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Gu W, Zeng Q, Wang X, Jasem H, Ma L. Acute Lung Injury and the NLRP3 Inflammasome. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:3801-3813. [PMID: 38887753 PMCID: PMC11182363 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s464838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) manifests through harm to the capillary endothelium and alveolar epithelial cells, arising from a multitude of factors, leading to scattered interstitial alterations, pulmonary edema, and subsequent acute hypoxic respiratory insufficiency. Acute lung injury (ALI), along with its more serious counterpart, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), carry a fatality rate that hovers around 30-40%. Its principal pathological characteristic lies in the unchecked inflammatory reaction. Currently, the main strategies for treating ALI are alleviation of inflammation and prevention of respiratory failure. Concerning the etiology of ALI, NLRP3 Inflammasome is essential to the body's innate immune response. The composition of this inflammasome complex includes NLRP3, the pyroptosis mediator ASC, and pro-caspase-1. Recent research has reported that the inflammatory response centered on NLRP3 inflammasomes plays a key part in inflammation in ALI, and may hence be a prospective candidate for therapeutic intervention. In the review, we present an overview of the ailment characteristics of acute lung injury along with the constitution and operation of the NLRP3 inflammasome within this framework. We also explore therapeutic strategies targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome to combat acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanjun Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huthaifa Jasem
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
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2
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Li X, Wang Y, Chen Y, Lu Z, Sun Y, Zhong C, Lv Z, Pan H, Chen J, Yao D, Huang X, Yu C. Icariside II alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting lung epithelial inflammatory and immune responses mediated by neutrophil extracellular traps. Life Sci 2024; 346:122648. [PMID: 38631668 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Acute lung injury (ALI) is a life-threatening lung disease characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration and lung epithelial injury. Icariside II (ICS II), one of the main active ingredients of Herba Epimedii, exhibits anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. However, the effect and mechanism of ICS II in ALI remain unclear. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the pharmacological effect and underlying mechanism of ICS II in ALI. MAIN METHODS Models of neutrophil-like cells, human peripheral blood neutrophils, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI mouse model were utilized. RT-qPCR and Western blotting determined the gene and protein expression levels. Protein distribution and quantification were analyzed by immunofluorescence. KEY FINDINGS ICS II significantly reduced lung histopathological damage, edema, and inflammatory cell infiltration, and it reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines in ALI. There is an excessive activation of neutrophils leading to a significant production of NETs in ALI mice, a process mitigated by the administration of ICS II. In vivo and in vitro studies found that ICS II could decrease NET formation by targeting neutrophil C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4). Further data showed that ICS II reduces the overproduction of dsDNA, a NETs-related component, thereby suppressing cGAS/STING/NF-κB signalling pathway activation and inflammatory mediators release in lung epithelial cells. SIGNIFICANCE This study suggested that ICS II may alleviate LPS-induced ALI by modulating the inflammatory response, indicating its potential as a therapeutic agent for ALI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuchun Li
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Yangyue Wang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Yuxin Chen
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Ziyi Lu
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Yihan Sun
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Chuyue Zhong
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Zhanghang Lv
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Haofeng Pan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Dan Yao
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
| | - Xiaoying Huang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
| | - Chang Yu
- Intervention Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
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Tan DSY, Akelew Y, Snelson M, Nguyen J, O’Sullivan KM. Unravelling the Link between the Gut Microbiome and Autoimmune Kidney Diseases: A Potential New Therapeutic Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4817. [PMID: 38732038 PMCID: PMC11084259 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota and short chain fatty acids (SCFA) have been associated with immune regulation and autoimmune diseases. Autoimmune kidney diseases arise from a loss of tolerance to antigens, often with unclear triggers. In this review, we explore the role of the gut microbiome and how disease, diet, and therapy can alter the gut microbiota consortium. Perturbations in the gut microbiota may systemically induce the translocation of microbiota-derived inflammatory molecules such as liposaccharide (LPS) and other toxins by penetrating the gut epithelial barrier. Once in the blood stream, these pro-inflammatory mediators activate immune cells, which release pro-inflammatory molecules, many of which are antigens in autoimmune diseases. The ratio of gut bacteria Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes is associated with worse outcomes in multiple autoimmune kidney diseases including lupus nephritis, MPO-ANCA vasculitis, and Goodpasture's syndrome. Therapies that enhance SCFA-producing bacteria in the gut have powerful therapeutic potential. Dietary fiber is fermented by gut bacteria which in turn release SCFAs that protect the gut barrier, as well as modulating immune responses towards a tolerogenic anti-inflammatory state. Herein, we describe where the current field of research is and the strategies to harness the gut microbiome as potential therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Shu Yee Tan
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (D.S.Y.T.); (Y.A.)
| | - Yibeltal Akelew
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (D.S.Y.T.); (Y.A.)
| | - Matthew Snelson
- School of Biological Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia;
| | - Jenny Nguyen
- The Alfred Centre, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Kim Maree O’Sullivan
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (D.S.Y.T.); (Y.A.)
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King PT, Dousha L. Neutrophil Extracellular Traps and Respiratory Disease. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2390. [PMID: 38673662 PMCID: PMC11051312 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13082390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular traps made by neutrophils (NETs) and other leukocytes such as macrophages and eosinophils have a key role in the initial immune response to infection but are highly inflammatory and may contribute to tissue damage. They are particularly relevant to lung disease, with the pulmonary anatomy facilitating their ability to fully extend into the airways/alveolar space. There has been a rapid expansion in the number of published studies demonstrating their role in a variety of important respiratory diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, bronchiectasis, asthma, pneumonia, COVID-19, rhinosinusitis, interstitial lung disease and lung cancer. The expression of NETs and other traps is a specific process, and diagnostic tests need to differentiate them from other inflammatory pathways/causes of cell death that are also characterised by the presence of extracellular DNA. The specific targeting of this pathway by relevant therapeutics may have significant clinical benefit; however, current clinical trials/evidence are at a very early stage. This review will provide a broad overview of the role of NETs and their possible treatment in respiratory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul T. King
- Monash Lung, Sleep, Allergy and Immunology, Monash Medical Centre, 246 Clayton Rd, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia;
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Lovisa Dousha
- Monash Lung, Sleep, Allergy and Immunology, Monash Medical Centre, 246 Clayton Rd, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia;
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia
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Kuo YM, Kang CM, Lai ZY, Huang TY, Tzeng SJ, Hsu CC, Chen SY, Hsieh SC, Chia JS, Jung CJ, Hsueh PR. Temporal changes in biomarkers of neutrophil extracellular traps and NET-promoting autoantibodies following adenovirus-vectored, mRNA, and recombinant protein COVID-19 vaccination. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29556. [PMID: 38511554 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play a role in innate pathogen defense and also trigger B-cell response by providing antigens. NETs have been linked to vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia. We postulated a potential link between NET biomarkers, NET-promoting autoantibodies, and adverse events (AEs) after COVID-19 vaccine boosters. Healthy donors (HDs) who received ChAdOx1-S (A), mRNA-1273 (M), or recombinant protein (MVC-COV1901) vaccines at the National Taiwan University Hospital between 2021 and 2022 were recruited. We measured serial NET-associated biomarkers, citrullinated-histone3 (citH3), and myeloperoxidase (MPO)-DNA. Serum citH3 and MPO-DNA were significantly or numerically higher in HDs who reported AEs (n = 100, booster Day 0/Day 30, p = 0.01/p = 0.03 and p = 0.30/p = 0.35, respectively). We also observed a positive correlation between rash occurrence in online diaries and elevated citH3. A linear mixed model also revealed significantly higher citH3 levels in mRNA-1273/ChAdOx1-S recipients than MVC-COV1901 recipients. Significant positive correlations were observed between the ratios of anti-heparin platelet factor 4 and citH3 levels on Booster Day 0 and naïve and between the ratios of anti-NET IgM and citH3 on Booster Day 30/Day 0 in the AA-M and MM-M group, respectively. The increased levels of citH3/MPO-DNA accompanied by NET-promoting autoantibodies suggest a potential connection between mRNA-1273/ChAdOx1-S vaccines and cardiovascular complications. These findings provide insights for risk assessments of future vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Min Kuo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Min Kang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Yun Lai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yu Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infection, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shiang-Jong Tzeng
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chieh Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infection, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shey-Ying Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Song-Chou Hsieh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jean-San Chia
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiau-Jing Jung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Ren Hsueh
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Datla US, Vundurthy B, Hook JS, Menon N, Razmi Bagtash H, Shihabeddin T, Schmidtke DW, Moreland JG, Radic MZ, Jones CN. Quantifying neutrophil extracellular trap release in a combined infection-inflammation NET-array device. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:615-628. [PMID: 38189525 PMCID: PMC10826461 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00648d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Excessive release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) has been reported in various human pathologies, including COVID-19 patients. Elevated NET levels serve as a biomarker, indicating increased coagulopathy and immunothrombosis risks in these patients. Traditional immunoassays employed to quantify NET release focus on bulk measurements of released chromatin in simplified microenvironments. In this study, we fabricated a novel NET-array device to quantify NET release from primary human neutrophils with single-cell resolution in the presence of the motile bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 and inflammatory mediators. The device was engineered to have wide chambers and constricted loops to measure NET release in variably confined spaces. Our open NET-array device enabled immunofluorescent labeling of citrullinated histone H3, a NET release marker. We took time-lapse images of primary healthy human neutrophils releasing NETs in clinically relevant infection and inflammation-rich microenvironments. We then developed a computer-vision-based image processing method to automate the quantification of individual NETs. We showed a significant increase in NET release to Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 when challenged with inflammatory mediators tumor necrosis factor-α [20 ng mL-1] and interleukin-6 [50 ng mL-1], but not leukotriene B4 [20 nM], compared to the infection alone. We also quantified the temporal dynamics of NET release and differences in the relative areas of NETs, showing a high percentage of variable size NET release with combined PAO1 - inflammatory mediator treatment, in the device chambers. Importantly, we demonstrated reduced NET release in the confined loops of our combined infection-inflammation microsystem. Ultimately, our NET-array device stands as a valuable tool, facilitating experiments that enhance our comprehension of the spatiotemporal dynamics of NET release in response to infection within a defined microenvironment. In the future, our system can be used for high throughput and cost-effective screening of novel immunotherapies on human neutrophils in view of the importance of fine-tuning NET release in controlling pathological neutrophil-driven inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udaya Sree Datla
- Translational Biology, Medicine and Health, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA.
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | - Jessica S Hook
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Nidhi Menon
- Translational Biology, Medicine and Health, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Hossein Razmi Bagtash
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA.
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Tarik Shihabeddin
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA.
| | - David W Schmidtke
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA.
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jessica G Moreland
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Marko Z Radic
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Caroline N Jones
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA.
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Niri P, Saha A, Polopalli S, Kumar M, Das S, Chattopadhyay P. Role of biomarkers and molecular signaling pathways in acute lung injury. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38279523 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute lung injury (ALI) is caused by bacterial, fungal, and viral infections. When pathogens invade the lungs, the immune system responds by producing cytokines, chemokines, and interferons to promote the infiltration of phagocytic cells, which are essential for pathogen clearance. Their excess production causes an overactive immune response and a pathological hyper-inflammatory state, which leads to ALI. Until now, there is no particular pharmaceutical treatment available for ALI despite known inflammatory mediators like neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). OBJECTIVES Therefore, the primary objective of this review is to provide the clear overview on the mechanisms controlling NETs, ROS formation, and other relevant processes during the pathogenesis of ALI. In addition, we have discussed the significance of epithelial and endothelial damage indicators and several molecular signaling pathways associated with ALI. METHODS The literature review was done from Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar for ALI, NETs, ROS, inflammation, biomarkers, Toll- and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors, alveolar damage, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and epithelial/endothelial damage alone or in combination. RESULTS This review summarized the main clinical signs of ALI, including the regulation and distinct function of epithelial and endothelial biomarkers, NETs, ROS, and pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). CONCLUSION However, no particular drugs including vaccine for ALI has been established. Furthermore, there is a lack of validated diagnostic tools and a poor predictive rationality of current therapeutic biomarkers. Hence, extensive and precise research is required to speed up the process of drug testing and development by the application of artificial intelligence technologies, structure-based drug design, in-silico approaches, and drug repurposing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pakter Niri
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL), Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Tezpur, 784 001, India
- Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700009, India
| | - Achintya Saha
- Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700009, India
| | - Subramanyam Polopalli
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL), Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Tezpur, 784 001, India
- Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700009, India
| | - Mohit Kumar
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL), Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Tezpur, 784 001, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, 786004, India
| | - Sanghita Das
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL), Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Tezpur, 784 001, India
- Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700009, India
| | - Pronobesh Chattopadhyay
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL), Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Tezpur, 784 001, India
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Zhou X, Jin J, Lv T, Song Y. A Narrative Review: The Role of NETs in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome/Acute Lung Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1464. [PMID: 38338744 PMCID: PMC10855305 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) still has a high mortality rate, and the alleviation and treatment of ARDS remains a major research focus. There are various causes of ARDS, among which pneumonia and non-pulmonary sepsis are the most common. Trauma and blood transfusion can also cause ARDS. In ARDS, the aggregation and infiltration of neutrophils in the lungs have a great influence on the development of the disease. Neutrophils regulate inflammatory responses through various pathways, and the release of neutrophils through neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) is considered to be one of the most important mechanisms. NETs are mainly composed of DNA, histones, and granuloproteins, all of which can mediate downstream signaling pathways that can activate inflammatory responses, generate immune clots, and cause damage to surrounding tissues. At the same time, the components of NETs can also promote the formation and release of NETs, thus forming a vicious cycle that continuously aggravates the progression of the disease. NETs are also associated with cytokine storms and immune balance. Since DNA is the main component of NETs, DNase I is considered a viable drug for removing NETs. Other therapeutic methods to inhibit the formation of NETs are also worthy of further exploration. This review discusses the formation and mechanism of NETs in ARDS. Understanding the association between NETs and ARDS may help to develop new perspectives on the treatment of ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tangfeng Lv
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; (X.Z.); (J.J.)
| | - Yong Song
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; (X.Z.); (J.J.)
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Fowler AA. Vitamin C: Rationale for Its Use in Sepsis-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:95. [PMID: 38247519 PMCID: PMC10812524 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening event that occurs in patients suffering from bacterial, fungal, or viral sepsis. Research performed over the last five decades showed that ARDS is a consequence of severe unrestrained systemic inflammation, which leads to injury of the lung's microvasculature and alveolar epithelium. ARDS leads to acute hypoxic/hypercapnic respiratory failure and death in a significant number of patients hospitalized in intensive care units worldwide. Basic and clinical research performed during the time since ARDS was first described has been unable to construct a pharmacological agent that will combat the inflammatory fire leading to ARDS. In-depth studies of the molecular pharmacology of vitamin C indicate that it can serve as a potent anti-inflammatory agent capable of attenuating the pathobiological events that lead to acute injury of the lungs and other body organs. This analysis of vitamin C's role in the treatment of ARDS includes a focused systematic review of the literature relevant to the molecular physiology of vitamin C and to the past performance of clinical trials using the agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alpha A Fowler
- Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
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10
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Xu H, Sheng S, Luo W, Xu X, Zhang Z. Acute respiratory distress syndrome heterogeneity and the septic ARDS subgroup. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1277161. [PMID: 38035100 PMCID: PMC10682474 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1277161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an acute diffuse inflammatory lung injury characterized by the damage of alveolar epithelial cells and pulmonary capillary endothelial cells. It is mainly manifested by non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema, resulting from intrapulmonary and extrapulmonary risk factors. ARDS is often accompanied by immune system disturbance, both locally in the lungs and systemically. As a common heterogeneous disease in critical care medicine, researchers are often faced with the failure of clinical trials. Latent class analysis had been used to compensate for poor outcomes and found that targeted treatment after subgrouping contribute to ARDS therapy. The subphenotype of ARDS caused by sepsis has garnered attention due to its refractory nature and detrimental consequences. Sepsis stands as the most predominant extrapulmonary cause of ARDS, accounting for approximately 32% of ARDS cases. Studies indicate that sepsis-induced ARDS tends to be more severe than ARDS caused by other factors, leading to poorer prognosis and higher mortality rate. This comprehensive review delves into the immunological mechanisms of sepsis-ARDS, the heterogeneity of ARDS and existing research on targeted treatments, aiming to providing mechanism understanding and exploring ideas for accurate treatment of ARDS or sepsis-ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huikang Xu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shiying Sheng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiwei Luo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaofang Xu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhaocai Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment for Severe Trauma and Burn of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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11
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Huang Y, Ding Y, Wang B, Ji Q, Peng C, Tan Q. Neutrophils extracellular traps and ferroptosis in diabetic wounds. Int Wound J 2023; 20:3840-3854. [PMID: 37199077 PMCID: PMC10588347 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is an extremely complex process involving multiple levels of cells and tissues. It is mainly completed through four stages: haemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodelling. When any one of these stages is impaired, it may lead to delayed healing or even transformation into chronic refractory wounds. Diabetes is a kind of common metabolic disease that affects approximately 500 million people worldwide, 25% of whom develop skin ulcers that break down repeatedly and are difficult to heal, making it a growing public health problem. Neutrophils extracellular traps and ferroptosis are new types of programmed cell death identified in recent years and have been found to interact with diabetic wounds. In this paper, the normal wound healing and interfering factors of the diabetic refractory wound were outlined. The mechanism of two kinds of programmed cell death was also described, and the interaction mechanism between different types of programmed cell death and diabetic refractory wounds was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Huang
- Department of Burns and Plastic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Jiangsu UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Youjun Ding
- Department of Burns and Plastic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Jiangsu UniversityNanjingChina
- Department of Emergency SurgeryThe Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University (Zhenjiang Fourth People's Hospital)ZhenjiangChina
| | - Beizhi Wang
- Department of Burns and Plastic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Qian Ji
- Department of OncologyAffiliated Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiangChina
| | - Chen Peng
- Department of OncologyAffiliated Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiangChina
| | - Qian Tan
- Department of Burns and Plastic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Jiangsu UniversityNanjingChina
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingChina
- Department of Burns and Plastic SurgeryAnqing Shihua Hospital of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital GroupAnqingChina
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12
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Gour A, Dogra A, Verma MK, Bhardwaj M, Kour D, Jamwal A, Gorain B, Kumar M, Vij B, Kumar A, Nandi U. Ayurveda-based phytochemical composition attenuates lung inflammation and precipitates pharmacokinetic interaction with favipiravir: an in vivo investigation using disease-state of acute lung injury. Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:3758-3765. [PMID: 36469694 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2150620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a critical form of acute lung injury (ALI). Here, we investigated the effect of a defined combination of ten pure phytochemicals in equal proportions of weight (NPM) from plants, recommended by Ayurveda for any protective action against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI. Results indicate that NPM markedly improved protein and neutrophil contents, myeloperoxidase and hydroxyproline levels, oxidative stress markers (glutathione and malonaldehyde), inflammatory cytokines, and genes (IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β, and NF-κB/IκBα) in BALF/lung tissue. The histopathological examination of the lung revealed the shielding effect of NPM against ALI. NPM exhibited a protective effect on the lung by reducing oxidative stress and inhibiting inflammation. A substantial drop in favipiravir's oral exposure was observed in ALI-state compared to normal-state, but oral exposure upon NPM treatment in ALI-state followed similar behaviour of favipiravir alike normal-state without NPM treatment. Overall, results offer potential insight into Ayurvedic recommendations for immunity boosting during ALI situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Gour
- PK-PD Toxicology (PPT) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu-180001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Ashish Dogra
- PK-PD Toxicology (PPT) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu-180001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Mahendra K Verma
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry (NPMC) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu-180001, India
| | - Mahir Bhardwaj
- PK-PD Toxicology (PPT) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu-180001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Dilpreet Kour
- PK-PD Toxicology (PPT) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu-180001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Ashiya Jamwal
- PK-PD Toxicology (PPT) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu-180001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Bapi Gorain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi-835215, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry (NPMC) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu-180001, India
| | - Bhavna Vij
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- PK-PD Toxicology (PPT) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu-180001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Utpal Nandi
- PK-PD Toxicology (PPT) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu-180001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
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13
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Burkard P, Schonhart C, Vögtle T, Köhler D, Tang L, Johnson D, Hemmen K, Heinze KG, Zarbock A, Hermanns HM, Rosenberger P, Nieswandt B. A key role for platelet GPVI in neutrophil recruitment, migration, and NETosis in the early stages of acute lung injury. Blood 2023; 142:1463-1477. [PMID: 37441848 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023019940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Excessive neutrophil infiltration into the pulmonary airspace is the main cause for the acute inflammation and lung injury. Platelets have been implicated in the pathogenesis of ALI/ARDS, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we show that the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif-coupled immunoglobulin-like platelet receptor, glycoprotein VI (GPVI), plays a key role in the early phase of pulmonary thrombo-inflammation in a model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI in mice. In wild-type (WT) control mice, intranasal LPS application triggered severe pulmonary and blood neutrophilia, hypothermia, and increased blood lactate levels. In contrast, GPVI-deficient mice as well as anti-GPVI-treated WT mice were markedly protected from pulmonary and systemic compromises and showed no increased pulmonary bleeding. High-resolution multicolor microscopy of lung sections and intravital confocal microcopy of the ventilated lung revealed that anti-GPVI treatment resulted in less stable platelet interactions with neutrophils and overall reduced platelet-neutrophil complex (PNC) formation. Anti-GPVI treatment also reduced neutrophil crawling and adhesion on endothelial cells, resulting in reduced neutrophil transmigration and alveolar infiltrates. Remarkably, neutrophil activation was also diminished in anti-GPVI-treated animals, associated with strongly reduced formation of PNC clusters and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) compared with that in control mice. These results establish GPVI as a key mediator of neutrophil recruitment, PNC formation, and NET formation (ie, NETosis) in experimental ALI. Thus, GPVI inhibition might be a promising strategy to reduce the acute pulmonary inflammation that causes ALI/ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Burkard
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, Chair of Experimental Biomedicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Schonhart
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, Chair of Experimental Biomedicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Timo Vögtle
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, Chair of Experimental Biomedicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - David Köhler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Linyan Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Denise Johnson
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, Chair of Experimental Biomedicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Katherina Hemmen
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Katrin G Heinze
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Zarbock
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Heike M Hermanns
- Medical Clinic II, Division of Hepatology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Peter Rosenberger
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Nieswandt
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, Chair of Experimental Biomedicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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14
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Peng W, Qi H, Zhu W, Tong L, Rouzi A, Wu Y, Han L, He L, Yan Y, Pan T, Liu J, Wang Q, Jia Z, Song Y, Zhu Q, Zhou J. Lianhua Qingke ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury by inhibiting neutrophil extracellular traps formation and pyroptosis. Pulm Circ 2023; 13:e12295. [PMID: 37808899 PMCID: PMC10557103 DOI: 10.1002/pul2.12295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
LHQK is a patented Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) which is clinically used for acute tracheobronchitis, cough, and other respiratory diseases. Recent studies have proved that LHQK exhibits excellent clinical efficacy in the treatment of acute lung injury (ALI). However, the corresponding mechanisms remain largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated the effects and the underlying mechanisms of LHQK on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI in mice. The pathological examination, inflammatory cytokines assessments, and mucus secretion evaluation indicated that administration of LHQK ameliorated LPS-induced lung injury, and suppressed the secretion of Muc5AC and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β) in plasma and BALF. Furthermore, the results of cell-free DNA level showed that LHQK significantly inhibited LPS-induced NETs formation. Western blot revealed that LHQK effectively inhibited LPS-triggered pyroptosis in the lung. In addition, RNA-Seq data analysis, relatively bioinformatic analysis, and network pharmacology analysis revealed that LHQK and relative components may play multiple protective functions in LPS-induced ALI/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) by regulating multiple targets directly or indirectly related to NETs and pyroptosis. In conclusion, LHQK can effectively attenuate lung injury and reduce lung inflammation by inhibiting LPS-induced NETs formation and pyroptosis, which may be regulated directly or indirectly by active compounds of LHQK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Peng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and InjuryShanghaiChina
| | - Hui Qi
- Hebei Academy of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineHebeiShijiazhuangChina
| | - Wensi Zhu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and InjuryShanghaiChina
| | - Lin Tong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and InjuryShanghaiChina
| | - Ainiwaer Rouzi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and InjuryShanghaiChina
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and InjuryShanghaiChina
| | - Linxiao Han
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and InjuryShanghaiChina
| | - Ludan He
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and InjuryShanghaiChina
| | - Yu Yan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and InjuryShanghaiChina
| | - Ting Pan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and InjuryShanghaiChina
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and InjuryShanghaiChina
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and InjuryShanghaiChina
| | - Zhenhua Jia
- Hebei Academy of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineHebeiShijiazhuangChina
| | - Yuanlin Song
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and InjuryShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and BiosecurityFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Research Center for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Fudan UniversityFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Qiaoliang Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and InjuryShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and BiosecurityFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Research Center for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Fudan UniversityFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Shanghai Municipal Health CommissionFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Center of Emergency and Critical Medicine in Jinshan Hospital of Fudan UniversityFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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15
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Shafqat A, Omer MH, Albalkhi I, Alabdul Razzak G, Abdulkader H, Abdul Rab S, Sabbah BN, Alkattan K, Yaqinuddin A. Neutrophil extracellular traps and long COVID. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1254310. [PMID: 37828990 PMCID: PMC10565006 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1254310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-acute COVID-19 sequelae, commonly known as long COVID, encompasses a range of systemic symptoms experienced by a significant number of COVID-19 survivors. The underlying pathophysiology of long COVID has become a topic of intense research discussion. While chronic inflammation in long COVID has received considerable attention, the role of neutrophils, which are the most abundant of all immune cells and primary responders to inflammation, has been unfortunately overlooked, perhaps due to their short lifespan. In this review, we discuss the emerging role of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in the persistent inflammatory response observed in long COVID patients. We present early evidence linking the persistence of NETs to pulmonary fibrosis, cardiovascular abnormalities, and neurological dysfunction in long COVID. Several uncertainties require investigation in future studies. These include the mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 brings about sustained neutrophil activation phenotypes after infection resolution; whether the heterogeneity of neutrophils seen in acute SARS-CoV-2 infection persists into the chronic phase; whether the presence of autoantibodies in long COVID can induce NETs and protect them from degradation; whether NETs exert differential, organ-specific effects; specifically which NET components contribute to organ-specific pathologies, such as pulmonary fibrosis; and whether senescent cells can drive NET formation through their pro-inflammatory secretome in long COVID. Answering these questions may pave the way for the development of clinically applicable strategies targeting NETs, providing relief for this emerging health crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areez Shafqat
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed H. Omer
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Khaled Alkattan
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Hernandez J, Schäffer J, Herden C, Pflieger FJ, Reiche S, Körber S, Kitagawa H, Welter J, Michels S, Culmsee C, Bier J, Sommer N, Kang JX, Mayer K, Hecker M, Rummel C. n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Modulate LPS-Induced ARDS and the Lung-Brain Axis of Communication in Wild-Type versus Fat-1 Mice Genetically Modified for Leukotriene B4 Receptor 1 or Chemerin Receptor 23 Knockout. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13524. [PMID: 37686333 PMCID: PMC10487657 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) and especially Resolvin E1 (RvE1) can actively terminate inflammation and promote healing during lung diseases such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Although ARDS primarily affects the lung, many ARDS patients also develop neurocognitive impairments. To investigate the connection between the lung and brain during ARDS and the therapeutic potential of SPMs and its derivatives, fat-1 mice were crossbred with RvE1 receptor knockout mice. ARDS was induced in these mice by intratracheal application of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 10 µg). Mice were sacrificed at 0 h, 4 h, 24 h, 72 h, and 120 h post inflammation, and effects on the lung, liver, and brain were assessed by RT-PCR, multiplex, immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and LC-MS/MS. Protein and mRNA analyses of the lung, liver, and hypothalamus revealed LPS-induced lung inflammation increased inflammatory signaling in the hypothalamus despite low signaling in the periphery. Neutrophil recruitment in different brain structures was determined by immunohistochemical staining. Overall, we showed that immune cell trafficking to the brain contributed to immune-to-brain communication during ARDS rather than cytokines. Deficiency in RvE1 receptors and enhanced omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels (fat-1 mice) affect lung-brain interaction during ARDS by altering profiles of several inflammatory and lipid mediators and glial activity markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Hernandez
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (J.H.); (J.S.)
| | - Julia Schäffer
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (J.H.); (J.S.)
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany (J.B.); (N.S.)
| | - Christiane Herden
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (C.H.); (S.K.)
| | - Fabian Johannes Pflieger
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (J.H.); (J.S.)
| | - Sylvia Reiche
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany (J.B.); (N.S.)
| | - Svenja Körber
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (C.H.); (S.K.)
| | - Hiromu Kitagawa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, Omiya, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
| | - Joelle Welter
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (J.H.); (J.S.)
| | - Susanne Michels
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Philipps University of Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany (C.C.)
| | - Carsten Culmsee
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Philipps University of Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany (C.C.)
- Center for Mind Brain and Behavior, Universities Giessen and Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Jens Bier
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany (J.B.); (N.S.)
| | - Natascha Sommer
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany (J.B.); (N.S.)
| | - Jing X. Kang
- Laboratory for Lipid Medicine and Technology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Konstantin Mayer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany;
| | - Matthias Hecker
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany (J.B.); (N.S.)
| | - Christoph Rummel
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (J.H.); (J.S.)
- Center for Mind Brain and Behavior, Universities Giessen and Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
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17
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Zhuang X, Jiang Y, Yang X, Fu L, Luo L, Dong Z, Zhao J, Hei F. Advances of mesenchymal stem cells and their derived extracellular vesicles as a promising therapy for acute respiratory distress syndrome: from bench to clinic. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1244930. [PMID: 37711624 PMCID: PMC10497773 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1244930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an acute inflammatory lung injury characterized by diffuse alveolar damage. The period prevalence of ARDS was 10.4% of ICU admissions in 50 countries. Although great progress has been made in supportive care, the hospital mortality rate of severe ARDS is still up to 46.1%. Moreover, up to now, there is no effective pharmacotherapy for ARDS and most clinical trials focusing on consistently effective drugs have met disappointing results. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have spawned intense interest of a wide range of researchers and clinicians due to their robust anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and tissue regeneration properties. A growing body of evidence from preclinical studies confirmed the promising therapeutic potential of MSCs and their EVs in the treatment of ARDS. Based on the inspiring experimental results, clinical trials have been designed to evaluate safety and efficacy of MSCs and their EVs in ARDS patients. Moreover, trials exploring their optimal time window and regimen of drug administration are ongoing. Therefore, this review aims to present an overview of the characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells and their derived EVs, therapeutic mechanisms for ARDS and research progress that has been made over the past 5 years.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Feilong Hei
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Bypass, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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18
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García-Bengoa M, Meurer M, Stehr M, Elamin AA, Singh M, Oehlmann W, Mörgelin M, von Köckritz-Blickwede M. Mycobacterium tuberculosis PE/PPE proteins enhance the production of reactive oxygen species and formation of neutrophil extracellular traps. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1206529. [PMID: 37675111 PMCID: PMC10478095 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1206529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Neutrophil granulocytes predominate in the lungs of patients infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) in earlier stages of the disease. During infection, neutrophils release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), an antimicrobial mechanism by which a DNA-backbone spiked with antimicrobial components traps the mycobacteria. However, the specific mycobacterial factors driving NET formation remain unclear. Proteins from the proline-glutamic acid (PE)/proline-proline-glutamic acid (PPE) family are critical to Mtb pathophysiology and virulence. Methods Here, we investigated NET induction by PE18, PPE26, and PE31 in primary human blood-derived neutrophils. Neutrophils were stimulated with the respective proteins for 3h, and NET formation was subsequently assessed using confocal fluorescence microscopy. Intracellular ROS levels and cell necrosis were estimated by flow cytometry. Additionally, the influence of phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA), a known NADPH oxidase enhancer, on NET formation was examined. Neutrophil integrity following incubation with the PE/PPE proteins was evaluated using transmission electron microscopy. Results For the first time, we report that stimulation of primary human blood-derived neutrophils with Mtb proteins PE18, PPE26, and PE31 resulted in the formation of NETs, which correlated with an increase in intracellular ROS levels. Notably, the presence of PMA further amplified this effect. Following incubation with the PE/PPE proteins, neutrophils were found to remain viable and structurally intact, as verified through transmission electron microscopy, indicating the occurrence of vital NET formation. Discussion These findings offer valuable insights that contribute to a better understanding of host-pathogen interactions during Mtb infection. Moreover, they underscore the significance of these particular Mtb antigens in triggering NET formation, representing a distinctive and previously unrecognized function of PE/PPE antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- María García-Bengoa
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonosis (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- LIONEX Diagnostics and Therapeutics GmbH, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marita Meurer
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonosis (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthias Stehr
- LIONEX Diagnostics and Therapeutics GmbH, Braunschweig, Germany
| | | | - Mahavir Singh
- LIONEX Diagnostics and Therapeutics GmbH, Braunschweig, Germany
| | | | | | - Maren von Köckritz-Blickwede
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonosis (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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19
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Ziganshina MM, Shilova NV, Khalturina EO, Dolgushina NV, V Borisevich S, Yarotskaya EL, Bovin NV, Sukhikh GT. Antibody-Dependent Enhancement with a Focus on SARS-CoV-2 and Anti-Glycan Antibodies. Viruses 2023; 15:1584. [PMID: 37515270 PMCID: PMC10384250 DOI: 10.3390/v15071584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) is a phenomenon where virus-specific antibodies paradoxically cause enhanced viral replication and/or excessive immune responses, leading to infection exacerbation, tissue damage, and multiple organ failure. ADE has been observed in many viral infections and is supposed to complicate the course of COVID-19. However, the evidence is insufficient. Since no specific laboratory markers have been described, the prediction and confirmation of ADE are very challenging. The only possible predictor is the presence of already existing (after previous infection) antibodies that can bind to viral epitopes and promote the disease enhancement. At the same time, the virus-specific antibodies are also a part of immune response against a pathogen. These opposite effects of antibodies make ADE research controversial. The assignment of immunoglobulins to ADE-associated or virus neutralizing is based on their affinity, avidity, and content in blood. However, these criteria are not clearly defined. Another debatable issue (rather terminological, but no less important) is that in most publications about ADE, all immunoglobulins produced by the immune system against pathogens are qualified as pre-existing antibodies, thus ignoring the conventional use of this term for natural antibodies produced without any stimulation by pathogens. Anti-glycan antibodies (AGA) make up a significant part of the natural immunoglobulins pool, and there is some evidence of their antiviral effect, particularly in COVID-19. AGA have been shown to be involved in ADE in bacterial infections, but their role in the development of ADE in viral infections has not been studied. This review focuses on pros and cons for AGA as an ADE trigger. We also present the results of our pilot studies, suggesting that AGAs, which bind to complex epitopes (glycan plus something else in tight proximity), may be involved in the development of the ADE phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina M Ziganshina
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Oparina Street 4, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nadezhda V Shilova
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Oparina Street 4, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Eugenia O Khalturina
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Oparina Street 4, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalya V Dolgushina
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Oparina Street 4, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Ekaterina L Yarotskaya
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Oparina Street 4, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nicolai V Bovin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Gennady T Sukhikh
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Oparina Street 4, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
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20
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Yang L, Liu T, Zhuo Y, Li D, Li D, Liu J, Gao H, Zhang L, Lin J, Wang X. Verbenalin alleviates acute lung injury induced by sepsis and IgG immune complex through GPR18 receptor. Cell Signal 2023:110768. [PMID: 37315751 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury is significantly associated with the aberrant activation and pyroptosis of alveolar macrophages. Targeting the GPR18 receptor presents a potential therapeutic approach to mitigate inflammation. Verbenalin, a prominent component of Verbena in Xuanfeibaidu (XFBD) granules, is recommended for treating COVID-19. In this study, we demonstrate the therapeutic effect of verbenalin on lung injury through direct binding to the GPR18 receptor. Verbenalin inhibits the activation of inflammatory signaling pathways induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and IgG immune complex (IgG IC) via GPR18 receptor activation. The structural basis for verbenalin's effect on GPR18 activation is elucidated through molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. Furthermore, we establish that IgG IC induces macrophage pyroptosis by upregulating the expression of GSDME and GSDMD through CEBP-δ activation, while verbenalin inhibits this process. Additionally, we provide the first evidence that IgG IC promotes the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), and verbenalin suppresses NETs formation. Collectively, our findings indicate that verbenalin functions as a "phytoresolvin" to promote inflammation regression and suggests that targeting the C/EBP-δ/GSDMD/GSDME axis to inhibit macrophage pyroptosis may represent a novel strategy for treating acute lung injury and sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianyu Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China; Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuzhen Zhuo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Dongmei Li
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dihua Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Junhong Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hejun Gao
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lanqiu Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China.
| | - Jianping Lin
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Ximo Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China; Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Integrative Medicine for Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
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21
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Wu Y, Wei S, Wu X, Li Y, Han X. Neutrophil extracellular traps in acute coronary syndrome. J Inflamm (Lond) 2023; 20:17. [PMID: 37165396 PMCID: PMC10171160 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-023-00344-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a group of clinical syndromes caused by acute myocardial ischemia, which can cause heart failure, arrhythmia and even sudden death. It is the major cause of disability and death worldwide. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are reticular structures released by neutrophils activation and have various biological functions. NETs are closely related to the occurrence and development of ACS and also the subsequent damage after myocardial infarction. The mechanisms are complex and interdependent on various pathways, which require further exploration. This article reviewed the role and mechanism of NETs in ACS, thereby providing a valuable reference for the diagnosis and clinical treatment of ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, No. 80 Cuiyingmen, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730030, China
- Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shilin Wei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiangyang Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, No. 80 Cuiyingmen, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Yongnan Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, No. 80 Cuiyingmen, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730030, China.
| | - Xue Han
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, No. 80 Cuiyingmen, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730030, China.
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22
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Zhao J, Zhen N, Zhou Q, Lou J, Cui W, Zhang G, Tian B. NETs Promote Inflammatory Injury by Activating cGAS-STING Pathway in Acute Lung Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065125. [PMID: 36982193 PMCID: PMC10049640 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) threatens the survival of critically ill patients, the mechanisms of which are still unclear. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) released by activated neutrophils play a critical role in inflammatory injury. We investigated the role of NETs and the underlying mechanism involved in acute lung injury (ALI). We found a higher expression of NETs and cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) in the airways, which was reduced by Deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) in ALI. The administration of the STING inhibitor H-151 also significantly relieved inflammatory lung injury, but failed to affect the high expression of NETs in ALI. We isolated murine neutrophils from bone marrow and acquired human neutrophils by inducing HL-60 to differentiate. After the PMA interventions, exogenous NETs were obtained from such extracted neutrophils. Exogenous NETs intervention in vitro and in vivo resulted in airway injury, and such inflammatory lung injury was reversed upon degrading NETs with or inhibiting cGAS-STING with H-151 as well as siRNA STING. In conclusion, cGAS-STING participates in regulating NETs-mediated inflammatory pulmonary injury, which is expected to be a new therapeutic target for ARDS/ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Rd., Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Ningxin Zhen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Rd., Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Qichao Zhou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Rd., Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Jian Lou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Rd., Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Gensheng Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Rd., Hangzhou 310009, China
- Correspondence: (G.Z.); (B.T.)
| | - Baoping Tian
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Rd., Hangzhou 310009, China
- Correspondence: (G.Z.); (B.T.)
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23
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Poli V, Zanoni I. Neutrophil intrinsic and extrinsic regulation of NETosis in health and disease. Trends Microbiol 2023; 31:280-293. [PMID: 36344311 PMCID: PMC9974585 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) evolved to protect the host against microbial infections and are formed by a web-like structure of DNA that is decorated with antimicrobial effectors. Due to their potent inflammatory functions, NETs also cause tissue damage and can favor and/or aggravate inflammatory diseases. This multipronged activity of NETs requires that the induction, release, and degradation of NETs are tightly regulated. Here we describe the key pathways that are intrinsic to neutrophils and regulate NETosis, and we review the most recent findings on how neutrophil extrinsic factors participate in the formation of NETs. In particular, we emphasize how bystander cells contribute to modifying the capacity of neutrophils to undergo NETosis. Finally, we discuss how these neutrophil extrinsic processes can be harnessed to protect the host against the excessive inflammation elicited by uncontrolled NET release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Poli
- Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Division of Immunology, Division of Gastroenterology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ivan Zanoni
- Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Division of Immunology, Division of Gastroenterology, Boston, MA, USA.
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24
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Cui Y, Yang Y, Tao W, Peng W, Luo D, Zhao N, Li S, Qian K, Liu F. Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Induce Alveolar Macrophage Pyroptosis by Regulating NLRP3 Deubiquitination, Aggravating the Development of Septic Lung Injury. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:861-877. [PMID: 36876152 PMCID: PMC9983334 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s366436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Uncontrolled inflammation is a typical feature of sepsis-related lung injury. The key event in the progression of lung injury is Caspase-1-dependent alveolar macrophage (AM) pyroptosis. Similarly, neutrophils are stimulated to release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) to participate in the innate immune response. This study aims to illustrate the specific mechanisms by which NETs activate AM at the post-translational level and maintain lung inflammation. Methods We established a septic lung injury model by caecal ligation and puncture. We found elevated NETs and interleukin-1b (IL-1β) levels in the lung tissues of septic mice. Western blot and immunofluorescence analyses was utilized to determine whether NETs promote AM pyroptosis and whether degrading NETs or targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome had protective effects on AM pyroptosis and lung injury. Flow cytometric and co-immunoprecipitation analyses verified intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and the binding of NLRP3 and ubiquitin (UB) molecules, respectively. Results Increased NETs production and IL-1β release in septic mice were correlated with the degree of lung injury. NETs upregulated the level of NLRP3, followed by NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and caspase-1 activation, leading to AM pyroptosis executed by the activated fragment of full-length gasdermin D (FH-GSDMD). However, the opposite effect was observed in the context of NETs degradation. Furthermore, NETs markedly elicited an increase in ROS, which facilitated the activation of NLRP3 deubiquitination and the subsequent pyroptosis pathway in AM. Removal of ROS could promote the binding of NLRP3 and ubiquitin, inhibit NLRP3 binding to apoptosis-associated spotted proteins (ASC) and further alleviate the inflammatory changes in the lungs. Conclusion In summary, these findings indicate that NETs prime ROS generation, which promotes NLRP3 inflammasome activation at the post-translational level to mediate AM pyroptosis and sustain lung injury in septic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamei Cui
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqiang Tao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Deqiang Luo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangyan Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Kejian Qian
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Fen Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
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25
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Zhu W, Zhang Y, Wang Y. Immunotherapy strategies and prospects for acute lung injury: Focus on immune cells and cytokines. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1103309. [PMID: 36618910 PMCID: PMC9815466 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1103309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) is a disastrous condition, which can be caused by a wide range of diseases, such as pneumonia, sepsis, traumas, and the most recent, COVID-19. Even though we have gained an improved understanding of acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome pathogenesis and treatment mechanism, there is still no effective treatment for acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome, which is partly responsible for the unacceptable mortality rate. In the pathogenesis of acute lung injury, the inflammatory storm is the main pathological feature. More and more evidences show that immune cells and cytokines secreted by immune cells play an irreplaceable role in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury. Therefore, here we mainly reviewed the role of various immune cells in acute lung injury from the perspective of immunotherapy, and elaborated the crosstalk of immune cells and cytokines, aiming to provide novel ideas and targets for the treatment of acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfang Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Anhui Chest Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Anhui Chest Hospital, Hefei, China,*Correspondence: Yiwen Zhang, ; Yinghong Wang,
| | - Yinghong Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China,*Correspondence: Yiwen Zhang, ; Yinghong Wang,
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26
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Van Bruggen S, Martinod K. The coming of age of neutrophil extracellular traps in thrombosis: Where are we now and where are we headed? Immunol Rev 2022; 314:376-398. [PMID: 36560865 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Thrombosis remains a major problem in our society, manifesting across multiple demographic groups and with high associated morbidity and mortality. Thrombus development is the result of a complex mechanism in which multiple cell types and soluble factors play a crucial role. One cell that has gained the most attention in recent years is the neutrophil. This key member of the innate immune system can form neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in response to activating stimuli in circulation. NETs form a scaffold for thrombus formation, both initiating the process and stabilizing the final product. As the first responders of the host immune system, neutrophils have the flexibility to recognize a variety of molecules and can quickly interact with a range of different cell types. This trait makes them sensitive to exogenous stimuli. NET formation in response to pathogens is well established, leading to immune-mediated thrombus formation or immunothrombosis. NETs can also be formed during sterile inflammation through the activation of neutrophils by fellow immune cells including platelets, or activated endothelium. In chronic inflammatory settings, NETs can ultimately promote the development of tissue fibrosis, with organ failure as an end-stage outcome. In this review, we discuss the different pathways through which neutrophils can be activated toward NET formation and how these processes can result in a shared outcome: thrombus formation. Finally, we evaluate these different interactions and mechanisms for their potential as therapeutic targets, with neutrophil-targeted therapies providing a future approach to treating thrombosis. In contrast to current practices, such treatment could result in reduced pathogenic blood clot formation without increasing the risk of bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stijn Van Bruggen
- Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kimberly Martinod
- Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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27
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Methods for the Assessment of NET Formation: From Neutrophil Biology to Translational Research. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415823. [PMID: 36555464 PMCID: PMC9781911 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have indicated that a neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation, apart from its role in host defense, can contribute to or drive pathogenesis in a wide range of inflammatory and thrombotic disorders. Therefore, NETs may serve as a therapeutic target or/and a diagnostic tool. Here, we compare the most commonly used techniques for the assessment of NET formation. Furthermore, we review recent data from the literature on the application of basic laboratory tools for detecting NET release and discuss the challenges and the advantages of these strategies in NET evaluation. Taken together, we provide some important insights into the qualitative and quantitative molecular analysis of NETs in translational medicine today.
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28
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Veljković M, Pavlović DR, Stojanović NM, Džopalić T, Popović Dragonjić L. Behavioral and Dietary Habits That Could Influence Both COVID-19 and Non-Communicable Civilization Disease Prevention-What Have We Learned Up to Now? MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:1686. [PMID: 36422225 PMCID: PMC9695647 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58111686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
The massive expansion of the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has urged countries to introduce lockdowns and set restrictive actions worldwide. The focus of the studies was to determine how COVID-19 induces damage to the lungs in order to find an alternative or adjuvant therapy that could lead to preventing COVID-19 or at least ameliorating it. This paper aims to survey the literature and provide new insights into behavioral and dietary habits that could influence the prevention of COVID-19. Maintaining an adequate mental health status, sleep, and taking moderate exercise are often disrupted in the conditions of lockdown and are followed by weakened immunity. Mediterranean and vegetarian diets are superior to other eating patterns in terms of immunity boosting and fighting COVID-19. Our study showed how adequate hydration, green tea intake, and supplementation with vitamins D, C, and E can increase our chances of avoiding the infection and even help us sleep better. Another focus of the research was on determining what level of hygiene really increases one's chances of not contracting SARS-CoV-2, but this seems a little counter-intuitive at first. Since an immunocompromised state is a familiar predisposing factor for all contagious diseases, maintaining healthy behavioral and dietary habits could be a crucial step in boosting immunity and preventing COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Veljković
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Dragana R. Pavlović
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical Faculty, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | | | - Tanja Džopalić
- Department of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Lidija Popović Dragonjić
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
- Clinic for Infectology, University Clinical Center Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
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29
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Shang T, Zhang ZS, Wang XT, Chang J, Zhou ME, Lyu M, He S, Yang J, Chang YX, Wang Y, Li MC, Gao X, Zhu Y, Feng Y. Xuebijing injection inhibited neutrophil extracellular traps to reverse lung injury in sepsis mice via reducing Gasdermin D. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1054176. [PMID: 36467039 PMCID: PMC9710739 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1054176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The mortality of sepsis and septic shock remains high worldwide. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) release is a major cause of organ failure and mortality in sepsis. Targeting Gasdermin D (GSDMD) can restrain NETs formation, which is promising for sepsis management. However, no medicine is identified without severe safety concerns for this purpose. Xuebijing injection (XBJ) has been demonstrated to alleviate the clinical symptoms of COVID-19 and sepsis patients, but there are not enough animal studies to reveal its mechanisms in depth. Therefore, we wondered whether XBJ relieved pulmonary damage in sepsis by suppressing NETs formation and adopted a clinically relevant polymicrobial infection model to test this hypothesis. Firstly, XBJ effectively reversed lung injury caused by sepsis and restrained neutrophils recruitment to lung by down-regulating proinflammatory chemokines, such as CSF-3, CXCL-2, and CXCR-2. Strikingly, we found that XBJ significantly reduced the expressions of NETs component proteins, including citrullinated histone H3 (CitH3), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and neutrophil elastase (NE). GSDMD contributes to the production of NETs in sepsis. Notably, XBJ exhibited a reduced effect on the expressions of GSDMD and its upstream regulators. Besides, we also revealed that XBJ reversed NETs formation by inhibiting the expressions of GSDMD-related genes. Collectively, we demonstrated XBJ protected against sepsis-induced lung injury by reversing GSDMD-related pathway to inhibit NETs formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhi-Sen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin-Tong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Meng-En Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuang He
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan-Xu Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuefei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming-Chun Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology for Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiumei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuxin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Yu J, Zhang N, Zhang Z, Li Y, Gao J, Chen C, Wen Z. Exploring predisposing factors and pathogenesis contributing to injuries of donor lungs. Expert Rev Respir Med 2022; 16:1191-1203. [PMID: 36480922 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2022.2157264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lung transplantation (LTx) remains the only therapeutic strategy for patients with incurable lung diseases. However, its use has been severely limited by the narrow donor pool and potential concerns of inferior quality of donor lungs, which are more susceptible to external influence than other transplant organs. Multiple insults, including various causes of death and a series of perimortem events, may act together on donor lungs and eventually culminate in primary graft dysfunction (PGD) after transplantation as well as other poor short-term outcomes. AREAS COVERED This review focuses on the predisposing factors contributing to injuries to the donor lungs, specifically focusing on the pathogenesis of these injuries and their impact on post-transplant outcomes. Additionally, various maneuvers to mitigate donor lung injuries have been proposed. EXPERT OPINION The selection criteria for eligible donors vary and may be poor discriminators of lung injury. Not all transplanted lungs are in ideal condition. With the rapidly increasing waiting list for LTx, the trend of using marginal donors has become more apparent, underscoring the need to gain a deeper understanding of donor lung injuries and discover more donor resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200433, Shanghai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200433, Shanghai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200433, Shanghai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuping Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200433, Shanghai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiameng Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200433, Shanghai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chang Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200433, Shanghai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zongmei Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200433, Shanghai, Zhejiang, China
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Biological Effects of Intravenous Vitamin C on Neutrophil Extracellular Traps and the Endothelial Glycocalyx in Patients with Sepsis-Induced ARDS. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204415. [PMID: 36297099 PMCID: PMC9610384 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The disease-modifying mechanisms of high-dose intravenous vitamin C (HDIVC) in sepsis induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is unclear. (2) Methods: We performed a post hoc study of plasma biomarkers from subjects enrolled in the randomized placebo-controlled trial CITRIS-ALI. We explored the effects of HDIVC on cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and syndecan-1, surrogates for neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation and degradation of the endothelial glycocalyx, respectively. (3) Results: In 167 study subjects, baseline cfDNA levels in HDIVC (84 subjects) and placebo (83 subjects) were 2.18 ng/µL (SD 4.20 ng/µL) and 2.65 ng/µL (SD 3.87 ng/µL), respectively, p = 0.45. At 48-h, the cfDNA reduction was 1.02 ng/µL greater in HDIVC than placebo, p = 0.05. Mean baseline syndecan-1 levels in HDIVC and placebo were 9.49 ng/mL (SD 5.57 ng/mL) and 10.83 ng/mL (SD 5.95 ng/mL), respectively, p = 0.14. At 48 h, placebo subjects exhibited a 1.53 ng/mL (95% CI, 0.96 to 2.11) increase in syndecan-1 vs. 0.75 ng/mL (95% CI, 0.21 to 1.29, p = 0.05), in HDIVC subjects. (4) Conclusions: HDIVC infusion attenuated cell-free DNA and syndecan-1, biomarkers associated with sepsis-induced ARDS. Improvement of these biomarkers suggests amelioration of NETosis and shedding of the vascular endothelial glycocalyx, respectively.
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Huang P, Zhang J, Duan W, Jiao J, Leng A, Qu J. Plant polysaccharides with anti-lung injury effects as a potential therapeutic strategy for COVID-19. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:982893. [DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.982893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
When coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) develops into the severe phase, lung injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and/or respiratory failure could develop within a few days. As a result of pulmonary tissue injury, pathomorphological changes usually present endothelial dysfunction, inflammatory cell infiltration of the lung interstitium, defective gas exchange, and wall leakage. Consequently, COVID-19 may progress to tremendous lung injury, ongoing lung failure, and death. Exploring the treatment drugs has important implications. Recently, the application of traditional Chinese medicine had better performance in reducing fatalities, relieving symptoms, and curtailing hospitalization. Through constant research and study, plant polysaccharides may emerge as a crucial resource against lung injury with high potency and low side effects. However, the absence of a comprehensive understanding of lung-protective mechanisms impedes further investigation of polysaccharides. In the present article, a comprehensive review of research into plant polysaccharides in the past 5 years was performed. In total, 30 types of polysaccharides from 19 kinds of plants have shown lung-protective effects through the pathological processes of inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, and immunomodulation by mediating mucin and aquaporins, macrophage, endoplasmic reticulum stress, neutrophil, TGF-β1 pathways, Nrf2 pathway, and other mechanisms. Moreover, the deficiencies of the current studies and the future research direction are also tentatively discussed. This research provides a comprehensive perspective for better understanding the mechanism and development of polysaccharides against lung injury for the treatment of COVID-19.
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Yamamoto Y, Kadoya K, Terkawi MA, Endo T, Konno K, Watanabe M, Ichihara S, Hara A, Kaneko K, Iwasaki N, Ishijima M. Neutrophils delay repair process in Wallerian degeneration by releasing NETs outside the parenchyma. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 5:5/10/e202201399. [PMID: 35961782 PMCID: PMC9375156 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils accumulate at the epineurium in Wallerian degeneration (WD) and inhibit macrophage infiltration from the epineurium into the parenchyma by releasing neutrophil extracellular traps, resulting in the delay of repair processes in WD. Although inflammation is indispensable for the repair process in Wallerian degeneration (WD), the role of neutrophils in the WD repair process remains unclear. After peripheral nerve injury, neutrophils accumulate at the epineurium but not the parenchyma in the WD region because of the blood–nerve barrier. An increase or decrease in the number of neutrophils delayed or promoted macrophage infiltration from the epineurium into the parenchyma and the repair process in WD. Abundant neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were formed around neutrophils, and its inhibition dramatically increased macrophage infiltration into the parenchyma. Furthermore, inhibition of either MIF or its receptor, CXCR4, in neutrophils decreased NET formation, resulting in enhanced macrophage infiltration into the parenchyma. Moreover, inhibiting MIF for just 2 h after peripheral nerve injury promoted the repair process. These findings indicate that neutrophils delay the repair process in WD from outside the parenchyma by inhibiting macrophage infiltration via NET formation and that neutrophils, NETs, MIF, and CXCR4 are therapeutic targets for peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Yamamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Medicine for Motor Organ, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Kadoya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mohamad Alaa Terkawi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Endo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kohtarou Konno
- Department of Anatomy, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Anatomy, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ichihara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Urayasu, Japan
| | - Akira Hara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Urayasu, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kaneko
- Department of Medicine for Motor Organ, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norimasa Iwasaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Muneaki Ishijima
- Department of Medicine for Motor Organ, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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34
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The Controversial Role of LPS in Platelet Activation In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810900. [PMID: 36142813 PMCID: PMC9505944 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating platelets are responsible for hemostasis and thrombosis but are also primary sensors of pathogens and are involved in innate immunity, inflammation, and sepsis. Sepsis is commonly caused by an exaggerated immune response to bacterial, viral, and fungal infections, and leads to severe thrombotic complications. Among others, the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) found in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria is the most common trigger of sepsis. Since the discovery of the expression of the LPS receptor TLR4 in platelets, several studies have investigated the ability of LPS to induce platelet activation and to contribute to a prothrombotic phenotype, per se or in combination with plasma proteins and platelet agonists. This issue, however, is still controversial, as different sources, purity, and concentrations of LPS, different platelet-purification protocols, and different methods of analysis have been used in the past two decades, giving contradictory results. This review summarizes and critically analyzes past and recent publications about LPS-induced platelet activation in vitro. A methodological section illustrates the principal platelet preparation protocols and significant differences. The ability of various sources of LPS to elicit platelet activation in terms of aggregation, granule secretion, cytokine release, ROS production, and interaction with leukocytes and NET formation is discussed.
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35
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Han T, Tang H, Lin C, Shen Y, Yan D, Tang X, Guo D. Extracellular traps and the role in thrombosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:951670. [PMID: 36093130 PMCID: PMC9452724 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.951670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombotic complications pose serious health risks worldwide. A significant change in our understanding of the pathophysiology of thrombosis has occurred since the discovery of extracellular traps (ETs) and their prothrombotic properties. As a result of immune cells decondensing chromatin into extracellular fibers, ETs promote thrombus formation by acting as a scaffold that activates platelets and coagulates them. The involvement of ETs in thrombosis has been reported in various thrombotic conditions including deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary emboli, acute myocardial infarction, aucte ischemic stroke, and abdominal aortic aneurysms. This review summarizes the existing evidence of ETs in human and animal model thrombi. The authors described studies showing the existence of ETs in venous or arterial thrombi. In addition, we studied potential novel therapeutic opportunities related to the resolution or prevention of thrombosis by targeting ETs.
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36
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Xue Y, Zhang Y, Chen L, Wang Y, Lv Z, Yang LQ, Li S. Citrulline protects against LPS‑induced acute lung injury by inhibiting ROS/NLRP3‑dependent pyroptosis and apoptosis via the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2022; 24:632. [PMID: 36160882 PMCID: PMC9468793 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a common complication in patients with sepsis and is accompanied by high mortality. The present study aimed to investigate if the organic compound citrulline has a protective against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated ALI and its potential mechanisms. ALI was induced in mice by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of LPS (10 mg/kg). Citrulline (1 g/kg/day) was administrated i.p. 7 days prior to LPS injection. Mouse lung vascular endothelial cells (MLVECs) were divided into five groups: Control, LPS, LPS + Cit, LPS + N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) and LPS + Cit + ML385. Lung injury was determined by morphology changes. Apoptosis and pyroptosis were detected using western blot analysis and immunofluorescence. The present results indicated that citrulline can significantly attenuate ALI. Citrulline pretreatment decreased the expression of NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and decreased pyroptosis and apoptosis. Intervention with the total reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine attenuated NLRP3 inflammasome-associated pyroptosis and apoptosis in LPS-treated MLVECs. Citrulline pretreatment inhibited pyroptotic cell death and apoptosis induced by LPS. Citrulline decreased accumulation of intracellular ROS and activated the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway. Furthermore, the Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 reversed ROS generation, NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis and apoptosis suppressed by citrulline. In summary, the present data demonstrated that citrulline may confer protection against ALI via inhibition of ROS/NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent pyroptosis and apoptosis via the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Xue
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Shenmu Hospital of Northwest University, Shenmu, Shaanxi 719300, P.R. China
| | - Yunqian Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Suqian Hospital of Nanjing Drum‑Tower Hospital Group, Suqian, Jiangsu 223865, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Zhou Lv
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Li-Qiao Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Siyuan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
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37
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Zhu CL, Xie J, Zhao ZZ, Li P, Liu Q, Guo Y, Meng Y, Wan XJ, Bian JJ, Deng XM, Wang JF. PD-L1 maintains neutrophil extracellular traps release by inhibiting neutrophil autophagy in endotoxin-induced lung injury. Front Immunol 2022; 13:949217. [PMID: 36016930 PMCID: PMC9396256 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.949217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is not only an important molecule in mediating tumor immune escape, but also regulates inflammation development. Here we showed that PD-L1 was upregulated on neutrophils in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Neutrophil specific knockout of PD-L1 reduced lung injury in ARDS model induced by intratracheal LPS injection. The level of NET release was reduced and autophagy is elevated by PD-L1 knockout in ARDS neutrophils both in vivo and in vitro. Inhibition of autophagy could reverse the inhibitory effect of PD-L1 knockout on NET release. PD-L1 interacted with p85 subunit of PI3K at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in neutrophils from ARDS patients, activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. An extrinsic neutralizing antibody against PD-L1 showed a protective effect against ARDS. Together, PD-L1 maintains the release of NETs by regulating autophagy through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in ARDS. Anti-PD-L1 therapy may be a promising measure in treating ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jin-jun Bian
- *Correspondence: Jin-jun Bian, ; Xiao-ming Deng, ; Jia-feng Wang,
| | - Xiao-ming Deng
- *Correspondence: Jin-jun Bian, ; Xiao-ming Deng, ; Jia-feng Wang,
| | - Jia-feng Wang
- *Correspondence: Jin-jun Bian, ; Xiao-ming Deng, ; Jia-feng Wang,
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38
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Whitney JE, Lee IH, Lee JW, Kong SW. Evolution of multiple omics approaches to define pathophysiology of pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome. eLife 2022; 11:77405. [PMID: 35913450 PMCID: PMC9342956 DOI: 10.7554/elife.77405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS), though both common and deadly in critically ill children, lacks targeted therapies. The development of effective pharmacotherapies has been limited, in part, by lack of clarity about the pathobiology of pediatric ARDS. Epithelial lung injury, vascular endothelial activation, and systemic immune activation are putative drivers of this complex disease process. Prior studies have used either hypothesis-driven (e.g., candidate genes and proteins, in vitro investigations) or unbiased (e.g., genome-wide association, transcriptomic, metabolomic) approaches to predict clinical outcomes and to define subphenotypes. Advances in multiple omics technologies, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, have permitted more comprehensive investigation of PARDS pathobiology. However, omics studies have been limited in children compared to adults, and analyses across multiple tissue types are lacking. Here, we synthesized existing literature on the molecular mechanism of PARDS, summarized our interrogation of publicly available genomic databases to determine the association of candidate genes with PARDS phenotypes across multiple tissues and cell types, and integrated recent studies that used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). We conclude that novel profiling methods such as scRNA-seq, which permits more comprehensive, unbiased evaluation of pathophysiological mechanisms across tissue and cell types, should be employed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of PRDS toward the goal of identifying targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane E Whitney
- Medical Critical Care, Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - In-Hee Lee
- Computational Health and Informatics Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Ji-Won Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Sek Won Kong
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States.,Computational Health and Informatics Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States
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Wienkamp AK, Erpenbeck L, Rossaint J. Platelets in the NETworks interweaving inflammation and thrombosis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:953129. [PMID: 35979369 PMCID: PMC9376363 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.953129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are well characterized for their indispensable role in primary hemostasis to control hemorrhage. Research over the past years has provided a substantial body of evidence demonstrating that platelets also participate in host innate immunity. The surface expression of pattern recognition receptors, such as TLR2 and TLR4, provides platelets with the ability to sense bacterial products in their environment. Platelet α-granules contain microbicidal proteins, chemokines and growth factors, which upon release may directly engage pathogens and/or contribute to inflammatory signaling. Additionally, platelet interactions with neutrophils enhance neutrophil activation and are often crucial to induce a sufficient immune response. In particular, platelets can activate neutrophils to form neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). This specific neutrophil effector function is characterized by neutrophils expelling chromatin fibres decorated with histones and antimicrobial proteins into the extracellular space where they serve to trap and kill pathogens. Until now, the mechanisms and signaling pathways between platelets and neutrophils inducing NET formation are still not fully characterized. NETs were also detected in thrombotic lesions in several disease backgrounds, pointing towards a role as an interface between neutrophils, platelets and thrombosis, also known as immunothrombosis. The negatively charged DNA within NETs provides a procoagulant surface, and in particular NET-derived proteins may directly activate platelets. In light of the current COVID-19 pandemic, the topic of immunothrombosis has become more relevant than ever, as a majority of COVID-19 patients display thrombi in the lung capillaries and other vascular beds. Furthermore, NETs can be found in the lung and other tissues and are associated with an increased mortality. Here, virus infiltration may lead to a cytokine storm that potently activates neutrophils and leads to massive neutrophil infiltration into the lung and NET formation. The resulting NETs presumably activate platelets and coagulation factors, further contributing to the subsequent emergence of microthrombi in pulmonary capillaries. In this review, we will discuss the interplay between platelets and NETs and the potential of this alliance to influence the course of inflammatory diseases. A better understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms and the identification of treatment targets is of utmost importance to increase patients’ survival and improve the clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Katrin Wienkamp
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Luise Erpenbeck
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jan Rossaint
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
- *Correspondence: Jan Rossaint,
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Xiao S, Liu L, Sun Z, Liu X, Xu J, Guo Z, Yin X, Liao F, Xu J, You Y, Zhang T. Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation to Explore the Mechanism of Qing-Jin-Hua-Tan-Decoction Against Acute Lung Injury. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:891889. [PMID: 35873580 PMCID: PMC9304690 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.891889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Qing-Jin-Hua-Tan-Decoction (QJHTD), a classic famous Chinese ancient prescription, has been used for treatment of pulmonary diseases since Ming Dynasty. A total of 22 prototype compounds of QJHTD absorbed into rat blood were chosen as candidates for the pharmacological network analysis and molecular docking. The targets from the intersection of compound target and ALI disease targets were used for GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. Molecular docking was adopted to further verify the interactions between 22 components and the top 20 targets with higher degree values in the component–target–pathway network. In vitro experiments were performed to verify the results of network pharmacology using SPR experiments, Western blot experiments, and the PMA-induced neutrophils to produce neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) model. The compound–target–pathway network includes 176 targets and 20 signaling pathways in which the degree of MAPK14, CDK2, EGFR, F2, SRC, and AKT1 is higher than that of other targets and which may be potential disease targets. The biological processes in QJHTD for ALI mainly included protein phosphorylation, response to wounding, response to bacterium, regulation of inflammatory response, and so on. KEGG enrichment analyses revealed multiple signaling pathways, including lipid and atherosclerosis, HIF-1 signaling pathway, renin–angiotensin system, and neutrophil extracellular trap formation. The molecular docking results showed that baicalin, oroxylin A-7-glucuronide, hispidulin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide, wogonoside, baicalein, wogonin, tianshic acid, and mangiferin can be combined with most of the targets, which might be the core components of QJHTD in treatment of ALI. Direct binding ability of baicalein, wogonin, and baicalin to thrombin protein was all micromolar, and their KD values were 11.92 μM, 1.303 μM, and 1.146 μM, respectively, revealed by SPR experiments, and QJHTD could inhibit Src phosphorylation in LPS-activated neutrophils by Western blot experiments. The experimental results of PMA-induced neutrophils to produce NETs indicated that QJHTD could inhibit the production of NETs. This study revealed the active compounds, effective targets, and potential pharmacological mechanisms of QJHTD acting on ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunli Xiao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengxiao Sun
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqian Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongyuan Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaojie Yin
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fulong Liao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Xu
- National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Modern Preparation and Quality Control Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Yun You
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yun You, ; Tiejun Zhang,
| | - Tiejun Zhang
- National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Modern Preparation and Quality Control Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Yun You, ; Tiejun Zhang,
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41
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Jeong S, Kim B, Byun DJ, Jin S, Seo BS, Shin MH, Leem AY, Choung JJ, Park MS, Hyun YM. Lysophosphatidylcholine Alleviates Acute Lung Injury by Regulating Neutrophil Motility and Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:941914. [PMID: 35859904 PMCID: PMC9289271 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.941914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is predominantly initiated by bacterial infection and can cause systemic inflammation, which frequently leads to rapid death of the patient. However, this acute systemic inflammatory response requires further investigation from the perspectives of clinical judgment criteria and early treatment strategies for the relief of symptoms. Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) 18:0 may relieve septic symptoms, but the relevant mechanism is not clearly understood. Therefore, we aimed to assess the effectiveness of LPC as a therapeutic treatment for acute inflammation in the lung induced by lipopolysaccharide in mice. Systemic inflammation of mice was induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inoculation to investigate the role of LPC in the migration and the immune response of neutrophils during acute lung injury. By employing two-photon intravital imaging of the LPS-stimulated LysM-GFP mice and other in vitro and in vivo assays, we examined whether LPC alleviates the inflammatory effect of sepsis. We also tested the effect of LPC to human neutrophils from healthy control and sepsis patients. Our data showed that LPC treatment reduced the infiltration of innate immune cells into the lung. Specifically, LPC altered neutrophil migratory patterns and enhanced phagocytic efficacy in the damaged lung. Moreover, LPC treatment reduced the release of neutrophil extracellular trap (NET), which can damage tissue in the inflamed organ and exacerbate disease. It also reduced human neutrophil migration under inflammatory environment. Our results suggest that LPC can alleviate sepsis-induced lung inflammation by regulating the function of neutrophils. These findings provide evidence for the beneficial application of LPC treatment as a potential therapeutic strategy for sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soi Jeong
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bora Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Da Jeong Byun
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sunmin Jin
- R&D Center, AriBio Co., Ltd., Sengnam, South Korea
| | - Bo Seung Seo
- R&D Center, AriBio Co., Ltd., Sengnam, South Korea
| | - Mi Hwa Shin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ah Young Leem
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Moo Suk Park
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Moo Suk Park, ; Young-Min Hyun,
| | - Young-Min Hyun
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Moo Suk Park, ; Young-Min Hyun,
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Ryan TAJ, O'Neill LAJ. Innate immune signaling and immunothrombosis: New insights and therapeutic opportunities. Eur J Immunol 2022; 52:1024-1034. [PMID: 35569038 PMCID: PMC9543829 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202149410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Activation of the coagulation cascade is a critical, evolutionarily conserved mechanism that maintains hemostasis by rapidly forming blood clots in response to blood-borne infections and damaged blood vessels. Coagulation is a key component of innate immunity since it prevents bacterial dissemination and can provoke inflammation. The term immunothrombosis describes the process by which the innate immune response drives aberrant coagulation, which can result in a lethal condition termed disseminated intravascular coagulation, often seen in sepsis. In this review, we describe the recently uncovered molecular mechanisms underlying inflammasome- and STING-driven immunothrombosis induced by bacterial and viral infections, culminating in tissue factor (TF) activation and release. Current anticoagulant therapeutics, while effective, are associated with a life-threatening bleeding risk, requiring the urgent development of new treatments. Targeting immunothrombosis may provide a safer option. Thus, we highlight preclinical tools which target TF and/or block canonical (NLRP3) or noncanonical (caspase-11) inflammasome activation as well as STING-driven TF release and discuss clinically approved drugs which block key immunothrombotic processes and, therefore, may be redeployed as safer anticoagulants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristram A. J. Ryan
- School of Biochemistry and ImmunologyTrinity Biomedical Sciences InstituteTrinity College DublinDublin 2Ireland
| | - Luke A. J. O'Neill
- School of Biochemistry and ImmunologyTrinity Biomedical Sciences InstituteTrinity College DublinDublin 2Ireland
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Alarmins S100A8/A9 promote intervertebral disc degeneration and inflammation-related pain in a rat model through toll-like receptor-4 and activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2022; 30:998-1011. [PMID: 35405347 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2022.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The molecules released from cells undergoing necrosis are recognized as alarmins, and S100A8/9, a typical alarmin, is associated with several inflammation-related diseases. This study was to investigate the molecular role of S100A8/A9 on the process of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) and inflammation-related pain. METHODS The expression pattern of S100A8/A9 in different degenerated human nucleus pulposus (NP) tissues were measured by Real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemical (IHC). The effects of S100A8/A9 on matrix production were assessed by RT-qPCR, western blotting, and cell immunofluorescence. Involvement of TLR4 and NF-κB signaling pathways were studied by pharmachemical inhibitors and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). The development of degenerative and pain features in the IVDD model were examed by IHC and pain-behavior testing. RESULTS The expression of S100A8/A9 was significantly elevated in severely degenerated human NP tissue with similar expression pattern of TNF-α. In NP cells, S100A8/A9 increased MMP-3/13, TNF-α, IL-6 expression and inhibited aggrecan and collagen II expression. RT-qPCR and western blotting showed that the regulatory effects of S100A8/A9 on IVD were TLR4 dependent. Pharmacological inhibition or siRNA knockdown of the NF-κB signaling attenuated S100A8/A9-induced upregulation of MMP-3/13, TNF-α and IL-6. In vivo, S100A9 inhibitor treatment inhibited disc-puncture induced IVDD and inflammation-related pain. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that S100A8/A9 bound to TLR4 and increased the expression of MMPs, TNF-α, and IL-6 through NF-κB signaling pathways in NP cells. Furthermore, S100A8/A9 inhibitor could prevent development of IVDD and inflammation-related pain in the rat model.
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Landoni VI, Pittaluga JR, Carestia A, Castillo LA, Nebel MDC, Martire-Greco D, Birnberg-Weiss F, Schattner M, Schierloh P, Fernández GC. Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Induced by Shiga Toxin and Lipopolysaccharide-Treated Platelets Exacerbate Endothelial Cell Damage. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:897019. [PMID: 35811684 PMCID: PMC9262415 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.897019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is the most common cause of acute renal failure in the pediatric population. The etiology of HUS is linked to Gram-negative, Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing enterohemorrhagic bacterial infections. While the effect of Stx is focused on endothelial damage of renal glomerulus, cytokines induced by Stx or bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) are involved in the development of the disease. PMN release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) to eliminate pathogens, although NETs favor platelets (Plts) adhesion/thrombus formation and can cause tissue damage within blood vessels. Since thrombus formation and occlusion of vessels are characteristic of HUS, PMN–Plts interaction in the context of Stx may promote netosis and contribute to the endothelial damage observed in HUS. The aim of this study was to determine the relevance of netosis induced by Stx in the context of LPS-sensitized Plts on endothelial damage. We observed that Stx2 induced a marked enhancement of netosis promoted by Plts after LPS stimulation. Several factors seemed to promote this phenomenon. Stx2 itself increased the expression of its receptor on Plts, increasing toxin binding. Stx2 also increased LPS binding to Plts. Moreover, Stx2 amplified LPS induced P-selectin expression on Plts and mixed PMN–Plts aggregates formation, which led to activation of PMN enhancing dramatically NETs formation. Finally, experiments revealed that endothelial cell damage mediated by PMN in the context of Plts treated with LPS and Stx2 was decreased when NETs were disrupted or when mixed aggregate formation was impeded using an anti-P-selectin antibody. Using a murine model of HUS, systemic endothelial damage/dysfunction was decreased when NETs were disrupted, or when Plts were depleted, indicating that the promotion of netosis by Plts in the context of LPS and Stx2 plays a fundamental role in endothelial toxicity. These results provide insights for the first time into the pivotal role of Plts as enhancers of endothelial damage through NETs promotion in the context of Stx and LPS. Consequently, therapies designed to reduce either the formation of PMN–Plts aggregates or NETs formation could lessen the consequences of endothelial damage in HUS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Inés Landoni
- Laboratorio de Fisiología de los Procesos Inflamatorios, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)/Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA), Argentina
| | - Jose R. Pittaluga
- Laboratorio de Fisiología de los Procesos Inflamatorios, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)/Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA), Argentina
| | - Agostina Carestia
- Laboratorio de Trombosis Experimental e Inmunobiología de la Inflamación, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)/Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA), Argentina
| | - Luis Alejandro Castillo
- Laboratorio de Fisiología de los Procesos Inflamatorios, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)/Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA), Argentina
| | - Marcelo de Campos Nebel
- Laboratorio de Mutagénesis, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)/Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA), Argentina
| | - Daiana Martire-Greco
- Laboratorio de Fisiología de los Procesos Inflamatorios, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)/Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA), Argentina
| | - Federico Birnberg-Weiss
- Laboratorio de Fisiología de los Procesos Inflamatorios, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)/Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA), Argentina
| | - Mirta Schattner
- Laboratorio de Trombosis Experimental e Inmunobiología de la Inflamación, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)/Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA), Argentina
| | - Pablo Schierloh
- Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo en Bioingeniería y Bioinformática, Centro Científico Tecnológico Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Gabriela C. Fernández
- Laboratorio de Fisiología de los Procesos Inflamatorios, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)/Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA), Argentina
- *Correspondence: Gabriela C. Fernández, ;
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Song C, Li H, Mao Z, Peng L, Liu B, Lin F, Li Y, Dai M, Cui Y, Zhao Y, Han D, Chen L, Huang X, Pan P. Delayed neutrophil apoptosis may enhance NET formation in ARDS. Respir Res 2022; 23:155. [PMID: 35698192 PMCID: PMC9190136 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-02065-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a neutrophil-associated disease. Delayed neutrophil apoptosis and increased levels of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been described in ARDS. We aimed to investigate the relationship between these phenomena and their potential as inflammation drivers. We hypothesized that delayed neutrophil apoptosis might enhance NET formation in ARDS. METHOD Our research was carried out in three aspects: clinical research, animal experiments, and in vitro experiments. First, we compared the difference between neutrophil apoptosis and NET levels in healthy controls and patients with ARDS and analyzed the correlation between neutrophil apoptosis and NET levels in ARDS. Then, we conducted animal experiments to verify the effect of neutrophil apoptosis on NET formation in Lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury (LPS-ALI) mice. Furthermore, this study explored the relationship between neutrophil apoptosis and NETs at the cellular level. Apoptosis was assessed using morphological analysis, flow cytometry, and western blotting. NET formation was determined using immunofluorescence, PicoGreen assay, SYTOX Green staining, and western blotting. RESULTS ARDS neutrophils lived longer because of delayed apoptosis, and the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, AT7519, reversed this phenomenon both in ARDS neutrophils and neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of LPS-ALI mice. Neutrophils in a medium containing pro-survival factors (LPS or GM-CSF) form more NETs, which can also be reversed by AT7519. Tissue damage can be reduced by promoting neutrophil apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Neutrophils with extended lifespan in ARDS usually enhance NET formation, which aggravates inflammation. Enhancing neutrophil apoptosis in ARDS can reduce the formation of NETs, inhibit inflammation, and consequently alleviate ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Song
- Infection Control Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Haitao Li
- Cancer Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410006, Hunan, China
| | - Zhi Mao
- Shenzhen Third People's Hospital of Guangdong Province, Shenzhen, 518114, Guangdong, China
| | - Ling Peng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Ben Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Fengyu Lin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Minhui Dai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yanhui Cui
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yuhao Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Duoduo Han
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Lingli Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xun Huang
- Infection Control Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Pinhua Pan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China. .,Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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Pei S, Xu C, Pei J, Bai R, Peng R, Li T, Zhang J, Cong X, Chun J, Wang F, Chen X. Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor 3 Suppress Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Production and Thrombosis During Sepsis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:844781. [PMID: 35464399 PMCID: PMC9021375 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.844781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis consists of life-threatening organ dysfunction resulting from a dysregulated response to infection. Recent studies have found that excessive neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) contribute to the pathogenesis of sepsis, thereby increasing morbidity and mortality. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a small glycerophospholipid molecule that exerts multiple functions by binding to its receptors. Although LPA has been functionally identified to induce NETs, whether and how LPA receptors, especially lysophosphatidic acid receptor 3 (LPA3), play a role in the development of sepsis has never been explored. A comprehensive understanding of the impact of LPA3 on sepsis is essential for the development of medical therapy. After intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), Lpar3 -/-mice showed a substantially higher mortality, more severe injury, and more fibrinogen content in the lungs than wild-type (WT) mice. The values of blood coagulation markers, plasma prothrombin time (PT) and fibrinogen (FIB), indicated that the Lpar3 -/- mice underwent a severe coagulation process, which resulted in increased thrombosis. The levels of NETs in Lpar3 -/- mice were higher than those in WT mice after LPS injection. The mortality rate and degree of lung damage in Lpar3 -/- mice with sepsis were significantly reduced after the destruction of NETs by DNaseI treatment. Furthermore, in vitro experiments with co-cultured monocytes and neutrophils demonstrated that monocytes from Lpar3 -/- mice promoted the formation of NETs, suggesting that LPA3 acting on monocytes inhibits the formation of NETs and plays a protective role in sepsis. Mechanistically, we found that the amount of CD14, an LPS co-receptor, expressed by monocytes in Lpar3 -/-mice was significantly elevated after LPS administration, and the MyD88-p65-NFκB signaling axis, downstream of toll-like receptor 4 signaling, in monocytes was overactivated. Finally, after an injection of the LPA3 agonist (2S)-1-oleoyl-2-methylglycero-3-phosphothionate (OMPT), the survival rate of mice with sepsis was improved, organ damage was reduced, and the production of NETs was decreased. This suggested the possible translational value and application prospects of (2S)-OMPT in the treatment of sepsis. Our study confirms an important protective role of LPA3 in curbing the development of sepsis by suppressing NETs production and thrombosis and provides new ideas for sepsis treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengqiang Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chuansheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianqiu Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ruifeng Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tiewei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- The Key Laboratory for Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangfeng Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jerold Chun
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Diagnostic Laboratory Service, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fuwai Yunnan Cardiovascular Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Diagnostic Laboratory Service, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Zhao Y, Zhang R, Zhong Y, Wang J, Weng Z, Luo H, Chen C. Statistical Analysis and Machine Learning Prediction of Disease Outcomes for COVID-19 and Pneumonia Patients. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:838749. [PMID: 35521216 PMCID: PMC9063041 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.838749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread all over the world and impacted many people’s lives. The characteristics of COVID-19 and other types of pneumonia have both similarities and differences, which confused doctors initially to separate and understand them. Here we presented a retrospective analysis for both COVID-19 and other types of pneumonia by combining the COVID-19 clinical data, eICU and MIMIC-III databases. Machine learning models, including logistic regression, random forest, XGBoost and deep learning neural networks, were developed to predict the severity of COVID-19 infections as well as the mortality of pneumonia patients in intensive care units (ICU). Statistical analysis and feature interpretation, including the analysis of two-level attention mechanisms on both temporal and non-temporal features, were utilized to understand the associations between different clinical variables and disease outcomes. For the COVID-19 data, the XGBoost model obtained the best performance on the test set (AUROC = 1.000 and AUPRC = 0.833). On the MIMIC-III and eICU pneumonia datasets, our deep learning model (Bi-LSTM_Attn) was able to identify clinical variables associated with death of pneumonia patients (AUROC = 0.924 and AUPRC = 0.802 for 24-hour observation window and 12-hour prediction window). The results highlighted clinical indicators, such as the lymphocyte counts, that may help the doctors to predict the disease progression and outcomes for both COVID-19 and other types of pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhao
- College of Computer and Data Science, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
- Centre for Big Data Research in Burns and Trauma, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Rusen Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Fuzhou First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhong
- College of Computer and Data Science, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
- Centre for Big Data Research in Burns and Trauma, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zuquan Weng
- Centre for Big Data Research in Burns and Trauma, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zuquan Weng, ; Heng Luo, ; Cunrong Chen,
| | - Heng Luo
- College of Computer and Data Science, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
- Centre for Big Data Research in Burns and Trauma, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
- MetaNovas Biotech Inc., Foster City, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Zuquan Weng, ; Heng Luo, ; Cunrong Chen,
| | - Cunrong Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zuquan Weng, ; Heng Luo, ; Cunrong Chen,
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Wang S, Lei B, Zhang E, Gong P, Gu J, He L, Han L, Yuan Z. Targeted Therapy for Inflammatory Diseases with Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Derived Exosomes: From Basic to Clinics. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:1757-1781. [PMID: 35469174 PMCID: PMC9034888 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s355366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a beneficial and physiological process, but there are a number of inflammatory diseases which have detrimental effects on the body. In addition, the drugs used to treat inflammation have toxic side effects when used over a long period of time. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are pluripotent stem cells that can be isolated from a variety of tissues and can be differentiate into diverse cell types under appropriate conditions. They also exhibit noteworthy anti-inflammatory properties, providing new options for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. The therapeutic potential of MSCs is currently being investigated for various inflammatory diseases, such as kidney injury, lung injury, osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). MSCs can perform multiple functions, including immunomodulation, homing, and differentiation, to enable damaged tissues to form a balanced inflammatory and regenerative microenvironment under severe inflammatory conditions. In addition, accumulated evidence indicates that exosomes from extracellular vesicles of MSCs (MSC-Exos) play an extraordinary role, mainly by transferring their components to recipient cells. In this review, we summarize the mechanism and clinical trials of MSCs and MSC-Exos in various inflammatory diseases in detail, with a view to contributing to the treatment of MSCs and MSC-Exos in inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Biyu Lei
- College of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - E Zhang
- Department of Basic Sciences, Officers College of People’s Armed Police, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610213, People’s Republic of China
| | - Puyang Gong
- College of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Gu
- College of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lili He
- College of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lu Han
- College of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhixiang Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Zhixiang Yuan; Lu Han, Email ;
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Tumurkhuu G, Laguna DE, Moore RE, Contreras J, Santos GDL, Akaveka L, Montano EN, Wang Y, Ishimori M, Venuturupalli S, Forbess LJ, Stripp BR, Wallace DJ, Jefferies CA. Neutrophils Contribute to ER Stress in Lung Epithelial Cells in the Pristane-Induced Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage Mouse Model. Front Immunol 2022; 13:790043. [PMID: 35185885 PMCID: PMC8850275 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.790043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH), although rare, is a life-threatening complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Little is known about the pathophysiology of DAH in humans, although increasingly neutrophils, NETosis and inflammatory monocytes have been shown to play an important role in the pristane-induced model of SLE which develops lung hemorrhage and recapitulates many of the pathologic features of human DAH. Using this experimental model, we asked whether endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress played a role in driving the pathology of pulmonary hemorrhage and what role infiltrating neutrophils had in this process. Analysis of lung tissue from pristane-treated mice showed genes associated with ER stress and NETosis were increased in a time-dependent manner and reflected the timing of CD11b+Ly6G+ neutrophil accumulation in the lung. Using precision cut lung slices from untreated mice we observed that neutrophils isolated from the peritoneal cavity of pristane-treated mice could directly induce the expression of genes associated with ER stress, namely Chop and Bip. Mice which had myeloid-specific deletion of PAD4 were generated and treated with pristane to assess the involvement of PAD4 and PAD4-dependent NET formation in pristane-induced lung inflammation. Specific deletion of PAD4 in myeloid cells resulted in decreased expression of ER stress genes in the pristane model, with accompanying reduction in IFN-driven genes and pathology. Lastly, coculture experiments of human neutrophils and human lung epithelial cell line (BEAS-2b) showed neutrophils from SLE patients induced significantly more ER stress and interferon-stimulated genes in epithelial cells compared to healthy control neutrophils. These results support a pathogenic role of neutrophils and NETs in lung injury during pristane-induced DAH through the induction of ER stress response and suggest that overactivation of neutrophils in SLE and NETosis may underlie development of DAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gantsetseg Tumurkhuu
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Duygu Ercan Laguna
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Richard E Moore
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jorge Contreras
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Gabriela De Los Santos
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Luisa Akaveka
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Erica N Montano
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yizhou Wang
- Applied Genomics, Computation, and Translational Core, Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Mariko Ishimori
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Swamy Venuturupalli
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Lindsy J Forbess
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Barry R Stripp
- Lung and Regenerative Medicine Institutes, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Daniel J Wallace
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Caroline A Jefferies
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Antunes GL, Matzenbacher LS, Costa BP, de Sousa Basso B, Levorse VGS, Antunes KH, Costa-Ferro ZSM, de Oliveira JR. Methoxyeugenol Protects Against Lung Inflammation and Suppresses Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation in an LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury Model. Inflammation 2022; 45:1534-1547. [PMID: 35267122 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-022-01639-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a life-threatening acute inflammatory disease with high rates of morbidity and mortality worldwide. 4-Allyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol (methoxyeugenol), a phenylpropanoid from a synthetic source, exhibits strong anti-inflammatory activity, but its effects on the inflammation of ALI have not yet been reported. In our study, the anti-inflammatory effects of methoxyeugenol were investigated on RAW 264.7 cells and a mice model of ALI. Our results showed that methoxyeugenol (7.5 and 30 µM) attenuated the proliferation and gene expression of interleukin (IL)-6 in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. In a mice model of ALI induced with LPS, methoxyeugenol exhibited a significant protective effect, based on influx reduction of macrophages and neutrophils into the lungs; reduction in release of the cytokines IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10; and in reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. We show that the anti-inflammatory effects of methoxyeugenol are associated with the suppression of the NFκB signaling pathway. Moreover, we demonstrated for the first time that a phenolic compound, from a synthetic source, protects against lung tissue inflammation and promotes a reduction of NET formation. These findings provided evidence for the use of methoxyeugenol as a new strategy to control inflammation in ALI disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Géssica Luana Antunes
- Laboratory of Cellular Biophysics and Inflammation, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), 6690 Ipiranga Ave, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil.
| | - Lucas Strassburger Matzenbacher
- Laboratory of Cellular Biophysics and Inflammation, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), 6690 Ipiranga Ave, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Bruna Pasqualotto Costa
- Laboratory of Cellular Biophysics and Inflammation, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), 6690 Ipiranga Ave, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Bruno de Sousa Basso
- Laboratory of Cellular Biophysics and Inflammation, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), 6690 Ipiranga Ave, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Vitor Giancarlo Schneider Levorse
- Laboratory of Cellular Biophysics and Inflammation, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), 6690 Ipiranga Ave, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Krist Helen Antunes
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Zaquer Suzana Munhoz Costa-Ferro
- Brain Institute of Rio Grande Do Sul (BraIns), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jarbas Rodrigues de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Cellular Biophysics and Inflammation, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), 6690 Ipiranga Ave, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil
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