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Ma F, Bian H, Jiao W, Zhang N. Single-cell RNA-seq reveals the role of YAP1 in prefrontal cortex microglia in depression. BMC Neurol 2024; 24:191. [PMID: 38849737 PMCID: PMC11157917 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-024-03685-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a complex mood disorder whose pathogenesis involves multiple cell types and molecular pathways. The prefrontal cortex, as a key brain region for emotional regulation, plays a crucial role in depression. Microglia, as immune cells of the central nervous system, have been closely linked to the development and progression of depression through their dysfunctional states. This study aims to utilize single-cell RNA-seq technology to reveal the pathogenic mechanism of YAP1 in prefrontal cortex microglia in depression. METHODS Firstly, we performed cell type identification and differential analysis on normal and depressed prefrontal cortex tissues by mining single-cell RNA-seq datasets from public databases. Focusing on microglia, we conducted sub-clustering, differential gene KEGG enrichment analysis, intercellular interaction analysis, and pseudotime analysis. Additionally, a cross-species analysis was performed to explore the similarities and differences between human and rhesus monkey prefrontal cortex microglia. To validate our findings, we combined bulk RNA-Seq and WGCNA analysis to reveal key genes associated with depression and verified the relationship between YAP1 and depression using clinical samples. RESULTS Our study found significant changes in the proportion and transcriptional profiles of microglia in depressed prefrontal cortex tissues. Further analysis revealed multiple subpopulations of microglia and their associated differential genes and signaling pathways related to depression. YAP1 was identified as a key molecule contributing to the development of depression and was significantly elevated in depression patients. Moreover, the expression level of YAP1 was positively correlated with HAMD scores, suggesting its potential as a biomarker for predicting the onset of depression. CONCLUSION This study utilized single-cell RNA-seq technology to reveal the pathogenic mechanism of YAP1 in prefrontal cortex microglia in depression, providing a new perspective for a deeper understanding of the pathophysiology of depression and identifying potential targets for developing novel treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenghui Ma
- Department of Health Management, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, China
| | - Hongjun Bian
- Department of Pediatrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710000, China
| | - Wenyan Jiao
- Department of Psychiatry, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710068, China
| | - Ni Zhang
- Department of Mental Health, Xi'an ZhongShengKaiXin Technology Development Co., Ltd., Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710000, China.
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2
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Novotná K, Tenora L, Slusher BS, Rais R. Therapeutic resurgence of 6-diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine (DON) through tissue-targeted prodrugs. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2024; 100:157-180. [PMID: 39034051 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
The recognition that rapidly proliferating cancer cells rely heavily on glutamine for their survival and growth has renewed interest in the development of glutamine antagonists for cancer therapy. Glutamine plays a pivotal role as a carbon source for synthesizing lipids and metabolites through the TCA cycle, as well as a nitrogen source for synthesis of amino acid and nucleotides. Numerous studies have explored the significance of glutamine metabolism in cancer, providing a robust rationale for targeting this metabolic pathway in cancer treatment. The glutamine antagonist 6-diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine (DON) has been explored as an anticancer therapeutic for nearly six decades. Initial investigations revealed remarkable efficacy in preclinical studies and promising outcomes in early clinical trials. However, further advancement of DON was hindered due to dose-limiting gastrointestinal (GI) toxicities as the GI system is highly dependent on glutamine for regulating growth and repair. In an effort to repurpose DON and mitigate gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity concerns, prodrug strategies were utilized. These strategies aimed to enhance the delivery of DON to specific target tissues, such as tumors and the central nervous system (CNS), while sparing DON delivery to normal tissues, particularly the GI tract. When administered at low daily doses, optimized for metabolic inhibition, these prodrugs exhibit remarkable effectiveness without inducing significant toxicity to normal tissues. This approach holds promise for overcoming past challenges associated with DON, offering an avenue for its successful utilization in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateřina Novotná
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Organic Chemistry, Charles University, Faculty of Science, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Tenora
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Organic Chemistry, Charles University, Faculty of Science, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbara S Slusher
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
| | - Rana Rais
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
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3
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Zhao M, Xu X, Xu H, Yang S, Li M, Wang W. The regulation of social factors on anxiety and microglial activity in nucleus accumbens of adolescent male mice: Influence of social interaction strategy. J Affect Disord 2024; 352:525-535. [PMID: 38403135 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.02.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescence is a period characterized by a high vulnerability to emotional disorders, which are modulated by biological, psychological, and social factors. However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. METHODS Combining physical or emotional social defeat stress (PS and ES) and pair or isolation rearing conditions, we investigated the effects of stress type and social support on emotional behavior and central immune molecules in adolescent mice, including anxiety, social fear, and social interaction strategies, as well as changes in microglia-specific molecules (ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1) and a cluster of differentiation molecule 11b (CD11b)) in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), hippocampus (HIP), amygdala (AMY), and nucleus accumbens (NAc). RESULTS Mice exposed to both physical stress and isolated rearing condition exhibited the highest levels of anxiety, social fear, and microglial CD11b expression in the NAc. In terms of social support, pair-housing with siblings ameliorated social fear and NAc molecular changes in ES mice, but not in PS mice. The reason for the differential benefit from social support was attributed to the fact that ES mice exhibited more active and less passive social strategies in social environment compared to PS mice. Further, the levels of stress-induced social fear were positively associated with the expression of microglial CD11b in the NAc. CONCLUSION These findings offer extensive evidence regarding the intricate effects of multiple social factors on social anxiety and immune alteration in the NAc of adolescent mice. Additionally, they suggest potential behavioral and immune intervention strategies for anxiety-related disorders in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xueping Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition, College of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Hang Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuming Yang
- Division of Clinical Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510062, China
| | - Man Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Weiwen Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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4
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Yue Z, Wang R, Li J, Tang M, Yang L, Gu H, Wang X, Sun T. Recent Advances in Polyoxometalate Based Nanoplatforms Mediated Reactive Oxygen Species Cancer Therapy. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202300749. [PMID: 37755123 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The potential of reactive oxygen species (ROS) cancer therapy in tumor treatment has been greatly enhanced by the introduction of catalytically superior polyoxometalate (POM)-based nanoplatforms, mainly composed of atomic clusters consisting of pre-transition metals and oxygen. These nanoplatforms have unique advantages, such as Fenton activity at neutral pH, induction of cellular ferroptosis instead of just apoptosis, and sensitivity to external field stimulation. However, there are also inevitable challenges such as neutralization of ROS by the antioxidant system of the tumor microenvironment (TME), hypoxia, and limited hydrogen peroxide concentrations. This review article aims to provide an overview of recent research advancements in POM-based nanoplatforms for ROS therapy from the perspective of chemical reactions and biological processes, addressing endogenous and exogenous factors that affect the antitumor efficacy. Endogenous factors include the mechanism of ROS generation by POM, the impact of pH and antioxidant systems on POM, and the various manners of tumor cell death. Exogenous stimuli mainly include light, heat, X-rays, and electricity. The article analyzes the specific mechanisms of action of each influencing factor in the first two sections, concluding with the limitations of the present study and some possible directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengya Yue
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Runjie Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Jialun Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Minglu Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Li Yang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Hao Gu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Xijin Wang
- The First Psychiatric Hospital of Harbin, Hongwei Road, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Tiedong Sun
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
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5
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Parveen S, Shen J, Lun S, Zhao L, Alt J, Koleske B, Leone RD, Rais R, Powell JD, Murphy JR, Slusher BS, Bishai WR. Glutamine metabolism inhibition has dual immunomodulatory and antibacterial activities against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7427. [PMID: 37973991 PMCID: PMC10654700 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43304-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of the most successful human pathogens, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) has evolved a diverse array of determinants to subvert host immunity and alter host metabolic patterns. However, the mechanisms of pathogen interference with host metabolism remain poorly understood. Here we show that a glutamine metabolism antagonist, JHU083, inhibits Mtb proliferation in vitro and in vivo. JHU083-treated mice exhibit weight gain, improved survival, a 2.5 log lower lung bacillary burden at 35 days post-infection, and reduced lung pathology. JHU083 treatment also initiates earlier T-cell recruitment, increased proinflammatory myeloid cell infiltration, and a reduced frequency of immunosuppressive myeloid cells when compared to uninfected and rifampin-treated controls. Metabolomic analysis of lungs from JHU083-treated Mtb-infected mice reveals citrulline accumulation, suggesting elevated nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, and lowered levels of quinolinic acid which is derived from the immunosuppressive metabolite kynurenine. JHU083-treated macrophages also produce more NO potentiating their antibacterial activity. When tested in an immunocompromised mouse model of Mtb infection, JHU083 loses its therapeutic efficacy suggesting the drug's host-directed effects are likely to be predominant. Collectively, these data reveal that JHU083-mediated glutamine metabolism inhibition results in dual antibacterial and host-directed activity against tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadiya Parveen
- Center for Tuberculosis Research, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jessica Shen
- Center for Tuberculosis Research, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shichun Lun
- Center for Tuberculosis Research, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jesse Alt
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Benjamin Koleske
- Center for Tuberculosis Research, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robert D Leone
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rana Rais
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jonathan D Powell
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Calico, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - John R Murphy
- Center for Tuberculosis Research, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Barbara S Slusher
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - William R Bishai
- Center for Tuberculosis Research, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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6
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Hasegawa Y, Kim J, Ursini G, Jouroukhin Y, Zhu X, Miyahara Y, Xiong F, Madireddy S, Obayashi M, Lutz B, Sawa A, Brown SP, Pletnikov MV, Kamiya A. Microglial cannabinoid receptor type 1 mediates social memory deficits in mice produced by adolescent THC exposure and 16p11.2 duplication. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6559. [PMID: 37880248 PMCID: PMC10600150 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42276-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Adolescent cannabis use increases the risk for cognitive impairments and psychiatric disorders. Cannabinoid receptor type 1 (Cnr1) is expressed not only in neurons and astrocytes, but also in microglia, which shape synaptic connections during adolescence. However, the role of microglia in mediating the adverse cognitive effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the principal psychoactive constituent of cannabis, is not fully understood. Here, we report that in mice, adolescent THC exposure produces microglial apoptosis in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), which was exacerbated in a model of 16p11.2 duplication, a representative copy number variation (CNV) risk factor for psychiatric disorders. These effects are mediated by microglial Cnr1, leading to reduction in the excitability of mPFC pyramidal-tract neurons and deficits in social memory in adulthood. Our findings suggest the microglial Cnr1 may contribute to adverse effect of cannabis exposure in genetically vulnerable individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Hasegawa
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Juhyun Kim
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Gianluca Ursini
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yan Jouroukhin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences SUNY, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Xiaolei Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yu Miyahara
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Feiyi Xiong
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Samskruthi Madireddy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mizuho Obayashi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Beat Lutz
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR) gGmbH, Mainz, Germany
| | - Akira Sawa
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Solange P Brown
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mikhail V Pletnikov
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences SUNY, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
| | - Atsushi Kamiya
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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7
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Hasegawa Y, Kim J, Ursini G, Jouroukhin Y, Zhu X, Miyahara Y, Xiong F, Madireddy S, Obayashi M, Lutz B, Sawa A, Brown SP, Pletnikov MV, Kamiya A. Microglial cannabinoid receptor type 1 mediates social memory deficits produced by adolescent THC exposure and 16p11.2 duplication. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.24.550212. [PMID: 37546830 PMCID: PMC10402026 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.24.550212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Adolescent cannabis use increases the risk for cognitive impairments and psychiatric disorders. Cannabinoid receptor type 1 (Cnr1) is expressed not only in neurons and astrocytes, but also in microglia, which shape synaptic connections during adolescence. Nonetheless, until now, the role of microglia in mediating the adverse cognitive effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the principal psychoactive constituent of cannabis, has been unexplored. Here, we report that adolescent THC exposure produces microglial apoptosis in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), which was exacerbated in the mouse model of 16p11.2 duplication, a representative copy number variation (CNV) risk factor for psychiatric disorders. These effects are mediated by microglial Cnr1, leading to reduction in the excitability of mPFC pyramidal-tract neurons and deficits in social memory in adulthood. Our findings highlight the importance of microglial Cnr1 to produce the adverse effect of cannabis exposure in genetically vulnerable individuals.
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8
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Jia P, Wang J, Ren X, He J, Wang S, Xing Y, Chen D, Zhang X, Zhou S, Liu X, Yu S, Li Z, Jiang C, Zang W, Chen X, Wang J. An enriched environment improves long-term functional outcomes in mice after intracerebral hemorrhage by mechanisms that involve the Nrf2/BDNF/glutaminase pathway. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2023; 43:694-711. [PMID: 36635875 PMCID: PMC10108193 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x221135419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Post-stroke depression exacerbates neurologic deficits and quality of life. Depression after ischemic stroke is known to some extent. However, depression after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is relatively unknown. Increasing evidence shows that exposure to an enriched environment (EE) after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury has neuroprotective effects in animal models, but its impact after ICH is unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect of EE on long-term functional outcomes in mice subjected to collagenase-induced striatal ICH. Mice were subjected to ICH with the standard environment (SE) or ICH with EE for 6 h/day (8:00 am-2:00 pm). Depressive, anxiety-like behaviors and cognitive tests were evaluated on day 28 with the sucrose preference test, tail suspension test, forced swim test, light-dark transition experiment, morris water maze, and novel object recognition test. Exposure to EE improved neurologic function, attenuated depressive and anxiety-like behaviors, and promoted spatial learning and memory. These changes were associated with increased expression of transcription factor Nrf2 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and inhibited glutaminase activity in the perihematomal tissue. However, EE did not change the above behavioral outcomes in Nrf2-/- mice on day 28. Furthermore, exposure to EE did not increase BDNF expression compared to exposure to SE in Nrf2-/- mice on day 28 after ICH. These findings indicate that EE improves long-term outcomes in sensorimotor, emotional, and cognitive behavior after ICH and that the underlying mechanism involves the Nrf2/BDNF/glutaminase pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peijun Jia
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
- School of Life Sciences,
Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junmin Wang
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiuhua Ren
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jinxin He
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shaoshuai Wang
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yinpei Xing
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Danyang Chen
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinling Zhang
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Siqi Zhou
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xi Liu
- Department of Neurology,
The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou,
China
| | - Shangchen Yu
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zefu Li
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chao Jiang
- Department of Neurology,
The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou,
China
| | - Weidong Zang
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
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9
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Zhu X, Sakamoto S, Ishii C, Smith MD, Ito K, Obayashi M, Unger L, Hasegawa Y, Kurokawa S, Kishimoto T, Li H, Hatano S, Wang TH, Yoshikai Y, Kano SI, Fukuda S, Sanada K, Calabresi PA, Kamiya A. Dectin-1 signaling on colonic γδ T cells promotes psychosocial stress responses. Nat Immunol 2023; 24:625-636. [PMID: 36941398 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01447-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal immune system interacts with commensal microbiota to maintain gut homeostasis. Furthermore, stress alters the microbiome composition, leading to impaired brain function; yet how the intestinal immune system mediates these effects remains elusive. Here we report that colonic γδ T cells modulate behavioral vulnerability to chronic social stress via dectin-1 signaling. We show that reduction in specific Lactobacillus species, which are involved in T cell differentiation to protect the host immune system, contributes to stress-induced social-avoidance behavior, consistent with our observations in patients with depression. Stress-susceptible behaviors derive from increased differentiation in colonic interleukin (IL)-17-producing γδ T cells (γδ17 T cells) and their meningeal accumulation. These stress-susceptible cellular and behavioral phenotypes are causally mediated by dectin-1, an innate immune receptor expressed in γδ T cells. Our results highlight the previously unrecognized role of intestinal γδ17 T cells in the modulation of psychological stress responses and the importance of dectin-1 as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of stress-induced behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shinji Sakamoto
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Chiharu Ishii
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
| | - Matthew D Smith
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Koki Ito
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Mizuho Obayashi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lisa Unger
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yuto Hasegawa
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shunya Kurokawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taishiro Kishimoto
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Hills Joint Research Laboratory for Future Preventive Medicine and Wellness, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hui Li
- Departments of Mechanical Engineering and Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- School of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - Shinya Hatano
- Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tza-Huei Wang
- Departments of Mechanical Engineering and Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yasunobu Yoshikai
- Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Kano
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Shinji Fukuda
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
- Gut Environmental Design Group, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Kawasaki, Japan
- Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Laboratory for Regenerative Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Sanada
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Peter A Calabresi
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Atsushi Kamiya
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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10
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Nguyen TTT, Katt WP, Cerione RA. Alone and together: current approaches to targeting glutaminase enzymes as part of anti-cancer therapies. FUTURE DRUG DISCOVERY 2023; 4:FDD79. [PMID: 37009252 PMCID: PMC10051075 DOI: 10.4155/fdd-2022-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is a major hallmark of malignant transformation in cancer, and part of the so-called Warburg effect, in which the upregulation of glutamine catabolism plays a major role. The glutaminase enzymes convert glutamine to glutamate, which initiates this pathway. Inhibition of different forms of glutaminase (KGA, GAC, or LGA) demonstrated potential as an emerging anti-cancer therapeutic strategy. The regulation of these enzymes, and the molecular basis for their inhibition, have been the focus of much recent research. This review will explore the recent progress in understanding the molecular basis for activation and inhibition of different forms of glutaminase, as well as the recent focus on combination therapies of glutaminase inhibitors with other anti-cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy-Tien T Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - William P Katt
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Richard A Cerione
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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11
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Zou J, Shang W, Yang L, Liu T, Wang L, Li X, Zhao J, Rao X, Gao J, Fan X. Microglia activation in the mPFC mediates anxiety-like behaviors caused by Staphylococcus aureus strain USA300. Brain Behav 2022; 12:e2715. [PMID: 35977050 PMCID: PMC9480961 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is considered as one of the major causative agents of serious hospital- and community-acquired infections. Recent studies have reported that S. aureus infection induced neuroinflammation and was linked with some mental disorders. To evaluate the effects of S. aureus infection on abnormal behaviors, we conducted the present study. METHODS A S. aureus USA300-infected mouse model was established using bacterial suspension injection into tail vein. A series of behavioral tests were performed after USA300 infection. The expression of cytokines was detected in serum and mPFC. The number and some morphological parameters of microglia were also evaluated by immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS Anxiety-like behaviors, instead of locomotor activity impairment or depression-like behaviors, were observed in mice infected with S. aureus USA300 compared with control. S. aureus USA300 infection caused overexpression of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β in serum, resulted in microglial over-activation and excessive release of proinflammatory cytokines in the mPFC. In addition, overexpression of TLR2 accompanied by increased GLS1 and p-STAT3 was observed in the mPFC of mice infected with S. aureus USA300. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that S. aureus USA300 infection can lead to neuroinflammation in the mPFC of mice, which may contribute to the development of anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Zou
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Weilong Shang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering under the Educational Committee in Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Tianyao Liu
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Lian Wang
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jinghui Zhao
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xiancai Rao
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering under the Educational Committee in Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Junwei Gao
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaotang Fan
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
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12
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Chen W, Zhang Y, Zhai X, Xie L, Guo Y, Chen C, Li Y, Wang F, Zhu Z, Zheng L, Wan J, Li P. Microglial phagocytosis and regulatory mechanisms after stroke. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2022; 42:1579-1596. [PMID: 35491825 PMCID: PMC9441720 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x221098841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Stroke, including ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke can cause massive neuronal death and disruption of brain structure, which is followed by secondary inflammatory injury initiated by pro-inflammatory molecules and cellular debris. Phagocytic clearance of cellular debris by microglia, the brain's scavenger cells, is pivotal for neuroinflammation resolution and neurorestoration. However, microglia can also exacerbate neuronal loss by phagocytosing stressed-but-viable neurons in the penumbra, thereby expanding the injury area and hindering neurofunctional recovery. Microglia constantly patrol the central nervous system using their processes to scour the cellular environment and start or cease the phagocytosis progress depending on the "eat me" or "don't eat me'' signals on cellular surface. An optimal immune response requires a delicate balance between different phenotypic states to regulate neuro-inflammation and facilitate reconstruction after stroke. Here, we examine the literature and discuss the molecular mechanisms and cellular pathways regulating microglial phagocytosis, their resulting effects in brain injury and neural regeneration, as well as the potential therapeutic targets that might modulate microglial phagocytic activity to improve neurological function after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueman Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaozhu Zhai
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lv Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunlu Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fajun Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Ziyu Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jieqing Wan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Peiying Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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13
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Bell BJ, Hollinger KR, Deme P, Sakamoto S, Hasegawa Y, Volsky D, Kamiya A, Haughey N, Zhu X, Slusher BS. Glutamine antagonist JHU083 improves psychosocial behavior and sleep deficits in EcoHIV-infected mice. Brain Behav Immun Health 2022; 23:100478. [PMID: 35734753 PMCID: PMC9207540 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Combined antiretroviral therapy ushered an era of survivable HIV infection in which people living with HIV (PLH) conduct normal life activities and enjoy measurably extended lifespans. However, despite viral control, PLH often experience a variety of cognitive, emotional, and physical phenotypes that diminish their quality of life, including cognitive impairment, depression, and sleep disruption. Recently, accumulating evidence has linked persistent CNS immune activation to the overproduction of glutamate and upregulation of glutaminase (GLS) activity, particularly in microglial cells, driving glutamatergic imbalance with neurological consequences. Our lab has developed a brain-penetrant prodrug of the glutamine antagonist 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine (DON), JHU083, that potently inhibits brain GLS activity in mice following oral administration. To assess the therapeutic potential of JHU083, we infected mice with EcoHIV and characterized their neurobehavioral phenotypes. EcoHIV-infected mice exhibited decreased social interaction, suppressed sucrose preference, disrupted sleep during the early rest period, and increased sleep fragmentation, similar to what has been reported in PLH but not yet observed in murine models. At doses shown to inhibit microglial GLS, JHU083 treatment ameliorated all of the abnormal neurobehavioral phenotypes. To explore potential mechanisms underlying this effect, hippocampal microglia were isolated for RNA sequencing. The dysregulated genes and pathways in EcoHIV-infected hippocampal microglia pointed to disruptions in immune functions of these cells, which were partially restored by JHU083 treatment. These findings suggest that upregulation of microglial GLS may affect immune functions of these cells. Thus, brain-penetrable GLS inhibitors like JHU083 could act as a potential therapeutic modality for both glutamate excitotoxicity and aberrant immune activation in microglia in chronic HIV infection.
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14
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Zhu X, Hollinger KR, Huang Y, Borjabad A, Kim BH, Arab T, Thomas AG, Moniruzzaman M, Lovell L, Turchinovich A, Witwer KW, Volsky DJ, Haughey NJ, Slusher BS. Neutral sphingomyelinase 2 inhibition attenuates extracellular vesicle release and improves neurobehavioral deficits in murine HIV. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 169:105734. [PMID: 35462006 PMCID: PMC9202342 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
People living with HIV (PLH) have significantly higher rates of cognitive impairment (CI) and major depressive disorder (MDD) versus the general population. The enzyme neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (nSMase2) is involved in the biogenesis of ceramide and extracellular vesicles (EVs), both of which are dysregulated in PLH, CI, and MDD. Here we evaluated EcoHIV-infected mice for behavioral abnormalities relevant to depression and cognition deficits, and assessed the behavioral and biochemical effects of nSMase2 inhibition. Mice were infected with EcoHIV and daily treatment with either vehicle or the nSMase2 inhibitor (R)-(1-(3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2,6-dimethylimidazo[1,2-b]pyridazin-8-yl)pyrrolidin-3-yl)-carbamate (PDDC) began 3 weeks post-infection. After 2 weeks of treatment, mice were subjected to behavior tests. EcoHIV-infected mice exhibited behavioral abnormalities relevant to MDD and CI that were reversed by PDDC treatment. EcoHIV infection significantly increased cortical brain nSMase2 activity, resulting in trend changes in sphingomyelin and ceramide levels that were normalized by PDDC treatment. EcoHIV-infected mice also exhibited increased levels of brain-derived EVs and altered microRNA cargo, including miR-183-5p, miR-200c-3p, miR-200b-3p, and miR-429-3p, known to be associated with MDD and CI; all were normalized by PDDC. In conclusion, inhibition of nSMase2 represents a possible new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of HIV-associated CI and MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Zhu
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kristen R Hollinger
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yiyao Huang
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alejandra Borjabad
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Division, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, New York, USA
| | - Boe-Hyun Kim
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Division, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, New York, USA
| | - Tanina Arab
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ajit G Thomas
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mohammed Moniruzzaman
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lyndah Lovell
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Andrey Turchinovich
- Heidelberg Biolabs GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Cancer Genome Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kenneth W Witwer
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David J Volsky
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Division, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, New York, USA
| | - Norman J Haughey
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Barbara S Slusher
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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15
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Yu Q, Tu H, Yin X, Peng C, Dou C, Yang W, Wu W, Guan X, Li J, Yan H, Zang Y, Jiang H, Xia Q. Targeting Glutamine Metabolism Ameliorates Autoimmune Hepatitis via Inhibiting T Cell Activation and Differentiation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:880262. [PMID: 35663990 PMCID: PMC9160195 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.880262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is mediated by a cascade of T cell-mediated events directed at liver cells and persistent inflammation within the liver can eventually result in liver cirrhosis. Targeting glutamine metabolism has an impact on T cell activation and differentiation. However, the effect of glutamine metabolism blocking upon AIH remains unknown. We use glutaminase antagonist 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine (DON) for in vitro assays and its prodrug 2-(2-amino-4-methylpentanamido)-DON (JHU083) for in vivo assays to investigate the potential therapeutic effect and molecular mechanism of glutamine metabolism blocking in an AIH murine model. Methods AIH mice were treated with JHU083 or vehicle before concanavalin A (ConA) administration, and disease severity was examined. Then activation and differentiation [including Th1/Th17 cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL)] of T cells from Vehicle-WT, JHU083-AIH and Vehicle-AIH mice were tested. Furthermore, in vitro T cell activation and differentiation were measured using separated splenocytes stimulated with ConA with or without DON. The activation and differentiation of T cells were tested using flow cytometry, qRT-PCR and ELISA. Phosphorylation level of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and 70 kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase (P70S6K) were examined by western blotting. Results JHU083 and DON significantly suppressed the activation of T cells and inhibited the differentiation of Th1/Th17 cells and CTL in vivo and in vitro. Besides, we demonstrated that glutamine metabolism blocking inhibited T cells activation and differentiation through decreasing the mRNA expression of amino acid transporter solute carrier family 7 member 5 (SLC7A5) and mitigating the activation of mTOR signaling. Conclusions We proved that targeting glutamine metabolism represents a potential new treatment strategy for patients with AIH and other T cell-mediated disease. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that glutamine metabolism blocking inhibits T cells activation and suppresses the differentiation of Th1/Th17 cells and CTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Yu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Honghu Tu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueyi Yin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanyun Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenbiao Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaotong Guan
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hexin Yan
- Department of Anesthesia, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - Haowen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Xia
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Transplantation and Immunology, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Transplantation, Shanghai, China
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16
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Li M, Bai F, Yao L, Qin Y, Chen K, Xin T, Ma X, Ma Y, Zhou Y, Dai H, Li R, Li X, Yang K. Economic Evaluation of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression: A Systematic Review. VALUE IN HEALTH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2022; 25:1030-1041. [PMID: 35422392 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2021.11.1379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to conduct a systematic review of cost-utility studies of internet-based and face-to-face cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for depression from childhood to adulthood and to examine their reporting and methodological quality. METHODS A structured search for cost-utility studies concerning CBT for depression was performed in 7 comprehensive databases from their inception to July 2020. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, abstracted data, and assessed quality using the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards and Quality of Health Economic Studies checklists. The primary outcome was the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) across all studies. To make a relevant comparison of the ICERs across the identified studies, cost data were inflated to the year 2020 and converted into US dollars. RESULTS Thirty-eight studies were included in this review, of which 26 studies (68%) were deemed of high methodological quality and 12 studies (32%) of fair quality. Despite differences in study designs and settings, the conclusions of most included studies for adult depression were general agreement; they showed that face-to-face CBT monotherapy or combination therapy compared with antidepressants and usual care for adult depression were cost-effective from the societal, health system, or payer perspective (ICER -$241 212.4/quality-adjusted life-year [QALY] to $33 032.47/QALY, time horizon 12-60 months). Internet-based CBT regardless of guided or unguided also has a significant cost-effectiveness advantage (ICER -$37 717.52/QALY to $73 841.34/QALY, time horizon 3-36 months). In addition, CBT was cost-effective in preventing depression (ICER -$23 932.07/QALY to $26 092.02/QALY, time horizon 9-60 months). Nevertheless, the evidence for the cost-effectiveness of CBT for children and adolescents was still ambiguous. CONCLUSIONS Fair or high-quality evidence showed that CBT monotherapy or combination therapy for adult depression was cost-effective; whether CBT-related therapy was cost-effective for children and adolescents depression remains inconclusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meixuan Li
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Health Technology Assessment Center, Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fei Bai
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; National Center for Medical Service Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Yao
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Yu Qin
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Health Technology Assessment Center, Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kaiyue Chen
- Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Tianjiao Xin
- Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoya Ma
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - YinXia Ma
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yinjuan Zhou
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hui Dai
- The First School of Clinical Medicine Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Rui Li
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Health Technology Assessment Center, Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiuxia Li
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Health Technology Assessment Center, Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kehu Yang
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Health Technology Assessment Center, Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China.
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17
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Chen G, Xu Q, Feng Z, Xu Q, Zhang X, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Liang XJ, Yu Z, Yu M. Glutamine Antagonist Synergizes with Electrodynamic Therapy to Induce Tumor Regression and Systemic Antitumor Immunity. ACS NANO 2022; 16:951-962. [PMID: 34978417 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c08544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Electrodynamic therapy (EDT) combining nanotechnology with electronic current was used in this study to generate highly cytotoxic oxidative hydroxyl radicals (·OH) for tumor destruction. However, increasing evidence suggests that EDT treatment alone for one time still faces great challenges in achieving long-term tumor suppression in an immunosuppressive environment, which would raise the risk of later tumor recurrence. Benefitting from the marvelous potential of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated dynamic therapies in tumor immunocombination therapy due to their immunogenic cell death (ICD) effect, a glutamine antagonist 6-diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine (DON)-loaded nanocarrier (Pt-Pd@DON) was designed for combination therapy (EDT and immunotherapy) against tumor recurrence and metastasis. The protective immune response was motivated in highly immunosuppressive tumors by the joint functions of ICD and CD8+ T cell infiltration promoted by DON. A great therapeutic efficacy has been demonstrated in primary and metastatic tumor models, respectively. This study has provided an effective thought way for clinical highly immunosuppressive tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Qing Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Zhenzhen Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Qinqin Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Xuhui Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Xing-Jie Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Meng Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
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18
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Hollinger KR, Sharma A, Tallon C, Lovell L, Thomas AG, Zhu X, Wiseman R, Wu Y, Kambhampati SP, Liaw K, Sharma R, Rojas C, Rais R, Kannan S, Kannan RM, Slusher BS. Dendrimer-2PMPA selectively blocks upregulated microglial GCPII activity and improves cognition in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. Nanotheranostics 2022; 6:126-142. [PMID: 34976589 PMCID: PMC8671953 DOI: 10.7150/ntno.63158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is a common aspect of multiple sclerosis (MS) for which there are no treatments. Reduced brain N-acetylaspartylglutamate (NAAG) levels are linked to impaired cognition in various neurological diseases, including MS. NAAG levels are regulated by glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII), which hydrolyzes the neuropeptide to N-acetyl-aspartate and glutamate. GCPII activity is upregulated multifold in microglia following neuroinflammation. Although several GCPII inhibitors, such as 2-PMPA, elevate brain NAAG levels and restore cognitive function in preclinical studies when given at high systemic doses or via direct brain injection, none are clinically available due to poor bioavailability and limited brain penetration. Hydroxyl-dendrimers have been successfully used to selectively deliver drugs to activated glia. Methods: We attached 2-PMPA to hydroxyl polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers (D-2PMPA) using a click chemistry approach. Cy5-labelled-D-2PMPA was used to visualize selective glial uptake in vitro and in vivo. D-2PMPA was evaluated for anti-inflammatory effects in LPS-treated glial cultures. In experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE)-immunized mice, D-2PMPA was dosed biweekly starting at disease onset and cognition was assessed using the Barnes maze, and GCPII activity was measured in CD11b+ hippocampal cells. Results: D-2PMPA showed preferential uptake into microglia and robust anti-inflammatory activity, including elevations in NAAG, TGFβ, and mGluR3 in glial cultures. D-2PMPA significantly improved cognition in EAE mice, even though physical severity was unaffected. GCPII activity increased >20-fold in CD11b+ cells from EAE mice, which was significantly mitigated by D-2PMPA treatment. Conclusions: Hydroxyl dendrimers facilitate targeted drug delivery to activated microglia. These data support further development of D-2PMPA to attenuate elevated microglial GCPII activity and treat cognitive impairment in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anjali Sharma
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Carolyn Tallon
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lyndah Lovell
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ajit G Thomas
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xiaolei Zhu
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robyn Wiseman
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ying Wu
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Siva P Kambhampati
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kevin Liaw
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rishi Sharma
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Camilo Rojas
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rana Rais
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sujatha Kannan
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Kennedy Krieger Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rangaramanujam M Kannan
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Kennedy Krieger Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Barbara S Slusher
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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19
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Tallon C, Sharma A, Zhang Z, Thomas AG, Ng J, Zhu X, Donoghue A, Schulte M, Joe TR, Kambhampati SP, Sharma R, Liaw K, Kannan S, Kannan RM, Slusher BS. Dendrimer-2PMPA Delays Muscle Function Loss and Denervation in a Murine Model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Neurotherapeutics 2022; 19:274-288. [PMID: 34984651 PMCID: PMC9130402 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-021-01159-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease where muscle weakness and neuromuscular junction (NMJ) denervation precede motor neuron cell death. Although acetylcholine is the canonical neurotransmitter at the mammalian NMJ synapse, glutamate has recently been identified as a critical neurotransmitter for NMJ development and maintenance. One source of glutamate is through the catabolism of N-acetyl-aspartyl-glutamate (NAAG), which is found in mM concentrations in mammalian motoneurons, where it is released upon stimulation and hydrolyzed to glutamate by the glial enzyme glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII). Using the SOD1G93A model of ALS, we found an almost fourfold elevation of GCPII enzymatic activity in SOD1G93A versus WT muscle and a robust increase in GCPII expression which was specifically associated with activated macrophages infiltrating the muscle. 2-(Phosphonomethyl)pentanedioic acid (2PMPA) is a potent GCPII inhibitor which robustly blocks glutamate release from NAAG but is highly polar with limited tissue penetration. To improve this, we covalently attached 2PMPA to a hydroxyl polyamidoamine (PAMAM-G4-OH) dendrimer delivery system (D-2PMPA) which is known to target activated macrophages in affected tissues. Systemic D-2PMPA therapy (20 mg/kg 2PMPA equivalent; IP 2 × /week) was found to localize in muscle macrophages in SOD1G93A mice and completely normalize the enhanced GCPII activity. Although no changes in body weight or survival were observed, D-2PMPA significantly improved grip strength and inhibited the loss of NMJ innervation in the gastrocnemius muscles. Our finding that inhibiting elevated GCPII activity in SOD1G93A muscle can prolong muscle function and delay NMJ denervation may have early therapeutic implications for ALS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn Tallon
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Anjali Sharma
- Center for Nanomedicine-Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Zhi Zhang
- Center for Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, MI, 48128, USA
| | - Ajit G Thomas
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Justin Ng
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Xiaolei Zhu
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Amanda Donoghue
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Michael Schulte
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Tawnjerae R Joe
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Siva P Kambhampati
- Center for Nanomedicine-Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Rishi Sharma
- Center for Nanomedicine-Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Kevin Liaw
- Center for Nanomedicine-Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Sujatha Kannan
- Center for Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
- Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy-Krieger, Inc, Baltimore, USA
| | - Rangaramanujam M Kannan
- Center for Nanomedicine-Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
- Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy-Krieger, Inc, Baltimore, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Barbara S Slusher
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 855 N. Wolfe Street, Rangos 278, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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20
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Ji C, Tang Y, Zhang Y, Li C, Liang H, Ding L, Xia X, Xiong L, Qi XR, Zheng JC. Microglial glutaminase 1 deficiency mitigates neuroinflammation associated depression. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 99:231-245. [PMID: 34678461 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutaminase 1 (GLS1) has recently been reported to be expressed in microglia and plays a crucial role in neuroinflamation. Significantly increased level of GLS1 mRNA expression together with neuroinflammation pathway were observed in postmortem prefrontal cortex from depressed patients. To find out the function of microglial GLS1 in depression and neuroinflammation, we generated transgenic mice (GLS1 cKO), postnatally losing GLS1 in microglia, to detect changes in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced depression model. LPS-induced anxiety/depression-like behavior was attenuated in GLS1 cKO mice, paralleled by a significant reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokines and an abnormal microglia morphological phenotype in the prefrontal cortex. Reduced neuroinflammation by GLS1 deficient microglia was a result of less reactive astrocytes, as GLS1 deficiency enhanced miR-666-3p and miR-7115-3p levels in extracellular vesicles released from microglia, thus suppressing astrocyte activation via inhibiting Serpina3n expression. Together, our data reveal a novel mechanism of GLS1 in neuroinflammation and targeting GLS1 in microglia may be a novel strategy to alleviate neuroinflammation-related depression and other disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhui Ji
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yalin Tang
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Congcong Li
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Huazheng Liang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200070, China; Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200070, China
| | - Lu Ding
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Xiaohuan Xia
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Lize Xiong
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200070, China; Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200070, China
| | - Xin-Rui Qi
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Jialin C Zheng
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
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21
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Hasegawa Y, Namkung H, Smith A, Sakamoto S, Zhu X, Ishizuka K, Lane AP, Sawa A, Kamiya A. Causal impact of local inflammation in the nasal cavity on higher brain function and cognition. Neurosci Res 2021; 172:110-115. [PMID: 33932551 PMCID: PMC10693917 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2021.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological evidence suggests that adverse environmental factors in the nasal cavity may increase the risk for neuropsychiatric diseases. For instance, air pollution and nasal viral infection have been underscored as risk factors for Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, and mood disorders. These adverse factors can elicit local inflammation in the nasal cavity, which may in turn influence higher brain function. Nevertheless, evidence that directly supports their causal link is missing. To fill this knowledge gap, we used an inducible mouse model for olfactory inflammation and showed the evidence that this local pathological factor can elicit behavioral abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Hasegawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Ho Namkung
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Amy Smith
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Shinji Sakamoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Xiaolei Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Koko Ishizuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Andrew P Lane
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Akira Sawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA; Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA; Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
| | - Atsushi Kamiya
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
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22
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Sakamoto S, Zhu X, Hasegawa Y, Karma S, Obayashi M, Alway E, Kamiya A. Inflamed brain: Targeting immune changes and inflammation for treatment of depression. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2021; 75:304-311. [PMID: 34227186 PMCID: PMC8683253 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Although there are a number of clinically effective treatments for depression, many patients exhibit treatment resistance. Recent clinical and preclinical studies reveal that peripheral and brain immune changes and inflammation are involved in the pathophysiology of depression. This 'Inflamed Brain' research provides critical clues for understanding of disease pathophysiology and many candidate molecules that are potentially useful for identifying novel drug targets for the treatment of depression. In this review, we will present clinical evidence on the role of inflammation in the pathophysiology of depression. We will also summarize current clinical trials which test drugs targeting inflammation for the treatment of patients with depression. Furthermore, we will briefly provide preclinical evidence demonstrating altered immune system function and inflammation in stress-induced animal models and will discuss the future potential of inflammation-related drug targets. Collectively, inflammatory signatures identified in clinical and preclinical studies may allow us to stratify depressive patients based on biotypes, contributing to the development of novel mechanism-based interventions that target specific patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Sakamoto
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xiaolei Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yuto Hasegawa
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sadik Karma
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mizuho Obayashi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Emily Alway
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Atsushi Kamiya
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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23
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Hollinger KR, Zhu X, Khoury ES, Thomas AG, Liaw K, Tallon C, Wu Y, Prchalova E, Kamiya A, Rojas C, Kannan S, Slusher BS. Glutamine Antagonist JHU-083 Normalizes Aberrant Hippocampal Glutaminase Activity and Improves Cognition in APOE4 Mice. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 77:437-447. [PMID: 32675407 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the emergent aging population, the identification of effective treatments for Alzheimer's disease (AD) is critical. OBJECTIVE We investigated the therapeutic efficacy of JHU-083, a brain-penetrable glutamine antagonist, in treating AD using the humanized APOE4 knock-in mouse model. METHODS Cell culture studies were performed using BV2 cells and primary microglia isolated from hippocampi of adult APOE4 knock-in mice to evaluate the effect of JHU-083 treatment on LPS-induced glutaminase (GLS) activity and inflammatory markers. Six-month-old APOE4 knock-in mice were administered JHU-083 or vehicle via oral gavage 3x/week for 4-5 months and cognitive performance was assessed using the Barnes maze. Target engagement in the brain was confirmed using a radiolabeled GLS enzymatic activity assay, and electrophysiology, gastrointestinal histology, blood chemistry, and CBC analyses were conducted to evaluate the tolerability of JHU-083. RESULTS JHU-083 inhibited the LPS-mediated increases in GLS activity, nitic oxide release, and pro-inflammatory cytokine production in cultured BV2 cells and primary microglia isolated from APOE4 knock-in AD mice. Chronic treatment with JHU-083 in APOE4 mice improved hippocampal-dependent Barnes maze performance. Consistent with the cell culture findings,postmortem analyses of APOE4 mice showed increased GLS activity in hippocampal CD11b+ enriched cells versus age-matched controls, which was completely normalized by JHU-083 treatment. JHU-083 was well-tolerated, showing no weight loss effect or overt behavioral changes. Peripheral nerve function, gastrointestinal histopathology, and CBC/clinical chemistry parameters were all unaffected by chronic JHU-083 treatment. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the attenuation of upregulated hippocampal glutaminase by JHU-083 represents a new therapeutic strategy for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen R Hollinger
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Departments of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Departments of Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xiaolei Zhu
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Departments of Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth S Khoury
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ajit G Thomas
- Departments of Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kevin Liaw
- Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Carolyn Tallon
- Departments of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Departments of Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ying Wu
- Departments of Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eva Prchalova
- Departments of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Departments of Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Atsushi Kamiya
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Camilo Rojas
- Departments of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Departments of Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sujatha Kannan
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Barbara S Slusher
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Departments of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Departments of Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Departments of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Departments of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Departments of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Departments of Oncology, and Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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24
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Sakamoto S, Mallah D, Medeiros DJ, Dohi E, Imai T, Rose IVL, Matoba K, Zhu X, Kamiya A, Kano SI. Alterations in circulating extracellular vesicles underlie social stress-induced behaviors in mice. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 11:2678-2692. [PMID: 34043886 PMCID: PMC8487053 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress induces peripheral and intracerebral immune changes and inflammation, contributing to neuropathology and behavioral abnormalities relevant to psychiatric disorders such as depression. Although the pathological implication of many peripheral factors such as pro‐inflammatory cytokines, hormones, and macrophages has been demonstrated, the roles of circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) for chronic stress mechanisms remain poorly investigated. Here, we report that chronic social defeat stress (CSDS)‐induced social avoidance phenotype, assessed by a previously untested three‐chamber social approach test, can be distinguished by multiple pro‐inflammatory cytokines and EV‐associated molecular signatures in the blood. We found that the expression patterns of miRNAs distinguished the CSDS‐susceptible mice from the CSDS‐resilient mice. Social avoidance behavior scores were also estimated with good accuracy by the expression patterns of multiple EV‐associated miRNAs. We also demonstrated that EVs enriched from the CSDS‐susceptible mouse sera upregulated the production of pro‐inflammatory cytokines in the LPS‐stimulated microglia‐like cell lines. Our results indicate the role of circulating EVs and associated miRNAs in CSDS susceptibility, which may be related to pro‐inflammatory mechanisms underlying stress‐induced neurobehavioral outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Sakamoto
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dania Mallah
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Destynie J Medeiros
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Eisuke Dohi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Takashi Imai
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Indigo V L Rose
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ken Matoba
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Xiaolei Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Atsushi Kamiya
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shin-Ichi Kano
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA
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25
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Inhibitory Effect of a Glutamine Antagonist on Proliferation and Migration of VSMCs via Simultaneous Attenuation of Glycolysis and Oxidative Phosphorylation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115602. [PMID: 34070527 PMCID: PMC8198131 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) contribute to the development of atherosclerosis and restenosis. Glycolysis and glutaminolysis are increased in rapidly proliferating VSMCs to support their increased energy requirements and biomass production. Thus, it is essential to develop new pharmacological tools that regulate metabolic reprogramming in VSMCs for treatment of atherosclerosis. The effects of 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine (DON), a glutamine antagonist, have been broadly investigated in highly proliferative cells; however, it is unclear whether DON inhibits proliferation of VSMCs and neointima formation. Here, we investigated the effects of DON on neointima formation in vivo as well as proliferation and migration of VSMCs in vitro. DON simultaneously inhibited FBS- or PDGF-stimulated glycolysis and glutaminolysis as well as mammalian target of rapamycin complex I activity in growth factor-stimulated VSMCs, and thereby suppressed their proliferation and migration. Furthermore, a DON-derived prodrug, named JHU-083, significantly attenuated carotid artery ligation-induced neointima formation in mice. Our results suggest that treatment with a glutamine antagonist is a promising approach to prevent progression of atherosclerosis and restenosis.
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26
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Pham K, Maxwell MJ, Sweeney H, Alt J, Rais R, Eberhart CG, Slusher BS, Raabe EH. Novel Glutamine Antagonist JHU395 Suppresses MYC-Driven Medulloblastoma Growth and Induces Apoptosis. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2021; 80:336-344. [PMID: 33712838 PMCID: PMC7985826 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlab018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor. Amplification of c-MYC is a hallmark of a subset of poor-prognosis medulloblastoma. MYC upregulates glutamine metabolism across many types of cancer. We modified the naturally occurring glutamine antagonist 6-diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine (DON) by adding 2 promoeities to increase its lipophilicity and brain penetration creating the prodrug isopropyl 6-diazo-5-oxo-2-(((phenyl (pivaloyloxy) methoxy) - carbonyl) amino) hexanoate, termed JHU395. This prodrug was shown to have a 10-fold improved CSF-to-plasma ratio and brain-to-plasma ratio relative to DON. We hypothesized that JHU395 would have superior cell penetration compared with DON and would effectively and more potently kill MYC-expressing medulloblastoma. JHU395 treatment caused decreased growth and increased apoptosis in multiple human high-MYC medulloblastoma cell lines at lower concentrations than DON. Parenteral administration of JHU395 in Nu/Nu mice led to the accumulation of micromolar concentrations of DON in brain. Treatment of mice bearing orthotopic xenografts of human MYC-amplified medulloblastoma with JHU395 increased median survival from 26 to 45 days compared with vehicle control mice (p < 0.001 by log-rank test). These data provide preclinical justification for the ongoing development and testing of brain-targeted DON prodrugs for use in medulloblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khoa Pham
- From the Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Micah J Maxwell
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Heather Sweeney
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jesse Alt
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Rana Rais
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Charles G Eberhart
- From the Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Barbara S Slusher
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Eric H Raabe
- From the Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Zhao S, Sheng S, Wang Y, Ding L, Xu X, Xia X, Zheng JC. Astrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles: A double-edged sword in central nervous system disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 125:148-159. [PMID: 33626395 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that astrocytes released a great quantity of extracellular vesicles (AEVs) to communicate with other brain cells. Under pathological conditions, AEVs are widely associated with the pathogenesis of neurobiological diseases by horizontally transferring pathogenic factors to neighboring cells or peripheral immune cells. Their beneficial role is also evident by the fact that they are involved in neuroprotection and neuroregeneration through alleviating apoptosis, maintaining neuronal function, and repairing neural injuries. The strong association of AEVswith neurological disorders makes AEVs a promising target for disease diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. The identification of disease-specific cargos in AEVs isolated from the patients' biofluids suggests AEVs as an attractive platform for biomarker development. Furthermore, the inhibition of inflammatory/toxic AEV release and the preservation of neuroprotective AEV release have been considered as potential therapeutic strategies in CNS disorder treatment and prevention, respectively. Here, we summarize the biological roles of AEVs as pathological contributors, protective/regenerative factors, and potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for neurological disorders, with a focus on recent progresses and emerging concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Zhao
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Shiyang Sheng
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Lu Ding
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Xiaonan Xu
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Xiaohuan Xia
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China; Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200434, China.
| | - Jialin C Zheng
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China; Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200434, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5930, USA.
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28
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Yang S, Qin C, Hu ZW, Zhou LQ, Yu HH, Chen M, Bosco DB, Wang W, Wu LJ, Tian DS. Microglia reprogram metabolic profiles for phenotype and function changes in central nervous system. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 152:105290. [PMID: 33556540 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In response to various types of environmental and cellular stress, microglia rapidly activate and exhibit either pro- or anti-inflammatory phenotypes to maintain tissue homeostasis. Activation of microglia can result in changes in morphology, phagocytosis capacity, and secretion of cytokines. Furthermore, microglial activation also induces changes to cellular energy demand, which is dependent on the metabolism of various metabolic substrates including glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids. Accumulating evidence demonstrates metabolic reprogramming acts as a key driver of microglial immune response. For instance, microglia in pro-inflammatory states preferentially use glycolysis for energy production, whereas, cells in anti-inflammatory states are mainly powered by oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid oxidation. In this review, we summarize recent findings regarding microglial metabolic pathways under physiological and pathological circumtances. We will then discuss how metabolic reprogramming can orchestrate microglial response to a variety of central nervous system pathologies. Finally, we highlight how manipulating metabolic pathways can reprogram microglia towards beneficial functions, and illustrate the therapeutic potential for inflammation-related neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Yang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Chuan Qin
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zi-Wei Hu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Luo-Qi Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Hai-Han Yu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Man Chen
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Dale B Bosco
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, United States of America
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Long-Jun Wu
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, United States of America.
| | - Dai-Shi Tian
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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Ding L, Xu X, Li C, Wang Y, Xia X, Zheng JC. Glutaminase in microglia: A novel regulator of neuroinflammation. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 92:139-156. [PMID: 33278560 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is the inflammatory responses that are involved in the pathogenesis of most neurological disorders. Glutaminase (GLS) is the enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of glutamine to produce glutamate. Besides its well-known role in cellular metabolism and excitatory neurotransmission, GLS has recently been increasingly noticed to be up-regulated in activated microglia under pathological conditions. Furthermore, GLS overexpression induces microglial activation, extracellular vesicle secretion, and neuroinflammatory microenvironment formation, which, are compromised by GLS inhibitors in vitro and in vivo. These results indicate that GLS has more complicated implications in brain disease etiology than what are previously known. In this review, we introduce GLS isoforms, expression patterns in the body and the brain, and expression/activities regulation. Next, we discuss the metabolic and neurotransmission functions of GLS. Afterwards, we summarize recent findings of GLS-mediated microglial activation and pro-inflammatory extracellular vesicle secretion, which, in turns, induces neuroinflammation. Lastly, we provide a comprehensive discussion for the involvement of microglial GLS in the pathogenesis of various neurological disorders, indicating microglial GLS as a promising target to treat these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Ding
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Xiaonan Xu
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Congcong Li
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200434, China.
| | - Xiaohuan Xia
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200434, China.
| | - Jialin C Zheng
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200434, China; Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5930, USA.
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30
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Guo X, Rao Y, Mao R, Cui L, Fang Y. Common cellular and molecular mechanisms and interactions between microglial activation and aberrant neuroplasticity in depression. Neuropharmacology 2020; 181:108336. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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31
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Yamashita AS, da Costa Rosa M, Stumpo V, Rais R, Slusher BS, Riggins GJ. The glutamine antagonist prodrug JHU-083 slows malignant glioma growth and disrupts mTOR signaling. Neurooncol Adv 2020; 3:vdaa149. [PMID: 33681764 PMCID: PMC7920530 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdaa149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolic reprogramming is a common feature in cancer, and it is critical to facilitate cancer cell growth. Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1/2 (IDH1 and IDH2) mutations (IDHmut) are the most common genetic alteration in glioma grade II and III and secondary glioblastoma and these mutations increase reliance on glutamine metabolism, suggesting a potential vulnerability. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the brain penetrant glutamine antagonist prodrug JHU-083 reduces glioma cell growth. Material and Methods We performed cell growth, cell cycle, and protein expression in glutamine deprived or Glutaminase (GLS) gene silenced glioma cells. We tested the effect of JHU-083 on cell proliferation, metabolism, and mTOR signaling in cancer cell lines. An orthotopic IDH1R132H glioma model was used to test the efficacy of JHU-083 in vivo. Results Glutamine deprivation and GLS gene silencing reduced glioma cell proliferation in vitro in glioma cells. JHU-083 reduced glioma cell growth in vitro, modulated cell metabolism, and disrupted mTOR signaling and downregulated Cyclin D1 protein expression, through a mechanism independent of TSC2 modulation and glutaminolysis. IDH1R132H isogenic cells preferentially reduced cell growth and mTOR signaling downregulation. In addition, guanine supplementation partially rescued IDHmut glioma cell growth, mTOR signaling, and Cyclin D1 protein expression in vitro. Finally, JHU-083 extended survival in an intracranial IDH1 mut glioma model and reduced intracranial pS6 protein expression. Conclusion Targeting glutamine metabolism with JHU-083 showed efficacy in preclinical models of IDHmut glioma and measurably decreased mTOR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Shimura Yamashita
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Marina da Costa Rosa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Vittorio Stumpo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Rana Rais
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Barbara S Slusher
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Gregory J Riggins
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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32
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Gao G, Li C, Zhu J, Wang Y, Huang Y, Zhao S, Sheng S, Song Y, Ji C, Li C, Yang X, Ye L, Qi X, Zhang Y, Xia X, Zheng JC. Glutaminase 1 Regulates Neuroinflammation After Cerebral Ischemia Through Enhancing Microglial Activation and Pro-Inflammatory Exosome Release. Front Immunol 2020; 11:161. [PMID: 32117296 PMCID: PMC7020613 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia induces a robust neuroinflammatory response that is largely mediated by the activation of CNS resident microglia. Activated microglia produce pro-inflammatory molecules to cause neuronal damage. Identifying regulators of microglial activation bears great potential in discovering promising candidates for neuroprotection post cerebral ischemia. Previous studies demonstrate abnormal elevation of glutaminase 1 (GLS1) in microglia in chronic CNS disorders including Alzheimer's disease and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. Ectopic expression of GLS1 induced microglia polarization into pro-inflammatory phenotype and exosome release in vitro. However, whether GLS1 is involved in neuroinflammation in acute brain injury remains unknown. Here, we observed activation of microglia, elevation of GLS1 expression, and accumulation of pro-inflammatory exosomes in rat brains 72 h post focal cerebral ischemia. Treatment with CB839, a glutaminase inhibitor, reversed ischemia-induced microglial activation, inflammatory response, and exosome release. Furthermore, we found that the application of exosome secretion inhibitor, GW4869, displayed similar anti-inflammatory effects to that of CB839, suggesting GLS1-mediated exosome release may play an important role in the formation of neuroinflammatory microenvironment. Therefore, GLS1 may serve as a key mediator and promising target of neuroinflammatory response in cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Gao
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Congcong Li
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunlong Huang
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Shu Zhao
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiyang Sheng
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Song
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenhui Ji
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunhong Li
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Ye
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinrui Qi
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohuan Xia
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialin C Zheng
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Leone RD, Zhao L, Englert JM, Sun IM, Oh MH, Sun IH, Arwood ML, Bettencourt IA, Patel CH, Wen J, Tam A, Blosser RL, Prchalova E, Alt J, Rais R, Slusher BS, Powell JD. Glutamine blockade induces divergent metabolic programs to overcome tumor immune evasion. Science 2019; 366:1013-1021. [PMID: 31699883 PMCID: PMC7023461 DOI: 10.1126/science.aav2588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 631] [Impact Index Per Article: 126.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The metabolic characteristics of tumors present considerable hurdles to immune cell function and cancer immunotherapy. Using a glutamine antagonist, we metabolically dismantled the immunosuppressive microenvironment of tumors. We demonstrate that glutamine blockade in tumor-bearing mice suppresses oxidative and glycolytic metabolism of cancer cells, leading to decreased hypoxia, acidosis, and nutrient depletion. By contrast, effector T cells responded to glutamine antagonism by markedly up-regulating oxidative metabolism and adopting a long-lived, highly activated phenotype. These divergent changes in cellular metabolism and programming form the basis for potent antitumor responses. Glutamine antagonism therefore exposes a previously undefined difference in metabolic plasticity between cancer cells and effector T cells that can be exploited as a "metabolic checkpoint" for tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert D Leone
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Liang Zhao
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Judson M Englert
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Im-Meng Sun
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Min-Hee Oh
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Im-Hong Sun
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Matthew L Arwood
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Ian A Bettencourt
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Chirag H Patel
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Jiayu Wen
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Ada Tam
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Richard L Blosser
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Eva Prchalova
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jesse Alt
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Rana Rais
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Barbara S Slusher
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jonathan D Powell
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
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Hollinger KR, Smith MD, Kirby LA, Prchalova E, Alt J, Rais R, Calabresi PA, Slusher BS. Glutamine antagonism attenuates physical and cognitive deficits in a model of MS. NEUROLOGY(R) NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION 2019; 6:e609. [PMID: 31467038 PMCID: PMC6745721 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000000609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To measure the impact of JHU-083, a novel prodrug of the glutamine antagonist 6-diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine, on immune cell proliferation and activation, along with physical and cognitive impairments associated with the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model of MS. METHODS Splenic-derived T cells and bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) were cultured, activated, and treated daily with vehicle or JHU-083. Proliferation and activation were measured via flow cytometry and IncuCyte live cell analysis. C57BL/6 mice were immunized for EAE. Vehicle or JHU-083 was administered orally every other day either from the time of immunization in the prevention paradigm or from the time of disease onset in the treatment paradigm. Disease scores and body weight were monitored. In the treatment paradigm, cognition was evaluated using the Barnes maze test. RESULTS JHU-083 selectively inhibits T-cell proliferation and decreases T-cell activation, with no effect on DCs. In vivo, orally administered JHU-083 significantly decreases EAE severity in both prevention and treatment paradigms and reverses EAE-induced cognitive impairment. CONCLUSIONS JHU-083, a well-tolerated, brain penetrable glutamine antagonist, is a promising novel treatment for both the physical and cognitive deficits of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen R Hollinger
- From the Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery (K.R.H., E.P., J.A., R.R., B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University; and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (K.R.H., B.S.S.), Department of Neurology (K.R.H., M.D.S., L.A.K., E.P., R.R., P.A.C., B.S.S.), Department of Neuroscience (B.S.S.), Department of Medicine (B.S.S.), Department of Oncology (B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Matthew D Smith
- From the Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery (K.R.H., E.P., J.A., R.R., B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University; and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (K.R.H., B.S.S.), Department of Neurology (K.R.H., M.D.S., L.A.K., E.P., R.R., P.A.C., B.S.S.), Department of Neuroscience (B.S.S.), Department of Medicine (B.S.S.), Department of Oncology (B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Leslie A Kirby
- From the Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery (K.R.H., E.P., J.A., R.R., B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University; and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (K.R.H., B.S.S.), Department of Neurology (K.R.H., M.D.S., L.A.K., E.P., R.R., P.A.C., B.S.S.), Department of Neuroscience (B.S.S.), Department of Medicine (B.S.S.), Department of Oncology (B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Eva Prchalova
- From the Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery (K.R.H., E.P., J.A., R.R., B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University; and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (K.R.H., B.S.S.), Department of Neurology (K.R.H., M.D.S., L.A.K., E.P., R.R., P.A.C., B.S.S.), Department of Neuroscience (B.S.S.), Department of Medicine (B.S.S.), Department of Oncology (B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jesse Alt
- From the Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery (K.R.H., E.P., J.A., R.R., B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University; and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (K.R.H., B.S.S.), Department of Neurology (K.R.H., M.D.S., L.A.K., E.P., R.R., P.A.C., B.S.S.), Department of Neuroscience (B.S.S.), Department of Medicine (B.S.S.), Department of Oncology (B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Rana Rais
- From the Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery (K.R.H., E.P., J.A., R.R., B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University; and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (K.R.H., B.S.S.), Department of Neurology (K.R.H., M.D.S., L.A.K., E.P., R.R., P.A.C., B.S.S.), Department of Neuroscience (B.S.S.), Department of Medicine (B.S.S.), Department of Oncology (B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Peter A Calabresi
- From the Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery (K.R.H., E.P., J.A., R.R., B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University; and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (K.R.H., B.S.S.), Department of Neurology (K.R.H., M.D.S., L.A.K., E.P., R.R., P.A.C., B.S.S.), Department of Neuroscience (B.S.S.), Department of Medicine (B.S.S.), Department of Oncology (B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
| | - Barbara S Slusher
- From the Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery (K.R.H., E.P., J.A., R.R., B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University; and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (K.R.H., B.S.S.), Department of Neurology (K.R.H., M.D.S., L.A.K., E.P., R.R., P.A.C., B.S.S.), Department of Neuroscience (B.S.S.), Department of Medicine (B.S.S.), Department of Oncology (B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
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35
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Udupa S, Nguyen S, Hoang G, Nguyen T, Quinones A, Pham K, Asaka R, Nguyen K, Zhang C, Elgogary A, Jung JG, Xu Q, Fu J, Thomas AG, Tsukamoto T, Hanes J, Slusher BS, Cooper AJL, Le A. Upregulation of the Glutaminase II Pathway Contributes to Glutamate Production upon Glutaminase 1 Inhibition in Pancreatic Cancer. Proteomics 2019; 19:e1800451. [PMID: 31231915 PMCID: PMC6851409 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The targeting of glutamine metabolism specifically via pharmacological inhibition of glutaminase 1 (GLS1) has been translated into clinical trials as a novel therapy for several cancers. The results, though encouraging, show room for improvement in terms of tumor reduction. In this study, the glutaminase II pathway is found to be upregulated for glutamate production upon GLS1 inhibition in pancreatic tumors. Moreover, genetic suppression of glutamine transaminase K (GTK), a key enzyme of the glutaminase II pathway, leads to the complete inhibition of pancreatic tumorigenesis in vivo unveiling GTK as a new metabolic target for cancer therapy. These results suggest that current trials using GLS1 inhibition as a therapeutic approach targeting glutamine metabolism in cancer should take into account the upregulation of other metabolic pathways that can lead to glutamate production; one such pathway is the glutaminase II pathway via GTK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunag Udupa
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Stephanie Nguyen
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Giang Hoang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Tu Nguyen
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Addison Quinones
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Khoa Pham
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Ryoichi Asaka
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Kiet Nguyen
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Cissy Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Amira Elgogary
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Jin G Jung
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Qingguo Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Wilmer Eye Institute Center for Nanomedicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Jie Fu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Wilmer Eye Institute Center for Nanomedicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Ajit G Thomas
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Takashi Tsukamoto
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Justin Hanes
- Department of Ophthalmology and Wilmer Eye Institute Center for Nanomedicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Barbara S Slusher
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Arthur J L Cooper
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA
| | - Anne Le
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
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36
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Hanaford AR, Alt J, Rais R, Wang SZ, Kaur H, Thorek DLJ, Eberhart CG, Slusher BS, Martin AM, Raabe EH. Orally bioavailable glutamine antagonist prodrug JHU-083 penetrates mouse brain and suppresses the growth of MYC-driven medulloblastoma. Transl Oncol 2019; 12:1314-1322. [PMID: 31340195 PMCID: PMC6657308 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2019.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A subset of poor-prognosis medulloblastoma has genomic amplification of MYC. MYC regulates glutamine metabolism in multiple cellular contexts. We modified the glutamine analog 6-diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine (DON) to mask its carboxylate and amine functionalities, creating a prodrug termed JHU-083 with increased oral bioavailability. We hypothesized that this prodrug would kill MYC-expressing medulloblastoma. JHU-083 treatment caused decreased growth and increased apoptosis in human MYC-expressing medulloblastoma cell lines. We generated a mouse MYC-driven medulloblastoma model by transforming C57BL/6 mouse cerebellar stem and progenitor cells. When implanted into the brains of C57BL/6 mice, these cells formed large cell/anaplastic tumors that resembled aggressive medulloblastoma. A cell line derived from this model was sensitive to JHU-083 in vitro. Oral administration of JHU-038 led to the accumulation of micromolar concentrations of DON in the mouse brain. JHU-083 treatment significantly increased the survival of immune-competent animals bearing orthotopic tumors formed by the mouse cerebellar stem cell model as well as immune-deficient animals bearing orthotopic tumors formed by a human MYC-amplified medulloblastoma cell line. These data provide pre-clinical justification for the ongoing development and testing of orally bioavailable DON prodrugs for use in medulloblastoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison R Hanaford
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jesse Alt
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
| | - Rana Rais
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
| | - Sabrina Z Wang
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Daniel L J Thorek
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Charles G Eberhart
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
| | - Barbara S Slusher
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
| | - Allison M Martin
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287.
| | - Eric H Raabe
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287.
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37
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Nedelcovych MT, Kim BH, Zhu X, Lovell LE, Manning AA, Kelschenbach J, Hadas E, Chao W, Prchalová E, Dash RP, Wu Y, Alt J, Thomas AG, Rais R, Kamiya A, Volsky DJ, Slusher BS. Glutamine Antagonist JHU083 Normalizes Aberrant Glutamate Production and Cognitive Deficits in the EcoHIV Murine Model of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2019; 14:391-400. [PMID: 31209775 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-019-09859-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) have been linked to dysregulation of glutamate metabolism in the central nervous system (CNS) culminating in elevated extracellular glutamate and disrupted glutamatergic neurotransmission. Increased glutamate synthesis via upregulation of glutaminase (GLS) activity in brain immune cells has been identified as one potential source of excess glutamate in HAND. However, direct evidence for this hypothesis in an animal model is lacking, and the viability of GLS as a drug target has not been explored. In this brief report, we demonstrate that GLS inhibition with the glutamine analogue 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine (DON) can reverse cognitive impairment in the EcoHIV-infected mouse model of HAND. However, due to peripheral toxicity DON is not amenable to clinical use in a chronic disease such as HAND. We thus tested JHU083, a novel, brain penetrant DON prodrug predicted to exhibit improved tolerability. Systemic administration of JHU083 reversed cognitive impairment in EcoHIV-infected mice similarly to DON, and simultaneously normalized EcoHIV-induced increases in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) glutamate and GLS activity in microglia-enriched brain CD11b + cells without observed toxicity. These studies support the mechanistic involvement of elevated microglial GLS activity in HAND pathogenesis, and identify JHU083 as a potential treatment option. Graphical Abstract Please provide Graphical Abstract caption.Glutamine Antagonist JHU083 Normalizes Aberrant Glutamate Production and Cognitive Deficits in the EcoHIV Murine Model of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders .
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Nedelcovych
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, 855 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Boe-Hyun Kim
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Annenberg Building Floor 21, Room 42, 1468 Madison Ave, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Xiaolei Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lyndah E Lovell
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, 855 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Arena A Manning
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jennifer Kelschenbach
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Annenberg Building Floor 21, Room 42, 1468 Madison Ave, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Eran Hadas
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Annenberg Building Floor 21, Room 42, 1468 Madison Ave, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Wei Chao
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Annenberg Building Floor 21, Room 42, 1468 Madison Ave, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Eva Prchalová
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, 855 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ranjeet P Dash
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, 855 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ying Wu
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, 855 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jesse Alt
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, 855 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ajit G Thomas
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, 855 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rana Rais
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, 855 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Atsushi Kamiya
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David J Volsky
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Annenberg Building Floor 21, Room 42, 1468 Madison Ave, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
| | - Barbara S Slusher
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, 855 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. .,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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38
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Hasegawa Y, Zhu X, Kamiya A. NV-5138 as a fast-acting antidepressant via direct activation of mTORC1 signaling. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:2207-2209. [PMID: 31107245 DOI: 10.1172/jci129702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence implicates altered mTORC1 signaling cascades in the pathophysiology of depression, suggesting that direct modulation of mTORC1 signaling may offer novel therapeutic potential. In this issue of the JCI, Kato and colleagues reported that administration of NV-5138, a recently developed synthetic leucine analog, has a rapid and sustained antidepressant action in rat models via activation of mTORC1 signaling. The investigators also found that the antidepressant effect of NV-5138 is mediated by upregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling and that NV-5138 treatment produces rapid synaptic responses in the medial prefrontal cortex. These findings highlight the direct activation of mTORC1 signaling as a potential pharmacological intervention for the treatment of depression.
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39
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MRI demonstrates glutamine antagonist-mediated reversal of cerebral malaria pathology in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E12024-E12033. [PMID: 30514812 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1812909115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The deadliest complication of Plasmodium falciparum infection is cerebral malaria (CM), with a case fatality rate of 15 to 25% in African children despite effective antimalarial chemotherapy. No adjunctive treatments are yet available for this devastating disease. We previously reported that the glutamine antagonist 6-diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine (DON) rescued mice from experimental CM (ECM) when administered late in the infection, a time by which mice had already suffered blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction, brain swelling, and hemorrhaging. Herein, we used longitudinal MR imaging to visualize brain pathology in ECM and the impact of a new DON prodrug, JHU-083, on disease progression in mice. We demonstrate in vivo the reversal of disease markers in symptomatic, infected mice following treatment, including the resolution of edema and BBB disruption, findings usually associated with a fatal outcome in children and adults with CM. Our results support the premise that JHU-083 is a potential adjunctive treatment that could rescue children and adults from fatal CM.
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