1
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Orchard T, McLaughlin E, Winschel T, Shadyab A, Laddu D, Vitolins M, Constantinescu F, Jackson R. Fatty Acid Intake and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Biomarkers and Risk of Total Knee or Hip Arthroplasty Among Older Women in the Women's Health Initiative. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2024; 76:993-1005. [PMID: 38412867 PMCID: PMC11209811 DOI: 10.1002/acr.25319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective was to determine whether baseline fatty acid intake and erythrocyte omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can predict risk of total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in older women. METHODS This was a prospective analysis of 34,990 women in the Women's Health Initiative. Dietary fatty acids were estimated from food frequency questionnaires. Imputed erythrocyte PUFAs were available in a subcohort of 3,428 women. Arthroplasty (THA and TKA), used as a surrogate of severe osteoarthritis, was identified via linked Medicare data. Cox proportional hazards models were constructed to estimate risk of arthroplasty. RESULTS Risk of THA was associated with higher intake of arachidonic acid, (multivariable hazard ratio [HR] quartile 4 [Q4] vs Q1: 1.16; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-1.34; P = 0.03) and higher intake of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; HR Q4 vs Q1: 1.20; 95% CI 1.05-1.39; P = 0.003). There was a linear trend (P = 0.04) for patients to have a higher risk of THA with higher erythrocyte EPA and DHA in body mass index-adjusted models; however, there was no significant difference in patients who had THAs by quartiles of erythrocyte EPA and DHA (P = 0.10). Dietary fatty acids and erythrocyte PUFAs were not significantly associated with risk of TKA. CONCLUSION Higher baseline intakes of arachidonic acid and EPA and DHA were associated with a modestly higher risk of THA. No association was found between fatty acids and patients who had TKAs. Further research in populations with direct measures of osteoarthritis severity is needed to better understand the importance of PUFAs in modulating osteoarthritis and arthroplasty risk.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Female
- Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip/adverse effects
- Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee
- Aged
- Prospective Studies
- Biomarkers/blood
- Women's Health
- Osteoarthritis, Hip/surgery
- Osteoarthritis, Hip/blood
- Osteoarthritis, Knee/surgery
- Osteoarthritis, Knee/blood
- Risk Factors
- Erythrocytes/chemistry
- Erythrocytes/metabolism
- Fatty Acids, Omega-6/blood
- Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/blood
- United States/epidemiology
- Fatty Acids, Omega-3/blood
- Fatty Acids, Omega-3/administration & dosage
- Risk Assessment
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Deepika Laddu
- Arbor Research Collaborative for Health, Ann Arbor, MI
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2
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Kang X, Liu Q, Shi Y, Wang H, Zhang H, Ye T, Zhang J, He F, Zhang M. Decreased expression of ATP-binding cassette protein G1 promotes abnormal adipogenesis of condylar chondrocytes in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis. J Oral Rehabil 2024; 51:805-816. [PMID: 38146807 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal lipid metabolism is involved in the development of osteoarthritis (OA). ATP-binding cassette protein G1 (ABCG1) is crucial in mediating the outflow of cholesterol, phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin and reducing intracellular lipid accumulation. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate whether ABCG1 participates in the abnormal adipogenesis of chondrocytes in osteoarthritic cartilage of temporomandibular joint. METHODS Eight-week-old female rats were subjected to unilateral anterior crossbite (UAC) to induce OA in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Histochemical staining, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, and qRT-PCR were performed. Primary condylar chondrocytes of rats were transfected with ABCG1 shRNA or overexpression lentivirus and then stimulated with fluid flow shear stress (FFSS). Cells were collected for oil red O staining, immunofluorescence staining, and qRT-PCR analysis. RESULTS Abnormal adipogenesis, characterized by increased expression of Adiponectin, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (Cebpα), fatty acid binding protein 4 (Fabp4) and Perilipin1, was enhanced in the degenerative cartilage of TMJ OA in rats with UAC, accompanied by decreased expression of ABCG1. After FFSS stimulation, we observed lipid droplets in the cytoplasm of cultured cells with increased expression of Adiponectin, Cebpα, Fabp4 and Perilipin1 and decreased expression of ABCG1. Knockdown of Abcg1 induced abnormal adipogenesis and differentiation of condylar chondrocytes. Overexpression of ABCG1 alleviated the abnormal adipogenesis and differentiation of condylar chondrocytes induced by FFSS. CONCLUSIONS Abnormal adipogenesis of chondrocytes and decreased ABCG1 expression were observed in degenerative cartilage of TMJ OA. ABCG1 overexpression effectively inhibits the adipogenesis of chondrocytes and thus alleviates TMJ condylar cartilage degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, the Third Affiliated Hospital, the Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Nine Squadron, Three Brigade, School of Basic Medicine, the Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of stomatology, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqian Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, the Third Affiliated Hospital, the Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- College of Life Sciences, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Helin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Medical Rehabilitation, the Third Affiliated Hospital, the Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongyun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, the Third Affiliated Hospital, the Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tao Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, the Third Affiliated Hospital, the Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, the Third Affiliated Hospital, the Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Feng He
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, the Third Affiliated Hospital, the Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research, Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital, the Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, the Third Affiliated Hospital, the Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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3
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Li H, Cui Y, Wang J, Zhang W, Chen Y, Zhao J. Identification and validation of biomarkers related to lipid metabolism in osteoarthritis based on machine learning algorithms. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:111. [PMID: 38637751 PMCID: PMC11025229 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02073-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis and lipid metabolism are strongly associated, although the precise targets and regulatory mechanisms are unknown. METHODS Osteoarthritis gene expression profiles were acquired from the GEO database, while lipid metabolism-related genes (LMRGs) were sourced from the MigSB database. An intersection was conducted between these datasets to extract gene expression for subsequent differential analysis. Following this, functional analyses were performed on the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Subsequently, machine learning was applied to identify hub genes associated with lipid metabolism in osteoarthritis. Immune-infiltration analysis was performed using CIBERSORT, and external datasets were employed to validate the expression of these hub genes. RESULTS Nine DEGs associated with lipid metabolism in osteoarthritis were identified. UGCG and ESYT1, which are hub genes involved in lipid metabolism in osteoarthritis, were identified through the utilization of three machine learning algorithms. Analysis of the validation dataset revealed downregulation of UGCG in the experimental group compared to the normal group and upregulation of ESYT1 in the experimental group compared to the normal group. CONCLUSIONS UGCG and ESYT1 were considered as hub LMRGs in the development of osteoarthritis, which were regarded as candidate diagnostic markers. The effects are worth expected in the early diagnosis and treatment of osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Li
- Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qing Yang Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214023, China
| | - Yubao Cui
- Clinical Research Center, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qing Yang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qing Yang Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214023, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qing Yang Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214023, China
| | - Yuhao Chen
- Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qing Yang Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214023, China
| | - Jijun Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qing Yang Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214023, China.
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4
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Ma Y, Liu Y, Luo D, Guo Z, Xiang H, Chen B, Wu X. Identification of biomarkers and immune infiltration characterization of lipid metabolism-associated genes in osteoarthritis based on machine learning algorithms. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:7043-7059. [PMID: 38637111 PMCID: PMC11087088 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative condition commonly observed in the elderly, leading to consequential disability. Despite notable advancements made in clinical strategies for OA, its pathogenesis remains uncertain. The intricate association between OA and metabolic processes has yet to receive comprehensive exploration. In our investigation, we leveraged public databases and applied machine learning algorithms, including WGCNA, LASSO, RF, immune infiltration analysis, and pathway enrichment analysis, to scrutinize the role of lipid metabolism-associated genes (LAGs) in the OA. Our findings identified three distinct biomarkers, and evaluated their expression to assess their diagnostic value in the OA patients. The exploration of immune infiltration in these patients revealed an intricate relationship between immune cells and the identified biomarkers. In addition, in vitro experiments, including qRT-PCR, Western blot, chondrocyte lipid droplets detection and mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation measurement, further verified abnormal expressions of selected LAGs in OA cartilage and confirmed the correlation between lipid metabolism and OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanye Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - Zhu Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Hongfei Xiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Bohua Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiaolin Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
- Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
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5
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Nielsen RL, Monfeuga T, Kitchen RR, Egerod L, Leal LG, Schreyer ATH, Gade FS, Sun C, Helenius M, Simonsen L, Willert M, Tahrani AA, McVey Z, Gupta R. Data-driven identification of predictive risk biomarkers for subgroups of osteoarthritis using interpretable machine learning. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2817. [PMID: 38561399 PMCID: PMC10985086 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46663-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is increasing in prevalence and has a severe impact on patients' lives. However, our understanding of biomarkers driving OA risk remains limited. We developed a model predicting the five-year risk of OA diagnosis, integrating retrospective clinical, lifestyle and biomarker data from the UK Biobank (19,120 patients with OA, ROC-AUC: 0.72, 95%CI (0.71-0.73)). Higher age, BMI and prescription of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs contributed most to increased OA risk prediction ahead of diagnosis. We identified 14 subgroups of OA risk profiles. These subgroups were validated in an independent set of patients evaluating the 11-year OA risk, with 88% of patients being uniquely assigned to one of the 14 subgroups. Individual OA risk profiles were characterised by personalised biomarkers. Omics integration demonstrated the predictive importance of key OA genes and pathways (e.g., GDF5 and TGF-β signalling) and OA-specific biomarkers (e.g., CRTAC1 and COL9A1). In summary, this work identifies opportunities for personalised OA prevention and insights into its underlying pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Line Egerod
- Novo Nordisk Research Centre Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Luis G Leal
- Novo Nordisk Research Centre Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | - Carol Sun
- Novo Nordisk Research Centre Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Zahra McVey
- Novo Nordisk Research Centre Oxford, Oxford, UK
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6
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Deng C, Presle N, Pizard A, Guillaume C, Bianchi A, Kempf H. Beneficial Impact of Eicosapentaenoic Acid on the Adverse Effects Induced by Palmitate and Hyperglycemia on Healthy Rat Chondrocyte. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1810. [PMID: 38339087 PMCID: PMC10855847 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent form of arthritis and a major cause of pain and disability. The pathology of OA involves the whole joint in an inflammatory and degenerative process, especially in articular cartilage. OA may be divided into distinguishable phenotypes including one associated with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) of which dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia have been individually linked to OA. Since their combined role in OA pathogenesis remains to be elucidated, we investigated the chondrocyte response to these metabolic stresses, and determined whether a n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), i.e., eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), may preserve chondrocyte functions. Rat chondrocytes were cultured with palmitic acid (PA) and/or EPA in normal or high glucose conditions. The expression of genes encoding proteins found in cartilage matrix (type 2 collagen and aggrecan) or involved in degenerative (metalloproteinases, MMPs) or in inflammatory (cyclooxygenase-2, COX-2 and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase, mPGES) processes was analyzed by qPCR. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) release was also evaluated by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Our data indicated that PA dose-dependently up-regulated the mRNA expression of MMP-3 and -13. PA also induced the expression of COX-2 and mPGES and promoted the synthesis of PGE2. Glucose at high concentrations further increased the chondrocyte response to PA. Interestingly, EPA suppressed the inflammatory effects of PA and glucose, and strongly reduced MMP-13 expression. Among the free fatty acid receptors (FFARs), FFAR4 partly mediated the EPA effects and the activation of FFAR1 markedly reduced the inflammatory effects of PA in high glucose conditions. Our findings demonstrate that dyslipidemia associated with hyperglycemia may contribute to OA pathogenesis and explains why an excess of saturated fatty acids and a low level in n-3 PUFAs may disrupt cartilage homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaohua Deng
- UMR 7365 CNRS-Université de Lorraine, Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire (IMoPA), Biopôle de l’Université de Lorraine, 54500 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France; (C.D.); (N.P.); (C.G.); (H.K.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Nathalie Presle
- UMR 7365 CNRS-Université de Lorraine, Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire (IMoPA), Biopôle de l’Université de Lorraine, 54500 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France; (C.D.); (N.P.); (C.G.); (H.K.)
| | - Anne Pizard
- INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Université Paris-Est-Créteil (UPEC), 94010 Créteil, France;
| | - Cécile Guillaume
- UMR 7365 CNRS-Université de Lorraine, Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire (IMoPA), Biopôle de l’Université de Lorraine, 54500 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France; (C.D.); (N.P.); (C.G.); (H.K.)
| | - Arnaud Bianchi
- UMR 7365 CNRS-Université de Lorraine, Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire (IMoPA), Biopôle de l’Université de Lorraine, 54500 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France; (C.D.); (N.P.); (C.G.); (H.K.)
| | - Hervé Kempf
- UMR 7365 CNRS-Université de Lorraine, Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire (IMoPA), Biopôle de l’Université de Lorraine, 54500 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France; (C.D.); (N.P.); (C.G.); (H.K.)
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7
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Wei G, Lu K, Umar M, Zhu Z, Lu WW, Speakman JR, Chen Y, Tong L, Chen D. Risk of metabolic abnormalities in osteoarthritis: a new perspective to understand its pathological mechanisms. Bone Res 2023; 11:63. [PMID: 38052778 PMCID: PMC10698167 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-023-00301-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although aging has traditionally been viewed as the most important risk factor for osteoarthritis (OA), an increasing amount of epidemiological evidence has highlighted the association between metabolic abnormalities and OA, particularly in younger individuals. Metabolic abnormalities, such as obesity and type II diabetes, are strongly linked to OA, and they affect both weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing joints, thus suggesting that the pathogenesis of OA is more complicated than the mechanical stress induced by overweight. This review aims to explore the recent advances in research on the relationship between metabolic abnormalities and OA risk, including the impact of abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism, the potential pathogenesis and targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guizheng Wei
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Research Center for Computer-aided Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ke Lu
- Research Center for Computer-aided Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Muhammad Umar
- Research Center for Computer-aided Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zhenglin Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - William W Lu
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - John R Speakman
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
| | - Liping Tong
- Research Center for Computer-aided Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Di Chen
- Research Center for Computer-aided Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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8
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Wen Y, Wang B, Shi P, Chu X, Shi S, Yao Y, Zhang L, Zhang F. A Metabolomics Study of Feces Revealed That a Disturbance of Selenium-Centered Metabolic Bioprocess Was Involved in Kashin-Beck Disease, an Osteoarthropathy Endemic to China. Nutrients 2023; 15:4651. [PMID: 37960304 PMCID: PMC10650499 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) is a distinct osteoarthropathy in China with an unclear pathogenesis. This study aims to explore whether perturbations in the intestine metabolome could be linked to KBD individuals. Methods: An investigation was conducted in KBD endemic villages and fecal samples were collected. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 75 subjects were enrolled for this study, including 46 KBD (including 19 Grade I KBD and 27 Grade II KBD) and 29 controls. Untargeted metabolomics analysis was performed on the platform of UHPLC-MS. PLS-DA and OPLS-DA were conducted to compare the groups and identify the differential metabolites (DMs). Pathway analysis was conducted on MPaLA platform to explore the functional implication of the DMs. Results: Metabolomics analysis showed that compared with the control group, KBD individuals have a total of 584 differential metabolites with dysregulated levels such as adrenic acid (log2FC = -1.87, VIP = 4.84, p = 7.63 × 10-7), hydrogen phosphate (log2FC = -2.57, VIP = 1.27, p = 1.02 × 10-3), taurochenodeoxycholic acid (VIP = 1.16, log2FC = -3.24, p = 0.03), prostaglandin E3 (VIP = 1.17, log2FC = 2.67, p = 5.61 × 10-4), etc. Pathway analysis revealed several significantly perturbed pathways associated with KBD such as selenium micronutrient network (Q value = 3.11 × 10-3, Wikipathways), metabolism of lipids (Q value = 8.43 × 10-4, Reactome), free fatty acid receptors (Q value = 3.99 × 10-3, Reactome), and recycling of bile acids and salts (Q value = 2.98 × 10-3, Reactome). Subgroup comparisons found a total of 267 differential metabolites were shared by KBD vs. control, KBD II vs. control, and KBD I vs. control, while little difference was found between KBD II and KBD I (only one differential metabolite detected). Conclusions: KBD individuals showed distinct metabolic features characterized by perturbations in lipid metabolism and selenium-related bioprocesses. Our findings suggest that the loss of nutrients metabolism balance in intestine was involved in KBD pathogenesis. Linking the nutrients metabolism (especially selenium and lipid) to KBD cartilage damage should be a future direction of KBD study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wen
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (B.W.); (P.S.); (X.C.); (S.S.); (Y.Y.); (L.Z.); (F.Z.)
| | - Bingyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (B.W.); (P.S.); (X.C.); (S.S.); (Y.Y.); (L.Z.); (F.Z.)
| | - Panxing Shi
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (B.W.); (P.S.); (X.C.); (S.S.); (Y.Y.); (L.Z.); (F.Z.)
| | - Xiaoge Chu
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (B.W.); (P.S.); (X.C.); (S.S.); (Y.Y.); (L.Z.); (F.Z.)
| | - Sirong Shi
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (B.W.); (P.S.); (X.C.); (S.S.); (Y.Y.); (L.Z.); (F.Z.)
| | - Yao Yao
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (B.W.); (P.S.); (X.C.); (S.S.); (Y.Y.); (L.Z.); (F.Z.)
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (B.W.); (P.S.); (X.C.); (S.S.); (Y.Y.); (L.Z.); (F.Z.)
- Medical Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (B.W.); (P.S.); (X.C.); (S.S.); (Y.Y.); (L.Z.); (F.Z.)
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9
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Jiménez-Muro M, Soriano-Romaní L, Mora G, Ricciardelli D, Nieto JA. The microbiota-metabolic syndrome axis as a promoter of metabolic osteoarthritis. Life Sci 2023; 329:121944. [PMID: 37453577 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The relation between obesity and osteoarthritis (OA) development has been traditionally explained as consequence of the excessive joint effort derived of overweight. However, in the last two decades a metabolic OA has been suggested through diverse molecular mechanism implying metabolic syndrome, although more investigation must be conducted to elucidate it. Metabolic syndrome is responsible of the release of diverse inflammatory cytokines, specially the increased adipokine in obesity, causing a chronic low-grade inflammatory status that alters the joint homeostasis. In this scenario, the microbiota dysbiosis contribute by worsening the low-grade chronic inflammation or causing metabolic disorders mediated by endotoxemia generated by an increased lipopolysaccharides intake. This results in joint inflammation and cartilage degradation, which contributes to the development of OA. Also, the insulin resistance provoked by type 2 Diabetes contributes to the OA development. When intake patterns are considered, some coincidences can be pointed between the food patterns associated to the metabolic syndrome and the food patterns associated to OA development. Therefore, these coincidences support the idea of a molecular mechanism of the OA development caused by the molecular mechanism generated under the metabolic syndrome status. This review points the relation between metabolic syndrome and OA, showing the connected molecular mechanisms between both pathologies as well as the shared dietary patterns that promote or prevent both pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Jiménez-Muro
- Institute of Traumatology and Advanced Regenerative Medicine (ITRAMED), Calle Escultor Daniel 3, Logroño 26007, La Rioja, Spain
| | - Laura Soriano-Romaní
- ainia Technological Centre, Calle Benjamin Franklin 5-11, Parque Tecnológico de Valencia, E46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Mora
- Institute of Traumatology and Advanced Regenerative Medicine (ITRAMED), Calle Escultor Daniel 3, Logroño 26007, La Rioja, Spain
| | - Diego Ricciardelli
- Institute of Traumatology and Advanced Regenerative Medicine (ITRAMED), Calle Escultor Daniel 3, Logroño 26007, La Rioja, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Nieto
- ainia Technological Centre, Calle Benjamin Franklin 5-11, Parque Tecnológico de Valencia, E46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain; Bioactivity and Nutritional Immunology Group (BIOINUT), Faculty of Health Science, Universidad Internacional de Valencia (VIU), Calle Pintor Sorolla 21, E46002, Valencia, Spain.
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10
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Gong Z, Zhu J, Chen J, Feng F, Zhang H, Zhang Z, Song C, Liang K, Yang S, Fan S, Fang X, Shen S. CircRREB1 mediates lipid metabolism related senescent phenotypes in chondrocytes through FASN post-translational modifications. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5242. [PMID: 37640697 PMCID: PMC10462713 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40975-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a prevalent age-related disease characterized by dysregulation of extracellular matrix metabolism, lipid metabolism, and upregulation of senescence-associated secretory phenotypes. Herein, we clarify that CircRREB1 is highly expressed in secondary generation chondrocytes and its deficiency can alleviate FASN related senescent phenotypes and osteoarthritis progression. CircRREB1 impedes proteasome-mediated degradation of FASN by inhibiting acetylation-mediated ubiquitination. Meanwhile, CircRREB1 induces RanBP2-mediated SUMOylation of FASN and enhances its protein stability. CircRREB1-FASN axis inhibits FGF18 and FGFR3 mediated PI3K-AKT signal transduction, then increased p21 expression. Intra-articular injection of adenovirus-CircRreb1 reverses the protective effects in CircRreb1 deficiency mice. Further therapeutic interventions could have beneficial effects in identifying CircRREB1 as a potential prognostic and therapeutic target for age-related OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Gong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University & Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province Sir Run Run Shaw Institute of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jinjin Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University & Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province Sir Run Run Shaw Institute of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Junxin Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University & Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province Sir Run Run Shaw Institute of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Fan Feng
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Kunpeng Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Haitao Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University & Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province Sir Run Run Shaw Institute of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zheyuan Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University & Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province Sir Run Run Shaw Institute of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chenxin Song
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University & Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province Sir Run Run Shaw Institute of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Kaiyu Liang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University & Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province Sir Run Run Shaw Institute of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shuhui Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University & Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province Sir Run Run Shaw Institute of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shunwu Fan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University & Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province Sir Run Run Shaw Institute of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Xiangqian Fang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University & Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province Sir Run Run Shaw Institute of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Shuying Shen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University & Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province Sir Run Run Shaw Institute of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China.
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11
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Gambari L, Cellamare A, Grassi F, Grigolo B, Panciera A, Ruffilli A, Faldini C, Desando G. Targeting the Inflammatory Hallmarks of Obesity-Associated Osteoarthritis: Towards Nutraceutical-Oriented Preventive and Complementary Therapeutic Strategies Based on n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119340. [PMID: 37298291 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity (Ob), which has dramatically increased in the last decade, is one of the main risk factors that contribute to the incidence and progression of osteoarthritis (OA). Targeting the characteristics of obesity-associated osteoarthritis (ObOA) may offer new chances for precision medicine strategies in this patient cohort. First, this review outlines how the medical perspective of ObOA has shifted from a focus on biomechanics to the significant contribution of inflammation, mainly mediated by changes in the adipose tissue metabolism through the release of adipokines and the modification of fatty acid (FA) compositions in joint tissues. Preclinical and clinical studies on n-3 polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) are critically reviewed to outline the strengths and weaknesses of n-3 PUFAs' role in alleviating inflammatory, catabolic and painful processes. Emphasis is placed on potential preventive and therapeutic nutritional strategies based on n-3 PUFAs, with a focus on ObOA patients who could specifically benefit from reformulating the dietary composition of FAs towards a protective phenotype. Finally, tissue engineering approaches that involve the delivery of n-3 PUFAs directly into the joint are explored to address the perspectives and current limitations, such as safety and stability issues, for implementing preventive and therapeutic strategies based on dietary compounds in ObOA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gambari
- Laboratorio Ramses, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonella Cellamare
- Laboratorio Ramses, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Grassi
- Laboratorio Ramses, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Brunella Grigolo
- Laboratorio Ramses, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandro Panciera
- 1st Orthopedic and Traumatology Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via G.C. Pupilli 1, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Ruffilli
- 1st Orthopedic and Traumatology Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via G.C. Pupilli 1, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Cesare Faldini
- 1st Orthopedic and Traumatology Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via G.C. Pupilli 1, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Desando
- Laboratorio Ramses, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
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12
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Mustonen AM, Tollis S, Käkelä R, Sihvo SP, Palosaari S, Pohjanen VM, Yli-Hallila A, Lehenkari P, Nieminen P. Increased n-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Indicate Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Lipid Modifications in Synovial Membranes with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Inflammation 2023:10.1007/s10753-023-01816-3. [PMID: 37140681 PMCID: PMC10359413 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01816-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that fatty acids (FAs) and their lipid mediator derivatives can induce both beneficial and detrimental effects on inflammatory processes and joint degradation in osteoarthritis (OA) and autoimmune-driven rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The present study characterized the detailed FA signatures of synovial membranes collected during knee replacement surgery of age- and gender-matched OA and RA patients (n = 8/diagnosis). The FA composition of total lipids was determined by gas chromatography and analyzed with univariate and multivariate methods supplemented with hierarchical clustering (HC), random forest (RF)-based classification of FA signatures, and FA metabolism pathway analysis. RA synovium lipids were characterized by reduced proportions of shorter-chain saturated FAs (SFAs) and elevated percentages of longer-chain SFAs and monounsaturated FAs, alkenyl chains, and C20 n-6 polyunsaturated FAs compared to OA synovium lipids. In HC, FAs and FA-derived variables clustered into distinct groups, which preserved the discriminatory power of the individual variables in predicting the RA and OA inflammatory states. In RF classification, SFAs and 20:3n-6 were among the most important FAs distinguishing RA and OA. Pathway analysis suggested that elongation reactions of particular long-chain FAs would have increased relevance in RA. The present study was able to determine the individual FAs, FA groups, and pathways that distinguished the more inflammatory RA from OA. The findings suggest modifications of FA elongation and metabolism of 20:4n-6, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, and plasmalogens in the chronically inflamed RA synovium. These FA alterations could have implications in lipid mediator synthesis and potential as novel diagnostic and therapeutic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Mari Mustonen
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland.
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Forestry and Technology, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, FI-80101, Joensuu, Finland.
| | - Sylvain Tollis
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Reijo Käkelä
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki University Lipidomics Unit (HiLIPID), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE) and Biocenter Finland, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sanna P Sihvo
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki University Lipidomics Unit (HiLIPID), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE) and Biocenter Finland, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sanna Palosaari
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 5000, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Vesa-Matti Pohjanen
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 5000, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Aaron Yli-Hallila
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Petri Lehenkari
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 5000, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 21, FI-90029, OYS, Oulu, Finland
| | - Petteri Nieminen
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland
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13
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Mustonen AM, Lehmonen N, Paakkonen T, Raekallio M, Käkelä R, Niemelä T, Mykkänen A, Sihvo SP, Nieminen P. Equine osteoarthritis modifies fatty acid signatures in synovial fluid and its extracellular vesicles. Arthritis Res Ther 2023; 25:39. [PMID: 36895037 PMCID: PMC9996872 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-023-02998-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individual fatty acids (FAs) and their derivatives (lipid mediators) with pro-inflammatory or dual anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving properties have potential to influence the health of joint tissues. Osteoarthritis (OA) is an age-associated chronic joint disease that can be featured with altered FA composition in the synovial fluid (SF) of human patients. The counts and cargo of extracellular vesicles (EVs), membrane-bound particles released by synovial joint cells and transporting bioactive lipids, can also be modified by OA. The detailed FA signatures of SF and its EVs have remained unexplored in the horse - a well-recognized veterinary model for OA research. METHODS The aim of the present study was to compare the FA profiles in equine SF and its ultracentrifuged EV fraction between control, contralateral, and OA metacarpophalangeal joints (n = 8/group). The FA profiles of total lipids were determined by gas chromatography and the data compared with univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS The data revealed distinct FA profiles in SF and its EV-enriched pellet that were modified by naturally occurring equine OA. Regarding SFs, linoleic acid (generalized linear model, p = 0.0006), myristic acid (p = 0.003), palmitoleic acid (p < 0.0005), and n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated FA ratio (p < 0.0005) were among the important variables that separated OA from control samples. In EV-enriched pellets, saturated FAs palmitic acid (p = 0.020), stearic acid (p = 0.002), and behenic acid (p = 0.003) indicated OA. The observed FA modifications are potentially detrimental and could contribute to inflammatory processes and cartilage degradation in OA. CONCLUSIONS Equine OA joints can be distinguished from normal joints based on their FA signatures in SF and its EV-enriched pellet. Clarifying the roles of SF and EV FA compositions in the pathogenesis of OA and their potential as joint disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets warrants future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Mari Mustonen
- grid.9668.10000 0001 0726 2490Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
- grid.9668.10000 0001 0726 2490Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Forestry and Technology, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Nina Lehmonen
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 57, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tommi Paakkonen
- grid.9668.10000 0001 0726 2490Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marja Raekallio
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 57, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Reijo Käkelä
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- grid.484023.9Helsinki University Lipidomics Unit (HiLIPID), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE) and Biocenter Finland, P.O. Box 65, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tytti Niemelä
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 57, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Mykkänen
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 57, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sanna P. Sihvo
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- grid.484023.9Helsinki University Lipidomics Unit (HiLIPID), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE) and Biocenter Finland, P.O. Box 65, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Petteri Nieminen
- grid.9668.10000 0001 0726 2490Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
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Ahmed AA, Musa HH, Essa MEA, Mollica A, Zengin G, Ahmad H, Adam SY. Inhibition of obesity through alterations of C/EBP- α gene expression by gum Arabic in mice with a high-fat feed diet. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2022.100231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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15
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Su Z, Zong Z, Deng J, Huang J, Liu G, Wei B, Cui L, Li G, Zhong H, Lin S. Lipid Metabolism in Cartilage Development, Degeneration, and Regeneration. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14193984. [PMID: 36235637 PMCID: PMC9570753 DOI: 10.3390/nu14193984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids affect cartilage growth, injury, and regeneration in diverse ways. Diet and metabolism have become increasingly important as the prevalence of obesity has risen. Proper lipid supplementation in the diet contributes to the preservation of cartilage function, whereas excessive lipid buildup is detrimental to cartilage. Lipid metabolic pathways can generate proinflammatory substances that are crucial to the development and management of osteoarthritis (OA). Lipid metabolism is a complicated metabolic process involving several regulatory systems, and lipid metabolites influence different features of cartilage. In this review, we examine the current knowledge about cartilage growth, degeneration, and regeneration processes, as well as the most recent research on the significance of lipids and their metabolism in cartilage, including the extracellular matrix and chondrocytes. An in-depth examination of the involvement of lipid metabolism in cartilage metabolism will provide insight into cartilage metabolism and lead to the development of new treatment techniques for metabolic cartilage damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanpeng Su
- Orthopaedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524013, China
| | - Zhixian Zong
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jinxia Deng
- Orthopaedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524013, China
| | - Jianping Huang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Guihua Liu
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital, Huizhou 516001, China
| | - Bo Wei
- Orthopaedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524013, China
| | - Liao Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, Guangdong Medical Unversity, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Gang Li
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Huan Zhong
- Orthopaedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524013, China
- Correspondence: (H.Z.); (S.L.); Tel.: +852-3763-6153 (S.L.)
| | - Sien Lin
- Orthopaedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524013, China
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Correspondence: (H.Z.); (S.L.); Tel.: +852-3763-6153 (S.L.)
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16
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Nedunchezhiyan U, Varughese I, Sun AR, Wu X, Crawford R, Prasadam I. Obesity, Inflammation, and Immune System in Osteoarthritis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:907750. [PMID: 35860250 PMCID: PMC9289681 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.907750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity remains the most important risk factor for the incidence and progression of osteoarthritis (OA). The leading cause of OA was believed to be overloading the joints due to excess weight which in turn leads to the destruction of articular cartilage. However, recent studies have proved otherwise, various other factors like adipose deposition, insulin resistance, and especially the improper coordination of innate and adaptive immune responses may lead to the initiation and progression of obesity-associated OA. It is becoming increasingly evident that multiple inflammatory cells are recruited into the synovial joint that serves an important role in pathological changes in the synovial joint. Polarization of macrophages and macrophage-produced mediators are extensively studied and linked to the inflammatory and destructive responses in the OA synovium and cartilage. However, the role of other major innate immune cells such as neutrophils, eosinophils, and dendritic cells in the pathogenesis of OA has not been fully evaluated. Although cells of the adaptive immune system contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity-induced OA is still under exploration, a quantity of literature indicates OA synovium has an enriched population of T cells and B cells compared with healthy control. The interplay between a variety of immune cells and other cells that reside in the articular joints may constitute a vicious cycle, leading to pathological changes of the articular joint in obese individuals. This review addresses obesity and the role of all the immune cells that are involved in OA and summarised animal studies and human trials and knowledge gaps between the studies have been highlighted. The review also touches base on the interventions currently in clinical trials, different stages of the testing, and their shortcomings are also discussed to understand the future direction which could help in understanding the multifactorial aspects of OA where inflammation has a significant function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udhaya Nedunchezhiyan
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ibin Varughese
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Antonia RuJia Sun
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Xiaoxin Wu
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ross Crawford
- Orthopedic Department, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Indira Prasadam
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- *Correspondence: Indira Prasadam,
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Saraswathi V, Kumar N, Ai W, Gopal T, Bhatt S, Harris EN, Talmon GA, Desouza CV. Myristic Acid Supplementation Aggravates High Fat Diet-Induced Adipose Inflammation and Systemic Insulin Resistance in Mice. Biomolecules 2022; 12:739. [PMID: 35740864 PMCID: PMC9220168 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Saturated fatty acids (SFAs) are considered to be detrimental to human health. One of the SFAs, myristic acid (MA), is known to exert a hypercholesterolemic effect in mice as well as humans. However, its effects on altering adipose tissue (AT) inflammation and systemic insulin resistance (IR) in obesity are still unclear. Here, we sought to determine the effects of a high fat (HF) diet supplemented with MA on obesity-associated metabolic disorders in mice. Wild-type C57BL/6 mice were fed a HF diet in the presence or absence of 3% MA for 12 weeks. Plasma lipids, plasma adipokines, AT inflammation, systemic IR, glucose homeostasis, and hepatic steatosis were assessed. The body weight and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) mass were significantly higher in mice receiving the HF+MA diet compared to HF diet-fed controls. Plasma total cholesterol levels were marginally increased in HF+MA-fed mice compared to controls. Fasting blood glucose was comparable between HF and HF+MA-fed mice. Interestingly, the plasma insulin and HOMA-IR index, a measure of insulin resistance, were significantly higher in HF+MA-fed mice compared to HF controls. Macrophage and inflammatory markers were significantly elevated in the AT and AT-derived stromal vascular cells upon MA feeding. Moreover, the level of circulating resistin, an adipokine promoting insulin resistance, was significantly higher in HF+MA-fed mice compared with HF controls. The insulin tolerance test revealed that the IR was higher in mice receiving the MA supplementation compared to HF controls. Moreover, the glucose tolerance test showed impairment in systemic glucose homeostasis in MA-fed mice. Analyses of liver samples showed a trend towards an increase in liver TG upon MA feeding. However, markers of oxidative stress and inflammation were reduced in the liver of mice fed an MA diet compared to controls. Taken together, our data suggest that chronic administration of MA in diet exacerbates obesity-associated insulin resistance and this effect is mediated in part, via increased AT inflammation and increased secretion of resistin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viswanathan Saraswathi
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (N.K.); (W.A.); (T.G.); (S.B.); (C.V.D.)
- Research Service, VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Narendra Kumar
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (N.K.); (W.A.); (T.G.); (S.B.); (C.V.D.)
- Research Service, VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Weilun Ai
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (N.K.); (W.A.); (T.G.); (S.B.); (C.V.D.)
- Research Service, VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Thiyagarajan Gopal
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (N.K.); (W.A.); (T.G.); (S.B.); (C.V.D.)
- Research Service, VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Saumya Bhatt
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (N.K.); (W.A.); (T.G.); (S.B.); (C.V.D.)
- Research Service, VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Edward N. Harris
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA;
| | - Geoffrey A. Talmon
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Cyrus V. Desouza
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (N.K.); (W.A.); (T.G.); (S.B.); (C.V.D.)
- Research Service, VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
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Batushansky A, Zhu S, Komaravolu RK, South S, Mehta-D’souza P, Griffin TM. Fundamentals of OA. An initiative of Osteoarthritis and Cartilage. Obesity and metabolic factors in OA. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2022; 30:501-515. [PMID: 34537381 PMCID: PMC8926936 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2021.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obesity was once considered a risk factor for knee osteoarthritis (OA) primarily for biomechanical reasons. Here we provide an additional perspective by discussing how obesity also increases OA risk by altering metabolism and inflammation. DESIGN This narrative review is presented in four sections: 1) metabolic syndrome and OA, 2) metabolic biomarkers of OA, 3) evidence for dysregulated chondrocyte metabolism in OA, and 4) metabolic inflammation: joint tissue mediators and mechanisms. RESULTS Metabolic syndrome and its components are strongly associated with OA. However, evidence for a causal relationship is context dependent, varying by joint, gender, diagnostic criteria, and demographics, with additional environmental and genetic interactions yet to be fully defined. Importantly, some aspects of the etiology of obesity-induced OA appear to be distinct between men and women, especially regarding the role of adipose tissue. Metabolomic analyses of serum and synovial fluid have identified potential diagnostic biomarkers of knee OA and prognostic biomarkers of disease progression. Connecting these biomarkers to cellular pathophysiology will require future in vivo studies of joint tissue metabolism. Such studies will help reveal when a metabolic process or a metabolite itself is a causal factor in disease progression. Current evidence points towards impaired chondrocyte metabolic homeostasis and metabolic-immune dysregulation as likely factors connecting obesity to the increased risk of OA. CONCLUSIONS A deeper understanding of how obesity alters metabolic and inflammatory pathways in synovial joint tissues is expected to provide new therapeutic targets and an improved definition of "metabolic" and "obesity" OA phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Batushansky
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA, 73104
| | - Shouan Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute (OMNI), Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA 45701
| | - Ravi K. Komaravolu
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA, 73104
| | - Sanique South
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA, 73104
| | - Padmaja Mehta-D’souza
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA, 73104
| | - Timothy M. Griffin
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA, 73104.,Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA, 73104.,Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA, 73104
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Wei Z, Li F, Pi G. Association Between Gut Microbiota and Osteoarthritis: A Review of Evidence for Potential Mechanisms and Therapeutics. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:812596. [PMID: 35372125 PMCID: PMC8966131 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.812596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multifactorial joint disease characterized by degeneration of articular cartilage, which leads to joints pain, disability and reduced quality of life in patients with OA. Interpreting the potential mechanisms underlying OA pathogenesis is crucial to the development of new disease modifying treatments. Although multiple factors contribute to the initiation and progression of OA, gut microbiota has gradually been regarded as an important pathogenic factor in the development of OA. Gut microbiota can be regarded as a multifunctional “organ”, closely related to a series of immune, metabolic and neurological functions. This review summarized research evidences supporting the correlation between gut microbiota and OA, and interpreted the potential mechanisms underlying the correlation from four aspects: immune system, metabolism, gut-brain axis and gut microbiota modulation. Future research should focus on whether there are specific gut microbiota composition or even specific pathogens and the corresponding signaling pathways that contribute to the initiation and progression of OA, and validate the potential of targeting gut microbiota for the treatment of patients with OA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Feng Li
- *Correspondence: Feng Li, ; Guofu Pi,
| | - Guofu Pi
- *Correspondence: Feng Li, ; Guofu Pi,
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Cao X, Cui Z, Ding Z, Chen Y, Wu S, Wang X, Huang J. An osteoarthritis subtype characterized by synovial lipid metabolism disorder and fibroblast-like synoviocyte dysfunction. J Orthop Translat 2022; 33:142-152. [PMID: 35330945 PMCID: PMC8919236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The heterogeneity of osteoarthritis (OA) significantly limits the effectiveness of pharmacological treatments in an unselected patient population. In this context, the identification of OA subtypes is meaningful for the development of therapies that target specific types of OA pathogenesis. Methods Expression array profiles of 70 OA and 36 control synovial samples were extracted from the GEO database. Unsupervised consensus clustering was performed based on the most variable genes to identify OA subclusters. Next, Joint samples from OA patients were obtained. We divided the OA patient into two subpopulations according to synovial ADCY7 levels. Synovium and cartilage samples from different OA subpopulations were evaluated. In addition, we established a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced rat OA model. We evaluated OA progression, lipid metabolism, synovitis and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) function in this HFD-induced OA model. Results 70 OA patients were categorized into three distinct subclusters. We noted that one subcluster was characterized by synovial lipid metabolism disorder GO terms. We further identified the most noticeable KEGG pathway “Regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes” in this subcluster as well as the most significantly differentially expressed gene, ADCY7. We found that the ADCY7 high expressing group (32.6%) exhibited features of synovial inflammatory lipolysis epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) tendency, as well as faster join space narrowing. The HFD induced OA-like degeneration in rat joints. We observed similar synovial inflammatory lipolysis and EMT in FLS, characterized by higher proliferative and invasive activity and elevated proinflammatory and procatabolic properties. ADCY7 was highly expressed in the synovium of the HFD-OA model rats and the inhibition of ADCY7 effectively attenuated these HFD-induced degenerative changes as well as synovial inflammatory lipolysis and FLS dysfunction. In HFD-FLSs, ADCY7 promoted the phosphorylation of PKA as well as its downstream lipid droplet-associated protein PLIN1 and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL). The inhibition of PKA largely alleviated ADCY7-mediated HFD-FLS dysfunction. Conclusions We described a synovial EMT and lipid metabolism disorder in the pathogenesis of OA. This novel mechanism may represent a currently undefined OA subtype. ADCY7 is a potential molecular marker of this pathomechanism. The Translational potential of this article Utilizing synovial samples from OA patients, we identified a subpopulation with high ADCY7 expression. This may represent a currently undefined OA subtype and explain the clinical phenomenon of more severe synovial inflammation in obese OA patients. In addition, we established an HFD-induced OA rat model and found an upregulation of ADCY7 in the synovium. We confirmed that the inhibition of ADCY7 could effectively attenuate HFD-induced degenerative changes as well as the inflammatory lipolysis and FLS dysfunction observed in the rat model. This suggests that ADCY7 and its downstream pathways are potential pharmacological targets for treating this lipid-metabolism-disorder-related OA mechanism.
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PPARα-ACOT12 axis is responsible for maintaining cartilage homeostasis through modulating de novo lipogenesis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3. [PMID: 34987154 PMCID: PMC8733009 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27738-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, in Ppara−/− mice, we found that an increased DNL stimulated the cartilage degradation and identified ACOT12 as a key regulatory factor. Suppressed level of ACOT12 was observed in cartilages of OA patient and OA-induced animal. To determine the role and association of ACOT12 in the OA pathogenesis, we generated Acot12 knockout (KO) (Acot12−/−) mice using RNA-guided endonuclease. Acot12−/− mice displayed the severe cartilage degradation with the stimulation of matrix MMPs and chondrocyte apoptosis through the accumulation of acetyl CoA. Delivery of acetyl CoA-conjugated chitosan complex into cartilage stimulated DNL and cartilage degradation. Moreover, restoration of ACOT12 into human OA chondrocytes and OA-induced mouse cartilage effectively rescued the pathophysiological features of OA by regulating DNL. Taken together, our study suggested ACOT12 as a novel regulatory factor in maintaining cartilage homeostasis and targeting ACOT12 could contribute to developing a new therapeutic strategy for OA. Increasing evidence suggested that dysregulation in lipid metabolism is linked to OA pathogenesis, but the underlying regulatory mechanism is not well understood. Here, the authors show that PPARα-ACOT12 signalling regulates cartilage homeostasis by regulating de novo lipogenesis in mice.
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22
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Lui PPY, Yung PSH. Inflammatory mechanisms linking obesity and tendinopathy. J Orthop Translat 2022; 31:80-90. [PMID: 34976728 PMCID: PMC8666605 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2021.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic tendinopathy is a debilitating tendon disorder with disappointing treatment outcomes. This review focuses on the potential roles of chronic low-grade inflammation in promoting tendinopathy in obesity. A systematic literature search was performed to identify all clinical studies supporting the actions of obesity-associated inflammatory mediators in the development of tendinopathy. The mechanisms of obesity-induced chronic inflammation in adipose tissue are firstly reviewed. Common inflammatory mediators potentially linking obesity and the development of tendinopathy, and their association with mechanical overuse, are discussed, along with pre-clinical evidences and a systematic literature search on clinical studies. The potential contribution of local adipose tissues in the promotion of inflammation, pain and tendon degeneration is then discussed. The future research directions are proposed. Translational potential statement Better understanding of the roles of obesity-associated inflammatory mediators on tendons will clarify the pathophysiological drivers of tendinopathy in patients with obesity and identify possible treatment targets. Further studies on the mechanisms of obesity-induced chronic inflammation on tendon are a promising direction for the treatment of tendinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Po Yee Lui
- Corresponding author. Room 74037, 5/F, Lui Che Woo Clinical Sciences Building, Prince of Wales Hospital, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China.
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Jiang H, Pu Y, Li ZH, Liu W, Deng Y, Liang R, Zhang XM, Zuo HD. Adiponectin, May Be a Potential Protective Factor for Obesity-Related Osteoarthritis. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:1305-1319. [PMID: 35510046 PMCID: PMC9058006 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s359330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease in elderly individuals and seriously affects quality of life. OA has often been thought to be caused by body weight load, but studies have increasingly shown that OA is an inflammation-mediated metabolic disease. The current existing evidence suggests that OA is associated with obesity-related chronic inflammation as well as abnormal lipid metabolism in obesity, such as fatty acids (FA) and triglycerides. Adiponectin, a cytokine secreted by adipose tissue, can affect the progression of OA by regulating obesity-related inflammatory factors. However, the specific molecular mechanism has not been fully elucidated. According to previous research, adiponectin can promote the metabolism of FA and triglycerides, which indicates that it is a potential protective factor for OA through many mechanisms. This article aims to review the mechanisms of chronic inflammation, FA and triglycerides in OA, as well as the potential mechanisms of adiponectin in regulating chronic inflammation and promoting FA and triglyceride metabolism. Therefore, adiponectin may have a protective effect on obesity-related OA, which could provide new insight into adiponectin and the related mechanisms in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Jiang
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Pu
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zeng-Hui Li
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Liu
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Deng
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Liang
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ming Zhang
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hou-Dong Zuo
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Hou-Dong Zuo, Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-817-2587621, Email
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Hype or hope of hyaluronic acid for osteoarthritis: Integrated clinical evidence synthesis with multi-organ transcriptomics. J Orthop Translat 2022; 32:91-100. [PMID: 35116224 PMCID: PMC8777245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Osteoarthritis complications and the recent therapeutic approaches. Inflammopharmacology 2021; 29:1653-1667. [PMID: 34755232 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00888-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The accelerated prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA) disease worldwide and the lack of convenient management led to the frequent search for unprecedented and specific treatment approaches. OA patients usually suffer from many annoying complications that negatively influence their quality of life, especially in the elderly. Articular erosions may lead eventually to the loss of joint function as a whole which occurs over time according to the risk factors presented in each case and the grade of the disease. Conventional therapies are advancing, showing most appropriate results but still greatly associated with many adverse effects and have restricted curative actions as well. Hence, novel management tools are usually required. In this review, we summarized the recent approaches in OA treatment and the role of natural products, dietary supplements and nanogold application in OA treatment to provide new research tracks for more therapeutic opportunities to those who are in care in this field.
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Bhandarkar NS, Mouatt P, Majzoub ME, Thomas T, Brown L, Panchal SK. Coffee Pulp, a By-Product of Coffee Production, Modulates Gut Microbiota and Improves Metabolic Syndrome in High-Carbohydrate, High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10111369. [PMID: 34832525 PMCID: PMC8624503 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10111369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Waste from food production can be re-purposed as raw material for usable products to decrease industrial waste. Coffee pulp is 29% of the dry weight of coffee cherries and contains caffeine, chlorogenic acid, trigonelline, diterpenes and fibre. We investigated the attenuation of signs of metabolic syndrome induced by high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet in rats by dietary supplementation with 5% freeze-dried coffee pulp for the final 8 weeks of a 16-week protocol. Coffee pulp decreased body weight, feed efficiency and abdominal fat; normalised systolic blood pressure, left ventricular diastolic stiffness, and plasma concentrations of triglycerides and non-esterified fatty acids; and improved glucose tolerance in rats fed high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet. Further, the gut microbiota was modulated with high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet and coffee pulp supplementation and 14 physiological parameters were correlated with the changes in bacterial community structures. This study suggested that coffee pulp, as a waste from the coffee industry, is useful as a functional food for improving obesity-associated metabolic, cardiovascular and liver structure and function, and gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil S. Bhandarkar
- Functional Foods Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia; (N.S.B.); (L.B.)
| | - Peter Mouatt
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia;
| | - Marwan E. Majzoub
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; (M.E.M.); (T.T.)
| | - Torsten Thomas
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; (M.E.M.); (T.T.)
| | - Lindsay Brown
- Functional Foods Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia; (N.S.B.); (L.B.)
| | - Sunil K. Panchal
- Functional Foods Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia; (N.S.B.); (L.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-2-4570-1932
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Walrabenstein W, van der Leeden M, Weijs P, van Middendorp H, Wagenaar C, van Dongen JM, Nieuwdorp M, de Jonge CS, van Boheemen L, van Schaardenburg D. The effect of a multidisciplinary lifestyle program for patients with rheumatoid arthritis, an increased risk for rheumatoid arthritis or with metabolic syndrome-associated osteoarthritis: the "Plants for Joints" randomized controlled trial protocol. Trials 2021; 22:715. [PMID: 34663431 PMCID: PMC8524903 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-021-05682-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-grade inflammation and metabolic syndrome are seen in many chronic diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA). Lifestyle interventions which combine different non-pharmacological therapies have shown synergizing effects in improving outcomes in patients with other chronic diseases or increased risk thereof, especially cardiovascular disease. For RA and metabolic syndrome-associated OA (MSOA), whole food plant-based diets (WFPDs) have shown promising results. A WFPD, however, had not yet been combined with other lifestyle interventions for RA and OA patients. In this protocol paper, we therefore present Plants for Joints, a multidisciplinary lifestyle program, based on a WFPD, exercise, and stress management. The objective is to study the effect of this program on disease activity in patients with RA (randomized controlled trial [RCT] 1), on a risk score for developing RA in patients with anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) positive arthralgia (RCT 2) and on pain, stiffness, and function in patients with MSOA (RCT 3), all in comparison with usual care.We designed three 16-week observer-blind RCTs with a waiting-list control group for patients with RA with low to moderate disease activity (2.6 ≤ Disease Activity Score [DAS28] ≤ 5.1, RCT 1, n = 80), for patients at risk for RA, defined by ACPA-positive arthralgia (RCT 2, n = 16) and for patients with metabolic syndrome and OA in the knee and/or hip (RCT 3, n = 80). After personal counseling on diet and exercise, participants join 10 group meetings with 6-12 other patients to receive theoretical and practical training on a WFPD, exercise, and stress management, while medication remains unchanged. The waiting-list control group receives usual care, while entering the program after the RCT. Primary outcomes are: difference in mean change between intervention and control groups within 16 weeks for the DAS28 in RA patients (RCT 1), the RA-risk score for ACPA positive arthralgia patients (RCT 2), and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) score for MSOA patients (RCT 3). Continued adherence to the lifestyle program is measured in a two-year observational extension study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Walrabenstein
- Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Reade, Dr. Jan van Breemenstraat 2, 1056, AB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Marike van der Leeden
- Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Reade, Dr. Jan van Breemenstraat 2, 1056, AB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, De Boelelaan, 1117 1081, HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, De Boelelaan, 1085 1081, HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Weijs
- Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Dokter Meurerlaan 8, 1067, SM, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, VU University, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henriët van Middendorp
- Leiden University, Institute of Psychology, Health, Medical, & Neuropsychology unit, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Carlijn Wagenaar
- Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Reade, Dr. Jan van Breemenstraat 2, 1056, AB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna Maria van Dongen
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, De Boelelaan, 1085 1081, HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan, 1085 1081, HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Catharina Sophia de Jonge
- Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine & Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laurette van Boheemen
- Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Reade, Dr. Jan van Breemenstraat 2, 1056, AB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dirkjan van Schaardenburg
- Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Reade, Dr. Jan van Breemenstraat 2, 1056, AB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In this review, we provide a recent update on bioenergetic pathways in osteocytes and identify potential future areas of research interest. Studies have identified a role for regulation of bone formation and bone resorption through osteocyte mechanosensing and osteocyte secreted factors. Nevertheless, there is a paucity of studies on the bioenergetics and energy metabolism of osteocytes, which are required for the regulation of bone remodeling. RECENT FINDINGS Osteocytes are cells of the osteoblast lineage embedded in bone. The osteocyte lacunocanalicular network within the skeletal matrix is exposed to a unique hypoxic environment. Therefore, the bioenergetic requirements of these cells could differ from other bone cells due to its location in the ossified matrix and its role in bone regulation transduced by mechanical signals. Recent findings highlighted in this review provide some evidence that metabolism of these cells is dependent on their location due to the substrates present in the microenvironment and metabolic cues from stress pathways. Both glycolysis (glucose metabolism) and oxidative phosphorylation (mitochondrial dynamics, ROS generation) affect osteocyte function and viability. In this review, we provide evidence that is currently available about information regarding bioenergetics pathways in osteocytes. We discuss published studies showing a role for hypoxia-driven glucose metabolism in regulating osteocyte bioenergetics. We also provide information on various substrates that osteocytes could utilize to fuel energetic needs, namely pyruvate, amino acids, and fatty acids. This is based on some preliminary experimental evidence that is available in literature. The role of parathyroid hormone PTH and parathryoid hormone-related peptide PTHrP in bone anabolism and resorption, along with regulation of metabolic pathways in the cells of the skeletal niche, needs to be explored further. Mitochondrial metabolism has a role in osteocyte bioenergetics through substrate utilization, location of the osteocyte in the bone cortex, and mitochondrial biogenesis. While there are limitations in studying metabolic flux in traditional cell lines, there are now novel cell lines and sophisticated tools available to study osteocyte bioenergetics to help harness its potential in vivo in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivin Karthik
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, 81 Research Drive, Scarborough, ME, 04074, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
| | - Anyonya R Guntur
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, 81 Research Drive, Scarborough, ME, 04074, USA.
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA.
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.
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29
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Sergi D, Luscombe-Marsh N, Naumovski N, Abeywardena M, O'Callaghan N. Palmitic Acid, but Not Lauric Acid, Induces Metabolic Inflammation, Mitochondrial Fragmentation, and a Drop in Mitochondrial Membrane Potential in Human Primary Myotubes. Front Nutr 2021; 8:663838. [PMID: 34136519 PMCID: PMC8200524 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.663838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The chain length of saturated fatty acids may dictate their impact on inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction, two pivotal players in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. However, these paradigms have only been investigated in animal models and cell lines so far. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the effect of palmitic (PA) (16:0) and lauric (LA) (12:0) acid on human primary myotubes mitochondrial health and metabolic inflammation. Human primary myotubes were challenged with either PA or LA (500 μM). After 24 h, the expression of interleukin 6 (IL-6) was assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR), whereas Western blot was used to quantify the abundance of the inhibitor of nuclear factor κB (IκBα), electron transport chain complex proteins and mitofusin-2 (MFN-2). Mitochondrial membrane potential and dynamics were evaluated using tetraethylbenzimidazolylcarbocyanine iodide (JC-1) and immunocytochemistry, respectively. PA, contrarily to LA, triggered an inflammatory response marked by the upregulation of IL-6 mRNA (11-fold; P < 0.01) and a decrease in IκBα (32%; P < 0.05). Furthermore, whereas PA and LA did not differently modulate the levels of mitochondrial electron transport chain complex proteins, PA induced mitochondrial fragmentation (37%; P < 0.001), decreased MFN-2 (38%; P < 0.05), and caused a drop in mitochondrial membrane potential (11%; P < 0.01) compared to control, with this effect being absent in LA-treated cells. Thus, LA, as opposed to PA, did not trigger pathogenetic mechanisms proposed to be linked with insulin resistance and therefore represents a healthier saturated fatty acid choice to potentially preserve skeletal muscle metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Sergi
- Nutrition and Health Program, Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | | | - Nenad Naumovski
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia.,Functional Foods and Nutrition Research Laboratory, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia
| | - Mahinda Abeywardena
- Nutrition and Health Program, Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Nathan O'Callaghan
- Nutrition and Health Program, Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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30
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du Preez R, Magnusson M, Majzoub ME, Thomas T, Praeger C, Glasson CRK, Panchal SK, Brown L. Brown Seaweed Sargassum siliquosum as an Intervention for Diet-Induced Obesity in Male Wistar Rats. Nutrients 2021; 13:1754. [PMID: 34064139 PMCID: PMC8224310 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of Sargassum siliquosum grown in Australian tropical waters was tested in a rat model of metabolic syndrome. Forty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into four groups of 12 rats and each group was fed a different diet for 16 weeks: corn starch diet (C); high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet (H) containing fructose, sucrose, saturated and trans fats; and C or H diets with 5% S. siliquosum mixed into the food from weeks 9 to 16 (CS and HS). Obesity, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, impaired glucose tolerance, fatty liver and left ventricular fibrosis developed in H rats. In HS rats, S. siliquosum decreased body weight (H, 547 ± 14; HS, 490 ± 16 g), fat mass (H, 248 ± 27; HS, 193 ± 19 g), abdominal fat deposition and liver fat vacuole size but did not reverse cardiovascular and liver effects. H rats showed marked changes in gut microbiota compared to C rats, while S. siliquosum supplementation increased gut microbiota belonging to the family Muribaculaceae. This selective increase in gut microbiota likely complements the prebiotic actions of the alginates. Thus, S. siliquosum may be a useful dietary additive to decrease abdominal and liver fat deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan du Preez
- Functional Foods Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia; (R.d.P.); (S.K.P.)
| | - Marie Magnusson
- School of Science, Environmental Research Institute, University of Waikato, Tauranga 3112, New Zealand; (M.M.); (C.R.K.G.)
| | - Marwan E. Majzoub
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; (M.E.M.); (T.T.)
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Torsten Thomas
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; (M.E.M.); (T.T.)
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Christina Praeger
- MACRO—The Centre for Macroalgal Resources and Biotechnology, College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia;
| | - Christopher R. K. Glasson
- School of Science, Environmental Research Institute, University of Waikato, Tauranga 3112, New Zealand; (M.M.); (C.R.K.G.)
| | - Sunil K. Panchal
- Functional Foods Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia; (R.d.P.); (S.K.P.)
| | - Lindsay Brown
- Functional Foods Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia; (R.d.P.); (S.K.P.)
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia
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31
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Synovial Fluid Fatty Acid Profiles Are Differently Altered by Inflammatory Joint Pathologies in the Shoulder and Knee Joints. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10050401. [PMID: 34064447 PMCID: PMC8147852 DOI: 10.3390/biology10050401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Anomalies of fatty acid (FA) metabolism characterize osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the knee joint. No previous study has investigated the synovial fluid (SF) FA manifestations in these aging-related inflammatory diseases in the shoulder. The present experiment compared the FA alterations between the shoulder and knee joints in patients with end-stage OA or end-stage RA. SF samples were collected during glenohumeral or knee joint surgery from trauma controls and from OA and RA patients (n = 42). The FA composition of SF total lipids was analyzed by gas chromatography with flame ionization and mass spectrometric detection and compared across cohorts. The FA signatures of trauma controls were mostly uniform in both anatomical locations. RA shoulders were characterized by elevated percentages of 20:4n-6 and 22:6n-3 and with reduced proportions of 18:1n-9. The FA profiles of OA and RA knees were relatively uniform and displayed lower proportions of 18:2n-6, 22:6n-3 and total n-6 polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs). The results indicate location- and disease-dependent differences in the SF FA composition. These alterations in FA profiles and their potential implications for the production of PUFA-derived lipid mediators may affect joint lubrication, synovial inflammation and pannus formation as well as cartilage and bone degradation and contribute to the pathogeneses of inflammatory joint diseases.
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Fatty Acids and Oxylipins in Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis-a Complex Field with Significant Potential for Future Treatments. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2021; 23:41. [PMID: 33913032 PMCID: PMC8081702 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-021-01007-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of Review Osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are characterized by abnormal lipid metabolism manifested as altered fatty acid (FA) profiles of synovial fluid and tissues and in the way dietary FA supplements can influence the symptoms of especially RA. In addition to classic eicosanoids, the potential roles of polyunsaturated FA (PUFA)-derived specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPM) have become the focus of intensive research. Here, we summarize the current state of knowledge of the roles of FA and oxylipins in the degradation or protection of synovial joints. Recent Findings There exists discordance between the large body of literature from cell culture and animal experiments on the adverse and beneficial effects of individual FA and the lack of effective treatments for joint destruction in OA and RA patients. Saturated 16:0 and 18:0 induce mostly deleterious effects, while long-chain n-3 PUFA, especially 20:5n-3, have positive influence on joint health. The situation can be more complex for n-6 PUFA, such as 18:2n-6, 20:4n-6, and its derivative prostaglandin E2, with a combination of potentially adverse and beneficial effects. SPM analogs have future potential as analgesics for arthritic pain. Summary Alterations in FA profiles and their potential implications in SPM production may affect joint lubrication, synovial inflammation, pannus formation, as well as cartilage and bone degradation and contribute to the pathogeneses of inflammatory joint diseases. Further research directions include high-quality randomized controlled trials on dietary FA supplements and investigations on the significance of lipid composition of microvesicle membrane and cargo in joint diseases.
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33
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Yang Y, Wei J, Li J, Cui Y, Zhou X, Xie J. Lipid metabolism in cartilage and its diseases: a concise review of the research progress. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2021; 53:517-527. [PMID: 33638344 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmab021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The homeostasis of the vertebrate body depends on anabolic and catabolic activities that are closely linked the inside and outside of the cell. Lipid metabolism plays an essential role in these metabolic activities. Although a large amount of evidence shows that normal lipid metabolism guarantees the conventional physiological activities of organs in the vertebrate body and that abnormal lipid metabolism plays an important role in the occurrence and deterioration of cardiovascular-related diseases, such as obesity, atherosclerosis, and type II diabetes, little is known about the role of lipid metabolism in cartilage and its diseases. This review aims to summarize the latest advances about the function of lipid metabolism in cartilage and its diseases including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and cartilage tumors. With the gradual in-depth understanding of lipid metabolism in cartilage, treatment methods could be explored to focus on this metabolic process in various cartilage diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Jieya Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Jiachi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yujia Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Jing Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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34
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Octanoic acid a major component of widely consumed medium-chain triglyceride ketogenic diet is detrimental to bone. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7003. [PMID: 33772066 PMCID: PMC7997977 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86468-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Octanoic acid is a medium-chained saturated fatty acid found abundantly in the ketogenic dietary supplements containing medium chained triglycerides (MCT) along with decanoic acid. The MCT ketogenic diet is commonly consumed for weight loss but has also showcased neuroprotective potential against neurodegenerative disorders. However, recent clinical findings have reported a critical disadvantage with the long-term consumption of ketogenic diet i.e. bone loss. The following study was employed to investigate whether the two major components of MCT diet also possess bone loss potential as observed with classical ketogenic diet. Swiss albino mice aged between 10 and 12 weeks, were divided into 3 treatment groups that were administered with oral suspensions of octanoic acid, decanoic acid and a combination of both for 4 weeks. Bone specific markers, microarchitectural parameters, using micro computed tomography, and biomechanical strength were analyzed. Remarkably deleterious alterations in the trabecular bone microarchitecture, and on bone markers were observed in the octanoic acid treated groups. Our results suggest significant negative effects on bone health by octanoic acid. These findings require further investigation and validation in order to provide significant clinically relevant data to possibly modify dietary composition of the MCT ketogenic diet.
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35
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Sun AR, Wu X, Crawford R, Li H, Mei L, Luo Y, Xiao Y, Mao X, Prasadam I. Effects of Diet Induced Weight Reduction on Cartilage Pathology and Inflammatory Mediators in the Joint Tissues. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:628843. [PMID: 33829022 PMCID: PMC8019705 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.628843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesogenic diets contribute to the pathology of osteoarthritis (OA) by altering systemic and local metabolic inflammation. Yet, it remains unclear how quickly and reproducibly the body responds to weight loss strategies and improve OA. In this study we tested whether switching obese diet to a normal chow diet can mitigate the detrimental effects of inflammatory pathways that contribute to OA pathology. Male C57BL/6 mice were first fed with obesogenic diet (high fat diet) and switched to normal chow diet (obese diet → normal diet) or continued obese diet or normal diet throughout the experiment. A mouse model of OA was induced by surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) model into the knee joint. Outcome measures included changes in metabolic factors such as glucose, insulin, lipid, and serum cytokines levels. Inflammation in synovial biopsies was scored and inflammation was determined using FACs sorted macrophages. Cartilage degeneration was monitored using histopathology. Our results indicate, dietary switching (obese diet → normal diet) reduced body weight and restored metabolic parameters and showed less synovial tissue inflammation. Systemic blood concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1α, IL-6, IL-12p40, and IL-17 were decreased, and anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 were increased in dietary switch group compared to mice that were fed with obesogenic diet continuously. Although obese diet worsens the cartilage degeneration in DMM OA model, weight loss induced by dietary switch does not promote the histopathological changes of OA during this study period. Collectively, these data demonstrate that switching obesogenic diet to normal improved metabolic syndrome symptoms and can modulate both systemic and synovium inflammation levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia RuJia Sun
- School of Mechanical, Medical, and Process Engineering, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Center for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoxin Wu
- School of Mechanical, Medical, and Process Engineering, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ross Crawford
- School of Mechanical, Medical, and Process Engineering, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Orthopedic Department, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Hongxing Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Mei
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Luo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yin Xiao
- School of Mechanical, Medical, and Process Engineering, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Xinzhan Mao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Indira Prasadam
- School of Mechanical, Medical, and Process Engineering, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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36
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Shrestha N, Vidimce J, Holland OJ, Cuffe JSM, Beck BR, Perkins AV, McAinch AJ, Hryciw DH. Maternal and Postnatal High Linoleic Acid Diet Impacts Lipid Metabolism in Adult Rat Offspring in a Sex-Specific Manner. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22062946. [PMID: 33799409 PMCID: PMC7999727 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Linoleic acid (LA), an n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), is essential for fetal growth and development. We aimed to investigate the effect of maternal and postnatal high LA (HLA) diet on plasma FA composition, plasma and hepatic lipids and genes involved in lipid metabolism in the liver of adult offspring. Female rats were fed with low LA (LLA; 1.44% LA) or HLA (6.21% LA) diets for 10 weeks before pregnancy, and during gestation/lactation. Offspring were weaned at postnatal day 25 (PN25), fed either LLA or HLA diets and sacrificed at PN180. Postnatal HLA diet decreased circulating total n-3 PUFA and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), while increased total n-6 PUFA, LA and arachidonic acid (AA) in both male and female offspring. Maternal HLA diet increased circulating leptin in female offspring, but not in males. Maternal HLA diet decreased circulating adiponectin in males. Postnatal HLA diet significantly decreased aspartate transaminase (AST) in females and downregulated total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides in the plasma of males. Maternal HLA diet downregulated the hepatic mRNA expression of Hmgcr in both male and female offspring and decreased the hepatic mRNA expression of Cpt1a and Acox1 in females. Both maternal and postnatal HLA diet decreased hepatic mRNA expression of Cyp27a1 in females. Postnatal diet significantly altered circulating fatty acid concentrations, with sex-specific differences in genes that control lipid metabolism in the adult offspring following exposure to high LA diet in utero.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirajan Shrestha
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia; (N.S.); (J.V.); (O.J.H.); (A.V.P.)
| | - Josif Vidimce
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia; (N.S.); (J.V.); (O.J.H.); (A.V.P.)
| | - Olivia J. Holland
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia; (N.S.); (J.V.); (O.J.H.); (A.V.P.)
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, South Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
| | - James S. M. Cuffe
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia;
| | - Belinda R. Beck
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia;
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Anthony V. Perkins
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia; (N.S.); (J.V.); (O.J.H.); (A.V.P.)
| | - Andrew J. McAinch
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia;
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Victoria University, St. Albans, VIC 3021, Australia
| | - Deanne H. Hryciw
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia;
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
- Correspondence:
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Systematic evaluation of sample preparation strategy for GC-MS-based plasma metabolomics and its application in osteoarthritis. Anal Biochem 2021; 621:114153. [PMID: 33684344 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2021.114153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Sample preparation plays a crucial part in plasma metabolomics. In order to obtain an optimal sample extraction method for gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based plasma metabolomics, five different extraction strategies including protein precipitation, liquid-liquid extraction and solid-phase extraction were evaluated systematically for both plasma untargeted- and targeted-metabolomics. The comprehensive evaluation revealed that the all-in-one sample preparation method, MeOH-MTBE-H2O (1:5:1.5, v/v/v), was the optimal extraction method for both untargeted- and targeted-metabolomics. Next, the optimal sample preparation protocol was applied in plasma metabolomics of osteoarthritis (OA). A panel containing cholesterol, lactic acid, stearic acid, alpha-tocopherol and oxalic acid was selected as candidate biomarker to distinguish OA patients from healthy controls (HC) based on the support vector machine (SVM) classification model. The discriminating capability of the candidate biomarker panel was further validated successfully with logistic regression and principal components analysis (PCA) analysis. Therefore, the panel could potentially act as diagnostic biomarker for osteoarthritis.
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38
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Tan L, Harper LR, Armstrong A, Carlson CS, Yammani RR. Dietary saturated fatty acid palmitate promotes cartilage lesions and activates the unfolded protein response pathway in mouse knee joints. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247237. [PMID: 33617553 PMCID: PMC7899342 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased intake of dietary saturated fatty acids has been linked to obesity and the development of Osteoarthritis (OA). However, the mechanism by which these fats promote cartilage degradation and the development of OA is not clearly understood. Here, we report the effects of consumption of common dietary saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, palmitate and oleate, respectively, on body weight, metabolic factors, and knee articular cartilage in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. Mice fed on a diet rich in saturated or unsaturated fatty acid gained an equal amount of weight; however, mice fed a palmitate diet, but not a control or oleate diet, exhibited more cartilage lesions and increased expression of 1) unfolded protein response (UPR)/endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers including BIP, P-IRE1α, XBP1, ATF4, and CHOP; 2) apoptosis markers CC3 and C-PARP; and 3) negative cell survival regulators Nupr1 and TRB3, in knee articular cartilage. Palmitate-induced apoptosis was confirmed by TUNEL staining. Likewise, dietary palmitate was also increased the circulatory levels of classic proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-6 and TNF-α. Taken together, our results demonstrate that increased weight gain is not sufficient for the development of obesity-linked OA and suggest that dietary palmitate promotes UPR/ER stress and cartilage lesions in mouse knee joints. This study validates our previous in vitro findings and suggests that ER stress could be the critical metabolic factor contributing to the development of diet/obesity induced OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States of America
| | - Lindsey R. Harper
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States of America
| | - Alexandra Armstrong
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States of America
| | - Cathy S. Carlson
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States of America
| | - Raghunatha R. Yammani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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39
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John OD, Mouatt P, Panchal SK, Brown L. Rind from Purple Mangosteen ( Garcinia mangostana) Attenuates Diet-Induced Physiological and Metabolic Changes in Obese Rats. Nutrients 2021; 13:319. [PMID: 33499382 PMCID: PMC7912346 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The pulp of the purple mangosteen, Garcinia mangostana, is a popular tropical fruit but the rind containing xanthones such as α-mangostin together with procyanidins and anthocyanidins is usually discarded as waste. However, this rind has been used in South-East Asia for diarrhoea, dysentery, skin infections and wounds. As xanthones have reported anti-inflammatory and antioxidant responses, this study has determined the bioactive compounds and evaluated the effects of G. mangostana rind on physiological, metabolic, liver and cardiovascular parameters in rats with diet-induced metabolic syndrome. Rats fed a diet with increased simple sugars and saturated fats developed obesity, hypertension, increased left ventricular stiffness, dyslipidaemia and fatty liver. Administration of G. mangostana rind as 5% of the food to rats with diet-induced metabolic syndrome gave a dose of 168 mg/kg/day α-mangostin, 355 mg/kg/day procyanidins, 3.9 mg/kg/day anthocyanins and 11.8 mg/kg/day hydroxycitric acid for 8 weeks which reduced body weight and attenuated physiological and metabolic changes in rats including decreased abdominal fat deposition, decreased abdominal circumference and whole-body fat mass, improved liver structure and function and improved cardiovascular parameters such as systolic blood pressure, left ventricular stiffness and endothelial function. These responses were associated with decreased infiltration of inflammatory cells, decreased deposition of collagen in both heart and liver and decreased mean adipocyte size in retroperitoneal adipose tissues. We conclude that, in rats with diet-induced metabolic syndrome, chronic intake of G. mangostana rind decreased infiltration of inflammatory cells which decreased physiological, metabolic, liver and cardiovascular symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver D. John
- Functional Foods Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia; (O.D.J.); (S.K.P.)
| | - Peter Mouatt
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia;
| | - Sunil K. Panchal
- Functional Foods Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia; (O.D.J.); (S.K.P.)
| | - Lindsay Brown
- Functional Foods Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia; (O.D.J.); (S.K.P.)
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia
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Virgen-Carrillo CA, de Los Ríos DLH, Torres KR, Moreno AGM. Diagnostic Criteria for Metabolic Syndrome in Diet-Induced Rodent Models: A Systematic Review. Curr Diabetes Rev 2021; 17:e140421192834. [PMID: 33855947 DOI: 10.2174/1573399817666210414103730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thousands of publications in recent years have addressed the induction of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in rodents. However, the criteria and the reference values for diagnosing this disease have not been defined. OBJECTIVE Our main objective was to carry out a systematic review to gather evidence about the criteria for biochemical and anthropometric parameters in which scientific studies have relied on to report that rats developed MetS from a previous dietary manipulation. METHODS We compiled characteristics and findings of diet-induced MetS with high-fat, high-carbohydrate, high-fat/high-carbohydrates, and cafeteria diet from PubMed and Science Direct databases published in the last 5 years. RESULTS The results on the principal determinants for the syndrome, published in the reviewed articles, were chosen to propose reference values in the rat models of food induction. CONCLUSION The values obtained will serve as reference cut-of points in the development of the disease; in addition, the compilation of data will be useful in planning and executing research protocols in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Alejandrina Virgen-Carrillo
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Comportamiento Alimentario y Nutrición, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Diana Laura Hernández de Los Ríos
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Comportamiento Alimentario y Nutrición, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Karina Ruíz Torres
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Comportamiento Alimentario y Nutrición, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Alma Gabriela Martínez Moreno
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Comportamiento Alimentario y Nutrición, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
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van Gastel N, Carmeliet G. Metabolic regulation of skeletal cell fate and function in physiology and disease. Nat Metab 2021; 3:11-20. [PMID: 33398192 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-020-00321-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The skeleton is diverse in its functions, which include mechanical support, movement, blood cell production, mineral storage and endocrine regulation. This multifaceted role is achieved through an interplay of osteoblasts, chondrocytes, bone marrow adipocytes and stromal cells, all generated from skeletal stem cells. Emerging evidence shows the importance of cellular metabolism in the molecular control of the skeletal system. The different skeletal cell types not only have distinct metabolic demands relating to their particular functions but also are affected by microenvironmental constraints. Specific metabolites control skeletal stem cell maintenance, direct lineage allocation and mediate cellular communication. Here, we discuss recent findings on the roles of cellular metabolism in determining skeletal stem cell fate, coordinating osteoblast and chondrocyte function, and organizing stromal support of haematopoiesis. We also consider metabolic dysregulation in skeletal ageing and degenerative diseases, and provide an outlook on how the field may evolve in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick van Gastel
- de Duve Institute, Brussels, Belgium.
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Geert Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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Caulerpa lentillifera (Sea Grapes) Improves Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health of Rats with Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10120500. [PMID: 33297424 PMCID: PMC7762211 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10120500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Caulerpa lentillifera (sea grapes) is widely consumed in South-East Asia as a low-energy food with high contents of vitamins and minerals. This study investigated dried sea grapes containing 16.6% insoluble fibre commercially produced in Vietnam as an intervention. We hypothesised that insoluble fibre is the primary metabolite that will reverse diet-induced metabolic syndrome. Male Wistar rats (n = 48) were randomly allocated to four groups in a 16 week protocol. Two groups were fed either corn starch (C) or high-carbohydrate, high-fat (H) diets for the full 16 weeks. The other two groups received C and H diets for eight weeks and then received C. lentillifera added to these diets for the final eight weeks (CCL and HCL, respectively). High-carbohydrate, high-fat diet-fed rats developed obesity, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, fatty liver disease and increased left ventricular collagen deposition. C. lentillifera supplementation in HCL rats decreased body weight, systolic blood pressure, plasma concentrations of total cholesterol and non-esterified fatty acids, inflammatory cells in heart and liver, and visceral adiposity. The Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio decreased in the gut microbiota of HCL rats. Therefore, C. lentillifera attenuated cardiovascular and metabolic symptoms of metabolic syndrome in rats, possibly by preventing infiltration of inflammatory cells together with modulating gut microbiota.
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Lauric Acid versus Palmitic Acid: Effects on Adipose Tissue Inflammation, Insulin Resistance, and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Obesity. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9110346. [PMID: 33105887 PMCID: PMC7690582 DOI: 10.3390/biology9110346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The aim of this study was to compare the effect of palmitic acid (PA), a long-chain fatty acid, and lauric acid (LA), a medium-chain fatty acid, on obesity-related metabolic disorders. We used a mouse model of diet-induced obesity and fed them a modified high fat diet supplemented with 3% PA or LA for 12 wk. An LA diet led to an increase in visceral fat mass with a reduction in inflammation compared to the PA diet. We also noted that PA significantly increased systemic insulin resistance whereas LA showed only a trend towards an increase compared to lean control mice. The expression of a protein involved in muscle glucose uptake was higher in LA-treated mice compared to the PA-treated group, indicating improved muscle glucose uptake in LA-fed mice. Analysis of liver samples showed that hepatic steatosis was higher in both PA and LA-fed mice compared to lean controls. Markers of liver inflammation were not altered significantly in mice receiving PA or LA. Our data suggest that compared to PA, LA exerts less adverse effects on metabolic disorders and this could be due to the differential effects of these fatty acids in fat and muscle. Abstract Coconut oil, rich in medium-chain saturated fatty acids (MCSFA), in particular, lauric acid (LA), is known to exert beneficial metabolic effects. Although LA is the most abundant saturated fatty acid in coconut oil, the specific role of LA in altering obesity-related metabolic disorders remains unknown. Here, we examined the effects of supplementing a high fat (HF) diet with purified LA on obesity-associated metabolic derangements in comparison with palmitic acid (PA), a long-chain saturated fatty acid. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed a control chow diet (CD) or an HF diet supplemented with 3% LA (HF + LA) or PA (HF + PA) for 12 wk. Markers of adipose tissue (AT) inflammation, systemic insulin resistance (IR), and hepatic steatosis, were assessed. The body weight and total fat mass were significantly higher in both HF + LA and HF + PA diet-fed groups compared to CD controls. However, the visceral adipose tissue (VAT) mass was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in HF + LA-fed mice compared to both CD as well as HF + PA-fed mice. Interestingly, markers of AT inflammation were promoted to a lesser extent in HF + LA-fed mice compared to HF + PA-fed mice. Thus, immunohistochemical analysis of VAT showed an increase in MCP-1 and IL-6 staining in HF + PA-fed mice but not in HF + LA-fed mice compared to CD controls. Further, the mRNA levels of macrophage and inflammatory markers were significantly higher in HF + PA-fed mice (p < 0.001) whereas these markers were increased to a lesser extent in HF + LA-fed group. Of note, the insulin tolerance test revealed that IR was significantly increased only in HF + PA-fed mice but not in HF + LA-fed group compared to CD controls. While liver triglycerides were increased significantly in both HF + PA and HF + LA-fed mice, liver weight and plasma markers of liver injury such as alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were increased significantly only in HF + PA-fed mice but not in HF + LA-fed mice. Taken together, our data suggest that although both LA and PA increased AT inflammation, systemic IR, and liver injury, the extent of metabolic derangements caused by LA was less compared to PA in the setting of high fat feeding.
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Van de Vyver A, Clockaerts S, van de Lest CHA, Wei W, Verhaar J, Van Osch GJVM, Bastiaansen-Jenniskens YM. Synovial Fluid Fatty Acid Profiles Differ between Osteoarthritis and Healthy Patients. Cartilage 2020; 11:473-478. [PMID: 30203669 PMCID: PMC7488810 DOI: 10.1177/1947603518798891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Free fatty acids (FAs) may influence cartilage metabolism and osteoarthritis (OA) disease progression. It is not clearly studied which FAs are present in the synovial fluid of knee joints and whether there are differences in FA content between nonsymptomatic and OA knee joints. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of different types of FAs in synovial fluid of both OA- and nonsymptomatic control joints, and to analyze differences between both groups. DESIGN A total of 23 synovial fluid samples were collected from patients with end-stage knee OA undergoing total knee replacement, with approval of the medical ethical committee. As controls, 6 synovial fluid samples were obtained from postmortem donors without any history of joint disease or arthritis. Measurement of free FA concentration was done by mass spectrometry for saturated FAs (SFA), monounsaturated FAs (MUFA), and omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated FAs (n-3 PUFAs and n-6 PUFAs). RESULTS Our measurements demonstrated the presence of SFAs, MUFAs, n-3 and n-6 PUFAs in synovial fluid of both nonsymptomatic and OA knee joints. The n-6/n-3 ratio was significantly lower in the OA group (P = 0.0005). Arachidonic acid (n-6 PUFA) concentrations were also lower in OA synovial fluid (P = 0.01), while tetracosadienoic acid (P = 0.0001) and nervonic acid (P = 0.001) (MUFAs) were higher in synovial fluid of patients with knee OA. CONCLUSION Synovial fluid contains a broad spectrum of free FAs. The FAs profile differs between OA and control subjects, including a tendency for less n-6 FAs in OA joints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Van de Vyver
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, University Hospital of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Stefan Clockaerts
- Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands,Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, AZ Groeninge, Kortrijk, Belgium,Stefan Clockaerts, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, AZ Groeninge, Kortrijk, President Kennedylaan 4, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium.
| | | | - Wu Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jan Verhaar
- Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Gerjo J. V. M. Van Osch
- Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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Serum fatty acid chain length associates with prevalent symptomatic end-stage osteoarthritis, independent of BMI. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15459. [PMID: 32963331 PMCID: PMC7508826 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71811-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Higher body mass index (BMI) is associated with osteoarthritis (OA) in both weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing joints, suggesting a link between OA and poor metabolic health beyond mechanical loading. This risk may be influenced by systemic factors accompanying BMI. Fluctuations in concentrations of metabolites may mark or even contribute to development of OA. This study explores the association of metabolites with radiographic knee/hip OA prevalence and progression. A 1H-NMR-metabolomics assay was performed on plasma samples of 1564 cases for prevalent OA and 2,125 controls collected from the Rotterdam Study, CHECK, GARP/NORREF and LUMC-arthroplasty cohorts. OA prevalence and 5 to 10 year progression was assessed by means of Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) score and the OARSI-atlas. End-stage knee/hip OA (TJA) was defined as indication for arthroplasty surgery. Controls did not have OA at baseline or follow-up. Principal component analysis of 227 metabolites demonstrated 23 factors, of which 19 remained interpretable after quality-control. Associations of factor scores with OA definitions were investigated with logistic regression. Fatty acids chain length (FALen), which was included in two factors which associated with TJA, was individually associated with both overall OA as well as TJA. Increased Fatty Acid chain Length is associated with OA.
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Effects of Greenshell Mussel (Perna canaliculus) Intake on Pathological Markers of Multiple Phenotypes of Osteoarthritis in Rats. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10176131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of metabolic osteoarthritis has been increasing worldwide, particularly among women. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the New Zealand greenshell mussel (Perna canaliculus; GSM) on osteoarthritis (OA) prevention in a rat model. One-hundred-and-eight female rats aged 12 weeks were divided into four test groups, containing 24 rats each, plus an additional control group. Each test group received one of the four experimental diets: normal control diet (ND), normal control diet supplemented with GSM (ND + GSM), high fat/high sugar diet (HFHS), or high fat/high sugar diet supplemented GSM (HFHS + GSM), for 36 weeks (end of the study). After 8 weeks on experimental diets, half of each group was subjected to ovariectomy (OVX) and the remaining half received a sham operation (ovaries left intact). The study evaluated body composition, bone mass, plasma cytokines, adipokines, HbA1c, CTX-II, and knee joint’s histopathology. HFHS diet and OVX significantly induced body weight gain and leptin production. OVX rats lost bone mineral density but increased adiponectin, HbA1C, and MCP-1. The OVX rats fed HFHS showed the highest Mankin scores. Importantly, inclusion of GSM reduced these pathological features. In conclusion, GSM might be beneficial in halting the progression of OA.
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Pathogenesis of Osteoarthritis: Risk Factors, Regulatory Pathways in Chondrocytes, and Experimental Models. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9080194. [PMID: 32751156 PMCID: PMC7464998 DOI: 10.3390/biology9080194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
As the most common chronic degenerative joint disease, osteoarthritis (OA) is the leading cause of pain and physical disability, affecting millions of people worldwide. Mainly characterized by articular cartilage degradation, osteophyte formation, subchondral bone remodeling, and synovial inflammation, OA is a heterogeneous disease that impacts all component tissues of the articular joint organ. Pathological changes, and thus symptoms, vary from person to person, underscoring the critical need of personalized therapies. However, there has only been limited progress towards the prevention and treatment of OA, and there are no approved effective disease-modifying osteoarthritis drugs (DMOADs). Conventional treatments, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and physical therapy, are still the major remedies to manage the symptoms until the need for total joint replacement. In this review, we provide an update of the known OA risk factors and relevant mechanisms of action. In addition, given that the lack of biologically relevant models to recapitulate human OA pathogenesis represents one of the major roadblocks in developing DMOADs, we discuss current in vivo and in vitro experimental OA models, with special emphasis on recent development and application potential of human cell-derived microphysiological tissue chip platforms.
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de Andrés MC, Meiss MS, Sánchez-Hidalgo M, González-Benjumea A, Fernández-Bolaños JG, Alarcón-de-la-Lastra C, Oreffo RO. Osteoarthritis treatment with a novel nutraceutical acetylated ligstroside aglycone, a chemically modified extra-virgin olive oil polyphenol. J Tissue Eng 2020; 11:2041731420922701. [PMID: 32523668 PMCID: PMC7257837 DOI: 10.1177/2041731420922701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that dietary patterns confer protection from certain chronic diseases related to oxidative stress, the immune system and chronic low-grade inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential and the capacity to attenuate cartilage degradation using extra-virgin olive oil–derived polyphenols for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Results show that both nutraceuticals ligstroside aglycone and acetylated ligstroside aglycone showed an anti-inflammatory profile. Acetylated ligstroside aglycone significantly reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory genes including NOS2 and MMP13 at both RNA and protein levels; decreased nitric oxide release; and, importantly, reduced proteoglycan loss in human osteoarthritis cartilage explants. Our study demonstrated that a new synthetic acetylated ligstroside aglycone derivative offers enhanced anti-inflammatory profile than the natural nutraceutical compound in osteoarthritis. These results substantiate the role of nutraceuticals in osteoarthritis with implications for therapeutic intervention and our understanding of osteoarthritis pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- María C de Andrés
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development Stem Cells and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Cartilage Epigenetics Group, Rheumatology Division, INIBIC-Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Mia S Meiss
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development Stem Cells and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Richard Oc Oreffo
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development Stem Cells and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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du Preez R, Wanyonyi S, Mouatt P, Panchal SK, Brown L. Saskatoon Berry Amelanchier alnifolia Regulates Glucose Metabolism and Improves Cardiovascular and Liver Signs of Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome in Rats. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12040931. [PMID: 32230955 PMCID: PMC7231198 DOI: 10.3390/nu12040931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia) is a potential functional food containing anthocyanins and flavonols, as well as ellagitannins and phenolic acids. We have determined the potential therapeutic effects of Saskatoon berry in diet-induced metabolic syndrome. Nine- to ten-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups. Two groups were fed on control diets, either corn starch (C) or high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet (H) respectively, for 16 weeks. Two further groups were fed on C or H diet for 16 weeks with Saskatoon berry powder added to the diet for the final 8 weeks (CSSK, HSSK). After 16 weeks, H rats showed symptoms of metabolic syndrome, including increased body weight, visceral adiposity, systolic blood pressure, cardiac fibrosis, plasma concentrations of triglycerides and non-esterified fatty acids, and plasma activities of alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase. Saskatoon berry intervention normalised body weight and adiposity, improved glucose tolerance, decreased systolic blood pressure, improved heart and liver structure and function with decreased infiltration of inflammatory cells, and decreased plasma total cholesterol. Further, Saskatoon berry normalised liver expression of hexokinase 1 and glycogen phosphorylase and increased glucose 6-phosphatase relative to H rats. These results suggest that Saskatoon berry regulates glycolysis, gluconeogenesis and glycogenesis to improve metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan du Preez
- Functional Foods Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia; (R.d.P.); (S.W.); (S.K.P.)
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
| | - Stephen Wanyonyi
- Functional Foods Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia; (R.d.P.); (S.W.); (S.K.P.)
| | - Peter Mouatt
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia;
| | - Sunil K. Panchal
- Functional Foods Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia; (R.d.P.); (S.W.); (S.K.P.)
| | - Lindsay Brown
- Functional Foods Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia; (R.d.P.); (S.W.); (S.K.P.)
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-7-3812-6366
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Dietary Saturated Fatty Acids Modulate Pain Behaviour in Trauma-Induced Osteoarthritis in Rats. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020509. [PMID: 32085385 PMCID: PMC7071407 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative condition of joints, causing pain and swelling, and can be caused or worsened by trauma and obesity. The objectives of this study were to determine whether pain behaviour and progression of OA were increased in rats with trauma-induced OA fed dietary saturated fatty acids (SFA). Male Wistar rats were fed either a corn starch diet (C) or high-carbohydrate high-fat diet (H) with either 20% beef tallow or SFA (lauric (HLA), myristic (HMA), palmitic (HPA) or stearic (HSA) acids) for 16 weeks prior to and 8 weeks after excision of the medial meniscus of right knee joint to initiate OA when pain behaviour, glial activity, progression of knee OA, inflammatory mediators and signs of metabolic syndrome were assessed. Rats fed beef tallow, palmitic or stearic acids showed increased pain symptoms characterised by decreased hind paw/limb withdrawal thresholds and grip strengths and increased spinal astrogliosis and microgliosis compared to rats fed lauric or myristic acids. However, the severity of OA joint damage was unchanged by these dietary manipulations. We conclude that pain symptoms of trauma-induced OA in rats worsen with increased dietary beef tallow or palmitic or stearic acids, but improve with lauric or myristic acids, despite unchanged OA cartilage damage.
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