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Elleman AV, Milicic N, Williams DJ, Simko J, Liu CJ, Haynes AL, Ehrlich DE, Makinson CD, Du Bois J. Behavioral control through the direct, focal silencing of neuronal activity. Cell Chem Biol 2024; 31:1324-1335.e20. [PMID: 38729162 PMCID: PMC11260259 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The ability to optically stimulate and inhibit neurons has revolutionized neuroscience research. Here, we present a direct, potent, user-friendly chemical approach for optically silencing neurons. We have rendered saxitoxin (STX), a naturally occurring paralytic agent, transiently inert through chemical protection with a previously undisclosed nitrobenzyl-derived photocleavable group. Exposing the caged toxin, STX-bpc, to a brief (5 ms) pulse of light effects rapid release of a potent STX derivative and transient, spatially precise blockade of voltage-gated sodium channels (NaVs). We demonstrate the efficacy of STX-bpc for parametrically manipulating action potentials in mammalian neurons and brain slice. Additionally, we show the effectiveness of this reagent for silencing neural activity by dissecting sensory-evoked swimming in larval zebrafish. Photo-uncaging of STX-bpc is a straightforward method for non-invasive, reversible, spatiotemporally precise neural silencing without the need for genetic access, thus removing barriers for comparative research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna V Elleman
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, 333 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Nikola Milicic
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 121 Integrative Biology Research Building, 1117 W Johnson St, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Damian J Williams
- Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 710 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jane Simko
- Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 710 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Christine J Liu
- Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 710 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, Jerome L. Greene Science Center, 3227 Broadway, MC 9872, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Allison L Haynes
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, 333 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - David E Ehrlich
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 121 Integrative Biology Research Building, 1117 W Johnson St, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
| | - Christopher D Makinson
- Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 710 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, Jerome L. Greene Science Center, 3227 Broadway, MC 9872, New York, NY 10027, USA.
| | - J Du Bois
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, 333 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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2
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Akter M, Sepehrimanesh M, Xu W, Ding B. Assembling a Coculture System to Prepare Highly Pure Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neurons at Late Maturation Stages. eNeuro 2024; 11:ENEURO.0165-24.2024. [PMID: 39009447 PMCID: PMC11289586 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0165-24.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Generation of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived motor neurons (MNs) offers an unprecedented approach to modeling movement disorders such as dystonia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. However, achieving survival poses a significant challenge when culturing induced MNs, especially when aiming to reach late maturation stages. Utilizing hiPSC-derived motor neurons and primary mouse astrocytes, we assembled two types of coculture systems: direct coculturing of neurons with astrocytes and indirect coculture using culture inserts that physically separate neurons and astrocytes. Both systems significantly enhance neuron survival. Compared with these two systems, no significant differences in neurodevelopment, maturation, and survival within 3 weeks, allowing to prepare neurons at maturation stages. Using the indirect coculture system, we obtained highly pure MNs at the late mature stage from hiPSCs. Transcriptomic studies of hiPSC-derived MNs showed a typical neurodevelopmental switch in gene expression from the early immature stage to late maturation stages. Mature genes associated with neurodevelopment and synaptogenesis are highly enriched in MNs at late stages, demonstrating that these neurons achieve maturation. This study introduces a novel tool for the preparation of highly pure hiPSC-derived neurons, enabling the determination of neurological disease pathogenesis in neurons at late disease onset stages through biochemical approaches, which typically necessitate highly pure neurons. This advancement is particularly significant in modeling age-related neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masuma Akter
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport Louisiana 71130-3932
| | - Masood Sepehrimanesh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport Louisiana 71130-3932
| | - Wu Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette Louisiana 70504
| | - Baojin Ding
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport Louisiana 71130-3932
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3
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Jafari A. Advancements in self-assembling peptides: Bridging gaps in 3D cell culture and electronic device fabrication. J Biomater Appl 2024; 38:1013-1035. [PMID: 38502905 PMCID: PMC11055414 DOI: 10.1177/08853282241240139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Self-assembling peptides (SAPs) show promise in creating synthetic microenvironments that regulate cellular function and tissue repair. Also, the precise π-π interactions and hydrogen bonding within self-assembled peptide structures enable the creation of quantum confined structures, leading to reduced band gaps and the emergence of semiconductor properties within the superstructures. This review emphasizes the need for standardized 3D cell culture methods and electronic devices based on SAPs for monitoring cell communication and controlling cell surface morphology. Additionally, the gap in understanding the relationship between SAP peptide sequences and nanostructures is highlighted, underscoring the importance of optimizing peptide deposition parameters, which affect charge transport and bioactivity due to varying morphologies. The potential of peptide nanofibers as extracellular matrix mimics and the introduction of the zone casting method for improved film deposition are discussed within this review, aiming to bridge knowledge gaps and offer insights into fields like tissue engineering and materials science, with the potential for groundbreaking applications at the interface of biology and materials engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Jafari
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, BC, Canada
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4
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Ke YD, van Hummel A, Au C, Chan G, Lee WS, van der Hoven J, Przybyla M, Deng Y, Sabale M, Morey N, Bertz J, Feiten A, Ippati S, Stevens CH, Yang S, Gladbach A, Haass NK, Kril JJ, Blair IP, Delerue F, Ittner LM. Targeting 14-3-3θ-mediated TDP-43 pathology in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia mice. Neuron 2024; 112:1249-1264.e8. [PMID: 38366598 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are characterized by cytoplasmic deposition of the nuclear TAR-binding protein 43 (TDP-43). Although cytoplasmic re-localization of TDP-43 is a key event in the pathogenesis of ALS/FTD, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we identified a non-canonical interaction between 14-3-3θ and TDP-43, which regulates nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling. Neuronal 14-3-3θ levels were increased in sporadic ALS and FTD with TDP-43 pathology. Pathogenic TDP-43 showed increased interaction with 14-3-3θ, resulting in cytoplasmic accumulation, insolubility, phosphorylation, and fragmentation of TDP-43, resembling pathological changes in disease. Harnessing this increased affinity of 14-3-3θ for pathogenic TDP-43, we devised a gene therapy vector targeting TDP-43 pathology, which mitigated functional deficits and neurodegeneration in different ALS/FTD mouse models expressing mutant or non-mutant TDP-43, including when already symptomatic at the time of treatment. Our study identified 14-3-3θ as a mediator of cytoplasmic TDP-43 localization with implications for ALS/FTD pathogenesis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazi D Ke
- Dementia Research Centre and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
| | - Annika van Hummel
- Dementia Research Centre and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Carol Au
- Dementia Research Centre and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Gabriella Chan
- Dementia Research Centre and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Wei Siang Lee
- Dementia Research Centre and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Julia van der Hoven
- Dementia Research Centre and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Magdalena Przybyla
- Dementia Research Centre and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Yuanyuan Deng
- Dementia Research Centre and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Miheer Sabale
- Dementia Research Centre and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Nicolle Morey
- Dementia Research Centre and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Josefine Bertz
- Dementia Research Centre and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Astrid Feiten
- Dementia Research Centre and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Stefania Ippati
- Dementia Research Centre and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Claire H Stevens
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Shu Yang
- Centre for MND Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Amadeus Gladbach
- Dementia Research Centre and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Nikolas K Haass
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Jillian J Kril
- Dementia Research Centre and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Ian P Blair
- Centre for MND Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Fabien Delerue
- Dementia Research Centre and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Lars M Ittner
- Dementia Research Centre and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
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5
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Xu Z, Angstmann CN, Wu Y, Stefen H, Parić E, Fath T, Curmi PM. Location of the axon initial segment assembly can be predicted from neuronal shape. iScience 2024; 27:109264. [PMID: 38450155 PMCID: PMC10915628 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The axon initial segment (AIS) is located at the proximal axon demarcating the boundary between axonal and somatodendritic compartments. The AIS facilitates the generation of action potentials and maintenance of neuronal polarity. In this study, we show that the location of AIS assembly, as marked by Ankyrin G, corresponds to the nodal plane of the lowest-order harmonic of the Laplace-Beltrami operator solved over the neuronal shape. This correlation establishes a coupling between location of AIS assembly and neuronal cell morphology. We validate this correlation for neurons with atypical morphology and neurons containing multiple AnkG clusters on distinct neurites, where the nodal plane selects the appropriate axon showing enriched Tau. Based on our findings, we propose that Turing patterning systems are candidates for dynamically governing AIS location. Overall, this study highlights the importance of neuronal cell morphology in determining the precise localization of the AIS within the proximal axon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Xu
- School of Physics, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Christopher N. Angstmann
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Yuhuang Wu
- Infection Analytics Program, Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Holly Stefen
- Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Esmeralda Parić
- Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Thomas Fath
- Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Paul M.G. Curmi
- School of Physics, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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6
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Deurloo MHS, Eide S, Turlova E, Li Q, Spijker S, Sun HS, Groffen AJA, Feng ZP. Rasal1 regulates calcium dependent neuronal maturation by modifying microtubule dynamics. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:13. [PMID: 38246997 PMCID: PMC10800070 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01193-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rasal1 is a Ras GTPase-activating protein which contains C2 domains necessary for dynamic membrane association following intracellular calcium elevation. Membrane-bound Rasal1 inactivates Ras signaling through its RasGAP activity, and through such mechanisms has been implicated in regulating various cellular functions in the context of tumors. Although highly expressed in the brain, the contribution of Rasal1 to neuronal development and function has yet to be explored. RESULTS We examined the contributions of Rasal1 to neuronal development in primary culture of hippocampal neurons through modulation of Rasal1 expression using molecular tools. Fixed and live cell imaging demonstrate diffuse expression of Rasal1 throughout the cell soma, dendrites and axon which localizes to the neuronal plasma membrane in response to intracellular calcium fluctuation. Pull-down and co-immunoprecipitation demonstrate direct interaction of Rasal1 with PKC, tubulin, and CaMKII. Consequently, Rasal1 is found to stabilize microtubules, through post-translational modification of tubulin, and accordingly inhibit dendritic outgrowth and branching. Through imaging, molecular, and electrophysiological techniques Rasal1 is shown to promote NMDA-mediated synaptic activity and CaMKII phosphorylation. CONCLUSIONS Rasal1 functions in two separate roles in neuronal development; calcium regulated neurite outgrowth and the promotion of NMDA receptor-mediated postsynaptic events which may be mediated both by interaction with direct binding partners or calcium-dependent regulation of down-stream pathways. Importantly, the outlined molecular mechanisms of Rasal1 may contribute notably to normal neuronal development and synapse formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H S Deurloo
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - S Eide
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - E Turlova
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Q Li
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - S Spijker
- Department Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Neurogenomics and Cognition Research, VU University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H-S Sun
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - A J A Groffen
- Department of Functional Genomics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognition Research, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Z-P Feng
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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7
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Wu Y, Huang X, Tan Z, Zang J, Peng M, He N, Zhang T, Mai H, Xu A, Lu D. FUS-mediated HypEVs: Neuroprotective effects against ischemic stroke. Bioact Mater 2023; 29:196-213. [PMID: 37621770 PMCID: PMC10444975 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Few studies have investigated the properties and protein composition of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) derived from neurons under hypoxic conditions. Presently, the extent of the involvement of these plentiful sEVs in the onset and progression of ischemic stroke remains an unresolved question. Our study systematically identified the characteristics of sEVs derived from neurons under hypoxic conditions (HypEVs) by physical characterization, sEV absorption, proteomics and transcriptomics analysis. The effects of HypEVs on neurites, cell survival, and neuron structure were assessed in vitro and in vivo by neural complexity tests, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Golgi staining, and Western blotting of synaptic plasticity-related proteins and apoptotic proteins. Knockdown of Fused in Sarcoma (FUS) small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to validate FUS-mediated HypEV neuroprotection and mitochondrial mRNA release. Hypoxia promoted the secretion of sEVs, and HypEVs were more easily taken up and utilized by recipient cells. The MRI results illustrated that the cerebral infarction volume was reduced by 45% with the application of HypEVs, in comparison to the non- HypEV treatment group. Mechanistically, the FUS protein is necessary for the uptake and neuroprotection of HypEVs against ischemic stroke as well as carrying a large amount of mitochondrial mRNA in HypEVs. However, FUS knockdown attenuated the neuroprotective rescue capabilities of HypEVs. Our comprehensive dataset clearly illustrates that FUS-mediated HypEVs deliver exceptional neuroprotective effects against ischemic stroke, primarily through the maintenance of neurite integrity and the reduction of mitochondria-associated apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousheng Wu
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Lab of Guangzhou Basic and Translational Research of Pan-vascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiong Huang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The Central Hospital of Shaoyang, Hunan, China
| | - Zefeng Tan
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiankun Zang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Lab of Guangzhou Basic and Translational Research of Pan-vascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Peng
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Lab of Guangzhou Basic and Translational Research of Pan-vascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Niu He
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Lab of Guangzhou Basic and Translational Research of Pan-vascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongcheng Mai
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Munich Medical Research School (MMRS), Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Insititute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anding Xu
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Lab of Guangzhou Basic and Translational Research of Pan-vascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Lu
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Lab of Guangzhou Basic and Translational Research of Pan-vascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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8
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Riedmayr LM, Hinrichsmeyer KS, Thalhammer SB, Mittas DM, Karguth N, Otify DY, Böhm S, Weber VJ, Bartoschek MD, Splith V, Brümmer M, Ferreira R, Boon N, Wögenstein GM, Grimm C, Wijnholds J, Mehlfeld V, Michalakis S, Fenske S, Biel M, Becirovic E. mRNA trans-splicing dual AAV vectors for (epi)genome editing and gene therapy. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6578. [PMID: 37852949 PMCID: PMC10584818 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42386-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Large genes including several CRISPR-Cas modules like gene activators (CRISPRa) require dual adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors for an efficient in vivo delivery and expression. Current dual AAV vector approaches have important limitations, e.g., low reconstitution efficiency, production of alien proteins, or low flexibility in split site selection. Here, we present a dual AAV vector technology based on reconstitution via mRNA trans-splicing (REVeRT). REVeRT is flexible in split site selection and can efficiently reconstitute different split genes in numerous in vitro models, in human organoids, and in vivo. Furthermore, REVeRT can functionally reconstitute a CRISPRa module targeting genes in various mouse tissues and organs in single or multiplexed approaches upon different routes of administration. Finally, REVeRT enabled the reconstitution of full-length ABCA4 after intravitreal injection in a mouse model of Stargardt disease. Due to its flexibility and efficiency REVeRT harbors great potential for basic research and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Maria Riedmayr
- Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, LMU Munich, Munich, 81377, Germany
| | | | | | - David Manuel Mittas
- Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, LMU Munich, Munich, 81377, Germany
| | - Nina Karguth
- Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, LMU Munich, Munich, 81377, Germany
| | - Dina Yehia Otify
- Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, LMU Munich, Munich, 81377, Germany
| | | | - Valentin Johannes Weber
- Laboratory for Retinal Gene Therapy, Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Schlieren, 8952, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Manuela Brümmer
- Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, LMU Munich, Munich, 81377, Germany
| | - Raphael Ferreira
- Genetics Department, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Nanda Boon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), 2333 ZA, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Gabriele Maria Wögenstein
- Laboratory for Retinal Cell Biology, Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Schlieren, 8952, Switzerland
| | - Christian Grimm
- Laboratory for Retinal Cell Biology, Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Schlieren, 8952, Switzerland
| | - Jan Wijnholds
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), 2333 ZA, Leiden, Netherlands
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), 1105 BA, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Verena Mehlfeld
- Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, LMU Munich, Munich, 81377, Germany
| | - Stylianos Michalakis
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie Fenske
- Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, LMU Munich, Munich, 81377, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, 81377, Germany
| | - Martin Biel
- Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, LMU Munich, Munich, 81377, Germany
| | - Elvir Becirovic
- Laboratory for Retinal Gene Therapy, Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Schlieren, 8952, Switzerland.
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9
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Sun J, Cong Q, Sun T, Xi S, Liu Y, Zeng R, Wang J, Zhang W, Gao J, Qian J, Qin S. Prefrontal cortex-specific Dcc deletion induces schizophrenia-related behavioral phenotypes and fail to be rescued by olanzapine treatment. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 956:175940. [PMID: 37541362 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Multiple genome studies have discovered that variation in deleted in colorectal carcinoma (Dcc) at transcription and translation level were associated with the occurrences of psychiatric disorders. Yet, little is known about the function of Dcc in schizophrenia (SCZ)-related behavioral abnormalities and the efficacy of antipsychotic drugs in vivo. Here, we used an animal model of prefrontal cortex-specific knockdown (KD) of Dcc in adult C57BL/6 mice to study the attention deficits and impaired locomotor activity. Our results supported a critical role of Dcc deletion in SCZ-related behaviors. Notably, olanzapine rescued the SCZ-related behaviors in the MK801-treated mice but not in the cortex-specific Dcc KD mice, indicating that Dcc play a critical in the mechanism of antipsychotic effects of olanzapine. Knockdown of Dcc in prefrontal cortex results in glutamatergic dysfunction, including defects in glutamine synthetase and postsynaptic maturation. As one of the major risk factors of the degree of antipsychotic response, Dcc deletion-induced glutamatergic dysfunction may be involved in the underlying mechanism of treatment resistance of olanzapine. Our findings identified Dcc deletion-mediated SCZ-related behavioral defects, which serve as a valuable animal model for study of SCZ and amenable to targeted investigations in mechanistic hypotheses of the mechanism underlying glutamatergic dysfunction-induced antipsychotic treatment resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sun
- Neurobiology & Mitochondrial Key Laboratory, Effective & Toxicity Monitoring Innovative Practice Center for Food Pharmaceutical Specialty, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China.
| | - Qijie Cong
- Neurobiology & Mitochondrial Key Laboratory, Effective & Toxicity Monitoring Innovative Practice Center for Food Pharmaceutical Specialty, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Tingkai Sun
- Neurobiology & Mitochondrial Key Laboratory, Effective & Toxicity Monitoring Innovative Practice Center for Food Pharmaceutical Specialty, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Siyu Xi
- Neurobiology & Mitochondrial Key Laboratory, Effective & Toxicity Monitoring Innovative Practice Center for Food Pharmaceutical Specialty, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Yunxi Liu
- Neurobiology & Mitochondrial Key Laboratory, Effective & Toxicity Monitoring Innovative Practice Center for Food Pharmaceutical Specialty, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Rongsen Zeng
- Neurobiology & Mitochondrial Key Laboratory, Effective & Toxicity Monitoring Innovative Practice Center for Food Pharmaceutical Specialty, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Jia Wang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Weining Zhang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Jing Gao
- Neurobiology & Mitochondrial Key Laboratory, Effective & Toxicity Monitoring Innovative Practice Center for Food Pharmaceutical Specialty, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Jinjun Qian
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth People's Hospital of Zhenjiang, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China.
| | - Shengying Qin
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, PR China.
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10
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Chae CW, Yoon JH, Lim JR, Park JY, Cho JH, Jung YH, Choi GE, Lee HJ, Han HJ. TRIM16-mediated lysophagy suppresses high-glucose-accumulated neuronal Aβ. Autophagy 2023; 19:2752-2768. [PMID: 37357416 PMCID: PMC10472864 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2229659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
ABBREVIATIONS Aβ: amyloid β; AD: Alzheimer disease; AMPK: 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase; CTSB: cathepsin B; CTSD: cathepsin D; DM: diabetes mellitus; ESCRT: endosomal sorting complex required for transport; FBXO27: F-box protein 27; iPSC-NDs: induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neuronal differentiated cells; LAMP1: lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1; LMP: lysosomal membrane permeabilization; LRSAM1: leucine rich repeat and sterile alpha motif containing 1; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; MTORC1: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase complex 1; p-MAPT/tau: phosphorylated microtubule associated protein tau; ROS: reactive oxygen species; STZ: streptozotocin; TFE3: transcription factor E3; TFEB: transcription factor EB; TRIM16: tripartite motif containing 16; UBE2QL1: ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 Q family like 1; VCP: valosin containing protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Woo Chae
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education & Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jee Hyeon Yoon
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education & Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Ryong Lim
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education & Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Yong Park
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education & Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Hyeon Cho
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education & Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Hyun Jung
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education & Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gee Euhn Choi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology & Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jik Lee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, South Korea
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Ho Jae Han
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education & Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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11
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Wu GH, Guo QH, Xu XD, Lin JC, You GT, Lin CH, Zhang LC. Ketamine exerts dual effects on the apoptosis of primary cultured hippocampal neurons from fetal rats in vitro. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:2417-2426. [PMID: 37273081 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01236-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Ketamine, a noncompetitive N-methyl D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, is widely used in pediatric clinical practice. The neuroprotective and neurotoxic effects of ketamine on brain neurons during development remain controversial. The reason may be related to the different concentrations of ketamine used in practice and the small range of concentrations used in previous studies. In this study, cultured hippocampal neurons were treated with ketamine in a wide range of concentrations to comprehensively observe the effects of different concentrations of ketamine on neurons. We demonstrated that low concentrations of ketamine (10 μM, 100 μM and 1000 μM) promoted neuronal survival (p < 0.05) and reduced neuronal apoptosis (p < 0.05) compared with those of the control group. High concentrations of ketamine (2000 μM, 2500 μM and 3000 μM) reduced neuronal survival (p < 0.05) and promoted neuronal apoptosis (p < 0.05). The p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 reduced neuronal apoptosis induced by high concentrations of ketamine (2500 μM) (p < 0.05). Our findings indicate that ketamine exerts a dual effect on the apoptosis of primary cultured fetal rat hippocampal neurons in vitro and that the neurotoxic effects of ketamine are related to activation of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Hua Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Burn and Trauma, Fujian Burn Institute, Fujian Burn Medical Center, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Que-Hui Guo
- Department of Ultrasound, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fujian, 350001, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jian-Chang Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Burn and Trauma, Fujian Burn Institute, Fujian Burn Medical Center, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Gui-Ting You
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Cai-Hou Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China.
| | - Liang-Cheng Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fujian, 350001, Fuzhou, China.
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12
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Martínez-Mármol R, Giordano-Santini R, Kaulich E, Cho AN, Przybyla M, Riyadh MA, Robinson E, Chew KY, Amor R, Meunier FA, Balistreri G, Short KR, Ke YD, Ittner LM, Hilliard MA. SARS-CoV-2 infection and viral fusogens cause neuronal and glial fusion that compromises neuronal activity. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg2248. [PMID: 37285437 PMCID: PMC10246911 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg2248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Numerous viruses use specialized surface molecules called fusogens to enter host cells. Many of these viruses, including the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), can infect the brain and are associated with severe neurological symptoms through poorly understood mechanisms. We show that SARS-CoV-2 infection induces fusion between neurons and between neurons and glia in mouse and human brain organoids. We reveal that this is caused by the viral fusogen, as it is fully mimicked by the expression of the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein or the unrelated fusogen p15 from the baboon orthoreovirus. We demonstrate that neuronal fusion is a progressive event, leads to the formation of multicellular syncytia, and causes the spread of large molecules and organelles. Last, using Ca2+ imaging, we show that fusion severely compromises neuronal activity. These results provide mechanistic insights into how SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses affect the nervous system, alter its function, and cause neuropathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramón Martínez-Mármol
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Rosina Giordano-Santini
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Eva Kaulich
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Ann-Na Cho
- Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Magdalena Przybyla
- Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Md Asrafuzzaman Riyadh
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Emilija Robinson
- Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Keng Yih Chew
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Rumelo Amor
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Frédéric A. Meunier
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Giuseppe Balistreri
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland
| | - Kirsty R. Short
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Yazi D. Ke
- Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Lars M. Ittner
- Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Massimo A. Hilliard
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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13
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Wu S, Zhang YF, Gui Y, Jiang T, Zhou CM, Li JY, Suo JL, Li YN, Jin RL, Li SL, Cui JY, Tan BH, Li YC. A detection method for neuronal death indicates abnormalities in intracellular membranous components in neuronal cells that underwent delayed death. Prog Neurobiol 2023; 226:102461. [PMID: 37179048 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2023.102461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Acute neuronal degeneration is always preceded under the light and electron microscopes by a stage called microvacuolation, which is characterized by a finely vacuolar alteration in the cytoplasm of the neurons destined to death. In this study, we reported a method for detecting neuronal death using two membrane-bound dyes, rhodamine R6 and DiOC6(3), which may be associated with the so-called microvacuolation. This new method produced a spatiotemporally similar staining pattern to Fluoro-Jade B in kainic acid-damaged brains in mice. Further experiments showed that increased staining of rhodamine R6 and DiOC6(3) was observed only in degenerated neurons, but not in glia, erythrocytes, or meninges. Different from Fluoro-Jade-related dyes, rhodamine R6 and DiOC6(3) staining is highly sensitive to solvent extraction and detergent exposure. Staining with Nile red for phospholipids and filipin III for non-esterified cholesterol supports that the increased staining of rhodamine R6 and DiOC6(3) might be associated with increased levels of phospholipids and free cholesterol in the perinuclear cytoplasm of damaged neurons. In addition to kainic acid-injected neuronal death, rhodamine R6 and DiOC6(3) were similarly useful for detecting neuronal death in ischemic models either in vivo or in vitro. As far as we know, the staining with rhodamine R6 or DiOC6(3) is one of a few histochemical methods for detecting neuronal death whose target molecules have been well defined and therefore may be useful for explaining experimental results as well as exploring the mechanisms of neuronal death. (250 words).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Norman Bethune Health Science Center of Jilin University, Jilin Province 130021, PR China
| | - Yan-Feng Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, PR China
| | - Yue Gui
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Norman Bethune Health Science Center of Jilin University, Jilin Province 130021, PR China
| | - Tian Jiang
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Province 130041, PR China
| | - Cheng-Mei Zhou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Norman Bethune Health Science Center of Jilin University, Jilin Province 130021, PR China
| | - Jing-Yi Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Norman Bethune Health Science Center of Jilin University, Jilin Province 130021, PR China
| | - Jia-Le Suo
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Norman Bethune Health Science Center of Jilin University, Jilin Province 130021, PR China
| | - Yong-Nan Li
- Department of Neurology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150001, PR China
| | - Rui-Lin Jin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Norman Bethune Health Science Center of Jilin University, Jilin Province 130021, PR China
| | - Shu-Lei Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Norman Bethune Health Science Center of Jilin University, Jilin Province 130021, PR China
| | - Jia-Yue Cui
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Norman Bethune Health Science Center of Jilin University, Jilin Province 130021, PR China
| | - Bai-Hong Tan
- Laboratory Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, Norman Bethune Health Science Center of Jilin University, Jilin Province 130021, PR China
| | - Yan-Chao Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Norman Bethune Health Science Center of Jilin University, Jilin Province 130021, PR China.
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14
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Padmanabhan P, Götz J. Clinical relevance of animal models in aging-related dementia research. NATURE AGING 2023; 3:481-493. [PMID: 37202516 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00402-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other, less prevalent dementias are complex age-related disorders that exhibit multiple etiologies. Over the past decades, animal models have provided pathomechanistic insight and evaluated countless therapeutics; however, their value is increasingly being questioned due to the long history of drug failures. In this Perspective, we dispute this criticism. First, the utility of the models is limited by their design, as neither the etiology of AD nor whether interventions should occur at a cellular or network level is fully understood. Second, we highlight unmet challenges shared between animals and humans, including impeded drug transport across the blood-brain barrier, limiting effective treatment development. Third, alternative human-derived models also suffer from the limitations mentioned above and can only act as complementary resources. Finally, age being the strongest AD risk factor should be better incorporated into the experimental design, with computational modeling expected to enhance the value of animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranesh Padmanabhan
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, the University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jürgen Götz
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, the University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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15
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Martin S, Poppe D, Olova N, O'Leary C, Ivanova E, Pflueger J, Dechka J, Simmons RK, Cooper HM, Reik W, Lister R, Wolvetang EJ. Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Neurons as a Model System for Epigenome Maturation during Development. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14050957. [PMID: 37239317 DOI: 10.3390/genes14050957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation in neurons is directly linked to neuronal genome regulation and maturation. Unlike other tissues, vertebrate neurons accumulate high levels of atypical DNA methylation in the CH sequence context (mCH) during early postnatal brain development. Here, we investigate to what extent neurons derived in vitro from both mouse and human pluripotent stem cells recapitulate in vivo DNA methylation patterns. While human ESC-derived neurons did not accumulate mCH in either 2D culture or 3D organoid models even after prolonged culture, cortical neurons derived from mouse ESCs acquired in vivo levels of mCH over a similar time period in both primary neuron cultures and in vivo development. mESC-derived neuron mCH deposition was coincident with a transient increase in Dnmt3a, preceded by the postmitotic marker Rbfox3 (NeuN), was enriched at the nuclear lamina, and negatively correlated with gene expression. We further found that methylation patterning subtly differed between in vitro mES-derived and in vivo neurons, suggesting the involvement of additional noncell autonomous processes. Our findings show that mouse ESC-derived neurons, in contrast to those of humans, can recapitulate the unique DNA methylation landscape of adult neurons in vitro over experimentally tractable timeframes, which allows their use as a model system to study epigenome maturation over development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Martin
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Daniel Poppe
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Nelly Olova
- Epigenetics ISP, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Conor O'Leary
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Elena Ivanova
- Epigenetics ISP, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Jahnvi Pflueger
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Jennifer Dechka
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Rebecca K Simmons
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Helen M Cooper
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Wolf Reik
- Epigenetics ISP, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Ryan Lister
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Ernst J Wolvetang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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16
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Hanč P, Gonzalez RJ, Mazo IB, Wang Y, Lambert T, Ortiz G, Miller EW, von Andrian UH. Multimodal control of dendritic cell functions by nociceptors. Science 2023; 379:eabm5658. [PMID: 36996219 PMCID: PMC10642951 DOI: 10.1126/science.abm5658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
It is known that interactions between nociceptors and dendritic cells (DCs) can modulate immune responses in barrier tissues. However, our understanding of the underlying communication frameworks remains rudimentary. Here, we show that nociceptors control DCs in three molecularly distinct ways. First, nociceptors release the calcitonin gene-related peptide that imparts a distinct transcriptional profile on steady-state DCs characterized by expression of pro-interleukin-1β and other genes implicated in DC sentinel functions. Second, nociceptor activation induces contact-dependent calcium fluxes and membrane depolarization in DCs and enhances their production of proinflammatory cytokines when stimulated. Finally, nociceptor-derived chemokine CCL2 contributes to the orchestration of DC-dependent local inflammation and the induction of adaptive responses against skin-acquired antigens. Thus, the combined actions of nociceptor-derived chemokines, neuropeptides, and electrical activity fine-tune DC responses in barrier tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Hanč
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Rodrigo J Gonzalez
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Irina B Mazo
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Yidi Wang
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Talley Lambert
- Cell Biology Microscopy Facility, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Gloria Ortiz
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular & Cell Biology, and Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Evan W Miller
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular & Cell Biology, and Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Ulrich H von Andrian
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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17
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Turlova E, Ji D, Deurloo M, Wong R, Fleig A, Horgen FD, Sun HS, Feng ZP. Hypoxia-Induced Neurite Outgrowth Involves Regulation Through TRPM7. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:836-850. [PMID: 36378470 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03114-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7) is a ubiquitously expressed divalent cation channel that plays a key role in cell functions such as ion homeostasis, cell proliferation, survival, and cytoskeletal dynamics and mediates cells death in hypoxic and ischemic conditions. Previously, TRPM7 was found to play a role in the neurite outgrowth and maturation of primary hippocampal neurons. Either knockdown of TRPM7 with target-specific shRNA or blocking channel conductance by a specific blocker waixenicin A enhanced axonal outgrowth in the primary neuronal culture. In this study, we investigated whether and how TPRM7 is involved in hypoxia-altered neurite outgrowth patterns in E16 hippocampal neuron cultures. We demonstrate that short-term hypoxia activated the MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt pathways, reduced TRPM7 activity, and enhanced axonal outgrowth of neuronal cultures. On the other hand, long-term hypoxia caused a progressive retraction of axons and dendrites that could be attenuated by the TRPM7-specific inhibitor waixenicin A. Further, we demonstrate that in the presence of astrocytes, axonal retraction in long-term hypoxic conditions was enhanced, and TRPM7 block by waixenicin A prevented this retraction. Our data demonstrate the effect of hypoxia on TRPM7 activity and axonal outgrowth/retraction in cultures with or without astrocytes present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Turlova
- Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Delphine Ji
- Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Marielle Deurloo
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Raymond Wong
- Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Andrea Fleig
- Center for Biomedical Research at The Queen's Medical Center and John A. Burns School of Medicine and Cancer Center at the, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, 96720, USA
| | - F David Horgen
- Department of Natural Sciences, Hawaii Pacific University, Kaneohe, HI, 96744, USA
| | - Hong-Shuo Sun
- Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Toronto, Canada.
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Zhong-Ping Feng
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.
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18
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Tomagra G, Franchino C, Cesano F, Chiarion G, de lure A, Carbone E, Calabresi P, Mesin L, Picconi B, Marcantoni A, Carabelli V. Alpha-synuclein oligomers alter the spontaneous firing discharge of cultured midbrain neurons. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1078550. [PMID: 36744002 PMCID: PMC9896582 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1078550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to monitor the effects of extracellular α-synuclein on the firing activity of midbrain neurons dissociated from substantia nigra TH-GFP mice embryos and cultured on microelectrode arrays (MEA). We monitored the spontaneous firing discharge of the network for 21 days after plating and the role of glutamatergic and GABAergic inputs in regulating burst generation and network synchronism. Addition of GABA A , AMPA and NMDA antagonists did not suppress the spontaneous activity but allowed to identify three types of neurons that exhibited different modalities of firing and response to applied L-DOPA: high-rate (HR) neurons, low-rate pacemaking (LR-p), and low-rate non-pacemaking (LR-np) neurons. Most HR neurons were insensitive to L-DOPA, while the majority of LR-p neurons responded with a decrease of the firing discharge; less defined was the response of LR-np neurons. The effect of exogenous α-synuclein (α-syn) on the firing discharge of midbrain neurons was then studied by varying the exposure time (0-48 h) and the α-syn concentration (0.3-70 μM), while the formation of α-syn oligomers was monitored by means of AFM. Independently of the applied concentration, acute exposure to α-syn monomers did not exert any effect on the spontaneous firing rate of HR, LR-p, and LR-np neurons. On the contrary, after 48 h exposure, the firing activity was drastically altered at late developmental stages (14 days in vitro, DIV, neurons): α-syn oligomers progressively reduced the spontaneous firing discharge (IC50 = 1.03 μM), impaired burst generation and network synchronism, proportionally to the increased oligomer/monomer ratio. Different effects were found on early-stage developed neurons (9 DIV), whose firing discharge remained unaltered, regardless of the applied α-syn concentration and the exposure time. Our findings unravel, for the first time, the variable effects of exogenous α-syn at different stages of midbrain network development and provide new evidence for the early detection of neuronal function impairment associated to aggregated forms of α-syn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Tomagra
- Drug Science Department, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
- Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces Inter-Departmental Research Centre, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Federico Cesano
- Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces Inter-Departmental Research Centre, Turin, Italy
- Department of Chemistry and INSTM-UdR Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Giovanni Chiarion
- Mathematical Biology and Physiology, Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Turin, Italy
| | - Antonio de lure
- Laboratory Experimental Neurophysiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Emilio Carbone
- Drug Science Department, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
- Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces Inter-Departmental Research Centre, Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Calabresi
- Neurological Clinic, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Neurology, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Università Cattolica del “Sacro Cuore,”Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Mesin
- Mathematical Biology and Physiology, Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Turin, Italy
| | - Barbara Picconi
- Laboratory Experimental Neurophysiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Rome, Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Umane e Promozione della Qualitá della Vita, Telematic University San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Marcantoni
- Drug Science Department, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
- Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces Inter-Departmental Research Centre, Turin, Italy
| | - Valentina Carabelli
- Drug Science Department, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
- Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces Inter-Departmental Research Centre, Turin, Italy
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19
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Androgens and NGF Mediate the Neurite-Outgrowth through Inactivation of RhoA. Cells 2023; 12:cells12030373. [PMID: 36766714 PMCID: PMC9913450 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Steroid hormones and growth factors control neuritogenesis through their cognate receptors under physiological and pathological conditions. We have already shown that nerve growth factor and androgens induce neurite outgrowth of PC12 cells through a reciprocal crosstalk between the NGF receptor, TrkA and the androgen receptor. Here, we report that androgens or NGF induce neuritogenesis in PC12 cells through inactivation of RhoA. Ectopic expression of the dominant negative RhoA N19 promotes, indeed, the neurite-elongation of unchallenged and androgen- or NGF-challenged PC12 cells and the increase in the expression levels of βIII tubulin, a specific neuronal marker. Pharmacological inhibition of the Ser/Thr kinase ROCK, an RhoA effector, induces neuritogenesis in unchallenged PC12 cells, and potentiates the effect of androgens and NGF, confirming the role of RhoA/ROCK axis in the neuritogenesis induced by androgen and NGF, through the phosphorylation of Akt. These findings suggest that therapies based on new selective androgen receptor modulators and/or RhoA/ROCK inhibitors might exert beneficial effects in the treatment of neuro-disorders, neurological diseases and ageing-related processes.
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20
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Yang W, Xu QQ, Yuan Q, Xian YF, Lin ZX. Sulforaphene, a CDK5 Inhibitor, attenuates cognitive deficits in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease via reducing Aβ Deposition, tau hyperphosphorylation and synaptic dysfunction. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 114:109504. [PMID: 36508924 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive loss of memory and cognitive functions. There are two pathological hallmarks, including accumulation of amyloid plaques composed of β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) and deposits of neurofibrillatory tangles (NFT). Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5), a serine/threonine kinase, plays an important role in synaptic plasticity and cognitive behavior. Sulforaphene (SF) has been demonstrated to exert anti-AD activity in AD rat model. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the cognitive deficits improving effects of SF on in TgCRND8 mice and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS TgCRND8 mice were intragastrically treated with SF (25 and 50 mg/kg) for 4 months from 3-month-old. The cognitive functions were assessed using Morris Water Maze Test. Cultured primary mouse neurons were pre-treated with SF, followed by co-treatment with Aβ1-42 oligomers. CDK5 inhibitor (roscovitine) was used to determine the involvement of CDK5/p25 pathway in the anti-AD effects of SF in primary neurons. RESULTS Our results showed that SF treatment significantly ameliorated the cognitive deficits in TgCRND8 mice and protected primary mouse neurons against Aβ1-42 induced neurotoxicity. SF could modulate the expression of Aβ production related markers, and suppress the phosphorylation of tau protein at specific sites in the TgCRND8 mice. In addition, SF enhanced the expressions of synaptic plasticity related markers and CDK5. SF also markedly suppressed the CDK5/p25 activity. CONCLUSIONS SF is a potent CDK5 inhibitor and a potential therapeutic agent for treatment and prevention of AD. Moreover, SF inhibited the overexpression of CDK5 in primary neurons of mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Yang
- School of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Qing-Qing Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Qiuju Yuan
- Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Yan-Fang Xian
- School of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Zhi-Xiu Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China; Hong Kong Institute of Integrative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China.
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21
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Conze C, Trushina NI, Holtmannspötter M, Rierola M, Attanasio S, Bakota L, Piehler J, Brandt R. Super-resolution imaging and quantitative analysis of microtubule arrays in model neurons show that epothilone D increases the density but decreases the length and straightness of microtubules in axon-like processes. Brain Res Bull 2022; 190:234-243. [PMID: 36244582 PMCID: PMC9634454 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Microtubules are essential for the development of neurons and the regulation of their structural plasticity. Microtubules also provide the structural basis for the long-distance transport of cargo. Various factors influence the organization and dynamics of neuronal microtubules, and disturbance of microtubule regulation is thought to play a central role in neurodegenerative diseases. However, imaging and quantitative assessment of the microtubule organization in the densely packed neuronal processes is challenging. The development of super-resolution techniques combined with the use of nanobodies offers new possibilities to visualize microtubules in neurites in high resolution. In combination with recently developed computational analysis tools, this allows automated quantification of neuronal microtubule organization with high precision. Here we have implemented three-dimensional DNA-PAINT (Point Accumulation in Nanoscale Topography), a single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) technique, which allows us to acquire 3D arrays of the microtubule lattice in axons of model neurons (neuronally differentiated PC12 cells) and dendrites of primary neurons. For the quantitative analysis of the microtubule organization, we used the open-source software package SMLM image filament extractor (SIFNE). We found that treatment with nanomolar concentrations of the microtubule-targeting drug epothilone D (EpoD) increased microtubule density in axon-like processes of model neurons and shifted the microtubule length distribution to shorter ones, with a mean microtubule length of 2.39 µm (without EpoD) and 1.98 µm (with EpoD). We also observed a significant decrease in microtubule straightness after EpoD treatment. The changes in microtubule density were consistent with live-cell imaging measurements of ensemble microtubule dynamics using a previously established Fluorescence Decay After Photoactivation (FDAP) assay. For comparison, we determined the organization of the microtubule array in dendrites of primary hippocampal neurons. We observed that dendritic microtubules have a very similar length distribution and straightness compared to microtubules in axon-like processes of a neuronal cell line. Our data show that super-resolution imaging of microtubules followed by algorithm-based image analysis represents a powerful tool to quantitatively assess changes in microtubule organization in neuronal processes, useful to determine the effect of microtubule-modulating conditions. We also provide evidence that the approach is robust and can be applied to neuronal cell lines or primary neurons, both after incorporation of labeled tubulin and by anti-tubulin antibody staining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Conze
- Department of Neurobiology, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | | | | | - Marina Rierola
- Department of Neurobiology, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Simone Attanasio
- Department of Neurobiology, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Lidia Bakota
- Department of Neurobiology, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Jacob Piehler
- Center for Cellular Nanoanalytics, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany; Division of Biophysics, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Roland Brandt
- Department of Neurobiology, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany; Center for Cellular Nanoanalytics, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany; Institute of Cognitive Science, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany.
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22
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Prikas E, Paric E, Asih PR, Stefanoska K, Stefen H, Fath T, Poljak A, Ittner A. Tau target identification reveals NSF-dependent effects on AMPA receptor trafficking and memory formation. EMBO J 2022; 41:e10242. [PMID: 35993331 PMCID: PMC9475529 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021110242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubule-associated protein tau is a central factor in Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies. However, the physiological functions of tau are unclear. Here, we used proximity-labelling proteomics to chart tau interactomes in primary neurons and mouse brains in vivo. Tau interactors map onto pathways of cytoskeletal, synaptic vesicle and postsynaptic receptor regulation and show significant enrichment for Parkinson's, Alzheimer's and prion disease. We find that tau interacts with and dose-dependently reduces the activity of N-ethylmaleimide sensitive fusion protein (NSF), a vesicular ATPase essential for AMPA-type glutamate receptor (AMPAR) trafficking. Tau-deficient (tau-/- ) neurons showed mislocalised expression of NSF and enhanced synaptic AMPAR surface levels, reversible through the expression of human tau or inhibition of NSF. Consequently, enhanced AMPAR-mediated associative and object recognition memory in tau-/- mice is suppressed by both hippocampal tau and infusion with an NSF-inhibiting peptide. Pathologic mutant tau from mouse models or Alzheimer's disease significantly enhances NSF inhibition. Our results map neuronal tau interactomes and delineate a functional link of tau with NSF in plasticity-associated AMPAR-trafficking and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Prikas
- Flinders Health & Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public HealthFlinders UniversityAdelaideSAAustralia
| | - Esmeralda Paric
- Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Prita R Asih
- Flinders Health & Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public HealthFlinders UniversityAdelaideSAAustralia
| | - Kristie Stefanoska
- Flinders Health & Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public HealthFlinders UniversityAdelaideSAAustralia
| | - Holly Stefen
- Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Thomas Fath
- Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Anne Poljak
- Mark Wainwright Analytical CentreUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Arne Ittner
- Flinders Health & Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public HealthFlinders UniversityAdelaideSAAustralia
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23
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Prenatal glucocorticoid exposure selectively impairs neuroligin 1-dependent neurogenesis by suppressing astrocytic FGF2-neuronal FGFR1 axis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:294. [PMID: 35562616 PMCID: PMC9106608 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04313-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to maternal stress irreversibly impairs neurogenesis of offspring by inducing life-long effects on interaction between neurons and glia under raging differentiation process, culminating in cognitive and neuropsychiatric abnormalities in adulthood. We identified that prenatal exposure to stress-responsive hormone glucocorticoid impaired neurogenesis and induced abnormal behaviors in ICR mice. Then, we used human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neural stem cell (NSC) to investigate how neurogenesis deficits occur. Following glucocorticoid treatment, NSC-derived astrocytes were found to be A1-like neurotoxic astrocytes. Moreover, cortisol-treated astrocytic conditioned media (ACM) then specifically downregulated AMPA receptor-mediated glutamatergic synaptic formation and transmission in differentiating neurons, by inhibiting localization of ionotropic glutamate receptor (GluR)1/2 into synapses. We then revealed that downregulated astrocytic fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and nuclear fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) of neurons are key pathogenic factors for reducing glutamatergic synaptogenesis. We further confirmed that cortisol-treated ACM specifically decreased the binding of neuronal FGFR1 to the synaptogenic NLGN1 promoter, but this was reversed by FGFR1 restoration. Upregulation of neuroligin 1, which is important in scaffolding GluR1/2 into the postsynaptic compartment, eventually normalized glutamatergic synaptogenesis and subsequent neurogenesis. Moreover, pretreatment of FGF2 elevated neuroligin 1 expression and trafficking of GluR1/2 into the postsynaptic compartment of mice exposed to prenatal corticosterone, improving spatial memory and depression/anxiety-like behaviors. In conclusion, we identified neuroligin 1 restoration by astrocytic FGF2 and its downstream neuronal nuclear FGFR1 as a critical target for preventing prenatal stress-induced dysfunction in glutamatergic synaptogenesis, which recovered both neurogenesis and hippocampal-related behaviors.
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24
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Huang G, Zang J, He L, Zhu H, Huang J, Yuan Z, Chen T, Xu A. Bioactive Nanoenzyme Reverses Oxidative Damage and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Neurons under Ischemic Stroke. ACS NANO 2022; 16:431-452. [PMID: 34958560 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c07205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Designing translational antioxidative agents that could scavenge free radicals produced during reperfusion in brain ischemia stroke and alleviate neurologic damage is the main objective for ischemic stroke treatment. Herein, we explored and simply synthesized a biomimic and translational Mn3O4 nanoenzyme (HSA-Mn3O4) to constrain ischemic stroke reperfusion-induced nervous system injury. This nanosystem exhibits reduced levels of inflammation and prolonged circulation time and potent ROS scavenging activities. As expected, HSA-Mn3O4 effectively inhibits oxygen and glucose deprivation-mediated cell apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress and demonstrates neuroprotective capacity against ischemic stroke and reperfusion injury of brain tissue. Furthermore, HSA-Mn3O4 effectively releases Mn ions and promotes the increase of superoxide dismutase 2 activity. Therefore, HSA-Mn3O4 inhibits brain tissue damage by restraining cell apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress in vivo. Taken together, this study not only sheds light on design of biomimic and translational nanomedicine but also reveals the neuroprotective action mechanisms against ischemic stroke and reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanning Huang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital and Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P.R. China
| | - Jiankun Zang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital and Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P.R. China
| | - Lizhen He
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital and Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P.R. China
| | - Huili Zhu
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital and Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P.R. China
| | - Jiarun Huang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital and Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P.R. China
| | - Zhongwen Yuan
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital and Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P.R. China
| | - Tianfeng Chen
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital and Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P.R. China
| | - Anding Xu
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital and Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P.R. China
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25
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Liu X, Wei Q, Yang X, Wang X, Zhang J, Xu R, Zhang H, Wang S, Wan X, Jiang L, He Y, Li S, Chen R, Wang Y, Chen Y, Qin F, Chen Y, Dai Y, Li H, Zhao Y, Zhang H, Bu Q, Wang H, Tian J, Zhao Y, Cen X. Lipidomics Reveals Dysregulated Glycerophospholipid Metabolism in the Corpus Striatum of Mice Treated with Cefepime. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:4449-4464. [PMID: 34762393 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cefepime exhibits a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity and thus is a widely used treatment for severe bacterial infections. Adverse effects on the central nervous system (CNS) have been reported in patients treated with cefepime. Current explanation for the adverse neurobehavioral effect of cefepime is mainly attributed to its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier and competitively bind to the GABAergic receptor; however, the underlying mechanism is largely unknown. In this study, mice were intraperitoneally administered 80 mg/kg cefepime for different periods, followed by neurobehavioral tests and a brain lipidomic analysis. LC/MS-MS-based metabolomics was used to investigate the effect of cefepime on the brain lipidomic profile and metabolic pathways. Repeated cefepime treatment time-dependently caused anxiety-like behaviors, which were accompanied by reduced locomotor activity in the open field test. Cefepime profoundly altered the lipid profile, acyl chain length, and unsaturation of fatty acids in the corpus striatum, and glycerophospholipids accounted for a large proportion of those significantly modified lipids. In addition, cefepime treatment caused obvious alteration in the lipid-enriched membrane structure, neurites, mitochondria, and synaptic vesicles of primary cultured striatal neurons; moreover, the spontaneous electrical activity of striatal neurons was significantly reduced. Collectively, cefepime reprograms glycerophospholipid metabolism in the corpus striatum, which may interfere with neuronal structure and activity, eventually leading to aberrant neurobehaviors in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocong Liu
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, No. 1 Keyuan Road, Gaopeng Street, High-Tech Development Zone, Chengdu 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingfan Wei
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, No. 1 Keyuan Road, Gaopeng Street, High-Tech Development Zone, Chengdu 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Yang
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, No. 1 Keyuan Road, Gaopeng Street, High-Tech Development Zone, Chengdu 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, No. 1 Keyuan Road, Gaopeng Street, High-Tech Development Zone, Chengdu 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiamei Zhang
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, No. 1 Keyuan Road, Gaopeng Street, High-Tech Development Zone, Chengdu 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Xu
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, No. 1 Keyuan Road, Gaopeng Street, High-Tech Development Zone, Chengdu 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haoluo Zhang
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, No. 1 Keyuan Road, Gaopeng Street, High-Tech Development Zone, Chengdu 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaomin Wang
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, No. 1 Keyuan Road, Gaopeng Street, High-Tech Development Zone, Chengdu 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Wan
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, No. 1 Keyuan Road, Gaopeng Street, High-Tech Development Zone, Chengdu 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Linhong Jiang
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, No. 1 Keyuan Road, Gaopeng Street, High-Tech Development Zone, Chengdu 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuman He
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, No. 1 Keyuan Road, Gaopeng Street, High-Tech Development Zone, Chengdu 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu Li
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, No. 1 Keyuan Road, Gaopeng Street, High-Tech Development Zone, Chengdu 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rong Chen
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, No. 1 Keyuan Road, Gaopeng Street, High-Tech Development Zone, Chengdu 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yonghai Wang
- Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaxing Chen
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, No. 1 Keyuan Road, Gaopeng Street, High-Tech Development Zone, Chengdu 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Qin
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, No. 1 Keyuan Road, Gaopeng Street, High-Tech Development Zone, Chengdu 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, No. 1 Keyuan Road, Gaopeng Street, High-Tech Development Zone, Chengdu 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanping Dai
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, No. 1 Keyuan Road, Gaopeng Street, High-Tech Development Zone, Chengdu 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongchun Li
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, No. 1 Keyuan Road, Gaopeng Street, High-Tech Development Zone, Chengdu 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhao
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, No. 1 Keyuan Road, Gaopeng Street, High-Tech Development Zone, Chengdu 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huaqin Zhang
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, No. 1 Keyuan Road, Gaopeng Street, High-Tech Development Zone, Chengdu 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Bu
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, No. 1 Keyuan Road, Gaopeng Street, High-Tech Development Zone, Chengdu 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongbo Wang
- Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingwei Tian
- Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinglan Zhao
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, No. 1 Keyuan Road, Gaopeng Street, High-Tech Development Zone, Chengdu 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Cen
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, No. 1 Keyuan Road, Gaopeng Street, High-Tech Development Zone, Chengdu 610041, People’s Republic of China
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Nordström E, Eriksson F, Sigvardson J, Johannesson M, Kasrayan A, Jones-Kostalla M, Appelkvist P, Söderberg L, Nygren P, Blom M, Rachalski A, Nordenankar K, Zachrisson O, Amandius E, Osswald G, Moge M, Ingelsson M, Bergström J, Lannfelt L, Möller C, Giorgetti M, Fälting J. ABBV-0805, a novel antibody selective for soluble aggregated α-synuclein, prolongs lifespan and prevents buildup of α-synuclein pathology in mouse models of Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 161:105543. [PMID: 34737044 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that aggregated α-synuclein, the major constituent of Lewy bodies, plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease and related α-synucleinopathies. Immunotherapies, both active and passive, against α-synuclein have been developed and are promising novel treatment strategies for such disorders. Here, we report on the humanization and pharmacological characteristics of ABBV-0805, a monoclonal antibody that exhibits a high selectivity for human aggregated α-synuclein and very low affinity for monomers. ABBV-0805 binds to a broad spectrum of soluble aggregated α-synuclein, including small and large aggregates of different conformations. Binding of ABBV-0805 to pathological α-synuclein was demonstrated in Lewy body-positive post mortem brains of Parkinson's disease patients. The functional potency of ABBV-0805 was demonstrated in several cellular assays, including Fcγ-receptor mediated uptake of soluble aggregated α-synuclein in microglia and inhibition of neurotoxicity in primary neurons. In vivo, the murine version of ABBV-0805 (mAb47) displayed significant dose-dependent decrease of α-synuclein aggregates in brain in several mouse models, both in prophylactic and therapeutic settings. In addition, mAb47 treatment of α-synuclein transgenic mice resulted in a significantly prolonged survival. ABBV-0805 selectively targets soluble toxic α-synuclein aggregates with a picomolar affinity and demonstrates excellent in vivo efficacy. Based on the strong preclinical findings described herein, ABBV-0805 has been progressed into clinical development as a potential disease-modifying treatment for Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Nordström
- BioArctic AB, Warfvinges väg 35, SE-112 51 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | | | | | | | - Alex Kasrayan
- BioArctic AB, Warfvinges väg 35, SE-112 51 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | | | | | - Linda Söderberg
- BioArctic AB, Warfvinges väg 35, SE-112 51 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Patrik Nygren
- BioArctic AB, Warfvinges väg 35, SE-112 51 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Magdalena Blom
- BioArctic AB, Warfvinges väg 35, SE-112 51 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | | | | | - Olof Zachrisson
- BioArctic AB, Warfvinges väg 35, SE-112 51 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Ebba Amandius
- BioArctic AB, Warfvinges väg 35, SE-112 51 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Gunilla Osswald
- BioArctic AB, Warfvinges väg 35, SE-112 51 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Mikael Moge
- BioArctic AB, Warfvinges väg 35, SE-112 51 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Martin Ingelsson
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Rudbecklaboratoriet, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Joakim Bergström
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Rudbecklaboratoriet, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Lars Lannfelt
- BioArctic AB, Warfvinges väg 35, SE-112 51 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Rudbecklaboratoriet, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Christer Möller
- BioArctic AB, Warfvinges väg 35, SE-112 51 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | | | - Johanna Fälting
- BioArctic AB, Warfvinges väg 35, SE-112 51 Stockholm, Sweden.
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27
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Rapid initiation of cell cycle reentry processes protects neurons from amyloid-β toxicity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2011876118. [PMID: 33737393 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2011876118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurons are postmitotic cells. Reactivation of the cell cycle by neurons has been reported in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains and models. This gave rise to the hypothesis that reentering the cell cycle renders neurons vulnerable and thus contributes to AD pathogenesis. Here, we use the fluorescent ubiquitination-based cell cycle indicator (FUCCI) technology to monitor the cell cycle in live neurons. We found transient, self-limited cell cycle reentry activity in naive neurons, suggesting that their postmitotic state is a dynamic process. Furthermore, we observed a diverse response to oligomeric amyloid-β (oAβ) challenge; neurons without cell cycle reentry activity would undergo cell death without activating the FUCCI reporter, while neurons undergoing cell cycle reentry activity at the time of the oAβ challenge could maintain and increase FUCCI reporter signal and evade cell death. Accordingly, we observed marked neuronal FUCCI positivity in the brains of human mutant Aβ precursor protein transgenic (APP23) mice together with increased neuronal expression of the endogenous cell cycle control protein geminin in the brains of 3-mo-old APP23 mice and human AD brains. Taken together, our data challenge the current view on cell cycle in neurons and AD, suggesting that pathways active during early cell cycle reentry in neurons protect from Aβ toxicity.
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28
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Chaichim C, Tomanic T, Stefen H, Paric E, Gamaroff L, Suchowerska AK, Gunning PW, Ke YD, Fath T, Power J. Overexpression of Tropomyosin Isoform Tpm3.1 Does Not Alter Synaptic Function in Hippocampal Neurons. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179303. [PMID: 34502205 PMCID: PMC8430609 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tropomyosin (Tpm) has been regarded as the master regulator of actin dynamics. Tpms regulate the binding of the various proteins involved in restructuring actin. The actin cytoskeleton is the predominant cytoskeletal structure in dendritic spines. Its regulation is critical for spine formation and long-term activity-dependent changes in synaptic strength. The Tpm isoform Tpm3.1 is enriched in dendritic spines, but its role in regulating the synapse structure and function is not known. To determine the role of Tpm3.1, we studied the synapse structure and function of cultured hippocampal neurons from transgenic mice overexpressing Tpm3.1. We recorded hippocampal field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) from brain slices to examine if Tpm3.1 overexpression alters long-term synaptic plasticity. Tpm3.1-overexpressing cultured neurons did not show a significantly altered dendritic spine morphology or synaptic activity. Similarly, we did not observe altered synaptic transmission or plasticity in brain slices. Furthermore, expression of Tpm3.1 at the postsynaptic compartment does not increase the local F-actin levels. The results suggest that although Tpm3.1 localises to dendritic spines in cultured hippocampal neurons, it does not have any apparent impact on dendritic spine morphology or function. This is contrary to the functional role of Tpm3.1 previously observed at the tip of growing neurites, where it increases the F-actin levels and impacts growth cone dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanchanok Chaichim
- Translational Neuroscience Facility, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia; (T.T.); (H.S.); (E.P.); (L.G.); (A.K.S.); (Y.D.K.)
| | - Tamara Tomanic
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia; (T.T.); (H.S.); (E.P.); (L.G.); (A.K.S.); (Y.D.K.)
| | - Holly Stefen
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia; (T.T.); (H.S.); (E.P.); (L.G.); (A.K.S.); (Y.D.K.)
| | - Esmeralda Paric
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia; (T.T.); (H.S.); (E.P.); (L.G.); (A.K.S.); (Y.D.K.)
| | - Lucy Gamaroff
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia; (T.T.); (H.S.); (E.P.); (L.G.); (A.K.S.); (Y.D.K.)
| | - Alexandra K. Suchowerska
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia; (T.T.); (H.S.); (E.P.); (L.G.); (A.K.S.); (Y.D.K.)
| | - Peter W. Gunning
- Cellular and Genetic Medicine Unit, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;
| | - Yazi D. Ke
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia; (T.T.); (H.S.); (E.P.); (L.G.); (A.K.S.); (Y.D.K.)
| | - Thomas Fath
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia; (T.T.); (H.S.); (E.P.); (L.G.); (A.K.S.); (Y.D.K.)
- Correspondence: (T.F.); (J.P.)
| | - John Power
- Translational Neuroscience Facility, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;
- Correspondence: (T.F.); (J.P.)
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Yu Y, Gao Y, Winblad B, Tjernberg LO, Schedin-Weiss S. A Super-Resolved View of the Alzheimer's Disease-Related Amyloidogenic Pathway in Hippocampal Neurons. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 83:833-852. [PMID: 34366358 PMCID: PMC8543249 DOI: 10.3233/jad-215008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Processing of the amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP) is neurophysiologically important due to the resulting fragments that regulate synapse biology, as well as potentially harmful due to generation of the 42 amino acid long amyloid β-peptide (Aβ42), which is a key player in Alzheimer's disease. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to clarify the subcellular locations of the fragments involved in the amyloidogenic pathway in primary neurons with a focus on Aβ42 and its immediate substrate AβPP C-terminal fragment (APP-CTF). To overcome the difficulties of resolving these compartments due to their small size, we used super-resolution microscopy. METHODS Mouse primary hippocampal neurons were immunolabelled and imaged by stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy, including three-dimensional three-channel imaging, and quantitative image analyses. RESULTS The first (β-secretase) and second (γ-secretase) cleavages of AβPP were localized to functionally and distally distinct compartments. The β-secretase cleavage was observed in early endosomes in soma, where we were able to show that the liberated N- and C-terminal fragments were sorted into distinct vesicles budding from the early endosomes. Lack of colocalization of Aβ42 and APP-CTF in soma suggested that γ-secretase cleavage occurs in neurites. Indeed, APP-CTF was, in line with Aβ42 in our previous study, enriched in the presynapse but absent from the postsynapse. In contrast, full-length AβPP was not detected in either the pre- or the postsynaptic side of the synapse. Furthermore, we observed that endogenously produced and endocytosed Aβ42 were localized in different compartments. CONCLUSION These findings provide critical super-resolved insight into amyloidogenic AβPP processing in primary neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Yang Gao
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Bengt Winblad
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.,Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Lars O Tjernberg
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Sophia Schedin-Weiss
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
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30
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Di Martino R, Sisalli MJ, Sirabella R, Della Notte S, Borzacchiello D, Feliciello A, Annunziato L, Scorziello A. Ncx3-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Midbrain Leads to Neuroinflammation in Striatum of A53t-α-Synuclein Transgenic Old Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158177. [PMID: 34360942 PMCID: PMC8347885 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The exact mechanism underlying selective dopaminergic neurodegeneration is not completely understood. The complex interplay among toxic alpha-synuclein aggregates, oxidative stress, altered intracellular Ca2+-homeostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction and disruption of mitochondrial integrity is considered among the pathogenic mechanisms leading to dopaminergic neuronal loss. We herein investigated the molecular mechanisms leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and its relationship with activation of the neuroinflammatory process occurring in Parkinson’s disease. To address these issues, experiments were performed in vitro and in vivo in mice carrying the human mutation of α-synuclein A53T under the prion murine promoter. In these models, the expression and activity of NCX isoforms, a family of important transporters regulating ionic homeostasis in mammalian cells working in a bidirectional way, were evaluated in neurons and glial cells. Mitochondrial function was monitored with confocal microscopy and fluorescent dyes to measure mitochondrial calcium content and mitochondrial membrane potential. Parallel experiments were performed in 4 and 16-month-old A53T-α-synuclein Tg mice to correlate the functional data obtained in vitro with mitochondrial dysfunction and neuroinflammation through biochemical analysis. The results obtained demonstrated: 1. in A53T mice mitochondrial dysfunction occurs early in midbrain and later in striatum; 2. mitochondrial dysfunction occurring in the midbrain is mediated by the impairment of NCX3 protein expression in neurons and astrocytes; 3. mitochondrial dysfunction occurring early in midbrain triggers neuroinflammation later into the striatum, thus contributing to PD progression during mice aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossana Di Martino
- Department of Neuroscience, Division of Pharmacology, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.D.M.); (M.J.S.); (R.S.); (S.D.N.)
| | - Maria Josè Sisalli
- Department of Neuroscience, Division of Pharmacology, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.D.M.); (M.J.S.); (R.S.); (S.D.N.)
| | - Rossana Sirabella
- Department of Neuroscience, Division of Pharmacology, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.D.M.); (M.J.S.); (R.S.); (S.D.N.)
| | - Salvatore Della Notte
- Department of Neuroscience, Division of Pharmacology, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.D.M.); (M.J.S.); (R.S.); (S.D.N.)
| | - Domenica Borzacchiello
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.B.); (A.F.)
| | - Antonio Feliciello
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.B.); (A.F.)
| | | | - Antonella Scorziello
- Department of Neuroscience, Division of Pharmacology, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.D.M.); (M.J.S.); (R.S.); (S.D.N.)
- Correspondence:
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King D, Skehel PA, Dando O, Emelianova K, Barron R, Wishart TM. Microarray profiling emphasizes transcriptomic differences between hippocampal in vivo tissue and in vitro cultures. Brain Commun 2021; 3:fcab152. [PMID: 34396110 PMCID: PMC8361418 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcab152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary hippocampal cell cultures are routinely used as an experimentally accessible model platform for the hippocampus and brain tissue in general. Containing multiple cell types including neurons, astrocytes and microglia in a state that can be readily analysed optically, biochemically and electrophysiologically, such cultures have been used in many in vitro studies. To what extent the in vivo environment is recapitulated in primary cultures is an on-going question. Here, we compare the transcriptomic profiles of primary hippocampal cell cultures and intact hippocampal tissue. In addition, by comparing profiles from wild type and the PrP 101LL transgenic model of prion disease, we also demonstrate that gene conservation is predominantly conserved across genetically altered lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Declan King
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, UK Dementia Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Paul A Skehel
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, UK Dementia Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Owen Dando
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, UK Dementia Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Katie Emelianova
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, UK Dementia Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Rona Barron
- School of Health Sciences, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh EH21 6UU, UK
| | - Thomas M Wishart
- College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK
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Precise spatiotemporal control of voltage-gated sodium channels by photocaged saxitoxin. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4171. [PMID: 34234116 PMCID: PMC8263607 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24392-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Here we report the pharmacologic blockade of voltage-gated sodium ion channels (NaVs) by a synthetic saxitoxin derivative affixed to a photocleavable protecting group. We demonstrate that a functionalized saxitoxin (STX-eac) enables exquisite spatiotemporal control of NaVs to interrupt action potentials in dissociated neurons and nerve fiber bundles. The photo-uncaged inhibitor (STX-ea) is a nanomolar potent, reversible binder of NaVs. We use STX-eac to reveal differential susceptibility of myelinated and unmyelinated axons in the corpus callosum to NaV-dependent alterations in action potential propagation, with unmyelinated axons preferentially showing reduced action potential fidelity under conditions of partial NaV block. These results validate STX-eac as a high precision tool for robust photocontrol of neuronal excitability and action potential generation.
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33
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Syntaxins 6 and 8 facilitate tau into secretory pathways. Biochem J 2021; 478:1471-1484. [PMID: 33769438 PMCID: PMC8057678 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Tau pathology initiates in defined brain regions and is known to spread along neuronal connections as symptoms progress in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other tauopathies. This spread requires the release of tau from donor cells, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remained unknown. Here, we established the interactome of the C-terminal tail region of tau and identified syntaxin 8 (STX8) as a mediator of tau release from cells. Similarly, we showed the syntaxin 6 (STX6), part of the same SNARE family as STX8 also facilitated tau release. STX6 was previously genetically linked to progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), a tauopathy. Finally, we demonstrated that the transmembrane domain of STX6 is required and sufficient to mediate tau secretion. The differential role of STX6 and STX8 in alternative secretory pathways suggests the association of tau with different secretory processes. Taken together, both syntaxins, STX6 and STX8, may contribute to AD and PSP pathogenesis by mediating release of tau from cells and facilitating pathology spreading.
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LaBarbera KM, Limegrover C, Rehak C, Yurko R, Izzo NJ, Knezovich N, Watto E, Waybright L, Catalano SM. Modeling the mature CNS: A predictive screening platform for neurodegenerative disease drug discovery. J Neurosci Methods 2021; 358:109180. [PMID: 33836174 PMCID: PMC8217273 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2021.109180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: Mature primary neuronal cultures are an important model of the nervous system, but limited scalability has been a major challenge in their use for drug discovery of neurodegenerative diseases. This work describes a method for improving scalability through the use of larger format microtiter plates while preserving culture quality. New Method: Here we describe a method and quality control procedures for growing embryonic day 18 rat hippocampal/cortical neuronal cultures in 384-well microtiter plates for three weeks in vitro. Results: We use these cultures in two assays measuring intracellular lipid vesicle trafficking and synapse density for routine screening of small molecule libraries. Together this culture system and screening platform have successfully identified therapeutics capable of improving cognitive function in transgenic models of Alzheimer’s disease that have advanced to clinical trials, validating their translational applicability. Comparison with Existing Methods: Our method enables the growth of healthy, mature neurons in larger format microtiter plates than in traditional primary neuronal culturing protocols, making it ideal for drug screening and mechanism of action studies. Conclusion: The predictive capacity of this culture system and screening platform provides a method for rapidly identifying novel disease-modifying neurodegenerative therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Courtney Rehak
- Cognition Therapeutics Inc., Pittsburgh, PA, 15203, United States
| | - Raymond Yurko
- Cognition Therapeutics Inc., Pittsburgh, PA, 15203, United States
| | | | - Nicole Knezovich
- Cognition Therapeutics Inc., Pittsburgh, PA, 15203, United States
| | - Emily Watto
- Cognition Therapeutics Inc., Pittsburgh, PA, 15203, United States
| | - Lora Waybright
- Cognition Therapeutics Inc., Pittsburgh, PA, 15203, United States
| | - Susan M Catalano
- Cognition Therapeutics Inc., Pittsburgh, PA, 15203, United States.
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35
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Deletion of the Actin-Associated Tropomyosin Tpm3 Leads to Reduced Cell Complexity in Cultured Hippocampal Neurons-New Insights into the Role of the C-Terminal Region of Tpm3.1. Cells 2021; 10:cells10030715. [PMID: 33807093 PMCID: PMC8005004 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tropomyosins (Tpms) have been described as master regulators of actin, with Tpm3 products shown to be involved in early developmental processes, and the Tpm3 isoform Tpm3.1 controlling changes in the size of neuronal growth cones and neurite growth. Here, we used primary mouse hippocampal neurons of C57/Bl6 wild type and Bl6Tpm3flox transgenic mice to carry out morphometric analyses in response to the absence of Tpm3 products, as well as to investigate the effect of C-terminal truncation on the ability of Tpm3.1 to modulate neuronal morphogenesis. We found that the knock-out of Tpm3 leads to decreased neurite length and complexity, and that the deletion of two amino acid residues at the C-terminus of Tpm3.1 leads to more detrimental changes in neurite morphology than the deletion of six amino acid residues. We also found that Tpm3.1 that lacks the 6 C-terminal amino acid residues does not associate with stress fibres, does not segregate to the tips of neurites, and does not impact the amount of the filamentous actin pool at the axonal growth cones, as opposed to Tpm3.1, which lacks the two C-terminal amino acid residues. Our study provides further insight into the role of both Tpm3 products and the C-terminus of Tpm3.1, and it forms the basis for future studies that aim to identify the molecular mechanisms underlying Tpm3.1 targeting to different subcellular compartments.
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36
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Rayner SL, Cheng F, Hogan AL, Grima N, Yang S, Ke YD, Au CG, Morsch M, De Luca A, Davidson JM, Molloy MP, Shi B, Ittner LM, Blair I, Chung RS, Lee A. ALS/FTD-causing mutation in cyclin F causes the dysregulation of SFPQ. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:971-984. [PMID: 33729478 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we identified missense mutations in CCNF that are causative of familial and sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Hallmark features of these diseases include the build-up of insoluble protein aggregates as well as the mislocalization of proteins such as transactive response DNA binding protein 43 kDa (TDP-43). In recent years, the dysregulation of SFPQ (splicing factor proline and glutamine rich) has also emerged as a pathological hallmark of ALS/FTD. CCNF encodes for the protein cyclin F, a substrate recognition component of an E3 ubiquitin ligase. We have previously shown that ALS/FTD-linked mutations in CCNF cause disruptions to overall protein homeostasis that leads to a build-up of K48-linked ubiquitylated proteins as well as defects in autophagic machinery. To investigate further processes that may be affected by cyclin F, we used a protein-proximity ligation method, known as Biotin Identification (BioID), standard immunoprecipitations and mass spectrometry to identify novel interaction partners of cyclin F and infer further process that may be affected by the ALS/FTD-causing mutation. Results demonstrate that cyclin F closely associates with proteins involved with RNA metabolism as well as a number of RNA-binding proteins previously linked to ALS/FTD, including SFPQ. Notably, the overexpression of cyclin F(S621G) led to the aggregation and altered subcellular distribution of SFPQ in human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells, while leading to altered degradation in primary neurons. Overall, our data links ALS/FTD-causing mutations in CCNF to converging pathological features of ALS/FTD and provides a link between defective protein degradation systems and the pathological accumulation of a protein involved in RNA processing and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Rayner
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Flora Cheng
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Alison L Hogan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Natalie Grima
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Shu Yang
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Yazi D Ke
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Carol G Au
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Marco Morsch
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Alana De Luca
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Jennilee M Davidson
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Mark P Molloy
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, Pacific Hwy, St Leonards, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - Bingyang Shi
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Lars M Ittner
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Ian Blair
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Roger S Chung
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Albert Lee
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
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Zang J, Wu Y, Su X, Zhang T, Tang X, Ma D, Li Y, Liu Y, Weng Z, Liu X, Tsang CK, Xu A, Lu D. Inhibition of PDE1-B by Vinpocetine Regulates Microglial Exosomes and Polarization Through Enhancing Autophagic Flux for Neuroprotection Against Ischemic Stroke. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:616590. [PMID: 33614626 PMCID: PMC7889976 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.616590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes contribute to cell–cell communications. Emerging evidence has shown that microglial exosomes may play crucial role in regulation of neuronal functions under ischemic conditions. However, the underlying mechanisms of microglia-derived exosome biosynthesis are largely unknown. Herein, we reported that the microglial PDE1-B expression was progressively elevated in the peri-infarct region after focal middle cerebral artery occlusion. By an oxygen-glucose-deprivation (OGD) ischemic model in cells, we found that inhibition of PDE1-B by vinpocetine in the microglial cells promoted M2 and inhibited M1 phenotype. In addition, knockdown or inhibition of PDE1-B significantly enhanced the autophagic flux in BV2 cells, and vinpocetine-mediated suppression of M1 phenotype was dependent on autophagy in ischemic conditions. Co-culture of BV2 cells and neurons revealed that vinpocetine-treated BV2 cells alleviated OGD-induced neuronal damage, and treatment of BV2 cells with 3-MA abolished the observed effects of vinpocetine. We further demonstrated that ischemia and vinpocetine treatment significantly altered microglial exosome biogenesis and release, which could be taken up by recipient neurons and regulated neuronal damage. Finally, we showed that the isolated exosome per se from conditioned BV2 cells is sufficient to regulate cortical neuronal survival in vivo. Taken together, these results revealed a novel microglia-neuron interaction mediated by microglia-derived exosomes under ischemic conditions. Our findings further suggest that PDE1-B regulates autophagic flux and exosome biogenesis in microglia which plays a crucial role in neuronal survival under cerebral ischemic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiankun Zang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yousheng Wu
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuanlin Su
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianyuan Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xionglin Tang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Dan Ma
- Section of Molecular Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yufeng Li
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanfang Liu
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ze'an Weng
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuanzhuo Liu
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chi Kwan Tsang
- Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anding Xu
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Lu
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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38
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Braïni C, Bugnicourt G, Villard C. Neuronal growth from a volume perspective. Phys Biol 2021; 18:016007. [PMID: 33147573 DOI: 10.1088/1478-3975/abc79c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Microfluidic-based fluorescent exclusion method allows to tackle the issue of neuronal growth from a volume perspective. Based on this technology, we studied the two main actin-rich structures accompanying the early stages of neuron development, i.e. growth cones, located at the tip of growing neuronal processes, and propagative actin waves. Our work reveals that growth cones tend to loose volume during their forward motion, as do actin waves during their journey from the cell body to the tip of neuronal processes, before the total transfer of their remaining volume to the growth cone. Actin waves seem thus to supply material to increasingly distant growth cones as neurons develop. In addition, our work may suggest the existence of a membrane recycling phenomena associated to actin waves as a pulsatile anterograde source of material and by a continuous retrograde transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Braïni
- Physico-Chimie Curie, CNRS UMR 168, Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
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39
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Disrupted Excitatory Synaptic Contacts and Altered Neuronal Network Activity Underpins the Neurological Phenotype in PCDH19-Clustering Epilepsy (PCDH19-CE). Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:2005-2018. [PMID: 33411240 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02242-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PCDH19-Clustering Epilepsy (PCDH19-CE) is an infantile onset disorder caused by mutation of the X-linked PCDH19 gene. Intriguingly, heterozygous females are affected while hemizygous males are not. While there is compelling evidence that this disorder stems from the coexistence of WT and PCDH19-null cells, the cellular mechanism underpinning the neurological phenotype remains unclear. Here, we investigate the impact of Pcdh19 WT and KO neuron mosaicism on synaptogenesis and network activity. Using our previously established knock-in and knock-out mouse models, together with CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing technology, we demonstrate a reduction in excitatory synaptic contacts between PCDH19-expressing and PCDH19-null neurons. Significantly altered neuronal morphology and neuronal network activities were also identified in the mixed populations. In addition, we show that in Pcdh19 heterozygous mice, where the coexistence of WT and KO neurons naturally occurs, aberrant contralateral axonal branching is present. Overall, our data show that mosaic expression of PCDH19 disrupts physiological neurite communication leading to abnormal neuronal activity, a hallmark of PCDH19-CE.
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40
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He GQ, Chen Y, Liao HJ, Xu WM, Zhang W, He GL. Associations between Huwe1 and autophagy in rat cerebral neuron oxygen‑glucose deprivation and reperfusion injury. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:5083-5094. [PMID: 33173969 PMCID: PMC7646962 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy and the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) are two major protein degradation pathways involved in brain ischemia. Autophagy can compensate for UPS impairment-induced cellular dysfunction. HECT, UBA and WWE domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 (Huwe1), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, serves critical roles in nervous system plasticity, regeneration and disease. However, the role of Huwe1 in autophagy in brain ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the crosstalk between autophagy and the UPS in brain ischemia. The present study established an oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R) model in rat primary cortex neurons in vitro. Lentiviral interference was used to silence the expression of Huwe1. An autophagy promoter (rapamycin), an autophagy inhibitor (wortmannin) and a JNK pathway inhibitor (SP600125) were also used in the current study. Cellular autophagy-related proteins, including Beclin-1, autophagy related (ATG) 7, ATG5, ATG3 and microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 α, and apoptosis-related proteins, such as P53, cleaved caspase 3, Bax and Bcl2, were detected via western blotting and immunocytochemistry. Neuronal apoptosis was evaluated using a TUNEL assay. The results demonstrated that silencing Huwe1 increased the expression levels of autophagy-related proteins at 24 h after OGD/R. Treatment with a JNK inhibitor or cotreatment with Huwe1 shRNA significantly increased autophagy. Rapamycin increased apoptosis under OGD/R conditions. However, treatment with Huwe1 shRNA decreased the number of TUNEL-positive cells at 24 h after OGD/R. Cotreatment with Huwe1 shRNA and wortmannin alleviated neuronal apoptosis under OGD/R conditions compared with cotreatment with DMSO. Collectively, the present results suggested that silencing Huwe1 was accompanied by a compensatory induction of autophagy under OGD/R conditions. Furthermore, the JNK pathway may be a key mediator of the interaction between Huwe1 and autophagy in response to UPS impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Qian He
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Juan Liao
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Ming Xu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to School of Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Guo-Lin He
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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41
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Xu X, Wu G, Liu Y, Zhang L. Effects of propofol on hippocampal neuron viability. Childs Nerv Syst 2020; 36:1995-2002. [PMID: 32179983 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-020-04548-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In this study, we investigated the effects of different concentration of propofol on cell viability of hippocampal neurons and explored the possible mechanism. PATIENTS AND METHODS Primary hippocampal neurons were cultured in vitro and treated with different concentration of propofol. MTT was used to examine the survival of neurons. Flow cytometry was used to detect the neuronal apoptosis. Western-blot analysis was used to examine the expression level of p-p38MAPK and p38MAPK. RESULTS We found that low concentration propofol (0.5 μM and 1 μM) promoted the cell survival rate; however, high concentration of propofol (10 μM,50 μM,100 μM,150 μM, and 200 μM) decreased the cell survival rate (P < 0.05). Flow cytometry showed that the neuronal apoptosis rate was decreased in 1 μM propofol group (P < 0.05), but was significantly higher in10μM, 100 μM and 200 μM groups in a concentration-dependent manner (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Western blot revealed that the propofol induced the phosphorylation of p38MAPK concentration-dependently and time-dependently. SB203580, one inhibitor of p38MAPK, increased the cell survival rate and decreased the cell apoptosis induced by high concentration of propofol. CONCLUSION Low concentration of propofol improved the survival rate of neurons, while high concentration of propofol promoted the cell apoptosis and decreased the cell viability. p38MAPK pathway is involved the effect of high concentration of propofol promoted on primary hippocampal neurons viability and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Xu
- Deparment of Anesthesiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xin-Quan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, 350001, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohua Wu
- Deparment of Anesthesiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xin-Quan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, 350001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Liu
- Deparment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, 278 Baoguang Road, Xindu District, Chengdu, 610500, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangcheng Zhang
- Deparment of Anesthesiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xin-Quan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, 350001, People's Republic of China.
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42
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Bekkers JM. Autaptic Cultures: Methods and Applications. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2020; 12:18. [PMID: 32425765 PMCID: PMC7203343 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2020.00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurons typically form daisy chains of synaptic connections with other neurons, but they can also form synapses with themselves. Although such self-synapses, or autapses, are comparatively rare in vivo, they are surprisingly common in dissociated neuronal cultures. At first glance, autapses in culture seem like a mere curiosity. However, by providing a simple model system in which a single recording electrode gives simultaneous access to the pre- and postsynaptic compartments, autaptic cultures have proven to be invaluable in facilitating important and elegant experiments in the area of synaptic neuroscience. Here, I provide detailed protocols for preparing and recording from autaptic cultures (also called micro-island or microdot cultures). Variations on the basic procedure are presented, as well as practical tips for optimizing the outcomes. I also illustrate the utility of autaptic cultures by reviewing the types of experiments that have used them over the past three decades. These examples serve to highlight the power and elegance of this simple model system, and will hopefully inspire new experiments for the interrogation of synaptic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Bekkers
- Eccles Institute of Neuroscience, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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43
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Pineda-Ramírez N, Calzada F, Alquisiras-Burgos I, Medina-Campos ON, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Ortiz-Plata A, Pinzón Estrada E, Torres I, Aguilera P. Antioxidant Properties and Protective Effects of Some Species of the Annonaceae, Lamiaceae, and Geraniaceae Families against Neuronal Damage Induced by Excitotoxicity and Cerebral Ischemia. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E253. [PMID: 32244955 PMCID: PMC7139819 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9030253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the antioxidant activities of extracts obtained from three plant families and evaluate their therapeutic effect on strokes. Ethanol extracts were obtained from either the leaf or the aerial parts of plants of the families Annonaceae (Annona cherimola, A. diversifolia, A. muricata, A. purpurea, and A. reticulata), Lamiaceae (Salvia amaríssima and S. polystachya), and Geraniaceae (Geranium niveum and G. mexicanum). Extracts were analyzed in terms of hydroxyl radical (OH•), peroxyl radical (ROO•), and superoxide anion (O2•-). The efficiency of the extracts to prevent neuronal death induced by excitotoxicity was tested with the tetrazolium assay, the O2•- scavenging capacity was evaluated with the dihydroethidium dye, and the protective effect of the extracts with the highest antioxidant activity was tested on a stroke experimental model. The extracts' IC50 values (μg/mL) of scavenging varied from 98.9 to 155.04, 4.5 to 102.4, and 20.2 to 118.97 for OH•, ROO•, and O2•-, respectively. In the excitotoxicity model, Annonaceae extracts were highly cytotoxic while Lamiaceae and Geraniaceae reduced intracellular O2•- production and protect neurons against oxidative stress. Salvia polystachya reduced cerebral damage, as well as improved survival and behavior after ischemia. Our results encouraged the use of plant extracts as natural antioxidants to minimize neuronal injury following stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayana Pineda-Ramírez
- Laboratorio de Patología Vascular Cerebral, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, México CDMX 14269, Mexico; (N.P.-R.); (I.A.-B.)
| | - Fernando Calzada
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Farmacología, Hospital de Especialidades, 2 piso CORSE, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, México CDMX 06725, Mexico;
| | - Iván Alquisiras-Burgos
- Laboratorio de Patología Vascular Cerebral, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, México CDMX 14269, Mexico; (N.P.-R.); (I.A.-B.)
| | - Omar Noel Medina-Campos
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México CDMX 04510, Mexico; (O.N.M.-C.); (J.P.-C.)
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México CDMX 04510, Mexico; (O.N.M.-C.); (J.P.-C.)
| | - Alma Ortiz-Plata
- Laboratorio de Neuropatología Experimental. Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, México CDMX 14269, Mexico;
| | - Enrique Pinzón Estrada
- Unidad del Bioterio, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México CDMX 04510, Mexico; (E.P.E.); (I.T.)
| | - Ismael Torres
- Unidad del Bioterio, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México CDMX 04510, Mexico; (E.P.E.); (I.T.)
| | - Penélope Aguilera
- Laboratorio de Patología Vascular Cerebral, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, México CDMX 14269, Mexico; (N.P.-R.); (I.A.-B.)
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Jiang H, Esparza TJ, Kummer TT, Zhong H, Rettig J, Brody DL. Live Neuron High-Content Screening Reveals Synaptotoxic Activity in Alzheimer Mouse Model Homogenates. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3412. [PMID: 32098978 PMCID: PMC7042280 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60118-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate quantification of synaptic changes is essential for understanding the molecular mechanisms of synaptogenesis, synaptic plasticity, and synaptic toxicity. Here we demonstrate a robust high-content imaging method for the assessment of synaptic changes and apply the method to brain homogenates from an Alzheimer's disease mouse model. Our method uses serial imaging of endogenous fluorescent labeled presynaptic VAMP2 and postsynaptic PSD95 in long-term cultured live primary neurons in 96 well microplates, and uses automatic image analysis to quantify the number of colocalized mature synaptic puncta for the assessment of synaptic changes in live neurons. As a control, we demonstrated that our synaptic puncta assay is at least 10-fold more sensitive to the toxic effects of glutamate than the MTT assay. Using our assay, we have compared synaptotoxic activities in size-exclusion chromatography fractioned protein samples from 3xTg-AD mouse model brain homogenates. Multiple synaptotoxic activities were found in high and low molecular weight fractions. Amyloid-beta immunodepletion alleviated some but not all of the synaptotoxic activities. Although the biochemical entities responsible for the synaptotoxic activities have yet to be determined, these proof-of-concept results demonstrate that this novel assay may have many potential mechanistic and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Box 8111, St Louis, Missouri, 63110, USA
| | - Thomas J Esparza
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Box 8111, St Louis, Missouri, 63110, USA
- Henry M Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, 20817, USA
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
| | - Terrance T Kummer
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Box 8111, St Louis, Missouri, 63110, USA
| | - Haining Zhong
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, Oregon, 97239, USA
| | - Jens Rettig
- Department of Physiology, Saarland University, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), Building 48, Homburg, 66421, Germany
| | - David L Brody
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Box 8111, St Louis, Missouri, 63110, USA.
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, 20814, USA.
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Korgaonkar AA, Li Y, Sekhar D, Subramanian D, Guevarra J, Swietek B, Pallottie A, Singh S, Kella K, Elkabes S, Santhakumar V. Toll-like Receptor 4 Signaling in Neurons Enhances Calcium-Permeable α-Amino-3-Hydroxy-5-Methyl-4-Isoxazolepropionic Acid Receptor Currents and Drives Post-Traumatic Epileptogenesis. Ann Neurol 2020; 87:497-515. [PMID: 32031699 DOI: 10.1002/ana.25698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Traumatic brain injury is a major risk factor for acquired epilepsies, and understanding the mechanisms underlying the early pathophysiology could yield viable therapeutic targets. Growing evidence indicates a role for inflammatory signaling in modifying neuronal excitability and promoting epileptogenesis. Here we examined the effect of innate immune receptor Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on excitability of the hippocampal dentate gyrus and epileptogenesis after brain injury. METHODS Slice and in vivo electrophysiology and Western blots were conducted in rats subject to fluid percussion brain injury or sham injury. RESULTS The studies identify that TLR4 signaling in neurons augments dentate granule cell calcium-permeable α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor (CP-AMPAR) currents after brain injury. Blocking TLR4 signaling in vivo shortly after brain injury reduced dentate network excitability and seizure susceptibility. When blocking of TLR4 signaling after injury was delayed, however, this treatment failed to reduce postinjury seizure susceptibility. Furthermore, TLR4 signal blocking was less efficacious in limiting seizure susceptibility when AMPAR currents, downstream targets of TLR4 signaling, were transiently enhanced. Paradoxically, blocking TLR4 signaling augmented both network excitability and seizure susceptibility in uninjured controls. Despite the differential effect on seizure susceptibility, TLR4 antagonism suppressed cellular inflammatory responses after injury without impacting sham controls. INTERPRETATION These findings demonstrate that independently of glia, the immune receptor TLR4 directly regulates post-traumatic neuronal excitability. Moreover, the TLR4-dependent early increase in dentate excitability is causally associated with epileptogenesis. Identification and selective targeting of the mechanisms underlying the aberrant TLR4-mediated increase in CP-AMPAR signaling after injury may prevent epileptogenesis after brain trauma. ANN NEUROL 2020;87:497-515.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshata A Korgaonkar
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ
| | - Dipika Sekhar
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ.,Department of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA
| | - Deepak Subramanian
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ.,Department of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA
| | - Jenieve Guevarra
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ
| | - Bogumila Swietek
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ
| | - Alexandra Pallottie
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ
| | - Sukwinder Singh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ
| | - Kruthi Kella
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ
| | - Stella Elkabes
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ
| | - Vijayalakshmi Santhakumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ.,Department of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA
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46
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Meyer P, Grandgirard D, Lehner M, Haenggi M, Leib SL. Grafted Neural Progenitor Cells Persist in the Injured Site and Differentiate Neuronally in a Rodent Model of Cardiac Arrest-Induced Global Brain Ischemia. Stem Cells Dev 2020; 29:574-585. [PMID: 31964231 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2019.0190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury is the leading cause of disability and death after successful resuscitation from cardiac arrest, and, to date, no specific treatment option is available to prevent subsequent neurofunctional impairments. The hippocampal cornu ammonis segment 1 (CA1) is one of the brain areas most affected by hypoxia, and its degeneration is correlated with memory deficits in patients and corresponding animal models. The aim of this work was to evaluate the feasibility of neural progenitor cell (NPC) transplantation into the hippocampus in a refined rodent cardiac arrest model. Adult rats were subjected to 12 min of potassium-induced cardiac arrest and followed up to 6 weeks. Histological analysis showed extensive neuronal cell death specifically in the hippocampal CA1 segment, without any spontaneous regeneration. Neurofunctional assessment revealed transient memory deficits in ischemic animals compared to controls, detectable after 4 weeks, but not after 6 weeks. Using stereotactic surgery, embryonic NPCs were transplanted in a subset of animals 1 week after cardiac arrest and their survival, migration, and differentiation were assessed histologically. Transplanted cells showed a higher persistence in the CA1 segment of animals after ischemia. Glia in the damaged CA1 segment expressed the chemotactic factor stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1), while transplanted NPCs expressed its receptor CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4), suggesting that the SDF-1/CXCR4 pathway, known to be involved in the migration of neural stem cells toward injured brain regions, directs the observed retention of cells in the damaged area. Using immunostaining, we could demonstrate that transplanted cells differentiated into mature neurons. In conclusion, our data document the survival, persistence in the injured area, and neuronal differentiation of transplanted NPCs, and thus their potential to support brain regeneration after hypoxic-ischemic injury. This may represent an option worth further investigation to improve the outcome of patients after cardiac arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Meyer
- Neuroinfection Laboratory, Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Cluster for Regenerative Neuroscience, DBMR, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Denis Grandgirard
- Neuroinfection Laboratory, Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Cluster for Regenerative Neuroscience, DBMR, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marika Lehner
- Neuroinfection Laboratory, Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Cluster for Regenerative Neuroscience, DBMR, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Haenggi
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stephen L Leib
- Neuroinfection Laboratory, Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Cluster for Regenerative Neuroscience, DBMR, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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47
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Garland P, Morton MJ, Haskins W, Zolnourian A, Durnford A, Gaastra B, Toombs J, Heslegrave AJ, More J, Okemefuna AI, Teeling JL, Graversen JH, Zetterberg H, Moestrup SK, Bulters DO, Galea I. Haemoglobin causes neuronal damage in vivo which is preventable by haptoglobin. Brain Commun 2020; 2:fcz053. [PMID: 32346673 PMCID: PMC7188517 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcz053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
After subarachnoid haemorrhage, prolonged exposure to toxic extracellular haemoglobin occurs in the brain. Here, we investigate the role of haemoglobin neurotoxicity in vivo and its prevention. In humans after subarachnoid haemorrhage, haemoglobin in cerebrospinal fluid was associated with neurofilament light chain, a marker of neuronal damage. Most haemoglobin was not complexed with haptoglobin, an endogenous haemoglobin scavenger present at very low concentration in the brain. Exogenously added haptoglobin bound most uncomplexed haemoglobin, in the first 2 weeks after human subarachnoid haemorrhage, indicating a wide therapeutic window. In mice, the behavioural, vascular, cellular and molecular changes seen after human subarachnoid haemorrhage were recapitulated by modelling a single aspect of subarachnoid haemorrhage: prolonged intrathecal exposure to haemoglobin. Haemoglobin-induced behavioural deficits and astrocytic, microglial and synaptic changes were attenuated by haptoglobin. Haptoglobin treatment did not attenuate large-vessel vasospasm, yet improved clinical outcome by restricting diffusion of haemoglobin into the parenchyma and reducing small-vessel vasospasm. In summary, haemoglobin toxicity is of clinical importance and preventable by haptoglobin, independent of large-vessel vasospasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Garland
- Clinical Neurosciences, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Matthew J Morton
- Clinical Neurosciences, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - William Haskins
- Clinical Neurosciences, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Ardalan Zolnourian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wessex Neurological Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Andrew Durnford
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wessex Neurological Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Ben Gaastra
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wessex Neurological Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Jamie Toombs
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.,Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Amanda J Heslegrave
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.,Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - John More
- Research & Development Department, Bio Products Laboratory Limited, Elstree, Hertfordshire, WD6 3BX, UK
| | - Azubuike I Okemefuna
- Research & Development Department, Bio Products Laboratory Limited, Elstree, Hertfordshire, WD6 3BX, UK
| | - Jessica L Teeling
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Jonas H Graversen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.,Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.,Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mo¨ lndal, S-431 80, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mo¨ lndal, S-431 80, Sweden
| | - Soren K Moestrup
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense C, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Diederik O Bulters
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wessex Neurological Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Ian Galea
- Clinical Neurosciences, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK.,Department of Neurosurgery, Wessex Neurological Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
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48
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Tran C, Heng B, Teo JD, Humphrey SJ, Qi Y, Couttas TA, Stefen H, Brettle M, Fath T, Guillemin GJ, Don AS. Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes. J Neurochem 2019; 153:173-188. [PMID: 31742704 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is an essential lipid metabolite that signals through a family of five G protein-coupled receptors, S1PR1-S1PR5, to regulate cell physiology. The multiple sclerosis drug Fingolimod (FTY720) is a potent S1P receptor agonist that causes peripheral lymphopenia. Recent research has demonstrated direct neuroprotective properties of FTY720 in several neurodegenerative paradigms; however, neuroprotective properties of the native ligand S1P have not been established. We aimed to establish the significance of neurotrophic factor up-regulation by S1P for neuroprotection, comparing S1P with FTY720. S1P induced brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), platelet-derived growth factor B (PDGFB), and heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HBEGF) gene expression in primary human and murine astrocytes, but not in neurons, and to a much greater extent than FTY720. Accordingly, S1P but not FTY720 protected cultured neurons against excitotoxic cell death in a primary murine neuron-glia coculture model, and a neutralizing antibody to LIF blocked this S1P-mediated neuroprotection. Antagonists of S1PR1 and S1PR2 both inhibited S1P-mediated neurotrophic gene induction in human astrocytes, indicating that simultaneous activation of both receptors is required. S1PR2 signaling was transduced through Gα13 and the small GTPase Rho, and was necessary for the up-regulation and activation of the transcription factors FOS and JUN, which regulate LIF, BDNF, and HBEGF transcription. In summary, we show that S1P protects hippocampal neurons against excitotoxic cell death through up-regulation of neurotrophic gene expression, particularly LIF, in astrocytes. This up-regulation requires both S1PR1 and S1PR2 signaling. FTY720 does not activate S1PR2, explaining its relative inefficacy compared to S1P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Collin Tran
- School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.,Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Benjamin Heng
- MND Research Centre, Neuroinflammation group, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jonathan D Teo
- Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Sean J Humphrey
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Yanfei Qi
- Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Timothy A Couttas
- Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Holly Stefen
- Dementia Research Centre and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Merryn Brettle
- School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Thomas Fath
- School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.,Dementia Research Centre and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Gilles J Guillemin
- MND Research Centre, Neuroinflammation group, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anthony S Don
- Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.,NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
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49
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Martinez M, Torres VI, Vio CP, Inestrosa NC. Canonical Wnt Signaling Modulates the Expression of Pre- and Postsynaptic Components in Different Temporal Patterns. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 57:1389-1404. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01785-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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50
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Teoh J, Subramanian N, Pero ME, Bartolini F, Amador A, Kanber A, Williams D, Petri S, Yang M, Allen AS, Beal J, Haut SR, Frankel WN. Arfgef1 haploinsufficiency in mice alters neuronal endosome composition and decreases membrane surface postsynaptic GABA A receptors. Neurobiol Dis 2019; 134:104632. [PMID: 31678406 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2019.104632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
ARFGEF1 encodes a guanine exchange factor involved in intracellular vesicle trafficking, and is a candidate gene for childhood genetic epilepsies. To model ARFGEF1 haploinsufficiency observed in a recent Lennox Gastaut Syndrome patient, we studied a frameshift mutation (Arfgef1fs) in mice. Arfgef1fs/+ pups exhibit signs of developmental delay, and Arfgef1fs/+ adults have a significantly decreased threshold to induced seizures but do not experience spontaneous seizures. Histologically, the Arfgef1fs/+ brain exhibits a disruption in the apical lining of the dentate gyrus and altered spine morphology of deep layer neurons. In primary hippocampal neuron culture, dendritic surface and synaptic but not total GABAA receptors (GABAAR) are reduced in Arfgef1fs/+ neurons with an accompanying decrease in the number of GABAAR-containing recycling endosomes in cell body. Arfgef1fs/+ neurons also display differences in the relative ratio of Arf6+:Rab11+:TrfR+ recycling endosomes. Although the GABAAR-containing early endosomes in Arfgef1fs/+ neurons are comparable to wildtype, Arfgef1fs/+ neurons show an increase in the number of GABAAR-containing lysosomes in dendrite and cell body. Together, the altered endosome composition and decreased neuronal surface GABAAR results suggests a mechanism whereby impaired neuronal inhibition leads to seizure susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- JiaJie Teoh
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States of America.
| | - Narayan Subramanian
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Maria Elena Pero
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States of America; Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Bartolini
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Ariadna Amador
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Ayla Kanber
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Damian Williams
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Sabrina Petri
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Mu Yang
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Andrew S Allen
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Jules Beal
- The Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Sheryl R Haut
- The Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Wayne N Frankel
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States of America; Department of Genetic and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States of America
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