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Arbizu S, Mertens-Talcott SU, Talcott S, Noratto GD. Effect of dark sweet cherry ( Prunus avium) supplementation on the fecal microbiota, metabolic endotoxemia, and intestinal permeability in obese subjects: a single-blind randomized trial. Food Funct 2024. [PMID: 39228354 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo01650e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
This single blind placebo-controlled study has as its main objectives to investigate the influence of dark sweet cherries (DSC) consumption on obesity-related dysbiosis, metabolic endotoxemia, and intestinal permeability. Participants (>18 years old, BMI: 30-40 kg m-2) consumed 200 mL of DSC juice with 3 g of DSC powder (n = 19) or a placebo drink (n = 21) twice per day for 30 days. The gut microbiota abundance was investigated using 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing on fecal DNA. Metabolic endotoxemia was evaluated by measuring lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) in fasting plasma samples. Intestinal permeability was assessed using the lactulose/mannitol (L/M) test and by measuring regeneration islet-derived protein 4 (REG4), and interleukin-22 (IL-22) mRNA levels in stool samples. Results showed that DSC supplementation decreased the abundance of Anaerostipes hadrus (p = 0.02) and Blautia (p = 0.04), whose changes were significant in BMI ≥ 35 participants (p = 0.004 and p = 0.006, respectively). Additionally, DSC prevented the increase of Alistipes shahii (p = 0.005) and Bilophila (p = 0.01) compared to placebo. Notably, DSC intervention favored the abundance of bacteria supporting a healthy gut ecosystem such as Roseburia intestinalis (p = 0.01), Turicibacter (p = 0.01), and Bacteroides vulgatus (p = 0.003) throughout the intervention, along with Clostridium leptum (p = 0.03) compared to placebo. The LBP, L/M ratio, REG-4 and IL-22 mRNA levels remained unchanged in placebo and cherry groups, implying that participants did not experience alterations in intestinal permeability. These findings highlight the potential gut-health benefits of DSC and encourage future research among individuals with BMI ≥ 35 and increased intestinal permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Arbizu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
| | | | - Stephen Talcott
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
| | - Giuliana D Noratto
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
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Ou X, Chen J, Li B, Yang Y, Liu X, Xu Z, Xiang X, Wang Q. Multiomics reveals the ameliorating effect and underlying mechanism of aqueous extracts of polygonatum sibiricum rhizome on obesity and liver fat accumulation in high-fat diet-fed mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 132:155843. [PMID: 38971026 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharides protect against obesity and NAFLD. However, the potential effects of PS rhizome aqueous extracts (PSRwe) on adiposity and hepatic lipid accumulation remains unexplored. PURPOSE Elucidating the impact and underlying mechanism of PSRwe on HFD-induced obesity and liver fat depostition. STUDY DESIGN 56 male mice, aged eight weeks, were divided into seven groups: Positive, four doses of PSRwe, Model, and Control. HFD was fed for eight weeks, followed by alternate-day gavage of orlistat and PSRwe for an additional eight-week period. Integrative analysis encompassing multiomics, physiological and histopathological, and biochemical indexes was employed. METHODS Body weight (BW); liver, fat and Lee's indexes; TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, AST, ALT, FFA, leptin, and adiponectin in the liver and blood; TNFα, IL-6, and LPS in the colon, plasma, and liver; H&E, PAS and oil red O staining on adipose and liver samples were examined. OGTT and ITT were conducted The gut microbiome, microbial metabolome, colonic and liver transcriptome, plasma and liver metabolites were investigated. RESULTS PSRwe at the dosage of 7.5 mg/kg demonstrated significant and consistent reduction in BW and hepatic fat deposition than orlistat. PSRwe significantly decreased TC, TG, LDL-C, LEP, FFA levels in blood and liver. PSRwe significantly enhanced the relative abundance of probiotics including Akkermansia muciniphila, Bifidobacterium pseudolongum, Lactobacillus reuteri, and metabolic pathways including glycolysis and fatty acids β-oxidation. The 70 up-regulated microbial metabolites in PSRwe-treated mice mainly involved in nucleotides and amino acids metabolism, while 40 decreased metabolites primarily associated with lipid metabolism. The up-regulated colonic differentially expressed genes (DEGs) participate in JAK-STAT/PI3K-Akt/FoxO signaling pathway, serotonergic/cholinergic/glutamatergic synapses, while the down-regulated DEGs predominantly focused on fat absorption and transport. The up-regulated liver DEGs mainly concentrated on fatty acid oxidation and metabolism. Liver metabolisms revealed 131 differential metabolites, among which carnitine and oxidized lipids significantly increased in PSRwe-treated mice. In plasma, the 58 up-regulated metabolites mainly participate in co-factors/vitamins metabolism while 154 down-regulated ones in fatty acids biosynthesis. Comprehensive multiomics association analysis revealed significant associations between gut microbiota and colonic/liver gene expression, and suggested exogenous and endogenous betaine may be active compound in alleviating HFD-induced symptoms. CONCLUSION PSRwe effectively mitigate HFD-induced obesity and hepatic steatosis by increasing beneficial bacteria, reducing colonic fat digestion/absorption, increasing hepatic lipid metabolism, and elevating betaine levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Ou
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Protection and Utlization for Biological Resources and Ecological Restoration in Longdong, Longdong University, Qingyang 745000, Gansu, China; College of Life Sciences and Technology, Longdong University, Qingyang 745000, Gansu, China.
| | - Juanjuan Chen
- Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Boping Li
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Protection and Utlization for Biological Resources and Ecological Restoration in Longdong, Longdong University, Qingyang 745000, Gansu, China; College of Medicine, Longdong University, Qingyang 745000, Gansu, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Xiuli Liu
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Protection and Utlization for Biological Resources and Ecological Restoration in Longdong, Longdong University, Qingyang 745000, Gansu, China; College of Life Sciences and Technology, Longdong University, Qingyang 745000, Gansu, China
| | - Zaoxu Xu
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Protection and Utlization for Biological Resources and Ecological Restoration in Longdong, Longdong University, Qingyang 745000, Gansu, China; College of Life Sciences and Technology, Longdong University, Qingyang 745000, Gansu, China
| | - Xuesong Xiang
- National Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China.
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Maukonen M, Koponen KK, Havulinna AS, Kaartinen NE, Niiranen T, Méric G, Pajari AM, Knight R, Salomaa V, Männistö S. Associations of plant-based foods, red and processed meat, and dairy with gut microbiome in Finnish adults. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:2247-2260. [PMID: 38753173 PMCID: PMC11377619 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03406-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Population-based studies on the associations of plant-based foods, red meat or dairy with gut microbiome are scarce. We examined whether the consumption of plant-based foods (vegetables, potatoes, fruits, cereals), red and processed meat (RPM) or dairy (fermented milk, cheese, other dairy products) are related to gut microbiome in Finnish adults. METHODS We utilized data from the National FINRISK/FINDIET 2002 Study (n = 1273, aged 25-64 years, 55% women). Diet was assessed with 48-hour dietary recalls. Gut microbiome was analyzed using shallow shotgun sequencing. We applied multivariate analyses with linear models and permutational ANOVAs adjusted for relevant confounders. RESULTS Fruit consumption was positively (beta = 0.03, SE = 0.01, P = 0.04), while a dairy subgroup including milk, cream and ice-creams was inversely associated (beta=-0.03, SE 0.01, P = 0.02) with intra-individual gut microbiome diversity (alpha-diversity). Plant-based foods (R2 = 0.001, P = 0.03) and dairy (R2 = 0.002, P = 0.01) but not RPM (R2 = 0.001, P = 0.38) contributed to the compositional differences in gut microbiome (beta-diversity). Plant-based foods were associated with several butyrate producers/cellulolytic species including Roseburia hominis. RPM associations included an inverse association with R. hominis. Dairy was positively associated with several lactic producing/probiotic species including Lactobacillus delbrueckii and potentially opportunistic pathogens including Citrobacter freundii. Dairy, fermented milk, vegetables, and cereals were associated with specific microbial functions. CONCLUSION Our results suggest a potential association between plant-based foods and dairy or their subgroups with microbial diversity measures. Furthermore, our findings indicated that all the food groups were associated with distinct overall microbial community compositions. Plant-based food consumption particularly was associated with a larger number of putative beneficial species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirkka Maukonen
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Kari K Koponen
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aki S Havulinna
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM-HiLIFE, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Teemu Niiranen
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Guillaume Méric
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Rob Knight
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Satu Männistö
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
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Zikou E, Koliaki C, Makrilakis K. The Role of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) in the Management of Metabolic Diseases in Humans: A Narrative Review. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1871. [PMID: 39200335 PMCID: PMC11352194 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12081871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota represents a complex ecosystem of trillions of microorganisms residing in the human gastrointestinal tract, which is known to interact with the host physiology and regulate multiple functions. Alterations in gut microbial composition, diversity, and function are referred to as dysbiosis. Dysbiosis has been associated with a variety of chronic diseases, including Clostridioides difficile infections, but also cardiometabolic diseases, including obesity, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The implication of gut microbiota dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of both obesity and T2DM has paved the way to implementing novel therapeutic approaches for metabolic diseases through gut microbial reconfiguration. These interventions include probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics, while a more innovative approach has been fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). FMT is a procedure that delivers healthy human donor stool to another individual through the gastrointestinal tract, aiming to restore gut microbiota balance. Several studies have investigated this approach as a potential tool to mitigate the adverse metabolic effects of gut microbiota aberrations associated with obesity and T2DM. The aim of the present review was to critically summarize the existing evidence regarding the clinical applications of FMT in the management of obesity and T2DM and provide an update on the potential of this method to remodel the entire host microbiota, leading thus to weight loss and sustained metabolic benefits. Safety issues, long-term efficacy, limitations, and pitfalls associated with FMT studies are further discussed, emphasizing the need for further research and standardization in certain methodological aspects in order to optimize metabolic outcomes.
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Xie X, Zhang M, Luo H. Regulation of metabolism by circadian rhythms: Support from time-restricted eating, intestinal microbiota & omics analysis. Life Sci 2024; 351:122814. [PMID: 38857654 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Circadian oscillatory system plays a key role in coordinating the metabolism of most organisms. Perturbation of genetic effects and misalignment of circadian rhythms result in circadian dysfunction and signs of metabolic disorders. The eating-fasting cycle can act on the peripheral circadian clocks, bypassing the photoperiod. Therefore, time-restricted eating (TRE) can improve metabolic health by adjusting eating rhythms, a process achieved through reprogramming of circadian genomes and metabolic programs at different tissue levels or remodeling of the intestinal microbiota, with omics technology allowing visualization of the regulatory processes. Here, we review recent advances in circadian regulation of metabolism, focus on the potential application of TRE for rescuing circadian dysfunction and metabolic disorders with the contribution of intestinal microbiota in between, and summarize the significance of omics technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, PR China
| | - Mengjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, PR China
| | - Hailing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, PR China.
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Mabrok HB, Ramadan AA, Hamed IM, Mohamed DA. Obesity as Inducer of Cognitive Function Decline via Dysbiosis of Gut Microbiota in Rats. Brain Sci 2024; 14:807. [PMID: 39199499 PMCID: PMC11353248 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14080807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Diet-induced obesity is a global phenomenon that affects the population worldwide with manifestations at both the phenotypic and genotypic levels. Cognitive function decline is a major global health challenge. The relation between obesity and cognitive function is a debatable issue. The main goal of the current research was to study the implications of obesity on cognitive function and gut microbiota diversity and its impact on plasma and brain metabolic parameters in rats. Obesity was induced in rats by feeding on a high-fat (HF) or a high-fat/high-sucrose (HFHS) diet. The results reveal that both the HF (0.683) and HFHS (0.688) diets were effective as obesity inducers, which was confirmed by a significant increase in the body mass index (BMI). Both diet groups showed dyslipidemia and elevation of oxidative stress, insulin resistance (IR), and inflammatory markers with alterations in liver and kidney functions. Obesity led to a reduction in cognitive function through a reduction in short-term memory by 23.8% and 30.7% in the rats fed HF and HFHS diets, respectively, and learning capacity and visuo-spatial memory reduced by 8.9 and 9.7 s in the rats fed an HF or HFHS diet, respectively. Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria, and Spirochaetes phyla were detected. The Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio (F/B) significantly decreased in the HF group, while it increased in the HFHS group compared to the normal control. The two species, Bacteroides acidifaciens and Bacteroides ovatus, which are associated with IR, were drastically compromised by the high-fat/high-sucrose diet. Some species that have been linked to reduced inflammation showed a sharp decrease in the HFHS group, while Prevotella copri, which is linked to carbohydrate metabolism, was highly enriched. In conclusion: Obesity led to cognitive impairment through changes in short-term and visuo-spatial memory. A metagenomic analysis revealed alterations in the abundance of some microbial taxa associated with obesity, inflammation, and insulin resistance in the HF and HFHS groups.
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Grants
- a626035bfd925943, 4c6c6a0dc9645904, 175e6bf937114ef5, 18dca4e8f29e587c, aaf09103eb8bd6ee, 3740a1d4a23d772f, 1b07773fd3c8c954, 4f8fa1a570a3a4b7, 490e7e4e51713e71, 1e87a07edec11a96, 7642f29d62c1068b, c06bc3bf279a8491, c78b30a55528e880, e160d996ffb69ed4, 133 Discount Vouchers
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Doha A. Mohamed
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, Food Industries and Nutrition Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt; (H.B.M.); (A.A.R.); (I.M.H.)
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Mateș L, Banc R, Zaharie FA, Rusu ME, Popa DS. Mechanistic Insights into the Biological Effects and Antioxidant Activity of Walnut ( Juglans regia L.) Ellagitannins: A Systematic Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:974. [PMID: 39199220 PMCID: PMC11351988 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13080974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Walnuts (Juglans regia L.) are an important source of ellagitannins. They have been linked to positive effects on many pathologies, including cardiovascular disorders, neurodegenerative syndromes, and cancer. The limited bioavailability of ellagitannins prevents them from reaching significant circulatory levels, despite their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and chemopreventive properties. Urolithins are ellagitannin gut microbiota-derived metabolites. They have better intestinal absorption and may be responsible for the biological activities of ellagitannins. Recent evidence showed that walnut ellagitannins and their metabolites, urolithins, could have positive outcomes for human health. This study aims to synthesize the current literature on the antioxidant activity and mechanistic pathways involved in the therapeutic potential of walnut ellagitannins and their metabolites. In the eligible selected studies (n = 31), glansreginin A, pedunculagin, and casuarictin were the most prevalent ellagitannins in walnuts. A total of 15 urolithins, their glucuronides, and sulfate metabolites have been identified in urine, blood, feces, breast milk, and prostate tissue in analyzed samples. Urolithins A and B were associated with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, anticarcinogenic, and anti-aging activities, both in preclinical and clinical studies. Despite the promising results, further well-designed studies are necessary to fully elucidate the mechanisms and confirm the therapeutic potential of these compounds in human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letiția Mateș
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Louis Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.M.); (D.-S.P.)
| | - Roxana Banc
- Department of Bromatology, Hygiene, Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Louis Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Flaviu Andrei Zaharie
- Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Marius Emil Rusu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 12 Ion Creangǎ Street, 400010 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Daniela-Saveta Popa
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Louis Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.M.); (D.-S.P.)
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Hernández-Pérez T, Paredes-López O. Selected Mesoamerican Crops - Anti-Obesity Potential and Health Promotion. A Review. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2024:10.1007/s11130-024-01211-9. [PMID: 39105985 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-024-01211-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Mesoamerica is the center of origin of a great number of food crops that nowadays are part of a healthy diet. Pre-Columbian civilizations utilized more than 90% of these foods as ingredient or in main dishes, as well as for remedies and religious ceremonies. Since several years ago, Mesoamerican foods have been recognized by their outstanding concentration of bioactive compounds, including, phenolic compounds, pigments, essential fatty acids, amino acids, peptides, carbohydrates and vitamins, which provide a great number of health benefits. As a result of their unique composition, these ancient crops have several positive effects, such as hypoglycemic, antioxidant, anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, anti-ageing, neuroprotective, anti-diarrheal, and anti-hypercholesterolemic capacity. Hence, this review is focused mainly in the anti-obesity and antioxidant potential of some of the most cultivated, harvested, as well as commercialized and consumed, food crops native of Mesoamerica, like, nopal and its fruit (Opuntia ficus indica spp.), chia (Salvia hispanica L.), pumpkin (Cucurbita spp.) and cacao (Theobroma cacao).
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Affiliation(s)
- Talía Hernández-Pérez
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (Instituto Politécnico Nacional), Irapuato, Guanajuato, 36824, México
| | - Octavio Paredes-López
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (Instituto Politécnico Nacional), Irapuato, Guanajuato, 36824, México.
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Masoumi M, Jafarzadeh A, Hadavi H, Nikoyan P, Falahati-Pour SK, Askari N, Mirzaei V. Human Gut Microbiome Before and After Bariatric Surgery in Obese Patients with and Without Type 2 Diabetes. Obes Surg 2024:10.1007/s11695-024-07364-5. [PMID: 38913272 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-024-07364-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bariatric surgery, a significant intervention for obesity, may influence weight loss through changes in gut microbiota, particularly the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. This study explores these potential shifts and their metabolic implications. MATERIALS We conducted a cross-sectional study involving patients who had undergone bariatric surgery. Stool samples were collected at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months post-operation. We performed DNA extraction and quantified the bacterial phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes to assess changes in the gut microbiota over time. RESULTS Our research revealed a significant alteration in the gut microbiota following bariatric surgery. In diabetic individuals, there was a marked increase in the average number of Firmicutes bacteria at both 3 and 6 months post-operation, compared to pre-surgery levels. In contrast, non-diabetic subjects experienced a notable decrease in Firmicutes during the same timeframe. Regarding Bacteroidetes bacteria, the trend was reversed; diabetic patients showed a significant reduction, while non-diabetics exhibited an increase after the surgery. These findings highlight the dynamic changes in gut microbiota composition associated with bariatric surgery and its potential link to metabolic changes post-operation. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that obesity alters the gut's microbial composition. The observed bacterial fluctuations, particularly in the dominant Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes groups, are likely contributors to the weight loss experienced post-surgery. This alteration in gut bacteria underscores the complex interplay between microbiota and metabolic health, highlighting potential avenues for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Masoumi
- Student Research Committee, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Pistachio Safety Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Abdollah Jafarzadeh
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Hadi Hadavi
- Department of Surgery, Shahid Bahonar Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Payam Nikoyan
- Kerman Mehregan Bariatric Surgery Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Nahid Askari
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Sciences and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
| | - Vahid Mirzaei
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Ali-Ibn Abi-Talib Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
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Zabolotneva AA, Kolesnikova IM, Vasiliev IY, Grigoryeva TV, Roumiantsev SA, Shestopalov AV. The Obesogenic Gut Microbiota as a Crucial Factor Defining the Depletion of Predicted Enzyme Abundance for Vitamin B12 Synthesis in the Mouse Intestine. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1280. [PMID: 38927487 PMCID: PMC11201498 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, obesity is a critical global public health burden. Numerous studies have demonstrated the regulation of the pathogenesis of obesity and metabolic abnormalities by the gut microbiota and microbial factors; however, their involvement in the various degrees of obesity is not yet well understood. Previously, obesity has been shown to be associated with decreased levels of vitamin B12. Considering exclusive microbial production of vitamin B12, we hypothesized that a decrease in cobalamin levels in obese individuals may be at least partially caused by its depleted production in the intestinal tract by the commensal microbiota. In the present study, our aim was to estimate the abundance of enzymes and metabolic pathways for vitamin B12 synthesis in the gut microbiota of mouse models of alimentary and genetically determined obesity, to evaluate the contribution of the obesogenic microbiome to vitamin B12 synthesis in the gut. We have defined a significantly lower predicted abundance of enzymes and metabolic pathways for vitamin B12 biosynthesis in obese mice compared to non-obese mice, wherein enzyme depletion was more pronounced in lepr(-/-) (db/db) mice, which developed severe obesity. The predicted abundance of enzymes involved in cobalamin synthesis is strongly correlated with the representation of several microbes in high-fat diet-fed mice, while there were almost no correlations in db/db mice. Therefore, the degree of obesity and the composition of the correspondent microbiota are the main contributors to the representation of genes and pathways for cobalamin biosynthesis in the mouse gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia A. Zabolotneva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 1 Ostrovitianov Str., Moscow 117997, Russia; (I.M.K.); (S.A.R.); (A.V.S.)
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Signaling Pathways, Endocrinology Research Center, 11 Dm. Ulyanova Str., Moscow 117036, Russia; (I.Y.V.); (T.V.G.)
| | - Irina M. Kolesnikova
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 1 Ostrovitianov Str., Moscow 117997, Russia; (I.M.K.); (S.A.R.); (A.V.S.)
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Signaling Pathways, Endocrinology Research Center, 11 Dm. Ulyanova Str., Moscow 117036, Russia; (I.Y.V.); (T.V.G.)
| | - Ilya Yu. Vasiliev
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Signaling Pathways, Endocrinology Research Center, 11 Dm. Ulyanova Str., Moscow 117036, Russia; (I.Y.V.); (T.V.G.)
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Str., Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Tatiana V. Grigoryeva
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Signaling Pathways, Endocrinology Research Center, 11 Dm. Ulyanova Str., Moscow 117036, Russia; (I.Y.V.); (T.V.G.)
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Str., Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Sergei A. Roumiantsev
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 1 Ostrovitianov Str., Moscow 117997, Russia; (I.M.K.); (S.A.R.); (A.V.S.)
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Signaling Pathways, Endocrinology Research Center, 11 Dm. Ulyanova Str., Moscow 117036, Russia; (I.Y.V.); (T.V.G.)
| | - Aleksandr V. Shestopalov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 1 Ostrovitianov Str., Moscow 117997, Russia; (I.M.K.); (S.A.R.); (A.V.S.)
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Signaling Pathways, Endocrinology Research Center, 11 Dm. Ulyanova Str., Moscow 117036, Russia; (I.Y.V.); (T.V.G.)
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11
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Isokääntä H, Pinto da Silva L, Karu N, Kallonen T, Aatsinki AK, Hankemeier T, Schimmel L, Diaz E, Hyötyläinen T, Dorrestein PC, Knight R, Orešič M, Kaddurah-Daouk R, Dickens AM, Lamichhane S. Comparative Metabolomics and Microbiome Analysis of Ethanol versus OMNImet/gene•GUT Fecal Stabilization. Anal Chem 2024; 96:8893-8904. [PMID: 38782403 PMCID: PMC11154662 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Metabolites from feces provide important insights into the functionality of the gut microbiome. As immediate freezing is not always feasible in gut microbiome studies, there is a need for sampling protocols that provide the stability of the fecal metabolome and microbiome at room temperature (RT). Here, we investigated the stability of various metabolites and the microbiome (16S rRNA) in feces collected in 95% ethanol (EtOH) and commercially available sample collection kits with specific preservatives OMNImet•GUT/OMNIgene•GUT. To simulate field-collection scenarios, the samples were stored at different temperatures at varying durations (24 h + 4 °C, 24 h RT, 36 h RT, 48 h RT, and 7 days RT) and compared to aliquots immediately frozen at -80 °C. We applied several targeted and untargeted metabolomics platforms to measure lipids, polar metabolites, endocannabinoids, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and bile acids (BAs). We found that SCFAs in the nonstabilized samples increased over time, while a stable profile was recorded in sample aliquots stored in 95% EtOH and OMNImet•GUT. When comparing the metabolite levels between aliquots stored at room temperature and at +4 °C, we detected several changes in microbial metabolites, including multiple BAs and SCFAs. Taken together, we found that storing samples at RT and stabilizing them in 95% EtOH yielded metabolomic results comparable to those from flash freezing. We also found that the overall composition of the microbiome did not vary significantly between different storage types. However, notable differences were observed in the α diversity. Altogether, the stability of the metabolome and microbiome in 95% EtOH provided results similar to those of the validated commercial collection kits OMNImet•GUT and OMNIgene•GUT, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Isokääntä
- Research
Center for Infections and Immunity, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Lucas Pinto da Silva
- Turku
Bioscience Centre, University of Turku, Tykistönkatu 6A, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Naama Karu
- Metabolomics
and Analytics Centre, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden 2333 CC, The Netherlands
| | - Teemu Kallonen
- Department
of Clinical Microbiology, Laboratory Division, Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 10 D, 20520 Turku, Finland
- Clinical
Microbiome Bank, Microbe Center, University
Hospital and University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Anna-Katariina Aatsinki
- Centre
for
Population Health Research, University of
Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu
10A, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Thomas Hankemeier
- Metabolomics
and Analytics Centre, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden 2333 CC, The Netherlands
| | - Leyla Schimmel
- Department
of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke
University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0187, United States
| | - Edgar Diaz
- Department
of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke
University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0187, United States
| | - Tuulia Hyötyläinen
- School
of Science and Technology, Örebro
University, 70281 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Pieter C. Dorrestein
- Center
for Microbiome Innovation, University of
California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-6607, United States
- Collaborative
Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and
Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California,
San Diego, 9500 Gilman, La Jolla, California 92093-0657, United States
| | - Rob Knight
- Center
for Microbiome Innovation, University of
California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-6607, United States
| | - Matej Orešič
- Turku
Bioscience Centre, University of Turku, Tykistönkatu 6A, 20520 Turku, Finland
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, 702 81 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Rima Kaddurah-Daouk
- Department
of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke
University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0187, United States
| | - Alex M. Dickens
- Turku
Bioscience Centre, University of Turku, Tykistönkatu 6A, 20520 Turku, Finland
- Department of Chemistry, University of
Turku, Henrikinkatu 2, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Santosh Lamichhane
- Turku
Bioscience Centre, University of Turku, Tykistönkatu 6A, 20520 Turku, Finland
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12
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Irani H, Abiri B, Khodami B, Yari Z, Lafzi Ghazi M, Hosseinzadeh N, Saidpour A. Effect of time restricted feeding on anthropometric measures, eating behavior, stress, serum levels of BDNF and LBP in overweight/obese women with food addiction: a randomized clinical trial. Nutr Neurosci 2024; 27:577-589. [PMID: 37436939 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2023.2234704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIM Food addiction (FA) as a specific food-related behavior may play an essential role in the pathogenesis of obesity. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and gut microbiota (GM) alterations probably through fasting are closely related to brain function, affecting eating behaviors and body weight management. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of time-restricted feeding (TRF) on serum BDNF levels and eating behaviors in overweight and obese women with FA. METHODS AND DESIGN This clinical trial was performed with a 2-month follow-up on 56 obese and overweight women with FA. Participants were randomly divided into two groups receiving a low-calorie diet (n = 27) and a group receiving a low-calorie diet with TRF (n = 29). Anthropometric measurements, biochemical markers, eating behavior, and stress were assessed during the study period. RESULTS The reductions in weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and body fat mass were significantly higher in the TRF group compared to the control group at week 8 (P = 0.018, P = 0.015. P = 0.03, and P = 0.036, respectively). The cognitive restriction score was higher in the TRF as compared with the control group (P = 0.002). The food addiction criteria score was significantly reduced in both groups (P < 0.001). Serum levels of BDNF were significantly increased in the TRF group (P < 0.001). In addition, BDNF levels had a positive and significant correlation with the cognitive restriction score (r = 0.468 and P < 0.001), While the correlation with FA was not significant (β = 0.588 and P = 0.618). Lipopolysaccharide binding protein decreased significantly in both groups, but this decrease was significantly higher in the TRF group than in the control group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION The results of this study showed that a low-calorie diet with TRF is more effective in weight management than a low-calorie diet alone, probably through further modulating the GM and improving BDNF levels. More effective weight loss in the TRF is probably related to better management of eating behavior than FA. TRIAL REGISTRATION Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials identifier: IRCT20131228015968N7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanieh Irani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnaz Abiri
- Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Banafsheh Khodami
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Yari
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Lafzi Ghazi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Hosseinzadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atoosa Saidpour
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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13
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Teo YQJ, Chong B, Soong RY, Yong CL, Chew NW, Chew HSJ. Effects of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics on anthropometric, cardiometabolic and inflammatory markers: An umbrella review of meta-analyses. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:1563-1583. [PMID: 38754308 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Though probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics have been shown to confer health benefits, their effects on cardiometabolic risk factors remain unclear. Therefore, we conducted an umbrella review to examine their effectiveness on anthropometric, cardiometabolic and inflammatory markers. METHODS We conducted an umbrella review on eligible systematic reviews with meta-analysis (SRMA) published from journals' inception till 13 January 2023 retrieved from seven electronic databases (CINAHL, EMBASE, ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus, The Cochrane Library, and Web of Science). Methodological quality was appraised using the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR2) tool and certainty of evidence was graded into five classes. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed on outcome effect sizes at the SRMA and primary study levels. Extent of overlapping articles were evaluated using corrected cover area. RESULTS 24 systematic reviews representing 265 unique studies, 1076 unique effect sizes and 25,973 subjects were included. Synbiotics were evidently more effective in improving weight (-1.91 kg, 95%CI -3.45 kg to -0.37 kg, p = 0.02), total cholesterol (-12.17 mg/dl, 95%CI -17.89 mg/dl to -6.46 mg/dl, p < 0.001), low-density lipoprotein (-12.26 mg/dl, 95%CI -18.27 mg/dl to -6.25 mg/dl, p < 0.01), waist circumference (-1.85 cm, 95%CI -2.77 cm to -0.94 cm, p < 0.01), and fasting plasma glucose (-9.68 mg/dl, 95%CI -16.18 mg/dl to -3.18 mg/dl, p < 0.01). Prebiotics were more effective in improving body mass index (-0.34 kg/m2, 95%CI -0.48 kg/m2 to -0.20 kg/m2, p < 0.01), and HOMA-IR (-0.92, 95%CI -1.91 to 0.07, p = 0.06). Probiotics were shown to be more effective in reducing diastolic blood pressure (-1.34 mmHg, 95%CI -2.14 mmHg to -0.55 mmHg, P < 0.01) improving insulin level change (-0.84 mIU/mL, 95%CI -1.27 mIU/mL to -0.41 mIU/mL, p < 0.01), and the percentage of body fat (-0.66%, 95%CI -0.70% to -0.61%, p < 0.01). For all outcomes, the credibility of evidence was classified as class IV. CONCLUSION Pre-, pro-, and synbiotics can significantly enhance anthropometric indices, glucose and lipid profiles, blood pressure, and inflammatory markers in individuals confronting obesity. While suggesting their supplementation holds promise for this population, the true clinical impact hinges on tailoring these interventions to specific indications and customizing treatment strategies to align with individual patient needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Qing Jolene Teo
- University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Ireland
| | - Bryan Chong
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rou Yi Soong
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cai Ling Yong
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nicholas Ws Chew
- Department of Cardiology, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Han Shi Jocelyn Chew
- Alice Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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14
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Nkeck JR, Tchuisseu-Kwangoua AL, Pelda A, Tamko WC, Hamadjoda S, Essama DB, Fojo B, Niasse M, Diallo S, Ngandeu-Singwé M. Current Approaches to Prevent or Reverse Microbiome Dysbiosis in Chronic Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases. Mediterr J Rheumatol 2024; 35:220-233. [PMID: 39211023 PMCID: PMC11350408 DOI: 10.31138/mjr.240224.cap] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Advances in knowledge of the microbiome and its relationship with the immune system have led to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases (CIRD). Indeed, the microbiome dysbiosis now occupies a particular place with implications for the determinism and clinical expression of CIRD, as well as the therapeutic response of affected patients. Several approaches exist to limit the impact of the microbiome during CIRD. This review aimed to present current strategies to prevent or reverse microbiome dysbiosis based on existing knowledge, in order to provide practical information to healthcare professionals treating patients suffering from CIRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan René Nkeck
- Yaoundé Rheumatology Research Team, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Ange Larissa Tchuisseu-Kwangoua
- Yaoundé Rheumatology Research Team, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Adeline Pelda
- Yaoundé Rheumatology Research Team, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Rheumatology Unit, Yaoundé Central Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Wilson Chia Tamko
- Yaoundé Rheumatology Research Team, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Rheumatology Unit, Yaoundé Central Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Saquinatou Hamadjoda
- Yaoundé Rheumatology Research Team, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Rheumatology Unit, Yaoundé Central Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Doris Bibi Essama
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Baudelaire Fojo
- Yaoundé Rheumatology Research Team, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Rheumatology Unit, Yaoundé Central Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Moustapha Niasse
- Department of Rheumatology, Dantec Teaching Hospital, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Saïdou Diallo
- Department of Rheumatology, Dantec Teaching Hospital, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Madeleine Ngandeu-Singwé
- Yaoundé Rheumatology Research Team, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Rheumatology Unit, Yaoundé Central Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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15
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Damigou E, Georgoulis M, Chrysohoou C, Barkas F, Vlachopoulou E, Adamidis PS, Kravvariti E, Tsioufis C, Pitsavos C, Liberopoulos E, Sfikakis PP, Panagiotakos D. Mediterranean-Type Diet Adherence and Body Mass Index through 20 Years of Follow-Up: Results from the ATTICA Cohort Study (2002-2022). Nutrients 2024; 16:1128. [PMID: 38674819 PMCID: PMC11054262 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Evidence of the association between dietary habits and long-term body weight status is scarce. This study aimed to evaluate changes in Mediterranean-type diet (MTD) adherence in relation to body weight during 20 years of follow-up. Data from n = 1582 participants from the ATTICA cohort study (2002-2022) were used. MTD adherence was assessed via MedDietScore, and body weight status via body mass index (BMI) by 3 different measurements. We found that MTD adherence and changes in this adherence were inversely related to BMI at 20 years and the mean BMI during the 20-year follow-up. In multi-adjusted linear regression models, a 1/55 increase in baseline, 10-year, and 20-year MedDietScore was associated with a decrease of 0.05-0.13 kg/m2 in BMI at 20 years and of 0.08-0.09 kg/m2 in the mean BMI. Being consistently close to the MTD for 20 years was associated with a >90% decreased risk of maintaining overweight/obesity during the 20-year period. Strong, protective, long-lasting effects of the MTD were observed, even in those who deviated from the MTD in the follow-up (41% of the sample). Our results highlight the need to focus on the overall diet quality to minimize the risk of maintaining an excessive body weight during the life-course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Damigou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece; (E.D.); (M.G.)
| | - Michael Georgoulis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece; (E.D.); (M.G.)
| | - Christina Chrysohoou
- First Cardiology Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Fotios Barkas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Elpiniki Vlachopoulou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece; (E.D.); (M.G.)
| | - Petros S. Adamidis
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Evrydiki Kravvariti
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Costas Tsioufis
- First Cardiology Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Pitsavos
- First Cardiology Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Liberopoulos
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Petros P. Sfikakis
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Demosthenes Panagiotakos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece; (E.D.); (M.G.)
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16
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Naqvi M, Fineide F, Utheim TP, Charnock C. Culture- and non-culture-based approaches reveal unique features of the ocular microbiome in dry eye patients. Ocul Surf 2024; 32:123-129. [PMID: 38354907 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate the ocular microbiome in individuals with dry eye disease and to identify features of their ocular microbiome of possible health and diagnostic significance. METHODS Conjunctival samples were collected from both eyes in duplicate from 91 individuals (61 dry eye, 30 healthy) and used for both culture-dependent and culture-independent analyses. Samples were either analysed using next generation sequencing (V3-V4 16S rDNA) or inoculated on a wide range of agar types and grown under a broad range of conditions to maximize recovery. Isolates were identified by partial sequencing of the 16S rDNA and rpoB genes and tested for antibiotic susceptibility. We applied a L2-regularized logistic regression model on the next generation sequencing data to investigate any potential association between severe dry eye disease and the ocular microbiome. RESULTS Culture-dependent analysis showed the highest number of colony forming units in healthy individuals. The majority of isolates recovered from the samples were Corynebacterium, Micrococcus sp., Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Cutibacterium acnes. Culture independent analysis revealed 24 phyla, of which Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were the most abundant. Over 405 genera were detected of which Corynebacterium was the most dominant, followed by Staphylococcus and Cutibacterium. The L2-regularized logistic regression model indicated that Blautia and Corynebacterium sp. may be associated with severe DED. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that the ocular microbiome has characteristic features in severe DED patients. Certain Corynebacterium species and Blautia are of particular interest for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Naqvi
- Department of Life Sciences and Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Postbox 4, St. Olavs Plass, 0130, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Fredrik Fineide
- Department of Computer Science, Oslo Metropolitan University, Norway; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; The Norwegian Dry Eye Clinic, Ole Vigs Gate 32 E, 0366, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tor Paaske Utheim
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; The Norwegian Dry Eye Clinic, Ole Vigs Gate 32 E, 0366, Oslo, Norway
| | - Colin Charnock
- Department of Life Sciences and Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Postbox 4, St. Olavs Plass, 0130, Oslo, Norway
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17
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Borrego-Ruiz A, Borrego JJ. Human gut microbiome, diet, and mental disorders. Int Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s10123-024-00518-6. [PMID: 38561477 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00518-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Diet is one of the most important external factor shaping the composition and metabolic activities of the gut microbiome. The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in host health, including immune system development, nutrients metabolism, and the synthesis of bioactive molecules. In addition, the gut microbiome has been described as critical for the development of several mental disorders. Nutritional psychiatry is an emerging field of research that may provide a link between diet, microbial function, and brain health. In this study, we have reviewed the influence of different diet types, such as Western, Mediterranean, vegetarian, and ketogenic, on the gut microbiota composition and function, and their implication in various neuropsychiatric and psychological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Borrego-Ruiz
- Departamento de Psicología Social y de las Organizaciones, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan J Borrego
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Málaga. Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina BIONAND, Málaga, Spain.
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18
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Baylie T, Ayelgn T, Tiruneh M, Tesfa KH. Effect of Ketogenic Diet on Obesity and Other Metabolic Disorders: Narrative Review. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:1391-1401. [PMID: 38529169 PMCID: PMC10962461 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s447659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is defined as an abnormal or excessive accumulation of fat that increases the burden of different chronic diseases in the population. It has reached epidemic proportions and is a major risk factor for a variety of diseases, including hypertension, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidaemia, atherosclerosis, and some malignancies. Weight gain is a result of excessive energy intake compared to energy expenditure (energy loss from metabolism and physical exercise). A ketogenic diet has a more useful effect on obesity than other diets. A ketogenic diet is a low-carbohydrate, high-fat, moderate-protein diet that induces the production of ketone bodies by mimicking the breakdown of a fasting state. The mechanism behind the ketogenic diet is still unknown, although it obviously helps people with obesity lose weight. Several pathways for the ketogenic diet effect on weight loss have been hypothesized by researchers, including reduced appetite due to effects on appetite control hormones and a possible direct appetite suppressant action of ketone bodies; reduced lipogenesis and increased lipolysis; greater metabolic efficiency; and increased metabolic costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Temesgen Baylie
- Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Tiget Ayelgn
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Markeshaw Tiruneh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Kibur Hunie Tesfa
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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19
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Rasaei N, Heidari M, Esmaeili F, Khosravi S, Baeeri M, Tabatabaei-Malazy O, Emamgholipour S. The effects of prebiotic, probiotic or synbiotic supplementation on overweight/obesity indicators: an umbrella review of the trials' meta-analyses. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1277921. [PMID: 38572479 PMCID: PMC10987746 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1277921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background There is controversial data on the effects of prebiotic, probiotic, or synbiotic supplementations on overweight/obesity indicators. Thus, we aimed to clarify this role of biotics through an umbrella review of the trials' meta-analyses. Methods All meta-analyses of the clinical trials conducted on the impact of biotics on overweight/obesity indicators in general populations, pregnant women, and infants published until June 2023 in PubMed, Web of Sciences, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane Library web databases included. The meta-analysis of observational and systematic review studies without meta-analysis were excluded. We reported the results by implementing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) flowchart. The Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews-2 (AMSTAR2) and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) systems were used to assess the methodological quality and quality of evidence. Results Overall, 97 meta-analysis studies were included. Most studies were conducted on the effect of probiotics in both genders. Consumption of prebiotic: 8-66 g/day, probiotic: 104 -1.35×1015 colony-forming unit (CFU)/day, and synbiotic: 106-1.5×1011 CFU/day and 0.5-300 g/day for 2 to 104 weeks showed a favorable effect on the overweight/obesity indicators. Moreover, an inverse association was observed between biotics consumption and overweight/obesity risk in adults in most of the studies. Biotics did not show any beneficial effect on weight and body mass index (BMI) in pregnant women by 6.6×105-1010 CFU/day of probiotics during 1-25 weeks and 1×109-112.5×109 CFU/capsule of synbiotics during 4-8 weeks. The effect of biotics on weight and BMI in infants is predominantly non-significant. Prebiotics and probiotics used in infancy were from 0.15 to 0.8 g/dL and 2×106-6×109 CFU/day for 2-24 weeks, respectively. Conclusion It seems biotics consumption can result in favorable impacts on some anthropometric indices of overweight/obesity (body weight, BMI, waist circumference) in the general population, without any significant effects on birth weight or weight gain during pregnancy and infancy. So, it is recommended to intake the biotics as complementary medications for reducing anthropometric indices of overweight/obese adults. However, more well-designed trials are needed to elucidate the anti-obesity effects of specific strains of probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Rasaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Heidari
- Student Research Committee, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fataneh Esmaeili
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepehr Khosravi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Baeeri
- Toxicology and Diseases Group (TDG), Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ozra Tabatabaei-Malazy
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Solaleh Emamgholipour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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20
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Morshed MN, Karim MR, Akter R, Iqbal S, Mathiyalagan R, Ahn JC, Yang DC, Song JH, Kang SC, Yang DU. Potential of Gut Microbial Metabolites in Treating Osteoporosis and Obesity: A Network Pharmacology and Bioinformatics Approach. Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e942899. [PMID: 38509819 PMCID: PMC10938863 DOI: 10.12659/msm.942899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbial metabolites demonstrate significant activity against metabolic diseases including osteoporosis (OP) and obesity, but active compounds, targets, and mechanisms have not been fully identified. Hence, the current investigation explored the mechanisms of active metabolites and targets against OP and obesity by using network pharmacology approaches. MATERIAL AND METHODS The gutMGene database was used to collect gut microbial targets-associated metabolites; DisGeNET and OMIM databases were used to identify targets relevant to OP and obesity. A total of 63 and 89 overlapped targets were considered the final OP and obesity targets after creating a Venn diagram of metabolites-related targets and disease-related targets. Furthermore, the top 20% of degrees, betweenness, and closeness were used to form the sub-network of protein-protein interaction of these targets. Finally, the biotransformation-increased receptors and biological mechanisms were identified and validated using ADMET properties analysis, molecular docking, and molecular dynamic simulation. RESULTS GO, KEGG pathway analysis, and protein-protein interactions were performed to establish metabolites and target networks. According to the enrichment analysis, OP and obesity are highly linked to the lipid and atherosclerosis pathways. Moreover, ADMET analysis depicts that the major metabolites have drug-likeliness activity and no or less toxicity. Following that, the molecular docking studies showed that compound K and TP53 target have a remarkable negative affinity (-8.0 kcal/mol) among all metabolites and targets for both diseases. Finally, the conformity of compound K against the targeted protein TP53 was validated by 250ns MD simulation. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, we summarized that compound K can regulate TP53 and could be developed as a therapy option for OP and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Niaj Morshed
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi, South Korea
| | - Md. Rezaul Karim
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi, South Korea
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
| | - Reshmi Akter
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi, South Korea
| | - Safia Iqbal
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi, South Korea
| | - Ramya Mathiyalagan
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi, South Korea
| | - Jong Chan Ahn
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi, South Korea
| | - Deok Chun Yang
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi, South Korea
- Hanbangbio Inc., Yongin, Gyeonggi, South Korea
| | - Joong Hyun Song
- Department of Veterinary International Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Se Chan Kang
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi, South Korea
| | - Dong Uk Yang
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi, South Korea
- AIBIOME, Daejeon, South Korea
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21
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Chang YM, Kang YR, Lee YG, Sung MK. Sex differences in colonic gene expression and fecal microbiota composition in a mouse model of obesity-associated colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3576. [PMID: 38347027 PMCID: PMC10861586 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53861-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the sex-specific correlation between obesity and colorectal cancer emphasizing a more pronounced association in males. Estrogen, chromosomal genes, and gut bacteria were assessed in C57BL6/J male, female and ovariectomized (OVX) female mice, subjected to either a low-fat diet (LFD) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 14 weeks. Induction of colon tumor involved azoxymethane (10 mg/kg) administration, followed by three cycles of dextran sulfate sodium. Male mice on HFD exhibited higher final body weight and increased colon tumors compared to females. Colonic mucin 2 expression was significantly higher in females. HFD-modulated differentially expressed genes numbered 290 for males, 64 for females, and 137 for OVX females. Only one up-regulated gene (Gfra3) overlapped between females and OVX females, while two down-regulated genes (Thrsp and Gbp11) overlapped between males and OVX females. Genes up-regulated by HFD in males were linked to cytokine-cytokine interaction, HIF-1 signaling pathway, central carbon metabolism in cancer. Sex-specific changes in gut microbial composition in response to HFD were observed. These findings suggest a male-specific vulnerability to HFD-induced colon tumor formation, implicating key genes and colonic bacteria in colon tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoo-Mee Chang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Sookmyung Women's University, 100, Cheongpa-ro 47-gil, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo-Ree Kang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Sookmyung Women's University, 100, Cheongpa-ro 47-gil, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Gyeong Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Sookmyung Women's University, 100, Cheongpa-ro 47-gil, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyung Sung
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Sookmyung Women's University, 100, Cheongpa-ro 47-gil, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Imdad S, So B, Jang J, Park J, Lee SJ, Kim JH, Kang C. Temporal variations in the gut microbial diversity in response to high-fat diet and exercise. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3282. [PMID: 38332014 PMCID: PMC10853223 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52852-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
High-fat diet-induced obesity is a pandemic caused by an inactive lifestyle and increased consumption of Western diets and is a major risk factor for diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. In contrast, exercise can positively influence gut microbial diversity and is linked to a decreased inflammatory state. To understand the gut microbial variations associated with exercise and high-fat diet over time, we conducted a longitudinal study to examine the effect of covariates on gut microbial diversity and composition. Young mice were divided into four groups: Chow-diet (CHD), high-fat diet (HFD), high-fat diet + exercise (HFX), and exercise only (EXE) and underwent experimental intervention for 12 weeks. Fecal samples at week 0 and 12 were collected for DNA extraction, followed by 16S library preparation and sequencing. Data were analyzed using QIIME 2, R and MicrobiomeAnalyst. The Bacteroidetes-to-Firmicutes ratio decreased fivefold in the HFD and HFX groups compared to that in the CHD and EXE groups and increased in the EXE group over time. Alpha diversity was significantly increased in the EXE group longitudinally (p < 0.02), whereas diversity (Shannon, Faith's PD, and Fisher) and richness (ACE) was significantly reduced in the HFD (p < 0.005) and HFX (p < 0.03) groups over time. Beta diversity, based on the Jaccard, Bray-Curtis, and unweighted UniFrac distance metrics, was significant among the groups. Prevotella, Paraprevotella, Candidatus arthromitus, Lactobacillus salivarius, L. reuteri, Roseburia, Bacteroides uniformis, Sutterella, and Corynebacterium were differentially abundant in the chow-diet groups (CHD and EXE). Exercise significantly reduced the proportion of taxa characteristic of a high-fat diet, including Butyricimonas, Ruminococcus gnavus, and Mucispirillum schaedleri. Diet, age, and exercise significantly contributed to explaining the bacterial community structure and diversity in the gut microbiota. Modulating the gut microbiota and maintaining its stability can lead to targeted microbiome therapies to manage chronic and recurrent diseases and infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Imdad
- Molecular Metabolism in Health and Disease, Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Sport Science Research Institute, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Cheongju University, Cheongju, 28503, South Korea
| | - Byunghun So
- Molecular Metabolism in Health and Disease, Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Sport Science Research Institute, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea
| | - Junho Jang
- Molecular Metabolism in Health and Disease, Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Sport Science Research Institute, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea
| | - Jinhan Park
- Molecular Metabolism in Health and Disease, Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Sport Science Research Institute, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea
| | - Sam-Jun Lee
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, College of Health, Welfare, and Education, Tong Myong University, Busan, 48520, South Korea
| | - Jin-Hee Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Cheongju University, Cheongju, 28503, South Korea.
| | - Chounghun Kang
- Molecular Metabolism in Health and Disease, Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Sport Science Research Institute, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea.
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea.
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23
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Vergroesen JE, Jarrar ZA, Weiss S, Frost F, Ansari AS, Nguyen P, Kraaij R, Medina-Gomez C, Völzke H, Tost F, Amin N, van Duijn CM, Klaver CCW, Jürgens C, Hammond CJ, Ramdas WD. Glaucoma Patients Have a Lower Abundance of Butyrate-Producing Taxa in the Gut. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:7. [PMID: 38315494 PMCID: PMC10851784 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.2.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Glaucoma is an eye disease that is the most common cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. It has been suggested that gut microbiota can produce reactive oxygen species and pro-inflammatory cytokines that may travel from the gastric mucosa to distal sites, for example, the optic nerve head or trabecular meshwork. There is evidence for a gut-eye axis, as microbial dysbiosis has been associated with retinal diseases. We investigated the microbial composition in patients with glaucoma and healthy controls. Moreover, we analyzed the association of the gut microbiome with intraocular pressure (IOP; risk factor of glaucoma) and vertical cup-to-disc ratio (VCDR; quantifying glaucoma severity). Methods The discovery analyses included participants of the Rotterdam Study and the Erasmus Glaucoma Cohort. A total of 225 patients with glaucoma and 1247 age- and sex-matched participants without glaucoma were included in our analyses. Stool samples were used to generate 16S rRNA gene profiles. We assessed associations with 233 genera and species. We used data from the TwinsUK and the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP) to replicate our findings. Results Several butyrate-producing taxa (e.g. Butyrivibrio, Caproiciproducens, Clostridium sensu stricto 1, Coprococcus 1, Ruminococcaceae UCG 007, and Shuttleworthia) were less abundant in people with glaucoma compared to healthy controls. The same taxa were also associated with lower IOP and smaller VCDR. The replication analyses confirmed the findings from the discovery analyses. Conclusions Large human studies exploring the link between the gut microbiome and glaucoma are lacking. Our results suggest that microbial dysbiosis plays a role in the pathophysiology of glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joëlle E. Vergroesen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Zakariya A. Jarrar
- Department of Ophthalmology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Twins Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Weiss
- Interfaculty Institute of Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Fabian Frost
- Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Abdus S. Ansari
- Department of Ophthalmology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Twins Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Picard Nguyen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert Kraaij
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carolina Medina-Gomez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Frank Tost
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Cornelia M. van Duijn
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline C. W. Klaver
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Clemens Jürgens
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Chris J. Hammond
- Department of Ophthalmology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Twins Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wishal D. Ramdas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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24
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Eberhart T, Stanley FU, Ricci L, Chirico T, Ferrarese R, Sisti S, Scagliola A, Baj A, Badurek S, Sommer A, Culp-Hill R, Dzieciatkowska M, Shokry E, Sumpton D, D'Alessandro A, Clementi N, Mancini N, Cardaci S. ACOD1 deficiency offers protection in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity by maintaining a healthy gut microbiota. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:105. [PMID: 38302438 PMCID: PMC10834593 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06483-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Aconitate decarboxylase 1 (ACOD1) is the enzyme synthesizing itaconate, an immuno-regulatory metabolite tuning host-pathogen interactions. Such functions are achieved by affecting metabolic pathways regulating inflammation and microbe survival. However, at the whole-body level, metabolic roles of itaconate remain largely unresolved. By using multiomics-integrated approaches, here we show that ACOD1 responds to high-fat diet consumption in mice by promoting gut microbiota alterations supporting metabolic disease. Genetic disruption of itaconate biosynthesis protects mice against obesity, alterations in glucose homeostasis and liver metabolic dysfunctions by decreasing meta-inflammatory responses to dietary lipid overload. Mechanistically, fecal metagenomics and microbiota transplantation experiments demonstrate such effects are dependent on an amelioration of the intestinal ecosystem composition, skewed by high-fat diet feeding towards obesogenic phenotype. In particular, unbiased fecal microbiota profiling and axenic culture experiments point towards a primary role for itaconate in inhibiting growth of Bacteroidaceae and Bacteroides, family and genus of Bacteroidetes phylum, the major gut microbial taxon associated with metabolic health. Specularly to the effects imposed by Acod1 deficiency on fecal microbiota, oral itaconate consumption enhances diet-induced gut dysbiosis and associated obesogenic responses in mice. Unveiling an unrecognized role of itaconate, either endogenously produced or exogenously administered, in supporting microbiota alterations underlying diet-induced obesity in mice, our study points ACOD1 as a target against inflammatory consequences of overnutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Eberhart
- Cancer Metabolism Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Uchenna Stanley
- Cancer Metabolism Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Luisa Ricci
- Cancer Metabolism Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziana Chirico
- Cancer Metabolism Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Ferrarese
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, 20100, Italy
- IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, 20100, Italy
- Synlab Italia, Castenedolo, BS, Italy
| | - Sofia Sisti
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, 20100, Italy
- IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, 20100, Italy
| | - Alessandra Scagliola
- Cancer Metabolism Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare, INGM, "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy
| | - Andreina Baj
- Department of Medicine and Technological Innovation, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Sylvia Badurek
- Preclinical Phenotyping Facility, Vienna BioCenter Core Facilities (VBCF), member of the Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Sommer
- Next Generation Sequencing Facility, Vienna BioCenter Core Facilities (VBCF), member of the Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Rachel Culp-Hill
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Monika Dzieciatkowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | | | | | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Nicola Clementi
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, 20100, Italy
- IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, 20100, Italy
| | - Nicasio Mancini
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, 20100, Italy
- IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, 20100, Italy
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Department of Medicine and Technological Innovation, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Fondazione Macchi University Hospital, Varese, Italy
| | - Simone Cardaci
- Cancer Metabolism Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy.
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25
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Somalou P, Ieronymaki E, Feidaki K, Prapa I, Stylianopoulou E, Spyridopoulou K, Skavdis G, Grigoriou ME, Panas P, Argiriou A, Tsatsanis C, Kourkoutas Y. Novel Wild-Type Pediococcus and Lactiplantibacillus Strains as Probiotic Candidates to Manage Obesity-Associated Insulin Resistance. Microorganisms 2024; 12:231. [PMID: 38399636 PMCID: PMC10891751 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
As the food and pharmaceutical industry is continuously seeking new probiotic strains with unique health properties, the aim of the present study was to determine the impact of short-term dietary intervention with novel wild-type strains, isolated from various sources, on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced insulin resistance. Initially, the strains were evaluated in vitro for their ability to survive in simulated gastrointestinal (GI) conditions, for adhesion to Caco-2 cells, for bile salt hydrolase secretion, for cholesterol-lowering and cellular cholesterol-binding ability, and for growth inhibition of food-borne pathogens. In addition, safety criteria were assessed, including hemolytic activity and susceptibility to antibiotics. The in vivo test on insulin resistance showed that mice receiving the HFD supplemented with Pediococcus acidilactici SK (isolated from human feces) or P. acidilactici OLS3-1 strain (isolated from olive fruit) exhibited significantly improved insulin resistance compared to HFD-fed mice or to the normal diet (ND)-fed group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi Somalou
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (P.S.); (I.P.); (E.S.); (K.S.); (G.S.); (M.E.G.)
| | - Eleftheria Ieronymaki
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Crete, Greece; (E.I.); (C.T.)
| | - Kyriaki Feidaki
- Institute of Applied Sciences, Centre for Research and Technology, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.F.); (A.A.)
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Ioanna Prapa
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (P.S.); (I.P.); (E.S.); (K.S.); (G.S.); (M.E.G.)
| | - Electra Stylianopoulou
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (P.S.); (I.P.); (E.S.); (K.S.); (G.S.); (M.E.G.)
| | - Katerina Spyridopoulou
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (P.S.); (I.P.); (E.S.); (K.S.); (G.S.); (M.E.G.)
| | - George Skavdis
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (P.S.); (I.P.); (E.S.); (K.S.); (G.S.); (M.E.G.)
| | - Maria E. Grigoriou
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (P.S.); (I.P.); (E.S.); (K.S.); (G.S.); (M.E.G.)
| | | | - Anagnostis Argiriou
- Institute of Applied Sciences, Centre for Research and Technology, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.F.); (A.A.)
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Christos Tsatsanis
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Crete, Greece; (E.I.); (C.T.)
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, 71100 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Yiannis Kourkoutas
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (P.S.); (I.P.); (E.S.); (K.S.); (G.S.); (M.E.G.)
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Thornton T, Mills D, Bliss E. The impact of lipopolysaccharide on cerebrovascular function and cognition resulting from obesity-induced gut dysbiosis. Life Sci 2024; 336:122337. [PMID: 38072189 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a worldwide epidemic coinciding with a concomitant increase in the incidence of neurodegenerative diseases, particularly dementia. Obesity is characterised by increased adiposity, chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress, which promote endothelial dysfunction. Endothelial dysfunction reduces cerebrovascular function leading to reduced cerebral blood flow and, eventually, cognitive decline, thus predisposing to a neurodegenerative disease. Obesity is also characterised by gut dysbiosis and a subsequent increase in the lipopolysaccharide which increasingly activates toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and further promotes chronic low-grade systemic inflammation. This also disrupts the crosstalk within the gut-brain axis, thus influencing the functions of the central nervous system, including cognition. However, the mechanisms by which obesity-related increases in oxidative stress, inflammation and endothelial dysfunction are driven by, or associated with, increased systemic lipopolysaccharide leading to reduced cerebrovascular function and cognition, beyond normal ageing, have not been elucidated. Hence, this review examines how increased concentrations of lipopolysaccharide and the subsequent increased TLR4 activation observed in obesity exacerbate the development of obesity-induced reductions in cerebrovascular function and cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammy Thornton
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia; Respiratory and Exercise Physiology Research Group, School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia.
| | - Dean Mills
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia; Respiratory and Exercise Physiology Research Group, School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia; Centre for Health Research, Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia; Molecular Biomarkers Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
| | - Edward Bliss
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia; Respiratory and Exercise Physiology Research Group, School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia; Centre for Health Research, Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia; Molecular Biomarkers Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
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Chowdhury M, Raj Chaudhary N, Kaur P, Goyal A, Sahu SK. Different Strategies Targeting Gut Microbiota for the Management of Several Disorders: A Sustainable Approach. Infect Disord Drug Targets 2024; 24:e160124225675. [PMID: 38317473 DOI: 10.2174/0118715265267536231121095634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A potential limelight is flashed on the Gut Microbiota (GM) in the human body, which confers additional psychological as well as physiological attributes to health. Other than just occupying a wide portion of the gastrointestinal tract, it also plays numerous functions in the systems of the body. Gut Microbiota is largely responsible for a considerably vast array of conditions such as obesity, diabetes ,other metabolic disorders, and cardiovascular disorders. Strategies targeting the gut microbiota have been proposed as a promising approach for the management of these disorders. OBJECTIVE This review aims to summarize the different strategies targeting the gut microbiota for the management of several disorders and to highlight the importance of a sustainable approach. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted using various databases between 2008 and 2022 that focused on the use of prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, postbiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, dietary interventions, and antibiotics. RESULTS Different strategies targeting the gut microbiota for the management of several disorders were identified, including probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, postbiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and dietary interventions. Modification in diet and lifestyle, allowing favorable microbiota growth in the stomach, intake of prebiotics and probiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation are amongst the widely accepted recent approaches allowing the application of GM in the field of treatment. CONCLUSION Although considerable steps in enhancing and understanding the mechanism of treatment with the help of gut microbiota are under progress, much diversified and elaborate research must be conducted in order to enhance and implement the use of GM with high effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahima Chowdhury
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara (Punjab) 144411, India
| | - Neil Raj Chaudhary
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara (Punjab) 144411, India
| | - Paranjeet Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Anju Goyal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Sahu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara (Punjab) 144411, India
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Chen A, Jiang Z, Cai L, Tang D. On the road to colorectal cancer development: crosstalk between the gut microbiota, metabolic reprogramming, and epigenetic modifications. Carcinogenesis 2023; 44:631-641. [PMID: 37586059 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgad058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of studies have reported the role of gut microbes in colorectal cancer (CRC) development, as they can be influenced by dietary metabolism and mediate alterations in host epigenetics, ultimately affecting CRC. Intake of specific dietary components can affect gut microbial composition and function, and their metabolism regulates important epigenetic functions that may influence CRC risk. Gut microbes can regulate epigenetic modifications through nutrient metabolism, including histone modification, DNA methylation, and noncoding RNAs. Epigenetics, in turn, determines the gut microbial composition and thus influences the risk of developing CRC. This review discusses the complex crosstalk between metabolic reprogramming, gut microbiota, and epigenetics in CRC and highlights the potential applications of the gut microbiota as a biomarker for the prevention, diagnosis, and therapy of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Chen
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225001, China
| | - Zhengting Jiang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225001, China
| | - Lingli Cai
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225001, China
| | - Dong Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of General Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, 225001, China
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Song S, Shon J, Yang WR, Kang HB, Kim KH, Park JY, Lee S, Baik SY, Lee KR, Park YJ. Short-Term Effects of Weight-Loss Meal Replacement Programs with Various Macronutrient Distributions on Gut Microbiome and Metabolic Parameters: A Pilot Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:4744. [PMID: 38004139 PMCID: PMC10675061 DOI: 10.3390/nu15224744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
It has emerged the gut microbiome is crucially linked to metabolic health and obesity. Macronutrient distribution has been discussed as a key parameter in weight-loss programs, but little is known about its impact on the gut microbiome. We investigated the effects of weight-loss meal replacement programs with different macronutrient ratios on the gut microbiota and metabolic parameters in subjects with overweight and obesity. Three low-calorie meal replacement programs with different ratios of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids were designed: a balanced diet (Group B, 60:15:30), a high-lipid-low-carbohydrate diet (Group F, 35:20:55), and a protein-enriched diet (Group P, 40:25:35). Sixty overweight or obese participants were provided with the meals twice daily for 3 weeks. In all groups, diet intervention resulted in reduced body weight and BMI. The relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes phyla decreased and increased, respectively, which increased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio in all subjects, particularly in Groups B and P. Alpha- and beta-diversity were augmented at the phylum level in Group P. In conclusion, short-term interventions with weight-loss meal replacement programs increased butyrate-producing bacteria and the F/B ratio. Moreover, the protein-enriched diet significantly increased alpha- and beta-diversity compared to the balanced diet and the high-lipid-low-carbohydrate diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungmin Song
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinyoung Shon
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-ri Yang
- Hyundai Greenfood Greating Laboratory, Yongin-si 16827, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Bit Kang
- Hyundai Greenfood Greating Laboratory, Yongin-si 16827, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun-Ha Kim
- Hyundai Greenfood Greating Laboratory, Yongin-si 16827, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Yeon Park
- Hyundai Greenfood Greating Laboratory, Yongin-si 16827, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghoo Lee
- SCL Healthcare Inc., Yongin-si 16954, Republic of Korea
| | - Sae Yun Baik
- Hanaro Medical Foundation, Seoul 03159, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Ryul Lee
- SCL Healthcare Inc., Yongin-si 16954, Republic of Korea
- Hanaro Medical Foundation, Seoul 03159, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Jung Park
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
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Saravanan D, Khatoon B S, Winner G J. Unraveling the Interplay: Exploring the Links Between Gut Microbiota, Obesity, and Psychological Outcomes. Cureus 2023; 15:e49271. [PMID: 38143611 PMCID: PMC10746887 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This narrative review delves into the complex and intricate mechanisms of the gut-brain axis. Gut microbiota has gained immense importance in the treatment of various diseases. The therapeutic potential of gut-microbial modulation is slowly coming to light. With good preclinical evidence, some human studies shed light on the translation potential of gut-microbial modulation. The concept of gut-microbial modulation has been studied for over a few decades. The relationship between gut microbiota and various homeostatic mechanisms is fascinating. Over the years, we have started understanding the immense role of gut microbiota in various homeostatic mechanisms. There are a good number of clinical studies that have shown the therapeutic potential of gut-microbial modulation in obesity and psychological diseases, especially depression and anxiety. The gut-microbial modulation can be achieved by dietary factors or supplementation. In this review, we explore the mechanisms by which prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics alter the gut-brain axis. The review limits its discussion to the most recent clinical studies that have shown promise as therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Saravanan
- School of Public Health, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu, IND
| | - Suhana Khatoon B
- School of Public Health, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu, IND
| | - Jefry Winner G
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, IND
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Ahmad J, Khan I, Zengin G, Mahomoodally MF. The gut microbiome in the fight against obesity: The potential of dietary factors. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23258. [PMID: 37843880 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300864rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Obesity as a global public health burden has experienced a drastic growing trend recently. The management of obesity is challenging because of its complex etiology, and various factors are involved in its development, such as genetic and environmental factors. Different approaches are available to treat and/or manage obesity, including diet, physical activity, lifestyle changes, medications, and surgery. However, some of these approaches have inherent limitations and are closely associated with adverse effects. Therefore, probing into a novel/safe approach to treat and/or manage obesity is of fundamental importance. One such approach gaining renewed interest is the potential role of gut microbiota in obesity and its effectiveness in treating this condition. However, there is a dearth of comprehensive compilation of data on the potential role of the gut microbiome in obesity, particularly regarding dietary factors as a therapeutic approach. Therefore, this review aims to provide an updated overview of the role of gut microbiota in obesity, further highlighting the importance of dietary factors, particularly diet, prebiotics, and probiotics, as potential complementary and/or alternative therapeutic options. Moreover, the association of gut microbiota with obese or lean individuals has also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamil Ahmad
- Department of Human Nutrition, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Human Nutrition, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- School of Engineering & Technology, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
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Diwan B, Yadav R, Singh A, Kumar D, Sharma R. Murine sterile fecal filtrate is a potent pharmacological agent that exerts age-independent immunomodulatory effects in RAW264.7 macrophages. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:362. [PMID: 37833682 PMCID: PMC10576334 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04193-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sterile fecal filtrate (SFF) is being considered a safer alternative to fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) therapy; however, its bioactive potency is very little understood. The present study thus assessed the age-dependent immunostimulatory and immunomodulatory attributes of murine SFF in vitro. METHODS SFF from young (Y-SFF) and old (O-SFF) Swiss albino mice were prepared. Immunostimulatory and immunomodulatory effects of SFF were evaluated in resting and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated macrophage cells by measuring intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO) production, inflammatory cytokines profile, as well as gene expression of oxidative and inflammatory transcription factors. SFF were also evaluated for native antioxidant capacity by measuring DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging activity. Bioactive components present in SFF were also determined by GC/MS analysis. RESULTS Both Y-SFF and O-SFF induced potent immunostimulatory effects characterized by changes in cell morphology, a significant increase in NO production, ROS levels, and an increased ratio of pro-inflammatory (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β) to anti-inflammatory (IL-10) secretory proteins although no significant aggravation in the transcription of NF-κB and Nrf-2 could be observed. Application of LPS to cells significantly augmented a pro-oxidative and pro-inflammatory response which was much higher in comparison to Y-SFF or O-SFF application alone and mediated by strong suppression of Nrf-2 gene expression. Pre-treatment of macrophages with both Y-SFF and O-SFF robustly attenuated cellular hyperresponsiveness to LPS characterized by significantly decreased levels of NO, ROS, and inflammatory cytokines while a concomitant increase in anti-inflammatory protein (IL-10) was observed. Further, both Y-SFF and O-SFF strongly resisted LPS-induced downregulation of Nrf-2 expression although O-SFF appeared to protect cells slightly better from the overall LPS threat. Neat SFF samples exhibited moderate antioxidant capacity and GC/MS analysis of SFF revealed diverse volatile organic compounds characterized by alkanes, organosulphur compounds, furans, amides, amino acids, and antimicrobial elements. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that SFF is a potent stimulant of macrophages and confers strong anti-inflammatory effects regardless of donor age thereby suggesting its therapeutic efficacy in lieu of FMT therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhawna Diwan
- Faculty of Applied Sciences & Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, 173229, India
| | - Rahul Yadav
- Faculty of Applied Sciences & Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, 173229, India
| | - Anamika Singh
- Faculty of Applied Sciences & Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, 173229, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Faculty of Applied Sciences & Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, 173229, India
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Faculty of Applied Sciences & Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, 173229, India.
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Preda A, Carbone F, Tirandi A, Montecucco F, Liberale L. Obesity phenotypes and cardiovascular risk: From pathophysiology to clinical management. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2023; 24:901-919. [PMID: 37358728 PMCID: PMC10492705 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-023-09813-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Obesity epidemic reached the dimensions of a real global health crisis with more than one billion people worldwide living with obesity. Multiple obesity-related mechanisms cause structural, functional, humoral, and hemodynamic alterations with cardiovascular (CV) deleterious effects. A correct assessment of the cardiovascular risk in people with obesity is critical for reducing mortality and preserving quality of life. The correct identification of the obesity status remains difficult as recent evidence suggest that different phenotypes of obesity exist, each one associated with different degrees of CV risk. Diagnosis of obesity cannot depend only on anthropometric parameters but should include a precise assessment of the metabolic status. Recently, the World Heart Federation and World Obesity Federation provided an action plan for management of obesity-related CV risk and mortality, stressing for the instauration of comprehensive structured programs encompassing multidisciplinary teams. In this review we aim at providing an updated summary regarding the different obesity phenotypes, their specific effects on CV risk and differences in clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Federico Carbone
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Amedeo Tirandi
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy.
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Luca Liberale
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
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Muralitharan RR, Snelson M, Meric G, Coughlan MT, Marques FZ. Guidelines for microbiome studies in renal physiology. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2023; 325:F345-F362. [PMID: 37440367 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00072.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiome research has increased dramatically in the last decade, including in renal health and disease. The field is moving from experiments showing mere association to causation using both forward and reverse microbiome approaches, leveraging tools such as germ-free animals, treatment with antibiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantations. However, we are still seeing a gap between discovery and translation that needs to be addressed, so that patients can benefit from microbiome-based therapies. In this guideline paper, we discuss the key considerations that affect the gut microbiome of animals and clinical studies assessing renal function, many of which are often overlooked, resulting in false-positive results. For animal studies, these include suppliers, acclimatization, baseline microbiota and its normalization, littermates and cohort/cage effects, diet, sex differences, age, circadian differences, antibiotics and sweeteners, and models used. Clinical studies have some unique considerations, which include sampling, gut transit time, dietary records, medication, and renal phenotypes. We provide best-practice guidance on sampling, storage, DNA extraction, and methods for microbial DNA sequencing (both 16S rRNA and shotgun metagenome). Finally, we discuss follow-up analyses, including tools available, metrics, and their interpretation, and the key challenges ahead in the microbiome field. By standardizing study designs, methods, and reporting, we will accelerate the findings from discovery to translation and result in new microbiome-based therapies that may improve renal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikeish R Muralitharan
- Hypertension Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Institute for Medical Research, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Matthew Snelson
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Guillaume Meric
- Cambridge-Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Cardiovascular Research Translation and Implementation, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Melinda T Coughlan
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Francine Z Marques
- Hypertension Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Heart Failure Research Group, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Victorian Heart Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Shively CA, Frye BM, Negrey JD, Johnson CSC, Sutphen CL, Molina AJA, Yadav H, Snyder-Mackler N, Register TC. The interactive effects of psychosocial stress and diet composition on health in primates. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 152:105320. [PMID: 37453725 PMCID: PMC10424262 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Social disadvantage and diet composition independently impact myriad dimensions of health. They are closely entwined, as social disadvantage often yields poor diet quality, and may interact to fuel differential health outcomes. This paper reviews effects of psychosocial stress and diet composition on health in nonhuman primates and their implications for aging and human health. We examined the effects of social subordination stress and Mediterranean versus Western diet on multiple systems. We report that psychosocial stress and Western diet have independent and additive adverse effects on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal and autonomic nervous system reactivity to psychological stressors, brain structure, and ovarian function. Compared to the Mediterranean diet, the Western diet resulted in accelerated aging, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, insulin resistance, gut microbial changes associated with increased disease risk, neuroinflammation, neuroanatomical perturbations, anxiety, and social isolation. This comprehensive, multisystem investigation lays the foundation for future investigations of the mechanistic underpinnings of psychosocial stress and diet effects on health, and advances the promise of the Mediterranean diet as a therapeutic intervention on psychosocial stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol A Shively
- Department of Pathology, Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
| | - Brett M Frye
- Department of Pathology, Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; Department of Biology, Emory and Henry College, Emory, VA, USA
| | - Jacob D Negrey
- Department of Pathology, Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | | | - Courtney L Sutphen
- Department of Pathology, Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | | | - Hariom Yadav
- Center for Microbiome Research, Microbiomes Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Noah Snyder-Mackler
- Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA; School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA; School for Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Thomas C Register
- Department of Pathology, Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Song EJ, Lee ES, Kim YI, Shin DU, Eom JE, Shin HS, Lee SY, Nam YD. Gut microbial change after administration of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei AO356 is associated with anti-obesity in a mouse model. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1224636. [PMID: 37705572 PMCID: PMC10496115 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1224636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The status of an impaired gut microbial community, known as dysbiosis, is associated with metabolic diseases such as obesity and insulin resistance. The use of probiotics has been considered an effective approach for the treatment and prevention of obesity and related gut microbial dysbiosis. The anti-obesity effect of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei AO356 was recently reported. However, the effect of L. paracasei AO356 on the gut microbiota has not yet been identified. This study aimed to elucidate the effect of L. paracasei AO356 on gut microbiota and ensure its safety for use as a probiotic. Methods Oral administration of L. paracasei AO356 (107 colony-forming units [CFU]/mg per day, 5 days a week, for 10 weeks) to mice fed a high-fat diet significantly suppressed weight gain and fat mass. We investigated the composition of gut microbiota and explored its association with obesity-related markers. Results Oral administration of L. paracasei AO356 significantly changed the gut microbiota and modified the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, and Oscillospira. Bacteroides and Oscillospira were significantly related to the lipid metabolism pathway and obesity-related markers. We also confirmed the safety of L. paracasei AO356 using antibiotics resistance, hemolysis activity, bile salt hydrolase activity, lactate production, and toxicity tests following the safety assessment guidelines of the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS). Discussion This study demonstrated that L. paracasei AO356 is not only associated with an anti-obesity effect but also with changes in the gut microbiota and metabolic pathways related to obesity. Furthermore, the overall safety assessment seen in this study could increase the potential use of new probiotic materials with anti-obesity effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ji Song
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Sook Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Bio-medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young In Kim
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Uk Shin
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Eom
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Soon Shin
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Young Lee
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Do Nam
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
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Wang S, Zuo Z, Ye B, Zhang L, Cheng Y, Xie S, Zou J, Xu G. Microbiome-Metabolomic Analysis Reveals Beneficial Effects of Dietary Kelp Resistant Starch on Intestinal Functions of Hybrid Snakeheads ( Channa maculata ♀ × Channa argus ♂). Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1631. [PMID: 37627626 PMCID: PMC10451247 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The benefits of resistant starch on hypoglycemia, obesity prevention, antioxidant status and the alleviation of metabolic syndrome have received considerable attention. In this study, we explored how dietary kelp resistant starch (KRS) enhances intestinal morphology and function through a microbiome-metabolomic analysis. Hybrid snakeheads (initial weight: 11.4 ± 0.15 g) were fed experimental diets for 60 days. Fish were fed a basic wheat starch diet and the KRS diet. Dietary KRS improved intestinal morphology and enhanced intestinal antioxidant and digestive capabilities, as evidenced by decreased intestinal damage and upregulated intestinal biochemical markers. The microbiome analysis showed that KRS administration elevated the proportion of butyrate-producing bacteria and the abundance of beneficial bacteria that increases insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, significant alterations in metabolic profiles were observed to mainly associate with the amino acid metabolism (particularly arginine production), the metabolism of cofactors and vitamins, fat metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and the biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites. Additionally, alterations in intestinal microbiota composition were significantly associated with metabolites. Collectively, changes in intestinal microbiota and metabolite profiles produced by the replacement of common starch with dietary KRS appears to play an important role in the development of intestinal metabolism, thus leading to improved intestinal function and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaodan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; (S.W.); (L.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Zhiheng Zuo
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Z.Z.); (B.Y.); (S.X.)
| | - Bin Ye
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Z.Z.); (B.Y.); (S.X.)
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; (S.W.); (L.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yanbo Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; (S.W.); (L.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Shaolin Xie
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Z.Z.); (B.Y.); (S.X.)
| | - Jixing Zou
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Z.Z.); (B.Y.); (S.X.)
| | - Guohuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; (S.W.); (L.Z.); (Y.C.)
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Hoskinson C, Jiang RY, Stiemsma LT. Elucidating the roles of the mammary and gut microbiomes in breast cancer development. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1198259. [PMID: 37664075 PMCID: PMC10470065 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1198259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammary microbiome is a newly characterized bacterial niche that might offer biological insight into the development of breast cancer. Together with in-depth analysis of the gut microbiome in breast cancer, current evidence using next-generation sequencing and metabolic profiling suggests compositional and functional shifts in microbial consortia are associated with breast cancer. In this review, we discuss the fundamental studies that have progressed this important area of research, focusing on the roles of both the mammary tissue microbiome and the gut microbiome. From the literature, we identified the following major conclusions, (I) There are unique breast and gut microbial signatures (both compositional and functional) that are associated with breast cancer, (II) breast and gut microbiome compositional and breast functional dysbiosis represent potential early events of breast tumor development, (III) specific breast and gut microbes confer host immune responses that can combat breast tumor development and progression, and (IV) chemotherapies alter the microbiome and thus maintenance of a eubiotic microbiome may be key in breast cancer treatment. As the field expectantly advances, it is necessary for the role of the microbiome to continue to be elucidated using multi-omic approaches and translational animal models in order to improve predictive, preventive, and therapeutic strategies for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney Hoskinson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Leah T. Stiemsma
- Natural Science Division, Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA, United States
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Hill EB, Konigsberg IR, Ir D, Frank DN, Jambal P, Litkowski EM, Lange EM, Lange LA, Ostendorf DM, Scorsone JJ, Wayland L, Bing K, MacLean PS, Melanson EL, Bessesen DH, Catenacci VA, Stanislawski MA, Borengasser SJ. The Microbiome, Epigenome, and Diet in Adults with Obesity during Behavioral Weight Loss. Nutrients 2023; 15:3588. [PMID: 37630778 PMCID: PMC10458964 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity has been linked to the gut microbiome, epigenome, and diet, yet these factors have not been studied together during obesity treatment. Our objective was to evaluate associations among gut microbiota (MB), DNA methylation (DNAme), and diet prior to and during a behavioral weight loss intervention. Adults (n = 47, age 40.9 ± 9.7 years, body mass index (BMI) 33.5 ± 4.5 kg/m2, 77% female) with data collected at baseline (BL) and 3 months (3 m) were included. Fecal MB was assessed via 16S sequencing and whole blood DNAme via the Infinium EPIC array. Food group and nutrient intakes and Healthy Eating Index (HEI) scores were calculated from 7-day diet records. Linear models were used to test for the effect of taxa relative abundance on DNAme and diet cross-sectionally at each time point, adjusting for confounders and a false discovery rate of 5%. Mean weight loss was 6.2 ± 3.9% at 3 m. At BL, one MB taxon, Ruminiclostridium, was associated with DNAme of the genes COL20A1 (r = 0.651, p = 0.029), COL18A1 (r = 0.578, p = 0.044), and NT5E (r = 0.365, p = 0.043). At 3 m, there were 14 unique MB:DNAme associations, such as Akkermansia with DNAme of GUSB (r = -0.585, p = 0.003), CRYL1 (r = -0.419, p = 0.007), C9 (r = -0.439, p = 0.019), and GMDS (r = -0.559, p = 0.046). Among taxa associated with DNAme, no significant relationships were seen with dietary intakes of relevant nutrients, food groups, or HEI scores. Our findings indicate that microbes linked to mucin degradation, short-chain fatty acid production, and body weight are associated with DNAme of phenotypically relevant genes. These relationships offer an initial understanding of the possible routes by which alterations in gut MB may influence metabolism during weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily B. Hill
- Section of Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (E.B.H.)
| | - Iain R. Konigsberg
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (I.R.K.)
| | - Diana Ir
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Daniel N. Frank
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Purevsuren Jambal
- Section of Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (E.B.H.)
| | - Elizabeth M. Litkowski
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (I.R.K.)
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Eastern Colorado Veterans Affairs Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Ethan M. Lange
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (I.R.K.)
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, University of Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Leslie A. Lange
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (I.R.K.)
- Eastern Colorado Veterans Affairs Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Danielle M. Ostendorf
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jared J. Scorsone
- Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Liza Wayland
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kristen Bing
- Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Paul S. MacLean
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Edward L. Melanson
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Daniel H. Bessesen
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Victoria A. Catenacci
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Maggie A. Stanislawski
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (I.R.K.)
| | - Sarah J. Borengasser
- Section of Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (E.B.H.)
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Chen YK, Liu TT, Teia FKF, Xie MZ. Exploring the underlying mechanisms of obesity and diabetes and the potential of Traditional Chinese Medicine: an overview of the literature. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1218880. [PMID: 37600709 PMCID: PMC10433171 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1218880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and diabetes are closely related metabolic disorders that have become major public health concerns worldwide. Over the past few decades, numerous studies have explored the underlying mechanisms of these disorders and identified various risk factors, including genetics, lifestyle, and dietary habits. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been increasingly recognized for its potential to manage obesity and diabetes. Weight loss is difficult to sustain, and several diabetic therapies, such as sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, and insulin, might make it harder to lose weight. While lifestyle changes should be the primary approach for people interested in lowering weight, drugs are also worth investigating. Since some of the newer glucose-lowering medications that cause weight loss, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), are additionally utilized or are under consideration for use as anti-obesity drugs, the frontier between glucose-lowering medication and weight loss drugs appears to be shifting. This review provides an overview of the literature on the underlying mechanisms of obesity and diabetes and the prospect of TCM in their management. We discuss the various TCM interventions, including acupuncture, herbal medicine, and dietary therapy, and their effects on metabolic health. We also highlight the potential of TCM in regulating gut microbiota, reducing inflammation, and improving insulin sensitivity. The findings suggest that TCM may provide a promising approach to preventing and managing obesity and diabetes. However, further well-designed studies are needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of TCM interventions and to elucidate their underlying mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-kun Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Medicinal and Functional Food, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of TCM Heart and Lung Syndrome Differentiation and Medicated Diet and Dietotherapy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Ting-ting Liu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Medicinal and Functional Food, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of TCM Heart and Lung Syndrome Differentiation and Medicated Diet and Dietotherapy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Farah Khameis Farag Teia
- Department of Agro-technology, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants and Traditional Medicine Research Institute, National Centre for Research, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Meng-zhou Xie
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Medicinal and Functional Food, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of TCM Heart and Lung Syndrome Differentiation and Medicated Diet and Dietotherapy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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Baldanzi G, Sayols-Baixeras S, Theorell-Haglöw J, Dekkers KF, Hammar U, Nguyen D, Lin YT, Ahmad S, Holm JB, Nielsen HB, Brunkwall L, Benedict C, Cedernaes J, Koskiniemi S, Phillipson M, Lind L, Sundström J, Bergström G, Engström G, Smith JG, Orho-Melander M, Ärnlöv J, Kennedy B, Lindberg E, Fall T. OSA Is Associated With the Human Gut Microbiota Composition and Functional Potential in the Population-Based Swedish CardioPulmonary bioImage Study. Chest 2023; 164:503-516. [PMID: 36925044 PMCID: PMC10410248 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2023.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND OSA is a common sleep-breathing disorder linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Intermittent upper airway obstruction and hypoxia, hallmarks of OSA, have been shown in animal models to induce substantial changes to the gut microbiota composition, and subsequent transplantation of fecal matter to other animals induced changes in BP and glucose metabolism. RESEARCH QUESTION Does OSA in adults associate with the composition and functional potential of the human gut microbiota? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We used respiratory polygraphy data from up to 3,570 individuals 50 to 64 years of age from the population-based Swedish Cardiopulmonary bioimage Study combined with deep shotgun metagenomics of fecal samples to identify cross-sectional associations between three OSA parameters covering apneas and hypopneas, cumulative sleep time in hypoxia, and number of oxygen desaturation events with gut microbiota composition. Data collection about potential confounders was based on questionnaires, onsite anthropometric measurements, plasma metabolomics, and linkage with the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register. RESULTS We found that all three OSA parameters were associated with lower diversity of species in the gut. Furthermore, in multivariable-adjusted analysis, the OSA-related hypoxia parameters were associated with the relative abundance of 128 gut bacterial species, including higher abundance of Blautia obeum and Collinsella aerofaciens. The latter species was also independently associated with increased systolic BP. Furthermore, the cumulative time in hypoxia during sleep was associated with the abundance of genes involved in nine gut microbiota metabolic pathways, including propionate production from lactate. Finally, we observed two heterogeneous sets of plasma metabolites with opposite association with species positively and negatively associated with hypoxia parameters, respectively. INTERPRETATION OSA-related hypoxia, but not the number of apneas/hypopneas, is associated with specific gut microbiota species and functions. Our findings lay the foundation for future research on the gut microbiota-mediated health effects of OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Baldanzi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sergi Sayols-Baixeras
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; CIBER Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jenny Theorell-Haglöw
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Koen F Dekkers
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ulf Hammar
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Diem Nguyen
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yi-Ting Lin
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Science and Society, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Shafqat Ahmad
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Preventive Medicine Division, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | | | | | - Louise Brunkwall
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Christian Benedict
- Molecular Neuropharmacology (Sleep Science Lab), Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jonathan Cedernaes
- Department of Medical Sciences, Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Medical Cell Biology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sanna Koskiniemi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mia Phillipson
- Department of Medical Cell Biology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Sundström
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Göran Bergström
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Clinical Physiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Engström
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - J Gustav Smith
- The Wallenberg Laboratory/Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Gothenburg University and the Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Cardiology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden; Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine and Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Marju Orho-Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Johan Ärnlöv
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Science and Society, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden; School of Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden
| | - Beatrice Kennedy
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Eva Lindberg
- Department of Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tove Fall
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Baldeon AD, McDonald D, Gonzalez A, Knight R, Holscher HD. Diet Quality and the Fecal Microbiota in Adults in the American Gut Project. J Nutr 2023; 153:2004-2015. [PMID: 36828255 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Dietary Guidelines for Americans advises on dietary intake to meet nutritional needs, promote health, and prevent diseases. Diet affects the intestinal microbiota and is increasingly linked to health. It is vital to investigate the relationships between diet quality and the microbiota to better understand the impact of nutrition on human health. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the differences in fecal microbiota composition in adults from the American Gut Project based on their adherence to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. METHODS This study was a cross-sectional analysis of the 16S sequencing and food frequency data of a subset of adults (n = 432; age = 18-60 y; 65% female, 89% white) participating in the crowdsourced American Gut Project. The Healthy Eating Index-2015 assessed the compliance with Dietary Guideline recommendations. The cohort was divided into tertiles based on Healthy Eating Index-2015 scores, and differences in taxonomic abundances and diversity were compared between high and low scorers. RESULTS The mean Total Score for low-scoring adults (58.1 ± 5.4) was comparable with the reported score of the average American adult (56.7). High scorers for the Total Score and components related to vegetables, grains, and dairy had greater alpha diversity than low scorers. High scorers in the fatty acid component had a lower alpha diversity than low scorers (95% CI: 0.35, 1.85). A positive log-fold difference in abundance of plant carbohydrate-metabolizing taxa in the families Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae was observed in high-scoring tertiles for Total Score, vegetable, fruit, and grain components (Benjamini-Hochberg; q < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Adults with greater compliance to the Dietary Guidelines demonstrated higher diversity in their fecal microbiota and greater abundance of bacteria capable of metabolizing complex carbohydrates, providing evidence on how Dietary Guidelines support the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis D Baldeon
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Daniel McDonald
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Antonio Gonzalez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA; Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA; Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Hannah D Holscher
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA; Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
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Yang YL, Huang YH, Wang FS, Tsai MC, Chen CH, Lian WS. MicroRNA-29a Compromises Hepatic Adiposis and Gut Dysbiosis in High Fat Diet-Fed Mice via Downregulating Inflammation. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2200348. [PMID: 37118999 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE miR-29a expression patterns influence numerous physiological phenomena. Of note, upregulation of miR-29a ameliorates high-fat diet (HFD)-induced liver dysfunctions in mice. However, the miR-29a effect on gut microbiome composition and HFD-induced gut microbiota changes during metabolic disturbances remains unclear. The study provides compelling evidence for the protective role of miR-29a in gut barrier dysfunction and steatohepatitis. METHODS AND RESULTS miR-29a overexpressed mice (miR-29aTg) are bred to characterize intestinal, serum biochemical, and fecal microbiota profiling features compared to wild-type mice (WT). Mice are fed an HFD for 8 months to induce steatohepatitis, and intestinal dysfunction is determined via histopathological analysis. miR-29aTg has better lipid metabolism capability that decreases total cholesterol and triglyceride levels in serum than WT of the same age. The study further demonstrates that miR-29aTg contributes to intestinal integrity by maintaining periodic acid Schiff positive cell numbers and diversity of fecal microorganisms. HFD-induced bacterial community disturbance and steatohepatitis result in more severe WT than miR-29aTg. Gut microorganism profiling reveals Lactobacillus, Ruminiclostridium_9, and Lachnoclostridium enrichment in miR-29aTg and significantly decreases interleukin-6 expression in the liver and intestinal tract. CONCLUSION This study provides new evidence that sheds light on the host genetic background of miR-29a, which protects against steatohepatitis and other intestinal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ling Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Hsien Huang
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chang, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Sheng Wang
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan
- Core Laboratory for Phenomics & Diagnostics, Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chao Tsai
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
- Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hung Chen
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
- Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Shiung Lian
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan
- Core Laboratory for Phenomics & Diagnostics, Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan
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Wuyts SCM, Torensma B, Schellekens AFA, Kramers CK. Opioid Analgesics after Bariatric Surgery: A Scoping Review to Evaluate Physiological Risk Factors for Opioid-Related Harm. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4296. [PMID: 37445331 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The persisting use of opioids following bariatric surgery has emerged as a prevalent complication, heightening the probability of opioid-related harm (ORM), such as opioid-related fatalities and prescription opioid use disorder (OUD). A comprehensive review of PubMed literature from 1990 to 2023 was conducted to pinpoint physiological influences on postoperative ORM. As a result, we found that patients undertaking bariatric operations often exhibit an inherently higher risk for substance use disorders, likely attributable to genetic predisposition and related neurobiological changes that engender obesity and addiction-like tendencies. Furthermore, chronic pain is a common post-bariatric surgery complaint, and the surgical type impacts opioid needs, with increased long-term opioid use after surgeries. Additionally, the subjective nature of pain perception in patients with obesity can distort pain reporting and the corresponding opioid prescription both before and after surgery. Furthermore, the postoperative alterations to the gastrointestinal structure can affect the microbiome and opioid absorption rates, resulting in fluctuating systemic exposure to orally ingested opioids. The prospect of ORM development post-bariatric surgery appears amplified due to a preexisting susceptibility to addictive habits, surgically induced pain, modified gut-brain interaction and pain management and the changed pharmacokinetics post-surgery. Further research is warranted to clarify these potential risk variables for ORM, specifically OUD, in the bariatric population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie C M Wuyts
- Pharmacy Department, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), 1090 Brussels, Belgium
- Research Group Clinical Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bart Torensma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Arnt F A Schellekens
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis Kees Kramers
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology-Toxicology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Cuciureanu M, Caratașu CC, Gabrielian L, Frăsinariu OE, Checheriță LE, Trandafir LM, Stanciu GD, Szilagyi A, Pogonea I, Bordeianu G, Soroceanu RP, Andrițoiu CV, Anghel MM, Munteanu D, Cernescu IT, Tamba BI. 360-Degree Perspectives on Obesity. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1119. [PMID: 37374323 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59061119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Alarming statistics show that the number of people affected by excessive weight has surpassed 2 billion, representing approximately 30% of the world's population. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of one of the most serious public health problems, considering that obesity requires an integrative approach that takes into account its complex etiology, including genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Only an understanding of the connections between the many contributors to obesity and the synergy between treatment interventions can ensure satisfactory outcomes in reducing obesity. Mechanisms such as oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and dysbiosis play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of obesity and its associated complications. Compounding factors such as the deleterious effects of stress, the novel challenge posed by the obesogenic digital (food) environment, and the stigma associated with obesity should not be overlooked. Preclinical research in animal models has been instrumental in elucidating these mechanisms, and translation into clinical practice has provided promising therapeutic options, including epigenetic approaches, pharmacotherapy, and bariatric surgery. However, more studies are necessary to discover new compounds that target key metabolic pathways, innovative ways to deliver the drugs, the optimal combinations of lifestyle interventions with allopathic treatments, and, last but not least, emerging biological markers for effective monitoring. With each passing day, the obesity crisis tightens its grip, threatening not only individual lives but also burdening healthcare systems and societies at large. It is high time we took action as we confront the urgent imperative to address this escalating global health challenge head-on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Cuciureanu
- Department of Pharmacology, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Cătălin-Cezar Caratașu
- Department of Pharmacology, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Center for Advanced Research and Development in Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Levon Gabrielian
- Department of Anatomy and Pathology, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Otilia Elena Frăsinariu
- Department of Mother and Child, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Laura Elisabeta Checheriță
- 2nd Dental Medicine Department, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Laura Mihaela Trandafir
- Department of Mother and Child, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Gabriela Dumitrița Stanciu
- Center for Advanced Research and Development in Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Andrei Szilagyi
- Center for Advanced Research and Development in Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ina Pogonea
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, "Nicolae Testemiţanu" State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Gabriela Bordeianu
- Department of Biochemistry, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Radu Petru Soroceanu
- Department of Surgery, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Călin Vasile Andrițoiu
- Specialization of Nutrition and Dietetics, "Vasile Goldis" Western University of Arad, 310025 Arad, Romania
| | - Maria Mihalache Anghel
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, "Nicolae Testemiţanu" State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Diana Munteanu
- Institute of Mother and Child, "Nicolae Testemiţanu" State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2062 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Irina Teodora Cernescu
- Department of Pharmacology, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Bogdan Ionel Tamba
- Department of Pharmacology, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Center for Advanced Research and Development in Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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Lange O, Proczko-Stepaniak M, Mika A. Short-Chain Fatty Acids-A Product of the Microbiome and Its Participation in Two-Way Communication on the Microbiome-Host Mammal Line. Curr Obes Rep 2023:10.1007/s13679-023-00503-6. [PMID: 37208544 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-023-00503-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The review aims to describe short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) as metabolites of bacteria, their complex influence on whole-body metabolism, and alterations in the SCFA profile in obesity and after bariatric surgery (BS). RECENT FINDINGS The fecal profile of SCFAs in obese patients differs from that of lean patients, as well as their gut microbiota composition. In obese patients, a lower diversity of bacteria is observed, as well as higher concentrations of SCFAs in stool samples. Obesity is now considered a global epidemic and bariatric surgery (BS) is an effective treatment for severe obesity. BS affects the structure and functioning of the digestive system, and also alters gut microbiota and the concentration of fecal SCFAs. Generally, after BS, SCFA levels are lower but levels of branched short-chain fatty acids (BSCFAs) are elevated, the effect of which is not fully understood. Moreover, changes in the profile of circulating SCFAs are little known and this is an area for further research. Obesity seems to be inherently associated with changes in the SCFA profile. It is necessary to better understand the impact of BS on microbiota and the metabolome in both feces and blood as only a small percentage of SCFAs are excreted. Further research may allow the development of a personalized therapeutic approach to the BS patient in terms of diet and prebiotic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliwia Lange
- Department of Environmental Analysis, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1, 80-211, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Monika Proczko-Stepaniak
- Department of General, Endocrine, and Transplant Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Adriana Mika
- Department of Environmental Analysis, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1, 80-211, Gdansk, Poland.
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Huang Y, Ying N, Zhao Q, Chen J, Teow SY, Dong W, Lin M, Jiang L, Zheng H. Amelioration of Obesity-Related Disorders in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice following Fecal Microbiota Transplantation from Inulin-Dosed Mice. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28103997. [PMID: 37241738 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28103997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of inulin in alleviating obesity-related disorders has been documented; yet, its underlying mechanisms still need to be further investigated. This study attempted to elucidate the causative link between the gut microbiota and the beneficial effect of inulin on obesity-related disorders via transferring the fecal microbiota from inulin-dosed mice to high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese recipient mice. The results show that inulin supplementation can decrease body weight, fat accumulation, and systemic inflammation and can also enhance glucose metabolism in HFD-induced obese mice. Treatment with inulin reshaped the structure and composition of the gut microbiota in HFD-induced obese mice, as characterized by increases in the relative abundances of Bifidobacterium and Muribaculum and decreases in unidentified_Lachnospiraceae and Lachnoclostridium. In addition, we found that these favorable effects of inulin could be partially transferable by fecal microbiota transplantation, and Bifidobacterium and Muribaculum might be the key bacterial genera. Therefore, our results suggest that inulin ameliorates obesity-related disorders by targeting the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinli Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Pingyang Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325400, China
| | - Na Ying
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Qihui Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Junli Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Sin-Yeang Teow
- College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou 325060, China
| | - Wei Dong
- Department of Endocrinology, Pingyang Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325400, China
| | - Minjie Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, Pingyang Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325400, China
| | - Lingling Jiang
- College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou 325060, China
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory for Applied Biomedical and Biopharmaceutical Informatics, Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou 325060, China
| | - Hong Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Pingyang Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325400, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
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Pezzino S, Sofia M, Mazzone C, Castorina S, Puleo S, Barchitta M, Agodi A, Gallo L, La Greca G, Latteri S. Gut Microbiome in the Progression of NAFLD, NASH and Cirrhosis, and Its Connection with Biotics: A Bibliometric Study Using Dimensions Scientific Research Database. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12050662. [PMID: 37237476 DOI: 10.3390/biology12050662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
There is growing evidence that gut microbiota dysbiosis is linked to the etiopathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), from the initial stage of disease until the progressive stage of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and the final stage of cirrhosis. Conversely, probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics have shown promise in restoring dysbiosis and lowering clinical indicators of disease in a number of both preclinical and clinical studies. Additionally, postbiotics and parabiotics have recently garnered some attention. The purpose of this bibliometric analysis is to assess recent publishing trends concerning the role of the gut microbiome in the progression of NAFLD, NASH and cirrhosis and its connection with biotics. The free access version of the Dimensions scientific research database was used to find publications in this field from 2002 to 2022. VOSviewer and Dimensions' integrated tools were used to analyze current research trends. Research into the following topics is expected to emerge in this field: (1) evaluation of risk factors which are correlated with the progression of NAFLD, such as obesity and metabolic syndrome; (2) pathogenic mechanisms, such as liver inflammation through toll-like receptors activation, or alteration of short-chain fatty acids metabolisms, which contribute to NAFLD development and its progression in more severe forms, such as cirrhosis; (3) therapy for cirrhosis through dysbiosis reduction, and research on hepatic encephalopathy a common consequence of cirrhosis; (4) evaluation of diversity, and composition of gut microbiome under NAFLD, and as it varies under NASH and cirrhosis by rRNA gene sequencing, a tool which can also be used for the development of new probiotics and explore into the impact of biotics on the gut microbiome; (5) treatments to reduce dysbiosis with new probiotics, such as Akkermansia, or with fecal microbiome transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Pezzino
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G. F. Ingrassia", Cannizzaro Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Sofia
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G. F. Ingrassia", Cannizzaro Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Chiara Mazzone
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G. F. Ingrassia", Cannizzaro Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Sergio Castorina
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G. F. Ingrassia", Cannizzaro Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Stefano Puleo
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G. F. Ingrassia", Cannizzaro Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Martina Barchitta
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G. F. Ingrassia", Cannizzaro Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Antonella Agodi
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G. F. Ingrassia", Cannizzaro Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Luisa Gallo
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G. F. Ingrassia", Cannizzaro Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Gaetano La Greca
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G. F. Ingrassia", Cannizzaro Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Saverio Latteri
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G. F. Ingrassia", Cannizzaro Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
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Aldubayan MA, Mao X, Laursen MF, Pigsborg K, Christensen LH, Roager HM, Nielsen DS, Hjorth MF, Magkos F. Supplementation with inulin-type fructans affects gut microbiota and attenuates some of the cardiometabolic benefits of a plant-based diet in individuals with overweight or obesity. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1108088. [PMID: 37181156 PMCID: PMC10167298 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1108088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The gut microbiota has emerged as a potential therapeutic target to improve the management of obesity and its comorbidities. Objective We investigated the impact of a high fiber (∼38 g/d) plant-based diet, consumed ad libitum, with or without added inulin-type fructans (ITF), on the gut microbiota composition and cardiometabolic outcomes in subjects with obesity. We also tested if baseline Prevotella/Bacteroides (P/B) ratio predicts weight loss outcomes. Methods This is a secondary exploratory analysis from the PREVENTOMICS study, in which 100 subjects (82 completers) aged 18-65 years with body mass index 27-40 kg/m2 were randomized to 10 weeks of double-blinded treatment with a personalized or a generic plant-based diet. Changes from baseline to end-of-trial in gut microbiota composition (16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing), body composition, cardiometabolic health and inflammatory markers were evaluated in the whole cohort (n = 82), and also compared in the subgroup of subjects who were supplemented with an additional 20 g/d ITF-prebiotics (n = 21) or their controls (n = 22). Results In response to the plant-based diet, all subjects lost weight (-3.2 [95% CI -3.9, -2.5] kg) and experienced significant improvements in body composition and cardiometabolic health indices. Addition of ITF to the plant-based diet reduced microbial diversity (Shannon index) and selectively increased Bifidobacterium and Faecalibacterium (q < 0.05). The change in the latter was significantly associated with higher values of insulin and HOMA-IR and lower HDL cholesterol. In addition, the LDL:HDL ratio and the concentrations of IL-10, MCP-1 and TNFα were significantly elevated in the ITF-subgroup. There was no relationship between baseline P/B ratio and changes in body weight (r = -0.07, p = 0.53). Conclusion A plant-based diet consumed ad libitum modestly decreases body weight and has multiple health benefits in individuals with obesity. Addition of ITF-prebiotics on top this naturally fiber-rich background selectively changes gut microbiota composition and attenuates some of the realized cardiometabolic benefits. Clinical trial registration [https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04590989], identifier [NCT04590989].
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Adnan Aldubayan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Xiaotian Mao
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Kristina Pigsborg
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars H. Christensen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik M. Roager
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dennis S. Nielsen
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mads Fiil Hjorth
- Obesity and Nutritional Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation, Tuborg Havnevej, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Faidon Magkos
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Kujawska A, López Sánchez GF, Hoti F, Kujawski S, Zalewski P, Kędziora-Kornatowska K. Relationship of the Behavior of Older Participants with Body Composition Change: Results of the Second Wave of the Cognition of Older People, Education, Recreational Activities, Nutrition, Comorbidities, and Functional Capacity Studies (COPERNICUS). Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081834. [PMID: 37111053 PMCID: PMC10142008 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To examine the relationship between the frequency of physical activities and food product consumption with body composition change after two years in a sample of older people. METHODS Body composition, mass change, frequency of physical activity, and food products consumption were measured. Depression severity, health self-assessment, cognitive function, and demographic data were included as confounders. RESULTS There were no significant changes in body composition except for a reduction in visceral fat level within two years (p < 0.05). Drinking beer and eating sweets a few times per week were associated with a significant increase in body fat percentage (p < 0.05). Drinking green or white tea more frequently than a few times per year was related to an increase in body fat (3.18 to 3.88%, p < 0.05). Contrarily, daily consumption of coffee was related to a decrease in body fat (p = 0.029). Subjects who ate sweets once a week or more frequently consumed coffee more often. CONCLUSIONS More frequent drinking of beer or of green or white tea and consumption of sweets were related to an increase in body fat percentage, while daily coffee consumption was related to a decrease in body fat percentage after two years in older, healthy subjects. Noteworthily, the frequencies of food product consumption are interrelated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Kujawska
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Functional Anatomy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Świętojańska 20, 85-077 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Guillermo F López Sánchez
- Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Flaka Hoti
- Department of Health Management, University of Gjakova "Fehmi Agani", 50000 Gjakova, Kosovo
| | - Sławomir Kujawski
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Functional Anatomy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Świętojańska 20, 85-077 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Paweł Zalewski
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Functional Anatomy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Świętojańska 20, 85-077 Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 1b Banacha Street, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kornelia Kędziora-Kornatowska
- Department of Geriatrics, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
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