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Chung RS, Wong S, Lin D, Kokot NC, Sinha UK, Han AY. Mechanisms of crosstalk between the oropharyngeal microbiome and human papillomavirus in oropharyngeal carcinogenesis: a mini review. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1425545. [PMID: 39211550 PMCID: PMC11357953 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1425545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer globally. Notably, human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is on the rise, accounting for 70% of all OPSCC cases. Persistent high-risk HPV infection is linked to various cancers, but HPV infection alone is not sufficient to cause cancer. Advances in next-generation sequencing have improved our understanding of changes in the human microbiome of cancerous environments. Yet, there remains a dearth of knowledge on the impact of HPV-microbiome crosstalk in HPV-positive OPSCC. In this review, we examine what is known about the oropharyngeal microbiome and the compositional shifts in this microbiome in HPV-positive OPSCC. We also review potential mechanisms of crosstalk between HPV and specific microorganisms. Additional research is needed to understand these interactions and their roles on cancer development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Albert Y. Han
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Kumar P, Gupta S, Das BC. Saliva as a potential non-invasive liquid biopsy for early and easy diagnosis/prognosis of head and neck cancer. Transl Oncol 2024; 40:101827. [PMID: 38042138 PMCID: PMC10701368 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are the most devastating diseases in India and southeast Asia. It is a preventable and curable disease if detected early. Tobacco and alcohol consumption are the two major risk-factors but infection of high-risk HPVs are also associated with development of predominantly oral and oropharyngeal carcinomas. Interestingly, unlike cervical cancer, HPV-induced HNSCCs show good prognosis and better survival in contrast, majority of tobacco-associated HPV-ve HNSCCs are highly aggressive with poor clinical outcome. Biomarker analysis in circulatory body-fluids for early cancer diagnosis, prognosis and treatment monitoring are becoming important in clinical practice. Early diagnosis using non-invasive saliva for oral or other diseases plays an important role in successful treatment and better prognosis. Saliva mirrors the body's state of health as it comes into direct contact with oral lesions and needs no trained manpower to collect, making it a suitable bio-fluid of choice for screening. Saliva can be used to detect not only virus, bacteria and other biomarkers but variety of molecular and genetic markers for an early detection, treatment and monitoring cancer and other diseases. The performance of saliva-based diagnostics are reported to be highly (≥95 %) sensitive and specific indicating the test's ability to correctly identify true positive or negative cases. This review focuses on the potentials of saliva in the early detection of not only HPV or other pathogens but also identification of highly reliable gene mutations, oral-microbiomes, metabolites, salivary cytokines, non-coding RNAs and exosomal miRNAs. It also discusses the importance of saliva as a reliable, cost-effective and an easy alternative to invasive procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhat Kumar
- Stem Cell and Cancer Research Lab, Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida 201313, India
| | - Shilpi Gupta
- Stem Cell and Cancer Research Lab, Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida 201313, India
| | - Bhudev C Das
- Stem Cell and Cancer Research Lab, Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida 201313, India.
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Oberste M, Böse BE, Dos Anjos Borges LG, Junca H, Plumeier I, Kahl S, Simon F, Beule AG, Rudack C, Pieper DH. Effects of squamous cell carcinoma and smoking status on oropharyngeal and laryngeal microbial communities. Head Neck 2024; 46:145-160. [PMID: 37905455 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Still, little is known about microbial dysbiosis in oropharyngeal and laryngeal tissue as risk factor for development of local squamous cell carcinoma. The site-specific microbiota at these regions in healthy and cancer tissue and their modulation by environmental factors need to be defined. METHODS The local microbiota of cancer tissue and healthy controls was profiled by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and statistical analysis using 111 oropharyngeal and 72 laryngeal intraoperative swabs. RESULTS Oropharynx and larynx harbor distinct microbial communities. Clear effects of both smoking and cancer were seen in the oropharynx whereas effects in the larynx were minor. CONCLUSION The distinct microbial communities at larynx and oropharynx partially explain why the effects of cancer and smoking were distinct at those sites. Thus, the use of microbiota supposed to mirror community changes in another target location should be avoided and more studies on the actual cancerous environment are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Oberste
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Brit Elisabeth Böse
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Howard Junca
- Research Group Microbial Interactions and Processes, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Iris Plumeier
- Research Group Microbial Interactions and Processes, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Silke Kahl
- Research Group Microbial Interactions and Processes, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Frank Simon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Achim Georg Beule
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Claudia Rudack
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Dietmar H Pieper
- Research Group Microbial Interactions and Processes, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
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Constantin M, Chifiriuc MC, Mihaescu G, Vrancianu CO, Dobre EG, Cristian RE, Bleotu C, Bertesteanu SV, Grigore R, Serban B, Cirstoiu C. Implications of oral dysbiosis and HPV infection in head and neck cancer: from molecular and cellular mechanisms to early diagnosis and therapy. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1273516. [PMID: 38179168 PMCID: PMC10765588 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1273516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the sixth most common type of cancer, with more than half a million new cases annually. This review focuses on the role of oral dysbiosis and HPV infection in HNCs, presenting the involved taxons, molecular effectors and pathways, as well as the HPV-associated particularities of genetic and epigenetic changes and of the tumor microenvironment occurred in different stages of tumor development. Oral dysbiosis is associated with the evolution of HNCs, through multiple mechanisms such as inflammation, genotoxins release, modulation of the innate and acquired immune response, carcinogens and anticarcinogens production, generation of oxidative stress, induction of mutations. Thus, novel microbiome-derived biomarkers and interventions could significantly contribute to achieving the desideratum of personalized management of oncologic patients, regarding both early diagnosis and treatment. The results reported by different studies are not always congruent regarding the variations in the abundance of different taxons in HNCs. However, there is a consistent reporting of a higher abundance of Gram-negative species such as Fusobacterium, Leptotrichia, Treponema, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella, Bacteroidetes, Haemophilus, Veillonella, Pseudomonas, Enterobacterales, which are probably responsible of chronic inflammation and modulation of tumor microenvironment. Candida albicans is the dominant fungi found in oral carcinoma being also associated with shorter survival rate. Specific microbial signatures (e.g., F. nucleatum, Bacteroidetes and Peptostreptococcus) have been associated with later stages and larger tumor, suggesting their potential to be used as biomarkers for tumor stratification and prognosis. On the other hand, increased abundance of Corynebacterium, Kingella, Abiotrophia is associated with a reduced risk of HNC. Microbiome could also provide biomarkers for differentiating between oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers as well as between HPV-positive and HPV-negative tumors. Ongoing clinical trials aim to validate non-invasive tests for microbiome-derived biomarkers detection in oral and throat cancers, especially within high-risk populations. Oro-pharyngeal dysbiosis could also impact the HNCs therapy and associated side-effects of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. HPV-positive tumors harbor fewer mutations, as well as different DNA methylation pattern and tumor microenvironment. Therefore, elucidation of the molecular mechanisms by which oral microbiota and HPV infection influence the HNC initiation and progression, screening for HPV infection and vaccination against HPV, adopting a good oral hygiene, and preventing oral dysbiosis are important tools for advancing in the battle with this public health global challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Constantin
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology of Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, ICUB, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, ICUB, Bucharest, Romania
- Microbiology Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Life, Medical and Agricultural Sciences, Biological Sciences Section, Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Grigore Mihaescu
- Microbiology Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Corneliu Ovidiu Vrancianu
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, ICUB, Bucharest, Romania
- Microbiology Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- DANUBIUS Department, National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena-Georgiana Dobre
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, ICUB, Bucharest, Romania
- Immunology Department, “Victor Babes” National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Roxana-Elena Cristian
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, ICUB, Bucharest, Romania
- DANUBIUS Department, National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Coralia Bleotu
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, ICUB, Bucharest, Romania
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Department, Ştefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Serban Vifor Bertesteanu
- Coltea Clinical Hospital, ENT, Head & Neck Surgery Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raluca Grigore
- Coltea Clinical Hospital, ENT, Head & Neck Surgery Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan Serban
- University Emergency Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Catalin Cirstoiu
- University Emergency Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
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5
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Asili P, Mirahmad M, Rezaei P, Mahdavi M, Larijani B, Tavangar SM. The Association of Oral Microbiome Dysbiosis with Gastrointestinal Cancers and Its Diagnostic Efficacy. J Gastrointest Cancer 2023; 54:1082-1101. [PMID: 36600023 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-022-00901-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The second leading mortality cause in the world is cancer, making it a critical issue that impacts human health. As a result, scientists are looking for novel biomarkers for cancer detection. The oral microbiome, made up of approximately 700 species-level taxa, is a significant source for discovering novel biomarkers. In this review, we aimed to prepare a summary of research that has investigated the association between the oral microbiome and gastrointestinal cancers. METHODS We searched online scientific datasets including Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Eligibility criteria included human studies that reported abundances of the oral microbiome, or its diagnostic/prognostic performance in patients with gastrointestinal cancers. RESULTS Some phyla of the oral microbiome have a relationship with cancers. Some particular phyla of the oral microbiome that may be related to gastrointestinal cancers consist of Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Fusobacteria. Changes in the abundances of Porphyromonas, Fusobacterium, Prevotella, and Veillonella are correlated with carcinogenesis, and may be used for distinguishing cancer patients from healthy subjects. Oral, colorectal, pancreatic, and esophageal cancers are the most important cancers related to the oral microbiome. CONCLUSION The results of this study may help future research to select bacteria as an early diagnostic or prognostic biomarker of gastrointestinal cancer. Given the current state of our knowledge, additional research is required to comprehend the multiplex processes underlying the role of bacterial microbiota upon cancer progression and to characterize the complex microbiota-host interaction network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooria Asili
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Mirahmad
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Rezaei
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdavi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Tavangar
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Yu S, Chen J, Zhao Y, Yan F, Fan Y, Xia X, Shan G, Zhang P, Chen X. Oral-microbiome-derived signatures enable non-invasive diagnosis of laryngeal cancers. J Transl Med 2023; 21:438. [PMID: 37408030 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04285-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have uncovered that the microbiota in patients with head and neck cancers is significantly altered and may drive cancer development. However, there is limited data to explore the unique microbiota of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC), and little is known regarding whether the oral microbiota can be utilized as an early diagnostic biomarker. METHODS Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we characterized the microbiome of oral rinse and tissue samples from 77 patients with LSCC and 76 control patients with vocal polyps, and then performed bioinformatic analyses to identify taxonomic groups associated with clinicopathologic features. RESULTS Multiple bacterial genera exhibited significant differences in relative abundance when stratifying by histologic and tissue type. By exploiting the distinct microbial abundance and identifying the tumor-associated microbiota taxa between patients of LSCC and vocal polyps, we developed a predictive classifier by using rinse microbiota as key features for the diagnosis of LSCC with 85.7% accuracy. CONCLUSION This is the first evidence of taxonomical features based on the oral rinse microbiome that could diagnose LSCC. Our results revealed the oral rinse microbiome is an understudied source of clinical variation and represents a potential non-evasive biomarker of LSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Junru Chen
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fangxu Yan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Fan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Xia
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Guangliang Shan
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Rare Disease Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China.
| | - Xingming Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China.
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7
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Doğan B, Ayar B, Pirim D. Investigation of putative roles of smoking-associated salivary microbiome alterations on carcinogenesis by integrative in silico analysis. Comput Biol Chem 2023; 102:107805. [PMID: 36587566 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2022.107805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that cigarette smoking alters the salivary microbiome composition and affects the risk of various complex diseases including cancer. However, the potential role of the smoking-associated microbiome in cancer development remains unexplained. Here, the putative roles of smoking-related microbiome alterations in carcinogenesis were investigated by in silico analysis and suggested evidence can be further explored by experimental methodologies. The Disbiome database was used to extract smoking-associated microbial taxa in saliva and taxon set enrichment analysis (TSEA) was conducted to identify the gene sets associated with extracted microbial taxa. We further analyzed the expression profiles of identified genes by using RNA-sequencing data from TCGA and GTEx projects. Associations of the genes with smoking-related phenotypes in cancer datasets were analyzed to prioritize genes for their interplay between smoking-related microbiome and carcinogenesis. Thirty-eight microbial taxa associated with smoking were included in the TSEA and this revealed sixteen genes that were significantly associated with smoking-associated microbial taxa. All genes were found to be differentially expressed in at least one cancer dataset, yet the ELF3 and CTSH were the most common differentially expressed genes giving significant results for several cancer types. Moreover, C2CD3, CTSH, DSC3, ELF3, RHOT2, and WSB2 showed statistically significant associations with smoking-related phenotypes in cancer datasets. This study provides in silico evidence for the potential roles of the salivary microbiome on carcinogenesis. The results shed light on the importance of smoking cessation strategies for cancer management and interventions to stratify smokers for their risk of smoking-induced carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berkcan Doğan
- Bursa Uludag University, Institute of Health Science, Department of Translational Medicine, 16059 Bursa, Turkey; Bursa Uludag University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, 16059 Bursa, Turkey
| | - Berna Ayar
- Bursa Uludag University, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, 16059 Bursa, Turkey; Istinye University, Institute of Health Science, Department of Molecular Oncology, 34010 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilek Pirim
- Bursa Uludag University, Institute of Health Science, Department of Translational Medicine, 16059 Bursa, Turkey; Bursa Uludag University, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, 16059 Bursa, Turkey.
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8
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Dysbiosis in Head and Neck Cancer: Determining Optimal Sampling Site for Oral Microbiome Collection. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11121550. [PMID: 36558884 PMCID: PMC9785010 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11121550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent research suggests that dysbiosis of the oral microbial community is associated with head and neck cancer (HNC). It remains unclear whether this dysbiosis causes chemo-radiotherapy (CRT)-related complications. However, to address this question, it is essential to determine the most representative oral site for microbiome sampling. In this study, our purpose was to determine the optimal site for oral sample collection and whether the presence of HNC is associated with altered oral microbiome from this site. In 21 newly diagnosed HNC patients and 27 healthy controls, microbiome samples were collected from saliva, swabs from buccal mucosa, tongue, hard palate, faucial pillars and all mucosal sites combined. Microbial DNA was extracted and underwent 16S rRNA amplicon gene sequencing. In healthy controls, analysis of observed taxonomic units detected differences in alpha- and beta-diversity between sampling sites. Saliva was found to have the highest intra-community microbial diversity and lowest within-subject (temporal) and between-subject variance. Feature intersection showed that most species were shared between all sites, with saliva demonstrating the most unique species as well as highest overlap with other sites. In HNC patients, saliva was found to have the highest diversity but differences between sites were not statistically significant. Across all sites, HNC patients had lower alpha diversity than healthy controls. Beta-diversity analysis showed HNC patients' microbiome to be compositionally distinct from healthy controls. This pattern was confirmed when the salivary microbiome was considered alone. HNC patients exhibited reduced diversity of the oral microbiome. Salivary samples demonstrate temporal stability, have the richest diversity and are sufficient to detect perturbation due to presence of HNC. Hence, they can be used as representative oral samples for microbiome studies in HNC patients.
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DeLouize AM, Eick G, Karam SD, Snodgrass JJ. Current and future applications of biomarkers in samples collected through minimally invasive methods for cancer medicine and population-based research. Am J Hum Biol 2022; 34:e23665. [PMID: 34374148 PMCID: PMC9894104 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in cancer medicine and research, invasive and potentially risky procedures such as biopsies, venous blood tests, imaging, colonoscopy, and pap smear tests are still primarily used for screening, staging, and assessing response to therapy. The development and interdisciplinary use of biomarkers from urine, feces, saliva, scent, and capillary blood collected with minimally invasive methods represents a potential opportunity for integration with biomarker analysis for cancers, both in clinical practice (e.g., in screening, treatment, and disease monitoring, and improved quality of life for patients) and population-based research (e.g., in epidemiology/public health, studies of social and environmental determinants, and evolutionary medicine). In this article, we review the scientific rationale, benefits, challenges, and potential opportunities for measuring cancer-related biomarkers in samples collected through minimally invasive methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Geeta Eick
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | - Sana D. Karam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - J. Josh Snodgrass
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
- Center for Global Health, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
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10
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Reis Ferreira M, Pasto A, Ng T, Patel V, Guerrero Urbano T, Sears C, Wade WG. The microbiota and radiotherapy for head and neck cancer: What should clinical oncologists know? Cancer Treat Rev 2022; 109:102442. [PMID: 35932549 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2022.102442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is a linchpin in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HN-SCC) treatment. Modulating tumour and/or normal tissue biology offers opportunities to further develop HN-SCC radiotherapy. The microbiota, which can exhibit homeostatic properties and be a modulator of immunity, has recently received considerable interest from the Oncology community. Microbiota research in head and neck oncology has also flourished. However, available data are difficult to interpret for clinical and radiation oncologists. In this review, we focus on how microbiota research can contribute to the improvement of radiotherapy for HN-SCC, focusing on how current and future research can be translated back to the clinic. We include in-depth discussions about the microbiota, its multiple habitats and relevance to human physiology, mechanistic interactions with HN-SCC, available evidence on microbiota and HNC oncogenesis, efficacy and toxicity of treatment. We discuss clinically-relevant areas such as the role of the microbiota as a predictive and prognostic biomarker, as well as the potential of leveraging the microbiota and its interactions with immunity to improve treatment results. Importantly, we draw parallels with other cancers where research is more mature. We map out future directions of research and explain clinical implications in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Reis Ferreira
- King's College London, London, UK; Guys and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| | | | - Tony Ng
- King's College London, London, UK
| | - Vinod Patel
- King's College London, London, UK; Guys and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Cynthia Sears
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
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11
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Frank DN, Qiu Y, Cao Y, Zhang S, Lu L, Kofonow JM, Robertson CE, Liu Y, Wang H, Levens CL, Kuhn KA, Song J, Ramakrishnan VR, Lu SL. A dysbiotic microbiome promotes head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oncogene 2022; 41:1269-1280. [PMID: 35087236 PMCID: PMC8882136 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-02137-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have reported dysbiotic oral microbiota and tumor-resident bacteria in human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We aimed to identify and validate oral microbial signatures in treatment-naïve HNSCC patients compared with healthy control subjects. We confirm earlier reports that the relative abundances of Lactobacillus spp. and Neisseria spp. are elevated and diminished, respectively, in human HNSCC. In parallel, we examined the disease-modifying effects of microbiota in HNSCC, through both antibiotic depletion of microbiota in an induced HNSCC mouse model (4-Nitroquinoline 1-oxide, 4NQO) and reconstitution of tumor-associated microbiota in a germ-free orthotopic mouse model. We demonstrate that depletion of microbiota delays oral tumorigenesis, while microbiota transfer from mice with oral cancer accelerates tumorigenesis. Enrichment of Lactobacillus spp. was also observed in murine HNSCC, and activation of the aryl-hydrocarbon receptor was documented in both murine and human tumors. Together, our findings support the hypothesis that dysbiosis promotes HNSCC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel N Frank
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Yue Qiu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First University Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Shuguang Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ling Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jennifer M Kofonow
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Charles E Robertson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Yanqiu Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Haibo Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Cassandra L Levens
- Division of Rheumatology and the Mucosal Inflammation Program, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kristine A Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology and the Mucosal Inflammation Program, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - John Song
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Vijay R Ramakrishnan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Shi-Long Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA.
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12
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Mougeot JLC, Beckman MF, Langdon HC, Lalla RV, Brennan MT, Bahrani Mougeot FK. Haemophilus pittmaniae and Leptotrichia spp. Constitute a Multi-Marker Signature in a Cohort of Human Papillomavirus-Positive Head and Neck Cancer Patients. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:794546. [PMID: 35116012 PMCID: PMC8803733 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.794546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectivesHuman papillomavirus (HPV) is a known etiological factor of oropharyngeal head and neck cancer (HNC). HPV positivity and periodontal disease have been associated with higher HNC risk, suggesting a role for oral bacterial species. Our objective was to determine oral microbiome profiles in HNC patients (HPV-positive and HPV-negative) and in healthy controls (HC).MethodsSaliva samples and swabs of buccal mucosa, supragingival plaque, and tongue were collected from HNC patients (N = 23 patients, n = 92 samples) before cancer therapy. Next-generation sequencing (16S-rRNA gene V3–V4 region) was used to determine bacterial taxa relative abundance (RA). β-Diversities of HNC HPV+ (N = 16 patients, n = 64 samples) and HNC HPV– (N = 7 patients, n = 28 samples) groups were compared using PERMANOVA (pMonte Carlo < 0.05). LEfSe discriminant analysis was performed to identify differentiating taxa (Log LDA > 2.0). RA differences were analyzed by Mann–Whitney U-test (α = 0.05). CombiROC program was used to determine multi-marker bacterial signatures. The Microbial Interaction Network Database (MIND) and LitSuggest online tools were used for complementary analyses.ResultsHNC vs. HC and HNC HPV+ vs. HNC HPV– β-diversities differed significantly (pMonte Carlo < 0.05). Streptococcus was the most abundant genus for HNC and HC groups, while Rothia mucilaginosa and Haemophilus parainfluenzae were the most abundant species in HNC and HC patients, respectively, regardless of antibiotics treatment. LEfSe analysis identified 43 and 44 distinctive species for HNC HPV+ and HNC HPV– groups, respectively. In HNC HPV+ group, 26 periodontal disease-associated species identified by LefSe had a higher average RA compared to HNC HPV– group. The significant species included Alloprevotella tannerae, Fusobacterium periodonticum, Haemophilus pittmaniae, Lachnoanaerobaulum orale, and Leptotrichia spp. (Mann–Whitney U-test, p < 0.05). Of 43 LEfSe-identified species in HPV+ group, 31 had a higher RA compared to HPV– group (Mann–Whitney U-test, p < 0.05). MIND analysis confirmed interactions between Haemophilus and Leptotrichia spp., representing a multi-marker signature per CombiROC analysis [area under the curve (AUC) > 0.9]. LitSuggest correctly classified 15 articles relevant to oral microbiome and HPV status.ConclusionOral microbiome profiles of HNC HPV+ and HNC HPV– patients differed significantly regarding periodontal-associated species. Our results suggest that oral bacterial species (e.g., Leptotrichia spp.), possessing unique niches and invasive properties, coexist with HPV within HPV-induced oral lesions in HNC patients. Further investigation into host–microbe interactions in HPV-positive HNC patients may shed light into cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Luc C. Mougeot
- Carolinas Medical Center—Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC, United States
- *Correspondence: Jean-Luc C. Mougeot,
| | | | - Holden C. Langdon
- Carolinas Medical Center—Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC, United States
| | - Rajesh V. Lalla
- Section of Oral Medicine–University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, United States
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13
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Jiang Q, Liu X, Yang Q, Chen L, Yang D. Salivary Microbiome in Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma Detected by 16S rRNA Sequencing and Shotgun Metagenomics. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 11:774453. [PMID: 34970508 PMCID: PMC8712576 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.774453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms are confirmed to be closely related to the occurrence and development of cancers in human beings. However, there has been no published report detailing relationships between the oral microbiota and salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC). In this study, unstimulated saliva was collected from 13 SACC patients and 10 healthy controls. The microbial diversities, compositions and functions were comprehensively analyzed after 16S rRNA sequencing and whole-genome shotgun metagenomic sequencing. The alpha diversity showed no significant difference between SACC patients and healthy controls, while beta diversity showed a separation trend. The SACC patients showed higher abundances of Streptococcus and Rothia, while Prevotella and Alloprevotella were more abundant in healthy controls. The prevalent KEGG pathways, carbohydrate-active enzymes, antibiotic resistances and virulence factors as well as the biomarkers in SACC were determined by functional gene analysis. Our study preliminarily investigated the salivary microbiome of SACC patients compared with healthy controls and might be the basis for further studies on novel diagnostic and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Jiang
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Qifen Yang
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Deqin Yang
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
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14
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Erira A, García Robayo DA, Chalá AI, Moreno Torres A, Muñoz Lopez EE, Cid Arregui A, Tobar Tosse F, Gamboa Jaimes FO. Bacteriome Identified by Next-Generation Sequencing in Saliva, Dental Plaque, and Tumor Tissue of Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Open Microbiol J 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1874285802115010098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the sixth most common cancer in the world, and the bacterial microbiome has been considered a risk factor that could play an important role in carcinogenesis.
Objective:
A bacteriome study was performed by next-generation sequencing in dental plaque, saliva, and tumor samples of 10 OSCC patients and compared with bacteriome in dental plaque and saliva of 10 patients without OSCC.
Methods:
DNA was extracted from all samples and sequenced by Illumina technology MiSeq™. Bioinformatic analyzes were performed for evaluated sequence quality, alpha and beta diversity, bidirectional analysis of variance (p <0.05), and principal component analysis. After establishing bacterial profiles associated with each sample and population, intragroup and intergroup comparisons were carried out. For bacteria identification compatible with eubiosis and dysbiosis processes, a screening was performed based on the frequency of appearance in all patient samples with and without OSCC. Lastly, frequency, average, standard deviation, Chi-square, and Mann Whitney test were calculated.
Results:
Out of the identified 1,231 bacteria in the populations under study, 45 bacterial species were selected, of which 34 were compatible with eubiosis, and 11 were compatible with dysbiosis. Among the bacteria compatible with eubiosis were species of Lactobacillus and Streptococcus, Chromobacterium violaceum, Enterobacter asburiae, Mycobacterium chubuense, Mycoplasma penetrans, and Brachyspira intermedia. Among the species associated with dysbiosis, Providencia stuartii, Capnocytophaga canimorsus, Legionella pneumophila, and Mycoplasma hominis were notable.
Conclusion:
Thirty-four bacterial species may be associated with eubiosis or healthy states and 11 bacterial species could be associated with dysbiosis or pathogenic state, OSCC.
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15
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Chen JW, Wu JH, Chiang WF, Chen YL, Wu WS, Wu LW. Taxonomic and Functional Dysregulation in Salivary Microbiomes During Oral Carcinogenesis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:663068. [PMID: 34604102 PMCID: PMC8482814 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.663068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Exploring microbial community compositions in humans with healthy versus diseased states is crucial to understand the microbe-host interplay associated with the disease progression. Although the relationship between oral cancer and microbiome was previously established, it remained controversial, and yet the ecological characteristics and their responses to oral carcinogenesis have not been well studied. Here, using the bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing along with the in silico function analysis by PICRUSt2 (Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States 2), we systematically characterized the compositions and the ecological drivers of saliva microbiome in the cohorts of orally healthy, non-recurrent oral verrucous hyperplasia (a pre-cancer lesion), and oral verrucous hyperplasia–associated oral cancer at taxonomic and function levels, and compared them with the re-analysis of publicly available datasets. Diversity analyses showed that microbiome dysbiosis in saliva was significantly linked to oral health status. As oral health deteriorated, the number of core species declined, and metabolic pathways predicted by PICRUSt2 were dysregulated. Partitioned beta-diversity revealed an extremely high species turnover but low function turnover. Functional beta-diversity in saliva microbiome shifted from turnover to nestedness during oral carcinogenesis, which was not observed at taxonomic levels. Correspondingly, the quantitative analysis of stochasticity ratios showed that drivers of microbial composition and functional gene content of saliva microbiomes were primarily governed by the stochastic processes, yet the driver of functional gene content shifted toward deterministic processes as oral cancer developed. Re-analysis of publicly accessible datasets supported not only the distinctive family taxa of Veillonellaceae and Actinomycetaceae present in normal cohorts but also that Flavobacteriaceae and Peptostreptococcaceae as well as the dysregulated metabolic pathways of nucleotides, amino acids, fatty acids, and cell structure were related to oral cancer. Using predicted functional profiles to elucidate the correlations to the oral health status shows superior performance than using taxonomic data among different studies. These findings advance our understanding of the oral ecosystem in relation to oral carcinogenesis and provide a new direction to the development of microbiome-based tools to study the interplay of the oral microbiome, metabolites, and host health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiung-Wen Chen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Horng Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Fan Chiang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Taiwan.,School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Ling Chen
- Institute of Oral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Sheng Wu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wha Wu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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16
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Wei LQ, Cheong IH, Yang GH, Li XG, Kozlakidis Z, Ding L, Liu NN, Wang H. The Application of High-Throughput Technologies for the Study of Microbiome and Cancer. Front Genet 2021; 12:699793. [PMID: 34394190 PMCID: PMC8355622 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.699793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human gut microbiome research, especially gut microbiome, has been developing at a considerable pace over the last decades, driven by a rapid technological advancement. The emergence of high-throughput technologies, such as genomics, transcriptomics, and others, has afforded the generation of large volumes of data, and in relation to specific pathologies such as different cancer types. The current review identifies high-throughput technologies as they have been implemented in the study of microbiome and cancer. Four main thematic areas have emerged: the characterization of microbial diversity and composition, microbial functional analyses, biomarker prediction, and, lastly, potential therapeutic applications. The majority of studies identified focus on the microbiome diversity characterization, which is reaching technological maturity, while the remaining three thematic areas could be described as emerging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Qi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Centre for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Io Hong Cheong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Centre for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang Huan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Centre for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Guang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Centre for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zisis Kozlakidis
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Lei Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Centre for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Ning Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Centre for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Centre for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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17
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Zakrzewski M, Gannon OM, Panizza BJ, Saunders NA, Antonsson A. Human papillomavirus infection and tumor microenvironment are associated with the microbiota in patients with oropharyngeal cancers-pilot study. Head Neck 2021; 43:3324-3330. [PMID: 34278648 DOI: 10.1002/hed.26821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous microbiome studies of oropharyngeal cancer have shown that there are differences in the oral microbiota between human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive and HPV-negative patients. METHODS We collected saliva, normal tissue, and tumor biopsies from 13 patients with oropharyngeal cancer (eight HPV-positive, five HPV-negative). We obtained basic clinical data from each patient. Extracted DNA was 16S rRNA gene sequenced. Analysis was based on HPV status and sample site using univariate, multivariate, and mixed effect regression methods. RESULTS Multivariate analysis methods separated samples based on HPV status (Adonis, p < 0.001). Comparison of patients showed that there were significant changes in microbial richness across all sites based on HPV status (linear mixed effects regression, p = 0.0002). CONCLUSIONS We found significant differences in overall microbial community and bacterial richness between oropharyngeal patients based on HPV status. Our results suggest that there are significant differences in the microbiome in patients with oropharyngeal cancer based on HPV status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Zakrzewski
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Orla Margaret Gannon
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Benedict James Panizza
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nicholas Andrew Saunders
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Annika Antonsson
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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18
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Rajasekaran K, Carey RM, Lin X, Seckar TD, Wei Z, Chorath K, Newman JG, O'Malley BW, Weinstein GS, Feldman MD, Robertson E. The microbiome of HPV-positive tonsil squamous cell carcinoma and neck metastasis. Oral Oncol 2021; 117:105305. [PMID: 33905914 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2021.105305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) has now surpassed cervical cancer as the most common site of HPV-related cancer in the United States. HPV-positive OPSCCs behave differently from HPV-negative tumors and often present with early lymph node involvement. The bacterial microbiome of HPV-associated OPSCC may contribute to carcinogenesis, and certain bacteria may influence the spread of cancer from the primary site to regional lymphatics. OBJECTIVE To determine the bacterial microbiome in patients with HPV-associated, early tonsil SCC and compare them to benign tonsil specimens. METHOD The microbiome of primary tumor specimens and lymph nodes was compared to benign tonsillectomy specimens with pan-pathogen microarray (PathoChip). RESULTS A total of 114 patients were enrolled in the study. Patients with OPSCC had a microbiome that shifted towards more gram-negative. Numerous signatures of bacterial family and species were associated with the primary tumors and lymph nodes of cancer patients, including the urogenital pathogens Proteus mirabilis and Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Shigella dysenteriae, and Orientia tsutsugamushi. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that detection of urogenital pathogens is associated with lymph node metastasis for patients with HPV-positive OPSCCs. Additional studies are necessary to determine the effects of the OPSCC microbiome on disease progression and clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Rajasekaran
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
| | - Ryan M Carey
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Xiang Lin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Department of Computer Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Tyler D Seckar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Zhi Wei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Department of Computer Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Kevin Chorath
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jason G Newman
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Bert W O'Malley
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Gregory S Weinstein
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Michael D Feldman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Erle Robertson
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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19
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Miranda-Galvis M, Loveless R, Kowalski LP, Teng Y. Impacts of Environmental Factors on Head and Neck Cancer Pathogenesis and Progression. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020389. [PMID: 33668576 PMCID: PMC7917998 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological and clinical studies over the past two decades have provided strong evidence that genetic elements interacting with environmental components can individually and collectively influence one’s susceptibility to cancer. In addition to tumorigenic properties, numerous environmental factors, such as nutrition, chemical carcinogens, and tobacco/alcohol consumption, possess pro-invasive and pro-metastatic cancer features. In contrast to traditional cancer treatment, modern therapeutics not only take into account an individual’s genetic makeup but also consider gene–environment interactions. The current review sharpens the focus by elaborating on the impact that environmental factors have on the pathogenesis and progression of head and neck cancer and the underlying molecular mechanisms involved. Recent advances, challenges, and future perspectives in this area of research are also discussed. Inhibiting key environmental drivers of tumor progression should yield survival benefits for patients at any stage of head and neck cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisol Miranda-Galvis
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (M.M.-G.); (R.L.)
| | - Reid Loveless
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (M.M.-G.); (R.L.)
| | - Luiz Paulo Kowalski
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo 01509, Brazil;
- Head and Neck Surgery Department, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01509, Brazil
| | - Yong Teng
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (M.M.-G.); (R.L.)
- Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Imaging and Radiologic Sciences, College of Allied Health, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-70-6446-5611; Fax: +1-70-6721-9415
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20
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Lim Y, Tang KD, Karpe AV, Beale DJ, Totsika M, Kenny L, Morrison M, Punyadeera C. Chemoradiation therapy changes oral microbiome and metabolomic profiles in patients with oral cavity cancer and oropharyngeal cancer. Head Neck 2021; 43:1521-1534. [PMID: 33527579 DOI: 10.1002/hed.26619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with oral cavity cancer (OCC) and oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) are often seen with locoregionally advanced disease requiring complex multimodality treatments. These treatments may have detrimental effects on the oral microbiome, which is critical to maintaining physiological balance and health. METHODS The effects of different OCC and OPC treatment types on the oral microbiome and metabolomic profiles for 24-month post-treatment in patients with OCC and OPC were investigated using 16S rRNA gene amplicon next-generation sequencing and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), respectively. RESULTS Chemoradiation resulted in oral dysbiosis with specific depletion of genera which regulate the enterosalivary nitrate-nitrite-nitric oxide pathway. These data also correlate with the oral metabolomic profiles with nitric oxide-related precursor, modulator, or catalyst significantly downregulated in saliva samples from patients' postchemoradiation. CONCLUSIONS Together, we have shown that oral dysbiosis due to the effects of chemoradiation could potentially have an impact on OCC and OPC patient's quality of life post-treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yenkai Lim
- The Saliva and Liquid Biopsy Translational Research Team, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,The Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kai Dun Tang
- The Saliva and Liquid Biopsy Translational Research Team, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,The Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Avinash V Karpe
- The Land and Water, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Ecosciences Precinct Dutton Park, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - David J Beale
- The Land and Water, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Ecosciences Precinct Dutton Park, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Makrina Totsika
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Liz Kenny
- The School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mark Morrison
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Chamindie Punyadeera
- The Saliva and Liquid Biopsy Translational Research Team, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,The Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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21
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Zanetta P, Squarzanti DF, Sorrentino R, Rolla R, Aluffi Valletti P, Garzaro M, Dell'Era V, Amoruso A, Azzimonti B. Oral microbiota and vitamin D impact on oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinogenesis: a narrative literature review. Crit Rev Microbiol 2021; 47:224-239. [PMID: 33476522 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2021.1872487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
An emerging body of research is revealing the microbiota pivotal involvement in determining the health or disease state of several human niches, and that of vitamin D also in extra-skeletal regions. Nevertheless, much of the oral microbiota and vitamin D reciprocal impact in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinogenesis (OPSCC) is still mostly unknown. On this premise, starting from an in-depth scientific bibliographic analysis, this narrative literature review aims to show a detailed view of the state of the art on their contribution in the pathogenesis of this cancer type. Significant differences in the oral microbiota species quantity and quality have been detected in OPSCC-affected patients; in particular, mainly high-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs), Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida spp. seem to be highly represented. Vitamin D prevents and fights infections promoted by the above identified pathogens, thus confirming its homeostatic function on the microbiota balance. However, its antimicrobial and antitumoral actions, well-described for the gut, have not been fully documented for the oropharynx yet. Deeper investigations of the mechanisms that link vitamin D levels, oral microbial diversity and inflammatory processes will lead to a better definition of OPSCC risk factors for the optimization of specific prevention and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Zanetta
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Center for Translational Research on Allergic and Autoimmune Diseases (CAAD), Department of Health Sciences (DSS), School of Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Novara, Italy
| | - Diletta Francesca Squarzanti
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Center for Translational Research on Allergic and Autoimmune Diseases (CAAD), Department of Health Sciences (DSS), School of Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Novara, Italy
| | - Rita Sorrentino
- Emerging Bacterial Pathogens Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Roberta Rolla
- Clinical Chemistry Unit, University Hospital "Maggiore della Carità", DSS, School of Medicine, UPO, Novara, Italy
| | - Paolo Aluffi Valletti
- ENT Division, University Hospital "Maggiore della Carità", DSS, School of Medicine, UPO, Novara, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Garzaro
- ENT Division, University Hospital "Maggiore della Carità", DSS, School of Medicine, UPO, Novara, Italy
| | - Valeria Dell'Era
- ENT Division, University Hospital "Maggiore della Carità", DSS, School of Medicine, UPO, Novara, Italy
| | | | - Barbara Azzimonti
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Center for Translational Research on Allergic and Autoimmune Diseases (CAAD), Department of Health Sciences (DSS), School of Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Novara, Italy
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22
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Gougousis S, Mouchtaropoulou E, Besli I, Vrochidis P, Skoumpas I, Constantinidis I. HPV-Related Oropharyngeal Cancer and Biomarkers Based on Epigenetics and Microbiome Profile. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:625330. [PMID: 33521000 PMCID: PMC7841258 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.625330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
H uman papillomavirus (HPV) is considered the main cause of the increasing incidence rates of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), and soon, the global burden of HPV-related OPSCC is predicted to exceed that of cervical cancer. Moreover, a different molecular profile for HPV-related OPSCC has been described, opening new promising targeted therapies and immunotherapy approaches. Epigenetic and microbiome-based exploration of biomarkers has gained growing interest with a view to the primary oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) screening. Understanding the role of the epigenetic mechanism and the changes that occur during pathogenesis shows appreciable progress in recent years. The different methylation status of DNA and miRNAs demonstrates the value of possible biomarkers discriminating even in different stages of dysplasia. Through whole-genome bisulfite sequencing, differentially methylated regions (DMRs) hold the key to recover missing information. O n the other hand, the microbiota investigation signifies a new biomarker approach for the evaluation of OPC. Along with known cofactors playing a major role in microbiota differentiation, HPV-related cases must be explored further for better understanding. The dynamic approach of the shotgun metagenomic sequencing will robustly fill the gap especially in species/strain level and consequently to biomarker detection. The constantly growing incidence of HPV-related OPC should lead us in further investigation and understanding of the unique features of the disease, more accurate diagnostic methods, along with the development and implementation of new, targeted therapies. This paper comprehensively reviews the significance of biomarkers based on epigenetics and microbiome profile in the accuracy of the diagnosis of the HPV-related cancer in the oropharynx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyridon Gougousis
- GH "G. Papanikolaou," ENT, Head and Neck Department, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Ioanna Besli
- GH "G. Papanikolaou," ENT, Head and Neck Department, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Ioannis Skoumpas
- GH "G. Papanikolaou," ENT, Head and Neck Department, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Constantinidis
- 1st Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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23
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Bahig H, Fuller CD, Mitra A, Yoshida-Court K, Solley T, Ping Ng S, Abu-Gheida I, Elgohari B, Delgado A, Rosenthal DI, Garden AS, Frank SJ, Reddy JP, Colbert L, Klopp A. Longitudinal characterization of the tumoral microbiome during radiotherapy in HPV-associated oropharynx cancer. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2021; 26:98-103. [PMID: 33367119 PMCID: PMC7749292 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctro.2020.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the baseline and serial tumor microbiome in HPV-associated oropharynx cancer (OPC) over the course of radiotherapy (RT). METHODS Patients with newly diagnosed HPV-associated OPC treated with definitive radiotherapy +/- concurrent chemotherapy were enrolled in this prospective study. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, dynamic changes in the tumor site microbiome during RT were investigated. Surface tumor samples were obtained before RT and at week 1, 3 and 5 of RT. Radiological primary tumor response at mid-treatment was categorized as complete (CR) or partial (PR). RESULTS Ten patients were enrolled, but 9 patients were included in the final analysis. Mean age was 62 years (range: 51-71). As per AJCC 8th Ed, 56%, 22% and 22% of patients had stage I, II and III, respectively. At 4-weeks, 6 patients had CR and 3 patients had PR; at follow-up imaging post treatment, all patients had CR. The baseline diversity of the tumoral versus buccal microbiome was not statistically different. For the entire cohort, alpha diversity was significantly decreased over the course of treatment (p = 0.04). There was a significant alteration in the bacterial community within the first week of radiation. Baseline tumor alpha diversity of patients with CR was significantly higher than those with PR (p = 0.03). While patients with CR had significant reduction in diversity over the course of radiation (p = 0.01), the diversity remained unchanged in patients with PR. Patients with history of smoking had significantly increased abundance of Kingella (0.05) and lower abundance of Stomatobaculum (p = 0.03) compared to never smokers. CONCLUSIONS The tumor microbiome of HPV-associated OPC exhibits reduced alpha diversity and altered taxa abundance over the course of radiotherapy. The baseline bacterial profiles of smokers vs. non-smokers were inherently different. Baseline tumor alpha diversity of patients with CR was higher than patients with PR, suggesting that the microbiome deserves further investigation as a biomarker of radiation response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houda Bahig
- Radiation Oncology Department, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Radiation Oncology Department, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Clifton D. Fuller
- Radiation Oncology Department, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Aparna Mitra
- Radiation Oncology Department, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kyoko Yoshida-Court
- Radiation Oncology Department, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Travis Solley
- Radiation Oncology Department, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sweet Ping Ng
- Radiation Oncology Department, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ibrahim Abu-Gheida
- Radiation Oncology Department, Burjeel Medical City, Abu-Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Baher Elgohari
- Radiation Oncology Department, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Andrea Delgado
- Radiation Oncology Department, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - David I. Rosenthal
- Radiation Oncology Department, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Adam S. Garden
- Radiation Oncology Department, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Steven J. Frank
- Radiation Oncology Department, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jay P. Reddy
- Radiation Oncology Department, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lauren Colbert
- Radiation Oncology Department, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ann Klopp
- Radiation Oncology Department, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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24
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Feng X, Han L, Ma S, Zhao L, Wang L, Zhang K, Yin P, Guo L, Jing W, Li Q. Microbes in Tumoral In Situ Tissues and in Tumorigenesis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:572570. [PMID: 33330121 PMCID: PMC7732458 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.572570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancerous tumors are severe diseases affecting human health that have a complicated etiology and pathogenesis. Microbes have been considered to be related to the development and progression of numerous tumors through various pathogenic mechanisms in recent studies. Bacteria, which have so far remained the most studied microbes worldwide, have four major possible special pathogenic mechanisms (modulation of inflammation, immunity, DNA damage, and metabolism) that are related to carcinogenesis. This review aims to macroscopically summarize and verify the relationships between microbes and tumoral in situ tissues from cancers of four major different systems (urinary, respiratory, digestive, and reproductive); the abovementioned four microbial pathogenic mechanisms, as well as some synergistic pathogenic mechanisms, are also discussed. Once the etiologic role of microbes and their precise pathogenic mechanisms in carcinogenesis are known, the early prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancers would progress significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lu Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Sijia Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lanbo Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kailu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Panyue Yin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Jing
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qiling Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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25
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Gopinath D, Kunnath Menon R, Chun Wie C, Banerjee M, Panda S, Mandal D, Behera PK, Roychoudhury S, Kheur S, George Botelho M, Johnson NW. Salivary bacterial shifts in oral leukoplakia resemble the dysbiotic oral cancer bacteriome. J Oral Microbiol 2020; 13:1857998. [PMID: 33391629 PMCID: PMC7734041 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2020.1857998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: While some oral carcinomas appear to arise de novo, others develop within long-standing conditions of the oral cavity that have malignant potential, now known as oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs). The oral bacteriome associated with OPMD has been studied to a lesser extent than that associated with oral cancer. To characterize the association in detail we compared the bacteriome in whole mouth fluid (WMF) in patients with oral leukoplakia, oral cancer and healthy controls. Methods: WMF bacteriome from 20 leukoplakia patients, 31 patients with oral cancer and 23 healthy controls were profiled using the Illumina MiSeq platform. Sequencing reads were processed using DADA2, and taxonomical classification was performed using the phylogenetic placement method. Sparse Partial Least Squares Regression Discriminant Analysis model was used to identify bacterial taxa that best discriminate the studied groups. Results: We found considerable overlap between the WMF bacteriome of leukoplakia and oral cancer while a clearer separation between healthy controls and the former two disorders was observed. Specifically, the separation was attributed to 14 taxa belonging to the genera Megaspheara, unclassified enterobacteria, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, Rothia and Salmonella, Streptococcus, and Fusobacterium. The most discriminative bacterial genera between leukoplakia and oral cancer were Megasphaera, unclassified Enterobacteriae, Salmonella and Prevotella. Conclusion: Oral bacteria may play a role in the early stages of oral carcinogenesis as a dysbiotic bacteriome is associated with oral leukoplakia and this resembles that of oral cancer more than healthy controls. Our findings may have implications for developing oral cancer prevention strategies targeting early microbial drivers of oral carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Gopinath
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Oral Diagnostics and Surgical Science, School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rohit Kunnath Menon
- Clinical Dentistry Division, School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chong Chun Wie
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Moinak Banerjee
- Human Molecular Genetics Lab, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, India
| | - Swagatika Panda
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Deviprasad Mandal
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Paresh Kumar Behera
- Head and Neck Oncology, Acharya Harihara Regional Cancer Centre, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Susanta Roychoudhury
- Basic research, Saroj Gupta Cancer Centre and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Supriya Kheur
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, D.Y. Patil Dental College, Pune, India
| | | | - Newell W Johnson
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Menzies Health Institute Queensland and School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Australia.,Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, UK
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26
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Minarovits J. Anaerobic bacterial communities associated with oral carcinoma: Intratumoral, surface-biofilm and salivary microbiota. Anaerobe 2020; 68:102300. [PMID: 33246097 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2020.102300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
It was estimated that more than 700 bacterial species inhabit the oral cavity of healthy humans. Anaerobes comprise a significant fraction of the oral bacteriome and play an important role in the formation of multi-species biofilms attached to various anatomical sites. Bacterial biofilms are also associated with pathologic laesions of the oral cavity, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), and distinct oral taxa could also be detected within the tumors, i.e. in deep biopsy samples. These observations suggested that certain oral bacteria or oral bacterial communities may play a causative role in oral carcinogenesis, in addition to the well characterized risk factors of oral cancer. Alternatively, it was also proposed that a subset of oral bacteria may have a growth advantage in the unique microenvironment of OSCC. Recently, a series of studies analysed the OSCC-associated bacterial communities using metataxonomic, metagenomic and metatranscriptomic approaches. This review outlines the major differences between the community structure of microbiota in tumor biopsy, surface-biofilm and salivary or oral wash samples collected from OSCC patients, compared to corresponding samples from control persons. A special emphasis is given to the anaerobic bacteria Fusobacterium nucleatum and Fusobacterium periodonticum that were characterised repeatedly as "OSCC-associated" in independent studies. Predicted microbial functions and relevant in vivo experimental models of oral carcinogenesis will also be summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janos Minarovits
- University of Szeged, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Biology and Experimental Dental Research, H-6720 Szeged, Tisza Lajos krt. 64 Hungary.
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27
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Preliminary insights into the impact of primary radiochemotherapy on the salivary microbiome in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16582. [PMID: 33024215 PMCID: PMC7538973 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73515-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common type of throat cancer. Treatment options comprise surgery, radiotherapy, and/or chemo(immuno)therapy. The salivary microbiome is shaped by the disease, and likely by the treatment, resulting in side effects caused by chemoradiation that severely impair patients’ well-being. High-throughput amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene provides an opportunity to investigate changes in the salivary microbiome in health and disease. In this preliminary study, we investigated alterations in the bacterial, fungal, and archaeal components of the salivary microbiome between healthy subjects and patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma before and close to the end point of chemoradiation (“after”). We enrolled 31 patients and 11 healthy controls, with 11 patients providing samples both before and after chemoradiation. Analysis revealed an effect on the bacterial and fungal microbiome, with a partial antagonistic reaction but no effects on the archaeal microbial community. Specifically, we observed an individual increase in Candida signatures following chemoradiation, whereas the overall diversity of the microbial and fungal signatures decreased significantly after therapy. Thus, our study indicates that the patient microbiome reacts individually to chemoradiation but has potential for future optimization of disease diagnostics and personalized treatments.
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28
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Huybrechts I, Zouiouich S, Loobuyck A, Vandenbulcke Z, Vogtmann E, Pisanu S, Iguacel I, Scalbert A, Indave I, Smelov V, Gunter MJ, Michels N. The Human Microbiome in Relation to Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review of Epidemiologic Studies. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 29:1856-1868. [PMID: 32727720 PMCID: PMC7541789 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-20-0288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbiome has been hypothesized to play a role in cancer development. Because of the diversity of published data, an overview of available epidemiologic evidence linking the microbiome with cancer is now needed. We conducted a systematic review using a tailored search strategy in Medline and EMBASE databases to identify and summarize the current epidemiologic literature on the relationship between the microbiome and different cancer outcomes published until December 2019. We identified 124 eligible articles. The large diversity of parameters used to describe microbial composition made it impossible to harmonize the different studies in a way that would allow meta-analysis, therefore only a qualitative description of results could be performed. Fifty studies reported differences in the gut microbiome between patients with colorectal cancer and various control groups. The most consistent findings were for Fusobacterium, Porphyromonas, and Peptostreptococcus being significantly enriched in fecal and mucosal samples from patients with colorectal cancer. For the oral microbiome, significantly increased and decreased abundance was reported for Fusobacterium and Streptococcus, respectively, in patients with oral cancer compared with controls. Overall, although there was a large amount of evidence for some of these alterations, most require validation in high-quality, preferably prospective, epidemiologic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Semi Zouiouich
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Astrid Loobuyck
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Zeger Vandenbulcke
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Emily Vogtmann
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Silvia Pisanu
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Isabel Iguacel
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Iciar Indave
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Vitaly Smelov
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
- Division of Noncommunicable Diseases and Promoting Health through the Life-course, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marc J Gunter
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Nathalie Michels
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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29
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Lang S, Brandau S, Marchesi JR, Jablonska J, Thurnher D, Mattheis S, Buer J, Hussain T. [The microbiome in head and neck tumors-initial findings and outlook]. HNO 2020; 68:905-910. [PMID: 32995898 DOI: 10.1007/s00106-020-00950-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Technical progress in molecular biology has allowed for a more detailed analysis of the composition of the human microbiome in recent years. Inter- and intraindividual differences in microbiome composition have been demonstrated, which in part correlate with the occurrence of certain diseases. For some of the so-called oncomicrobes, a direct relationship between their effect on the host organism and carcinogenesis has been demonstrated, predominantly for gastrointestinal cancers. Initial results for head and neck cancer show inter- and intraindividual differences in the local microbiota of the tumor environment, with certain bacterial strains over- or underrepresented. Our results confirm these findings, e.g., by showing a relative abundance of fusobacteria in tumor tissue while streptococci were relatively reduced. Currently available results show a high degree of inter- and intraindividual variation, thus requiring larger patient cohorts for functional analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lang
- Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Deutschland.
| | - S Brandau
- Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Deutschland
| | - J R Marchesi
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Großbritannien
| | - J Jablonska
- Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Deutschland
| | - D Thurnher
- Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Graz, Graz, Österreich
| | - S Mattheis
- Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Deutschland
| | - J Buer
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen Essen, Essen, Deutschland
| | - T Hussain
- Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Deutschland
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30
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The interplay of the oral microbiome and alcohol consumption in oral squamous cell carcinomas. Oral Oncol 2020; 110:105011. [PMID: 32980528 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.105011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Oral cancer (OC) is among the top twenty occurring cancers in the world, with a mortality rate of 50%. A shift to a functionally inflammatory or a 'disease state' oral microbiome composition has been observed amongst patients with premalignant disorders and OC, with evidence suggesting alcohol could be exacerbating the inflammatory influence of the oral microorganisms. Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH, EC 1.1.1.1) converts alcohol into a known carcinogenic metabolite, acetaldehyde and while ADH levels in oral mucosa are low, several oral commensal species possess ADH and could produce genotoxic levels of acetaldehyde. With a direct association between oral microbiome status, alcohol and poor oral health status combining to induce chronic inflammation with increased acetaldehyde levels - this leads to a tumour promoting environment. This new disease state increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), while impairing anti-oxidant systems thus activating the redox signalling required for the promotion and survival of tumours. This review aims to highlight the evidence linking these processes in the progression of oral cancer.
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31
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Allwardt V, Ainscough AJ, Viswanathan P, Sherrod SD, McLean JA, Haddrick M, Pensabene V. Translational Roadmap for the Organs-on-a-Chip Industry toward Broad Adoption. Bioengineering (Basel) 2020; 7:E112. [PMID: 32947816 PMCID: PMC7552662 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering7030112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Organs-on-a-Chip (OOAC) is a disruptive technology with widely recognized potential to change the efficiency, effectiveness, and costs of the drug discovery process; to advance insights into human biology; to enable clinical research where human trials are not feasible. However, further development is needed for the successful adoption and acceptance of this technology. Areas for improvement include technological maturity, more robust validation of translational and predictive in vivo-like biology, and requirements of tighter quality standards for commercial viability. In this review, we reported on the consensus around existing challenges and necessary performance benchmarks that are required toward the broader adoption of OOACs in the next five years, and we defined a potential roadmap for future translational development of OOAC technology. We provided a clear snapshot of the current developmental stage of OOAC commercialization, including existing platforms, ancillary technologies, and tools required for the use of OOAC devices, and analyze their technology readiness levels. Using data gathered from OOAC developers and end-users, we identified prevalent challenges faced by the community, strategic trends and requirements driving OOAC technology development, and existing technological bottlenecks that could be outsourced or leveraged by active collaborations with academia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Allwardt
- Center for Innovative Technology, Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA; (V.A.); (S.D.S.); (J.A.M.)
| | | | - Priyalakshmi Viswanathan
- Medicines Discovery Catapult, Alderley Park, Alderley Edge, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, UK; (P.V.); (M.H.)
| | - Stacy D. Sherrod
- Center for Innovative Technology, Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA; (V.A.); (S.D.S.); (J.A.M.)
| | - John A. McLean
- Center for Innovative Technology, Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA; (V.A.); (S.D.S.); (J.A.M.)
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Malcolm Haddrick
- Medicines Discovery Catapult, Alderley Park, Alderley Edge, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, UK; (P.V.); (M.H.)
| | - Virginia Pensabene
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, School of Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James’s, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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32
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Fialová A, Koucký V, Hajdušková M, Hladíková K, Špíšek R. Immunological Network in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma-A Prognostic Tool Beyond HPV Status. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1701. [PMID: 33042814 PMCID: PMC7522596 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a highly heterogeneous disease that affects more than 800,000 patients worldwide each year. The variability of HNSCC is associated with differences in the carcinogenesis processes that are caused by two major etiological agents, namely, alcohol/tobacco, and human papillomavirus (HPV). Compared to non-virally induced carcinomas, the oropharyngeal tumors associated with HPV infection show markedly better clinical outcomes and are characterized by an immunologically “hot” landscape with high levels of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. However, the standard of care remains the same for both HPV-positive and HPV-negative HNSCC. Surprisingly, treatment de-escalation trials have not shown any clinical benefit in patients with HPV-positive tumors to date, most likely due to insufficient patient stratification. The in-depth analysis of the immune response, which places an emphasis on tumor-infiltrating immune cells, is a widely accepted prognostic tool that might significantly improve both the stratification of HNSCC patients in de-escalation trials and the development of novel immunotherapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vladimír Koucký
- Sotio, Prague, Czechia.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czechia
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Teles FRF, Alawi F, Castilho RM, Wang Y. Association or Causation? Exploring the Oral Microbiome and Cancer Links. J Dent Res 2020; 99:1411-1424. [PMID: 32811287 DOI: 10.1177/0022034520945242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Several epidemiological investigations have found associations between poor oral health and different types of cancer, including colorectal, lung, pancreatic, and oral malignancies. The oral health parameters underlying these relationships include deficient oral hygiene, gingival bleeding, and bone and tooth loss. These parameters are related to periodontal diseases, which are directly and indirectly mediated by oral bacteria. Given the increased accessibility of microbial sequencing platforms, many recent studies have investigated the link between the oral microbiome and these cancers. Overall, it seems that oral dysbiotic states can contribute to tumorigenesis in the oral cavity as well as in distant body sites. Further, it appears that certain oral bacterial species can contribute to carcinogenesis, in particular, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis, based on results from epidemiological as well as mechanistic studies. Yet, the strength of the findings from these investigations is hampered by the heterogeneity of the methods used to measure oral diseases, the treatment of confounding factors, the study design, the platforms employed for microbial analysis, and types of samples analyzed. Despite these limitations, there is an overall indication that the presence of oral dysbiosis that leads to oral diseases may directly and/or indirectly contribute to carcinogenesis. Proper methodological standardized approaches should be implemented in future epidemiological studies as well as in the mechanistic investigations carried out to explore these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- F R F Teles
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Center for Innovation & Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Phildelphia, PA, USA
| | - F Alawi
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - R M Castilho
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Periodontics, School Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Rai AK, Panda M, Das AK, Rahman T, Das R, Das K, Sarma A, Kataki AC, Chattopadhyay I. Dysbiosis of salivary microbiome and cytokines influence oral squamous cell carcinoma through inflammation. Arch Microbiol 2020; 203:137-152. [PMID: 32783067 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-020-02011-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Advanced combinatorial treatments of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy do not have any effect on the enhancement of a 5-year survival rate of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The discovery of early diagnostic non-invasive biomarkers is required to improve the survival rate of OSCC patients. Recently, it has been reported that oral microbiome has a significant contribution to the development of OSCC. Oral microbiome induces inflammatory response through the production of cytokines and chemokines that enhances tumor cell proliferation and survival. The study aims to develop saliva-based oral microbiome and cytokine biomarker panel that screen OSCC patients based on the level of the microbiome and cytokine differences. We compared the oral microbiome signatures and cytokine level in the saliva of OSCC patients and healthy individuals by 16S rRNA gene sequencing targeting the V3/V4 region using the MiSeq platform and cytokine assay, respectively. The higher abundance of Prevotella melaninogenica, Fusobacterium sp., Veillonella parvula, Porphyromonas endodontalis, Prevotella pallens, Dialister, Streptococcus anginosus, Prevotella nigrescens, Campylobacter ureolyticus, Prevotella nanceiensis, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius and significant elevation of IL-8, IL-6, TNF-α, GM-CSF, and IFN-γ in the saliva of patients having OSCC. Oncobacteria such as S. anginosus, V. parvula, P. endodontalis, and P. anaerobius may contribute to the development of OSCC by increasing inflammation via increased expression of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and GM-CSF. These oncobacteria and cytokines panels could potentially be used as a non-invasive biomarker in clinical practice for more efficient screening and early detection of OSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avdhesh Kumar Rai
- Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, A. K. Azad Road, Gopinath Nagar, Guwahati, Assam, 16, India
| | - Madhusmita Panda
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur, 610101, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Das
- Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, A. K. Azad Road, Gopinath Nagar, Guwahati, Assam, 16, India
| | - Tashnin Rahman
- Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, A. K. Azad Road, Gopinath Nagar, Guwahati, Assam, 16, India
| | - Rajjyoti Das
- Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, A. K. Azad Road, Gopinath Nagar, Guwahati, Assam, 16, India
| | - Kishore Das
- Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, A. K. Azad Road, Gopinath Nagar, Guwahati, Assam, 16, India
| | - Anupam Sarma
- Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, A. K. Azad Road, Gopinath Nagar, Guwahati, Assam, 16, India
| | - Amal Ch Kataki
- Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, A. K. Azad Road, Gopinath Nagar, Guwahati, Assam, 16, India
| | - Indranil Chattopadhyay
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur, 610101, India.
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35
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Zhong X, Lu Q, Zhang Q, He Y, Wei W, Wang Y. Oral microbiota alteration associated with oral cancer and areca chewing. Oral Dis 2020; 27:226-239. [PMID: 32649007 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Oral cancer is among most common neoplasm of oral cavity; in many cases, it develops at the site of premalignant lesion. Areca nut has been identified as a carcinogen, which was proved to promote the inflammation level and contributes to oral malignancy. Chewing areca nut is the main cause of the premalignant disease oral submucous fibrosis (OSF). Bacterial alterations were suggested to be assonated with oral cancer progression. Therefore, the present study was carried out to determine the changes of microbiota in the mucosa along stage of development of oral cancer with areca nut chewing. 162 participants, reporting to department of oral medical center, were enrolled into the study which includes 45 patients each of OSF, 42 of oral cancer, 29 healthy controls (HC) with areca nut chewing, and 46 healthy controls (HC) never chewing areca nut. Oral swabbing of tongue dorsum, buccal mucosa, and gingiva was evaluated by MiSeq platform of the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. These data revealed microbial changes that may mirror oral cancer progression and reflect clinical preconditions such as areca nut chewing. Consequently, revealing microbial changes in patients with oral squamous cell carcinomas and the premalignant disease oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) with areca nut chewing might improve our understanding of the pathobiology of the disease and help in the design of novel diagnostic and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohuan Zhong
- Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Institute of Oral Precancerous Lesions, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qin Lu
- GeneTalks Biotech Co., Ltd., Changsha, China.,Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Blood Transfusion Department, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Yuan He
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenjuan Wei
- GeneTalks Biotech Co., Ltd., Changsha, China.,Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, China
| | - Yimin Wang
- GeneTalks Biotech Co., Ltd., Changsha, China.,Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, China
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Ramos RT, Sodré CS, de Sousa Rodrigues PMGR, da Silva AMP, Fuly MS, Dos Santos HF, Gonçalves LS, de Carvalho Ferreira D, Ribeiro MG. High-throughput nucleotide sequencing for bacteriome studies in oral squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review. Oral Maxillofac Surg 2020; 24:387-401. [PMID: 32621033 DOI: 10.1007/s10006-020-00873-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Dysbiosis has been identified in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The aim of this study was to carry out a systematic review of an electronic research that was carried out on articles published between January 2008 and September 2018. METHODS Eight studies were selected after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS All articles targeted the hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene. At the phylum level, it was found reduction of Bacteroidetes (2/8 studies) and increase of Firmicutes (2/8 studies). At the genus level, Rothia increased (1/8 studies) and decreased (2/8 studies) in tumor samples, and Streptococcus also was found increased (3/8 studies) and reduced (3/8 studies). Fusobacterium only increased in OSCC samples (3/8 studies). At species level, an increase in F. nucleatum subsp. polymorphum was more associated to OSCC (2/8 studies) than with controls, as was P. aeruginosa (3/8 studies). CONCLUSION In summary, the results corroborated dysbiosis in OSCC patients, with enrichment of microbial taxa that are associated with inflammation and production of acetaldehyde. However, variations of study design and sample size were observed among the studies, as well as a shortage of more detailed analyses of possible correlations between risk habits and OSCC. This lack of more detailed analysis may be the cause of the inconsistencies in regard of the alterations reported for certain genera and species. In conclusion, there is an association between OSCC and oral microbiota dysbiosis, but its role in oral carcinogenesis needs to be clarified in more detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Tramontani Ramos
- Department of Medical Clinic, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Camila Stofella Sodré
- Department of Medical Clinic, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Milenna Silva Fuly
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Marcia Gonçalves Ribeiro
- Service of Medical Genetics, IPPMG - Martagão Gesteira Pediatric Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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37
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Wirth R, Maróti G, Mihók R, Simon-Fiala D, Antal M, Pap B, Demcsák A, Minarovits J, Kovács KL. A case study of salivary microbiome in smokers and non-smokers in Hungary: analysis by shotgun metagenome sequencing. J Oral Microbiol 2020; 12:1773067. [PMID: 32922678 PMCID: PMC7448927 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2020.1773067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the role of cigarette smoking in disease-development through altering the composition of the oral microbial community. Periodontitis and oral cancer are highly prevalent in Hungary; therefore, the salivary microbiome of smoker and non-smoker Hungarian adults was characterized. Methods Shotgun metagenome sequencing of salivary DNA samples from 22 individuals (11 non-smokers and 11 current smokers) was performed using the Ion Torrent PGMTM platform. Quality-filtered reads were analysed by both alignment-based sequence similarity searches and genome-centric binning. Results Prevotella, Veillonella and Streptococcus were the predominant genera in the saliva of both groups. Although the overall composition and diversity of the microbiota were similar, Prevotella was significantly more abundant in salivary samples of current smokers compared to non-smokers. Members of the genus Prevotella were implicated in the development of inflammatory diseases and oral cancer. The abundance of the genus Megasphaera also increased in current smokers, whereas the genera Neisseria, Oribacterium, Capnocytophaga and Porphyromonas were significantly reduced. The data generated by read-based taxonomic classification and genome-centric binning mutually validated the two distinct metagenomic approaches. Conclusion Smoking-associated dysbiosis of the salivary microbiome in current cigarette smokers, especially increased abundance of Prevotella and Megasphaera genera, may facilitate disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Wirth
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gergely Maróti
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Róbert Mihók
- Department of Operative and Esthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Donát Simon-Fiala
- Department of Operative and Esthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Márk Antal
- Department of Operative and Esthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Bernadett Pap
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Anett Demcsák
- Department of Oral Biology and Experimental Dental Research, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Janos Minarovits
- Department of Oral Biology and Experimental Dental Research, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Kornél L Kovács
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Department of Oral Biology and Experimental Dental Research, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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38
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Xia Y. Correlation and association analyses in microbiome study integrating multiomics in health and disease. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2020; 171:309-491. [PMID: 32475527 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2020.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Correlation and association analyses are one of the most widely used statistical methods in research fields, including microbiome and integrative multiomics studies. Correlation and association have two implications: dependence and co-occurrence. Microbiome data are structured as phylogenetic tree and have several unique characteristics, including high dimensionality, compositionality, sparsity with excess zeros, and heterogeneity. These unique characteristics cause several statistical issues when analyzing microbiome data and integrating multiomics data, such as large p and small n, dependency, overdispersion, and zero-inflation. In microbiome research, on the one hand, classic correlation and association methods are still applied in real studies and used for the development of new methods; on the other hand, new methods have been developed to target statistical issues arising from unique characteristics of microbiome data. Here, we first provide a comprehensive view of classic and newly developed univariate correlation and association-based methods. We discuss the appropriateness and limitations of using classic methods and demonstrate how the newly developed methods mitigate the issues of microbiome data. Second, we emphasize that concepts of correlation and association analyses have been shifted by introducing network analysis, microbe-metabolite interactions, functional analysis, etc. Third, we introduce multivariate correlation and association-based methods, which are organized by the categories of exploratory, interpretive, and discriminatory analyses and classification methods. Fourth, we focus on the hypothesis testing of univariate and multivariate regression-based association methods, including alpha and beta diversities-based, count-based, and relative abundance (or compositional)-based association analyses. We demonstrate the characteristics and limitations of each approaches. Fifth, we introduce two specific microbiome-based methods: phylogenetic tree-based association analysis and testing for survival outcomes. Sixth, we provide an overall view of longitudinal methods in analysis of microbiome and omics data, which cover standard, static, regression-based time series methods, principal trend analysis, and newly developed univariate overdispersed and zero-inflated as well as multivariate distance/kernel-based longitudinal models. Finally, we comment on current association analysis and future direction of association analysis in microbiome and multiomics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinglin Xia
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.
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39
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Ansari MH, Ebrahimi M, Fattahi MR, Gardner MG, Safarpour AR, Faghihi MA, Lankarani KB. Viral metagenomic analysis of fecal samples reveals an enteric virome signature in irritable bowel syndrome. BMC Microbiol 2020; 20:123. [PMID: 32429898 PMCID: PMC7236503 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-020-01817-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Changes in the enteric microbiota have been suggested to contribute to gastrointestinal diseases, including irritable bowel syndrome. Most of the published work is on bacterial dysbiosis with meager data on the role of the virome in irritable bowel syndrome and other gastrointestinal diseases. In the current study, we therefore aimed to investigate the viral community composition of the gut and test for potential dysbiosis linked to irritable bowel syndrome. RESULTS A metagenomics analysis on fecal samples of 50 individuals - 30 of whom met the Rome IV criteria for IBS and 20 healthy controls- was conducted. There was a noticeable alteration in viral taxa observed in association with irritable bowel syndrome when compared to healthy individuals - where some eukaryotic viral taxa noticeably prevail over others. We observed a significant decrease in the diversity and abundance of enteric virome particularly in eukaryotic viruses of Megavirales in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. CONCLUSIONS These findings shed light on a new hypothesis that the alteration of the viral taxa contributes to the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome and related symptoms, and therefore, pave the way for developing a new diagnostic biomarker or anti-viral drugs for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Hojat Ansari
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehregan Ebrahimi
- Department of Biology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Fars Province, Iran
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Mohammad Reza Fattahi
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Michael G Gardner
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Evolutionary Biology Unit, South Australian Museum, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Ali Reza Safarpour
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Faghihi
- Persian Bayan Gene Research and Training Center, Dr. Faghihi's Medical Genetics Center, Shiraz, Iran
- Center for Therapeutic Innovation, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Kamran Bagheri Lankarani
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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40
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Composition and function of oral microbiota between gingival squamous cell carcinoma and periodontitis. Oral Oncol 2020; 107:104710. [PMID: 32371264 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.104710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous studies have proved that periodontitis is an independent risk factor of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) epidemiologically. Along with the important role of microbiota in the cancer process and the specific anatomical position, our study explored the microbial composition and functions in periodontitis and gingival squamous cell carcinoma (GSCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS GSCC patients (n = 10), matched periodontitis patients (n = 15), and healthy individuals (n = 15) were recruited. Saliva, subgingival plaque, tongue dorsum, buccal mucosa, cancerous tissue, and paracancerous tissue samples were collected. 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing and functional prediction were applied for the taxonomic analysis. RESULTS Periodontal pathogens occupied 46% in GSCC. Besides, the mutual operational taxonomy unites (OTU) generated from the subgingival plaque occupied 38.36% and 44.13% from saliva. Fusobacterium, Peptostreptococcus, and Prevotella were more abundant in cancerous tissues, while Streptococcus, Neisseria, and Haemophilus were more enriched in saliva or soft mucosa. PCoA exhibited similar cluster between tongue dorsum and saliva in GSCC. GSCC showed lower richness than periodontitis. In saliva and subgingival plaque, Atopobium was more prevalent in GSCC than periodontitis and controls in descending order. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) biosynthesis increased in subgingival plaque of GSCC compared with the other two groups. CONCLUSION Periodontal pathogens were abundant in GSCC. Cancerous tissues harbor enriched periodontal pathogens while saliva or soft mucosa harbored more periodontal health related bacteria. A high level of Atopobium in saliva and LPS biosynthesis have the potential for increasing the risk of suffering from GSCC in individuals with periodontitis, which needs more evidence to clarify it.
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41
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Rao BC, Lou JM, Wang WJ, Li A, Cui GY, Yu ZJ, Ren ZG. Human microbiome is a diagnostic biomarker in hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2020; 19:109-115. [PMID: 32037278 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2020.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Increasing evidence indicates a close relationship between HCC and the human microbiota. Herein, we reviewed the important potential of the human microbiota as a diagnostic biomarker of HCC. DATA SOURCES Several innovative studies have investigated the characteristics of the gut and oral microbiomes in patients with HCC and proposed that the human microbiome has the potential to be a diagnostic biomarker of HCC. Literature from February 1999 to February 2019 was searched in the PubMed database using the keywords "microbiota" or "microbiome" or "microbe" and "liver cancer" or "hepatocellular carcinoma", and the results of clinical and experimental studies were analyzed. RESULTS Specific changes occur in the human microbiome of patients with HCC. Moreover, the gut microbiome and oral microbiome can be used as non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers for HCC. Furthermore, they also have certain diagnostic potential for precancerous diseases of HCC. The diagnostic potential of the blood microbiota and ascites microbiota in HCC will be gradually discovered in the future. CONCLUSIONS The human microbiome is valuable to the diagnosis of HCC and provides a novel strategy for targeted therapy of HCC. The human microbiome may be widely used in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis for multiple system diseases or cancers in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben-Chen Rao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Gene Hospital of Henan Province; Precision Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Jia-Min Lou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Gene Hospital of Henan Province; Precision Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Wei-Jie Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Ang Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Gene Hospital of Henan Province; Precision Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Guang-Ying Cui
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Gene Hospital of Henan Province; Precision Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Zu-Jiang Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Gene Hospital of Henan Province; Precision Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Ren
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Gene Hospital of Henan Province; Precision Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
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Abstract
The Archaea domain was recognized as a separate phylogenetic lineage in the tree of life nearly 3 decades ago. It is now known as part of the human microbiome; however, given that its roles in oral sites are still poorly understood, this review aimed to establish the current level of evidence regarding archaea in the oral cavity to guide future research, providing insights on the present knowledge about the human oral archaeome. A scoping review was conducted with the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews checklist. Five electronic databases were searched, as well as gray literature. Two independent reviewers performed the selection and characterization of the studies. Clinical studies were included when the target population consisted of humans of any age who were donors of samples from the oral cavity. A qualitative analysis was performed, based on the type of oral site and by considering the methods employed for archaeal identification and taxonomy, including the DNA extraction protocols, primers, and probes used. Fifty articles were included in the final scoping review, published from 1987 to 2019. Most studies sampled periodontal sites. Methanogens were the most abundant archaea in those sites, and their presence could be associated with other periodontal pathogens. No consistent relationship with different disease conditions was observed in studies that evaluated the microbiota surviving in endodontic sites. Few articles analyzed the presence of archaea in dental caries, saliva, or tongue microbiota, as well as in archaeologic samples, also showing a relationship with healthy microbiota. Archaea have been detected in different oral niches of individuals from diverse geographic locations and clinical conditions, suggesting potential roles in oral diseases. Methodological limitations may hamper our current knowledge about archaeal diversity and prevalence in oral samples, and future research with diversified methodological approaches may lead to a better comprehension of the human oral archaeome.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Belmok
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - J A de Cena
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Heath Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - C M Kyaw
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - N Damé-Teixeira
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Heath Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
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Panda M, Rai AK, Rahman T, Das A, Das R, Sarma A, Kataki AC, Chattopadhyay I. Alterations of salivary microbial community associated with oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients. Arch Microbiol 2019; 202:785-805. [PMID: 31832691 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-019-01790-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The highest number (35.1% of global incident cases) of new oropharyngeal (OP) and hypopharyngeal (HP) cancer cases was reported in South-Central Asia. The highest incidence of HP cancer in India was reported in East Khasi Hills District of Meghalaya, Aizawl District of Mizoram, and Kamrup Urban District of Assam. HP and OP cancer showed the highest mortality rate, worst prognoses and the highest rate of nodal metastases and distant metastases. Thus, research is required to detect specific biomarkers for early prevention and diagnosis for these cancers. Oral microbiome signatures in saliva are considered as a potential diagnostic biomarker for OP and HP cancer. Bacterial profile alterations in OP and HP cancer have not been reported in India population, to establish the association of oral bacteria in the progression of OP and HP cancer; we studied bacterial communities in saliva of eight OP and seven HP cancer patients as compared to healthy controls using 16S rRNA V3-V4 region sequencing. The higher abundance of Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Haemophilus influenzae and Prevotella copri and lower abundance of Rothia mucilaginosa, Aggregatibacter segnis, Veillonella dispar, Prevotella nanceiensis, Rothia aeria, Capnocytophaga ochracea, Neisseria bacilliformis, Prevotella nigrescens and Selenomonas noxia in saliva of OP and HP cancer patients may be considered as a non-invasive diagnostic biomarker for OP and HP cancer patients. Streptococcus anginosus may be considered as a non-invasive diagnostic biomarker for OP cancer patients only. Therefore, evaluation of salivary microbial biomarkers may be informative to understand the pathobiology and carcinogenesis of OP and HP cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhusmita Panda
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur, 610005, India
| | - Avdhesh Kumar Rai
- Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, A. K. Azad Road, Gopinath Nagar, Guwahati, Assam, 781016, India
| | - Tashnin Rahman
- Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, A. K. Azad Road, Gopinath Nagar, Guwahati, Assam, 781016, India
| | - Ashok Das
- Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, A. K. Azad Road, Gopinath Nagar, Guwahati, Assam, 781016, India
| | - Rajjyoti Das
- Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, A. K. Azad Road, Gopinath Nagar, Guwahati, Assam, 781016, India
| | - Anupam Sarma
- Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, A. K. Azad Road, Gopinath Nagar, Guwahati, Assam, 781016, India
| | - Amal Ch Kataki
- Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, A. K. Azad Road, Gopinath Nagar, Guwahati, Assam, 781016, India
| | - Indranil Chattopadhyay
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur, 610005, India.
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Wongsurawat T, Nakagawa M, Atiq O, Coleman HN, Jenjaroenpun P, Allred JI, Trammel A, Puengrang P, Ussery DW, Nookaew I. An assessment of Oxford Nanopore sequencing for human gut metagenome profiling: A pilot study of head and neck cancer patients. J Microbiol Methods 2019; 166:105739. [PMID: 31626891 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2019.105739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Gut metagenome profiling using the Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) sequencer was assessed in a pilot-sized study of 10 subjects. The taxonomic abundance of gut microbiota derived from ONT was comparable with Illumina Technology (IT) for the high-abundance species. IT better detected low-abundance species through amplification, when material was limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thidathip Wongsurawat
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Mayumi Nakagawa
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Omar Atiq
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Hannah N Coleman
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Piroon Jenjaroenpun
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - James I Allred
- Cancer Clinical Trials and Regulatory Affairs Office, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Angela Trammel
- Cancer Clinical Trials and Regulatory Affairs Office, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Pantakan Puengrang
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, School of Bioresources and Technology, School of Information Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10150, Thailand
| | - David W Ussery
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Intawat Nookaew
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
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45
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Newman TM, Krishnan LP, Lee J, Adami GR. Microbiomic differences at cancer-prone oral mucosa sites with marijuana usage. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12697. [PMID: 31481657 PMCID: PMC6722050 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48768-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Marijuana smoke contains cannabinoids, immunosuppressants, and a mixture of potentially-mutagenic chemicals. In addition to systemic disease, it is thought to contribute to oral disease, such as tooth loss, tissue changes in the gums and throat, and possibly oral pharyngeal cancer. We used a cross-sectional study of 20 marijuana users and 19 control non-users, to determine if chronic inhalation-based exposure to marijuana was associated with a distinct oral microbiota at the two most common sites of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), the lateral border of the tongue and the oral pharynx. At the tongue site, genera earlier shown to be enriched on HNSCC mucosa, Capnocytophaga, Fusobacterium, and Porphyromonas, were at low levels in marijuana users, while Rothia, which is found at depressed levels on HNSCC mucosa, was high. At the oral pharynx site, differences in bacteria were distinct, with higher levels of Selenomonas and lower levels of Streptococcus which is what is seen in HNSCC. No evidence was seen for a contribution of marijuana product contaminating bacteria to these differences. This study revealed differences in the surface oral mucosal microbiota with frequent smoking of marijuana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor M Newman
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 801 South Paulina Street, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Laya P Krishnan
- Department of Oral Medicine & Diagnostic Sciences, Center for Molecular Biology of Oral Diseases, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 801 South Paulina Street, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jessica Lee
- Department of Oral Medicine & Diagnostic Sciences, Center for Molecular Biology of Oral Diseases, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 801 South Paulina Street, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Guy R Adami
- Department of Oral Medicine & Diagnostic Sciences, Center for Molecular Biology of Oral Diseases, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 801 South Paulina Street, Chicago, IL, USA.
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46
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Recent trends of saliva omics biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of oral cancer. J Oral Biosci 2019; 61:84-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Liu X, Yang QF, Gan N, Yang DQ. [Oral microbiological diversity in patients with salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2019; 37:304-308. [PMID: 31218867 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2019.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to identify the differences in microbial diversity and community in patients with salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC). METHODS Saliva was collected from 13 patients with SACC confirmed by histopathological diagnosis and 10 healthy control subjects. Total metagenomic DNA was extracted. The DNA amplicons of the V3-V4 hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene were generated and subjected to high-throughput sequencing. Microbial diversity and community structure were analyzed with Mothur software. RESULTS A total of 16 genera of dominant bacteria in the SACC group were found, including Streptococcus (36.68%), Neisseria (8.55%), Prevotella_7 (7.53%), and Veillonella (6.37%), whereas 15 dominant bacteria in the control group were found, including Streptococcus (18.41%), Neisseria (18.20%), Prevotella_7 (8.89%), Porphyromonas (6.20%), Fusobacterium (5.86%) and Veillonella (5.82%). The statistically different phyla between the two groups were Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Fusobacterium (P<0.05). The statistically different genera between the two groups were Streptococcus, Neisseria and Porphyromonas (P<0.05), and Capnocytophaga was only detected in patients with SACC. CONCLUSIONS Significant differences were observed in the oral microorganisms between the two groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Liu
- Dept. of Implant, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Qi-Fen Yang
- Dept. of Implant, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Ning Gan
- Dept. of Implant, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - De-Qin Yang
- Dept. of Implant, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing 401147, China
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Robledo‐Sierra J, Ben‐Amy DP, Varoni E, Bavarian R, Simonsen JL, Paster BJ, Wade WG, Kerr AR, Peterson DE, Frandsen Lau E. World Workshop on Oral Medicine VII: Targeting the oral microbiome Part 2: Current knowledge on malignant and potentially malignant oral disorders. Oral Dis 2019; 25 Suppl 1:28-48. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.13107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dalit Porat Ben‐Amy
- Oral Medicine Unit Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery The Baruch Padeh Medical Center Poriya Israel
| | - Elena Varoni
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences University of Milan Milan Italy
| | - Roxanne Bavarian
- Division of Oral Medicine and Dentistry Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston Massachusetts
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Harvard University Cambridge Massachusetts
| | - Janne L. Simonsen
- Aarhus University Library – Health Sciences Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark
| | | | - William G. Wade
- Centre for Host‐Microbiome Interactions Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences King's College London London UK
| | - Alexander R. Kerr
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Radiology and Medicine New York University College of Medicine New York City New York
| | - Douglas E. Peterson
- Oral Medicine Section School of Dental Medicine UConn Health University of Connecticut Mansfield Connecticut
| | - Ellen Frandsen Lau
- Section for Periodontology Department of Dentistry and Oral Health Faculty of Health Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark
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Culture-independent studies on bacterial dysbiosis in oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2019; 139:31-40. [PMID: 31112880 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2019.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Imbalance within the resident bacterial community (dysbiosis), rather than the presence and activity of a single organism, has been proposed to be associated with, and to influence, the development and progression of various diseases; however, the existence and significance of dysbiosis in oral/oropharyngeal cancer is yet to be clearly established. A systematic search (conducted on 25/01/2018 and updated on 25/05/2018) was performed on three databases (Pubmed, Web of Science & Scopus) to identify studies employing culture-independent methods which investigated the bacterial community in oral/oropharyngeal cancer patients compared to control subjects. Of the 1546 texts screened, only fifteen publications met the pre-determined selection criteria. Data extracted from 731 cases and 809 controls overall, could not identify consistent enrichment of any particular taxon in oral/oropharyngeal cancers, although common taxa could be identified between studies. Six studies reported the enrichment of Fusobacteria in cancer at different taxonomic levels whereas four studies reported an increase in Parvimonas. Changes in microbial diversity remained inconclusive, with four studies showing a higher diversity in controls, three studies showing a higher diversity in tumors and three additional studies showing no difference between tumors and controls. Even though most studies identified a component of dysbiosis in oral/oropharyngeal cancer, methodological and analytical variations prevented a standardized summary, which highlights the necessity for studies of superior quality and magnitude employing standardized methodology and reporting. Indeed an holistic metagenomic approach is likely to be more meaningful, as is understanding of the overall metabolome, rather than a mere enumeration of the organisms present.
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Cuschieri K, Lorincz AT, Nedjai B. Human Papillomavirus Research: Where Should We Place Our Bets? Acta Cytol 2019; 63:85-96. [PMID: 30921789 DOI: 10.1159/000493800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Massive strides have been made with respect to primary and secondary prevention of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated disease as a result of prophylactic vaccination and cervical screening based on molecular HPV testing. However, cervical cancer continues to be an important clinical and societal burden. Additionally, other HPV-associated cancers, for which there are no screening programmes, are rising. Finally, the optimal combination of vaccination and screening strategies will require careful thinking. Considering this unprecedented and important time, we were keen to solicit the views of the expert community to determine what they perceived were the key priorities for HPV research. Our objective was to identify consensus and key priorities for HPV-based research through provision of a questionnaire disseminated to a multidisciplinary group of key opinion leaders (KOLs). SUMMARY A structured survey composed of 46 HPV research "categories" was sent to 73 KOLs who were invited to "rank" the categories according to priority. The invitees represented clinical and public health disciplines as well as basic scientists. Scores were weighted according to the number of responses. Invitees also had the opportunity to comment on barriers to the research and suggest other research areas that required attention not reflected in the survey. We received 29 responses in total; overall, the 3 highest-ranked categories were "optimal cervical screening in low and middle-income countries (LMICs)," "primary disease prevention in LMICs" and "impact of vaccine on HPV infection and associated disease." "HPV and the microbiome" and "mechanisms of transformation" were the highest-ranked categories with respect to basic research. Consistent barriers to research were around governance on the use of samples and data and funding, particularly in an era of vaccination. Key Messages: Research to support the management of disease in LMICs is clearly perceived as a priority in the international community in addition to other diverse areas which necessitate an improved basic understanding of viral mechanisms and interactions. International, multidisciplinary efforts which articulate the broader HPV research agenda will be important when seeking funding in addition to international endeavours to support the efficient use of existing samples and cohorts to facilitate such research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Cuschieri
- Scottish HPV Reference Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Attila T Lorincz
- Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Centre for Cancer Prevention, Queen Mary University of London, Barts and the London School of Medicine, London, United Kingdom,
| | - Belinda Nedjai
- Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Centre for Cancer Prevention, Queen Mary University of London, Barts and the London School of Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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