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Kaimala S, Lootah SS, Mehra N, Kumar CA, Marzooqi SA, Sampath P, Ansari SA, Emerald BS. The Long Non-Coding RNA Obesity-Related (Obr) Contributes To Lipid Metabolism Through Epigenetic Regulation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2401939. [PMID: 38704700 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is a multifactorial disease that is part of today's epidemic and also increases the risk of other metabolic diseases. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) provide one tier of regulatory mechanisms to maintain metabolic homeostasis. Although lncRNAs are a significant constituent of the mammalian genome, studies aimed at their metabolic significance, including obesity, are only beginning to be addressed. Here, a developmentally regulated lncRNA, termed as obesity related (Obr), whose expression in metabolically relevant tissues such as skeletal muscle, liver, and pancreas is altered in diet-induced obesity, is identified. The Clone 9 cell line and high-fat diet-induced obese Wistar rats are used as a model system to verify the function of Obr. By using stable expression and antisense oligonucleotide-mediated downregulation of the expression of Obr followed by different molecular biology experiments, its role in lipid metabolism is verified. It is shown that Obr associates with the cAMP response element-binding protein (Creb) and activates different transcription factors involved in lipid metabolism. Its association with the Creb histone acetyltransferase complex, which includes the cAMP response element-binding protein (CBP) and p300, positively regulates the transcription of genes involved in lipid metabolism. In addition, Obr is regulated by Pparγ in response to lipid accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suneesh Kaimala
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, P.O. Box 15551, UAE
| | - Shareena Saeed Lootah
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, P.O. Box 15551, UAE
| | - Neha Mehra
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, P.O. Box 15551, UAE
| | - Challagandla Anil Kumar
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, P.O. Box 15551, UAE
| | - Saeeda Al Marzooqi
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 15551, UAE
| | - Prabha Sampath
- A*STAR Skin Research Laboratory, Agency for Science Technology & Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138648, Singapore
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology & Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Suraiya Anjum Ansari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 15551, UAE
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 15551, UAE
- ASPIRE Precision Medicine, Research Institute Abu Dhabi, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 15551, UAE
| | - Bright Starling Emerald
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, P.O. Box 15551, UAE
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 15551, UAE
- ASPIRE Precision Medicine, Research Institute Abu Dhabi, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 15551, UAE
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Wang J, Wang D, Lu S, Hu Y, Ge Y, Qin X, Mo Y, Kan J, Li D, Zhang R, Liu Y, Zhang WS. Ceramide enhanced the hepatic glucagon response through regulation of CREB activity. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:366-378. [PMID: 38142481 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Hyperglycemia is associated with lipid disorders in patients with diabetes. Ceramides are metabolites involved in sphingolipid metabolism that accumulate during lipid disorders and exert deleterious effects on glucose and lipid metabolism. However, the effects of ceramide on glucagon-mediated hepatic gluconeogenesis remain largely unknown. This study was designed to investigate the impact of ceramides on gluconeogenesis in the context of the hepatic glucagon response, with the aim of finding new pharmacological interventions for hyperglycemia in diabetes. METHODS Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to quantify ceramide content in the serum of patients with diabetes. Primary hepatocytes were isolated from male C57BL/6J mice to study the effects of ceramide on hepatic glucose production. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to view cAMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB)- regulated transcription co-activator 2 (CRTC2) nuclear translocation in hepatocytes. Serine palmitoyl-transferase, long chain base subunit 2 (Sptlc2) knockdown mice were generated using an adeno-associated virus containing shRNA, and hepatic glucose production was assessed glucagon tolerance and pyruvate tolerance tests in mice fed a normal chow diet and high-fat diet. RESULTS Increased ceramide levels were observed in the serum of patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. De novo ceramide synthesis was activated in mice with metabolic disorders. Ceramide enhanced hepatic glucose production in primary hepatocytes. In contrast, genetic silencing of Sptlc2 prevented this process. Mechanistically, ceramides de-phosphorylate CRTC2 (Ser 171) and facilitate its translocation into the nucleus for CREB activation, thereby augmenting the hepatic glucagon response. Hepatic Sptlc2 silencing blocked ceramide generation in the liver and thus restrained the hepatic glucagon response in mice fed a normal chow diet and high-fat diet. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that ceramide serves as an intracellular messenger that augments hepatic glucose production by regulating CRTC2/CREB activity in the context of the hepatic glucagon response, suggesting that CRTC2 phosphorylation might be a potential node for pharmacological interventions to restrain the hyperglycemic response during fasting in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jizheng Wang
- Department of the Core Facility, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China; Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of the Core Facility, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China; Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Shan Lu
- Maternity and Child Dept, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yifang Hu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Yaoqi Ge
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Qin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Yanfei Mo
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Jingbao Kan
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Rihua Zhang
- Department of the Core Facility, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China.
| | - Wen-Song Zhang
- Department of the Core Facility, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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Compton SE, Kitchen-Goosen SM, DeCamp LM, Lau KH, Mabvakure B, Vos M, Williams KS, Wong KK, Shi X, Rothbart SB, Krawczyk CM, Jones RG. LKB1 controls inflammatory potential through CRTC2-dependent histone acetylation. Mol Cell 2023:S1097-2765(23)00288-5. [PMID: 37172591 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Deregulated inflammation is a critical feature driving the progression of tumors harboring mutations in the liver kinase B1 (LKB1), yet the mechanisms linking LKB1 mutations to deregulated inflammation remain undefined. Here, we identify deregulated signaling by CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 2 (CRTC2) as an epigenetic driver of inflammatory potential downstream of LKB1 loss. We demonstrate that LKB1 mutations sensitize both transformed and non-transformed cells to diverse inflammatory stimuli, promoting heightened cytokine and chemokine production. LKB1 loss triggers elevated CRTC2-CREB signaling downstream of the salt-inducible kinases (SIKs), increasing inflammatory gene expression in LKB1-deficient cells. Mechanistically, CRTC2 cooperates with the histone acetyltransferases CBP/p300 to deposit histone acetylation marks associated with active transcription (i.e., H3K27ac) at inflammatory gene loci, promoting cytokine expression. Together, our data reveal a previously undefined anti-inflammatory program, regulated by LKB1 and reinforced through CRTC2-dependent histone modification signaling, that links metabolic and epigenetic states to cell-intrinsic inflammatory potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby E Compton
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Susan M Kitchen-Goosen
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA; Metabolism and Nutrition (MeNu) Program, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Lisa M DeCamp
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA; Metabolism and Nutrition (MeNu) Program, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Kin H Lau
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Batsirai Mabvakure
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Matthew Vos
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA; Metabolism and Nutrition (MeNu) Program, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Kelsey S Williams
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA; Metabolism and Nutrition (MeNu) Program, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Kwok-Kin Wong
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiaobing Shi
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Scott B Rothbart
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Connie M Krawczyk
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA; Metabolism and Nutrition (MeNu) Program, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Russell G Jones
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA; Metabolism and Nutrition (MeNu) Program, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
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Modulation of Synaptic Plasticity Genes Associated to DNA Damage in a Model of Huntington's Disease. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:2093-2103. [PMID: 36790580 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-03889-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a disease characterized by the progressive degeneration of nerve cells in the brain. DNA damage has been implicated in many neurological disorders; however, the association between this damage and the impaired signaling related to neurodegeneration is still unclear. The transcription factor c-AMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB) has a relevant role in the neuronal plasticity process regulating the expression of several genes, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Here we analyzed the direct link between DNA damage and the expression of genes involved in neuronal plasticity. The study was performed in model cell lines STHdhQ7 (wild type) and STHdhQ111 (HD model). Treatment with Etoposide (Eto) was used to induce double-strand breaks (DSBs) to evaluate the DNA damage response (DDR) and the expression of synaptic plasticity genes. Eto treatment induced phosphorylation of ATM (p-ATM) and H2AX (γH2AX), markers of DDR, in both cell lines. Interestingly, upon DNA damage, STHdhQ7 cells showed increased expression of activity-regulated cytoskeleton associated protein (Arc) and BDNF when compared to the HD cell line model. Additionally, Eto induced CREB activation with a differential localization of its co-activators in the cell types analyzed. These results suggest that DSBs impact differentially the gene expression patterns of plasticity genes in the normal cell line versus the HD model. This effect is mediated by the impaired localization of CREB-binding protein (CBP) and histone acetylation in the HD model. Our results highlight the role of epigenetics and DNA repair on HD and therefore we suggest that future studies should explore in depth the epigenetic landscape on neuronal pathologies with the goal to further understand molecular mechanisms and pinpoint therapeutic targets.
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Hamed O, Joshi R, Mostafa MM, Giembycz MA. α and β Catalytic Subunits of cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Regulate Formoterol-induced Inflammatory Gene Expression Changes in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells. Br J Pharmacol 2022; 179:4593-4614. [PMID: 35735057 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & PURPOSE It has been proposed that genomic mechanisms contribute to the adverse-effects that are often experienced by asthmatic subjects who take regular, inhaled β2 -adrenoceptor agonists as a monotherapy. Moreover, data from preclinical models of asthma suggest that these gene expression changes are mediated by β-arrestin-2 rather than PKA. Herein, we tested this hypothesis by comparing the genomic effects of formoterol, a β2 -adrenoceptor agonist, with forskolin in human primary bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC). EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Gene expression changes were determined by RNA-sequencing. Gene silencing and genome editing were employed to explore the roles of β-arrestin-2 and PKA. KEY RESULTS The formoterol-regulated transcriptome in HBEC treated concurrently with TNFα, was defined by 1480 unique gene expression changes. TNFα-induced transcripts modulated by formoterol were annotated with enriched gene ontology terms related to inflammation and proliferation, notably "GO:0070374~positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade", which is an established β-arrestin-2 target. However, expression of the formoterol- and forskolin-regulated transcriptomes were highly rank-order correlated and the effects of formoterol on TNFα-induced inflammatory genes were abolished by an inhibitor of PKA. Furthermore, formoterol-induced gene expression changes in BEAS-2B bronchial epithelial cell clones deficient in β-arrestin-2 were comparable to those expressed by their parental counterparts. Contrariwise, gene expression was partially inhibited in clones lacking the α-catalytic subunit (Cα) of PKA and abolished following the additional knockdown of the β-catalytic subunit (Cβ) paralogue. CONCLUSIONS The effects of formoterol on inflammatory gene expression in airway epithelia are mediated by PKA and involve the cooperation of PKA-Cα and PKA-Cβ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Hamed
- Airways Inflammation Research Group, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Radhika Joshi
- Airways Inflammation Research Group, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mahmoud M Mostafa
- Airways Inflammation Research Group, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mark A Giembycz
- Airways Inflammation Research Group, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Um JH, Park SY, Hur JH, Lee HY, Jeong KH, Cho Y, Lee SH, Yoon SM, Choe S, Choi CS. Bone morphogenic protein 9 is a novel thermogenic hepatokine secreted in response to cold exposure. Metabolism 2022; 129:155139. [PMID: 35063533 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Maintaining a constant core body temperature is essential to homeothermic vertebrate survival. Adaptive thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue and skeletal muscle is the primary mechanism of adjustment to an external stimulus such as cold exposure. Recently, several reports have revealed that the liver can play a role as a metabolic hub during adaptive thermogenesis. In this study, we suggest that the liver plays a novel role in secreting thermogenic factors in adaptive thermogenesis. Bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) is a hepatokine that regulates many biological processes, including osteogenesis, chondrogenesis, hematopoiesis, and angiogenesis. Previously, BMP9 was suggested to affect preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation. However, the conditions and mechanisms underlying hepatic expression and secretion and adipose tissue browning of BMP9 remain largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the physiological conditions for secretion and the regulatory mechanism of hepatic Bmp9 expression and the molecular mechanism by which BMP9 induces thermogenic gene program activation in adipose tissue. Here, we also present the pharmacological effects of BMP9 on a high-fat-induced obese mouse model. METHODS To investigate the adaptive thermogenic role of BMP9 in vivo, we challenged mice with cold temperature exposure for 3 weeks and then examined the BMP9 plasma concentration and hepatic expression level. The cellular mechanism of hepatic Bmp9 expression under cold exposure was explored through promoter analysis. To identify the role of BMP9 in the differentiation of brown and beige adipocytes, we treated pluripotent stem cells and inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT)-derived stromal-vascular (SV) cells with BMP9, and brown adipogenesis was monitored by examining thermogenic gene expression and signaling pathways. Furthermore, to evaluate the effect of BMP9 on diet-induced obesity, changes in body composition and glucose tolerance were analyzed in mice administered recombinant BMP9 (rBMP9) for 8 weeks. RESULTS Hepatic Bmp9 expression and plasma levels in mice were significantly increased after 3 weeks of cold exposure. Bmp9 mRNA expression in the liver was regulated by transcriptional activation induced by cAMP response-element binding protein (CREB) and CREB-binding protein (CBP) on the Bmp9 promoter. Treatment with BMP9 promoted the differentiation of multipotent stem cells and iWAT-derived SV cells into beige adipocytes, as indicated by the increased expression of brown adipocyte and mitochondrial biogenesis markers. Notably, activation of the mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 1 (Smad1) and p44/p42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways was required for the induction of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC1α) expression in BMP9-induced differentiation of SVs into beige adipocytes. The administration of rBMP9 in vivo also induced browning markers in white adipose tissue. In high-fat diet-induced obese mice, rBMP9 administration conferred protection against obesity and enhanced glucose tolerance. CONCLUSIONS BMP9 is a hepatokine regulated by cold-activated CREB and CBP and enhances glucose and fat metabolism by promoting the activation of the thermogenic gene program in adipocytes. These data implicate BMP9 as a potential pharmacological tool for protecting against obesity and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee-Hyun Um
- Korea Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Shi-Young Park
- Korea Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Ho Hur
- Korea Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Hui-Young Lee
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-Hoon Jeong
- Korea Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonil Cho
- Korea Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea; Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin-Hae Lee
- Korea Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Mi Yoon
- Laboratory of Drugs to Medicine, Joint Center for Biosciences, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Senyon Choe
- Laboratory of Drugs to Medicine, Joint Center for Biosciences, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Soo Choi
- Korea Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea; Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea; Endocrinology, Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea.
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Kim SH, Wu CG, Jia W, Xing Y, Tibbetts RS. Roles of constitutive and signal-dependent protein phosphatase 2A docking motifs in burst attenuation of the cyclic AMP response element-binding protein. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:100908. [PMID: 34171357 PMCID: PMC8294589 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) is an important regulator of cell growth, metabolism, and synaptic plasticity. CREB is activated through phosphorylation of an evolutionarily conserved Ser residue (S133) within its intrinsically disordered kinase-inducible domain (KID). Phosphorylation of S133 in response to cAMP, Ca2+, and other stimuli triggers an association of the KID with the KID-interacting (KIX) domain of the CREB-binding protein (CBP), a histone acetyl transferase (HAT) that promotes transcriptional activation. Here we addressed the mechanisms of CREB attenuation following bursts in CREB phosphorylation. We show that phosphorylation of S133 is reversed by protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), which is recruited to CREB through its B56 regulatory subunits. We found that a B56-binding site located at the carboxyl-terminal boundary of the KID (BS2) mediates high-affinity B56 binding, while a second binding site (BS1) located near the amino terminus of the KID mediates low affinity binding enhanced by phosphorylation of adjacent casein kinase (CK) phosphosites. Mutations that diminished B56 binding to BS2 elevated both basal and stimulus-induced phosphorylation of S133, increased CBP interaction with CREB, and potentiated the expression of CREB-dependent reporter genes. Cells from mice harboring a homozygous CrebE153D mutation that disrupts BS2 exhibited increased S133 phosphorylation stoichiometry and elevated transcriptional bursts to cAMP. These findings provide insights into substrate targeting by PP2A holoenzymes and establish a new mechanism of CREB attenuation that has implications for understanding CREB signaling in cell growth, metabolism, synaptic plasticity, and other physiologic contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hwa Kim
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Cheng-Guo Wu
- Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Weiyan Jia
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Yongna Xing
- Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Randal S Tibbetts
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
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Zeigerer A, Sekar R, Kleinert M, Nason S, Habegger KM, Müller TD. Glucagon's Metabolic Action in Health and Disease. Compr Physiol 2021; 11:1759-1783. [PMID: 33792899 PMCID: PMC8513137 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c200013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Discovered almost simultaneously with insulin, glucagon is a pleiotropic hormone with metabolic action that goes far beyond its classical role to increase blood glucose. Albeit best known for its ability to directly act on the liver to increase de novo glucose production and to inhibit glycogen breakdown, glucagon lowers body weight by decreasing food intake and by increasing metabolic rate. Glucagon further promotes lipolysis and lipid oxidation and has positive chronotropic and inotropic effects in the heart. Interestingly, recent decades have witnessed a remarkable renaissance of glucagon's biology with the acknowledgment that glucagon has pharmacological value beyond its classical use as rescue medication to treat severe hypoglycemia. In this article, we summarize the multifaceted nature of glucagon with a special focus on its hepatic action and discuss the pharmacological potential of either agonizing or antagonizing the glucagon receptor for health and disease. © 2021 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 11:1759-1783, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Zeigerer
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Revathi Sekar
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Kleinert
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Shelly Nason
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine - Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Kirk M. Habegger
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine - Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Timo D. Müller
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapy and Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, Eberhard Karls University Hospitals and Clinics, Tübingen, Germany
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Benchoula K, Parhar IS, Madhavan P, Hwa WE. CREB nuclear transcription activity as a targeting factor in the treatment of diabetes and diabetes complications. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 188:114531. [PMID: 33773975 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder diagnosed by elevated blood glucose levels and a defect in insulin production. Blood glucose, an energy source in the body, is regenerated by two fundamental processes: glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. These two processes are the main mechanisms used by humans and many other animals to maintain blood glucose levels, thereby avoiding hypoglycaemia. The released insulin from pancreatic β-cells activates glycolysis. However, the glucagon released from the pancreatic α-cells activates gluconeogenesis in the liver, leading to pyruvate conversion to glucose-6-phosphate by different enzymes such as fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase and glucose 6-phosphatase. These enzymes' expression is controlled by the glucagon/ cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP)/ proteinkinase A (PKA) pathway. This pathway phosphorylates cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) in the nucleus to bind it to these enzyme promoters and activate their expression. During fasting, this process is activated to supply the body with glucose; however, it is overactivated in diabetes. Thus, the inhibition of this process by blocking the expression of the enzymes via CREB is an alternative strategy for the treatment of diabetes. This review was designed to investigate the association between CREB activity and the treatment of diabetes and diabetes complications. The phosphorylation of CREB is a crucial step in regulating the gene expression of the enzymes of gluconeogenesis. Many studies have proven that CREB is over-activated by glucagon and many other factors contributing to the elevation of fasting glucose levels in people with diabetes. The physiological function of CREB should be regarded in developing a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of diabetes mellitus and its complications. However, the accessible laboratory findings for CREB activity of the previous research still not strong enough for continuing to the clinical trial yet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Benchoula
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, 1, Jalan Taylors, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ishwar S Parhar
- Monash University (Malaysia) BRIMS, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Priya Madhavan
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, 1, Jalan Taylors, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wong Eng Hwa
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, 1, Jalan Taylors, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
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10
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The anti-rotavirus effect of baicalin via the gluconeogenesis-related p-JNK-PDK1-AKT-SIK2 signaling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 897:173927. [PMID: 33567320 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.173927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Rotavirus (RV) infection is a leading cause of severe, dehydrating gastroenteritis in children < 5 years of age, and by now, the prevention and treatment of RV are still the major public health problems due to a lack of specific clinical drugs. Thus, the aims of this study are to explore the anti-RV effect of baicalin and its influence on glucose metabolism. Here, we demonstrated for the first time that baicalin had an anti-RV attachment effect with the strongest effect at a concentration of 100 μM, and also inhibited the replication of RV at concentrations of 100, 125, 150, 175, and 200 μM. Moreover, baicalin helped to overcome the weight loss and reduced the diarrhea rate and score with the best therapeutic effect at a concentration of 0.3 mg/g in RV-infected neonatal mice. Interestingly, baicalin decreased glucose consumption in RV-infected Caco-2 cells with the optimal concentration of 125 μM. Next, metabolomic analysis indicated that there were 68 differentially expressed metabolites, including an increase in pyruvic acid, asparagine, histidine and serine, and a decrease in dihydroxyacetone phosphate, which suggested that the underlying signaling pathway was gluconeogenesis. Further studies demonstrated that baicalin inhibited gluconeogenesis via improving glucose 6-phosphatase (G-6-Pase) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPCK). Moreover, baicalin upregulated the potential gluconeogenesis proteins named salt inducible kinase 2, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1, AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 and down-regulated phosphorylated c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, which are associated with G-6-Pase and PEPCK expressions. Therefore, baicalin improved the gluconeogenesis disruption caused by RV.
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11
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Chen S, Sbuh N, Veedu RN. Antisense Oligonucleotides as Potential Therapeutics for Type 2 Diabetes. Nucleic Acid Ther 2020; 31:39-57. [PMID: 33026966 DOI: 10.1089/nat.2020.0891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia resulting from inefficient signaling and insufficient production of insulin. Conventional management of T2D has largely relied on small molecule-based oral hypoglycemic medicines, which do not halt the progression of the disease due to limited efficacy and induce adverse effects as well. To this end, antisense oligonucleotide has attracted immense attention in developing antidiabetic agents because of their ability to downregulate the expression of disease-causing genes at the RNA and protein level. To date, seven antisense agents have been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for therapies of a variety of human maladies, including genetic disorders. Herein, we provide a comprehensive review of antisense molecules developed for suppressing the causative genes believed to be responsible for insulin resistance and hyperglycemia toward preventing and treating T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suxiang Chen
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia.,Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Perth, Australia
| | - Nabayet Sbuh
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia.,Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Perth, Australia
| | - Rakesh N Veedu
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia.,Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Perth, Australia
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12
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Selective inhibition of CBP/p300 HAT by A-485 results in suppression of lipogenesis and hepatic gluconeogenesis. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:745. [PMID: 32917859 PMCID: PMC7486386 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02960-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The histone acetyltransferases CREB-binding protein (CBP) and its paralogue p300 are transcriptional coactivators which are essential for a multitude of signaling pathways and energy homeostasis. However, the role of CBP/p300 HAT domain in regulating energy balance is still unclear. Here, C57BL/6 mice fed with either normal chow diet (NCD) or high-fat diet (HFD) were administrated with A-485, a recently reported selective inhibitor of CBP/p300 HAT activity for 1 week and the metabolic change was analyzed. The white adipose tissue (WAT) weight and adipocyte size were reduced in A-485-administrated mice, with decreased expressions of lipogenic genes and transcriptional factors. In the liver of A-485-treated mice, the lipid content and lipogenic gene expressions were lowered while the binding of forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) to glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pc) promoter was reduced, leading to decreased expression of G6Pc. In primary mouse hepatocytes, A-485 abolished cAMP-elicited mRNA expressions of key gluconeogenic enzymes and promoted FOXO1 protein degradation via increasing its ubiquitination. Thus, A-485 inhibits lipogenesis in WAT and liver as well as decreases hepatic glucose production via preventing FOXO1 acetylation, leading to its protein degradation through a proteasome-dependent pathway. The specific inhibition of CBP/p300 HAT will provide a novel therapeutic approach for metabolic diseases.
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13
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Amidfar M, de Oliveira J, Kucharska E, Budni J, Kim YK. The role of CREB and BDNF in neurobiology and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Life Sci 2020; 257:118020. [PMID: 32603820 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia worldwide. β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) is currently assumed to be the main cause of synaptic dysfunction and cognitive impairments in AD, but the molecular signaling pathways underlying its neurotoxic consequences have not yet been completely explored. Additional investigations regarding these pathways will contribute to development of new therapeutic targets. In context, developing evidence suggest that Aβ decreases brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mostly by lowering phosphorylated cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element binding protein (CREB) protein. In fact, it has been observed that brain or serum levels of BDNF appear to be beneficial markers for cognitive condition. In addition, the participation of transcription mediated by CREB has been widely analyzed in the memory process and AD development. Designing pharmacologic or genetic therapeutic approaches based on the targeting of CREB-BDNF signaling could be a promising treatment potential for AD. In this review, we summarize data demonstrating the role of CREB-BDNF signaling pathway in cognitive status and mediation of Aβ toxicity in AD. Finally, we also focus on the developing intervention methods for improvement of cognitive decline in AD based on targeting of CREB-BDNF pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jade de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ewa Kucharska
- Jesuit University Ignatianum in Krakow, Faculty of Education, Institute of Educational Sciences, Poland
| | - Josiane Budni
- Laboratório de Neurologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Yong-Ku Kim
- Departments of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
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14
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Khan R, Raza SHA, Junjvlieke Z, Wang X, Wang H, Cheng G, Mei C, Elsaeid Elnour I, Zan L. Bta-miR-149-5p inhibits proliferation and differentiation of bovine adipocytes through targeting CRTCs at both transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:5796-5810. [PMID: 32003022 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are small, single stranded, and noncoding RNAs that have been proven to be potent regulators of adipogenesis. However, the role of bta-miR-149-5p in regulating bovine adipogenesis is still unclear. Expression profiling in different stages of adipogenesis revealed that bta-miR-149-5p was enriched in the proliferation stage, and also on Day 9 of differentiation in bovine adipocytes. Our gain of function study showed that bta-miR-149-5p can negatively regulate both bovine adipocyte proliferation and differentiation. Overexpression of bta-miR-149-5p suppressed the expression of proliferation marker genes at both the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels, markedly decreased the percentage of S-phase cells, decreased the number of EdU-stained cells, and substantially reduced adipocyte proliferation vitality in the cell count assay. Collectively, these findings elucidated that bta-miR-149-5p inhibits adipocyte proliferation. Furthermore, overexpression of bta-miR-149-5p also suppressed the expression of adipogenic genes at both the mRNA and protein levels, inhibited lipid accumulation, and reduced the secretion of adiponectin in bovine adipocytes. Furthermore, a luciferase activity assay explored how bta-miR-149-5p targeted CRTCs (CRTC1 and CRTC2) directly. This targeting was further validated by the mRNA and protein level expression of CRTC1 and CRTC2, which were down regulated by bta-miR-149-5p overexpression. Moreover, bta-miR-149-5p indirectly targeted CRTC1 and CRTC2 through regulating their key transcription factors. Overexpression of bta-miR-149-5p suppressed the expression of SMAD3, while enriched the expression of NRF1, which are the key transcription factors and proven regulators of CRTC1. Overexpression of bta-miR-149-5p also repressed the expression of C/EBPγ, XBP1, INSM1, and ZNF263, which are the key regulators of CRTCs, at both the mRNA and protein levels. These findings suggest that bta-miR-149-5p is a negative regulator of CRTC1 and CRTC2 both at transcriptional and posttranscriptional level. Taken together, these findings suggest that bta-miR-149-5p can regulate adipogenesis, which implies that bta-miR-149-5p could be a target for increasing intramuscular fat in beef cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajwali Khan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, Yangling, China.,Livestock Management, Breeding and Genetics, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Sayed Haidar Abbas Raza
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, Yangling, China
| | - Zainaguli Junjvlieke
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, Yangling, China
| | - Hongbao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, Yangling, China.,National Beef Cattle Improvement Research Center, Xianyang, Yangling, China
| | - Gong Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, Yangling, China.,National Beef Cattle Improvement Research Center, Xianyang, Yangling, China
| | - Chugang Mei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, Yangling, China
| | - Ibrahim Elsaeid Elnour
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, Yangling, China
| | - Linsen Zan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, Yangling, China.,National Beef Cattle Improvement Research Center, Xianyang, Yangling, China
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15
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Khan R, Raza SHA, Junjvlieke Z, Wang H, Cheng G, Smith SB, Jiang Z, Li A, Zan L. RNA-seq reveal role of bovine TORC2 in the regulation of adipogenesis. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 680:108236. [PMID: 31893525 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.108236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Low intramuscular adipose tissue (marbling) continues to be challenge for improving beef quality in Chinese cattle. Highly marbled meat is very desirable; hence, methods to increase IMF content have become a key aspect of improving meat quality. Therefore, research on the mechanism of adipogenesis provides invaluable information for the improvement of meat quality. This study investigated the effect of TORC2 and its underlying mechanism on lipid metabolism in bovine adipocytes. The TORC2 gene was downregulated in bovine adipocytes by siRNA, and RNA sequencing was performed. Downregulation of TORC2 negatively affected bovine adipocyte differentiation. In addition, a total of 577 DEGs were found, containing 146 up-regulated and 376 down-regulated genes. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that the DEGs were linked with neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway, calcium signaling pathway, cAMP pathway, chemokine signaling pathway and Wnt signaling pathway. Gene Ontology (GO) term analysis of the DEGs showed that down-regulation of TORC2 gene significantly suppressed the genes regulating important GO terms of adipogenesis-related processes in bovine adipocytes, especially regulation of biological activity, regulation of primary metabolic process, regulation of multicellular organismal process, cell adhesion, lipid metabolic process, secretion, chemical homeostasis, regulation of transport, cell-cell signaling, cAMP metabolic process, cellular calcium ion homeostasis, fat cell differentiation, and cell maturation. In conclusion, our results suggest that TORC2 at least in part regulates lipid metabolism in bovine adipocytes. The results of this study provide a basis for studying the function and molecular mechanism of the TORC2 gene in regulating adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajwali Khan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Sayed Haidar Abbas Raza
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Zainaguli Junjvlieke
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Hongbao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Gong Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Stephen B Smith
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Zhongliang Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Anning Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Linsen Zan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China; National Beef Cattle Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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16
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Chen Y, Liu H, Wang Y, Yang S, Yu M, Jiang T, Lv Z. Glycosaminoglycan from Apostichopus japonicus inhibits hepatic glucose production via activating Akt/FoxO1 and inhibiting PKA/CREB signaling pathways in insulin resistant hepatocytes. Food Funct 2019; 10:7565-7575. [PMID: 31687719 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01444f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to elucidate the effect and the underlying mechanism of glycosaminoglycan from Apostichopus japonicus (AHG) on hepatic glucose production (HGP) in insulin resistant hepatocytes. Insulin resistance was induced with high glucose (HG) for 24 h in primary hepatocytes. The results showed that AHG exhibited hypoglycemic activity at a relatively low concentration (1 μg mL-1) and revealed non-toxic activity to insulin resistant hepatocytes even at 500 μg mL-1 concentration. The HGP test showed that the treatment of AHG (10 μg mL-1) for 3 h decreased HGP by 25% in insulin resistant hepatocytes. Quantitative PCR and western blot analysis revealed that AHG also ameliorated phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase). The data revealed the mechanism of AHG in alleviating HGP via activating the Akt/FoxO1 signaling pathway and suppressing the PKA/CREB signaling pathway in insulin resistant hepatocytes. This finding suggests that AHG could be a potential marine natural product for the treatment of dysregulating glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunmei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Glycoscience & Glycotechnology of Shandong Province, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Huimin Liu
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
| | - Yuanhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Glycoscience & Glycotechnology of Shandong Province, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China. and Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Shuang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Glycoscience & Glycotechnology of Shandong Province, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China. and Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Mingming Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Glycoscience & Glycotechnology of Shandong Province, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China. and Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Tingfu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Glycoscience & Glycotechnology of Shandong Province, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China. and Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zhihua Lv
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Glycoscience & Glycotechnology of Shandong Province, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China. and Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266003, China
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17
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Function and Transcriptional Regulation of Bovine TORC2 Gene in Adipocytes: Roles of C/EBP, XBP1, INSM1 and ZNF263. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184338. [PMID: 31487963 PMCID: PMC6769628 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The TORC2 gene is a member of the transducer of the regulated cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element binding protein gene family, which plays a key role in metabolism and adipogenesis. In the present study, we confirmed the role of TORC2 in bovine preadipocyte proliferation through cell cycle staining flow cytometry, cell counting assay, 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine staining (EdU), and mRNA and protein expression analysis of proliferation-related marker genes. In addition, Oil red O staining analysis, immunofluorescence of adiponectin, mRNA and protein level expression of lipid related marker genes confirmed the role of TORC2 in the regulation of bovine adipocyte differentiation. Furthermore, the transcription start site and sub-cellular localization of the TORC2 gene was identified in bovine adipocytes. To investigate the underlying regulatory mechanism of the bovine TORC2, we cloned a 1990 bp of the 5’ untranslated region (5′UTR) promoter region into a luciferase reporter vector and seven vector fragments were constructed through serial deletion of the 5′UTR flanking region. The core promoter region of the TORC2 gene was identified at location −314 to −69 bp upstream of the transcription start site. Based on the results of the transcriptional activities of the promoter vector fragments, luciferase activities of mutated fragments and siRNAs interference, four transcription factors (CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein C/BEPγ, X-box binding protein 1 XBP1, Insulinoma-associated 1 INSM1, and Zinc finger protein 263 ZNF263) were identified as the transcriptional regulators of TORC2 gene. These findings were further confirmed through Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay (EMSA) within nuclear extracts of bovine adipocytes. Furthermore, we also identified that C/EBPγ, XBP1, INSM1 and ZNF263 regulate TORC2 gene as activators in the promoter region. We can conclude that TORC2 gene is potentially a positive regulator of adipogenesis. These findings will not only provide an insight for the improvement of intramuscular fat in cattle, but will enhance our understanding regarding therapeutic intervention of metabolic syndrome and obesity in public health as well.
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18
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Van de Velde S, Wiater E, Tran M, Hwang Y, Cole PA, Montminy M. CREB Promotes Beta Cell Gene Expression by Targeting Its Coactivators to Tissue-Specific Enhancers. Mol Cell Biol 2019; 39:e00200-19. [PMID: 31182641 PMCID: PMC6692124 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00200-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
CREB mediates effects of cyclic AMP on cellular gene expression. Ubiquitous CREB target genes are induced following recruitment of CREB and its coactivators to promoter proximal binding sites. We found that CREB stimulates the expression of pancreatic beta cell-specific genes by targeting CBP/p300 to promoter-distal enhancer regions. Subsequent increases in histone acetylation facilitate recruitment of the coactivators CRTC2 and BRD4, leading to release of RNA polymerase II over the target gene body. Indeed, CREB-induced hyperacetylation of chromatin over superenhancers promoted beta cell-restricted gene expression, which is sensitive to inhibitors of CBP/p300 and BRD4 activity. Neurod1 appears critical in establishing nucleosome-free regions for recruitment of CREB to beta cell-specific enhancers. Deletion of a CREB-Neurod1-bound enhancer within the Lrrc10b-Syt7 superenhancer disrupted the expression of both genes and decreased beta cell function. Our results demonstrate how cross talk between signal-dependent and lineage-determining factors promotes the expression of cell-type-specific gene programs in response to extracellular cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Van de Velde
- Peptide Biology Laboratories, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Ezra Wiater
- Peptide Biology Laboratories, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Melissa Tran
- Peptide Biology Laboratories, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Yousang Hwang
- Department of Pharmacology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Philip A Cole
- Department of Medicine, Department of Biology, Chemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Division of Genetics, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marc Montminy
- Peptide Biology Laboratories, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, Peptide Biology Laboratories, La Jolla, California, USA
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19
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Ji X, Wang S, Tang H, Zhang Y, Zhou F, Zhang L, Zhu Q, Zhu K, Liu Q, Liu Y, Wang X, Zhou L. PPP1R3C mediates metformin-inhibited hepatic gluconeogenesis. Metabolism 2019; 98:62-75. [PMID: 31181215 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metformin has been widely used to alleviate hyperglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mainly via suppressing hepatic gluconeogenesis. However, the underlying mechanism remains incompletely clear. Here, we aimed to explore the role of PPP1R3C in metformin-mediated inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis. METHODS The differentially expressed genes in primary mouse hepatocytes incubated with 8-Br-cAMP and metformin were analyzed by microarrays. Hepatic glucose production and gluconeogenic gene expressions were detected after adenovirus-mediated overexpression or silence of PPP1R3C in vitro and in vivo. The phosphorylation level and location of transducer of regulated CREB activity 2 (TORC2) were determined by Western blot and immunofluorescence. RESULTS Metformin and adenovirus-mediated activation of AMPK suppressed 8-Br-cAMP-stimulated Ppp1r3c mRNA expression in primary mouse hepatocytes. Overexpression of PPP1R3C in primary mouse hepatocytes or the livers of wild-type mice promoted hepatic glucose production and gluconeogenic gene expressions. On the contrary, adenovirus-mediated knockdown of PPP1R3C in primary mouse hepatocytes decreased hepatic gluconeogenesis, with the suppression of cAMP-stimulated gluconeogenic gene expressions and TORC2 dephosphorylation. Notably, Ppp1r3c expression was increased in the liver of db/db mice. After PPP1R3C silence in the livers of wild-type and db/db mice, blood glucose levels and hepatic glucose production were markedly lowered, with decreased expressions of key gluconeogenic enzymes and transcript factors as well as liver glycogen content. CONCLUSION Metformin-activated AMPK decreases hepatic PPP1R3C expression, leading to the suppression of hepatic gluconeogenesis through blocking cAMP-stimulated TORC2 dephosphorylation. Hepatic specific silence of PPP1R3C provides a promising therapeutic strategy for type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Ji
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Shushu Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Hongju Tang
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, PR China; The Department of Geriatrics, The People's of Wenshan Prefecture, Wenshan 663099, PR China
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Feiye Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Qin Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Kecheng Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Yun Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, PR China.
| | - Libin Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, PR China.
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20
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Ernst O, Glucksam-Galnoy Y, Bhatta B, Athamna M, Ben-Dror I, Glick Y, Gerber D, Zor T. Exclusive Temporal Stimulation of IL-10 Expression in LPS-Stimulated Mouse Macrophages by cAMP Inducers and Type I Interferons. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1788. [PMID: 31447835 PMCID: PMC6691811 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Expression of the key anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages is mediated by a delayed autocrine/paracrine loop of type I interferons (IFN) to ensure timely attenuation of inflammation. We have previously shown that cAMP synergizes with early IL-10 expression by LPS, but is unable to amplify the late type I IFN-dependent activity. We now examined the mechanism of this synergistic transcription in mouse macrophages at the promoter level, and explored the crosstalk between type I IFN signaling and cAMP, using the β-adrenergic receptor agonist, isoproterenol, as a cAMP inducer. We show that silencing of the type I IFN receptor enables isoproterenol to synergize with LPS also at the late phase, implying that autocrine type I IFN activity hinders synergistic augmentation of LPS-stimulated IL-10 expression by cAMP at the late phase. Furthermore, IL-10 expression in LPS-stimulated macrophages is exclusively stimulated by either IFNα or isoproterenol. We identified a set of two proximate and inter-dependent cAMP response element (CRE) sites that cooperatively regulate early IL-10 transcription in response to isoproterenol-stimulated CREB and that further synergize with a constitutive Sp1 site. At the late phase, up-regulation of Sp1 activity by LPS-stimulated type I IFN is correlated with loss of function of the CRE sites, suggesting a mechanism for the loss of synergism when LPS-stimulated macrophages switch to type I IFN-dependent IL-10 expression. This report delineates the molecular mechanism of cAMP-accelerated IL-10 transcription in LPS-stimulated murine macrophages that can limit inflammation at its onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orna Ernst
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry & Biophysics, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yifat Glucksam-Galnoy
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry & Biophysics, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Bibek Bhatta
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry & Biophysics, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Muhammad Athamna
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry & Biophysics, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Triangle Regional Research and Development Center, Kafr Qara, Israel
| | - Iris Ben-Dror
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry & Biophysics, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yair Glick
- The Nanotechnology Institute, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Doron Gerber
- The Nanotechnology Institute, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Tsaffrir Zor
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry & Biophysics, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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21
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Rodón L, Svensson RU, Wiater E, Chun MGH, Tsai WW, Eichner LJ, Shaw RJ, Montminy M. The CREB coactivator CRTC2 promotes oncogenesis in LKB1-mutant non-small cell lung cancer. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaaw6455. [PMID: 31355336 PMCID: PMC6656544 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw6455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The LKB1 tumor suppressor is often mutationally inactivated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). LKB1 phosphorylates and activates members of the AMPK family of Ser/Thr kinases. Within this family, the salt-inducible kinases (SIKs) modulate gene expression in part via the inhibitory phosphorylation of the CRTCs, coactivators for CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein). The loss of LKB1 causes SIK inactivation and the induction of the CRTCs, leading to the up-regulation of CREB target genes. We identified CRTC2 as a critical factor in LKB1-deficient NSCLC. CRTC2 is unphosphorylated and therefore constitutively activated in LKB1-mutant NSCLC, where it promotes tumor growth, in part via the induction of the inhibitor of DNA binding 1 (ID1), a bona fide CREB target gene. As ID1 expression is up-regulated and confers poor prognosis in LKB1-deficient NSCLC, our results suggest that small molecules that inhibit CRTC2 and ID1 activity may provide therapeutic benefit to individuals with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Rodón
- Peptide Biology Laboratories, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Robert U. Svensson
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA
| | - Ezra Wiater
- Peptide Biology Laboratories, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Matthew G. H Chun
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA
| | - Wen-Wei Tsai
- Peptide Biology Laboratories, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Lillian J. Eichner
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA
| | - Reuben J. Shaw
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA
| | - Marc Montminy
- Peptide Biology Laboratories, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Corresponding author.
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22
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Tateya S, Rizzo-De Leon N, Cheng AM, Dick BP, Lee WJ, Kim ML, O’Brien K, Morton GJ, Schwartz MW, Kim F. The role of vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) in the control of hepatic gluconeogenic gene expression. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215601. [PMID: 31017943 PMCID: PMC6481847 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
During periods in which glucose absorption from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is insufficient to meet body requirements, hepatic gluconeogenesis plays a key role to maintain normal blood glucose levels. The current studies investigated the role in this process played by vasodilatory-associated phosphoprotein (VASP), a protein that is phosphorylated in hepatocytes by cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA), a key mediator of the action of glucagon. We report that following stimulation of hepatocytes with 8Br-cAMP, phosphorylation of VASP preceded induction of genes encoding key gluconeogenic enzymes, glucose-6-phosphatase (G6p) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (Pck1), and that VASP overexpression enhanced this gene induction. Conversely, hepatocytes from mice lacking VASP (Vasp-/-) displayed blunted induction of gluconeogenic enzymes in response to cAMP, and Vasp-/- mice exhibited both greater fasting hypoglycemia and blunted hepatic gluconeogenic enzyme gene expression in response to fasting in vivo. These effects of VASP deficiency were associated with reduced phosphorylation of both CREB (a key transcription factor for gluconeogenesis that lies downstream of PKA) and histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4), a combination of effects that inhibit transcription of gluconeogenic genes. These data support a model in which VASP functions as a molecular bridge linking the two key signal transduction pathways governing hepatic gluconeogenic gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanshiro Tateya
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Norma Rizzo-De Leon
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Andrew M. Cheng
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Brian P. Dick
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Woo Je Lee
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Madeleine L. Kim
- University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Kevin O’Brien
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Gregory J. Morton
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Michael W. Schwartz
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Francis Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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23
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Tasoulas J, Rodon L, Kaye FJ, Montminy M, Amelio AL. Adaptive Transcriptional Responses by CRTC Coactivators in Cancer. Trends Cancer 2019; 5:111-127. [PMID: 30755304 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Adaptive stress signaling networks directly influence tumor development and progression. These pathways mediate responses that allow cancer cells to cope with both tumor cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic insults and develop acquired resistance to therapeutic interventions. This is mediated in part by constant oncogenic rewiring at the transcriptional level by integration of extracellular cues that promote cell survival and malignant transformation. The cAMP-regulated transcriptional coactivators (CRTCs) are a newly discovered family of intracellular signaling integrators that serve as the conduit to the basic transcriptional machinery to regulate a host of adaptive response genes. Thus, somatic alterations that lead to CRTC activation are emerging as key driver events in the development and progression of many tumor subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Tasoulas
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; These authors contributed equally
| | - Laura Rodon
- Peptide Biology Laboratories, Salk Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA; These authors contributed equally
| | - Frederic J Kaye
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Marc Montminy
- Peptide Biology Laboratories, Salk Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Antonio L Amelio
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, UNC School of Dentistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cancer Cell Biology Program, UNC School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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24
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Berdeaux R, Hutchins C. Anabolic and Pro-metabolic Functions of CREB-CRTC in Skeletal Muscle: Advantages and Obstacles for Type 2 Diabetes and Cancer Cachexia. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:535. [PMID: 31428057 PMCID: PMC6688074 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
cAMP is one of the earliest described mediators of hormone action in response to physiologic stress that allows acute stress responses and adaptation in every tissue. The classic role of cAMP signaling in metabolic tissues is to regulate nutrient partitioning. In response to acute stress, such as epinephrine released during strenuous exercise or fasting, intramuscular cAMP liberates glucose from glycogen and fatty acids from triglycerides. In the long-term, activation of Gs-coupled GPCRs stimulates muscle growth (hypertrophy) and metabolic adaptation through multiple pathways that culminate in a net increase of protein synthesis, mitochondrial biogenesis, and improved metabolic efficiency. This review focuses on regulation, function, and transcriptional targets of CREB (cAMP response element binding protein) and CRTCs (CREB regulated transcriptional coactivators) in skeletal muscle and the potential for targeting this pathway to sustain muscle mass and metabolic function in type 2 diabetes and cancer. Although the muscle-autonomous roles of these proteins might render them excellent targets for both conditions, pharmacologic targeting must be approached with caution. Gain of CREB-CRTC function is associated with excess liver glucose output in type 2 diabetes, and growing evidence implicates CREB-CRTC activation in proliferation and invasion of different types of cancer cells. We conclude that deeper investigation to identify skeletal muscle specific regulatory mechanisms that govern CREB-CRTC transcriptional activity is needed to safely take advantage of their potent effects to invigorate skeletal muscle to potentially improve health in people with type 2 diabetes and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Berdeaux
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Cell Biology, The MD Anderson-UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Rebecca Berdeaux
| | - Chase Hutchins
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center Houston, Houston, TX, United States
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25
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Sonntag T, Ostojić J, Vaughan JM, Moresco JJ, Yoon YS, Yates JR, Montminy M. Mitogenic Signals Stimulate the CREB Coactivator CRTC3 through PP2A Recruitment. iScience 2018; 11:134-145. [PMID: 30611118 PMCID: PMC6317279 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2018.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The second messenger 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) stimulates gene expression via the cAMP-regulated transcriptional coactivator (CRTC) family of cAMP response element-binding protein coactivators. In the basal state, CRTCs are phosphorylated by salt-inducible kinases (SIKs) and sequestered in the cytoplasm by 14-3-3 proteins. cAMP signaling inhibits the SIKs, leading to CRTC dephosphorylation and nuclear translocation. Here we show that although all CRTCs are regulated by SIKs, their interactions with Ser/Thr-specific protein phosphatases are distinct. CRTC1 and CRTC2 associate selectively with the calcium-dependent phosphatase calcineurin, whereas CRTC3 interacts with B55 PP2A holoenzymes via a conserved PP2A-binding region (amino acids 380-401). CRTC3-PP2A complex formation was induced by phosphorylation of CRTC3 at S391, facilitating the subsequent activation of CRTC3 by dephosphorylation at 14-3-3 binding sites. As stimulation of mitogenic pathways promoted S391 phosphorylation via the activation of ERKs and CDKs, our results demonstrate how a ubiquitous phosphatase enables cross talk between growth factor and cAMP signaling pathways at the level of a transcriptional coactivator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Sonntag
- Clayton Foundation Laboratories for Peptide Biology, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jelena Ostojić
- Clayton Foundation Laboratories for Peptide Biology, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Joan M Vaughan
- Clayton Foundation Laboratories for Peptide Biology, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - James J Moresco
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Young-Sil Yoon
- Clayton Foundation Laboratories for Peptide Biology, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - John R Yates
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Marc Montminy
- Clayton Foundation Laboratories for Peptide Biology, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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26
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Tolerance to sustained activation of the cAMP/Creb pathway activity in osteoblastic cells is enabled by loss of p53. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:844. [PMID: 30154459 PMCID: PMC6113249 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0944-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The loss of p53 function is a central event in the genesis of osteosarcoma (OS). How mutation of p53 enables OS development from osteoblastic lineage cells is poorly understood. We and others have reported a key role for elevated and persistent activation of the cAMP/PKA/Creb1 pathway in maintenance of OS. In view of the osteoblast lineage being the cell of origin of OS, we sought to determine how these pathways interact within the context of the normal osteoblast. Normal osteoblasts (p53 WT) rapidly underwent apoptosis in response to acute elevation of cAMP levels or activity, whereas p53-deficient osteoblasts tolerated this aberrant cAMP/Creb level and activity. Using the p53 activating small-molecule Nutlin-3a and cAMP/Creb1 activator forskolin, we addressed the question of how p53 responds to the activation of cAMP. We observed that p53 acts dominantly to protect cells from excessive cAMP accumulation. We identify a Creb1-Cbp complex that functions together with and interacts with p53. Finally, translating these results we find that a selective small-molecule inhibitor of the Creb1-Cbp interaction demonstrates selective toxicity to OS cells where this pathway is constitutively active. This highlights the cAMP/Creb axis as a potentially actionable therapeutic vulnerability in p53-deficient tumors such as OS. These results define a mechanism through which p53 protects normal osteoblasts from excessive or abnormal cAMP accumulation, which becomes fundamentally compromised in OS.
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27
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Zhao W, Feng X, Liu B, Xian J, Zhang N. Er-Miao-Fang Extracts Inhibits Adipose Lipolysis and Reduces Hepatic Gluconeogenesis via Suppression of Inflammation. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1041. [PMID: 30154727 PMCID: PMC6102449 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
High-fat-diet (HFD) feeding induces adipose dysfunction. This study aims to explore whether the Traditional Chinese Medical prescription Er-Miao-Fang could ameliorate adipose dysfunction and prevent hepatic glucose output. Short-term HFD feeding induced adipose lipolysis accompanied with enhanced hepatic glucose output in mice. Adipose lipolysis is initiated by cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA) signaling. Oral administration Er-Miao-Fang inhibited inflammation in adipose tissue by dephosphorylation of JNK and reducing TNF-α and IL-1β production, and thus preserved phosphodiesterase 3B (PDE3B) induction, contributing to preventing cAMP accumulation. As a result, from suppression of PKA activation, Er-Miao-Fang reduced fatty acids and glycerol release from adipose tissue due to the inhibition hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL). By blocking the traffic of fatty acids and inflammatory mediators from adipose tissue to the liver, Er-Miao-Fang attenuated hepatic cAMP/PKA signaling by protecting phosphodiesterase 4B (PDE4B) induction from inflammatory insult, and thereby reduced hepatic glucose production by suppression of hepatic glucagon response in HFD-fed mice. In conclusion, Er-Miao-Fang prevented adipose lipolysis by suppression of inflammation, contributing to reducing excessive hepatic glucose output. These findings present a new view of regulating gluconeogenesis and provide the guiding significance for the regulation of multi-link targets with Traditional Chinese Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Zhao
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Feng
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Baolin Liu
- Clinical Metabolomics Centre, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiechen Xian
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Preparation Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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28
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Vieira MS, Santos AK, Vasconcellos R, Goulart VAM, Parreira RC, Kihara AH, Ulrich H, Resende RR. Neural stem cell differentiation into mature neurons: Mechanisms of regulation and biotechnological applications. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:1946-1970. [PMID: 30077716 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The abilities of stem cells to self-renew and form different mature cells expand the possibilities of applications in cell-based therapies such as tissue recomposition in regenerative medicine, drug screening, and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. In addition to stem cells found in the embryo, various adult organs and tissues have niches of stem cells in an undifferentiated state. In the central nervous system of adult mammals, neurogenesis occurs in two regions: the subventricular zone and the dentate gyrus in the hippocampus. The generation of the different neural lines originates in adult neural stem cells that can self-renew or differentiate into astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, or neurons in response to specific stimuli. The regulation of the fate of neural stem cells is a finely controlled process relying on a complex regulatory network that extends from the epigenetic to the translational level and involves extracellular matrix components. Thus, a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying how the process of neurogenesis is induced, regulated, and maintained will provide elues for development of novel for strategies for neurodegenerative therapies. In this review, we focus on describing the mechanisms underlying the regulation of the neuronal differentiation process by transcription factors, microRNAs, and extracellular matrix components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana S Vieira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciência Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Instituto Nanocell, Divinopólis, MG, Brazil
| | - Anderson K Santos
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciência Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Rebecca Vasconcellos
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciência Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Instituto Nanocell, Divinopólis, MG, Brazil
| | - Vânia A M Goulart
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciência Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Ricardo C Parreira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciência Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Instituto Nanocell, Divinopólis, MG, Brazil
| | - Alexandre H Kihara
- Centro de Matemática, Computação e Cognição, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, SP, Brazil
| | - Henning Ulrich
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo R Resende
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciência Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Instituto Nanocell, Divinopólis, MG, Brazil.
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29
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Structural Insights into the CRTC2–CREB Complex Assembly on CRE. J Mol Biol 2018; 430:1926-1939. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2018.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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30
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Liu M, Yang Y, Tan B, Li Y, Zhou P, Su R. G αi and G βγ subunits have opposing effects on dexmedetomidine-induced sedation. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 831:28-37. [PMID: 29738700 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Dexmedetomidine (DMED) is a potent and highly selective α2-adrenergic receptor agonist and is widely used for short-term sedation. However, the mechanism of DMED-induced sedation has not been deciphered. In the present study, we investigated the mechanism of Gαi and Gβγ subunits on DMED-induced sedation. An ED50 of DMED-induced loss of righting reflex (200.0nmol/kg) was increased to 375.0 or 433.3nmol/kg after pre-treatment with cAMP analog dbcAMP (50nmol/5 μl/mouse, i.c.v.) or the phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor rolipram (100nmol/5 μl/mouse, i.c.v.). Conversely, the ED50 of DMED-induced LORR decreased to 113.6 or 136.5 nmol/kg after pre-treated with Gβγ subunit inhibitor M119 (100 mg/kg, i.p.) or gallein (100 mg/kg, i.p.) respectively. Administration of dbcAMP, rolipram, gallein or M119 alone had no effect on LORR. Gallein (10 μM) significantly inhibited forskolin-stimulated cAMP accumulation in α2A-AR -CHO cells. Compared with Gβγ subunit inhibitors or DMED alone, [Ca2+]i and pERK1/2 was significantly increased after co-administration with Gβγ subunit inhibitors and DMED. DbcAMP (5 μM) or rolipram (5 μM) alone had no effect on ERK1/2 phosphorylation, but decreased DMED-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation after co-administration with DMED. Gβγ subunit inhibitor treatment increased DMED-induced phosphorylation of CREB, whereas dbcAMP or rolipram had no effect on pCREB induced by DMED. From our results we conclude that, Gβγ subunit may inhibit DMED-induced sedation through the cAMP and pERK1/2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27th Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27th Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Bo Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27th Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yulei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27th Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Peilan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27th Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Ruibin Su
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27th Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China.
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31
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Kim YH, Yoo H, Hong AR, Kwon M, Kang SW, Kim K, Song Y. NEDD4L limits cAMP signaling through ubiquitination of CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 3. FASEB J 2018; 32:4053-4062. [PMID: 29505301 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201701406r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor cAMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB) is involved in a variety of physiologic processes. Although its activity appears to be largely correlated with its phosphorylation status, cAMP-mediated dephosphorylation and the subsequent nuclear migration of the CREB-regulated transcription factors (CRTCs) are required to stimulate CREB transcriptional activity. Among the 3 identified mammalian homologs of CRTCs, CRTC3 has been shown to be expressed predominantly in adipose tissues in response to catecholamine signals that regulate lipid metabolism. Here, we show that prolonged cAMP signaling down-regulates CRTC3 in a proteasome-dependent manner and that neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally down-regulated gene 4-like (NEDD4L), a specific ubiquitin ligase for CRTC3, is responsible for this process. By recognizing the PY motif of CRTC3, NEDD4L interacts with CRTC3 and promotes its polyubiquitination. Interaction between NEDD4L and CRTC3 is further boosted by cAMP signaling, and this enhanced interaction appears to be dependent on the cAMP-mediated phosphorylation of NEDD4L at the Ser448 site. Furthermore, we show that food withdrawal stimulates NEDD4L phosphorylation in mice, which then show a decrease of adipose tissue CRTC3 protein levels. Together, these results suggest that NEDD4L plays a key role in the feedback regulation of cAMP signaling by limiting CRTC3 protein levels.-Kim, Y.-H., Yoo, H., Hong, A.-R., Kwon, M., Kang, S.-W., Kim, K., Song, Y. NEDD4L limits cAMP signaling through ubiquitination of CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yo-Han Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hanju Yoo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - A-Reum Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Minseo Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang-Wook Kang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyunggon Kim
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Convergence Medicine Research Center/Biomedical Research Center, Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Youngsup Song
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Puigdellívol M, Saavedra A, Pérez-Navarro E. Cognitive dysfunction in Huntington's disease: mechanisms and therapeutic strategies beyond BDNF. Brain Pathol 2018; 26:752-771. [PMID: 27529673 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the main focuses in Huntington's disease (HD) research, as well as in most neurodegenerative diseases, is the development of new therapeutic strategies, as currently there is no treatment to delay or prevent the progression of the disease. Neuronal dysfunction and neuronal death in HD are caused by a combination of interrelated pathogenic processes that lead to motor, cognitive and psychiatric symptoms. Understanding how mutant huntingtin impacts on a plethora of cellular functions could help to identify new molecular targets. Although HD has been classically classified as a neurodegenerative disease affecting voluntary movement, lately cognitive dysfunction is receiving increased attention as it is very invalidating for patients. Thus, an ambitious goal in HD research is to find altered molecular mechanisms that contribute to cognitive decline. In this review, we have focused on those findings related to corticostriatal and hippocampal cognitive dysfunction in HD, as well as on the underlying molecular mechanisms, which constitute potential therapeutic targets. These include alterations in synaptic plasticity, transcriptional machinery and neurotrophic and neurotransmitter signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mar Puigdellívol
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Ana Saavedra
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Esther Pérez-Navarro
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Goldstein I, Hager GL. The Three Ds of Transcription Activation by Glucagon: Direct, Delayed, and Dynamic. Endocrinology 2018; 159:206-216. [PMID: 29077799 PMCID: PMC6283435 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-00521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Upon lowered blood glucose occurring during fasting, glucagon is secreted from pancreatic islets, exerting various metabolic effects to normalize glucose levels. A considerable portion of these effects is mediated by glucagon-activated transcription factors (TFs) in liver. Glucagon directly activates several TFs via immediate cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)- and calcium-dependent signaling events. Among these TFs, cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) is a major factor. CREB recruits histone-modifying enzymes and cooperates with other TFs on the chromatin template to increase the rate of gene transcription. In addition to direct signal transduction, the transcriptional effects of glucagon are also influenced by dynamic TF cross talk. Specifically, assisted loading of one TF by a companion TF leads to increased binding and activity. Lastly, transcriptional regulation by glucagon is also exerted by TF cascades by which a primary TF induces the gene expression of secondary TFs that bring about their activity a few hours after the initial glucagon signal. This mechanism of a delayed response may be instrumental in establishing the temporal organization of the fasting response by which distinct metabolic events separate early from prolonged fasting. In this mini-review, we summarize recent advances and critical discoveries in glucagon-dependent gene regulation with a focus on direct TF activation, dynamic TF cross talk, and TF cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ido Goldstein
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- Correspondence: Gordon L. Hager, PhD, Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 41, Room B602, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. E-mail: ; or Ido Goldstein, PhD, Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 41, Room B307, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. E-mail:
| | - Gordon L Hager
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- Correspondence: Gordon L. Hager, PhD, Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 41, Room B602, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. E-mail: ; or Ido Goldstein, PhD, Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 41, Room B307, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. E-mail:
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CRTC1 mediates preferential transcription at neuronal activity-regulated CRE/TATA promoters. Sci Rep 2017; 7:18004. [PMID: 29269871 PMCID: PMC5740062 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18215-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene expression mediated by the transcription factor cAMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB) is essential for a wide range of brain processes. The transcriptional coactivartor CREB-regulated transcription coactivator-1 (CRTC1) is required for efficient induction of CREB target genes during neuronal activity. However, the mechanisms regulating induction of specific CREB/CRTC1-dependent genes during neuronal activity remain largely unclear. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanisms regulating activity-dependent gene transcription upon activation of the CREB/CRTC1 signaling pathway in neurons. Depolarization and cAMP signals induce preferential transcription of activity-dependent genes containing promoters with proximal CRE/TATA sequences, such as c-fos, Dusp1, Nr4a1, Nr4a2 and Ptgs2, but not genes with proximal CRE/TATA-less promoters (e.g. Nr4a3, Presenilin-1 and Presenilin-2). Notably, biochemical and chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses reveal constitutive binding of CREB to target gene promoters in the absence of neuronal activity, whereas recruitment of CRTC1 to proximal CRE/TATA promoters depends on neuronal activity. Neuronal activity induces rapid CRTC1 dephosphorylation, nuclear translocation and binding to endogenous CREB. These results indicate that neuronal activity induces a preferential binding of CRTC1 to the transcriptional complex in CRE/TATA-containing promoters to engage activity-dependent transcription in neurons.
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Parra-Damas A, Chen M, Enriquez-Barreto L, Ortega L, Acosta S, Perna JC, Fullana MN, Aguilera J, Rodríguez-Alvarez J, Saura CA. CRTC1 Function During Memory Encoding Is Disrupted in Neurodegeneration. Biol Psychiatry 2017; 81:111-123. [PMID: 27587263 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2016.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Associative memory impairment is an early clinical feature of dementia patients, but the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying these deficits are largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the functional regulation of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein (CREB)-regulated transcription coactivator 1 (CRTC1) by associative learning in physiological and neurodegenerative conditions. METHODS We evaluated the activation of CRTC1 in the hippocampus of control mice and mice lacking the Alzheimer's disease-linked presenilin genes (presenilin conditional double knockout [PS cDKO]) after one-trial contextual fear conditioning by using biochemical, immunohistochemical, and gene expression analyses. PS cDKO mice display classical features of neurodegeneration occurring in Alzheimer's disease including age-dependent cortical atrophy, neuron loss, dendritic degeneration, and memory deficits. RESULTS Context-associative learning, but not single context or unconditioned stimuli, induces rapid dephosphorylation (Ser151) and translocation of CRTC1 from the cytosol/dendrites to the nucleus of hippocampal neurons in the mouse brain. Accordingly, context-associative learning induces differential CRTC1-dependent transcription of c-fos and the nuclear receptor subfamily 4 (Nr4a) genes Nr4a1-3 in the hippocampus through a mechanism that involves CRTC1 recruitment to CRE promoters. Deregulation of CRTC1 dephosphorylation, nuclear translocation, and transcriptional function are associated with long-term contextual memory deficits in PS cDKO mice. Importantly, CRTC1 gene therapy in the hippocampus ameliorates context memory and transcriptional deficits and dendritic degeneration despite ongoing cortical degeneration in this neurodegeneration mouse model. CONCLUSIONS These findings reveal a critical role of CRTC1 in the hippocampus during associative memory, and provide evidence that CRTC1 deregulation underlies memory deficits during neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaldo Parra-Damas
- Institut de Neurociències, Department de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular; and the; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Meng Chen
- Institut de Neurociències, Department de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular; and the; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lilian Enriquez-Barreto
- Institut de Neurociències, Department de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular; and the; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Ortega
- Institut de Neurociències, Department de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular; and the
| | - Sara Acosta
- Institut de Neurociències, Department de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular; and the
| | - Judith Camats Perna
- Institut de Neurociències, Department de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular; and the
| | - M Neus Fullana
- Institut de Neurociències, Department de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular; and the
| | - José Aguilera
- Institut de Neurociències, Department de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular; and the; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Rodríguez-Alvarez
- Institut de Neurociències, Department de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular; and the; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos A Saura
- Institut de Neurociències, Department de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular; and the; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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36
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Belgacem YH, Borodinsky LN. CREB at the Crossroads of Activity-Dependent Regulation of Nervous System Development and Function. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1015:19-39. [PMID: 29080019 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-62817-2_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The central nervous system is a highly plastic network of cells that constantly adjusts its functions to environmental stimuli throughout life. Transcription-dependent mechanisms modify neuronal properties to respond to external stimuli regulating numerous developmental functions, such as cell survival and differentiation, and physiological functions such as learning, memory, and circadian rhythmicity. The discovery and cloning of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) responsive element binding protein (CREB) constituted a big step toward deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying neuronal plasticity. CREB was first discovered in learning and memory studies as a crucial mediator of activity-dependent changes in target gene expression that in turn impose long-lasting modifications of the structure and function of neurons. In this chapter, we review the molecular and signaling mechanisms of neural activity-dependent recruitment of CREB and its cofactors. We discuss the crosstalk between signaling pathways that imprints diverse spatiotemporal patterns of CREB activation allowing for the integration of a wide variety of stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesser H Belgacem
- INMED, Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM, Marseille, France and Aix-Marseille Université, IMéRA, F-13000, Marseille, France.
| | - Laura N Borodinsky
- Department of Physiology & Membrane Biology and Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine and Shriners Hospital for Children Northern California, Sacramento, CA, USA
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Hashimoto K, Tsuji Y. Arsenic-Induced Activation of the Homeodomain-Interacting Protein Kinase 2 (HIPK2) to cAMP-Response Element Binding Protein (CREB) Axis. J Mol Biol 2016; 429:64-78. [PMID: 27884605 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2016.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic AMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) plays key transcriptional roles in cell metabolism, proliferation, and survival. Ser133 phosphorylation by protein kinase A (PKA) is a well-characterized CREB activation mechanism. Homeodomain-interacting protein kinase (HIPK) 2, a nuclear serine/threonine kinase, activates CREB through Ser271 phosphorylation; however, the regulatory mechanism remains uncharacterized. Transfection of CREB in HEK293 cells together with the kinase demonstrated that HIPK2 phosphorylated CREB at Ser271 but not Ser133; likewise, PKA phosphorylated CREB at Ser133 but not Ser271, suggesting two distinct CREB regulatory mechanisms by HIPK2 and PKA. In vitro kinase assay revealed that HIPK2, and HIPK1 and HIPK3, directly phosphorylated CREB. Cells exposed to 10μM sodium arsenite increased the stability of HIPK1 and HIPK2 proteins, leading to CREB activation via Ser271 phosphorylation. Phospho-Ser271 CREB showed facilitated interaction with the TFIID subunit coactivator TAF4 assessed by immunoprecipitation. Furthermore, a focused gene array between cells transfected with CREB alone and CREB plus HIPK2 over empty vector-transfected control displayed 14- and 32-fold upregulation of cyclin A1, respectively, while no upregulation was displayed by HIPK2 alone. These results suggest that the HIPK2-phospho-Ser271 CREB axis is a new arsenic-responsive CREB activation mechanism in parallel with the PKA-phospho-Ser133 CREB axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Hashimoto
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7633, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Yoshiaki Tsuji
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7633, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
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38
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Kim SH, Trinh AT, Larsen MC, Mastrocola AS, Jefcoate CR, Bushel PR, Tibbetts RS. Tunable regulation of CREB DNA binding activity couples genotoxic stress response and metabolism. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:9667-9680. [PMID: 27431323 PMCID: PMC5175338 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) is a key regulator of glucose metabolism and synaptic plasticity that is canonically regulated through recruitment of transcriptional coactivators. Here we show that phosphorylation of CREB on a conserved cluster of Ser residues (the ATM/CK cluster) by the DNA damage-activated protein kinase ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) and casein kinase1 (CK1) and casein kinase2 (CK2) positively and negatively regulates CREB-mediated transcription in a signal dependent manner. In response to genotoxic stress, phosphorylation of the ATM/CK cluster inhibited CREB-mediated gene expression, DNA binding activity and chromatin occupancy proportional to the number of modified Ser residues. Paradoxically, substoichiometric, ATM-independent, phosphorylation of the ATM/CK cluster potentiated bursts in CREB-mediated transcription by promoting recruitment of the CREB coactivator, cAMP-regulated transcriptional coactivators (CRTC2). Livers from mice expressing a non-phosphorylatable CREB allele failed to attenuate gluconeogenic genes in response to DNA damage or fully activate the same genes in response to glucagon. We propose that phosphorylation-dependent regulation of DNA binding activity evolved as a tunable mechanism to control CREB transcriptional output and promote metabolic homeostasis in response to rapidly changing environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hwa Kim
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Anthony T Trinh
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Michele Campaigne Larsen
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Adam S Mastrocola
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Colin R Jefcoate
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Pierre R Bushel
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Randal S Tibbetts
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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Rahnert JA, Zheng B, Hudson MB, Woodworth-Hobbs ME, Price SR. Glucocorticoids Alter CRTC-CREB Signaling in Muscle Cells: Impact on PGC-1α Expression and Atrophy Markers. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159181. [PMID: 27404111 PMCID: PMC4942104 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle wasting associated with chronic diseases has been linked to decreased expression of PGC-1α and overexpression of PGC-1α counters muscle loss. CREB, in conjunction with the CREB-regulated transcription coactivator (CRTC2), is a positive modulator of PGC-1α transcription. We previously reported that PGC-1α expression is decreased in skeletal muscle of diabetic rats despite a high level of CREB phosphorylation (i.e., activation), suggesting that CRTC2-CREB signaling may be dysregulated. In this study, the relationship between CREB/CRTC signaling and PGC-1α expression was examined in L6 myotubes treated with dexamethasone (Dex, 48h) to induce atrophy. Dex decreased PGC-1α mRNA and protein as well as the levels of CRTC1 and CRTC2 in the nucleus. Dex also altered the nuclear levels of two known regulators of CRTC2 localization; the amount of calcinuerin catalytic A subunit (CnA) was decreased whereas SIK was increased. To assess PGC-1α transcription, muscle cells were transfected with a PGC-1α luciferase reporter plasmid (PGC-1α-Luc). Dex suppressed PGC-1α luciferase activity while both isobutylmethylxanthine (IBMX) and over-expression of CRTC1 or CRTC2 increased PGC-1α-Luc activity. Mutation of the CRE binding site from PGC-1α-Luc reporter attenuated the responses to both IBMX and the CRTC proteins. Consistent with the reporter gene results, overexpression of CRTC2 produced an increase in CRTC2 in the nucleus and in PGC-1α mRNA and PGC-1α protein. Overexpression of CRTC2 was not sufficient to prevent the decrease in PGC-1α mRNA or protein by Dex. In summary, these data suggest that attenuated CREB/CRTC signaling contributes to the decrease in PGC-1α expression during atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill A. Rahnert
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Bin Zheng
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Matthew B. Hudson
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Myra E. Woodworth-Hobbs
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - S. Russ Price
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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40
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MDM2 facilitates adipocyte differentiation through CRTC-mediated activation of STAT3. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2289. [PMID: 27362806 PMCID: PMC5108339 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitin ligase MDM2 is best known for balancing the activity of the tumor suppressor p53. We have previously shown that MDM2 is vital for adipocyte conversion through controlling Cebpd expression in a p53-independent manner. Here, we show that the proadipogenic effect of MDM2 relies on activation of the STAT family of transcription factors. Their activation was required for the cAMP-mediated induction of target genes. Interestingly, rather than influencing all cAMP-stimulated genes, inhibition of the kinases directly responsible for STAT activation, namely JAKs, or ablation of MDM2, each resulted in abolished induction of a subset of cAMP-stimulated genes, with Cebpd being among the most affected. Moreover, STATs were able to interact with the transcriptional cofactors CRTC2 and CRTC3, hitherto only reported to associate with the cAMP-responsive transcription factor CREB. Last but not least, the binding of CRTC2 to a transcriptional enhancer that interacts with the Cebpd promoter was dramatically decreased upon JAK inhibition. Our data reveal the existence of an unusual functional interplay between STATs and CREB at the onset of adipogenesis through shared CRTC cofactors.
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41
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Walia MK, Ho PM, Taylor S, Ng AJ, Gupte A, Chalk AM, Zannettino AC, Martin TJ, Walkley CR. Activation of PTHrP-cAMP-CREB1 signaling following p53 loss is essential for osteosarcoma initiation and maintenance. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 27070462 PMCID: PMC4854515 DOI: 10.7554/elife.13446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the P53 pathway are a hallmark of human cancer. The identification of pathways upon which p53-deficient cells depend could reveal therapeutic targets that may spare normal cells with intact p53. In contrast to P53 point mutations in other cancer, complete loss of P53 is a frequent event in osteosarcoma (OS), the most common cancer of bone. The consequences of p53 loss for osteoblastic cells and OS development are poorly understood. Here we use murine OS models to demonstrate that elevated Pthlh (Pthrp), cAMP levels and signalling via CREB1 are characteristic of both p53-deficient osteoblasts and OS. Normal osteoblasts survive depletion of both PTHrP and CREB1. In contrast, p53-deficient osteoblasts and OS depend upon continuous activation of this pathway and undergo proliferation arrest and apoptosis in the absence of PTHrP or CREB1. Our results identify the PTHrP-cAMP-CREB1 axis as an attractive pathway for therapeutic inhibition in OS. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.13446.001 Bone cancer (osteosarcoma) is caused by mutations in certain genes, which results in cells growing and dividing uncontrollably. In particular, a gene that produces a protein called P53 in humans is lost in all bone cancers. However, we don’t understand what happens to the bone cells when they lose P53. Although a number of studies have identified several molecular pathways that are changed in bone cancers – such as the cyclic AMP (cAMP) pathway – how these interact to cause a cancer is not well understood. Walia et al. compared bone-forming cells from normal mice with cells from mutant mice from which the gene that produces the mouse p53 protein could be removed. This revealed that the loss of p53 causes these cells to grow faster. The activity of the cAMP pathway also increases in p53-deficient cells. Further investigation revealed that the cells grow faster only if they are able to activate the cAMP pathway, and that this pathway needs to stay active for bone cancer cells to grow and survive. This suggests that inhibiting this pathway could present a new way to treat bone cancer. Walia et al. confirmed several of their findings in human cells. Future studies will now investigate how the loss of the P53 protein in humans activates the cAMP pathway, which will be important for understanding how this cancer forms. It will also be worthwhile to begin testing ways to block this pathway to determine whether it is a useful target for therapies. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.13446.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Mannu K Walia
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Australia
| | - Patricia Mw Ho
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Australia
| | - Scott Taylor
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Australia
| | - Alvin Jm Ng
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Australia.,Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia
| | - Ankita Gupte
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Australia
| | - Alistair M Chalk
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Australia.,Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia
| | - Andrew Cw Zannettino
- Myeloma Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.,Cancer Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - T John Martin
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Australia.,Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia
| | - Carl R Walkley
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Australia.,Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia.,ACRF Rational Drug Discovery Centre, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Australia
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42
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Yun B, Lee H, Jayaraja S, Suram S, Murphy RC, Leslie CC. Prostaglandins from Cytosolic Phospholipase A2α/Cyclooxygenase-1 Pathway and Mitogen-activated Protein Kinases Regulate Gene Expression in Candida albicans-infected Macrophages. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:7070-86. [PMID: 26841868 PMCID: PMC4807289 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.714873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In Candida albicans-infected resident peritoneal macrophages, activation of group IVA cytosolic phospholipase A2(cPLA2α) by calcium- and mitogen-activated protein kinases triggers the rapid production of prostaglandins I2 and E2 through cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and regulates gene expression by increasing cAMP. InC. albicans-infected cPLA2α(-/-)or COX-1(-/-)macrophages, expression ofI l10,Nr4a2, and Ptgs2 was lower, and expression ofTnfα was higher, than in wild type macrophages. Expression was reconstituted with 8-bromo-cAMP, the PKA activator 6-benzoyl-cAMP, and agonists for prostaglandin receptors IP, EP2, and EP4 in infected but not uninfected cPLA2α(-/-)or COX-1(-/-)macrophages. InC. albicans-infected cPLA2α(+/+)macrophages, COX-2 expression was blocked by IP, EP2, and EP4 receptor antagonists, indicating a role for both prostaglandin I2 and E2 Activation of ERKs and p38, but not JNKs, by C. albicansacted synergistically with prostaglandins to induce expression of Il10,Nr4a2, and Ptgs2. Tnfα expression required activation of ERKs and p38 but was suppressed by cAMP. Results using cAMP analogues that activate PKA or Epacs suggested that cAMP regulates gene expression through PKA. However, phosphorylation of cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB), the cAMP-regulated transcription factor involved inIl10,Nr4a2,Ptgs2, andTnfα expression, was not mediated by cAMP/PKA because it was similar inC. albicans-infected wild type and cPLA2α(-/-)or COX-1(-/-)macrophages. CREB phosphorylation was blocked by p38 inhibitors and induced by the p38 activator anisomycin but not by the PKA activator 6-benzoyl-cAMP. Therefore, MAPK activation inC. albicans-infected macrophages plays a dual role by promoting the cPLA2α/prostaglandin/cAMP/PKA pathway and CREB phosphorylation that coordinately regulate immediate early gene expression.
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MESH Headings
- 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate/pharmacology
- Animals
- Candida albicans/physiology
- Cyclic AMP/analogs & derivatives
- Cyclic AMP/metabolism
- Cyclic AMP/pharmacology
- Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein/genetics
- Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein/immunology
- Cyclooxygenase 1/deficiency
- Cyclooxygenase 1/genetics
- Cyclooxygenase 1/immunology
- Cyclooxygenase 2/genetics
- Cyclooxygenase 2/immunology
- Dinoprostone/biosynthesis
- Epoprostenol/biosynthesis
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Group IV Phospholipases A2/deficiency
- Group IV Phospholipases A2/genetics
- Group IV Phospholipases A2/immunology
- Host-Pathogen Interactions
- Interleukin-10/genetics
- Interleukin-10/immunology
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/drug effects
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/immunology
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/microbiology
- Membrane Proteins/deficiency
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1/genetics
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1/immunology
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3/genetics
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3/immunology
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 2/genetics
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 2/immunology
- Primary Cell Culture
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Receptors, Prostaglandin/agonists
- Receptors, Prostaglandin/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Prostaglandin/genetics
- Receptors, Prostaglandin/immunology
- Signal Transduction
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/immunology
- p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/genetics
- p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogeon Yun
- From the Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado 80206 and
| | - HeeJung Lee
- From the Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado 80206 and
| | - Sabarirajan Jayaraja
- From the Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado 80206 and
| | - Saritha Suram
- From the Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado 80206 and
| | | | - Christina C Leslie
- From the Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado 80206 and the Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado 80045
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43
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Meylan EM, Halfon O, Magistretti PJ, Cardinaux JR. The HDAC inhibitor SAHA improves depressive-like behavior of CRTC1-deficient mice: Possible relevance for treatment-resistant depression. Neuropharmacology 2016; 107:111-121. [PMID: 26970016 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Major depression is a highly complex disabling psychiatric disorder affecting millions of people worldwide. Despite the availability of several classes of antidepressants, a substantial percentage of patients are unresponsive to these medications. A better understanding of the neurobiology of depression and the mechanisms underlying antidepressant response is thus critically needed. We previously reported that mice lacking CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 1 (CRTC1) exhibit a depressive-like phenotype and a blunted antidepressant response to the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine. In this study, we similarly show that Crtc1(-/-) mice are resistant to the antidepressant effect of chronic desipramine in a behavioral despair paradigm. Supporting the blunted response to this tricyclic antidepressant, we found that desipramine does not significantly increase the expression of Bdnf and Nr4a1-3 in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of Crtc1(-/-) mice. Epigenetic regulation of neuroplasticity gene expression has been associated with depression and antidepressant response, and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have been shown to have antidepressant-like properties. Here, we show that unlike conventional antidepressants, chronic systemic administration of the HDAC inhibitor SAHA partially rescues the depressive-like behavior of Crtc1(-/-) mice. This behavioral effect is accompanied by an increased expression of Bdnf, but not Nr4a1-3, in the prefrontal cortex of these mice, suggesting that this epigenetic intervention restores the expression of a subset of genes by acting downstream of CRTC1. These findings suggest that CRTC1 alterations may be associated with treatment-resistant depression, and support the interesting possibility that targeting HDACs may be a useful therapeutic strategy in antidepressant development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa M Meylan
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center, University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland; Service of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Halfon
- Service of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pierre J Magistretti
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia; Laboratory of Neuroenergetics and Cellular Dynamics, Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland; Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center, University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Jean-René Cardinaux
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center, University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland; Service of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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44
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Beckervordersandforth R, Zhang CL, Lie DC. Transcription-Factor-Dependent Control of Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2015; 7:a018879. [PMID: 26430216 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a018879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Adult-generated dentate granule neurons have emerged as major contributors to hippocampal plasticity. New neurons are generated from neural stem cells through a complex sequence of proliferation, differentiation, and maturation steps. Development of the new neuron is dependent on the precise temporal activity of transcription factors, which coordinate the expression of stage-specific genetic programs. Here, we review current knowledge in transcription factor-mediated regulation of mammalian neural stem cells and neurogenesis and will discuss potential mechanisms of how transcription factor networks, on one hand, allow for precise execution of the developmental sequence and, on the other hand, allow for adaptation of the rate and timing of adult neurogenesis in response to complex stimuli. Understanding transcription factor-mediated control of neuronal development will provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying neurogenesis-dependent plasticity in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Beckervordersandforth
- Institute of Biochemistry, Emil Fischer Center, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Chun-Li Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - Dieter Chichung Lie
- Institute of Biochemistry, Emil Fischer Center, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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45
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Schumacher Y, Aparicio T, Ourabah S, Baraille F, Martin A, Wind P, Dentin R, Postic C, Guilmeau S. Dysregulated CRTC1 activity is a novel component of PGE2 signaling that contributes to colon cancer growth. Oncogene 2015; 35:2602-14. [PMID: 26300003 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
First identified as a dedicated CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein) co-activator, CRTC1 (CREB-regulated transcription co-activator 1) has been widely implicated in various neuronal functions because of its predominant expression in the brain. However, recent evidences converge to indicate that CRTC1 is aberrantly activated in an expanding number of adult malignancies. In this study, we provide strong evidences of enhanced CRTC1 protein content and transcriptional activity in mouse models of sporadic (APC(min/+) mice) or colitis-associated colon cancer azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium (AOM/DSS-treated mice), and in human colorectal tumors specimens compared with adjacent normal mucosa. Among signals that could trigger CRTC1 activation during colonic carcinogenesis, we demonstrate that treatment with cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) inhibitors reduced nuclear CRTC1 active form levels in colonic tumors of APC(min/+) or AOM/DSS mice. In accordance, prostaglandins E2 (PGE2) exposure to human colon cancer cell lines promoted CRTC1 dephosphorylation and parallel nuclear translocation, resulting in enhanced CRTC1 transcriptional activity, through EP1 and EP2 receptors signaling and consecutive calcineurin and protein kinase A activation. In vitro CRTC1 loss of function in colon cancer cell lines was associated with reduced viability and cell division rate as well as enhanced chemotherapy-induced apoptosis on PGE2 treatment. Conversely, CRTC1 stable overexpression significantly increased colonic xenografts tumor growth, therefore demonstrating the role of CRTC1 signaling in colon cancer progression. Identification of the transcriptional program triggered by enhanced CRTC1 expression during colonic carcinogenesis, revealed some notable pro-tumorigenic CRTC1 target genes including NR4A2, COX2, amphiregulin (AREG) and IL-6. Finally, we demonstrate that COX2, AREG and IL-6 promoter activities triggered by CRTC1 are dependent on functional AP1 and CREB transcriptional partners. Overall, our study establishes CRTC1 as new mediator of PGE2 signaling, unravels the importance of its dysregulation in colon cancer and strengthens its use as a bona fide cancer marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Schumacher
- Inserm U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - T Aparicio
- Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology Unit, Avicenne Hospital, HUPSSD, APHP, Université Paris 13, Bobigny, France
| | - S Ourabah
- Inserm U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - F Baraille
- Inserm U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - A Martin
- Pathology Unit, Avicenne Hospital, HUPSSD, APHP, Université Paris 13, Bobigny, France
| | - P Wind
- Digestive Surgery Unit, Avicenne Hospital, HUPSSD, APHP, Université Paris 13, Bobigny, France
| | - R Dentin
- Inserm U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - C Postic
- Inserm U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - S Guilmeau
- Inserm U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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46
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SIRT1 Suppresses Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Transcription. J Virol 2015; 89:8623-31. [PMID: 26063426 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01229-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-associated diseases are poorly treatable, and HTLV-1 vaccines are not available. High proviral load is one major risk factor for disease development. HTLV-1 encodes Tax oncoprotein, which activates transcription from viral long terminal repeats (LTR) and various types of cellular promoters. Counteracting Tax function might have prophylactic and therapeutic benefits. In this work, we report on the suppression of Tax activation of HTLV-1 LTR by SIRT1 deacetylase. The transcriptional activity of Tax on the LTR was largely ablated when SIRT1 was overexpressed, but Tax activation of NF-κB was unaffected. On the contrary, the activation of the LTR by Tax was boosted when SIRT1 was depleted. Treatment of cells with resveratrol shunted Tax activity in a SIRT1-dependent manner. The activation of SIRT1 in HTLV-1-transformed T cells by resveratrol potently inhibited HTLV-1 proviral transcription and Tax expression, whereas compromising SIRT1 by specific inhibitors augmented HTLV-1 mRNA expression. The administration of resveratrol also decreased the production of cell-free HTLV-1 virions from MT2 cells and the transmission of HTLV-1 from MT2 cells to uninfected Jurkat cells in coculture. SIRT1 associated with Tax in HTLV-1-transformed T cells. Treatment with resveratrol prevented the interaction of Tax with CREB and the recruitment of CREB, CRTC1, and p300 to Tax-responsive elements in the LTR. Our work demonstrates the negative regulatory function of SIRT1 in Tax activation of HTLV-1 transcription. Small-molecule activators of SIRT1 such as resveratrol might be considered new prophylactic and therapeutic agents in HTLV-1-associated diseases. IMPORTANCE Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) causes a highly lethal blood cancer or a chronic debilitating disease of the spinal cord. Treatments are unsatisfactory, and vaccines are not available. Disease progression is associated with robust expression of HTLV-1 genes. Suppressing HTLV-1 gene expression might have preventive and therapeutic benefits. It is therefore critical that host factors controlling HTLV-1 gene expression be identified and characterized. This work reveals a new host factor that suppresses HTLV-1 gene expression and a natural compound that activates this suppression. Our findings not only provide new knowledge of the host control of HTLV-1 gene expression but also suggest a new strategy of using natural compounds for prevention and treatment of HTLV-1-associated diseases.
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47
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The CREB/CRTC2 pathway modulates autoimmune disease by promoting Th17 differentiation. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7216. [PMID: 26031354 PMCID: PMC4545657 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Following their activation in response to inflammatory signals, innate immune cells secrete T-cell-polarizing cytokines that promote the differentiation of naive CD4 T cells into T helper (Th) cell subsets. Among these, Th17 cells play a prominent role in the development of a number of autoimmune diseases. Although regarded primarily as an immunosuppressant signal, cAMP has been found to mediate pro-inflammatory effects of macrophage-derived prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) on Th17 cells. Here we show that PGE2 enhances Th17 cell differentiation via the activation of the CREB co-activator CRTC2. Following its dephosphorylation, CRTC2 stimulates the expression of the cytokines IL-17A and IL-17F by binding to CREB over both promoters. CRTC2-mutant mice have decreased Th17 cell numbers, and they are protected from experimental autoimmune encephalitis, a model for multiple sclerosis. Our results suggest that small molecule inhibitors of CRTC2 may provide therapeutic benefit to individuals with autoimmune disease.
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48
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Blanchet E, Van de Velde S, Matsumura S, Hao E, LeLay J, Kaestner K, Montminy M. Feedback inhibition of CREB signaling promotes beta cell dysfunction in insulin resistance. Cell Rep 2015; 10:1149-57. [PMID: 25704817 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Although persistent elevations in circulating glucose concentrations promote compensatory increases in pancreatic islet mass, unremitting insulin resistance causes deterioration in beta cell function that leads to the progression to diabetes. Here, we show that mice with a knockout of the CREB coactivator CRTC2 in beta cells have impaired oral glucose tolerance due to decreases in circulating insulin concentrations. CRTC2 was found to promote beta cell function in part by stimulating the expression of the transcription factor MafA. Chronic hyperglycemia disrupted cAMP signaling in pancreatic islets by activating the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF1)-dependent induction of the protein kinase A inhibitor beta (PKIB), a potent inhibitor of PKA catalytic activity. Indeed, disruption of the PKIB gene improved islet function in the setting of obesity. These results demonstrate how crosstalk between nutrient and hormonal pathways contributes to loss of pancreatic islet function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Blanchet
- Peptide Biology Laboratories, Salk Institute, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Sam Van de Velde
- Peptide Biology Laboratories, Salk Institute, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Shigenobu Matsumura
- Peptide Biology Laboratories, Salk Institute, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ergeng Hao
- Peptide Biology Laboratories, Salk Institute, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - John LeLay
- Peptide Biology Laboratories, Salk Institute, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Genetics, Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-5156, USA
| | - Klaus Kaestner
- Peptide Biology Laboratories, Salk Institute, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Genetics, Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-5156, USA
| | - Marc Montminy
- Peptide Biology Laboratories, Salk Institute, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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49
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Song R, Yang B, Gao X, Zhang J, Sun L, Wang P, Meng Y, Wang Q, Liu S, Cheng J. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding protein transcriptionally regulates CHCHD2 associated with the molecular pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2015; 11:4053-62. [PMID: 25625293 PMCID: PMC4394931 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The function of the novel cell migration-promoting factor, coiled-coil-helix-coiled-coil-helix domain containing 2 (CHCHD2) in liver cancer remains to be elucidated. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the role of CHCHD2 in liver carcinogenesis. Immunohistochemistry was performed on patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) was used for screening differentially expressed genes in the HepG2 cell cDNA library. Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection frequently leads to liver cancer. The HCV NS2 protein is a hydrophobic transmembrane protein that is associated with certain cellular proteins. Detailed characterization of the nonstructural protein 2 (NS2) of the HCV was performed with respect to its role in transregulatory activity in the HepG2 cell lines. A gel electrophoresis mobility shift assay and a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay were used to confirm the presence of cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding protein (CREB), a transcriptional factor, which specifically interacts with the CHCHD2 promoter. CHCHD2 was highly expressed in the HCC specimens and was consistent with tumor markers of HCC. CHCHD2 was identified by SSH in the HepG2 cells. NS2 upregulated the expression of CHCHD2 by monitoring its promoter activities. The promoter of CHCHD2 contained 350 bp between nucleotides −257 and +93 and was positively regulated by CREB. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicated that CHCHD2 may be a novel biomarker for HCC and that CREB is important in the transcriptional activation of CHCHD2 by HCV NS2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Song
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, P.R. China
| | - Biao Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, P.R. China
| | - Xuesong Gao
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, P.R. China
| | - Jinqian Zhang
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, P.R. China
| | - Lei Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, P.R. China
| | - Peng Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, P.R. China
| | - Yixing Meng
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, P.R. China
| | - Qi Wang
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, P.R. China
| | - Shunai Liu
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, P.R. China
| | - Jun Cheng
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, P.R. China
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50
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Bon H, Wadhwa K, Schreiner A, Osborne M, Carroll T, Ramos-Montoya A, Ross-Adams H, Visser M, Hoffmann R, Ahmed AA, Neal DE, Mills IG. Salt-inducible kinase 2 regulates mitotic progression and transcription in prostate cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2014; 13:620-635. [PMID: 25548099 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-13-0182-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Salt-inducible kinase 2 (SIK2) is a multifunctional kinase of the AMPK family that plays a role in CREB1-mediated gene transcription and was recently reported to have therapeutic potential in ovarian cancer. The expression of this kinase was investigated in prostate cancer clinical specimens. Interestingly, auto-antibodies against SIK2 were increased in the plasma of patients with aggressive disease. Examination of SIK2 in prostate cancer cells found that it functions both as a positive regulator of cell-cycle progression and a negative regulator of CREB1 activity. Knockdown of SIK2 inhibited cell growth, delayed cell-cycle progression, induced cell death, and enhanced CREB1 activity. Expression of a kinase-dead mutant of SIK2 also inhibited cell growth, induced cell death, and enhanced CREB1 activity. Treatment with a small-molecule SIK2 inhibitor (ARN-3236), currently in preclinical development, also led to enhanced CREB1 activity in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Because CREB1 is a transcription factor and proto-oncogene, it was posited that the effects of SIK2 on cell proliferation and viability might be mediated by changes in gene expression. To test this, gene expression array profiling was performed and while SIK2 knockdown or overexpression of the kinase-dead mutant affected established CREB1 target genes; the overlap with transcripts regulated by forskolin (FSK), the adenylate cyclase/CREB1 pathway activator, was incomplete. IMPLICATIONS This study demonstrates that targeting SIK2 genetically or therapeutically will have pleiotropic effects on cell-cycle progression and transcription factor activation, which should be accounted for when characterizing SIK2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Bon
- Uro-oncology Research Group, Cambridge Research Institute, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Karan Wadhwa
- Uro-oncology Research Group, Cambridge Research Institute, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Alexander Schreiner
- Microscopy and Imaging Core, Cambridge Research Institute, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Michelle Osborne
- Genomics Core, Cambridge Research Institute, Cambridge, CB2 ORE, UK
| | - Thomas Carroll
- Bioinformatics Core, Cambridge Research Institute, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | | | - Helen Ross-Adams
- Uro-oncology Research Group, Cambridge Research Institute, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Matthieu Visser
- Health Care Innovation, Philips Research, Eidhoven, Netherlands
| | - Ralf Hoffmann
- Molecular Diagnostics, Philips Research, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Ahmed Ashour Ahmed
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS and Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - David E Neal
- Uro-oncology Research Group, Cambridge Research Institute, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK.,Department of Urology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK.,Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK
| | - Ian G Mills
- Uro-oncology Research Group, Cambridge Research Institute, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK.,Department of Urology, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway.,Department of Cancer Prevention, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway.,Prostate Cancer Research Group, Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, N-0349, Oslo, Norway
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