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Lu Q, Chen B, Li A, Liang Q, Yao J, Tao Y, Dai F, Hu X, Lu J, Liu Y, Liu Y, Wang Y, Long J, Zhang R, Liu Z. The correlation between HOMA-IR and cardiometabolic risk index among different metabolic adults: a cross-sectional study. Acta Diabetol 2024:10.1007/s00592-024-02332-y. [PMID: 39122878 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-024-02332-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to explore the correlation between homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)and cardiometabolic risk index(CMRI) among different metabolic adults to evaluate the value of HOMA-IR in predicting cardiometabolic risk. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted over 18 months (from August 1, 2020 to February 18, 2022) and included 1550 participants divided into non-metabolic syndrome (non-MetS) group (n = 628) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) group (n = 922) in three centers of China. Logistic regression analysis was employed to investigate the correlation between HOMA-IR, body fat percentage, BMI (body mass index), visceral fat index, waist-to-hip ratio, vitamin D, and CMRI. Further analysis was conducted to evaluate the ability of HOMA-IR in diagnosing high CMRI within different metabolic, gender, and age groups to predict the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). RESULTS HOMA-IR was significantly higher in the MetS group compared with the non-MetS group (P < 0.05). CMRI was significantly higher in the MetS group compared to the non-MetS group (P < 0.05). According to ROC curve analysis, HOMA-IR can predict cardiovascular risk (CVR) in the general population, non-MetS individuals, and MetS people. Logistic regression analysis revealed that BMI, visceral fat index, waist-to-hip ratio, and HOMA-IR are independent risk indicators of high CVR, whereas vitamin D may exert a protective role. CONCLUSIONS HOMA-IR was an independent risk factor for increased CVR in MetS patients. Moreover, HOMA-IR elevates the risk of CVD regardless of MetS and thus can be used for screening the general population. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Registration Number: ChiCTR2100054654).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyun Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou, University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Benjian Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou, University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anxiang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou, University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingshun Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou, University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Yao
- Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiming Tao
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou, University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fangfang Dai
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoling Hu
- Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Jiayan Lu
- Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunwei Liu
- Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunyi Liu
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingxi Wang
- Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieer Long
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou, University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Zhenjie Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou, University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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Bim MA, de Pinto ADA, Claumann GS, Pelegrini A. Mediation effects of lean mass and fat mass on the relationship between body mass index and handgrip strength. Am J Hum Biol 2024; 36:e24004. [PMID: 37860994 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.24004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the mediation effects of lean mass and fat mass on the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and handgrip strength (HGS) in adolescents. METHOD The sample included 118 adolescents (60 girls) aged 10-14 years. Body composition, determined from lean mass (LM) and fat mass (FM), was measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. HGS was measured using a digital dynamometer. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and sexual maturation, treated as covariates, were evaluated by accelerometry and pubic hair development, respectively. Spearman correlation and simple mediation analysis were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS A positive relationship was observed between BMI and HGS (rho = .364, p < .001), BMI and LM (rho = .466, p < .001), LM and HGS (rho = .784, p < .001), BMI and FM (rho = .907, p < .001), and FM and HGS (rho = .291, p = .001). LM was the only significant mediator of the relationship between BMI and HGS. CONCLUSION Only LM mediated the association between BMI and HGS, almost entirely explaining the relationship. The findings reinforce the need to include LM measurements in routine strength testing. Furthermore, strategies focused on LM development may be promising in preventing low muscle strength in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateus Augusto Bim
- Health and Sports Sciences Center, Department of Physical Education, State University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | | | - Gaia Salvador Claumann
- Health and Sports Sciences Center, Department of Physical Education, State University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Andreia Pelegrini
- Health and Sports Sciences Center, Department of Physical Education, State University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
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Lefebvre L, Grunemwald T, Hamrene K, Roda C, Momas I. Unsupervised identification of cardiometabolic profiles among adolescents: findings from the PARIS birth cohort study. Eur J Pediatr 2024; 183:715-725. [PMID: 37979049 PMCID: PMC10912260 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-023-05311-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is known as a risk factor in cardiometabolic morbidity but there is no consensus on its definition for teenagers. We aimed to identify cardiometabolic health profiles and which parameters best discriminate them. K-means partitioning identified cardiometabolic profiles by sex using data on health measurements of 530 adolescents from the PARIS birth cohort. A discriminant analysis was performed. Cardiometabolic risk score and handgrip strength were also measured. Depending on definitions, MetS prevalence ranged from 0.2% to 1.3%. Two profiles were identified for the entire group and by sex: "healthy" and "at cardiometabolic risk." Weight and waist-to-height ratio or waist circumference explained more than 87% of the variance in the profile differentiation. The "at cardiometabolic risk" profiles included adolescents with overweight, a waist-to-height ratio over 0.5, and prehypertension. They had higher cardiometabolic risk scores and parents who were more likely to be overweight and have cardiometabolic diseases themselves. They also had higher birthweights, earlier adiposity-rebound and puberty ages, and lower relative handgrip strength. Conclusion: The two profiles identified, based on cardiometabolic health, were associated with early indicators and handgrip strength. Results suggest that the waist-to-height ratio is a useful clinical tool for screening individuals at cardiometabolic risk and who therefore require clinical follow-up. What is Known: • Although there is a need for tools to assess cardiometabolic health during adolescence, there is no consensus on the definition of metabolic syndrome for this age group. What is Knew: • The findings suggest that waist-to-height ratio can serve as a simple and valuable clinical tool for screening individuals at cardiometabolic risk who may require clinical monitoring for early prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Lefebvre
- Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Paris-Nord, INRAe, INSERM, UMR 1153-CRESS, HERA Team, Paris, France
- ADEME - Agence de la transition écologique, Angers, France
| | - Thomas Grunemwald
- Centre d'Examens de Santé de la Caisse Primaire d'Assurance Maladie, Paris, France
| | - Karima Hamrene
- Centre d'Examens de Santé de la Caisse Primaire d'Assurance Maladie, Paris, France
| | - Céline Roda
- Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Paris-Nord, INRAe, INSERM, UMR 1153-CRESS, HERA Team, Paris, France.
- Faculté de Pharmacie, 4 Avenue de l'Observatoire, 75006, Paris, France.
| | - Isabelle Momas
- Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Paris-Nord, INRAe, INSERM, UMR 1153-CRESS, HERA Team, Paris, France
- Faculté de Pharmacie, 4 Avenue de l'Observatoire, 75006, Paris, France
- Cellule Cohorte, Mairie de Paris, Direction de la Santé Publique, Paris, France
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Albornoz-Guerrero J, Barceló O, García-Merino S, García-Pérez-de-Sevilla G, Cigarroa I, Zapata-Lamana R. Protocol Study: Resistance Training Program, Nutritional, Sleep, and Screen Use Recommendations in Schoolchildren from Educational Centers in the Extreme South of Chile. Methods Protoc 2023; 6:74. [PMID: 37736957 PMCID: PMC10514887 DOI: 10.3390/mps6050074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood obesity has tripled, reaching critical levels of malnutrition. This factor is directly associated with a poorer health-related quality of life of the child and adolescent population. This article presents the study protocol of the project "Strong schoolchildren with a healthy lifestyle" (EF-Salud), which seeks to analyze the effects of a multicomponent program based on muscle strength exercises, sleep nutritional recommendations, and the use of screens in Chilean educational centers with extremely cold weather. METHODS The study protocol of a randomized controlled trial with a pre- and post-test conducted according to the CONSORT statement is reported. The total sample (n = 144) will be schoolchildren from six different school years, four of which will perform an intervention and two control. Intervention group 1 (from two different school years) will receive a muscular strength exercise program in the classroom once a day from Monday to Friday for six months and nutritional, sleep, and use of screens recommendations once a week. Intervention group 2 (from two different school years) will receive a program of nutritional, sleep, and use of screens recommendations once per week for six months. The control group (from two different school years) will carry out their usual school day in relation to physical education classes. Before and after the intervention, the investigators will evaluate the cardiovascular risk, physical condition, and lifestyle related to sleep and use of screens. EXPECTED RESULTS The schoolchildren in intervention group 1 will obtain significant results in increased strength, decreased cardiovascular risk, improved sleep habits, and fewer hours of screen use compared to the other two groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Albornoz-Guerrero
- Departamento de Educación y Humanidades, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas 62000000, Chile;
| | - Olga Barceló
- Department of Sports Sciences, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Sonia García-Merino
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain;
| | | | - Igor Cigarroa
- Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, Los Ángeles 4440000, Chile;
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Aoyama T, Alexander T, Asadi S, Harding JE, Meyer MP, Jiang Y, Bloomfield FH. Determinants of handgrip strength at age 2 years in children born moderate and late preterm and associations with neurodevelopmental outcomes. Early Hum Dev 2023; 180:105750. [PMID: 37003126 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2023.105750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Handgrip strength (HGS) indicates current and future health. Although preterm infants have an increased risk of poor grip strength in later life, its determinants and relationship with neurodevelopment are not well understood. AIMS To determine HGS in children born preterm and explore the relationship of HGS with demography, anthropometry, nutritional factors, and neurodevelopmental outcomes. STUDY DESIGN A prospective cohort study of moderate-late preterm babies enrolled in a randomised trial of nutritional support strategies, the DIAMOND trial. SUBJECTS A total of 116 children born between 32 and 35 weeks' gestation, whose HGS was measured at 2 years' corrected age. OUTCOME MEASURES HGS was measured using a dynamometer, and neurodevelopment was assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development-III. Anthropometry and body composition were assessed at birth, discharge, and at 4 months' and 2 years' corrected age. Information on demographics and breastfeeding practices, including type of milk at discharge and duration of exclusive breastfeeding, was collected using questionnaires. RESULTS The mean (standard deviation) HGS was 2.26 (1.07) kg. The Bayley scores were < 85 (-1 standard deviation) in 6 %, 20 %, and 1 % for the cognitive, language, and motor scales, respectively. Multiple regression analysis revealed that HGS was positively associated with language and motor scores (p < .05) after adjusting for confounding factors. HGS was not associated with sex, anthropometry, body composition, or breastfeeding practices. Maternal education was independently associated with HGS (p < .01). CONCLUSIONS HGS at age 2 years in children born moderate-late preterm is associated with language and motor development and maternal education level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Aoyama
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Japan.
| | - Tanith Alexander
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Neonatal Unit, Kidz First, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sharin Asadi
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jane E Harding
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Michael P Meyer
- Neonatal Unit, Kidz First, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yannan Jiang
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, New Zealand
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Sugimoto D, Stracciolini A, Berbert L, Nohelty E, Kobelski GP, Parmeter B, Weller E, Faigenbaum AD, Myer GD. Assessment of Physical Tests in 6-11 Years Old Children: Findings from the Play Lifestyle and Activity in Youth (PLAY) Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2552. [PMID: 36767925 PMCID: PMC9915144 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The purpose was to evaluate selected physical tests in children and to compare the outcomes by sex. A cross-sectional study design was used to evaluate children 6-11 years who completed five physical tests: hand grip, vertical jump, sit and reach, Y-balance, and obstacle course (time and score). The outcome measures including test results were descriptively examined and compared by sex. The study participants consisted of 133 children (62 males and 71 females, with a median age of 7.8 years). Girls showed superior sit and reach performance (p = 0.002) compared with boys. Boys demonstrated better Y-balance scores (p = 0.007) and faster obstacle time (p = 0.042) than girls. Sex comparison within three age groups (6-<8 years, 8-<10 years, and 10-<12 years) showed that girls performed better on the sit and reach compared with boys in the in 6-<8 years (p = 0.009). Boys demonstrated higher Y-balance scores (p = 0.017) and faster obstacle time (p = 0.007) compared with girls in the 8-<10-year age group. These data will serve to guide future efforts to evaluate normative measures of physical literacy and guide targeted training interventions to promote sustained physical activity in children with deficits relative to their age and sex norms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai Sugimoto
- The Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokyo 202-0021, Japan
| | - Andrea Stracciolini
- The Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
- Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Laura Berbert
- Biostatistics and Research Design Center, Institutional Centers for Clinical and Translational Research, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Eric Nohelty
- Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Greggory P. Kobelski
- Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Becky Parmeter
- Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Edie Weller
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Biostatistics and Research Design Center, Institutional Centers for Clinical and Translational Research, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Gregory D. Myer
- The Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
- Emory Sports Performance and Research Center (SPARC), Flowery Branch, GA 30542, USA
- Emory Sports Medicine Center, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30307, USA
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Sánchez-Delgado A, Pérez-Bey A, Izquierdo-Gómez R, Jimenez-Iglesias J, Marcos A, Gómez-Martínez S, Girela-Rejón MJ, Veiga OL, Castro-Piñero J. Fitness, body composition, and metabolic risk scores in children and adolescents: the UP&DOWN study. Eur J Pediatr 2023; 182:669-687. [PMID: 36443504 PMCID: PMC9899179 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-022-04707-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to analyse the longitudinal association between physical fitness (PF) and body composition (BC) with a metabolic risk score (Met4) in children and adolescents and to elucidate whether the association between PF and Met4 differs when using relativized or absolute fitness variables. A total of 188 children (86 females) and 195 adolescents (97 females) were included. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) was determined by the 20-m shuttle run test, and muscular fitness (MF) was determined by hand grip and standing long jump tests. Height and weight were measured, and the body mass index (Kg/m2) was calculated. Triceps and subscapular skinfolds were assessed to compute body fat percentage. Met4 was computed from systolic blood pressure, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and glucose levels. Relative CRF was longitudinally and negatively associated with Met4 in female children (β = -0.031, p = 0.025), while absolute CRF was positively associated with Met4 in male children and adolescents (β = 0.000, p < 0.05). Relative upper and lower-body MF were longitudinally and negatively associated with Met4 in female adolescents (β = -1.347, β = -0.005, p < 0.05), while absolute lower-body MF was positively associated with Met4 in male children (β = 0.000, p = 0.019). BC was longitudinally and positively associated with Met4 in male children (β-ranging from 0.011 to 0.055, all p < 0.05) and male adolescents (β-ranging from 0.011 to 0.046, all p < 0.05). Conclusion: BC is more strongly associated with Met4 than PF in children and adolescents. An optimal body weight status should be considered the main objective of health-promoting programs at childhood and adolescence. Furthermore, the way of expressing the fitness variables determines the direction of the association with Met4. What is Known: • Physical fitness is an important health indicator in children and adolescents, with great amount of previous evidence supporting the preventive role of maintaining optimal levels of both cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness for future cardiometabolic issues. What is New: • The way of reporting physical fitness variables can affect the associations between physical fitness features and cardiometabolic outcomes. Since body composition variables have a great impact on both physical fitness and cardiometabolic health, relativizing physical fitness performance by body composition could lead to erroneous conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Sánchez-Delgado
- grid.7759.c0000000103580096GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, 11519 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Alejandro Pérez-Bey
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, 11519, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cádiz, Spain.
| | - Rocío Izquierdo-Gómez
- grid.7759.c0000000103580096GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, 11519 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain ,grid.512013.4Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - José Jimenez-Iglesias
- grid.7759.c0000000103580096GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, 11519 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain ,grid.512013.4Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Ascensión Marcos
- grid.4711.30000 0001 2183 4846Department of Metabolism and Nutrition (DMN) , Institute of Food Science and Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, 28040 Spain
| | - Sonia Gómez-Martínez
- grid.4711.30000 0001 2183 4846Department of Metabolism and Nutrition (DMN) , Institute of Food Science and Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, 28040 Spain
| | - María José Girela-Rejón
- grid.4489.10000000121678994Physical Activity for HEaLth Promotion research group (PA-HELP), Faculty of Education Sciences, Department of Didactic of Corporal Expression, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Oscar L Veiga
- grid.5515.40000000119578126EstiLIFE Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Sports and Human Movement, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Castro-Piñero
- grid.7759.c0000000103580096GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, 11519 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain ,grid.512013.4Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cádiz, Spain
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Jung HW, Lee J, Kim J. Handgrip Strength Is Associated with Metabolic Syndrome and Insulin Resistance in Children and Adolescents: Analysis of Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2014-2018. J Obes Metab Syndr 2022; 31:334-344. [PMID: 36581591 PMCID: PMC9828701 DOI: 10.7570/jomes22053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reduced handgrip strength (HGS) is associated with adverse cardiometabolic health outcomes. We examined HGS, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and insulin resistance (IR) in children and adolescents. Methods The following population-based data from 2,797 participants (aged 10-18 years) of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2014-2018 were analyzed: complete anthropometric measures, HGS, MetS, and IR (subgroup with fasting insulin, n=555). HGS was analyzed as the combined HGS (CHGS) and the normalized CHGS (nCHGS=CHGS divided by body weight). Results At a mean age of 14.4 years, 276 participants (9.9%) had abdominal obesity, 56 (2.0%) had MetS, and 118 (20.9%) had IR. Individual components of MetS and IR were inversely associated with the nCHGS. The odds ratios (ORs) for MetS and IR decreased significantly with higher nCHGS after adjustment for sex, age, physical activity, and sedentary times. The optimal cut-off values that predicted MetS were 0.80 kg/kg (males) and 0.71 kg/kg (females), with significant associations with MetS (OR: 7.4 in males; 5.7 in females) and IR (OR: 3.3 in males; 3.2 in females) observed when nCHGS values were lower than those cut-offs. Conclusion HGS is associated with MetS and IR and might be a useful indicator of cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Woon Jung
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jieun Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jaehyun Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea,Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea,Corresponding author Jaehyun Kim https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0203-7443 Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 82 Gumi-ro 173beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam 13620, Korea Tel: +82-31-787-7287 Fax: +82-31-787-4054 E-mail:
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Narahara S, Ito T, Ito Y, Sugiura H, Noritake K, Ochi N. Physical Function of Japanese Preadolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10122553. [PMID: 36554075 PMCID: PMC9778239 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10122553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Children's exercise habits have changed during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to examine the physical function and physical activity of preadolescent children before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-sectional study compared time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), grip strength, single-leg standing time, and two-step tests of healthy children aged 10 to 12 years, enrolled from January 2018 to January 2020 (pre-COVID-19 group, n = 177) and from January 2021 to September 2022 (during-COVID-19 group, n = 69). The during-COVID-19 group had weaker grip strength (median: 14.4 vs. 15.8 kg; p = 0.012), worse performance on the two-step test (mean: 1.56 vs. 1.60; p = 0.013), and less MVPA (median: 4 vs. 7 h per week; p = 0.004). Logistic regression showed that the during-COVID-19 group was significantly related to weaker grip strength (odds ratio: 0.904, 95% CI: 0.829-0.986; p = 0.022) and worse performance in the two-step test (odds ratio: 0.976, 95% CI: 0.955-0.997; p = 0.028). The COVID-19 pandemic decreased exercise opportunities for preadolescent children, which may have had a negative impact on muscle strength and balance. It is essential to increase the amount of MVPA among preadolescent children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Narahara
- Department of Pediatrics, Aichi Prefecture Mikawa Aoitori Medical and Rehabilitation Center for Developmental Disabilities, Okazaki 444-0002, Japan
| | - Tadashi Ito
- Three-Dimensional Motion Analysis Laboratory, Aichi Prefectural Mikawa Aoitori Medical and Rehabilitation Center for Developmental Disabilities, Okazaki 444-0002, Japan
- Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 461-8673, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-564-64-7980
| | - Yuji Ito
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hideshi Sugiura
- Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 461-8673, Japan
| | - Koji Noritake
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Aichi Prefectural Mikawa Aoitori Medical and Rehabilitation Center for Developmental Disabilities, Okazaki 444-0002, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Ochi
- Department of Pediatrics, Aichi Prefecture Mikawa Aoitori Medical and Rehabilitation Center for Developmental Disabilities, Okazaki 444-0002, Japan
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10
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Liu J, Zhu L, Chen Z, Liao J, Liu X. Effects and dose-response relationship of exercise training on cardiometabolic risk factors in children with obesity. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2022; 35:1278-1284. [PMID: 36162139 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2022-0395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the dose-response relationship between physical activity and the improvement of cardiometabolic risks in children with obesity, and provide a reference for the recommendation of physical activity for obese children. METHODS A total of 96 children with obesity were recruited to participate in an exercise intervention program. An ActiGraph GT3X+ three-axis accelerometer was used to measure their physical activity. The dose groups (Q1∼Q4) were divided based on the quartiles of physical activity. The analysis of variance was used to compare the changes in body composition and cardiometabolic risk factors before and after the intervention. RESULTS All intervention groups showed a significant reduction in weight, body mass index, body fat percent, fat mass, fat free mass, and skeletal muscle mass (p<0.01), and the change in the Q4 and Q3 groups was greater than in the Q2 and Q1 groups. Triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were significantly reduced after intervention in all groups (p<0.01), and the change in SBP, and DBP in the Q4 group was higher than in the Q1 group (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Exercise interventions could effectively improve body composition and cardiometabolic risk factors. A higher exercise dose is associated with significant improvements in body composition, and cardiometabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxin Liu
- School of Sport and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.,Physical Education and Sports School of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhu
- School of Sport and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zekai Chen
- School of Sport and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jing Liao
- School of Sport and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoguang Liu
- School of Sport and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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11
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Mendonça FR, Ferreira de Faria W, Marcio da Silva J, Massuto RB, Castilho Dos Santos G, Correa RC, Ferreira Dos Santos C, Sasaki JE, Neto AS. Effects of aerobic exercise combined with resistance training on health-related physical fitness in adolescents: A randomized controlled trial. J Exerc Sci Fit 2022; 20:182-189. [PMID: 35401769 PMCID: PMC8958256 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background /Objective: This study aimed to compare the effects of two combined training methods on health-related physical fitness components in adolescents. Methods Seventy-six adolescents (16.1 ± 1.1 years, n = 44 female) were randomized into groups of moderate-intensity continuous training combined with resistance training (MICT + RT), high-intensity interval training combined with resistance training (HIIT + RT), or Control. The training sessions were performed twice weekly for 12 weeks. The health-related physical fitness components evaluated were: body composition, muscular and cardiorespiratory fitness. Results The intervention groups had a significant reduction in body fat percentage and improvement in abdominal repetitions and VO2peak after 12 weeks of combined exercise program (p < 0.001). Intervention effects were found to significantly reduce body fat percentage for the MICT + RT and HIIT + RT groups compared to the control group (mean difference: −3.8; 95% CI: −6.2; −1 0.3; mean difference: −4.7; 95%CI: −7.1; −2.3, respectively). For muscle fitness, significant effects of the intervention were found in increasing the number of abdominal repetitions favoring the MICT + RT group compared to the control group (mean difference: 9.5; 95% CI: 4.4; 14.7) and HIIT + RT compared to the control group (mean difference: 14.1; 95% CI 9; 19.3). For cardiorespiratory fitness, significant effects of the intervention on improving VO2peak were found in the experimental groups (MICT + RT vs Control group: mean difference: 4.4; 95% CI: 2.2; 6.6; and HIIT + RT vs. Control group: mean difference: 5.5, 95% CI: 3.3; 7.7). Conclusion The results suggest that 12 weeks of training using MCIT + RT or HIIT + RT showed a similar effect for health-related physical fitness components in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Renan Camargo Correa
- State University of Londrina, Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Jeffer Eidi Sasaki
- Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Uberaba, Brazil
| | - Antonio Stabelini Neto
- State University of Londrina, Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina, PR, Brazil.,State University Northern of Parana, Health Science Center, Jacarezinho, PR, Brazil
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12
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Fraser BJ, Rollo S, Sampson M, Magnussen CG, Lang JJ, Tremblay MS, Tomkinson GR. Health-Related Criterion-Referenced Cut-Points for Musculoskeletal Fitness Among Youth: A Systematic Review. Sports Med 2021; 51:2629-2646. [DOI: 10.1007/s40279-021-01524-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
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13
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Handgrip strength cut-off points for early detection of cardiometabolic risk in Chilean children. Eur J Pediatr 2021; 180:3483-3489. [PMID: 34105001 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-021-04142-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine whether handgrip strength is associated with cardiometabolic risk in children. The secondary aim was to establish sex-specific handgrip strength cut-off points for early detection of cardiometabolic risk. A total sample of 452 Chilean children (267 girls and 185 boys) aged 7-9 years old was analyzed. Muscle fitness was measured by an adjustable dynamometer and normalized by body mass (i.e., handgrip strength/body mass). Sex-specific cardiometabolic risk scores were computed as the sum of the waist-to-height ratio (Equation 1) or waist circumference (Equation 2) and insulin, triglycerides, high-density lipoproteins, and glycemia levels. Receiver operating curve (ROC) analyses were performed to identify those with cardiometabolic risk scores > 1 standard deviation above the mean. ROC analyses showed a significant discriminating accuracy of normalized handgrip strength in identifying cardiometabolic risk in boys (≤ 0.33) and girls (≤ 0.40) using both equations. The highest sensitivity was offered by Equation 2 for boys [46%; 95% CI (32-59%)] and for girls [71%; 95% CI (60-80)]. The greatest specificity was also offered by Equation 2 for boys [82%; 95% CI (74-88)] and girls [63%; 95% CI (55-70)]. Since the values obtained by ROC analyses are low (especially in boys), caution is warranted regarding the strength of the existing evidence base.Conclusion: These specific cut-off points according to sex for possible cardiometabolic risk could be used by Chilean health professionals and school staff as an initial assessment in the field setting. What is known • There is strong evidence for the importance of muscular fitness during childhood and adolescence for cardiometabolic risk. • There has been no research to establish minimum handgrip strength capacity levels to predict cardiometabolic risk among Chilean children. What is new • Cut-off points for handgrip strength relative to body mass to identify cardiometabolic risk in Chilean children are 0.33 in boys and 0.40 in girls. • The early use of these cut-off points and its appropriate identification could have benefits of preventive and diagnostic therapeutic intervention and as a starting point to define adequate levels of handgrip strength.
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14
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Bim MA, Pinto ADA, Scarabelot KS, Claumann GS, Pelegrini A. Handgrip strength and associated factors among Brazilian adolescents: A cross-sectional study. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2021; 28:75-81. [PMID: 34776203 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The handgrip strength (HGS) is an indicator of muscle strength associated with several health outcomes in adolescents and adults. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify HGS levels and associated modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors in adolescents. METHODS The study included 971 adolescents (496 boys) aged 15-18 years. The HGS was measured by a dynamometer, and the maximum value of right and left hands were summed for a total score. Age, economic status, balanced diet, physical activity, and sedentary behavior were assessed by questionnaires, while body mass index was determined by measuring body weight and height. Multiple linear regression was carried out to examine the association. RESULTS 65.4% of the adolescents presented low levels of HGS (boys: 73.8%; girls: 56.6%). Low levels of HGS were associated with weight status and height in both sexes. In boys, low levels of HGS were associated with age, balanced diet, physical activity, and sedentary behavior. CONCLUSION About six out of ten adolescentes presented low levels of HGS. The main predictors of low levels of HGS in boys were age, physical activity, sedentary behavior, and balanced diet, and weight status and height in both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateus Augusto Bim
- Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | - Andreia Pelegrini
- Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
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15
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Santaliestra-Pasías AM, Moreno LA, Gracia-Marco L, Buck C, Ahrens W, De Henauw S, Hebestreit A, Kourides Y, Lauria F, Lissner L, Molnar D, Veidebaum T, González-Gil EM. Prospective physical fitness status and development of cardiometabolic risk in children according to body fat and lifestyle behaviours: The IDEFICS study. Pediatr Obes 2021; 16:e12819. [PMID: 34002531 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated cardiometabolic risk (CMR) is an important factor for cardiovascular diseases later in life while physical fitness seems to decrease CMR. OBJECTIVE Thus, the aim of the present study is to assess the association between muscular fitness (MF) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) on CMR in European children, both cross-sectional and longitudinally. METHODS A total of 289 children (49.5% males) from eight European countries, aged 6 to 9, with longitudinal information on blood pressure, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, homoeostasis model assessment, body mass index, data on fitness level, objectively measured physical activity (PA), diet quality, and total screen time were included. A CMR score was calculated and dichotomized. MF and CRF were also dichotomized. Cross-sectional and longitudinal multilevel logistic regressions adjusting for lifestyle behaviours were performed. RESULTS Reaching a high level of MF during childhood as well as remaining in that level over-time were associated with an 82% and 62% lower probability of high CMR at follow-up, respectively. Also, children who became top CRF over time, showed a 77% lower probability (P < 0.05) of being in the highest CMR quartile at follow-up, independently of sociodemographic and lifestyle indicators. CONCLUSIONS A high MF at early childhood and during childhood reduces the odds of having CMR. Same occurs with the improvement of CRF during childhood. These findings highlight the importance of enhancing fitness to avoid CMR already in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba M Santaliestra-Pasías
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Zaragoza, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Luis A Moreno
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Zaragoza, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Luis Gracia-Marco
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Christoph Buck
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany.,Institute of Statistics, Bremen University, Bremen, Germany
| | - Stefaan De Henauw
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Antje Hebestreit
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | | | - Fabio Lauria
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - Lauren Lissner
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Denes Molnar
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Toomas Veidebaum
- National Institute for Health Development, Center of Health and Behavioral Science, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Esther M González-Gil
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
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16
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Absolute and Relative Handgrip Strength as Indicators of Self-Reported Physical Function and Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Survivors: The EFICAN Study. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13215292. [PMID: 34771456 PMCID: PMC8582513 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Breast cancer is the most diagnosed type of cancer worldwide and it has a high survival rate. Thus, side effects related to breast cancer and treatments compromise lots of people’s physical functions and health-related quality of life. For this reason, it is important to manage these side effects in the follow up after treatments. The handgrip strength and the handgrip strength relative to body mass index may constitute useful, simple, quick and economically feasible tools that may help clinicians detecting these side effects, which is key to undertake actions for improving the physical function and health-related quality of life of breast cancer survivors. Abstract Background: Although breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent type of cancer in the world, its high survival rate implies that many people live long after the treatments and face their side effects. The physical function (PF) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of people surviving BC decreases significantly, which makes important to identify markers that may be associated with a better health status and prognosis. Previous studies suggest that handgrip strength (HGS) and HGS relative to the body mass index (rHGS) are good indicators of PF and HRQoL in different populations. However, it is unknown whether this applies to BC survivors. This study aimed to evaluate the association of HGS and rHGS with PF and HRQoL in this population. Methods: Sixty female BC survivors participated. Handgrip strength was assessed with a dynamometer. Arm volume was estimated and upper limb impairments, as well as cancer-related fatigue, depression, life satisfaction and HRQoL, were assessed using standardized questionnaires. Results: Higher levels of HGS and rHGS were associated with higher levels of HRQoL, lower cancer-related fatigue, and fewer problems with the affected arm. Conclusions: These results suggest that HGS may be a good indicator of self-reported PF and HRQoL in female BC survivors.
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17
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Cardoso J, Scalco J, Mucha F, Caputo F, Schivinski CS. Relationship between peripheral muscle strength, exercise capacity and body composition in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis. Physiother Theory Pract 2021; 38:3010-3017. [PMID: 34470539 DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2021.1973165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN This was a transversal analytical study. BACKGROUND Exercise capacity is usually decreased in cystic fibrosis, impacting the disease prognosis. As well, peripheral muscle strength and nutritional status seem to be related to exercise capacity (EC). OBJECTIVE To verify the relationship between peripheral muscle strength, pulmonary function and body composition with EC in children and adolescents with CF. METHODS The study included CF children/adolescents that were clinically stable. The disease's severity was classified according to the Schwachman-Doerschuk score. Initially the subjects underwent bioimpedance and spirometry tests. Quadriceps muscle strength (QMS) and handgrip strength (HG) were evaluated by dynamometry. The Modified Shuttle Walk Test (MSWT) was conducted along with gas analysis in order to measure EC. RESULTS Twenty-five children/adolescents (10.30 ± 2.33 years old) participated in the survey. 72% were eutrophic, with a mean FEV1 of 68.55%, predicted percentage of the MSWT walked distance (%WD) was 70.91%, and QMS 65.80%. QMS presented significant correlations with absolute WD (r = 0.54), oxygen peak consumption (r = 0.72), lean body mass (LM) (r = 0.83), and body mass index (BMI) (r = 0.69). HG was related with BMI (r = 0.45) and LM (r = 0.65). There was a difference in the %WD between the groups with higher/lower strength (p = .02). CONCLUSION There was no correlation between HG and EC in this studied sample. Early involvement of QMS was observed even in individuals with low disease severity. This finding reinforces the importance of including this QMS assessment in CF reference centers to monitor, prevent and prescribe adequate exercise training for these individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Cardoso
- Physiotherapy Department, State University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Janaina Scalco
- Physiotherapy Department, State University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Francieli Mucha
- Physiotherapy Department, State University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Fabrizio Caputo
- Department of Physical Education, State University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis (Sc), Brazil
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Albornoz-Guerrero J, Zapata-Lamana R, Reyes-Molina D, Cigarroa I, García Pérez de Sevilla G, García-Merino S. Overweight/Obese Schoolchildren with Low Muscle Strength Have a Lower Cardiorespiratory Capacity and Greater Cardiovascular Risk: Results of the School Health Survey of the Extreme South of Chile 2019. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 8:children8090734. [PMID: 34572166 PMCID: PMC8469989 DOI: 10.3390/children8090734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To compare cardiovascular risk and cardiorespiratory capacity in schoolchildren from a region in the extreme south of Chile according to nutritional status and muscular strength. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was performed on a sample of 594 schoolchildren from 5th to 8th grade in the extreme south of Chile. Based on body mass index and lower limb muscle strength, participants were divided into four groups: high strength-normal weight, high strength-overweight/obese, low strength-normal weight, and low strength-overweight/obese. Then, waist-to-height ratio and cardiorespiratory capacity, measured with the 20 m shuttle run test, were assessed to determine their cardiovascular risk, comparing the four groups. Results: The overweight/obese group with high muscular strength presented better indicators in anthropometric variables (waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio) than their peers with low muscular strength. Additionally, the overweight/obese group with low muscular strength presented a lower cardiorespiratory capacity than their peers with high muscular strength. Both results were observed in boys and girls. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that overweight/obese schoolchildren with high muscle strength present healthier anthropometric indicators and greater cardiorespiratory capacity than their peers with low muscle strength. These results confirm the relevance of measuring muscle strength in schoolchildren and its usefulness to assess functionality. These results encourage the scientific community to continue studying the role that muscle strength plays in modulating the effects of overweight and obesity on respiratory and cardiovascular conditions in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Albornoz-Guerrero
- Departamento de Educación y Humanidades, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas 6200000, Chile;
| | | | - Daniel Reyes-Molina
- Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile;
| | - Igor Cigarroa
- Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, Santiago 8320000, Chile;
| | | | - Sonia García-Merino
- Sports Sciences Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Francisco de Vitoria University, 28223 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-617-32-26-66
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Ramírez-Vélez R, Rincón-Pabón D, Correa-Bautista JE, García-Hermoso A, Izquierdo M. Handgrip strength: Normative reference values in males and females aged 6-64 Years old in a Colombian population. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021; 44:379-386. [PMID: 34330493 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Handgrip strength (HGS) is an indicator of overall strength; therefore, individual HGS measurements should be interpreted using geographic region and ethnic group references. AIMS The aim of this study was to develop new normative values for absolute and relative HGS in the Colombian population after stratification by sex, age, and body mass using the large National Representative Nutrition Survey 2015. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 3803 subjects aged 6-64 years. Absolute HGS was measured using a hand dynamometer with an adjustable grip, and normalized HGS was calculated by dividing the HGS by body mass. Smoothed centile tables for the P3, P10, P25, P50, P75, P90, and P97 centiles were calculated using Cole's lambda-mu-sigma (LMS) method. This study used a cutoff at 2 standard deviations (SDs) below the sex-specific peak mean value across the life course to define weak, absolute and relative HGS. RESULTS In men, HGS peaked at 26-33 years of age (~43.0 kg in P50), especially in the upper centiles, and fell away quickly. The pattern was different in females, where this value peaked at ages 25-33 (~26.0 kg in P50). We found a curvilinear pattern for HGS that declined with age in both sexes. There was significant variation in the slope for HGS in men and women around the age of 25 and 35 years, respectively. CONCLUSION The normative values presented here are a valuable source of information for the clinical assessment of HGS and for comparison with studies from other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, 31008, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - David Rincón-Pabón
- ZIPATEFI (Zona de Investigaciones de Posgrados, Terapia Respiratoria y Fisioterapia de Areandina), Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina, Pereira, 110231, Colombia.
| | - Jorge E Correa-Bautista
- Grupo Rendimiento Físico Militar "RENFIMIL", Escuela Militar de Cadetes "General José María Córdova", Bogotá, 111211, Colombia.
| | - Antonio García-Hermoso
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, 31008, Spain; Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Santiago, 7500618, Chile.
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, 31008, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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20
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Temporal Trends in the Standing Broad Jump Performance of 10,940,801 Children and Adolescents Between 1960 and 2017. Sports Med 2021; 51:531-548. [PMID: 33368030 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-020-01394-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The standing broad jump (SBJ) is an excellent functional measure of explosive lower-body strength that is significantly related to health among children and adolescents. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to estimate national (country-level) and international (pooled global data) temporal trends in SBJ performance for children and adolescents, and to examine the relationships between national trends in SBJ performance and national trends in health-related and socioeconomic/demographic indicators. METHODS Data were obtained from a systematic search of studies reporting temporal trends in SBJ performance for 9- to 17-year-olds, and by examining national fitness datasets. Sample-weighted regression models estimated trends at the study/dataset-country-sex-age level, with national and international trends estimated by a post-stratified population-weighting procedure. Pearson's correlations quantified relationships between national trends in SBJ performance and national trends in health-related and socioeconomic/demographic indicators. RESULTS Data from 34 studies/datasets were extracted to estimate trends for 10,940,801 children and adolescents from 24 high-, 4 upper-middle-, and 1 low-income countries between 1960 and 2017. Collectively, there was a negligible (per decade) improvement in SBJ performance of 1.73 cm (95% CI 1.71-1.75), 0.99% (95% CI 0.97-1.01) or a standardized effect size of 0.07 (0.07-0.07) over the entire period, with the rate of improvement steady from the 1960s to the 1980s, slowing in the 1990s, before declining. Sex- and age-related temporal differences were negligible. Trends differed between countries, with most countries experiencing declines. National trends in SBJ performance were not significantly related to national trends in health-related and socioeconomic/demographic indicators. CONCLUSIONS SBJ performance of children and adolescents has declined since 2000 (at least among most of the countries in this analysis) and is suggestive of a modern decline in functional explosive lower-body strength. Growing recognition of the importance of muscular fitness as a marker of population health highlights the need for continued tracking of temporal trends in SBJ, especially among low- and lower-middle-income countries for which temporal data are lacking. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42013003657.
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Cohen DD, Sandercock GR, Camacho PA, Otero-Wandurraga J, Romero SMP, Marín RDPM, Sierra CAV, Carreño J, Moran J, Lopez-Jaramillo P. The SIMAC study: A randomized controlled trial to compare the effects of resistance training and aerobic training on the fitness and body composition of Colombian adolescents. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248110. [PMID: 33878107 PMCID: PMC8057582 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact on muscle strength, aerobic fitness and body composition, of replacing the physical education (PE) class of Colombian adolescents with resistance or aerobic training. 120 tanner stage 3 adolescents attending a state school were randomized to resistance training, aerobic training, or a control group who continued to attend a weekly 2- hour PE class for 16 weeks. The resistance training and aerobic training groups participated in twice weekly supervised after-school exercise sessions of < 1 hour instead of their PE class. Sum of skinfolds, lean body mass (bioelectrical impedance analysis), muscular strength (6 repetition maximum (RM)) bench press, lateral pulldown and leg press) and estimated cardiorespiratory fitness (multistage 20 meter shuttle run) were assessed at pre and post intervention. Complete data were available for n = 40 of the resistance training group, n = 40 of the aerobic training group and n = 30 PE (controls). Resistance training attenuated increases in sum of skinfolds compared with controls (d = 0.27, [0.09-0.36]). We found no significant effect on lean body mass. Resistance training produced a positive effect on muscle strength compared with both controls (d = 0.66 [.49-.86]) and aerobic training (d = 0.55[0.28-0.67]). There was a positive effect of resistance training on cardiorespiratory fitness compared with controls (d = 0.04 [-0.10-0.12]) but not compared with aerobic training (d = 0.24 [0.10-0.36]). Replacing a 2-hour PE class with two 1 hour resistance training sessions attenuated gains in subcutaneous adiposity, and enhanced muscle strength and aerobic fitness development in Colombian youth, based on a median attendance of approximately 1 session a week. Further research to assess whether adequate stimuli for the development of muscular fitness exists within current physical education provision is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Dylan Cohen
- Masira Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Santander (UDES), Bucaramanga, Colombia
- Sports Science Center (CCD), Colombian Ministry of Sport (Mindeporte), Colombia
| | | | - Paul Anthony Camacho
- Fundación Oftalmologica de Santander (FOSCAL), Bucaramanga, Colombia
- Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga (UNAB), Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Johanna Otero-Wandurraga
- Masira Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Santander (UDES), Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | | | | | | | - Javier Carreño
- Masira Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Santander (UDES), Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Jason Moran
- Fundación Oftalmologica de Santander (FOSCAL), Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo
- Masira Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Santander (UDES), Bucaramanga, Colombia
- Fundación Oftalmologica de Santander (FOSCAL), Bucaramanga, Colombia
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22
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Dooley FL, Kaster T, Fitzgerald JS, Walch TJ, Annandale M, Ferrar K, Lang JJ, Smith JJ, Tomkinson GR. A Systematic Analysis of Temporal Trends in the Handgrip Strength of 2,216,320 Children and Adolescents Between 1967 and 2017. Sports Med 2021; 50:1129-1144. [PMID: 32026238 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-020-01265-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate national and international temporal trends in handgrip strength for children and adolescents, and to examine relationships between trends in handgrip strength and trends in health-related and sociodemographic indicators. METHODS Data were obtained through a systematic search of studies reporting temporal trends in the handgrip strength for apparently healthy 9-17-year-olds, and by examining large national fitness datasets. Temporal trends at the country-sex-age level were estimated by sample-weighted regression models relating the year of testing to mean handgrip strength. International and national trends were estimated by a post-stratified population-weighting procedure. Pearson's correlations quantified relationships between national trends in handgrip strength and national trends in health-related/sociodemographic indicators. RESULTS 2,216,320 children and adolescents from 13 high-, 5 upper-middle-, and 1 low-income countries/special administrative regions between 1967 and 2017 collectively showed a moderate improvement of 19.4% (95% CI 18.4-20.4) or 3.8% per decade (95% CI 3.6-4.0). The international rate of improvement progressively increased over time, with more recent values (post-2000) close to two times larger than those from the 1960s/1970s. Improvements were larger for children (9-12 years) compared to adolescents (13-17 years), and similar for boys and girls. Trends differed between countries, with relationships between national trends in handgrip strength and national trends in health-related/sociodemographic indicators negligible-to-weak and not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS There has been a substantial improvement in absolute handgrip strength for children and adolescents since 1967. There is a need for improved international surveillance of handgrip strength, especially in low- and middle-income countries, to more confidently determine true international trends. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42013003657.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faith L Dooley
- Department of Education, Health and Behavior Studies, University of North Dakota, 2751 2nd Avenue North, Stop 8235, Grand Forks, ND, 58202, USA
| | - Tori Kaster
- Department of Education, Health and Behavior Studies, University of North Dakota, 2751 2nd Avenue North, Stop 8235, Grand Forks, ND, 58202, USA
| | - John S Fitzgerald
- Department of Education, Health and Behavior Studies, University of North Dakota, 2751 2nd Avenue North, Stop 8235, Grand Forks, ND, 58202, USA
| | - Tanis J Walch
- Department of Education, Health and Behavior Studies, University of North Dakota, 2751 2nd Avenue North, Stop 8235, Grand Forks, ND, 58202, USA
| | - Madison Annandale
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Katia Ferrar
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Justin J Lang
- Centre for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jordan J Smith
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Education, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Grant R Tomkinson
- Department of Education, Health and Behavior Studies, University of North Dakota, 2751 2nd Avenue North, Stop 8235, Grand Forks, ND, 58202, USA. .,Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
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23
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de Lima TR, Martins PC, Torre GL, Mannocci A, Silva KS, Silva DAS. Association between muscle strength and risk factors for metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents: a systematic review. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2021; 34:1-12. [PMID: 33055312 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2020-0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review was to identify and summarize evidence for the association between muscle strength (MS) and metabolic syndrome (MetS), and MS and combinations of risk factors for MetS in children and adolescents. Five databases (Medline/PubMed, EBSCO, Scielo, Scopus, and Web of Knowledge) were searched up to November 2019 with complementary reference list searches. Inclusion criteria were studies that investigated the relationship between MS and MetS or MS and combinations of risk factors for MetS in children and adolescents (≤19 years of age). Risk of bias was assessed using standard procedures. From the total of 15,599 articles initially identified, 13 articles were included, representing 11,641 children and adolescents. Higher MS values were associated with lower risk for MetS or combinations of risk factors for MetS (n=11/13 studies). Of the total of included studies, about 23.1% (03/13) were longitudinal and all included studies were classified as having a moderate risk of bias. This review provides preliminary evidence for a beneficial relationship between MS and MetS among children and adolescents. Additionally, although the body of evidence points to the beneficial relationship between higher MS and lower risk for combination of factors for MetS in children and adolescents, this relationship is inconclusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago R de Lima
- Research Center in Kinanthropometry and Human Performance, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - Priscila C Martins
- Research Center in Kinanthropometry and Human Performance, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - Giuseppe L Torre
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alice Mannocci
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Kelly S Silva
- Federal University of Santa Catarina, Research Group on Physical Activity and Health, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - Diego A S Silva
- Research Center in Kinanthropometry and Human Performance, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
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24
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Garcia-Hermoso A, Cofre-Bolados C, Andrade-Schnettler R, Ceballos-Ceballos R, Fernández-Vergara O, Vegas-Heredia ED, Ramírez-Vélez R, Izquierdo M. Normative Reference Values for Handgrip Strength in Chilean Children at 8-12 Years Old Using the Empirical Distribution and the Lambda, Mu, and Sigma Statistical Methods. J Strength Cond Res 2021; 35:260-266. [PMID: 29863592 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000002631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Garcia-Hermoso, A, Cofre-Bolados, C, Andrade-Schnettler, R, Ceballos-Ceballos, R, Fernández-Vergara, O, Vegas-Heredia, ED, Ramírez-Vélez, R, and Izquierdo, M. Normative reference values for handgrip strength in Chilean children at 8-12 years old using the empirical distribution and the lambda, mu, and sigma statistical methods. J Strength Cond Res 35(1): 260-266, 2021-The aim of this study was 2-fold (a) to provide sex- and age-specific handgrip reference standards for Chilean children aged 8-12 years and (b) to compare the levels of handgrip strength of Chilean children with those of children from other countries. This cross-sectional study enrolled 2,026 schoolchildren (boys n = 1,334 and girls n = 692, mean age 10.18 [1.16] years old). Handgrip strength was measured using a hand dynamometer with an adjustable grip. Relative handgrip strength was calculated by dividing handgrip strength by body mass (handgrip strength kg per mass kg). Smoothed centile curves and tables for the 10th, 20th, 30th, 40th, 50th, 60th, 70th, 80th, and 90th centiles were calculated using Cole's lambda, mu, and sigma method. The results indicate that mean handgrip strength was greater among boys than girls. Handgrip strength peaked at 16.25 (5.03) kg in boys and 14.90 (4.32) kg in girls. In addition, relative handgrip strength peaked at 0.38 (0.08) in boys and 0.34 (0.07) in girls. Chilean children of both sexes scored higher than their South American counterparts from Colombia and Peru but showed lower handgrip strength than European and Australian children. Our results provide, for the first time, sex- and age-specific handgrip reference standards for Chilean children aged 8-12.9 years. These normative reference values could help identify the levels of handgrip strength that need attention to provide appropriate feedback and advice to children about how to best improve their overall physical fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Garcia-Hermoso
- Physical Activity, Sport and Health Sciences Laboratory, University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Cristian Cofre-Bolados
- Physical Activity, Sport and Health Sciences Laboratory, University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Andrade-Schnettler
- Physical Activity, Sport and Health Sciences Laboratory, University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Ceballos-Ceballos
- Physical Activity, Sport and Health Sciences Laboratory, University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Omar Fernández-Vergara
- Physical Activity, Sport and Health Sciences Laboratory, University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Eddie D Vegas-Heredia
- Physical Activity, Sport and Health Sciences Laboratory, University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Center of Studies in Physical Activity Measurements, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia ; and
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, CIBER of Frailty and Aging Healthy (CB16/10/00315), Tudela, Navarre, Spain
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25
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Choi EY. Relationship of Handgrip Strength to Metabolic Syndrome Among Korean Adolescents 10-18 Years of Age: Results from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2014-18. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2020; 19:93-99. [PMID: 33136525 DOI: 10.1089/met.2020.0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Handgrip strength (HGS), a simple, convenient, and economic measurement of muscle strength, is known to be related to metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adults. This relationship in adolescents, however, has not been widely examined. this study investigated the relationship of MetS (as defined by the International Diabetes Federation [IDF]'s criteria) to HGS in Korean adolescents. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed data on 2802 adolescents 10-18 years of age from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2014-18, which had measured and recorded HGS, body mass index, and other parameters relevant to MetS. Normalized HGS was defined as the sum of the maximum HGS from both hands normalized per weight. Complex sample multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the relationship between HGS and MetS. Results: The risk of MetS decreased with increasing sex-specific quartile of normalized HGS in both boys and girls after adjustment for age (Ptrend < 0.001). Higher HGS was associated with lower odds of having MetS, such that for every 5% increase of normalized HGS, the odds were decreased by factors of 0.79 (0.73-0.85) and 0.67 (0.59-0.77) for boys and girls, respectively, after age adjustment. Conclusions: This population-based, nationally representative study suggests that higher HGS is associated with lower risk of MetS in Korean adolescents regardless of sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Young Choi
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
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26
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Association between Dietary Patterns and Handgrip Strength: Analysis of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data Between 2014 and 2017. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12103048. [PMID: 33028039 PMCID: PMC7601920 DOI: 10.3390/nu12103048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive anthropometric measurement methods such as those for measuring height and weight are crucial in pediatric patients. However, research focusing on the association between the type of dietary pattern and handgrip strength and handgrip-to-weight ratio in adolescents has not been carried out yet. This cross-sectional analysis of the 2014–2017 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey assessed 2327 adolescents (aged 10–18 years) who had their handgrip strength measured and analyzed its association with dietary pattern. The clusters were examined for nutritional values, and the ready-to-eat, balanced, and Western-style fast-food clusters were ultimately generated. Overall, 85.6% of the participants were assigned to a ready-to-eat dietary pattern, 9.3% to a Western-style fast-food dietary pattern, and 5.1% to a balanced dietary pattern. Compared with the participants following a balanced dietary pattern, those following a ready-to-eat dietary pattern were shown to have a significantly lower handgrip strength and handgrip-to-weight ratio. Decreased handgrip strength and handgrip-to-weight ratio values in participants following ready-to-eat dietary patterns indicate a diffuse problem in adolescents’ health and possibly imply an association between reduced muscle quality and dietary pattern. Therefore, the overall environmental factors potentially inducing such unhealthy dietary preferences should be investigated, and appropriate lifestyle changes in Korean adolescents should be encouraged.
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27
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Kim SY, Lee JS, Kim YH. Handgrip Strength and Current Smoking Are Associated with Cardiometabolic Risk in Korean Adolescents: A Population-Based Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17145021. [PMID: 32668646 PMCID: PMC7400210 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17145021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the independent association of handgrip strength and current smoking with cardiometabolic risk in adolescents. Data of 1806 adolescents (12–18 years) from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys were analyzed by complex samples logistic regression analyses. Handgrip strength was normalized by body weight into relative handgrip strength. A cardiometabolic risk index score was calculated from the z-scores of the following components: waist circumference, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, and blood pressure. Relative handgrip strength showed an inverse association with high cardiometabolic risk, with an adjusted odds ratio of 8.5 (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.7–19.3) for boys and 5.7 (95% CI, 2.9–11.2) for girls on comparing the lowest and the highest age-and sex-specific quartiles of relative handgrip strength. The adjusted odds ratios for high cardiometabolic risk on comparing the second quartile and the highest quartile of relative handgrip strength were 3.9 (95% CI, 1.7–8.9) in boys and 2.6 (95% CI, 1.3–5.3) in girls. Current smoking was independently associated with high cardiometabolic risk in boys aged 15–18 years. These findings suggest the need to increase muscle strength in adolescents and reduce smoking in older boys to promote cardiometabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sae Yun Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea;
| | - Jung Soo Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea;
| | - Yeo Hyung Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-820-3172
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28
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Influence of Body Composition on Physical Fitness in Adolescents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 56:medicina56070328. [PMID: 32630638 PMCID: PMC7404699 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56070328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives: Childhood obesity is one of the main public health issues facing advanced societies. The Spanish population presents 28.6% overweight or obese adolescents, and Extremadura, 22.3%. Physical fitness is considered one of the most important health markers and a common predictor of morbidity and mortality caused by cardiovascular diseases. Thus, fitness tests are needed for health monitoring, especially in overweight and obese adolescents. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the relationship between body composition and physical fitness in adolescents and to analyse if there are differences in physical condition and body composition between the sexes, as well as to compare the different body mass index (BMI) categories to each other. This project also tried to find regression equations to predict the physical fitness test results. Materials and Methods: A total of 225 adolescents were recruited. Weight status was classified according to WHO 2007 standards. Body composition variables (i.e., BMI, fat mass (FM), FM percentage (FM%), and fat-free mass (FFM)) and physical fitness (standing long jump (SLJ), speed–agility (SA), cardiorespiratory fitness (CF), and handgrip strength (HS)) were assessed. Results: Significant differences were found between the sexes in body composition (FM%, FM, and FFM) and physical fitness (SLJ, SA, CF, and HS) (p < 0.001) in favour of males. Significant differences were also found in speed (p = 0.002), CF (p < 0.001), and SLJ (p = 0.004) in favour of normal-weight adolescents compared to overweight and obese adolescents. Contrarily, the outcomes revealed a significantly greater HS (p = 0.014) in favour of overweight and obese participants compared to normal-weight adolescents. Moreover, the results showed that CF and SLJ correlated inversely with BMI, FM%, and total FM. There was also a direct relationship between SA and FM percentage, as well as between HS and FFM. Finally, four fitness test predictive models are proposed based on body composition, age, sex, and BMI. Conclusions: Overweight and obese adolescents have lower levels of physical fitness than their normal-weight peers, regardless of their sex. Normal-ranged body composition values are related to a greater physical fitness in adolescents. Furthermore, this study presents several equations that can help to predict the performance of different fitness tests in adolescents.
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Brand C, Sehn AP, Gaya AR, Mota J, Brazo-Sayavera J, Renner JD, Reuter CP. Physical fitness as a moderator in the relationship between adiposity and cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2020; 60:1567-1575. [PMID: 32614155 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.20.11130-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to verify the moderator role of physical fitness in the relationship between adiposity and cardiometabolic risk factors in normal weight and overweight/obese children and adolescents. METHODS Cross-sectional study comprising 2482 children and adolescents, aged 7-17 years. Physical fitness was evaluated according the procedures of Projeto Esporte Brazil, and waist circumference (WC) with an inelastic tape. Cardiometabolic risk score was defined by the z-score sum of glucose, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Moderation analysis was done through linear regression models. RESULTS Significant interaction term for cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF)×WC with cardiometabolic risk factors (P<0.001), as well as for lower limbs strength (LLS)×WC (P<0.001) and agility × WC (P=0.01) in normal weight girls. For normal weight boys it was found a significant interaction term for CRF×WC with cardiometabolic risk factor (P=0.007), and also for agility × WC (P=0.003), while overweight/obese boys showed a significant interaction term only for agility × WC with cardiometabolic risk factor (P=0.001). CONCLUSIONS CRF, LLS and agility are moderators in the relationship between WC and cardiometabolic risk factors in normal weight girls, while CRF and agility were moderators for normal weight boys and only agility for overweight/obese boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Brand
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Santa Cruz do Sul, Brazil -
| | - Ana P Sehn
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Santa Cruz do Sul, Brazil
| | - Anelise R Gaya
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jorge Mota
- Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Javier Brazo-Sayavera
- Polo de Desarrollo Universitario EFISAL, Centro Universitario Regional Noreste, University of the Republic, Rivera, Uruguay
| | - Jane D Renner
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Santa Cruz do Sul, Brazil
| | - Cézane P Reuter
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Santa Cruz do Sul, Brazil
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30
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Trends in measures of handgrip strength from 2014 to 2017 among Korean adolescents using the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data. BMC Res Notes 2020; 13:307. [PMID: 32605654 PMCID: PMC7329499 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-020-05112-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Object Measuring handgrip strength is a useful method to evaluate sarcopenia. No study has shown the trends of handgrip strength to weight ratio among Korean adolescents by year. This study aimed to determine the trends of handgrip strength among Korean adolescents using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Data of 2304 adolescents who participated in the KNHANES between 2014 and 2017 were obtained. The handgrip-to-weight ratios were categorized by age, sex, and year. Results Handgrip strength in adolescents decreased from 28.67 kg in 2014 to 27 kg in 2017 (P for trend < 0.05). The handgrip-to-weight ratio also decreased from 51.48 in 2014 to 48.18 in 2017 (P for trend < 0.05). The handgrip strength and handgrip-to-weight ratio also decreased among boys and girls over the years 2014–2017 (P for trend < 0.05). The results of the present study indicate that the handgrip-to-weight ratio decreased in Korean adolescents from the years 2014 to 2017, and a declining overall ratio indicates a decrease in the health status among Korean adolescents. Hence, there is a need to review the health status of Korean adolescents.
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Palacio-Agüero A, Díaz-Torrente X, Quintiliano Scarpelli Dourado D. Relative handgrip strength, nutritional status and abdominal obesity in Chilean adolescents. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234316. [PMID: 32520942 PMCID: PMC7286492 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Handgrip strength (HGS) is a well-established indicator of muscle strength and can help to identify risk of sarcopenic obesity in children. This study explores the relationship between adiposity and muscular strength in healthy Chilean adolescents. Adolescents (n = 491) aged 10–17 were selected from five schools in Santiago, Chile. HGS was determined by dynamometry. Anthropometry (weight, height, waist and mid arm circumference), physical activity and socioeconomic status were also measured. Relative HGS (RHGS) was calculated by dividing maximum HGS of the dominant hand by body-mass index (BMI) and low RHGS was categorized as <25th percentile by sex. Logistic regression was used to determine the relationship between two markers of adiposity (abdominal obesity category by waist circumference and nutritional status measured by BMI category) and low RHGS, adjusting for possible confounding variables. Participants were on average 13.6y (2.4), 32.8% were overweight or obese and 37.5% were at risk of or had abdominal obesity. RHGS was 1.25 kg/kg/m2 overall, with a significant difference by sex (1.51 for boys versus 1.14 for girls). In adjusted analyses, boys and girls with risk of abdominal obesity, had 3.3 (1.6–6.6) and 4.1 (1.8–9.3) increased odds of low RHGS, respectively, compared to boys and girls with normal waist circumference. Those with abdominal obesity compared to normal WC, had 8.5 (3.4–21.4) and 6.5 (2.0–21.3) increased odds of low RHGS for boys and girls, respectively. We observed similar associations for BMI category. In our sample of healthy adolescents, higher adiposity related to greater odds of low muscle strength measured by dynamometry. Considering the demographic shift from a young to an aging population in many countries, along with the increasing prevalence of obesity beginning in childhood, understanding how adiposity relates to low muscle strength is of growing importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Palacio-Agüero
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Medicina-Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ximena Díaz-Torrente
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Medicina-Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
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Garcia-Hermoso A, Tordecilla-Sanders A, Correa-Bautista JE, Peterson MD, Izquierdo M, Quino-Ávila AC, Sandoval-Cuellar C, González-Ruíz K, Ramírez-Vélez R. Muscle strength cut-offs for the detection of metabolic syndrome in a nonrepresentative sample of collegiate students from Colombia. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2020; 9:283-290. [PMID: 32444153 PMCID: PMC7242216 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence shows an association between grip strength and health; however, grip strength cut-offs for the detection of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Latin American populations are scarce. The purpose of this study was to determine cut-offs of normalized grip strength (NGS) for the detection of MetS in a large nonrepresentative sample of a collegiate student population from Colombia. METHODS A total of 1795 volunteers (61.4% female; age = 20.68 ± 3.10 years, mean ± SD), ranging between 18 and 30 years of age participated in the study. Strength was estimated using a handheld dynamometer and normalized to body mass (handgrip strength (kg)/body mass (kg)). Anthropometrics, serum lipids indices, blood pressure, and fasting plasma glucose were measured. Body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis. MetS was defined as including ≥3 of the 5 metabolic abnormalities according to the International Diabetes Federation definition. A metabolic risk score was computed from the following components: waist circumference, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. RESULTS Receiver operating curve analysis showed significant discriminatory accuracy of NGS in identifying the thresholds and risk categories. Lower strength was associated with increased prevalence of MetS. In males, weak, intermediate, and strong NGS values at these points were <0.466, 0.466-0.615, >0.615, respectively. In females, these cut-off points were <0.332, 0.332-0.437, >0.437, respectively. CONCLUSION Our sex-specific cut-offs of NGS could be incorporated into a clinical setting for identifying college students at cardiometabolic disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Garcia-Hermoso
- Physical Activity, Sport and Health Sciences Laboratory, University of Santiago de Chile, Santiago de Chile 7500618, Chile.
| | - Alejandra Tordecilla-Sanders
- Center of Studies in Physical Activity Measurements, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá 111221, Colombia
| | - Jorge Enrique Correa-Bautista
- Center of Studies in Physical Activity Measurements, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá 111221, Colombia
| | - Mark D Peterson
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, CIBERFES (CB16/10/00315), Navarre 31009, Spain
| | | | | | - Katherine González-Ruíz
- Physical Exercise and Sports Research Group, Manuela Beltrán University, Bogotá 111221, Colombia
| | - Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Center of Studies in Physical Activity Measurements, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá 111221, Colombia
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García-Hermoso A, Ramírez-Campillo R, Izquierdo M. Is Muscular Fitness Associated with Future Health Benefits in Children and Adolescents? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies. Sports Med 2020; 49:1079-1094. [PMID: 30953308 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-019-01098-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No previous systematic review has quantitatively examined the association between muscular fitness during childhood and adolescence and health parameters later in life. OBJECTIVE The aim was to systematically review and meta-analyze the current evidence for a prospective association between muscular fitness in childhood and adolescence and future health status. METHODS Two authors systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and SPORTDiscus electronic databases and conducted manual searching of reference lists of selected articles. Relevant articles were identified by the following criteria: apparently healthy children and adolescents aged 3-18 years with muscular fitness assessed at baseline (e.g., handgrip, standing long jump, sit-ups, among others), and a follow-up period of ≥ 1 year. The outcome measures were anthropometric and adiposity measurements and cardiometabolic, bone and musculoskeletal health parameters. Two authors independently extracted data. RESULTS Thirty studies were included in the meta-analysis, yielding a total of 21,686 participants. The meta-analysis found a significant, moderate-large (p < 0.05) effect size between muscular fitness at baseline and body mass index (r = - 0.14; 95% confidence interval (CI) - 0.21 to - 0.07), skinfold thickness (r = - 0.32; 95% CI - 0.40 to - 0.23), homeostasis model assessment estimated insulin resistance (r = - 0.10; 95% CI - 0.16 to - 0.05), triglycerides (r = - 0.22; 95% CI - 0.30 to - 0.13), cardiovascular disease risk score (r = - 0.29; 95% CI - 0.39 to - 0.18), and bone mineral density (r = 0.166; 95% CI 0.086 to 0.243) at follow-up. CONCLUSION A prospective negative association was observed between muscular fitness in childhood/adolescence and adiposity and cardiometabolic parameters in later life, together with a positive association for bone health. There is inconclusive evidence for low back pain benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio García-Hermoso
- Navarrabiomed, IdiSNa, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain. .,Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Rodrigo Ramírez-Campillo
- Laboratory of Human Performance, Quality of Life and Wellness Research Group, Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos (University of Los Lagos), Osorno, Chile
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Navarrabiomed, IdiSNa, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
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García-Hermoso A, Agostinis-Sobrinho C, Camargo-Villalba GE, González-Jiménez NM, Izquierdo M, Correa-Bautista JE, Ramírez-Vélez R. Normal-Weight Obesity Is Associated with Poorer Cardiometabolic Profile and Lower Physical Fitness Levels in Children and Adolescents. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12041171. [PMID: 32331411 PMCID: PMC7230357 DOI: 10.3390/nu12041171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Normal-weight obesity (NWO) syndrome has been shown to be associated with cardiometabolic dysfunction. However, little is known regarding this potential relationship in Latin American children and adolescents. The aim of this study was two-fold: (i) to investigate whether Colombian youth with NWO syndrome have a poorer cardiometabolic profile and physical fitness performance than normal-weight lean (NWL) peers; and (ii) to determine if physical fitness levels are related to prevalence of normal-weight obesity in youth. This was an analytical cross-sectional study of 1919 youths (9-179 years old, 53.0% girls) in the capital area of Colombia. NWO was defined as a body mass index < 25 kg/m2 and a validated body fat percentage above the sex-age-specific 90th percentile for Colombian children and adolescents. Body fat was estimated using bioelectrical impedance analysis, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) was estimated using the 20-meter shuttle run test, and muscular fitness with the handgrip test. Biochemical profile blood samples were collected for cardiometabolic risk factors. After adjusting for chronological age, pubertal stage, and Mediterranean diet adherence, the NWO group (boys and girls) had significantly higher values for cardiometabolic risk factors, and waist circumference (WC) than the NWL group. The prevalence of NWO was lower in youth classified with healthy CRF (boys, odds ratio (OR) = 0.54, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.37 to 0.78; girls, OR = 0.35, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.50), p < 0.001. Our findings indicate that using only body mass index for the assessment of cardiometabolic risk likely misrepresents true adiposity and suggest the need to include the assessment of body fat in the routine clinical evaluation of individuals during childhood and adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio García-Hermoso
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Navarrabiomed-IdiSNA, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.I.); (J.E.C.-B.); (R.R.-V.)
- Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Santiago 7500618, Chile
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-848-424-931
| | | | | | | | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Navarrabiomed-IdiSNA, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.I.); (J.E.C.-B.); (R.R.-V.)
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Enrique Correa-Bautista
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Navarrabiomed-IdiSNA, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.I.); (J.E.C.-B.); (R.R.-V.)
| | - Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Navarrabiomed-IdiSNA, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.I.); (J.E.C.-B.); (R.R.-V.)
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Kang Y, Park S, Kim S, Koh H. Handgrip Strength Among Korean Adolescents With Metabolic Syndrome in 2014-2015. J Clin Densitom 2020; 23:271-277. [PMID: 30316682 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocd.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is increasing worldwide in adolescents. Metabolic syndrome is a systemic disease that is likely to be associated with other diseases. Studies have shown a relationship between muscle strength, muscle quality, and metabolic syndrome. Handgrip strength is known as a simple tool to measure muscle strength. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the relationship between handgrip strength and metabolic syndrome and each metabolic syndrome features in adolescents. Data were obtained from 1050 adolescents (574 boys, 476 girls; age 10-18 years) who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We used the International Diabetes Federation metabolic syndrome guideline and National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guideline for children to define metabolic syndrome. The highest handgrip strength for both hands was recorded. Handgrip strength was also divided by the participants' own weight (handgrip-to-weight ratio). Adolescents with metabolic syndrome defined by each guideline have higher handgrip strength (p < 0.05). When handgrip strength was divided with participants' own body weight (handgrip-to-weight ratio), values were decreased in participants with metabolic syndrome (p < 0.05). The male participants tend to have higher handgrip-to-weight ratio than female. However, the handgrip-to-weight ratio was found to be decreased regardless of gender when the metabolic syndrome feature was present. This study shows that handgrip strength is associated with metabolic syndrome in adolescents. This is the first study to compare handgrip strength and metabolic syndrome in Korean adolescents. Given that handgrip strength is associated with metabolic syndrome in adolescents, it can be a diagnostic modality to easily identify the patients' current state in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunkoo Kang
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Pediatric Liver Disease Research Group, Severance Children's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sowon Park
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Pediatric Liver Disease Research Group, Severance Children's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Kim
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Pediatric Liver Disease Research Group, Severance Children's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Koh
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Pediatric Liver Disease Research Group, Severance Children's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Amado-Pacheco JC, Prieto-Benavides DH, Correa-Bautista JE, García-Hermoso A, Agostinis-Sobrinho C, Alonso-Martínez AM, Izquierdo M, Ramírez-Vélez R. Feasibility and Reliability of Physical Fitness Tests among Colombian Preschool Children. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E3069. [PMID: 31450815 PMCID: PMC6747194 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16173069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the feasibility and reliability of physical fitness field tests used in the "Fuprecol kids" study among Colombian preschool children aged 3-5 years. A total of 90 preschoolers aged 3-5 years participated in the study. Weight, height, waist circumference, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), musculoskeletal fitness (handgrip strength and standing broad jump), speed-agility (4 × 10 m shuttle run), and flexibility (sit and reach test) components were tested twice (two weeks apart). The feasibility of the tests (preschoolers able to complete the test) ranged from 96% in the CRF test to 100% in the musculoskeletal fitness, speed-agility, and flexibility tests. Overall, the %TEMs were 0.625% for the weight, 0.378% for the height, 1.035% for the body mass index, and 0.547 % for the waist circumference. In addition, all tests were substantial reliable, for CRF (in stages and laps, concordance correlation coefficient = 0.944 and 0.941, respectively) in both sexes and flexibility (concordance correlation coefficient = 0.949) in girls. There were no significant differences in fitness test-retest mean differences in the boys (P > 0.05), except in CRF (laps P = 0.017). In girls, there were differences in CRF (stages (P = 0.017) and laps (P= 0.013)), and flexibility (P = 0.002) variables. The results from this study indicate that the "Fuprecol kids" battery of tests, administered by physical education teachers, was reliable and feasible for measuring components of physical fitness in preschoolers in a school setting in Colombia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Cesar Amado-Pacheco
- Public school teacher. Colegio Brasilia Bosa, District Secretary of Education, Bogotá 110711, Colombia
| | - Daniel Humberto Prieto-Benavides
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Navarrabiomed-Biomedical Research Centre, IDISNA-Navarra's Health Research Institute, C/irunlarrea 3, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Jorge Enrique Correa-Bautista
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Navarrabiomed-Biomedical Research Centre, IDISNA-Navarra's Health Research Institute, C/irunlarrea 3, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Antonio García-Hermoso
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Navarrabiomed-Biomedical Research Centre, IDISNA-Navarra's Health Research Institute, C/irunlarrea 3, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
- Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Santiago 9160030, Chile
| | | | - Alicia María Alonso-Martínez
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Navarrabiomed-Biomedical Research Centre, IDISNA-Navarra's Health Research Institute, C/irunlarrea 3, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Navarrabiomed-Biomedical Research Centre, IDISNA-Navarra's Health Research Institute, C/irunlarrea 3, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28001 Madrid, Spain
| | - Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Navarrabiomed-Biomedical Research Centre, IDISNA-Navarra's Health Research Institute, C/irunlarrea 3, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
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García-Hermoso A, Ramírez-Campillo R, Izquierdo M. Is Muscular Fitness Associated with Future Health Benefits in Children and Adolescents? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies. Sports Med 2019; 49:1079-1094. [PMID: 30953308 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-019-01098-6/tables/3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No previous systematic review has quantitatively examined the association between muscular fitness during childhood and adolescence and health parameters later in life. OBJECTIVE The aim was to systematically review and meta-analyze the current evidence for a prospective association between muscular fitness in childhood and adolescence and future health status. METHODS Two authors systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and SPORTDiscus electronic databases and conducted manual searching of reference lists of selected articles. Relevant articles were identified by the following criteria: apparently healthy children and adolescents aged 3-18 years with muscular fitness assessed at baseline (e.g., handgrip, standing long jump, sit-ups, among others), and a follow-up period of ≥ 1 year. The outcome measures were anthropometric and adiposity measurements and cardiometabolic, bone and musculoskeletal health parameters. Two authors independently extracted data. RESULTS Thirty studies were included in the meta-analysis, yielding a total of 21,686 participants. The meta-analysis found a significant, moderate-large (p < 0.05) effect size between muscular fitness at baseline and body mass index (r = - 0.14; 95% confidence interval (CI) - 0.21 to - 0.07), skinfold thickness (r = - 0.32; 95% CI - 0.40 to - 0.23), homeostasis model assessment estimated insulin resistance (r = - 0.10; 95% CI - 0.16 to - 0.05), triglycerides (r = - 0.22; 95% CI - 0.30 to - 0.13), cardiovascular disease risk score (r = - 0.29; 95% CI - 0.39 to - 0.18), and bone mineral density (r = 0.166; 95% CI 0.086 to 0.243) at follow-up. CONCLUSION A prospective negative association was observed between muscular fitness in childhood/adolescence and adiposity and cardiometabolic parameters in later life, together with a positive association for bone health. There is inconclusive evidence for low back pain benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio García-Hermoso
- Navarrabiomed, IdiSNa, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
- Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Rodrigo Ramírez-Campillo
- Laboratory of Human Performance, Quality of Life and Wellness Research Group, Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos (University of Los Lagos), Osorno, Chile
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Navarrabiomed, IdiSNa, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
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Garcia-Hermoso A, Tordecilla-Sanders A, Correa-Bautista JE, Peterson MD, Izquierdo M, Prieto-Benavides D, Sandoval-Cuellar C, González-Ruíz K, Ramírez-Vélez R. Handgrip strength attenuates the adverse effects of overweight on cardiometabolic risk factors among collegiate students but not in individuals with higher fat levels. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6986. [PMID: 31061449 PMCID: PMC6503140 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43471-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of this study are to (i) examine a clustered metabolic syndrome composite score (MetScore) and fatness among college students across body mass index (BMI) categories, and (ii) determine whether fit individuals have lower MetScores, fewer individual metabolic syndrome components, and lower fatness than unfit individuals across BMI categories. A total of 1,795 participants aged >18 years who participated in The FUPRECOL Study were selected for the present analyses. Handgrip strength was tested by a grip dynamometer and used to classify adults as fit or unfit. Among all participants, MetScore, percentage of body fat, and visceral adiposity increased linearly across the BMI categories among college students (all P < 0.001). Individuals who were overweight and fit had a lower MetScore (-0.6 SD; P = 0.02), body fat percentage (-2.6%; P < 0.001) and visceral adiposity (-0.2; P = 0.01) than unfit peers. Moderately fit obese individuals had significantly lower visceral fat levels than unfit obese peers (-3.0; P = 0.03). These results suggest that having adequate handgrip strength-a proxy of overall strength capacity-may attenuate obesity-related cardiometabolic risk. Moreover, weight loss should be recommended to all individuals with obesity, even among those who are currently considered fit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Garcia-Hermoso
- Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Jorge Enrique Correa-Bautista
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Navarrabiomed, IdiSNA, CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Mark D Peterson
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Navarrabiomed, IdiSNA, CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | | | | | - Katherine González-Ruíz
- Grupo de Ejercicio Físico y Deportes, Vicerrectoría de Investigaciones, Programa de Fisioterapia, Universidad Manuela Beltrán, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Navarrabiomed, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
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Garcia-Hermoso A, Oriol-Granado X, Correa-Bautista JE, Ramírez-Vélez R. Association between bullying victimization and physical fitness among children and adolescents. Int J Clin Health Psychol 2019; 19:134-140. [PMID: 31193131 PMCID: PMC6517651 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to analyze the relationship between being bullied and the physical fitness components, and to determine whether a healthy physical fitness level is related with lower victimization in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity compared to unfit overweight/obese peers. METHOD The present cross-sectional study included a total of 7,714 youths (9-17 years), categorized as normal-weight or overweight/obese and fit or unfit according to sex-specific handgrip strength and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) cut-points. Bullying (physical, verbal, social exclusion, sexual harassment, and cyberbullying) was assessed through the Standard Health Behavior in School-aged Children survey questions. RESULTS Boys and girls that were categorized as fit (healthy level of CRF) showed lower traditional bullying compared to unfit counterparts. Also, a healthy level of CRF could be a protective factor of traditional bullying among overweight/obese youths compared to unfit overweight/obese peers. CONCLUSIONS CRF is related with lower risk for experiencing traditional bullying in Latino youths with and without obesity, thus emphasizing the role of fitness even among youth with excess of adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Garcia-Hermoso
- Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Chile
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Muscle strength field-based tests to identify European adolescents at risk of metabolic syndrome: The HELENA study. J Sci Med Sport 2019; 22:929-934. [PMID: 31060964 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether handgrip strength (HG) and/or standing long jump (SLJ) are capable of detecting risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in European adolescents, and to identify age- and sex-specific cut points for these tests. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS Participants included 969 (aged 12.5-17.5 years old) adolescents from 9 European countries (n = 520 girls). Absolute and relative HG and SLJ tests were used to assess upper and lower muscle strength, respectively. MetS status was determined using the age- and sex-specific cut points proposed by Jolliffe and Janssen´s, Additionally, we computed a continuous cardiometabolic risk index with the average z-score of four cardiometabolic risk factors: Wait circumference, mean arterial pressure, triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and fasting insulin. RESULTS The prevalence of MetS was 3.1% in European adolescents. Relative HG and absolute SLJ were the best tests for detecting the presence of MetS (Area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC) = 0.799, 95%CI:0.773-0.824; and AUC = 0.695 95%CI:0.665-0.724), respectively) and elevated cardiometabolic risk index (AUC = 0.873, 95%CI:0.838-0.902; and AUC = 0.728 95%CI:0.698-0.756), respectively) and, regardless of cardiorespiratory fitness. We provide age- and sex-specific cut points of upper and lower muscle strength for European adolescents to identify the presence of MetS and elevated cardiometabolic risk index. CONCLUSIONS The proposed health-related cut points could be used as a starting point to define health-related levels of upper and lower muscle strength in adolescents. Likewise, the diagnostic statistics provided herein can be used to offer feedback to adolescents, parents, and education and health professionals about what it means to meet or fail test standards.
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Castro-Piñero J, Perez-Bey A, Cuenca-Garcia M, Cabanas-Sanchez V, Gómez-Martínez S, Veiga OL, Marcos A, Ruiz JR, Gomez-Martinez S, Nova E, Diaz LE, Zapatera B, Veses AM, Hernandez A, Gheorghe A, Castro-Piñero J, Mora-Vicente J, Gonzalez Montesinos JL, Conde-Caveda J, Ruiz JR, Ortega FB, Moledo CP, Baeza AC, Chillon P, del Rosario Fernandez J, Galo AG, Guerra GB, Alfonso AD, Parrilla F, Gomez R, Gavala J, Veiga OL, Villagra HA, del J, Campo, Cordente C, Diaz M, Tejero CM, Acha A, Moya JM, Sanz A, Martinez-Gomez D, Cabanas-Sanchez V, Rodriguez Romo G, Izquierdo R, Garcia-Cervantes L, Esteban-Cornejo I, Bandres F, Lucia A, Santiago C, Gomez-Gallego F. Muscle Fitness Cut Points for Early Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk in Children and Adolescents. J Pediatr 2019; 206:134-141.e3. [PMID: 30413315 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study the cross-sectional and longitudinal (2-year follow-up) association between muscle fitness and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in youth; whether there are muscle fitness cut points associated with CVD risk (cross-sectional); and whether the health-related muscle fitness cut points identified at baseline are associated with CVD risk 2 years later. STUDY DESIGN In total, 237 children (110 girls) aged 6-10 years and 274 adolescents (131 girls) aged 12-16 years with complete data were included in the study (10.3% drop out). The handgrip strength and the standing long jump tests were used to assess muscle fitness. CVD risk score was computed with sum of 2 skinfolds, systolic blood pressure, insulin, glucose, triglycerides, and total cholesterol/high density lipoprotein cholesterol. RESULTS Muscle fitness at baseline was associated inversely with single CVD risk factors and CVD risk score at baseline and 2-year follow-up (all P < .05). Receiver operating characteristics curve analyses showed a significant discriminating accuracy of handgrip strength in identifying CVD risk in children and adolescents (boys: ≥ 0.367 and ≥0.473; girls: ≥ 0.306 and ≥0.423 kg/kg body mass, respectively, all P < .001). Similarly, the standing long jump cut points for children and adolescents were ≥104.5 and ≥140.5 in boys, and ≥81.5 and ≥120.5 cm in girls, respectively (all P < .05). These cut points were associated with CVD risk 2 years later (all P < .01). CONCLUSIONS Muscle fitness is associated with present and future cardiovascular health in youth, and is independent of cardiorespiratory fitness. It should be monitored to identify youth at risk who could benefit from intervention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Castro-Piñero
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Puerto Real, Spain.
| | - Alejandro Perez-Bey
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Magdalena Cuenca-Garcia
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Verónica Cabanas-Sanchez
- Department of Physical Education, Sports and Human Movement, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Gómez-Martínez
- Immunonutrition Group, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (SCIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar L Veiga
- Department of Physical Education, Sports and Human Movement, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ascensión Marcos
- Immunonutrition Group, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (SCIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jonatan R Ruiz
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFIT), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Abstract
This commentary highlights 23 noteworthy publications from 2018, selected by leading scientists in pediatric exercise science. These publications have been deemed as significant or exciting in the field as they (a) reveal a new mechanism, (b) highlight a new measurement tool, (c) discuss a new concept or interpretation/application of an existing concept, or (d) describe a new therapeutic approach or clinical tool in youth. In some cases, findings in adults are highlighted, as they may have important implications in youth. The selected publications span the field of pediatric exercise science, specifically focusing on: aerobic exercise and training; neuromuscular physiology, exercise, and training; endocrinology and exercise; resistance training; physical activity and bone strength; growth, maturation, and exercise; physical activity and cognition; childhood obesity, physical activity, and exercise; pulmonary physiology or diseases, exercise, and training; immunology and exercise; cardiovascular physiology and disease; and physical activity, inactivity, and health.
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Independent and combined effects of handgrip strength and adherence to a Mediterranean diet on blood pressure in Chilean children. Nutrition 2018; 60:170-174. [PMID: 30611079 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to examine the combined associations between handgrip strength (HGS) and adherence to a Mediterranean diet with blood pressure (BP) in Chilean children. METHODS This cross-sectional study enrolled 1140 children (794 boys and 346 girls) 8 to 12 y of age. HGS was measured using a hand dynamometer with an adjustable grip. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet was assessed with the Kidmed score. Resting BP was measured by an automated monitor using an appropriately sized cuff. Elevated BP was defined as ≥90th percentile, and high HGS was defined as sex- and age-specific normative ≥80th percentile for the HGS. RESULTS The prevalence of elevated systolic BP, diastolic BP, and overall BP were 16.6%, 12.9%, and 8.1%, respectively. HGS was negatively associated with BP parameters in an unadjusted and adjusted model after considering potential confounders (age, sex, body mass index z-score, and HGS). Regarding diet adherence, the unadjusted model reveals that children with high adherence to the Mediterranean diet showed lower BP levels (systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressure) compared with children with low-medium adherence; however, these differences disappear after considering potential confounders. The combination of high HGS and optimal adherence to a Mediterranean diet was negatively associated with BP. CONCLUSIONS Children with a high HGS levels (i.e., ≥80th percentile) may somewhat overcome the deleterious effects of low adherence to a Mediterranean diet. Therefore, these findings suggest that the combination of these two components of a healthy lifestyle, especially HGS may be beneficial to children's BP.
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Ramírez-Vélez R, Izquierdo M, Correa-Bautista JE, Tordecilla-Sanders A, Correa-Rodríguez M, Schmidt Rio-Valle J, González-Jiménez E, González-Ruíz K. Grip Strength Moderates the Association between Anthropometric and Body Composition Indicators and Liver Fat in Youth with an Excess of Adiposity. J Clin Med 2018; 7:jcm7100347. [PMID: 30322094 PMCID: PMC6210856 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7100347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Paediatric non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered the most common early driver of chronic liver disease. The aim of this study was to examine whether grip strength moderates the association between anthropometric and body composition parameters and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), an indicator of fat deposits in the liver, in children and adolescents with excess of adiposity. A total of 127 adolescents (67% girls) aged between 11 and 17, attending two public schools in Bogotá (Colombia), who had an axiological evaluation of obesity were included in this study. A grip strength test was assessed as an indicator of muscular strength, and cardiorespiratory fitness by maximal oxygen uptake was assessed using the 20 m shuttle-run test. Waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), fat mass, and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) (cm³) were included as anthropometric and body composition measures. CAP was determined with a FibroScan® 502 Touch device (Echosens, Paris, France). The anthropometric and body composition parameters including WC, WHtR, fat mass, and VAT were positively associated with the CAP (range β = 0.423 to 0.580), slightly reduced after being adjusted for handgrip strength/weight. The Johnson-Neyman technique revealed a significant inverse relationship between WC, WHtR, VAT, and CAP when grip strength normalized by body mass was above but not equal to or below 0.475 (8.1% of the sample), 0.469 (8.9% of the sample), and 0.470 (8.5% of the sample), respectively. In conclusion, grip strength adjusted by body mass, has a moderating effect on the association between anthropometric and body composition parameters (including WC, WHtR, and VAT) and CAP in in children and adolescents with excess of adiposity, suggesting the importance of promoting muscular strength during paediatric population in order to prevent NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Centro de Estudios Para la Medición de la Actividad Física CEMA, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá 111221, Colombia.
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CB16/10/00315), Tudela, Navarre 31006, Spain.
| | - Jorge Enrique Correa-Bautista
- Centro de Estudios Para la Medición de la Actividad Física CEMA, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá 111221, Colombia.
| | - Alejandra Tordecilla-Sanders
- Centro de Estudios Para la Medición de la Actividad Física CEMA, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá 111221, Colombia.
| | - María Correa-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Enfermería, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Avda. De la Ilustración, 60, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain.
| | - Jacqueline Schmidt Rio-Valle
- Departamento de Enfermería, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Avda. De la Ilustración, 60, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain.
| | - Emilio González-Jiménez
- Departamento de Enfermería, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Avda. De la Ilustración, 60, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain.
| | - Katherine González-Ruíz
- Centro de Estudios Para la Medición de la Actividad Física CEMA, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá 111221, Colombia.
- Grupo de Ejercicio Físico y Deportes, Facultad de Salud, Programa de Fisioterapia, Universidad Manuela Beltrán, Bogotá 110231, Colombia.
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Rodrigues de Lima T, Custódio Martins P, Henrique Guerra P, Augusto Santos Silva D. Muscular Fitness and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review. J Strength Cond Res 2018; 34:2394-2406. [PMID: 30273286 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000002840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Rodrigues de Lima, T, Custódio Martins, P, Henrique Guerra, P, and Augusto Santos Silva, D. Muscular fitness and cardiovascular risk factors in children and adolescents: A systematic review. J Strength Cond Res 34(8): 2394-2406, 2020-The purpose of this study was to identify and summarize the relationships between muscular fitness (MF) and individual components of metabolic syndrome (high waist circumference [WC], high blood pressure [BP], high systolic BP [SBP], high diastolic BP [DBP], high triglycerides [TG], fasting blood glucose [FG], and low HDL cholesterol levels [HDL-C]) in children and adolescents. A systematic review was conducted in 5 electronic databases, with complementary searches in reference lists, and the inclusion criteria were children and adolescents (age group up to 19 years of age) with no special clinical conditions. In all articles, risk of bias was analyzed by a standardized instrument. Of the 5,973 articles initially identified, 21 were included, with data on 22,261 children and adolescents. Higher MF values were associated with lower TG (n = 07) and WC values (n = 15). Different results in relation to the relationship between MF and SBP (n = 10) and MF and DBP (n = 07) were verified. In addition, there was no relationship between MF and FG (n = 06). In addition, inconclusive results were verified in the relationship between MF and HDL-C (n = 07). Concluded higher MF values were related to lower WC values and lower TG concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Rodrigues de Lima
- Human Performance, Research Center in Kinanthropometry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; and
| | - Priscila Custódio Martins
- Human Performance, Research Center in Kinanthropometry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; and
| | - Paulo Henrique Guerra
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of the South Frontier, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Diego Augusto Santos Silva
- Human Performance, Research Center in Kinanthropometry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; and
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Buchan DS, Knox G, Jones AM, Tomkinson GR, Baker JS. Utility of international normative 20 m shuttle run values for identifying youth at increased cardiometabolic risk. J Sports Sci 2018; 37:507-514. [PMID: 30113241 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2018.1511318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the ability of international normative centiles for the 20 m shuttle run test (20mSRT) to identify youth at increased cardiometabolic risk. This was a cross-sectional study involving 961 children aged 10-17 years (53% girls) from the United Kingdom. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves determined the discriminatory ability of cardiorespiratory fitness percentiles for predicting increased cardiometabolic risk. ROC analysis demonstrated a significant but poor discriminatory accuracy of cardiorespiratory fitness in identifying low/high cardiometabolic risk in girls (AUC = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.54-0.63; p = 0.04), and in boys (AUC = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.54-0.63; p = 0.03). The cardiorespiratory fitness cut-off associated with high cardiometabolic risk was the 55th percentile (sensitivity = 33.3%; specificity = 84.5%) in girls and the 60th percentile (sensitivity = 42.9%; specificity = 73.6%) in boys. These 20mSRT percentile thresholds can be used to identify children and adolescents who may benefit from lifestyle intervention. Nonetheless, further work involving different populations and cardiometabolic risk scores comprising of different variables are needed to confirm our initial findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duncan S Buchan
- a Institute of Clinical Exercise and Health Science , University of the West of Scotland , Lanarkshire , UK
| | - Gareth Knox
- b Department of Sport, Hartpury College , University Centre Hartpury , Gloucester , UK
| | - Anwen M Jones
- c Cardiff School of Sport , Cardiff Metropolitan University , Cardiff , UK
| | - Grant R Tomkinson
- d Department of Kinesiology and Public Health Education , University of North Dakota , Grand Forks , ND , USA.,e Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), School of Health Sciences & Sansom Institute for Health Research, Division of Health Sciences , University of South Australia , Adelaide , Australia
| | - Julien S Baker
- a Institute of Clinical Exercise and Health Science , University of the West of Scotland , Lanarkshire , UK
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Ramírez-Vélez R, García-Hermoso A, Agostinis-Sobrinho C, Mota J, Santos R, Correa-Bautista JE, Amaya-Tambo DC, Villa-González E. Cycling to School and Body Composition, Physical Fitness, and Metabolic Syndrome in Children and Adolescents. J Pediatr 2017; 188:57-63. [PMID: 28651798 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.05.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between cycling to/from school and body composition, physical fitness, and metabolic syndrome among a sample of Colombian children and adolescents. STUDY DESIGN During the 2014-2015 school year, we examined a cross-sectional component of the Association for muscular strength with early manifestation of cardiovascular disease risk factors among Colombian children and adolescents (FUPRECOL) study. Participants included 2877 youths (54.5% girls) from Bogota, Colombia. A self-reported questionnaire was used to measure the frequency and mode of commuting to school. Four components of physical fitness were measured: (1) anthropometric (height, weight, body mass index, and waist circumference); (2) musculoskeletal (handgrip and standing long jump test); (3) motor (speed-agility test; 4 × 10-meter shuttle run); and (4) cardiorespiratory (20-m shuttle run test [20mSRT]). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was determined by the definitions provided by the International Diabetes Federation. RESULTS Twenty-three percent of the sample reported commuting by cycle. Active commuting boys had a likelihood of having an unhealthy 4 × 10 m value (OR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.53-0.98; P = .038) compared with the reference group (passive commuters). Active commuting girls showed a lower likelihood of having unhealthy a 20mSRT value (OR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.56-0.99; P = .047) and metabolic syndrome (OR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.35-0.99; P = .048) compared with passive commuters. CONCLUSION Regular cycling to school may to be associated with better physical fitness and a lower incidence of metabolic syndrome than passive transport, especially in girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Center of Studies in Physical Activity Measurements, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Antonio García-Hermoso
- Faculty of Physical Activity and Science, University of Santiago, Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cesar Agostinis-Sobrinho
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health, and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Mota
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health, and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rute Santos
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health, and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Early Start Research Institute, Faculty of Social Sciences, School of Education, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Jorge Enrique Correa-Bautista
- Center of Studies in Physical Activity Measurements, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Deisy Constanza Amaya-Tambo
- Center of Studies in Physical Activity Measurements, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Emilio Villa-González
- PROFITH Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, School of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Pubertal Stage, Body Mass Index, and Cardiometabolic Risk in Children and Adolescents in Bogotá, Colombia: The Cross-Sectional Fuprecol Study. Nutrients 2017. [PMID: 28640231 PMCID: PMC5537764 DOI: 10.3390/nu9070644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This study explored the association between pubertal stage and anthropometric and cardiometabolic risk factors in youth. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2877 Colombian children and adolescents (9–17.9 years of age). Weight, height, and waist circumference were measured and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. A biochemical study was performed to determine the cardiometabolic risk index (CMRI). Blood pressure was evaluated and pubertal stage was assessed with the Tanner criteria. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were performed. The most significant variable (p < 0.05) in the prognosis of cardiometabolic risk was found to be the BMI in both boys and girls. In the case of girls, the pubertal stage was also a CMRI predictive factor. In conclusion, BMI was an important indicator of cardiovascular risk in both sexes. Pubertal stage was associated with cardiovascular risk only in the girls.
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