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Lu Q, Li H, Liu H, Xu Z, Saikaly PE, Zhang W. A fast microbial nitrogen-assimilation technology enhances nitrogen migration and single-cell-protein production in high-ammonia piggery wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 257:119329. [PMID: 38851372 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Conventional methods, such as freshwater dilution and ammonia stripping, have been widely employed for microalgae-based piggery wastewater (PW) treatment, but they cause high freshwater consumption and intensive ammonia loss, respectively. This present work developed a novel fast microbial nitrogen-assimilation technology by integrating nitrogen starvation, zeolite-based adsorption, pH control, and co-culture of microalgae-yeast for the PW treatment. Among them, the nitrogen starvation accelerated the nitrogen removal and shortened the treatment period, but it could not improve the tolerance level of microalgal cells to ammonia toxicity based on oxidative stress. Therefore, zeolite was added to reduce the initial total ammonia-nitrogen concentration to around 300 mg/L by ammonia adsorption. Slowly releasing ammonia at the later phase maintained the total ammonia-nitrogen concentration in the PW. However, the pH increase could cause lots of ammonia loss air and pollution and inhibit the desorption of ammonia from zeolite and the growth and metabolism of microalgae during the microalgae cultivation. Thus, the highest biomass yield (3.25 g/L) and nitrogen recovery ratio (40.31%) were achieved when the pH of PW was controlled at 6.0. After combining the co-cultivation of microalgae-yeast, the carbon-nitrogen co-assimilation and the alleviation of pH fluctuation further enhanced the nutrient removal and nitrogen migration to high-protein biomass. Consequently, the fast microbial nitrogen-assimilation technology can help update the industrial system for high-ammonia wastewater treatment by improving the treatment and nitrogen recovery rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Lu
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, China
| | - Huankai Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China; Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China.
| | - Hui Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China.
| | - Zhimin Xu
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Pascal E Saikaly
- Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wenxiang Zhang
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Ecological Security and Green Development, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, China.
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2
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Si L, Zhang S, Su X, Li M. Structural basis for the distinct core-antenna assembly of cryptophyte photosystem II. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6812. [PMID: 39122741 PMCID: PMC11316039 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51206-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Photosystem II (PSII) catalyzes the light-driven charge separation and water oxidation reactions of photosynthesis. Eukaryotic PSII core is usually associated with membrane-embedded light-harvesting antennae, which greatly increase the absorbance cross-section of the core. The peripheral antennae in different phototrophs vary considerably in protein composition and arrangement. Photosynthetic cryptophytes possess chlorophyll a/c binding proteins (CACs) that serve as their antennae. How these CACs assemble with the PSII core remains unclear. Here, we report the 2.57-Å resolution structure of cryptophyte PSII-CAC purified from cells at nitrogen-limited stationary growth phase. We show that each monomer of the PSII homodimer contains a core complex, six chlorophyll a/c binding proteins (CACs) and a previously unseen chlorophyll-binding protein (termed CAL-II). Six CACs are arranged as a double-layered arc-shaped non-parallel belt, and two such belts attach to the dimeric core from opposite sides. The CAL-II simultaneously interacts with a number of core subunits and five CACs. The distinct organization of CACs and the presence of CAL-II may play a critical role in stabilizing the dimeric PSII-CAC complex under stress conditions. Our study provides mechanistic insights into the assembly and function of the PSII-CAC complex as well as the possible adaptation of cryptophytes in response to environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Si
- Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules (CAS), National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shumeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules (CAS), National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodong Su
- Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules (CAS), National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules (CAS), National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Holweg MMSF, Kaiser E, Kappers IF, Heuvelink E, Marcelis LFM. The role of red and white light in optimizing growth and accumulation of plant specialized metabolites at two light intensities in medical cannabis ( Cannabis sativa L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1393803. [PMID: 38957608 PMCID: PMC11217568 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1393803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
The cultivation of medical cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) is expanding in controlled environments, driven by evolving governmental regulations for healthcare supply. Increasing inflorescence weight and plant specialized metabolite (PSM) concentrations is critical, alongside maintaining product consistency. Medical cannabis is grown under different spectra and photosynthetic photon flux densities (PPFD), the interaction between spectrum and PPFD on inflorescence weight and PSM attracts attention by both industrialists and scientists. Plants were grown in climate-controlled rooms without solar light, where four spectra were applied: two low-white spectra (7B-20G-73R/Narrow and 6B-19G-75R/2Peaks), and two high-white (15B-42G-43R/Narrow and 17B-40G-43R/Broad) spectra. The low-white spectra differed in red wavelength peaks (100% 660 nm, versus 50:50% of 640:660 nm), the high-white spectra differed in spectrum broadness. All four spectra were applied at 600 and 1200 μmol m-2 s-1. Irrespective of PPFD, white light with a dual red peak of 640 and 660 nm (6B-19G-75R/2Peaks) increased inflorescence weight, compared to white light with a single red peak of 660 nm (7B-20G-73R/Narrow) (tested at P = 0.1); this was associated with higher total plant dry matter production and a more open plant architecture, which likely enhanced light capture. At high PPFD, increasing white fraction and spectrum broadness (17B-40G-43R/Broad) produced similar inflorescence weights compared to white light with a dual red peak of 640 and 660 nm (6B-19G-75R/2Peaks). This was caused by an increase of both plant dry matter production and dry matter partitioning to the inflorescences. No spectrum or PPFD effects on cannabinoid concentrations were observed, although at high PPFD white light with a dual red peak of 640 and 660 nm (6B-19G-75R/2Peaks) increased terpenoid concentrations compared to the other spectra. At low PPFD, the combination of white light with 640 and 660 nm increased photosynthetic efficiency compared with white light with a single red peak of 660nm, indicating potential benefits in light use efficiency and promoting plant dry matter production. These results indicate that the interaction between spectrum and PPFD influences plant dry matter production. Dividing the light energy in the red waveband over both 640 and 660 nm equally shows potential in enhancing photosynthesis and plant dry matter production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elias Kaiser
- Horticulture and Product Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Iris F. Kappers
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Ep Heuvelink
- Horticulture and Product Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Leo F. M. Marcelis
- Horticulture and Product Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
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Sahay S, Grzybowski M, Schnable JC, Głowacka K. Genotype-specific nonphotochemical quenching responses to nitrogen deficit are linked to chlorophyll a to b ratios. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 297:154261. [PMID: 38705078 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) protects plants from photodamage caused by excess light energy. Substantial variation in NPQ has been reported among different genotypes of the same species. However, comparatively little is known about how environmental perturbations, including nutrient deficits, impact natural variation in NPQ kinetics. Here, we analyzed a natural variation in NPQ kinetics of a diversity panel of 225 maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes under nitrogen replete and nitrogen deficient field conditions. Individual maize genotypes from a diversity panel exhibited a range of changes in NPQ in response to low nitrogen. Replicated genotypes exhibited consistent responses across two field experiments conducted in different years. At the seedling and pre-flowering stages, a similar portion of the genotypes (∼33%) showed decrease, no-change or increase in NPQ under low nitrogen relative to control. Genotypes with increased NPQ under low nitrogen also showed greater reductions in dry biomass and photosynthesis than genotypes with stable NPQ when exposed to low nitrogen conditions. Maize genotypes where an increase in NPQ was observed under low nitrogen also exhibited a reduction in the ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b. Our results underline that since thermal dissipation of excess excitation energy measured via NPQ helps to balance the energy absorbed with energy utilized, the NPQ changes are the reflection of broader molecular and biochemical changes which occur under the stresses such as low soil fertility. Here, we have demonstrated that variation in NPQ kinetics resulted from genetic and environmental factors, are not independent of each other. Natural genetic variation controlling plastic responses of NPQ kinetics to environmental perturbation increases the likelihood it will be possible to optimize NPQ kinetics in crop plants for different environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Sahay
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA; Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA.
| | - Marcin Grzybowski
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA; Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA; Department of Plant Molecular Ecophysiology, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Plant Experimental Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warsaw, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - James C Schnable
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA; Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA.
| | - Katarzyna Głowacka
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA; Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA; Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-479, Poznań, Poland.
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5
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Gao T, Liu X, Xu S, Yu X, Zhang D, Tan K, Zhou Y, Jia X, Zhang Z, Ma F, Li C. Melatonin confers tolerance to nitrogen deficiency through regulating MdHY5 in apple plants. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 117:1115-1129. [PMID: 37966861 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is an essential nutrient for crop growth and development, significantly influencing both yield and quality. Melatonin (MT), a known enhancer of abiotic stress tolerance, has been extensively studied. However, its relationship with nutrient stress, particularly N deficiency, and the underlying regulatory mechanisms of MT on N absorption remain unclear. In this study, exogenous MT treatment was found to improve the tolerance of apple plants to N deficiency. Apple plants overexpressing the MT biosynthetic gene N-acetylserotonin methyltransferase 9 (MdASMT9) were used to further investigate the effects of endogenous MT on low-N stress. Overexpression of MdASMT9 improved the light harvesting and heat transfer capability of apple plants, thereby mitigating the detrimental effects of N deficiency on the photosynthetic system. Proteomic and physiological data analyses indicated that MdASMT9 overexpression enhanced the trichloroacetic acid cycle and positively modulated amino acid metabolism to counteract N-deficiency stress. Additionally, both exogenous and endogenous MT promoted the transcription of MdHY5, which in turn bound to the MdNRT2.1 and MdNRT2.4 promoters and activated their expression. Notably, MT-mediated promotion of MdNRT2.1 and MdNRT2.4 expression through regulating MdHY5, ultimately enhancing N absorption. Taken together, these findings shed light on the association between MdASMT9-mediated MT biosynthesis and N absorption in apple plants under N-deficiency conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengteng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Danni Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kexin Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xumei Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
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6
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Rehman A, Khan S, Sun F, Peng Z, Feng K, Wang N, Jia Y, Pan Z, He S, Wang L, Qayyum A, Du X, Li H. Exploring the nano-wonders: unveiling the role of Nanoparticles in enhancing salinity and drought tolerance in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1324176. [PMID: 38304455 PMCID: PMC10831664 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1324176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Plants experience diverse abiotic stresses, encompassing low or high temperature, drought, water logging and salinity. The challenge of maintaining worldwide crop cultivation and food sustenance becomes particularly serious due to drought and salinity stress. Sustainable agriculture has significant promise with the use of nano-biotechnology. Nanoparticles (NPs) have evolved into remarkable assets to improve agricultural productivity under the robust climate alteration and increasing drought and salinity stress severity. Drought and salinity stress adversely impact plant development, and physiological and metabolic pathways, leading to disturbances in cell membranes, antioxidant activities, photosynthetic system, and nutrient uptake. NPs protect the membrane and photosynthetic apparatus, enhance photosynthetic efficiency, optimize hormone and phenolic levels, boost nutrient intake and antioxidant activities, and regulate gene expression, thereby strengthening plant's resilience to drought and salinity stress. In this paper, we explored the classification of NPs and their biological effects, nanoparticle absorption, plant toxicity, the relationship between NPs and genetic engineering, their molecular pathways, impact of NPs in salinity and drought stress tolerance because the effects of NPs vary with size, shape, structure, and concentration. We emphasized several areas of research that need to be addressed in future investigations. This comprehensive review will be a valuable resource for upcoming researchers who wish to embrace nanotechnology as an environmentally friendly approach for enhancing drought and salinity tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Rehman
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Sana Khan
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Fenlei Sun
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhen Peng
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Keyun Feng
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yinhua Jia
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Zhaoe Pan
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shoupu He
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- National Supercomputer Center in Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lidong Wang
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Abdul Qayyum
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Xiongming Du
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Hongge Li
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
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Zuo G, Huo J, Yang X, Mei W, Zhang R, Khan A, Feng N, Zheng D. Photosynthetic mechanisms underlying NaCl-induced salinity tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:41. [PMID: 38195408 PMCID: PMC10777521 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04723-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salinity stress is an environmental constraint that normally develops concurrently under field conditions, resulting in drastic limitation of rice plant growth and grain productivity. The objective of this study was to explore the alleviating effects of NaCl pre-treatment on rice seedlings as well as the salt tolerance mechanisms by evaluating morph-physiological traits. RESULTS Variety Huanghuazhan, either soaked in distilled water or 25 mg/L Prohexadione calcium (Pro-Ca), were first hardened with varying concentrations of NaCl solutions (0 and 50 mM NaCl), and then subjected to varying degrees of salt stress (0 and 100 mM NaCl), indicated by S0, S1, S2 and S3, respectively. Growth analysis suggested that NaCl-pretreatment improved the root/shoot ratio in water-soaked rice plant at DAP 0. Data related to the reaction center density, photosynthetic electron transport efficiency, trapping efficiency were compared before (CK) using performance Index (PIabs). Compared to S2 (Pro-Ca-S2) treatment, PIabs did not show any difference with plants pre-treated with NaCl (S3 or Pro-Ca-S3). Rather than PIabs, significant difference was found in photosynthetic electron transport efficiency (ΨEo). The ΨEo value in Pro-S2 was significantly lowered as compared to Pro-S3 treatment at DAP 7, and the decrease rate was about 6.5%. Correlation analysis indicated leaf PIabs was weak correlated with plant biomass while the quantum yield for reduction of the PSI end electron acceptors, trapped energy flux per reaction center and PSII antenna size displayed strong positive correlation with biomass. Additional analysis revealed that 100 mM NaCl significantly reduced leaf linear electron flux under low-light conditions, regardless of whether seedlings had been pre-treated with 50 mM NaCl or not. CONCLUSIONS NaCl-induced salt tolerance was related to the robust photosynthetic machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanqiang Zuo
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524008, China
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, 712100, China
| | - Jingxin Huo
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524008, China
| | - Xiaohui Yang
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524008, China
| | - Wanqi Mei
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524008, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524008, China
| | - Aaqil Khan
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524008, China
| | - Naijie Feng
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524008, China
- National Saline-tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, South China, Zhanjiang, 524008, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518108, China
| | - Dianfeng Zheng
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524008, China.
- National Saline-tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, South China, Zhanjiang, 524008, China.
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518108, China.
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Salman JM, Majrashi N, Hassan FM, Al-Sabri A, Abdul-Adel Jabar E, Ameen F. Cultivation of blue green algae (Arthrospira platensis Gomont, 1892) in wastewater for biodiesel production. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 335:139107. [PMID: 37270039 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The production of biodiesel has become an important issue in the effort to reduce gas emissions due to the climate change crisis; therefore, algae have widely used to produce biodiesel for energy sustainability. The present study represented an effort to assess the ability of the alga Arthrospira platensis to produce fatty acids involved in biofuel (diesel) by cultivation in Zarrouk media enriched with different municipal wastewater concentrations. Wastewater was used in different concentrations (5, 15, 25, 35 and 100% [control]). Five fatty acids from the alga were determined and included in the present study. These were inoleic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid. Impact of different cultivation conditions were studied in terms of observed changes in growth rate, doubling time, total carbohydrate, total protein, chlorophyll a, carotenoids, phycocyanin, allophycocyanin, and phycobiliproteins. Results showed an increase in the values of growth rate, total protein content, chlorophyll a, and levels of carotenoids at all treatments except for carbohydrate content, which decreased with an increasing concentration of wastewater. The high value of doubling time (11.605 days) was recorded at treatment 5%. Fatty acids yields were increased at treatment 5% and 15%. The highest concentrations of fatty acids were 3.108 mg/g for oleic acid, gamma-linolenic acid (28.401 mg/g), docosahexaenoic acid (41.707 mg/g), palmitic acid (1.305 mg/g), and linoleic acid (0.296 mg/g). Moreover, the range of phycocyanin (0.017-0.084 mg/l), allophycocyanin (0.023-0.095 mg/l), and phycobiliproteins (0.041-0.180 mg/l) were obtained in treatment with 15-100%, respectively. Cultivation with municipal wastewater reduced the values of nitrate, phosphate, and electrical conductivity as well as increased dissolved oxygen. Maximum electrical conductivity was recorded in untreated wastewater with algae, while the highest level of dissolved oxygen was noted at 35% concentration. The use of the household wastewater is more environmentally friendly as an alternative of the traditional cultivation techniques used for long-term for biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Najwa Majrashi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fikrat M Hassan
- Department of Biology, College of Science for Woman, University of Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Al-Sabri
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Fuad Ameen
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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9
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Bellver M, Díez-Montero R, Escola M, Matamoros V, Ferrer I. Phycobiliprotein recovery coupled to the tertiary treatment of wastewater in semi-continuous photobioreactors. Tracking contaminants of emerging concern. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023:129287. [PMID: 37286047 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated a tertiary wastewater treatment technology using cyanobacteria to recover value-added phycobiliproteins. The presence of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in wastewater, cyanobacteria biomass and pigments recovered were also analyzed. For this, a wastewater-borne cyanobacterium (Synechocystis sp. R2020) was used to treat secondary effluent from a municipal wastewater treatment plant, with and without nutrients supplementation. Then, the stability of phycobiliprotein production was assessed by operating the photobioreactor in semi-continuous mode. Results showed similar biomass productivity with and without nutrients supplementation (153.5 and 146.7 mg L-1 d-1, respectively). Upon semi-continuous operation, the phycobiliprotein content was stable and reached up to 74.7 mg gDW-1. The phycocyanin purity ratio ranged from 0.5 to 0.8, corresponding to food grade (> 0.7). Out of 22 CECs detected in secondary effluent, only 3 were present in the phycobiliprotein extract. In order to identify applications, prospective research should focus on CECs removal during pigment purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Bellver
- GEMMA - Environmental Engineering and Microbiology Research Group, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya·BarcelonaTech, c/ Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, E-08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rubén Díez-Montero
- GEMMA - Environmental Engineering and Microbiology Research Group, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya·BarcelonaTech, c/ Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, E-08034, Barcelona, Spain; GIA - Group of Environmental Engineering, Department of Water and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Universidad de Cantabria, Avda. Los Castros s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Monica Escola
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, c/Jordi Girona, 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Víctor Matamoros
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, c/Jordi Girona, 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ivet Ferrer
- GEMMA - Environmental Engineering and Microbiology Research Group, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya·BarcelonaTech, c/ Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, E-08034, Barcelona, Spain.
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Stefanov M, Rashkov G, Borisova P, Apostolova E. Sensitivity of the Photosynthetic Apparatus in Maize and Sorghum under Different Drought Levels. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12091863. [PMID: 37176921 PMCID: PMC10180982 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of the main environmental stress factors affecting plant growth and yield. The impact of different PEG concentrations on the photosynthetic performance of maize (Zea mays L. Mayflower) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Foehn) was investigated. The activity of the photosynthetic apparatus was assessed using chlorophyll fluorescence (PAM and JIP test) and photooxidation of P700. The data revealed that water deficiency decreased the photochemical quenching (qP), the ratio of photochemical to nonphotochemical processes (Fv/Fo), the effective quantum yield of the photochemical energy conversion in PSII (ΦPSII), the rate of the electron transport (ETR), and the performance indexes PItotal and PIABS, as the impact was stronger in sorghum than in maize and depended on drought level. The PSI photochemistry (P700 photooxidation) in sorghum was inhibited after the application of all studied drought levels, while in maize, it was registered only after treatment with higher PEG concentrations (30% and 40%). Enhanced regulated energy losses (ΦNPQ) and activation of the state transition under drought were also observed in maize, while in sorghum, an increase mainly in nonregulated energy losses (ΦNO). A decrease in pigment content and relative water content and an increase in membrane damage were also registered after PEG treatment. The experimental results showed better drought tolerance of maize than sorghum. This study provides new information about the role of regulated energy losses and state transition for the protection of the photosynthetic apparatus under drought and might be a practical approach to the determination of the drought tolerance of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Stefanov
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Georgi Rashkov
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Preslava Borisova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Emilia Apostolova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
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11
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Huang X, Lin J, Liang J, Kou E, Cai W, Zheng Y, Zhang H, Zhang X, Liu Y, Li W, Lei B. Pyridinic Nitrogen Doped Carbon Dots Supply Electrons to Improve Photosynthesis and Extracellular Electron Transfer of Chlorella pyrenoidosa. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2206222. [PMID: 36907994 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Optimizing photosynthesis is imperative for providing energy and organics for all life on the earth. Here, carbon dots doped with pyridinic nitrogen (named lev-CDs) are synthesized by the one-pot hydrothermal method, and the structure-function relationship between functional groups on lev-CDs and photosynthesis of Chlorella pyrenoidosa (C. pyrenoidosa) is proposed. Pyridinic nitrogen plays a key role in the positive effect on photosynthesis caused by lev-CDs. In detail, lev-CDs act as electron donors to supply photo-induced electrons to P680+ and QA+ , causing electron transfer from lev-CDs to the photosynthetic electron transport chain in the photosystems. In return, the recombination efficiency of electron-hole pairs on lev-CDs decreases. As a result, the electron transfer rate in the electron transport chain, the activity of photosystem II, and the Calvin cycle are enhanced. Moreover, the electron transfer rate between C. pyrenoidosa and external circumstances enhanced by lev-CDs is about 50%, and electrons exported from C. pyrenoidosa can be used to reduce iron(III). This study is of great significance for engineering nanomaterials to improve photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoman Huang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Junjie Lin
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jiarong Liang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Erfeng Kou
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wenxiao Cai
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yinjian Zheng
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Chengdu, 610218, China
| | - Haoran Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, Guangdong, 525100, China
| | - Xuejie Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yingliang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Bingfu Lei
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, Guangdong, 525100, China
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12
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Abdelkhalik A, Abd El-Mageed TA, Mohamed IAA, Semida WM, Al-Elwany OAAI, Ibrahim IM, Hemida KA, El-Saadony MT, AbuQamar SF, El-Tarabily KA, Gyushi MAH. Soil application of effective microorganisms and nitrogen alleviates salt stress in hot pepper ( Capsicum annum L.) plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1079260. [PMID: 36743545 PMCID: PMC9889995 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1079260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The application of effective microorganisms (EMs) and/or nitrogen (N) have a stimulating effect on plants against abiotic stress conditions. The aim of the present study was to determine the impact of the co-application of EMs and N on growth, physio-biochemical attributes, anatomical structures, nutrients acquisition, capsaicin, protein, and osmoprotectant contents, as well as the antioxidative defense system of hot pepper (Capsicum annum L.) plants. In the field trials, EMs were not applied (EMs-) or applied (EMs+) along with three N rates of 120, 150, and 180 kg unit N ha-1 (designated as N120, N150, and N180, respectively) to hot pepper plants grown in saline soils (9.6 dS m-1). The application of EMs and/or high N levels attenuated the salt-induced damages to hot pepper growth and yield. The application of EMs+ with either N150 or N180 increased the number, average weight and yield of fruits by 14.4 or 17.0%, 20.8 or 20.8% and 28.4 or 27.5%, respectively, compared to hot pepper plants treated with the recommended dose (EMs- × N150). When EMs+ was individually applied or combined with either N150 or N180, increased accumulation of capsaicin were observed by 16.7 or 20.8%, protein by 12.5 or 16.7%, proline by 19.0 or 14.3%, and total soluble sugars by 3.7 or 7.4%, respectively, in comparison with those treated with the integrative EMs- × N150. In addition, the non-enzymatic contents (ascorbate, and glutathione) and enzymatic activities (catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione reductase) of the antioxidant defense systems significantly increased in hot pepper plants treated with EMs+ alone or combined with N150 or N180 under salt stress conditions. Higher accumulation of nutrients (N, P, K+, and Ca2+) along with reduced Na+ acquisition was also evidenced in response to EMs+ or/and high N levels. Most anatomical features of stems and leaves recovered in hot pepper plants grown in saline soils and supplied with EMs+ and N. The application of EMs and N is undoubtedly opening new sustainable approaches toward enhancing abiotic stress tolerance in crops (e.g. hot pepper).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Wael M. Semida
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | | | - Ibrahim M. Ibrahim
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed T. El-Saadony
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Synan F. AbuQamar
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khaled A. El-Tarabily
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
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13
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Li J, Xu M, Wang J, Lan C, Lai J. Effects of nutrient limitation on cell growth, exopolysaccharide secretion and TEP production of Phaeocystis globosa. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 183:105801. [PMID: 36399939 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2022.105801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Phaeocystis globosa (P. globosa) often colonizes and produces mucus, which may cause massive blooms in coastal areas. To understand mechanism of the growth and the impact factors for better control of the bloom, we conducted a laboratory experiment on the effect of nitrogen (N) or phosphorus (P) limitation on the cell growth, production of exopolysaccharide (EPS), and transparent exopolymeric particles (TEP) of P. globosa. Results show no obvious differences in the N- and/or P-limitation in TEP production, polysaccharide secretion, and colony growth of P. globosa. Particularly in the death phase of the algae growth, the TEP production level in the experiment differed significantly, and was higher in the P-limitation group than that in the N-limitation group; additionally, the P-limitation group produced a relatively higher amount of EPS than N-limitation group, with greater cellular chlorophyll-a content, and in greater photosynthetic reaction rate of P. globosa cells, than those of the N-limitation group. However, under N-limited conditions, the algae colony survived longer. Under P-limited condition, P. globosa cells spend the photosynthesis-produced substances and energy for the secretion of extracellular substances but for cell reproduction, which was indicated by P. globosa cell growth and carbon content ratio between TEP and biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Guangxi Beibu Gulf Marine Research Center, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China; Beibu Gulf Marine Industry Research Institute, Fangchenggang, 538000, China
| | - Mingben Xu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Guangxi Beibu Gulf Marine Research Center, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China; Beibu Gulf Marine Industry Research Institute, Fangchenggang, 538000, China; School of Marine Science, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China; College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Jiale Wang
- School of Marine Science, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Caibi Lan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Guangxi Beibu Gulf Marine Research Center, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China; Beibu Gulf Marine Industry Research Institute, Fangchenggang, 538000, China
| | - Junxiang Lai
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Guangxi Beibu Gulf Marine Research Center, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China; Beibu Gulf Marine Industry Research Institute, Fangchenggang, 538000, China.
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14
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Rasheed A, Li H, Tahir MM, Mahmood A, Nawaz M, Shah AN, Aslam MT, Negm S, Moustafa M, Hassan MU, Wu Z. The role of nanoparticles in plant biochemical, physiological, and molecular responses under drought stress: A review. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:976179. [PMID: 36507430 PMCID: PMC9730289 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.976179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress (DS) is a serious challenge for sustaining global crop production and food security. Nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as an excellent tool to enhance crop production under current rapid climate change and increasing drought intensity. DS negatively affects plant growth, physiological and metabolic processes, and disturbs cellular membranes, nutrient and water uptake, photosynthetic apparatus, and antioxidant activities. The application of NPs protects the membranes, maintains water relationship, and enhances nutrient and water uptake, leading to an appreciable increase in plant growth under DS. NPs protect the photosynthetic apparatus and improve photosynthetic efficiency, accumulation of osmolytes, hormones, and phenolics, antioxidant activities, and gene expression, thus providing better resistance to plants against DS. In this review, we discuss the role of different metal-based NPs to mitigate DS in plants. We also highlighted various research gaps that should be filled in future research studies. This detailed review will be an excellent source of information for future researchers to adopt nanotechnology as an eco-friendly technique to improve drought tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Rasheed
- Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huijie Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- College of Humanity and Public Administration, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Majid M Tahir
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Poonch, Rawalakot, Pakistan
| | - Athar Mahmood
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nawaz
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Noor Shah
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Talha Aslam
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sally Negm
- Life Sciences Department, College of Science and Art, King Khalid University, Mohail, Saudi Arabia
- Unit of Food Bacteriology, Central Laboratory of Food Hygiene, Ministry of Health, Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Moustafa
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Umair Hassan
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ziming Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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15
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Molecular Response of Ulva prolifera to Short-Term High Light Stress Revealed by a Multi-Omics Approach. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11111563. [PMID: 36358264 PMCID: PMC9687821 DOI: 10.3390/biology11111563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The main algal species of Ulva prolifera green tide in the coastal areas of China are four species, but after reaching the coast of Qingdao, U. prolifera becomes the dominant species, where the light intensity is one of the most important influencing factors. In order to explore the effects of short-term high light stress on the internal molecular level of cells and its coping mechanism, the transcriptome, proteome, metabolome, and lipid data of U. prolifera were collected. The algae were cultivated in high light environment conditions (400 μmol·m−2·s−1) for 12 h and measured, and the data with greater relative difference (p < 0.05) were selected, then analyzed with the KEGG pathway. The results showed that the high light stress inhibited the assimilation of U. prolifera, destroyed the cell structure, and arrested its growth and development. Cells entered the emergency defense state, the TCA cycle was weakened, and the energy consumption processes such as DNA activation, RNA transcription, protein synthesis and degradation, and lipid alienation were inhibited. A gradual increase in the proportion of the C4 pathway was recorded. This study showed that U. prolifera can reduce the reactive oxygen species produced by high light stress, inhibit respiration, and reduce the generation of NADPH. At the same time, the C3 pathway began to change to the C4 pathway which consumed more energy. Moreover, this research provides the basis for the study of algae coping with high light stress.
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16
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Chatterjee P, Schafran P, Li FW, Meeks JC. Nostoc Talks Back: Temporal Patterns of Differential Gene Expression During Establishment of Anthoceros-Nostoc Symbiosis. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2022; 35:917-932. [PMID: 35802132 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-05-22-0101-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Endosymbiotic associations between hornworts and nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria form when the plant is limited for combined nitrogen (N). We generated RNA-seq data to examine temporal gene expression patterns during the culturing of N-starved Anthoceros punctatus in the absence and the presence of symbiotic cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme. In symbiont-free A. punctatus gametophytes, N starvation caused downregulation of chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics as well as transcription of photosynthesis-related genes. This downregulation was reversed in A. punctatus cocultured with N. punctiforme, corresponding to the provision by the symbiont of N2-derived NH4+, which commenced within 5 days of coculture and reached a maximum by 14 days. We also observed transient increases in transcription of ammonium and nitrate transporters in a N. punctiforme-dependent manner as well as that of a SWEET transporter that was initially independent of N2-derived NH4+. The temporal patterns of differential gene expression indicated that N. punctiforme transmits signals that impact gene expression to A. punctatus both prior to and after its provision of fixed N. This study is the first illustrating the temporal patterns of gene expression during establishment of an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association in this monophyletic evolutionary lineage of land plants. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poulami Chatterjee
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, U.S.A
| | - Peter Schafran
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Ithaca, NY 14853, U.S.A
- Plant Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14953, U.S.A
| | - Fay-Wei Li
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Ithaca, NY 14853, U.S.A
- Plant Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14953, U.S.A
| | - John C Meeks
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, U.S.A
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Multi-Fold Enhancement of Tocopherol Yields Employing High CO2 Supplementation and Nitrate Limitation in Native Isolate Monoraphidium sp. Cells 2022; 11:cells11081315. [PMID: 35455994 PMCID: PMC9032582 DOI: 10.3390/cells11081315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Tocopherols are the highly active form of the antioxidant molecules involved in scavenging of free radicals and protect the cell membranes from reactive oxygen species (ROS). In the present study, we focused on employing carbon supplementation with varying nitrate concentrations to enhance the total tocopherol yields in the native isolate Monoraphidium sp. CABeR41. The total tocopherol productivity of NRHC (Nitrate replete + 3% CO2) supplemented was (306.14 µg·L−1 d−1) which was nearly 2.5-fold higher compared to NRVLC (Nitrate replete + 0.03% CO2) (60.35 µg·L−1 d−1). The best tocopherol productivities were obtained in the NLHC (Nitrate limited + 3% CO2) supplemented cells (734.38 µg·L−1 d−1) accompanied by a significant increase in cell biomass (2.65-fold) and total lipids (6.25-fold). Further, global metabolomics using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was done in the defined conditions to elucidate the molecular mechanism during tocopherol accumulation. In the present study, the Monoraphidium sp. responded to nitrogen limitation by increase in nitrogen assimilation, with significant upregulation in gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA). Moreover, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle upregulation depicted increased availability of carbon skeletons and reducing power, which is leading to increased biomass yields along with the other biocommodities. In conclusion, our study depicts valorization of carbon dioxide as a cost-effective alternative for the enhancement of biomass along with tocopherols and other concomitant products like lipids and carotenoids in the indigenous strain Monoraphidium sp., as an industrial potential strain with relevance in nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals.
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18
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Cun Z, Wu HM, Zhang JY, Shuang SP, Hong J, Chen JW. Responses of Linear and Cyclic Electron Flow to Nitrogen Stress in an N-Sensitive Species Panax notoginseng. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:796931. [PMID: 35242152 PMCID: PMC8885595 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.796931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is a primary factor limiting leaf photosynthesis. However, the mechanism of N-stress-driven photoinhibition of the photosystem I (PSI) and photosystem II (PSII) is still unclear in the N-sensitive species such as Panax notoginseng, and thus the role of electron transport in PSII and PSI photoinhibition needs to be further understood. We comparatively analyzed photosystem activity, photosynthetic rate, excitation energy distribution, electron transport, OJIP kinetic curve, P700 dark reduction, and antioxidant enzyme activities in low N (LN), moderate N (MN), and high N (HN) leaves treated with linear electron flow (LEF) inhibitor [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethyl urea (DCMU)] and cyclic electron flow (CEF) inhibitor (methyl viologen, MV). The results showed that the increased application of N fertilizer significantly enhance leaf N contents and specific leaf N (SLN). Net photosynthetic rate (P n) was lower in HN and LN plants than in MN ones. Maximum photochemistry efficiency of PSII (F v/F m), maximum photo-oxidation P700+ (P m), electron transport rate of PSI (ETRI), electron transport rate of PSII (ETRII), and plastoquinone (PQ) pool size were lower in the LN plants. More importantly, K phase and CEF were higher in the LN plants. Additionally, there was not a significant difference in the activity of antioxidant enzyme between the MV- and H2O-treated plants. The results obtained suggest that the lower LEF leads to the hindrance of the formation of ΔpH and ATP in LN plants, thereby damaging the donor side of the PSII oxygen-evolving complex (OEC). The over-reduction of PSI acceptor side is the main cause of PSI photoinhibition under LN condition. Higher CEF and antioxidant enzyme activity not only protected PSI from photodamage but also slowed down the damage rate of PSII in P. notoginseng grown under LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Cun
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Hong-Min Wu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Jin-Yan Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Sheng-Pu Shuang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Jie Hong
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Jun-Wen Chen
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
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19
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Kant Mehta S. Assessing the prospects of Zygnema heydrichii, a filamentous Chlorophyte, as a biodiesel feedstock. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 345:126487. [PMID: 34871720 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This research aimed to investigate the suitability of the filamentous microalga Zygnema heydrichii as a biodiesel feedstock. Under ambient culture conditions, biomass yield, lipid content, and fatty acid composition were measured. The effects of nutrient deprivation, pH, and salinity on biomass and lipid production were also investigated. Z. heydrichii under nutrient-enriched medium showed specific growth rate (µ) 0.31 day-1 and lipid content 14.75% DW. The most abundant fatty acids were C16:0, C18:1, C18:2 and C18:3, all of which are considered appropriate for biodiesel production. Nitrogen and phosphorus depletion from the growth medium further increased lipid content to 21.45% and 15.35% DW, respectively. The N depletion of the medium remarkably increased TAG content of the culture. Z. heydrichii possess great ability to grow in salty water (40 Mm NaCl). A low-cost, semi-continuous outdoor culture yielded biomass and lipid productivity of 0.208 g day-1and 0.038 g L-1 day-1, respectively.
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Wei L, You W, Xu Z, Zhang W. Transcriptomic survey reveals multiple adaptation mechanisms in response to nitrogen deprivation in marine Porphyridium cruentum. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259833. [PMID: 34793503 PMCID: PMC8601545 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-cell red microalga Porphyridium cruentum is potentially considered to be the bioresource for biofuel and pharmaceutical production. Nitrogen is a kind of nutrient component for photosynthetic P. cruentum. Meanwhile, nitrogen stress could induce to accumulate some substances such as lipid and phycoerythrin and affect its growth and physiology. However, how marine microalga Porphyridium cruentum respond and adapt to nitrogen starvation remains elusive. Here, acclimation of the metabolic reprogramming to changes in the nutrient environment was studied by high-throughput mRNA sequencing in the unicellular red alga P. cruentum. Firstly, to reveal transcriptional regulation, de novo transcriptome was assembled and 8,244 unigenes were annotated based on different database. Secondly, under nitrogen deprivation, 2100 unigenes displayed differential expression (1134 upregulation and 966 downregulation, respectively) and some pathways including carbon/nitrogen metabolism, photosynthesis, and lipid metabolism would be reprogrammed in P. cruentum. The result demonstrated that nitrate assimilation (with related unigenes of 8–493 fold upregulation) would be strengthen and photosynthesis (with related unigenes of 6–35 fold downregulation) be impaired under nitrogen deprivation. Importantly, compared to other green algae, red microalga P. cruentum presented a different expression pattern of lipid metabolism in response to nitrogen stress. These observations will also provide novel insight for understanding adaption mechanisms and potential targets for metabolic engineering and synthetic biology in P. cruentum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wei
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
- * E-mail: (LW); (WZ)
| | - Wuxin You
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Zhengru Xu
- College of Foreign Language, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
| | - Wenfei Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
- * E-mail: (LW); (WZ)
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Hazan R, Schoemann M, Klutstein M. Endurance of extremely prolonged nutrient prevention across kingdoms of life. iScience 2021; 24:102745. [PMID: 34258566 PMCID: PMC8258982 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous observations demonstrate that microorganisms can survive very long periods of nutrient deprivation and starvation. Moreover, it is evident that prolonged periods of starvation are a feature of many habitats, and many cells in all kingdoms of life are found in prolonged starvation conditions. Bacteria exhibit a range of responses to long-term starvation. These include genetic adaptations such as the long-term stationary phase and the growth advantage in stationary phase phenotypes characterized by mutations in stress-signaling genes and elevated mutation rates. Here, we suggest using the term "endurance of prolonged nutrient prevention" (EPNP phase), to describe this phase, which was also recently described in eukaryotes. Here, we review this literature and describe the current knowledge about the adaptations to very long-term starvation conditions in bacteria and eukaryotes, its conceptual and structural conservation across all kingdoms of life, and point out possible directions that merit further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronen Hazan
- Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Faculty of Dental Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O.B. 12272, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
| | - Miriam Schoemann
- Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Faculty of Dental Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O.B. 12272, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
| | - Michael Klutstein
- Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Faculty of Dental Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O.B. 12272, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
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Islam MJ, Ryu BR, Azad MOK, Rahman MH, Rana MS, Lim JD, Lim YS. Exogenous Putrescine Enhances Salt Tolerance and Ginsenosides Content in Korean Ginseng ( Panax ginseng Meyer) Sprouts. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:1313. [PMID: 34203403 PMCID: PMC8309092 DOI: 10.3390/plants10071313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The effect of exogenously applied putrescine (Put) on salt stress tolerance was investigated in Panax ginseng. Thirty-day-old ginseng sprouts were grown in salinized nutrient solution (150 mM NaCl) for five days, while the control sprouts were grown in nutrients solution. Putrescine (0.3, 0.6, and 0.9 mM) was sprayed on the plants once at the onset of salinity treatment, whereas control plants were sprayed with water only. Ginseng seedlings tested under salinity exhibited reduced plant growth and biomass production, which was directly interlinked with reduced chlorophyll and chlorophyll fluorescence due to higher reactive oxygen species (hydrogen peroxide; H2O2) and lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde; MDA) production. Application of Put enhanced accumulation of proline, total soluble carbohydrate, total soluble sugar and total soluble protein. At the same time, activities of antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase in leaves, stems, and roots of ginseng seedlings were increased. Such modulation of physio-biochemical processes reduced the level of H2O2 and MDA, which indicates a successful adaptation of ginseng seedlings to salinity stress. Moreover, protopanaxadiol (PPD) ginsenosides enhanced by both salinity stress and exogenous Put treatment. On the other hand, protopanaxatriol (PPT) ginsenosides enhanced in roots and reduced in leaves and stems under salinity stress condition. In contrast, they enhanced by exogenous Put application in all parts of the plants for most cases, also evidenced by principal component analysis. Collectively, our findings provide an important prospect for the use of Put in modulating salinity tolerance and ginsenosides content in ginseng sprouts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Jahirul Islam
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (M.J.I.); (B.R.R.); (M.O.K.A.); (M.H.R.); (M.S.R.)
- Physiology and Sugar Chemistry Division, Bangladesh Sugarcrop Research Institute, Ishurdi 6620, Pabna, Bangladesh
| | - Byeong Ryeol Ryu
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (M.J.I.); (B.R.R.); (M.O.K.A.); (M.H.R.); (M.S.R.)
| | - Md. Obyedul Kalam Azad
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (M.J.I.); (B.R.R.); (M.O.K.A.); (M.H.R.); (M.S.R.)
| | - Md. Hafizur Rahman
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (M.J.I.); (B.R.R.); (M.O.K.A.); (M.H.R.); (M.S.R.)
| | - Md. Soyel Rana
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (M.J.I.); (B.R.R.); (M.O.K.A.); (M.H.R.); (M.S.R.)
| | - Jung-Dae Lim
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (M.J.I.); (B.R.R.); (M.O.K.A.); (M.H.R.); (M.S.R.)
| | - Young-Seok Lim
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (M.J.I.); (B.R.R.); (M.O.K.A.); (M.H.R.); (M.S.R.)
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Tetraploid Citrumelo 4475 rootstocks improve diploid common clementine tolerance to long-term nutrient deficiency. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8902. [PMID: 33903646 PMCID: PMC8076223 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88383-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrient deficiency alters growth and the production of high-quality nutritious food. In Citrus crops, rootstock technologies have become a key tool for enhancing tolerance to abiotic stress. The use of doubled diploid rootstocks can improve adaptation to lower nutrient inputs. This study investigated leaf structure and ultrastructure and physiological and biochemical parameters of diploid common clementine scions (C) grafted on diploid (2x) and doubled diploid (4x) Carrizo citrange (C/CC2x and C/CC4x) and Citrumelo 4475 (C/CM2x and C/CM4x) rootstocks under optimal fertigation and after 7 months of nutrient deficiency. Rootstock ploidy level had no impact on structure but induced changes in the number and/or size of cells and some cell components of 2x common clementine leaves under optimal nutrition. Rootstock ploidy level did not modify gas exchanges in Carrizo citrange but induced a reduction in the leaf net photosynthetic rate in Citrumelo 4475. By assessing foliar damage, changes in photosynthetic processes and malondialdehyde accumulation, we found that C/CM4x were less affected by nutrient deficiency than the other scion/rootstock combinations. Their greater tolerance to nutrient deficiency was probably due to the better performance of the enzyme-based antioxidant system. Nutrient deficiency had similar impacts on C/CC2x and C/CC4x. Tolerance to nutrient deficiency can therefore be improved by rootstock polyploidy but remains dependent on the rootstock genotype.
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El-fayoumy EA, Shanab SM, Hassan OMA, Shalaby EA. Enhancement of active ingredients and biological activities of Nostoc linckia biomass cultivated under modified BG-11 0 medium composition. BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY 2021; 13:6049-6066. [PMID: 33898157 PMCID: PMC8053234 DOI: 10.1007/s13399-021-01509-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The current work aims to investigate the effect of abiotic stresses (nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) [0.0 g/l, 1.5 g/l, 3 g/l, 6 g/l, and 12 g/l N and 0.0 g/l, 0.07 g/l, 0.15 g/l, 0.3 g/l, and 0.6 g/l S] and their combination [0.3 g/l S + 6 g/l N]) of axenic culture of Nostoc linckia on the production of secondary metabolites which induce different biological activities. Growth rate was measured by dry weight (DW) and optical density (OD)550 nm. Additionally, phytochemical compounds, defense enzymes as well as antioxidant activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS·+) radical assays of crude extracts (methylene chloride:methanol, 1:1) were evaluated. Based on antioxidant activity, four promising extracts were subjected to different biological activities such as anticancer, antimicrobial, and antiviral activities. The obtained results revealed that supplementation of external nitrogen source in the form of sodium nitrate was found to increase the total phycobiliprotein content by fivefold. Also, nitrogen depletion provoked significantly highest quantities of phenolic and flavonoid content and this has effects on biological activities of Nostoc linckia. Moreover, 0.3 g/l S was found to be the most effective extract exhibiting a significant increase in antioxidant activity based on DPPH and ABTS assays, respectively (88.18 ± 0.64% and 84.20 ± 1.01%). Furthermore, it recorded anticancer activity against HCT 116 cell line with IC50 of 155 μg/ml. Moreover, this extract possessed a noticeable antibacterial potency (21.0 ± 1.0 as mm inhibition zone against Staphylococcus aureus and 19.3 ± 0.6 against Streptococcus mutans). In addition, its antiviral activity against H5N1 virus as a percentage of inhibition was 50% and 63.6% at a concentration of 7 μg/ml and 28 μg/ml, respectively, with cytotoxicity less than 7 μg/μl. GC-MS analysis recorded the presence of bioactive compounds exhibiting different biological activities. Therefore, the obtained results can represent valuable bioactive compounds with variable biological potencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman A. El-fayoumy
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613 Egypt
| | - Sanaa M. Shanab
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613 Egypt
| | - Omnia M. A. Hassan
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Virus, Environmental Research Division, National Research Center, Dokki, Egypt
| | - Emad A. Shalaby
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, 12613 Egypt
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Sarkar A, Rajarathinam R, Venkateshan RB. A comparative assessment of growth, pigment and enhanced lipid production by two toxic freshwater cyanobacteria Anabaena circinalis FSS 124 and Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii FSS 127 under various combinations of nitrogen and phosphorous inputs. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:15923-15933. [PMID: 33247403 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11754-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen and phosphorous are important nutritional regulators for the growth of cyanobacteria, thereby having a significant impact in bloom formation by toxic species. Usage of toxic cyanobacteria for increasing valuable metabolite production by nutrient manipulation is still unexplored. Hence, the current work is aimed to estimate and compare growth, pigment, and increased lipid production coupled with the identification of fatty acids between two toxic strains-Anabaena circinalis FSS 124 and Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii FSS 127 under various combinations of these two nutrients. Low level of nitrogen and phosphorous enhanced lipid content in both strains (˃ 20% and 30% respectively) and C. raciborskii, respectively. Lipid productivity in low phosphorous concentration (P0.5) was achieved significantly high in C. raciborskii. Similarly, a substantial amount of carotenoids was obtained at reduced nitrogen and phosphorous in C. raciborskii accompanied by lessened growth and Chl a concentration. Unlikely, enough biomass (˃ 2 g L-1) was produced at high nutrient levels in both species. Comparative statistical significance (p < 0.05) was found between two species regarding biomass production, chlorophyll concentration, lipid content, and productivity and between these factors in each species under both nutrient variations. FAME of Cylindrospermopsis is composed of saturated fatty acids (˃ 50%) and MUFA (˃ 25%) while Anabaena contains PUFA (˃ 21%) additionally. However, the study highlights C. raciborskii as potential lipid and carotenoid producer at nutrient stress and finds a novel way to utilize these cyanobacterial biomasses, which cause immense environmental hazards and life threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aratrika Sarkar
- Bioenergy Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, affiliated to Anna University, Chennai, TN, India
| | - Ravikumar Rajarathinam
- Bioenergy Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, affiliated to Anna University, Chennai, TN, India.
| | - Ranganathan Budhi Venkateshan
- Bioenergy Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, affiliated to Anna University, Chennai, TN, India
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Jiao K, Xiao W, Shi X, Ho SH, Chang JS, Ng IS, Tang X, Sun Y, Zeng X, Lin L. Molecular mechanism of arachidonic acid biosynthesis in Porphyridium purpureum promoted by nitrogen limitation. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2021; 44:1491-1499. [PMID: 33710454 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-021-02533-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The red alga Porphyridium purpureum has been known to produce polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially arachidonic acid (ARA), under stressful conditions. However, there is no consistent conclusion about the response of ARA in this alga to nitrogen (N) stress. Also, no research has been done to clearly elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms of N stress. In this work, P. purpureum CoE1 was cultivated under nitrogen limitation conditions and the putative Δ5-desaturase related gene FADSD5 was isolated. The results showed that the fatty acids in P. purpureum CoE1 were significantly higher in the N limited cultures (54.3 mg g-1) than in the N-replete cultures (45.3 mg g-1) at the 18th day (t-test, p < 0.001), which was attributed to the upregulated abundance of the putative Δ5-desaturase related protein, Δ5-Des. The study also indicated that the expression of the putative Δ5-desaturase related gene, FADSD5, increased with cell growth, demonstrating considerable potentials for ARA biosynthesis in P. purpureum CoE1. These results might guide the direction in illuminating the biosynthetic pathway of fatty acids with molecular evidence and enable genetic modifications of P. purpureum CoE1 for enhancing the ARA accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailin Jiao
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry and Environment, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, 363000, China
| | - Wupeng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science/Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Xingguo Shi
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fujian, 350116, China
| | - Shih-Hsin Ho
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150006, China
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, People's Republic of China
| | - I-Son Ng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Tang
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, People's Republic of China
- Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Clean and High‑Valued Conversion Technology for Biomass, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Clean and High‑valued Conversion Technology of Biomass, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yong Sun
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, People's Republic of China
- Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Clean and High‑Valued Conversion Technology for Biomass, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Clean and High‑valued Conversion Technology of Biomass, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Xianhai Zeng
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, People's Republic of China.
- Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Clean and High‑Valued Conversion Technology for Biomass, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Clean and High‑valued Conversion Technology of Biomass, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
| | - Lu Lin
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, People's Republic of China
- Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Clean and High‑Valued Conversion Technology for Biomass, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Clean and High‑valued Conversion Technology of Biomass, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
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Strieth D, Di Nonno S, Stiefelmaier J, Kollmen J, Geib D, Ulber R. Co-cultivation of diazotrophic terrestrial cyanobacteria and Arabidopsis thaliana. Eng Life Sci 2021; 21:126-136. [PMID: 33716612 PMCID: PMC7923583 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202000068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Diazotrophic cyanobacteria are able to fix N2 from the atmosphere and release it as bioavailable nitrogen what other organisms can utilize. Thus, they could be used as living nitrogen supplier whereby the use of fertilizer could be reduced in agricultural industry what results in a decrease of laughing gas released during fertilizer production. The diazotroph cyanobacterium Desmonostoc muscorum (D. muscorum) was characterized in shake flasks cultivated in nitrogen-free and nitrogen-containing medium. Similar growth rates were reached in both cultivations and the release of ammonium by D. muscorum was detected under nitrogen depletion. Subsequently, D. muscorum was co-cultivated with Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana) in nitrogen-free medium. Additionally, the plant was cultivated in nitrogen containing and nitrogen-free medium without D. muscorum as reference. A co-cultivation led to higher growth rates of the cyanobacterium and similar growth of A. thaliana with similar maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II compared to the growth of nitrogen containing medium. Further, accumulation of cyanobacterial cells around the roots of A. thaliana was detected, indicating a successfully induced artificial symbiosis. Based on these results, D. muscorum could be a promising cyanobacterium as living nitrogen supplier for plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorina Strieth
- Bioprocess EngineeringTechnical University KaiserslauternKaiserslauternGermany
| | - Sarah Di Nonno
- Bioprocess EngineeringTechnical University KaiserslauternKaiserslauternGermany
| | - Judith Stiefelmaier
- Bioprocess EngineeringTechnical University KaiserslauternKaiserslauternGermany
| | - Jonas Kollmen
- Bioprocess EngineeringTechnical University KaiserslauternKaiserslauternGermany
| | - Doris Geib
- Bioprocess EngineeringTechnical University KaiserslauternKaiserslauternGermany
| | - Roland Ulber
- Bioprocess EngineeringTechnical University KaiserslauternKaiserslauternGermany
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Effect of temperature, nitrate concentration, pH and bicarbonate addition on biomass and lipid accumulation in the sporulating green alga PW95. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.102148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Foliar Application of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Promotes Drought Stress Tolerance in Eggplant ( Solanum melongena L.). PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10020421. [PMID: 33672429 PMCID: PMC7926631 DOI: 10.3390/plants10020421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Water shortage and salinity are major challenges for sustaining global food security. Using nutrients in the nano-scale formulation including zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NP) is a novel fertilization strategy for crops. In this study, two field-based trials were conducted during 2018 and 2019 to examine the influence of three ZnO NP concentrations (0, 50, and 100 ppm) in eggplant grown under full irrigation (100 of crop evapotranspiration; ETc) and drought stress (60% of ETc). Plant growth, yield, water productivity (WP), physiology, biochemistry, and anatomy responses were evaluated. Drought stress significantly decreased membrane stability index (MSI), relative water content (RWC), and photosynthetic efficiency, thus hampered eggplant growth and yield. In contrast, exogenous ZnO NP to water-stressed eggplant resulted in increased RWC and MSI associated with improved stem and leaf anatomical structures and enhanced photosynthetic efficiency. Under drought stress, supplementation of 50 and 100 ppm ZnO NP improved growth characteristics and increased fruit yield by 12.2% and 22.6%, respectively, compared with fully irrigated plants and nonapplied ZnO NP. The highest water productivity (WP) was obtained when eggplant was irrigated with 60% ETc and foliarly treated with 50 or 100 ppm of ZnO NP, which led to 50.8–66.1% increases in WP when compared with nontreated fully irrigated plants. Collectively, these findings demonstrated that foliar spraying ZnO NP gives the utility for alleviating drought stress effects on eggplant cultivated in saline soil.
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Andeden EE, Ozturk S, Aslim B. Evaluation of Thirty Microalgal Isolates as Biodiesel Feedstocks Based on Lipid Productivity and Triacylglycerol (TAG) Content. Curr Microbiol 2021; 78:775-788. [PMID: 33475780 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-020-02340-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Microalgae are considered feedstock for biodiesel production due to their capability to accumulate triacylglycerols, which have a 99% conversion rate into biodiesel, under certain conditions. This study aims to evaluate thirty native microalgal strains as feedstock for biodiesel production based on their biomass and lipid productivities, and total lipid and triacylglycerol contents under nitrogen-sufficient and nitrogen starvation conditions. In addition, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cw15 mutant strain was utilized as a reference strain for triacylglycerol accumulation. Among the eight potent strains, Chlorella vulgaris KP2 was considered as a most promising strain with the highest triacylglycerol content, highest total lipid content (28.56% of dry cell weight), and the highest lipid productivity (4.56 mg/L/day) under nitrogen starvation. Under nitrogen starvation, the major fatty acids in the triacylglycerol of Chlorella vulgaris KP2 were C18:1 (37.56%), C16:0 (23.16%), C18:0 (23.07), C18:2 (7.00%), and C18:3 (3.12%), and the percentages of saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids represented 49.26, 38.73, and 10.12% of the total fatty acids, respectively. Furthermore, the fatty acid methyl esters of triacylglycerol displayed remarkable biodiesel properties with a lower iodine value (59.00 gI2/100 g), higher oxidative stability (14.24 h) and higher cetane number (58.73) under nitrogen starvation. This study suggests that nitrogen-starved Chlorella vulgaris KP2 could be used as a feedstock for biodiesel production due to the considerable amounts of triacylglycerol and favorable biodiesel properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enver Ersoy Andeden
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Nevsehir Haci Bektas Veli University, Nevsehir, Turkey
| | - Sahlan Ozturk
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Nevsehir Haci Bektas Veli University, Nevsehir, Turkey.
| | - Belma Aslim
- Department of Biology, Gazi University, Ankara, 06500, Turkey
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Double-high in palmitic and oleic acids accumulation in a non-model green microalga, Messastrum gracile SE-MC4 under nitrate-repletion and -starvation cultivations. Sci Rep 2021; 11:381. [PMID: 33431982 PMCID: PMC7801397 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79711-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioprospecting for biodiesel potential in microalgae primarily involves a few model species of microalgae and rarely on non-model microalgae species. Therefore, the present study determined changes in physiology, oil accumulation, fatty acid composition and biodiesel properties of a non-model microalga Messastrum gracile SE-MC4 in response to 12 continuous days of nitrate-starve (NS) and nitrate-replete (NR) conditions respectively. Under NS, the highest oil content (57.9%) was achieved despite reductions in chlorophyll content, biomass productivity and lipid productivity. However, under both NS and NR, palmitic acid and oleic acid remained as dominant fatty acids thus suggesting high potential of M. gracile for biodiesel feedstock consideration. Biodiesel properties analysis returned high values of cetane number (CN 61.9-64.4) and degree of unsaturation (DU 45.3-57.4) in both treatments. The current findings show the possibility of a non-model microalga to inherit superior ability over model species in oil accumulation for biodiesel development.
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Awoyemi OM, Subbiah S, Velazquez A, Thompson KN, Peace AL, Mayer GD. Nitrate-N-mediated toxicological responses of Scenedesmus acutus and Daphnia pulex to cadmium, arsenic and their binary mixture (Cd/As mix) at environmentally relevant concentrations. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 400:123189. [PMID: 32947745 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Several biomarkers used for ecological risk assessment have been established for single contaminant toxicity, many of which are less predictive of the influence of media and/or dietary nutrients on toxicity outcomes of contaminant mixtures. In this study, we investigate toxicological responses and life traits of Scenedesmus acutus and Daphnia pulex to heavy metals (cadmium-Cd, arsenic-As, binary mixture-Cd/Asmix) in media and diets with varied nutrient (nitrate-N) conditions (low-LN, median-MN, optimum-COMBO). Results showed that nitrate-N-mediated metal inhibitory effects on growth and productivity of primary producer (S. acutus) were significantly interactive (p < 0.05; effect size, ƞ2≤56 %). Cadmium toxicities (Cd-IC50s) in S. acutus were 1.2×, 5.3×, and 4.3× As-IC50s in LN, MN and COMBO media, respectively, while mixture (Cd/Asmix) toxicities were synergistic in MN medium and partial additivity in COMBO and LN media. Nitrate-N and metal exposure effects on S. acutus nutrient stoichiometry, metal uptake and bioaccumulation were significantly interactive (p < 0.05, ƞ2≤100 %). Moreover, survival of primary consumer (D. pulex) was significantly impaired by single and mixed dietary-metal exposures with greater effect under LN condition coupled with significant interactive effects on reproductive capacity (p < 0.05, ƞ2≤21.2 %) but not on swimming activity. We recommend that nitrate-N-mediated metal exposure effects/toxicity in bioindicator species should be considered during ecological risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olushola M Awoyemi
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health (TIEHH), Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79416, USA.
| | - Seenivasan Subbiah
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health (TIEHH), Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79416, USA
| | - Anahi Velazquez
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health (TIEHH), Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79416, USA
| | - Kelsey N Thompson
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health (TIEHH), Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79416, USA
| | - Angela L Peace
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Gregory D Mayer
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health (TIEHH), Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79416, USA
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Shaikh KM, Kumar P, Nesamma AA, Abdin MZ, Jutur PP. Hybrid genome assembly and functional annotation reveals insights on lipid biosynthesis of oleaginous native isolate Parachlorella kessleri, a potential industrial strain for production of biofuel precursors. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.102118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Lignocellulosic Biomass as a Substrate for Oleaginous Microorganisms: A Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10217698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms capable of accumulating lipids in high percentages, known as oleaginous microorganisms, have been widely studied as an alternative for producing oleochemicals and biofuels. Microbial lipid, so-called Single Cell Oil (SCO), production depends on several growth parameters, including the nature of the carbon substrate, which must be efficiently taken up and converted into storage lipid. On the other hand, substrates considered for large scale applications must be abundant and of low acquisition cost. Among others, lignocellulosic biomass is a promising renewable substrate containing high percentages of assimilable sugars (hexoses and pentoses). However, it is also highly recalcitrant, and therefore it requires specific pretreatments in order to release its assimilable components. The main drawback of lignocellulose pretreatment is the generation of several by-products that can inhibit the microbial metabolism. In this review, we discuss the main aspects related to the cultivation of oleaginous microorganisms using lignocellulosic biomass as substrate, hoping to contribute to the development of a sustainable process for SCO production in the near future.
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Photosynthetic Responses of Canola to Exogenous Application or Endogenous Overproduction of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid (ALA) under Various Nitrogen Levels. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9111419. [PMID: 33114095 PMCID: PMC7690814 DOI: 10.3390/plants9111419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Limited data are available on the effects of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) on plant photosynthesis in relation to the nitrogen (N) level. In this study, we investigate photosynthetic responses to ALA in canola plants (Brassica napus L.). We used wild-type plants without ALA addition (controls), wild-type plants with exogenous ALA application, and transgenic plants that endogenously overproduced ALA. The plants were grown hydroponically in nutrient solutions with low, middle, and high concentrations of N. Our results indicate that plants in both treatment groups had higher chlorophyll contents and net photosynthetic rates and lower intracellular CO2 concentrations in the leaves, as compared to controls. Furthermore, simultaneous measurement of prompt chlorophyll fluorescence and modulated 820-nm reflections showed that the active photosystem II (PS II) reaction centers, electron transfer capacity, and photosystem I (PS I) activity were all higher in treated plants than controls at all N levels; however, the responses of some photochemical processes to ALA were significantly affected by the N level. For example, under low N conditions only, a negative ΔK peak appeared in the prompt chlorophyll fluorescence curve, indicating a protective effect of ALA on electron donation via activation of the oxygen-evolving complex. Taken together, our findings suggest that ALA contributes to the promotion of photosynthesis by regulating photosynthetic electron transport under various N levels. These findings may provide a new strategy for improving photosynthesis in crops grown in N-poor conditions or reduced N-fertilization requirements.
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Sun D, Xu H, Weng H, Zhou W, Liang Y, Dong X, He Y, Cen H. Optimal temporal-spatial fluorescence techniques for phenotyping nitrogen status in oilseed rape. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:6429-6443. [PMID: 32777073 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) fertilizer maximizes the growth of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) by improving photosynthetic performance. Elucidating the dynamic relationship between fluorescence and plant N status could provide a non-destructive diagnosis of N status and the breeding of N-efficient cultivars. The aim of this study was to explore the impacts of different N treatments on photosynthesis at a spatial-temporal scale and to evaluate the performance of three fluorescence techniques for the diagnosis of N status. One-way ANOVA and linear discriminant analysis were applied to analyze fluorescence data acquired by a continuous excitation chlorophyll fluorimeter (OJIP transient analysis), pulse amplitude-modulated chlorophyll fluorescence (PAM-ChlF), and multicolor fluorescence (MCF) imaging. The results showed that the maximum quantum efficiency of PSII photochemistry (Fv/Fm) and performance index for photosynthesis (PIABS) of bottom leaves were sensitive to N status at the bolting stage, whereas the red fluorescence/far-red fluorescence ratio of top leaves was sensitive at the early seedling stage. Although the classification of N treatments by the three techniques achieved comparable accuracies, MCF imaging showed the best potential for early diagnosis of N status in field phenotyping because it had the highest sensitivity in the top leaves, at the early seedling stage. The findings of this study could facilitate research on N management and the breeding of N-efficient cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Sun
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, and State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haixia Xu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, and State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haiyong Weng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, and State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weijun Zhou
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Liang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoya Dong
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yong He
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, and State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Cen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, and State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, China
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Yadav SK, Khatri K, Rathore MS, Jha B. Ectopic Expression of a Transmembrane Protein KaCyt b 6 from a Red Seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii in Transgenic Tobacco Augmented the Photosynthesis and Growth. DNA Cell Biol 2020:dna.2020.5479. [PMID: 32865429 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2020.5479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome b6f complex is a thylakoid membrane-localized protein and catalyses the transfer of electrons from plastoquinol to plastocyanin in photosynthetic electron transport chain. In the present study, Cytochrome b6 (KaCyt b6) gene from Kappaphycus alvarezii (a red seaweed) was overexpressed in tobacco. A 935 base pair (bp) long KaCyt b6 cDNA contained an open reading frame of 648 bp encoding a protein of 215 amino acids with an expected isoelectric point of 8.67 and a molecular mass of 24.37 kDa. The KaCyt b6 gene was overexpressed in tobacco under control of CaMV35S promoter. The transgenic tobacco had higher electron transfer rate and photosynthetic yield over wild-type and vector control tobacco. The KaCyt b6 tobacco also exhibited significantly higher photosynthetic gas exchange (PN) and improved water use efficiency. The transgenic plants had higher ratio of PN and intercellular CO2. The KaCyt b6 transgenic tobacco showed higher estimates of photosystem II quantum yield, higher activity of the water-splitting complex, PSII photochemistry, and photochemical quenching. The basal quantum yield of nonphotochemical processes in PSII was recorded lower in KaCyt b6 tobacco. Transgenic tobacco contained higher contents of carotenoids and total chlorophyll and also had better ratios of chlorophyll a and b, and carotenoids and total chlorophyll contents hence improved photosynthetic efficiency and production of sugar and starch. The KaCyt b6 transgenic plants performed superior under control and greenhouse conditions. To the best of our knowledge through literature survey, this is the first report on characterization of KaCyt b6 gene from K. alvarezii for enhanced photosynthetic efficiency and growth in tobacco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sweta K Yadav
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Kusum Khatri
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Division of Applied Phycology and Biotechnology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Bhavnagar, India
| | - Mangal S Rathore
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Division of Applied Phycology and Biotechnology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Bhavnagar, India
| | - Bhavanath Jha
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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38
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Zhou X, Zeng Y, Tang Y, Huang Y, Lv F, Liu L, Wang S. Artificial regulation of state transition for augmenting plant photosynthesis using synthetic light-harvesting polymer materials. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eabc5237. [PMID: 32923652 PMCID: PMC7449672 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc5237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Artificial regulation of state transition between photosystem I (PSI) and PSII will be a smart and promising way to improve efficiency of natural photosynthesis. In this work, we found that a synthetic light-harvesting polymer [poly(boron-dipyrromethene-co-fluorene) (PBF)] with green light absorption and far-red emission could improve PSI activity of algae Chlorella pyrenoidosa, followed by further upgrading PSII activity to augment natural photosynthesis. For light-dependent reactions, PBF accelerated photosynthetic electron transfer, and the productions of oxygen, ATP and NADPH were increased by 120, 97, and 76%, respectively. For light-independent reactions, the RuBisCO activity was enhanced by 1.5-fold, while the expression levels of rbcL encoding RuBisCO and prk encoding phosphoribulokinase were up-regulated by 2.6 and 1.5-fold, respectively. Furthermore, PBF could be absorbed by the Arabidopsis thaliana to speed up cell mitosis and enhance photosynthesis. By improving the efficiency of natural photosynthesis, synthetic light-harvesting polymer materials show promising potential applications for biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yue Zeng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yongyan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, P. R. China
| | - Yiming Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Fengting Lv
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Libing Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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Ronan P, Kroukamp O, Liss SN, Wolfaardt G. A Novel System for Real-Time, In Situ Monitoring of CO 2 Sequestration in Photoautotrophic Biofilms. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8081163. [PMID: 32751859 PMCID: PMC7464137 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8081163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Climate change brought about by anthropogenic CO2 emissions has created a critical need for effective CO2 management solutions. Microalgae are well suited to contribute to efforts aimed at addressing this challenge, given their ability to rapidly sequester CO2 coupled with the commercial value of their biomass. Recently, microalgal biofilms have garnered significant attention over the more conventional suspended algal growth systems, since they allow for easier and cheaper biomass harvesting, among other key benefits. However, the path to cost-effectiveness and scaling up is hindered by a need for new tools and methodologies which can help evaluate, and in turn optimize, algal biofilm growth. Presented here is a novel system which facilitates the real-time in situ monitoring of algal biofilm CO2 sequestration. Utilizing a CO2-permeable membrane and a tube-within-a-tube design, the CO2 sequestration monitoring system (CSMS) was able to reliably detect slight changes in algal biofilm CO2 uptake brought about by light–dark cycling, light intensity shifts, and varying amounts of phototrophic biomass. This work presents an approach to advance our understanding of carbon flux in algal biofilms, and a base for potentially useful innovations to optimize, and eventually realize, algae biofilm-based CO2 sequestration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Ronan
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada; (P.R.); (O.K.); (S.N.L.)
| | - Otini Kroukamp
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada; (P.R.); (O.K.); (S.N.L.)
| | - Steven N. Liss
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada; (P.R.); (O.K.); (S.N.L.)
- Department of Microbiology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
| | - Gideon Wolfaardt
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada; (P.R.); (O.K.); (S.N.L.)
- Department of Microbiology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
- Correspondence:
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Kareya MS, Mariam I, Shaikh KM, Nesamma AA, Jutur PP. Photosynthetic Carbon Partitioning and Metabolic Regulation in Response to Very-Low and High CO 2 in Microchloropsis gaditana NIES 2587. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:981. [PMID: 32719702 PMCID: PMC7348049 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic organisms fix inorganic carbon through carbon capture machinery (CCM) that regulates the assimilation and accumulation of carbon around ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco). However, few constraints that govern the central carbon metabolism are regulated by the carbon capture and partitioning machinery. In order to divert the cellular metabolism toward lipids and/or biorenewables it is important to investigate and understand the molecular mechanisms of the CO2-driven carbon partitioning. In this context, strategies for enhancement of CO2 fixation which will increase the overall biomass and lipid yields, can provide clues on understanding the carbon assimilation pathway, and may lead to new targets for genetic engineering in microalgae. In the present study, we have focused on the physiological and metabolomic response occurring within marine oleaginous microalgae Microchloropsis gaditana NIES 2587, under the influence of very-low CO2 (VLC; 300 ppm, or 0.03%) and high CO2 (HC; 30,000 ppm, or 3% v/v). Our results demonstrate that HC supplementation in M. gaditana channelizes the carbon flux toward the production of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) and also increases the overall biomass productivities (up to 2.0 fold). Also, the qualitative metabolomics has identified nearly 31 essential metabolites, among which there is a significant fold change observed in accumulation of sugars and alcohols such as galactose and phytol in VLC as compared to HC. In conclusion, our focus is to understand the entire carbon partitioning and metabolic regulation within these photosynthetic cell factories, which will be further evaluated through multiomics approach for enhanced productivities of biomass, biofuels, and bioproducts (B3).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Pannaga Pavan Jutur
- Omics of Algae Group, Industrial Biotechnology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
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41
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Wei L, You W, Gong Y, El Hajjami M, Liang W, Xu J, Poetsch A. Transcriptomic and proteomic choreography in response to light quality variation reveals key adaption mechanisms in marine Nannochloropsis oceanica. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 720:137667. [PMID: 32325597 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic organisms need to respond frequently to the fluctuation of light quality and light quantity in their habitat. In response to the fluctuation of different single wavelength lights, these organisms have to adjust and optimize the employment of light energy by redistributing excitation energy and remodeling photosystem stoichiometry or light complex structure. However, the response of whole cellular processes to fluctuations in single wavelength light is mostly unknown. Here, we report the transcriptomic and proteomic dynamics and metabolic adaptation mechanisms of Nannochloropsis oceanica to blue and red light. Preferential exposure to different light spectra induces massive reprogramming of the Nannochloropsis transcriptome and proteome. Combined with physiological and biochemical investigation, the rewiring of many cellular processes was observed, including carbon/nitrogen assimilation, photosynthesis, chlorophyll and cartenoid biosynthesis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging systems, and chromatin state regulation. A strong and rapid regulation of genes or proteins related to nitrogen metabolism, photosynthesis, chlorophyll synthesis, ROS scavenging system, and carotenoid metabolism were observed during 12 h and 24 h of exposure under red light. Additionally, two light harvesting complex proteins induced by blue light and one by red light were observed. The differential responses of N. oceanica to red and blue irradiation reveal how marine microalgae adapt to change in light quality and can be exploited for biofuel feedstock development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wei
- Single-Cell Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels and Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Wuxin You
- Single-Cell Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels and Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266101, China; Department of Plant Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Yanhai Gong
- Single-Cell Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels and Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266101, China
| | - Mohamed El Hajjami
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Wensi Liang
- Single-Cell Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels and Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Single-Cell Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels and Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Ansgar Poetsch
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
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Ran W, Xiang Q, Pan Y, Xie T, Zhang Y, Yao C. Enhancing Photosynthetic Starch Production by γ-Aminobutyric Acid Addition in a Marine Green Microalga Tetraselmis subcordiformis under Nitrogen Stress. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c00398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyi Ran
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Qi Xiang
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Yunyun Pan
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Tonghui Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Yongkui Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Changhong Yao
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
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Maurer D, Weber D, Ballering E, Alfarraj S, Albasher G, Hedrich R, Werner C, Rennenberg H. Photosynthetic cyclic electron transport provides ATP for homeostasis during trap closure in Dionaea muscipula. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2020; 125:485-494. [PMID: 31711177 PMCID: PMC7061167 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcz185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The processes connected with prey capture and the early consumption of prey by carnivorous Dionaea muscipula require high amounts of energy. The aim of the present study was to identify processes involved in flytrap energy provision and ATP homeostasis under these conditions. METHODS We determined photosynthetic CO2 uptake and chlorophyll fluorescence as well as the dynamics of ATP contents in the snap traps upon closure with and without prey. KEY RESULTS The results indicate that upon prey capture, a transient switch from linear to cyclic electron transport mediates a support of ATP homeostasis. Beyond 4 h after prey capture, prey resources contribute to the traps' ATP pool and, 24 h after prey capture, export of prey-derived resources to other plant organs may become preferential and causes a decline in ATP contents. CONCLUSIONS Apparently, the energy demand of the flytrap for prey digestion and nutrient mining builds on both internal and prey-derived resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Maurer
- Chair of Tree Physiology, Institute of Forest Sciences, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Weber
- Phytoprove Plant Analytics UG, Senckenberg Biodiversity & Climate Research Centre, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Eva Ballering
- Chair of Tree Physiology, Institute of Forest Sciences, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Chair of Ecosystem Physiology, Institute of Forest Sciences, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Salah Alfarraj
- College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gada Albasher
- College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rainer Hedrich
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christiane Werner
- Chair of Ecosystem Physiology, Institute of Forest Sciences, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Heinz Rennenberg
- Chair of Tree Physiology, Institute of Forest Sciences, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Yadav G, Sharma I, Ghangrekar M, Sen R. A live bio-cathode to enhance power output steered by bacteria-microalgae synergistic metabolism in microbial fuel cell. JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.227560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Rezvani F, Sarrafzadeh MH, Oh HM. Hydrogen producer microalgae in interaction with hydrogen consumer denitrifiers as a novel strategy for nitrate removal from groundwater and biomass production. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Tantray AY, Bashir SS, Ahmad A. Low nitrogen stress regulates chlorophyll fluorescence in coordination with photosynthesis and Rubisco efficiency of rice. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 26:83-94. [PMID: 32158122 PMCID: PMC7036394 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-019-00721-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is the basis of plant growth and development and, is considered as one of the priming agents to elevate a range of stresses. Plants use solar radiations through photosynthesis, which amasses the assimilatory components of crop yield to meet the global demand for food. Nitrogen is the main regulator in the allocation of photosynthetic apparatus which changes of the photosynthesis (Pn) and quantum yield (Fv/Fm) of the plant. In the present study, dynamics of the photosynthetic establishment, N-dependent relation with chlorophyll fluorescence attributes and Rubisco efficacy was evaluated in low-N tolerant (cv. CR Dhan 311) and low-N sensitive (cv. Rasi) rice cultivars under low-N and optimum-N conditions. There was a decrease in the stored leaf N under low-N condition, resulting in the decreased Pn and Fv/Fm efficiency of the plants through depletion in the activity and content of Rubisco. The Pn and Fv/Fm followed the parallel trend of leaf N content during low-N condition along with depletion of intercellular CO2 concentration and overall conductance under low-N condition. Photosynthetic saturation curve cleared abrupt decrease of effective quantum yield in the low-N sensitive rice cultivar than the low-N tolerant rice. Also, the rapid light curve highlighted the unacclimated regulation of photochemical and non-photochemical quenching in the low-N condition. The low-N sensitive rice cultivar triumphed non-photochemical quenching, whereas the low-N tolerant rice cultivar rose gradually during the light curve. Our study suggested that the quantum yield is the key limitation for photosynthesis in low-N condition. Regulation of Rubisco, photochemical and non-photochemical quenching may help plants to grow under low-N level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aadil Yousuf Tantray
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002 India
| | | | - Altaf Ahmad
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002 India
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Dixit R, Singh S, Singh A. Effect of nitrogen deficiency on the physiology and biochemical composition of microalga Scenedesmus rotundus-MG910488. J Basic Microbiol 2019; 60:158-172. [PMID: 31692003 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201900383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The present investigation ascertains the impact of gradient concentrations of sodium nitrate on the physiology and biochemical composition of isolated microalga Scenedesmus rotundus-MG910488. The concentrations of nitrate were selected as 0, 3.5, 7.0, 10.5, 14.0, and 17.6 mM/L in BG11 medium. The lower concentrations of nitrogen were found to be significantly decreasing the cell count and photosynthetic activity in the microalga as well as changing cell morphology. The amount of biomass, its productivity and lipid yield were significantly affected. The highest biomass of 689.15 ± 14.27 mg/L was achieved in the concentration of 17.6 mM/L with the biomass productivity of 38.28 ± 0.78 mg/L. The highest lipid accumulation of 41.46 ± 1.94% dry-cell weight was obtained at a concentration of 3.5 mM/L, whereas the lowest lipid accumulation of 29.22 ± 1.65% at the concentration of 17.6 mM/L sodium nitrate. The fatty acid composition determines the quality of the fuel, so the characterization of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) was performed by GC, and the assessment of methyl esters of fatty acid confirmed the existence of palmitic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid, which are essential components suitable for biodiesel production. FTIR confirms the presence of FAME components by estimating the bending and stretching of functional groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishibha Dixit
- Algal Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of P.G. Studies and Research in Biological Science, Rani Durgavati University, Jabalpur, India
| | - Surendra Singh
- Algal Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of P.G. Studies and Research in Biological Science, Rani Durgavati University, Jabalpur, India
| | - Ajeet Singh
- Discipline of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
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Singh R, Upadhyay A, Singh DV, Singh JS, Singh D. Photosynthetic performance, nutrient status and lipid yield of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris and Chlorococcum humicola under UV-B exposure. CURRENT RESEARCH IN BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crbiot.2019.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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Li CT, Yelsky J, Chen Y, Zuñiga C, Eng R, Jiang L, Shapiro A, Huang KW, Zengler K, Betenbaugh MJ. Utilizing genome-scale models to optimize nutrient supply for sustained algal growth and lipid productivity. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2019; 5:33. [PMID: 31583115 PMCID: PMC6760154 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-019-0110-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutrient availability is critical for growth of algae and other microbes used for generating valuable biochemical products. Determining the optimal levels of nutrient supplies to cultures can eliminate feeding of excess nutrients, lowering production costs and reducing nutrient pollution into the environment. With the advent of omics and bioinformatics methods, it is now possible to construct genome-scale models that accurately describe the metabolism of microorganisms. In this study, a genome-scale model of the green alga Chlorella vulgaris (iCZ946) was applied to predict feeding of multiple nutrients, including nitrate and glucose, under both autotrophic and heterotrophic conditions. The objective function was changed from optimizing growth to instead minimizing nitrate and glucose uptake rates, enabling predictions of feed rates for these nutrients. The metabolic model control (MMC) algorithm was validated for autotrophic growth, saving 18% nitrate while sustaining algal growth. Additionally, we obtained similar growth profiles by simultaneously controlling glucose and nitrate supplies under heterotrophic conditions for both high and low levels of glucose and nitrate. Finally, the nitrate supply was controlled in order to retain protein and chlorophyll synthesis, albeit at a lower rate, under nitrogen-limiting conditions. This model-driven cultivation strategy doubled the total volumetric yield of biomass, increased fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) yield by 61%, and enhanced lutein yield nearly 3 fold compared to nitrogen starvation. This study introduces a control methodology that integrates omics data and genome-scale models in order to optimize nutrient supplies based on the metabolic state of algal cells in different nutrient environments. This approach could transform bioprocessing control into a systems biology-based paradigm suitable for a wide range of species in order to limit nutrient inputs, reduce processing costs, and optimize biomanufacturing for the next generation of desirable biotechnology products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Ting Li
- 1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
| | - Jacob Yelsky
- 1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
| | - Yiqun Chen
- 1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
| | - Cristal Zuñiga
- 2Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0760 USA
- 3Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0412 USA
| | - Richard Eng
- 1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
| | - Liqun Jiang
- 1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
- 4School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, No.27 Shanda Nan Road, Jinan, 250100 China
| | - Alison Shapiro
- 1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
| | - Kai-Wen Huang
- 1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
| | - Karsten Zengler
- 2Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0760 USA
- 3Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0412 USA
- 5Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0436 USA
| | - Michael J Betenbaugh
- 1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
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Morphological and Physiological Responses Induced by Protein Hydrolysate-Based Biostimulant and Nitrogen Rates in Greenhouse Spinach. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy9080450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Plant-derived protein hydrolysates (PHs) are gaining prominence as biostimulants due to their potential to improve yield and nutritional quality even under suboptimal nutrient regimens. In this study, we investigated the effects of foliar application of a legume-derived PH (0 or 4 mL L−1) on greenhouse baby spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) under four nitrogen (N) fertilization levels (0, 15, 30, or 45 kg ha−1) by evaluating morphological and colorimetric parameters, mineral composition, carbohydrates, proteins, and amino acids. The fresh yield in untreated and biostimulant-treated spinach plants increased in response to an increase in N fertilization from 1 up to 30 kg ha−1, reaching a plateau thereafter indicating the luxury consumption of N at 45 kg ha−1. Increasing N fertilization rate, independently of PH, lead to a significant increase of all amino acids with the exception of alanine, GABA, leucine, lysine, methionine, and ornithine but decreased the polyphenols content. Interestingly, the fresh yield at 0 and 15 kg ha−1 was clearly greater in PH-treated plants compared to untreated plants by 33.3% and 24.9%, respectively. This was associated with the presence in of amino acids and small peptides PH ‘Trainer®’, which act as signaling molecules eliciting auxin- and/or gibberellin-like activities on both leaves and roots and thus inducing a “nutrient acquisition response” that enhances nutrients acquisition and assimilation (high P, Ca, and Mg accumulation) as well as an increase in the photochemical efficiency and activity of photosystem II (higher SPAD index). Foliar applications of the commercial PH decreased the polyphenols content, but on the other hand strongly increased total amino acid content (+45%, +82%, and +59% at 0, 15, and 30 kg ha−1, respectively) but not at a 45-kg ha−1-rate. Overall, the use of PH could represent a sustainable tool for boosting yield and nitrogen use efficiency and coping with soil fertility problems under low input regimens.
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