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Dugan C, Zikopoulos B, Yazdanbakhsh A. A neural modeling approach to study mechanisms underlying the heterogeneity of visual spatial frequency sensitivity in schizophrenia. SCHIZOPHRENIA (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 10:63. [PMID: 39013944 PMCID: PMC11252134 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-024-00480-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Patients with schizophrenia exhibit abnormalities in spatial frequency sensitivity, and it is believed that these abnormalities indicate more widespread dysfunction and dysregulation of bottom-up processing. The early visual system, including the first-order Lateral Geniculate Nucleus of the thalamus (LGN) and the primary visual cortex (V1), are key contributors to spatial frequency sensitivity. Medicated and unmedicated patients with schizophrenia exhibit contrasting changes in spatial frequency sensitivity, thus making it a useful probe for examining potential effects of the disorder and antipsychotic medications in neural processing. We constructed a parameterized, rate-based neural model of on-center/off-surround neurons in the early visual system to investigate the impacts of changes to the excitatory and inhibitory receptive field subfields. By incorporating changes in both the excitatory and inhibitory subfields that are associated with pathophysiological findings in schizophrenia, the model successfully replicated perceptual data from behavioral/functional studies involving medicated and unmedicated patients. Among several plausible mechanisms, our results highlight the dampening of excitation and/or increase in the spread and strength of the inhibitory subfield in medicated patients and the contrasting decreased spread and strength of inhibition in unmedicated patients. Given that the model was successful at replicating results from perceptual data under a variety of conditions, these elements of the receptive field may be useful markers for the imbalances seen in patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Dugan
- Program in Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Basilis Zikopoulos
- Human Systems Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
- Graduate Program for Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Arash Yazdanbakhsh
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
- Graduate Program for Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
- Computational Neuroscience and Vision Laboratory, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
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Giron NC, Oh H, Rehmet E, Shireman TI. Descriptive Trends in Medicaid Antipsychotic Prescription Claims and Expenditures, 2016 - 2021. J Behav Health Serv Res 2024:10.1007/s11414-024-09889-0. [PMID: 38987413 DOI: 10.1007/s11414-024-09889-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole C Giron
- Department of Health Services, Policy & Practice, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA.
| | - Hyesung Oh
- Department of Health Services, Policy & Practice, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | - Theresa I Shireman
- Department of Health Services, Policy & Practice, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
- Center for Gerontology and Healthcare Research, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
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3
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Li N, Li Y, Yu T, Gou M, Chen W, Wang X, Tong J, Chen S, Tan S, Wang Z, Tian B, Li CSR, Tan Y. Immunosenescence-related T cell phenotypes and white matter in schizophrenia patients with tardive dyskinesia. Schizophr Res 2024; 269:36-47. [PMID: 38723519 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/17/2024]
Abstract
Schizophrenia patients with tardive dyskinesia (TD) are associated with accelerated biological aging, immunological dysfunction, and premature morbidity and mortality. Older individuals are particularly vulnerable to TD development. As a characteristic of immunosenescence, alterations in the relative proportions of naïve or memory T cell subpopulations may be negatively or positively associated with brain structure abnormalities; however, whether these changes are correlated with TD remains unclear. In this study, we investigated correlations between distributions of T cell phenotypes and brain structure abnormalities (especially white matter) in schizophrenia patients with (TD) and without (NTD) TD (n = 50 and 58, respectively) relative to healthy controls (HC, n = 41). Immune markers, including naïve (CD45RA+), memory (CD45RO+), and apoptotic (CD95+) CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, were examined by flow cytometry, as were the intracellular levels of cytokines (interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α) in CD8 + CD45RA + CD95+ and CD8 + CD45RO + CD95+ T cells. MRI was employed to evaluate the fractional anisotropy (FA) of white matter tracts and subcortical volumes, following published routines. The percentage of CD8 + CD45RO + CD95+ T cells was higher in TD compared with NTD and HC groups and correlated with the choroid plexus volume in TD group. The intracellular level of IFN-γ in CD8 + CD45RO + CD95+ T cells, the FA of the fornix/stria terminalis, and the pallidum volume were correlated with orofacial TD, whereas the FAs of the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, cingulum, and superior longitudinal fasciculus were correlated with limb-truncal TD. These findings provide preliminary evidence that the association between immunosenescence-related T cell subpopulations and brain structure may underline the pathological process of TD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yanli Li
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Ting Yu
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Mengzhuang Gou
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Wenjin Chen
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jinghui Tong
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Song Chen
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Shuping Tan
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zhiren Wang
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Baopeng Tian
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Chiang-Shan R Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yunlong Tan
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, PR China.
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4
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Mehta DD, Siddiqui S, Ward HB, Steele VR, Pearlson GD, George TP. Functional and structural effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for the treatment of auditory verbal hallucinations in schizophrenia: A systematic review. Schizophr Res 2024; 267:86-98. [PMID: 38531161 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) are a disabling symptom for people with schizophrenia (SCZ), and do not always respond to antipsychotics. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has shown efficacy for medication-refractory AVH, though the underlying neural mechanisms by which rTMS produces these effects remain unclear. This systematic review evaluated the structural and functional impact of rTMS for AVH in SCZ, and its association with clinical outcomes. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in Medline, PsychINFO, and PubMed using terms for four key concepts: AVH, SCZ, rTMS, neuroimaging. Using PRISMA guidelines, 18 studies were identified that collected neuroimaging data of an rTMS intervention for AVH in SCZ. Risk of bias assessments was conducted. RESULTS Low frequency (<5 Hz) rTMS targeting left hemispheric language processing regions may normalize brain abnormalities in AVH patients at structural, functional, electrophysiological, and topological levels, with concurrent symptom improvement. Amelioration of aberrant neural activity in frontotemporal networks associated with speech and auditory processing was commonly observed, as well as in cerebellar and emotion regulation regions. Neuroimaging analyses identified neural substrates with direct correlations to post-rTMS AVH severity, propounding their use as therapeutic targets. DISCUSSION Combined rTMS-neuroimaging highlights the multidimensional alterations of rTMS on brain activity and structure in treatment-resistant AVH, which may be used to develop more efficacious therapies. Larger randomized, sham-controlled studies are needed. Future studies should explore alternate stimulation targets, investigate the neural effects of high-frequency rTMS and evaluate long-term neuroimaging outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhvani D Mehta
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Hartford Hospital and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada; Addictions Division and Institute for Mental Health Policy and Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Salsabil Siddiqui
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Hartford Hospital and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada; Addictions Division and Institute for Mental Health Policy and Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Heather B Ward
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Hartford Hospital and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada; Addictions Division and Institute for Mental Health Policy and Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Vaughn R Steele
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Hartford Hospital and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada; Addictions Division and Institute for Mental Health Policy and Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Godfrey D Pearlson
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Hartford Hospital and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada; Addictions Division and Institute for Mental Health Policy and Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tony P George
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Hartford Hospital and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada; Addictions Division and Institute for Mental Health Policy and Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada.
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5
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Si S, Bi A, Yu Z, See C, Kelly S, Ambrogi S, Arango C, Baeza I, Banaj N, Berk M, Castro-Fornieles J, Crespo-Facorro B, Crouse JJ, Díaz-Caneja CM, Fett AK, Fortea A, Frangou S, Goldstein BI, Hickie IB, Janssen J, Kennedy KG, Krabbendam L, Kyriakopoulos M, MacIntosh BJ, Morgado P, Nerland S, Pascual-Diaz S, Picó-Pérez M, Piras F, Rund BR, de la Serna E, Spalletta G, Sugranyes G, Suo C, Tordesillas-Gutiérrez D, Vecchio D, Radua J, McGuire P, Thomopoulos SI, Jahanshad N, Thompson PM, Barth C, Agartz I, James A, Kempton MJ. Mapping gray and white matter volume abnormalities in early-onset psychosis: an ENIGMA multicenter voxel-based morphometry study. Mol Psychiatry 2024; 29:496-504. [PMID: 38195979 PMCID: PMC11116097 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02343-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Regional gray matter (GM) alterations have been reported in early-onset psychosis (EOP, onset before age 18), but previous studies have yielded conflicting results, likely due to small sample sizes and the different brain regions examined. In this study, we conducted a whole brain voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis in a large sample of individuals with EOP, using the newly developed ENIGMA-VBM tool. METHODS 15 independent cohorts from the ENIGMA-EOP working group participated in the study. The overall sample comprised T1-weighted MRI data from 482 individuals with EOP and 469 healthy controls. Each site performed the VBM analysis locally using the standardized ENIGMA-VBM tool. Statistical parametric T-maps were generated from each cohort and meta-analyzed to reveal voxel-wise differences between EOP and healthy controls as well as the individual-based association between GM volume and age of onset, chlorpromazine (CPZ) equivalent dose, and other clinical variables. RESULTS Compared with healthy controls, individuals with EOP showed widespread lower GM volume encompassing most of the cortex, with the most marked effect in the left median cingulate (Hedges' g = 0.55, p = 0.001 corrected), as well as small clusters of lower white matter (WM), whereas no regional GM or WM volumes were higher in EOP. Lower GM volume in the cerebellum, thalamus and left inferior parietal gyrus was associated with older age of onset. Deficits in GM in the left inferior frontal gyrus, right insula, right precentral gyrus and right superior frontal gyrus were also associated with higher CPZ equivalent doses. CONCLUSION EOP is associated with widespread reductions in cortical GM volume, while WM is affected to a smaller extent. GM volume alterations are associated with age of onset and CPZ equivalent dose but these effects are small compared to case-control differences. Mapping anatomical abnormalities in EOP may lead to a better understanding of the role of psychosis in brain development during childhood and adolescence.
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Grants
- P41 EB015922 NIBIB NIH HHS
- R01 MH116147 NIMH NIH HHS
- R01 MH121246 NIMH NIH HHS
- R01 MH134004 NIMH NIH HHS
- P50 MH115846 NIMH NIH HHS
- U01 MH124639 NIMH NIH HHS
- R01 AG059874 NIA NIH HHS
- Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), co-financed by the European Union, ERDF Funds from the European Commission, “A way of making Europe”, financed by the European Union - NextGenerationEU (PMP21/00051), PI19/01024, PI20/00721, JR19/00024. CIBERSAM, Madrid Regional Government (S2022/BMD-7216 (AGES 3-CM)), European Union Structural Funds, European Union Seventh Framework Program, European Union H2020 Program under the Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking: Project PRISM-2 (Grant agreement No.101034377), Project AIMS-2-TRIALS (Grant agreement No 777394), Horizon Europe, the National Institute of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number 1U01MH124639-01 (Project ProNET) and Award Number 5P50MH115846-03 (project FEP-CAUSAL), Fundación Familia Alonso, and Fundación Alicia Koplowitz. YTOP cohort is suppoprted by The Research Council of Norway (223273, 213700, 250358, 288083); South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority (2017112); KG Jebsen Stiftelsen (SKGJ-MED-008).
- the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), co-financed by the European Union, (PI18/00976, PI20/00654, PI02100330), Ajut a la Recerca Pons Bartran, the Alicia Koplowitz Foundation, Brain and Behaviour Research Foundation (NARSAD Young Investigator Award 2017) and Strategic Research and Innovation Plan in Health (PERIS), Department of Health, Government of Catalonia.
- NHMRC Senior Principal Research Fellowship and Leadership 3 Investigator grant (1156072 and 2017131)
- Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), co-financed by the European Union, ERDF Funds from the European Commission, “A way of making Europe”, financed by the European Union - NextGenerationEU (PMP21/00051), PI19/01024, PI20/00721, JR19/00024,. CIBERSAM, Madrid Regional Government (S2022/BMD-7216 (AGES 3-CM)), European Union Structural Funds, European Union Seventh Framework Program, European Union H2020 Program under the Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking: Project PRISM-2 (Grant agreement No.101034377), Project AIMS-2-TRIALS (Grant agreement No 777394), Horizon Europe, the National Institute of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number 1U01MH124639-01 (Project ProNET) and Award Number 5P50MH115846-03 (project FEP-CAUSAL), Fundación Familia Alonso, and Fundación Alicia Koplowitz.
- the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), co-financed by the European Union, ERDF Funds from the European Commission, “A way of making Europe”, financed by the European Union - NextGenerationEU (PMP21/00051), PI19/01024, PI20/00721, JR19/00024,. CIBERSAM, Madrid Regional Government (S2022/BMD-7216 (AGES 3-CM)), European Union Structural Funds, European Union Seventh Framework Program, European Union H2020 Program under the Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking: Project PRISM-2 (Grant agreement No.101034377), Project AIMS-2-TRIALS (Grant agreement No 777394), Horizon Europe, the National Institute of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number 1U01MH124639-01 (Project ProNET) and Award Number 5P50MH115846-03 (project FEP-CAUSAL), Fundación Familia Alonso, and Fundación Alicia Koplowitz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqing Si
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Anbreen Bi
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zhaoying Yu
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cheryl See
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sinead Kelly
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sonia Ambrogi
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Celso Arango
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
- School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Baeza
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, 2021SGR01319, Hospital Clinic Barcelona. CIBERSAM-ISCIII. Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona - August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (FCRB-IDIBAPS). Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nerisa Banaj
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Michael Berk
- Deakin University, Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Josefina Castro-Fornieles
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, 2021SGR01319, Hospital Clinic Barcelona. CIBERSAM-ISCIII. Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona - August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (FCRB-IDIBAPS). Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Benedicto Crespo-Facorro
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Department of Psychiatry, CIBERSAM, IBiS-CSIC, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jacob J Crouse
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Covadonga M Díaz-Caneja
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
- School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anne-Kathrin Fett
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychology, City, University of London, London, UK
| | - Adriana Fortea
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, 2021SGR01319, Hospital Clinic Barcelona. CIBERSAM-ISCIII. Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona - August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (FCRB-IDIBAPS). Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sophia Frangou
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin I Goldstein
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ian B Hickie
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Joost Janssen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kody G Kennedy
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lydia Krabbendam
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Institute for Brain and Behaviour (IBBA) Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marinos Kyriakopoulos
- 1st Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bradley J MacIntosh
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Pedro Morgado
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- 2CA-Braga Cinical Academic Center, Hospital de Braga, 4710-243, Braga, Portugal
| | - Stener Nerland
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Saül Pascual-Diaz
- Laboratory of Surgical Neuroanatomy, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Picó-Pérez
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- Departamento de Psicología Básica, Clínica y Psicobiología, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - Fabrizio Piras
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Bjørn Rishovd Rund
- Research Department, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, 3004, Drammen, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, P. O. box 1094, Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elena de la Serna
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, 2021SGR01319, Hospital Clinic Barcelona. CIBERSAM-ISCIII. Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona - August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (FCRB-IDIBAPS). Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gianfranco Spalletta
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gisela Sugranyes
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, 2021SGR01319, Hospital Clinic Barcelona. CIBERSAM-ISCIII. Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona - August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (FCRB-IDIBAPS). Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Chao Suo
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Diana Tordesillas-Gutiérrez
- Department of Radiology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute IDIVAL, Santander (Cantabria), Spain
- Advanced Computing and e-Science, Instituto de Física de Cantabria (UC-CSIC), Santander (Cantabria), Spain
| | - Daniela Vecchio
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Joaquim Radua
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CIBERSAM, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Philip McGuire
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sophia I Thomopoulos
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Paul M Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Claudia Barth
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm Region, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anthony James
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Highfield Unit, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Matthew J Kempton
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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6
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Cadenhead KS, Mirzakhanian H, Achim C, Reyes-Madrigal F, de la Fuente-Sandoval C. Peripheral and central biomarkers associated with inflammation in antipsychotic naïve first episode psychosis: Pilot studies. Schizophr Res 2024; 264:39-48. [PMID: 38091871 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2023.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated serum pro-inflammatory molecules have been reported in early psychosis. What is not known is whether peripheral inflammatory biomarkers are associated with CNS biomarkers. In the brain, release of pro-inflammatory molecules by microglial hyperactivity may lead to neuronal apoptosis seen in neurodegenerative disorders and account for loss of brain tissue observed in psychotic disorders. Neurochemical changes, including elevated glutamate levels, are also associated with neuroinflammation, present in early psychosis and change with antipsychotic treatment. METHODS Antipsychotic naïve patients with first episode psychosis (FEP) were studied as part of a collaborative project of neuroinflammation. In Study 1 we explored associations between plasma inflammatory molecules and neurometabolites in the dorsal caudate using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) in N = 13 FEP participants. Study 2 examined the relationship between inflammatory molecules in the Plasma and CSF in N = 20 FEP participants. RESULTS In Study 1, the proinflammatory chemokine MDC/CCL22 and IL10 were significantly positively correlated with Glutamate and Glx (glutamate + glutamine) levels in the dorsal caudate. In Study 2, plasma inflammatory molecules (MIP1β/CCL4, MCP1/CCL2, Eotaxin-1/CCL11 and TNFα) were significantly correlated with CSF MIP1β/CCL4, IL10, MCP1/CCL2 and Fractalkine/CX3CL1 and symptoms ratings. DISCUSSION Plasma inflammatory biomarkers are elevated in early psychosis, associated with neurochemical markers as well as CSF inflammatory molecules found in neurodegenerative disorders. Future studies are needed that combine both peripheral and central biomarkers in both FEP and HC to better understand a potential neuroinflammatory subtype of psychosis likely to respond to targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin S Cadenhead
- University of California San Diego (UCSD), 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093-0810, United States of America.
| | - Heline Mirzakhanian
- University of California San Diego (UCSD), 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093-0810, United States of America.
| | - Cristian Achim
- University of California San Diego (UCSD), 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093-0810, United States of America.
| | - Francisco Reyes-Madrigal
- Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (INNN), Insurgentes Sur 3877, Tlalpan, 14269 Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Camilo de la Fuente-Sandoval
- Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (INNN), Insurgentes Sur 3877, Tlalpan, 14269 Mexico City, Mexico.
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7
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Dugan C, Zikopoulos B, Yazdanbakhsh A. A neural modeling approach to study mechanisms underlying the heterogeneity of visual spatial frequency sensitivity in schizophrenia. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.18.563001. [PMID: 37904992 PMCID: PMC10614973 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.18.563001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Patients with schizophrenia exhibit abnormalities in spatial frequency sensitivity, and it is believed that these abnormalities indicate more widespread dysfunction and dysregulation of bottom-up processing. The early visual system, including the first-order Lateral Geniculate Nucleus of the thalamus (LGN) and the primary visual cortex (V1), are key contributors to spatial frequency sensitivity. Medicated and unmedicated patients with schizophrenia exhibit contrasting changes in spatial frequency sensitivity, thus making it a useful probe for examining potential effects of the disorder and antipsychotic medications in neural processing. We constructed a parameterized, rate-based neural model of on-center/off-surround neurons in the early visual system to investigate the impacts of changes to the excitatory and inhibitory receptive field subfields. By incorporating changes in both the excitatory and inhibitory subfields that are associated with pathophysiological findings in schizophrenia, the model successfully replicated perceptual data from behavioral/functional studies involving medicated and unmedicated patients. Among several plausible mechanisms, our results highlight the dampening of excitation and/or increase in the spread and strength of the inhibitory subfield in medicated patients and the contrasting decreased spread and strength of inhibition in unmedicated patients. Given that the model was successful at replicating results from perceptual data under a variety of conditions, these elements of the receptive field may be useful markers for the imbalances seen in patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Dugan
- Program in Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Basilis Zikopoulos
- Human Systems Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
- Graduate Program for Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Arash Yazdanbakhsh
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
- Graduate Program for Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
- Computational Neuroscience and Vision Laboratory, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
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8
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Kransdorf LN, Files JA. Women's Mental Health in Pregnancy and Menopause. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2023; 32:1027-1030. [PMID: 37459168 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2023.0346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa N Kransdorf
- Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Julia A Files
- Division of Women's Health Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
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9
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Kocakaya H, Bayar Muluk N, Bekin Sarikaya PZ. Peripheric and central olfactory measurements in patients with bipolar disorder. Acta Radiol 2023; 64:2594-2602. [PMID: 37312533 DOI: 10.1177/02841851231179174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder (BD) is a mental health disorder. PURPOSE To investigate the peripheric and central olfactory measurements in patients with BD using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MATERIAL AND METHODS This study was conducted retrospectively. Group 1 consisted of 27 euthymic patients with BD (14 men, 13 women) and Group 2 consisted of 27 healthy controls (14 men, 13 women). Olfactory bulb (OB) volume and olfactory sulcus (OS) depth (peripheric), and corpus amygdala and insular gyrus area (central) measurements were performed using cranial MRI. RESULTS OB volume and OS depth value of the bipolar group were lower than the control group, but there were no significant differences between the groups (P > 0.05). The corpus amygdala and left insular gyrus area of the bipolar group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). There were positive correlations between OB volumes and OS depths, the insular gyrus areas, and the corpus amygdala areas (P < 0.05). As the number of depressive episodes and duration of illness increased in bipolar patients, the depth of the sulcus decreased (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION In the present study a correlation was detected between OB volumes and the structures, known as emotional processing (e.g. insular gyrus area, corpus amygdala), and clinical features. Accordingly, new treatment techniques, such as olfactory training, may be considered an option in the treatment of such patients with BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanife Kocakaya
- Psychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Doctor Faculty Member in Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Nuray Bayar Muluk
- ENT Department, Faculty of Medicine, Professor in Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
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10
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Habiba U, Malik A, Raja GK, Memon MR, Nizami ATD, Ishaq R, Ilyas M, Valadi H, Nawaz M, Shaiq PA. Differential Treatment Responses in Pakistani Schizophrenia Samples: Correlation with Sociodemographic Parameters, Drug Addiction, Attitude to the Treatment and Antipsychotic Agents. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13030407. [PMID: 36979217 PMCID: PMC10046393 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13030407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia patients demonstrate variations in response to different therapies that are currently being used for the treatment of disorders, such as augmentation therapy (ECT or mood stabilizer) and combination therapy (with antipsychotics). These therapies are also used to treat schizophrenia patients in Pakistan; however, patients show poor overall response. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the association between the patients’ response to treatment and the use of antipsychotic agents, with variability in overall response, within different groups of patients. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study that included schizophrenia subjects (N = 200) belonging to different age groups, ethnicities, and regions from different outpatient and inpatient departments in psychiatric institutes located in different cities of Pakistan. These patients were assessed for their response to treatment therapies and categorized into four groups (non-responders (N-R), slow response (S-R), patients with relapse, and completely recovered patients (C-R)) according to their responses. Results: The final analysis included 200 subjects, of which 73.5% were males. Mean age was 34 ± 10 years. Percentage of N-R was 5%, S-R was 42%, patients with relapse were 24%, and C-R was 1.5%. The generalized linear regression model shows a significant association between medication response and age (p = 0.0231), age of onset (p = 0.0086), gender (p = 0.005), and marital status (p = 0.00169). Variability within the medication responses was a result of the treatment regime followed. Antipsychotic agents were significantly associated with the treatment response (p = 0.00258, F = 4.981) of the patients. Significant variation was also observed in the treatment response (p = 0.00128) of the patients that were given augmentation therapy as well as combination therapy. Conclusion: The data suggests proper monitoring of patients’ behavior in response to treatment therapies to implement tailored interventions. Despite several genetic studies supporting the heritability of schizophrenia, an insignificant association between characteristic features and family history might have been due to the limited sample size, suggesting collaborative work with massive sample sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umme Habiba
- University Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah, Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Shamsabad, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan
| | - Aafia Malik
- Department of Psychiatry, Jinnah Hospital Usmani Road, Quaid-i-Azam Campus, Lahore 54550, Pakistan
| | - Ghazala Kaukab Raja
- University Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah, Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Shamsabad, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Raza Memon
- Department of Psychiatry, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro 76090, Pakistan
| | - Asad Tameezud din Nizami
- Institute of Psychiatry, WHO Collaborating Center for Mental Health, Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Murree Road, Rawalpindi 23000, Pakistan
| | - Rafaqat Ishaq
- University Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah, Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Shamsabad, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ilyas
- University Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah, Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Shamsabad, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan
| | - Hadi Valadi
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 41346 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Muhammad Nawaz
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 41346 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Correspondence: (M.N.); (P.A.S.)
| | - Pakeeza Arzoo Shaiq
- University Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah, Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Shamsabad, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (M.N.); (P.A.S.)
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11
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Yang M, Wang C, Zhao G, Kong D, Liu L, Yuan S, Chen W, Feng C, Li Z. Comparative Analysis of the Pre- and Post-Medication Effects of Antipsychotic Agents on the Blood-Based Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Patients with Schizophrenia: A Meta-Analysis. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:340-352. [PMID: 35794775 PMCID: PMC10190148 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x20666220706101021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Studies have shown that oxidative stress (OS) is related to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia (SCZ), but whether antipsychotics can induce OS has not been investigated well. Moreover, antipsychotics have differential effects on the OS level modulation, i.e., different types of antipsychotics have different effects on the cellular antioxidants or pro-oxidants. METHODS We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines and investigated the OS indicators including both enzymatic and nonenzymatic markers, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), vitamin C, etc., of SCZ patients at baseline and follow-up of mono-medication. RESULTS Twenty studies met the inclusion criteria, with a total of 1162 patients enrolled at baseline, and 1105 patients completed the follow-up. OS markers were changed after a period of antipsychotic treatment in SCZ patients. The GPx activity and MDA level decreased in the whole blood (P<0.05), also the serum MDA level decreased (P<0.05). For the first-episode SCZ patients, the activity of GPx and the level of MDA decreased, while the level of vitamin C increased (all P<0.05). The levels of MDA in patients receiving atypical antipsychotics decreased (P<0.05), while the level of GSH in patients with typical antipsychotics decreased (P=0.05). CONCLUSION Antipsychotic medication may cause changes in the levels of OS markers in different blood samples of SCZ patients. However, the available studies might not be sufficient to reveal the underlying facts accurately due to the poor quality of experimental designs in the published literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunzhi Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Qingdao Mental Health Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Guocheng Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Di Kong
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Liju Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuai Yuan
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Can Feng
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Zezhi Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China
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12
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Brown AA, Clocksin HE, Abbene EE, Ursery M, Christ SE. The relationship between metabolic control and basal ganglia morphometry and function in individuals with early-treated phenylketonuria. Mol Genet Metab 2022; 137:249-256. [PMID: 36209659 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Abnormalities of the cortical white matter are the most prominent and widely-reported neurological findings in individuals with early-treated phenylketonuria (ETPKU). Much less is known regarding the effects of ETPKU on gray matter structures in the brain such as the basal ganglia. Previous findings on basal ganglia in ETPKU have been mixed. The current study was designed to further elucidate the effects of ETPKU and elevated phe levels on the morphometry of basal ganglia structures (i.e., putamen, caudate nucleus, nucleus accumbens, and globus pallidus). High resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data was collected from a sample of 37 adults with ETPKU and a demographically-matched comparison group of 33 individuals without PKU. No overall group differences (ETPKU vs. non-PKU) in basal ganglia volumes were observed. However, within the ETPKU group, poorer metabolic control (as reflected by higher blood phenylalanine levels) was associated with larger putamen volume. Vertex-wise shape analysis revealed that the volume increase was accompanied by shape changes in the middle left putamen. Consistent with this area's role in motor control, a significant correlation between left putamen volume and motor performance was also observed. Additional research is needed to fully understand the cellular level processes underlying this effect as well as to better understand the clinical impact of these morphometric changes and their potential relation to treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A Brown
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Hayley E Clocksin
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Emily E Abbene
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Mikayla Ursery
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Shawn E Christ
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
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13
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Allebone J, Wilson SJ, Bradlow RCJ, Maller J, O'Brien T, Mullen SA, Cook M, Adams SJ, Vogrin S, Vaughan DN, Connelly A, Kwan P, Berkovic SF, D'Souza WJ, Jackson G, Velakoulis D, Kanaan RA. Increased cortical thickness in nodes of the cognitive control and default mode networks in psychosis of epilepsy. Seizure 2022; 101:244-252. [PMID: 36116283 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the cortical morphological associations of the psychoses of epilepsy. METHODS Psychosis of epilepsy (POE) has two main subtypes - postictal psychosis and interictal psychosis. We used automated surface-based analysis of magnetic resonance images to compare cortical thickness, area, and volume across the whole brain between: (i) all patients with POE (n = 23) relative to epilepsy-without psychosis controls (EC; n = 23), (ii) patients with interictal psychosis (n = 10) or postictal psychosis (n = 13) relative to EC, and (iii) patients with postictal psychosis (n = 13) relative to patients with interictal psychosis (n = 10). RESULTS POE is characterised by cortical thickening relative to EC, occurring primarily in nodes of the cognitive control network; (rostral anterior cingulate, caudal anterior cingulate, middle frontal gyrus), and the default mode network (posterior cingulate, medial paracentral gyrus, and precuneus). Patients with interictal psychosis displayed cortical thickening in the left hemisphere in occipital and temporal regions relative to EC (lateral occipital cortex, lingual, fusiform, and inferior temporal gyri), which was evident to a lesser extent in postictal psychosis patients. There were no significant differences in cortical thickness, area, or volume between the postictal psychosis and EC groups, or between the postictal psychosis and interictal psychosis groups. However, prior to correction for multiple comparisons, both the interictal psychosis and postictal psychosis groups displayed cortical thickening relative to EC in highly similar regions to those identified in the POE group overall. SIGNIFICANCE The results show cortical thickening in POE overall, primarily in nodes of the cognitive control and default mode networks, compared to patients with epilepsy without psychosis. Additional thickening in temporal and occipital neocortex implicated in the dorsal and ventral visual pathways may differentiate interictal psychosis from postictal psychosis. A novel mechanism for cortical thickening in POE is proposed whereby normal synaptic pruning processes are interrupted by seizure onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Allebone
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sarah J Wilson
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Comprehensive Epilepsy Program, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Jerome Maller
- ANU College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, Victoria, Australia; Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, The Alfred and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Terry O'Brien
- Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Neuroscience, Alfred Hospital, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Saul A Mullen
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark Cook
- Graeme Clark Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sophia J Adams
- Department of Psychiatry, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Simon Vogrin
- St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David N Vaughan
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Comprehensive Epilepsy Program, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alan Connelly
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Comprehensive Epilepsy Program, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Patrick Kwan
- Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Neuroscience, Alfred Hospital, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Samuel F Berkovic
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Program, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Wendyl J D'Souza
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Graeme Jackson
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Comprehensive Epilepsy Program, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dennis Velakoulis
- Neuropsychiatry Unit, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Richard A Kanaan
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
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14
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Zahid U, McCutcheon RA, Borgan F, Jauhar S, Pepper F, Nour MM, Rogdaki M, Osugo M, Murray GK, Hathway P, Murray RM, Egerton A, Howes OD. The effect of antipsychotics on glutamate levels in the anterior cingulate cortex and clinical response: A 1H-MRS study in first-episode psychosis patients. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:967941. [PMID: 36032237 PMCID: PMC9403834 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.967941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Glutamatergic dysfunction is implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. It is unclear whether glutamatergic dysfunction predicts response to treatment or if antipsychotic treatment influences glutamate levels. We investigated the effect of antipsychotic treatment on glutamatergic levels in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and whether there is a relationship between baseline glutamatergic levels and clinical response after antipsychotic treatment in people with first episode psychosis (FEP). Materials and methods The sample comprised 25 FEP patients; 22 completed magnetic resonance spectroscopy scans at both timepoints. Symptoms were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Results There was no significant change in glutamate [baseline 13.23 ± 2.33; follow-up 13.89 ± 1.74; t(21) = -1.158, p = 0.260], or Glx levels [baseline 19.64 ± 3.26; follow-up 19.66 ± 2.65; t(21) = -0.034, p = 0.973]. There was no significant association between glutamate or Glx levels at baseline and the change in PANSS positive (Glu r = 0.061, p = 0.777, Glx r = -0.152, p = 0.477), negative (Glu r = 0.144, p = 0.502, Glx r = 0.052, p = 0.811), general (Glu r = 0.110, p = 0.607, Glx r = -0.212, p = 0.320), or total scores (Glu r = 0.078, p = 0.719 Glx r = -0.155, p = 0.470). Conclusion These findings indicate that treatment response is unlikely to be associated with baseline glutamatergic metabolites prior to antipsychotic treatment, and there is no major effect of antipsychotic treatment on glutamatergic metabolites in the ACC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzma Zahid
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert A. McCutcheon
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Faith Borgan
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sameer Jauhar
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Pepper
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew M. Nour
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Max Planck University College London Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, London, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Rogdaki
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Osugo
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Graham K. Murray
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Pamela Hathway
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robin M. Murray
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alice Egerton
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Oliver D. Howes
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- H. Lundbeck UK, Valby, Denmark
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15
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Ferguson MW, Kennedy CJ, Palpagama TH, Waldvogel HJ, Faull RLM, Kwakowsky A. Current and Possible Future Therapeutic Options for Huntington’s Disease. J Cent Nerv Syst Dis 2022; 14:11795735221092517. [PMID: 35615642 PMCID: PMC9125092 DOI: 10.1177/11795735221092517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington’s disease (HD) is an autosomal neurodegenerative disease that is characterized by an excessive number of CAG trinucleotide repeats within the huntingtin gene ( HTT). HD patients can present with a variety of symptoms including chorea, behavioural and psychiatric abnormalities and cognitive decline. Each patient has a unique combination of symptoms, and although these can be managed using a range of medications and non-drug treatments there is currently no cure for the disease. Current therapies prescribed for HD can be categorized by the symptom they treat. These categories include chorea medication, antipsychotic medication, antidepressants, mood stabilizing medication as well as non-drug therapies. Fortunately, there are also many new HD therapeutics currently undergoing clinical trials that target the disease at its origin; lowering the levels of mutant huntingtin protein (mHTT). Currently, much attention is being directed to antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) therapies, which bind to pre-RNA or mRNA and can alter protein expression via RNA degradation, blocking translation or splice modulation. Other potential therapies in clinical development include RNA interference (RNAi) therapies, RNA targeting small molecule therapies, stem cell therapies, antibody therapies, non-RNA targeting small molecule therapies and neuroinflammation targeted therapies. Potential therapies in pre-clinical development include Zinc-Finger Protein (ZFP) therapies, transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN) therapies and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated system (Cas) therapies. This comprehensive review aims to discuss the efficacy of current HD treatments and explore the clinical trial progress of emerging potential HD therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mackenzie W. Ferguson
- Centre for Brain Research, Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Connor J. Kennedy
- Centre for Brain Research, Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Thulani H. Palpagama
- Centre for Brain Research, Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Henry J. Waldvogel
- Centre for Brain Research, Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Richard L. M. Faull
- Centre for Brain Research, Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Andrea Kwakowsky
- Centre for Brain Research, Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Galway Neuroscience Centre, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
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Adanty C, Kim J, Strauss J, Qian J, Remington G, Borlido C, Graff A, Gerretsen P, De Luca V. Epigenetics for Drug Discovery: Dissecting the Effect of High Antipsychotic Dosage and D2 Blockage on Peripheral DNA Methylation. PHARMACOPSYCHIATRY 2022; 55:211-219. [PMID: 35483870 DOI: 10.1055/a-1778-5125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The relationship between genetic polymorphisms of antipsychotic drug-metabolizing agents and drug receptors has been often investigated. DNA methylation is a form of epigenetic modification that regulates gene expression. Few studies have analyzed the relationship between genome-wide methylation patterns and antipsychotic dosage. The primary aim of this pilot study was to investigate the association between antipsychotic dosage and genome-wide DNA methylation in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ). METHODS Current dosage of antipsychotic medications was assessed in 136 patients with SCZ. Dosage was standardized using three different methods: chlorpromazine equivalent dose (CPZe), defined daily dose (DDD), and percentage of Lexicomp maximum dose (PM%). DNA methylation was measured in white blood cells. Antipsychotic dosage was the primary outcome variable in a model, including genome-wide methylation status as the main predictor. RESULTS This study did not show any association between DNA methylation and dosage variation for CPZe, PM%, and DDD. However, the probe cg271403389 was consistently associated with antipsychotic dosage across the three standardization methods. When looking at the genomic location of the most significant probes, we found that 15% were intergenic, 23% were in the distal promoter, 9% in the 3'untranslated region, 32% in the gene body, 3% in the 5' untranslated region, 15% in the proximal promoter, and 3% in the first exon. DISCUSSION This study shows the importance of investigating the relationship between DNA methylation and optimal antipsychotic dosage to personalize treatment in SCZ. Future studies require larger prescription databases to build on the results of this analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julia Kim
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - John Strauss
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Jessica Qian
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - Gary Remington
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Carol Borlido
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ariel Graff
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Philip Gerretsen
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Vincenzo De Luca
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.,St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada
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Eken A, Akaslan DS, Baskak B, Münir K. Diagnostic Classification of Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder by Using Dynamic Functional Connectivity: an fNIRS Study. J Neurosci Methods 2022; 376:109596. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2022.109596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Vasileva SS, Tucker J, Siskind D, Eyles D. Does the gut microbiome mediate antipsychotic-induced metabolic side effects in schizophrenia? Expert Opin Drug Saf 2022; 21:625-639. [PMID: 35189774 DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2022.2042251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) are the most effective treatment for people with schizophrenia. Despite their effectiveness in treating psychotic symptoms, they have been linked to metabolic, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal side-effects. The gut microbiome has been implicated in potentiating symptoms of schizophrenia, response to treatment and medication-induced side effects and thus presents a novel target mediating second-generation antipsychotic-induced side effects in patients. AREAS COVERED This narrative review presents evidence from clinical and pre-clinical studies exploring the relationship between the gut microbiome, schizophrenia, second-generation antipsychotics and antipsychotic-induced side-effects. It also covers evidence for psychobiotic treatment as a potential supplementary therapy for people with schizophrenia. EXPERT OPINION The gut microbiome has the potential to mediate antipsychotic-induced side-effects in people with schizophrenia. Microbiome-focused treatments should be considered in combination with standard therapy in order to ameliorate debilitating drug-induced side effects, increase quality of life and potentially improve psychotic symptoms. Future studies should aim to collect not only microbiome data, but also metabolomic measures, dietary information and behavioral data.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jack Tucker
- Metro South Addiction and Mental Health Service, Metro South Health, Brisbane, Australia.,University of Queensland School of Clinical Medicine, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Dan Siskind
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Metro South Addiction and Mental Health Service, Metro South Health, Brisbane, Australia.,University of Queensland School of Clinical Medicine, Brisbane, Australia.,Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Darryl Eyles
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Brisbane, Australia
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Association between age of cannabis initiation and gray matter covariance networks in recent onset psychosis. Neuropsychopharmacology 2021; 46:1484-1493. [PMID: 33658653 PMCID: PMC8209059 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-021-00977-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Cannabis use during adolescence is associated with an increased risk of developing psychosis. According to a current hypothesis, this results from detrimental effects of early cannabis use on brain maturation during this vulnerable period. However, studies investigating the interaction between early cannabis use and brain structural alterations hitherto reported inconclusive findings. We investigated effects of age of cannabis initiation on psychosis using data from the multicentric Personalized Prognostic Tools for Early Psychosis Management (PRONIA) and the Cannabis Induced Psychosis (CIP) studies, yielding a total sample of 102 clinically-relevant cannabis users with recent onset psychosis. GM covariance underlies shared maturational processes. Therefore, we performed source-based morphometry analysis with spatial constraints on structural brain networks showing significant alterations in schizophrenia in a previous multisite study, thus testing associations of these networks with the age of cannabis initiation and with confounding factors. Earlier cannabis initiation was associated with more severe positive symptoms in our cohort. Greater gray matter volume (GMV) in the previously identified cerebellar schizophrenia-related network had a significant association with early cannabis use, independent of several possibly confounding factors. Moreover, GMV in the cerebellar network was associated with lower volume in another network previously associated with schizophrenia, comprising the insula, superior temporal, and inferior frontal gyrus. These findings are in line with previous investigations in healthy cannabis users, and suggest that early initiation of cannabis perturbs the developmental trajectory of certain structural brain networks in a manner imparting risk for psychosis later in life.
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TURGUT C, YILDIZ M, GÜNDÜZ N, ANIK YA, ÖZKUL B. ŞİZOFRENİ TANILI HASTALARDA HASTALIK SÜRESİ, PSİKOTİK ATAK SAYISI, YAŞAM BOYU ANTİPSİKOTİK KULLANIMIYLA İLİŞKİLİ BÖLGESEL GRİ MADDE DEĞİŞİKLİKLERİNİN VOKSEL TABANLI MORFOMETRİK ANALİZİ. KAHRAMANMARAŞ SÜTÇÜ İMAM ÜNIVERSITESI TIP FAKÜLTESI DERGISI 2021. [DOI: 10.17517/ksutfd.878543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Amaç: Etiyolojik etmenler, klinik görünümler ve tedavi yanıtı açısından şizofreninin oldukça ayrışık bir bozukluk olduğu bilinmektedir. Yapısal görüntüleme çalışmalarında gri madde değişikliği olan alanlar, bu çeşitliliğin bir yansıması olarak görünmektedir. Hastalık süresi, antipsikotik tedavisi ve aktif psikoz dönemlerinin, beyindeki yapısal değişikliklerle ilişkisi henüz netlik kazanmamıştır. Çalışmamızın amacı hastalığın ve hastalıkla ilgili süreçlerin (hastalık süresi, ilaç kullanımı, psikotik atak sayısı) beyin yapısına etkisini araştırmaktır.
Yöntem: Çalışmamıza 33 şizofrenili hasta ve yaş, cinsiyet ve eğitim süreleri açısından eşleştirilmiş 35 sağlıklı gönüllü katıldı. Hasta ve sağlıklı kontrollere nüfus özelliklerini değerlendiren anket formu verildi. Hastalara DSM IV’e göre Yapılandırılmış Klinik Görüşme (DYKG-1) uygulandı. Hastaların yaşamboyu antipsikotik maruziyeti belirlendi ve klorpromazin eşdeğer dozları üzerinden doz-yıl birimine çevrildi. Olguların manyetik rezonans görüntüleri (MRG) 3 Tesla gücündeki cihaz ile elde edildi. Görüntüler İstatistiksel Parametrik Haritalama 8 programı kullanılarak voksel tabanlı morfometri (VTM) yöntemiyle karşılaştırıldı. İstatistiksel değerlendirmelerde veri özelliklerine göre t testi, Ki Kare testi, Mann Whitney U testi kullanıldı. İstatistiksel anlamlılık düzeyi çift yönlü p≤ 0,05 olarak kabul edildi. VTM’de genel lineer model (GLM) kullanılarak yaş, cinsiyet ve toplam beyin hacmi karıştırıcı etkenler olarak analiz matriksinde yer aldı. GLM’de iki grup karşılaştırmasında t-testi ve hastalık süreciyle ilişkili GM değişikliklerini araştırmada çoklu regresyon çözümlemesi yapıldı. VTM’de p değerinin 0,001’in altında ve küme oluşturan alanların 50 voksel üstünde olması koşulu arandı.
Bulgular: Sağlıklı kontrollerle karşılaştırıldığında hastalarda GM yoğunluğunda sağ orta temporal ve inferior temporal girus, bilateral orta frontal girus, sol singulat girus, sol presentral girus ve sol supramarginal girus’ta azalma saptandı. Kontrollerle karşılaştırıldığında hastalarda GM yoğunluğunda sağ uncus, sol kaudat ve sol posterior singulat korteks’te artış saptandı. Hasta grubunda hastalık süresiyle sol presentral girus ve sol postsentral girus GM yoğunluğu arasında negatif ilişkili bulundu. Yaşamboyu APİ kullanımıyla pozitif ve negatif ilişkili alanlar sırasıyla; sol inferior frontal girus ve sağ precuneus’tu. Psikotik atak sayısıyla sol medial frontal girus, sağ presentral girus ve sol parasentral lobül GM yoğunluğu arasında pozitif ilişki saptanırken uvula (serebellum) GM yoğunluğu arasında negatif ilişki saptandı.
Sonuç: Şizofrenili hastalarda GM eksikliğinin frontal ve temporal alanlarda ön planda olduğu söynenebilir. Ayrıca hastalık süresi, antipsikotik tedavisi, psikotik atak sayısı beyindeki GM değişiklikleriyle ilişkili görünmektedir. Limbik lobta GM yoğunluğundaki artışı açıklamak için ileri araştırmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celaleddin TURGUT
- Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Kahramanmaras
| | - Mustafa YILDIZ
- Kocaeli University, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Nermin GÜNDÜZ
- Uskudar University, NPISTANBUL Brain Hospital, Psychiatry Clinic, istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yonca Akgoz ANIK
- Kocaeli University, School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Burcu ÖZKUL
- Dokuz Eylul University
- DEÜ · Department of Psychiatric Nursing Doctor of Philosophy
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Wang Z, Man KKC, Ma T, Howard LM, Wei L, Wong ICK, Brauer R. Association between antipsychotic use in pregnancy and the risk of gestational diabetes: Population-based cohort studies from the United Kingdom and Hong Kong and an updated meta-analysis. Schizophr Res 2021; 229:55-62. [PMID: 33243714 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2020.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate whether exposure to antipsychotic medications during pregnancy is associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in United Kingdom (UK) and Hong Kong (HK) population cohorts. METHODS Two population-based cohort studies were conducted using data from the UK The Health Improvement Network (THIN) and HK Clinical Data Analysis and Reporting System (CDARS). Nondiabetic women who received any type of antipsychotic medicine before their first pregnancy were included in our cohorts. The exposed group comprised women who continued using antipsychotics from the start of pregnancy to delivery (continuers), while the comparison group included women who were prescribed antipsychotics before the start of pregnancy but stopped during pregnancy (discontinuers). GDM was identified using GDM diagnosis and/or clinicians reported GDM. Odds ratios (ORs) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to assess the association between antipsychotic use during pregnancy and GDM. Propensity Score fine-stratification weighting was used to adjust for potential confounding factors. RESULTS 3114 women with registered first pregnancies (2351 in THIN and 763 in CDARS) were included. 5.49% (2.55% in THIN and 14.55% in CDARS) were diagnosed with GDM. The adjusted OR of GDM in continuers was 0.73 (95% CI: 0.43-1.25) in THIN and 1.16 (95% CI: 0.78-1.73) in CDARS compared with discontinuers. CONCLUSIONS Our results do not suggest an increased risk of GDM in women who continued using antipsychotics during pregnancy compared to women who stopped. Based on these results, women should not stop their regular antipsychotics prescriptions in pregnancy due to the fear of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Wang
- Research Department of Practice and Policy, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kenneth K C Man
- Research Department of Practice and Policy, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tiantian Ma
- Research Department of Practice and Policy, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom
| | - Louise M Howard
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Li Wei
- Research Department of Practice and Policy, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ian C K Wong
- Research Department of Practice and Policy, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ruth Brauer
- Research Department of Practice and Policy, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom.
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Caruso G, Grasso M, Fidilio A, Tascedda F, Drago F, Caraci F. Antioxidant Properties of Second-Generation Antipsychotics: Focus on Microglia. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13120457. [PMID: 33322693 PMCID: PMC7764768 DOI: 10.3390/ph13120457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies suggest a primary role of oxidative stress in an early phase of the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and a strong neurobiological link has been found between dopaminergic system dysfunction, microglia overactivation, and oxidative stress. Different risk factors for schizophrenia increase oxidative stress phenomena raising the risk of developing psychosis. Oxidative stress induced by first-generation antipsychotics such as haloperidol significantly contributes to the development of extrapyramidal side effects. Haloperidol also exerts neurotoxic effects by decreasing antioxidant enzyme levels then worsening pro-oxidant events. Opposite to haloperidol, second-generation antipsychotics (or atypical antipsychotics) such as risperidone, clozapine, and olanzapine exert a strong antioxidant activity in experimental models of schizophrenia by rescuing the antioxidant system, with an increase in superoxide dismutase and glutathione (GSH) serum levels. Second-generation antipsychotics also improve the antioxidant status and reduce lipid peroxidation in schizophrenic patients. Interestingly, second-generation antipsychotics, such as risperidone, paliperidone, and in particular clozapine, reduce oxidative stress induced by microglia overactivation, decreasing the production of microglia-derived free radicals, finally protecting neurons against microglia-induced oxidative stress. Further, long-term clinical studies are needed to better understand the link between oxidative stress and the clinical response to antipsychotic drugs and the therapeutic potential of antioxidants to increase the response to antipsychotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Caruso
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.G.); (F.C.)
- Correspondence: or
| | - Margherita Grasso
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.G.); (F.C.)
- Department of Laboratories, Oasi Research Institute—IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy
| | - Annamaria Fidilio
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.F.); (F.D.)
| | - Fabio Tascedda
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
- Center for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Filippo Drago
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.F.); (F.D.)
| | - Filippo Caraci
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.G.); (F.C.)
- Department of Laboratories, Oasi Research Institute—IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy
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Akudjedu TN, Tronchin G, McInerney S, Scanlon C, Kenney JPM, McFarland J, Barker GJ, McCarthy P, Cannon DM, McDonald C, Hallahan B. Progression of neuroanatomical abnormalities after first-episode of psychosis: A 3-year longitudinal sMRI study. J Psychiatr Res 2020; 130:137-151. [PMID: 32818662 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The location, extent and progression of longitudinal morphometric changes after first-episode of psychosis (FEP) remains unclear. We investigated ventricular and cortico-subcortical regions over a 3-year period in FEP patients compared with healthy controls. High resolution 1.5T T1-weighted MR images were obtained at baseline from 28 FEP patients at presentation and 28 controls, and again after 3-years. The longitudinal FreeSurfer pipeline (v.5.3.0) was used for regional volumetric and cortical reconstruction image analyses. Repeated-measures ANCOVA and vertex-wise linear regression analyses compared progressive changes between groups in subcortical structures and cortical thickness respectively. Compared with controls, patients displayed progressively reduced volume of the caudate [F (1,51)=5.86, p=0.02, Hedges' g=0.66], putamen [F (1,51)=6.06, p=0.02, g=0.67], thalamus [F (1,51)=6.99, p=0.01, g=0.72] and increased right lateral ventricular volume [F (1, 51)=4.03, p=0.05], and significantly increased rate of cortical thinning [F (1,52)=5.11, p=0.028)] at a mean difference of 0.84% [95% CI (0.10, 1.59)] in the left lateral orbitofrontal region over the 3-year period. In patients, greater reduction in putamen volume over time was associated with lower cumulative antipsychotic medication dose (r=0.49, p=0.01), and increasing lateral ventricular volume over time was associated with worsening negative symptoms (r=0.41, p=0.04) and poorer global functioning (r= -0.41, p=0.04). This study demonstrates localised progressive structural abnormalities in the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuit after the onset of psychosis, with increasing ventricular volume noted as a neuroanatomical marker of poorer clinical and functional outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theophilus N Akudjedu
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, H91TK33, Galway, Ireland; Institute of Medical Imaging & Visualisation, Department of Medical Science and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, UK.
| | - Giulia Tronchin
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, H91TK33, Galway, Ireland
| | - Shane McInerney
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, H91TK33, Galway, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, 8th Floor, Toronto, Canada
| | - Cathy Scanlon
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, H91TK33, Galway, Ireland
| | - Joanne P M Kenney
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience and School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - John McFarland
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, H91TK33, Galway, Ireland
| | - Gareth J Barker
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Department of Neuroimaging, London, UK
| | - Peter McCarthy
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, H91TK33, Galway, Ireland
| | - Dara M Cannon
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, H91TK33, Galway, Ireland
| | - Colm McDonald
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, H91TK33, Galway, Ireland
| | - Brian Hallahan
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, H91TK33, Galway, Ireland
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Mancuso L, Fornito A, Costa T, Ficco L, Liloia D, Manuello J, Duca S, Cauda F. A meta-analytic approach to mapping co-occurrent grey matter volume increases and decreases in psychiatric disorders. Neuroimage 2020; 222:117220. [PMID: 32777357 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have investigated grey matter (GM) volume changes in diverse patient groups. Reports of disorder-related GM reductions are common in such work, but many studies also report evidence for GM volume increases in patients. It is unclear whether these GM increases and decreases are independent or related in some way. Here, we address this question using a novel meta-analytic network mapping approach. We used a coordinate-based meta-analysis of 64 voxel-based morphometry studies of psychiatric disorders to calculate the probability of finding a GM increase or decrease in one region given an observed change in the opposite direction in another region. Estimating this co-occurrence probability for every pair of brain regions allowed us to build a network of concurrent GM changes of opposing polarity. Our analysis revealed that disorder-related GM increases and decreases are not independent; instead, a GM change in one area is often statistically related to a change of opposite polarity in other areas, highlighting distributed yet coordinated changes in GM volume as a function of brain pathology. Most regions showing GM changes linked to an opposite change in a distal area were located in salience, executive-control and default mode networks, as well as the thalamus and basal ganglia. Moreover, pairs of regions showing coupled changes of opposite polarity were more likely to belong to different canonical networks than to the same one. Our results suggest that regional GM alterations in psychiatric disorders are often accompanied by opposing changes in distal regions that belong to distinct functional networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Mancuso
- FOCUS Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; GCS-fMRI, Koelliker Hospital and Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Alex Fornito
- The Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University,Victoria, Australia; Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University,Victoria, Australia
| | - Tommaso Costa
- FOCUS Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; GCS-fMRI, Koelliker Hospital and Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
| | - Linda Ficco
- FOCUS Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; GCS-fMRI, Koelliker Hospital and Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Donato Liloia
- FOCUS Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; GCS-fMRI, Koelliker Hospital and Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Jordi Manuello
- FOCUS Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; GCS-fMRI, Koelliker Hospital and Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Sergio Duca
- GCS-fMRI, Koelliker Hospital and Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Franco Cauda
- FOCUS Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; GCS-fMRI, Koelliker Hospital and Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Ribaudo G, Bortoli M, Pavan C, Zagotto G, Orian L. Antioxidant Potential of Psychotropic Drugs: From Clinical Evidence to In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment and toward a New Challenge for in Silico Molecular Design. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E714. [PMID: 32781750 PMCID: PMC7465375 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to high oxygen consumption, the brain is particularly vulnerable to oxidative stress, which is considered an important element in the etiopathogenesis of several mental disorders, including schizophrenia, depression and dependencies. Despite the fact that it is not established yet whether oxidative stress is a cause or a consequence of clinic manifestations, the intake of antioxidant supplements in combination with the psychotropic therapy constitutes a valuable solution in patients' treatment. Anyway, some drugs possess antioxidant capacity themselves and this aspect is discussed in this review, focusing on antipsychotics and antidepressants. In the context of a collection of clinical observations, in vitro and in vivo results are critically reported, often highlighting controversial aspects. Finally, a new challenge is discussed, i.e., the possibility of assessing in silico the antioxidant potential of these drugs, exploiting computational chemistry methodologies and machine learning. Despite the physiological environment being incredibly complex and the detection of meaningful oxidative stress biomarkers being all but an easy task, a rigorous and systematic analysis of the structural and reactivity properties of antioxidant drugs seems to be a promising route to better interpret therapeutic outcomes and provide elements for the rational design of novel drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Ribaudo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Marco Bortoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy;
| | - Chiara Pavan
- Dipartimento di Medicina, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Zagotto
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy;
| | - Laura Orian
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy;
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Radaic A, Martins-de-Souza D. The state of the art of nanopsychiatry for schizophrenia diagnostics and treatment. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2020; 28:102222. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Amiri S, Jafari-Sabet M, Keyhanfar F, Falak R, Shabani M, Rezayof A. Hippocampal and prefrontal cortical NMDA receptors mediate the interactive effects of olanzapine and lithium in memory retention in rats: the involvement of CAMKII-CREB signaling pathways. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2020; 237:1383-1396. [PMID: 31984447 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-020-05465-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Treatment of bipolar disorder (BPD) with lithium and olanzapine concurrent administration is a major medicine issue with the elusive neurobiological mechanisms underlying the cognitive function. OBJECTIVE To clarify the precise mechanisms involved, the possible role of the hippocampus (HPC) and prefrontal cortical (PFC) NMDA receptors and CAMKII-CREB signaling pathway in the interactive effects of lithium and olanzapine in memory consolidation was evaluated. The dorsal hippocampal CA1 regions of adult male Wistar rats were bilaterally cannulated and a step-through inhibitory avoidance apparatus was used to assess memory consolidation. The changes in p-CAMKII/CAMKII and p-CREB/CREB ratio in the HPC and the PFC were measured by Western blot analysis. RESULTS Post-training administration of lithium (20, 30, and 40 mg/kg, i.p.) dose-dependently decreased memory consolidation whereas post-training administration olanzapine (2 and 5 mg/kg, i.p.) increased memory consolidation. Post-training administration of certain doses of olanzapine (1, 2, and 5 mg/kg, i.p.) dose-dependently improved lithium-induced memory impairment. Post-training administration of ineffective doses of the NMDA (10-5 and 10-4 μg/rat, intra-CA1) plus an ineffective dose of olanzapine (1 mg/kg, i.p.) dose-dependently improved the lithium-induced memory impairment. Post-training microinjection of ineffective doses of the NMDA (10-5 and 10-4 μg/rat, intra-CA1) dose-dependently potentiated the memory improvement induced by olanzapine (1 mg/kg, i.p.) on lithium-induced memory impairment which was associated with the enhancement of the levels of p-CAMKII and p-CREB in the HPC and the PFC. Post-training microinjection of ineffective doses of the noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist, MK-801 (0.0625 and 0.0125 μg/rat, intra-CA1), dose-dependently decreased the memory improvement induced by olanzapine (5 mg/kg, i.p.) on lithium-induced memory impairment which was related to the reduced levels of HPC and PFC CAMKII-CREB. CONCLUSION The results strongly revealed that there is a functional interaction among lithium and olanzapine through the HPC and the PFC NMDA receptor mechanism in memory consolidation which is mediated with the CAMKII-CREB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Amiri
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Jafari-Sabet
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Razi Drug Research Center, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fariborz Keyhanfar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Falak
- Immunology Research Center, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shabani
- Kerman Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ameneh Rezayof
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Fusar-Poli P, Allen P, McGuire P. Neuroimaging studies of the early stages of psychosis: A critical review. Eur Psychiatry 2020; 23:237-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2008.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2006] [Revised: 01/15/2008] [Accepted: 01/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractPsychiatric imaging, in particular functional imaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) are potentially powerful tools to explore the neurophysiological basis of the early stages of psychosis. Despite this impressive growth, neuroimaging has yet to become an established as diagnostic instrument this area, partly as a result of significant heterogeneity across the findings from research studies. The present review aims to: (i) assess the determinants of inconsistencies in the results from neuroimaging studies of the early stages of psychosis; and (ii) suggest approaches for future imaging research in this field that may reduce methodological differences between studies.
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van Haren N, Cahn W, Hulshoff Pol H, Kahn R. Schizophrenia as a progressive brain disease. Eur Psychiatry 2020; 23:245-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2007.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2007] [Revised: 10/11/2007] [Accepted: 10/18/2007] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractThere is convincing evidence that schizophrenia is characterized by abnormalities in brain volume. At the Department of Psychiatry of the University Medical Centre Utrecht, Netherlands, we have been carrying out neuroimaging studies in schizophrenia since 1995. We focused our research on three main questions. First, are brain volume abnormalities static or progressive in nature? Secondly, can brain volume abnormalities in schizophrenia be explained (in part) by genetic influences? Finally, what environmental factors are associated with the brain volume abnormalities in schizophrenia?Based on our findings we suggest that schizophrenia is a progressive brain disease. We showed different age-related trajectories of brain tissue loss suggesting that brain maturation that occurs in the third and fourth decade of life is abnormal in schizophrenia. Moreover, brain volume has been shown to be a useful phenotype for studying schizophrenia. Brain volume is highly heritable and twin and family studies show that unaffected relatives show abnormalities that are similar, but usually present to a lesser extent, to those found in the patients. However, also environmental factors play a role. Medication intake is indeed a confounding factor when interpreting brain volume (change) abnormalities, while independent of antipsychotic medication intake brain volume abnormalities appear influenced by the outcome of the illness.In conclusion, schizophrenia can be considered as a progressive brain disease with brain volume abnormalities that are for a large part influenced by genetic factors. Whether the progressive volume change is also mediated by genes awaits the results of longitudinal twin analyses. One of the main challenges for the coming years, however, will be the search for gene-by-environment interactions on the progressive brain changes in schizophrenia.
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Wang X, Herold CJ, Kong L, Schroeder J. Associations between brain structural networks and neurological soft signs in healthy adults. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2019; 293:110989. [PMID: 31634787 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2019.110989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Neurological soft signs (NSS), as minor neurological deficits, have been identified in several psychiatric disorders, especially in schizophrenia. However, it's unclear how the neuropathological processes of the disease affect NSS related brain morphological changes and whether it is confounded by the use of medication. As NSS also exist in healthy people, the potential confounding effects of psychopathology or medication will be excluded if NSS are investigated in healthy people. Therefore, we applied a novel multivariate approach, source-based morphometry (SBM), to study structural networks in relation to NSS in healthy adults based on structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data. The Heidelberg Scale was applied to evaluate NSS. Using SBM, we constructed structural networks and investigated their associations with NSS in healthy adults. Six grey matter (GM) structural networks were identified. Sensory integration subscores were associated with the cerebellar component and the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamic component. Motor coordination subscores and total NSS scores were associated with the sensorimotor component. The present findings indicated that structural network abnormalities in cerebellar, subcortical and cortical sensorimotor areas contribute to NSS performance in healthy adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingsong Wang
- College of Education, Shanghai Normal University, No. 100 Guilin Road, 200234, Shanghai, China
| | - Christina J Herold
- Section of Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Vossstrasse 4, DE-69115 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Li Kong
- College of Education, Shanghai Normal University, No. 100 Guilin Road, 200234, Shanghai, China.
| | - Johannes Schroeder
- Section of Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Vossstrasse 4, DE-69115 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Guo F, Zhu YQ, Li C, Wang XR, Wang HN, Liu WM, Wang LX, Tian P, Kang XW, Cui LB, Xi YB, Yin H. Gray matter volume changes following antipsychotic therapy in first-episode schizophrenia patients: A longitudinal voxel-based morphometric study. J Psychiatr Res 2019; 116:126-132. [PMID: 31233895 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Despite evidence of structural brain abnormalities in schizophrenia, the current study aimed to explore the effects of antipsychotic treatment on gray matter (GM) volume using structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and investigate the relationship between brain structure and treatment response. The GM volumes of 33 patients with first-episode schizophrenia were calculated with voxel-based morphometry (VBM), with 33 matched healthy controls. Longitudinal volume changes within subjects after 4-month antipsychotic treatment were also evaluated. Correlation between volumetric changes and clinical symptoms derived from the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) were further investigated. Compared with healthy controls, decreased GM volumes in the frontal gyrus were observed in schizophrenia patients. After 4-month treatment, patients showed significantly decreased GM volume primarily in the bilateral frontal, temporal and left parietal brain regions. In addition, the GM volume changes of the left postcentral gyrus was positively correlated with negative symptoms improvement, and the correlation analysis revealed the total PANSS scores changes were associated with GM volume changes in the right inferior frontal gyrus and the right superior temporal gyrus. Besides, non-responders had reduced GM volume in the bilateral middle frontal gyrus and the right superior frontal gyrus compared with responders and healthy controls. Our results suggest that the abnormality in the right frontal gyrus exists in the early stage of schizophrenia. Moreover, the relationship between antipsychotics and structural changes was identified. The GM volume might have the potential to reflect the symptom improvement in schizophrenia patients. And MRI may assist in predicting the antipsychotic treatment response in first-episode schizophrenia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Guo
- Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yuan-Qiang Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xing-Rui Wang
- Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Hua-Ning Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Wen-Ming Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Liu-Xian Wang
- Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China; Department of Radiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Tian
- Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Kang
- Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Long-Biao Cui
- Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China; Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Medical Psychology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yi-Bin Xi
- Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Hong Yin
- Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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Lei W, Kirkpatrick B, Wang Q, Deng W, Li M, Guo W, Liang S, Li Y, Zhang C, Li X, Zhang P, Li Z, Xiang B, Chen J, Hu X, Zhang N, Li T. Progressive brain structural changes after the first year of treatment in first-episode treatment-naive patients with deficit or nondeficit schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2019; 288:12-20. [PMID: 31059954 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Progressive brain volume atrophy has been reported in patients with schizophrenia. However, whether this progress differs between patients with primary negative symptoms (deficit schizophrenia; DS) and those without such symptoms (nondeficit schizophrenia; NDS) is unknown. Here, we examined grey matter volume (GMV) and white matter volume (WMV) changes over 12 months in 34 first-episode treatment-naive patients with schizophrenia (14 DS and 20 NDS) and 32 healthy controls (HCs) using structural magnetic resonance imaging and voxel-based morphometry. At baseline, compared to HCs, patients with DS but not NDS had less WMV in bilateral posterior limb of the internal capsule (PLIC) and cerebellar tonsil (P < 0.05, FDR corrected) and smaller GMV in the cerebellar culmen (P < 0.05, FWE corrected). At follow-up, NDS group showed WMV reduction in bilateral PLIC (P < 0.05, FDR corrected), while DS group showed no progressive WMV changes. While both patient groups exhibited GMV reduction in the hippocampus and insular cortex, patients with NDS showed additional GMV loss in the frontal and cingulate cortex and a selective increase in GMV in the left thalamus (P < 0.05 FWE corrected). Our study revealed double dissociations in developmental brain volume changes in the first year after clinical contact for psychosis in DS versus NDS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lei
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Brian Kirkpatrick
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Qiang Wang
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingli Li
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanjun Guo
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sugai Liang
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yinfei Li
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chengcheng Zhang
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pingping Zhang
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Xiang
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xun Hu
- Huaxi Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi Biobank, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Nanyin Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Tao Li
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Qin J, Sui J, Ni H, Wang S, Zhang F, Zhou Z, Tian L. The Shared and Distinct White Matter Networks Between Drug-Naive Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Schizophrenia. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:96. [PMID: 30846924 PMCID: PMC6393388 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and schizophrenia (SZ) as two severe mental disorders share many clinical symptoms, and have a tight association on the psychopathological level. However, the neurobiological substrates between these two diseases remain unclear. To the best of our knowledge, no study has directly compared OCD with SZ from the perspective of white matter (WM) networks. Methods: Graph theory and network-based statistic methods were applied to diffusion MRI to investigate and compare the WM topological characteristics among 29 drug-naive OCDs, 29 drug-naive SZs, and 65 demographically-matched healthy controls (NC). Results: Compared to NCs, OCDs showed the alterations of nodal efficiency and strength in orbitofrontal (OFG) and middle frontal gyrus (MFG), while SZs exhibited widely-distributed abnormalities involving the OFG, MFG, fusiform gyrus, heschl gyrus, calcarine, lingual gyrus, putamen, and thalamus, and most of these regions also showed a significant difference from OCDs. Moreover, SZs had significantly fewer connections in striatum and visual/auditory cortices than OCDs. The right putamen consistently showed significant differences between both disorders on nodal characteristics and structural connectivity. Conclusions: SZ and OCD present different level of anatomical impairment and some distinct topological patterns, and the former has more serious and more widespread disruptions. The significant differences between both disorders are observed in many regions involving the frontal, temporal, occipital, and subcortical regions. Particularly, putamen may serve as a potential imaging marker to distinguish these two disorders and may be the key difference in their pathological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaolong Qin
- The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Perception and Systems for High-Dimensional Information of Ministry of Education, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
- National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Sui
- National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Brain Science, Institute of Automation, Beijing, China
| | - Huangjing Ni
- Smart Health Big Data Analysis and Location Services Engineering Lab of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- The Affiliated Wuxi Mental Health Center of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
- Wuxi Tongren International Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Fuquan Zhang
- The Affiliated Wuxi Mental Health Center of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
- Wuxi Tongren International Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhenhe Zhou
- The Affiliated Wuxi Mental Health Center of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
- Wuxi Tongren International Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Lin Tian
- The Affiliated Wuxi Mental Health Center of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
- Wuxi Tongren International Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, China
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Boyd-Kimball D, Gonczy K, Lewis B, Mason T, Siliko N, Wolfe J. Classics in Chemical Neuroscience: Chlorpromazine. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:79-88. [PMID: 29929365 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of chlorpromazine in the early 1950s revolutionized the clinical treatment of schizophrenia, galvanized the development of psychopharmacology, and standardized protocols used for testing the clinical efficacy of antipsychotics. Furthermore, chlorpromazine expanded our understanding of the role of chemical messaging in neurotransmission and reduced the stigma associated with mental illness, facilitating deinstitutionalization in the 1960s and 1970s. In this review, we will discuss the synthesis, manufacturing, metabolism and pharmacokinetics, pharmacology, structure-activity relationship, and adverse effects of chlorpromazine. In conclusion, we summarize the history and significant contributions of chlorpromazine that have resulted in this potent first-generation antipsychotic maintaining its clinical relevance for nearly 70 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debra Boyd-Kimball
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mount Union, Alliance, Ohio 44601, United States
| | - Katelyn Gonczy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mount Union, Alliance, Ohio 44601, United States
| | - Benjamin Lewis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mount Union, Alliance, Ohio 44601, United States
| | - Thomas Mason
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mount Union, Alliance, Ohio 44601, United States
| | - Nicole Siliko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mount Union, Alliance, Ohio 44601, United States
| | - Jacob Wolfe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mount Union, Alliance, Ohio 44601, United States
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Oertel V, Kraft D, Alves G, Knöchel C, Ghinea D, Storchak H, Matura S, Prvulovic D, Bittner RA, Linden DEJ, Reif A, Stäblein M. Associative Memory Impairments Are Associated With Functional Alterations Within the Memory Network in Schizophrenia Patients and Their Unaffected First-Degree Relatives: An fMRI Study. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:33. [PMID: 30842744 PMCID: PMC6391930 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Memory impairments are a major characteristic of schizophrenia (SZ). In the current study, we used an associative memory task to test the hypothesis that SZ patients and first-degree relatives have altered functional patterns in comparison to healthy controls. We analyzed the fMRI activation pattern during the presentation of a face-name task in 27 SZ patients, 23 first-degree relatives, and 27 healthy controls. In addition, we performed correlation analyses between individual psychopathology, accuracy and reaction time of the task and the beta scores of the functional brain activations. We observed a lower response accuracy and increased reaction time during the retrieval of face-name pairs in SZ patients compared with controls. Deficient performance was accompanied by abnormal functional activation patterns predominantly in DMN regions during encoding and retrieval. No significant correlation between individual psychopathology and neuronal activation during encoding or retrieval of face-name pairs was observed. Findings of first-degree relatives indicated slightly different functional pattern within brain networks in contrast to controls without significant differences in the behavioral task. Both the accuracy of memory performance as well as the functional activation pattern during retrieval revealed alterations in SZ patients, and, to a lesser degree, in relatives. The results are of potential relevance for integration within a comprehensive model of memory function in SZ. The development of a neurophysiological model of cognition in psychosis may help to clarify and improve therapeutic options to improve memory and functioning in the illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viola Oertel
- Laboratory for Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Dominik Kraft
- Laboratory for Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Brain Imaging Centre, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gilberto Alves
- Post Graduation in Psychiatry and Mental Health, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Christian Knöchel
- Laboratory for Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Denisa Ghinea
- Laboratory for Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Brain Imaging Centre, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Helena Storchak
- Laboratory for Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Brain Imaging Centre, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Silke Matura
- Laboratory for Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - David Prvulovic
- Laboratory for Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Robert A Bittner
- Laboratory for Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - David E J Linden
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Reif
- Laboratory for Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Michael Stäblein
- Laboratory for Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Wang J, Tang Y, Curtin A, Xia M, Tang X, Zhao Y, Li Y, Qian Z, Sheng J, Zhang T, Jia Y, Li C, Wang J. ECT-induced brain plasticity correlates with positive symptom improvement in schizophrenia by voxel-based morphometry analysis of grey matter. Brain Stimul 2018; 12:319-328. [PMID: 30473477 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is often considered as an augmentation of antipsychotic treatment for schizophrenia in drug-refractory cases. However, the mechanisms underlying the observed therapeutic effects are still not understood. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate changes in whole brain grey matter volume (GMV) before and after modified ECT. GMV was determined using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) whole brain analysis. Correlations of brain structural changes with clinical improvement were also investigated. METHODS Twenty-one schizophrenia patients treated with a full course of ECT combined with antipsychotics (ECT group) and 21 schizophrenia patients treated only with antipsychotics (Drug group) were observed in parallel. Magnetic resonance imaging scans were performed at baseline (T1) and follow-up (T2) for each patient. Data were compared to a healthy control group (HC group) of 23 persons who were only scanned at baseline. Demographic data were matched between the three groups. RESULTS Significant interactions of group by time were found within four brain regions: the left parahippocampal gyrus/hippocampus, right parahippocampal gyrus/hippocampus, right temporal_pole_mid/superior temporal gyrus, and right insula. Post-hoc analysis revealed an increase of GMV across all four regions amongst ECT group, but a decrease of GMV within the Drug group. Furthermore, the ECT group showed a significant positive correlation of GMV change in the right parahippocampal gyrus/hippocampus with a reduction of positive subscore in the positive and negative syndrome scale. Both treatment groups did not differ significantly in terms of GMV from the HC group in these regions either at T1 or at T2. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that ECT may induce brain plasticity as indexed by grey matter volume change during the treatment of schizophrenia via distinct mechanics from those by antipsychotic medications. ECT may ameliorate the positive psychotic symptoms of patients suffering from schizophrenia by preferentially targeting limbic brain areas such as the parahippocampal gyrus/hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Wang
- Institute of Mental Health, Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215137, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Yingying Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China.
| | - Adrian Curtin
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Health Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Med-X Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University University, Shanghai, 200300, China
| | - Mengqing Xia
- Institute of Mental Health, Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215137, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Xiaochen Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Yuanqiao Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Yu Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Zhenying Qian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Jianhua Sheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Tianhong Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Yuping Jia
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Chunbo Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology (CEBSIT), Chinese Academy of Science, China; Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200030, China; Bio-X Institute, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Jijun Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology (CEBSIT), Chinese Academy of Science, China; Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200030, China; Bio-X Institute, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200030, China.
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Deakin B, Suckling J, Barnes TRE, Byrne K, Chaudhry IB, Dazzan P, Drake RJ, Giordano A, Husain N, Jones PB, Joyce E, Knox E, Krynicki C, Lawrie SM, Lewis S, Lisiecka-Ford DM, Nikkheslat N, Pariante CM, Smallman R, Watson A, Williams SCR, Upthegrove R, Dunn G. The benefit of minocycline on negative symptoms of schizophrenia in patients with recent-onset psychosis (BeneMin): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Psychiatry 2018; 5:885-894. [PMID: 30322824 PMCID: PMC6206257 DOI: 10.1016/s2215-0366(18)30345-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The antibiotic minocycline has neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties that could prevent or reverse progressive neuropathic changes implicated in recent-onset schizophrenia. In the BeneMin study, we aimed to replicate the benefit of minocycline on negative symptoms reported in previous pilot studies, and to understand the mechanisms involved. METHODS In this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we recruited people with a schizophrenia-spectrum disorder that had begun within the past 5 years with continuing positive symptoms from 12 National Health Service (NHS) trusts. Participants were randomly assigned according to an automated permuted blocks algorithm, stratified by pharmacy, to receive minocycline (200 mg per day for 2 weeks, then 300 mg per day for the remainder of the 12-month study period) or matching placebo, which were added to their continuing treatment. The primary clinical outcome was the negative symptom subscale score of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scales (PANSS) across follow-ups at months 2, 6, 9, and 12. The primary biomarker outcomes were medial prefrontal grey-matter volume, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activation during a working memory task, and plasma concentration of interleukin 6. This study is registered as an International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial, number ISRCTN49141214, and the EU Clinical Trials register (EudraCT) number is 2010-022463-35I. FINDINGS Between April 16, 2013, and April 30, 2015, we recruited 207 people and randomly assigned them to receive minocycline (n=104) or placebo (n=103). Compared with placebo, the addition of minocycline had no effect on ratings of negative symptoms (treatment effect difference -0·19, 95% CI -1·23 to 0·85; p=0·73). The primary biomarker outcomes did not change over time and were not affected by minocycline. The groups did not differ in the rate of serious adverse events (n=11 in placebo group and n=18 in the minocycline group), which were mostly due to admissions for worsening psychiatric state (n=10 in the placebo group and n=15 in the minocycline group). The most common adverse events were gastrointestinal (n=12 in the placebo group, n=19 in the minocycline group), psychiatric (n=16 in placebo group, n=8 in minocycline group), nervous system (n=8 in the placebo group, n=12 in the minocycline group), and dermatological (n=10 in the placebo group, n=8 in the minocycline group). INTERPRETATION Minocycline does not benefit negative or other symptoms of schizophrenia over and above adherence to routine clinical care in first-episode psychosis. There was no evidence of a persistent progressive neuropathic or inflammatory process underpinning negative symptoms. Further trials of minocycline in early psychosis are not warranted until there is clear evidence of an inflammatory process, such as microgliosis, against which minocycline has known efficacy. FUNDING National Institute for Health Research Efficacy and Mechanism Evaluation (EME) programme, an MRC and NIHR partnership.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bill Deakin
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; MAHSC, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Prestwich, Manchester, UK.
| | - John Suckling
- Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Herchel Smith Building for Brain and Mind Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cambridgeshire & Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Kelly Byrne
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Tropical Clinical Trials Unit, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Imran B Chaudhry
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Lancashire Care Early Intervention Service, Accrington, UK
| | - Paola Dazzan
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Richard J Drake
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Prestwich, Manchester, UK
| | - Annalisa Giordano
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Nusrat Husain
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Peter B Jones
- Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Herchel Smith Building for Brain and Mind Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cambridgeshire & Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eileen Joyce
- Sobell Department of Motor Neurosciences and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Emma Knox
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Institute for Applied Clinical Sciences, Keele University, Guy Hilton Research Centre, Stoke-on-Trent, UK
| | - Carl Krynicki
- Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Stephen M Lawrie
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Shôn Lewis
- MAHSC, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Prestwich, Manchester, UK
| | - Danuta M Lisiecka-Ford
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Naghmeh Nikkheslat
- Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Lab & Perinatal Psychiatry, The Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Carmine M Pariante
- Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Lab & Perinatal Psychiatry, The Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Richard Smallman
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Andrew Watson
- Sobell Department of Motor Neurosciences and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | | | - Rachel Upthegrove
- Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Graham Dunn
- Division of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Neuropsychiatric complications and neuroimaging characteristics after deep brain stimulation surgery for Parkinson’s disease. Brain Imaging Behav 2018; 14:62-71. [DOI: 10.1007/s11682-018-9971-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Godwin D, Alpert KI, Wang L, Mamah D. Regional cortical thinning in young adults with schizophrenia but not psychotic or non-psychotic bipolar I disorder. Int J Bipolar Disord 2018; 6:16. [PMID: 29992455 PMCID: PMC6161965 DOI: 10.1186/s40345-018-0124-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia shares some genetic risk and clinical symptoms with bipolar disorder. Clinical heterogeneity across subjects is thought to contribute to variable structural imaging findings across studies. The current study investigates cortical thickness in young adults diagnosed with schizophrenia or bipolar I disorder with a history of hyperthymic mania. We hypothesize that cortical thickness will be most similar between SCZ and the psychotic bipolar 1 disorder subtype. METHODS Patients with schizophrenia (n = 52), psychotic bipolar I disorder (PBD; n = 49) and non-psychotic bipolar I disorder (NPBD; n = 24) and healthy controls (n = 40) were scanned in a 3T Trio MRI. The thickness of 34 cortical regions was estimated with FreeSurfer, and analyzed using univariate analyses of variance. Relationships to psychotic (SAPS) and negative (SANS) symptoms were investigated using linear regression. RESULTS Cortical thickness showed significant group effects, after covarying for sex, age, and intracranial volume (p = 0.001). SCZ subjects had thinner paracentral, inferior parietal, supramarginal and fusiform cortices compared to CON. Caudal anterior cingulate cortical thickness was increased in SCZ, PBD and NPBD. Cortical thickness in PBD and NPBD were not significantly different from controls. Significant partial correlations were observed for SAPS severity with middle temporal (r = - 0.26; p = 0.001) and fusiform (- 0.26; p = 0.001) cortical thickness. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with SCZ displayed significantly reduced cortical thickness in several cortical regions compared to both CON and bipolar. We found that SCZ participants had significant cortical thinning relative to CON and bipolar disorder most significantly in the frontal (i.e. paracentral), parietal (i.e. inferior parietal, supramarginal), and temporal (i.e. middle temporal, fusiform) cortices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglass Godwin
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, USA
| | - Kathryn I. Alpert
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - Daniel Mamah
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, USA
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Londhe V, Shirsat R. Formulation and Characterization of Fast-Dissolving Sublingual Film of Iloperidone Using Box-Behnken Design for Enhancement of Oral Bioavailability. AAPS PharmSciTech 2018; 19:1392-1400. [PMID: 29396734 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-018-0954-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Iloperidone is a second-generation antipsychotic drug which is used for the treatment of schizophrenia and has very low aqueous solubility and bioavailability. This drug also undergoes first-pass metabolism. The aim of this work is to formulate fast-dissolving sublingual films of iloperidone to improve its bioavailability. Sublingual films were prepared by solvent casting method. Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose E5, propylene glycol 400, and transcutol HP were optimized using Box-Behnken three-level statistical design on the basis of disintegration time and folding endurance of films. Iloperidone:hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin kneaded complex was used in films instead of plain drug due to its low solubility. Optimized film was further evaluated for drug content, pH, dissolution studies, ex vivo permeation studies, and pharmacokinetic studies in rats. The optimized film disintegrated within 30 s. The in vitro dissolution of the film showed 80.3 ± 3.4% drug dissolved within first 5 min. In ex vivo permeation studies using sublingual tissue, flux achieved within first 15 min by film was around 117.1 ± 0.35 (mcg/cm2/h) which was ten times more than that of plain drug. This formulation showed excellent uniformity. AUC and Cmax of film were significantly higher (p < 0.001) as compared to plain drug and relative bioavailability of the films was 148% when compared to the plain drug. Thus, this study showed optimized fast-dissolving sublingual film to improve permeation and bioavailability of iloperidone. Fast-dissolving films will be customer-friendly approach for geadiatric schizophrenic patients.
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Lee J, Chon MW, Kim H, Rathi Y, Bouix S, Shenton ME, Kubicki M. Diagnostic value of structural and diffusion imaging measures in schizophrenia. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2018; 18:467-474. [PMID: 29876254 PMCID: PMC5987843 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Many studies have attempted to discriminate patients with schizophrenia from healthy controls by machine learning using structural or functional MRI. We included both structural and diffusion MRI (dMRI) and performed random forest (RF) and support vector machine (SVM) in this study. Methods We evaluated the performance of classifying schizophrenia using RF method and SVM with 504 features (volume and/or fractional anisotropy and trace) from 184 brain regions. We enrolled 47 patients and 23 age- and sex-matched healthy controls and resampled our data into a balanced dataset using a Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique method. We randomly permuted the classification of all participants as a patient or healthy control 100 times and ran the RF and SVM with leave one out cross validation for each permutation. We then compared the sensitivity and specificity of the original dataset and the permuted dataset. Results Classification using RF with 504 features showed a significantly higher rate of performance compared to classification by chance: sensitivity (87.6% vs. 47.0%) and specificity (95.9 vs. 48.4%) performed by RF, sensitivity (89.5% vs. 48.0%) and specificity (94.5% vs. 47.1%) performed by SVM. Conclusions Machine learning using RF and SVM with both volume and diffusion measures can discriminate patients with schizophrenia with a high degree of performance. Further replications are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungsun Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Myong-Wuk Chon
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Harin Kim
- Department of psychiatry, Korean Armed Forces Capital Hospital, Bundang-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yogesh Rathi
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sylvain Bouix
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martha E Shenton
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; VA Boston Healthcare System, Brockton Division, Brockton, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marek Kubicki
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Picchioni MM, Dazzan P. Clinical significance of neurological abnormalities in psychosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1192/apt.bp.107.004408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SummaryThe neurological deficits in sensory and motor function in schizophrenia have been described using a confusing variety of terms, reflecting their uncertain relevance and significance to psychosis. In this article we explore the nature of neurological abnormalities in psychosis, describe their assessment and suggest their potential relevance for clinician and patient. We propose that the assessment of neurological abnormalities and extrapyramidal side-effects should figure in the assessment of any patient with psychosis, particularly at illness onset. Furthermore, we suggest that neurological abnormalities can inform prognostic predictions and help to identify patients with more complex future care needs.
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Fusté M, Pauls A, Worker A, Reinders AATS, Simmons A, Williams SCR, Haro JM, Hazelgrove K, Pawlby S, Conroy S, Vecchio C, Seneviratne G, Pariante CM, Mehta MA, Dazzan P. Brain structure in women at risk of postpartum psychosis: an MRI study. Transl Psychiatry 2017; 7:1286. [PMID: 29249808 PMCID: PMC5802701 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-017-0003-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Postpartum psychosis (PP) is the most severe psychiatric disorder associated with childbirth. The risk of PP is very high in women with a history of bipolar affective disorder or schizoaffective disorder. However, the neurobiological basis of PP remains poorly understood and no study has evaluated brain structure in women at risk of, or with, PP. We performed a cross-sectional study of 256 women at risk of PP and 21 healthy controls (HC) in the same postpartum period. Among women at risk, 11 who developed a recent episode of PP (PPE) (n = 2 with lifetime bipolar disorder; n = 9 psychotic disorder not otherwise specified) and 15 at risk women who did not develop an episode of PP (NPPE) (n = 10 with lifetime bipolar disorder; n = 1 with schizoaffective disorder; n = 1 with a history of PP in first-degree family member; n = 3 with previous PP). We obtained T1-weighted MRI scans at 3T and examined regional gray matter volumes with voxel-based morphometry and cortical thickness and surface area with Freesurfer. Women with PPE showed smaller anterior cingulate gyrus, superior temporal gyrus and parahippocampal gyrus compared to NPPE women. These regions also showed decreased surface area. Moreover, the NPPE group showed a larger superior and inferior frontal gyrus volume than the HC. These results should be interpreted with caution, as there were between-group differences in terms of duration of illness and interval between delivery and MRI acquisition. Nevertheless, these are the first findings to suggest that MRI can provide information on brain morphology that characterize those women at risk of PP more likely to develop an episode after childbirth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Fusté
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neurosciences, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, UK, SE5 8AF. .,CIBERSAM, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Astrid Pauls
- 0000 0001 2322 6764grid.13097.3cDepartment of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neurosciences, King’s College London, De Crespigny Park, London, UK SE5 8AF
| | - Amanda Worker
- 0000 0001 2322 6764grid.13097.3cDepartment of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neurosciences, King’s College of London, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
| | - Antje A. T. S Reinders
- 0000 0001 2322 6764grid.13097.3cDepartment of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neurosciences, King’s College London, De Crespigny Park, London, UK SE5 8AF
| | - Andrew Simmons
- 0000 0001 2322 6764grid.13097.3cDepartment of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neurosciences, King’s College of London, De Crespigny Park, London, UK ,0000 0001 2116 3923grid.451056.3National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Mental Health Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Steven C. R. Williams
- 0000 0001 2322 6764grid.13097.3cDepartment of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neurosciences, King’s College of London, De Crespigny Park, London, UK ,0000 0001 2116 3923grid.451056.3National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Mental Health Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Josep M. Haro
- CIBERSAM, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kate Hazelgrove
- 0000 0001 2322 6764grid.13097.3cDepartment of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neurosciences, King’s College London, De Crespigny Park, London, UK SE5 8AF
| | - Susan Pawlby
- 0000 0001 2322 6764grid.13097.3cSection of Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology and Perinatal Psychiatry, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neurosciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Susan Conroy
- 0000 0001 2322 6764grid.13097.3cSection of Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology and Perinatal Psychiatry, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neurosciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Costanza Vecchio
- 0000 0001 2322 6764grid.13097.3cSection of Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology and Perinatal Psychiatry, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neurosciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Gertrude Seneviratne
- 0000 0001 2322 6764grid.13097.3cSection of Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology and Perinatal Psychiatry, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neurosciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Carmine M. Pariante
- 0000 0001 2116 3923grid.451056.3National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Mental Health Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London, London, UK ,0000 0001 2322 6764grid.13097.3cSection of Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology and Perinatal Psychiatry, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neurosciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Mitul A. Mehta
- 0000 0001 2322 6764grid.13097.3cDepartment of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neurosciences, King’s College of London, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
| | - Paola Dazzan
- 0000 0001 2322 6764grid.13097.3cDepartment of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neurosciences, King’s College London, De Crespigny Park, London, UK SE5 8AF ,0000 0001 2116 3923grid.451056.3National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Mental Health Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London, London, UK
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Randall SR, Warton CMR, Holmes MJ, Cotton MF, Laughton B, van der Kouwe AJW, Meintjes EM. Larger Subcortical Gray Matter Structures and Smaller Corpora Callosa at Age 5 Years in HIV Infected Children on Early ART. Front Neuroanat 2017; 11:95. [PMID: 29163068 PMCID: PMC5673662 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2017.00095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sub-Saharan Africa is home to 90% of HIV infected (HIV+) children. Since the advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV/AIDS has transitioned to a chronic condition where central nervous system (CNS) damage may be ongoing. Although, most guidelines recommend early ART to reduce CNS viral reservoirs, the brain may be more vulnerable to potential neurotoxic effects of ART during the rapid development phase in the first years of life. Here we investigate differences in subcortical volumes between 5-year-old HIV+ children who received early ART (before age 18 months) and uninfected children using manual tracing of Magnetic Resonance Images. Participants included 61 Xhosa children (43 HIV+/18 uninfected, mean age = 5.4 ± 0.3 years, 25 male) from the children with HIV early antiretroviral (CHER) trial; 27 children initiated ART before 12 weeks of age (ART-Before12Wks) and 16 after 12 weeks (ART-After12Wks). Structural images were acquired on a 3T Allegra MRI in Cape Town and manually traced using MultiTracer. Volumetric group differences (HIV+ vs. uninfected; ART-Before12Wks vs. ART-After12Wks) were examined for the caudate, nucleus accumbens (NA), putamen (Pu), globus pallidus (GP), and corpus callosum (CC), as well as associations within infected children of structure volumes with age at ART initiation and CD4/CD8 as a proxy for immune health. HIV+ children had significantly larger NA and Pu volumes bilaterally and left GP volumes than controls, whilst CC was smaller. Bilateral Pu was larger in both treatment groups compared to controls, while left GP and bilateral NA were enlarged only in ART-After12Wks children. CC was smaller in both treatment groups compared to controls, and smaller in ART-After12Wks compared to ART-Before12Wks. Within infected children, delayed ART initiation was associated with larger Pu volumes, effects that remained significant when controlling for sex and duration of treatment interruption (left β = 0.447, p = 0.005; right β = 0.325, p = 0.051), and lower CD4/CD8 with larger caudates controlling for sex (left β = -0.471, p = 0.002; right β = -0.440, p = 0.003). Volumetric differences were greater in children who initiated ART after 12 weeks. Results suggest damage is ongoing despite early ART and viral load suppression; however, earlier treatment is neuroprotective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven R. Randall
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Christopher M. R. Warton
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Martha J. Holmes
- MRC/UCT Medical Imaging Research Unit, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mark F. Cotton
- Children's Infectious Diseases Clinical Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Tygerberg Children's Hospital & Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Barbara Laughton
- Children's Infectious Diseases Clinical Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Tygerberg Children's Hospital & Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Andre J. W. van der Kouwe
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Ernesta M. Meintjes
- MRC/UCT Medical Imaging Research Unit, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Emsley R, Asmal L, du Plessis S, Chiliza B, Phahladira L, Kilian S. Brain volume changes over the first year of treatment in schizophrenia: relationships to antipsychotic treatment. Psychol Med 2017; 47:2187-2196. [PMID: 28347393 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291717000642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progressive brain volume reductions have been described in schizophrenia, and an association with antipsychotic exposure has been reported. METHODS We compared percentage changes in grey and white matter volume from baseline to month 12 in 23 previously antipsychotic-naïve patients with a first episode of schizophrenia or schizophreniform disorder who were treated with the lowest effective dose of flupenthixol decanoate depot formulation, with 53 matched healthy individuals. Total antipsychotic dose was precisely calculated and its relationship with brain volume changes investigated. Relationships between volumetric changes and treatment were further investigated in terms of treatment response (changes in psychopathology and functionality) and treatment-related adverse-events (extrapyramidal symptoms and weight gain). RESULTS Excessive cortical volume reductions were observed in patients [-4.6 (6.6)%] v. controls [-1.12 (4.0)%] (p = 0.009), with no significant group differences for changes in subcortical grey matter and white matter volumes. In a multiple regression model, the only significant predictor of cortical volume change was total antipsychotic dose received (p = 0.04). Cortical volume change was not significantly associated with the changes in psychopathology, functionality, extrapyramidal symptoms and body mass index or age, gender and duration of untreated psychosis. CONCLUSIONS Brain volume reductions associated with antipsychotic treatment are not restricted to poor outcome patients and occur even with the lowest effective dose of antipsychotic. The lack of an association with poor treatment response or treatment-related adverse effects counts against cortical volume reductions reflecting neurotoxicity, at least in the short term. On the other hand, the volume reductions were not linked to the therapeutic benefits of antipsychotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Emsley
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences,Stellenbosch University,Cape Town,South Africa
| | - L Asmal
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences,Stellenbosch University,Cape Town,South Africa
| | - S du Plessis
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences,Stellenbosch University,Cape Town,South Africa
| | - B Chiliza
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences,Stellenbosch University,Cape Town,South Africa
| | - L Phahladira
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences,Stellenbosch University,Cape Town,South Africa
| | - S Kilian
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences,Stellenbosch University,Cape Town,South Africa
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Progressive cortical reorganisation: A framework for investigating structural changes in schizophrenia. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 79:1-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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47
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Whole brain volume changes and its correlation with clinical symptom severity in patients with schizophrenia: A DARTEL-based VBM study. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177251. [PMID: 28520743 PMCID: PMC5435302 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) volume alterations in whole-brain structures in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls using voxel-based morphometry (VBM), and further to assess the correlation between GM and WM volume variations and symptom severity in schizophrenia. A total of 22 patients with schizophrenia and 22 age-matched healthy controls participated. Magnetic resonance image data were processed using SPM8 software with diffeomorphic anatomical registration via an exponentiated Lie algebra (DARTEL) algorithm. Patients with schizophrenia exhibited significantly decreased GM volumes of the insula, superior temporal gyrus (STG), gyrus rectus, and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) compared with healthy controls. The GM volumes of the STG and gyrus rectus were negatively correlated with the positive scales on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and those of the STG and ACC were negatively correlated with the negative scales. The durations of illness in schizophrenia were negatively correlated with the GM volumes of the insula, STG, and ACC. Patients with schizophrenia exhibited significantly decreased WM volumes of the superior frontal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, and STG. The WM volumes of the STG were negatively correlated with the duration of illness. Our findings suggest that GM and WM volume abnormalities in the STG are associated with the psychopathology of schizophrenia.
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Pergola G, Trizio S, Di Carlo P, Taurisano P, Mancini M, Amoroso N, Nettis MA, Andriola I, Caforio G, Popolizio T, Rampino A, Di Giorgio A, Bertolino A, Blasi G. Grey matter volume patterns in thalamic nuclei are associated with familial risk for schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2017; 180:13-20. [PMID: 27449252 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Previous evidence suggests reduced thalamic grey matter volume (GMV) in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ). However, it is not considered an intermediate phenotype for schizophrenia, possibly because previous studies did not assess the contribution of individual thalamic nuclei and employed univariate statistics. Here, we hypothesized that multivariate statistics would reveal an association of GMV in different thalamic nuclei with familial risk for schizophrenia. We also hypothesized that accounting for the heterogeneity of thalamic GMV in healthy controls would improve the detection of subjects at familial risk for the disorder. We acquired MRI scans for 96 clinically stable SCZ, 55 non-affected siblings of patients with schizophrenia (SIB), and 249 HC. The thalamus was parceled into seven regions of interest (ROIs). After a canonical univariate analysis, we used GMV estimates of thalamic ROIs, together with total thalamic GMV and premorbid intelligence, as features in Random Forests to classify HC, SIB, and SCZ. Then, we computed a Misclassification Index for each individual and tested the improvement in SIB detection after excluding a subsample of HC misclassified as patients. Random Forests discriminated SCZ from HC (accuracy=81%) and SIB from HC (accuracy=75%). Left anteromedial thalamic volumes were significantly associated with both multivariate classifications (p<0.05). Excluding HC misclassified as SCZ improved greatly HC vs. SIB classification (Cohen's d=1.39). These findings suggest that multivariate statistics identify a familial background associated with thalamic GMV reduction in SCZ. They also suggest the relevance of inter-individual variability of GMV patterns for the discrimination of individuals at familial risk for the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Pergola
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Silvestro Trizio
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Pasquale Di Carlo
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Paolo Taurisano
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Marina Mancini
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Amoroso
- National Institute of Nuclear of Physics-Branch of Bari, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; Interuniversity Department of Physics 'M. Merlin', University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Nettis
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Ileana Andriola
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Grazia Caforio
- Psychiatry Unit, Bari University Hospital, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Teresa Popolizio
- IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", Viale Cappuccini, 1, I-71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Antonio Rampino
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; Psychiatry Unit, Bari University Hospital, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Annabella Di Giorgio
- IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", Viale Cappuccini, 1, I-71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bertolino
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; Psychiatry Unit, Bari University Hospital, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Blasi
- Psychiatry Unit, Bari University Hospital, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy; IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", Viale Cappuccini, 1, I-71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy.
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Shah C, Zhang W, Xiao Y, Yao L, Zhao Y, Gao X, Liu L, Liu J, Li S, Tao B, Yan Z, Fu Y, Gong Q, Lui S. Common pattern of gray-matter abnormalities in drug-naive and medicated first-episode schizophrenia: a multimodal meta-analysis. Psychol Med 2017; 47:401-413. [PMID: 27776571 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291716002683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Studies of schizophrenia at drug-naive state and on antipsychotic medication have reported a number of regions of gray-matter (GM) abnormalities but the reports have been inconsistent. The aim of this study was to conduct multimodal meta-analysis to compare the cross-sectional voxel-based morphometry studies of brain GM in antipsychotic-naive first-episode schizophrenia (AN-FES) and those with antipsychotic treatment within 1 year (AT-FES) to determine the similarities and differences in these groups. We conducted two separate meta-analyses containing 24 studies with a sample size of 801 patients and 957 healthy controls. A multimodal meta-analysis method was used to compare the findings between AN-FES and AT-FES. Meta-regression analyses were done to determine the influence of different variables including age, duration of illness, and positive and negative symptom scores. Finally, jack-knife analyses were done to test the robustness of the results. AN-FES and AT-FES showed common patterns of GM abnormalities in frontal (gyrus rectus), superior temporal, left hippocampal and insular cortex. GM in the left supramarginal gyrus and left middle temporal gyrus were found to be increased in AN-FES but decreased in AT-FES, whereas left median cingulate/paracingulate gyri and right hippocampus GM was decreased in AN-FES but increased in AT-FES. Findings suggest that both AN-FES and AT-FES share frontal, temporal and insular regions as common anatomical regions to be affected indicating these to be the primary regions of GM abnormalities in both groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Shah
- Radiology Department,The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou,Zhejiang,China
| | - W Zhang
- Department of Radiology,Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), the Center for Medical Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan,China
| | - Y Xiao
- Department of Radiology,Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), the Center for Medical Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan,China
| | - L Yao
- Department of Radiology,Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), the Center for Medical Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan,China
| | - Y Zhao
- Department of Radiology,Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), the Center for Medical Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan,China
| | - X Gao
- Department of Radiology,Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), the Center for Medical Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan,China
| | - L Liu
- Department of Radiology,Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), the Center for Medical Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan,China
| | - J Liu
- Department of Radiology,Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), the Center for Medical Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan,China
| | - S Li
- Department of Radiology,Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), the Center for Medical Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan,China
| | - B Tao
- Department of Radiology,Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), the Center for Medical Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan,China
| | - Z Yan
- Radiology Department,The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou,Zhejiang,China
| | - Y Fu
- Radiology Department,The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou,Zhejiang,China
| | - Q Gong
- Department of Radiology,Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), the Center for Medical Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan,China
| | - S Lui
- Radiology Department,The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou,Zhejiang,China
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50
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Savalia NK, Agres PF, Chan MY, Feczko EJ, Kennedy KM, Wig GS. Motion-related artifacts in structural brain images revealed with independent estimates of in-scanner head motion. Hum Brain Mapp 2016; 38:472-492. [PMID: 27634551 PMCID: PMC5217095 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Motion‐contaminated T1‐weighted (T1w) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results in misestimates of brain structure. Because conventional T1w scans are not collected with direct measures of head motion, a practical alternative is needed to identify potential motion‐induced bias in measures of brain anatomy. Head movements during functional MRI (fMRI) scanning of 266 healthy adults (20–89 years) were analyzed to reveal stable features of in‐scanner head motion. The magnitude of head motion increased with age and exhibited within‐participant stability across different fMRI scans. fMRI head motion was then related to measurements of both quality control (QC) and brain anatomy derived from a T1w structural image from the same scan session. A procedure was adopted to “flag” individuals exhibiting excessive head movement during fMRI or poor T1w quality rating. The flagging procedure reliably reduced the influence of head motion on estimates of gray matter thickness across the cortical surface. Moreover, T1w images from flagged participants exhibited reduced estimates of gray matter thickness and volume in comparison to age‐ and gender‐matched samples, resulting in inflated effect sizes in the relationships between regional anatomical measures and age. Gray matter thickness differences were noted in numerous regions previously reported to undergo prominent atrophy with age. Recommendations are provided for mitigating this potential confound, and highlight how the procedure may lead to more accurate measurement and comparison of anatomical features. Hum Brain Mapp 38:472–492, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil K Savalia
- Center for Vital Longevity and School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, Texas
| | - Phillip F Agres
- Center for Vital Longevity and School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, Texas
| | - Micaela Y Chan
- Center for Vital Longevity and School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, Texas
| | - Eric J Feczko
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon.,Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Kristen M Kennedy
- Center for Vital Longevity and School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, Texas
| | - Gagan S Wig
- Center for Vital Longevity and School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, Texas.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
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