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Yue C, Tang Y, Chang M, Wang Y, Peng H, Wang X, Wang Z, Zang X, Ben H, Yu G. Dietary supplementation with short- and long-chain structured lipids alleviates obesity via regulating hepatic lipid metabolism, inflammation and gut microbiota in high-fat-diet-induced obese mice. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:5089-5103. [PMID: 38288873 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is closely associated with lipid accumulation, inflammation and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis. Short- and long-chain type structured lipids (SLCTs) are kinds of low-calorie structured lipids and demonstrate anti-obesity and hypolipidemia bioactivity. The objective of this study is to investigate the potential effects of dietary supplementation of SLCTs rich in short-chain fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids on high-fat-diet-induced obesity and gut microbiota modulation in C57BL/6J mice. RESULTS Results showed that SLCTs supplementation ameliorated body weight, dyslipidemia, liver lipid accumulation, liver injury and systemic inflammation in obese mice. As expected, immunohistochemical analysis showed that SLCTs significantly increased the expression of proliferator-activated receptor alpha and decreased the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 in liver tissue. Furthermore, SLCTs supplementation significantly downregulated the expression level of liver inflammation-related genes while upregulating the expression level of liver lipid metabolism-related genes. Additionally, SLCTs supplementation markedly enhanced the diversity of gut microbiota, reduced the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and increased the diversity and richness of beneficial intestinal microorganisms, such as Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group, Alloprevotella and Ruminococcaceae UCG-014. CONCLUSION Our work suggested that SLCTs may have the potential to reduce obesity associated with a high-fat diet by regulating liver metabolism, inflammation and gut microbiota. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chonghui Yue
- College of Food & Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Food Material, Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, China
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Tang
- College of Food & Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Menghan Chang
- College of Food & Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yueyue Wang
- College of Food & Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Huainan Peng
- College of Food & Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Ziyu Wang
- College of Food & Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Xiaodan Zang
- College of Public Health, Food Quality and Safety, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Hongyan Ben
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Guoping Yu
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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Wu M, Huang Z, Akuetteh PDP, Huang Y, Pan J. Eriocitrin prevents Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury through anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation via modulating Nrf2/DRP1/OPA1 signaling pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2024; 1868:130628. [PMID: 38642815 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2024.130628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe inflammation and oxidative stress are characteristics of sepsis-associated kidney injury with high morbidity and mortality. Eriocitrin (ERI) has shown promise in suppressing sepsis-associated kidney injury and LPS-induced periodontal disease, however, its efficacy in alleviating SAKI remains unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of ERI on SAKI through in vivo and in vitro experiments, elucidating its underlying mechanism. METHODS The therapeutic effects of ERI against SAKI were evaluated by survival rate, changes of serum creatinine (Scr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and statistic of renal histological score in a Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced septic mice. Impactions about anti-coagulation, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidative stress and improvement of mitochondrial damage and mitochondrial morphology were further assayed. In vitro, HUVECs upon stimulation of LPS with or without different dosage of ERI, followed by evaluating changes in inflammation, mitochondrial dynamic equilibrium and signaling pathways. RESULTS ERI demonstrated ameliorative effects on SAKI by attenuating inflammation, oxidative stress and coagulation evidenced by the improved survival rate, alleviated kidney histological injury, declined BUN and Scr in serum and diminished levels of inflammation cytokines, and coagulation factors. Mechanistically, ERI suppressed DRP1-regulated mitochondrial fission and promoted OPA1-modulated mitochondrial fusion by activating Nrf2 in septic mice and LPS-stimulated HUVECs, which maintained mitochondrial dynamic equilibrium, improved mitochondrial morphology, assured integrity of mitochondrial function, decreased oxidative stress, impeded overwhelming inflammation, and thus, played a pivotal role in ERI's protection against SAKI. CONCLUSION Our data confirmed the therapeutic potential of ERI in mitigating SAKI,suggesting its viability as a pharmacological agent in clinic settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Wu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Cancer Biomarker Discovery and Translation, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Treatment and Life Support for Critical Diseases of Zhejiang Provincial, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Zhuang Huang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Cancer Biomarker Discovery and Translation, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Percy David Papa Akuetteh
- College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou 325060, Zhejiang Province, China; Dorothy and George Hennings College of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Kean University, Union, NJ 07083, USA
| | - Yueyue Huang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Treatment and Life Support for Critical Diseases of Zhejiang Provincial, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Jingye Pan
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Treatment and Life Support for Critical Diseases of Zhejiang Provincial, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
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Jamal A, Brettle H, Jamil DA, Tran V, Diep H, Bobik A, van der Poel C, Vinh A, Drummond GR, Thomas CJ, Jelinic M, Al-Aubaidy HA. Reduced Insulin Resistance and Oxidative Stress in a Mouse Model of Metabolic Syndrome following Twelve Weeks of Citrus Bioflavonoid Hesperidin Supplementation: A Dose-Response Study. Biomolecules 2024; 14:637. [PMID: 38927040 PMCID: PMC11201492 DOI: 10.3390/biom14060637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities affecting ~25% of adults and is linked to chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. Oxidative stress and inflammation are key drivers of MetS. Hesperidin, a citrus bioflavonoid, has demonstrated antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties; however, its effects on MetS are not fully established. We aimed to determine the optimal dose of hesperidin required to improve oxidative stress, systemic inflammation, and glycemic control in a novel mouse model of MetS. Male 5-week-old C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat, high-salt, high-sugar diet (HFSS; 42% kcal fat content in food and drinking water with 0.9% saline and 10% high fructose corn syrup) for 16 weeks. After 6 weeks of HFSS, mice were randomly allocated to either the placebo group or low- (70 mg/kg/day), mid- (140 mg/kg/day), or high-dose (280 mg/kg/day) hesperidin supplementation for 12 weeks. The HFSS diet induced significant metabolic disturbances. HFSS + placebo mice gained almost twice the weight of control mice (p < 0.0001). Fasting blood glucose (FBG) increased by 40% (p < 0.0001), plasma insulin by 100% (p < 0.05), and HOMA-IR by 150% (p < 0.0004), indicating insulin resistance. Hesperidin supplementation reduced plasma insulin by 40% at 140 mg/kg/day (p < 0.0001) and 50% at 280 mg/kg/day (p < 0.005). HOMA-IR decreased by 45% at both doses (p < 0.0001). Plasma hesperidin levels significantly increased in all hesperidin groups (p < 0.0001). Oxidative stress, measured by 8-OHdG, was increased by 40% in HFSS diet mice (p < 0.001) and reduced by 20% with all hesperidin doses (p < 0.005). In conclusion, hesperidin supplementation reduced insulin resistance and oxidative stress in HFSS-fed mice, demonstrating its dose-dependent therapeutic potential in MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulsatar Jamal
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), & Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology (MAPP), La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia; (A.J.); (H.B.); (D.A.J.); (V.T.); (H.D.); (A.B.); (C.v.d.P.); (A.V.); (G.R.D.); (C.J.T.)
| | - Holly Brettle
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), & Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology (MAPP), La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia; (A.J.); (H.B.); (D.A.J.); (V.T.); (H.D.); (A.B.); (C.v.d.P.); (A.V.); (G.R.D.); (C.J.T.)
| | - Dina A. Jamil
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), & Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology (MAPP), La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia; (A.J.); (H.B.); (D.A.J.); (V.T.); (H.D.); (A.B.); (C.v.d.P.); (A.V.); (G.R.D.); (C.J.T.)
- NewMed Education Australia, Hamilton, QLD 4007, Australia
| | - Vivian Tran
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), & Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology (MAPP), La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia; (A.J.); (H.B.); (D.A.J.); (V.T.); (H.D.); (A.B.); (C.v.d.P.); (A.V.); (G.R.D.); (C.J.T.)
| | - Henry Diep
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), & Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology (MAPP), La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia; (A.J.); (H.B.); (D.A.J.); (V.T.); (H.D.); (A.B.); (C.v.d.P.); (A.V.); (G.R.D.); (C.J.T.)
| | - Alexander Bobik
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), & Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology (MAPP), La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia; (A.J.); (H.B.); (D.A.J.); (V.T.); (H.D.); (A.B.); (C.v.d.P.); (A.V.); (G.R.D.); (C.J.T.)
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Chris van der Poel
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), & Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology (MAPP), La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia; (A.J.); (H.B.); (D.A.J.); (V.T.); (H.D.); (A.B.); (C.v.d.P.); (A.V.); (G.R.D.); (C.J.T.)
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science, Melbourne, VIC 3021, Australia
| | - Antony Vinh
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), & Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology (MAPP), La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia; (A.J.); (H.B.); (D.A.J.); (V.T.); (H.D.); (A.B.); (C.v.d.P.); (A.V.); (G.R.D.); (C.J.T.)
| | - Grant R. Drummond
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), & Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology (MAPP), La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia; (A.J.); (H.B.); (D.A.J.); (V.T.); (H.D.); (A.B.); (C.v.d.P.); (A.V.); (G.R.D.); (C.J.T.)
| | - Colleen J. Thomas
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), & Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology (MAPP), La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia; (A.J.); (H.B.); (D.A.J.); (V.T.); (H.D.); (A.B.); (C.v.d.P.); (A.V.); (G.R.D.); (C.J.T.)
- Pre-Clinical Critical Care Unit, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Maria Jelinic
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), & Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology (MAPP), La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia; (A.J.); (H.B.); (D.A.J.); (V.T.); (H.D.); (A.B.); (C.v.d.P.); (A.V.); (G.R.D.); (C.J.T.)
| | - Hayder A. Al-Aubaidy
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), & Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology (MAPP), La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia; (A.J.); (H.B.); (D.A.J.); (V.T.); (H.D.); (A.B.); (C.v.d.P.); (A.V.); (G.R.D.); (C.J.T.)
- NewMed Education Australia, Hamilton, QLD 4007, Australia
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Baek JY, Kwak JE, Ahn MR. Eriocitrin Inhibits Angiogenesis by Targeting VEGFR2-Mediated PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathways. Nutrients 2024; 16:1091. [PMID: 38613124 PMCID: PMC11013780 DOI: 10.3390/nu16071091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Eriocitrin, a flavanone found in peppermint and citrus fruits, is known to possess many physiological activities. However, the anti-angiogenic effects of eriocitrin are yet to be fully elucidated. Therefore, the objective of this research was to explore the anti-angiogenic effects of eriocitrin both in vitro and in vivo as well as its underlying mechanism. Anti-angiogenic effects of eriocitrin were evaluated utilizing in vitro models of angiogenesis, including inhibition of tube formation, and induction of apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). A chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay in chick embryos was also performed to evaluate the in vivo effects of eriocitrin on angiogenesis. Results showed significant eriocitrin effects on proliferation, tube formation, migration, and apoptosis in HUVECs. Furthermore, in vivo analysis revealed that eriocitrin significantly suppressed the formation of new blood vessels. In particular, it regulated MAPK/ERK signaling pathway and VEGFR2, inhibited the downstream PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, and activated apoptosis signals such as caspase cascades. In HUVECs, the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) exhibited an inhibitory effect on angiogenesis through the suppression of the signaling pathway. Therefore, eriocitrin presents potential for development into an antiangiogenic therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yoon Baek
- Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea; (J.-Y.B.); (J.-E.K.)
| | - Jeong-Eun Kwak
- Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea; (J.-Y.B.); (J.-E.K.)
| | - Mok-Ryeon Ahn
- Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea; (J.-Y.B.); (J.-E.K.)
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
- Center for Food & Bio Innovation, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
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5
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Zhang HJ, Yu H, Fu J, Keranmu A, Zhang ZW, Xu H, Hu JC, Lu JY, Yang XY, Bu MM, Zhai Z, Wang JY, Jiang JD, Wang Y. Biotransformation of antioxidant eriocitrin into characteristic metabolites by the gut microbiota. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2024; 26:510-518. [PMID: 37705345 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2023.2251123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Eriocitrin is a flavonoid glycoside with strong antioxidant capacity that has a variety of pharmacological activities, such as hypolipidemic, anticancer and anti-inflammatory effects. We found that the gut microbiota could rapidly metabolize eriocitrin. By using LC/MSn-IT-TOF, we identified three metabolites of eriocitrin metabolized in the intestinal microbiota: eriodictyol-7-O-glucoside, eriodictyol, and dihydrocaffeic acid. By comparing these two metabolic pathways of eriocitrin (the gut microbiota and liver microsomes), the intestinal microbiota may be the primary metabolic site of eriocitrin metabolism. These findings provide a theoretical foundation for the study of pharmacologically active substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Jian Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jie Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Adili Keranmu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zheng-Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jia-Chun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jin-Yue Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xin-Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Meng-Meng Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jing-Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jian-Dong Jiang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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Morshedzadeh N, Ramezani Ahmadi A, Behrouz V, Mir E. A narrative review on the role of hesperidin on metabolic parameters, liver enzymes, and inflammatory markers in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:7523-7533. [PMID: 38107097 PMCID: PMC10724641 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance, oxidative stress, hyperlipidemia, and inflammation play main roles in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Some studies have reported that hesperidin can reduce hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia by inhibiting inflammatory pathways. In the current study, our purpose was to evaluate whether it can influence the primary parameters in NAFLD and improve the treatment effectiveness for future trials. Various studies have found that hesperidin involves multiple signaling pathways such as cell proliferation, lipid and glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and inflammation, which can potentially affect NAFLD development and prognosis. Recent findings indicate that hesperidin also regulates key enzymes and may affect the severity of liver fibrosis. Hesperidin inhibits reactive oxygen species production that potentially interferes with the activation of transcription factors like nuclear factor-κB. Appropriate adherence to hesperidin may be a promising approach to modulate inflammatory pathways, metabolic indices, hepatic steatosis, and liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nava Morshedzadeh
- Student Research CommitteeKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public HealthKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | | | - Vahideh Behrouz
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public HealthKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | - Elias Mir
- Student Research CommitteeKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
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Booyani Z, Aryaeian N, Omidi N, Khorasanian AS, Hoseini AF, Nejatian M, Jazayeri S, Morvaridi M. Hesperidin reduces serum levels of triglyceride after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:7145-7154. [PMID: 37970430 PMCID: PMC10630806 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Hesperidin, as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent, has beneficial effects on cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to determine the effects of hesperidin supplementation on inflammation, oxidative stress, and lipid profile in depressed coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) patients. Eighty patients after coronary artery bypass graft surgery participated in this clinical trial and were randomly divided into two groups. The intervention group received 200 mg/d pure hesperidin supplement and the second group received placebo for 12 weeks. Both groups continued their usual diet. Serum concentrations of inflammatory and stress oxidative markers (hs-CRP, P-selectin, and ox-LDL) were measured and compared at baseline and the end of the intervention. The changes in serum levels of triglyceride were significantly different between the two groups (p < .05). HDL-c significantly increased in groups but the differences between the two groups were not statistically significant (p > .05). Hesperidin did not affect FBS, other lipid parameters, hs-CRP, P-selectin, and OX-LDL (p > .05). SBP and DBP differences were not statistically significant (p > .05). After 12 weeks of intervention, hesperidin reduced serum levels of triglyceride in depressed post-CABG patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Booyani
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public HealthIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Naheed Aryaeian
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public HealthIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Negar Omidi
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Centre, Cardiovascular Disesae Research InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Atie Sadat Khorasanian
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public HealthIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Agha Fatemeh Hoseini
- Department of Biostatistics, School of HealthIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mostafa Nejatian
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Tehran Heart CenterTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Shima Jazayeri
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public HealthIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mehrnaz Morvaridi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public HealthIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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de Melo LFM, Barbosa JDS, Cordeiro MLDS, Aquino-Martins VGDQ, da Silva AP, Paiva WDS, Silveira ER, dos Santos DYAC, Rocha HAO, Scortecci KC. The Antioxidant and Immunomodulatory Potential of Coccoloba alnifolia Leaf Extracts. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15885. [PMID: 37958868 PMCID: PMC10650087 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been associated with different diseases, and different medicinal plants have been used to treat or prevent this condition. The leaf ethanolic extract (EE) and aqueous extract (AE) from Coccoloba alnifolia have previously been characterized to have antioxidant potential in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we worked with EE and AE and two partition phases, AF (ethyl acetate) and BF (butanol), from AE extract. These extracts and partition phases did not display cytotoxicity. The EE and AE reduced NO production and ROS in all three concentrations tested. Furthermore, it was observed that EE and AE at 500 μg/mL concentration were able to reduce phagocytic activity by 30 and 50%, respectively. A scratch assay using a fibroblast cell line (NHI/3T3) showed that extracts and fractions induced cell migration with 60% wound recovery within 24 h, especially for BF. It was also observed that AF and BF had antioxidant potential in all the assays evaluated. In addition, copper chelation was observed. This activity was previously not detected in AE. The HPLC-DAD analysis showed the presence of phenolic compounds such as p-cumaric acid and vitexin for extracts, while the GNPS annotated the presence of isoorientin, vitexin, kanakugiol, and tryptamine in the BF partition phase. The data presented here demonstrated that the EE, AE, AF, and BF of C. alnifolia have potential immunomodulatory effects, antioxidant effects, as well as in vitro wound healing characteristics, which are important for dynamic inflammation process control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Fentanes Moura de Melo
- Laboratory of Plant Transformation and Microscopy Analysis (LPTAM), Cell Biology and Genetics Department, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (L.F.M.d.M.); (V.G.d.Q.A.-M.); (A.P.d.S.)
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Biochemistry Department, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (J.d.S.B.); (W.d.S.P.); (H.A.O.R.)
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Graduation School Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
| | - Jefferson da Silva Barbosa
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Biochemistry Department, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (J.d.S.B.); (W.d.S.P.); (H.A.O.R.)
- Federal Institut of Education, Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN), São Gonçalo do Amarante 59291-727, RN, Brazil
| | - Maria Lúcia da Silva Cordeiro
- Laboratory of Plant Transformation and Microscopy Analysis (LPTAM), Cell Biology and Genetics Department, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (L.F.M.d.M.); (V.G.d.Q.A.-M.); (A.P.d.S.)
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Biochemistry Department, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (J.d.S.B.); (W.d.S.P.); (H.A.O.R.)
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Graduation School Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
| | - Verônica Giuliani de Queiroz Aquino-Martins
- Laboratory of Plant Transformation and Microscopy Analysis (LPTAM), Cell Biology and Genetics Department, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (L.F.M.d.M.); (V.G.d.Q.A.-M.); (A.P.d.S.)
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Biochemistry Department, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (J.d.S.B.); (W.d.S.P.); (H.A.O.R.)
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Graduation School Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
| | - Ariana Pereira da Silva
- Laboratory of Plant Transformation and Microscopy Analysis (LPTAM), Cell Biology and Genetics Department, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (L.F.M.d.M.); (V.G.d.Q.A.-M.); (A.P.d.S.)
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Biochemistry Department, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (J.d.S.B.); (W.d.S.P.); (H.A.O.R.)
| | - Weslley de Souza Paiva
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Biochemistry Department, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (J.d.S.B.); (W.d.S.P.); (H.A.O.R.)
- Northeast Biotecnology Network (RENORBIO), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil
| | - Elielson Rodrigo Silveira
- Phytochemistry Laboratory, Botany Departament, Bioscience Institut, São Paulo University, São Paulo 05508-070, SP, Brazil; (E.R.S.); (D.Y.A.C.d.S.)
| | - Déborah Yara A. Cursino dos Santos
- Phytochemistry Laboratory, Botany Departament, Bioscience Institut, São Paulo University, São Paulo 05508-070, SP, Brazil; (E.R.S.); (D.Y.A.C.d.S.)
| | - Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Biochemistry Department, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (J.d.S.B.); (W.d.S.P.); (H.A.O.R.)
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Graduation School Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
| | - Kátia Castanho Scortecci
- Laboratory of Plant Transformation and Microscopy Analysis (LPTAM), Cell Biology and Genetics Department, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (L.F.M.d.M.); (V.G.d.Q.A.-M.); (A.P.d.S.)
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Graduation School Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
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9
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Li D, Yang L, Wang W, Song C, Xiong R, Pan S, Li N, Geng Q. Eriocitrin attenuates sepsis-induced acute lung injury in mice by regulating MKP1/MAPK pathway mediated-glycolysis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 118:110021. [PMID: 36966548 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming has been shown to aggravate sepsis-induced acute lung injury. In particular, enhanced glycolysis is closely associated with inflammation and oxidative stress. Eriocitrin (ERI) is a natural flavonoid found in citrus fruit that exhibits various pharmacological activities, with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and anti-tumor properties. However, the role of ERI in lung injury is not well understood. We established a septic mouse model of acute lung injury (ALI) using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for induction. Primary peritoneal macrophages were isolated to verify the relevant molecular mechanism. Tissues were assessed for lung pathology, pro-inflammatory cytokines, markers of oxidative stress, and protein and mRNA expression levels. In vivo experiments showed that ERI effectively alleviated LPS-induced pathological injury, suppress the inflammatory response (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 levels) and decreased oxidative stress (MDA, ROS) in murine lung tissue. In vitro, ERI increased the resistance of LPS-treated cells to excessive inflammation and oxidative stress by inhibiting the enhancement of glycolysis (indicated by expression levels of HIF-1α, HK2, LDHA, PFKFB3, and PKM2). Specifically, the beneficial effects of ERI following LPS-induced lung injury occurred through promoting the expression of MKP1, which mediates the inactivation of the MAPK pathway to inhibit enhanced glycolysis. These results demonstrate that ERI has a protective effect on sepsis-induced ALI by regulating MKP1/MAPK pathway mediated-glycolysis. Hence, ERI is a promising candidate against ALI via inhibiting glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Congkuan Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Rui Xiong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Shize Pan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Qing Geng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
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10
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Jack BU, Ramharack P, Malherbe C, Gabuza K, Joubert E, Pheiffer C. Cyclopia intermedia (Honeybush) Induces Uncoupling Protein 1 and Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Alpha Expression in Obese Diabetic Female db/db Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043868. [PMID: 36835279 PMCID: PMC9964215 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously, we reported that a crude polyphenol-enriched fraction of Cyclopia intermedia (CPEF), a plant consumed as the herbal tea, commonly known as honeybush, reduced lipid content in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and inhibited body weight gain in obese, diabetic female leptin receptor-deficient (db/db) mice. In the current study, the mechanisms underlying decreased body weight gain in db/db mice were further elucidated using western blot analysis and in silico approaches. CPEF induced uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1, 3.4-fold, p < 0.05) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα, 2.6-fold, p < 0.05) expression in brown adipose tissue. In the liver, CPEF induced PPARα expression (2.2-fold, p < 0.05), which was accompanied by a 31.9% decrease in fat droplets in Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E)-stained liver sections (p < 0.001). Molecular docking analysis revealed that the CPEF compounds, hesperidin and neoponcirin, had the highest binding affinities for UCP1 and PPARα, respectively. This was validated with stabilising intermolecular interactions within the active sites of UCP1 and PPARα when complexed with these compounds. This study suggests that CPEF may exert its anti-obesity effects by promoting thermogenesis and fatty acid oxidation via inducing UCP1 and PPARα expression, and that hesperidin and neoponcirin may be responsible for these effects. Findings from this study could pave the way for designing target-specific anti-obesity therapeutics from C. intermedia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babalwa Unice Jack
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +27-219-380336
| | - Pritika Ramharack
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Christiaan Malherbe
- Plant Bioactives Group, Post-Harvest and Agro-Processing Technologies, Agricultural Research Council (ARC), Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Stellenbosch 7599, South Africa
| | - Kwazi Gabuza
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - Elizabeth Joubert
- Plant Bioactives Group, Post-Harvest and Agro-Processing Technologies, Agricultural Research Council (ARC), Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Stellenbosch 7599, South Africa
- Department of Food Science, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa
| | - Carmen Pheiffer
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
- Centre for Cardio-Metabolic Research in Africa (CARMA), Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
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11
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Gangadhariah M, Pardhi T, Ravilla J, Chandra S, Singh SA. Citrus nutraceutical eriocitrin and its metabolites are partial agonists of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ): a molecular docking and molecular dynamics study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 41:11373-11393. [PMID: 36576222 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2162127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonists are potent insulin sensitizers in treating type 2 diabetes. Despite being very effective in the fight against diabetes-mediated complications, PPARγ agonists are accompanied by severe side effects leading to complicated health problems, making the discovery of novel safe ligands highly pertinent. A significant intense research effort is in progress to explore the PPARγ activating potential of a wide range of natural compounds. Lemon (Citrus limon) contains various bioactive flavonoids, and eriocitrin is the major flavonoid. It possesses substantial antioxidant and anticancer, lipid-lowering activities and prevents obesity-associated metabolic diseases. Eriocitrin is metabolized to eriodictyol in the intestine, and the absorbed eriodictyol undergoes conversion to numerous metabolites in vivo. It is unclear if eriocitrin or its metabolites are responsible for their beneficial effects. We have used molecular docking, ADMET properties, drug-likeness score and molecular dynamics simulation study to find if eriocitrin and its metabolites are potent binders for PPARγ. Docking studies revealed that eriocitrin binds to PPARγ with the highest binding energy, but ADMET properties and in vivo studies show that the bioavailability of eriocitrin is very poor. Molecular dynamics studies were carried out to validate the docking results, and multiple parameters like RMSD, RMSF, Radius of gyration, SASA, hydrogen bond analysis, interaction energy, principal component analysis, Gibbs free energy and MM-PBSA were calculated. Based on our studies, eriodictyol, eriodictyol 7-O-glucuronide, eriodictyol 3'-O-glucuronide, homoeriodictyol and homoeriodictyol 7-O-glucuronide which are metabolites of eriocitrin appear to be potent partial agonists of PPARγ under physiological conditions.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesha Gangadhariah
- Department of Traditional Foods and Applied Nutrition, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Triveni Pardhi
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jahnavi Ravilla
- Department of Traditional Foods and Applied Nutrition, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Subhash Chandra
- Computational Biology & Biotechnology Laboratory Department of Botany, Soban Singh Jeena University S.S.J. Campus, Almora, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sridevi Annapurna Singh
- Department of Traditional Foods and Applied Nutrition, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
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12
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Li X, Geng-Ji JJ, Quan YY, Qi LM, Sun Q, Huang Q, Jiang HM, Sun ZJ, Liu HM, Xie X. Role of potential bioactive metabolites from traditional Chinese medicine for type 2 diabetes mellitus: An overview. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1023713. [PMID: 36479195 PMCID: PMC9719995 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1023713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease with persistent hyperglycemia primarily caused by insulin resistance (IR). The number of diabetic patients globally has been rising over the past decades. Although significant progress has been made in treating diabetes mellitus (DM), existing clinical drugs for diabetes can no longer fully meet patients when they face complex and huge clinical treatment needs. As a traditional and effective medical system, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a unique understanding of diabetes treatment and has developed many classic and practical prescriptions targeting DM. With modern medicine and pharmacy advancements, researchers have discovered that various bioactive metabolites isolated from TCM show therapeutic on DM. Compared with existing clinical drugs, these bioactive metabolites demonstrate promising prospects for treating DM due to their excellent biocompatibility and fewer adverse reactions. Accordingly, these valuable metabolites have attracted the interest of researchers worldwide. Despite the abundance of research works and specialized-topic reviews published over the past years, there is a lack of updated and systematic reviews concerning this fast-growing field. Therefore, in this review, we summarized the bioactive metabolites derived from TCM with the potential treatment of T2DM by searching several authoritative databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Wiley Online Library, and Springer Link. For the convenience of readers, the content is divided into four parts according to the structural characteristics of these valuable compounds (flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, and others). Meanwhile, the detailed mechanism and future directions of these promising compounds curing DM are also summarized in the related sections. We hope this review inspires increasingly valuable and significant research focusing on potential bioactive metabolites from TCM to treat DM in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Regimen and Health, School of Pharmacy and College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia-Jia Geng-Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Regimen and Health, School of Pharmacy and College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yun-Yun Quan
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lu-Ming Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Regimen and Health, School of Pharmacy and College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Qun Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hai-Mei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Regimen and Health, School of Pharmacy and College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zi-Jian Sun
- Sichuan Ant Recommendation Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong-Mei Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Regimen and Health, School of Pharmacy and College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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13
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Yao L, Liu W, Bashir M, Nisar MF, Wan CC. Eriocitrin: A review of pharmacological effects. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 154:113563. [PMID: 35987162 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to recognize the recent literature to highlight the pharmacological impacts and highlight the therapeutic potential of the active molecule eriocitrin. Citrus limon are a good resource of the flavanone eriocitrin (eriodictyol 7-O-β-D-rutinoside). Eriocitrin has potent biological actions due to its strong antioxidant, antitumor, anti-allergic, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory activities. Eriocitrin is more potent in suppressing oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus (DM) and other chronic diseases incurred by excessive oxidative stress. During metabolism, eriocitrin is metabolized by gut microbiota, and a chain of molecules such as eriodictyol, methy-eriodictyol, 3,4-dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid (DHCA), and much more conjugated molecules. More in-depth studies are recommended to explore this drug for clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Yao
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Wei Liu
- University and College Key Lab of Natural Product Chemistry and Application in Xinjiang, School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, China.
| | - Mariam Bashir
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (CUVAS), Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farrukh Nisar
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Postharvest Technology and Nondestructive Testing of Fruits & Vegetables, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (CUVAS), Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Chunpeng Craig Wan
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Postharvest Technology and Nondestructive Testing of Fruits & Vegetables, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
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14
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Cesar TB, Ramos FMM, Ribeiro CB. Nutraceutical Eriocitrin (Eriomin) Reduces Hyperglycemia by Increasing Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 and Downregulates Systemic Inflammation: A Crossover-Randomized Clinical Trial. J Med Food 2022; 25:1050-1058. [PMID: 35796695 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2021.0181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This double-blind, randomized, placebo/controlled, crossover study evaluated the efficacy of Eriomin® in reducing hyperglycemia and improving diabetes-related biomarkers in individuals with hyperglycemia above 110 mg/dL (mean 123 ± 18 mg/dL). Subjects (n = 30), divided into two groups (Eriomin or Placebo), who received a dose of 200 mg/d of the designated supplement for 12 weeks and, after a washout period of 2 weeks, switched to the other supplement in the following 12 weeks. Assessments of biochemical, metabolic, inflammatory, blood pressure, anthropometry, and dietary parameters were performed at the beginning and end of each intervention. Treatment with 200 mg/d of Eriomin significantly decreased blood glucose (-5%), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (-11%), glucagon (-13%), interleukin-6 (-14%), tumor necrosis factor alpha (-20%), and alkaline phosphatase (-13%); but increased glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) by (17%) (P ≤ .05). At the end of the placebo period, there was a 13% increase in triglycerides (P ≤ .05). Other parameters evaluated did not change with Eriomin or placebo. In conclusion, intervention with Eriomin benefited the glycemic control of prediabetic and diabetic patients, with higher blood glucose levels, by increasing GLP-1 and decreasing systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Borges Cesar
- Laboratory of Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Maria Manzini Ramos
- Laboratory of Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Barbosa Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
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15
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Manthey JA, Ferreira PS, Cesar TB. Influences of Solubility and Vehicle Carriers on Eriodictyol Pharmacokinetics in Rats. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:4667-4676. [PMID: 35394285 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the pharmacokinetics of oral doses of eriodictyol in 1% sodium carboxymethylcellulose and in saline/PEG400/Tween80 (75/20/5, v/v/v) in rats were compared. The pharmacokinetics of eriocitrin administered as a dissolved solution in water were also characterized. Metabolites of eriodictyol and eriocitrin in whole blood consisted mainly of eriodictyol, homoeriodictyol, and hesperetin glucuronides and ring-fission metabolites. In whole blood, no free nonconjugated flavanone aglycones were detected. Significant differences were observed in the pharmacokinetics of eriodictyol administered as a suspension in 1% sodium carboxymethylcellulose versus administration as a dissolved solution in saline/PEG400/Tween80 (75/20/5, v/v/v). At a dose of 25 mg kg-1 eriodictyol administered with 1% sodium carboxymethylcellulose, a biphasic pharmacokinetic curve was observed, while only a single concentration peak was observed following an administration of 25 mg kg-1 eriodictyol dissolved in saline/PEG400/Tween80 (75/20/5, v/v/v). For all trials, the pharmacokinetics of eriodictyol differed from those of eriocitrin dissolved in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Manthey
- U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 2001 S. Rock Road, Fort Pierce, Florida 34945, United States
| | - Paula S Ferreira
- U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 2001 S. Rock Road, Fort Pierce, Florida 34945, United States
- Laboratory of Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Thais B Cesar
- Laboratory of Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil
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16
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Duan J, Chen C, Li H, Ju G, Gao A, Sun Y, Zhang W. Multifaceted Protective Effects of Hesperidin by Aromatic Hydrocarbon Receptor in Endothelial Cell Injury Induced by Benzo[a]Pyrene. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030574. [PMID: 35276933 PMCID: PMC8838654 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) causes atherosclerosis by activating the aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) signaling pathway to trigger lipid peroxidation and inflammation, thereby promoting the development of atherosclerosis. Hesperidin (Hsd), one of the 60 flavonoids of citrus, exhibits therapeutic effects on atherosclerosis. However, its antagonistic function for BaP remains unclear. In this study, the EA.hy926 cell model was used to systematically examine the antagonistic effect of Hsd with BaP, especially in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation and transport. Results showed that Hsd could reduce BaP-induced AHR activation in mRNA and protein expression level, and reduce LDL accumulation by decreasing the BaP-induced expression of advanced glycation end products and enhancing the BaP-inhibited Adenosine Triphosphate-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) protein and mRNA expression in EA.hy926 cells. In addition, Hsd could antagonize BaP-induced interaction of reactive oxygen species and the subsequent generation of oxidized LDL and malondialdehyde. Finally, Hsd could alleviate BaP-induced inflammatory response by decreasing IL-1β and TNF-α expression. All these results suggest that Hsd suppresses LDL accumulation, oxidation, and inflammatory response, and thus strongly impedes the AHR pathway activated by BaP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Duan
- Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519087, China; (J.D.); (C.C.); (H.L.); (G.J.); (A.G.); (Y.S.)
- Zhuhai Branch of State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519087, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519087, China; (J.D.); (C.C.); (H.L.); (G.J.); (A.G.); (Y.S.)
- Zhuhai Branch of State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Hong Li
- Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519087, China; (J.D.); (C.C.); (H.L.); (G.J.); (A.G.); (Y.S.)
- Zhuhai Branch of State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519087, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Gaoyan Ju
- Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519087, China; (J.D.); (C.C.); (H.L.); (G.J.); (A.G.); (Y.S.)
- Zhuhai Branch of State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519087, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ai Gao
- Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519087, China; (J.D.); (C.C.); (H.L.); (G.J.); (A.G.); (Y.S.)
- Zhuhai Branch of State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519087, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yinghao Sun
- Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519087, China; (J.D.); (C.C.); (H.L.); (G.J.); (A.G.); (Y.S.)
- Zhuhai Branch of State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519087, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wensheng Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519087, China; (J.D.); (C.C.); (H.L.); (G.J.); (A.G.); (Y.S.)
- Zhuhai Branch of State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519087, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Correspondence:
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Mahmoud AM, Sayed AM, Ahmed OS, Abdel-Daim MM, Hassanein EHM. The role of flavonoids in inhibiting IL-6 and inflammatory arthritis. Curr Top Med Chem 2022; 22:746-768. [PMID: 34994311 DOI: 10.2174/1568026622666220107105233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that primarily affects the synovial joints. RA has well-known clinical manifestations and can cause progressive disability and premature death along with socioeconomic burdens. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) has been implicated in the pathology of RA where it can stimulate pannus formation, osteoclastogenesis, and oxidative stress. Flavonoids are plant metabolites with beneficial pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticancer, and others. Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds found in a variety of plants, vegetables, and fruits. Many flavonoids have demonstrated anti-arthritic activity mediated mainly through the suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This review thoroughly discusses the accumulate data on the role of flavonoids on IL-6 in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman M Mahmoud
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Sayed
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Egypt
| | - Osama S Ahmed
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University-Assiut Branch, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Egypt
| | - Emad H M Hassanein
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University-Assiut Branch, Egypt
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18
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Liu L, Guo P, Wang P, Zheng S, Qu Z, Liu N. The Review of Anti-aging Mechanism of Polyphenols on Caenorhabditis elegans. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:635768. [PMID: 34327192 PMCID: PMC8314386 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.635768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Micronutrients extracted from natural plants or made by biological synthesis are widely used in anti-aging research and applications. Among more than 30 effective anti-aging substances, employing polyphenol organic compounds for modification or delaying of the aging process attracts great interest because of their distinct contribution in the prevention of degenerative diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and cancer. There is a profound potential for polyphenol extracts in the research of aging and the related diseases of the elderly. Previous studies have mainly focused on the properties of polyphenols implicated in free radical scavenging; however, the anti-oxidant effect cannot fully elaborate its biological functions, such as neuroprotection, Aβ protein production, ion channel coupling, and signal transduction pathways. Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) has been considered as an ideal model organism for exploring the mechanism of anti-aging research and is broadly utilized in screening for natural bioactive substances. In this review, we have described the molecular mechanisms and pathways responsible for the slowdown of aging processes exerted by polyphenols. We also have discussed the possible mechanisms for their anti-oxidant and anti-aging properties in C. elegans from the perspective of different classifications of the specific polyphenols, such as flavonols, anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols, hydroxybenzoic acid, hydroxycinnamic acid, and stilbenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Liu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Peisen Guo
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Peixi Wang
- Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Shanqing Zheng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Zhi Qu
- Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Nan Liu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.,Institute of Environment and Health, South China Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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19
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Nuzzo D, Picone P, Giardina C, Scordino M, Mudò G, Pagliaro M, Scurria A, Meneguzzo F, Ilharco LM, Fidalgo A, Alduina R, Presentato A, Ciriminna R, Di Liberto V. New Neuroprotective Effect of Lemon IntegroPectin on Neuronal Cellular Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:669. [PMID: 33923111 PMCID: PMC8145755 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lemon IntegroPectin obtained via hydrodynamic cavitation of organic lemon processing waste in water shows significant neuroprotective activity in vitro, as first reported in this study investigating the effects of both lemon IntegroPectin and commercial citrus pectin on cell viability, cell morphology, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and mitochondria perturbation induced by treatment of neuronal SH-SY5Y human cells with H2O2. Mediated by ROS, including H2O2 and its derivatives, oxidative stress alters numerous cellular processes, such as mitochondrial regulation and cell signaling, propagating cellular injury that leads to incurable neurodegenerative diseases. These results, and the absence of toxicity of this new pectic substance rich in adsorbed flavonoids and terpenes, suggest further studies to investigate its activity in preventing, retarding, or even curing neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Nuzzo
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l’Innovazione Biomedica, CNR, via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy;
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (R.A.); (A.P.)
| | - Pasquale Picone
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l’Innovazione Biomedica, CNR, via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy;
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (R.A.); (A.P.)
| | - Costanza Giardina
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina, Neuroscienze e Diagnostica Avanzata, Università di Palermo, Corso Tukory 129, 90134 Palermo, Italy; (C.G.); (M.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Miriana Scordino
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina, Neuroscienze e Diagnostica Avanzata, Università di Palermo, Corso Tukory 129, 90134 Palermo, Italy; (C.G.); (M.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Giuseppa Mudò
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina, Neuroscienze e Diagnostica Avanzata, Università di Palermo, Corso Tukory 129, 90134 Palermo, Italy; (C.G.); (M.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Mario Pagliaro
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, CNR, via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (M.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Antonino Scurria
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, CNR, via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (M.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Francesco Meneguzzo
- Istituto per la Bioeconomia, CNR, via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy;
| | - Laura M. Ilharco
- Centro de Química-Física Molecular and IN-Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (L.M.I.); (A.F.)
| | - Alexandra Fidalgo
- Centro de Química-Física Molecular and IN-Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (L.M.I.); (A.F.)
| | - Rosa Alduina
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (R.A.); (A.P.)
| | - Alessandro Presentato
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (R.A.); (A.P.)
| | - Rosaria Ciriminna
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, CNR, via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (M.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Valentina Di Liberto
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina, Neuroscienze e Diagnostica Avanzata, Università di Palermo, Corso Tukory 129, 90134 Palermo, Italy; (C.G.); (M.S.); (G.M.)
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20
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Nery M, Ferreira PS, Gonçalves DR, Spolidorio LC, Manthey JA, Cesar TB. Physiological effects of tangeretin and heptamethoxyflavone on obese C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat diet and analyses of the metabolites originating from these two polymethoxylated flavones. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:1997-2009. [PMID: 33841818 PMCID: PMC8020949 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Two compounds from citrus peel, tangeretin (TAN) and 3',4',3,5,6,7,8-heptamethoxyflavone (HMF), were investigated for their abilities to repair metabolic damages caused by an high-fat diet (HFD) in C57BL/6J mice. In the first 4 weeks, mice were fed either a standard diet (11% kcal from fat) for the control group, or a HFD (45% kcal from fat) to establish obesity in three experimental groups. In the following 4 weeks, two groups receiving the HFD were supplemented with either TAN or HMF at daily doses of 100 mg/kg body weight, while the two remaining groups continued to receive the standard healthy diet or the nonsupplemented HFD. Four weeks of supplementation with TAN and HMF resulted in intermediate levels of blood serum glucose, leptin, resistin, and insulin resistance compared with the healthy control and the nonsupplemented HFD groups. Blood serum peroxidation (TBARS) levels were significantly lower in the TAN and HMF groups compared with the nonsupplemented HFD group. Several differences occurred in the physiological effects of HMF versus TAN. TAN, but not HMF, reduced adipocyte size in the mice with pre-existent obesity, while HMF, but not TAN, decreased fat accumulation in the liver and also significantly increased the levels of an anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10. In an analysis of the metabolites of TAN and HMF, several main classes occurred, including a new set of methylglucuronide conjugates. It is suggested that contrasts between the observed physiological effects of TAN and HMF may be attributable to the differences in numbers and chemical structures of TAN and HMF metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Nery
- Department of Food and NutritionLaboratory of NutritionFaculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesSão Paulo State University (UNESP)AraraquaraBrazil
| | - Paula S. Ferreira
- Department of Food and NutritionLaboratory of NutritionFaculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesSão Paulo State University (UNESP)AraraquaraBrazil
- U.S. Horticultural Research LaboratoryAgricultural Research ServiceUSDAFort PierceFLUSA
| | - Danielle R. Gonçalves
- Department of Food and NutritionLaboratory of NutritionFaculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesSão Paulo State University (UNESP)AraraquaraBrazil
- U.S. Horticultural Research LaboratoryAgricultural Research ServiceUSDAFort PierceFLUSA
| | - Luis C. Spolidorio
- Department of Physiology and PathologySchool of DentistrySão Paulo State University (UNESP)AraraquaraBrazil
| | - John A. Manthey
- U.S. Horticultural Research LaboratoryAgricultural Research ServiceUSDAFort PierceFLUSA
| | - Thais B. Cesar
- Department of Food and NutritionLaboratory of NutritionFaculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesSão Paulo State University (UNESP)AraraquaraBrazil
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21
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Yang X, Mo W, Zheng C, Li W, Tang J, Wu X. Alleviating effects of noni fruit polysaccharide on hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation in rats under a high-fat diet and its possible mechanisms. Food Funct 2021; 11:2953-2968. [PMID: 32315005 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00178c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with gut microbiota, oxidative stress, and inflammation. We aimed to investigate the possible mechanism by which noni fruit polysaccharide (NFP) improved hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation in rats under a high-fat diet (HFD) by modulating short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), the intestinal barrier, and gut microbiota. Hepatic oxidative stress, inflammation, and gut dysbiosis in rats were induced through HFD feeding for 4 weeks, followed by intervention with NFP treatment (100 mg per kg bw) for 5 weeks. The results showed that NFP reduced body weight gain and improved lipid metabolism, hepatic oxidative stress, and inflammation in rats under a HFD. Aside from these beneficial effects, NFP positively affected the SCFA production and reversed the HFD-induced gut dysbiosis as indicated by improved microbiota diversity and composition. The levels of Lactobacillus, Ruminococcaceae_UCG_014, Parasutterella, [Eubacterium]_coprostanoligenes_group, and Ruminococcus_1 improved, whereas the levels of Prevotella_9, Collinsella, Bacteroides, and Turicibacter decreased. Furthermore, NFP maintained the colonic barrier integrity (increased the mRNA relative expression of CCL5, ZO-1, and occludin in the colon, and decreased the serum CCL5 level), and decreased the serum lipopolysaccharide level. Thus, NFP may modulate the gut microflora and SCFA production and reduce the permeability of the colonic barrier and metabolic endotoxemia, thereby alleviating hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation in rats under a HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Yang
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510310, China
| | - Wenjing Mo
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510310, China
| | - Chuanjin Zheng
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528453, China.
| | - Wenzhi Li
- Infinitus (China) Co. Ltd, Xinhui 529156, China
| | - Jian Tang
- Infinitus (China) Co. Ltd, Xinhui 529156, China
| | - Xiaoyong Wu
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528453, China.
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22
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Ferreira PS, Manthey JA, Nery MS, Cesar TB. Pharmacokinetics and Biodistribution of Eriocitrin in Rats. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:1796-1805. [PMID: 33533607 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c04553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Eriocitrin plays a role in the reduction of oxidative stress and inflammation linked to the development of diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis. We investigated the pharmacokinetics and distribution of eriocitrin metabolites in rats orally administered with eriocitrin. Plasma, urine, and organs were collected at 12 different time points from 0 to 24 h and analyzed by HPLC-PDA-MS. For the first time, the metabolism and distribution of orally administered eriocitrin were shown. Nine metabolites of eriocitrin were identified in rat urine, and seven in various tissues (eriodictyol, homoeriodictyol, hesperetin, and glucuronidated metabolites), and preliminary identifications of these metabolites are suggested. Overall, eriocitrin metabolites were widely distributed in the rat tissues, where homoeriodictyol and homoeriodictyol-7-O-glucuronide were the major metabolites. The half-lives of the metabolites in plasma were between 3 and 3.2 h, and the total bioavailability of eriocitrin was less than 1%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula S Ferreira
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Araraquara, Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição, Rodovia Araraquara-Jau, km 1, Araraquara, SP 14802-901, Brazil
| | - John A Manthey
- U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 2001 South Rock Road, Port Fierce, Florida 34945, United States
| | - Marina S Nery
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Araraquara, Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição, Rodovia Araraquara-Jau, km 1, Araraquara, SP 14802-901, Brazil
| | - Thais B Cesar
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Araraquara, Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição, Rodovia Araraquara-Jau, km 1, Araraquara, SP 14802-901, Brazil
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23
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Liu T, Xing Y, Fan X, Chen Z, Zhao C, Liu L, Zhao M, Hu X, Dong B, Wang J, Cui H, Gong D, Geng T. Fasting and overfeeding affect the expression of the immunity- or inflammation-related genes in the liver of poultry via endogenous retrovirus. Poult Sci 2021; 100:973-981. [PMID: 33518151 PMCID: PMC7858184 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.11.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
It is known that nutrition and immunity are connected, but the mechanism is not very clear. Endogenous retroviruses (ERV) account for 8 to 10% of the human and mouse genomes and play an important role in some biological processes of animals. Recent studies indicate that the activation of ERV can affect the expression of the immunity- or inflammation-related genes, and the activities of ERV are subjected to regulation of many factors including nutritional factors. Therefore, we hypothesize that nutritional status can affect the expression of the immunity- or inflammation-related genes via ERV. To verify this hypothesis, the nutritional status of animals was altered by fasting or overfeeding, and the expression of intact ERV (ERVK18P, ERVK25P) and immunity- or inflammation-related genes (DDX41, IFIH1, IFNG, IRF7, STAT3) in the liver was determined by quantitative PCR, followed by overexpressing ERVK25P in goose primary hepatocytes and determining the expression of the immunity- or inflammation-related genes. The data showed that compared with the control group (no fasting), the expression of ERV and the immunity- or inflammation-related genes was increased in the liver of the fasted chickens but decreased in the liver of the fasted geese. Moreover, compared with the control group (routinely fed), the expression of ERV and the immunity- or inflammation-related genes was increased in the liver of the overfed geese. In addition, overexpression of ERVK25P in goose primary hepatocytes can induce the expression of the immunity- or inflammation-related genes. In conclusion, these findings suggest that ERV mediate the effects of fasting and overfeeding on the expression of the immunity- or inflammation-related genes, the mediation varied with poultry species, and ERV and the immunity- or inflammation-related genes may be involved in the development of goose fatty liver. This study provides a potential mechanism for the connection between nutrition and immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongjun Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Ya Xing
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xue Fan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zhenzhen Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Long Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Minmeng Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xuming Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Biao Dong
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Hengmi Cui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Daoqing Gong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Tuoyu Geng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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24
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Xu J, Ma L, Fu P. Eriocitrin attenuates ischemia reperfusion-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in rats with acute kidney injury by regulating the dual-specificity phosphatase 14 (DUSP14)-mediated Nrf2 and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathways. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:350. [PMID: 33708977 PMCID: PMC7944338 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Ischemia reperfusion (IR)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is accompanied by increased inflammatory response and oxidative stress. Eriocitrin is a flavonoid that is mainly derived from lemon or citrate juice. It exhibits various pharmacological effects and is known to have antioxidant and anti-steatotic benefits. However, research on the effect of eriocitrin against IR-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in AKI is limited. Methods In this study, an OGD/R of HK-2 cell in vitro and rat model of AKI in vivo were constructed. Then the cell or rats were treated with eriocitrin at different doses (60, 30, 10 mg/kg). The levels of apoptotic were detected by flow cytometry. Inflammatory and oxidative stress factors in supernatant in vitro and tissue in vivo. Meanwhile, Western blot was used to detect the change of dual-specificity phosphatase 14 (DUSP14), Nrf2 and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). Results Eriocitrin attenuated apoptosis of the human renal tubular epithelial cell line HK-2 mediated by oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion via the repression of inflammation and oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner. Eriocitrin also enhanced the levels of dual-specificity phosphatase 14 (DUSP14) and Nrf2, and decreased NF-κB phosphorylation. Furthermore, the in vivo experiments indicated that eriocitrin dose-dependently alleviated IR-induced AKI and apoptosis in rats. By elevating DUSP14, eriocitrin promoted the expression of Nrf2 and inactivated NF-κB, thereby downregulating inflammation and oxidative stress. Moreover, inhibiting DUSP14 expression with protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) inhibitor IV reversed the kidney-protective effects of Eriocitrin. Conclusions Eriocitrin protected IR-induced AKI by attenuating oxidative stress and inflammation via elevating DUSP14, thereby providing a theoretical basis for the treatment of IR-induced AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xu
- Division of Nephrology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Kidney Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Division of Nephrology, The Affiliated Baiyun Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Liang Ma
- Division of Nephrology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Kidney Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Fu
- Division of Nephrology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Kidney Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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25
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Wang Y, Liu XJ, Chen JB, Cao JP, Li X, Sun CD. Citrus flavonoids and their antioxidant evaluation. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:3833-3854. [PMID: 33435726 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1870035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The antioxidant ability is the link and bridge connecting a variety of biological activities. Citrus flavonoids play an essential role in regulating oxidative stress and are an important source of daily intake of antioxidant supplements. Many studies have shown that citrus flavonoids promote health through antioxidation. In this review, the biosynthesis, composition and distribution of citrus flavonoids were concluded. The detection methods of antioxidant capacity of citrus flavonoids were divided into four categories: chemical, cellular, animal and clinical antioxidant capacity evaluation systems. The modeling methods, applicable scenarios, and their relative merits were compared based on these four systems. The antioxidant functions of citrus flavonoids under different evaluation systems were also discussed, especially the regulation of the Nrf2-antioxidases pathway. Some shortcomings in the current research were pointed out, and some suggestions for progress were put forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Liu
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie-Biao Chen
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Ping Cao
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xian Li
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chong-De Sun
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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26
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Xue W, Duan X, Hao Y, Liang X, Qiu G. Eriocitrin alleviates the arterial occlusion-mediated cerebral ischemic-reperfusion injury through the modulation of apoptotic proteins and immune markers in mice. Pharmacogn Mag 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_577_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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27
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Carvalho JDS, Ramadan D, de Paiva Gonçalves V, Maquera-Huacho PM, Assis RP, Lima TFO, Brunetti IL, Spolidorio DMP, Cesar T, Manthey JA, Spolidorio LC. Impact of citrus flavonoid supplementation on inflammation in lipopolysaccharide-induced periodontal disease in mice. Food Funct 2021; 12:5007-5017. [PMID: 33950049 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo03338c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In general, the consumption of flavonoid-rich foods may influence the control/dysregulation of the magnitude and duration of inflammation and oxidative stress, which are known to contribute to multiple pathologies. Information regarding the impact of citrus flavonoid dietary supplementation on periodontal disease is still scarce. Herein, we investigated whether a diet supplemented with eriocitrin and eriodictyol could alter the course of the inflammatory response associated with LPS-induced periodontal disease in mice. Sixty BALB/c mice received a standard diet or a diet supplemented with different concentrations of eriocitrin or eriodictyol. After 30 days of food supplementation, a solution containing LPS from Escherichia coli was injected into the gingival tissues three times per week for four weeks. Neutrophils, mononuclear cells and eosinophils were assessed using a severity analysis system in H&E-stained sections and modified picrosirius red. The activities of myeloperoxidase (MPO), a marker of granulocyte infiltration, and eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) were determined spectrophotometrically. The oxidative damage was determined by measuring the malondialdehyde (MDA) content and anti-oxidative activity through the assessment of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Interleukin (IL)-1β, TNF-α, and IL-10 were quantified by multiplex immunoassay. Periodontal inflammation was significantly inhibited by citrus flavonoid supplementation, including reduced flatness of the gingival epithelium and chronic and acute inflammatory cell infiltration, as well as loss of connective tissue in the gingival papillae. Both eriocitrin and eriodictyol inhibited gingival IL-1β and TNF-α and increased IL-10 secondary to periodontitis. Significant protection and decreased MPO and EPO activity were detected in the periodontal tissue of citrus flavonoid-treated animals. In comparison with the LPS group, SOD, CAT and GPx activities were increased, while the MDA content was reduced, indicating decreased oxidative damage. These results suggest that a diet supplemented with the citrus flavonoids eriocitrin or eriodictyol may aid in the prevention of periodontitis, representing a potential method to enhance local immunity and host defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhonatan de Souza Carvalho
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dania Ramadan
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vinícius de Paiva Gonçalves
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Renata Pires Assis
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tayra Ferreira Oliveira Lima
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iguatemy Lourenço Brunetti
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Thais Cesar
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - John A Manthey
- U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 2001 South Rock Road/Port Fierce, FL 34945, USA
| | - Luís Carlos Spolidorio
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Low doses of eriocitrin attenuate metabolic impairment of glucose and lipids in ongoing obesogenic diet in mice. J Nutr Sci 2020; 9:e59. [PMID: 33489104 PMCID: PMC7801930 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2020.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Eriocitrin is a citrus flavonoid with a high capacity to reduce the oxidative stress related to metabolic disorders and obesity. We assessed the effects of low doses of eriocitrin on the oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolism of glucose and lipids of high-fat diet (HFD)-fed obese mice. Fifty male C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned into five groups (n 10). The mice were fed an HFD (45 % kcal from fat, i.e. lard) for 4 weeks for obesity induction. After this period, the mice continued receiving the same HFD, but supplemented with eriocitrin at 10, 25 or 100 mg/kg body weight (bw) for an additional 4 weeks. Control groups were fed with standard diet (10 % kcal of fat, i.e. soy oil) or with HFD without eriocitrin, for eight consecutive weeks. At the end of the study, mice supplemented with eriocitrin showed lower levels of blood serum glucose and blood and liver triacylglycerols (P < 0⋅05). There was also improved levels of insulin, HOMA-IR, total-cholesterol, resistin and lipid peroxidation in the supplemented mice. It was concluded that the 25 mg dose of eriocitrin improved all the parameters studied and had positive effects on oxidative stress, systemic inflammation and metabolism of lipids and glucose in general.
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Leonardi BF, Gosmann G, Zimmer AR. Modeling Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome in Rodents. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e2000249. [PMID: 32978870 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Standardized animal models represent one of the most valuable tools available to understand the mechanism underlying the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and to seek for new therapeutic strategies. However, there is considerable variability in the studies conducted with this essential purpose. This review presents an updated discussion of the most recent studies using diverse experimental conditions to induce MetS in rodents with unbalanced diets, discusses the key findings in metabolic outcomes, and critically evaluates what we have been learned from them and how to advance in the field. The study includes scientific reports sourced from the Web of Science and PubMed databases, published between January 2013 and June 2020, which used hypercaloric diets to induce metabolic disorders, and address the impact of the diet on metabolic parameters. The collected data are used as support to discuss variables such as sex, species, and age of the animals, the most favorable type of diet, and the ideal diet length to generate metabolic changes. The experimental characteristics propose herein improve the performance of a preclinical model that resembles the human MetS and will guide researchers to investigate new therapeutic alternatives with confidence and higher translational validity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca F Leonardi
- Phytochemistry and Organic Synthesis Laboratory, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 2752 Ipiranga avenue, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Grace Gosmann
- Phytochemistry and Organic Synthesis Laboratory, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 2752 Ipiranga avenue, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Aline R Zimmer
- Phytochemistry and Organic Synthesis Laboratory, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 2752 Ipiranga avenue, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil
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30
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He YJ, Zhu M, Zhou Y, Zhao KH, Zhou JL, Qi ZH, Zhu YY, Wang ZJ, Xie TZ, Tang Q, Wang YF, Luo XD. Comparative investigation of phytochemicals among ten citrus herbs by ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and evaluation of their antioxidant properties. J Sep Sci 2020; 43:3349-3358. [PMID: 32506783 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The citrus herbs have proved their important medicinal and nutritional values as medicine-food dual-purpose herbs, functional foods, or medical herbs in China. In this study, phytochemicals and antioxidant activity among ten typical citrus herbs (ethanol extracts) were investigated comprehensively. The major ingredients and their contents were analyzed by high-resolution mass spectrometry, and the differences of typical fragment ions between flavanone-7-O-rutinoside(s) and flavanone-7-O-neohesperidoside(s) were discriminated properly in negative electrospray ionization mode. Total polyphenols, total flavonoids, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), and ferric reducing antioxidant power tests were performed, which indicated their beneficial values and antioxidant effects. The medicine-food dual-purpose herbs including Chenpi, Juluo, Daidaihua, Huajuhong, Xiangyuan, and Foshou exhibited antioxidant capacities significantly by decreasing intracellular reactive oxygen species intensity (P < 0.01), enhancing superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities (P < 0.01) in H2 O2 -induced RIN-m5F cells. Moreover, the functional foods Zhishi, Zhiqiao, and Qingpi showed moderate antioxidant bioactivity, while the medical herb Juhe showed weak antioxidant bioactivity, which were consistent with the multivariate analysis of their major flavonoids. The study provided a new sight for the chemical differentiation and practical application of citrus herbs as medicine-food dual-purpose herbs, functional foods, or medical herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jie He
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Meng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Kang-Hong Zhao
- Horticulture College, Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Li Zhou
- Horticulture College, Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Heng Qi
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Yan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Zhao-Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Tian-Zhen Xie
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Qi Tang
- Horticulture College, Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Fen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Dong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, P. R. China
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31
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Liu JL, Kong YC, Miao JY, Mei XY, Wu SY, Yan YC, Cao XY. Spectroscopy and molecular docking analysis reveal structural specificity of flavonoids in the inhibition of α-glucosidase activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 152:981-989. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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32
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Caruso M, Fabroni S, Emma R, Ballistreri G, Amenta M, Currenti W, Rinzivillo C, Rapisarda P. A new standardized phytoextract from red orange and lemon wastes (red orange and lemon extract) reduces basophil degranulation and activation. Nat Prod Res 2020; 35:5354-5359. [PMID: 32370569 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1761355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Citrus fruits are rich sources of bioactive compounds and their consumption is associated to health-promoting effects. Citrus processing wastes contain bioflavonoids and other high added value compounds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antiallergic properties of a new phytoextract obtained by citrus wastes and peels. Blood orange and lemon processing wastes were used to produce a Red orange and Lemon Extract (RLE). Blood samples from 30 allergic donors were collected and used to evaluate the basophil activation (CD203c) and degranulation (CD63) by stimulation trough allergen with and without the RLE. Reduced basophil expression of CD203c and CD63 were observed in RLE + Allergen treated samples, with -20.21% of CD203c expression (p < 0.0001) and -54.11% of CD63 expression (p < 0.0001), compared to Allergen treated samples. The RLE evidenced a good antiallergic activity, mainly acting on basophils degranulation, and therefore reducing the key event of pro-inflammatory mediators release after allergic stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Caruso
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology (BIOMETEC), University of Catania, Catania, Italy.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (MEDCLIN), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Simona Fabroni
- Research Centre for Olive, Citrus and Tree Fruit, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Acireale, Italy
| | - Rosalia Emma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology (BIOMETEC), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Gabriele Ballistreri
- Research Centre for Olive, Citrus and Tree Fruit, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Acireale, Italy
| | - Margherita Amenta
- Research Centre for Olive, Citrus and Tree Fruit, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Acireale, Italy
| | - Walter Currenti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology (BIOMETEC), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Calogero Rinzivillo
- Clinical Nutrition & Integrated Supportive Therapy-Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences & Advanced Technology, Hospital University "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", Catania, Italy
| | - Paolo Rapisarda
- Research Centre for Olive, Citrus and Tree Fruit, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Acireale, Italy
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33
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Omidi G, Rezvani-Kamran A, Ganji A, Komaki S, Etaee F, Asadbegi M, Komaki A. Effects of Hypericum scabrum extract on dentate gyrus synaptic plasticity in high fat diet-fed rats. J Physiol Sci 2020; 70:19. [PMID: 32209056 PMCID: PMC7093352 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-020-00747-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD) can induce deficits in neural function, oxidative stress, and decrease hippocampal neurogenesis. Hypericum (H.) scabrum extract (Ext) contains compounds that could treat neurological disorders. This study aimed to examine the neuroprotective impacts of the H. scabrum Ext on hippocampal synaptic plasticity in rats that were fed HFD. Fifty-four male Wistar rats (220 ± 10 g) were randomly arranged in six groups: (1) HFD group; (2) HFD + Ext300 group; (3) HFD + Ext100 group; (4) Control group; (5) Ext 300 mg/kg group; (6) Ext 100 mg/kg group. These protocols were administrated for 3 months. After this stage, a stimulating electrode was implanted in the perforant pathway (PP), and a bipolar recording electrode was embedded into the dentate gyrus (DG). Long-term potentiation (LTP) was provoked by high-frequency stimulation (HFS) of the PP. Field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSP) and population spikes (PS) were recorded at 5, 30, and 60 min after HFS. The HFD group exhibited a large and significant decrease in their PS amplitude and EPSP slope as compared to the control and extract groups. In reverse, H. scabrum administration in the HFD + Ext rats reversed the effect of HFD on the PS amplitude and EPSP slope. The results of the study support that H. scabrum Ext can inhibit diminished synaptic plasticity caused by the HFD. These effects are probably due to the extreme antioxidant impacts of the Ext and its capability to scavenge free radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazaleh Omidi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Arezoo Rezvani-Kamran
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ganji
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Somayeh Komaki
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Farshid Etaee
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Rahe Sabz Addiction Rehabilitation Clinic, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Asadbegi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Alireza Komaki
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. .,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Fahmideh Street, 65178/518, Hamadan, Iran.
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34
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Zhang Y, Ni T, Zhang D, Liu H, Wang J, Sun B. Consumption of avenanthramides extracted from oats reduces weight gain, oxidative stress, inflammation and regulates intestinal microflora in high fat diet-induced mice. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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35
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Yang X, Lin C, Cai S, Li W, Tang J, Wu X. Therapeutic effects of noni fruit water extract and polysaccharide on oxidative stress and inflammation in mice under high-fat diet. Food Funct 2020; 11:1133-1145. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01859j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to compare the therapeutic effects of noni fruit water extract (NFW) and noni fruit polysaccharide (NFP) on oxidative stress and inflammation in mice under high-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Yang
- School of Public Health
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou 510310
- China
| | - Chunrui Lin
- School of Public Health
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou 510310
- China
| | - Shuang Cai
- School of Public Health
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou 510310
- China
| | - Wenzhi Li
- Infinitus (China) Co. Ltd
- Xinhui 529156
- China
| | - Jian Tang
- Infinitus (China) Co. Ltd
- Xinhui 529156
- China
| | - Xiaoyong Wu
- School of Food Science
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Zhongshan 528453
- China
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36
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Li L, Feng R, Feng X, Chen Y, Liu X, Sun W, Zhang L. The development and validation of an HPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of eriocitrin in rat plasma and its application to a pharmacokinetic study. RSC Adv 2020; 10:10552-10558. [PMID: 35492908 PMCID: PMC9050387 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra10925k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Eriocitrin is one of the major active constituents of lemon fruit, and it possesses strong antioxidant, lipid-lowering, anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities and has long been used in food, beverages and wine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luya Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
- School of Pharmacy
- Hebei Medical University
- Shijiazhuang 050017
- P.R. China
| | - Rui Feng
- Department of Pharmacy
- The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University
- Shijiazhuang 050011
- P.R. China
| | - Xue Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
- School of Pharmacy
- Hebei Medical University
- Shijiazhuang 050017
- P.R. China
| | - Yuting Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
- School of Pharmacy
- Hebei Medical University
- Shijiazhuang 050017
- P.R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
- School of Pharmacy
- Hebei Medical University
- Shijiazhuang 050017
- P.R. China
| | - Wenjing Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
- School of Pharmacy
- Hebei Medical University
- Shijiazhuang 050017
- P.R. China
| | - Lantong Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
- School of Pharmacy
- Hebei Medical University
- Shijiazhuang 050017
- P.R. China
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37
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Xiong H, Wang J, Ran Q, Lou G, Peng C, Gan Q, Hu J, Sun J, Yao R, Huang Q. Hesperidin: A Therapeutic Agent For Obesity. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2019; 13:3855-3866. [PMID: 32009777 PMCID: PMC6859214 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s227499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease caused by multiple factors and is considered to be a risk factor for type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, stroke and various cancers. Hesperidin, a flavanone glycoside, is a natural phenolic compound with a wide range of biological effects. Mounting evidence has demonstrated that hesperidin possesses inhibitory effect against obesity diseases. Our review discusses mechanisms of hesperidin in the treatment of obesity. Hesperidin regulates lipid metabolism and glucose metabolism by mediating AMPK and PPAR signaling pathways, directly regulates antioxidant index and anti-apoptosis, and indirectly mediates NF-κB signaling pathway to regulate inflammation to play a role in the treatment of obesity. In addition, hesperidin-enriched dietary supplements can significantly improve symptoms such as postprandial hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. Further clinical trials are also required for confirming lipid-lowering efficacy of this natural flavonoid and evaluating its safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Xiong
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Ran
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanhua Lou
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengyi Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingxia Gan
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Ju Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Jilin Sun
- Sichuan Fuzheng Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Renchuan Yao
- Sichuan Fermentation Traditional Chinese Medicine Engineering Research Center, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinwan Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, People's Republic of China
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38
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Jack BU, Malherbe CJ, Mamushi M, Muller CJF, Joubert E, Louw J, Pheiffer C. Adipose tissue as a possible therapeutic target for polyphenols: A case for Cyclopia extracts as anti-obesity nutraceuticals. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 120:109439. [PMID: 31590126 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a significant contributor to increased morbidity and premature mortality due to increasing the risk of many chronic metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and certain types of cancer. Lifestyle modifications such as energy restriction and increased physical activity are highly effective first-line treatment strategies used in the management of obesity. However, adherence to these behavioral changes is poor, with an increased reliance on synthetic drugs, which unfortunately are plagued by adverse effects. The identification of new and safer anti-obesity agents is thus of significant interest. In recent years, plants and their phenolic constituents have attracted increased attention due to their health-promoting properties. Amongst these, Cyclopia, an endemic South African plant commonly consumed as a herbal tea (honeybush), has been shown to possess modulating properties against oxidative stress, hyperglycemia, and obesity. Likewise, several studies have reported that some of the major phenolic compounds present in Cyclopia spp. exhibit anti-obesity effects, particularly by targeting adipose tissue. These phenolic compounds belong to the xanthone, flavonoid and benzophenone classes. The aim of this review is to assess the potential of Cyclopia extracts as an anti-obesity nutraceutical as underpinned by in vitro and in vivo studies and the underlying cellular mechanisms and biological pathways regulated by their phenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babalwa U Jack
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa.
| | - Christiaan J Malherbe
- Plant Bioactives Group, Post-Harvest and Agro-processing Technologies, Agricultural Research Council, Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Mokadi Mamushi
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa; Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Christo J F Muller
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa; Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, Kwa-Dlangezwa, South Africa
| | - Elizabeth Joubert
- Plant Bioactives Group, Post-Harvest and Agro-processing Technologies, Agricultural Research Council, Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Department of Food Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Johan Louw
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, Kwa-Dlangezwa, South Africa
| | - Carmen Pheiffer
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa; Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
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Pla-Pagà L, Companys J, Calderón-Pérez L, Llauradó E, Solà R, Valls RM, Pedret A. Effects of hesperidin consumption on cardiovascular risk biomarkers: a systematic review of animal studies and human randomized clinical trials. Nutr Rev 2019; 77:845-864. [DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuz036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Context
The cardioprotective effects of the flavonoid hesperidin, which is present in citrus products, are controversial and unclear. This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2015 guidelines.
Objective
To evaluate the current evidence from animal and human clinical studies and thus determine whether the consumption of hesperidin exerts beneficial effects on cardiovascular risk factors.
Data sources
PICOS (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, and Study Design) criteria defined the research question. Searches of the PubMed and Cochrane Plus databases were conducted and studies that met the inclusion criteria and were published in English in the last 15 years were included.
Data extraction
The first author, year of publication, study design, characteristics of animals and humans, intervention groups, dose of hesperidin, route of administration, duration of the intervention, cardiovascular risk biomarkers assessed, and results observed were extracted from the included articles.
Results
A total of 12 animal studies and 11 randomized clinical trials met the inclusion criteria. In the animal studies, the glucose, total and LDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels decreased with chronic flavonoid consumption. In the human studies, endothelial function improved with flavonoid consumption, whereas no conclusive results were observed for the other biomarkers.
Conclusions
Animal studies have revealed that hesperidin and hesperetin consumption reduces glucose levels and various lipid profile parameters. However, a definitive conclusion cannot be drawn from the existing human clinical trials. Further research is needed to confirm whether the findings observed in animal models can also be observed in humans.
Systematic Review Registration
Prospero registration number CRD42018088942.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Pla-Pagà
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Reus, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation and Cardiovascular Disease Group (NFOC-SALUT), Reus, Spain
- Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Reus, Spain
| | - J Companys
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Reus, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation and Cardiovascular Disease Group (NFOC-SALUT), Reus, Spain
| | - L Calderón-Pérez
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Reus, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation and Cardiovascular Disease Group (NFOC-SALUT), Reus, Spain
| | - E Llauradó
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Reus, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation and Cardiovascular Disease Group (NFOC-SALUT), Reus, Spain
| | - R Solà
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Reus, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation and Cardiovascular Disease Group (NFOC-SALUT), Reus, Spain
- Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Reus, Spain
| | - R M Valls
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Reus, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation and Cardiovascular Disease Group (NFOC-SALUT), Reus, Spain
| | - A Pedret
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Reus, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation and Cardiovascular Disease Group (NFOC-SALUT), Reus, Spain
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40
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Ribeiro CB, Ramos FM, Manthey JA, Cesar TB. Effectiveness of Eriomin® in managing hyperglycemia and reversal of prediabetes condition: A double-blind, randomized, controlled study. Phytother Res 2019; 33:1921-1933. [PMID: 31183921 PMCID: PMC6618084 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the potential effectiveness of different doses of Eriomin® on hyperglycemia and insulin resistance associated with other metabolic biomarkers in prediabetic individuals. Prediabetes patients (n = 103, 49 ± 10 years) were randomly divided into four parallel groups: (a) Placebo; (b) Eriomin 200 mg; (c) Eriomin 400 mg; and (d) Eriomin 800 mg. Assessment of biochemical, metabolic, inflammatory, hepatic, renal, anthropometric markers, blood pressure, and dietary parameters were performed during 12 weeks of intervention. Treatment with all doses of Eriomin (200, 400, and 800 mg) had similar effects and altered significantly the following variables: blood glucose (−5%), insulin resistance (−7%), glucose intolerance (−7%), glycated hemoglobin (−2%), glucagon (−6.5%), C‐peptide (−5%), hsCRP (−12%), interleukin‐6 (−13%), TNFα (−11%), lipid peroxidation (−17%), systolic blood pressure (−8%), GLP‐1 (+15%), adiponectin (+19%), and antioxidant capacity (+6%). Eriomin or placebo did not influence the anthropometric and dietary variables. Short‐term intervention with Eriomin, at doses of 200, 400, or 800 mg/day, benefited glycemic control, reduced systemic inflammation and oxidative stress, and reversed the prediabetic condition in 24% of the evaluated patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina B Ribeiro
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sao Paulo State University-UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda M Ramos
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sao Paulo State University-UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - John A Manthey
- U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Port Fierce, Florida
| | - Thais B Cesar
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sao Paulo State University-UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
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Eriocitrin in combination with resveratrol ameliorates LPS-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 cells and relieves TPA-induced mouse ear edema. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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42
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Long GL, Hao WX, Bao LF, Li JH, Zhang Y, Li GH. Effects of dietary inclusion levels of palm oil on growth performance, antioxidative status and serum cytokines of broiler chickens. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2019; 103:1116-1124. [PMID: 31025777 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary palm oil inclusion levels on growth performance, serum antioxidative status and cytokines in Sanhuang broiler chickens. A total of 208 one-day-old female Sanhuang chickens were randomly allocated to four treatment groups with four replicates per group and of 13 birds each for a 42-day feeding trial. Dietary treatments were basal diet without palm oil (control) and diets containing 2%, 4% or 6% palm oil. During days 22 to 42 and the overall experimental period, chickens fed diets supplemented with 4% and 6% palm oil had a lower average daily feed intake (ADFI) (p = 0.019) and feed to gain ratio (F/G) (p = 0.031). Average daily gain (ADG) tended to be higher (p = 0.089) for palm oil inclusion treatments compared with the control treatment from days 1 to 42. Dietary 2% and 4% palm oil treatments significantly lowed serum malondialdehyde concentration on day 21 when compared to the control and 6% palm oil treatments (p = 0.027). Dietary 6% palm oil treatment significantly reduced the catalase (CAT) activity (p = 0.018) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) (p = 0.027) in serum in comparison with the control treatment on day 21. No significant differences were observed in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities in serum among dietary treatments on day 21. There were no significant differences in T-AOC, CAT, SOD and GSH-Px activities among dietary treatments on day 42. Dietary inclusion of 4% and 6% palm oil significantly increased (p = 0.01) serum interleukin-1β (IL-1β) content, but improved transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) content in serum on both days 21 and 42 (p = 0.032 and 0.022 respectively) as well as IL-10 content on day 42 (p = 0.022) when compared with the control treatment. Furthermore, dietary inclusion of 6% palm oil significantly reduced tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) content on days 21 and 42 (p = 0.021 and 0.001 respectively) compared with the control treatment. These results suggest that dietary inclusion of 4% and 6% palm oil could improve the growth performance, modulate the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and show limited effect on antioxidative status in Sanhuang broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Lian Long
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wen-Xue Hao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Long-Fei Bao
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jun-Hui Li
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Guan-Hong Li
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
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Effects of lifelong intake of lemon polyphenols on aging and intestinal microbiome in the senescence-accelerated mouse prone 1 (SAMP1). Sci Rep 2019; 9:3671. [PMID: 30842523 PMCID: PMC6403313 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40253-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols have been examined for their beneficial effects on health, particularly in rodents, but their lifelong effects are unclear. Lemons (Citrus limon), containing lemon polyphenols (LPP), are widely consumed but the effects of LPP on aging are unknown. Therefore, we examined the effects of LPP on aging such as aging-related scores, locomotor activity, cognitive functions, and intestinal microbiome using senescence-accelerated mouse prone 1 (SAMP1) and senescence-accelerated resistant mouse 1 (SAMR1). All mice had ad libitum access to water (P1_water group, SAMR1) or 0.1% LPP (P1_LPP group). In the P1_LPP group, LPP intake prolonged the lifespan by approximately 3 weeks and delayed increases in aging-related scores (e.g., periophthalmic lesions) and locomotor atrophy. The P1_water group showed large changes in the intestinal microbiome structure, while the R1 and P1_LPP groups did not. The phylum Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes, which is associated with obesity, in the P1_water group was significantly lower and higher than that in the P1_LPP and R1 groups, respectively. Although the relative abundance of Lactobacillus significantly increased in both P1 groups with aging, the P1_LPP group showed a significantly lower increase than the P1_water group. Thus, lifelong intake of LPP may have anti-aging effects on both phenotypes and the intestinal environment.
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Wu S, Li X, Meng S, Fung T, Chan AT, Liang G, Giovannucci E, De Vivo I, Lee JH, Nan H. Fruit and vegetable consumption, cigarette smoke, and leukocyte mitochondrial DNA copy number. Am J Clin Nutr 2019; 109:424-432. [PMID: 30721920 PMCID: PMC6367969 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqy286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mitochondrial dysfunction is an important component of the aging process and has been implicated in the development of many human diseases. Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn), an indirect biomarker of mitochondrial function, is sensitive to oxidative damage. Few population-based studies have investigated the impact of fruit and vegetable consumption and cigarette smoke (2 major sources of exogenous antioxidants and oxidants) on leukocyte mtDNAcn. Objectives We investigated the association between fruit and vegetable consumption, cigarette smoke, and leukocyte mtDNAcn based on data from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS). Methods Data from 2769 disease-free women in the NHS were used to examine the cross-sectional associations between dietary sources of antioxidants, cigarette smoke, and leukocyte mtDNAcn. In vitro cell-based experiments were conducted to support the findings from the population-based study. Results In the multivariable-adjusted model, both whole-fruit consumption and intake of flavanones (a group of antioxidants abundant in fruit) were positively associated with leukocyte mtDNAcn (P-trend = 0.005 and 0.02, respectively), whereas pack-years of smoking and smoking duration were inversely associated with leukocyte mtDNAcn (P-trend = 0.01 and 0.007, respectively). These findings are supported by in vitro cell-based experiments showing that the administration of naringin, a major flavanone in fruit, led to a substantial increase in mtDNAcn in human leukocytes, whereas exposure to nicotine-derived nitrosamine ketone, a key carcinogenic ingredient of cigarette smoke, resulted in a significant decrease in mtDNAcn of cells (all P < 0.05). Further in vitro studies showed that alterations in leukocyte mtDNAcn were functionally linked to the modulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and function. Conclusions Fruit consumption and intake of dietary flavanones were associated with increased leukocyte mtDNAcn, whereas cigarette smoking was associated with decreased leukocyte mtDNAcn, which is a promising biomarker for oxidative stress-related health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaowei Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN
| | | | - Teresa Fung
- Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Department of Nutrition, Simmons College, Boston, MA
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Geyu Liang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Departments of Epidemiology
- Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Immaculata De Vivo
- Departments of Epidemiology
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jin Hyup Lee
- Department of Food and Biotechnology
- Institutes of Natural Sciences, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongmei Nan
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN
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Aydeniz Güneşer B, Yilmaz E. Comparing the effects of conventional and microwave roasting methods for bioactive composition and the sensory quality of cold-pressed orange seed oil. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2019; 56:634-642. [PMID: 30906021 PMCID: PMC6400776 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-018-3518-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to report the composition of bioactives and volatile aromatic compounds, and determine the descriptive sensory properties of cold-pressed orange seed oil. The effects of oven pre-roasting and microwave pre-roasting of the seeds before cold pressing were compared. Thirteen sensory parameters were used to define the oil samples. The major bioactive components of the orange seed oils were naringin, hesperidin, and trans-ferulic acid. Flavonoids constituted the main phenolic class with 78.5% and 74.4%, followed by phenolic acids with 21.4% and 25.5% in the oven and microwave pre-roasted oil samples. The mean concentration of hesperidin and naringin varied from 903.4 to 909.6 mg/kg and from 234.3 to 299.8 mg/kg, respectively. The results showed for the first time in the literature that orange seed oil contains some volatile aromatic compounds and glycosylated flavanones that could have functional properties. Hence, cold-pressed orange seed oil could be suggested as the new potential health-promoting oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Aydeniz Güneşer
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17020 Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - E. Yilmaz
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17020 Çanakkale, Turkey
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46
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Li L, Feng X, Chen Y, Li S, Sun Y, Zhang L. A comprehensive study of eriocitrin metabolism in vivo and in vitro based on an efficient UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS strategy. RSC Adv 2019; 9:24963-24980. [PMID: 35528661 PMCID: PMC9069865 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra03037a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Eriocitrin, a main flavonoid in lemons, possesses strong antioxidant, lipid-lowering and anticancer activities and has long been used in food, beverages and wine. However, its metabolism in vivo and in vitro is still unclear. In this study, an efficient strategy was developed to detect and identify metabolites of eriocitrin by using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid triple quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS) based on online data acquisition and multiple data processing techniques. A total of 32 metabolites in vivo and 27 metabolites in vitro were obtained based on the above method. Furthermore, the main metabolic pathways of eriocitrin included reduction, hydrogenation, N-acetylation, ketone formation, oxidation, methylation, sulfate conjugation, glutamine conjugation, glycine conjugation, desaturation and demethylation to carboxylic acid. This study will lay a foundation for further studies on the metabolic mechanisms of eriocitrin. 41 metabolites of eriocitrin in vivo and in vitro was identified based on the efficient UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS strategy.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Luya Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
- School of Pharmacy
- Hebei Medical University
- Shijiazhuang 050017
- P. R. China
| | - Xue Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
- School of Pharmacy
- Hebei Medical University
- Shijiazhuang 050017
- P. R. China
| | - Yuting Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
- School of Pharmacy
- Hebei Medical University
- Shijiazhuang 050017
- P. R. China
| | - Shenghao Li
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine
- Shijiazhuang 050000
- P. R. China
| | - Yupeng Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
- School of Pharmacy
- Hebei Medical University
- Shijiazhuang 050017
- P. R. China
| | - Lantong Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
- School of Pharmacy
- Hebei Medical University
- Shijiazhuang 050017
- P. R. China
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Sansone F, Mencherini T, Picerno P, Lauro MR, Cerrato M, Aquino RP. Development of Health Products from Natural Sources. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:4606-4630. [PMID: 30259806 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180926152139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BioActive Compounds (BACs) recovered from food or food by-product matrices are useful in maintaining well being, enhancing human health, and modulating immune function to prevent or to treat chronic diseases. They are also generally seen by final consumers as safe, non-toxic and environment-friendly. Despite the complex process of production, chemical characterization, and assessment of health effects, BACs must also be manufactured in stable and bioactive ingredients to be used in pharmaceutical, food and nutraceutical industry. Generally, vegetable derivatives occur as sticky raw materials with pervasive smell and displeasing flavor. Also, they show critical water solubility and dramatic stability behavior over time, involving practical difficulties for industrial use. Therefore, the development of novel functional health products from natural sources requires the design of a suitable formulation to delivery BACs at the site of action, preserve stability during processing and storage, slow down the degradation processes, mask lousy tasting or smell, and increase the bioavailability, while maintaining the BACs functionality. The present review focuses on human health benefits, BACs composition, and innovative technologies or formulation approaches of natural ingredients from some selected foods and by-products from industrial food transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Patrizia Picerno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | | | - Michele Cerrato
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano (SA), Italy
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Old age-associated phenotypic screening for Alzheimer's disease drug candidates identifies sterubin as a potent neuroprotective compound from Yerba santa. Redox Biol 2018; 21:101089. [PMID: 30594901 PMCID: PMC6309122 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.101089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most frequent age-associated dementia with no treatments that can prevent or slow its progression. Since age is by far the major risk factor for AD, there is a strong rationale for an alternative approach to drug discovery based upon the biology of aging. Phenotypic screening assays that reflect multiple, age-associated neurotoxicity pathways rather than single molecular targets can identify compounds that have therapeutic efficacy by targeting aspects of aging that contribute to AD pathology. And, while the suitability of any single assay can be questioned, a combination of assays can make reliable predictions about the neuroprotective effects of compounds in vivo. Therefore, our lab has developed a combination of phenotypic screening assays that are ideally suited not only to identify novel neuroprotective compounds for the treatment of AD but also their target pathways, thereby potentially providing new therapeutic targets for disease treatment. Using these assays, we screened a large library of extracts from plants with identified pharmacological uses. Analysis of one of these extracts from the plant Yerba santa (Eriodictyon californicum) identified the flavanone sterubin as the active component and further studies showed it to be a potent neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory compound. Phenotypic screening of a curated library of plant extracts identifies Yerba santa. The flavonoid sterubin is the main active component of Yerba santa. Sterubin is very neuroprotective against multiple toxicities of the aging brain. Sterubin has potent anti-inflammatory activity that is dependent on Nrf2 induction. Sterubin is also an iron chelator which could enhance its neuroprotective activity.
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Kim JK, Jeong HW, Kim AY, Hong YD, Lee JH, Choi JK, Hwang JS. Green satsuma mandarin orange ( Citrus unshiu) extract reduces adiposity and induces uncoupling protein expression in skeletal muscle of obese mice. Food Sci Biotechnol 2018; 28:873-879. [PMID: 31093446 PMCID: PMC6484071 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-018-0503-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased fat mass, which is induced by the storage of excess nutrients, is considered a causal factor for various metabolic disorders, including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent hyperadiposity to sustain a healthy life. Recently, uncoupling proteins (UCPs) were suggested to be molecular targets for curing obesity and its complications. In this study, green satsuma mandarin orange (Citrus unshiu) extract (GME) increased UCP3 expression in cultured myocytes. In a diet-induced obese animal model, administration of GME reduced fat mass and average fat cell size. Similar to in vitro experiments, GME restored expression of UCP3 in skeletal muscle. Moreover, GME also induced UCP2 expression in skeletal muscle. In conclusion, GME is suggested to be a novel functional dietary supplement for adiposity control through induction of UCPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Kee Kim
- 1Department of Genetic Engineering and Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Woo Jeong
- Vital Beautie Research Division, Amorepacific R&D Center, 1920 Yonggu-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17074 Republic of Korea
| | - A Young Kim
- Vital Beautie Research Division, Amorepacific R&D Center, 1920 Yonggu-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17074 Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Deog Hong
- Vital Beautie Research Division, Amorepacific R&D Center, 1920 Yonggu-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17074 Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hae Lee
- Vital Beautie Research Division, Amorepacific R&D Center, 1920 Yonggu-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17074 Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Kyu Choi
- QA Team, Aestura Corporation, Gongdan1-ro 36, Ansung-si, Gyeonggi-do 17575 Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sung Hwang
- 1Department of Genetic Engineering and Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104 Republic of Korea
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50
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Xie Y, Ji R, Han M. Eriodictyol protects H9c2 cardiomyocytes against the injury induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation by improving the dysfunction of mitochondria. Exp Ther Med 2018; 17:551-557. [PMID: 30651835 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, while myocardial ischemia and timely reperfusion contribute to myocardial injury. The mitochondria are involved in the injury and mediate the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. In order to develop novel therapeutic approaches for myocardial infarction, the present study evaluated the myocardial protective effects of eriodictyol and investigated relevant mechanisms in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. As a result, eriodictyol was observed to improve the H9c2 cardiomyocyte viability and block the leakage of cytosolic lactate dehydrogenase under hypoxia/reoxygenation. In addition, the dysfunction of mitochondria induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation was ameliorated by eriodictyol through suppressing the overload of intracellular Ca2+, preventing overproduction of reactive oxygen species, blocking mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening, increasing mitochondrial membrane potential level and decreasing ATP depletion. Finally, the apoptosis of H9c2 cardiomyocyte induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation was prevented by eriodictyol through upregulation of the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and downregulation of the expression levels of Bcl-2-associated X protein and caspase-3. These results provided evidence for further investigation on myocardial protection and the treatment of myocardial infarction using eriodictyol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Xie
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Wuhan Women and Children Medical Care Center, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, P.R. China
| | - Rongwei Ji
- Department of Pathology, Xi'an XD Group Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710077, P.R. China
| | - Minghui Han
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Qingdao Economic and Technological Development Zone, Qingdao, Shandong 266555, P.R. China
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