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Zhao J, Qiu YK, Xie YX, Li XY, Li YB, Wu B, Wang YW, Tian XY, Lv YL, Zhang LH, Li WL, Yang HF. Imbalance of mitochondrial quality control regulated by STING and PINK1 affects cyfluthrin-induced neuroinflammation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 946:174313. [PMID: 38964406 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Nervous system diseases are a global health problem, and with the increase in the elderly population around the world, their incidence will also increase. Harmful substances in the environment are closely related to the occurrence of nervous system diseases. China is a large agricultural country, and thus the insecticide cyfluthrin has been widely used. Cyfluthrin is neurotoxic, but the mechanism of this injury is not clear. Inflammation is an important mechanism for the occurrence of nervous system diseases. Mitochondria are the main regulators of the inflammatory response, and various cellular responses, including autophagy, directly affect the regulation of inflammatory processes. Mitochondrial damage is related to mitochondrial quality control (MQC) and PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1). As an anti-inflammatory factor, stimulator of interferon genes (STING) participates in the regulation of inflammation. However, the relationship between STING and mitochondria in the process of cyfluthrin-induced nerve injury is unclear. This study established in vivo and in vitro models of cyfluthrin exposure to explore the role of MQC and to clarify the mechanism of action of STING and PINK1. Our results showed that cyfluthrin can increase the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, resulting in mitochondrial damage and inflammation. In this process, an imbalance in MQC leads to the aggravation of mitochondrial damage, and high STING expression drives the occurrence of inflammation. We established a differential expression model of STING and PINK1 to further determine the underlying mechanism and found that the interaction between STING and PINK1 regulates MQC to affect the levels of mitochondrial damage and inflammation. When STING and PINK1 expression are downregulated, mitochondrial damage and STING-induced inflammation are significantly alleviated. In summary, a synergistic effect between STING and PINK1 on cyfluthrin-induced neuroinflammation may exist, which leads to an imbalance in MQC by inhibiting mitochondrial biogenesis and division/fusion, and PINK1 can reduce STING-driven inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Zhao
- College of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan 750004, PR China; Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Provincial Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, PR China
| | - Yi-Kai Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Eduction, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Yong-Xing Xie
- College of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yu Li
- College of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Yu-Bin Li
- College of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Bing Wu
- College of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Yu-Wen Wang
- College of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Xue-Yan Tian
- College of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Yan-Ling Lv
- College of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Ling-He Zhang
- College of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Wen-Li Li
- Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Provincial Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, PR China.
| | - Hui-Fang Yang
- College of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan 750004, PR China.
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Currey J, Ellsworth C, Khatun MS, Wang C, Chen Z, Liu S, Midkiff C, Xiao M, Ren M, Liu F, Elgazzaz M, Fox S, Maness NJ, Rappaport J, Lazartigues E, Blair R, Kolls JK, Mauvais-Jarvis F, Qin X. Upregulation of inflammatory genes and pathways links obesity to severe COVID-19. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167322. [PMID: 38942338 PMCID: PMC11330358 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for developing severe COVID-19. However, the mechanism underlying obesity-accelerated COVID-19 remains unclear. Here, we report results from a study in which 2-3-month-old K18-hACE2 (K18) mice were fed a western high-fat diet (WD) or normal chow (NC) over 3 months before intranasal infection with a sublethal dose of SARS-CoV2 WA1 (a strain ancestral to the Wuhan variant). After infection, the WD-fed K18 mice lost significantly more body weight and had more severe lung inflammation than normal chow (NC)-fed mice. Bulk RNA-seq analysis of lungs and adipose tissue revealed a diverse landscape of various immune cells, inflammatory markers, and pathways upregulated in the infected WD-fed K18 mice when compared with the infected NC-fed control mice. The transcript levels of IL-6, an important marker of COVID-19 disease severity, were upregulated in the lung at 6-9 days post-infection in the WD-fed mice when compared to NC-fed mice. Transcriptome analysis of the lung and adipose tissue obtained from deceased COVID-19 patients found that the obese patients had an increase in the expression of genes and the activation of pathways associated with inflammation as compared to normal-weight patients (n = 2). The K18 mouse model and human COVID-19 patient data support a link between inflammation and an obesity-accelerated COVID-19 disease phenotype. These results also indicate that obesity-accelerated severe COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 WA1 infection in the K18 mouse model would be a suitable model for dissecting the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Currey
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Calder Ellsworth
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Mst Shamima Khatun
- Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Center for Translational Research in Infection and Inflammation, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Department of Pulmonary Critical Care and Environmental Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Chenxiao Wang
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Zheng Chen
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Shumei Liu
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Cecily Midkiff
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA
| | - Mark Xiao
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Mi Ren
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Fengming Liu
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Mona Elgazzaz
- Southeast Louisiana VA Medical Center, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA
| | - Sharon Fox
- Southeast Louisiana VA Medical Center, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA
| | - Nicholas J Maness
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Jay Rappaport
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Eric Lazartigues
- Southeast Louisiana VA Medical Center, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA
| | - Robert Blair
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA
| | - Jay K Kolls
- Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Center for Translational Research in Infection and Inflammation, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Department of Pulmonary Critical Care and Environmental Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Franck Mauvais-Jarvis
- Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Southeast Louisiana VA Medical Center, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA
| | - Xuebin Qin
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
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Auld SC, Sheshadri A, Alexander-Brett J, Aschner Y, Barczak AK, Basil MC, Cohen KA, Dela Cruz C, McGroder C, Restrepo MI, Ridge KM, Schnapp LM, Traber K, Wunderink RG, Zhang D, Ziady A, Attia EF, Carter J, Chalmers JD, Crothers K, Feldman C, Jones BE, Kaminski N, Keane J, Lewinsohn D, Metersky M, Mizgerd JP, Morris A, Ramirez J, Samarasinghe AE, Staitieh BS, Stek C, Sun J, Evans SE. Postinfectious Pulmonary Complications: Establishing Research Priorities to Advance the Field: An Official American Thoracic Society Workshop Report. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2024; 21:1219-1237. [PMID: 39051991 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.202406-651st] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Continued improvements in the treatment of pulmonary infections have paradoxically resulted in a growing challenge of individuals with postinfectious pulmonary complications (PIPCs). PIPCs have been long recognized after tuberculosis, but recent experiences such as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic have underscored the importance of PIPCs following other lower respiratory tract infections. Independent of the causative pathogen, most available studies of pulmonary infections focus on short-term outcomes rather than long-term morbidity among survivors. In this document, we establish a conceptual scope for PIPCs with discussion of globally significant pulmonary pathogens and an examination of how these pathogens can damage different components of the lung, resulting in a spectrum of PIPCs. We also review potential mechanisms for the transition from acute infection to PIPC, including the interplay between pathogen-mediated injury and aberrant host responses, which together result in PIPCs. Finally, we identify cross-cutting research priorities for the field to facilitate future studies to establish the incidence of PIPCs, define common mechanisms, identify therapeutic strategies, and ultimately reduce the burden of morbidity in survivors of pulmonary infections.
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Deng L, Cao C, Cai Z, Wang Z, Leng B, Chen Z, Kong F, Zhou Z, He J, Nie X, Bian JS. STING Contributes to Pulmonary Hypertension by Targeting IFN and BMPR2 Signaling through Regulating of F2RL3. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2024; 71:356-371. [PMID: 38864771 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2023-0308oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is an incurable disease characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling. Endothelial injury and inflammation are the key triggers of disease initiation. Recent findings suggest that STING (stimulator of IFN genes) activation plays a critical role in endothelial dysfunction and IFN signaling. Here, we investigated the involvement of STING in the pathogenesis of PH. Patients with PH and rodent PH model samples, a Sugen 5416/hypoxia PH model, and pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAECs) were used to evaluate the hypothesis. We found that the cyclic guanosine monophosphate-AMP synthase-STING signaling pathway was activated in lung tissues from rodent PH models and patients with PH and in TNF-α-induced PAECs in vitro. Specifically, STING expression was significantly elevated in the endothelial cells in PH disease settings. In the Sugen 5416/hypoxia mouse model, genetic knockout or pharmacological inhibition of STING prevented the progression of PH. Functionally, knockdown of STING reduced the proliferation and migration of PAECs. Mechanistically, STING transcriptionally regulates its binding partner F2RL3 (F2R-like thrombin or trypsin receptor 3) through the STING-NF-κB axis, which activated IFN signaling and repressed BMPR2 (bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2) signaling both in vitro and in vivo. Further analysis revealed that F2RL3 expression was increased in PH settings and identified negative feedback regulation of F2RL3/BMPR2 signaling. Accordingly, a positive correlation of expression amounts between STING and F2RL3/IFN-stimulated genes was observed in vivo. Our findings suggest that STING activation in PAECs plays a critical role in the pathobiology of PH. Targeting STING may be a promising therapeutic strategy for preventing the development of PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Deng
- Department of Pharmacology, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong-Hong Kong Universities for Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chengrui Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong-Hong Kong Universities for Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zongye Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ziping Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong-Hong Kong Universities for Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bin Leng
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, Suzhou, China; and
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong-Hong Kong Universities for Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fanhao Kong
- Department of Pharmacology, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong-Hong Kong Universities for Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhiyue Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong-Hong Kong Universities for Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jun He
- Department of Pharmacology, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong-Hong Kong Universities for Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaowei Nie
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, China
| | - Jin-Song Bian
- Department of Pharmacology, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong-Hong Kong Universities for Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
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Yu L, Liu P. cGAS/STING signalling pathway in senescence and oncogenesis. Semin Cancer Biol 2024:S1044-579X(24)00073-7. [PMID: 39222763 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2024.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2024] [Revised: 08/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The cGAS/STING signaling pathway is a crucial component of the innate immune system, playing significant roles in sensing cytosolic DNA, regulating cellular senescence, and contributing to oncogenesis. Recent advances have shed new lights into the molecular mechanisms governing pathway activation in multiple pathophysiological settings, the indispensable roles of cGAS/STING signaling in cellular senescence, and its context-dependent roles in cancer development and suppression. This review summarizes current knowledge related to the biology of cGAS/STING signaling pathway and its participations into senescence and oncogenesis. We further explore the clinical implications and therapeutic potential for cGAS/STING targeted therapies, and faced challenges in the field. With a focus on molecular mechanisms and emerging pharmacological targets, this review underscores the importance of future studies to harness the therapeutic potential of the cGAS/STING pathway in treating senescence-related disorders and cancer. Advanced understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of cGAS/STING signaling, along with the associated deregulations in diseases, combined with the development of new classes of cGAS/STING modulators, holds great promise for creating novel and effective therapeutic strategies. These advancements could address current treatment challenges and unlock the full potential of cGAS/STING in treating senescence-related disorders and oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Yu
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Pengda Liu
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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Lu J, Hu Z, Jiang H, Wen Z, Li H, Li J, Zeng K, Xie Y, Chen H, Su XZ, Cai C, Yu X. Dual nature of type I interferon responses and feedback regulations by SOCS1 dictate malaria mortality. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00370-9. [PMID: 39181199 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Type I interferon (IFN-I, IFN-α/β), precisely controlled by multiple regulators, including suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1), is critical for host defense against pathogens. However, the impact of IFN-α/β on malaria parasite infections, beneficial or detrimental, remains controversial. OBJECTIVES The contradictory results are suspected to arise from differences in parasite species and host genetic backgrounds. To date, no prior study has employed a comparative approach utilizing two parasite models to investigate the underlying mechanisms of IFN-I response. Moreover, whether and how SOCS1 involves in the distinct IFN-α/β dynamics is still unclear. METHODS Here we perform single-cell RNA sequencing analyses (scRNA-seq) to dissect the dynamics of IFN-α/β responses against P. yoelii 17XL (17XL) and P. berghei ANKA (PbANKA) infections; conduct flow cytometry analysis and functional depletion to identify key cellular players induced by IFN-I; and establish mathematical models to explore the mechanisms underlying the differential IFN-I dynamics regulated by SOCS1. RESULTS 17XL stimulates an early protective but insufficient toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)-interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7)-dependent IFN-α/β response, resulting in CD11ahiCD49dhiCD4+ T cell activation to enhance anti-malarial immunity. On the contrary, a late IFN-α/β induction through toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)-IRF7/ stimulator of interferon genes (STING)- interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) dependent pathways expands programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)+CD8+ T cells and impairs host immunity during PbANKA infection. Furthermore, functional assay and mathematical modeling show that SOCS1 significantly suppresses IFN-α/β production via negative feedback and incoherent feed-forward loops (I1-FFL). Additionally, differential activation patterns of various transcriptional factors (TFs) synergistically regulate the distinct IFN-I responses. CONCLUSION This study reveals the dual functions of IFN-I in anti-malarial immunity: Early IFN-α/β enhances immune responses against Plasmodium infection by promoting CD11ahiCD49dhiCD4+ T cell, while late IFN-α/β suppresses these response by expanding PD-1+CD8+ T cells. Moreover, both the SOCS1-related network motifs and TFs activation patterns contribute to determine distinct dynamics of IFN-I responses. Hence, our findings suggest therapies targeting SOCS1- or TFs-regulated IFN-I dynamics could be an efficacious approach for preventing malaria and enhancing vaccine efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiansen Lu
- Department of Joint Surgery, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Zhiqiang Hu
- Department of Joint Surgery, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310029, China
| | - Huaji Jiang
- Department of Joint Surgery, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Zebin Wen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Hongyu Li
- Department of Joint Surgery, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Jian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361000, China
| | - Ke Zeng
- Department of Joint Surgery, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Yingchao Xie
- Department of Joint Surgery, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Huadan Chen
- Department of Joint Surgery, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Xin-Zhuan Su
- Malaria Functional Genomics Section, Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Chunmei Cai
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, School of Medical, Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810000, China.
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Joint Surgery, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China.
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7
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Fang D, Liu Y, Dou D, Su B. The Unique Immune Evasion Mechanisms of the Mpox Virus and Their Implication for Developing New Vaccines and Immunotherapies. Virol Sin 2024:S1995-820X(24)00135-4. [PMID: 39181538 DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2024.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Mpox is an infectious and contagious zoonotic disease caused by the mpox virus (MPXV), which belongs to the genus Orthopoxvirus. Since 2022, MPXV has posed a significant threat to global public health. The emergence of thousands of cases across the Western Hemisphere prompted the World Health Organization to declare an emergency. The extensive coevolutionary history of poxviruses with humans has enabled these viruses to develop sophisticated mechanisms to counter the human immune system. Specifically, MPXV employs unique immune evasion strategies against a wide range of immunological elements, presenting a considerable challenge for treatment, especially following the discontinuation of routine smallpox vaccination among the general population. In this review, we start by discussing the entry of the mpox virus and the onset of early infection, followed by an introduction to the mechanisms by which the mpox virus can evade the innate and adaptive immune responses. Two caspase-1 inhibitory proteins and a PKR escape-related protein have been identified as phylogenomic hubs involved in modulating the immune environment during the MPXV infection. With respect to adaptive immunity, mpox viruses exhibit unique and exceptional T-cell inhibition capabilities, thereby comprehensively remodeling the host immune environment. The viral envelope also poses challenges for the neutralizing effects of antibodies and the complement system. The unique immune evasion mechanisms employed by MPXV make novel multi-epitope and nucleic acid-based vaccines highly promising research directions worth investigating. Finally, we briefly discuss the impact of MPXV infection on immunosuppressed patients and the current status of MPXV vaccine development. This review may provide valuable information for the development of new immunological treatments for mpox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Fang
- Department of Health Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Dou Dou
- Department of Health Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Bin Su
- Department of Health Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing, 100085, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Central Laboratory, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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8
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Benhamouda N, Besbes A, Bauer R, Mabrouk N, Gadouas G, Desaint C, Chevrier L, Lefebvre M, Radenne A, Roelens M, Parfait B, Weiskopf D, Sette A, Gruel N, Courbebaisse M, Appay V, Paul S, Gorochov G, Ropers J, Lebbah S, Lelievre JD, Johannes L, Ulmer J, Lebeaux D, Friedlander G, De Lamballerie X, Ravel P, Kieny MP, Batteux F, Durier C, Launay O, Tartour E. Cytokine profile of anti-spike CD4 +T cells predicts humoral and CD8 +T cell responses after anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination. iScience 2024; 27:110441. [PMID: 39104410 PMCID: PMC11298648 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Coordinating immune responses - humoral and cellular - is vital for protection against severe Covid-19. Our study evaluates a multicytokine CD4+T cell signature's predictive for post-vaccinal serological and CD8+T cell responses. A cytokine signature composed of four cytokines (IL-2, TNF-α, IP10, IL-9) excluding IFN-γ, and generated through machine learning, effectively predicted the CD8+T cell response following mRNA-1273 or BNT162b2 vaccine administration. Its applicability extends to murine vaccination models, encompassing diverse immunization routes (such as intranasal) and vaccine platforms (including adjuvanted proteins). Notably, we found correlation between CD4+T lymphocyte-produced IL-21 and the humoral response. Consequently, we propose a test that offers a rapid overview of integrated immune responses. This approach holds particular relevance for scenarios involving immunocompromised patients because they often have low cell counts (lymphopenia) or pandemics. This study also underscores the pivotal role of CD4+T cells during a vaccine response and highlights their value in vaccine immunomonitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Benhamouda
- Department of Immunology, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Hôpital Necker Department of Immunology, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U970, PARCC, Department of Immunology, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Hôpital Necker Department of Immunology, Paris, France
| | - Anissa Besbes
- Department of Immunology, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Hôpital Necker Department of Immunology, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U970, PARCC, Department of Immunology, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Hôpital Necker Department of Immunology, Paris, France
| | | | - Nesrine Mabrouk
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U970, PARCC, Department of Immunology, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Hôpital Necker Department of Immunology, Paris, France
| | - Gauthier Gadouas
- Bioinformatics and Cancer System Biology Team, IRCM-INSERM U1194, Institut de Recherche en Cancerologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Corinne Desaint
- INSERM SC10-US019, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, CIC 1417, F-CRIN, Innovative Clinical Research Network in Vaccinology (I-REIVAC), APHP, CIC Cochin Pasteur, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Lucie Chevrier
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1016 Insitut Cochin, Hôpital Cochin, APHP, Centre Service d’immunologie Biologique, Paris, France
| | - Maeva Lefebvre
- Service de maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Centre de prévention des maladies infectieuses et transmissibles CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Anne Radenne
- Unité de Recherche Clinique des Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié Salpêtrière-Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Marie Roelens
- Department of Immunology, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Hôpital Necker Department of Immunology, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U970, PARCC, Department of Immunology, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Hôpital Necker Department of Immunology, Paris, France
| | - Béatrice Parfait
- Centre de ressources Biologiques, Hôpital Cochin, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Daniela Weiskopf
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine in Health Sciences, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alessandro Sette
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nadège Gruel
- INSERM U830, Équipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Diversity and Plasticity of Childhood Tumors Lab, Centre de Recherche, Institut Curie, Université PSL, Paris, France
- Department of Translational Research, Centre de Recherche, Institut Curie, Université PSL, Paris, France
| | - Marie Courbebaisse
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Explorations fonctionnelles rénales, Physiologie, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Victor Appay
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5164, INSERM ERL 1303, ImmunoConcEpT, 33000 Bordeaux, France
- International Research Center of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Stephane Paul
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, INSERM, CIC 1408 INSERM Vaccinology, Immunology Department, iBiothera Reference Center, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Guy Gorochov
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, APHP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Jacques Ropers
- Unité de Recherche Clinique des Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié Salpêtrière –Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié Salpêtrière- Charles Foix, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Said Lebbah
- Unité de Recherche Clinique des Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié Salpêtrière –Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié Salpêtrière- Charles Foix, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Daniel Lelievre
- Vaccine Research Institute, Créteil, France
- INSERM U955, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
- Groupe Henri-Mondor Albert-Chenevier, APHP, Créteil, France
| | - Ludger Johannes
- Cellular and Chemical Biology Unit, U1143 INSERM, UMR3666 CNRS, Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Université PSL, Paris, France
| | - Jonathan Ulmer
- Cellular and Chemical Biology Unit, U1143 INSERM, UMR3666 CNRS, Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Université PSL, Paris, France
| | - David Lebeaux
- Université Paris Cité, Service de maladies infectieuses Hôpital Saint Louis/Lariboisère APHP, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Gerard Friedlander
- Department of « Croissance et Signalisation », Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151, CNRS UMR 8253, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Xavier De Lamballerie
- Unité des Virus Émergents, UVE: Aix-Marseille Université, IRD 190, INSERM 1207 Marseille, France
| | - Patrice Ravel
- Bioinformatics and Cancer System Biology Team, IRCM-INSERM U1194, Institut de Recherche en Cancerologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Marie Paule Kieny
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Fréderic Batteux
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1016 Insitut Cochin, Hôpital Cochin, APHP, Centre Service d’immunologie Biologique, Paris, France
| | | | - Odile Launay
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, CIC 1417, F-CRIN, Innovative Clinical Research Network in Vaccinology (I-REIVAC), APHP, CIC Cochin Pasteur, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Eric Tartour
- Department of Immunology, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Hôpital Necker Department of Immunology, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U970, PARCC, Department of Immunology, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Hôpital Necker Department of Immunology, Paris, France
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9
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Luo YW, Zhou JP, Ji H, Xu D, Zheng A, Wang X, Dai Z, Luo Z, Cao F, Wang XY, Bai Y, Chen D, Chen Y, Wang Q, Yang Y, Zhang X, Chiu S, Peng X, Huang AL, Tang KF. SARS-CoV-2 N protein-induced Dicer, XPO5, SRSF3, and hnRNPA3 downregulation causes pneumonia. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6964. [PMID: 39138195 PMCID: PMC11322655 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51192-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Though RNAi and RNA-splicing machineries are involved in regulating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) replication, their precise roles in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pathogenesis remain unclear. Herein, we show that decreased RNAi component (Dicer and XPO5) and splicing factor (SRSF3 and hnRNPA3) expression correlate with increased COVID-19 severity. SARS-CoV-2 N protein induces the autophagic degradation of Dicer, XPO5, SRSF3, and hnRNPA3, inhibiting miRNA biogenesis and RNA splicing and triggering DNA damage, proteotoxic stress, and pneumonia. Dicer, XPO5, SRSF3, and hnRNPA3 knockdown increases, while their overexpression decreases, N protein-induced pneumonia's severity. Older mice show lower expression of Dicer, XPO5, SRSF3, and hnRNPA3 in their lung tissues and exhibit more severe N protein-induced pneumonia than younger mice. PJ34, a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor, or anastrozole, an aromatase inhibitor, ameliorates N protein- or SARS-CoV-2-induced pneumonia by restoring Dicer, XPO5, SRSF3, and hnRNPA3 expression. These findings will aid in developing improved treatments for SARS-CoV-2-associated pneumonia.
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Grants
- 81972648 National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)
- CSTB2023NSCQ-BHX0134 Chongqing Postdoctoral Science Foundation
- 82172915 National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)
- 81773011 National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)
- I01 HX000134 HSRD VA
- The National Key Research and Development Program is aimed at addressing major scientific and technological issues that are crucial to the national economy, people's livelihood, public welfare, industrial core competitiveness, overall capability for independent innovation, and national security. It aims to overcome technological bottlenecks in key areas of national economic and social development. This program integrates several initiatives previously managed by different departments, including the National Basic Research Program of Ministry of Science and Technology, the National High-Tech Research and Development Program, the National Science and Technology Support Program, special projects for international science and technology cooperation and exchange, industrial technology research and development funds co-managed by the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, as well as public welfare industry scientific research special projects managed by 13 departments including the Ministry of Agriculture and the National Health and Family Planning Commission, into a unified national key R&D program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Disease, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jiang-Peng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Disease, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Hongyu Ji
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Disease, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Doudou Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Peking Union Medical College), Ministry of Education, National Center of Technology Innovation for animal model, CAMS & PUMC, Beijing, PR China
| | - Anqi Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Disease, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Zhizheng Dai
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Disease, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Zhicheng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Disease, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Fang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Disease, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Xing-Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yunfang Bai
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Disease, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Di Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Disease, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yueming Chen
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yaying Yang
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Xinghai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Sandra Chiu
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Anhui Province for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Xiaozhong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Peking Union Medical College), Ministry of Education, National Center of Technology Innovation for animal model, CAMS & PUMC, Beijing, PR China.
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Ai-Long Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Disease, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.
| | - Kai-Fu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Disease, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.
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10
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Shen LP, Zhang WC, Deng JR, Qi ZH, Lin ZW, Wang ZD. Advances in the mechanism of small nucleolar RNA and its role in DNA damage response. Mil Med Res 2024; 11:53. [PMID: 39118131 PMCID: PMC11308251 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-024-00553-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) were previously regarded as a class of functionally conserved housekeeping genes, primarily involved in the regulation of ribosome biogenesis by ribosomal RNA (rRNA) modification. However, some of them are involved in several biological processes via complex molecular mechanisms. DNA damage response (DDR) is a conserved mechanism for maintaining genomic stability to prevent the occurrence of various human diseases. It has recently been revealed that snoRNAs are involved in DDR at multiple levels, indicating their relevant theoretical and clinical significance in this field. The present review systematically addresses four main points, including the biosynthesis and classification of snoRNAs, the mechanisms through which snoRNAs regulate target molecules, snoRNAs in the process of DDR, and the significance of snoRNA in disease diagnosis and treatment. It focuses on the potential functions of snoRNAs in DDR to help in the discovery of the roles of snoRNAs in maintaining genome stability and pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ping Shen
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Wen-Cheng Zhang
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Jia-Rong Deng
- Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Academy of Military Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Qi
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Zhong-Wu Lin
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Zhi-Dong Wang
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.
- Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Academy of Military Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
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11
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Zhao R, Zhang J, Ma J, Qu Y, Yang Z, Yin Z, Li F, Dong Z, Sun Q, Zhu S, Chen ZJ, Gao D. cGAS-activated endothelial cell-T cell cross-talk initiates tertiary lymphoid structure formation. Sci Immunol 2024; 9:eadk2612. [PMID: 39093956 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adk2612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Aberrant activation of the cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) pathway causes autoimmunity in humans and mice; however, the exact mechanism by which the cGAS-STING pathway initiates adaptive immunity and tissue pathology is still not fully understood. Here, we used a cGAS knockin (KI) mouse model that develops systemic autoimmunity. In the lungs of cGAS-KI mice, blood vessels were enclosed by organized lymphoid tissues that resemble tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs). Cell-intrinsic cGAS induction promoted up-regulation of CCR5 in CD8+ T cells and led to CCL5 production in vascular endothelial cells. Peripheral CD8+ T cells were recruited to the lungs and produced CXCL13 and interferon-γ. The latter triggered endothelial cell death, potentiated CCL5 production, and was essential for TLS establishment. Blocking CCL5 or CCR5, or depleting CD8+ T cells, impaired TLS formation. cGAS-mediated TLS formation also enhanced humoral and antitumor responses. These data demonstrate that cGAS signaling drives a specialized lymphoid structure that underlies autoimmune tissue pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruibo Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province 230007, China
- Institute of Immunology and the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
| | - Jinghe Zhang
- Institute of Immunology and the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
| | - Jialu Ma
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province 230007, China
- Institute of Immunology and the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
| | - Yali Qu
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province 230007, China
- Institute of Immunology and the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
| | - Zhenrong Yang
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province 230007, China
- Institute of Immunology and the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
| | - Zhinan Yin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People's Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China
- Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Health Science Center (School of Medicine), Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Fengyin Li
- Institute of Immunology and the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
| | - Zhongjun Dong
- First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University and Institute for Clinical Immunology, Anhui Medical University, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Qinmiao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shu Zhu
- Institute of Immunology and the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
| | - Zhijian J Chen
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Center for Inflammation Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Daxing Gao
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province 230007, China
- Institute of Immunology and the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
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12
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Shafqat A, Masters MC, Tripathi U, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL, Hashmi SK. Long COVID as a disease of accelerated biological aging: An opportunity to translate geroscience interventions. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 99:102400. [PMID: 38945306 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
It has been four years since long COVID-the protracted consequences that survivors of COVID-19 face-was first described. Yet, this entity continues to devastate the quality of life of an increasing number of COVID-19 survivors without any approved therapy and a paucity of clinical trials addressing its biological root causes. Notably, many of the symptoms of long COVID are typically seen with advancing age. Leveraging this similarity, we posit that Geroscience-which aims to target the biological drivers of aging to prevent age-associated conditions as a group-could offer promising therapeutic avenues for long COVID. Bearing this in mind, this review presents a translational framework for studying long COVID as a state of effectively accelerated biological aging, identifying research gaps and offering recommendations for future preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areez Shafqat
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mary Clare Masters
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Utkarsh Tripathi
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Tamara Tchkonia
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - James L Kirkland
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Shahrukh K Hashmi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Research and Innovation Center, Department of Health, Abu Dhabi, UAE; College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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13
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He J, Zhang L. The journey of STING: Guiding immune signaling through membrane trafficking. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2024; 78:25-36. [PMID: 39019665 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2024.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) serves as a pivotal mediator in the innate immune signaling pathway, transducing signals from various DNA receptors and playing a crucial role in natural immune processes. During cellular quiescence, STING protein resides in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and its activation typically occurs through the cGAS-STING signaling pathway. Upon activation, STING protein is transported to the Golgi apparatus, thereby initiating downstream signaling cascades. Vesicular transport serves as the primary mechanism for STING protein trafficking between the ER and Golgi apparatus, with COPII mediating anterograde transport from the ER to Golgi apparatus, while COPI is responsible for retrograde transport. Numerous factors influence these transport processes, thereby exerting either promoting or inhibitory effects on STING protein expression. Upon reaching the Golgi apparatus, to prevent over-activation, STING protein is transported to post-Golgi compartments for degradation. In addition to the conventional lysosomal degradation pathway, ESCRT has also been identified as one of the degradation pathways for STING protein. This review summarizes the recent findings on the membrane trafficking pathways of STING, highlighting their contributions to the regulation of cytokine production, the activation of immune cells, and the coordination of immune signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi He
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Leiliang Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China.
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14
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Cabrera LE, Jokiranta ST, Mäki S, Miettinen S, Kant R, Kareinen L, Sironen T, Pietilä JP, Kantele A, Kekäläinen E, Lindgren H, Mattila P, Kipar A, Vapalahti O, Strandin T. The assembly of neutrophil inflammasomes during COVID-19 is mediated by type I interferons. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1012368. [PMID: 39172744 PMCID: PMC11340896 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The severity of COVID-19 is linked to excessive inflammation. Neutrophils represent a critical arm of the innate immune response and are major mediators of inflammation, but their role in COVID-19 pathophysiology remains poorly understood. We conducted transcriptomic profiling of neutrophils obtained from patients with mild and severe COVID-19, as well as from SARS-CoV-2 infected mice, in comparison to non-infected healthy controls. In addition, we investigated the inflammasome formation potential in neutrophils from patients and mice upon SARS-CoV-2 infection. Transcriptomic analysis of polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs), consisting mainly of mature neutrophils, revealed a striking type I interferon (IFN-I) gene signature in severe COVID-19 patients, contrasting with mild COVID-19 and healthy controls. Notably, low-density granulocytes (LDGs) from severe COVID-19 patients exhibited an immature neutrophil phenotype and lacked this IFN-I signature. Moreover, PMNs from severe COVID-19 patients showed heightened nigericin-induced caspase1 activation, but reduced responsiveness to exogenous inflammasome priming. Furthermore, IFN-I emerged as a priming stimulus for neutrophil inflammasomes. These findings suggest a potential role for neutrophil inflammasomes in driving inflammation during severe COVID-19. Altogether, these findings open promising avenues for targeted therapeutic interventions to mitigate the pathological processes associated with the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz E. Cabrera
- Viral Zoonosis Research Unit, Medicum, Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Suvi T. Jokiranta
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Immunology Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sanna Mäki
- Viral Zoonosis Research Unit, Medicum, Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Simo Miettinen
- Viral Zoonosis Research Unit, Medicum, Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ravi Kant
- Viral Zoonosis Research Unit, Medicum, Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Tropical Parasitology, Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdynia, Poland
| | - Lauri Kareinen
- Viral Zoonosis Research Unit, Medicum, Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tarja Sironen
- Viral Zoonosis Research Unit, Medicum, Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jukka-Pekka Pietilä
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Meilahti Vaccine Research Center MeVac, Department of Infectious Diseases, Inflammation Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anu Kantele
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Meilahti Vaccine Research Center MeVac, Department of Infectious Diseases, Inflammation Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eliisa Kekäläinen
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Immunology Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Division of Virology and Immunology, HUSLAB Clinical Microbiology, HUS Diagnostic Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna Lindgren
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pirkko Mattila
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anja Kipar
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Laboratory for Animal Model Pathology, Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Infection Biology & Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Olli Vapalahti
- Viral Zoonosis Research Unit, Medicum, Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Division of Virology and Immunology, HUSLAB Clinical Microbiology, HUS Diagnostic Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tomas Strandin
- Viral Zoonosis Research Unit, Medicum, Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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15
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Liu T, Woodruff PG, Zhou X. Advances in non-type 2 severe asthma: from molecular insights to novel treatment strategies. Eur Respir J 2024; 64:2300826. [PMID: 38697650 PMCID: PMC11325267 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00826-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Asthma is a prevalent pulmonary disease that affects more than 300 million people worldwide and imposes a substantial economic burden. While medication can effectively control symptoms in some patients, severe asthma attacks, driven by airway inflammation induced by environmental and infectious exposures, continue to be a major cause of asthma-related mortality. Heterogeneous phenotypes of asthma include type 2 (T2) and non-T2 asthma. Non-T2 asthma is often observed in patients with severe and/or steroid-resistant asthma. This review covers the molecular mechanisms, clinical phenotypes, causes and promising treatments of non-T2 severe asthma. Specifically, we discuss the signalling pathways for non-T2 asthma including the activation of inflammasomes, interferon responses and interleukin-17 pathways, and their contributions to the subtypes, progression and severity of non-T2 asthma. Understanding the molecular mechanisms and genetic determinants underlying non-T2 asthma could form the basis for precision medicine in severe asthma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine and Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Prescott G Woodruff
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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16
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Woo MS, Mayer C, Binkle-Ladisch L, Sonner JK, Rosenkranz SC, Shaposhnykov A, Rothammer N, Tsvilovskyy V, Lorenz SM, Raich L, Bal LC, Vieira V, Wagner I, Bauer S, Glatzel M, Conrad M, Merkler D, Freichel M, Friese MA. STING orchestrates the neuronal inflammatory stress response in multiple sclerosis. Cell 2024; 187:4043-4060.e30. [PMID: 38878778 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Inflammation-induced neurodegeneration is a defining feature of multiple sclerosis (MS), yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. By dissecting the neuronal inflammatory stress response, we discovered that neurons in MS and its mouse model induce the stimulator of interferon genes (STING). However, activation of neuronal STING requires its detachment from the stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1), a process triggered by glutamate excitotoxicity. This detachment initiates non-canonical STING signaling, which leads to autophagic degradation of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), essential for neuronal redox homeostasis and thereby inducing ferroptosis. Both genetic and pharmacological interventions that target STING in neurons protect against inflammation-induced neurodegeneration. Our findings position STING as a central regulator of the detrimental neuronal inflammatory stress response, integrating inflammation with glutamate signaling to cause neuronal cell death, and present it as a tractable target for treating neurodegeneration in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel S Woo
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christina Mayer
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lars Binkle-Ladisch
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jana K Sonner
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sina C Rosenkranz
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Artem Shaposhnykov
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicola Rothammer
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Volodymyr Tsvilovskyy
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Svenja M Lorenz
- Institute of Metabolism and Cell Death, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lukas Raich
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lukas C Bal
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Vanessa Vieira
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ingrid Wagner
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University and University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Simone Bauer
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Glatzel
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Conrad
- Institute of Metabolism and Cell Death, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Doron Merkler
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University and University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marc Freichel
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Manuel A Friese
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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17
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Lee SH, Bonifacio F, Prudente AS, Choi YI, Roh J, Adjafre BL, Park CK, Jung SJ, Cunha TM, Berta T. STING recognition of viral dsDNA by nociceptors mediates pain in mice. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 121:29-42. [PMID: 39025416 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Pain is often one of the initial indicators of a viral infection, yet our understanding of how viruses induce pain is limited. Immune cells typically recognize viral nucleic acids, which activate viral receptors and signaling, leading to immunity. Interestingly, these viral receptors and signals are also present in nociceptors and are associated with pain. Here, we investigate the response of nociceptors to nucleic acids during viral infections, specifically focusing on the role of the viral signal, Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING). Our research shows that cytosolic double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) from viruses, like herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), triggers pain responses through STING expression in nociceptors. In addition, STING agonists alone can elicit pain responses. Notably, these responses involve the direct activation of STING in nociceptors through TRPV1. We also provided a proof-of-concept showing that STING and TRPV1 significantly contribute to the mechanical hypersensitivity induced by HSV-1 infection. These findings suggest that STING could be a potential therapeutic target for relieving pain during viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hoon Lee
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Fabio Bonifacio
- Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Arthur Silveira Prudente
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Y I Choi
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jueun Roh
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Gachon Pain Center and Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Beatriz Lima Adjafre
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Chul-Kyu Park
- Gachon Pain Center and Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Sung Jun Jung
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Thiago M Cunha
- Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
| | - Temugin Berta
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States.
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18
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Oh S, Mandell MA. Regulation of Mitochondria-Derived Immune Activation by 'Antiviral' TRIM Proteins. Viruses 2024; 16:1161. [PMID: 39066323 PMCID: PMC11281404 DOI: 10.3390/v16071161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are key orchestrators of antiviral responses that serve as platforms for the assembly and activation of innate immune-signaling complexes. In response to viral infection, mitochondria can be triggered to release immune-stimulatory molecules that can boost interferon production. These same molecules can be released by damaged mitochondria to induce pathogenic, antiviral-like immune responses in the absence of infection. This review explores how members of the tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) protein family, which are recognized for their roles in antiviral defense, regulate mitochondria-based innate immune activation. In antiviral defense, TRIMs are essential components of immune signal transduction pathways and function as directly acting viral restriction factors. TRIMs carry out conceptually similar activities when controlling immune activation related to mitochondria. First, they modulate immune-signaling pathways that can be activated by mitochondrial molecules. Second, they co-ordinate the direct removal of mitochondria and associated immune-activating factors through mitophagy. These insights broaden the scope of TRIM actions in innate immunity and may implicate TRIMs in diseases associated with mitochondria-derived inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seeun Oh
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA;
| | - Michael A. Mandell
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA;
- Autophagy, Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
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19
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Hu T, Liu Y, Fleck J, King C, Schalk E, Zhang Z, Mehle A, Smith JA. Multiple unfolded protein response pathways cooperate to link cytosolic dsDNA release to stimulator of interferon gene activation. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1358462. [PMID: 39100663 PMCID: PMC11294172 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1358462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) sensor STING has been increasingly implicated in responses to "sterile" endogenous threats and pathogens without nominal DNA or cyclic di-nucleotide stimuli. Previous work showed an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response, known as the unfolded protein response (UPR), activates STING. Herein, we sought to determine if ER stress generated a STING ligand, and to identify the UPR pathways involved. Induction of IFN-β expression following stimulation with the UPR inducer thapsigargin (TPG) or oxygen glucose deprivation required both STING and the dsDNA-sensing cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS). Furthermore, TPG increased cytosolic mitochondrial DNA, and immunofluorescence visualized dsDNA punctae in murine and human cells, providing a cGAS stimulus. N-acetylcysteine decreased IFN-β induction by TPG, implicating reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, mitoTEMPO, a mitochondrial oxidative stress inhibitor did not impact TPG-induced IFN. On the other hand, inhibiting the inositol requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) ER stress sensor and its target transcription factor XBP1 decreased the generation of cytosolic dsDNA. iNOS upregulation was XBP1-dependent, and an iNOS inhibitor decreased cytosolic dsDNA and IFN-β, implicating ROS downstream of the IRE1-XBP1 pathway. Inhibition of the PKR-like ER kinase (PERK) pathway also attenuated cytoplasmic dsDNA release. The PERK-regulated apoptotic factor Bim was required for both dsDNA release and IFN-β mRNA induction. Finally, XBP1 and PERK pathways contributed to cytosolic dsDNA release and IFN-induction by the RNA virus, Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSV). Together, our findings suggest that ER stressors, including viral pathogens without nominal STING or cGAS ligands such as RNA viruses, trigger multiple canonical UPR pathways that cooperate to activate STING and downstream IFN-β via mitochondrial dsDNA release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiancheng Hu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Yiping Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Jeremy Fleck
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Cason King
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Elaine Schalk
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Andrew Mehle
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Judith A. Smith
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
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20
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Tong Z, Zou JP, Wang SY, Luo WW, Wang YY. Activation of the cGAS-STING-IRF3 Axis by Type I and II Interferons Contributes to Host Defense. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2308890. [PMID: 39004913 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Interferons (IFNs) activate JAK-STAT pathways to induce downstream effector genes for host defense against invaded pathogens and tumors. Here both type I (β) and II (γ) IFNs are shown that can activate the transcription factor IRF3 in parallel with STAT1. IRF3-deficiency impairs transcription of a subset of downstream effector genes induced by IFN-β and IFN-γ. Mechanistically, IFN-induced activation of IRF3 is dependent on the cGAS-STING-TBK1 axis. Both IFN-β and IFN-γ cause mitochondrial DNA release into the cytosol. In addition, IFNs induce JAK1-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of cGAS at Y214/Y215, which is essential for its DNA binding activity and signaling. Furthermore, deficiency of cGAS, STING, or IRF3 impairs IFN-β- or IFN-γ-mediated antiviral and antitumor activities. The findings reveal a novel IRF3 activation pathway parallel with the canonical STAT1/2 activation pathways triggered by IFNs and provide an explanation for the pleiotropic roles of the cGAS-STING-IRF3 axis in host defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Tong
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bejing, 100049, China
| | - Jia-Peng Zou
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bejing, 100049, China
| | - Su-Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Wei-Wei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bejing, 100049, China
- Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, 430200, China
| | - Yan-Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bejing, 100049, China
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21
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Grune J, Bajpai G, Ocak PT, Kaufmann E, Mentkowski K, Pabel S, Kumowski N, Pulous FE, Tran KA, Rohde D, Zhang S, Iwamoto Y, Wojtkiewicz GR, Vinegoni C, Green U, Swirski FK, Stone JR, Lennerz JK, Divangahi M, Hulsmans M, Nahrendorf M. Virus-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Causes Cardiomyopathy Through Eliciting Inflammatory Responses in the Heart. Circulation 2024; 150:49-61. [PMID: 38506045 PMCID: PMC11216864 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.066433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Viral infections can cause acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), systemic inflammation, and secondary cardiovascular complications. Lung macrophage subsets change during ARDS, but the role of heart macrophages in cardiac injury during viral ARDS remains unknown. Here we investigate how immune signals typical for viral ARDS affect cardiac macrophage subsets, cardiovascular health, and systemic inflammation. METHODS We assessed cardiac macrophage subsets using immunofluorescence histology of autopsy specimens from 21 patients with COVID-19 with SARS-CoV-2-associated ARDS and 33 patients who died from other causes. In mice, we compared cardiac immune cell dynamics after SARS-CoV-2 infection with ARDS induced by intratracheal instillation of Toll-like receptor ligands and an ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) inhibitor. RESULTS In humans, SARS-CoV-2 increased total cardiac macrophage counts and led to a higher proportion of CCR2+ (C-C chemokine receptor type 2 positive) macrophages. In mice, SARS-CoV-2 and virus-free lung injury triggered profound remodeling of cardiac resident macrophages, recapitulating the clinical expansion of CCR2+ macrophages. Treating mice exposed to virus-like ARDS with a tumor necrosis factor α-neutralizing antibody reduced cardiac monocytes and inflammatory MHCIIlo CCR2+ macrophages while also preserving cardiac function. Virus-like ARDS elevated mortality in mice with pre-existing heart failure. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that viral ARDS promotes cardiac inflammation by expanding the CCR2+ macrophage subset, and the associated cardiac phenotypes in mice can be elicited by activating the host immune system even without viral presence in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Grune
- Center for Systems Biology (J.G., G.B., P.T.O., K.M., S.P., N.K., F.E.P., D.R., S.Z., Y.I., G.R.W., C.V., M.H., M.N.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Department of Radiology (J.G., G.B., P.T.O., K.M., S.P., N.K., F.E.P., D.R., S.Z., C.V., M.H., M.N.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum Der Charité, Berlin, Germany (J.G.)
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Institute of Physiology, Germany (J.G.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Berlin (J.G.)
| | - Geetika Bajpai
- Center for Systems Biology (J.G., G.B., P.T.O., K.M., S.P., N.K., F.E.P., D.R., S.Z., Y.I., G.R.W., C.V., M.H., M.N.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Department of Radiology (J.G., G.B., P.T.O., K.M., S.P., N.K., F.E.P., D.R., S.Z., C.V., M.H., M.N.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Pervin Tülin Ocak
- Center for Systems Biology (J.G., G.B., P.T.O., K.M., S.P., N.K., F.E.P., D.R., S.Z., Y.I., G.R.W., C.V., M.H., M.N.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Department of Radiology (J.G., G.B., P.T.O., K.M., S.P., N.K., F.E.P., D.R., S.Z., C.V., M.H., M.N.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (P.T.O.)
| | - Eva Kaufmann
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, Research Institute McGill University Health Centre, and McGill International TB Centre Montreal, Canada (E.K., K.A.T., M.D.)
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada (E.K.)
| | - Kyle Mentkowski
- Center for Systems Biology (J.G., G.B., P.T.O., K.M., S.P., N.K., F.E.P., D.R., S.Z., Y.I., G.R.W., C.V., M.H., M.N.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Department of Radiology (J.G., G.B., P.T.O., K.M., S.P., N.K., F.E.P., D.R., S.Z., C.V., M.H., M.N.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Steffen Pabel
- Center for Systems Biology (J.G., G.B., P.T.O., K.M., S.P., N.K., F.E.P., D.R., S.Z., Y.I., G.R.W., C.V., M.H., M.N.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Department of Radiology (J.G., G.B., P.T.O., K.M., S.P., N.K., F.E.P., D.R., S.Z., C.V., M.H., M.N.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center Regensburg, Germany (S.P.)
| | - Nina Kumowski
- Center for Systems Biology (J.G., G.B., P.T.O., K.M., S.P., N.K., F.E.P., D.R., S.Z., Y.I., G.R.W., C.V., M.H., M.N.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Department of Radiology (J.G., G.B., P.T.O., K.M., S.P., N.K., F.E.P., D.R., S.Z., C.V., M.H., M.N.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Aachen, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen University, Germany (N.K.)
| | - Fadi E Pulous
- Center for Systems Biology (J.G., G.B., P.T.O., K.M., S.P., N.K., F.E.P., D.R., S.Z., Y.I., G.R.W., C.V., M.H., M.N.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Department of Radiology (J.G., G.B., P.T.O., K.M., S.P., N.K., F.E.P., D.R., S.Z., C.V., M.H., M.N.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Kim A Tran
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, Research Institute McGill University Health Centre, and McGill International TB Centre Montreal, Canada (E.K., K.A.T., M.D.)
| | - David Rohde
- Center for Systems Biology (J.G., G.B., P.T.O., K.M., S.P., N.K., F.E.P., D.R., S.Z., Y.I., G.R.W., C.V., M.H., M.N.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Department of Radiology (J.G., G.B., P.T.O., K.M., S.P., N.K., F.E.P., D.R., S.Z., C.V., M.H., M.N.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Center for Systems Biology (J.G., G.B., P.T.O., K.M., S.P., N.K., F.E.P., D.R., S.Z., Y.I., G.R.W., C.V., M.H., M.N.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Department of Radiology (J.G., G.B., P.T.O., K.M., S.P., N.K., F.E.P., D.R., S.Z., C.V., M.H., M.N.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Yoshiko Iwamoto
- Center for Systems Biology (J.G., G.B., P.T.O., K.M., S.P., N.K., F.E.P., D.R., S.Z., Y.I., G.R.W., C.V., M.H., M.N.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Gregory R Wojtkiewicz
- Center for Systems Biology (J.G., G.B., P.T.O., K.M., S.P., N.K., F.E.P., D.R., S.Z., Y.I., G.R.W., C.V., M.H., M.N.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Claudio Vinegoni
- Center for Systems Biology (J.G., G.B., P.T.O., K.M., S.P., N.K., F.E.P., D.R., S.Z., Y.I., G.R.W., C.V., M.H., M.N.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Department of Radiology (J.G., G.B., P.T.O., K.M., S.P., N.K., F.E.P., D.R., S.Z., C.V., M.H., M.N.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Ursula Green
- Department of Pathology, Center for Integrated Diagnostics (U.G., J.K.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Filip K Swirski
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (F.K.S.)
| | - James R Stone
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.R.S.)
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (J.R.S.)
| | - Jochen K Lennerz
- Department of Pathology, Center for Integrated Diagnostics (U.G., J.K.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Maziar Divangahi
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, Research Institute McGill University Health Centre, and McGill International TB Centre Montreal, Canada (E.K., K.A.T., M.D.)
| | - Maarten Hulsmans
- Center for Systems Biology (J.G., G.B., P.T.O., K.M., S.P., N.K., F.E.P., D.R., S.Z., Y.I., G.R.W., C.V., M.H., M.N.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Department of Radiology (J.G., G.B., P.T.O., K.M., S.P., N.K., F.E.P., D.R., S.Z., C.V., M.H., M.N.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Matthias Nahrendorf
- Center for Systems Biology (J.G., G.B., P.T.O., K.M., S.P., N.K., F.E.P., D.R., S.Z., Y.I., G.R.W., C.V., M.H., M.N.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Department of Radiology (J.G., G.B., P.T.O., K.M., S.P., N.K., F.E.P., D.R., S.Z., C.V., M.H., M.N.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging (M.N.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Germany (M.N.)
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22
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Moeed A, Thilmany N, Beck F, Puthussery BK, Ortmann N, Haimovici A, Badr MT, Haghighi EB, Boerries M, Öllinger R, Rad R, Kirschnek S, Gentle IE, Donakonda S, Petric PP, Hummel JF, Pfaffendorf E, Zanetta P, Schell C, Schwemmle M, Weber A, Häcker G. The Caspase-Activated DNase drives inflammation and contributes to defense against viral infection. Cell Death Differ 2024; 31:924-937. [PMID: 38849575 PMCID: PMC11239672 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-024-01320-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria react to infection with sub-lethal signals in the apoptosis pathway. Mitochondrial signals can be inflammatory but mechanisms are only partially understood. We show that activation of the caspase-activated DNase (CAD) mediates mitochondrial pro-inflammatory functions and substantially contributes to host defense against viral infection. In cells lacking CAD, the pro-inflammatory activity of sub-lethal signals was reduced. Experimental activation of CAD caused transient DNA-damage and a pronounced DNA damage response, involving major kinase signaling pathways, NF-κB and cGAS/STING, driving the production of interferon, cytokines/chemokines and attracting neutrophils. The transcriptional response to CAD-activation was reminiscent of the reaction to microbial infection. CAD-deficient cells had a diminished response to viral infection. Influenza virus infected CAD-deficient mice displayed reduced inflammation in lung tissue, higher viral titers and increased weight loss. Thus, CAD links the mitochondrial apoptosis system and cell death caspases to host defense. CAD-driven DNA damage is a physiological element of the inflammatory response to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Moeed
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nico Thilmany
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Frederic Beck
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bhagya K Puthussery
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Noemi Ortmann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Aladin Haimovici
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - M Tarek Badr
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Elham Bavafaye Haghighi
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Boerries
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), partner site Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Rupert Öllinger
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, Department of Medicine II and TranslaTUM Cancer Center; TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Roland Rad
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, Department of Medicine II and TranslaTUM Cancer Center; TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Susanne Kirschnek
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ian E Gentle
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sainitin Donakonda
- Institute of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp P Petric
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jonas F Hummel
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Pfaffendorf
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Paola Zanetta
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Schell
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin Schwemmle
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Arnim Weber
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Georg Häcker
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany.
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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23
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Zhang W, Lu L, Zhu Z, Deng F, Zhang W, Wang F, Zeng P, Shi H, Wang T, Chen Y, Song Y, Liu Y, Kang T, Li K, Mao J, Liu Z, Zhang L. A Manganese-Based Nanodriver Coordinates Tumor Prevention and Suppression through STING Activation in Glioblastoma. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2400421. [PMID: 38576069 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM), the most prevalent and aggressive primary malignant brain tumor, exhibits profound immunosuppression and demonstrates a low response rate to current immunotherapy strategies. Manganese cations (Mn2+) directly activate the cGAS/STING pathway and induce the unique catalytic synthesis of 2'3'-cGAMP to facilitate type I IFN production, thereby enhancing innate immunity. Here, a telodendrimer and Mn2+-based nanodriver (PLHM) with a small size is developed, which effectively target lymph nodes through the blood circulation and exhibit tumor-preventive effects at low doses of Mn2+ (3.7 mg kg-1). On the other hand, the PLHM nanodriver also exhibits apparent antitumor effects in GBM-bearing mice via inducing in vivo innate immune responses. The combination of PLHM with doxorubicin nanoparticles (PLHM-DOX NPs) results in superior inhibition of tumor growth in GBM-bearing mice due to the synergistic potentiation of STING pathway functionality by Mn2+ and the presence of cytoplasmic DNA. These findings demonstrate that PLHM-DOX NPs effectively stimulate innate immunity, promote dendritic cell maturation, and orchestrate cascaded infiltration of CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocytes within glioblastomas characterized by low immunogenicity. These nanodivers chelated with Mn2+ show promising potential for tumor prevention and antitumor effects on glioblastoma by activating the STING pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyuan Zhang
- Shenzhen Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518000, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518116, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Liejing Lu
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Zheng Zhu
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710032, China
| | - Fuan Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wenchang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518116, China
| | - Fengyi Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ping Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Haonan Shi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yichi Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yue Song
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yiping Liu
- Shenzhen Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518000, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518116, China
| | - Tianze Kang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Kai Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jie Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518116, China
| | - Zhengwei Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518116, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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24
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Tian X, Ai J, Tian X, Wei X. cGAS-STING pathway agonists are promising vaccine adjuvants. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:1768-1799. [PMID: 38323921 DOI: 10.1002/med.22016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Adjuvants are of critical value in vaccine development as they act on enhancing immunogenicity of antigen and inducing long-lasting immunity. However, there are only a few adjuvants that have been approved for clinical use, which highlights the need for exploring and developing new adjuvants to meet the growing demand for vaccination. Recently, emerging evidence demonstrates that the cGAS-STING pathway orchestrates innate and adaptive immunity by generating type I interferon responses. Many cGAS-STING pathway agonists have been developed and tested in preclinical research for the treatment of cancer or infectious diseases with promising results. As adjuvants, cGAS-STING agonists have demonstrated their potential to activate robust defense immunity in various diseases, including COVID-19 infection. This review summarized the current developments in the field of cGAS-STING agonists with a special focus on the latest applications of cGAS-STING agonists as adjuvants in vaccination. Potential challenges were also discussed in the hope of sparking future research interests to further the development of cGAS-STING as vaccine adjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Tian
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Jiayuan Ai
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohe Tian
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
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25
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Pouxe M, Abdulkarim A, de Vallière S, Seremet T, Favrat B, Kokkinakis I. Diagnosis and management of COVID toes in outpatients: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2024; 18:307. [PMID: 38937799 PMCID: PMC11212274 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-024-04626-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the beginning of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, the most common skin lesions observed due to infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 are pseudochilblains (or coronavirus disease toes). However, this pathology remains infrequent and difficult to diagnose, as no specific test exists. CASE PRESENTATION Two Caucasian women, 30 and 22 years old, presented to our General Medicine Unit with perniosis lesions on the feet during the first two waves of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. They did not have respiratory or general symptoms of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction on nasopharyngeal swabs was negative, and the serology was positive only in the first case. The clinical presentation differed for the two cases, as the second patient suffered from swelling and burning after cold application. The diagnosis was based on clinical presentation, temporality, exclusion of other differential diagnoses, and blood test results (positive serology in the first case and high level of CXCL13 and VEGF in the second), supported by current literature. Lesions resolved spontaneously in the first patient. The second case was hospitalized for pain management and received corticosteroid therapy with resolution of the symptoms. CONCLUSION These two cases with different clinical presentations illustrate the diagnostic approach to coronavirus disease 2019, a challenging disease with diverse manifestations, including, in some cases, coronavirus disease toes. We present a literature review that illustrates the progression of scientific research. Skin lesions associated with coronavirus disease 2019 infection could be the expression of an important interferon type 1 response and should be considered in the differential diagnosis in a primary care setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Pouxe
- University Center for Primary Care and Public Health, Unisanté, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aziz Abdulkarim
- University Center for Primary Care and Public Health, Unisanté, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Serge de Vallière
- University Center for Primary Care and Public Health, Unisanté, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Service of Infectious Diseases, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Teofila Seremet
- Service of Dermatology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bernard Favrat
- University Center for Primary Care and Public Health, Unisanté, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ioannis Kokkinakis
- University Center for Primary Care and Public Health, Unisanté, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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26
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Zhao E, Chen J, Qiu D, Liang R, Lu D, Tan W, Qin Y, Liu Q. STING-deficiency in lung resident mesenchymal stromal cells contributes to the alleviation of LPS-induced lung injury. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 714:149973. [PMID: 38657444 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by acute diffuse inflammatory lung injury with a high mortality rate. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are pluripotent adult cells that can be extracted from a variety of tissues, including the lung. Lung-resident MSC (LR-MSC) located around vascular vessels and act as important regulators of lung homeostasis, regulating the balance between lung injury and repair processes. LR-MSC support the integrity of lung tissue by modulating immune responses and releasing trophic factors. Studies have reported that the STING pathway is involved in the progression of lung injury inflammation, but the specific mechanism is unclear. In this study, we found that STING deficiency could ameliorate lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced acute lung injury, STING knockout (STING KO) LR-MSC had an enhanced treatment effect on acute lung injury. STING depletion protected LR-MSC from LPS-induced apoptosis. RNA-sequencing and Western blot results showed that STING KO LR-MSC expressed higher levels of MSC immunoregulatory molecules, such as Igfbp4, Icam1, Hgf and Cox2, than WT LR-MSC. This study highlights that LR-MSC have a therapeutic role in acute lung injury, and we demonstrate that STING deficiency can enhance the immunomodulatory function of LR-MSC in controlling lung inflammation. Thus, STING can be used as an intervention target to enhance the therapeutic effect of MSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erming Zhao
- Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Jiawen Chen
- Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Dongbo Qiu
- Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Rukang Liang
- Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Di Lu
- Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Weikeng Tan
- Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Yunfei Qin
- Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Qiuli Liu
- Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
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27
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Qi H, Ma QH, Feng W, Chen SM, Wu CS, Wang Y, Wang TX, Hou YL, Jia ZH. Glycyrrhetinic acid blocks SARS-CoV-2 infection by activating the cGAS-STING signalling pathway. Br J Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38922702 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) played an important role in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic, but the scientific basis and its active ingredients are still weakly studied. This study aims to decipher the underlying anti-SARS-CoV-2 mechanisms of glycyrrhetinic acid (GA). EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH GA's anti-SARS-CoV-2 effect was verified both in vitro and in vivo. Homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence assays, biolayer interferometry technology, and molecular docking were employed to examine interactions of GA with human stimulator of interferon genes (hSTING). Immunofluorescence staining, western blot, and RT-qPCR were used to investigate nuclear translocation of interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) and levels of STING target genes. Pharmacokinetics of GA was studied in mice. KEY RESULTS GA could directly bind to Ser162 and Tyr240 residues of hSTING, thus up-regulating downstream targets and activation of the STING signalling pathway. Such activation is crucial for limiting the replication of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron in Calu-3 cells and protecting against lung injury induced by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection in K18-ACE2 transgenic mice. Immunofluorescence staining and western blot indicated that GA increased levels of phosphorylated STING, phosphorylated TANK-binding kinase-1, and cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS). Importantly, GA increased nuclear translocation of IRF3. Pharmacokinetic analysis of GA in mice indicated it can be absorbed into circulation and detected in the lung at a stable level. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Activation of the cGAS-STING pathway through the GA-STING-IRF3 axis is essential for the antiviral activity of GA in mice, providing new insights into the potential translation of GA for treating SARS-CoV-2 in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Qi
- Hebei Academy of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, China
- New Drug Evaluation Center, Shijiazhuang Yiling Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Qin-Hai Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Feng
- Hebei Academy of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Si-Mian Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Cai-Sheng Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Hebei Academy of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Tong-Xing Wang
- Hebei Academy of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yun-Long Hou
- Hebei Academy of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, China
- New Drug Evaluation Center, Shijiazhuang Yiling Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Jia
- Hebei Academy of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, China
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28
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Wang Y, Meraz IM, Qudratullah M, Kotagiri S, Han Y, Xi Y, Wang J, Lissanu Y. SMARCA4 mutation induces tumor cell-intrinsic defects in enhancer landscape and resistance to immunotherapy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.18.599431. [PMID: 38948751 PMCID: PMC11212967 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.18.599431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Cancer genomic studies have identified frequent alterations in components of the SWI/SNF (SWItch/Sucrose Non- Fermenting) chromatin remodeling complex including SMARCA4 and ARID1A . Importantly, clinical reports indicate that SMARCA4 -mutant lung cancers respond poorly to immunotherapy and have dismal prognosis. However, the mechanistic basis of immunotherapy resistance is unknown. Here, we corroborated the clinical findings by using immune-humanized, syngeneic, and genetically engineered mouse models of lung cancer harboring SMARCA4 deficiency. Specifically, we show that SMARCA4 loss caused decreased response to anti-PD1 immunotherapy associated with significantly reduced infiltration of dendritic cells (DCs) and CD4+ T cells into the tumor microenvironment (TME). Mechanistically, we show that SMARCA4 loss in tumor cells led to profound downregulation of STING, IL1β and other components of the innate immune system as well as inflammatory cytokines that are required for efficient recruitment and activity of immune cells. We establish that this deregulation of gene expression is caused by cancer cell-intrinsic reprogramming of the enhancer landscape with marked loss of chromatin accessibility at enhancers of genes involved in innate immune response such as STING, IL1β, type I IFN and inflammatory cytokines. Interestingly, we observed that transcription factor NF-κB binding motif was highly enriched in enhancers that lose accessibility upon SMARCA4 deficiency. Finally, we confirmed that SMARCA4 and NF-κB co-occupy the same genomic loci on enhancers associated with STING and IL1β, indicating a functional interplay between SMARCA4 and NF-κB. Taken together, our findings provide the mechanistic basis for the poor response of SMARCA4 -mutant tumors to anti-PD1 immunotherapy and establish a functional link between SMARCA4 and NF-κB on innate immune and inflammatory gene expression regulation.
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29
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Gray-Gaillard SL, Solis SM, Chen HM, Monteiro C, Ciabattoni G, Samanovic MI, Cornelius AR, Williams T, Geesey E, Rodriguez M, Ortigoza MB, Ivanova EN, Koralov SB, Mulligan MJ, Herati RS. SARS-CoV-2 inflammation durably imprints memory CD4 T cells. Sci Immunol 2024; 9:eadj8526. [PMID: 38905326 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adj8526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Memory CD4 T cells are critical to human immunity, yet it is unclear whether viral inflammation during memory formation has long-term consequences. Here, we compared transcriptional and epigenetic landscapes of Spike (S)-specific memory CD4 T cells in 24 individuals whose first exposure to S was via SARS-CoV-2 infection or mRNA vaccination. Nearly 2 years after memory formation, S-specific CD4 T cells established by infection remained enriched for transcripts related to cytotoxicity and for interferon-stimulated genes, likely because of a chromatin accessibility landscape altered by inflammation. Moreover, S-specific CD4 T cells primed by infection had reduced proliferative capacity in vitro relative to vaccine-primed cells. Furthermore, the transcriptional state of S-specific memory CD4 T cells was minimally altered by booster immunization and/or breakthrough infection. Thus, infection-associated inflammation durably imprints CD4 T cell memory, which affects the function of these cells and may have consequences for long-term immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie L Gray-Gaillard
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sabrina M Solis
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Han M Chen
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Clarice Monteiro
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Grace Ciabattoni
- Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marie I Samanovic
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amber R Cornelius
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tijaana Williams
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emilie Geesey
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Miguel Rodriguez
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mila Brum Ortigoza
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ellie N Ivanova
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sergei B Koralov
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mark J Mulligan
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ramin Sedaghat Herati
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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30
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Andres-Martin F, James C, Catalfamo M. IL-27 expression regulation and its effects on adaptive immunity against viruses. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1395921. [PMID: 38966644 PMCID: PMC11222398 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1395921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
IL-27, a member of the IL-6/IL-12 cytokine superfamily, is primarily secreted by antigen presenting cells, specifically by dendric cells, macrophages and B cells. IL-27 has antiviral activities and modulates both innate and adaptive immune responses against viruses. The role of IL-27 in the setting of viral infections is not well defined and both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory functions have been described. Here, we discuss the latest advancements in the role of IL-27 in several viral infection models of human disease. We highlight important aspects of IL-27 expression regulation, the critical cell sources at different stages of the infection and their impact in cell mediated immunity. Lastly, we discuss the need to better define the antiviral and modulatory (pro-inflammatory vs anti-inflammatory) properties of IL-27 in the context of human chronic viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marta Catalfamo
- Department of Microbiology Immunology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, United States
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Mertens RT, Misra A, Xiao P, Baek S, Rone JM, Mangani D, Sivanathan KN, Arojojoye AS, Awuah SG, Lee I, Shi GP, Petrova B, Brook JR, Anderson AC, Flavell RA, Kanarek N, Hemberg M, Nowarski R. A metabolic switch orchestrated by IL-18 and the cyclic dinucleotide cGAMP programs intestinal tolerance. Immunity 2024:S1074-7613(24)00305-4. [PMID: 38906145 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Tissues are exposed to diverse inflammatory challenges that shape future inflammatory responses. While cellular metabolism regulates immune function, how metabolism programs and stabilizes immune states within tissues and tunes susceptibility to inflammation is poorly understood. Here, we describe an innate immune metabolic switch that programs long-term intestinal tolerance. Intestinal interleukin-18 (IL-18) stimulation elicited tolerogenic macrophages by preventing their proinflammatory glycolytic polarization via metabolic reprogramming to fatty acid oxidation (FAO). FAO reprogramming was triggered by IL-18 activation of SLC12A3 (NCC), leading to sodium influx, release of mitochondrial DNA, and activation of stimulator of interferon genes (STING). FAO was maintained in macrophages by a bistable switch that encoded memory of IL-18 stimulation and by intercellular positive feedback that sustained the production of macrophage-derived 2'3'-cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) and epithelial-derived IL-18. Thus, a tissue-reinforced metabolic switch encodes durable immune tolerance in the gut and may enable reconstructing compromised immune tolerance in chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall T Mertens
- Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Aditya Misra
- Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard-MIT Program in Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Peng Xiao
- Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Seungbyn Baek
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Joseph M Rone
- Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Davide Mangani
- Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kisha N Sivanathan
- Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Samuel G Awuah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA; Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation, College of Pharmacy and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Insuk Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; POSTECH Biotech Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Guo-Ping Shi
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Boryana Petrova
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jeannette R Brook
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ana C Anderson
- Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Richard A Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Naama Kanarek
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Martin Hemberg
- Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Roni Nowarski
- Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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Liu X, Ji L, Cheng Y, Kong L, Xie S, Yang J, Chen J, Wang Z, Ma J, Wang H, Yan Y, Sun J. Porcine deltacoronavirus nonstructural protein 2 inhibits type I and III IFN production by targeting STING for degradation. Vet Res 2024; 55:79. [PMID: 38886840 PMCID: PMC11184774 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-024-01330-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is an enteropathogenic coronavirus that has been reported to use various strategies to counter the host antiviral innate immune response. The cGAS-STING signalling pathway plays an important role in antiviral innate immunity. However, it remains unclear whether PDCoV achieves immune evasion by regulating the cGAS-STING pathway. Here, we demonstrated that the nonstructural protein 2 (nsp2) encoded by PDCoV inhibits cGAS-STING-mediated type I and III interferon (IFN) responses via the regulation of porcine STING (pSTING) stability. Mechanistically, ectopically expressed PDCoV nsp2 was found to interact with the N-terminal region of pSTING. Consequently, pSTING was degraded through K48-linked ubiquitination and the proteasomal pathway, leading to the disruption of cGAS-STING signalling. Furthermore, K150 and K236 of pSTING were identified as crucial residues for nsp2-mediated ubiquitination and degradation. In summary, our findings provide a basis for elucidating the immune evasion mechanism of PDCoV and will contribute to the development of targets for anti-coronavirus drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiqian Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Likai Ji
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuqiang Cheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Linghe Kong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Songhua Xie
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaqi Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaofei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjiao Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hengan Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaxian Yan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jianhe Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Li X, Mi Z, Liu Z, Rong P. SARS-CoV-2: pathogenesis, therapeutics, variants, and vaccines. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1334152. [PMID: 38939189 PMCID: PMC11208693 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1334152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), emerged in December 2019 with staggering economic fallout and human suffering. The unique structure of SARS-CoV-2 and its underlying pathogenic mechanism were responsible for the global pandemic. In addition to the direct damage caused by the virus, SARS-CoV-2 triggers an abnormal immune response leading to a cytokine storm, culminating in acute respiratory distress syndrome and other fatal diseases that pose a significant challenge to clinicians. Therefore, potential treatments should focus not only on eliminating the virus but also on alleviating or controlling acute immune/inflammatory responses. Current management strategies for COVID-19 include preventative measures and supportive care, while the role of the host immune/inflammatory response in disease progression has largely been overlooked. Understanding the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and its receptors, as well as the underlying pathogenesis, has proven to be helpful for disease prevention, early recognition of disease progression, vaccine development, and interventions aimed at reducing immunopathology have been shown to reduce adverse clinical outcomes and improve prognosis. Moreover, several key mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 genome sequence result in an enhanced binding affinity to the host cell receptor, or produce immune escape, leading to either increased virus transmissibility or virulence of variants that carry these mutations. This review characterizes the structural features of SARS-CoV-2, its variants, and their interaction with the immune system, emphasizing the role of dysfunctional immune responses and cytokine storm in disease progression. Additionally, potential therapeutic options are reviewed, providing critical insights into disease management, exploring effective approaches to deal with the public health crises caused by SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Li
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ze Mi
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Pengfei Rong
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Patel MN, Tiwari S, Wang Y, O'Neill S, Wu J, Omo-Lamai S, Espy C, Chase LS, Majumdar A, Hoffman E, Shah A, Sárközy A, Katzen J, Pardi N, Brenner JS. Enabling non-viral DNA delivery using lipid nanoparticles co-loaded with endogenous anti-inflammatory lipids. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.11.598533. [PMID: 38915627 PMCID: PMC11195186 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.11.598533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have transformed genetic medicine, recently shown by their use in COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. While loading LNPs with mRNA has many uses, loading DNA would provide additional advantages such as long-term expression and availability of promoter sequences. However, here we show that plasmid DNA (pDNA) delivery via LNPs (pDNA-LNPs) induces acute inflammation in naïve mice which we find is primarily driven by the cGAS-STING pathway. Inspired by DNA viruses that inhibit this pathway for replication, we co-loaded endogenous lipids that inhibit STING into pDNA-LNPs. Specifically, loading nitro-oleic acid (NOA) into pDNA-LNPs (NOA-pDNA-LNPs) ameliorates serious inflammatory responses in vivo enabling prolonged transgene expression (at least 1 month). Additionally, we demonstrate the ability to iteratively optimize NOA-pDNA-LNPs' expression by performing a small LNP formulation screen, driving up expression 50-fold in vitro. Thus, NOA-pDNA-LNPs, and pDNA-LNPs co-loaded with other bioactive molecules, will provide a major new tool in the genetic medicine toolbox, leveraging the power of DNA's long-term and promoter-controlled expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manthan N Patel
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sachchidanand Tiwari
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yufei Wang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sarah O'Neill
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jichuan Wu
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Serena Omo-Lamai
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering & Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Carolann Espy
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Liam S Chase
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering & Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Aparajeeta Majumdar
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Evan Hoffman
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anit Shah
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - András Sárközy
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jeremy Katzen
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Norbert Pardi
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jacob S Brenner
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Jiang ZZ, Chu M, Yan LN, Zhang WK, Li B, Xu J, Zhao ZX, Han HJ, Zhou CM, Yu XJ. SFTSV nucleoprotein mediates DNA sensor cGAS degradation to suppress cGAS-dependent antiviral responses. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0379623. [PMID: 38712963 PMCID: PMC11237745 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03796-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is an important DNA pattern recognition receptor that senses double-stranded DNA derived from invading pathogens or self DNA in cytoplasm, leading to an antiviral interferon response. A tick-borne Bunyavirus, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV), is an RNA virus that causes a severe emerging viral hemorrhagic fever in Asia with a high case fatality rate of up to 30%. However, it is unclear whether cGAS interacts with SFTSV infection. In this study, we found that SFTSV infection upregulated cGAS RNA transcription and protein expression, indicating that cGAS is an important innate immune response against SFTSV infection. The mechanism of cGAS recognizing SFTSV is by cGAS interacting with misplaced mitochondrial DNA in the cytoplasm. Depletion of mitochondrial DNA significantly inhibited cGAS activation under SFTSV infection. Strikingly, we found that SFTSV nucleoprotein (N) induced cGAS degradation in a dose-dependent manner. Mechanically, N interacted with the 161-382 domain of cGAS and linked the cGAS to LC3. The cGAS-N-LC3 trimer was targeted to N-induced autophagy, and the cGAS was degraded in autolysosome. Taken together, our study discovered a novel antagonistic mechanism of RNA viruses, SFTSV is able to suppress the cGAS-dependent antiviral innate immune responses through N-hijacking cGAS into N-induced autophagy. Our results indicated that SFTSV N is an important virulence factor of SFTSV in mediating host antiviral immune responses. IMPORTANCE Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is a tick-borne RNA virus that is widespread in East and Southeast Asian countries with a high fatality rate of up to 30%. Up to now, many cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptors, such as RIG-I, MDA5, and SAFA, have been reported to recognize SFTSV genomic RNA and trigger interferon-dependent antiviral responses. However, current knowledge is not clear whether SFTSV can be recognized by DNA sensor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS). Our study demonstrated that cGAS could recognize SFTSV infection via ectopic mitochondrial DNA, and the activated cGAS-stimulator of interferon genes signaling pathway could significantly inhibit SFTSV replication. Importantly, we further uncovered a novel mechanism of SFTSV to inhibit innate immune responses by the degradation of cGAS. cGAS was degraded in N-induced autophagy. Collectively, this study illustrated a novel virulence factor of SFTSV to suppress innate immune responses through autophagy-dependent cGAS degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-zheng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Min Chu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Li-na Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wen-kang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhong-xin Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Linyi People’s Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Hui-Ju Han
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chuan-min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xue-jie Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Rezabakhsh A, Sadaie MR, Ala A, Roosta Y, Habtemariam S, Sahebnasagh A, Khezri MR. STING agonists as promising vaccine adjuvants to boost immunogenicity against SARS-related coronavirus derived infection: possible role of autophagy. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:305. [PMID: 38831299 PMCID: PMC11145937 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01680-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
As a major component of innate immunity and a positive regulator of interferons, the Stimulator of interferon gene (STING) has an immunotherapy potential to govern a variety of infectious diseases. Despite the recent advances regarding vaccines against COVID-19, nontoxic novel adjuvants with the potential to enhance vaccine efficacy are urgently desired. In this connection, it has been well-documented that STING agonists are applied to combat COVID-19. This approach is of major significance for boosting immune responses most likely through an autophagy-dependent manner in susceptible individuals against infection induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus (SARS‑CoV‑2). Given that STING agonists exert substantial immunomodulatory impacts under a wide array of pathologic conditions, these agents could be considered novel adjuvants for enhancing immunogenicity against the SARS-related coronavirus. Here, we intend to discuss the recent advances in STING agonists' recruitment to boost innate immune responses upon vaccination against SARS-related coronavirus infections. In light of the primordial role of autophagy modulation, the potential of being an antiviral vaccine adjuvant was also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysa Rezabakhsh
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Madani specialized Heart Hospita, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, University St, Tabriz, 5166615573, Iran.
| | - M Reza Sadaie
- NovoMed Consulting, Biomedical Sciences, Germantown, Maryland, USA
| | - Alireza Ala
- Emergency and Trauma Care Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yousef Roosta
- Hematology, Immune Cell Therapy, and Stem Cells Transplantation Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Solomon Habtemariam
- Pharmacognosy Research and Herbal Analysis Services UK, University of Greenwich, Kent, UK
| | - Adeleh Sahebnasagh
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rafi Khezri
- Reproductive Health Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, 5715799313, Iran.
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Lyu S, Zhang T, Peng P, Cao D, Ma L, Yu Y, Dong Y, Qi X, Wei C. Involvement of cGAS/STING Signaling in the Pathogenesis of Candida albicans Keratitis: Insights From Genetic and Pharmacological Approaches. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:13. [PMID: 38848078 PMCID: PMC11166223 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.6.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Fungal keratitis (FK) is an invasive corneal infection associated with significant risk to vision. Although the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)/stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway has been recognized for its role in defending against viral infections, its involvement in FK still remains largely unclear. This study sought to elucidate the contribution of the cGAS/STING signaling pathway to the pathogenesis of FK. Methods The expression of cGAS/STING signaling components was assessed in a murine model of Candida albicans keratitis through RNA sequencing, western blot analysis, immunofluorescence staining, and real-time PCR. Both genetic (utilizing Sting1gt/gt mice) and pharmacological (using C176) interventions were employed to inhibit STING activity, allowing for the evaluation of resultant pathogenic alterations in FK using slit-lamp examination, clinical scoring, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, fungal culture, and RNA sequencing. Subconjunctival administration of the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome inhibitor MCC950 was performed to evaluate FK manifestations following STING activity blockade. Furthermore, the impact of the STING agonist diABZI on FK progression was investigated. Results Compared to uninfected corneas, those infected with C. albicans exhibited increased expression of cGAS/STING signaling components, as well as its elevated activity. Inhibiting cGAS/STING signaling exacerbated the advancement of FK, as evidenced by elevated clinical scores, augmented fungal load, and heightened inflammatory response, including NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis. Pharmacological inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome effectively mitigated the exacerbated FK by suppressing STING activity. Conversely, pre-activation of STING exacerbated FK progression compared to the PBS control, characterized by increased fungal burden and reinforced inflammatory infiltration. Conclusions This study demonstrates the essential role of the cGAS/STING signaling pathway in FK pathogenesis and highlights the necessity of its proper activation for the host against FK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanmei Lyu
- Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Peng Peng
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dingwen Cao
- Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Li Ma
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yang Yu
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanling Dong
- Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaolin Qi
- Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chao Wei
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
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Wang X, Zhou J, Li X, Liu C, Liu L, Cui H. The Role of Macrophages in Lung Fibrosis and the Signaling Pathway. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024; 82:479-488. [PMID: 38536578 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01253-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/25/2024]
Abstract
Lung fibrosis is a dysregulated repair process caused by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix that can severely affect respiratory function. Macrophages are a group of immune cells that have multiple functions and can perform a variety of roles. Lung fibrosis develops with the involvement of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic factors secreted by macrophages. The balance between M1 and M2 macrophages has been proposed to play a role in determining the trend and severity of lung fibrosis. New avenues and concepts for preventing and treating lung fibrosis have emerged in recent years through research on mitochondria, Gab proteins, and exosomes. The main topic of this essay is the impact that mitochondria, Gab proteins, and exosomes have on macrophage polarization. In addition, the potential of these factors as targets to enhance lung fibrosis is also explored. We have also collated the functions and mechanisms of signaling pathways associated with the regulation of macrophage polarization such as Notch, TGF-β/Smad, JAK-STAT and cGAS-STING. The goal of this article is to explain the potential benefits of focusing on macrophage polarization as a way to relieve lung fibrosis. We aspire to provide valuable insights that could lead to enhancements in the treatment of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingmei Wang
- Jilin Key Laboratory for Immune and Targeting Research on Common Allergic Diseases, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
- Center of Medical Functional Experiment, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Jiaxu Zhou
- Jilin Key Laboratory for Immune and Targeting Research on Common Allergic Diseases, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
- Center of Medical Functional Experiment, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Xinrui Li
- Jilin Key Laboratory for Immune and Targeting Research on Common Allergic Diseases, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
- Center of Medical Functional Experiment, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Jilin Key Laboratory for Immune and Targeting Research on Common Allergic Diseases, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
- Center of Medical Functional Experiment, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Lan Liu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China.
| | - Hong Cui
- Jilin Key Laboratory for Immune and Targeting Research on Common Allergic Diseases, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China.
- Center of Medical Functional Experiment, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China.
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Belosludtsev KN, Ilzorkina AI, Matveeva LA, Chulkov AV, Semenova AA, Dubinin MV, Belosludtseva NV. Effect of VBIT-4 on the functional activity of isolated mitochondria and cell viability. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2024; 1866:184329. [PMID: 38679309 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2024.184329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
VBIT-4 is a new inhibitor of the oligomerization of VDAC proteins of the outer mitochondrial membrane preventing the development of oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cell death in various pathologies. However, as a VDAC inhibitor, VBIT-4 may itself cause mitochondrial dysfunction in healthy cells. The article examines the effect of VBIT-4 on the functional activity of rat liver mitochondria and cell cultures. We have demonstrated that high concentrations of VBIT-4 (15-30 μM) suppressed mitochondrial respiration in state 3 and 3UDNP driven by substrates of complex I and II. VBIT-4 induced depolarization of organelles fueled by substrates of complex I but not complex II of the respiratory chain. VBIT-4 has been found to inhibit the activity of complexes I, III, and IV of the respiratory chain. Molecular docking demonstrated that VBIT-4 interacts with the rotenone-binding site in complex I with similar affinity. 15-30 μM VBIT-4 caused an increase in H2O2 production in mitochondria, decreased the Ca2+ retention capacity, but increased the time of Ca2+-dependent mitochondrial swelling. We have found that the incubation of breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) with 30 μM VBIT-4 for 48 h led to the decrease of the mitochondrial membrane potential, an increase in ROS production and death of MCF-7 cells. The mechanism of action of VBIT-4 on mitochondria and cells is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna I Ilzorkina
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, Pushchino, Moscow region 142290, Russia
| | | | | | - Alena A Semenova
- Mari State University, pl. Lenina 1, Yoshkar-Ola, Mari El 424001, Russia
| | - Mikhail V Dubinin
- Mari State University, pl. Lenina 1, Yoshkar-Ola, Mari El 424001, Russia
| | - Natalia V Belosludtseva
- Mari State University, pl. Lenina 1, Yoshkar-Ola, Mari El 424001, Russia; Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, Pushchino, Moscow region 142290, Russia
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Li H, Qian J, Wang Y, Wang J, Mi X, Qu L, Song N, Xie J. Potential convergence of olfactory dysfunction in Parkinson's disease and COVID-19: The role of neuroinflammation. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 97:102288. [PMID: 38580172 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder that affects 7-10 million individuals worldwide. A common early symptom of PD is olfactory dysfunction (OD), and more than 90% of PD patients suffer from OD. Recent studies have highlighted a high incidence of OD in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. This review investigates the potential convergence of OD in PD and COVID-19, particularly focusing on the mechanisms by which neuroinflammation contributes to OD and neurological events. Starting from our fundamental understanding of the olfactory bulb, we summarize the clinical features of OD and pathological features of the olfactory bulb from clinical cases and autopsy reports in PD patients. We then examine SARS-CoV-2-induced olfactory bulb neuropathology and OD and emphasize the SARS-CoV-2-induced neuroinflammatory cascades potentially leading to PD manifestations. By activating microglia and astrocytes, as well as facilitating the aggregation of α-synuclein, SARS-CoV-2 could contribute to the onset or exacerbation of PD. We also discuss the possible contributions of NF-κB, the NLRP3 inflammasome, and the JAK/STAT, p38 MAPK, TLR4, IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 and cGAS-STING signaling pathways. Although olfactory dysfunction in patients with COVID-19 may be reversible, it is challenging to restore OD in patients with PD. With the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants and the recurrence of infections, we call for continued attention to the intersection between PD and SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially from the perspective of OD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Junliang Qian
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Youcui Wang
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoqing Mi
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Le Qu
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ning Song
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Junxia Xie
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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Wang J, Xie F, Jia X, Wang X, Kong L, Li Y, Liang X, Zhang M, He Y, Feng W, Luo T, Wang Y, Xu A. Fangchinoline induces antiviral response by suppressing STING degradation. J Pharm Anal 2024; 14:100972. [PMID: 39027910 PMCID: PMC11255895 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2024.100972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The stimulator of interferon genes (STING), an integral adaptor protein in the DNA-sensing pathway, plays a pivotal role in the innate immune response against infections. Additionally, it presents a valuable therapeutic target for infectious diseases and cancer. We observed that fangchinoline (Fan), a bis-benzylisoquinoline alkaloid (BBA), effectively impedes the replication of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV), influenza A virus (H1N1), and herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) in vitro. Fan treatment significantly reduced the viral load, attenuated tissue inflammation, and improved survival in a viral sepsis mouse model. Mechanistically, Fan activates the antiviral response in a STING-dependent manner, leading to increased expression of interferon (IFN) and interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) for potent antiviral effects in vivo and in vitro. Notably, Fan interacts with STING, preventing its degradation and thereby extending the activation of IFN-based antiviral responses. Collectively, our findings highlight the potential of Fan, which elicits antiviral immunity by suppressing STING degradation, as a promising candidate for antiviral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyong Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Fang Xie
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xin Jia
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xuejiao Wang
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Lingdong Kong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yiying Li
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xue Liang
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Meiqi Zhang
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yuting He
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wandi Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Tong Luo
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yao Wang
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Anlong Xu
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
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Li XJY, Qu JR, Zhang YH, Liu RP. The dual function of cGAS-STING signaling axis in liver diseases. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:1115-1129. [PMID: 38233527 PMCID: PMC11130165 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01220-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Numerous liver diseases, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatitis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury, have been increasingly prevalent, posing significant threats to global health. In recent decades, there has been increasing evidence linking the dysregulation of cyclic-GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon gene (STING)-related immune signaling to liver disorders. Both hyperactivation and deletion of STING can disrupt the immune microenvironment dysfunction, exacerbating liver disorders. Consequently, there has been a surge in research investigating medical agents or mediators targeting cGAS-STING signaling. Interestingly, therapeutic manipulation of the cGAS-STING pathway has yielded inconsistent and even contradictory effects on different liver diseases due to the distinct physiological characteristics of intrahepatic cells that express and respond to STING. In this review, we comprehensively summarize recent advancements in understanding the dual roles of the STING pathway, highlighting that the benefits of targeting STING signaling depend on the specific types of target cells and stages of liver injury. Additionally, we offer a novel perspective on the suitability of STING agonists and antagonists for clinical assessment. In conclusion, STING signaling remains a highly promising therapeutic target, and the development of STING pathway modulators holds great potential for the treatment of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jiao-Yang Li
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Jiao-Rong Qu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yin-Hao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Run-Ping Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Beijing, 100029, China.
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43
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Malireddi RKS, Sharma BR, Kanneganti TD. Innate Immunity in Protection and Pathogenesis During Coronavirus Infections and COVID-19. Annu Rev Immunol 2024; 42:615-645. [PMID: 38941608 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-083122-043545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic was caused by the recently emerged β-coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 has had a catastrophic impact, resulting in nearly 7 million fatalities worldwide to date. The innate immune system is the first line of defense against infections, including the detection and response to SARS-CoV-2. Here, we discuss the innate immune mechanisms that sense coronaviruses, with a focus on SARS-CoV-2 infection and how these protective responses can become detrimental in severe cases of COVID-19, contributing to cytokine storm, inflammation, long-COVID, and other complications. We also highlight the complex cross talk among cytokines and the cellular components of the innate immune system, which can aid in viral clearance but also contribute to inflammatory cell death, cytokine storm, and organ damage in severe COVID-19 pathogenesis. Furthermore, we discuss how SARS-CoV-2 evades key protective innate immune mechanisms to enhance its virulence and pathogenicity, as well as how innate immunity can be therapeutically targeted as part of the vaccination and treatment strategy. Overall, we highlight how a comprehensive understanding of innate immune mechanisms has been crucial in the fight against SARS-CoV-2 infections and the development of novel host-directed immunotherapeutic strategies for various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Subbarao Malireddi
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA;
| | - Bhesh Raj Sharma
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA;
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44
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Dai B, Ji W, Zhu P, Han S, Chen Y, Jin Y. Update on Omicron variant and its threat to vulnerable populations. PUBLIC HEALTH IN PRACTICE 2024; 7:100494. [PMID: 38584806 PMCID: PMC10998192 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhip.2024.100494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To reduce the incidence of severe illness and fatalities, and promote the awareness of protection and precaution, increased vaccination, strengthen the physical fitness, frequent ventilation, and health education should be enhanced among vulnerable populations as essential measures for the future control of COVID-19. Study design Systematic review. Method The search was done using PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science for studies without language restrictions, published up through March 2023, since their authoritative and comprehensive literature search database. Eighty articles were included. Extraction of articles and quality assessment of included reviews was performed independently by two authors using the AMSTAR 2 score. Results The articles in the final data set included research on epidemiological characteristics, pathogenicity, available vaccines, treatments and epidemiological features in special populations including the elders, pregnant women, kids, people with chronic diseases concerning Omicron. Conclusion Although less pathogenic potential is found in Omicron, highly mutated forms have enhanced the ability of immune evasion and resistance to existing vaccines compared with former variants. Severe complications and outcomes may occur in vulnerable populations. Infected pregnant women are more likely to give birth prematurely, and fatal implications in children infected with Omicron are hyperimmune response and severe neurological disorders. In immunocompromised patients, there is a greater reported mortality and complication compared to patients with normal immune systems. Therefore, maintain social distancing, wear masks, and receive vaccinations are effective long-term measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Dai
- Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Wangquan Ji
- Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Peiyu Zhu
- Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Shujie Han
- Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yuefei Jin
- Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
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45
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Wang MM, Zhao Y, Liu J, Fan RR, Tang YQ, Guo ZY, Li T. The role of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway in viral infections, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024:10.1038/s41401-023-01185-5. [PMID: 38822084 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01185-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Pattern recognition receptors are an essential part of the immune system, which detect pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and help shape both innate and adaptive immune responses. When dsDNA is present, cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase (cGAS) produces a second messenger called cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP), which then triggers an adaptor protein called STING, and eventually activates the expression of type I interferon (IFN) and pro-inflammatory cytokines in immune cells. The cGAS-STING signaling pathway has been receiving a lot of attention lately as a key immune-surveillance mediator. In this review, we summarize the present circumstances of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway in viral infections and inflammatory diseases, as well as autoimmune diseases. Modulation of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway provides potential strategies for treating viral infections, inflammatory diseases, and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Juan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Rong-Rong Fan
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, 14183, Sweden
| | - Yan-Qing Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Zheng-Yang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, 999078, China.
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Qin Y, Wang M, Meng X, Wang M, Jiang H, Gao Y, Li J, Zhao C, Han C, Zhao W, Zheng X. ISGylation by HERCs facilitates STING activation. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114135. [PMID: 38652662 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Optimal activation of stimulator of interferon genes (STING) protein is crucial for host defenses against pathogens and avoiding detrimental effects. Various post-translational modifications control STING activity. However, the function of interferon (IFN)-stimulated gene (ISG) 15 modification (ISGylation) in controlling STING stability and activation is unclear. Here, we show that the E3 ISGylation ligases HECT domain- and RCC1-like domain-containing proteins (HERCs; HERC5 in humans and HERC6 in mice) facilitate STING activation by mediating ISGylation of STING at K150, preventing its K48-linked ubiquitination and degradation. Concordantly, Herc6 deficiency suppresses herpes simplex virus 1 infection-induced type I IFN responses and facilitates viral replication both in vitro and in vivo. Notably, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 protein papain-like protease cleaves HERC5-mediated ISGylation of STING, suppressing host antiviral responses. These data identify a mechanism by which HERCs-mediated ISGylation controls STING stability and activation and uncover the correlations and interactions of ISGylation and ubiquitination during STING activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Qin
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Chinese Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xintong Meng
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Chinese Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mengge Wang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Chinese Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Haojia Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Chinese Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yanjie Gao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Chinese Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jingxin Li
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Chinese Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chunyuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Chinese Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chaofeng Han
- Department of Histology and Embryology and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Chinese Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Department of Histology and Embryology and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xuexing Zheng
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Marques E, Kramer R, Ryan DG. Multifaceted mitochondria in innate immunity. NPJ METABOLIC HEALTH AND DISEASE 2024; 2:6. [PMID: 38812744 PMCID: PMC11129950 DOI: 10.1038/s44324-024-00008-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
The ability of mitochondria to transform the energy we obtain from food into cell phosphorylation potential has long been appreciated. However, recent decades have seen an evolution in our understanding of mitochondria, highlighting their significance as key signal-transducing organelles with essential roles in immunity that extend beyond their bioenergetic function. Importantly, mitochondria retain bacterial motifs as a remnant of their endosymbiotic origin that are recognised by innate immune cells to trigger inflammation and participate in anti-microbial defence. This review aims to explore how mitochondrial physiology, spanning from oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) to signalling of mitochondrial nucleic acids, metabolites, and lipids, influences the effector functions of phagocytes. These myriad effector functions include macrophage polarisation, efferocytosis, anti-bactericidal activity, antigen presentation, immune signalling, and cytokine regulation. Strict regulation of these processes is critical for organismal homeostasis that when disrupted may cause injury or contribute to disease. Thus, the expanding body of literature, which continues to highlight the central role of mitochondria in the innate immune system, may provide insights for the development of the next generation of therapies for inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloïse Marques
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Robbin Kramer
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Dylan G. Ryan
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Golden TN, Mani S, Linn RL, Leite R, Trigg NA, Wilson A, Anton L, Mainigi M, Conine CC, Kaufman BA, Strauss JF, Parry S, Simmons RA. Extracellular vesicles alter trophoblast function in pregnancies complicated by COVID-19. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.17.580824. [PMID: 38464046 PMCID: PMC10925147 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.17.580824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and resulting coronavirus disease (COVID-19) causes placental dysfunction, which increases the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. While abnormal placental pathology resulting from COVID-19 is common, direct infection of the placenta is rare. This suggests that pathophysiology associated with maternal COVID-19, rather than direct placental infection, is responsible for placental dysfunction and alteration of the placental transcriptome. We hypothesized that maternal circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs), altered by COVID-19 during pregnancy, contribute to placental dysfunction. To examine this hypothesis, we characterized maternal circulating EVs from pregnancies complicated by COVID-19 and tested their effects on trophoblast cell physiology in vitro . We found that the gestational timing of COVID-19 is a major determinant of circulating EV function and cargo. In vitro trophoblast exposure to EVs isolated from patients with an active infection at the time of delivery, but not EVs isolated from Controls, altered key trophoblast functions including hormone production and invasion. Thus, circulating EVs from participants with an active infection, both symptomatic and asymptomatic cases, can disrupt vital trophoblast functions. EV cargo differed between participants with COVID-19 and Controls, which may contribute to the disruption of the placental transcriptome and morphology. Our findings show that COVID-19 can have effects throughout pregnancy on circulating EVs and circulating EVs are likely to participate in placental dysfunction induced by COVID-19.
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VanPortfliet JJ, Chute C, Lei Y, Shutt TE, West AP. Mitochondrial DNA release and sensing in innate immune responses. Hum Mol Genet 2024; 33:R80-R91. [PMID: 38779772 PMCID: PMC11112387 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddae031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are pleiotropic organelles central to an array of cellular pathways including metabolism, signal transduction, and programmed cell death. Mitochondria are also key drivers of mammalian immune responses, functioning as scaffolds for innate immune signaling, governing metabolic switches required for immune cell activation, and releasing agonists that promote inflammation. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a potent immunostimulatory agonist, triggering pro-inflammatory and type I interferon responses in a host of mammalian cell types. Here we review recent advances in how mtDNA is detected by nucleic acid sensors of the innate immune system upon release into the cytoplasm and extracellular space. We also discuss how the interplay between mtDNA release and sensing impacts cellular innate immune endpoints relevant to health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordyn J VanPortfliet
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, United States
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, School of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX 77807, United States
| | - Cole Chute
- Departments of Medical Genetics and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Yuanjiu Lei
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, United States
| | - Timothy E Shutt
- Departments of Medical Genetics and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - A Phillip West
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, United States
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, School of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX 77807, United States
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Morrison AI, Sjoerds MJ, Vonk LA, Gibbs S, Koning JJ. In vitro immunity: an overview of immunocompetent organ-on-chip models. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1373186. [PMID: 38835750 PMCID: PMC11148285 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1373186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Impressive advances have been made to replicate human physiology in vitro over the last few years due to the growth of the organ-on-chip (OoC) field in both industrial and academic settings. OoCs are a type of microphysiological system (MPS) that imitates functional and dynamic aspects of native human organ biology on a microfluidic device. Organoids and organotypic models, ranging in their complexity from simple single-cell to complex multi-cell type constructs, are being incorporated into OoC microfluidic devices to better mimic human physiology. OoC technology has now progressed to the stage at which it has received official recognition by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use as an alternative to standard procedures in drug development, such as animal studies and traditional in vitro assays. However, an area that is still lagging behind is the incorporation of the immune system, which is a critical element required to investigate human health and disease. In this review, we summarise the progress made to integrate human immunology into various OoC systems, specifically focusing on models related to organ barriers and lymphoid organs. These models utilise microfluidic devices that are either commercially available or custom-made. This review explores the difference between the use of innate and adaptive immune cells and their role for modelling organ-specific diseases in OoCs. Immunocompetent multi-OoC models are also highlighted and the extent to which they recapitulate systemic physiology is discussed. Together, the aim of this review is to describe the current state of immune-OoCs, the limitations and the future perspectives needed to improve the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew I. Morrison
- Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mirthe J. Sjoerds
- Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Leander A. Vonk
- Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Susan Gibbs
- Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jasper J. Koning
- Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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