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Espona-Fiedler M, Patthey C, Lindblad S, Sarró I, Öhlund D. Overcoming therapy resistance in pancreatic cancer: New insights and future directions. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 229:116492. [PMID: 39153553 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is predicted to become the second leading cause of cancer deaths by 2030 and this is mostly due to therapy failure. Limited treatment options and resistance to standard-of-care (SoC) therapies makes PDAC one of the cancer types with poorest prognosis and survival rates [1,2]. Pancreatic tumors are renowned for their poor response to therapeutic interventions including targeted therapies, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Herein, we review hallmarks of therapy resistance in PDAC and current strategies aiming to tackle escape mechanisms and to re-sensitize cancer cells to therapy. We will further provide insights on recent advances in the field of drug discovery, nanomedicine, and disease models that are setting the ground for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Espona-Fiedler
- Department of Diagnostic and Intervention, Umeå Universitet, Umeå, Sweden; Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå Universitet, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Cedric Patthey
- Department of Diagnostic and Intervention, Umeå Universitet, Umeå, Sweden; Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå Universitet, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Stina Lindblad
- Department of Diagnostic and Intervention, Umeå Universitet, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Irina Sarró
- Department of Diagnostic and Intervention, Umeå Universitet, Umeå, Sweden; Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Öhlund
- Department of Diagnostic and Intervention, Umeå Universitet, Umeå, Sweden; Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå Universitet, Umeå, Sweden.
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2
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Yan J, Chen D, Ye Z, Zhu X, Li X, Jiao H, Duan M, Zhang C, Cheng J, Xu L, Li H, Yan D. Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic significance of Tryptophan Metabolism and signaling in cancer. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:241. [PMID: 39472902 PMCID: PMC11523861 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-02164-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 10/24/2024] [Indexed: 11/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Tryptophan (Trp) metabolism involves three primary pathways: the kynurenine (Kyn) pathway (KP), the 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin, 5-HT) pathway, and the indole pathway. Under normal physiological conditions, Trp metabolism plays crucial roles in regulating inflammation, immunity, and neuronal function. Key rate-limiting enzymes such as indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), Trp-2,3-dioxygenase (TDO), and kynurenine monooxygenase (KMO) drive these metabolic processes. Imbalances in Trp metabolism are linked to various cancers and often correlate with poor prognosis and adverse clinical characteristics. Dysregulated Trp metabolism fosters tumor growth and immune evasion primarily by creating an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Activation of the KP results in the production of immunosuppressive metabolites like Kyn, which modulate immune responses and promote oncogenesis mainly through interaction with the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). Targeting Trp metabolism therapeutically has shown significant potential, especially with the development of small-molecule inhibitors for IDO1, TDO, and other key enzymes. These inhibitors disrupt the immunosuppressive signals within the TME, potentially restoring effective anti-tumor immune responses. Recently, IDO1 inhibitors have been tested in clinical trials, showing the potential to enhance the effects of existing cancer therapies. However, mixed results in later-stage trials underscore the need for a deeper understanding of Trp metabolism and its complex role in cancer. Recent advancements have also explored combining Trp metabolism inhibitors with other treatments, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, to enhance therapeutic efficacy and overcome resistance mechanisms. This review summarizes the current understanding of Trp metabolism and signaling in cancer, detailing the oncogenic mechanisms and clinical significance of dysregulated Trp metabolism. Additionally, it provides insights into the challenges in developing Trp-targeted therapies and future research directions aimed at optimizing these therapeutic strategies and improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yan
- Department of MRI, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Di Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zi Ye
- Department of Scientific Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xuqiang Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xueyuan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Henan Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Mengjiao Duan
- Department of MRI, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chaoli Zhang
- Department of MRI, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingliang Cheng
- Department of MRI, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lixia Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Hongjiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Dongming Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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Liang XH, Chen XY, Yan Y, Cheng AY, Lin JY, Jiang YX, Chen HZ, Jin JM, Luan X. Targeting metabolism to enhance immunotherapy within tumor microenvironment. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:2011-2022. [PMID: 38811773 PMCID: PMC11420344 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-024-01304-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer metabolic reprogramming has been considered an emerging hallmark in tumorigenesis and the antitumor immune response. Like cancer cells, immune cells within the tumor microenvironment or premetastatic niche also undergo extensive metabolic reprogramming, which profoundly impacts anti-tumor immune responses. Numerous evidence has illuminated that immunosuppressive TME and the metabolites released by tumor cells, including lactic acid, Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), fatty acids (FAs), cholesterol, D-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid (2-HG), adenosine (ADO), and kynurenine (KYN) can contribute to CD8+ T cell dysfunction. Dynamic alterations of these metabolites between tumor cells and immune cells can similarly initiate metabolic competition in the TME, leading to nutrient deprivation and subsequent microenvironmental acidosis, which impedes immune response. This review summarizes the new landscape beyond the classical metabolic pathways in tumor cells, highlighting the pivotal role of metabolic disturbance in the immunosuppressive microenvironment, especially how nutrient deprivation in TME leads to metabolic reprogramming of CD8+ T cells. Likewise, it emphasizes the current therapeutic targets or strategies related to tumor metabolism and immune response, providing therapeutic benefits for tumor immunotherapy and drug development in the future. Cancer metabolic reprogramming has been considered an emerging hallmark in tumorigenesis and the antitumor immune response. Dynamic alterations of metabolites between tumor cells and immune cells initiate metabolic competition in the TME, leading to nutrient deprivation and subsequent microenvironmental acidosis, which impedes immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hui Liang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research and Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xin-Yi Chen
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research and Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yue Yan
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research and Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ao-Yu Cheng
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research and Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jia-Yi Lin
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research and Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yi-Xin Jiang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research and Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hong-Zhuan Chen
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research and Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Jin-Mei Jin
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research and Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Xin Luan
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research and Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Kuo LW, Crump LS, O’Neill K, Williams MM, Christenson JL, Spoelstra NS, Roy MK, Argabright A, Reisz JA, D’Alessandro A, Boorgula MP, Goodspeed A, Bickerdike M, Bitler BG, Richer JK. Blocking Tryptophan Catabolism Reduces Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Invasive Capacity. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:2699-2713. [PMID: 39311710 PMCID: PMC11484926 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-24-0272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE TDO2 is more highly expressed than the nonhomologous TRP-catabolizing enzyme IDO1 in TNBC. We find that TDO2 knockdown can lead to a compensatory increase in IDO1. Therefore, we tested a newly developed TDO2/IDO1 dual inhibitor and found that it decreases TRP catabolism, anchorage-independent survival, and invasive capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wei Kuo
- Cancer Biology Training Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
| | - Lyndsey S. Crump
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
| | - Kathleen O’Neill
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
| | - Michelle M. Williams
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
| | - Jessica L. Christenson
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
| | - Nicole S. Spoelstra
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
| | - Micaela Kalani Roy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
| | - Amy Argabright
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
| | - Julie A. Reisz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
| | - Angelo D’Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
| | - Meher P. Boorgula
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
| | - Andrew Goodspeed
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
| | | | - Benjamin G. Bitler
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
| | - Jennifer K. Richer
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
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Chen HJ, Sévin DC, Griffith GR, Vappiani J, Booty LM, van Roomen CPAA, Kuiper J, Dunnen JD, de Jonge WJ, Prinjha RK, Mander PK, Grandi P, Wyspianska BS, de Winther MPJ. Integrated metabolic-transcriptomic network identifies immunometabolic modulations in human macrophages. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114741. [PMID: 39276347 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages exhibit diverse phenotypes and respond flexibly to environmental cues through metabolic remodeling. In this study, we present a comprehensive multi-omics dataset integrating intra- and extracellular metabolomes with transcriptomic data to investigate the metabolic impact on human macrophage function. Our analysis establishes a metabolite-gene correlation network that characterizes macrophage activation. We find that the concurrent inhibition of tryptophan catabolism by IDO1 and IL4I1 inhibitors suppresses the macrophage pro-inflammatory response, whereas single inhibition leads to pro-inflammatory activation. We find that a subset of anti-inflammatory macrophages activated by Fc receptor signaling promotes glycolysis, challenging the conventional concept of reduced glycolysis preference in anti-inflammatory macrophages. We demonstrate that cholesterol accumulation suppresses macrophage IFN-γ responses. Our integrated network enables the discovery of immunometabolic features, provides insights into macrophage functional metabolic reprogramming, and offers valuable resources for researchers exploring macrophage immunometabolic characteristics and potential therapeutic targets for immune-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Jen Chen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Experimental Vascular Biology, Atherosclerosis and Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Guillermo R Griffith
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Experimental Vascular Biology, Atherosclerosis and Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Lee M Booty
- Immunology Network, Immunology Research Unit, GSK, SG1 2NY Stevenage, UK
| | - Cindy P A A van Roomen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Experimental Vascular Biology, Atherosclerosis and Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Johan Kuiper
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, 2333 CL Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen den Dunnen
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wouter J de Jonge
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rab K Prinjha
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, SG1 2NY Stevenage, UK
| | - Palwinder K Mander
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, SG1 2NY Stevenage, UK
| | | | - Beata S Wyspianska
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, SG1 2NY Stevenage, UK
| | - Menno P J de Winther
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Experimental Vascular Biology, Atherosclerosis and Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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6
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Kew C, Prieto-Garcia C, Bhattacharya A, Tietgen M, MacNair CR, Carfrae LA, Mello-Vieira J, Klatt S, Cheng YL, Rathore R, Gradhand E, Fleming I, Tan MW, Göttig S, Kempf VAJ, Dikic I. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor and FOS mediate cytotoxicity induced by Acinetobacter baumannii. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7939. [PMID: 39261458 PMCID: PMC11390868 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52118-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is a pathogenic and multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterium that causes severe nosocomial infections. To better understand the mechanism of pathogenesis, we compare the proteomes of uninfected and infected human cells, revealing that transcription factor FOS is the host protein most strongly induced by A. baumannii infection. Pharmacological inhibition of FOS reduces the cytotoxicity of A. baumannii in cell-based models, and similar results are also observed in a mouse infection model. A. baumannii outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are shown to activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) of host cells by inducing the host enzyme tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase (TDO), producing the ligand kynurenine, which binds AHR. Following ligand binding, AHR is a direct transcriptional activator of the FOS gene. We propose that A. baumannii infection impacts the host tryptophan metabolism and promotes AHR- and FOS-mediated cytotoxicity of infected cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Kew
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Cristian Prieto-Garcia
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Anshu Bhattacharya
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Manuela Tietgen
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Hospital of the Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
- University Center of Competence for Infection Control of the State of Hesse, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Craig R MacNair
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lindsey A Carfrae
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - João Mello-Vieira
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stephan Klatt
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Department of Molecular Medicine, CPI, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Yi-Lin Cheng
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Rajeshwari Rathore
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Elise Gradhand
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ingrid Fleming
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Department of Molecular Medicine, CPI, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Man-Wah Tan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Stephan Göttig
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Hospital of the Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Volkhard A J Kempf
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Hospital of the Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ivan Dikic
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Branch Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Frankfurt, Germany.
- Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt, Germany.
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7
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Myong S, Nguyen AQ, Challa S. Biological Functions and Therapeutic Potential of NAD + Metabolism in Gynecological Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:3085. [PMID: 39272943 PMCID: PMC11394644 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16173085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2024] [Revised: 08/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is an important cofactor for both metabolic and signaling pathways, with the dysregulation of NAD+ levels acting as a driver for diseases such as neurodegeneration, cancers, and metabolic diseases. NAD+ plays an essential role in regulating the growth and progression of cancers by controlling important cellular processes including metabolism, transcription, and translation. NAD+ regulates several metabolic pathways such as glycolysis, the citric acid (TCA) cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and fatty acid oxidation by acting as a cofactor for redox reactions. Additionally, NAD+ acts as a cofactor for ADP-ribosyl transferases and sirtuins, as well as regulating cellular ADP-ribosylation and deacetylation levels, respectively. The cleavage of NAD+ by CD38-an NAD+ hydrolase expressed on immune cells-produces the immunosuppressive metabolite adenosine. As a result, metabolizing and maintaining NAD+ levels remain crucial for the function of various cells found in the tumor microenvironment, hence its critical role in tissue homeostasis. The NAD+ levels in cells are maintained by a balance between NAD+ biosynthesis and consumption, with synthesis being controlled by the Preiss-Handler, de novo, and NAD+ salvage pathways. The primary source of NAD+ synthesis in a variety of cell types is directed by the expression of the enzymes central to the three biosynthesis pathways. In this review, we describe the role of NAD+ metabolism and its synthesizing and consuming enzymes' control of cancer cell growth and immune responses in gynecologic cancers. Additionally, we review the ongoing efforts to therapeutically target the enzymes critical for NAD+ homeostasis in gynecologic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subin Myong
- The University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Anh Quynh Nguyen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Sridevi Challa
- The University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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8
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Rannikko JH, Hollmén M. Clinical landscape of macrophage-reprogramming cancer immunotherapies. Br J Cancer 2024; 131:627-640. [PMID: 38831013 PMCID: PMC11333586 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02715-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) sustain a tumour-supporting and immunosuppressive milieu and therefore aggravate cancer prognosis. To modify TAM behaviour and unlock their anti-tumoural potential, novel TAM-reprogramming immunotherapies are being developed at an accelerating rate. At the same time, scientific discoveries have highlighted more sophisticated TAM phenotypes with complex biological functions and contradictory prognostic associations. To understand the evolving clinical landscape, we reviewed current and past clinically evaluated TAM-reprogramming cancer therapeutics and summarised almost 200 TAM-reprogramming agents investigated in more than 700 clinical trials. Observable overall trends include a high frequency of overlapping strategies against the same therapeutic targets, development of more complex strategies to improve previously ineffective approaches and reliance on combinatory strategies for efficacy. However, strong anti-tumour efficacy is uncommon, which encourages re-directing efforts on identifying biomarkers for eligible patient populations and comparing similar treatments earlier. Future endeavours will benefit from considering the shortcomings of past treatment strategies and accommodating the emerging complexity of TAM biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna H Rannikko
- MediCity Research Laboratory and InFLAMES Flagship, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku Doctoral Program of Molecular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Maija Hollmén
- MediCity Research Laboratory and InFLAMES Flagship, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
- Faron Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Turku, Finland.
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9
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Hawly J, Murcar MG, Schcolnik-Cabrera A, Issa ME. Glioblastoma stem cell metabolism and immunity. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:1015-1035. [PMID: 38530545 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-024-10183-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Despite enormous efforts being invested in the development of novel therapies for brain malignancies, there remains a dire need for effective treatments, particularly for pediatric glioblastomas. Their poor prognosis has been attributed to the fact that conventional therapies target tumoral cells, but not glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs). GSCs are characterized by self-renewal, tumorigenicity, poor differentiation, and resistance to therapy. These characteristics represent the fundamental tools needed to recapitulate the tumor and result in a relapse. The mechanisms by which GSCs alter metabolic cues and escape elimination by immune cells are discussed in this article, along with potential strategies to harness effector immune cells against GSCs. As cellular immunotherapy is making significant advances in a variety of cancers, leveraging this underexplored reservoir may result in significant improvements in the treatment options for brain malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Hawly
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, Dekouaneh, Lebanon
| | - Micaela G Murcar
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | | | - Mark E Issa
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA.
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10
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Khoshkhabar R, Yazdani M, Hoda Alavizadeh S, Saberi Z, Arabi L, Reza Jaafari M. Chemo-immunotherapy by nanoliposomal epacadostat and docetaxel combination to IDO1 inhibition and tumor microenvironment suppression. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 137:112437. [PMID: 38870880 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
The over-activation of tryptophan (Trp) metabolism to kynurenine (Kyn) catalyzed by Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO1) enzyme, is one of the main metabolic pathways involved in tumor microenvironment (TME) immune escape and cancer treatment failure. The most efficient of IDO1 inhibitors is Epacadostat (EPA). Since monotherapy with single-agent IDO1 inhibitor regimen has led to an insufficient anti-tumor activity, we examined the efficacy of simultaneous treatment by Liposomal epacadostat (Lip-EPA) as a potent IDO inhibitor, in combination with docetaxel (DTX) as a complement immunogenic cell death (ICD) agent against B16F10 model. First, the in vitro combination index (CI) of epacadostat (EPA) and DTX was investigated by using the unified theory. Then, the in vivo efficacy of the combination therapy was assessed. Results indicated the synergestic cytotoxic effect of the combination on B16F10 compared to normal fibroblast cells (NIH). The immune profiling demonstrated a significant increase in the percentage of infiltrated T lymphocytes and IFN-γ release, a significant decrease in the percentage of regulatory T cells (Treg) population and the subsequent low levels of IL-10 generation in mice treated with Lip-EPA + DTX. Further, a significant tumor growth delay (TGD = 69.15 %) and an increased life span (ILS > 47.83 %) was observed with the combination strategy. Histopathology analysis revealed a remarkable increase in the Trp concentration following combination treatment, while Kyn levels significantly decreased. Results showed that the nano-liposomal form of IDO1 inhibitor in combination with chemotherapy could significantly improve the imunity response and dominate the tumor immuno-suppressive micro-environment, which merits further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahimeh Khoshkhabar
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mona Yazdani
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Hoda Alavizadeh
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Zahra Saberi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Leila Arabi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Jaafari
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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11
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Grobben Y. Targeting amino acid-metabolizing enzymes for cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1440269. [PMID: 39211039 PMCID: PMC11359565 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1440269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the immune system's role in the detection and eradication of abnormal cells, cancer cells often evade elimination by exploitation of various immune escape mechanisms. Among these mechanisms is the ability of cancer cells to upregulate amino acid-metabolizing enzymes, or to induce these enzymes in tumor-infiltrating immunosuppressive cells. Amino acids are fundamental cellular nutrients required for a variety of physiological processes, and their inadequacy can severely impact immune cell function. Amino acid-derived metabolites can additionally dampen the anti-tumor immune response by means of their immunosuppressive activities, whilst some can also promote tumor growth directly. Based on their evident role in tumor immune escape, the amino acid-metabolizing enzymes glutaminase 1 (GLS1), arginase 1 (ARG1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) and interleukin 4 induced 1 (IL4I1) each serve as a promising target for immunotherapeutic intervention. This review summarizes and discusses the involvement of these enzymes in cancer, their effect on the anti-tumor immune response and the recent progress made in the preclinical and clinical evaluation of inhibitors targeting these enzymes.
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12
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Su X, Li J, Xu X, Ye Y, Wang C, Pang G, Liu W, Liu A, Zhao C, Hao X. Strategies to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of anti-PD-1 antibody, anti-PD-L1 antibody and anti-CTLA-4 antibody in cancer therapy. J Transl Med 2024; 22:751. [PMID: 39123227 PMCID: PMC11316358 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05552-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (anti-PD-1 antibody, anti-PD-L1 antibody, and anti-CTLA-4 antibody) have displayed considerable success in the treatment of malignant tumors, the therapeutic effect is still unsatisfactory for a portion of patients. Therefore, it is imperative to develop strategies to enhance the effect of these ICIs. Increasing evidence strongly suggests that the key to this issue is to transform the tumor immune microenvironment from a state of no or low immune infiltration to a state of high immune infiltration and enhance the tumor cell-killing effect of T cells. Therefore, some combination strategies have been proposed and this review appraise a summary of 39 strategies aiming at enhancing the effectiveness of ICIs, which comprise combining 10 clinical approaches and 29 foundational research strategies. Moreover, this review improves the comprehensive understanding of combination therapy with ICIs and inspires novel ideas for tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Su
- The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine (Gansu Provincial Hospital), Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Department of General Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, No. 204 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jian Li
- The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine (Gansu Provincial Hospital), Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Department of General Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, No. 204 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine (Gansu Provincial Hospital), Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Department of General Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, No. 204 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Youbao Ye
- The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine (Gansu Provincial Hospital), Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Department of General Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, No. 204 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Cailiu Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine (Gansu Provincial Hospital), Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Department of General Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, No. 204 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Guanglong Pang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine (Gansu Provincial Hospital), Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Department of General Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, No. 204 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Wenxiu Liu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine (Gansu Provincial Hospital), Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Department of General Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, No. 204 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Ang Liu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine (Gansu Provincial Hospital), Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Department of General Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, No. 204 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Changchun Zhao
- The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine (Gansu Provincial Hospital), Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Department of General Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, No. 204 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiangyong Hao
- Department of General Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, No. 204 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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13
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Cheng Z, Fobian SF, Gurrieri E, Amin M, D'Agostino VG, Falahati M, Zalba S, Debets R, Garrido MJ, Saeed M, Seynhaeve ALB, Balcioglu HE, Ten Hagen TLM. Lipid-based nanosystems: the next generation of cancer immune therapy. J Hematol Oncol 2024; 17:53. [PMID: 39030582 PMCID: PMC11265205 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-024-01574-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has become an important part of the oncotherapy arsenal. Its applicability in various cancer types is impressive, as well as its use of endogenous mechanisms to achieve desired ends. However, off-target or on-target-off-tumor toxicity, limited activity, lack of control in combination treatments and, especially for solid tumors, low local accumulation, have collectively limited clinical use thereof. These limitations are partially alleviated by delivery systems. Lipid-based nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as revolutionary carriers due to favorable physicochemical characteristics, with specific applications and strengths particularly useful in immunotherapeutic agent delivery. The aim of this review is to highlight the challenges faced by immunotherapy and how lipid-based NPs have been, and may be further utilized to address such challenges. We discuss recent fundamental and clinical applications of NPs in a range of areas and provide a detailed discussion of the main obstacles in immune checkpoint inhibition therapies, adoptive cellular therapies, and cytokine therapies. We highlight how lipid-based nanosystems could address these through either delivery, direct modulation of the immune system, or targeting of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. We explore advanced and emerging liposomal and lipid nanoparticle (LNP) systems for nucleic acid delivery, intrinsic and extrinsic stimulus-responsive formulations, and biomimetic lipid-based nanosystems in immunotherapy. Finally, we discuss the key challenges relating to the clinical use of lipid-based NP immunotherapies, suggesting future research directions for the near term to realize the potential of these innovative lipid-based nanosystems, as they become the crucial steppingstone towards the necessary enhancement of the efficacy of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyun Cheng
- Precision Medicine in Oncology (PrMiO), Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Nanomedicine Innovation Center Erasmus (NICE), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Seth-Frerich Fobian
- Precision Medicine in Oncology (PrMiO), Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Nanomedicine Innovation Center Erasmus (NICE), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elena Gurrieri
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Mohamadreza Amin
- Precision Medicine in Oncology (PrMiO), Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Nanomedicine Innovation Center Erasmus (NICE), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vito Giuseppe D'Agostino
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Mojtaba Falahati
- Precision Medicine in Oncology (PrMiO), Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sara Zalba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Reno Debets
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - María J Garrido
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Mesha Saeed
- Precision Medicine in Oncology (PrMiO), Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ann L B Seynhaeve
- Precision Medicine in Oncology (PrMiO), Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hayri E Balcioglu
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Timo L M Ten Hagen
- Precision Medicine in Oncology (PrMiO), Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Nanomedicine Innovation Center Erasmus (NICE), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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14
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Müller-Durovic B, Jäger J, Engelmann C, Schuhmachers P, Altermatt S, Schlup Y, Duthaler U, Makowiec C, Unterstab G, Roffeis S, Xhafa E, Assmann N, Trulsson F, Steiner R, Edwards-Hicks J, West J, Turner L, Develioglu L, Ivanek R, Azzi T, Dehio P, Berger C, Kuzmin D, Saboz S, Mautner J, Löliger J, Geigges M, Palianina D, Khanna N, Dirnhofer S, Münz C, Bantug GR, Hess C. A metabolic dependency of EBV can be targeted to hinder B cell transformation. Science 2024; 385:eadk4898. [PMID: 38781354 DOI: 10.1126/science.adk4898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
After infection of B cells, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) engages host pathways that mediate cell proliferation and transformation, contributing to the propensity of the virus to drive immune dysregulation and lymphomagenesis. We found that the EBV protein EBNA2 initiates nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) de novo biosynthesis by driving expression of the metabolic enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) in infected B cells. Virus-enforced NAD production sustained mitochondrial complex I activity, to match adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production with bioenergetic requirements of proliferation and transformation. In transplant patients, IDO1 expression in EBV-infected B cells, and a serum signature of increased IDO1 activity, preceded development of lymphoma. In humanized mice infected with EBV, IDO1 inhibition reduced both viremia and lymphomagenesis. Virus-orchestrated NAD biosynthesis is therefore a druggable metabolic vulnerability of EBV-driven B cell transformation, opening therapeutic possibilities for EBV-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojana Müller-Durovic
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jessica Jäger
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christine Engelmann
- Viral Immunobiology, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Schuhmachers
- Viral Immunobiology, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Altermatt
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Yannick Schlup
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Urs Duthaler
- Clinical Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Celia Makowiec
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gunhild Unterstab
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Roffeis
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Erta Xhafa
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nadine Assmann
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Axolabs GmbH, Kulmbach, Germany
| | - Fredrik Trulsson
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rebekah Steiner
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Joy Edwards-Hicks
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - James West
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lorinda Turner
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Leyla Develioglu
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Robert Ivanek
- Bioinformatics Facility, Department of Biomedicine, University Basel and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tarik Azzi
- Experimental Infectious Diseases and Cancer Research, University Children's Hospital of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Dehio
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Berger
- Experimental Infectious Diseases and Cancer Research, University Children's Hospital of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Dmitry Kuzmin
- Hornet Therapeutics Ltd, London, UK
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sophie Saboz
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Josef Mautner
- Department of Gene Vectors, Helmholtz Centre Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jordan Löliger
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marco Geigges
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Darya Palianina
- Laboratory of Infection Biology, Department of Biomedicine, University Basel and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nina Khanna
- Laboratory of Infection Biology, Department of Biomedicine, University Basel and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Dirnhofer
- Pathology, Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Münz
- Viral Immunobiology, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Glenn R Bantug
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Hess
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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15
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Wang X, Yan B, Li H, Yuan J, Guo J, Wang S, Dai P, Liu X. Reprogrammed IDO-Induced Immunosuppressive Microenvironment Synergizes with Immunogenic Magnetothermodynamics for Improved Cancer Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:30671-30684. [PMID: 38843203 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c02740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), plays a pivotal role in creating an immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment. Inhibiting IDO activity has emerged as a promising immunotherapeutic strategy; however, the delivery of IDO inhibitors to the tumor site is constrained, limiting their therapeutic efficacy. In this study, we developed a magnetic vortex nanodelivery system for the targeted delivery of the IDO inhibitor NLG919, integrated with magnetic hyperthermia therapy to reverse the immune-suppressive microenvironment of liver cancer and inhibit tumor growth. This system comprises thermoresponsive polyethylenimine-coated ferrimagnetic vortex-domain iron oxide nanorings (PI-FVIOs) loaded with NLG919 (NLG919/PI-FVIOs). Under thermal effects, NLG919 can be precisely released from the delivery system, counteracting IDO-mediated immune suppression and synergizing with NLG919/PI-FVIOs-mediated magnetothermodynamic (MTD) therapy-induced immunogenic cell death (ICD), resulting in effective HCC suppression. In vivo studies demonstrate that this combination therapy significantly inhibits tumor growth and metastasis by enhancing the accumulation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and suppressing regulatory T cells within the tumor. Overall, our findings reveal that NLG919/PI-FVIOs can induce a potent antitumor immune response by disrupting the IDO pathway and activating the ICD, offering a promising therapeutic avenue for HCC treatment.
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MESH Headings
- Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/metabolism
- Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/antagonists & inhibitors
- Animals
- Tumor Microenvironment/drug effects
- Mice
- Humans
- Liver Neoplasms/therapy
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms/immunology
- Hyperthermia, Induced
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/therapy
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/immunology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Imidazoles
- Isoindoles
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Wang
- Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education; Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
- Shaanxi Lifegen Co., Ltd., Xi'an, Shaanxi 712000, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Bin Yan
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine; Shaanxi Province Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgery Engineering Research; Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetic Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Institute of Regenerative and Reconstructive Medicine, Med-X Institute, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Hugang Li
- Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education; Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Jianlan Yuan
- Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education; Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Jingyi Guo
- Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education; Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Siyao Wang
- Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education; Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Penggao Dai
- Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education; Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
- Shaanxi Lifegen Co., Ltd., Xi'an, Shaanxi 712000, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education; Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine; Shaanxi Province Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgery Engineering Research; Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetic Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Institute of Regenerative and Reconstructive Medicine, Med-X Institute, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
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16
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Iyer K, Ivanov J, Tenchov R, Ralhan K, Rodriguez Y, Sasso JM, Scott S, Zhou QA. Emerging Targets and Therapeutics in Immuno-Oncology: Insights from Landscape Analysis. J Med Chem 2024; 67:8519-8544. [PMID: 38787632 PMCID: PMC11181335 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
In the ever-evolving landscape of cancer research, immuno-oncology stands as a beacon of hope, offering novel avenues for treatment. This study capitalizes on the vast repository of immuno-oncology-related scientific documents within the CAS Content Collection, totaling over 350,000, encompassing journals and patents. Through a pioneering approach melding natural language processing with the CAS indexing system, we unveil over 300 emerging concepts, depicted in a comprehensive "Trend Landscape Map". These concepts, spanning therapeutic targets, biomarkers, and types of cancers among others, are hierarchically organized into eight major categories. Delving deeper, our analysis furnishes detailed quantitative metrics showcasing growth trends over the past three years. Our findings not only provide valuable insights for guiding future research endeavors but also underscore the merit of tapping the vast and unparalleled breadth of existing scientific information to derive profound insights.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julian Ivanov
- CAS,
A Division of the American Chemical Society, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Rumiana Tenchov
- CAS,
A Division of the American Chemical Society, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | | | - Yacidzohara Rodriguez
- CAS,
A Division of the American Chemical Society, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Janet M. Sasso
- CAS,
A Division of the American Chemical Society, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Sabina Scott
- CAS,
A Division of the American Chemical Society, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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17
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Hwang G, Kwon M, Seo D, Kim DH, Lee D, Lee K, Kim E, Kang M, Ryu JH. ASOptimizer: Optimizing antisense oligonucleotides through deep learning for IDO1 gene regulation. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2024; 35:102186. [PMID: 38706632 PMCID: PMC11066473 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2024.102186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Recent studies have highlighted the effectiveness of using antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) for cellular RNA regulation, including targets that are considered undruggable; however, manually designing optimal ASO sequences can be labor intensive and time consuming, which potentially limits their broader application. To address this challenge, we introduce a platform, the ASOptimizer, a deep-learning-based framework that efficiently designs ASOs at a low cost. This platform not only selects the most efficient mRNA target sites but also optimizes the chemical modifications for enhanced performance. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) promotes cancer survival by depleting tryptophan and producing kynurenine, leading to immunosuppression through the aryl-hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr) pathway within the tumor microenvironment. We used ASOptimizer to identify ASOs that target IDO1 mRNA as potential cancer therapeutics. Our methodology consists of two stages: sequence engineering and chemical engineering. During the sequence-engineering stage, we optimized and predicted ASO sequences that could target IDO1 mRNA efficiently. In the chemical-engineering stage, we further refined these ASOs to enhance their inhibitory activity while reducing their potential cytotoxicity. In conclusion, our research demonstrates the potential of ASOptimizer for identifying ASOs with improved efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeongjo Hwang
- Spidercore Inc, 17, Techno 4-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34013, South Korea
| | - Mincheol Kwon
- BIORCHESTRA Co., Ltd., 17, Techno 4-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34013, South Korea
| | - Dongjin Seo
- Spidercore Inc, 17, Techno 4-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34013, South Korea
| | - Dae Hoon Kim
- BIORCHESTRA Co., Ltd., 17, Techno 4-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34013, South Korea
| | - Daehwan Lee
- Spidercore Inc, 17, Techno 4-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34013, South Korea
| | - Kiwon Lee
- Spidercore Inc, 17, Techno 4-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34013, South Korea
| | - Eunyoung Kim
- BIORCHESTRA Co., Ltd., 17, Techno 4-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34013, South Korea
| | - Mingeun Kang
- Spidercore Inc, 17, Techno 4-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34013, South Korea
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Jin-Hyeob Ryu
- BIORCHESTRA Co., Ltd., 17, Techno 4-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34013, South Korea
- BIORCHESTRA US., Inc., 1 Kendall Square, Building 200, Suite 2-103, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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18
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Mirgaux M, Leherte L, Wouters J. Human indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase 2 cofactor lability and low substrate affinity explained by homology modeling, molecular dynamics and molecular docking. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:4475-4488. [PMID: 37301605 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2220830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The human indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase 2 (hIDO2) protein is growing of interest as it is increasingly implicated in multiple diseases (cancer, autoimmune diseases, COVID-19). However, it is only poorly reported in the literature. Its mode of action remains unknown because it does not seem to catalyze the reaction for which it is attributed: the degradation of the L-Tryptophan into N-formyl-kynurenine. This contrasts with its paralog, the human indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase 1 (hIDO1), which has been extensively studied in the literature and for which several inhibitors are already in clinical trials. Yet, the recent failure of one of the most advanced hIDO1 inhibitors, the Epacadostat, could be caused by a still unknown interaction between hIDO1 and hIDO2. In order to better understand the mechanism of hIDO2, and in the absence of experimental structural data, a computational study mixing homology modeling, Molecular Dynamics, and molecular docking was conducted. The present article highlights an exacerbated lability of the cofactor as well as an inadequate positioning of the substrate in the active site of hIDO2, which might bring part of an answer to its lack of activity.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Mirgaux
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratoire de Chimie Biologique Structurale (CBS), Namur Institute of Structured Matter (NISM), Namur Research Institute for Life Science (NARILIS), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur, Belgium
| | - Laurence Leherte
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratoire de Chimie Biologique Structurale (CBS), Namur Institute of Structured Matter (NISM), Namur Research Institute for Life Science (NARILIS), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur, Belgium
| | - Johan Wouters
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratoire de Chimie Biologique Structurale (CBS), Namur Institute of Structured Matter (NISM), Namur Research Institute for Life Science (NARILIS), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur, Belgium
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19
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Soltani-Asl M, Azimnasab-Sorkhabi P, Yoshinaga TT, de Oliveira Massoco C, Kfoury JR. The combination of IDO and AHR blockers reduces the migration and clonogenicity of breast cancer cells. Immunol Res 2024; 72:430-437. [PMID: 38153625 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-023-09450-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
The indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) enzyme causes immunosuppressive consequences in the tumor microenvironment (TME). In addition, the role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) in the TME is under discussion. The current study evaluated the role of the IDO and AHR blockers on cell migration, clonogenic, and IDO expression of murine breast cancer cells. The cell migration and clonogenic abilities of breast cancer cells are evaluated by wound‑healing assay (cell migration assay) and Colony formation assay (clonogenic assay). Also, flow cytometry analysis was used to detect the IDO-positive breast cancer cells. The results showed that treating cells with a combination of IDO and AHR blockers dramatically reduced breast cancer cells' migration and clonogenic capacities. Treating cells with only AHR blockade suppressed the clonogenic rate. Since both IDO and AHR are involved in their complex molecular networks, blocking both IDO and AHR might cause alterations in their molecular networks resulting in diminishing the migration and clonogenic abilities of breast cancer cells. However, further investigations are required to confirm our findings within in vivo models as a novel therapy for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Soltani-Asl
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Parviz Azimnasab-Sorkhabi
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tulio Teruo Yoshinaga
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristina de Oliveira Massoco
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jose Roberto Kfoury
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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20
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Venkateswaran N, Garcia R, Lafita-Navarro MC, Hao YH, Perez-Castro L, Nogueira PAS, Solmonson A, Mender I, Kilgore JA, Fang S, Brown IN, Li L, Parks E, Lopes Dos Santos I, Bhaskar M, Kim J, Jia Y, Lemoff A, Grishin NV, Kinch L, Xu L, Williams NS, Shay JW, DeBerardinis RJ, Zhu H, Conacci-Sorrell M. Tryptophan fuels MYC-dependent liver tumorigenesis through indole 3-pyruvate synthesis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4266. [PMID: 38769298 PMCID: PMC11106337 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47868-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells exhibit distinct metabolic activities and nutritional dependencies compared to normal cells. Thus, characterization of nutrient demands by individual tumor types may identify specific vulnerabilities that can be manipulated to target the destruction of cancer cells. We find that MYC-driven liver tumors rely on augmented tryptophan (Trp) uptake, yet Trp utilization to generate metabolites in the kynurenine (Kyn) pathway is reduced. Depriving MYC-driven tumors of Trp through a No-Trp diet not only prevents tumor growth but also restores the transcriptional profile of normal liver cells. Despite Trp starvation, protein synthesis remains unhindered in liver cancer cells. We define a crucial role for the Trp-derived metabolite indole 3-pyruvate (I3P) in liver tumor growth. I3P supplementation effectively restores the growth of liver cancer cells starved of Trp. These findings suggest that I3P is a potential therapeutic target in MYC-driven cancers. Developing methods to target this metabolite represents a potential avenue for liver cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niranjan Venkateswaran
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Roy Garcia
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - M Carmen Lafita-Navarro
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Yi-Heng Hao
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Lizbeth Perez-Castro
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Pedro A S Nogueira
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Ashley Solmonson
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute at University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Ilgen Mender
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Jessica A Kilgore
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Shun Fang
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Isabella N Brown
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Li Li
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Emily Parks
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Igor Lopes Dos Santos
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Mahima Bhaskar
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Jiwoong Kim
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yuemeng Jia
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute at University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Andrew Lemoff
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Nick V Grishin
- Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Lisa Kinch
- Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Lin Xu
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Noelle S Williams
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Jerry W Shay
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Ralph J DeBerardinis
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute at University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Hao Zhu
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute at University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Maralice Conacci-Sorrell
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
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21
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Lin C, Tian Q, Guo S, Xie D, Cai Y, Wang Z, Chu H, Qiu S, Tang S, Zhang A. Metabolomics for Clinical Biomarker Discovery and Therapeutic Target Identification. Molecules 2024; 29:2198. [PMID: 38792060 PMCID: PMC11124072 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
As links between genotype and phenotype, small-molecule metabolites are attractive biomarkers for disease diagnosis, prognosis, classification, drug screening and treatment, insight into understanding disease pathology and identifying potential targets. Metabolomics technology is crucial for discovering targets of small-molecule metabolites involved in disease phenotype. Mass spectrometry-based metabolomics has implemented in applications in various fields including target discovery, explanation of disease mechanisms and compound screening. It is used to analyze the physiological or pathological states of the organism by investigating the changes in endogenous small-molecule metabolites and associated metabolism from complex metabolic pathways in biological samples. The present review provides a critical update of high-throughput functional metabolomics techniques and diverse applications, and recommends the use of mass spectrometry-based metabolomics for discovering small-molecule metabolite signatures that provide valuable insights into metabolic targets. We also recommend using mass spectrometry-based metabolomics as a powerful tool for identifying and understanding metabolic patterns, metabolic targets and for efficacy evaluation of herbal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunsheng Lin
- Graduate School and Second Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China; (C.L.); (S.G.); (Y.C.); (Z.W.)
| | - Qianqian Tian
- Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China;
| | - Sifan Guo
- Graduate School and Second Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China; (C.L.); (S.G.); (Y.C.); (Z.W.)
- International Advanced Functional Omics Platform, Scientific Experiment Center, International Joint Research Center on Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hainan Engineering Research Center for Biological Sample Resources of Major Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Key Laboratory of Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research of Hainan Province, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou 571199, China; (D.X.); (S.Q.); (S.T.)
| | - Dandan Xie
- International Advanced Functional Omics Platform, Scientific Experiment Center, International Joint Research Center on Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hainan Engineering Research Center for Biological Sample Resources of Major Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Key Laboratory of Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research of Hainan Province, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou 571199, China; (D.X.); (S.Q.); (S.T.)
| | - Ying Cai
- Graduate School and Second Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China; (C.L.); (S.G.); (Y.C.); (Z.W.)
- International Advanced Functional Omics Platform, Scientific Experiment Center, International Joint Research Center on Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hainan Engineering Research Center for Biological Sample Resources of Major Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Key Laboratory of Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research of Hainan Province, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou 571199, China; (D.X.); (S.Q.); (S.T.)
| | - Zhibo Wang
- Graduate School and Second Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China; (C.L.); (S.G.); (Y.C.); (Z.W.)
- International Advanced Functional Omics Platform, Scientific Experiment Center, International Joint Research Center on Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hainan Engineering Research Center for Biological Sample Resources of Major Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Key Laboratory of Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research of Hainan Province, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou 571199, China; (D.X.); (S.Q.); (S.T.)
| | - Hang Chu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Beijing City University, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Shi Qiu
- International Advanced Functional Omics Platform, Scientific Experiment Center, International Joint Research Center on Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hainan Engineering Research Center for Biological Sample Resources of Major Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Key Laboratory of Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research of Hainan Province, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou 571199, China; (D.X.); (S.Q.); (S.T.)
| | - Songqi Tang
- International Advanced Functional Omics Platform, Scientific Experiment Center, International Joint Research Center on Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hainan Engineering Research Center for Biological Sample Resources of Major Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Key Laboratory of Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research of Hainan Province, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou 571199, China; (D.X.); (S.Q.); (S.T.)
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Graduate School and Second Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China; (C.L.); (S.G.); (Y.C.); (Z.W.)
- International Advanced Functional Omics Platform, Scientific Experiment Center, International Joint Research Center on Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hainan Engineering Research Center for Biological Sample Resources of Major Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Key Laboratory of Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research of Hainan Province, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou 571199, China; (D.X.); (S.Q.); (S.T.)
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22
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Kim YH, Chung JS, Lee HH, Park JH, Kim MK. Influence of Dietary Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Intake on Potential Lipid Metabolite Diagnostic Markers in Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Case-Control Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:1265. [PMID: 38732512 PMCID: PMC11085891 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive diagnostics are crucial for the timely detection of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), significantly improving survival rates. Despite advancements, specific lipid markers for RCC remain unidentified. We aimed to discover and validate potent plasma markers and their association with dietary fats. Using lipid metabolite quantification, machine-learning algorithms, and marker validation, we identified RCC diagnostic markers in studies involving 60 RCC and 167 healthy controls (HC), as well as 27 RCC and 74 HC, by analyzing their correlation with dietary fats. RCC was associated with altered metabolism in amino acids, glycerophospholipids, and glutathione. We validated seven markers (l-tryptophan, various lysophosphatidylcholines [LysoPCs], decanoylcarnitine, and l-glutamic acid), achieving a 96.9% AUC, effectively distinguishing RCC from HC. Decreased decanoylcarnitine, due to reduced carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) activity, was identified as affecting RCC risk. High intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) was negatively correlated with LysoPC (18:1) and LysoPC (18:2), influencing RCC risk. We validated seven potential markers for RCC diagnosis, highlighting the influence of high PUFA intake on LysoPC levels and its impact on RCC occurrence via CPT1 downregulation. These insights support the efficient and accurate diagnosis of RCC, thereby facilitating risk mitigation and improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Hee Kim
- Cancer Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10408, Republic of Korea; (Y.-H.K.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Jin-Soo Chung
- Department of Urology, Center for Urologic Cancer, Research Institute, Hospital of National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10408, Republic of Korea; (J.-S.C.); (H.-H.L.)
| | - Hyung-Ho Lee
- Department of Urology, Center for Urologic Cancer, Research Institute, Hospital of National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10408, Republic of Korea; (J.-S.C.); (H.-H.L.)
| | - Jin-Hee Park
- Cancer Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10408, Republic of Korea; (Y.-H.K.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Mi-Kyung Kim
- Cancer Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10408, Republic of Korea; (Y.-H.K.); (J.-H.P.)
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23
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Aboomar NM, Essam O, Hassan A, Bassiouny AR, Arafa RK. Exploring a repurposed candidate with dual hIDO1/hTDO2 inhibitory potential for anticancer efficacy identified through pharmacophore-based virtual screening and in vitro evaluation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9386. [PMID: 38653790 PMCID: PMC11039737 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59353-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Discovering effective anti-cancer agents poses a formidable challenge given the limited efficacy of current therapeutic modalities against various cancer types due to intrinsic resistance mechanisms. Cancer immunochemotherapy is an alternative strategy for breast cancer treatment and overcoming cancer resistance. Human Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (hIDO1) and human Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase 2 (hTDO2) play pivotal roles in tryptophan metabolism, leading to the generation of kynurenine and other bioactive metabolites. This process facilitates the de novo synthesis of Nicotinamide Dinucleotide (NAD), promoting cancer resistance. This study identified a new dual hIDO1/hTDO2 inhibitor using a drug repurposing strategy of FDA-approved drugs. Herein, we delineate the development of a ligand-based pharmacophore model based on a training set of 12 compounds with reported hIDO1/hTDO2 inhibitory activity. We conducted a pharmacophore search followed by high-throughput virtual screening of 2568 FDA-approved drugs against both enzymes, resulting in ten hits, four of them with high potential of dual inhibitory activity. For further in silico and in vitro biological investigation, the anti-hypercholesterolemic drug Pitavastatin deemed the drug of choice in this study. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations demonstrated that Pitavastatin forms stable complexes with both hIDO1 and hTDO2 receptors, providing a structural basis for its potential therapeutic efficacy. At nanomolar (nM) concentration, it exhibited remarkable in vitro enzyme inhibitory activity against both examined enzymes. Additionally, Pitavastatin demonstrated potent cytotoxic activity against BT-549, MCF-7, and HepG2 cell lines (IC50 = 16.82, 9.52, and 1.84 µM, respectively). Its anticancer activity was primarily due to the induction of G1/S phase arrest as discovered through cell cycle analysis of HepG2 cancer cells. Ultimately, treating HepG2 cancer cells with Pitavastatin affected significant activation of caspase-3 accompanied by down-regulation of cellular apoptotic biomarkers such as IDO, TDO, STAT3, P21, P27, IL-6, and AhR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nourhan M Aboomar
- Drug Design and Discovery Lab, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Ahmed Zewail Road, October Gardens, Cairo, 12578, Giza, Egypt
- Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Cairo, 12578, Egypt
| | - Omar Essam
- Drug Design and Discovery Lab, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Ahmed Zewail Road, October Gardens, Cairo, 12578, Giza, Egypt
- Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Cairo, 12578, Egypt
| | - Afnan Hassan
- Drug Design and Discovery Lab, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Ahmed Zewail Road, October Gardens, Cairo, 12578, Giza, Egypt
- Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Cairo, 12578, Egypt
- Euro-Mediterranean Master in Neuroscience and Biotechnology Program, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt
| | - Ahmad R Bassiouny
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt
| | - Reem K Arafa
- Drug Design and Discovery Lab, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Ahmed Zewail Road, October Gardens, Cairo, 12578, Giza, Egypt.
- Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Cairo, 12578, Egypt.
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24
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Jin E, Yin Z, Zheng X, Yan C, Xu K, Eunice FY, Gao Y. Potential of Targeting TDO2 as the Lung Adenocarcinoma Treatment. J Proteome Res 2024; 23:1341-1350. [PMID: 38421152 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Tryptophan catabolism plays an important role in the metabolic reconnection in cancer cells to support special demands of tumor initiation and progression. The catabolic product of the tryptophan pathway, kynurenine, has the capability of suppressing the immune reactions of tumor cells. In this study, we conducted internal and external cohort studies to reveal the importance of tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Our study further demonstrated that the TDO2 expression was associated with the proliferation, survival, and invasion of LUAD cells, and targeting TDO2 for LUAD tumors could be a potential therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Er Jin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310002 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhidong Yin
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiuxiu Zheng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310002 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chenhong Yan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310002 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Kai Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310002 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Fouejio Yemele Eunice
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310002 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yue Gao
- Department of Geriatric, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006 Zhejiang Province, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Disease in the Elderly, Hangzhou 310006 Zhejiang Province, China
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25
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Tang W, Zhou W, Ji M, Yang X. Role of STING in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:202. [PMID: 38566036 PMCID: PMC10986073 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01586-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a prevalent form of lung cancer. Patients with advanced NSCLC are currently being treated with various therapies, including traditional radiotherapy, chemotherapy, molecular targeted therapies and immunotherapy. However, a considerable proportion of advance patients who cannot benefit from them. Consequently, it is essential to identify a novel research target that offers an encouraging perspective. The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) has emerged as such a target. At present, it is confirmed that activating STING in NSCLC tumor cells can impede the proliferation and metastasis of dormant tumor cells. This review focuses on the role of STING in NSCLC treatment and the factors influencing its activation. Additionally, it explores the correlation between STING activation and diverse therapy modalities for NSCLC, such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy, molecular targeted therapies and immunotherapy. Furthermore, it proposes the prospect of innovative therapy methods involving nanoparticles, with the aim of using the features of STING to develop more strategies for NSCLC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Tang
- Departments of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Street, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Wenjie Zhou
- Departments of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Street, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Mei Ji
- Departments of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Street, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Departments of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Street, Changzhou, 213003, China.
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26
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Dötsch L, Davies C, Hennes E, Schönfeld J, Kumar A, Guita CDC, Ehrler JH, Hiesinger K, Thavam S, Janning P, Sievers S, Knapp S, Proschak E, Ziegler S, Waldmann H. Discovery of the sEH Inhibitor Epoxykynin as a Potent Kynurenine Pathway Modulator. J Med Chem 2024; 67:4691-4706. [PMID: 38470246 PMCID: PMC10983002 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Disease-related phenotypic assays enable unbiased discovery of novel bioactive small molecules and may provide novel insights into physiological systems and unprecedented molecular modes of action (MMOA). Herein, we report the identification and characterization of epoxykynin, a potent inhibitor of the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). Epoxykynin was discovered by means of a cellular assay monitoring modulation of kynurenine (Kyn) levels in BxPC-3 cells upon stimulation with the cytokine interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and subsequent target identification employing affinity-based chemical proteomics. Increased Kyn levels are associated with immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment and, thus, the Kyn pathway and its key player indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) are appealing targets in immuno-oncology. However, targeting IDO1 directly has led to limited success in clinical investigations, demonstrating that alternative approaches to reduce Kyn levels are in high demand. We uncover a cross-talk between sEH and the Kyn pathway that may provide new opportunities to revert cancer-induced immune tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Dötsch
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute
of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, Dortmund 44227, Germany
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Technical University
of Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse
6, Dortmund 44227, Germany
| | - Caitlin Davies
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute
of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, Dortmund 44227, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Hennes
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute
of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, Dortmund 44227, Germany
| | - Julia Schönfeld
- Goethe
University Frankfurt, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - Adarsh Kumar
- Goethe
University Frankfurt, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
- Structural
Genomics Consortium, Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 15, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - Celine Da Cruz
Lopes Guita
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute
of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, Dortmund 44227, Germany
| | - Johanna H.M. Ehrler
- Goethe
University Frankfurt, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - Kerstin Hiesinger
- Goethe
University Frankfurt, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - Sasikala Thavam
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute
of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, Dortmund 44227, Germany
| | - Petra Janning
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute
of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, Dortmund 44227, Germany
| | - Sonja Sievers
- Compound
Management and Screening Center (COMAS), Otto-Hahn-Strasse 15, Dortmund 44227, Germany
| | - Stefan Knapp
- Goethe
University Frankfurt, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
- Structural
Genomics Consortium, Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 15, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - Ewgenij Proschak
- Goethe
University Frankfurt, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - Slava Ziegler
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute
of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, Dortmund 44227, Germany
| | - Herbert Waldmann
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute
of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, Dortmund 44227, Germany
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Technical University
of Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse
6, Dortmund 44227, Germany
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Wufuer R, Liu K, Feng J, Wang M, Hu S, Chen F, Lin S, Zhang Y. Distinct mechanisms by which Nrf1 and Nrf2 as drug targets contribute to the anticancer efficacy of cisplatin on hepatoma cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 213:488-511. [PMID: 38278308 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Cisplatin (cis-Dichlorodiamineplatinum[II], CDDP) is generally accepted as a platinum-based alkylating agent type of the DNA-damaging anticancer drug, which is widely administrated in clinical treatment of many solid tumors. The pharmacological effect of CDDP is mainly achieved by replacing the chloride ion (Cl-) in its structure with H2O to form active substances with the strong electrophilic properties and then react with any nucleophilic molecules, primarily leading to genomic DNA damage and subsequent cell death. In this process, those target genes driven by the consensus electrophilic and/or antioxidant response elements (EpREs/AREs) in their promoter regions are also activated or repressed by CDDP. Thereby, we here examined the expression profiling of such genes regulated by two principal antioxidant transcription factors Nrf1 and Nrf2 (both encoded by Nfe2l1 and Nfe2l2, respectively) in diverse cellular signaling responses to this intervention. The results demonstrated distinct cellular metabolisms, molecular pathways and signaling response mechanisms by which Nrf1 and Nrf2 as the drug targets differentially contribute to the anticancer efficacy of CDDP on hepatoma cells and xenograft tumor mice. Interestingly, the role of Nrf1, rather than Nrf2, is required for the anticancer effect of CDDP, to suppress malignant behavior of HepG2 cells by differentially monitoring multi-hierarchical signaling to gene regulatory networks. To our surprise, it was found there exists a closer relationship of Nrf1α than Nrf2 with DNA repair, but the hyperactive Nrf2 in Nrf1α-∕- cells manifests a strong correlation with its resistance to CDDP, albeit their mechanistic details remain elusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reziyamu Wufuer
- Bioengineering College and Graduate School, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, China; Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, No. 725 Jiangzhou Avenue, Dingshan Street, Jiangjin District, Chongqing, 402260, China; The Laboratory of Cell Biochemistry and Topogenetic Regulation, College of Bioengineering and Faculty of Medical Sciences, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, China.
| | - Keli Liu
- Bioengineering College and Graduate School, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, China; Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, No. 725 Jiangzhou Avenue, Dingshan Street, Jiangjin District, Chongqing, 402260, China; The Laboratory of Cell Biochemistry and Topogenetic Regulation, College of Bioengineering and Faculty of Medical Sciences, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, China.
| | - Jing Feng
- Bioengineering College and Graduate School, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, China; Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, No. 725 Jiangzhou Avenue, Dingshan Street, Jiangjin District, Chongqing, 402260, China.
| | - Meng Wang
- Bioengineering College and Graduate School, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, China; The Laboratory of Cell Biochemistry and Topogenetic Regulation, College of Bioengineering and Faculty of Medical Sciences, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, China.
| | - Shaofan Hu
- Bioengineering College and Graduate School, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, China.
| | - Feilong Chen
- Bioengineering College and Graduate School, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, China; Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, No. 725 Jiangzhou Avenue, Dingshan Street, Jiangjin District, Chongqing, 402260, China.
| | - Shanshan Lin
- Bioengineering College and Graduate School, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, China; Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, No. 725 Jiangzhou Avenue, Dingshan Street, Jiangjin District, Chongqing, 402260, China; The Laboratory of Cell Biochemistry and Topogenetic Regulation, College of Bioengineering and Faculty of Medical Sciences, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, China.
| | - Yiguo Zhang
- Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, No. 725 Jiangzhou Avenue, Dingshan Street, Jiangjin District, Chongqing, 402260, China; The Laboratory of Cell Biochemistry and Topogenetic Regulation, College of Bioengineering and Faculty of Medical Sciences, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, China.
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Fergatova A, Affara NI. The cellular triumvirate: fibroblasts entangled in the crosstalk between cancer cells and immune cells. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1337333. [PMID: 38313431 PMCID: PMC10835808 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1337333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
This review article will focus on subpopulations of fibroblasts that get reprogrammed by tumor cells into cancer-associated fibroblasts. Throughout this article, we will discuss the intricate interactions between fibroblasts, immune cells, and tumor cells. Unravelling complex intercellular crosstalk will pave the way for new insights into cellular mechanisms underlying the reprogramming of the local tumor immune microenvironment and propose novel immunotherapy strategies that might have potential in harnessing and modulating immune system responses.
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Yao Q, Zhang X, Wang Y, Wang C, Wei C, Chen J, Chen D. Comprehensive analysis of a tryptophan metabolism-related model in the prognostic prediction and immune status for clear cell renal carcinoma. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:22. [PMID: 38183155 PMCID: PMC10768089 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01619-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is characterized as one of the most common types of urological cancer with high degrees of malignancy and mortality. Due to the limited effectiveness of existing traditional therapeutic methods and poor prognosis, the treatment and therapy of advanced ccRCC patients remain challenging. Tryptophan metabolism has been widely investigated because it significantly participates in the malignant traits of multiple cancers. The functions and prognostic values of tryptophan metabolism-related genes (TMR) in ccRCC remain virtually obscure. METHODS We employed the expression levels of 40 TMR genes to identify the subtypes of ccRCC and explored the clinical characteristics, prognosis, immune features, and immunotherapy response in the subtypes. Then, a model was constructed for the prediction of prognosis based on the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the subtypes from the TCGA database and verified using the ICGC database. The prediction performance of this model was confirmed by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The relationship of Risk Score with the infiltration of distinct tumor microenvironment cells, the expression profiles of immune checkpoint genes, and the treatment benefits of immunotherapy and chemotherapy drugs were also investigated. RESULTS The two subtypes revealed dramatic differences in terms of clinical characteristics, prognosis, immune features, and immunotherapy response. The constructed 6-gene-based model showed that the high Risk Score was significantly connected to poor overall survival (OS) and advanced tumor stages. Furthermore, increased expression of CYP1B1, KMO, and TDO2 was observed in ccRCC tissues at the translation levels, and an unfavorable prognosis for these patients was also found. CONCLUSION We identified 2 molecular subtypes of ccRCC based on the expression of TMR genes and constructed a prognosis-related model that may be used as a powerful tool to guide the prediction of ccRCC prognosis and personalized therapy. In addition, CYP1B1, KMO, and TDO2 can be regarded as the risk prognostic genes for ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinfan Yao
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Nephropathy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urinary System Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiuyuan Zhang
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Nephropathy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urinary System Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yucheng Wang
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Nephropathy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urinary System Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cuili Wang
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Nephropathy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urinary System Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunchun Wei
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Nephropathy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urinary System Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianghua Chen
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
- Institute of Nephropathy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urinary System Disease, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Dajin Chen
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
- Institute of Nephropathy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urinary System Disease, Hangzhou, China.
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Song Y, Chen B, Jiang L, Zhao F, Feng X. Global Trends of Treatment for NAFLD from 2012 to 2021: A Bibliometric and Mapping Analysis. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2024; 24:573-584. [PMID: 37855283 DOI: 10.2174/0118715303230418230925060312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
AIM The present study aimed to map publication trends and explore research hotspots of treatment for NAFLD study by bibliometric analysis. BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a multi-system metabolic disorder involving the liver. Thousands of papers have been published on the treatment of NAFLD, but no comprehensive statistical and intuitive analysis has been made. The present study aimed to map publication trends and explore research hotspots of treatment for NAFLD study by bibliometric analysis. OBJECTIVE (1) The pathogenesis of NAFLD and the possible treatment mechanism; (2) prevalence, risk factors, and traditional therapies for NAFLD; (3) frontier therapies for NAFLD. Method; This paper conducted a bibliometric analysis based on the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). The knowledge map was constructed by VOS viewer v.1.6.10 to visualize the annual publication number, the distribution of countries, international collaborations, author productivity, source journals, cited references, and keywords in this field. RESULTS From 2012 to 2021, 2,437 peer-reviewed publications on the treatment of NAFLD were retrieved. China contributed the most publications, while the United States received the most citations. Journal of Hepatology was the most prolific journal in this field. Prof. Rohit Loomba. CONCLUSION Our study provides a comprehensive and objective analysis of NAFLD treatment that allows researchers to quickly locate research hotspots in a large number of relevant literatures. Meanwhile, it may also provide valuable information for researchers looking for potential partners and institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Song
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110000, Liaoning, China
| | - Boru Chen
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110000, Liaoning, China
| | - Lu Jiang
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110000, Liaoning, China
| | - Fangkun Zhao
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110000, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiuqin Feng
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110000, Liaoning, China
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Chen F, Zhao D, Huang Y, Wen X, Feng S. Synergetic impact of combined navoximod with cisplatin mitigates chemo-immune resistance via blockading IDO1 + CAFs-secreted Kyn/AhR/IL-6 and pol ζ-prevented CIN in human oral squamous cell carcinoma. Life Sci 2023; 335:122239. [PMID: 37944638 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most prevalent aggressive form of HNSC and treated with platinum-based chemotherapy as initial therapy. However, the development of acquired resistance and neurotoxicity to platinum agents poses a significant challenge to treat locally advanced OSCC. Notably, IDO1+ CAFs could promote immunosuppressive TME for OSCC progression. Therefore, we developed a potent IDO1 inhibitor navoximod to overcome chemo-immune resistance via an antitumor immune effect synergized with cisplatin in SCC-9 co-cultured IDO1+/IDO1- CAFs and SCC-7/IDO1+ CAFs-inoculated mice. The in vitro biological assays on IDO1+ CAFs co-cultured OSCC cancer cells supported that combined navoximod with cisplatin could mitigate chemo-immune resistance through blockading IDO1+ CAFs-secreted kynurenine (Kyn)-aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-IL-6 via suppressing p-STAT3/NF-κB signals and ceasing AhR-induced loss of pol ζ-caused chromosomal instability (CIN). Moreover, the combination elicited antitumor immunity via reducing IDO1+ CAFs-secreted Kyn/AhR and conferring pol ζ in SCC-7/IDO1+ CAFs-inoculated BALB/c mice. Meanwhile, the combination could block cisplatin-induced neurotoxicity and not interfere with chemotherapy. Taken together, the study investigated the promising therapeutic potential of combined navoximod with cisplatin to mitigate tumoral immune resistance via alleviating IDO1+ CAFs-secreted immune-suppression and CIN-caused cisplatin resistance, providing a paradigm for combined chemo-immunotherapy to prolong survival in patients with OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feihong Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, PR China.
| | - Deming Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, PR China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Xin Wen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, PR China
| | - Shicheng Feng
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, PR China; Department of Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, PR China
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Chen Y, He J, Jin T, Zhang Y, Ou Y. Functional enrichment analysis of LYSET and identification of related hub gene signatures as novel biomarkers to predict prognosis and immune infiltration status of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:16905-16929. [PMID: 37740762 PMCID: PMC10645642 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05280-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The latest research shows that the lysosomal enzyme trafficking factor (LYSET) encoded by TMEM251 is a key regulator of the amino acid metabolism reprogramming (AAMR) and related pathways significantly correlate with the progression of some tumors. The purpose of this study was to explore the potential pathways of the TMEM251 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and establish related predictive models based on the hub genes in these pathways for prognosis and tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). METHODS We obtained mRNA expression data and clinical information of ccRCC samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), E-MATE-1980, and immunotherapy cohorts. Single-cell sequencing data (GSE152938) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We explored biological pathways of the LYSET by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses of TMEM251-coexpression genes. The correlation of LYSET-related pathways with the prognosis was conducted by Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) and unsupervised cluster analysis. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and Cox regression were used to identify hub prognostic genes and construct the risk score. Immune infiltration analysis was conducted by CIBERSORTx and Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) databases. The predictive value of the risk score and hub prognostic genes on immunotherapy responsiveness was analyzed through the tumor mutation burden (TMB) score, immune checkpoint expression, and survival analysis. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was finally used to verify the expressions of hub prognostic genes. RESULTS The TMEM251 was found to be significantly correlated with some AAMR pathways. AAGAB, ENTR1, SCYL2, and WDR72 in LYSET-related pathways were finally identified to construct a risk score model. Immune infiltration analysis showed that LYSET-related gene signatures significantly influenced the infiltration of some vital immune cells such as CD4 + cells, NK cells, M2 macrophages, and so on. In addition, the constructed risk score was found to be positively correlated with TMB and some common immune checkpoint expressions. Different predictive values of these signatures for Nivolumab therapy responsiveness were also uncovered in immunotherapy cohorts. Finally, based on single-cell sequencing analysis, the TMEM251 and the hub gene signatures were found to be expressed in tumor cells and some immune cells. Interestingly, IHC verification showed a potential dual role of four hub genes in ccRCC progression. CONCLUSION The novel predictive biomarkers we built may benefit clinical decision-making for ccRCC. Our study may provide some evidence that LYSET-related gene signatures could be novel potential targets for treating ccRCC and improving immunotherapy efficacy. Our nomogram might be beneficial to clinical choices, but the results need more experimental verifications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxing Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinhang He
- First Clinical Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tian Jin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunsheng Ou
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Hou Y, Li J, Ying S. Tryptophan Metabolism and Gut Microbiota: A Novel Regulatory Axis Integrating the Microbiome, Immunity, and Cancer. Metabolites 2023; 13:1166. [PMID: 37999261 PMCID: PMC10673612 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13111166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Tryptophan metabolism and gut microbiota form an integrated regulatory axis that impacts immunity, metabolism, and cancer. This review consolidated current knowledge on the bidirectional interactions between microbial tryptophan processing and the host. We focused on how the gut microbiome controls tryptophan breakdown via the indole, kynurenine, and serotonin pathways. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota induces disruptions in tryptophan catabolism which contribute to disorders like inflammatory conditions, neuropsychiatric diseases, metabolic syndromes, and cancer. These disruptions affect immune homeostasis, neurotransmission, and gut-brain communication. Elucidating the mechanisms of microbial tryptophan modulation could enable novel therapeutic approaches like psychobiotics and microbiome-targeted dietary interventions. Overall, further research on the microbiota-tryptophan axis has the potential to revolutionize personalized diagnostics and treatments for improving human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjian Hou
- Target Discovery Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China;
| | - Jing Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Bioanalysis of Complex Matrix Samples, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Shuhuan Ying
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
- Shanghai Bocimed Pharmaceutical Research Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China
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Nawas AF, Solmonson A, Gao B, DeBerardinis RJ, Minna JD, Conacci-Sorrell M, Mendelson CR. IL-1β mediates the induction of immune checkpoint regulators IDO1 and PD-L1 in lung adenocarcinoma cells. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:331. [PMID: 37985999 PMCID: PMC10658741 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01348-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inflammation plays a significant role in various cancers, including lung cancer, where the inflammatory cytokine IL-1β is often elevated in the tumor microenvironment. Patients with lung adenocarcinoma show higher levels of serum IL-1β compared to healthy individual. Moreover, IL-1β blockade reduces the incidence and mortality of lung cancer. Our prior studies revealed that alveolar type-II cells, the precursors for lung adenocarcinoma, display an induction in the expression of the enzyme tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO2) during normal lung development. This induction of TDO2 coincides with an increase in IL-1β levels and is likely caused by IL-1β. Given that cancer cells can co-opt developmentally regulated pathways, we hypothesized that IL-1β may exert its pro-tumoral function by stimulating TDO2 and indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO1), parallel enzymes involved in the conversion of tryptophan (Trp) into the immune-suppressive oncometabolite kynurenine (Kyn). Our goal was to determine whether IL-1β is a common upstream regulator of immune checkpoint regulators. METHODS To determine whether IL-1β regulates IDO1, TDO2, PD-L1, and PD-L2, we measured mRNA and protein levels in lung adenocarcinoma cells lines (A549, H1792, H1838, H2347, H2228, HCC364 and HCC827) grown in 2D or 3D and in immortalized normal lung epithelial cells (HBEC3-KT and HSAEC1-KT). To determine the importance of the NFκB pathway in mediating IL-1β -regulated cellular effects, we used siRNA to knockdown RelA/p65 in IL-1β treated cells. The levels of Trp and Kyn in the IL-1β-treated cells and media were measured by mass spectrometry. RESULTS Upon IL-1β stimulation, lung adenocarcinoma cells exhibited significant increases in IDO1 mRNA and protein levels, a response that depended on the NFκB pathway. Interestingly, this induction was more pronounced in 3D spheroid cultures compared to monolayer cultures and was not observed in normal immortalized lung epithelial cells. Furthermore, the conversion of Trp to Kyn increased in cells exposed to IL-1β, aligning with the heightened IDO1 expression. Remarkably, IL-1β also upregulated the expression of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) and PD-L2 in multiple cell lines, indicating that IL-1β triggers parallel immune-suppressive mechanisms in lung adenocarcinoma cells. CONCLUSIONS Our studies demonstrate that lung adenocarcinoma cells, but not normal immortalized lung epithelial cells, respond to IL-1β signaling by inducing the expression of parallel immune checkpoint proteins that have the potential to promote immune evasion. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshan Fathima Nawas
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Ashley Solmonson
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Boning Gao
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Ralph J DeBerardinis
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - John D Minna
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Maralice Conacci-Sorrell
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
| | - Carole R Mendelson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and North Texas March of Dimes Birth Defects Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
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Vinnyk YO, Kryvoruchko IA, Boyko VV, Ivanova YV, Gramatiuk S, Sargsyan K. Investigate the Possibility of Using Phosphorescence in Clinical Oncology as an Early Prognostic Test in Detecting Brain Carcinogenesis. J Fluoresc 2023; 33:2441-2449. [PMID: 37103675 PMCID: PMC10640445 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03237-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorescence is considered one of the non-invasive glioblastoma testing methods based on studying molecular energy and the metabolism of L-tryptophan (Trp) through KP, which provides essential information on regulating immunity and neuronal function. This study aimed to conduct a feasibility study using phosphorescence in clinical oncology as an early prognostic test in detecting Glioblastoma. This study was conducted on 1039 patients who were operated on with follow-up between January 1, 2014, and December 1, 2022, and retrospectively evaluated in participating institutions in Ukraine (the Department of Oncology, Radiation Therapy, Oncosurgery, and Palliative Care at the Kharkiv National Medical University). Method of protein phosphorescence detection included two steps. During the first step, of luminol-dependent phosphorescence intensity in serum was carried out after its activation by the light source, according to the spectrofluorimeter method, as follows. At a temperature of 30 °C, serum drops were dried for 20 min to form a solid film. After that, we put the quartz plate with dried serum in a phosphoroscope of luminescent complex and measured the intensity. With the help of Max-Flux Diffraction Optic Parallel Beam Graded Multilayer Monochromator (Rigaku Americas Corporation) following spectral lines as 297, 313, 334, 365, 404, and 434 nm were distinguished and absorbed by serum film in the form of light quantum. The monochromator exit split width was 0.5 mm. Considering the limitations of each of the non-invasive tools currently available, phosphorescence-based diagnostic methods are ideally integrated into the NIGT platform: a non-invasive approach for visualizing a tumor and its main tumor characteristics in the spatial and temporal order. Because trp is present in virtually every cell in the body, these fluorescent and phosphorescent fingerprints can be used to detect cancer in many different organs. Using phosphorescence, it is possible to create predictive models for GBM in both primary and secondary diagnostics. This will assist clinicians in selecting the appropriate treatment option, monitoring treatment, and adapting to the era of patient-centered precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy O Vinnyk
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Therapy, Oncosurgery and Palliative Care, Kharkiv National Medical University, Nauky Avenue, Kharkiv, 61022, Ukraine
| | - Igor A Kryvoruchko
- Department of Surgery No.2, Kharkiv National Medical University, Nezalezhnosti Avenue, Kharkiv, 61022, Ukraine.
| | - Valeriy V Boyko
- Institute General and Emergency Surgery Named After V.T. Zaitcev of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Balakireva Entry, Kharkiv, 61103, Ukraine
- Department of Surgery No.1, Kharkiv National Medical University, Balakireva Entry, Kharkiv, 61103, Ukraine
| | - Yulia V Ivanova
- Department of Surgery No.1, Kharkiv National Medical University, Balakireva Entry, Kharkiv, 61103, Ukraine
| | - Svetlana Gramatiuk
- Institute of Bio-Stem Cell Rehabilitation, Ukraine Association of Biobank, Puskinska Str, Kharkiv, 61022, Ukraine.
- International Biobanking and Education, Medical University of Graz, Elisabethstraße, 8010, Graz, Austria.
| | - Karine Sargsyan
- International Biobanking and Education, Medical University of Graz, Elisabethstraße, 8010, Graz, Austria
- Department of Medical Genetics, Yerevan State Medical University, Koryun 30, 0012, Yerevan, Armenia
- Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Beverly Hills, 90200, USA
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Kober C, Roewe J, Schmees N, Roese L, Roehn U, Bader B, Stoeckigt D, Prinz F, Gorjánácz M, Roider HG, Olesch C, Leder G, Irlbacher H, Lesche R, Lefranc J, Oezcan-Wahlbrink M, Batra AS, Elmadany N, Carretero R, Sahm K, Oezen I, Cichon F, Baumann D, Sadik A, Opitz CA, Weinmann H, Hartung IV, Kreft B, Offringa R, Platten M, Gutcher I. Targeting the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) with BAY 2416964: a selective small molecule inhibitor for cancer immunotherapy. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e007495. [PMID: 37963637 PMCID: PMC10649913 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-007495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The metabolism of tryptophan to kynurenines (KYN) by indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase or tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase is a key pathway of constitutive and adaptive tumor immune resistance. The immunosuppressive effects of KYN in the tumor microenvironment are predominantly mediated by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a cytosolic transcription factor that broadly suppresses immune cell function. Inhibition of AhR thus offers an antitumor therapy opportunity via restoration of immune system functions. METHODS The expression of AhR was evaluated in tissue microarrays of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and colorectal cancer (CRC). A structure class of inhibitors that block AhR activation by exogenous and endogenous ligands was identified, and further optimized, using a cellular screening cascade. The antagonistic properties of the selected AhR inhibitor candidate BAY 2416964 were determined using transactivation assays. Nuclear translocation, target engagement and the effect of BAY 2416964 on agonist-induced AhR activation were assessed in human and mouse cancer cells. The immunostimulatory properties on gene and cytokine expression were examined in human immune cell subsets. The in vivo efficacy of BAY 2416964 was tested in the syngeneic ovalbumin-expressing B16F10 melanoma model in mice. Coculture of human H1299 NSCLC cells, primary peripheral blood mononuclear cells and fibroblasts mimicking the human stromal-tumor microenvironment was used to assess the effects of AhR inhibition on human immune cells. Furthermore, tumor spheroids cocultured with tumor antigen-specific MART-1 T cells were used to study the antigen-specific cytotoxic T cell responses. The data were analyzed statistically using linear models. RESULTS AhR expression was observed in tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating immune cells in HNSCC, NSCLC and CRC. BAY 2416964 potently and selectively inhibited AhR activation induced by either exogenous or endogenous AhR ligands. In vitro, BAY 2416964 restored immune cell function in human and mouse cells, and furthermore enhanced antigen-specific cytotoxic T cell responses and killing of tumor spheroids. In vivo, oral application with BAY 2416964 was well tolerated, induced a proinflammatory tumor microenvironment, and demonstrated antitumor efficacy in a syngeneic cancer model in mice. CONCLUSIONS These findings identify AhR inhibition as a novel therapeutic approach to overcome immune resistance in various types of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Kober
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceutical Division, Berlin, Germany
- DKFZ-Bayer Joint Immunotherapy Laboratory (D220), DKFZ-Bayer Joint Immunotherapy Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julian Roewe
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU), Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, MCTN, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Lars Roese
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceutical Division, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Roehn
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceutical Division, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Catherine Olesch
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceutical Division, Berlin, Germany
- DKFZ-Bayer Joint Immunotherapy Laboratory (D220), DKFZ-Bayer Joint Immunotherapy Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Ralf Lesche
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceutical Division, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Mine Oezcan-Wahlbrink
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceutical Division, Berlin, Germany
- DKFZ-Bayer Joint Immunotherapy Laboratory (D220), DKFZ-Bayer Joint Immunotherapy Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ankita Sati Batra
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU), Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, MCTN, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nirmeen Elmadany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU), Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, MCTN, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rafael Carretero
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceutical Division, Berlin, Germany
- DKFZ-Bayer Joint Immunotherapy Laboratory (D220), DKFZ-Bayer Joint Immunotherapy Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katharina Sahm
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU), Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, MCTN, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Iris Oezen
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU), Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frederik Cichon
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU), Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Baumann
- DKFZ-Bayer Joint Immunotherapy Laboratory (D220), DKFZ-Bayer Joint Immunotherapy Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ahmed Sadik
- Brain Cancer Metabolism (B350), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christiane A Opitz
- Brain Cancer Metabolism (B350), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Rienk Offringa
- DKFZ-Bayer Joint Immunotherapy Laboratory (D220), DKFZ-Bayer Joint Immunotherapy Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Platten
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU), Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, MCTN, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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Pacheco JHL, Elizondo G. Interplay between Estrogen, Kynurenine, and AHR Pathways: An immunosuppressive axis with therapeutic potential for breast cancer treatment. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 217:115804. [PMID: 37716620 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies among women worldwide. Estrogen exposure via endogenous and exogenous sources during a lifetime, together with environmental exposure to estrogenic compounds, represent the most significant risk factor for breast cancer development. As breast tumors establish, multiple pathways are deregulated. Among them is the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) signaling pathway. AHR, a ligand-activated transcription factor associated with the metabolism of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and estrogens, is overexpressed in breast cancer. Furthermore, AHR and estrogen receptor (ER) cross-talk pathways have been observed. Additionally, the Tryptophan (Trp) catabolizing enzymes indolamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) are overexpressed in breast cancer. IDO/TDO catalyzes the formation of Kynurenine (KYN) and other tryptophan-derived metabolites, which are ligands of AHR. Once KYN activates AHR, it stimulates the expression of the IDO enzyme, increases the level of KYN, and activates non-canonical pathways to control inflammation and immunosuppression in breast tumors. The interplay between E2, AHR, and IDO/TDO/KYN pathways and their impact on the immune system represents an immunosuppressive axis on breast cancer. The potential modulation of the immunosuppressive E2-AHR-IDO/TDO/KYN axis has aroused great expectations in oncotherapy. The present article will review the mechanisms implicated in generating the immunosuppressive axis E2-AHR-IDO/TDO/KYN in breast cancer and the current state of knowledge as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guillermo Elizondo
- Departamento de Biología Celular, CINVESTAV-IPN, Av. IPN 2508, C.P. 07360 Ciudad de México, México.
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38
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Weidle UH, Nopora A. Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Up-regulated Circular RNAs Which Mediate Efficacy in Preclinical In Vivo Models. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2023; 20:500-521. [PMID: 37889063 PMCID: PMC10614070 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranges as number two with respect to the incidence of tumors and is associated with a dismal prognosis. The therapeutic efficacy of approved multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitors and checkpoint inhibitors is modest. Therefore, the identification of new therapeutic targets and entities is of paramount importance. We searched the literature for up-regulated circular RNAs (circRNAs) which mediate efficacy in preclinical in vivo models of HCC. Our search resulted in 14 circRNAs which up-regulate plasma membrane transmembrane receptors, while 5 circRNAs induced secreted proteins. Two circRNAs facilitated replication of Hepatitis B or C viruses. Three circRNAs up-regulated high mobility group proteins. Six circRNAs regulated components of the ubiquitin system. Seven circRNAs induced GTPases of the family of ras-associated binding proteins (RABs). Three circRNAs induced redox-related proteins, eight of them up-regulated metabolic enzymes and nine circRNAs induced signaling-related proteins. The identified circRNAs up-regulate the corresponding targets by sponging microRNAs. Identified circRNAs and their targets have to be validated by standard criteria of preclinical drug development. Identified targets can potentially be inhibited by small molecules or antibody-based moieties and circRNAs can be inhibited by small-interfering RNAs (siRNAs) or short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich H Weidle
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Adam Nopora
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
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39
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Calanca N, Francisco ALN, Bizinelli D, Kuasne H, Barros Filho MC, Flores BCT, Pinto CAL, Rainho CA, Soares MBP, Marchi FA, Kowalski LP, Rogatto SR. DNA methylation-based depiction of the immune microenvironment and immune-associated long non-coding RNAs in oral cavity squamous cell carcinomas. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115559. [PMID: 37742611 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a complex and dynamic disease characterized by clinicopathological and molecular heterogeneity. Spatial and temporal heterogeneity of cell subpopulations has been associated with cancer progression and implicated in the prognosis and therapy response. Emerging evidence indicates that aberrant epigenetic profiles in OSCC may foster an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment by modulating the expression of immune-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). DNA methylation analysis was performed in 46 matched OSCC and normal adjacent tissue samples using a genome-wide platform (Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip). Reference-based computational deconvolution (MethylCIBERSORT) was applied to infer the immune cell composition of the bulk samples. The expression levels of genes encoding immune markers and differentially methylated lncRNAs were investigated using The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset. OSCC specimens presented distinct immune cell composition, including the enrichment of monocyte lineage cells, natural killer cells, cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, regulatory T-lymphocytes, and neutrophils. In contrast, B-lymphocytes, effector T-lymphocytes, and fibroblasts were diminished in tumor samples. The hypomethylation of three immune-associated lncRNAs (MEG3, MIR155HG, and WFDC21P) at individual CpG sites was confirmed by bisulfite-pyrosequencing. Also, the upregulation of a set of immune markers (FOXP3, GZMB, IL10, IL2RA, TGFB, IFNG, TDO2, IDO1, and HIF1A) was detected. The immune cell composition, immune markers alteration, and dysregulation of immune-associated lncRNAs reinforce the impact of the immune microenvironment in OSCC. These concurrent factors contribute to tumor heterogeneity, suggesting that epi-immunotherapy could be an efficient alternative to treat OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiade Calanca
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Southern Denmark-Vejle, Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5000, Denmark; Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Lucia Noronha Francisco
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo 01509-001, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniela Bizinelli
- International Research Center (CIPE), A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo 01508-010, SP, Brazil
| | - Hellen Kuasne
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal H3A1A3, QC, Canada
| | | | - Bianca Campos Troncarelli Flores
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Southern Denmark-Vejle, Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5000, Denmark
| | | | - Claudia Aparecida Rainho
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil
| | - Milena Botelho Pereira Soares
- Health Technology Institute, SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador 41650-010, BA, Brazil; Gonçalo Moniz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Salvador 40296-710, BA, Brazil
| | - Fabio Albuquerque Marchi
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 05402-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz Paulo Kowalski
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo 01509-001, SP, Brazil; Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 05402-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Silvia Regina Rogatto
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Southern Denmark-Vejle, Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5000, Denmark.
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Luo Z, Eichinger KM, Zhang A, Li S. Targeting cancer metabolic pathways for improving chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Cancer Lett 2023; 575:216396. [PMID: 37739209 PMCID: PMC10591810 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Recent discoveries in cancer metabolism have revealed promising metabolic targets to modulate cancer progression, drug response, and anti-cancer immunity. Combination therapy, consisting of metabolic inhibitors and chemotherapeutic or immunotherapeutic agents, offers new opportunities for improved cancer therapy. However, it also presents challenges due to the complexity of cancer metabolic pathways and the metabolic interactions between tumor cells and immune cells. Many studies have been published demonstrating potential synergy between novel inhibitors of metabolism and chemo/immunotherapy, yet our understanding of the underlying mechanisms remains limited. Here, we review the current strategies of altering the metabolic pathways of cancer to improve the anti-cancer effects of chemo/immunotherapy. We also note the need to differentiate the effect of metabolic inhibition on cancer cells and immune cells and highlight nanotechnology as an emerging solution. Improving our understanding of the complexity of the metabolic pathways in different cell populations and the anti-cancer effects of chemo/immunotherapy will aid in the discovery of novel strategies that effectively restrict cancer growth and augment the anti-cancer effects of chemo/immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangyi Luo
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Anju Zhang
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Song Li
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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41
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Basson C, Serem JC, Hlophe YN, Bipath P. An in vitro investigation of l-kynurenine, quinolinic acid, and kynurenic acid on B16 F10 melanoma cell cytotoxicity and morphology. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:912-922. [PMID: 37661337 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
The metastatic behavior of melanoma has accentuated the need for specific therapy targets. Compounds, namely l-kynurenine ( l-kyn), quinolinic acid (Quin), and kynurenic acid (KA) previously displayed antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects in vitro against cancer cells. Despite the growing interest in these compounds there are limited studies examining the in vitro effects on melanoma. In B16 F10 melanoma cells, RAW 264.7 macrophage cells, and HaCat keratinocyte cells, postexposure to the compounds, crystal violet staining was used to determine the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50 ), whereas polarization-optical transmitted light differential interference contrast and light microscopy after hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was used to assess morphological changes. l-kyn, Quin, and KA-induced cytotoxicity in all cell lines, with l-kyn being the most cytotoxic compound. l-kyn and KA at IC50 -induced morphological changes in B16 F10, RAW 264.7, and HaCat cell lines, whereas Quin had effects on B16 F10 and RAW 264.7 cells but did not affect HaCat cells. l-kyn, Quin, and KA each display different levels of cytotoxicity, which were cell line specific. l-kyn was shown to be the most potent compound against all cell lines and may offer future treatment strategies when combined with other viable treatments against melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlise Basson
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - June Cheptoo Serem
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Yvette Nkondo Hlophe
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Priyesh Bipath
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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42
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Opitz CA, Holfelder P, Prentzell MT, Trump S. The complex biology of aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation in cancer and beyond. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 216:115798. [PMID: 37696456 PMCID: PMC10570930 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) signaling pathway is a complex regulatory network that plays a critical role in various biological processes, including cellular metabolism, development, and immune responses. The complexity of AHR signaling arises from multiple factors, including the diverse ligands that activate the receptor, the expression level of AHR itself, and its interaction with the AHR nuclear translocator (ARNT). Additionally, the AHR crosstalks with the AHR repressor (AHRR) or other transcription factors and signaling pathways and it can also mediate non-genomic effects. Finally, posttranslational modifications of the AHR and its interaction partners, epigenetic regulation of AHR and its target genes, as well as AHR-mediated induction of enzymes that degrade AHR-activating ligands may contribute to the context-specificity of AHR activation. Understanding the complexity of AHR signaling is crucial for deciphering its physiological and pathological roles and developing therapeutic strategies targeting this pathway. Ongoing research continues to unravel the intricacies of AHR signaling, shedding light on the regulatory mechanisms controlling its diverse functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane A Opitz
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Division of Metabolic Crosstalk in Cancer and the German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKFZ Core Center Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Pauline Holfelder
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Division of Metabolic Crosstalk in Cancer and the German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKFZ Core Center Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Bioscience, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mirja Tamara Prentzell
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Division of Metabolic Crosstalk in Cancer and the German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKFZ Core Center Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Bioscience, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Saskia Trump
- Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité and the German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Berlin, a partnership between DKFZ and Charité -Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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Abe Y. Follicular lymphoma microenvironment: insights provided by single-cell analysis. J Clin Exp Hematop 2023; 63:143-151. [PMID: 37635086 PMCID: PMC10628831 DOI: 10.3960/jslrt.23012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Follicular lymphoma (FL) is the most frequent indolent lymphoma and is characterized by the abundant infiltration of tumor microenvironment (TME) cells. The activity of TME cells reportedly plays an important role in the biology of FL. TME cells that reside within neoplastic follicles, such as T-follicular helper cells and follicular dendritic cells, have been shown to aid in FL development and progression through interactions with malignant B cells, whereas regulatory T cells have unexpectedly shown an apparently favorable prognostic impact in FL. Unfortunately, the understanding of the FL TME, particularly regarding minor cell subsets, has been hampered by unknown cell heterogeneity. As with other solid and hematologic cancers, novel single-cell analysis technologies have recently been applied to FL research and have uncovered previously unrecognized heterogeneities, not only in malignant B cells but also in TME cells. These reports have greatly increased the resolution of our understanding of the FL TME and, at the same time, raised questions about newly identified TME cells. This review provides an overview of the unique aspects of FL TME cells with a clinical viewpoint and highlights recent discoveries from single-cell analysis, while also suggesting potential future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Abe
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Huang RZ, Liang QL, Jing XT, Wang K, Zhang HY, Wang HS, Ma XL, Wei JH, Zhang Y. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel 2-Amino-1,4-Naphthoquinone Amide-Oxime Derivatives as Potent IDO1/STAT3 Dual Inhibitors with Prospective Antitumor Effects. Molecules 2023; 28:6135. [PMID: 37630387 PMCID: PMC10459814 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28166135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) have emerged as significant targets in the tumor microenvironment for cancer therapy. In this study, we synthesized three novel 2-amino-1,4-naphthoquinone amide-oxime derivatives and identified them as dual inhibitors of IDO1 and STAT3. The representative compound NK3 demonstrated effective binding to IDO1 and exhibited good inhibitory activity (hIDO1 IC50 = 0.06 μM), leading to its selection for further investigation. The direct interactions between compound NK3 and IDO1 and STAT3 proteins were confirmed through surface plasmon resonance analysis. A molecular docking study of compound NK3 revealed key interactions between NK3 and IDO1, with the naphthoquinone-oxime moiety coordinating with the heme iron. In the in vitro anticancer assay, compound NK3 displayed potent antitumor activity against selected cancer cell lines and effectively suppressed nuclear translocation of STAT3. Moreover, in vivo assays conducted on CT26 tumor-bearing Balb/c mice and an athymic HepG2 xenograft model revealed that compound NK3 exhibited potent antitumor activity with low toxicity relative to 1-methyl-L-tryptophan (1-MT) and doxorubicin (DOX). Overall, these findings provided evidence that the dual inhibitors of IDO1 and STAT3 may offer a promising avenue for the development of highly effective drug candidates for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ri-Zhen Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery and Optimization, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Molecular Screening and Druggability Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China (K.W.)
| | - Qiao-Ling Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery and Optimization, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Molecular Screening and Druggability Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China (K.W.)
| | - Xiao-Teng Jing
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
- Department of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Science, Guilin Normal College, Xinyi Road 15, Guilin 541001, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery and Optimization, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Molecular Screening and Druggability Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China (K.W.)
| | - Hui-Yong Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery and Optimization, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Molecular Screening and Druggability Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China (K.W.)
| | - Heng-Shan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Xian-Li Ma
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery and Optimization, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Molecular Screening and Druggability Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China (K.W.)
| | - Jian-Hua Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery and Optimization, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Molecular Screening and Druggability Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China (K.W.)
| | - Ye Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery and Optimization, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Molecular Screening and Druggability Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China (K.W.)
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Xiao Y, Yu TJ, Xu Y, Ding R, Wang YP, Jiang YZ, Shao ZM. Emerging therapies in cancer metabolism. Cell Metab 2023; 35:1283-1303. [PMID: 37557070 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming in cancer is not only a biological hallmark but also reveals treatment vulnerabilities. Numerous metabolic molecules have shown promise as treatment targets to impede tumor progression in preclinical studies, with some advancing to clinical trials. However, the intricacy and adaptability of metabolic networks hinder the effectiveness of metabolic therapies. This review summarizes the metabolic targets for cancer treatment and provides an overview of the current status of clinical trials targeting cancer metabolism. Additionally, we decipher crucial factors that limit the efficacy of metabolism-based therapies and propose future directions. With advances in integrating multi-omics, single-cell, and spatial technologies, as well as the ability to track metabolic adaptation more precisely and dynamically, clinicians can personalize metabolic therapies for improved cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Tian-Jian Yu
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Rui Ding
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yi-Ping Wang
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Institute for Clinical Research, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yi-Zhou Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Zhi-Ming Shao
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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46
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de Ruiter Swain J, Michalopoulou E, Noch EK, Lukey MJ, Van Aelst L. Metabolic partitioning in the brain and its hijacking by glioblastoma. Genes Dev 2023; 37:681-702. [PMID: 37648371 PMCID: PMC10546978 DOI: 10.1101/gad.350693.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The different cell types in the brain have highly specialized roles with unique metabolic requirements. Normal brain function requires the coordinated partitioning of metabolic pathways between these cells, such as in the neuron-astrocyte glutamate-glutamine cycle. An emerging theme in glioblastoma (GBM) biology is that malignant cells integrate into or "hijack" brain metabolism, co-opting neurons and glia for the supply of nutrients and recycling of waste products. Moreover, GBM cells communicate via signaling metabolites in the tumor microenvironment to promote tumor growth and induce immune suppression. Recent findings in this field point toward new therapeutic strategies to target the metabolic exchange processes that fuel tumorigenesis and suppress the anticancer immune response in GBM. Here, we provide an overview of the intercellular division of metabolic labor that occurs in both the normal brain and the GBM tumor microenvironment and then discuss the implications of these interactions for GBM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jed de Ruiter Swain
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724, USA
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory School of Biological Sciences, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724, USA
| | | | - Evan K Noch
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neuro-oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10021, USA
| | - Michael J Lukey
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724, USA;
| | - Linda Van Aelst
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724, USA;
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Ren R, Xiong C, Ma R, Wang Y, Yue T, Yu J, Shao B. The recent progress of myeloid-derived suppressor cell and its targeted therapies in cancers. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e323. [PMID: 37547175 PMCID: PMC10397484 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are an immature group of myeloid-derived cells generated from myeloid cell precursors in the bone marrow. MDSCs appear almost exclusively in pathological conditions, such as tumor progression and various inflammatory diseases. The leading function of MDSCs is their immunosuppressive ability, which plays a crucial role in tumor progression and metastasis through their immunosuppressive effects. Since MDSCs have specific molecular features, and only a tiny amount exists in physiological conditions, MDSC-targeted therapy has become a promising research direction for tumor treatment with minimal side effects. In this review, we briefly introduce the classification, generation and maturation process, and features of MDSCs, and detail their functions under various circumstances. The present review specifically demonstrates the environmental specificity of MDSCs, highlighting the differences between MDSCs from cancer and healthy individuals, as well as tumor-infiltrating MDSCs and circulating MDSCs. Then, we further describe recent advances in MDSC-targeted therapies. The existing and potential targeted drugs are divided into three categories, monoclonal antibodies, small-molecular inhibitors, and peptides. Their targeting mechanisms and characteristics have been summarized respectively. We believe that a comprehensive in-depth understanding of MDSC-targeted therapy could provide more possibilities for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesDepartment of OrthodonticsWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Chenyi Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Runyu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Yixuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Tianyang Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Jiayun Yu
- Department of RadiotherapyCancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Bin Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
- State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
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48
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Gautam SK, Batra SK, Jain M. Molecular and metabolic regulation of immunosuppression in metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:118. [PMID: 37488598 PMCID: PMC10367391 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01813-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunosuppression is a hallmark of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), contributing to early metastasis and poor patient survival. Compared to the localized tumors, current standard-of-care therapies have failed to improve the survival of patients with metastatic PDAC, that necessecitates exploration of novel therapeutic approaches. While immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) and therapeutic vaccines have emerged as promising treatment modalities in certain cancers, limited responses have been achieved in PDAC. Therefore, specific mechanisms regulating the poor response to immunotherapy must be explored. The immunosuppressive microenvironment driven by oncogenic mutations, tumor secretome, non-coding RNAs, and tumor microbiome persists throughout PDAC progression, allowing neoplastic cells to grow locally and metastasize distantly. The metastatic cells escaping the host immune surveillance are unique in molecular, immunological, and metabolic characteristics. Following chemokine and exosomal guidance, these cells metastasize to the organ-specific pre-metastatic niches (PMNs) constituted by local resident cells, stromal fibroblasts, and suppressive immune cells, such as the metastasis-associated macrophages, neutrophils, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. The metastatic immune microenvironment differs from primary tumors in stromal and immune cell composition, functionality, and metabolism. Thus far, multiple molecular and metabolic pathways, distinct from primary tumors, have been identified that dampen immune effector functions, confounding the immunotherapy response in metastatic PDAC. This review describes major immunoregulatory pathways that contribute to the metastatic progression and limit immunotherapy outcomes in PDAC. Overall, we highlight the therapeutic vulnerabilities attributable to immunosuppressive factors and discuss whether targeting these molecular and immunological "hot spots" could improve the outcomes of PDAC immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailendra K Gautam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Maneesh Jain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
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Seo SK, Kwon B. Immune regulation through tryptophan metabolism. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:1371-1379. [PMID: 37394584 PMCID: PMC10394086 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01028-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Amino acids are fundamental units of molecular components that are essential for sustaining life; however, their metabolism is closely interconnected to the control systems of cell function. Tryptophan (Trp) is an essential amino acid catabolized by complex metabolic pathways. Several of the resulting Trp metabolites are bioactive and play central roles in physiology and pathophysiology. Additionally, various physiological functions of Trp metabolites are mutually regulated by the gut microbiota and intestine to coordinately maintain intestinal homeostasis and symbiosis under steady state conditions and during the immune response to pathogens and xenotoxins. Cancer and inflammatory diseases are associated with dysbiosis- and host-related aberrant Trp metabolism and inactivation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), which is a receptor of several Trp metabolites. In this review, we focus on the mechanisms through which Trp metabolism converges to AHR activation for the modulation of immune function and restoration of tissue homeostasis and how these processes can be targeted using therapeutic approaches for cancer and inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Kil Seo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine Inje University, Busan, 47392, Republic of Korea.
- Parenchyma Biotech, Busan, 47392, Republic of Korea.
| | - Byungsuk Kwon
- Parenchyma Biotech, Busan, 47392, Republic of Korea.
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 44610, Republic of Korea.
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50
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Jiménez-Alonso JJ, López-Lázaro M. Dietary Manipulation of Amino Acids for Cancer Therapy. Nutrients 2023; 15:2879. [PMID: 37447206 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells cannot proliferate and survive unless they obtain sufficient levels of the 20 proteinogenic amino acids (AAs). Unlike normal cells, cancer cells have genetic and metabolic alterations that may limit their capacity to obtain adequate levels of the 20 AAs in challenging metabolic environments. However, since normal diets provide all AAs at relatively constant levels and ratios, these potentially lethal genetic and metabolic defects are eventually harmless to cancer cells. If we temporarily replace the normal diet of cancer patients with artificial diets in which the levels of specific AAs are manipulated, cancer cells may be unable to proliferate and survive. This article reviews in vivo studies that have evaluated the antitumor activity of diets restricted in or supplemented with the 20 proteinogenic AAs, individually and in combination. It also reviews our recent studies that show that manipulating the levels of several AAs simultaneously can lead to marked survival improvements in mice with metastatic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miguel López-Lázaro
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
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