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Mouskeftara T, Kalopitas G, Liapikos T, Arvanitakis K, Germanidis G, Gika H. Predicting Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis: A Lipidomics-Driven Machine Learning Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5965. [PMID: 38892150 PMCID: PMC11172949 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), nowadays the most prevalent chronic liver disease in Western countries, is characterized by a variable phenotype ranging from steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Intracellular lipid accumulation is considered the hallmark of NAFLD and is associated with lipotoxicity and inflammation, as well as increased oxidative stress levels. In this study, a lipidomic approach was used to investigate the plasma lipidome of 12 NASH patients, 10 Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver (NAFL) patients, and 15 healthy controls, revealing significant alterations in lipid classes, such as glycerolipids and glycerophospholipids, as well as fatty acid compositions in the context of steatosis and steatohepatitis. A machine learning XGBoost algorithm identified a panel of 15 plasma biomarkers, including HOMA-IR, BMI, platelets count, LDL-c, ferritin, AST, FA 12:0, FA 18:3 ω3, FA 20:4 ω6/FA 20:5 ω3, CAR 4:0, LPC 20:4, LPC O-16:1, LPE 18:0, DG 18:1_18:2, and CE 20:4 for predicting steatohepatitis. This research offers insights into the connection between imbalanced lipid metabolism and the formation and progression of NAFL D, while also supporting previous research findings. Future studies on lipid metabolism could lead to new therapeutic approaches and enhanced risk assessment methods, as the shift from isolated steatosis to NASH is currently poorly understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomai Mouskeftara
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
- Biomic AUTh, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Balkan Center B1.4, 10th km Thessaloniki-Thermi Rd., 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios Kalopitas
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.K.); (G.G.)
- Basic and Translational Research Unit, Special Unit for Biomedical Research and Education, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social and Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Theodoros Liapikos
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Konstantinos Arvanitakis
- First Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Georgios Germanidis
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.K.); (G.G.)
- Basic and Translational Research Unit, Special Unit for Biomedical Research and Education, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social and Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Helen Gika
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
- Biomic AUTh, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Balkan Center B1.4, 10th km Thessaloniki-Thermi Rd., 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
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2
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Duparc T, Gore E, Combes G, Beuzelin D, Pires Da Silva J, Bouguetoch V, Marquès MA, Velazquez A, Viguerie N, Tavernier G, Arner P, Rydén M, Langin D, Sioufi N, Nasser M, Cabou C, Najib S, Martinez LO. P2Y13 receptor deficiency favors adipose tissue lipolysis and worsens insulin resistance and fatty liver disease. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e175623. [PMID: 38470490 PMCID: PMC11141875 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.175623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Excessive lipolysis in white adipose tissue (WAT) leads to insulin resistance (IR) and ectopic fat accumulation in insulin-sensitive tissues. However, the impact of Gi-coupled receptors in restraining adipocyte lipolysis through inhibition of cAMP production remained poorly elucidated. Given that the Gi-coupled P2Y13 receptor (P2Y13-R) is a purinergic receptor expressed in WAT, we investigated its role in adipocyte lipolysis and its effect on IR and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). In humans, mRNA expression of P2Y13-R in WAT was negatively correlated to adipocyte lipolysis. In mice, adipocytes lacking P2Y13-R displayed higher intracellular cAMP levels, indicating impaired Gi signaling. Consistently, the absence of P2Y13-R was linked to increased lipolysis in adipocytes and WAT explants via hormone-sensitive lipase activation. Metabolic studies indicated that mice lacking P2Y13-R showed a greater susceptibility to diet-induced IR, systemic inflammation, and MASLD compared with their wild-type counterparts. Assays conducted on precision-cut liver slices exposed to WAT conditioned medium and on liver-specific P2Y13-R-knockdown mice suggested that P2Y13-R activity in WAT protects from hepatic steatosis, independently of liver P2Y13-R expression. In conclusion, our findings support the idea that targeting adipose P2Y13-R activity may represent a pharmacological strategy to prevent obesity-associated disorders, including type 2 diabetes and MASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaut Duparc
- LiMitAging, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), University of Toulouse, INSERM, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), UMR1297, Toulouse, France
| | - Emilia Gore
- LiMitAging, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), University of Toulouse, INSERM, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), UMR1297, Toulouse, France
| | - Guillaume Combes
- LiMitAging, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), University of Toulouse, INSERM, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), UMR1297, Toulouse, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire HealthAge, (IHU HealthAge), INSERM, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Diane Beuzelin
- LiMitAging, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), University of Toulouse, INSERM, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), UMR1297, Toulouse, France
- Lifesearch SAS, Toulouse, France
| | - Julie Pires Da Silva
- LiMitAging, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), University of Toulouse, INSERM, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), UMR1297, Toulouse, France
| | - Vanessa Bouguetoch
- LiMitAging, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), University of Toulouse, INSERM, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), UMR1297, Toulouse, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire HealthAge, (IHU HealthAge), INSERM, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
- Lifesearch SAS, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Ana Velazquez
- LiMitAging, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), University of Toulouse, INSERM, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), UMR1297, Toulouse, France
| | - Nathalie Viguerie
- MetaDiab, I2MC, University of Toulouse, INSERM, UPS, UMR1297, Toulouse, France
| | - Geneviève Tavernier
- MetaDiab, I2MC, University of Toulouse, INSERM, UPS, UMR1297, Toulouse, France
| | - Peter Arner
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Rydén
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dominique Langin
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire HealthAge, (IHU HealthAge), INSERM, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
- MetaDiab, I2MC, University of Toulouse, INSERM, UPS, UMR1297, Toulouse, France
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
| | - Nabil Sioufi
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire HealthAge, (IHU HealthAge), INSERM, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
- Lifesearch SAS, Toulouse, France
| | - Mohamad Nasser
- LiMitAging, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), University of Toulouse, INSERM, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), UMR1297, Toulouse, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire HealthAge, (IHU HealthAge), INSERM, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Cendrine Cabou
- LiMitAging, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), University of Toulouse, INSERM, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), UMR1297, Toulouse, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire HealthAge, (IHU HealthAge), INSERM, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Souad Najib
- LiMitAging, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), University of Toulouse, INSERM, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), UMR1297, Toulouse, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire HealthAge, (IHU HealthAge), INSERM, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurent O. Martinez
- LiMitAging, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), University of Toulouse, INSERM, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), UMR1297, Toulouse, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire HealthAge, (IHU HealthAge), INSERM, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
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Liang C, Murray S, Li Y, Lee R, Low A, Sasaki S, Chiang AWT, Lin WJ, Mathews J, Barnes W, Lewis NE. LipidSIM: Inferring mechanistic lipid biosynthesis perturbations from lipidomics with a flexible, low-parameter, Markov modeling framework. Metab Eng 2024; 82:110-122. [PMID: 38311182 PMCID: PMC11163374 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Lipid metabolism is a complex and dynamic system involving numerous enzymes at the junction of multiple metabolic pathways. Disruption of these pathways leads to systematic dyslipidemia, a hallmark of many pathological developments, such as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and diabetes. Recent advances in computational tools can provide insights into the dysregulation of lipid biosynthesis, but limitations remain due to the complexity of lipidomic data, limited knowledge of interactions among involved enzymes, and technical challenges in standardizing across different lipid types. Here, we present a low-parameter, biologically interpretable framework named Lipid Synthesis Investigative Markov model (LipidSIM), which models and predicts the source of perturbations in lipid biosynthesis from lipidomic data. LipidSIM achieves this by accounting for the interdependency between the lipid species via the lipid biosynthesis network and generates testable hypotheses regarding changes in lipid biosynthetic reactions. This feature allows the integration of lipidomics with other omics types, such as transcriptomics, to elucidate the direct driving mechanisms of altered lipidomes due to treatments or disease progression. To demonstrate the value of LipidSIM, we first applied it to hepatic lipidomics following Keap1 knockdown and found that changes in mRNA expression of the lipid pathways were consistent with the LipidSIM-predicted fluxes. Second, we used it to study lipidomic changes following intraperitoneal injection of CCl4 to induce fast NAFLD/NASH development and the progression of fibrosis and hepatic cancer. Finally, to show the power of LipidSIM for classifying samples with dyslipidemia, we used a Dgat2-knockdown study dataset. Thus, we show that as it demands no a priori knowledge of enzyme kinetics, LipidSIM is a valuable and intuitive framework for extracting biological insights from complex lipidomic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenguang Liang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Sue Murray
- Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Carlsbad, CA, 92010, USA
| | - Yang Li
- Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Carlsbad, CA, 92010, USA
| | - Richard Lee
- Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Carlsbad, CA, 92010, USA
| | - Audrey Low
- Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Carlsbad, CA, 92010, USA
| | - Shruti Sasaki
- Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Carlsbad, CA, 92010, USA
| | - Austin W T Chiang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Wen-Jen Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
| | - Joel Mathews
- Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Carlsbad, CA, 92010, USA
| | - Will Barnes
- Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Carlsbad, CA, 92010, USA
| | - Nathan E Lewis
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
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Kalopitas G, Mouskeftara T, Liapikos T, Arvanitakis K, Ioannidis A, Malandris K, Theocharidou E, Chourdakis M, Sinakos E, Gika H, Germanidis G. Plasma Lipids Profile in the Prediction of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis in Adults: A Case-Control Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12717. [PMID: 37628898 PMCID: PMC10454013 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) show significantly faster progress in the stages of fibrosis compared to those with non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) disease. The non-invasive diagnosis of NASH remains an unmet clinical need. Preliminary data have shown that sphingolipids, especially ceramides, fatty acids, and other lipid classes may be related to the presence of NASH and the histological activity of the disease. The aim of our study was to assess the association of certain plasma lipid classes, such as fatty acids, acylcarnitines, and ceramides, with the histopathological findings in patients with NASH. The study included three groups: patients with NASH (N = 12), NAFL (N = 10), and healthy [non non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)] controls (N = 15). Plasma samples were collected after 12 h of fasting, and targeted analyses for fatty acids, acylcarnitines, and ceramides were performed. Baseline clinical and demographic characteristics were collected. There was no significant difference in baseline characteristics across the three groups or between NAFL and NASH patients. Patients with NASH had increased levels of several fatty acids, including, among others, fatty acid (FA) 14:0, FA 15:0, FA 18:0, FA 18:3n3, as well as Cer(d18:1/16:0), compared to NAFL patients and healthy controls. No significant difference was found between NAFL patients and healthy controls. In conclusion, patients with NASH exhibited a distinctive plasma lipid profile that can differentiate them from NAFL patients and non-NAFLD populations. More data from larger cohorts are needed to validate these findings and examine possible implications for diagnostic and management strategies of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Kalopitas
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.K.); (K.A.)
- Basic and Translational Research Unit, Special Unit for Biomedical Research and Education, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social and Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Thomai Mouskeftara
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Department of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (T.M.); (H.G.)
- Biomic AUTh, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Balkan Center B1.4, 10th km Thessaloniki-Thermi Rd., 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Theodoros Liapikos
- Biomic AUTh, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Balkan Center B1.4, 10th km Thessaloniki-Thermi Rd., 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece;
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Arvanitakis
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.K.); (K.A.)
- Basic and Translational Research Unit, Special Unit for Biomedical Research and Education, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Aristeidis Ioannidis
- 1st Propedeutic Department of Surgery, AHEPA University Hospital of Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Konstantinos Malandris
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.M.); (E.T.)
| | - Eleni Theocharidou
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.M.); (E.T.)
| | - Michail Chourdakis
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social and Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Emmanouil Sinakos
- 4th Medical Department, Hippokratio Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Helen Gika
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Department of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (T.M.); (H.G.)
- Biomic AUTh, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Balkan Center B1.4, 10th km Thessaloniki-Thermi Rd., 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Georgios Germanidis
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.K.); (K.A.)
- Basic and Translational Research Unit, Special Unit for Biomedical Research and Education, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Li Y, Wang X, Zhang J, Zhang S, Jiao J. Applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in researches on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) : A systematic review. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2022; 23:387-400. [PMID: 34396467 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-021-09681-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most important causes of chronic liver disease in the world, it has been found that cardiovascular and renal risks and diseases are also highly prevalent in adults with NAFLD. Diagnosis and treatment of NAFLD face many challenges, although the medical science has been very developed. Efficiency, accuracy and individualization are the main goals to be solved. Evaluation of the severity of NAFLD involves a variety of clinical parameters, how to optimize non-invasive evaluation methods is a necessary issue that needs to be discussed in this field. Artificial intelligence (AI) has become increasingly widespread in healthcare applications, and it has been also brought many new insights into better analyzing chronic liver disease, including NAFLD. This paper reviewed AI related researches in NAFLD field published recently, summarized diagnostic models based on electronic health record and lab test, ultrasound and radio imaging, and liver histopathological data, described the application of therapeutic models in personalized lifestyle guidance and the development of drugs for NAFLD. In addition, we also analyzed present AI models in distinguishing healthy VS NAFLD/NASH, and fibrosis VS non-fibrosis in the evaluation of NAFLD progression. We hope to provide alternative directions for the future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifang Li
- Department of Gastroenterolgy & Hepatology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Xuetao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterolgy & Hepatology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterolgy & Hepatology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterolgy & Hepatology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Jian Jiao
- Department of Gastroenterolgy & Hepatology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China.
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Saraswathi V, Kumar N, Ai W, Gopal T, Bhatt S, Harris EN, Talmon GA, Desouza CV. Myristic Acid Supplementation Aggravates High Fat Diet-Induced Adipose Inflammation and Systemic Insulin Resistance in Mice. Biomolecules 2022; 12:739. [PMID: 35740864 PMCID: PMC9220168 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Saturated fatty acids (SFAs) are considered to be detrimental to human health. One of the SFAs, myristic acid (MA), is known to exert a hypercholesterolemic effect in mice as well as humans. However, its effects on altering adipose tissue (AT) inflammation and systemic insulin resistance (IR) in obesity are still unclear. Here, we sought to determine the effects of a high fat (HF) diet supplemented with MA on obesity-associated metabolic disorders in mice. Wild-type C57BL/6 mice were fed a HF diet in the presence or absence of 3% MA for 12 weeks. Plasma lipids, plasma adipokines, AT inflammation, systemic IR, glucose homeostasis, and hepatic steatosis were assessed. The body weight and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) mass were significantly higher in mice receiving the HF+MA diet compared to HF diet-fed controls. Plasma total cholesterol levels were marginally increased in HF+MA-fed mice compared to controls. Fasting blood glucose was comparable between HF and HF+MA-fed mice. Interestingly, the plasma insulin and HOMA-IR index, a measure of insulin resistance, were significantly higher in HF+MA-fed mice compared to HF controls. Macrophage and inflammatory markers were significantly elevated in the AT and AT-derived stromal vascular cells upon MA feeding. Moreover, the level of circulating resistin, an adipokine promoting insulin resistance, was significantly higher in HF+MA-fed mice compared with HF controls. The insulin tolerance test revealed that the IR was higher in mice receiving the MA supplementation compared to HF controls. Moreover, the glucose tolerance test showed impairment in systemic glucose homeostasis in MA-fed mice. Analyses of liver samples showed a trend towards an increase in liver TG upon MA feeding. However, markers of oxidative stress and inflammation were reduced in the liver of mice fed an MA diet compared to controls. Taken together, our data suggest that chronic administration of MA in diet exacerbates obesity-associated insulin resistance and this effect is mediated in part, via increased AT inflammation and increased secretion of resistin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viswanathan Saraswathi
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (N.K.); (W.A.); (T.G.); (S.B.); (C.V.D.)
- Research Service, VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Narendra Kumar
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (N.K.); (W.A.); (T.G.); (S.B.); (C.V.D.)
- Research Service, VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Weilun Ai
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (N.K.); (W.A.); (T.G.); (S.B.); (C.V.D.)
- Research Service, VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Thiyagarajan Gopal
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (N.K.); (W.A.); (T.G.); (S.B.); (C.V.D.)
- Research Service, VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Saumya Bhatt
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (N.K.); (W.A.); (T.G.); (S.B.); (C.V.D.)
- Research Service, VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Edward N. Harris
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA;
| | - Geoffrey A. Talmon
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Cyrus V. Desouza
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (N.K.); (W.A.); (T.G.); (S.B.); (C.V.D.)
- Research Service, VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
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7
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Age- and Diet-Dependent Changes in Hepatic Lipidomic Profiles of Phospholipids in Male Mice: Age Acceleration in Cyp2b-Null Mice. J Lipids 2022; 2022:7122738. [PMID: 35391786 PMCID: PMC8983274 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7122738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Increases in traditional serum lipid profiles are associated with obesity, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. Recent lipidomic analysis has indicated changes in serum lipidome profiles, especially in regard to specific phosphatidylcholines, associated with obesity. However, little work has evaluated murine hepatic liver lipidomic profiles nor compared these profiles across age, high-fat diet, or specific genotypes, in this case the lack of hepatic Cyp2b enzymes. In this study, the effects of age (9 months old), high-fat diet (4.5 months old), and the loss of three primarily hepatic xeno- and endobiotic metabolizing cytochrome P450 (Cyp) enzymes, Cyp2b9, Cyp2b10, and Cyp2b13 (Cyp2b-null mice), on the male murine hepatic lipidome were compared. Hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis show that age perturbs hepatic phospholipid profiles and serum lipid markers the most compared to young mice, followed by a high-fat diet and then loss of Cyp2b. Several lipid biomarkers such as PC/PE ratios, PE 38 : 6, and LPC concentrations indicate greater potential for NAFLD and hypertension with mixed effects in Cyp2b-null mice(less NAFLD and greater hypertension-associated markers). Lipid profiles from older mice contain greater total and n-6 fatty acids than normal diet (ND)-fed young mice; however, surprisingly, young Cyp2b-null mice contain high n-6 : n-3 ratios. Overall, the lack of Cyp2b typically enhanced adverse physiological parameters observed in the older (9 mo) mice with increased weight gain combined with a deteriorating cholesterol profile, but not necessarily all phospholipid profiles were adversely perturbed.
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8
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Zhi Y, Sun Y, Jiao Y, Pan C, Wu Z, Liu C, Su J, Zhou J, Shang D, Niu J, Hua R, Yin P. HR-MS Based Untargeted Lipidomics Reveals Characteristic Lipid Signatures of Wilson's Disease. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:754185. [PMID: 34880754 PMCID: PMC8645799 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.754185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: The diagnosis of Wilson's disease (WD) is challenging by clinical or genetic criteria. A typical early pathological change of WD is the increased liver lipid deposition and lowered serum triglyceride (TG). Therefore, the contents of serum lipids may provide evidence for screening of biomarkers for WD. Methods: 34 WD patients, 31 WD relatives, and 65 normal controls were enrolled in this study. Serum lipidomics data was acquired by an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry system, and the data were analyzed by multivariate statistical methods. Results: Of all 510 identified lipids, there are 297 differential lipids between the WD and controls, 378 differential lipids between the relatives and controls, and 119 differential lipids between the patients and relatives. In WD, the abundances of most saturated TG were increased, whereas other unsaturated lipids decreased, including phosphatidylcholine (PC), sphingomyelin (SM), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), ceramide (Cer), and phosphatidylserine (PS). We also found many serum lipid species may be used as biomarkers for WD. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of PS (35:0), PS (38:5), and PS (34:0) were 0.919, 0.843, and 0.907. The AUCs of TG (38:0) and CerG1 (d42:2) were 0.948 and 0.915 and the AUCs of LPC (17:0) and LPC (15:0) were 0.980 and 0.960, respectively. The lipid biomarker panel exhibits good diagnostic performance for WD. The correlation networks were built among the different groups and the potential mechanisms of differential lipids were discussed. Interestingly, similar lipid profile of WD is also found in their relatives, which indicated the changes may also related to the mutation of the ATP7B gene. Conclusions: Lipid deregulation is another important hallmark of WD besides the deposition of copper. Our lipidomic results provide new insights into the diagnostic and therapeutic targets of WD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiao Zhi
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yujiao Sun
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yonggeng Jiao
- Department of Anesthesiology Jilin Province FAW General Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Chen Pan
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zeming Wu
- iPhenome biotechnology Inc. Dalian (Yun Pu Kang), Dalian, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jie Su
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dong Shang
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Junqi Niu
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Rui Hua
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Peiyuan Yin
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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9
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Rios RS, Zheng KI, Zheng MH. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. Chin Med J (Engl) 2021; 134:2911-2921. [PMID: 34855640 PMCID: PMC8710331 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000001888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT The emergence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as the leading chronic liver disease worldwide raises some concerns. In particular, NAFLD is closely tied to sedentary lifestyle habits and associated with other metabolic diseases, such as obesity and diabetes. At the end of the disease spectrum, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) may progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), representing a serious health problem to modern society. Recently, an increasing number of HCC cases originating from this progressive disease spectrum have been identified, with different levels of severity and complications. Updating the current guidelines by placing a bigger focus on this emerging cause and highlighting some of its unique features is necessary. Since, the drivers of the disease are complex and multifactorial, in order to improve future outcomes, having a better understanding of NASH progression into HCC may be helpful. The risks that can promote disease progression and currently available management strategies employed to monitor and treat NASH-related HCC make up the bulk of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael S. Rios
- NAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Kenneth I. Zheng
- NAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Ming-Hua Zheng
- NAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
- Institute of Hepatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for The Development of Chronic Liver Disease in Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
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10
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Mazi TA, Borkowski K, Newman JW, Fiehn O, Bowlus CL, Sarkar S, Matsukuma K, Ali MR, Kieffer DA, Wan YJY, Stanhope KL, Havel PJ, Medici V. Ethnicity-specific alterations of plasma and hepatic lipidomic profiles are related to high NAFLD rate and severity in Hispanic Americans, a pilot study. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 172:490-502. [PMID: 34182070 PMCID: PMC8712226 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a progressive condition that includes steatosis (NAFL) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). In the U.S., Hispanics (HIS) are afflicted with NAFLD at a higher rate and severity compared to other ethnicities. To date, the mechanisms underlying this disparity have not been elucidated. In this pilot study, we compared untargeted plasma metabolomic profiles for primary metabolism, complex lipids, choline and related compounds between a group of HIS (n = 7) and White Caucasian (CAU, n = 8) subjects with obesity and biopsy-characterized NAFL to ethnicity-matched lean healthy controls (n = 14 HIS and 8 CAU). We also compared liver and plasma metabolomic profiles in a group of HIS and CAU subjects with obesity and NASH of comparable NAFLD Activity Scores, to BMI-matched NASH-free subjects in both ethnicities. Results highlight signs of metabolic dysregulation observed in HIS, independent of obesity, including higher plasma triglycerides, acylcarnitines, and free fatty acids. With NASH progression, there were ethnicity-related differences in the hepatic profile, including higher free fatty acids and lysophospholipids seen in HIS, suggesting lipotoxicity is involved in the progression of NASH. We also observed greater hepatic triglyceride content, higher plasma triglyceride concentrations and lower hepatic phospholipids with signs of impaired hepatic mitochondrial β-oxidation. These findings provide preliminary evidence indicating ethnicity-related variations that could potentially modulate the risk for progression of NALD to NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tagreed A Mazi
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, 3135 Meyer Hall, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA; Department of Community Health Sciences-Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Kamil Borkowski
- West Coast Metabolomic Center, Genome Center, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - John W Newman
- West Coast Metabolomic Center, Genome Center, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA; United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service-Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA, 95616, USA; Department of Nutrition, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Oliver Fiehn
- West Coast Metabolomic Center, Genome Center, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Christopher L Bowlus
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California Davis, 4150 V Street, Suite 3500 Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Souvik Sarkar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California Davis, 4150 V Street, Suite 3500 Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Karen Matsukuma
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Mohamed R Ali
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis, 2221 Stockton Boulevard, Cypress Building, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Dorothy A Kieffer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California Davis, 4150 V Street, Suite 3500 Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Yu-Jui Y Wan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Kimber L Stanhope
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Peter J Havel
- Department of Nutrition, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA; Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Valentina Medici
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California Davis, 4150 V Street, Suite 3500 Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
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11
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Granados JC, Nigam AK, Bush KT, Jamshidi N, Nigam SK. A key role for the transporter OAT1 in systemic lipid metabolism. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100603. [PMID: 33785360 PMCID: PMC8102404 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Organic anion transporter 1 (OAT1/SLC22A6) is a drug transporter with numerous xenobiotic and endogenous substrates. The Remote Sensing and Signaling Theory suggests that drug transporters with compatible ligand preferences can play a role in “organ crosstalk,” mediating overall organismal communication. Other drug transporters are well known to transport lipids, but surprisingly little is known about the role of OAT1 in lipid metabolism. To explore this subject, we constructed a genome-scale metabolic model using omics data from the Oat1 knockout mouse. The model implicated OAT1 in the regulation of many classes of lipids, including fatty acids, bile acids, and prostaglandins. Accordingly, serum metabolomics of Oat1 knockout mice revealed increased polyunsaturated fatty acids, diacylglycerols, and long-chain fatty acids and decreased ceramides and bile acids when compared with wildtype controls. Some aged knockout mice also displayed increased lipid droplets in the liver when compared with wildtype mice. Chemoinformatics and machine learning analyses of these altered lipids defined molecular properties that form the structural basis for lipid-transporter interactions, including the number of rings, positive charge/volume, and complexity of the lipids. Finally, we obtained targeted serum metabolomics data after short-term treatment of rodents with the OAT-inhibiting drug probenecid to identify potential drug–metabolite interactions. The treatment resulted in alterations in eicosanoids and fatty acids, further supporting our metabolic reconstruction predictions. Consistent with the Remote Sensing and Signaling Theory, the data support a role of OAT1 in systemic lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffry C Granados
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Anisha K Nigam
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Kevin T Bush
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Neema Jamshidi
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Sanjay K Nigam
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
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12
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Ramai D, Tai W, Rivera M, Facciorusso A, Tartaglia N, Pacilli M, Ambrosi A, Cotsoglou C, Sacco R. Natural Progression of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis to Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9020184. [PMID: 33673113 PMCID: PMC7918599 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a chronic and progressive form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Its global incidence is increasing which makes NASH an epidemic and a public health threat. Due to repeated insults to the liver, patients are at risk for developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The progression of NASH to HCC was initially defined according to a two-hit model which involved the development of steatosis, followed by lipid peroxidation and inflammation. However, current research defines a “multi-hit” or “multi-parallel hit” model which synthesizes several contributing pathways involved in progressive fibrosis and oncogenesis. This perspective considers the effects of cellular, genetic, immunologic, metabolic, and endocrine pathways leading up to HCC which underscores the complexity of this condition. This article will provide an updated review of the pathogenic mechanisms leading from NASH to HCC as well as an exploration of the role of biomarkers and screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daryl Ramai
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Brooklyn Hospital Center, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA; (D.R.); (W.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Waqqas Tai
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Brooklyn Hospital Center, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA; (D.R.); (W.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Michelle Rivera
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Brooklyn Hospital Center, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA; (D.R.); (W.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Antonio Facciorusso
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Nicola Tartaglia
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (N.T.); (M.P.); (A.A.)
| | - Mario Pacilli
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (N.T.); (M.P.); (A.A.)
| | - Antonio Ambrosi
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (N.T.); (M.P.); (A.A.)
| | - Christian Cotsoglou
- General Surgey Unit, Department of Surgery, ASST-Vimercate, 20871 Vimercate, Italy;
| | - Rodolfo Sacco
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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13
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Oliveira DT, Chaves-Filho AB, Yoshinaga MY, Paiva NCN, Carneiro CM, Miyamoto S, Festuccia WT, Guerra-Sá R. Liver lipidome signature and metabolic pathways in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease induced by a high-sugar diet. J Nutr Biochem 2021; 87:108519. [PMID: 33017610 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dietary sugar is an important determinant of the development and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the deleterious effects of sugar intake on NAFLD under energy-balanced conditions are still poorly understood. Here, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the liver lipidome and mechanistic insights into the pathogenesis of NAFLD induced by the chronic consumption of high-sugar diet (HSD). Newly weaned male Wistar rats were fed either a standard chow diet or an isocaloric HSD for 18 weeks. Livers were harvested for histological, oxidative stress, gene expression, and lipidomic analyses. Intake of HSD increased oxidative stress and induced severe liver injury, microvesicular steatosis, and ballooning degeneration of hepatocytes. Using untargeted lipidomics, we identified and quantified 362 lipid species in the liver. Rats fed with HSD displayed increased hepatic levels of triacylglycerol enriched in saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, lipids related to mitochondrial function/structure (phosphatidylglycerol, cardiolipin, and ubiquinone), and acylcarnitine (an intermediate lipid of fatty acid beta-oxidation). HSD-fed animals also presented increased levels of some species of membrane lipids and a decreased content of phospholipids containing omega-6 fatty acids. These changes in the lipidome were associated with the downregulation of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation in the liver. In conclusion, our data suggest that the chronic intake of a HSD, even under isocaloric conditions, induces lipid overload, and inefficient/impaired fatty acid oxidation in the liver. Such events lead to marked disturbance in hepatic lipid metabolism and the development of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiane T Oliveira
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil.
| | - Adriano B Chaves-Filho
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Molecular e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil.
| | - Marcos Y Yoshinaga
- Laboratório de Lipídeos Modificados, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil.
| | - Nívia Carolina N Paiva
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil.
| | - Cláudia M Carneiro
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil.
| | - Sayuri Miyamoto
- Laboratório de Lipídeos Modificados, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil.
| | - William T Festuccia
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Molecular e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil.
| | - Renata Guerra-Sá
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil.
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14
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Igreja Sá IC, Tripska K, Hroch M, Hyspler R, Ticha A, Lastuvkova H, Schreiberova J, Dolezelova E, Eissazadeh S, Vitverova B, Najmanova I, Vasinova M, Pericacho M, Micuda S, Nachtigal P. Soluble Endoglin as a Potential Biomarker of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) Development, Participating in Aggravation of NASH-Related Changes in Mouse Liver. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9021. [PMID: 33261044 PMCID: PMC7731045 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is characterized by hepatic steatosis with inflammation and fibrosis. Membrane endoglin (Eng) expression is shown to participate in fibrosis, and plasma concentrations of soluble endoglin (sEng) are increased in patients with hypercholesterolemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus. We hypothesize that NASH increases both hepatic Eng expression and sEng in blood and that high levels of sEng modulate cholesterol and bile acid (BA) metabolism and affect NASH progression. Three-month-old transgenic male mice overexpressing human sEng and their wild type littermates are fed for six months with either a high-saturated fat, high-fructose high-cholesterol (FFC) diet or a chow diet. Evaluation of NASH, Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS) analysis of BA, hepatic expression of Eng, inflammation, fibrosis markers, enzymes and transporters involved in hepatic cholesterol and BA metabolism are assessed using Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. The FFC diet significantly increases mouse sEng levels and increases hepatic expression of Eng. High levels of human sEng results in increased hepatic deposition of cholesterol due to reduced conversion into BA, as well as redirects the metabolism of triglycerides (TAG) to its accumulation in the liver, via reduced TAG elimination by β-oxidation combined with reduced hepatic efflux. We propose that sEng might be a biomarker of NASH development, and the presence of high levels of sEng might support NASH aggravation by impairing the essential defensive mechanism protecting NASH liver against excessive TAG and cholesterol accumulation, suggesting the importance of high sEng levels in patients prone to develop NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivone Cristina Igreja Sá
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (I.C.I.S.); (K.T.); (S.E.); (B.V.); (I.N.); (M.V.)
| | - Katarina Tripska
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (I.C.I.S.); (K.T.); (S.E.); (B.V.); (I.N.); (M.V.)
| | - Milos Hroch
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Radomir Hyspler
- Centrum for Research and Development University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (R.H.); (A.T.)
| | - Alena Ticha
- Centrum for Research and Development University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (R.H.); (A.T.)
| | - Hana Lastuvkova
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (H.L.); (J.S.); (E.D.)
| | - Jolana Schreiberova
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (H.L.); (J.S.); (E.D.)
| | - Eva Dolezelova
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (H.L.); (J.S.); (E.D.)
| | - Samira Eissazadeh
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (I.C.I.S.); (K.T.); (S.E.); (B.V.); (I.N.); (M.V.)
| | - Barbora Vitverova
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (I.C.I.S.); (K.T.); (S.E.); (B.V.); (I.N.); (M.V.)
| | - Iveta Najmanova
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (I.C.I.S.); (K.T.); (S.E.); (B.V.); (I.N.); (M.V.)
| | - Martina Vasinova
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (I.C.I.S.); (K.T.); (S.E.); (B.V.); (I.N.); (M.V.)
| | - Miguel Pericacho
- Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca and Renal and Cardiovascular Physiopathology Unit, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca, 370 06 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - Stanislav Micuda
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (H.L.); (J.S.); (E.D.)
| | - Petr Nachtigal
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (I.C.I.S.); (K.T.); (S.E.); (B.V.); (I.N.); (M.V.)
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15
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Perakakis N, Stefanakis K, Mantzoros CS. The role of omics in the pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Metabolism 2020; 111S:154320. [PMID: 32712221 PMCID: PMC7377759 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a multifaceted metabolic disorder, whose spectrum covers clinical, histological and pathophysiological developments ranging from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and liver fibrosis, potentially evolving into cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma and liver failure. Liver biopsy remains the gold standard for diagnosing NAFLD, while there are no specific treatments. An ever-increasing number of high-throughput Omics investigations on the molecular pathobiology of NAFLD at the cellular, tissue and system levels produce comprehensive biochemical patient snapshots. In the clinical setting, these applications are considerably enhancing our efforts towards obtaining a holistic insight on NAFLD pathophysiology. Omics are also generating non-invasive diagnostic modalities for the distinct stages of NAFLD, that remain though to be validated in multiple, large, heterogenous and independent cohorts, both cross-sectionally as well as prospectively. Finally, they aid in developing novel therapies. By tracing the flow of information from genomics to epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics and glycomics, the chief contributions of these techniques in understanding, diagnosing and treating NAFLD are summarized herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Perakakis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Boston VA Healthcare system and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA..
| | - Konstantinos Stefanakis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Boston VA Healthcare system and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Christos S Mantzoros
- Department of Internal Medicine, Boston VA Healthcare system and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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16
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Rescue of Hepatic Phospholipid Remodeling Defectin iPLA2β-Null Mice Attenuates Obese but Not Non-Obese Fatty Liver. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10091332. [PMID: 32957701 PMCID: PMC7565968 DOI: 10.3390/biom10091332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymorphisms of group VIA calcium-independent phospholipase A2 (iPLA2β or PLA2G6) are positively associated with adiposity, blood lipids, and Type-2 diabetes. The ubiquitously expressed iPLA2β catalyzes the hydrolysis of phospholipids (PLs) to generate a fatty acid and a lysoPL. We studied the role of iPLA2β on PL metabolism in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). By using global deletion iPLA2β-null mice, we investigated three NAFLD mouse models; genetic Ob/Ob and long-term high-fat-diet (HFD) feeding (representing obese NAFLD) as well as feeding with methionine- and choline-deficient (MCD) diet (representing non-obese NAFLD). A decrease of hepatic PLs containing monounsaturated- and polyunsaturated fatty acids and a decrease of the ratio between PLs and cholesterol esters were observed in all three NAFLD models. iPLA2β deficiency rescued these decreases in obese, but not in non-obese, NAFLD models. iPLA2β deficiency elicited protection against fatty liver and obesity in the order of Ob/Ob › HFD » MCD. Liver inflammation was not protected in HFD NAFLD, and that liver fibrosis was even exaggerated in non-obese MCD model. Thus, the rescue of hepatic PL remodeling defect observed in iPLA2β-null mice was critical for the protection against NAFLD and obesity. However, iPLA2β deletion in specific cell types such as macrophages may render liver inflammation and fibrosis, independent of steatosis protection.
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Pseurotin A as a novel suppressor of hormone dependent breast cancer progression and recurrence by inhibiting PCSK9 secretion and interaction with LDL receptor. Pharmacol Res 2020; 158:104847. [PMID: 32438039 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia has been documented to drive hormone-dependent breast cancer (BC) progression and resistance to hormonal therapy. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type-9 (PCSK9) regulates cholesterol metabolism through binding to LDL receptor (LDLR) and targeting the receptor for lysosomal degradation. Inhibition of PCSK9 is an established strategy to treat hypercholesterolemia. Pseurotin A (PS) is a unique spiro-heterocyclic γ-lactam alkaloid isolated from the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus. Preliminary studies indicated that PS lowered PCSK9 secretion in cultured HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells, with an IC50 value of 1.20 μM. Docking studies suggested the ability of PS to bind at the PCSK9 narrow interface pocket that accommodates LDLR. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) showed PS ability to inhibit the PCSK9-LDLR interaction at a concentration range of 10-150 μM. PS showed in vitro dose-dependent reduction of PCSK9, along with increased LDLR levels in hormone-dependent BT-474 and T47D breast cancer (BC) cell lines. In vivo, daily oral 10 mg/kg PS suppressed the progression of the hormone-dependent BT-474 BC cells in orthotopic nude mouse xenograft model. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) investigation of BT-474 breast tumor tissue proved the PS ability to reduce PCSK9 expression. PS also effectively suppressed BT-474 BC cells locoregional recurrence after primary tumor surgical excision. Western blot analysis showed decreased PCSK9 expression in liver tissues of PS-treated mice compared to vehicle-treated control group. PS treatment significantly reduced PCSK9 expression and normalized LDLR levels in collected primary and recurrent breast tumors at the study end. PS-treated mice showed reduced plasma cholesterol and 17β-estradiol levels. Inhibition of tumor recurrence was associated with significant reductions in plasma level of the human BC recurrence marker CA 15-3 in treated mice at the study end. Histopathological examination of various PS-treated mice organs indicated lack of metastatic tumor cells and any pathological changes. The results of this study provide the first evidence for the suppression of the hormone-dependent breast tumor progression and recurrence by targeting the PCSK9-LDLR axis. PS is a novel first-in-class PCSK9-targeting lead appropriate for the use to control hormone-dependent BC progression and recurrence.
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Maternal diet intervention before pregnancy primes offspring lipid metabolism in liver. J Transl Med 2020; 100:553-569. [PMID: 31748681 PMCID: PMC7102928 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-019-0344-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has a developmental origin and is influenced in utero. We aimed to evaluate if maternal diet intervention before pregnancy would be beneficial to reduce the risk of offspring NAFLD. In our study, female mice were either on a normal-fat diet (NF group), or a high-fat diet for 12 weeks and continued on this diet throughout pregnancy and lactation (HF group), or switched from HF-to-NF diet 1 week (H1N group), or 9 weeks (H9N group) before pregnancy. Compared with the NF offspring, the H1N and HF, but not the H9N offspring, displayed more severe hepatic steatosis and glucose intolerance. More specifically, an abnormal blood lipid panel was seen in the H1N offspring and abnormal hepatic free fatty acid composition was present in both the HF and H1N offspring, while the H9N offspring displayed both at normal levels. These physiological changes were associated with desensitized hepatic insulin/AKT signaling, increased expression of genes and proteins for de novo lipogenesis and cholesterol synthesis, decreased expression of genes and proteins for fatty acid oxidation, increased Pcsk9 expression, and hypoactivation of 5' AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling in the HF and H1N offspring. However, these effects were completely or partially rescued in the H9N offspring. In summary, we found that early maternal diet intervention is effective in reducing the risk of offspring NAFLD caused by maternal HF diet. These findings provide significant support to develop effective diet intervention strategies and policies for prevention of obesity and NAFLD to promote optimal health outcomes for mothers and children.
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A Pilot Study of Serum Sphingomyelin Dynamics in Subjects with Severe Obesity and Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis after Sleeve Gastrectomy. Obes Surg 2020; 29:983-989. [PMID: 30488259 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-018-3612-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is present in a high percentage of obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery. A significant proportion of patients still present NASH even after considerable weight loss and metabolic improvements after surgery. OBJECTIVE To determine whether the changes in the serum lipidome after sleeve gastrectomy could be used to discriminate obese patients with NASH patients to those with non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL). METHODS This study involved 24 patients with grade 3 obesity diagnosed with either NAFL (n = 8) or NASH (n = 16) using the non-invasive OWLiver assay. All patients suffering from NASH were re-evaluated 6 months after bariatric surgery using the OWLiver test to confirm NASH resolution. Serum lipid extracts were assessed at baseline and 6 months post surgery and were analyzed in an ultra-performance liquid chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-TOF-MS)-based platform. RESULTS Lipidomic analysis revealed a differential sphingomyelin profile in patients with NASH resolution after sleeve gastrectomy. Certain serum sphingomyelin species were significantly higher at baseline in NASH patients in comparison to those with NAFL. Sphingomyelin profile of subjects with NASH resolution was similar to that for obese subjects with NAFL before bariatric surgery. CONCLUSION Our study indicates that the serum sphingomyelin levels could be related to the status of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and that certain sphingomyelin species may be used for the follow-up of obese patients with NASH after sleeve gastrectomy.
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Qian M, Hu H, Yao Y, Zhao D, Wang S, Pan C, Duan X, Gao Y, Liu J, Zhang Y, Yang S, Qi LW, Wang L. Coordinated changes of gut microbiome and lipidome differentiates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) from isolated steatosis. Liver Int 2020; 40:622-637. [PMID: 31782595 DOI: 10.1111/liv.14316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease encompasses isolated steatosis or nonalcoholic fatty liver and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). NASH develops from isolated steatosis with obscure driving forces. We aim to identify key factors promoting this transition. METHODS Following 21-week of high-fat diet feeding, obese mice were classified into two groups termed as isolated steatosis and NASH based on hematoxylin-eosin staining of liver histology. The integrated multi-omics analysis of lipidome, transcriptome and gut microbiome were performed in mice with isolated steatosis and NASH, and confirmed in human samples. RESULTS Livers in mice with NASH lost most lipids, and the transcriptional landscape was also changed dramatically in mice with NASH in relative to mice with isolated steatosis. Plasma lipidome analysis demonstrated a very clear difference between these two groups of mice, which was partially recapitulated in serum of patients with isolated steatosis and NASH. The microbiota composition revealed that Bacteroides genus and Bacteroides uniformis species decreased while Mucispirillum genus and Mucispirillum schaedleri species increased largely in mice with NASH. More importantly, we found that Bacteroides uniformis correlated positively with triglycerides (TGs) and negatively with free fatty acids (FFAs) and PE(18:1/20:4), while Mucispirillum schaedleri correlated positively with FFAs, LysoPC(20:3), LysoPC(20:4) and DG(16:1/18:2). Mechanically, administration of Bacteroides uniformis increased specific TGs, and decreased hepatic injury and inflammation in diet-induced mice. CONCLUSIONS Overall, through multi-omics integration, we identified a microbiota-lipid axis promoting the initiation of NASH from isolated steatosis, which might provide a novel perspective on NASH pathogenesis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyi Qian
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiyang Hu
- School of life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Yao
- School of Basic Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Danyang Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shilei Wang
- Clinical Metabolomics Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuyue Pan
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xubin Duan
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingsheng Gao
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Liu
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yufei Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Song Yang
- Department of Hepatology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Lian-Wen Qi
- Clinical Metabolomics Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lirui Wang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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21
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Desterke C, Chiappini F. Lipid Related Genes Altered in NASH Connect Inflammation in Liver Pathogenesis Progression to HCC: A Canonical Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225594. [PMID: 31717414 PMCID: PMC6888337 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is becoming a public health problem worldwide. While the number of research studies on NASH progression rises every year, sometime their findings are controversial. To identify the most important and commonly described findings related to NASH progression, we used an original bioinformatics, integrative, text-mining approach that combines PubMed database querying and available gene expression omnibus dataset. We have identified a signature of 25 genes that are commonly found to be dysregulated during steatosis progression to NASH and cancer. These genes are implicated in lipid metabolism, insulin resistance, inflammation, and cancer. They are functionally connected, forming the basis necessary for steatosis progression to NASH and further progression to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We also show that five of the identified genes have genome alterations present in HCC patients. The patients with these genes associated to genome alteration are associated with a poor prognosis. In conclusion, using an integrative literature- and data-mining approach, we have identified and described a canonical pathway underlying progression of NASH. Other parameters (e.g., polymorphisms) can be added to this pathway that also contribute to the progression of the disease to cancer. This work improved our understanding of the molecular basis of NASH progression and will help to develop new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Franck Chiappini
- Laboratoire Croissance, Régénération, Réparation et Régénération Tissulaires (CRRET)/ EAC CNRS 7149, Univ Paris-Est Créteil (UPEC), F-94010 Créteil, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-(0)1-45177080; Fax: +33-(0)1-45171816
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Ruiz M, Cuillerier A, Daneault C, Deschênes S, Frayne IR, Bouchard B, Forest A, Legault JT, Vaz FM, Rioux JD, Burelle Y, Des Rosiers C. Lipidomics unveils lipid dyshomeostasis and low circulating plasmalogens as biomarkers in a monogenic mitochondrial disorder. JCI Insight 2019; 4:123231. [PMID: 31341105 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.123231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction characterizes many rare and common age-associated diseases. The biochemical consequences, underlying clinical manifestations, and potential therapeutic targets, remain to be better understood. We tested the hypothesis that lipid dyshomeostasis in mitochondrial disorders goes beyond mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation, particularly in liver. This was achieved using comprehensive untargeted and targeted lipidomics in a case-control cohort of patients with Leigh syndrome French-Canadian variant (LSFC), a mitochondrial disease caused by mutations in LRPPRC, and in mice harboring liver-specific inactivation of Lrpprc (H-Lrpprc-/-). We discovered a plasma lipid signature discriminating LSFC patients from controls encompassing lower levels of plasmalogens and conjugated bile acids, which suggest perturbations in peroxisomal lipid metabolism. This premise was reinforced in H-Lrpprc-/- mice, which compared with littermates recapitulated a similar, albeit stronger peroxisomal metabolic signature in plasma and liver including elevated levels of very-long-chain acylcarnitines. These mice also presented higher transcript levels for hepatic markers of peroxisome proliferation in addition to lipid remodeling reminiscent of nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases. Our study underscores the value of lipidomics to unveil unexpected mechanisms underlying lipid dyshomeostasis ensuing from mitochondrial dysfunction herein implying peroxisomes and liver, which likely contribute to the pathophysiology of LSFC, but also other rare and common mitochondrial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Ruiz
- Department of Nutrition and.,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alexanne Cuillerier
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Sonia Deschênes
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | - Anik Forest
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | - Frederic M Vaz
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Meibergdreef, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - John D Rioux
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yan Burelle
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christine Des Rosiers
- Department of Nutrition and.,Montreal Heart Institute Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Abshagen K, Mense L, Fischer F, Liebig M, Schaeper U, Navarro G, Glass Ä, Frank M, Klöting N, Vollmar B. Repin1 deficiency in liver tissue alleviates NAFLD progression in mice. J Adv Res 2019; 16:99-111. [PMID: 30899593 PMCID: PMC6413308 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome, which promote the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a disease that can evolve into cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Repin1 loss was previously shown to have beneficial effects on lipid and glucose metabolism and obesity regulation. Herein, we characterized NAFLD in mice with hepatic deletion of Repin1 (LRep1-/-). For this purpose, liver disease was analysed in male LRep1-/- and wild-type mice treated with streptozotocin/high fat diet or a control diet over a period of 20 wks. Streptozotocin/high fat diet treated LRep1-/- mice showed a significant decrease in systemic and hepatic lipid accumulation, accompanied by diminished chronic inflammation and a subsequent reduction in liver injury. Remarkably, Repin1-deficient mice exhibited a lower tumour prevalence and tumour frequency, as well as a reduced liver weight/body weight index. A therapeutic approach using Repin1 siRNA in the early phase of NAFLD verified the observed beneficial effects of Repin1 deficiency. This study provides evidence that loss of Repin1 in the liver attenuates NAFLD progression, most likely by reducing fat accumulation and alleviating chronic tissue inflammation. Thus, modulating Repin1 expression may become a novel strategy and potential tool to inhibit NAFLD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Abshagen
- Rudolf-Zenker-Institute for Experimental Surgery, University Medicine Rostock, Schillingallee 69a, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Lars Mense
- Rudolf-Zenker-Institute for Experimental Surgery, University Medicine Rostock, Schillingallee 69a, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Felix Fischer
- Rudolf-Zenker-Institute for Experimental Surgery, University Medicine Rostock, Schillingallee 69a, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Marie Liebig
- Rudolf-Zenker-Institute for Experimental Surgery, University Medicine Rostock, Schillingallee 69a, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Ute Schaeper
- Silence Therapeutics GmbH, Robert Rössle Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gemma Navarro
- Silence Therapeutics GmbH, Robert Rössle Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Änne Glass
- Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Ageing Research, University Medicine Rostock, Ernst-Heydemann-Straße 8, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Marcus Frank
- Medical Biology and Electron Microscopy Centre, University Medicine Rostock, Strempelstraße 14, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Nora Klöting
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center (IFB) AdiposityDiseases, University of Leipzig, Liebigstraße 19-21, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Brigitte Vollmar
- Rudolf-Zenker-Institute for Experimental Surgery, University Medicine Rostock, Schillingallee 69a, 18057 Rostock, Germany
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Chao Y, Gao S, Wang X, Li N, Zhao H, Wen X, Lou Z, Dong X. Untargeted lipidomics based on UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS and structural characterization reveals dramatic compositional changes in serum and renal lipids in mice with glyoxylate-induced nephrolithiasis. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1095:258-266. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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25
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Musso G, Cassader M, Paschetta E, Gambino R. Bioactive Lipid Species and Metabolic Pathways in Progression and Resolution of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. Gastroenterology 2018; 155:282-302.e8. [PMID: 29906416 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2018.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is increasing worldwide, yet there are no effective treatments. A decade has passed since the initial lipidomics analyses of liver tissues from patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. We have learned that liver cells from patients with NASH have an abnormal lipid composition and that the accumulation of lipids leads to organelle dysfunction, cell injury and death, and chronic inflammation, called lipotoxicity. We review the lipid species and metabolic pathways that contribute to the pathogenesis of NASH and potential therapeutic targets, including enzymes involved in fatty acid and triglyceride synthesis, bioactive sphingolipids and polyunsaturated-derived eicosanoids, and specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators. We discuss the concept that NASH is a disease that can resolve and the roles of lipid molecules in the resolution of inflammation and regression of fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maurizio Cassader
- Department of Medical Sciences, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Gambino
- Department of Medical Sciences, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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26
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Dual extraction of mRNA and lipids from a single biological sample. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7019. [PMID: 29728575 PMCID: PMC5935724 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25332-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The extraction of RNA and lipids from a large number of biological samples is time-consuming and costly with steps required for both transcriptomic and lipidomic approaches. Most protocols rely on independent extraction of nucleic acids and lipids from a single sample, thereby increasing the need for biological material and inducing variability in data analysis. We investigated whether it is possible to use a standard RNA extraction procedure to analyze not only RNA levels, but also lipids in a single liver sample. We show that the organic phase obtained when using standard reagents for RNA extraction can be used to analyze lipids, including neutral lipids and fatty acids, by gas chromatography. We applied this technique to an analysis of lipids and the associated gene expression pattern in mice with hepatic steatosis induced by pharmacological activation of nuclear receptor LXR.
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Farrell GC, Haczeyni F, Chitturi S. Pathogenesis of NASH: How Metabolic Complications of Overnutrition Favour Lipotoxicity and Pro-Inflammatory Fatty Liver Disease. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1061:19-44. [PMID: 29956204 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-8684-7_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Overnutrition, usually with obesity and genetic predisposition, lead to insulin resistance, which is an invariable accompaniment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The associated metabolic abnormalities, pre- or established diabetes, hypertension and atherogenic dyslipidemia (clustered as metabolic syndrome) tend to be worse for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), revealing it as part of a continuum of metabolic pathogenesis. The origins of hepatocellular injury and lobular inflammation which distinguish NASH from simple steatosis have intrigued investigators, but it is now widely accepted that NASH results from liver lipotoxicity. The key issue is not the quantity of liver fat but the type(s) of lipid molecules that accumulate, and how they are "packaged" to avoid subcellular injury. Possible lipotoxic mediators include free (unesterified) cholesterol, saturated free fatty acids, diacylglycerols, lysophosphatidyl-choline, sphingolipids and ceramide. Lipid droplets are intracellular storage organelles for non-structural lipid whose regulation is influenced by genetic polymorphisms, such as PNPLA3. Cells unable to sequester chemically reactive lipid molecules undergo mitochondrial injury, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy, all processes of interest for NASH pathogenesis. Lipotoxicity kills hepatocytes by apoptosis, a highly regulated, non-inflammatory form of cell death, but also by necrosis, necroptosis and pyroptosis; the latter involve mitochondrial injury, oxidative stress, activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and release of danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). DAMPs stimulate innate immunity by binding pattern recognition receptors, such as Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, which release a cascade of pro-inflammatory chemokines and cytokines. Thus, lipotoxic hepatocellular injury attracts inflammatory cells, particularly activated macrophages which surround ballooned hepatocytes as crown-like structures. In both experimental and human NASH, livers contain cholesterol crystals which are a second signal for NLRP3 activation; this causes interleukin (IL)-1β and IL18 secretion to attract and activate macrophages and neutrophils. Injured hepatocytes also liberate plasma membrane-derived extracellular vesicles; these have been shown to circulate in NASH and to be pro-inflammatory. The way metabolic dysfunction leads to lipotoxicity, innate immune responses and the resultant pattern of cellular inflammation in the liver are likely also relevant to hepatic fibrogenesis and hepatocarcinogenesis. Pinpointing the key molecules involved pharmacologically should eventually lead to effective pharmacotherapy against NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey C Farrell
- Australian National University Medical School, and Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, The Canberra Hospital, Woden, ACT, Australia.
| | - Fahrettin Haczeyni
- Australian National University Medical School, and Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, The Canberra Hospital, Woden, ACT, Australia
| | - Shivakumar Chitturi
- Australian National University Medical School, and Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, The Canberra Hospital, Woden, ACT, Australia
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Bellanti F, Villani R, Facciorusso A, Vendemiale G, Serviddio G. Lipid oxidation products in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 111:173-185. [PMID: 28109892 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the major public health challenge for hepatologists in the twenty-first century. NAFLD comprises a histological spectrum ranging from simple steatosis or fatty liver, to steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. It can be categorized into two principal phenotypes: (1) non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL), and (2) non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The mechanisms of NAFLD progression consist of lipid homeostasis alterations, redox unbalance, insulin resistance, and inflammation in the liver. Even though several studies show an association between the levels of lipid oxidation products and disease state, experimental evidence suggests that compounds such as reactive aldehydes and cholesterol oxidation products, in addition to representing hallmarks of hepatic oxidative damage, may behave as active players in liver dysfunction and the development of NAFLD. This review summarizes the processes that contribute to the metabolic alterations occurring in fatty liver that produce fatty acid and cholesterol oxidation products in NAFLD, with a focus on inflammation, the control of insulin signalling, and the transcription factors involved in lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bellanti
- C.U.R.E. Centre for Liver Diseases Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia 71122, Italy
| | - Rosanna Villani
- C.U.R.E. Centre for Liver Diseases Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia 71122, Italy
| | - Antonio Facciorusso
- C.U.R.E. Centre for Liver Diseases Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia 71122, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Vendemiale
- C.U.R.E. Centre for Liver Diseases Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia 71122, Italy
| | - Gaetano Serviddio
- C.U.R.E. Centre for Liver Diseases Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia 71122, Italy.
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29
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Cano A, Mariño Z, Millet O, Martínez-Arranz I, Navasa M, Falcón-Pérez JM, Pérez-Cormenzana M, Caballería J, Embade N, Forns X, Bosch J, Castro A, Mato JM. A Metabolomics Signature Linked To Liver Fibrosis In The Serum Of Transplanted Hepatitis C Patients. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10497. [PMID: 28874799 PMCID: PMC5585246 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10807-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis must be evaluated in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) after liver transplantation because its severity affects their prognosis and the recurrence of HCV. Since invasive biopsy is still the gold standard to identify patients at risk of graft loss from rapid fibrosis progression, it becomes crucial the development of new accurate, non-invasive methods that allow repetitive examination of the patients. Therefore, we have developed a non-invasive, accurate model to distinguish those patients with different liver fibrosis stages. Two hundred and three patients with HCV were histologically classified (METAVIR) into five categories of fibrosis one year after liver transplantation. In this cross-sectional study, patients at fibrosis stages F0-F1 (n = 134) were categorised as “slow fibrosers” and F2-F4 (n = 69) as “rapid fibrosers”. Chloroform/methanol serum extracts were analysed by reverse ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. A diagnostic model was built through linear discriminant analyses. An algorithm consisting of two sphingomyelins and two phosphatidylcholines accurately classifies rapid and slow fibrosers after transplantation. The proposed model yielded an AUROC of 0.92, 71% sensitivity, 85% specificity, and 84% accuracy. Moreover, specific bile acids and sphingomyelins increased notably along with liver fibrosis severity, differentiating between rapid and slow fibrosers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainara Cano
- OWL, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Derio, 48160, Bizkaia, Spain.
| | - Zoe Mariño
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd); Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oscar Millet
- Metabolomic Unit, CIC bioGUNE, CIBERehd, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Derio, 48160, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain
| | | | - Miquel Navasa
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd); Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Falcón-Pérez
- Metabolomic Unit, CIC bioGUNE, CIBERehd, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Derio, 48160, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain
| | | | - Joan Caballería
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd); Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nieves Embade
- Metabolomic Unit, CIC bioGUNE, CIBERehd, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Derio, 48160, Spain
| | - Xavier Forns
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd); Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Bosch
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd); Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Azucena Castro
- OWL, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Derio, 48160, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - José María Mato
- Metabolomic Unit, CIC bioGUNE, CIBERehd, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Derio, 48160, Spain
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30
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Nicholls HT, Hornick JL, Cohen DE. Phosphatidylcholine transfer protein/StarD2 promotes microvesicular steatosis and liver injury in murine experimental steatohepatitis. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2017; 313:G50-G61. [PMID: 28385694 PMCID: PMC5538832 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00379.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Mice fed a methionine- and choline-deficient (MCD) diet develop steatohepatitis that recapitulates key features of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in humans. Phosphatidylcholine is the most abundant phospholipid in the surfactant monolayer that coats and stabilizes lipid droplets within cells, and choline is required for its major biosynthetic pathway. Phosphatidylcholine-transfer protein (PC-TP), which exchanges phosphatidylcholines among membranes, is enriched in hepatocytes. PC-TP also regulates fatty acid metabolism through interactions with thioesterase superfamily member 2. We investigated the contribution of PC-TP to steatohepatitis induced by the MCD diet. Pctp-/- and wild-type control mice were fed the MCD diet for 5 wk and were then euthanized for histopathologic and biochemical analyses, as well as determinations of mRNA and protein expression. Whereas all mice developed steatohepatitis, plasma alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities were only elevated in wild-type mice, indicating that Pctp-/- mice were protected from MCD diet-induced hepatocellular injury. Reduced hepatotoxicity due to the MCD diet in the absence of PC-TP expression was further evidenced by decreased activation of c-Jun and reduced plasma concentrations of fibroblast growth factor 21. Despite similar total hepatic concentrations of phosphatidylcholines and other lipids, the relative abundance of microvesicular lipid droplets within hepatocytes was reduced in Pctp-/- mice. Considering that the formation of larger lipid droplets may serve to protect against lipotoxicity in NASH, our findings suggest a pathogenic role for PC-TP that could be targeted in the management of this condition.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Phosphatidylcholine-transfer protein (PC-TP) is a highly specific phosphatidylcholine-binding protein that we previously showed to regulate hepatocellular nutrient metabolism through its interacting partner thioesterase superfamily member 2 (Them2). This study identifies a pathogenic role for PC-TP, independent of Them2, in the methionine- and choline-deficient diet model of experimental steatohepatitis. Our current observations suggest that PC-TP promotes liver injury by mediating the intermembrane transfer of phosphatidylcholines, thus stabilizing more pathogenic microvesicular lipid droplets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley T. Nicholls
- 1Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - Jason L. Hornick
- 2Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David E. Cohen
- 1Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and
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31
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Chapuy-Regaud S, Dubois M, Plisson-Chastang C, Bonnefois T, Lhomme S, Bertrand-Michel J, You B, Simoneau S, Gleizes PE, Flan B, Abravanel F, Izopet J. Characterization of the lipid envelope of exosome encapsulated HEV particles protected from the immune response. Biochimie 2017; 141:70-79. [PMID: 28483690 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the most common cause of acute hepatitis worldwide. Although HEV is a small, naked RNA virus, HEV particles become associated with lipids in the blood of infected patients and in the supernatant of culture systems. The egress of these particles from cells implies the exocytosis pathway but the question of the role of the resulting HEV RNA containing exosomes and the nature of the lipids they contain has not been fully addressed. We determined the lipid proportions of exosomes from uninfected and HEV-infected cells and their role in HEV spreading. We cultured a suitable HEV strain on HepG2/C3A cells and analyzed the population of exosomes containing HEV RNA using lipidomics methods and electron microscopy. We also quantified HEV infectivity using an infectivity endpoint method based on HEV RNA quantification to calculate the tissue culture infectious dose 50. Exosomes produced by HEV-infected HepG2/C3A cells contained encapsidated HEV RNA. These HEV RNA-containing exosomes were infectious but ten times less than stools. HEV from stools, but not exosome-associated HEV from culture supernatant, was neutralized by anti-HEV antibodies in a dose-dependent manner. HEV infection did not influence the morphology or lipid proportions of the bulk of exosomes. These exosomes contained significantly more cholesterol, phosphatidylserine, sphingomyelin and ceramides than the parent cells, but less phosphoinositides and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Exosomes play a major role in HEV egress but HEV infection does not modify the characteristics of the bulk of exosomes produced by infected cells. PS and cholesterol enriched in these vesicles could then be critical for HEV entry. HEV particles in exosomes are protected from the immune response which could lead to the wide circulation of HEV in its host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Chapuy-Regaud
- INSERM, UMR1043, Toulouse, France; Department of Virology, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France; Toulouse University, Toulouse, France.
| | - Martine Dubois
- INSERM, UMR1043, Toulouse, France; Department of Virology, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Tiffany Bonnefois
- INSERM, UMR1043, Toulouse, France; Department of Virology, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - Sébastien Lhomme
- INSERM, UMR1043, Toulouse, France; Department of Virology, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France; Toulouse University, Toulouse, France
| | - Justine Bertrand-Michel
- Toulouse University, Toulouse, France; MetaToul-Lipidomic Core Facility, INSERM, UMR1048, Toulouse, France
| | - Bruno You
- LFB, Laboratoire Français du Fractionnement et des Biotechnologies, Courtaboeuf, France
| | - Steve Simoneau
- LFB, Laboratoire Français du Fractionnement et des Biotechnologies, Courtaboeuf, France
| | | | - Benoît Flan
- LFB, Laboratoire Français du Fractionnement et des Biotechnologies, Courtaboeuf, France
| | - Florence Abravanel
- INSERM, UMR1043, Toulouse, France; Department of Virology, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France; Toulouse University, Toulouse, France
| | - Jacques Izopet
- INSERM, UMR1043, Toulouse, France; Department of Virology, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France; Toulouse University, Toulouse, France
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32
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Chiappini F, Coilly A, Kadar H, Gual P, Tran A, Desterke C, Samuel D, Duclos-Vallée JC, Touboul D, Bertrand-Michel J, Brunelle A, Guettier C, Le Naour F. Metabolism dysregulation induces a specific lipid signature of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in patients. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46658. [PMID: 28436449 PMCID: PMC5402394 DOI: 10.1038/srep46658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a condition which can progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Markers for NASH diagnosis are still lacking. We performed a comprehensive lipidomic analysis on human liver biopsies including normal liver, nonalcoholic fatty liver and NASH. Random forests-based machine learning approach allowed characterizing a signature of 32 lipids discriminating NASH with 100% sensitivity and specificity. Furthermore, we validated this signature in an independent group of NASH patients. Then, metabolism dysregulations were investigated in both patients and murine models. Alterations of elongase and desaturase activities were observed along the fatty acid synthesis pathway. The decreased activity of the desaturase FADS1 appeared as a bottleneck, leading upstream to an accumulation of fatty acids and downstream to a deficiency of long-chain fatty acids resulting to impaired phospholipid synthesis. In NASH, mass spectrometry imaging on tissue section revealed the spreading into the hepatic parenchyma of selectively accumulated fatty acids. Such lipids constituted a highly toxic mixture to human hepatocytes. In conclusion, this study characterized a specific and sensitive lipid signature of NASH and positioned FADS1 as a significant player in accumulating toxic lipids during NASH progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck Chiappini
- Inserm, Unité 1193, Villejuif, F-94800, France.,Univ Paris-Sud, UMR-S1193, Villejuif, F-94800, France.,DHU Hepatinov, Villejuif, F-94800, France
| | - Audrey Coilly
- Inserm, Unité 1193, Villejuif, F-94800, France.,Univ Paris-Sud, UMR-S1193, Villejuif, F-94800, France.,DHU Hepatinov, Villejuif, F-94800, France.,AP-HP, Hôpital Paul-Brousse, Centre Hépato-Biliaire, Villejuif, F-94800, France
| | - Hanane Kadar
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91198 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - Philippe Gual
- Inserm, Unité 1065, Nice, F-06204, France.,University of Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Nice, F-06204, France.,Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Hôpital L'Archet, Nice Cedex 3, F-06202, France
| | - Albert Tran
- Inserm, Unité 1065, Nice, F-06204, France.,University of Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Nice, F-06204, France.,Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Hôpital L'Archet, Nice Cedex 3, F-06202, France
| | - Christophe Desterke
- Inserm, US33, Villejuif, F-94800, France.,Univ Paris-Sud, US33, Villejuif, F-94800, France
| | - Didier Samuel
- Inserm, Unité 1193, Villejuif, F-94800, France.,Univ Paris-Sud, UMR-S1193, Villejuif, F-94800, France.,DHU Hepatinov, Villejuif, F-94800, France.,AP-HP, Hôpital Paul-Brousse, Centre Hépato-Biliaire, Villejuif, F-94800, France
| | - Jean-Charles Duclos-Vallée
- Inserm, Unité 1193, Villejuif, F-94800, France.,Univ Paris-Sud, UMR-S1193, Villejuif, F-94800, France.,DHU Hepatinov, Villejuif, F-94800, France.,AP-HP, Hôpital Paul-Brousse, Centre Hépato-Biliaire, Villejuif, F-94800, France
| | - David Touboul
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91198 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Alain Brunelle
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91198 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - Catherine Guettier
- Inserm, Unité 1193, Villejuif, F-94800, France.,Univ Paris-Sud, UMR-S1193, Villejuif, F-94800, France.,DHU Hepatinov, Villejuif, F-94800, France.,AP-HP, Hôpital du Kremlin-Bicêtre, Service d'Anatomopathologie, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, F-94275, France
| | - François Le Naour
- Inserm, Unité 1193, Villejuif, F-94800, France.,Univ Paris-Sud, UMR-S1193, Villejuif, F-94800, France.,DHU Hepatinov, Villejuif, F-94800, France.,Inserm, US33, Villejuif, F-94800, France.,Univ Paris-Sud, US33, Villejuif, F-94800, France
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