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Sun W, Nan J, Che Y, Shan H, Sun Y, Xu W, Zhu S, Zhang J, Yang B. Liquid-metal-based microfluidic nanoplasmonic platform for point-of-care naked-eye antibody detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 261:116469. [PMID: 38850738 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Despite high sensitivity of nanoparticle-on-mirror cavities, a crucial branch of plasmonic nanomaterials, complex preparation and readout processes limit their extensive application in biosensing. Alternatively, liquid metals (LMs) combining fluidity and excellent plasmonic characteristics have become potential candidates for constructing plasmonic nanostructures. Herein, we propose a microfluidic-integration strategy to construct LM-based immunoassay platform, enabling LM-based nanoplasmonic sensors to be used for point-of-care (POC) clinical biomarker detection. Flowable LM is introduced onto protein-coated Au nanoparticle monolayer to form a "mirror-on-nanoparticle" nanostructure, simplifying the fabrication process in the conventional nanoparticle-on-mirror cavities. When antibodies were captured by antigens coated on the Au nanoparticle monolayer, devices respond both thickness and refractive index change of biomolecular layers, outputting naked-eye readable signals with high sensitivity (limit of detection: ∼ 604 fM) and a broad dynamic range (6 orders). This new assay, which generates quantitative results in 30 min, allows for high-throughput, smartphone-based detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies against multiple variants in clinical serum or blood samples. These results establish an advanced avenue for POC testing with LM materials, and demonstrate its potential to facilitate diagnostics, surveillance and prevalence studies for various infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Center for Supramolecular, Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, PR China; Joint Laboratory of Opto-Functional Theranostics in Medicine and Chemistry, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China
| | - Jingjie Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Center for Supramolecular, Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, PR China; Joint Laboratory of Opto-Functional Theranostics in Medicine and Chemistry, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Che
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China
| | - Hongli Shan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China
| | - Yihan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Center for Supramolecular, Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, PR China; Joint Laboratory of Opto-Functional Theranostics in Medicine and Chemistry, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China
| | - Shoujun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Center for Supramolecular, Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, PR China; Joint Laboratory of Opto-Functional Theranostics in Medicine and Chemistry, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China
| | - Junhu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Center for Supramolecular, Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, PR China; Joint Laboratory of Opto-Functional Theranostics in Medicine and Chemistry, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China.
| | - Bai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Center for Supramolecular, Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, PR China; Joint Laboratory of Opto-Functional Theranostics in Medicine and Chemistry, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China
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2
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Boukherroub R, Szunerits S. The Future of Nanotechnology-Driven Electrochemical and Electrical Point-of-Care Devices and Diagnostic Tests. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2024; 17:173-195. [PMID: 39018353 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061622-012029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Point-of-care (POC) devices have become rising stars in the biosensing field, aiming at prognosis and diagnosis of diseases with a positive impact on the patient but also on healthcare and social care systems. Putting the patient at the center of interest requires the implementation of noninvasive technologies for collecting biofluids and the development of wearable platforms with integrated artificial intelligence-based tools for improved analytical accuracy and wireless readout technologies. Many electrical and electrochemical transducer technologies have been proposed for POC-based sensing, but several necessitate further development before being widely deployable. This review focuses on recent innovations in electrochemical and electrical biosensors and their growth opportunities for nanotechnology-driven multidisciplinary approaches. With a focus on analytical aspects to pave the way for future electrical/electrochemical diagnostics tests, current limitations and drawbacks as well as directions for future developments are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabah Boukherroub
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520-IEMN, Lille, France;
| | - Sabine Szunerits
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520-IEMN, Lille, France;
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3
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Villatoro E, Loyez M, Villatoro J, Caucheteur C, Albert J. Dual-Mode Comb Plasmonic Optical Fiber Sensing. ACS Sens 2024; 9:3027-3036. [PMID: 38864606 PMCID: PMC11218750 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Surface plasmon (SP) excitation in metal-coated tilted fiber Bragg gratings (TFBGs) has been a focal point for highly sensitive surface biosensing. Previous efforts focused on uniform metal layer deposition around the TFBG cross section and temperature self-compensation with the Bragg mode, requiring both careful control of the core-guided light polarization and interrogation over most of the C + L bands. To circumvent these two important practical limitations, we studied and developed an original platform based on partially coated TFBGs. The partial metal layer enables the generation of dual-comb resonances, encompassing highly sensitive (TM/EH mode families) and highly insensitive (TE/HE mode families) components in unpolarized transmission spectra. The interleaved comb of insensitive modes acts as wavelength and power references within the same spectral region as the SP-active modes. Despite reduced fabrication and measurement complexity, refractometric accuracy is not compromised through statistical averaging over seven individual resonances within a narrowband window of 10 nm. Consequently, measuring spectra over 60 nm is no longer needed to compensate for small temperature or power fluctuations. This sensing platform brings the following important practical assets: (1) a simpler fabrication process, (2) no need for polarization control, (3) limited bandwidth interrogation, and (4) maintained refractometric accuracy, which makes it a true game changer in the ever-growing plasmonic sensing domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efraín Villatoro
- Department
of Electronics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
- INAOE
- Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrónica, Luis Enrique Erro 1, 72840 Puebla, Mexico
| | | | - Joel Villatoro
- Department
of Communications Engineering, University
of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
- BCMaterials
- Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain
- IKERBASQUE
- Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Spain
| | | | - Jacques Albert
- Department
of Electronics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
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4
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Koc N, Belarouci A, Oktem E, Aksu S. Objective-Free Ultrasensitive Biosensing on Large-Area Metamaterial Surfaces in the Near-IR. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:32516-32523. [PMID: 38867603 PMCID: PMC11212022 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c04777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Plasmonic metamaterials have opened new avenues in medical diagnostics. However, the transfer of the technology to the markets has been delayed due to multiple challenges. The need of bulky optics for signal reading from nanostructures patterned on submillimeter area limits the miniaturization of the devices. The use of objective-free optics can solve this problem, which necessitates large area patterning of the nanostructures. In this work, we utilize laser interference lithography (LIL) to pattern nanodisc-shaped metamaterial absorber nanoantennas over a large area (4 cm2) within minutes. The introduction of a sacrificial layer during the fabrication process enables an inverted hole profile and a well-controlled liftoff, which ensures perfectly defined uniform nanopatterning almost with no defects. Furthermore, we use a macroscopic reflection probe for optical characterization in the near-IR, including the detection of the binding kinematics of immunologically relevant proteins. We show that the photonic quality of the plasmonic nanoantennas commensurates with electron-beam-lithography-fabricated ones over the whole area. The refractive index sensitivity of the LIL-fabricated metasurface is determined as 685 nm per refractive index unit, which demonstrates ultrasensitive detection. Moreover, the fabricated surfaces can be used multiple times for biosensing without losing their optical quality. The combination of rapid and large area nanofabrication with a simple optical reading not only simplifies the detection process but also makes the biosensors more environmentally friendly and cost-effective. Therefore, the improvements provided in this work will empower researchers and industries for accurate and real-time analysis of biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurten Koc
- Materials
Science and Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Ali Belarouci
- Univ
Lyon, ECL, INSA Lyon, CNRS, UCBL, CPE Lyon, INL, UMR5270, Ecully 69130, France
| | - Evren Oktem
- Biomedical
Science and Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Serap Aksu
- Materials
Science and Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
- Biomedical
Science and Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
- Department
of Physics, Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
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5
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Li S, Wang W, Liu W, Chen C, Shephard S, Yuan F, Reinhart JM, Diel D, Cunningham BT, Fang Y. Digital Immunoassay for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Broad Spectrum of Animals. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.21.600129. [PMID: 38979300 PMCID: PMC11230178 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.21.600129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
The ability of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to infect a wide-range of species raises significant concerns regarding both human-to-animal and animal-to-human transmission. There is an increasing demand for highly sensitive, rapid, and simple diagnostic assays that can detect viral infection across various species. In this study, we developed a biosensor assay that adapted a monoclonal-antibody (mAb)-based blocking ELISA format into an Activate Capture + Digital Counting (AC + DC)-based immunoassay. The assay employs a photonic crystal (PC) biosensor, gold-nanoparticle (AuNP) tags, SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) protein, and specific anti-N mAb to detect antibody responses in animals exposed with SARS-CoV-2. We demonstrated a simple 2-step 15-min test that was capable of detecting as low as 12.5 ng of antibody in controlled standard serum samples. Based on an evaluation of 176 cat serum samples with known antibody status, an optimal percentage of inhibition (PI) cut-off value of 0.588 resulted in a diagnostic sensitivity of 98.3% and a diagnostic specificity of 96.5%. The test is highly repeatable with low variation coefficients of 2.04%, 2.73%, and 4.87% across different runs, within a single run, and on a single chip, respectively. The test was further employed to detect antibody responses in multiple animal species as well as investigate dynamics of antibody response in experimentally infected cats. This test platform provides an important tool for rapid field surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 infection across multiple species.
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Li R, Gong Y, Huang H, Zhou Y, Mao S, Wei Z, Zhang Z. Photonics for Neuromorphic Computing: Fundamentals, Devices, and Opportunities. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2312825. [PMID: 39011981 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
In the dynamic landscape of Artificial Intelligence (AI), two notable phenomena are becoming predominant: the exponential growth of large AI model sizes and the explosion of massive amount of data. Meanwhile, scientific research such as quantum computing and protein synthesis increasingly demand higher computing capacities. As the Moore's Law approaches its terminus, there is an urgent need for alternative computing paradigms that satisfy this growing computing demand and break through the barrier of the von Neumann model. Neuromorphic computing, inspired by the mechanism and functionality of human brains, uses physical artificial neurons to do computations and is drawing widespread attention. This review studies the expansion of optoelectronic devices on photonic integration platforms that has led to significant growth in photonic computing, where photonic integrated circuits (PICs) have enabled ultrafast artificial neural networks (ANN) with sub-nanosecond latencies, low heat dissipation, and high parallelism. In particular, various technologies and devices employed in neuromorphic photonic AI accelerators, spanning from traditional optics to PCSEL lasers are examined. Lastly, it is recognized that existing neuromorphic technologies encounter obstacles in meeting the peta-level computing speed and energy efficiency threshold, and potential approaches in new devices, fabrication, materials, and integration to drive innovation are also explored. As the current challenges and barriers in cost, scalability, footprint, and computing capacity are resolved one-by-one, photonic neuromorphic systems are bound to co-exist with, if not replace, conventional electronic computers and transform the landscape of AI and scientific computing in the foreseeable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjie Li
- School of Science and Engineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Chips, Shenzhen Key Lab of Semiconductor Lasers, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Yuanhao Gong
- School of Science and Engineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Chips, Shenzhen Key Lab of Semiconductor Lasers, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Hai Huang
- School of Science and Engineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Chips, Shenzhen Key Lab of Semiconductor Lasers, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Yuze Zhou
- School of Science and Engineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Chips, Shenzhen Key Lab of Semiconductor Lasers, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Sixuan Mao
- School of Science and Engineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Chips, Shenzhen Key Lab of Semiconductor Lasers, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Zhijian Wei
- SONT Technologies Co. LTD, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 510245, China
| | - Zhaoyu Zhang
- School of Science and Engineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Chips, Shenzhen Key Lab of Semiconductor Lasers, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
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7
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Taha BA, Ahmed NM, Talreja RK, Haider AJ, Al Mashhadany Y, Al-Jubouri Q, Huddin AB, Mokhtar MHH, Rustagi S, Kaushik A, Chaudhary V, Arsad N. Synergizing Nanomaterials and Artificial Intelligence in Advanced Optical Biosensors for Precision Antimicrobial Resistance Diagnosis. ACS Synth Biol 2024; 13:1600-1620. [PMID: 38842483 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.4c00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a critical global One Health concern, ensuing from unintentional and continuous exposure to antibiotics, as well as challenges in accurate contagion diagnostics. Addressing AMR requires a strategic approach that emphasizes early stage prevention through screening in clinical, environmental, farming, and livestock settings to identify nonvulnerable antimicrobial agents and the associated genes. Conventional AMR diagnostics, like antibiotic susceptibility testing, possess drawbacks, including high costs, time-consuming processes, and significant manpower requirements, underscoring the need for intelligent, prompt, and on-site diagnostic techniques. Nanoenabled artificial intelligence (AI)-supported smart optical biosensors present a potential solution by facilitating rapid point-of-care AMR detection with real-time, sensitive, and portable capabilities. This Review comprehensively explores various types of optical nanobiosensors, such as surface plasmon resonance sensors, whispering-gallery mode sensors, optical coherence tomography, interference reflection imaging sensors, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, microring resonance sensors, and optical tweezer biosensors, for AMR diagnostics. By harnessing the unique advantages of these nanoenabled smart biosensors, a revolutionary paradigm shift in AMR diagnostics can be achieved, characterized by rapid results, high sensitivity, portability, and integration with Internet-of-Things (IoT) technologies. Moreover, nanoenabled optical biosensors enable personalized monitoring and on-site detection, significantly reducing turnaround time and eliminating the human resources needed for sample preservation and transportation. Their potential for holistic environmental surveillance further enhances monitoring capabilities in diverse settings, leading to improved modern-age healthcare practices and more effective management of antimicrobial treatments. Embracing these advanced diagnostic tools promises to bolster global healthcare capacity to combat AMR and safeguard One Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bakr Ahmed Taha
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia UKM, 43600 Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Naser M Ahmed
- Department of Laser and Optoelectronics Engineering, Dijlah University College, 00964 Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Rishi Kumar Talreja
- Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Adawiya J Haider
- Applied Sciences Department/Laser Science and Technology Branch, University of Technology, 00964 Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Yousif Al Mashhadany
- Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Anbar, Anbar 00964, Iraq
| | - Qussay Al-Jubouri
- Department of Communication Engineering, University of Technology, 00964 Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Aqilah Baseri Huddin
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia UKM, 43600 Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hadri Hafiz Mokhtar
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia UKM, 43600 Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Sarvesh Rustagi
- School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttrakhand 248007, India
| | - Ajeet Kaushik
- NanoBioTech Laboratory, Department of Environmental Engineering, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, Florida 33805, United States
| | - Vishal Chaudhary
- Physics Department, Bhagini Nivedita College, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110045, India
| | - Norhana Arsad
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia UKM, 43600 Bangi, Malaysia
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Nisar S, Dastgeer G, Shazad ZM, Zulfiqar MW, Rasheed A, Iqbal MZ, Hussain K, Rabani I, Kim DK, Irfan A, Chaudhry AR. 2D Materials in Advanced Electronic Biosensors for Point-of-Care Devices. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2401386. [PMID: 38894575 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Since two-dimensionalal (2D) materials have distinct chemical and physical properties, they are widely used in various sectors of modern technologies. In the domain of diagnostic biodevices, particularly for point-of-care (PoC) biomedical diagnostics, 2D-based field-effect transistor biosensors (bio-FETs) demonstrate substantial potential. Here, in this review article, the operational mechanisms and detection capabilities of biosensing devices utilizing graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), black phosphorus, and other 2D materials are addressed in detail. The incorporation of these materials into FET-based biosensors offers significant advantages, including low detection limits (LOD), real-time monitoring, label-free diagnosis, and exceptional selectivity. The review also highlights the diverse applications of these biosensors, ranging from conventional to wearable devices, underscoring the versatility of 2D material-based FET devices. Additionally, the review provides a comprehensive assessment of the limitations and challenges faced by these devices, along with insights into future prospects and advancements. Notably, a detailed comparison of FET-based biosensors is tabulated along with various other biosensing platforms and their working mechanisms. Ultimately, this review aims to stimulate further research and innovation in this field while educating the scientific community about the latest advancements in 2D materials-based biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sobia Nisar
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence Engineering for Intelligent Drone, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Ghulam Dastgeer
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Zafar Muhammad Shazad
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical Polymer and Composite Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology, Faisalabad Campus, Lahore, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Wajid Zulfiqar
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
- Department of Semiconductor Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Amir Rasheed
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Muhammad Zahir Iqbal
- Renewable Energy Research Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 23640, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Hussain
- THz Technical Research Center; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518060, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, CAPT, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Iqra Rabani
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok-Kee Kim
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence Engineering for Intelligent Drone, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
- Department of Semiconductor Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmad Irfan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, P. O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aijaz Rasool Chaudhry
- Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Bisha, P.O. Box 551, Bisha, 61922, Saudi Arabia
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Mostufa S, Rezaei B, Ciannella S, Yari P, Gómez-Pastora J, He R, Wu K. Advancements and Perspectives in Optical Biosensors. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:24181-24202. [PMID: 38882113 PMCID: PMC11170745 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Optical biosensors exhibit immense potential, offering extraordinary possibilities for biosensing due to their high sensitivity, reusability, and ultrafast sensing capabilities. This review provides a concise overview of optical biosensors, encompassing various platforms, operational mechanisms, and underlying physics, and it summarizes recent advancements in the field. Special attention is given to plasmonic biosensors and metasurface-based biosensors, emphasizing their significant performance in bioassays and, thus, their increasing attraction in biosensing research, positioning them as excellent candidates for lab-on-chip and point-of-care devices. For plasmonic biosensors, we emphasize surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and its subcategories, along with localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) devices and surface enhance Raman spectroscopy (SERS), highlighting their ability to perform diverse bioassays. Additionally, we discuss recently emerged metasurface-based biosensors. Toward the conclusion of this review, we address current challenges, opportunities, and prospects in optical biosensing. Considering the advancements and advantages presented by optical biosensors, it is foreseeable that they will become a robust and widespread platform for early disease diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahriar Mostufa
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Bahareh Rezaei
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Stefano Ciannella
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Parsa Yari
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Jenifer Gómez-Pastora
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Rui He
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Kai Wu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
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10
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Nizamani MM, Hughes AC, Zhang HL, Wang Y. Revolutionizing agriculture with nanotechnology: Innovative approaches in fungal disease management and plant health monitoring. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 928:172473. [PMID: 38615773 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has emerged as a transformative force in modern agriculture, offering innovative solutions to address challenges related to fungal plant diseases and overall agricultural productivity. Specifically, the antifungal activities of metal, metal oxide, bio-nanoparticles, and polymer nanoparticles were examined, highlighting their unique mechanisms of action against fungal pathogens. Nanoparticles can be used as carriers for fungicides, offering advantages in controlled release, targeted delivery, and reduced environmental toxicity. Nano-pesticides and nano-fertilizers can enhance nutrient uptake, plant health, and disease resistance were explored. The development of nanosensors, especially those utilizing quantum dots and plasmonic nanoparticles, promises early and accurate detection of fungal pathogens, a crucial step in timely disease management. However, concerns about their potential toxic effects on non-target organisms, environmental impacts, and regulatory hurdles underscore the importance of rigorous research and impact assessments. The review concludes by emphasizing the significant prospects of nanotechnology in reshaping the future of agriculture but advocates for a balanced approach that prioritizes safety, sustainability, and environmental stewardship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mir Muhammad Nizamani
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Alice C Hughes
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Hai-Li Zhang
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
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11
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Zhou H, Li D, Ren Z, Xu C, Wang LF, Lee C. Surface plasmons-phonons for mid-infrared hyperspectral imaging. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eado3179. [PMID: 38809968 PMCID: PMC11135386 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ado3179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Surface plasmons have proven their ability to boost the sensitivity of mid-infrared hyperspectral imaging by enhancing light-matter interactions. Surface phonons, a counterpart technology to plasmons, present unclear contributions to hyperspectral imaging. Here, we investigate this by developing a plasmon-phonon hyperspectral imaging system that uses asymmetric cross-shaped nanoantennas composed of stacked plasmon-phonon materials. The phonon modes within this system, controlled by light polarization, capture molecular refractive index intensity and lineshape features, distinct from those observed with plasmons, enabling more precise and sensitive molecule identification. In a deep learning-assisted imaging demonstration of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), phonons exhibit enhanced identification capabilities (230,400 spectra/s), facilitating the de-overlapping and observation of the spatial distribution of two mixed SARS-CoV spike proteins. In addition, the plasmon-phonon system demonstrates increased identification accuracy (93%), heightened sensitivity, and enhanced detection limits (down to molecule monolayers). These findings extend phonon polaritonics to hyperspectral imaging, promising applications in imaging-guided molecule screening and pharmaceutical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhou
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Dongxiao Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Zhihao Ren
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Cheng Xu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Lin-Fa Wang
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chengkuo Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- NUS Suzhou Research Institute (NUSRI), Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
- NUS Graduate School–Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme (ISEP), National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
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12
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Bahamondes Lorca VA, Ávalos-Ovando O, Sikeler C, Ijäs H, Santiago EY, Skelton E, Wang Y, Yang R, Cimatu KLA, Baturina O, Wang Z, Liu J, Slocik JM, Wu S, Ma D, Pastukhov A, Kabashin AV, Kordesch ME, Govorov AO. Lateral Flow Assay Biotesting by Utilizing Plasmonic Nanoparticles Made of Inexpensive Metals─Replacing Colloidal Gold. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:6069-6077. [PMID: 38739779 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c01022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) can be conjugated with diverse biomolecules and employed in biosensing to detect target analytes in biological samples. This proven concept was primarily used during the COVID-19 pandemic with gold-NP-based lateral flow assays (LFAs). Considering the gold price and its worldwide depletion, here we show that novel plasmonic NPs based on inexpensive metals, titanium nitride (TiN) and copper covered with a gold shell (Cu@Au), perform comparable to or even better than gold nanoparticles. After conjugation, these novel nanoparticles provided high figures of merit for LFA testing, such as high signals and specificity and robust naked-eye signal recognition. Since the main cost of Au NPs in commercial testing kits is the colloidal synthesis, our development with the Cu@Au and the laser-ablation-fabricated TiN NPs is exciting, offering potentially inexpensive plasmonic nanomaterials for various bioapplications. Moreover, our machine learning study showed that biodetection with TiN is more accurate than that with Au.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica A Bahamondes Lorca
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
- Departamento de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Oscar Ávalos-Ovando
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
- Nanoscale and Quantum Phenomena Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Christoph Sikeler
- Faculty of Physics and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig Maximilians University, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Heini Ijäs
- Faculty of Physics and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig Maximilians University, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Eva Yazmin Santiago
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
- Nanoscale and Quantum Phenomena Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Eli Skelton
- Nanoscale and Quantum Phenomena Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Yong Wang
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Varennes, Québec J3X 1P7, Canada
| | - Ruiqi Yang
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Varennes, Québec J3X 1P7, Canada
| | - Katherine Leslee Asetre Cimatu
- Nanoscale and Quantum Phenomena Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Olga Baturina
- Chemistry Division, United States Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Zhewei Wang
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Jundong Liu
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Joseph M Slocik
- Soft Matter Materials Branch, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433-7750, United States
| | - Shiyong Wu
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Dongling Ma
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Varennes, Québec J3X 1P7, Canada
| | - Andrei Pastukhov
- Laboratory LP3, Campus de Luminy, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Andrei V Kabashin
- Laboratory LP3, Campus de Luminy, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Martin E Kordesch
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
- Nanoscale and Quantum Phenomena Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Alexander O Govorov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
- Nanoscale and Quantum Phenomena Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
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13
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Ilieş BD, Yildiz I, Abbas M. Peptide-conjugated Nanoparticle Platforms for Targeted Delivery, Imaging, and Biosensing Applications. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202300867. [PMID: 38551557 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/24/2024]
Abstract
Peptides have become an indispensable tool in engineering of multifunctional nanostructure platforms for biomedical applications such as targeted drug and gene delivery, imaging and biosensing. They can be covalently incorporated into a variety of nanoparticles (NPs) including polymers, metallic nanoparticles, and others. Using different bioconjugation techniques, multifunctional peptide-modified NPs can be formulated to produce therapeutical and diagnostic platforms offering high specificity, lower toxicity, biocompatibility, and stimuli responsive behavior. Targeting peptides can direct the nanoparticles into specific tissues for targeted drug and gene delivery and imaging applications due to their specificity towards certain receptors. Furthermore, due to their stimuli-responsive features, they can offer controlled release of therapeutics into desired sites of disease. In addition, peptide-based biosensors and imaging agents can provide non-invasive detection and monitoring of diseases including cancer, infectious diseases, and neurological disorders. In this review, we covered the design and formulation of recent peptide-based NP platforms, as well as their utilization in in vitro and in vivo applications such as targeted drug and gene delivery, targeting, sensing, and imaging applications. In the end, we provided the future outlook to design new peptide conjugated nanomaterials for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Dragoş Ilieş
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box, 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Functional Biomaterials Group, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box, 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Ibrahim Yildiz
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box, 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Functional Biomaterials Group, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box, 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Manzar Abbas
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box, 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Functional Biomaterials Group, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box, 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
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14
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Sen P, Zhang Z, Sakib S, Gu J, Li W, Adhikari BR, Motsenyat A, L'Heureux-Hache J, Ang JC, Panesar G, Salena BJ, Yamamura D, Miller MS, Li Y, Soleymani L. High-Precision Viral Detection Using Electrochemical Kinetic Profiling of Aptamer-Antigen Recognition in Clinical Samples and Machine Learning. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400413. [PMID: 38458987 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
High-precision viral detection at point of need with clinical samples plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis of infectious diseases and the control of a global pandemic. However, the complexity of clinical samples that often contain very low viral concentrations makes it a huge challenge to develop simple diagnostic devices that do not require any sample processing and yet are capable of meeting performance metrics such as very high sensitivity and specificity. Herein we describe a new single-pot and single-step electrochemical method that uses real-time kinetic profiling of the interaction between a high-affinity aptamer and an antigen on a viral surface. This method generates many data points per sample, which when combined with machine learning, can deliver highly accurate test results in a short testing time. We demonstrate this concept using both SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza A viruses as model viruses with specifically engineered high-affinity aptamers. Utilizing this technique to diagnose COVID-19 with 37 real human saliva samples results in a sensitivity and specificity of both 100 % (27 true negatives and 10 true positives, with 0 false negative and 0 false positive), which showcases the superb diagnostic precision of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payel Sen
- Department of Engineering Physics, McMaster University, Canada
| | - Zijie Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Canada
| | - Sadman Sakib
- Department of Engineering Physics, McMaster University, Canada
| | - Jimmy Gu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Canada
| | - Wantong Li
- Department of Engineering Physics, McMaster University, Canada
| | | | - Ariel Motsenyat
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, McMaster University, Canada
| | | | - Jann C Ang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Canada
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Canada
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Canada
| | - Gurpreet Panesar
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Canada
| | | | - Debora Yamamura
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Canada
| | - Matthew S Miller
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Canada
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Canada
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Canada
| | - Yingfu Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Canada
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Canada
| | - Leyla Soleymani
- Department of Engineering Physics, McMaster University, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Canada
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Canada
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15
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Barkey M, Büchner R, Wester A, Pritzl SD, Makarenko M, Wang Q, Weber T, Trauner D, Maier SA, Fratalocchi A, Lohmüller T, Tittl A. Pixelated High- Q Metasurfaces for in Situ Biospectroscopy and Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Classification of Lipid Membrane Photoswitching Dynamics. ACS NANO 2024; 18:11644-11654. [PMID: 38653474 PMCID: PMC11080459 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Nanophotonic devices excel at confining light into intense hot spots of electromagnetic near fields, creating exceptional opportunities for light-matter coupling and surface-enhanced sensing. Recently, all-dielectric metasurfaces with ultrasharp resonances enabled by photonic bound states in the continuum (BICs) have unlocked additional functionalities for surface-enhanced biospectroscopy by precisely targeting and reading out the molecular absorption signatures of diverse molecular systems. However, BIC-driven molecular spectroscopy has so far focused on end point measurements in dry conditions, neglecting the crucial interaction dynamics of biological systems. Here, we combine the advantages of pixelated all-dielectric metasurfaces with deep learning-enabled feature extraction and prediction to realize an integrated optofluidic platform for time-resolved in situ biospectroscopy. Our approach harnesses high-Q metasurfaces specifically designed for operation in a lossy aqueous environment together with advanced spectral sampling techniques to temporally resolve the dynamic behavior of photoswitchable lipid membranes. Enabled by a software convolutional neural network, we further demonstrate the real-time classification of the characteristic cis and trans membrane conformations with 98% accuracy. Our synergistic sensing platform incorporating metasurfaces, optofluidics, and deep learning reveals exciting possibilities for studying multimolecular biological systems, ranging from the behavior of transmembrane proteins to the dynamic processes associated with cellular communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Barkey
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano-Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universtität München, Königinstraße 10, 80539 München, Germany
| | - Rebecca Büchner
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano-Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universtität München, Königinstraße 10, 80539 München, Germany
- Nanophotonic
Systems Laboratory, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alwin Wester
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano-Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universtität München, Königinstraße 10, 80539 München, Germany
| | - Stefanie D. Pritzl
- Chair
for Photonics and Optoelectronics, Nano-Institute Munich, Faculty
of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universtität
München, Königinstraße
10, 80539 München, Germany
- Department
of Physics and Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 1, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maksim Makarenko
- PRIMALIGHT,
Faculty of Electrical Engineering, King
Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qizhou Wang
- PRIMALIGHT,
Faculty of Electrical Engineering, King
Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thomas Weber
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano-Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universtität München, Königinstraße 10, 80539 München, Germany
| | - Dirk Trauner
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United
States
| | - Stefan A. Maier
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano-Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universtität München, Königinstraße 10, 80539 München, Germany
- School of
Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
- The Blackett
Laboratory, Department of Physics, Imperial
College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Fratalocchi
- PRIMALIGHT,
Faculty of Electrical Engineering, King
Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Theobald Lohmüller
- Chair
for Photonics and Optoelectronics, Nano-Institute Munich, Faculty
of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universtität
München, Königinstraße
10, 80539 München, Germany
| | - Andreas Tittl
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano-Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universtität München, Königinstraße 10, 80539 München, Germany
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16
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An S, Liu T, Cao L, Gu Z, Fan H, Zeng Y, Cheng L, Zhu J, Assouar B. Multibranch Elastic Bound States in the Continuum. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:187202. [PMID: 38759185 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.187202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Constructing a highly localized wave field by means of bound states in the continuum (BICs) promotes enhanced wave-matter interaction and offers approaches to high-sensitivity devices. Elastic waves can carry complex polarizations and thus differ from electromagnetic waves and other scalar mechanical waves in the formation of BICs, which is yet to be fully explored and exploited. Here, we report the investigation of local resonance modes supported by a Lamb waveguide side-branched with two pairs of resonant pillars and show the emergence of two groups of elastic BICs with different polarizations or symmetries. Particularly, the two groups of BICs exhibit distinct responses to external perturbations, based on which a label-free sensing scheme with enhanced-sensitivity is proposed. Our study reveals the rich properties of BICs arising from the complex wave dynamics in elastic media and demonstrates their unique functionality for sensing and detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuowei An
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tuo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Noise and Vibration Research, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Liyun Cao
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, Institut Jean Lamour, Nancy 54000, France
| | - Zhongming Gu
- Institute of Acoustics, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Haiyan Fan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, Institut Jean Lamour, Nancy 54000, France
| | - Li Cheng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Institute of Acoustics, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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17
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Hemmerová E, Homola J. Combining plasmonic and electrochemical biosensing methods. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 251:116098. [PMID: 38359667 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The idea of combining electrochemical (EC) and plasmonic biosensor methods was introduced almost thirty years ago and the potential of electrochemical-plasmonic (EC-P) biosensors has been highlighted ever since. Despite that, the use of EC-P biosensors in analytics has been rather limited so far and the search for unique applications of the EC-P method continues. In this paper, we review the advances in the field of EC-P biosensors and discuss the features and benefits they can provide. In addition, we identify the main challenges for the development of EC-P biosensors and the limitations that prevent EC-P biosensors from more widespread use. Finally, we review applications of EC-P biosensors for the investigation and quantification of biomolecules, and for the study of biomolecular and cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Hemmerová
- Institute of Photonics and Electronics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Chaberská 1014/57, 182 51, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Homola
- Institute of Photonics and Electronics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Chaberská 1014/57, 182 51, Prague, Czech Republic.
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18
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Butt MA. Racetrack Ring Resonator-Based on Hybrid Plasmonic Waveguide for Refractive Index Sensing. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:610. [PMID: 38793183 PMCID: PMC11123182 DOI: 10.3390/mi15050610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a comprehensive numerical analysis is conducted on a hybrid plasmonic waveguide (HPWG)-based racetrack ring resonator (RTRR) structure, tailored specifically for refractive index sensing applications. The sensor design optimization yields remarkable results, achieving a sensitivity of 275.7 nm/RIU. Subsequently, the boundaries of sensor performance are pushed even further by integrating a subwavelength grating (SWG) structure into the racetrack configuration, thereby augmenting the light-matter interaction. Of particular note is the pivotal role played by the length of the SWG segment in enhancing device sensitivity. It is observed that a significant sensitivity enhancement can be obtained, with values escalating from 377.1 nm/RIU to 477.7 nm/RIU as the SWG segment length increases from 5 µm to 10 µm, respectively. This investigation underscores the immense potential of HPWG in tandem with SWG for notably enhancing the sensitivity of photonic sensors. These findings not only advance the understanding of these structures but also pave the way for the development of highly efficient sensing devices with unprecedented performance capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad A Butt
- Institute of Microelectronics and Optoelectronics, Warsaw University of Technology, Koszykowa 75, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
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19
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Manoharan AK, Batcha MIK, Mahalingam S, Raj B, Kim J. Recent Advances in Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials for Healthcare Monitoring. ACS Sens 2024; 9:1706-1734. [PMID: 38563358 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The development of advanced technologies for the fabrication of functional nanomaterials, nanostructures, and devices has facilitated the development of biosensors for analyses. Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, with unique hierarchical structures, a high surface area, and the ability to be functionalized for target detection at the surface, exhibit high potential for biosensing applications. The electronic properties, mechanical flexibility, and optical, electrochemical, and physical properties of 2D nanomaterials can be easily modulated, enabling the construction of biosensing platforms for the detection of various analytes with targeted recognition, sensitivity, and selectivity. This review provides an overview of the recent advances in 2D nanomaterials and nanostructures used for biosensor and wearable-sensor development for healthcare and health-monitoring applications. Finally, the advantages of 2D-nanomaterial-based devices and several challenges in their optimal operation have been discussed to facilitate the development of smart high-performance biosensors in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar Manoharan
- Department of Electrical, Electronics and Communication Engineering, School of Technology, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management (GITAM), Bengaluru 561203, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohamed Ismail Kamal Batcha
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Agni College of Technology, Chennai 600130, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shanmugam Mahalingam
- Department of Materials System Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Balwinder Raj
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology Jalandhar, Punjab 144011, India
| | - Junghwan Kim
- Department of Materials System Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
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20
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Bowman AR, Rodríguez Echarri A, Kiani F, Iyikanat F, Tsoulos TV, Cox JD, Sundararaman R, García de Abajo FJ, Tagliabue G. Quantum-mechanical effects in photoluminescence from thin crystalline gold films. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2024; 13:91. [PMID: 38637531 PMCID: PMC11026419 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01408-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Luminescence constitutes a unique source of insight into hot carrier processes in metals, including those in plasmonic nanostructures used for sensing and energy applications. However, being weak in nature, metal luminescence remains poorly understood, its microscopic origin strongly debated, and its potential for unraveling nanoscale carrier dynamics largely unexploited. Here, we reveal quantum-mechanical effects in the luminescence emanating from thin monocrystalline gold flakes. Specifically, we present experimental evidence, supported by first-principles simulations, to demonstrate its photoluminescence origin (i.e., radiative emission from electron/hole recombination) when exciting in the interband regime. Our model allows us to identify changes to the measured gold luminescence due to quantum-mechanical effects as the gold film thickness is reduced. Excitingly, such effects are observable in the luminescence signal from flakes up to 40 nm in thickness, associated with the out-of-plane discreteness of the electronic band structure near the Fermi level. We qualitatively reproduce the observations with first-principles modeling, thus establishing a unified description of luminescence in gold monocrystalline flakes and enabling its widespread application as a probe of carrier dynamics and light-matter interactions in this material. Our study paves the way for future explorations of hot carriers and charge-transfer dynamics in a multitude of material systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan R Bowman
- Laboratory of Nanoscience for Energy Technologies (LNET), STI, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alvaro Rodríguez Echarri
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
- MBI-Max-Born-Institut, Berlin, Germany
| | - Fatemeh Kiani
- Laboratory of Nanoscience for Energy Technologies (LNET), STI, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fadil Iyikanat
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Ted V Tsoulos
- Laboratory of Nanoscience for Energy Technologies (LNET), STI, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Joel D Cox
- POLIMA-Center for Polariton-driven Light-Matter Interactions, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
- Danish Institute for Advanced Study, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Ravishankar Sundararaman
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - F Javier García de Abajo
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
- ICREA-Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giulia Tagliabue
- Laboratory of Nanoscience for Energy Technologies (LNET), STI, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
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21
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Yao J, Hsu WL, Liang Y, Lin R, Chen MK, Tsai DP. Nonlocal metasurface for dark-field edge emission. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadn2752. [PMID: 38630828 PMCID: PMC11023491 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adn2752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Nonlocal effects originating from interactions between neighboring meta-atoms introduce additional degrees of freedom for peculiar characteristics of metadevices, such as enhancement, selectivity, and spatial modulation. However, they are generally difficult to manipulate because of the collective responses of multiple meta-atoms. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the nonlocal metasurface to realize the spatial modulation of dark-field emission. Plasmonic asymmetric split rings (ASRs) are designed to simultaneously excite local dipole resonance and nonlocal quasi-bound states in the continuum and spatially extended modes. With one type of unit, nonlocal effects are tailored by varying array periods. ASRs at the metasurface's edge lack sufficient interactions, resulting in stronger dark-field scattering and thus edge emission properties of the metasurface. Pixel-level spatial control is demonstrated by simply erasing some units, providing more flexibility than conventional local metasurfaces. This work paves the way for manipulating nonlocal effects and facilitates applications in optical trapping and sorting at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Yao
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wei-Lun Hsu
- Department of Optics and Photonics, National Central University, Taoyuan 320371, Taiwan
| | - Yao Liang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rong Lin
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mu Ku Chen
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Biosystems, Neuroscience, and Nanotechnology, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Din Ping Tsai
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Biosystems, Neuroscience, and Nanotechnology, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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22
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Potrich C, Palmara G, Frascella F, Pancheri L, Lunelli L. Innovative Detection of Biomarkers Based on Chemiluminescent Nanoparticles and a Lensless Optical Sensor. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:184. [PMID: 38667176 PMCID: PMC11048690 DOI: 10.3390/bios14040184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The identification and quantification of biomarkers with innovative technologies is an urgent need for the precise diagnosis and follow up of human diseases. Body fluids offer a variety of informative biomarkers, which are traditionally measured with time-consuming and expensive methods. In this context, lateral flow tests (LFTs) represent a rapid and low-cost technology with a sensitivity that is potentially improvable by chemiluminescence biosensing. Here, an LFT based on gold nanoparticles functionalized with antibodies labeled with the enzyme horseradish peroxidase is combined with a lensless biosensor. This biosensor comprises four Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPM) coupled in close proximity to the LFT strip. Microfluidics for liquid handling complete the system. The development and the setup of the biosensor is carefully described and characterized. C-reactive protein was selected as a proof-of-concept biomarker to define the limit of detection, which resulted in about 0.8 pM when gold nanoparticles were used. The rapid readout (less than 5 min) and the absence of sample preparation make this biosensor promising for the direct and fast detection of human biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Potrich
- Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Center for Sensors & Devices, Via Sommarive 18, I-38123 Trento, Italy; (G.P.); (L.L.)
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biofisica, Via alla Cascata 56/C, I-38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Gianluca Palmara
- Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Center for Sensors & Devices, Via Sommarive 18, I-38123 Trento, Italy; (G.P.); (L.L.)
- Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, I-10129 Torino, Italy;
| | - Francesca Frascella
- Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, I-10129 Torino, Italy;
| | - Lucio Pancheri
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, I-38123 Trento, Italy;
| | - Lorenzo Lunelli
- Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Center for Sensors & Devices, Via Sommarive 18, I-38123 Trento, Italy; (G.P.); (L.L.)
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biofisica, Via alla Cascata 56/C, I-38123 Trento, Italy
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23
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Liu X, Zhang Z, Zhou J, Liu W, Zhou G, Lee C. Artificial Intelligence-Enhanced Waveguide "Photonic Nose"- Augmented Sensing Platform for VOC Gases in Mid-Infrared. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2400035. [PMID: 38576121 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
On-chip nanophotonic waveguide sensor is a promising solution for miniaturization and label-free detection of gas mixtures utilizing the absorption fingerprints in the mid-infrared (MIR) region. However, the quantitative detection and analysis of organic gas mixtures is still challenging and less reported due to the overlapping of the absorption spectrum. Here,an Artificial-Intelligence (AI) assisted waveguide "Photonic nose" is presented as an augmented sensing platform for gas mixture analysis in MIR. With the subwavelength grating cladding supported waveguide design and the help of machine learning algorithms, the MIR absorption spectrum of the binary organic gas mixture is distinguished from arbitrary mixing ratio and decomposed to the single-component spectra for concentration prediction. As a result, the classification of 93.57% for 19 mixing ratios is realized. In addition, the gas mixture spectrum decomposition and concentration prediction show an average root-mean-square error of 2.44 vol%. The work proves the potential for broader sensing and analytical capabilities of the MIR waveguide platform for multiple organic gas components toward MIR on-chip spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmiao Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117608, Singapore
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Zixuan Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117608, Singapore
| | - Jingkai Zhou
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117608, Singapore
| | - Weixin Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117608, Singapore
| | - Guangya Zhou
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117608, Singapore
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Chengkuo Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117608, Singapore
- NUS Suzhou Research Institute (NUSRI), Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
- NUS Graduate School's Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme (ISEP), National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
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24
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Udomsom S, Kanthasap K, Paengnakorn P, Jantrawut P, Kumphune S, Auephanwiriyakul S, Mankong U, Theera-Umpon N, Baipaywad P. Itaconic Acid Cross-Linked Biomolecule Immobilization Approach on Amine-Functionalized Silica Nanoparticles for Highly Sensitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:13636-13643. [PMID: 38559953 PMCID: PMC10975634 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Biomolecule immobilization on nanomaterials is attractive for biosensors since it enables the capture of a higher concentration of bioreceptor units while also serving as a transduction element. The technique could enhance the accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity of the analytical measurements of biomolecules. However, it was found that the limitation in chemically binding biomolecules on nanoparticle surfaces could only cross-link between the C-terminal and N-terminal. Here, we report the facile one-step synthesis of amine-functionalized silica nanoparticles (AFSNPs). (3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane was used as a precursor to modify the functional surface of nanoparticles via the Stöber process. The biomolecules were immobilized to the AFSNPs through itaconic acid, a novel cross-linker that binds between the N-terminal and N-terminal and potentially improves proteins and nucleic acid immobilization onto the nanoparticle surface. The newly developed immobilization approach on AFSNPs for biomolecular detection enhanced the efficiency of ELISA, resulting in increased sensitivity. It might also be easily used to identify different pathogens for clinical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suruk Udomsom
- Biomedical
Engineering Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Biomedical
Engineering and Innovation Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang
Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Kritsana Kanthasap
- Biomedical
Engineering Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Biomedical
Engineering and Innovation Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang
Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Pathinan Paengnakorn
- Biomedical
Engineering Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Biomedical
Engineering and Innovation Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang
Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Pensak Jantrawut
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang
Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Sarawut Kumphune
- Biomedical
Engineering Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Biomedical
Engineering and Innovation Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang
Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Sansanee Auephanwiriyakul
- Biomedical
Engineering Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Biomedical
Engineering and Innovation Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang
Mai 50200, Thailand
- Department
of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang
Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Ukrit Mankong
- Biomedical
Engineering and Innovation Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang
Mai 50200, Thailand
- Department
of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang
Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Nipon Theera-Umpon
- Biomedical
Engineering Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Biomedical
Engineering and Innovation Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang
Mai 50200, Thailand
- Department
of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang
Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Phornsawat Baipaywad
- Biomedical
Engineering Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Biomedical
Engineering and Innovation Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang
Mai 50200, Thailand
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25
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Morales-Inostroza L, Folz J, Kühnemuth R, Felekyan S, Wieser FF, Seidel CAM, Götzinger S, Sandoghdar V. An optofluidic antenna for enhancing the sensitivity of single-emitter measurements. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2545. [PMID: 38514627 PMCID: PMC10957926 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46730-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Many single-molecule investigations are performed in fluidic environments, for example, to avoid unwanted consequences of contact with surfaces. Diffusion of molecules in this arrangement limits the observation time and the number of collected photons, thus, compromising studies of processes with fast or slow dynamics. Here, we introduce a planar optofluidic antenna (OFA), which enhances the fluorescence signal from molecules by about 5 times per passage, leads to about 7-fold more frequent returns to the observation volume, and significantly lengthens the diffusion time within one passage. We use single-molecule multi-parameter fluorescence detection (sm-MFD), fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) and Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) measurements to characterize our OFAs. The antenna advantages are showcased by examining both the slow (ms) and fast (50 μs) dynamics of DNA four-way (Holliday) junctions with real-time resolution. The FRET trajectories provide evidence for the absence of an intermediate conformational state and introduce an upper bound for its lifetime. The ease of implementation and compatibility with various microscopy modalities make OFAs broadly applicable to a diverse range of studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Morales-Inostroza
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
- Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julian Folz
- Chair for Molecular Physical Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ralf Kühnemuth
- Chair for Molecular Physical Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Suren Felekyan
- Chair for Molecular Physical Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Franz-Ferdinand Wieser
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
- Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Claus A M Seidel
- Chair for Molecular Physical Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Stephan Götzinger
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
- Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Vahid Sandoghdar
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.
- Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.
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26
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Barth I, Conteduca D, Dong P, Wragg J, Sahoo PK, Arruda GS, Martins ER, Krauss TF. Phase noise matching in resonant metasurfaces for intrinsic sensing stability. OPTICA 2024; 11:354-361. [PMID: 38638165 PMCID: PMC11023067 DOI: 10.1364/optica.510524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Interferometry offers a precise means of interrogating resonances in dielectric and plasmonic metasurfaces, surpassing spectrometer-imposed resolution limits. However, interferometry implementations often face complexity or instability issues due to heightened sensitivity. Here, we address the necessity for noise compensation and tolerance by harnessing the inherent capabilities of photonic resonances. Our proposed solution, termed "resonant phase noise matching," employs optical referencing to align the phases of equally sensitive, orthogonal components of the same mode. This effectively mitigates drift and noise, facilitating the detection of subtle phase changes induced by a target analyte through spatially selective surface functionalization. Validation of this strategy using Fano resonances in a 2D photonic crystal slab showcases noteworthy phase stability (σ < 10 - 4 π ). With demonstrated label-free detection of low-molecular-weight proteins at clinically relevant concentrations, resonant phase noise matching presents itself as a potentially valuable strategy for advancing scalable, high-performance sensing technology beyond traditional laboratory settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Barth
- School of Physics Engineering and Technology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Donato Conteduca
- School of Physics Engineering and Technology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Pin Dong
- School of Physics Engineering and Technology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Jasmine Wragg
- School of Physics Engineering and Technology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Pankaj K. Sahoo
- School of Physics Engineering and Technology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Guilherme S. Arruda
- Sao Carlos School of Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Carlos-SP 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Emiliano R. Martins
- Sao Carlos School of Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Carlos-SP 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Thomas F. Krauss
- School of Physics Engineering and Technology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
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27
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Bahamondes Lorca VA, Ávalos-Ovando O, Sikeler C, Ijäs H, Santiago EY, Skelton E, Wang Y, Yang R, Cimatu KLA, Baturina O, Wang Z, Liu J, Slocik JM, Wu S, Ma D, Pastukhov AI, Kabashin AV, Kordesch ME, Govorov AO. Lateral Flow Assays Biotesting by Utilizing Plasmonic Nanoparticles Made of Inexpensive Metals - Replacing Colloidal Gold. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.08.574723. [PMID: 38260353 PMCID: PMC10802436 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.08.574723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) can be conjugated with diverse biomolecules and employed in biosensing to detect target analytes in biological samples. This proven concept was primarily used during the COVID-19 pandemic with gold NPs-based lateral flow assays (LFAs). Considering the gold price and its worldwide depletion, here we show that novel plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs) based on inexpensive metals, titanium nitride (TiN) and copper covered with a gold shell (Cu@Au), perform comparable or even better than gold nanoparticles. After conjugation, these novel nanoparticles provided high figures of merit for LFA testing, such as high signals and specificity and robust naked-eye signal recognition. To the best of our knowledge, our study represents the 1st application of laser-ablation-fabricated nanoparticles (TiN) in the LFA and dot-blot biotesting. Since the main cost of the Au NPs in commercial testing kits is in the colloidal synthesis, our development with TiN is very exciting, offering potentially very inexpensive plasmonic nanomaterials for various bio-testing applications. Moreover, our machine learning study showed that the bio-detection with TiN is more accurate than that with Au.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica A. Bahamondes Lorca
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
- Departamento de Tecnología médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Oscar Ávalos-Ovando
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
- Nanoscale and Quantum Phenomena Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Christoph Sikeler
- Faculty of Physics and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig Maximilians University, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Heini Ijäs
- Faculty of Physics and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig Maximilians University, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Eva Yazmin Santiago
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
- Nanoscale and Quantum Phenomena Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Eli Skelton
- Nanoscale and Quantum Phenomena Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Yong Wang
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique,Varennes, Québec J3X 1P7, Canada
| | - Ruiqi Yang
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique,Varennes, Québec J3X 1P7, Canada
| | - Katherine Leslee A. Cimatu
- Nanoscale and Quantum Phenomena Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Olga Baturina
- Chemistry Division, United States Naval Research Laboratory, Washington DC 20375, United States
| | - Zhewei Wang
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Jundong Liu
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Joseph M. Slocik
- Soft Matter Materials Branch, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433-7750, United States
| | - Shiyong Wu
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Dongling Ma
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique,Varennes, Québec J3X 1P7, Canada
| | - Andrei I. Pastukhov
- Laboratory LP3, Campus de Luminy, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Andrei V. Kabashin
- Laboratory LP3, Campus de Luminy, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Martin E. Kordesch
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
- Nanoscale and Quantum Phenomena Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Alexander O. Govorov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
- Nanoscale and Quantum Phenomena Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
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28
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Barth I, Lee H. Phase-driven progress in nanophotonic biosensing. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2024; 13:76. [PMID: 38494520 PMCID: PMC10944832 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01415-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
In the continuous pursuit of enhancing the sensitivity of nanophotonic biosensors by leveraging phase phenomena, a recent development involved the engineering of an atomically thin Ge2Sb2Te5 layer on a silver nanofilm to generate large Goos-Hänchen-shifts associated with phase singularities. The resulting detection limit reached ~7 × 10-7 RIU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Barth
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
| | - Hakho Lee
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
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29
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Li Z, Shi H, Li B, Yang S, Zhao J, He Y, Wang Y, Wu Y, Xue C, Tai R. Fabrication of large-area photonic crystal-modified X-ray scintillator imager for optical coding imaging. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:8877-8886. [PMID: 38571134 DOI: 10.1364/oe.516703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The limited pattern area of periodic nanostructures limits the development of practical devices. This study introduces an X-ray interference lithography (XIL) stitching technique to fabricate a large-area (1.5 cm × 1.5 cm) two-dimensional photonic crystal (PhC) on the YAG: Ce scintillator, which functions as an encoder in a high numerical aperture optical encoding imaging system to effectively capture high-frequency information. An X-ray imaging experiment revealed a substantial 7.64 dB improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) across a large field of view (2.6 mm × 2.6 mm) and achieved comparable or superior image quality with half the exposure dose. These findings have significant implications for advancing practical applications of X-ray imaging.
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30
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Shimada T. Nanomaterial-based sensors in analytical chemistry. ANAL SCI 2024; 40:357-358. [PMID: 38403796 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-023-00498-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Taisuke Shimada
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan.
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31
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Wang J, Ilyas N, Ren Y, Ji Y, Li S, Li C, Liu F, Gu D, Ang KW. Technology and Integration Roadmap for Optoelectronic Memristor. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2307393. [PMID: 37739413 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Optoelectronic memristors (OMs) have emerged as a promising optoelectronic Neuromorphic computing paradigm, opening up new opportunities for neurosynaptic devices and optoelectronic systems. These OMs possess a range of desirable features including minimal crosstalk, high bandwidth, low power consumption, zero latency, and the ability to replicate crucial neurological functions such as vision and optical memory. By incorporating large-scale parallel synaptic structures, OMs are anticipated to greatly enhance high-performance and low-power in-memory computing, effectively overcoming the limitations of the von Neumann bottleneck. However, progress in this field necessitates a comprehensive understanding of suitable structures and techniques for integrating low-dimensional materials into optoelectronic integrated circuit platforms. This review aims to offer a comprehensive overview of the fundamental performance, mechanisms, design of structures, applications, and integration roadmap of optoelectronic synaptic memristors. By establishing connections between materials, multilayer optoelectronic memristor units, and monolithic optoelectronic integrated circuits, this review seeks to provide insights into emerging technologies and future prospects that are expected to drive innovation and widespread adoption in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyong Wang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, P. R. China
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - Nasir Ilyas
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, P. R. China
| | - Yujing Ren
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Yun Ji
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - Sifan Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - Changcun Li
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, P. R. China
| | - Fucai Liu
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, P. R. China
| | - Deen Gu
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, P. R. China
| | - Kah-Wee Ang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
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32
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Abdul Wahab MR, Palaniyandi T, Viswanathan S, Baskar G, Surendran H, Gangadharan SGD, Sugumaran A, Sivaji A, Kaliamoorthy S, Kumarasamy S. Biomarker-specific biosensors revolutionise breast cancer diagnosis. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 555:117792. [PMID: 38266968 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.117792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women across the globe. In order to treat breast cancer successfully, it is crucial to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the condition during its initial stages. Although mammogram screening has long been a common method of breast cancer screening, high rates of type I error and type II error results as well as radiation exposure have always been of concern. The outgrowth cancer mortality rate is primarily due to delayed diagnosis, which occurs most frequently in a metastatic III or IV stage, resulting in a poor prognosis after therapy. Traditional detection techniques require identifying carcinogenic properties of cells, such as DNA or RNA alterations, conformational changes and overexpression of certain proteins, and cell shape, which are referred to as biomarkers or analytes. These procedures are complex, long-drawn-out, and expensive. Biosensors have recently acquired appeal as low-cost, simple, and super sensitive detection methods for analysis. The biosensor approach requires the existence of biomarkers in the sample. Thus, the development of novel molecular markers for diverse forms of cancer is a rising complementary affair. These biosensor devices offer two major advantages: (1) a tiny amount of blood collected from the patient is sufficient for analysis, and (2) it could help clinicians swiftly select and decide on the best therapy routine for the individual. This review will include updates on prospective cancer markers and biosensors in cancer diagnosis, as well as the associated detection limitations, with a focus on biosensor development for marker detection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thirunavukkarasu Palaniyandi
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, India; Department of Anatomy, Biomedical Research Unit and Laboratory Animal Centre, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, SIMATS, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
| | - Sandhiya Viswanathan
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, India
| | - Gomathy Baskar
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, India
| | - Hemapreethi Surendran
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, India
| | - S G D Gangadharan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Madras Medical College, R. G. G. G. H., Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abimanyu Sugumaran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Assam University, (A Central University), Silchar, Assam, India
| | - Asha Sivaji
- Department of Biochemistry, DKM College for Women, Vellore, India
| | - Senthilkumar Kaliamoorthy
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saravanan Kumarasamy
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Luo M, Zhou Y, Zhao X, Guo Z, Li Y, Wang Q, Liu J, Luo W, Shi Y, Liu AQ, Wu X. High-Sensitivity Optical Sensors Empowered by Quasi-Bound States in the Continuum in a Hybrid Metal-Dielectric Metasurface. ACS NANO 2024; 18:6477-6486. [PMID: 38350867 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c11994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Enhancing light-matter interaction is a key requisite in the realm of optical sensors. Bound states in the continuum (BICs), possessing high quality factors (Q factors), have shown great advantages in sensing applications. Recent theories elucidate the ability of BICs with hybrid metal-dielectric architectures to achieve high Q factors and high sensitivities. However, the experimental validation of the sensing performance in such hybrid systems remains equivocal. In this study, we propose two symmetry-protected quasi-BIC modes in a metal-dielectric metasurface. Our results demonstrate that, under the normal incidence of light, the quasi-BIC mode dominated by dielectric can achieve a high Q factor of 412 and a sensing performance with a high bulk sensitivity of 492.7 nm/RIU (refractive index unit) and a figure of merit (FOM) of 266.3 RIU-1, while the quasi-BIC mode dominated by metal exhibits a stronger surface affinity in the biotin-streptavidin bioassay. These findings offer a promising approach for implementing metasurface-based sensors, representing a paradigm for high-sensitivity biosensing platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Luo
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures, Department of Optical Science and Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures, Department of Optical Science and Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Xuyang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures, Department of Optical Science and Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Zhihe Guo
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures, Department of Optical Science and Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yuxiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures, Department of Optical Science and Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures, Department of Optical Science and Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Junjie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures, Department of Optical Science and Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Wei Luo
- Institute of Quantum Technologies (IQT), Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yuzhi Shi
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Ai Qun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures, Department of Optical Science and Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
- Institute of Quantum Technologies (IQT), Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures, Department of Optical Science and Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
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Zhou X, Chieng A, Wang S. Label-Free Optical Imaging of Nanoscale Single Entities. ACS Sens 2024; 9:543-554. [PMID: 38346398 PMCID: PMC10990724 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c02526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The advancement of optical microscopy technologies has achieved imaging of nanoscale objects, including nanomaterials, virions, organelles, and biological molecules, at the single entity level. Recently developed plasmonic and scattering based optical microscopy technologies have enabled label-free imaging of single entities with high spatial and temporal resolutions. These label-free methods eliminate the complexity of sample labeling and minimize the perturbation of the analyte native state. Additionally, these imaging-based methods can noninvasively probe the dynamics and functions of single entities with sufficient throughput for heterogeneity analysis. This perspective will review label-free single entity imaging technologies and discuss their principles, applications, and key challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhou
- Biodesign Center for Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Andy Chieng
- Biodesign Center for Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Shaopeng Wang
- Biodesign Center for Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
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35
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Ateia M, Wei H, Andreescu S. Sensors for Emerging Water Contaminants: Overcoming Roadblocks to Innovation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:2636-2651. [PMID: 38302436 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c09889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Ensuring water quality and safety requires the effective detection of emerging contaminants, which present significant risks to both human health and the environment. Field deployable low-cost sensors provide solutions to detect contaminants at their source and enable large-scale water quality monitoring and management. Unfortunately, the availability and utilization of such sensors remain limited. This Perspective examines current sensing technologies for detecting emerging contaminants and analyzes critical barriers, such as high costs, lack of reliability, difficulties in implementation in real-world settings, and lack of stakeholder involvement in sensor design. These technical and nontechnical barriers severely hinder progression from proof-of-concepts and negatively impact user experience factors such as ease-of-use and actionability using sensing data, ultimately affecting successful translation and widespread adoption of these technologies. We provide examples of specific sensing systems and explore key strategies to address the remaining scientific challenges that must be overcome to translate these technologies into the field such as improving sensitivity, selectivity, robustness, and performance in real-world water environments. Other critical aspects such as tailoring research to meet end-users' requirements, integrating cost considerations and consumer needs into the early prototype design, establishing standardized evaluation and validation protocols, fostering academia-industry collaborations, maximizing data value by establishing data sharing initiatives, and promoting workforce development are also discussed. The Perspective describes a set of guidelines for the development, translation, and implementation of water quality sensors to swiftly and accurately detect, analyze, track, and manage contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ateia
- Center for Environmental Solutions & Emergency Response, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005-1827, United States
| | - Haoran Wei
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 660 N. Park Street, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Silvana Andreescu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13676-5810, United States
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36
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Luo X, Salihoglu H, Wang Z, Li Z, Kim H, Liu X, Li J, Yu B, Du S, Shen S. Observation of Near-Field Thermal Radiation between Coplanar Nanodevices with Subwavelength Dimensions. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:1502-1509. [PMID: 38277641 PMCID: PMC10853966 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
With the continuous advancement of nanotechnology, nanodevices have become crucial components in computing, sensing, and energy conversion applications. The structures of nanodevices typically possess subwavelength dimensions and separations, which pose significant challenges for understanding energy transport phenomena in nanodevices. Here, on the basis of a judiciously designed thermal photonic nanodevice, we report the first measurement of near-field energy transport between two coplanar subwavelength structures over temperature bias up to ∼190 K. Our experimental results demonstrate a 20-fold enhancement in energy transfer beyond blackbody radiation. In contrast with the well-established near-field interactions between two semi-infinite bodies, the subwavelength confinements in nanodevices lead to increased polariton scattering and reduction of supporting photonic modes and, therefore, a lower energy flow at a given separation. Our work unveils exciting opportunities for the rational design of nanodevices, particularly for coplanar near-field energy transport, with important implications for the development of efficient nanodevices for energy harvesting and thermal management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Luo
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Hakan Salihoglu
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Zexiao Wang
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Zhuo Li
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Hyeonggyun Kim
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Xiu Liu
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Jiayu Li
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Bowen Yu
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Shen Du
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Sheng Shen
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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37
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Nguyen SH, Nguyen VN, Tran MT. Bacillus subtilis DNA fluorescent sensors based on hybrid MoS2 nanosheets. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297581. [PMID: 38300971 PMCID: PMC10833578 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Although sensor technology has advanced with better materials, biomarkers, and fabrication and detection methods, creating a rapid, accurate, and affordable bacterial detection platform is still a major challenge. In this study, we present a combination of hybrid-MoS2 nanosheets and an amine-customized probe to develop a fast, sensitive biosensor for Bacillus subtilis DNA detection. Based on fluorescence measurements, the biosensor exhibits a detection range of 23.6-130 aM, achieves a detection limit of 18.7 aM, and was stable over four weeks. In addition, the high selectivity over Escherichia coli and Vibrio proteolyticus DNAs of the proposed Bacillus subtilis sensors is demonstrated by the fluorescence quenching effect at 558 nm. This research not only presents a powerful tool for B. subtilis DNA detection but also significantly contributes to the advancement of hybrid 2D nanomaterial-based biosensors, offering substantial promise for diverse applications in biomedical research and environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Son Hai Nguyen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Van-Nhat Nguyen
- College of Engineering and Computer Science, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Mai Thi Tran
- College of Engineering and Computer Science, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Vietnam
- VinUni-Illinois Smart Health Center, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Vietnam
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38
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Wang Y, Fang L, Wang Y, Xiong Z. Current Trends of Raman Spectroscopy in Clinic Settings: Opportunities and Challenges. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2300668. [PMID: 38072672 PMCID: PMC10870035 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Early clinical diagnosis, effective intraoperative guidance, and an accurate prognosis can lead to timely and effective medical treatment. The current conventional clinical methods have several limitations. Therefore, there is a need to develop faster and more reliable clinical detection, treatment, and monitoring methods to enhance their clinical applications. Raman spectroscopy is noninvasive and provides highly specific information about the molecular structure and biochemical composition of analytes in a rapid and accurate manner. It has a wide range of applications in biomedicine, materials, and clinical settings. This review primarily focuses on the application of Raman spectroscopy in clinical medicine. The advantages and limitations of Raman spectroscopy over traditional clinical methods are discussed. In addition, the advantages of combining Raman spectroscopy with machine learning, nanoparticles, and probes are demonstrated, thereby extending its applicability to different clinical phases. Examples of the clinical applications of Raman spectroscopy over the last 3 years are also integrated. Finally, various prospective approaches based on Raman spectroscopy in clinical studies are surveyed, and current challenges are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Wang
- Department of NephrologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Liuru Fang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Systems Science in Metallurgical ProcessWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430081China
| | - Yuhua Wang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Systems Science in Metallurgical ProcessWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430081China
| | - Zuzhao Xiong
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Systems Science in Metallurgical ProcessWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430081China
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39
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Mobed A, Darvishi M, Tahavvori A, Alipourfard I, Kohansal F, Ghazi F, Alivirdiloo V. Nanobiosensors for procalcitonin (PCT) analysis. J Clin Lab Anal 2024; 38:e25006. [PMID: 38268233 PMCID: PMC10873684 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.25006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Procalcitonin (PCT) is a critical biomarker that is released in response to bacterial infections and can be used to differentiate the pathogenesis of the infectious process. OBJECTIVE In this article, we provide an overview of recent advances in PCT biosensors, highlighting different approaches for biosensor construction, different immobilization methods, advantages and roles of different matrices used, analytical performance, and PCT biosensor construction. Also, we will explain PCT biosensors sensible limits of detection (LOD), linearity, and other analytical characteristics. Future prospects for the development of better PCT biosensor systems are also discussed. METHODS Traditional methods such as capillary electrophoresis, high-performance liquid chromatography, and mass spectrometry are effective in analyzing PCT in the medical field, but they are complicated, time-consuming sample preparation, and require expensive equipment and skilled personnel. RESULTS In the past decades, PCT biosensors have emerged as simple, fast, and sensitive tools for PCT analysis in various fields, especially medical fields. CONCLUSION These biosensors have the potential to accompany or replace traditional analytical methods by simplifying or reducing sample preparation and making field testing easier and faster, while significantly reducing the cost per analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Mobed
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Clinical Research InstituteTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Mohammad Darvishi
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center (IDTMRC), Department of Aerospace and Subaquatic MedicineAJA University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Amir Tahavvori
- Internal Department, Medical FacultyUrmia University of Medical SciencesUrmiaIran
| | - Iraj Alipourfard
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural SciencesTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Fereshteh Kohansal
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Clinical Research InstituteTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Stem Cell Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Farhood Ghazi
- Ramsar CampusMazandaran University of Medical SciencesRamsarIran
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40
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Zhan C, Guan Z, Yu L, Jing T, Jia H, Chen X, Gao R. Microfluidics-aided fabrication of 3D micro-nano hierarchical SERS substrate for rapid detection of dual hepatocellular carcinoma biomarkers. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:528-536. [PMID: 38168831 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00907f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The simultaneous analysis of trace amounts of dual biomarkers is crucial in the early diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we prepared SERS-active hydrogel microparticles (SAHMs) with 3D hierarchical gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) micro-nanostructures by microdroplet technology and in situ synthesis, which demonstrated high reproducibility and sensitivity. Compared with traditional 2D SERS substrates, this newly prepared 3D SERS substrate provided a high density of nano-wrinkled structures and numerous AuNPs. Furthermore, a newly designed SERS-active substrate was proposed for the simultaneous microfluidic detection of AFP and AFU. The Raman signals of sandwich immunocomplexes on the surface of the SAHMs were measured for the trace analysis of these biomarkers. The proposed microfluidic platform achieved AFP and AFU detection in the range of 0.1-100 ng mL-1 and 0.01-100 ng mL-1, respectively, which represents a good response. Indeed, this platform is easy to fabricate, of low cost and has short detection time and comparable detection limits to other methods. As far as we know, this is the first study to achieve the simultaneous detection of AFP and AFU on a microfluidic platform. Therefore, we proposed a new simultaneous detection platform for dual HCC biomarkers that shows strong potential for the early diagnosis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changbiao Zhan
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China.
| | - Zihao Guan
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China.
| | - Liandong Yu
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China.
| | - Tongmei Jing
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China.
| | - Huakun Jia
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China.
| | - Xiaozhe Chen
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China.
| | - Rongke Gao
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China.
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41
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Kumar V, Mirsky SK, Shaked NT, Gazit E. High Quantum Yield Amino Acid Carbon Quantum Dots with Unparalleled Refractive Index. ACS NANO 2024; 18:2421-2433. [PMID: 38190624 PMCID: PMC10811667 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are one of the most promising types of fluorescent nanomaterials due to their exceptional water solubility, excellent optical properties, biocompatibility, chemical inertness, excellent refractive index, and photostability. Nitrogen-containing CQDs, which include amino acid based CQDs, are especially attractive due to their high quantum yield, thermal stability, and potential biomedical applications. Recent studies have attempted to improve the preparation of amino acid based CQDs. However, the highest quantum yield obtained for these dots was only 44%. Furthermore, the refractive indices of amino acid derived CQDs were not determined. Here, we systematically explored the performance of CQDs prepared from all 20 coded amino acids using modified hydrothermal techniques allowing more passivation layers on the surface of the dots to optimize their performance. Intriguingly, we obtained the highest refractive indices ever reported for any CQDs. The values differed among the amino acids, with the highest refractive indices found for positively charged amino acids including arginine-CQDs (∼2.1), histidine-CQDs (∼2.0), and lysine-CQDs (∼1.8). Furthermore, the arginine-CQDs reported here showed a nearly 2-fold increase in the quantum yield (∼86%) and a longer decay time (∼8.0 ns) compared to previous reports. In addition, we also demonstrated that all amino acid based CQD materials displayed excitation-dependent emission profiles (from UV to visible) and were photostable, water-soluble, noncytotoxic, and excellent for high contrast live cell imaging or bioimaging. These results indicate that amino acid based CQD materials are high-refractive-index materials applicable for optoelectronic devices, bioimaging, biosensing, and studying cellular organelles in vivo. This extraordinary RI may be highly useful for exploring cellular elements with different densities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay
Bhooshan Kumar
- The
Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise
Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 6997801 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Simcha K. Mirsky
- Department of Materials
Science and Engineering and Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Natan T. Shaked
- Department of Materials
Science and Engineering and Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Ehud Gazit
- The
Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise
Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 6997801 Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Materials
Science and Engineering and Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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42
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Pimbi D, Mia MB, Jaidye N, Ahmed I, Hasan M, Ahmed SZ, Kim S. Integrated polarization-free Bragg filters with subwavelength gratings for photonic sensing. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:2147-2161. [PMID: 38297751 DOI: 10.1364/oe.504043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
We present polarization-free Bragg filters having subwavelength gratings (SWGs) in the lateral cladding region. This Bragg design expands modal fields toward upper cladding, resulting in enhanced light interaction with sensing analytes. Two device configurations are proposed and examined, one with index-matched coupling between transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) modes and the other one with hybrid-mode (HM) coupling. Both configurations introduce a strong coupling between two orthogonal modes (either TE-TM or HM1-HM2) and rotate the polarization of the input wave through Bragg reflection. The arrangements of SWGs help to achieve two configurations with different orthogonal modes, while expanding modal profiles toward the upper cladding region. Our proposed SWG-assisted Bragg gratings with polarization independency eliminate the need for a polarization controller and effectively tailor the modal properties, enhancing the potential of integrated photonic sensing applications.
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43
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Farka Z, Brandmeier JC, Mickert MJ, Pastucha M, Lacina K, Skládal P, Soukka T, Gorris HH. Nanoparticle-Based Bioaffinity Assays: From the Research Laboratory to the Market. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2307653. [PMID: 38039956 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Advances in the development of new biorecognition elements, nanoparticle-based labels as well as instrumentation have inspired the design of new bioaffinity assays. This review critically discusses the potential of nanoparticles to replace current enzymatic or molecular labels in immunoassays and other bioaffinity assays. Successful implementations of nanoparticles in commercial assays and the need for rapid tests incorporating nanoparticles in different roles such as capture support, signal generation elements, and signal amplification systems are highlighted. The limited number of nanoparticles applied in current commercial assays can be explained by challenges associated with the analysis of real samples (e.g., blood, urine, or nasal swabs) that are difficult to resolve, particularly if the same performance can be achieved more easily by conventional labels. Lateral flow assays that are based on the visual detection of the red-colored line formed by colloidal gold are a notable exception, exemplified by SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen tests that have moved from initial laboratory testing to widespread market adaption in less than two years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdeněk Farka
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Julian C Brandmeier
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Matěj Pastucha
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
- TestLine Clinical Diagnostics, Křižíkova 188, Brno, 612 00, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Lacina
- CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Skládal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Tero Soukka
- Department of Life Technologies/Biotechnology, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, Turku, 20520, Finland
| | - Hans H Gorris
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
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D'Agata R, Bellassai N, Spoto G. Exploiting the design of surface plasmon resonance interfaces for better diagnostics: A perspective review. Talanta 2024; 266:125033. [PMID: 37562226 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Surface Plasmon Resonance based-sensors are promising tools for precision diagnostics as they can provide tests useful for early and, whenever possible, non-invasive disease detection and monitoring. The design of novel, robust and effective interfaces enabling the sensing of a variety of molecular interactions in a highly selective and sensitive manner is a necessary step to obtain both accurate and reliable detection by SPR. This review covers the recent research efforts in this area, specifically emphasizing well-designed interfaces and applications in real-life samples. In particular, after a short introduction which identifies some of the critical challenges, the emerging strategies for the integration of the linker, the metal substrate and the recognition element on the sensing interface will be explored and discussed in three sections, as well as the opportunities for building SPR biosensors, easy to use, and with excellent sensitivities. Finally, a summary of some of the more promising and latest diagnostic applications will be provided, presenting a new window into the near-future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta D'Agata
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria, 6, 95125, Catania, Italy; INBB, Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Viale Delle Medaglie D'Oro, 305, 00136, Roma, Italy.
| | - Noemi Bellassai
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria, 6, 95125, Catania, Italy; INBB, Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Viale Delle Medaglie D'Oro, 305, 00136, Roma, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Spoto
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria, 6, 95125, Catania, Italy; INBB, Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Viale Delle Medaglie D'Oro, 305, 00136, Roma, Italy
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Ferreira MFS, Brambilla G, Thévenaz L, Feng X, Zhang L, Sumetsky M, Jones C, Pedireddy S, Vollmer F, Dragic PD, Henderson-Sapir O, Ottaway DJ, Strupiechonski E, Hernandez-Cardoso GG, Hernandez-Serrano AI, González FJ, Castro Camus E, Méndez A, Saccomandi P, Quan Q, Xie Z, Reinhard BM, Diem M. Roadmap on optical sensors. JOURNAL OF OPTICS (2010) 2024; 26:013001. [PMID: 38116399 PMCID: PMC10726224 DOI: 10.1088/2040-8986/ad0e85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Optical sensors and sensing technologies are playing a more and more important role in our modern world. From micro-probes to large devices used in such diverse areas like medical diagnosis, defence, monitoring of industrial and environmental conditions, optics can be used in a variety of ways to achieve compact, low cost, stand-off sensing with extreme sensitivity and selectivity. Actually, the challenges to the design and functioning of an optical sensor for a particular application requires intimate knowledge of the optical, material, and environmental properties that can affect its performance. This roadmap on optical sensors addresses different technologies and application areas. It is constituted by twelve contributions authored by world-leading experts, providing insight into the current state-of-the-art and the challenges their respective fields face. Two articles address the area of optical fibre sensors, encompassing both conventional and specialty optical fibres. Several other articles are dedicated to laser-based sensors, micro- and nano-engineered sensors, whispering-gallery mode and plasmonic sensors. The use of optical sensors in chemical, biological and biomedical areas is discussed in some other papers. Different approaches required to satisfy applications at visible, infrared and THz spectral regions are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xian Feng
- Jiangsu Normal University, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Zhejiang University, People’s Republic of China
| | - Misha Sumetsky
- Aston Institute of Photonic Technologies, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Callum Jones
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Srikanth Pedireddy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Frank Vollmer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Peter D Dragic
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States of America
| | - Ori Henderson-Sapir
- Department of Physics and Institute of Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, SA, Australia
- OzGrav, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Mirage Photonics, Oaklands Park, SA, Australia
| | - David J Ottaway
- Department of Physics and Institute of Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, SA, Australia
- OzGrav, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Paola Saccomandi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Italy
| | - Qimin Quan
- NanoMosaic Inc., United States of America
| | - Zhongcong Xie
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, United States of America
| | - Björn M Reinhard
- Department of Chemistry and The Photonics Center, Boston University, United States of America
| | - Max Diem
- Northeastern University and CIRECA LLC, United States of America
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Qiu G, Zhang X, deMello AJ, Yao M, Cao J, Wang J. On-site airborne pathogen detection for infection risk mitigation. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:8531-8579. [PMID: 37882143 PMCID: PMC10712221 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00417a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Human-infecting pathogens that transmit through the air pose a significant threat to public health. As a prominent instance, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that caused the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the world in an unprecedented manner over the past few years. Despite the dissipating pandemic gloom, the lessons we have learned in dealing with pathogen-laden aerosols should be thoroughly reviewed because the airborne transmission risk may have been grossly underestimated. From a bioanalytical chemistry perspective, on-site airborne pathogen detection can be an effective non-pharmaceutic intervention (NPI) strategy, with on-site airborne pathogen detection and early-stage infection risk evaluation reducing the spread of disease and enabling life-saving decisions to be made. In light of this, we summarize the recent advances in highly efficient pathogen-laden aerosol sampling approaches, bioanalytical sensing technologies, and the prospects for airborne pathogen exposure measurement and evidence-based transmission interventions. We also discuss open challenges facing general bioaerosols detection, such as handling complex aerosol samples, improving sensitivity for airborne pathogen quantification, and establishing a risk assessment system with high spatiotemporal resolution for mitigating airborne transmission risks. This review provides a multidisciplinary outlook for future opportunities to improve the on-site airborne pathogen detection techniques, thereby enhancing the preparedness for more on-site bioaerosols measurement scenarios, such as monitoring high-risk pathogens on airplanes, weaponized pathogen aerosols, influenza variants at the workplace, and pollutant correlated with sick building syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Qiu
- Institute of Medical Robotics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Xiaole Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Andrew J deMello
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg1, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Maosheng Yao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, China
| | - Junji Cao
- Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
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Gong C, Yang X, Tang SJ, Zhang QQ, Wang Y, Liu YL, Chen YC, Peng GD, Fan X, Xiao YF, Rao YJ, Gong Y. Submonolayer biolasers for ultrasensitive biomarker detection. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2023; 12:292. [PMID: 38052775 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01335-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Biomarker detection is key to identifying health risks. However, designing sensitive and single-use biosensors for early diagnosis remains a major challenge. Here, we report submonolayer lasers on optical fibers as ultrasensitive and disposable biosensors. Telecom optical fibers serve as distributed optical microcavities with high Q-factor, great repeatability, and ultralow cost, which enables whispering-gallery laser emission to detect biomarkers. It is found that the sensing performance strongly depends on the number of gain molecules. The submonolayer lasers obtained a six-order-of-magnitude improvement in the lower limit of detection (LOD) when compared to saturated monolayer lasers. We further achieve an ultrasensitive immunoassay for a Parkinson's disease biomarker, alpha-synuclein (α-syn), with a lower LOD of 0.32 pM in serum, which is three orders of magnitude lower than the α-syn concentration in the serum of Parkinson's disease patients. Our demonstration of submonolayer biolaser offers great potentials in high-throughput clinical diagnosis with ultimate sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyang Gong
- Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Ministry of Education of China), School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems (Ministry of Education of China), School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Ministry of Education of China), School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Centre for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Shui-Jing Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Centre for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Qian-Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Ministry of Education of China), School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China
| | - Yanqiong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Ministry of Education of China), School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China
| | - Yi-Ling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Ministry of Education of China), School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China
| | - Yu-Cheng Chen
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Gang-Ding Peng
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Xudong Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Yun-Feng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Centre for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Yun-Jiang Rao
- Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Ministry of Education of China), School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China.
- Research Centre for Optical Fiber Sensing, Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China.
| | - Yuan Gong
- Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Ministry of Education of China), School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China.
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Yan S, Sun J, Chen B, Wang L, Bian S, Sawan M, Tang H, Wen L, Meng G. Manipulating Coupled Field Enhancement in Slot-under-Groove Nanoarrays for Universal Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering. ACS NANO 2023; 17:22766-22777. [PMID: 37782470 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c07458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is an ultrasensitive spectroscopic technique that can identify materials and chemicals based on their inelastic light-scattering properties. In general, SERS relies on sub-10 nm nanogaps to amplify the Raman signals and achieve ultralow-concentration identification of analytes. However, large-sized analytes, such as proteins and viruses, usually cannot enter these tiny nanogaps, limiting the practical applications of SERS. Herein, we demonstrate a universal SERS platform for the reliable and sensitive identification of a wide range of analytes. The key to this success is the prepared "slot-under-groove" nanoarchitecture arrays, which could realize a strongly coupled field enhancement with a large spatial mode distribution via the hybridization of gap-surface plasmons in the upper V-groove and localized surface plasmon resonance in the lower slot. Therefore, our slot-under-groove platform can simultaneously deliver high sensitivity for small-sized analytes and the identification of large-sized analytes with a large Raman gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Yan
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics and Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1129, Hefei 230031, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jiacheng Sun
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics and Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1129, Hefei 230031, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Lang Wang
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Sumin Bian
- CenBRAIN Lab, School of Engineering, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Mohamad Sawan
- CenBRAIN Lab, School of Engineering, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Haibin Tang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics and Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1129, Hefei 230031, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Liaoyong Wen
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Guowen Meng
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics and Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1129, Hefei 230031, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei 230026, China
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Yu SJ, Yao H, Hu G, Jiang Y, Zheng X, Fan S, Heinz TF, Fan JA. Hyperbolic Polaritonic Rulers Based on van der Waals α-MoO 3 Waveguides and Resonators. ACS NANO 2023; 17:23057-23064. [PMID: 37948673 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Low-dimensional, strongly anisotropic nanomaterials can support hyperbolic phonon polaritons, which feature strong light-matter interactions that can enhance their capabilities in sensing and metrology tasks. In this work, we report hyperbolic polaritonic rulers, based on microscale α-phase molybdenum trioxide (α-MoO3) waveguides and resonators suspended over an ultraflat gold substrate, which exhibit near-field polaritonic characteristics that are exceptionally sensitive to device geometry. Using scanning near-field optical microscopy, we show that these systems support strongly confined image polariton modes that exhibit ideal antisymmetric gap polariton dispersion, which is highly sensitive to air gap dimensions and can be described and predicted using a simple analytic model. Dielectric constants used for modeling are accurately extracted using near-field optical measurements of α-MoO3 waveguides in contact with the gold substrate. We also find that for nanoscale resonators supporting in-plane Fabry-Perot modes, the mode order strongly depends on the air gap dimension in a manner that enables a simple readout of the gap dimension with nanometer precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Jie Yu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Helen Yao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Guangwei Hu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Yue Jiang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Xiaolin Zheng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Shanhui Fan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Tony F Heinz
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Jonathan A Fan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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50
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Lo Faro MJ, Ielo I, Morganti D, Leonardi AA, Conoci S, Fazio B, De Luca G, Irrera A. Alkoxysilane-Mediated Decoration of Si Nanowires Vertical Arrays with Au Nanoparticles as Improved SERS-Active Platforms. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16685. [PMID: 38069007 PMCID: PMC10706837 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The search for improved transducers to fabricate better-performing (bio)sensors is a challenging but rewarding endeavor aiming to better diagnose and treat diseases. In this paper, we report on the decoration of a dense vertical array of ultrathin silicon nanowires (Si NWs), produced by metal-assisted chemical etching, with 20 nm gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) applications. To optimize the production of a uniform 3D SERS active platform, we tested different Si NW surface functionalizations with various alkoxysilanes before Au decoration. Scanning electron microscopy investigations confirm that Au NPs decorate both bare and (3-glycidiloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (GPTMS)-modified Si NWs with a high surface coverage uniformity. The SERS response of the decorated NWs was probed using a model dye system (methylene blue; MB) at 633 and 785 nm excitation wavelengths. The GPTMS-modified NWs present the highest enhancements of 2.9 and 2.6 for the 450 cm-1 and 1625 cm-1 peaks under 785 nm excitation and of 10.8 and 5.3 for the 450 cm-1 and 1625 cm-1 peaks under 633 nm excitation. These results demonstrate the perspective role of Si NWs decorated with Au NPs as a low-cost 3D SERS platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Josè Lo Faro
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia “Ettore Majorana”, Università degli Studi di Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
- Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi, CNR-IMM Catania Università, 95121 Catania, Italy
| | - Ileana Ielo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche, ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (I.I.); (D.M.); (S.C.)
| | - Dario Morganti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche, ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (I.I.); (D.M.); (S.C.)
| | | | - Sabrina Conoci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche, ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (I.I.); (D.M.); (S.C.)
- URT LAB SENS CNR and Beyond Nano, CNR, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.A.L.); (B.F.)
- Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi, CNR-IMM Zona Industriale, 95121 Catania, Italy
| | - Barbara Fazio
- URT LAB SENS CNR and Beyond Nano, CNR, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.A.L.); (B.F.)
| | - Giovanna De Luca
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche, ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (I.I.); (D.M.); (S.C.)
- URT LAB SENS CNR and Beyond Nano, CNR, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.A.L.); (B.F.)
| | - Alessia Irrera
- URT LAB SENS CNR and Beyond Nano, CNR, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.A.L.); (B.F.)
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