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Zhang X, Chen Z, Xiong Y, Zhou Q, Zhu LQ, Liu D. The emerging role of nitric oxide in the synaptic dysfunction of vascular dementia. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:402-415. [PMID: 38819044 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
With an increase in global aging, the number of people affected by cerebrovascular diseases is also increasing, and the incidence of vascular dementia-closely related to cerebrovascular risk-is increasing at an epidemic rate. However, few therapeutic options exist that can markedly improve the cognitive impairment and prognosis of vascular dementia patients. Similarly in Alzheimer's disease and other neurological disorders, synaptic dysfunction is recognized as the main reason for cognitive decline. Nitric oxide is one of the ubiquitous gaseous cellular messengers involved in multiple physiological and pathological processes of the central nervous system. Recently, nitric oxide has been implicated in regulating synaptic plasticity and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of vascular dementia. This review introduces in detail the emerging role of nitric oxide in physiological and pathological states of vascular dementia and summarizes the diverse effects of nitric oxide on different aspects of synaptic dysfunction, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and blood-brain barrier dysfunction that underlie the progress of vascular dementia. Additionally, we propose that targeting the nitric oxide-sGC-cGMP pathway using certain specific approaches may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for vascular dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Center for Cognitive Science and Transdisciplinary Studies, Jiujiang University, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zhiying Chen
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yinyi Xiong
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Ling-Qiang Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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Grayton QE, Phan TT, Kussatz CC, Schoenfisch MH. Hyaluronic Acid-Coated Silica Nanoparticles for Targeted Delivery of Nitric Oxide to Cancer Cells. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:3796-3809. [PMID: 38776418 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Drug resistance and off-target toxicity are two of the greatest challenges to chemotherapeutic melanoma treatments. Nitric oxide (NO) represents an attractive alternative to conventional therapeutics due to its numerous anticancer properties and low probability of engendering resistance. As NO is highly reactive, macromolecular NO donors are needed for the controlled and targeted delivery of NO for therapeutic applications. Herein, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) coated with hyaluronic acid (HA) were developed as a NO delivery system to facilitate controlled delivery to cancer cells through both passive and active targeting via the enhanced permeation and retention effect and directed binding of HA with CD44 receptors, respectively. The aminosilane modification, HA concentration, and HA molecular weight were systematically evaluated to facilitate the MSN coating and NO loading. The hydrodynamic diameter and dispersity of the nanoparticles increased after HA coating due to the hydrophilic nature of HA, with greater increases observed at higher HA molecular weight. Lower starting concentrations of HA and aminosilanes with longer alkyl chains favored more efficient HA coating. Faster NO-release kinetics and lower NO payloads were observed for the HA-coated MSNs relative to uncoated MSNs. However, the localized delivery of NO to cancer cells through the active targeting conferred by HA increased levels of oxidative stress and induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in melanoma cells. Cytotoxicity was also evaluated against human dermal fibroblasts, with the use of 6 kDa HA-coated MSNs resulting in the greatest therapeutic indices. Enhanced internalization of HA-coated nanoparticles into melanoma cells versus uncoated nanoparticles was visualized with confocal microscopy and quantified by fluorescence spectroscopy. In total, HA-coated MSNs represent a promising NO delivery system for potential use as a chemotherapeutic for skin melanomas.
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Viana R, Joaquim L, Lippert FW, Andrade NM, Fleith NC, Damasio C, Tiscoski A, Dos Santos D, Machado RS, Danielski LG, Mathias K, Stork S, Bernardes G, Strickert Y, Perin CH, Dietzi W, Bonfante S, Bitencourt P, Felacio L, Fortunato JJ, Petronilho F. Sepsis after middle cerebral artery occlusion exacerbates peripheral oxidative stress in a sex-specific manner. Microvasc Res 2024:104711. [PMID: 38880383 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2024.104711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke occurs due a blockage in the blood flow to the brain, leading to damage to the nervous system. The prevalent morbidities resulting from stroke include post-stroke infection, as sepsis. Additionally, oxidative stress is recognized for inducing functional deficits in peripheral organs during sepsis. Therefore, sex differences in stroke exist and we aimed to investigate the peripheral oxidative stress caused by sepsis after stroke in male and female rats. Wistar rats (male and female) were divided into sham+sham, middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) + sham, sham+ cecal ligation and perforation (CLP) and MCAO+CLP groups to males and female rats. Animals were subjected to MCAO or sham and after 7 days, were subjected to sepsis by CLP or sham. After 24 h, serum, total brain, lung, liver, heart, and spleen were collected. Brain edema, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, nitrite/nitrate (N/N) concentration, oxidative damage to lipids and proteins, and catalase activity were evaluated. Brain edema was observed only in male rats in MCAO+CLP group compared to MCAO+sham. Regarding MPO activity, an increase was verified in male in different organs and serum in MCAO+CLP group. For N/N levels, the increase was more pronounced in females submitted to MCAO+CLP. In general, to oxidative stress, an increase was only observed in animals exposed to MCAO+CLP, or with a greater increase in this group compared to the others. The findings provided the first indication that animals exposed to MCAO exhibit a heightened vulnerability to the harmful impacts of sepsis, as evidenced by brain edema and peripheral oxidative stress, and this susceptibility is dependent of sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Viana
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Larissa Joaquim
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Weinheimer Lippert
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Naila Maciel Andrade
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Carvalho Fleith
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Carla Damasio
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Anita Tiscoski
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - David Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Richard Simon Machado
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Lucineia Gainski Danielski
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Translational Psychiatry Program, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Khiany Mathias
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Solange Stork
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Bernardes
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Yasmin Strickert
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique Perin
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Wendel Dietzi
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Sandra Bonfante
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Pedro Bitencourt
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Lucas Felacio
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Jucelia Jeremias Fortunato
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Fabricia Petronilho
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
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Laxmi, Golmei P, Srivastava S, Kumar S. Single nucleotide polymorphism-based biomarker in primary hypertension. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 972:176584. [PMID: 38621507 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Primary hypertension is a multiplex and multifactorial disease influenced by various strong components including genetics. Extensive research such as Genome-wide association studies and candidate gene studies have revealed various single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to hypertension, providing insights into the genetic basis of the condition. This review summarizes the current status of SNP research in primary hypertension, including examples of hypertension-related SNPs, their location, function, and frequency in different populations. The potential clinical implications of SNP research for primary hypertension management are also discussed, including disease risk prediction, personalized medicine, mechanistic understanding, and lifestyle modifications. Furthermore, this review highlights emerging technologies and methodologies that have the potential to revolutionize the vast understanding of the basis of genetics in primary hypertension. Gene editing holds the potential to target and correct any kind of genetic mutations that contribute to the development of hypertension or modify genes involved in blood pressure regulation to prevent or treat the condition. Advances in computational biology and machine learning enable researchers to analyze large datasets and identify complex genetic interactions contributing to hypertension risk. In conclusion, SNP research in primary hypertension is rapidly evolving with emerging technologies and methodologies that have the potential to transform the knowledge about genetic basis related to the condition. These advances hold promise for personalized prevention and treatment strategies tailored to an individual's genetic profile ultimately improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laxmi
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Pushp Vihar, M B Road, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Pougang Golmei
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Pushp Vihar, M B Road, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Shriyansh Srivastava
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Pushp Vihar, M B Road, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Sachin Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Pushp Vihar, M B Road, New Delhi, 110017, India.
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Duan T, Wu ZX, Wang D, Du CW, Li XG, Shen Q. Effect of B. subtilis in simulated acid red soil on the corrosion behavior of X80 pipeline steel. Bioelectrochemistry 2024; 157:108640. [PMID: 38244430 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2024.108640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
The eastern section of China's West-east gas transmission project is laid in acidic red soil. NRB are widespread in soils and play an important role in metal corrosion. In this article, the corrosion failure behavior and mechanism of X80 pipeline steel under the action of NRB in simulated acidic soil were studied. It was found that the biofilm of B. subtilis had significant inhibitory on the overall corrosion of X80 steel. Electrochemical results prove that the corrosion rate of the sterile group after 14 days of immersion was about 4.5 times that of the bacterial group. However, the biofilm promotes the formation of local corrosion pits. Confocal laser scanning microscopy images indicate that that the corrosion pit depth of the bacterial group (46.1 μm) was three times that of the bacterial-free group (15.7 μm) after 14 days. The pH of the acidic environment was slightly improved by B. subtilis. XPS results proved that B. subtilis complicates the corrosion products of X80 steel through its nitrate reduction ability and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Duan
- Corrosion and Protection Center, Key Laboratory for Corrosion and Protection (MOE), University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhang-Xiang Wu
- Corrosion and Protection Center, Key Laboratory for Corrosion and Protection (MOE), University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Corrosion and Protection Center, Key Laboratory for Corrosion and Protection (MOE), University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Cui-Wei Du
- Corrosion and Protection Center, Key Laboratory for Corrosion and Protection (MOE), University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Xiao-Gang Li
- Corrosion and Protection Center, Key Laboratory for Corrosion and Protection (MOE), University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qing Shen
- Beijing Zhonghang Oil Engineering Construction Co., Ltd, China
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6
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Liu Y, Hao Y, Chen J, Chen M, Tian J, Lv X, Zhang Y, Ma X, Zhou Y, Feng L. An Injectable Puerarin Depot Can Potentiate Chimeric Antigen Receptor Natural Killer Cell Immunotherapy Against Targeted Solid Tumors by Reversing Tumor Immunosuppression. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307521. [PMID: 38212279 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor natural killer (CAR-NK) cell therapy represents a potent approach to suppressing tumor growth because it has simultaneously inherited the specificity of CAR and the intrinsic generality of NK cells in recognizing cancer cells. However, its therapeutic potency against solid tumors is still restricted by insufficient tumor infiltration, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments, and many other biological barriers. Motivated by the high potency of puerarin, a traditional Chinese medicine extract, in dilating tumor blood vessels, an injectable puerarin depot based on a hydrogen peroxide-responsive hydrogel comprising poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate and ferrous chloride is concisely developed. Upon intratumoral fixation, the as-prepared puerarin depot (abbreviated as puerarin@PEGel) can activate nitrogen oxide production inside endothelial cells and thus dilate tumor blood vessels to relieve tumor hypoxia and reverse tumor immunosuppression. Such treatment can thus promote tumor infiltration, survival, and effector functions of customized epidermal growth factor receptor (HER1)-targeted HER1-CAR-NK cells after intravenous administration. Consequently, such puerarin@PEGel-assisted HER1-CAR-NK cell treatment exhibits superior tumor suppression efficacy toward both HER1-overexpressing MDA-MB-468 and NCI-H23 human tumor xenografts in mice without inducing obvious side effects. This study highlights a potent strategy to activate CAR-NK cells for augmented treatment of targeted solid tumors through reprogramming tumor immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Cancer Institute, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yu Hao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jiahui Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Cancer Institute, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Minming Chen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jia Tian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Cancer Institute, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Lv
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Cancer Institute, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yefei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Cancer Institute, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xinxing Ma
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Yehui Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, P. R. China
| | - Liangzhu Feng
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
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Tabish TA, Hussain MZ, Zervou S, Myers WK, Tu W, Xu J, Beer I, Huang WE, Chandrawati R, Crabtree MJ, Winyard PG, Lygate CA. S-nitrosocysteamine-functionalised porous graphene oxide nanosheets as nitric oxide delivery vehicles for cardiovascular applications. Redox Biol 2024; 72:103144. [PMID: 38613920 PMCID: PMC11026843 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a key signalling molecule released by vascular endothelial cells that is essential for vascular health. Low NO bioactivity is associated with cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, and heart failure and NO donors are a mainstay of drug treatment. However, many NO donors are associated with the development of tolerance and adverse effects, so new formulations for controlled and targeted release of NO would be advantageous. Herein, we describe the design and characterisation of a novel NO delivery system via the reaction of acidified sodium nitrite with thiol groups that had been introduced by cysteamine conjugation to porous graphene oxide nanosheets, thereby generating S-nitrosated nanosheets. An NO electrode, ozone-based chemiluminescence and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy were used to measure NO released from various graphene formulations, which was sustained at >5 × 10-10 mol cm-2 min-1 for at least 3 h, compared with healthy endothelium (cf. 0.5-4 × 10-10 mol cm-2 min-1). Single cell Raman micro-spectroscopy showed that vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) took up graphene nanostructures, with intracellular NO release detected via a fluorescent NO-specific probe. Functionalised graphene had a dose-dependent effect to promote proliferation in endothelial cells and to inhibit growth in SMCs, which was associated with cGMP release indicating intracellular activation of canonical NO signalling. Chemiluminescence detected negligible production of toxic N-nitrosamines. Our findings demonstrate the utility of porous graphene oxide as a NO delivery vehicle to release physiologically relevant amounts of NO in vitro, thereby highlighting the potential of these formulations as a strategy for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanveer A Tabish
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, United Kingdom.
| | - Mian Zahid Hussain
- School of Natural Sciences and Catalysis Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, Chair of Inorganic and Metal-Organic Chemistry, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Sevasti Zervou
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, United Kingdom
| | - William K Myers
- Centre for Advanced Electron Spin Resonance (CAESR), Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QR, United Kingdom
| | - Weiming Tu
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PJ, United Kingdom
| | - Jiabao Xu
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PJ, United Kingdom; James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Irina Beer
- Institute of Water Chemistry, Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Water Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Wei E Huang
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PJ, United Kingdom
| | - Rona Chandrawati
- School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN), The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Mark J Crabtree
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, United Kingdom; Department of Biochemical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Paul G Winyard
- University of Exeter Medical School, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX1 2LU, United Kingdom
| | - Craig A Lygate
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, United Kingdom
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8
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Viribay A, Alcantara JMA, López I, Mielgo-Ayuso J, Castañeda-Babarro A. Impact of a short-term nitrate and citrulline co-supplementation on sport performance in elite rowers: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial. Eur J Appl Physiol 2024; 124:1911-1923. [PMID: 38340156 PMCID: PMC11129974 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-024-05415-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Citrulline (CIT) and beetroot extract (BR) have separately shown benefits in rowing performance-related outcomes. However, effects of combined supplementation remain to be elucidated. The main purpose of this research was to study the effects of 1 week of daily co-supplementation of 3.5 g BR (500 mg NO3-) plus 6 g CIT on aerobic performance, maximal strength, and high-intensity power and peak stroke in elite male rowers compared to a placebo and to a BR supplementation. METHODS 20 elite rowers participated in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial completing 1 week of supplementation in each group of study: Placebo group (PLAG); BR group (BRG); and BR + CIT group (BR-CITG). 3 main physical tests were performed: aerobic performance, Wingate test and CMJ jump, and metabolic biomarkers and physiological outcomes were collected. RESULTS The Wingate all-out test showed no between-condition differences in peak power, mean power, relative power, or fatigue index (P > 0.05), but clearance of lactate was better in BR-CITG (P < 0.05). In the performance test, peak power differed only between PLAG and BR-CITG (P = 0.036), while VO2peak and maximum heart rate remained similar. CMJ jumping test results showed no between-condition differences, and blood samples were consistent (P > 0.200). CONCLUSION Supplementation with 3.5 g of BR extract plus 6 g of CIT for 7 days improved lactate clearance after Wingate test and peak power in a performance test. No further improvements were found, suggesting longer period of supplementation might be needed to show greater benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitor Viribay
- Glut4Science, Physiology, Nutrition and Sport, 01004, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of Leon, 24071, Leon, Spain
| | - Juan M A Alcantara
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute for Sustainability and Food Chain Innovation, Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Iker López
- Kirolene, San Ignacio Auzunea Etxetaldea 5, 48200, Durango, Spain
| | - Juan Mielgo-Ayuso
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Burgos, 09001, Burgos, Spain.
| | - Arkaitz Castañeda-Babarro
- Health, Physical Activity, and Sports Science Laboratory, Department of Physical Activity and Sports, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of Deusto, 48007, Bizkaia, Spain
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Nieman DC, Sakaguchi CA, Williams JC, Mulani FA, Shivprasad Suresh P, Omar AM, Zhang Q. Beet supplementation mitigates post-exercise inflammation. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1408804. [PMID: 38873567 PMCID: PMC11169660 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1408804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study investigated the efficacy of a mixed beet-based supplement (BEET) versus placebo (PL) in countering inflammation during recovery from 2.25 h of intensive cycling in 20 male and female cyclists. A multi-omics approach was used that included untargeted proteomics and a targeted oxylipin panel. Methods A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover design was used with two 2-week supplementation periods and a 2-week washout period. Supplementation periods were followed by a 2.25 h cycling bout at close to 70%VO2max. The BEET supplement provided 212 mg of nitrates per day, 200 mg caffeine from green tea extract, 44 mg vitamin C from Camu Camu berry, B-vitamins from quinoa sprouts (40% Daily Value for thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and vitamin B6), and 2.5 g of a mushroom blend containing Cordyceps sinensis and Inonotus obliquus. Six blood samples were collected before and after supplementation (overnight fasted state), immediately post-exercise, and at 1.5 h-, 3 h-, and 24 h-post-exercise. Results The 2.25 h cycling bout increased plasma levels of 41 of 67 oxylipins detected. BEET supplementation significantly increased plasma nitrate (NO3 -) and nitrite (NO2 -) (sum, NO3 - + NO2 -) concentrations (interaction effect, p < 0.001) and two anti-inflammatory oxylipins [18-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (18-HEPE) and 4-hydroxy-docosahexanoic acid (4-HDoHE)]. The untargeted proteomics analysis identified 616 proteins (458 across all times points), and 2-way ANOVA revealed a cluster of 45 proteins that were decreased and a cluster of 21 that were increased in the BEET versus PL trials. Functional enrichment supported significant BEET-related reductions in inflammation-related proteins including several proteins related to complement activation, the acute phase response, and immune cell adhesion, migration, and differentiation. Discussion Intake of a BEET-based supplement during a 2-week period was linked to higher plasma levels of NO3 - + NO2 -, elevated post-exercise levels of two anti-inflammatory oxylipins, and a significant decrease in a cluster of proteins involved in complement activation and inflammation. These data support that 2-weeks intake of nitrate from a mixed beet-based supplement moderated protein biomarkers of exercise-induced inflammation in athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C. Nieman
- Human Performance Laboratory, Appalachian State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Camila A. Sakaguchi
- Human Performance Laboratory, Appalachian State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - James C. Williams
- Human Performance Laboratory, Appalachian State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Fayaj A. Mulani
- UNCG Center for Translational Biomedical Research, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Patil Shivprasad Suresh
- UNCG Center for Translational Biomedical Research, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Ashraf M. Omar
- UNCG Center for Translational Biomedical Research, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Qibin Zhang
- UNCG Center for Translational Biomedical Research, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, United States
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10
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Daidone M, Casuccio A, Puleo MG, Del Cuore A, Pacinella G, Di Chiara T, Di Raimondo D, Immordino P, Tuttolomondo A. Mediterranean diet effects on vascular health and serum levels of adipokines and ceramides. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300844. [PMID: 38809909 PMCID: PMC11135776 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A randomized clinical trial to evaluate the effect of a Mediterranean-style diet on vascular health indices such as endothelial function indices, serum lipid and ceramide plasma and some adipokine serum levels. We recruited all consecutive patients at high risk of cardiovascular diseases admitted to the Internal Medicine and Stroke Care ward at the University Hospital of Palermo between September 2017 and December 2020. MATERIALS AND METHODS The enrolled subjects, after the evaluation of the degree of adherence to a dietary regimen of the Mediterranean-style diet, were randomised to a Mediterranean Diet (group A) assessing the adherence to a Mediterranean-style diet at each follow up visit (every three months) for the entire duration of the study (twelve months) and to a Low-fat diet (group B) with a dietary "counselling" starting every three months for the entire duration of the study (twelve months).The aims of the study were to evaluate: the effects of adherence to Mediterranean Diet on some surrogate markers of vascular damage, such as endothelial function measured by means of the reactive hyperaemia index (RHI) and augmentation index (AIX), at the 6-(T1) and 12-month (T2) follow-ups; the effects of adherence to Mediterranean Diet on the lipidaemic profile and on serum levels of ceramides at T1 and T2 follow-ups; the effects of adherence to Mediterranean Diet on serum levels of visfatin, adiponectin and resistin at the 6- and 12-month follow-ups. RESULTS A total of 101 patients were randomised to a Mediterranean Diet style and 52 control subjects were randomised to a low-fat diet with a dietary "counselling". At the six-month follow-up (T1), subjects in the Mediterranean Diet group showed significantly lower mean serum total cholesterol levels, and significantly higher increase in reactive hyperaemia index (RHI) values compared to the low-fat diet group. Patients in the Mediterranean Diet group also showed lower serum levels of resistin and visfatin at the six-month follow-up compared to the control group, as well as higher values of adiponectin, lower values of C24:0, higher values of C22:0 and higher values of the C24:0/C16:0 ratio. At the twelve-month follow-up (T2), subjects in the Mediterranean Diet group showed lower serum total cholesterol levels and lower serum LDL cholesterol levels than those in the control group. At the twelve-month follow-up, we also observed a further significant increase in the mean RHI in the Mediterranean Diet group, lower serum levels of resistin and visfatin, lower values of C24:0 and of C:18:0,and higher values of the C24:0/C16:0 ratio. DISCUSSION The findings of our current study offer a further possible explanation with regard to the beneficial effects of a higher degree of adherence to a Mediterranean-style diet on multiple cardiovascular risk factors and the underlying mechanisms of atherosclerosis. Moreover, these findings provide an additional plausible interpretation of the results from observational and cohort studies linking high adherence to a Mediterranean-style diet with lower total mortality and a decrease in cardiovascular events and cardiovascular mortality. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04873167. https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04873167.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Daidone
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza “G. D’Alessandro”, Palermo, Italy
- U.O. C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandra Casuccio
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza “G. D’Alessandro”, Palermo, Italy
- U.O. C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Puleo
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza “G. D’Alessandro”, Palermo, Italy
- U.O. C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Del Cuore
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza “G. D’Alessandro”, Palermo, Italy
- U.O. C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gaetano Pacinella
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza “G. D’Alessandro”, Palermo, Italy
- U.O. C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Palermo, Italy
| | - Tiziana Di Chiara
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza “G. D’Alessandro”, Palermo, Italy
- U.O. C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Palermo, Italy
| | - Domenico Di Raimondo
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza “G. D’Alessandro”, Palermo, Italy
- U.O. C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Palermo, Italy
| | - Palmira Immordino
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza “G. D’Alessandro”, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonino Tuttolomondo
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza “G. D’Alessandro”, Palermo, Italy
- U.O. C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Palermo, Italy
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11
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Esen O, Bailey SJ, Stashuk DW, Howatson G, Goodall S. Influence of nitrate supplementation on motor unit activity during recovery following a sustained ischemic contraction in recreationally active young males. Eur J Nutr 2024:10.1007/s00394-024-03440-9. [PMID: 38809323 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03440-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Dietary nitrate (NO3-) supplementation enhances muscle blood flow and metabolic efficiency in hypoxia, however, its efficacy on neuromuscular function and specifically, the effect on motor unit (MU) activity is less clear. We investigated whether NO3- supplementation affected MU activity following a 3 min sustained ischemic contraction and whether this is influenced by blood flow restriction (BFR) during the recovery period. METHOD In a randomized, double-blinded, cross-over design, 14 males (mean ± SD, 25 ± 6 years) completed two trials following 5 days of supplementation with NO3--rich (NIT) or NO3--depleted (PLA) beetroot juice to modify plasma nitrite (NO2-) concentration (482 ± 92 vs. 198 ± 48 nmol·L-1, p < 0.001). Intramuscular electromyography was used to assess MU potential (MUP) size (duration and area) and mean firing rates (MUFR) during a 3 min submaximal (25% MVC) isometric contraction with BFR. These variables were also assessed during a 90 s recovery period with the first half completed with, and the second half completed without, BFR. RESULTS The change in MUP area and MUFR, did not differ between conditions (all p > 0.05), but NIT elicited a reduction in MUP recovery time during brief isometric contractions (p < 0.001), and during recoveries with (p = 0.002) and without (p = 0.012) BFR. CONCLUSION These novel observations improve understanding of the effects of NO3- on the recovery of neuromuscular function post-exercise and might have implications for recovery of muscle contractile function. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was registered on clinicaltrials.gov with ID of NCT05993715 on August 08, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozcan Esen
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK.
- Department of Health Professions, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK.
| | - Stephen J Bailey
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Daniel W Stashuk
- Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Glyn Howatson
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK
- Water Research Group, North West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Stuart Goodall
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK
- Physical Activity, Sport and Recreation Research Focus Area, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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12
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Oue A, Iimura Y, Miyakoshi Y, Ota M. Effect of Acute Dietary Nitrate Supplementation on the Changes in Calf Venous Volume during Postural Change and Skeletal Muscle Pump Activity in Healthy Young Adults. Nutrients 2024; 16:1621. [PMID: 38892555 PMCID: PMC11174609 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary nitrate (NO3-) supplementation is known to enhance nitric oxide (NO) activity and acts as a vasodilator. In this randomized crossover study, we investigated the effect of inorganic NO3- supplementation on the changes in calf venous volume during postural change and subsequent skeletal muscle pump activity. Fifteen healthy young adults were assigned to receive beetroot juice (BRJ) or a NO3--depleted control beverage (prune juice: CON). Two hours after beverage consumption, the changes in the right calf volume during postural change from supine to upright and a subsequent right tiptoe maneuver were measured using venous occlusion plethysmography. The increase in calf volume from the supine to upright position (total venous volume [VV]) and the decrease in calf volume during the right tiptoe maneuver (venous ejection volume [Ve]) were calculated. Plasma NO3- concentration was higher in the BRJ group than in the CON group 2 h after beverage intake (p < 0.05). However, VV and Ve did not differ between CON and BRJ. These results suggest that acute intake of BRJ may enhance NO activity via the NO3- → nitrite → NO pathway but does not change calf venous pooling due to a postural change or the calf venous return due to skeletal muscle pump activity in healthy young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Oue
- Faculty of Health and Sports Sciences, Toyo University, 1-7-11, Akabanedai, Kita-ku, Tokyo 115-8650, Japan; (Y.I.); (Y.M.); (M.O.)
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13
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Hayes E, Dent E, Shannon OM, Zhong LZ, Bozanich T, Blekkenhorst LC, Zhu K, Bondonno CP, Siervo M, Hoogendijk EO, Hodgson JM, Prince RL, Lewis JR, Sim M. Higher plant-derived nitrate intake is associated with lower odds of frailty in a cross-sectional study of community-dwelling older women. Eur J Nutr 2024:10.1007/s00394-024-03412-z. [PMID: 38761280 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03412-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Dietary nitrate intake is inversely related to numerous contributors towards frailty, including cardiovascular disease and poor physical function. Whether these findings extend to frailty remain unknown. We investigated if habitual nitrate intake, derived from plants or animal-based foods, was cross-sectionally associated with frailty in women. METHODS Community-dwelling older Australian women (n = 1390, mean age 75.1 ± 2.7 years) completed a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Nitrate concentrations in food were obtained from international nitrate databases. We adopted the Rockwood frailty index (FI) of cumulative deficits comprising 33 variables across multiple health domains (scored 0 to 1), which predicts increased hospitalisation and mortality risk. A FI ≥ 0.25 indicated frailty. Cross-sectional associations between nitrate intake (total plant and animal nitrate, separately) and frailty were analysed using multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models (including lifestyle factors), as part of restricted cubic splines. RESULTS A non-linear inverse relationship was observed between total plant nitrate intake and frailty. Compared to women with the lowest plant nitrate intake (Quartile [Q]1), women with greater intakes in Q2 (OR 0.69 95%CI 0.56-0.84), Q3 (OR 0.67 95%CI 0.50-0.90) and Q4 (OR 0.66 95%CI 0.45-0.98) had lower odds for frailty. A nadir in the inverse association was observed once intakes reached ~ 64 mg/d (median Q2). No relationship was observed between total animal nitrate and frailty. CONCLUSION Community-dwelling older women consuming low amounts of plant-derived nitrate were more likely to present with frailty. Consuming at least one daily serving (~ 75 g) of nitrate-rich green leafy vegetables may be beneficial in preventing frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Hayes
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Elsa Dent
- Research Centre for Public Health, Equity and Human Flourishing, Torrens University Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Oliver M Shannon
- Human Nutrition and Exercise Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Lie Zhou Zhong
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Trent Bozanich
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Lauren C Blekkenhorst
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Kun Zhu
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Deparment of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Catherine P Bondonno
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Mario Siervo
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Emiel O Hoogendijk
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Ageing and Later Life Research Program, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jonathan M Hodgson
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Richard L Prince
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Joshua R Lewis
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Marc Sim
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia.
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
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14
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Shaw C, Weimer BC, Gann R, Desai PT, Shah JD. The Yin and Yang of pathogens and probiotics: interplay between Salmonella enterica sv. Typhimurium and Bifidobacterium infantis during co-infection. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1387498. [PMID: 38812689 PMCID: PMC11133690 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1387498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Probiotic bacteria have been proposed as an alternative to antibiotics for the control of antimicrobial resistant enteric pathogens. The mechanistic details of this approach remain unclear, in part because pathogen reduction appears to be both strain and ecology dependent. Here we tested the ability of five probiotic strains, including some from common probiotic genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, to reduce binding of Salmonella enterica sv. Typhimurium to epithelial cells in vitro. Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis emerged as a promising strain; however, S. Typhimurium infection outcome in epithelial cells was dependent on inoculation order, with B. infantis unable to rescue host cells from preceding or concurrent infection. We further investigated the complex mechanisms underlying this interaction between B. infantis, S. Typhimurium, and epithelial cells using a multi-omics approach that included gene expression and altered metabolism via metabolomics. Incubation with B. infantis repressed apoptotic pathways and induced anti-inflammatory cascades in epithelial cells. In contrast, co-incubation with B. infantis increased in S. Typhimurium the expression of virulence factors, induced anaerobic metabolism, and repressed components of arginine metabolism as well as altering the metabolic profile. Concurrent application of the probiotic and pathogen notably generated metabolic profiles more similar to that of the probiotic alone than to the pathogen, indicating a central role for metabolism in modulating probiotic-pathogen-host interactions. Together these data imply crosstalk via small molecules between the epithelial cells, pathogen and probiotic that consistently demonstrated unique molecular mechanisms specific probiotic/pathogen the individual associations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bart C. Weimer
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, 100K Pathogen Genome Project, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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15
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Barbosa PO, Tanus-Santos JE, Cavalli RDC, Bengtsson T, Montenegro MF, Sandrim VC. The Nitrate-Nitrite-Nitric Oxide Pathway: Potential Role in Mitigating Oxidative Stress in Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy. Nutrients 2024; 16:1475. [PMID: 38794713 PMCID: PMC11124146 DOI: 10.3390/nu16101475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypertensive diseases of pregnancy (HDPs) represent a global clinical challenge, affecting 5-10% of women and leading to complications for both maternal well-being and fetal development. At the heart of these complications is endothelial dysfunction, with oxidative stress emerging as a pivotal causative factor. The reduction in nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability is a vital indicator of this dysfunction, culminating in blood pressure dysregulation. In the therapeutic context, although antihypertensive medications are commonly used, they come with inherent concerns related to maternal-fetal safety, and a percentage of women do not respond to these therapies. Therefore, alternative strategies that directly address the pathophysiology of HDPs are required. This article focuses on the potential of the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway, abundantly present in dark leafy greens and beetroot, as an alternative approach to treating HDPs. The objective of this review is to discuss the prospective antioxidant role of nitrate. We hope our discussion paves the way for using nitrate to improve endothelial dysfunction and control oxidative stress, offering a potential therapy for managing HDPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Oliveira Barbosa
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo—USP, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (P.O.B.)
| | - José E. Tanus-Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo—USP, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil;
| | - Ricardo de Carvalho Cavalli
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo—USP, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (P.O.B.)
| | - Tore Bengtsson
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marcelo F. Montenegro
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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16
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Upanan S, Lee J, Tunau-Spencer KJ, Rajvanshi PK, Wright EC, Noguchi CT, Schechter AN. High nitrate levels in skeletal muscle contribute to nitric oxide generation via a nitrate/nitrite reductive pathway in mice that lack the nNOS enzyme. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1352242. [PMID: 38784116 PMCID: PMC11112080 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1352242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Nitric oxide (NO) is a vasodilator gas that plays a critical role in mitochondrial respiration and skeletal muscle function. NO is endogenously generated by NO synthases: neuronal NO synthase (nNOS), endothelial NO synthase (eNOS), or inducible NO synthase (iNOS). NO in skeletal muscle is partly generated by nNOS, and nNOS deficiency can contribute to muscular dystrophic diseases. However, we and others discovered an alternative nitrate/nitrite reductive pathway for NO generation: nitrate to nitrite to NO. We hypothesized that nitrate supplementation would increase nitrate accumulation in skeletal muscle and promote a nitrate/nitrite reductive pathway for NO production to compensate for the loss of nNOS in skeletal muscle. Methods Wild-type (WT) and genetic nNOS knockout (nNOS-/-) mice were fed normal chow (386.9 nmol/g nitrate) and subjected to three treatments: high-nitrate water (1 g/L sodium nitrate for 7 days), low-nitrate diet (46.8 nmol/g nitrate for 7 days), and low-nitrate diet followed by high-nitrate water for 7 days each. Results High-nitrate water supplementation exhibited a greater and more significant increase in nitrate levels in skeletal muscle and blood in nNOS-/- mice than in WT mice. A low-nitrate diet decreased blood nitrate and nitrite levels in both WT and nNOS-/- mice. WT and nNOS-/- mice, treated with low-nitrate diet, followed by high-nitrate water supplementation, showed a significant increase in nitrate levels in skeletal muscle and blood, analogous to the increases observed in nNOS-/- mice supplemented with high-nitrate water. In skeletal muscle of nNOS-/- mice on high-nitrate water supplementation, on low-nitrate diet, and in low-high nitrate treatment, the loss of nNOS resulted in a corresponding increase in the expression of nitrate/nitrite reductive pathway-associated nitrate transporters [sialin and chloride channel 1 (CLC1)] and nitrate/nitrite reductase [xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR)] but did not show a compensatory increase in iNOS or eNOS protein and eNOS activation activity [p-eNOS (Ser1177)]. Discussion These findings suggest that a greater increase in nitrate levels in skeletal muscle of nNOS-/- mice on nitrate supplementation results from reductive processes to increase NO production with the loss of nNOS in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supranee Upanan
- Molecular Medicine Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jeeyoung Lee
- Molecular Medicine Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Khalid J. Tunau-Spencer
- Molecular Medicine Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Praveen K. Rajvanshi
- Molecular Medicine Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Elizabeth C. Wright
- Office of the Director, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Constance T. Noguchi
- Molecular Medicine Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Alan N. Schechter
- Molecular Medicine Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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17
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Abdel Azim S, Whiting C, Friedman AJ. Applications of nitric oxide-releasing nanomaterials in dermatology: Skin infections and wound healing. Nitric Oxide 2024; 146:10-18. [PMID: 38458595 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is produced in most cells in the skin and is an important regulator of essential cutaneous functions, including responses to UV irradiation, microbial defense, wound healing, melanogenesis and epidermal permeability barrier homeostasis. Harnessing the physiological activities of NO for therapeutic use is difficult because the molecule is highly reactive and unstable. A variety of exogenous NO delivery platforms have been developed and evaluated; however, they have limited clinical applications in dermatology due to instability and poor cutaneous penetration. NO-releasing nanomaterials overcome these limitations, providing targeted tissue delivery, and sustained and controlled NO release. This review provides a comprehensive and up-to-date evaluation of the use of NO-releasing nanomaterials in dermatology for the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections and wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Abdel Azim
- Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Cleo Whiting
- Department of Dermatology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Adam J Friedman
- Department of Dermatology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA.
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Zhu C, Miao L, Wei K, Shi D, Gao J. Coronary microvascular dysfunction. Microvasc Res 2024; 153:104652. [PMID: 38211894 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2024.104652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is a key mechanism underlying ischemic heart disease (IHD), yet its diagnosis and treatment remain challenging. This article presents a comprehensive overview of CMD research, covering its pathogenesis, diagnostic criteria, assessment techniques, risk factors, and therapeutic strategies. Additionally, it highlights the prospects for future CMD research. The article aims at advocating early and effective intervention for CMD and improving the prognosis of IHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlin Zhu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Miao
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kangkang Wei
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dazhuo Shi
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Jie Gao
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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19
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Basaqr R, Albathi FA, Aljaadi AM, Babteen A. Evaluation of Knowledge and Awareness of Dietary Nitrate Among Clinical Dietitians in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e60597. [PMID: 38894804 PMCID: PMC11185096 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Dietary nitrate (NO3) plays an important role in human physiological processes. In the past, inorganic NO3 was viewed negatively due to its link with carcinogenic effects, notably nitrosamine formation in the stomach; yet, current perspectives acknowledge NO3 as a potentially beneficial dietary element. Nutrition professionals (NPs) are crucial in promoting NO3 awareness in health and academic settings. The study aimed to evaluate the knowledge of NPs in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, regarding the biological roles of dietary NO3, taking into consideration their qualifications and years of experience. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among NPs who had graduated from clinical nutrition programs or were employed in clinical or academic settings. A validated 12-item online questionnaire was used to assess dietary NO3 knowledge across five areas: health effects, dietary sources, recommendations, biomarkers of intake, and metabolism. The nitrate knowledge index (NKI) score was used to evaluate responses. Results Eighty-nine female NPs out of 144 completed the questionnaire. Most were ≤30 years old (75.4%) and had an undergraduate degree in clinical nutrition (70.8%), but 37 of them had ≤3 years of experience (62.7%). Overall, poor knowledge scores were observed among NPs, with a median (25th and 75th percentile) score of 10 (6, 13) out of 23. The majority (64%) perceived NO3 to be beneficial. However, most of the participants did not know its benefits in lowering blood pressure (BP) (68.5%) and were unsure about the effects of nitrate on cognitive function (60.7%) or kidney function (57.3%). Almost half of the NPs were unaware of NO3 sources and unsure about the mechanisms of the conversion of NO3 into nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in the mouth (48.3%). Overall, knowledge of factors that affect NO3 content in food was good. No significant differences were observed in the median NKI scores among the participants based on their level of education or years of experience. Conclusion This study suggests NPs lack knowledge about dietary NO3. To address this, educational programs should be developed and implemented in clinical and academic settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Basaqr
- Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of the National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Fatmah A Albathi
- Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of the National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Abeer M Aljaadi
- Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU
| | - Abrar Babteen
- Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU
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20
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Ding M, Tian K, Wang J, Liu Y, Hu G, Zheng Y, Lei S, Sun J, Yang HB, Hu FX. Integrated molybdenum single atom array sensors with multichannels for nitrite detection in foods. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 257:116345. [PMID: 38692247 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Nitrite (NO2-) is present in a variety of foods, but the excessive intake of NO2- can indirectly lead to carcinogenic, teratogenic, mutagenicity and other risks to the human body. Therefore, the detection of NO2- is crucial for maintaining human health. In this study, an integrated array sensor for NO2- detection is developed based on molybdenum single atom material (IMSMo-SAC) using high-resolution electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing technology. The sensor comprises three components: a printed electrode array, multichannels designed on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and an electronic signal process device with bluetooth. By utilizing Mo-SAC to facilitate electron transfer during the redox reaction, rapid and efficient detection of NO2- can be achieved. The sensor has a wide linear range of 0.1 μM-107.8 mM, a low detection limit of 33 nM and a high sensitivity of 0.637 mA-1mM-1 cm-2. Furthermore, employing this portable array sensor allows simultaneously measurements of NO2- concentrations in six different foods samples with acceptable recovery rates. This array sensor holds great potential for detecting of small molecules in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Ding
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, JiangSu Province, 215009, China
| | - Kangling Tian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, JiangSu Province, 215009, China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, JiangSu Province, 215009, China
| | - Yuhang Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, JiangSu Province, 215009, China
| | - Guangxuan Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, JiangSu Province, 215009, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, JiangSu Province, 215009, China
| | - Shaohui Lei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, JiangSu Province, 215009, China
| | - Jiayue Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, JiangSu Province, 215009, China
| | - Hong Bin Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, JiangSu Province, 215009, China.
| | - Fang Xin Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, JiangSu Province, 215009, China.
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21
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Cai L, Ding Y, Rajah G, Tong Y, Duan H, Han Z, Gao J, Cheng Z, Xin R, Jiang S, Geng X. Rapid Intravenous Glyceryl Trinitrate in Ischemic Damage (RIGID): A potential neuroprotection strategy for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients. Neurotherapeutics 2024:e00365. [PMID: 38658264 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurot.2024.e00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular thrombectomy, numerous acute ischemic stroke survivors continue to experience various disability levels. The nitric oxide (NO) donor, Glyceryl Trinitrate (GTN), has been identified as a potential neuroprotective agent against ischemic damage. We evaluated the safety and feasibility of intravenous GTN in AIS patients. Subsequently, we conducted a secondary analysis to assess for possible efficacy of GTN as a neuroprotectant. We conducted a prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled trial in the Stroke Intervention & Translational Center (SITC) in Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University (ChiCTR2100046271). AIS patients within 24 h of stroke onset were evenly divided into GTN or control groups (n = 20 each). The GTN group received intravenous GTN (5 mg in 50 ml saline at a rate of 0.4 mg/h for 12.5 h/day over 2 days), while controls were administered an equivalent volume of 0.9% saline. Both groups followed standard Stroke Guidelines for treatment. Safety measures focused on SBP<110 mmHg and headache occurrence. Efficacy was assessed via the 90-day modified rankin score (mRS) and the national institutes of health stroke score (NIHSS). Of the 40 AIS patients, baseline characteristics such as age, gender, risk factors, and pre-mRS scores showed no significant difference between the groups. Safety measures of SBP<110 mmHg and headache occurrence were comparable. Overall, 90-day mRS (1 vs. 1) and NIHSS (1 vs. 1) did not significantly differ between groups. However, the GTN-treated group had a benefit in enhancing NIHSS recovery (△NIHSS 4.5 vs. 3, p = 0.028), indicating that GTN may augment recovery. Subgroup analyses revealed a benefit in the GTN group at the 90-day NIHSS score and △NIHSS follow up for non-thrombolysis patients (1 vs. 2, p = 0.016; 5 vs. 2, p = 0.001). Moreover, the GTN group may benefit mild stroke patients in NIHSS score at 90 day and △NIHSS observed at 90 days (1 vs. 1, p = 0.025; 3 vs. 2 p = 0.002). Overall, while preliminary data suggest GTN might aid recovery in NIHSS improvement, the evidence is tempered due to sample size limitations. The RIGID study confirms the safety and feasibility of intravenous GTN administration for AIS patients. Preliminary data also suggest that the GTN group may provide improvement in NIHSS recovery compared to the control group. Furthermore, a potential benefit for non-thrombolysis patients and those with mild stroke symptoms was identified, suggesting a possible potential role as a tailored intervention in specific AIS subgroups. Due to the limited sample size, further larger RCT will be necessary to replicate these results. TRIAL REGISTRATION: www.chictr.org.cn, identifier: ChiCTR2100046271.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipeng Cai
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuchuan Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Gary Rajah
- Department of Neurosurgery, Munson Medical Center, Traverse City, Mi, USA
| | - Yanna Tong
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Honglian Duan
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenzhen Han
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiqiang Xin
- Department of Medical Imaging, Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shangqian Jiang
- China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaokun Geng
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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22
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Jin X, Zhang Y, Wang D, Zhang X, Li Y, Wang D, Liang Y, Wang J, Zheng L, Song H, Zhu X, Liang J, Ma J, Gao J, Tong J, Shi L. Metabolite and protein shifts in mature erythrocyte under hypoxia. iScience 2024; 27:109315. [PMID: 38487547 PMCID: PMC10937114 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
As the only cell type responsible for oxygen delivery, erythrocytes play a crucial role in supplying oxygen to hypoxic tissues, ensuring their normal functions. Hypoxia commonly occurs under physiological or pathological conditions, and understanding how erythrocytes adapt to hypoxia is fundamental for exploring the mechanisms of hypoxic diseases. Additionally, investigating acute and chronic mountain sickness caused by plateaus, which are naturally hypoxic environments, will aid in the study of hypoxic diseases. In recent years, increasingly developed proteomics and metabolomics technologies have become powerful tools for studying mature enucleated erythrocytes, which has significantly contributed to clarifying how hypoxia affects erythrocytes. The aim of this article is to summarize the composition of the cytoskeleton and cytoplasmic proteins of hypoxia-altered erythrocytes and explore the impact of hypoxia on their essential functions. Furthermore, we discuss the role of microRNAs in the adaptation of erythrocytes to hypoxia, providing new perspectives on hypoxia-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Yingnan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Ding Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Xiaoru Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Yue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Di Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Yipeng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Jingwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Lingyue Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Haoze Song
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Xu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Jing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Jinfa Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Jie Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Jingyuan Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Lihong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
- CAMS Center for Stem Cell Medicine, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin 300020, China
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23
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Willmott T, Serrage HJ, Cottrell EC, Humphreys GJ, Myers J, Campbell PM, McBain AJ. Investigating the association between nitrate dosing and nitrite generation by the human oral microbiota in continuous culture. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024; 90:e0203523. [PMID: 38440981 PMCID: PMC11022587 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02035-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The generation of nitrite by the oral microbiota is believed to contribute to healthy cardiovascular function, with oral nitrate reduction to nitrite associated with systemic blood pressure regulation. There is the potential to manipulate the composition or activities of the oral microbiota to a higher nitrate-reducing state through nitrate supplementation. The current study examined microbial community composition and enzymatic responses to nitrate supplementation in sessile oral microbiota grown in continuous culture. Nitrate reductase (NaR) activity and nitrite concentrations were not significantly different to tongue-derived inocula in model biofilms. These were generally dominated by Streptococcus spp., initially, and a single nitrate supplementation resulted in the increased relative abundance of the nitrate-reducing genera Veillonella, Neisseria, and Proteus spp. Nitrite concentrations increased concomitantly and continued to increase throughout oral microbiota development. Continuous nitrate supplementation, over a 7-day period, was similarly associated with an elevated abundance of nitrate-reducing taxa and increased nitrite concentration in the perfusate. In experiments in which the models were established in continuous low or high nitrate environments, there was an initial elevation in nitrate reductase, and nitrite concentrations reached a relatively constant concentration over time similar to the acute nitrate challenge with a similar expansion of Veillonella and Neisseria. In summary, we have investigated nitrate metabolism in continuous culture oral biofilms, showing that nitrate addition increases nitrate reductase activity and nitrite concentrations in oral microbiota with the expansion of putatively NaR-producing taxa.IMPORTANCEClinical evidence suggests that blood pressure regulation can be promoted by nitrite generated through the reduction of supplemental dietary nitrate by the oral microbiota. We have utilized oral microbiota models to investigate the mechanisms responsible, demonstrating that nitrate addition increases nitrate reductase activity and nitrite concentrations in oral microbiota with the expansion of nitrate-reducing taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Willmott
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Division of Developmental Biology & Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah J. Serrage
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth C. Cottrell
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Division of Developmental Biology & Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Gavin J. Humphreys
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jenny Myers
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Division of Developmental Biology & Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Paul M. Campbell
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J. McBain
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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24
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Park JW, Piknova B, Tunau-Spencer KJ, Thomas SM, Cai H, Walter PJ, Jenkins A, Hellinga D, Parver LM, Schechter AN. Dietary Nitrate Metabolism in Porcine Ocular Tissues Determined Using 15N-Labeled Sodium Nitrate Supplementation. Nutrients 2024; 16:1154. [PMID: 38674845 PMCID: PMC11054199 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Nitrate (NO3-) obtained from the diet is converted to nitrite (NO2-) and subsequently to nitric oxide (NO) within the body. Previously, we showed that porcine eye components contain substantial amounts of nitrate and nitrite that are similar to those in blood. Notably, cornea and sclera exhibited the capability to reduce nitrate to nitrite. To gain deeper insights into nitrate metabolism in porcine eyes, our current study involved feeding pigs either NaCl or Na15NO3 and assessing the levels of total and 15N-labeled NO3-/NO2- in various ocular tissues. Three hours after Na15NO3 ingestion, a marked increase in 15NO3- and 15NO2- was observed in all parts of the eye; in particular, the aqueous and vitreous humor showed a high 15NO3- enrichment (77.5 and 74.5%, respectively), similar to that of plasma (77.1%) and showed an even higher 15NO2- enrichment (39.9 and 35.3%, respectively) than that of plasma (19.8%). The total amounts of NO3- and NO2- exhibited patterns consistent with those observed in 15N analysis. Next, to investigate whether nitrate or nitrite accumulate proportionally after multiple nitrate treatments, we measured nitrate and nitrite contents after supplementing pigs with Na15NO3 for five consecutive days. In both 15N-labeled and total nitrate and nitrite analysis, we did not observe further accumulation of these ions after multiple treatments, compared to a single treatment. These findings suggest that dietary nitrate supplementation exerts a significant influence on nitrate and nitrite levels and potentially NO levels in the eye and opens up the possibility for the therapeutic use of dietary nitrate/nitrite to enhance or restore NO levels in ocular tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Won Park
- Molecular Medicine Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (J.W.P.); (B.P.); (K.J.T.-S.); (S.M.T.)
- Molecular Medicine Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Barbora Piknova
- Molecular Medicine Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (J.W.P.); (B.P.); (K.J.T.-S.); (S.M.T.)
- Molecular Medicine Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Khalid J. Tunau-Spencer
- Molecular Medicine Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (J.W.P.); (B.P.); (K.J.T.-S.); (S.M.T.)
- Molecular Medicine Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Samantha M. Thomas
- Molecular Medicine Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (J.W.P.); (B.P.); (K.J.T.-S.); (S.M.T.)
- Molecular Medicine Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Hongyi Cai
- Clinical Mass Spectrometry Core, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (H.C.); (P.J.W.)
- Clinical Mass Spectrometry Core, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Peter J. Walter
- Clinical Mass Spectrometry Core, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (H.C.); (P.J.W.)
- Clinical Mass Spectrometry Core, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Audrey Jenkins
- MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, DC 20010, USA; (A.J.); (D.H.)
| | - David Hellinga
- MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, DC 20010, USA; (A.J.); (D.H.)
| | - Leonard M. Parver
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC 20007, USA
| | - Alan N. Schechter
- Molecular Medicine Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (J.W.P.); (B.P.); (K.J.T.-S.); (S.M.T.)
- Molecular Medicine Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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25
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Chai X, Liu L, Chen F. Oral nitrate-reducing bacteria as potential probiotics for blood pressure homeostasis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1337281. [PMID: 38638884 PMCID: PMC11024454 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1337281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and poses a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and chronic kidney disease. Research has shown that nitric oxide (NO) is a vasodilator that regulates vascular tension and the decrease of NO bioactivity is considered one of the potential pathogenesis of essential hypertension. The L-arginine-nitric oxide synthase (NOS) pathway is the main source of endogenous NO production. However, with aging or the onset of diseases, the function of the NOS system becomes impaired, leading to insufficient NO production. The nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway allows for the generation of biologically active NO independent of the NOS system, by utilizing endogenous or dietary inorganic nitrate and nitrite through a series of reduction cycles. The oral cavity serves as an important interface between the body and the environment, and dysbiosis or disruption of the oral microbiota has negative effects on blood pressure regulation. In this review, we explore the role of oral microbiota in maintaining blood pressure homeostasis, particularly the connection between nitrate-reducing bacteria and the bioavailability of NO in the bloodstream and blood pressure changes. This review aims to elucidate the potential mechanisms by which oral nitrate-reducing bacteria contribute to blood pressure homeostasis and to highlight the use of oral nitrate-reducing bacteria as probiotics for oral microbiota intervention to prevent hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofen Chai
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Libing Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
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26
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Das S, Kumar P. Exploring the carbonic anhydrase-mimetic [(PMDTA) 2ZnII2(OH -) 2] 2+ for nitric oxide monooxygenation. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:6173-6177. [PMID: 38501600 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00407h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
In biology, nitrite (NO2-) serves as a storage pool of nitric oxide (NO); however, the formation of NO2- from NO is still under investigation. Here, we report the NO monooxygenation (NOM) reaction of a ZnII-hydroxide complex (1), producing a ZnII-nitrito complex {2, (ZnII-NO2-)} + H2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Tirupati 517507, India.
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Tirupati 517507, India.
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27
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Lei L, Liu M, Ma D, Lei X, Zeng S, Li P, Huang K, Lyu J, Lei Q. Cardioprotective effects of high-altitude adaptation in cardiac surgical patients: a retrospective cohort study with propensity score matching. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1347552. [PMID: 38628317 PMCID: PMC11019029 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1347552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The cardioprotective effect of remote ischemia preconditioning in clinical studies is inconsistent with experimental results. Adaptation to high-altitude hypoxia has been reported to be cardioprotective in animal experiments. However, the clinical significance of the cardioprotective effect of high-altitude adaptation has not been demonstrated. Methods A retrospective cohort study with propensity score matching was designed to compare the outcomes of cardiac surgery between highlanders and lowlanders in a tertiary teaching hospital. The data of adult cardiac surgical patients from January 2013 to December 2022, were collected for analysis. Patients with cardiopulmonary bypass and cardioplegia were divided into a low-altitude group (<1,500 m) and a high-altitude group (≥1,500 m) based on the altitude of their place of residence. Results Of 3,020 patients, the majority (87.5%) permanently lived in low-altitude regions [495 (435, 688) m], and there were 379 patients (12.5%) in the high-altitude group [2,552 (1,862, 3,478) m]. The 377 highlander patients were matched with lowlander patients at a ratio of 1:1. The high-altitude group exhibited a 44.5% reduction in the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) compared with the low-altitude group (6.6% vs. 11.9%, P = 0.017). The patients in the moderate high-altitude subgroup (2,500-3,500 m) had the lowest incidence (5.6%) of MACEs among the subgroups. The level of creatinine kinase muscle-brain isoenzymes on the first postoperative morning was lower in the high-altitude group than in the low-altitude group (66.5 [47.9, 89.0] U/L vs. 69.5 [49.3, 96.8] U/L, P = 0.003). Conclusions High-altitude adaptation exhibits clinically significant cardioprotection in cardiac surgical patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengxue Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Die Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xia Lei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Si Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Keli Huang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Juanjuan Lyu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Lei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Wang S, Wang Y, Lv J, Xu C, Wei Y, Wang G, Li M. Remote Manipulation of TRPV1 Signaling by Near-Infrared Light-Triggered Nitric Oxide Nanogenerators for Specific Cancer Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303579. [PMID: 38155564 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Specific activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid member 1 (TRPV1) channels provides a new avenue for cancer treatment by inducing excessive Ca2+ influx. However, controllable manipulation of TRPV1 signaling for clinical application has remained elusive due to the challenge in finding a mild and effective method of exerting external stimulus without adverse side effects in living systems. Herein, a TRPV1-targeting near-infrared (NIR) triggered nitric oxide (NO)-releasing nanoplatform (HCuS@PDA-TRPV1/BNN6) based on polydopamine (PDA) coated hollow copper sulfide nanoparticles (HCuS NPs) is developed for specific cancer therapy. Upon NIR irradiation, the NO donor BNN6 encapsulated in NIR-responsive nanovehicles can locally generate NO to activate TRPV1 channels and induce Ca2+ influx. This NIR controlled mode enables the nanoplatform to exert its therapeutic effects below the apoptotic threshold temperature (43°C), minimizing the photothermal damage to normal tissue. Integrating this special NO-mediated therapy with HCuS NPs mediated chemodynamic therapy, the designed nanoplatform exhibits a boosted anticancer activity with negligible systematic toxicity. Together, this study provides a promising strategy for site-specific cancer therapy by spatiotemporally controlled activation of surface ion channels, thus offering a solution to an unmet clinical need in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangling Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Development and Evaluation, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
- Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Hebei College of Industry and Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050091, China
| | - Yalin Wang
- The Second Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Jie Lv
- College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Development and Evaluation, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Chunzhe Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Development and Evaluation, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Yuxin Wei
- College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Development and Evaluation, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Guiying Wang
- The Second Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Meng Li
- College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Development and Evaluation, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
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29
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Tang D, Peng X, Wu S, Tang S. Autonomous Nanorobots as Miniaturized Surgeons for Intracellular Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:595. [PMID: 38607129 PMCID: PMC11013175 DOI: 10.3390/nano14070595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Artificial nanorobots have emerged as promising tools for a wide range of biomedical applications, including biosensing, detoxification, and drug delivery. Their unique ability to navigate confined spaces with precise control extends their operational scope to the cellular or subcellular level. By combining tailored surface functionality and propulsion mechanisms, nanorobots demonstrate rapid penetration of cell membranes and efficient internalization, enhancing intracellular delivery capabilities. Moreover, their robust motion within cells enables targeted interactions with intracellular components, such as proteins, molecules, and organelles, leading to superior performance in intracellular biosensing and organelle-targeted cargo delivery. Consequently, nanorobots hold significant potential as miniaturized surgeons capable of directly modulating cellular dynamics and combating metastasis, thereby maximizing therapeutic outcomes for precision therapy. In this review, we provide an overview of the propulsion modes of nanorobots and discuss essential factors to harness propulsive energy from the local environment or external power sources, including structure, material, and engine selection. We then discuss key advancements in nanorobot technology for various intracellular applications. Finally, we address important considerations for future nanorobot design to facilitate their translation into clinical practice and unlock their full potential in biomedical research and healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daitian Tang
- Luohu Clinical Institute, School of Medicine, Shantou University, Shantou 515000, China; (D.T.); (X.P.)
| | - Xiqi Peng
- Luohu Clinical Institute, School of Medicine, Shantou University, Shantou 515000, China; (D.T.); (X.P.)
| | - Song Wu
- Luohu Clinical Institute, School of Medicine, Shantou University, Shantou 515000, China; (D.T.); (X.P.)
| | - Songsong Tang
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
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Yamasaki H, Itoh RD, Mizumoto KB, Yoshida YS, Otaki JM, Cohen MF. Spatiotemporal Characteristics Determining the Multifaceted Nature of Reactive Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Sulfur Species in Relation to Proton Homeostasis. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024. [PMID: 38407968 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Significance: Reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and reactive sulfur species (RSS) act as signaling molecules, regulating gene expression, enzyme activity, and physiological responses. However, excessive amounts of these molecular species can lead to deleterious effects, causing cellular damage and death. This dual nature of ROS, RNS, and RSS presents an intriguing conundrum that calls for a new paradigm. Recent Advances: Recent advancements in the study of photosynthesis have offered significant insights at the molecular level and with high temporal resolution into how the photosystem II oxygen-evolving complex manages to prevent harmful ROS production during the water-splitting process. These findings suggest that a dynamic spatiotemporal arrangement of redox reactions, coupled with strict regulation of proton transfer, is crucial for minimizing unnecessary ROS formation. Critical Issues: To better understand the multifaceted nature of these reactive molecular species in biology, it is worth considering a more holistic view that combines ecological and evolutionary perspectives on ROS, RNS, and RSS. By integrating spatiotemporal perspectives into global, cellular, and biochemical events, we discuss local pH or proton availability as a critical determinant associated with the generation and action of ROS, RNS, and RSS in biological systems. Future Directions: The concept of localized proton availability will not only help explain the multifaceted nature of these ubiquitous simple molecules in diverse systems but also provide a basis for new therapeutic strategies to manage and manipulate these reactive species in neural disorders, pathogenic diseases, and antiaging efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Yamasaki
- Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Ryuuichi D Itoh
- Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | | | - Yuki S Yoshida
- Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Joji M Otaki
- Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Michael F Cohen
- University of California Cooperative Extension, Santa Clara County, San Jose, California, USA
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Jędrejko M, Jędrejko K, Gómez-Renaud VM, Kała K, Muszyńska B. Exploring the Impact of Alternative Sources of Dietary Nitrate Supplementation on Exercise Performance. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3650. [PMID: 38612462 PMCID: PMC11012081 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
An increase in the level of nitric oxide (NO) plays a key role in regulating the human cardiovascular system (lowering blood pressure, improving blood flow), glycemic control in type 2 diabetes, and may help enhance exercise capacity in healthy individuals (including athletes). This molecule is formed by endogenous enzymatic synthesis and the intake of inorganic nitrate (NO3-) from dietary sources. Although one of the most well-known natural sources of NO3- in the daily diet is beetroot (Beta vulgaris), this review also explores other plant sources of NO3- with comparable concentrations that could serve as ergogenic aids, supporting exercise performance or recovery in healthy individuals. The results of the analysis demonstrate that red spinach (Amaranthus spp.) and green spinach (Spinacia oleracea) are alternative natural sources rich in dietary NO3-. The outcomes of the collected studies showed that consumption of selected alternative sources of inorganic NO3- could support physical condition. Red spinach and green spinach have been shown to improve exercise performance or accelerate recovery after physical exertion in healthy subjects (including athletes).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Jędrejko
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 Str., 30-688 Kraków, Poland (K.J.); (K.K.)
| | - Karol Jędrejko
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 Str., 30-688 Kraków, Poland (K.J.); (K.K.)
| | - Víctor M. Gómez-Renaud
- Human Performance Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, San Nicolas de los Garza 66455, Mexico;
| | - Katarzyna Kała
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 Str., 30-688 Kraków, Poland (K.J.); (K.K.)
| | - Bożena Muszyńska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 Str., 30-688 Kraków, Poland (K.J.); (K.K.)
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Paiva B, Laranjinha J, Rocha BS. Do oral and gut microbiota communicate through redox pathways? A novel asset of the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway. FEBS Lett 2024. [PMID: 38523057 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Nitrate may act as a regulator of •NO bioavailability via sequential reduction along the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway with widespread health benefits, including a eubiotic effect on the oral and gut microbiota. Here, we discuss the molecular mechanisms of microbiota-host communication through redox pathways, via the production of •NO and oxidants by the family of NADPH oxidases, namely hydrogen peroxide (via Duox2), superoxide radical (via Nox1 and Nox2) and peroxynitrite, which leads to downstream activation of stress responses (Nrf2 and NFkB pathways) in the host mucosa. The activation of Nox2 by microbial metabolites is also discussed. Finally, we propose a new perspective in which both oral and gut microbiota communicate through redox pathways, with nitrate as the pivot linking both ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Paiva
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Laranjinha
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Bárbara S Rocha
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal
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33
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Azhough R, Jalali P, Dashti MR, Taher S, Aghajani A. Intradermal methylene blue analgesic application in posthemorrhoidectomy pain management: a randomized controlled trial. Front Surg 2024; 11:1354328. [PMID: 38577253 PMCID: PMC10991772 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2024.1354328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Unbearable post-hemorrhoidectomy pain is a well-documented challenge, significantly impacting patient well-being and satisfaction after surgery, often influencing patients to decline in undergoing this procedure. It is widely recognized that methylene blue has an effect of reducing inflammation and pain by reduces the production of nitric oxide and inhibiting the action potentials production in nerves. This study aims to explore the potential benefits of postoperative regional administration of methylene blue in providing extended relief from post-hemorrhoidectomy pain. Methods This study included 97 patients aged 18-75 undergoing hemorrhoidectomy for stage III or IV hemorrhoids. A double-blind, randomized controlled trial compared postoperative intradermal injections of 1% methylene blue to 0.5% Marcaine as the control group. Two-week follow-up assessed pain. Statistical analysis, adherence to ethical standards, and registration were conducted. Result No significant differences were found in baseline demographics, surgical parameters, or complications between the Methylene Blue and control groups. Intervention group remained lower in mean pain score until the 12th day. Methylene blue group reported significantly lower postoperative pain scores from days 1 to 7, with no significant differences afterward. Conclusion This ongoing randomized controlled trial reveals the potential analgesic benefits of intradermal injection 1% methylene blue. It demonstrates comparable efficacy in reducing post-hemorrhoidectomy pain, with negligible side effects and complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Azhough
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Pooya Jalali
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Centre, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sahar Taher
- Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University Tabriz Branch, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Aghajani
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Centre, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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34
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Balez R, Stevens CH, Lenk K, Maksour S, Sidhu K, Sutherland G, Ooi L. Increased Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase in Alzheimer's Disease Mediates Spontaneous Calcium Signaling and Divergent Glutamatergic Calcium Responses. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024. [PMID: 38299492 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Nitrosative stress is a feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aims: We aimed to identify the cause underpinning increased nitric oxide (NO) in neurons and the impact of NO on neuronal function in AD. Results: We analyzed neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) protein levels in postmortem tissue and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons from Alzheimer's patients and controls by immunohistochemistry and Western blots. Furthermore, we assessed the impact of modulating nNOS function or NO levels on neuronal glutamatergic signaling using calcium imaging. We show that nNOS protein levels are increased in early and severely affected brain regions of AD postmortem tissue, but not late and mildly affected regions, or cognitively normal individuals. The increased nNOS phenotype was also present in iPSC-derived neurons from late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) patients compared with controls, along with increased levels of nitrite, a stable marker of NO. Innovation: We observed a divergent functional impact of NO that included strengthening the calcium response in control neurons, while dysregulating calcium signaling and altering the amplitude and kinetics of the calcium responses to glutamate in the AD neurons. Pharmacological scavenging of NO or inhibition of nNOS prevented aberrant spontaneous calcium signaling in AD neurons. Conclusion: Together these data identify increases in nNOS protein in AD. Functional data suggest that NO modulation of glutamatergic calcium signaling is neuroprotective under nonpathogenic conditions, with increased nNOS and NO contributing to dysregulated spontaneous calcium signaling in AD neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachelle Balez
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Claire H Stevens
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Kerstin Lenk
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Institute of Neural Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed, Graz, Austria
| | - Simon Maksour
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Kuldip Sidhu
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CheBA), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Greg Sutherland
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Glebe, Australia
| | - Lezanne Ooi
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
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Ferrer MD, Reynés C, Jiménez L, Malagraba G, Monserrat-Mesquida M, Bouzas C, Sureda A, Tur JA, Pons A. Nitrite Attenuates the In Vitro Inflammatory Response of Immune Cells to the SARS-CoV-2 S Protein without Interfering in the Antioxidant Enzyme Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3001. [PMID: 38474248 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25053001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 induces a hyperinflammatory reaction due to the excessive release of cytokines during the immune response. The bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) contributes to the low-grade inflammation associated with the metabolic syndrome, enhancing the hyperinflammatory reaction induced by the SARS-CoV-2 infection. The intake of sodium nitrate, a precursor of nitrite and nitric oxide, influences the antioxidant and pro-inflammatory gene expression profile after immune stimulation with LPS in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from metabolic syndrome patients. We aimed to assess the inflammatory and antioxidant responses of immune cells from metabolic syndrome patients to exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S protein) together with LPS and the effect of nitrite in these responses. Whole blood samples obtained from six metabolic syndrome patients were cultured for 16 h at 37 °C with four different media: control medium, control medium plus LPS (100 ng/mL), control medium plus LPS (100 ng/mL) plus S protein (10 ng/mL), and control medium plus LPS (100 ng/mL) plus S protein (10 ng/mL) plus nitrite (5 µM). Immune stimulation with the LPS/S protein enhanced nitrate biosynthesis from nitrite oxidation and probably from additional organic precursors. In vitro incubations with the LPS/S protein enhanced the expression and/or release of pro-inflammatory TNFα, IL-6, IL-1β, and TLR4, as well as the expression of the anti-inflammatory IL-1ra and IL-10 and antioxidant enzymes. Nitrite attenuated the pro- and anti-inflammatory response induced by the S protein without interfering with the activation of TLR4 and antioxidant enzyme expression, raising the possibility that nitrite could have potential as a coadjutant in the treatment of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel D Ferrer
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
| | - Clara Reynés
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma, Spain
| | - Laura Jiménez
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma, Spain
| | - Gianluca Malagraba
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma, Spain
| | - Margalida Monserrat-Mesquida
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Bouzas
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep A Tur
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antoni Pons
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Bahadoran Z, Mirmiran P, Ghasemi A. Adipose organ dysfunction and type 2 diabetes: Role of nitric oxide. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 221:116043. [PMID: 38325496 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Adipose organ, historically known as specialized lipid-handling tissue serving as the long-term fat depot, is now appreciated as the largest endocrine organ composed of two main compartments, i.e., subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue (AT), madding up white and beige/brown adipocytes. Adipose organ dysfunction manifested as maldistribution of the compartments, hypertrophic, hypoxic, inflamed, and insulin-resistant AT, contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Here, we highlight the role of nitric oxide (NO·) in AT (dys)function in relation to developing T2D. The key aspects determining lipid and glucose homeostasis in AT depend on the physiological levels of the NO· produced via endothelial NO· synthases (eNOS). In addition to decreased NO· bioavailability (via decreased expression/activity of eNOS or scavenging NO·), excessive NO· produced by inducible NOS (iNOS) in response to hypoxia and AT inflammation may be a critical interfering factor diverting NO· signaling to the formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, resulting in AT and whole-body metabolic dysfunction. Pharmacological approaches boosting AT-NO· availability at physiological levels (by increasing NO· production and its stability), as well as suppression of iNOS-NO· synthesis, are potential candidates for developing NO·-based therapeutics in T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Bahadoran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Mirmiran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asghar Ghasemi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Chatzinikolaou PN, Margaritelis NV, Paschalis V, Theodorou AA, Vrabas IS, Kyparos A, D'Alessandro A, Nikolaidis MG. Erythrocyte metabolism. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14081. [PMID: 38270467 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Our aim is to present an updated overview of the erythrocyte metabolism highlighting its richness and complexity. We have manually collected and connected the available biochemical pathways and integrated them into a functional metabolic map. The focus of this map is on the main biochemical pathways consisting of glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, redox metabolism, oxygen metabolism, purine/nucleoside metabolism, and membrane transport. Other recently emerging pathways are also curated, like the methionine salvage pathway, the glyoxalase system, carnitine metabolism, and the lands cycle, as well as remnants of the carboxylic acid metabolism. An additional goal of this review is to present the dynamics of erythrocyte metabolism, providing key numbers used to perform basic quantitative analyses. By synthesizing experimental and computational data, we conclude that glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, and redox metabolism are the foundations of erythrocyte metabolism. Additionally, the erythrocyte can sense oxygen levels and oxidative stress adjusting its mechanics, metabolism, and function. In conclusion, fine-tuning of erythrocyte metabolism controls one of the most important biological processes, that is, oxygen loading, transport, and delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis N Chatzinikolaou
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece
| | - Nikos V Margaritelis
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece
| | - Vassilis Paschalis
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasios A Theodorou
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Ioannis S Vrabas
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece
| | - Antonios Kyparos
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Michalis G Nikolaidis
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece
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Li H, Li W, Song K, Liu Y, Zhao G, Du YL. Nitric oxide synthase-guided genome mining identifies a cytochrome P450 enzyme for olefin nitration in bacterial specialized metabolism. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2024; 9:127-133. [PMID: 38304063 PMCID: PMC10831120 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The biological signaling molecule nitric oxide (NO) has recently emerged as a metabolic precursor for the creation of microbial natural products with diversified structures and biological activities. Within the biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) of these compounds, genes associated with NO production pathways have been pinpointed. In this study, we employ a nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-guided genome mining strategy for the targeted discovery of NO-derived bacterial natural products and NO-utilizing biocatalysts. We show that a conserved NOS-containing BGC, distributed across several actinobacterial genomes, is responsible for the biosynthesis of lajollamycin, a unique nitro-tetraene-containing antibiotic whose biosynthetic mechanism remains elusive. Through a combination of in vivo and in vitro studies, we unveil the first cytochrome P450 enzyme capable of catalyzing olefin nitration in natural product biosynthesis. These results not only expand the current knowledge about biosynthetic nitration processes but also offer an efficient way for targeted identification of NO-utilizing metabolic pathways and novel nitrating biocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Li
- Polytechnic Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310022, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Microbiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Kaihui Song
- Department of Microbiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guiyun Zhao
- Department of Microbiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yi-Ling Du
- Polytechnic Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310022, China
- Department of Microbiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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Gonçalves JS, Marçal AL, Marques BS, Costa FD, Laranjinha J, Rocha BS, Lourenço CF. Dietary nitrate supplementation and cognitive health: the nitric oxide-dependent neurovascular coupling hypothesis. Biochem Soc Trans 2024; 52:279-289. [PMID: 38385536 DOI: 10.1042/bst20230491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Diet is currently recognized as a major modifiable agent of human health. In particular, dietary nitrate has been increasingly explored as a strategy to modulate different physiological mechanisms with demonstrated benefits in multiple organs, including gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, metabolic, and endocrine systems. An intriguing exception in this scenario has been the brain, for which the evidence of the nitrate benefits remains controversial. Upon consumption, nitrate can undergo sequential reduction reactions in vivo to produce nitric oxide (•NO), a ubiquitous paracrine messenger that supports multiple physiological events such as vasodilation and neuromodulation. In the brain, •NO plays a key role in neurovascular coupling, a fine process associated with the dynamic regulation of cerebral blood flow matching the metabolic needs of neurons and crucial for sustaining brain function. Neurovascular coupling dysregulation has been associated with neurodegeneration and cognitive dysfunction during different pathological conditions and aging. We discuss the potential biological action of nitrate on brain health, concerning the molecular mechanisms underpinning this association, particularly via modulation of •NO-dependent neurovascular coupling. The impact of nitrate supplementation on cognitive performance was scrutinized through preclinical and clinical data, suggesting that intervention length and the health condition of the participants are determinants of the outcome. Also, it stresses the need for multimodal quantitative studies relating cellular and mechanistic approaches to function coupled with behavior clinical outputs to understand whether a mechanistic relationship between dietary nitrate and cognitive health is operative in the brain. If proven, it supports the exciting hypothesis of cognitive enhancement via diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- João S Gonçalves
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Health Science Campus, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana L Marçal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Health Science Campus, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Bárbara S Marques
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Health Science Campus, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Filipa D Costa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Health Science Campus, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Laranjinha
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Health Science Campus, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Bárbara S Rocha
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Health Science Campus, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cátia F Lourenço
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Health Science Campus, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
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Mirzababaei A, Mahmoodi M, Abaj F, Barkhidarian B, Dehghani A, Khalili P, Roumi Z, Mirzaei K. The association of dietary nitrates/nitrites intake and the gut microbial metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide and kynurenine in adults: a population-based study. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1346074. [PMID: 38450240 PMCID: PMC10915207 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1346074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary nitrate and nitrite may affect the gut microbiota and its metabolites, such as trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and kynurenine (KYN). However, this association and the exact mechanism are still unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the association between dietary consumption of nitrite and nitrate on TMAO and KYN levels in adults. Methods This cross-sectional study was employed on a subsample baseline phase of the Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) Employee's Cohort Study (TEC). A total of 250 adults aged 18 years or older were included in the current analysis. Data on the dietary intakes were collected using a validated dish-based food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and dietary intakes of nitrite and nitrate were estimated using the FFQ with 144 items. Serum profiles and TMAO and KYN were measured using a standard protocol. Results The findings of this study demonstrate a significant association between the intake of animal sources of nitrate and nitrite and the likelihood of having elevated levels of TMAO and KYN. Specifically, after adjustment, individuals with the highest intake adherence to nitrates from animal sources exhibited increased odds of having the highest level of TMAO (≥51.02 pg/ml) (OR = 1.51, 95% CI = 0.59-3.88, P = 0.03) and KYN (≥417.41 pg/ml) (OR = 1.75, 95% CI = 0.73-4.17, P = 0.02). Additionally, subjects with the highest animal intake from nitrite sources have 1.73 and 1.45 times higher odds of having the highest levels of TMAO and KYN. These results emphasize the potential implications of animal-derived nitrate and nitrite consumption on the levels of TMAO and KYN. Conclusion The present evidence indicates that a high level of nitrate and nitrite intake from animal sources can increase the odds of high levels of TMAO and KYN. Further studies suggest that we should better evaluate and understand this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atieh Mirzababaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Mahmoodi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Abaj
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Bahareh Barkhidarian
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Dehghani
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Pardis Khalili
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Roumi
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Zoughaib WS, Fry MJ, Singhal A, Coggan AR. Beetroot juice supplementation and exercise performance: is there more to the story than just nitrate? Front Nutr 2024; 11:1347242. [PMID: 38445207 PMCID: PMC10912565 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1347242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
This mini-review summarizes the comparative effects of different sources of dietary nitrate (NO3-), beetroot juice (BRJ) and nitrate salts (NIT), on physiological function and exercise capacity. Our objectives were to determine whether BRJ is superior to NIT in enhancing exercise-related outcomes, and to explore the potential contribution of other putatively beneficial compounds in BRJ beyond NO3-. We conducted a comparative analysis of recent studies focused on the impact of BRJ versus NIT on submaximal oxygen consumption (VO2), endurance performance, adaptations to training, and recovery from muscle-damaging exercise. While both NO3- sources provide benefits, there is some evidence that BRJ may offer additional advantages, specifically in reducing VO2 during high-intensity exercise, magnifying performance improvements with training, and improving recovery post-exercise. These reported differences could be due to the hypothesized antioxidant and/or anti-inflammatory properties of BRJ resulting from the rich spectrum of phytonutrients it contains. However, significant limitations to published studies directly comparing BRJ and NIT make it quite challenging to draw any firm conclusions. We provide recommendations to help guide further research into the important question of whether there is more to the story of BRJ than just NO3-.
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Affiliation(s)
- William S. Zoughaib
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Health & Human Sciences, Indiana University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Madison J. Fry
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Health & Human Sciences, Indiana University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Ahaan Singhal
- School of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Andrew R. Coggan
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Health & Human Sciences, Indiana University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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Carvalho LRRA, Boeder AM, Shimari M, Kleschyov AL, Esberg A, Johansson I, Weitzberg E, Lundberg JO, Carlstrom M. Antibacterial mouthwash alters gut microbiome, reducing nutrient absorption and fat accumulation in Western diet-fed mice. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4025. [PMID: 38369624 PMCID: PMC10874955 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54068-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Prolonged use of antibacterial mouthwash is linked to an increased risk of systemic disease. We aimed to investigate if disturbing the oral microbiota would impact the lower gut microbiome with functional effects in diet-induced obesity. Mice were exposed to oral chlorhexidine and fed a Western diet (WD). Food intake and weight gain were monitored, and metabolic function, blood pressure, and microbiota were analyzed. Chlorhexidine reduced the number of viable bacteria in the mouth and lowered species richness in the gut but with proportional enrichment of some bacteria linked to metabolic pathways. In mice fed a Western diet, chlorhexidine reduced weight gain, body fat, steatosis, and plasma insulin without changing caloric intake, while increasing colon triglycerides and proteins, suggesting reduced absorption of these nutrients. The mechanisms behind these effects as well as the link between the oral microbiome and small intestinal function need to be pinpointed. While the short-term effects of chlorhexidine in this model appear beneficial, potential long-term disruptions in the oral and gut microbiota and possible malabsorption should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ariela M Boeder
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, 5B, 17165, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Miho Shimari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, 5B, 17165, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrei L Kleschyov
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, 5B, 17165, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Esberg
- Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Eddie Weitzberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, 5B, 17165, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jon O Lundberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, 5B, 17165, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Mattias Carlstrom
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, 5B, 17165, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Opačić N, Radman S, Dujmović M, Fabek Uher S, Benko B, Toth N, Petek M, Čoga L, Voća S, Šic Žlabur J. Boosting nutritional quality of Urtica dioica L. to resist climate change. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1331327. [PMID: 38425794 PMCID: PMC10901978 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1331327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Introduction More than ever, traditional agricultural practices need a shift towards more resilient, sustainable, modern and adaptable practices that benefit the health of the planet and people. Today's consumers are constantly on the lookout for novel, highly nutritious foods that have a positive impact on their overall health and well-being. Nettle (Urtica dioica L.) is gaining recognition not only as a popular medicinal plant, but also as a desirable green leafy vegetable rich in phytonutrients. As it is difficult and even expensive to control the quality standards of wild-collected plants, the implementation of sustainable cultivation methods, especially hydroponics, with effective greenhouse management could be a possible solution to obtain a standardized product with high nutritional value. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of four nutrient solutions differing in the content of macro- and micronutrients (especially nitrogen, potassium, calcium, magnesium and iron) and two consecutive cuts on the number of leaves, yield, nitrate and mineral content and the content of specialized metabolites of stinging nettle from a floating hydroponic system. Methods Nettle plants were cultivated in a hydroponic system using the floating hydroponics technique. The two-factorial experiment was performed with nutrient solution and consecutive cuts as factors. Results The highest yield (2.49 kg/m2) was achieved after the 1st cut with plants cultivated in the nutrient solution with higher nutrient concentration. All tested nutrient solutions resulted in high levels of minerals and bioactive compounds in the plant material (ascorbic acid content of 102.30 mg/100 g fw and total phenolics content of 465.92 mg GAE/100 g fw), confirming floating hydroponics as a sustainable approach for cultivating nettle with enhanced nutritional value and antioxidant potential. Conclusion It is important to highlight that the nutrient solution with the lowest nutrient composition yielded the highest concentrations of calcium (5.54%) and iron (180.67 mg/kg dw). Furthermore, it exhibited elevated levels of specific phenolic compounds, including caffeoylmaleic acid, ellagic acid, ferulic acid, naringin, and rutin trihydrate. Notably, this solution demonstrated the lowest nitrate content (4225.33 mg/kg fw) in the plant material. Therefore, it can be recommended as a preferable formulation for hydroponic nettle cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevena Opačić
- Department of Vegetable Crops, University of Zagreb Faculty of Agriculture, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sanja Radman
- Department of Vegetable Crops, University of Zagreb Faculty of Agriculture, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mia Dujmović
- Department of Sustainable Technologies and Renewable Energy Sources, University of Zagreb Faculty of Agriculture, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sanja Fabek Uher
- Department of Vegetable Crops, University of Zagreb Faculty of Agriculture, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Božidar Benko
- Department of Vegetable Crops, University of Zagreb Faculty of Agriculture, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nina Toth
- Department of Vegetable Crops, University of Zagreb Faculty of Agriculture, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marko Petek
- Department of Plant Nutrition, University of Zagreb Faculty of Agriculture, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lepomir Čoga
- Department of Plant Nutrition, University of Zagreb Faculty of Agriculture, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sandra Voća
- Department of Sustainable Technologies and Renewable Energy Sources, University of Zagreb Faculty of Agriculture, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jana Šic Žlabur
- Department of Sustainable Technologies and Renewable Energy Sources, University of Zagreb Faculty of Agriculture, Zagreb, Croatia
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Sun Y, Wang X, Li L, Zhong C, Zhang Y, Yang X, Li M, Yang C. The role of gut microbiota in intestinal disease: from an oxidative stress perspective. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1328324. [PMID: 38419631 PMCID: PMC10899708 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1328324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have indicated that gut microbiota-mediated oxidative stress is significantly associated with intestinal diseases such as colorectal cancer, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease. The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been reported to increase when the gut microbiota is dysregulated, especially when several gut bacterial metabolites are present. Although healthy gut microbiota plays a vital role in defending against excessive oxidative stress, intestinal disease is significantly influenced by excessive ROS, and this process is controlled by gut microbiota-mediated immunological responses, DNA damage, and intestinal inflammation. In this review, we discuss the relationship between gut microbiota and intestinal disease from an oxidative stress perspective. In addition, we also provide a summary of the most recent therapeutic approaches for preventing or treating intestinal diseases by modifying gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqi Sun
- Surgery of Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xurui Wang
- Surgery of Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chao Zhong
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatic, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Chengdu Anorectal Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangdong Yang
- Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Chengdu Anorectal Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingyue Li
- Special Needs Outpatient Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Surgery of Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Schulze A, Busse M. Sports Diet and Oral Health in Athletes: A Comprehensive Review. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:319. [PMID: 38399605 PMCID: PMC10890155 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60020319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Food and fluid supply is fundamental for optimal athletic performance but can also be a risk factor for caries, dental erosion, and periodontal diseases, which in turn can impair athletic performance. Many studies have reported a high prevalence of oral diseases in elite athletes, notably dental caries 20-84%, dental erosion 42-59%, gingivitis 58-77%, and periodontal disease 15-41%, caused by frequent consumption of sugars/carbohydrates, polyunsaturated fats, or deficient protein intake. There are three possible major reasons for poor oral health in athletes which are addressed in this review: oxidative stress, sports diet, and oral hygiene. This update particularly summarizes potential sports nutritional effects on athletes' dental health. Overall, sports diet appropriately applied to deliver benefits for performance associated with oral hygiene requirements is necessary to ensure athletes' health. The overall aim is to help athletes, dentists, and nutritionists understand the tangled connections between sports diet, oral health, and oral healthcare to develop mitigation strategies to reduce the risk of dental diseases due to nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antina Schulze
- General Outpatient Clinic of Sports Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
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46
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Webb AJ. "Every beet you take": lowering systolic blood pressure and improving vascular function/exercise capacity via the dietary nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway in patients with COPD. Eur Respir J 2024; 63:2302238. [PMID: 38302179 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02238-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Webb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, London, UK
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Chen WH, Chen CH, Hsu MC, Chang RW, Wang CH, Lee TS. Advances in the molecular mechanisms of statins in regulating endothelial nitric oxide bioavailability: Interlocking biology between eNOS activity and L-arginine metabolism. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116192. [PMID: 38262153 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Statins, inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A, are widely used to treat hypercholesterolemia. In addition, statins have been suggested to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events owing to their pleiotropic effects on the vascular system, including vasodilation, anti-inflammation, anti-coagulation, anti-oxidation, and inhibition of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. The major beneficial effect of statins in maintaining vascular homeostasis is the induction of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability by activating endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) in endothelial cells. The mechanisms underlying the increased NO bioavailability and eNOS activation by statins have been well-established in various fields, including transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation, kinase-dependent phosphorylation and protein-protein interactions. However, the mechanism by which statins affect the metabolism of L-arginine, a precursor of NO biosynthesis, has rarely been discussed. Autophagy, which is crucial for energy homeostasis, regulates endothelial functions, including NO production and angiogenesis, and is a potential therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases. In this review, in addition to summarizing the molecular mechanisms underlying increased NO bioavailability and eNOS activation by statins, we also discuss the effects of statins on the metabolism of L-arginine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hua Chen
- Graduate Institute and Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hui Chen
- Graduate Institute and Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Man-Chen Hsu
- Graduate Institute and Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ru-Wen Chang
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsien Wang
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Tzong-Shyuan Lee
- Graduate Institute and Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Bodie AR, Wythe LA, Dittoe DK, Rothrock MJ, O’Bryan CA, Ricke SC. Alternative Additives for Organic and Natural Ready-to-Eat Meats to Control Spoilage and Maintain Shelf Life: Current Perspectives in the United States. Foods 2024; 13:464. [PMID: 38338599 PMCID: PMC10855140 DOI: 10.3390/foods13030464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Food additives are employed in the food industry to enhance the color, smell, and taste of foods, increase nutritional value, boost processing efficiency, and extend shelf life. Consumers are beginning to prioritize food ingredients that they perceive as supporting a healthy lifestyle, emphasizing ingredients they deem acceptable as alternative or "clean-label" ingredients. Ready-to-eat (RTE) meat products can be contaminated with pathogens and spoilage microorganisms after the cooking step, contributing to food spoilage losses and increasing the risk to consumers for foodborne illnesses. More recently, consumers have advocated for no artificial additives or preservatives, which has led to a search for antimicrobials that meet these demands but do not lessen the safety or quality of RTE meats. Lactates and diacetates are used almost universally to extend the shelf life of RTE meats by reducing spoilage organisms and preventing the outgrowth of the foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. These antimicrobials applied to RTE meats tend to be broad-spectrum in their activities, thus affecting overall microbial ecology. It is to the food processing industry's advantage to target spoilage organisms and pathogens specifically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron R. Bodie
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (A.R.B.); (L.A.W.)
| | - Lindsey A. Wythe
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (A.R.B.); (L.A.W.)
| | - Dana K. Dittoe
- Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA;
| | - Michael J. Rothrock
- Egg Safety and Quality Research Unit, U.S. National Poultry Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service (USDA-ARS), Athens, GA 30605, USA;
| | - Corliss A. O’Bryan
- Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas-Fayetteville, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;
| | - Steven C. Ricke
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (A.R.B.); (L.A.W.)
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Alasmari AM, Alsulayyim AS, Alghamdi SM, Philip KEJ, Buttery SC, Banya WAS, Polkey MI, Armstrong PC, Rickman MJ, Warner TD, Mitchell JA, Hopkinson NS. Oral nitrate supplementation improves cardiovascular risk markers in COPD: ON-BC, a randomised controlled trial. Eur Respir J 2024; 63:2202353. [PMID: 38123239 PMCID: PMC10831142 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02353-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Short-term studies suggest that dietary nitrate (NO3 -) supplementation may improve the cardiovascular risk profile, lowering blood pressure (BP) and enhancing endothelial function. It is not clear if these beneficial effects are sustained and whether they apply in people with COPD, who have a worse cardiovascular profile than those without COPD. Nitrate-rich beetroot juice (NR-BRJ) is a convenient dietary source of nitrate. METHODS The ON-BC trial was a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel group study in stable COPD patients with home systolic BP (SBP) measurement ≥130 mmHg. Participants were randomly allocated (1:1) using computer-generated, block randomisation to either 70 mL NR-BRJ (400 mg NO3 -) (n=40) or an otherwise identical nitrate-depleted placebo juice (0 mg NO3 -) (n=41), once daily for 12 weeks. The primary end-point was between-group change in home SBP measurement. Secondary outcomes included change in 6-min walk distance (6MWD) and measures of endothelial function (reactive hyperaemia index (RHI) and augmentation index normalised to a heart rate of 75 beats·min-1 (AIx75)) using an EndoPAT device. Plasma nitrate and platelet function were also measured. RESULTS Compared with placebo, active treatment lowered SBP (Hodges-Lehmann treatment effect -4.5 (95% CI -5.9- -3.0) mmHg), and improved 6MWD (30.0 (95% CI 15.7-44.2) m; p<0.001), RHI (0.34 (95% CI 0.03-0.63); p=0.03) and AIx75 (-7.61% (95% CI -14.3- -0.95%); p=0.026). CONCLUSIONS In people with COPD, prolonged dietary nitrate supplementation in the form of beetroot juice produces a sustained reduction in BP, associated with an improvement in endothelial function and exercise capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali M Alasmari
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton Campus, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Respiratory Therapy Department, College of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S Alsulayyim
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton Campus, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Respiratory Therapy Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed M Alghamdi
- Clinical Technology Department, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Keir E J Philip
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton Campus, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, London, UK
| | - Sara C Buttery
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton Campus, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Winston A S Banya
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton Campus, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Michael I Polkey
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton Campus, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, London, UK
| | - Paul C Armstrong
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Matthew J Rickman
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Cardiothoracic Pharmacology, Vascular Biology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Timothy D Warner
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Jane A Mitchell
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Cardiothoracic Pharmacology, Vascular Biology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Nicholas S Hopkinson
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton Campus, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Reis A, Rocha BS, Laranjinha J, de Freitas V. Dietary (poly)phenols as modulators of the biophysical properties in endothelial cell membranes: its impact on nitric oxide bioavailability in hypertension. FEBS Lett 2024. [PMID: 38281810 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Hypertension is a major contributor to premature death, owing to the associated increased risk of damage to the heart, brain and kidneys. Although hypertension is manageable by medication and lifestyle changes, the risk increases with age. In an increasingly aged society, the incidence of hypertension is escalating, and is expected to increase the prevalence of (cerebro)vascular events and their associated mortality. Adherence to plant-based diets improves blood pressure and vascular markers in individuals with hypertension. Food flavonoids have an inhibitory effect towards angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE1) and although this effect is greatly diminished upon metabolization, their microbial metabolites have been found to improve endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity. Considering the transmembrane location of ACE1 and eNOS, the ability of (poly)phenols to interact with membrane lipids modulate the cell membrane's biophysical properties and impact on nitric oxide (· NO) synthesis and bioavailability, remain poorly studied. Herein, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on the lipid remodeling of endothelial membranes with age, its impact on the cell membrane's biophysical properties and · NO permeability across the endothelial barrier. We also discuss the potential of (poly)phenols and other plant-based compounds as key players in hypertension management, and address the caveats and challenges in adopted methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Reis
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Barbara S Rocha
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Polo das Ciências da Saúde, Portugal
| | - João Laranjinha
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Polo das Ciências da Saúde, Portugal
| | - Victor de Freitas
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
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