decades have witnessed diversified in vitro models to recapitulate the architecture and function of living organs or tissues and contribute immensely to advances in life science. Two novel 3D cell culture models: 1) Organoid, promoted mainly by the developments of stem cell biology and 2) Organ-on-a-chip, enhanced primarily due to microfluidic technology, have emerged as two promising approaches to advance the understanding of basic biological principles and clinical treatments. This review describes the comparable distinct differences between these two models and provides more insights into their complementarity and integration to recognize their merits and limitations for applicable fields. The convergence of the two approaches to produce multi-organoid-on-a-chip or human organoid-on-a-chip is emerging as a new approach for building 3D models with higher physiological relevance. Furthermore, rapid advancements in 3D printing and numerical simulations, which facilitate the design, manufacture, and results-translation of 3D cell culture models, can also serve as novel tools to promote the development and propagation of organoid and organ-on-a-chip systems. Current technological challenges and limitations, as well as expert recommendations and future solutions to address the promising combinations by incorporating organoids, organ-on-a-chip, 3D printing, and numerical simulation, are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyin Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yuminghao Xiao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Hui Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yubo Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ming Dao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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25
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Lopes BRP, Ribeiro AG, Silva TF, Barbosa LV, Jesus TI, Matsuda BK, Costa MF, Toledo KA. Diagnosis and treatment of HEp-2 cells contaminated with mycoplasma. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 81:37-43. [PMID: 32321065 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.215721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Contamination of primary and cell cultures by mycoplasmas is one of the main economic and biological pitfalls in basic research, diagnosis and manufacture of biotechnological products. It is a common issue which may be difficult to conduct surveillance on. Mycoplasma presence may affect several physiological parameters of the cell, besides being considered an important source of inaccurate and/or non-reproducible scientific results. Each cell type presents characteristical symptoms, mainly morphological, that indicate a contamination by mycoplasma. HEp-2 cells originate from carcinoma of the larynx and are, therefore, part of the respiratory tract, which is one of mycoplasma habitats. Despite the importance these cells in several biological research (evaluation of cell proliferation and migration, apoptosis, antiviral and antitumor compounds), the alterations induced by mycoplasma contamination in HEp-2 cells have not yet been described. Here, we describe the progressive morphological alterations in culture of HEp-2 cells infected with mycoplasma, as well as the-diagnosis of the infection and its treatment. Mycoplasma contamination described within this work led to cytoplasm elongation, cell-to-cell spacing, thin plasma membrane projections, cytoplasmic vacuoles, fusion with neighboring cells, and, finally, cell death. Contamination was detected by fluorescence imaging (DAPI) and PCR reactions. The cultures were treated with BM-Cyclin antibiotic to eliminate contamination. The data presented here will be of relevance to researchers whose investigations involve cell culture, especially respiratory and HEp-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- B R P Lopes
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências e Letras, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Av. Dom Antônio, 2100, Parque Universitário, CEP 19806-900, Assis, SP, Brasil.,Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas - IBILCE, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, R. Cristovão Colombo, 2265, Jardim Nazareth, CEP 15054-000, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - A G Ribeiro
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências e Letras, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Av. Dom Antônio, 2100, Parque Universitário, CEP 19806-900, Assis, SP, Brasil.,Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas - IBILCE, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, R. Cristovão Colombo, 2265, Jardim Nazareth, CEP 15054-000, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - T F Silva
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências e Letras, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Av. Dom Antônio, 2100, Parque Universitário, CEP 19806-900, Assis, SP, Brasil
| | - L V Barbosa
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências e Letras, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Av. Dom Antônio, 2100, Parque Universitário, CEP 19806-900, Assis, SP, Brasil
| | - T I Jesus
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências e Letras, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Av. Dom Antônio, 2100, Parque Universitário, CEP 19806-900, Assis, SP, Brasil
| | - B K Matsuda
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências e Letras, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Av. Dom Antônio, 2100, Parque Universitário, CEP 19806-900, Assis, SP, Brasil
| | - M F Costa
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências e Letras, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Av. Dom Antônio, 2100, Parque Universitário, CEP 19806-900, Assis, SP, Brasil
| | - K A Toledo
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências e Letras, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Av. Dom Antônio, 2100, Parque Universitário, CEP 19806-900, Assis, SP, Brasil.,Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas - IBILCE, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, R. Cristovão Colombo, 2265, Jardim Nazareth, CEP 15054-000, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brasil
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26
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Schneider S, Erdemann F, Schneider O, Hutschalik T, Loskill P. Organ-on-a-disc: A platform technology for the centrifugal generation and culture of microphysiological 3D cell constructs amenable for automation and parallelization. APL Bioeng 2020; 4:046101. [PMID: 33062909 PMCID: PMC7532019 DOI: 10.1063/5.0019766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Organ-on-a-chip (OoC) systems have evolved to a promising alternative to animal testing and traditional cell assays in drug development and enable personalization for precision medicine. So far, most OoCs do not fully exploit the potential of microfluidic systems regarding parallelization and automation. To date, many OoCs still consist of individual units, integrating only one single tissue per chip, and rely on manual, error-prone handling. However, with limited parallelization and automation, OoCs remain a low-throughput technology, preventing their widespread application in industry. To advance the concept of microphysiological systems and to overcome the limitations of current OoCs, we developed the Organ-on-a-disc (Organ-Disc) technology. Driven only by rotation, Organ-Discs enable the parallelized generation and culture of multiple 3D cell constructs per disc. We fabricated polydimethylsiloxane-free Organ-Discs using thermoplastic materials and scalable fabrication techniques. Utilizing precisely controllable centrifugal forces, cells were loaded simultaneously into 20 tissue chambers, where they formed uniform cell pellets. Subsequently, the cells compacted into dense 3D cell constructs and were cultured under vasculature-like perfusion through pump- and tubing-free, centrifugal pumping, solely requiring a low-speed rotation (<1 g) of the Organ-Disc. Here, we provide a proof-of-concept of the Organ-Disc technology, showing the parallelized generation of tissue-like cell constructs and demonstrating the controlled centrifugal perfusion. Furthermore, Organ-Discs enable versatile tissue engineering, generating cell constructs with a customizable shape and a layered multi-cell type structure. Overall, the Organ-Disc provides a user-friendly platform technology for the parallelization and automation of microphysiological systems, bringing this technology one-step closer to high-throughput applications in industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Schneider
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Nobelstrasse 12, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Florian Erdemann
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Nobelstrasse 12, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Oliver Schneider
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Nobelstrasse 12, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Thomas Hutschalik
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Nobelstrasse 12, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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27
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Bellani CF, Ajeian J, Duffy L, Miotto M, Groenewegen L, Connon CJ. Scale-Up Technologies for the Manufacture of Adherent Cells. Front Nutr 2020; 7:575146. [PMID: 33251241 PMCID: PMC7672005 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.575146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Great importance is being given to the impact our food supply chain and consumers' food habits are having on the environment, human health, and animal welfare. One of the latest developments aiming at positively changing the food ecosystem is represented by cultured meat. This form of cellular agriculture has the objective to generate slaughter-free meat products starting from the cultivation of few cells harvested from the animal tissue of interest. As a consequence, a large number of cells has to be generated at a reasonable cost. Just to give an idea of the scale, there were billions of cells just in a bite of the first cultured-meat burger. Thus, one of the major challenges faced by the scientists involved in this new ambitious and fascinating field, is how to efficiently scale-up cell manufacture. Considering the great potential presented by cultured meat, audiences from different backgrounds are very interested in this topic and eager to be informed of the challenges and possible solutions in this area. In light of this, we will provide an overview of the main existing bioprocessing technologies used to scale-up adherent cells at a small and large scale. Thus, giving a brief technical description of these bioprocesses, with the main associated advantages and disadvantages. Moreover, we will introduce an alternative solution we believe has the potential to revolutionize the way adherent cells are grown, helping cultured meat become a reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Faria Bellani
- International Center for Life, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Jila Ajeian
- CellulaREvolution Ltd, International Center for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Duffy
- CellulaREvolution Ltd, International Center for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Martina Miotto
- CellulaREvolution Ltd, International Center for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Leo Groenewegen
- CellulaREvolution Ltd, International Center for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Che J Connon
- International Center for Life, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.,CellulaREvolution Ltd, International Center for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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28
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Elkerdany ED, Elnassery SM, Arafa FM, Zaki SAF, Mady RF. In vitro effect of a novel protease inhibitor cocktail on Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites. Exp Parasitol 2020; 219:108010. [PMID: 33007297 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2020.108010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic disease and a global food and water-borne infection. The disease is caused by the parasite Toxoplasma gondii, which is a highly successful and remarkable pathogen because of its ability to infect almost any nucleated cell in warm-blooded animals. The present study was done to demonstrate the effect of protease inhibitors cocktail (PIC), which inhibit both cysteine and serine proteases, on in vitro cultured T. gondii tachyzoites on HepG2 cell line. This was achieved by assessing its effect on the invasion of the host cells and the intracellular development of T.gondii tachyzoites through measuring their number and viability after their incubation with PIC. Based on the results of the study, it was evident that the inhibitory action of the PIC was effective when applied to tachyzoites before their cultivation on HepG2 cells. Pre-treatment of T.gondii tachyzoites with PIC resulted in failure of the invasion of most of the tachyzoites and decreased the intracellular multiplication and viability of the tachyzoites that succeeded in the initial invasion process. Ultrastructural studies showed morphological alteration in tachyzoites and disruption in their organelles. This effect was irreversible till the complete lysis of cell monolayer in cultures. It can be concluded that PIC, at in vitro levels, could prevent invasion and intracellular multiplication of Toxoplasma tachyzoites. In addition, it is cost effective compared to individual protease inhibitors. It also had the benefit of combined therapy as it lowered the concentration of each protease inhibitor used in the cocktail. Other in vivo experiments are required to validate the cocktail efficacy against toxoplasmosis. Further studies may be needed to establish the exact mechanism by which the PIC exerts its effect on Toxoplasma tachyzoites behavior and its secretory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman D Elkerdany
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt.
| | - Suzanne M Elnassery
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt.
| | - Fadwa M Arafa
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt.
| | - Sahar Abdel-Fattah Zaki
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering Biotechnology Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, Egypt.
| | - Rasha F Mady
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt.
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29
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Gayet RV, de Puig H, English MA, Soenksen LR, Nguyen PQ, Mao AS, Angenent-Mari NM, Collins JJ. Creating CRISPR-responsive smart materials for diagnostics and programmable cargo release. Nat Protoc 2020; 15:3030-3063. [PMID: 32807909 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-020-0367-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Materials that sense and respond to biological signals in their environment have a broad range of potential applications in drug delivery, medical devices and diagnostics. Nucleic acids are important biological cues that encode information about organismal identity and clinically relevant phenotypes such as drug resistance. We recently developed a strategy to design nucleic acid-responsive materials using the CRISPR-associated nuclease Cas12a as a user-programmable sensor and material actuator. This approach improves on the sensitivity of current DNA-responsive materials while enabling their rapid repurposing toward new sequence targets. Here, we provide a comprehensive resource for the design, synthesis and actuation of CRISPR-responsive hydrogels. First, we provide guidelines for the synthesis of Cas12a guide RNAs (gRNAs) for in vitro applications. We then outline methods for the synthesis of both polyethylene glycol-DNA (PEG-DNA) and polyacrylamide-DNA (PA-DNA) hydrogels, as well as their controlled degradation using Cas12a for the release of cargos, including small molecules, enzymes, nanoparticles and living cells within hours. Finally, we detail the design and assembly of microfluidic paper-based devices that use Cas12a-sensitive hydrogels to convert DNA inputs into a variety of visual and electronic readouts for use in diagnostics. Following the initial validation of the gRNA and Cas12a components (1 d), the synthesis and testing of either PEG-DNA or PA-DNA hydrogels require 3-4 d of laboratory time. Optional extensions, including the release of primary human cells or the design of the paper-based diagnostic, require an additional 2-3 d each.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael V Gayet
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Microbiology Graduate Program, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Helena de Puig
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Max A English
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Luis R Soenksen
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Peter Q Nguyen
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Angelo S Mao
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicolaas M Angenent-Mari
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James J Collins
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
- Synthetic Biology Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Harvard-MIT Program in Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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30
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Qin X, Laroche FFJ, Peerzade SAMA, Lam A, Sokolov I, Feng H. In Vivo Targeting of Xenografted Human Cancer Cells with Functionalized Fluorescent Silica Nanoparticles in Zebrafish. J Vis Exp 2020. [PMID: 32449736 DOI: 10.3791/61187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Developing nanoparticles capable of detecting, targeting, and destroying cancer cells is of great interest in the field of nanomedicine. In vivo animal models are required for bridging the nanotechnology to its biomedical application. The mouse represents the traditional animal model for preclinical testing; however, mice are relatively expensive to keep and have long experimental cycles due to the limited progeny from each mother. The zebrafish has emerged as a powerful model system for developmental and biomedical research, including cancer research. In particular, due to its optical transparency and rapid development, zebrafish embryos are well suited for real-time in vivo monitoring of the behavior of cancer cells and their interactions with their microenvironment. This method was developed to sequentially introduce human cancer cells and functionalized nanoparticles in transparent Casper zebrafish embryos and monitor in vivo recognition and targeting of the cancer cells by nanoparticles in real time. This optimized protocol shows that fluorescently labeled nanoparticles, which are functionalized with folate groups, can specifically recognize and target metastatic human cervical epithelial cancer cells labeled with a different fluorochrome. The recognition and targeting process can occur as early as 30 min postinjection of the nanoparticles tested. The whole experiment only requires the breeding of a few pairs of adult fish and takes less than 4 days to complete. Moreover, zebrafish embryos lack a functional adaptive immune system, allowing the engraftment of a wide range of human cancer cells. Hence, the utility of the protocol described here enables the testing of nanoparticles on various types of human cancer cells, facilitating the selection of optimal nanoparticles in each specific cancer context for future testing in mammals and the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Qin
- Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, The Cancer Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine
| | - Fabrice F J Laroche
- Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, The Cancer Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine
| | | | - Andrew Lam
- Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, The Cancer Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine
| | - Igor Sokolov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tufts University; Department of Physics, Tufts University
| | - Hui Feng
- Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, The Cancer Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine;
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31
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"Tissues in a Dish": A Review of Organoids in Plastic Surgery. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2020; 8:e2787. [PMID: 32440447 PMCID: PMC7209840 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000002787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Organoids are in vitro miniaturized organ models—or, colloquially, “organs in a dish.” These 3-dimensional, multicellular structures are classically derived from pluripotent or multipotent stem cells. When guided by tissue-specific molecular factors, these cells exhibit self-organizing abilities that allow them to accurately recapitulate the architecture and function of the organ of interest. Organoid technology is a rapidly expanding field that endows researchers with an unprecedented ability to recreate, study, and manipulate complex biologic processes in vitro. When compared with standard 2- and 3-dimensional culture systems, which rely on co-culturing pre-established cell types, organoids provide a more biomimetic model with which to study the intercellular interactions necessary for in vivo organ function and architecture. Organoids have the potential to impact all avenues of medicine, including those fields most relevant to plastic and reconstructive surgery such as wound healing, oncology, craniofacial reconstruction, and burn care. In addition to their ability to serve as a novel tool for studying human-specific disease, organoids may be used for tissue engineering with the goal of developing biomimetic soft-tissue substitutes, which would be especially valuable to the plastic surgeon. Although organoids hold great promise for the field of plastic surgery, technical challenges in creating vascularized, multilineage organoids must be overcome to allow for the integration of this technology in clinical practice. This review provides a brief history of the organoid, highlights its potential clinical applications, discusses certain limitations, and examines the impact that this technology may have on the field of plastic and reconstructive surgery.
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Zhang G, Zhao X, Li X, Du G, Zhou J, Chen J. Challenges and possibilities for bio-manufacturing cultured meat. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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33
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Abelha TF, Dreiss CA, Green MA, Dailey LA. Conjugated polymers as nanoparticle probes for fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:592-606. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb02582k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this review, the role of conjugated polymer nanoparticles (CPNs) in emerging bioimaging techniques is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Fedatto Abelha
- King's College London
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science
- London
- UK
- School of Pharmacy
| | - Cécile A. Dreiss
- King's College London
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science
- London
- UK
| | | | | |
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Björnmalm M, Wong LM, Wojciechowski JP, Penders J, Horgan CC, Booth MA, Martin NG, Sattler S, Stevens MM. In vivo biocompatibility and immunogenicity of metal-phenolic gelation. Chem Sci 2019; 10:10179-10194. [PMID: 31700596 PMCID: PMC6837883 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc03325d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In vivo forming hydrogels are of interest for diverse biomedical applications due to their ease-of-use and minimal invasiveness and therefore high translational potential. Supramolecular hydrogels that can be assembled using metal-phenolic coordination of naturally occurring polyphenols and group IV metal ions (e.g. TiIV or ZrIV) provide a versatile and robust platform for engineering such materials. However, the in situ formation and in vivo response to this new class of materials has not yet been reported. Here, we demonstrate that metal-phenolic supramolecular gelation occurs successfully in vivo and we investigate the host response to the material over 14 weeks. The TiIV-tannic acid materials form stable gels that are well-tolerated following subcutaneous injection. Histology reveals a mild foreign body reaction, and titanium biodistribution studies show low accumulation in distal tissues. Compared to poloxamer-based hydrogels (commonly used for in vivo gelation), TiIV-tannic acid materials show a substantially improved in vitro drug release profile for the corticosteroid dexamethasone (from <1 day to >10 days). These results provide essential in vivo characterization for this new class of metal-phenolic hydrogels, and highlight their potential suitability for biomedical applications in areas such as drug delivery and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattias Björnmalm
- Department of Materials
, Department of Bioengineering
, Institute of Biomedical Engineering
, Imperial College London
,
London SW7 2AZ
, UK
.
| | - Lok Man Wong
- National Heart and Lung Institute
, Imperial College London
,
London W12 0NN
, UK
.
| | - Jonathan P. Wojciechowski
- Department of Materials
, Department of Bioengineering
, Institute of Biomedical Engineering
, Imperial College London
,
London SW7 2AZ
, UK
.
| | - Jelle Penders
- Department of Materials
, Department of Bioengineering
, Institute of Biomedical Engineering
, Imperial College London
,
London SW7 2AZ
, UK
.
| | - Conor C. Horgan
- Department of Materials
, Department of Bioengineering
, Institute of Biomedical Engineering
, Imperial College London
,
London SW7 2AZ
, UK
.
| | - Marsilea A. Booth
- Department of Materials
, Department of Bioengineering
, Institute of Biomedical Engineering
, Imperial College London
,
London SW7 2AZ
, UK
.
| | - Nicholas G. Martin
- Trace Element Laboratory
, North West London Pathology
,
Charing Cross Hospital
, London W6 8RF
, UK
| | - Susanne Sattler
- National Heart and Lung Institute
, Imperial College London
,
London W12 0NN
, UK
.
| | - Molly M. Stevens
- Department of Materials
, Department of Bioengineering
, Institute of Biomedical Engineering
, Imperial College London
,
London SW7 2AZ
, UK
.
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Almeqdadi M, Mana MD, Roper J, Yilmaz ÖH. Gut organoids: mini-tissues in culture to study intestinal physiology and disease. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2019; 317:C405-C419. [PMID: 31216420 PMCID: PMC6766612 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00300.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In vitro, cell cultures are essential tools in the study of intestinal function and disease. For the past few decades, monolayer cellular cultures, such as cancer cell lines or immortalized cell lines, have been widely applied in gastrointestinal research. Recently, the development of three-dimensional cultures known as organoids has permitted the growth of normal crypt-villus units that recapitulate many aspects of intestinal physiology. Organoid culturing has also been applied to study gastrointestinal diseases, intestinal-microbe interactions, and colorectal cancer. These models are amenable to CRISPR gene editing and drug treatments, including high-throughput small-molecule testing. Three-dimensional intestinal cultures have been transplanted into mice to develop versatile in vivo models of intestinal disease, particularly cancer. Limitations of currently available organoid models include cost and challenges in modeling nonepithelial intestinal cells, such as immune cells and the microbiota. Here, we describe the development of organoid models of intestinal biology and the applications of organoids for study of the pathophysiology of intestinal diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Almeqdadi
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Elizabeth's Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Miyeko D Mana
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Jatin Roper
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Ömer H Yilmaz
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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Generation of stable reporter breast and lung cancer cell lines for NF-κB activation studies. J Biotechnol 2019; 301:79-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2019.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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SREBP1-dependent de novo fatty acid synthesis gene expression is elevated in malignant melanoma and represents a cellular survival trait. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10369. [PMID: 31316083 PMCID: PMC6637239 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46594-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
de novo fatty acid biosynthesis (DNFA) is a hallmark adaptation of many cancers that supports survival, proliferation, and metastasis. Here we elucidate previously unexplored aspects of transcription regulation and clinical relevance of DNFA in cancers. We show that elevated expression of DNFA genes is characteristic of many tumor types and correlates with poor prognosis, especially in melanomas. Elevated DNFA gene expression depends on the SREBP1 transcription factor in multiple melanoma cell lines. SREBP1 predominantly binds to the transcription start sites of DNFA genes, regulating their expression by recruiting RNA polymerase II to promoters for productive transcription elongation. We find that SREBP1-regulated DNFA represents a survival trait in melanoma cells, regardless of proliferative state and oncogenic mutation status. Indeed, malignant melanoma cells exhibit elevated DNFA gene expression after the BRAF/MEK signaling pathway is blocked (e.g. by BRAF inhibitors), and DNFA expression remains higher in melanoma cells resistant to vemurafenib treatment than in untreated cells. Accordingly, DNFA pathway inhibition, whether by direct targeting of SREBP1 with antisense oligonucleotides, or through combinatorial effects of multiple DNFA enzyme inhibitors, exerts potent cytotoxic effects on both BRAFi-sensitive and -resistant melanoma cells. Altogether, these results implicate SREBP1 and DNFA enzymes as enticing therapeutic targets in melanomas.
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Allan SJ, De Bank PA, Ellis MJ. Bioprocess Design Considerations for Cultured Meat Production With a Focus on the Expansion Bioreactor. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2019.00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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Abstract
Indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) has been used for detection of autoantibodies against cellular antigens for more than 50 years. Originally using rodent tissue as substrate, the method was optimized by using the human immortal HEp-2 cell line derived from a larynx epidermal carcinoma. The HEp-2/IFA platform allows for optimal visualization of several cellular domains recognized by autoantibodies in the samples being tested. Serial dilution allows for the estimation of the concentration (titer) of the autoantibodies in the sample. Judicious analysis of the topographic distribution of the immunofluorescence (pattern) provides useful hints on the most plausible autoantigens being recognized, vis-à-vis the cognate autoantibodies. The importance of the HEp-2/IFA pattern has been recently emphasized by the International Consensus on ANA Patterns (ICAP), an initiative that established a comprehensive classification of the most relevant and prevalent HEp-2/IFA patterns (designated anti-cell (AC) patterns) and harmonized its nomenclature. The former designation "antinuclear antibody test" has been progressively replaced by the term "anti-cell antibody test," due to the recognition that the HEp-2/IFA method in fact allows the detection of autoantibodies to several cellular domains, such as the cytoplasm and mitotic apparatus.The performance of the HEp-2/IFA test is strongly influenced by several technical details, including cell culture conditions, cell fixation and permeabilization methods, choice and titration of fluorochrome-conjugated secondary antibody, use and choice of blocking solutions, washing buffers, and antifading mounting medium. The several steps of the procedure must be carefully performed in order to avoid the formation of false positive fluorescent artifacts. The quality control of the assay involves the use of serum standards for negative, low positive and strongly positive reaction in each run of the assay. In addition, every new lot or new brand of HEp-2 slides should be evaluated by using a panel of standard sera yielding the most relevant AC patterns. Special attention should be dedicated to the training of personnel for the analysis of the slides at the microscope. These should be able to identify possible artifacts, recognize all relevant AC patterns, and formulate possible reflex tests according to the observed AC patterns.
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Ramadhan W, Kagawa G, Hamada Y, Moriyama K, Wakabayashi R, Minamihata K, Goto M, Kamiya N. Enzymatically Prepared Dual Functionalized Hydrogels with Gelatin and Heparin To Facilitate Cellular Attachment and Proliferation. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:2600-2609. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wahyu Ramadhan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Genki Kagawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yusei Hamada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kousuke Moriyama
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Sasebo National College of Technology, Okishin-cho, Sasebo, Nagasaki 857−1193, Japan
| | - Rie Wakabayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kosuke Minamihata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Masahiro Goto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Division of Biotechnology, Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Noriho Kamiya
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Division of Biotechnology, Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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Shafirovich V, Kropachev K, Kolbanovskiy M, Geacintov NE. Excision of Oxidatively Generated Guanine Lesions by Competing Base and Nucleotide Excision Repair Mechanisms in Human Cells. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:753-761. [PMID: 30688445 PMCID: PMC6465092 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The interchange between different repair mechanisms in human cells has long been a subject of interest. Here, we provide a direct demonstration that the oxidatively generated guanine lesions spiroiminodihydantoin (Sp) and 5-guanidinohydantoin (Gh) embedded in double-stranded DNA are substrates of both base excision repair (BER) and nucleotide excision repair (NER) mechanisms in intact human cells. Site-specifically modified, 32P-internally labeled double-stranded DNA substrates were transfected into fibroblasts or HeLa cells, and the BER and/or NER mono- and dual incision products were quantitatively recovered after 2-8 h incubation periods and lysis of the cells. DNA duplexes bearing single benzo[ a]pyrene-derived guanine adduct were employed as positive controls of NER. The NER activities, but not the BER activities, were abolished in XPA-/- cells, while the BER yields were strongly reduced in NEIL1-/- cells. Co-transfecting different concentrations of analogous DNA sequences bearing the BER substrates 5-hydroxyuracil diminish the BER yields of Sp lesions and enhance the yields of NER products. These results are consistent with a model based on the local availability of BER and NER factors in human cells and their competitive binding to the same Sp or Gh BER/NER substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Shafirovich
- Chemistry Department, New York University, 31 Washington Place, New York, NY 10003-5180, USA
| | - Konstantin Kropachev
- Chemistry Department, New York University, 31 Washington Place, New York, NY 10003-5180, USA
| | - Marina Kolbanovskiy
- Chemistry Department, New York University, 31 Washington Place, New York, NY 10003-5180, USA
| | - Nicholas E. Geacintov
- Chemistry Department, New York University, 31 Washington Place, New York, NY 10003-5180, USA
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Dubois C, Daumar P, Aubel C, Gauthier J, Vidalinc B, Mounetou E, Penault-Llorca F, Bamdad M. The New Synthetic Serum-Free Medium OptiPASS Promotes High Proliferation and Drug Efficacy Prediction on Spheroids from MDA-MB-231 and SUM1315 Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cell Lines. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8030397. [PMID: 30901969 PMCID: PMC6463163 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8030397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancers are particularly aggressive. In vitro cultures are one of the major pathways for developing anticancer strategies. The effectiveness and reproducibility of the drug screenings depend largely on the homogeneity of culture media. In order to optimize the predictive responses of triple-negative breast cancer 3D cell culture models, these works were focused on the development of SUM1315 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines in OptiPASS medium, a new serum-free formulation (BIOPASS). In monolayer cell culture, OptiPASS medium was more suitable for MDA-MB-231 than SUM1315 cell line but maintained cell phenotype and allowed sufficient proliferation. For spheroids produced in OptiPASS, the size monitoring showed a 1.3 and 1.5-fold increase for MDA-MB-231 and SUM1315 cell lines, respectively and viability/mortality profiles were maintained. Spheroids drug sensitivity thresholds were also improved allowing quicker high throughput drug screenings. These results showed the suitability of OptiPASS for 2D and 3D cell cultures of these two triple-negative breast cancer cell lines, with reproducibility of spheroid formation superior to 98%. This opens the way to the common use of this synthetic medium in future preclinical breast cancer research studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Dubois
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Institut Universitaire de Technologie, INSERM, U1240, Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, F-63000 Clermont Ferrand, France.
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Centre Jean Perrin, INSERM, U1240, Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, F-63000 Clermont Ferrand, France.
| | - Pierre Daumar
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Institut Universitaire de Technologie, INSERM, U1240, Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, F-63000 Clermont Ferrand, France.
| | - Corinne Aubel
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Faculté de médecine, INSERM, U1240, Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, F-63000 Clermont Ferrand, France.
| | | | | | - Emmanuelle Mounetou
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Institut Universitaire de Technologie, INSERM, U1240, Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, F-63000 Clermont Ferrand, France.
| | - Frédérique Penault-Llorca
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Centre Jean Perrin, INSERM, U1240, Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, F-63000 Clermont Ferrand, France.
| | - Mahchid Bamdad
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Institut Universitaire de Technologie, INSERM, U1240, Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, F-63000 Clermont Ferrand, France.
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Abstract
In-cell NMR spectroscopy is a powerful tool to study protein structures and interactions under near physiological conditions in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic living cells. The low sensitivity and resolution of in-cell NMR spectra and limited lifetime of cells over the course of an in-cell experiment have presented major hurdles to wide acceptance of the technique, limiting it to a few select systems. These issues are addressed by introducing the use of the CRINEPT pulse sequence to increase the sensitivity and resolution of in-cell NMR spectra and the use of a bioreactor to maintain cell viability for up to 24h. Application of advanced pulse sequences and bioreactor during in-cell NMR experiments will facilitate the exploration of a wide range of biological processes.
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Challis RC, Ravindra Kumar S, Chan KY, Challis C, Beadle K, Jang MJ, Kim HM, Rajendran PS, Tompkins JD, Shivkumar K, Deverman BE, Gradinaru V. Systemic AAV vectors for widespread and targeted gene delivery in rodents. Nat Protoc 2019; 14:379-414. [PMID: 30626963 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-018-0097-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We recently developed adeno-associated virus (AAV) capsids to facilitate efficient and noninvasive gene transfer to the central and peripheral nervous systems. However, a detailed protocol for generating and systemically delivering novel AAV variants was not previously available. In this protocol, we describe how to produce and intravenously administer AAVs to adult mice to specifically label and/or genetically manipulate cells in the nervous system and organs, including the heart. The procedure comprises three separate stages: AAV production, intravenous delivery, and evaluation of transgene expression. The protocol spans 8 d, excluding the time required to assess gene expression, and can be readily adopted by researchers with basic molecular biology, cell culture, and animal work experience. We provide guidelines for experimental design and choice of the capsid, cargo, and viral dose appropriate for the experimental aims. The procedures outlined here are adaptable to diverse biomedical applications, from anatomical and functional mapping to gene expression, silencing, and editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemary C Challis
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Sripriya Ravindra Kumar
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Ken Y Chan
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Collin Challis
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Keith Beadle
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Min J Jang
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Hyun Min Kim
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Pradeep S Rajendran
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Center and Neurocardiology Research Center of Excellence, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - John D Tompkins
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Center and Neurocardiology Research Center of Excellence, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kalyanam Shivkumar
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Center and Neurocardiology Research Center of Excellence, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin E Deverman
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Viviana Gradinaru
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
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Lai Y, Xu X, Yan R, Hua Z. Evaluation of mycoplasma removal reagents using qPCR-based quantification. Anal Biochem 2019; 564-565:88-95. [PMID: 30336125 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2018.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of various mycoplasma removal reagents using nuclear staining, DNA gel electrophoresis, and qPCR-based quantification. Our results showed Plasmocure and Plasmocin are two effective anti-mycoplasma reagents whose effects can be observed within a week. However, prolonged treatment with Plasmocin led to development of resistance. Withdrawal of anti-mycoplasma reagents led to reoccurrence of mycoplasma contamination, but addition of prevention reagent, such as Primocin, prevented recontamination. Therefore, sequential treatment by Plasmocure and Primocin is the best course of action against mycoplasma contamination. Lastly, we developed methods based on qPCR to estimate the average number of mycoplasma associated with a single contaminated cell. We have shown, for the first time, that untreated contaminated BEAS-2B cells have approximately 300-400 mycoplasma contaminants per cell in the cytoplasm or attached to the cell membrane. Furthermore, withdrawal of anti-mycoplasma reagents led to reoccurrence of mycoplasma contamination within two days, and therefore continued use of prevention reagent is imperative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyang Lai
- School of Life Sciences and the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuebo Xu
- School of Life Sciences and the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruiying Yan
- School of Life Sciences and the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zichun Hua
- School of Life Sciences and the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Changzhou High-Tech Research Institute of Nanjing University and Jiangsu Target Pharma Laboratories Inc., Changzhou, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Nanjing University, Shenzhen, China.
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46
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Mass spectrometry evaluation of a neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell culture protocol. Anal Biochem 2018; 559:51-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2018.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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47
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Pan Y, Zhao S, Cao Z. Organoid models of gastrointestinal Neoplasms: Origin, current status and future applications in personalized medicine. Genes Dis 2018; 5:323-330. [PMID: 30591933 PMCID: PMC6303680 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The in vitro organoid model is a major technological breakthrough that has been established as an important tool in many basic biological and clinical applications. This near-physiological 3D culture system accurately models various biological processes, including tissue renewal, stem cell/niche functions and tissue responses to drugs, mutations or damage. Organoids have the potential value of being an accurate model for disease predictions or drug screening applications and to identify the ideal treatment for that patient. Carcinogenesis can be modeled by mutating specific cancer genes in wild-type organoids; and patient-derived organoids provide an important resource in the development of personalized cancer treatment. Organoids from cancer patients could be used to identify the ideal treatment for a specific patient by growing matched healthy and diseased organoids from human cancer patients which additionally enables clinical screens for drug combinations. Organoids could also provide autologous cells or-in the future-tissue for transplantation. In this review, we discuss the current advances, challenges and potential applications of this technique in gastrointestinal neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Pan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Shuliang Zhao
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Zhijun Cao
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai, 200001, China
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48
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Calatayud Arroyo M, Van de Wiele T, Hernandez-Sanabria E. Assessing the Viability of a Synthetic Bacterial Consortium on the In Vitro Gut Host-microbe Interface. J Vis Exp 2018. [PMID: 30035767 DOI: 10.3791/57699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The interplay between host and microbiota has been long recognized and extensively described. The mouth is similar to other sections of the gastrointestinal tract, as resident microbiota occurs and prevents colonisation by exogenous bacteria. Indeed, more than 600 species of bacteria are found in the oral cavity, and a single individual may carry around 100 different at any time. Oral bacteria possess the ability to adhere to the various niches in the oral ecosystem, thus becoming integrated within the resident microbial communities, and favouring growth and survival. However, the flow of bacteria into the gut during swallowing has been proposed to disturb the balance of the gut microbiota. In fact, oral administration of P. gingivalis shifted bacterial composition in the ileal microflora. We used a synthetic community as a simplified representation of the natural oral ecosystem, to elucidate the survival and viability of oral bacteria subjected to simulated gastrointestinal transit conditions. Fourteen species were selected, subjected to in vitro salivary, gastric, and intestinal digestion processes, and presented to a multicompartment cell model containing Caco-2 and HT29-MTX cells to simulate the gut mucosal epithelium. This model served to unravel the impact of swallowed bacteria on cells involved in the enterohepatic circulation. Using synthetic communities allows for controllability and reproducibility. Thus, this methodology can be adapted to assess pathogen viability and subsequent inflammation-associated changes, colonization capacity of probiotic mixtures, and ultimately, potential bacterial impact on the presystemic circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tom Van de Wiele
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University;
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49
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Clark DJ, Hu Y, Bocik W, Chen L, Schnaubelt M, Roberts R, Shah P, Whiteley G, Zhang H. Evaluation of NCI-7 Cell Line Panel as a Reference Material for Clinical Proteomics. J Proteome Res 2018; 17:2205-2215. [PMID: 29718670 PMCID: PMC6670293 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Reference materials are vital to benchmarking the reproducibility of clinical tests and essential for monitoring laboratory performance for clinical proteomics. The reference material utilized for mass spectrometric analysis of the human proteome would ideally contain enough proteins to be suitably representative of the human proteome, as well as exhibit a stable protein composition in different batches of sample regeneration. Previously, The Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC) utilized a PDX-derived comparative reference (CompRef) materials for the longitudinal assessment of proteomic performance; however, inherent drawbacks of PDX-derived material, including extended time needed to grow tumors and high level of expertise needed, have resulted in efforts to identify a new source of CompRef material. In this study, we examined the utility of using a panel of seven cancer cell lines, NCI-7 Cell Line Panel, as a reference material for mass spectrometric analysis of human proteome. Our results showed that not only is the NCI-7 material suitable for benchmarking laboratory sample preparation methods, but also NCI-7 sample generation is highly reproducible at both the global and phosphoprotein levels. In addition, the predicted genomic and experimental coverage of the NCI-7 proteome suggests the NCI-7 material may also have applications as a universal standard proteomic reference.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J. Clark
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Yingwei Hu
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - William Bocik
- Antibody Characterization Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland 21701, United States
| | - Lijun Chen
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Michael Schnaubelt
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Rhonda Roberts
- Antibody Characterization Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland 21701, United States
| | - Punit Shah
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Gordon Whiteley
- Antibody Characterization Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland 21701, United States
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
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50
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McLean IC, Schwerdtfeger LA, Tobet SA, Henry CS. Powering ex vivo tissue models in microfluidic systems. LAB ON A CHIP 2018; 18:1399-1410. [PMID: 29697131 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc00241j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This Frontiers review analyzes the rapidly growing microfluidic strategies that have been employed in attempts to create physio relevant 'organ-on-chip' models using primary tissue removed from a body (human or animal). Tissue harvested immediately from an organism, and cultured under artificial conditions is referred to as ex vivo tissue. The use of primary (organotypic) tissue offers unique benefits over traditional cell culture experiments, and microfluidic technology can be used to further exploit these advantages. Defining the utility of particular models, determining necessary constituents for acceptable modeling of in vivo physiology, and describing the role of microfluidic systems in tissue modeling processes is paramount to the future of organotypic models ex vivo. Virtually all tissues within the body are characterized by a large diversity of cellular composition, morphology, and blood supply (e.g., nutrient needs including oxygen). Microfluidic technology can provide a means to help maintain tissue in more physiologically relevant environments, for tissue relevant time-frames (e.g., matching the natural rates of cell turnover), and at in vivo oxygen tensions that can be controlled within modern microfluidic culture systems. Models for ex vivo tissues continue to emerge and grow in efficacy as mimics of in vivo physiology. This review addresses developments in microfluidic devices for the study of tissues ex vivo that can serve as an important bridge to translational value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian C McLean
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA.
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