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Evans AD, Pournoori N, Saksala E, Oommen OP. Glycosaminoglycans' for brain health: Harnessing glycosaminoglycan based biomaterials for treating central nervous system diseases and in-vitro modeling. Biomaterials 2024; 309:122629. [PMID: 38797120 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Dysfunction of the central nervous system (CNS) following traumatic brain injuries (TBI), spinal cord injuries (SCI), or strokes remains challenging to address using existing medications and cell-based therapies. Although therapeutic cell administration, such as stem cells and neuronal progenitor cells (NPCs), have shown promise in regenerative properties, they have failed to provide substantial benefits. However, the development of living cortical tissue engineered grafts, created by encapsulating these cells within an extracellular matrix (ECM) mimetic hydrogel scaffold, presents a promising functional replacement for damaged cortex in cases of stroke, SCI, and TBI. These grafts facilitate neural network repair and regeneration following CNS injuries. Given that natural glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are a major constituent of the CNS, GAG-based hydrogels hold potential for the next generation of CNS healing therapies and in vitro modeling of CNS diseases. Brain-specific GAGs not only offer structural and biochemical signaling support to encapsulated neural cells but also modulate the inflammatory response in lesioned brain tissue, facilitating host integration and regeneration. This review briefly discusses different roles of GAGs and their related proteoglycan counterparts in healthy and diseases brain and explores current trends and advancements in GAG-based biomaterials for treating CNS injuries and modeling diseases. Additionally, it examines injectable, 3D bioprintable, and conductive GAG-based scaffolds, highlighting their clinical potential for in vitro modeling of patient-specific neural dysfunction and their ability to enhance CNS regeneration and repair following CNS injury in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin D Evans
- Bioengineering and Nanomedicine Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technologies, Tampere University, 33720, Tampere, Finland
| | - Negin Pournoori
- Bioengineering and Nanomedicine Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technologies, Tampere University, 33720, Tampere, Finland
| | - Emmi Saksala
- Bioengineering and Nanomedicine Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technologies, Tampere University, 33720, Tampere, Finland
| | - Oommen P Oommen
- Bioengineering and Nanomedicine Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technologies, Tampere University, 33720, Tampere, Finland; School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3NB, UK.
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2
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Gagneja S, Capalash N, Sharma P. Hyaluronic acid as a tumor progression agent and a potential chemotherapeutic biomolecule against cancer: A review on its dual role. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 275:133744. [PMID: 38986990 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid is a major constituent of the extracellular matrix of vertebrate tissue that provides mechanical support to cells and acts as a mediator in regulation of necessary biochemical process essential for maintenance of tissue homeostasis. The variation in quantity of hyaluronic acid content in tissues is often associated with different pathological conditions. It is associated with tumor aggression and progression as it plays crucial role in regulating different aspects of tumorigenesis and several defined hallmarks of cancer. It assists in tumor progression by undergoing extracellular remodeling to establish tumor microenvironment which restricts the delivery of cytotoxic drugs to neoplastic cells due to increase in interstitial pressure. Hyaluronic acid catabolic and anabolic genes and low-molecular weight hyaluronic acid play significant role in the establishing tumor microenvironment by assisting in cell proliferation, metastasis and invasion. On the other hand, it is also used as an effective drug-delivery platform in cancer therapies as its biocompatibility and biodegradability lower the toxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs and increase drug retention. High-molecular weight hyaluronic acid-bioconjugates specifically bind with hyaladherins, facilitating targeted drug delivery and also exert anti-inflammatory properties. This review also highlights the market and patent trends in the development of effective chemotherapeutic hyaluronic acid formulations and the current scenario regarding clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simran Gagneja
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Neena Capalash
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Prince Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
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3
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Whitewolf J, Highley CB. Conformal encapsulation of mammalian stem cells using modified hyaluronic acid. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:7122-7134. [PMID: 38946474 PMCID: PMC11268093 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00223g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Micro- and nanoencapsulation of cells has been studied as a strategy to protect cells from environmental stress and promote survival during delivery. Hydrogels used in encapsulation can be modified to influence cell behaviors and direct assembly in their surroundings. Here, we report a system that conformally encapsulated stem cells using hyaluronic acid (HA). We successfully modified HA with lipid, thiol, and maleimide pendant groups to facilitate a hydrogel system in which HA was deposited onto cell plasma membranes and subsequently crosslinked through thiol-maleimide click chemistry. We demonstrated conformal encapsulation of both neural stem cells (NSCs) and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), with viability of both cell types greater than 90% after encapsulation. Additional material could be added to the conformal hydrogel through alternating addition of thiol-modified and maleimide-modified HA in a layering process. After encapsulation, we tracked egress and viability of the cells over days and observed differential responses of cell types to conformal hydrogels both according to cell type and the amount of material deposited on the cell surfaces. Through the design of the conformal hydrogels, we showed that multicellular assembly could be created in suspension and that encapsulated cells could be immobilized on surfaces. In conjunction with photolithography, conformal hydrogels enabled rapid assembly of encapsulated cells on hydrogel substrates with resolution at the scale of 100 μm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Whitewolf
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA.
| | - Christopher B Highley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
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Galindo AN, Frey Rubio DA, Hettiaratchi MH. Biomaterial strategies for regulating the neuroinflammatory response. MATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 5:4025-4054. [PMID: 38774837 PMCID: PMC11103561 DOI: 10.1039/d3ma00736g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Injury and disease in the central nervous system (CNS) can result in a dysregulated inflammatory environment that inhibits the repair of functional tissue. Biomaterials present a promising approach to tackle this complex inhibitory environment and modulate the mechanisms involved in neuroinflammation to halt the progression of secondary injury and promote the repair of functional tissue. In this review, we will cover recent advances in biomaterial strategies, including nanoparticles, hydrogels, implantable scaffolds, and neural probe coatings, that have been used to modulate the innate immune response to injury and disease within the CNS. The stages of inflammation following CNS injury and the main inflammatory contributors involved in common neurodegenerative diseases will be discussed, as understanding the inflammatory response to injury and disease is critical for identifying therapeutic targets and designing effective biomaterial-based treatment strategies. Biomaterials and novel composites will then be discussed with an emphasis on strategies that deliver immunomodulatory agents or utilize cell-material interactions to modulate inflammation and promote functional tissue repair. We will explore the application of these biomaterial-based strategies in the context of nanoparticle- and hydrogel-mediated delivery of small molecule drugs and therapeutic proteins to inflamed nervous tissue, implantation of hydrogels and scaffolds to modulate immune cell behavior and guide axon elongation, and neural probe coatings to mitigate glial scarring and enhance signaling at the tissue-device interface. Finally, we will present a future outlook on the growing role of biomaterial-based strategies for immunomodulation in regenerative medicine and neuroengineering applications in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alycia N Galindo
- Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon Eugene OR USA
| | - David A Frey Rubio
- Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon Eugene OR USA
| | - Marian H Hettiaratchi
- Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon Eugene OR USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon Eugene OR USA
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5
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Fischer G, Bättig L, Stienen MN, Curt A, Fehlings MG, Hejrati N. Advancements in neuroregenerative and neuroprotective therapies for traumatic spinal cord injury. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1372920. [PMID: 38812974 PMCID: PMC11133582 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1372920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Traumatic spinal cord injuries (SCIs) continue to be a major healthcare concern, with a rising prevalence worldwide. In response to this growing medical challenge, considerable scientific attention has been devoted to developing neuroprotective and neuroregenerative strategies aimed at improving the prognosis and quality of life for individuals with SCIs. This comprehensive review aims to provide an up-to-date and thorough overview of the latest neuroregenerative and neuroprotective therapies currently under investigation. These strategies encompass a multifaceted approach that include neuropharmacological interventions, cell-based therapies, and other promising strategies such as biomaterial scaffolds and neuro-modulation therapies. In addition, the review discusses the importance of acute clinical management, including the role of hemodynamic management as well as timing and technical aspects of surgery as key factors mitigating the secondary injury following SCI. In conclusion, this review underscores the ongoing scientific efforts to enhance patient outcomes and quality of life, focusing on upcoming strategies for the management of traumatic SCI. Each section provides a working knowledge of the fundamental preclinical and patient trials relevant to clinicians while underscoring the pathophysiologic rationale for the therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Fischer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cantonal Hospital St.Gallen, Medical School of St.Gallen, St.Gallen, Switzerland
- Spine Center of Eastern Switzerland, Cantonal Hospital St.Gallen, Medical School of St.Gallen, St.Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Linda Bättig
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cantonal Hospital St.Gallen, Medical School of St.Gallen, St.Gallen, Switzerland
- Spine Center of Eastern Switzerland, Cantonal Hospital St.Gallen, Medical School of St.Gallen, St.Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Martin N. Stienen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cantonal Hospital St.Gallen, Medical School of St.Gallen, St.Gallen, Switzerland
- Spine Center of Eastern Switzerland, Cantonal Hospital St.Gallen, Medical School of St.Gallen, St.Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Armin Curt
- Spinal Cord Injury Center, University Hospital Balgrist, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael G. Fehlings
- Division of Neurosurgery and Spine Program, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Genetics and Development, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nader Hejrati
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cantonal Hospital St.Gallen, Medical School of St.Gallen, St.Gallen, Switzerland
- Spine Center of Eastern Switzerland, Cantonal Hospital St.Gallen, Medical School of St.Gallen, St.Gallen, Switzerland
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Sunakawa Y, Kondo M, Yamamoto Y, Inomata T, Inoue Y, Mori D, Mizuno T. Design of Cell-Adhesive Shellac Derivatives and Endowment of Photoswitchable Cell-Adhesion Properties. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:5493-5501. [PMID: 37978057 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of new biodegradable cell-adhesion materials is an attractive topic in biomaterial chemistry, particularly for the development of cell incubation scaffolds and drug encapsulation materials used in in situ regenerative therapy. Shellac is a natural resin with unique film-forming properties and high miscibility with various chemicals, in addition to being biodegradable and nontoxic to biological systems. However, since native shellac does not adhere to mammalian cells, there have been no reports of using shellac to develop cell-adhesive biomaterials. In this study, we report on the development of cell-adhesive shellac derivatives through slight chemical modification. Shellac is a mixture of oligoesters that consists of hydroxyl fatty acids and resin acids, and therefore, all oligomers have one carboxylic acid group at the terminal. We discovered that a simple modification of hydrophobic chemical groups, particularly those containing aromatic groups in the ester form, could dramatically improve cell-adhesion properties for mammalian cells. Furthermore, by using photocleavable esters containing aromatic groups, we successfully endowed photoswitchable properties in cell adhesion. Given that shellac is a low-cost, biodegradable, and nontoxic natural resin, the modified shellacs have the potential to become new and attractive biomaterials applicable to in situ regenerative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurino Sunakawa
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
| | - Mai Kondo
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
| | - Yasushi Yamamoto
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Inomata
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
| | - Yasumichi Inoue
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Daisuke Mori
- Gifu Shellac Manufacturing Co., Ltd., 1-41, Higashiuzura, Gifu-shi, Gifu 500-8618, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Mizuno
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
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7
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Pereira I, Lopez-Martinez MJ, Samitier J. Advances in current in vitro models on neurodegenerative diseases. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1260397. [PMID: 38026882 PMCID: PMC10658011 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1260397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Many neurodegenerative diseases are identified but their causes and cure are far from being well-known. The problem resides in the complexity of the neural tissue and its location which hinders its easy evaluation. Although necessary in the drug discovery process, in vivo animal models need to be reduced and show relevant differences with the human tissues that guide scientists to inquire about other possible options which lead to in vitro models being explored. From organoids to organ-on-a-chips, 3D models are considered the cutting-edge technology in cell culture. Cell choice is a big parameter to take into consideration when planning an in vitro model and cells capable of mimicking both healthy and diseased tissue, such as induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC), are recognized as good candidates. Hence, we present a critical review of the latest models used to study neurodegenerative disease, how these models have evolved introducing microfluidics platforms, 3D cell cultures, and the use of induced pluripotent cells to better mimic the neural tissue environment in pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Pereira
- Nanobioengineering Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria J. Lopez-Martinez
- Nanobioengineering Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red: Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Samitier
- Nanobioengineering Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red: Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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8
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Karam J, Singer BJ, Miwa H, Chen LH, Maran K, Hasani M, Garza S, Onyekwere B, Yeh HC, Li S, Carlo DD, Seidlits SK. Molecular weight of hyaluronic acid crosslinked into biomaterial scaffolds affects angiogenic potential. Acta Biomater 2023; 169:228-242. [PMID: 37572983 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
While hyaluronic acid (HA)-based hydrogels have been used clinically for decades, the mechanisms by which HA exerts molecular weight-dependent bioactivity and how chemical modification and crosslinking may affect molecular weight-dependent bioactivity remain poorly understood. This knowledge gap presents a significant barrier to designing HA hydrogels with predictable bioactivities. As HA has been widely reported to have molecular weight-dependent effects on endothelial cells (ECs), we investigated how the molecular weight of HA in either soluble or crosslinked forms affects angiogenesis and interrogated CD44 clustering on the surface of endothelial cells as a candidate mechanism for these affects. Using soluble HA, our results show high molecular weight (HMW) HA, but not low molecular weight (LMW) HA, increased viability and tube formation in cultured human cerebral microvascular ECs (HCMVECs). No size of HA affected proliferation. When HCMVECs were cultured with crosslinked HA of varying molecular weights in the form of HA-based microporous annealed particle scaffold (HMAPS), the cell response was comparable to when cultured with soluble HA. Similarly, when implanted subcutaneously, HMAPS with HMW HA were more vascularized than those with LMW HA. We also show that antibody-mediated CD44 clustering resulted in HCMVECs with increased viability and tube-like structure formation in a manner comparable to exposure to HMW HA, suggesting that HMW acts through CD44 clustering. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Biomaterials based on hyaluronic acid (HA), a bioactive extracellular matrix polysaccharide, have been used in clinical products for several years. Despite the knowledge that HA molecular weight heavily influences its bioactivity, molecular weight has been largely ignored in the development of HA-based biomaterials. Given the high viscosity of high molecular weight HA typically found in native tissues, lower molecular weight polysaccharides have been used most commonly for biomaterial fabrication. By comparing the ability of injectable, microporous annealed particle scaffolds (MAPS) fabricated from variably sized HA to promote angiogenesis, this study demonstrates that MAPS with high molecular weight HA better support vascularization, likely through an unique ability to induce clustering of CD44 receptors on endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josh Karam
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Breahna J Singer
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Hiromi Miwa
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Limin H Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Kajal Maran
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Mahdi Hasani
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Sarahi Garza
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Bianca Onyekwere
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Hsin-Chih Yeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Song Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Dino Di Carlo
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Stephanie K Seidlits
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
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Tian B, Liu J, Guo S, Li A, Wan JB. Macromolecule-based hydrogels nanoarchitectonics with mesenchymal stem cells for regenerative medicine: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125161. [PMID: 37270118 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The role of regenerative medicine in clinical therapies is becoming increasingly vital. Under specific conditions, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are capable of differentiating into mesoblastema (i.e., adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteocytes) and other embryonic lineages. Their application in regenerative medicine has attracted a great deal of interest among researchers. To maximize the potential applications of MSCs, materials science could provide natural extracellular matrices and provide an effective means to understand the various mechanisms of differentiation for the growth of MSCs. Pharmaceutical fields are represented among the research on biomaterials by macromolecule-based hydrogel nanoarchitectonics. Various biomaterials have been used to prepare hydrogels with their unique chemical and physical properties to provide a controlled microenvironment for the culture of MSCs, laying the groundwork for future practical applications in regenerative medicine. This article currently describes and summarizes the sources, characteristics, and clinical trials of MSCs. In addition, it describes the differentiation of MSCs in various macromolecule-based hydrogel nanoarchitectonics and highlights the preclinical studies of MSCs-loaded hydrogel materials in regenerative medicine conducted over the past few years. Finally, the challenges and prospects of MSC-loaded hydrogels are discussed, and the future development of macromolecule-based hydrogel nanoarchitectonics is outlined by comparing the current literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingren Tian
- Institute of Medical Sciences, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China.
| | - Jiayue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao
| | - Songlin Guo
- Institute of Medical Sciences, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Aiqin Li
- Department of Day-care Unit, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Jian-Bo Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao.
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Suzuki H, Imajo Y, Funaba M, Ikeda H, Nishida N, Sakai T. Current Concepts of Biomaterial Scaffolds and Regenerative Therapy for Spinal Cord Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032528. [PMID: 36768846 PMCID: PMC9917245 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a catastrophic condition associated with significant neurological deficit and social and financial burdens. It is currently being managed symptomatically, with no real therapeutic strategies available. In recent years, a number of innovative regenerative strategies have emerged and have been continuously investigated in preclinical research and clinical trials. In the near future, several more are expected to come down the translational pipeline. Among ongoing and completed trials are those reporting the use of biomaterial scaffolds. The advancements in biomaterial technology, combined with stem cell therapy or other regenerative therapy, can now accelerate the progress of promising novel therapeutic strategies from bench to bedside. Various types of approaches to regeneration therapy for SCI have been combined with the use of supportive biomaterial scaffolds as a drug and cell delivery system to facilitate favorable cell-material interactions and the supportive effect of neuroprotection. In this review, we summarize some of the most recent insights of preclinical and clinical studies using biomaterial scaffolds in regenerative therapy for SCI and summarized the biomaterial strategies for treatment with simplified results data. One hundred and sixty-eight articles were selected in the present review, in which we focused on biomaterial scaffolds. We conducted our search of articles using PubMed and Medline, a medical database. We used a combination of "Spinal cord injury" and ["Biomaterial", or "Scaffold"] as search terms and searched articles published up until 30 April 2022. Successful future therapies will require these biomaterial scaffolds and other synergistic approaches to address the persistent barriers to regeneration, including glial scarring, the loss of a structural framework, and biocompatibility. This database could serve as a benchmark to progress in future clinical trials for SCI using biomaterial scaffolds.
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Yazdani N, Willits RK. Mimicking the neural stem cell niche: An engineer’s view of cell: material interactions. FRONTIERS IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fceng.2022.1086099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cells have attracted attention in recent years to treat neurodegeneration. There are two neurogenic regions in the brain where neural stem cells reside, one of which is called the subventricular zone (SVZ). The SVZ niche is a complicated microenvironment providing cues to regulate self-renewal and differentiation while maintaining the neural stem cell’s pool. Many scientists have spent years understanding the cellular and structural characteristics of the SVZ niche, both in homeostasis and pathological conditions. On the other hand, engineers focus primarily on designing platforms using the knowledge they acquire to understand the effect of individual factors on neural stem cell fate decisions. This review provides a general overview of what we know about the components of the SVZ niche, including the residing cells, extracellular matrix (ECM), growth factors, their interactions, and SVZ niche changes during aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, an overview will be given on the biomaterials used to mimic neurogenic niche microenvironments and the design considerations applied to add bioactivity while meeting the structural requirements. Finally, it will discuss the potential gaps in mimicking the microenvironment.
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12
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Feng C, Deng L, Yong YY, Wu JM, Qin DL, Yu L, Zhou XG, Wu AG. The Application of Biomaterials in Spinal Cord Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:816. [PMID: 36614259 PMCID: PMC9821025 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The spinal cord and the brain form the central nervous system (CNS), which is the most important part of the body. However, spinal cord injury (SCI) caused by external forces is one of the most difficult types of neurological injury to treat, resulting in reduced or even absent motor, sensory and autonomic functions. It leads to the reduction or even disappearance of motor, sensory and self-organizing nerve functions. Currently, its incidence is increasing each year worldwide. Therefore, the development of treatments for SCI is urgently needed in the clinic. To date, surgery, drug therapy, stem cell transplantation, regenerative medicine, and rehabilitation therapy have been developed for the treatment of SCI. Among them, regenerative biomaterials that use tissue engineering and bioscaffolds to transport cells or drugs to the injured site are considered the most promising option. In this review, we briefly introduce SCI and its molecular mechanism and summarize the application of biomaterials in the repair and regeneration of tissue in various models of SCI. However, there is still limited evidence about the treatment of SCI with biomaterials in the clinic. Finally, this review will provide inspiration and direction for the future study and application of biomaterials in the treatment of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiao-Gang Zhou
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - An-Guo Wu
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
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Pereira I, Lopez-Martinez MJ, Villasante A, Introna C, Tornero D, Canals JM, Samitier J. Hyaluronic acid-based bioink improves the differentiation and network formation of neural progenitor cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1110547. [PMID: 36937768 PMCID: PMC10020230 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1110547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is a promising technique for the development of neuronal in vitro models because it controls the deposition of materials and cells. Finding a biomaterial that supports neural differentiation in vitro while ensuring compatibility with the technique of 3D bioprinting of a self-standing construct is a challenge. Methods: In this study, gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA), methacrylated alginate (AlgMA), and hyaluronic acid (HA) were examined by exploiting their biocompatibility and tunable mechanical properties to resemble the extracellular matrix (ECM) and to create a suitable material for printing neural progenitor cells (NPCs), supporting their long-term differentiation. NPCs were printed and differentiated for up to 15 days, and cell viability and neuronal differentiation markers were assessed throughout the culture. Results and Discussion: This composite biomaterial presented the desired physical properties to mimic the ECM of the brain with high water intake, low stiffness, and slow degradation while allowing the printing of defined structures. The viability rates were maintained at approximately 80% at all time points. However, the levels of β-III tubulin marker increased over time, demonstrating the compatibility of this biomaterial with neuronal cell culture and differentiation. Furthermore, these cells showed increased maturation with corresponding functional properties, which was also demonstrated by the formation of a neuronal network that was observed by recording spontaneous activity via Ca2+ imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Pereira
- Nanobioengineering Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria J. Lopez-Martinez
- Nanobioengineering Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Electronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking, Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Aranzazu Villasante
- Nanobioengineering Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Electronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clelia Introna
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Creatio - Production and Validation Center of Advanced Therapies, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Research Foundation Clinic Barcelona-August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (FRCB-IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Tornero
- Research Foundation Clinic Barcelona-August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (FRCB-IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Laboratory of Neuronal Stem Cells and Cerebral Damage, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep M. Canals
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Creatio - Production and Validation Center of Advanced Therapies, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Research Foundation Clinic Barcelona-August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (FRCB-IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Samitier
- Nanobioengineering Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Electronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking, Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Josep Samitier,
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14
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Girão AF, Serrano MC, Completo A, Marques PAAP. Is Graphene Shortening the Path toward Spinal Cord Regeneration? ACS NANO 2022; 16:13430-13467. [PMID: 36000717 PMCID: PMC9776589 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c04756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Along with the development of the next generation of biomedical platforms, the inclusion of graphene-based materials (GBMs) into therapeutics for spinal cord injury (SCI) has potential to nourish topmost neuroprotective and neuroregenerative strategies for enhancing neural structural and physiological recovery. In the context of SCI, contemplated as one of the most convoluted challenges of modern medicine, this review first provides an overview of its characteristics and pathophysiological features. Then, the most relevant ongoing clinical trials targeting SCI, including pharmaceutical, robotics/neuromodulation, and scaffolding approaches, are introduced and discussed in sequence with the most important insights brought by GBMs into each particular topic. The current role of these nanomaterials on restoring the spinal cord microenvironment after injury is critically contextualized, while proposing future concepts and desirable outputs for graphene-based technologies aiming to reach clinical significance for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- André F. Girão
- Centre
for Mechanical Technology and Automation (TEMA), Department of Mechanical
Engineering, University of Aveiro (UA), Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Calle Sor Juana Inés de la
Cruz 3, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- (A.F.G.)
| | - María Concepcion Serrano
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Calle Sor Juana Inés de la
Cruz 3, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- (M.C.S.)
| | - António Completo
- Centre
for Mechanical Technology and Automation (TEMA), Department of Mechanical
Engineering, University of Aveiro (UA), Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Paula A. A. P. Marques
- Centre
for Mechanical Technology and Automation (TEMA), Department of Mechanical
Engineering, University of Aveiro (UA), Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
- (P.A.A.P.M.)
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15
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Khoonkari M, Liang D, Kamperman M, Kruyt FAE, van Rijn P. Physics of Brain Cancer: Multiscale Alterations of Glioblastoma Cells under Extracellular Matrix Stiffening. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14051031. [PMID: 35631616 PMCID: PMC9145282 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14051031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The biology and physics underlying glioblastoma is not yet completely understood, resulting in the limited efficacy of current clinical therapy. Recent studies have indicated the importance of mechanical stress on the development and malignancy of cancer. Various types of mechanical stress activate adaptive tumor cell responses that include alterations in the extracellular matrix (ECM) which have an impact on tumor malignancy. In this review, we describe and discuss the current knowledge of the effects of ECM alterations and mechanical stress on GBM aggressiveness. Gradual changes in the brain ECM have been connected to the biological and physical alterations of GBM cells. For example, increased expression of several ECM components such as glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), hyaluronic acid (HA), proteoglycans and fibrous proteins result in stiffening of the brain ECM, which alters inter- and intracellular signaling activity. Several mechanosensing signaling pathways have been identified that orchestrate adaptive responses, such as Hippo/YAP, CD44, and actin skeleton signaling, which remodel the cytoskeleton and affect cellular properties such as cell–cell/ECM interactions, growth, and migration/invasion of GBM cells. In vitro, hydrogels are used as a model to mimic the stiffening of the brain ECM and reconstruct its mechanics, which we also discuss. Overall, we provide an overview of the tumor microenvironmental landscape of GBM with a focus on ECM stiffening and its associated adaptive cellular signaling pathways and their possible therapeutic exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Khoonkari
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (M.K.); (D.L.)
- Polymer Science, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Dong Liang
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (M.K.); (D.L.)
| | - Marleen Kamperman
- Polymer Science, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Frank A. E. Kruyt
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (M.K.); (D.L.)
- Correspondence: (F.A.E.K.); (P.v.R.)
| | - Patrick van Rijn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering-FB40, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
- W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science-FB41, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (F.A.E.K.); (P.v.R.)
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16
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Baek J, Kumar S, Schaffer DV, Im SG. N-Cadherin adhesive ligation regulates mechanosensitive neural stem cell lineage commitment in 3D matrices. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:6768-6777. [PMID: 36314115 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01349e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate a novel strategy to independently control cell–ECM and cell–cell interactions of neural stem cells in a 3D matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieung Baek
- Dept. of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Dept. of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Dept. of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Dept. of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Dept. of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - David V. Schaffer
- Dept. of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Dept. of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Dept. of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Sung Gap Im
- Dept. of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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17
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Nelson DW, Gilbert RJ. Extracellular Matrix-Mimetic Hydrogels for Treating Neural Tissue Injury: A Focus on Fibrin, Hyaluronic Acid, and Elastin-Like Polypeptide Hydrogels. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2101329. [PMID: 34494398 PMCID: PMC8599642 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202101329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Neurological and functional recovery is limited following central nervous system injury and severe injury to the peripheral nervous system. Extracellular matrix (ECM)-mimetic hydrogels are of particular interest as regenerative scaffolds for the injured nervous system as they provide 3D bioactive interfaces that modulate cellular response to the injury environment and provide naturally degradable scaffolding for effective tissue remodeling. In this review, three unique ECM-mimetic hydrogels used in models of neural injury are reviewed: fibrin hydrogels, which rely on a naturally occurring enzymatic gelation, hyaluronic acid hydrogels, which require chemical modification prior to chemical crosslinking, and elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) hydrogels, which exhibit a temperature-sensitive gelation. The hydrogels are reviewed by summarizing their unique biological properties, their use as drug depots, and their combination with other biomaterials, such as electrospun fibers and nanoparticles. This review is the first to focus on these three ECM-mimetic hydrogels for their use in neural tissue engineering. Additionally, this is the first review to summarize the use of ELP hydrogels for nervous system applications. ECM-mimetic hydrogels have shown great promise in preclinical models of neural injury and future advancements in their design and use can likely lead to viable treatments for patients with neural injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek W Nelson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th St, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Ryan J Gilbert
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th St, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
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18
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Kong JS, Huang X, Choi Y, Yi H, Kang J, Kim S, Kim J, Lee H, Rim YA, Ju JH, Chung WK, Woolf CJ, Jang J, Cho D. Promoting Long-Term Cultivation of Motor Neurons for 3D Neuromuscular Junction Formation of 3D In Vitro Using Central-Nervous-Tissue-Derived Bioink. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2100581. [PMID: 34363335 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
3D cell printing technology is in the spotlight for producing 3D tissue or organ constructs useful for various medical applications. In printing of neuromuscular tissue, a bioink satisfying all the requirements is a challenging issue. Gel integrity and motor neuron activity are two major characters because a harmonious combination of extracellular materials essential to motor neuron activity consists of disadvantages in mechanical properties. Here, a method for fabrication of 3D neuromuscular tissue is presented using a porcine central nervous system tissue decellularized extracellular matrix (CNSdECM) bioink. CNSdECM retains CNS tissue-specific extracellular molecules, provides rheological properties crucial for extrusion-based 3D cell printing, and reveals positive effects on the growth and maturity of axons of motor neurons compared with Matrigel. It also allows long-term cultivation of human-induced-pluripotent-stem-cell-derived lower motor neurons and sufficiently supports their cellular behavior to carry motor signals to muscle fibers. CNSdECM bioink holds great promise for producing a tissue-engineered motor system using 3D cell printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Sik Kong
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) 77 Cheongam‐ro, Nam‐gu Pohang Kyungbuk 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Xuan Huang
- FM Kirby Neurobiology Center Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Neurobiology Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Yeong‐Jin Choi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) 77 Cheongam‐ro, Nam‐gu Pohang Kyungbuk 37673 Republic of Korea
- Materials Processing Innovation Research Division Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS) 797 10 Changwondaero, Kyungnam Changwon 51508 Republic of Korea
| | - Hee‐Gyeong Yi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) 77 Cheongam‐ro, Nam‐gu Pohang Kyungbuk 37673 Republic of Korea
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Chonnam National University Gwangju 61186 Republic of Korea
| | - Junsu Kang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) 77 Cheongam‐ro, Nam‐gu Pohang Kyungbuk 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Sejin Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) 77 Cheongam‐ro, Nam‐gu Pohang Kyungbuk 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Jongmin Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) 77 Cheongam‐ro, Nam‐gu Pohang Kyungbuk 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungseok Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) 77 Cheongam‐ro, Nam‐gu Pohang Kyungbuk 37673 Republic of Korea
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Kangwon National University (KNU) 1 Gangwondaehak‐gil, Seoksa‐dong Chuncheon‐si Gangwon‐do 24341 Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Biohealth‐Machinery Convergence Engineering Kangwon National University (KNU) Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Yeri Alice Rim
- Catholic iPSC Research Center, College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea Seoul 137‐701 Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyeon Ju
- Catholic iPSC Research Center, College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea Seoul 137‐701 Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Kyun Chung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) 77 Cheongam‐ro, Nam‐gu Pohang Kyungbuk 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Clifford J. Woolf
- FM Kirby Neurobiology Center Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Neurobiology Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Jinah Jang
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) 77 Cheongam‐ro, Nam‐gu Pohang Kyungbuk 37673 Republic of Korea
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) 77 Cheongam‐ro, Nam‐gu Pohang Kyungbuk 37673 Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence IT Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) 77 Cheongam‐ro, Nam‐gu Pohang Kyungbuk 37673 Republic of Korea
- Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology Yonsei University Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Dong‐Woo Cho
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) 77 Cheongam‐ro, Nam‐gu Pohang Kyungbuk 37673 Republic of Korea
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) 77 Cheongam‐ro, Nam‐gu Pohang Kyungbuk 37673 Republic of Korea
- Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology Yonsei University Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea
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19
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Abstract
Carbohydrates are the most abundant and one of the most important biomacromolecules in Nature. Except for energy-related compounds, carbohydrates can be roughly divided into two categories: Carbohydrates as matter and carbohydrates as information. As matter, carbohydrates are abundantly present in the extracellular matrix of animals and cell walls of various plants, bacteria, fungi, etc., serving as scaffolds. Some commonly found polysaccharides are featured as biocompatible materials with controllable rigidity and functionality, forming polymeric biomaterials which are widely used in drug delivery, tissue engineering, etc. As information, carbohydrates are usually referred to the glycans from glycoproteins, glycolipids, and proteoglycans, which bind to proteins or other carbohydrates, thereby meditating the cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. These glycans could be simplified as synthetic glycopolymers, glycolipids, and glycoproteins, which could be afforded through polymerization, multistep synthesis, or a semisynthetic strategy. The information role of carbohydrates can be demonstrated not only as targeting reagents but also as immune antigens and adjuvants. The latter are also included in this review as they are always in a macromolecular formulation. In this review, we intend to provide a relatively comprehensive summary of carbohydrate-based macromolecular biomaterials since 2010 while emphasizing the fundamental understanding to guide the rational design of biomaterials. Carbohydrate-based macromolecules on the basis of their resources and chemical structures will be discussed, including naturally occurring polysaccharides, naturally derived synthetic polysaccharides, glycopolymers/glycodendrimers, supramolecular glycopolymers, and synthetic glycolipids/glycoproteins. Multiscale structure-function relationships in several major application areas, including delivery systems, tissue engineering, and immunology, will be detailed. We hope this review will provide valuable information for the development of carbohydrate-based macromolecular biomaterials and build a bridge between the carbohydrates as matter and the carbohydrates as information to promote new biomaterial design in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Su
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven 5600, The Netherlands
| | - Yingle Feng
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.,Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, P. R. China
| | - Kongchang Wei
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Department of Materials meet Life, Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen 9014, Switzerland
| | - Xuyang Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Rongying Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Guosong Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.,Multiscale Research Institute of Complex Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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20
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Chen H, Fei F, Li X, Nie Z, Zhou D, Liu L, Zhang J, Zhang H, Fei Z, Xu T. A facile, versatile hydrogel bioink for 3D bioprinting benefits long-term subaqueous fidelity, cell viability and proliferation. Regen Biomater 2021; 8:rbab026. [PMID: 34211734 PMCID: PMC8240632 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbab026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Both of the long-term fidelity and cell viability of three-dimensional (3D)-bioprinted constructs are essential to precise soft tissue repair. However, the shrinking/swelling behavior of hydrogels brings about inadequate long-term fidelity of constructs, and bioinks containing excessive polymer are detrimental to cell viability. Here, we obtained a facile hydrogel by introducing 1% aldehyde hyaluronic acid (AHA) and 0.375% N-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), two polysaccharides with strong water absorption and water retention capacity, into classic gelatin (GEL, 5%)-alginate (ALG, 1%) ink. This GEL-ALG/CMC/AHA bioink possesses weak temperature dependence due to the Schiff base linkage of CMC/AHA and electrostatic interaction of CMC/ALG. We fabricated integrated constructs through traditional printing at room temperature and in vivo simulation printing at 37°C. The printed cell-laden constructs can maintain subaqueous fidelity for 30 days after being reinforced by 3% calcium chloride for only 20 s. Flow cytometry results showed that the cell viability was 91.38 ± 1.55% on day 29, and the cells in the proliferation plateau at this time still maintained their dynamic renewal with a DNA replication rate of 6.06 ± 1.24%. This work provides a convenient and practical bioink option for 3D bioprinting in precise soft tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqing Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Central Theater General Hospital, Wuhan 430010, China
| | - Fei Fei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Xinda Li
- Biomanufacturing and Rapid Forming Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Zhenguo Nie
- Department of Orthopedics, Fourth medical center of PLA general hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Dezhi Zhou
- Biomanufacturing and Rapid Forming Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Libiao Liu
- Biomanufacturing and Rapid Forming Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- East China Institute of Digital Medical Engineering, Shangrao 334000, China
| | - Haitao Zhang
- East China Institute of Digital Medical Engineering, Shangrao 334000, China
| | - Zhou Fei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Biomanufacturing and Rapid Forming Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Department of Precision Medicine and Healthcare, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen 518055, China
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21
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Carvalho IC, Mansur HS, Leonel AG, Mansur AAP, Lobato ZIP. Soft matter polysaccharide-based hydrogels as versatile bioengineered platforms for brain tissue repair and regeneration. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 182:1091-1111. [PMID: 33892028 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.04.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Acute or chronic brain injuries promote deaths and the life-long debilitating neurological status where, despite advances in therapeutic strategies, clinical outcome hardly achieves total patient recovery. In recent decades, brain tissue engineering emerged as an encouraging area of research for helping in damaged central nervous system (CNS) recovery. Polysaccharides are abundant naturally occurring biomacromolecules with a great potential enhancement of advanced technologies in brain tissue repair and regeneration (BTRR). Besides carrying rich biological information, polysaccharides can interact and communicate with biomolecules, including glycosaminoglycans present in cell membranes and many signaling moieties, growth factors, chemokines, and axon guidance molecules. This review includes a comprehensive investigation of the current progress on designing and developing polysaccharide-based soft matter biomaterials for BTRR. Although few interesting reviews concerning BTRR have been reported, this is the first report specifically focusing on covering multiple polysaccharides and polysaccharide-based functionalized biomacromolecules in this emerging and intriguing field of multidisciplinary knowledge. This review aims to cover the state of art challenges and prospects of this fascinating field while presenting the richness of possibilities of using these natural biomacromolecules for advanced biomaterials in prospective neural tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isadora C Carvalho
- Center of Nanoscience, Nanotechnology and Innovation - CeNano(2)I, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627 Belo Horizonte/M.G., Brazil
| | - Herman S Mansur
- Center of Nanoscience, Nanotechnology and Innovation - CeNano(2)I, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627 Belo Horizonte/M.G., Brazil.
| | - Alice G Leonel
- Center of Nanoscience, Nanotechnology and Innovation - CeNano(2)I, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627 Belo Horizonte/M.G., Brazil
| | - Alexandra A P Mansur
- Center of Nanoscience, Nanotechnology and Innovation - CeNano(2)I, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627 Belo Horizonte/M.G., Brazil
| | - Zelia I P Lobato
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary School, Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG, Brazil
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22
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Kajtez J, Nilsson F, Fiorenzano A, Parmar M, Emnéus J. 3D biomaterial models of human brain disease. Neurochem Int 2021; 147:105043. [PMID: 33887378 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Inherent limitations of the traditional approaches to study brain function and disease, such as rodent models and 2D cell culture platforms, have led to the development of 3D in vitro cell culture systems. These systems, products of multidisciplinary efforts encompassing stem cell biology, materials engineering, and biofabrication, have quickly shown great potential to mimic biochemical composition, structural properties, and cellular morphology and diversity found in the native brain tissue. Crucial to these developments have been the advancements in stem cell technology and cell reprogramming protocols that allow reproducible generation of human subtype-specific neurons and glia in laboratory conditions. At the same time, biomaterials have been designed to provide cells in 3D with a microenvironment that mimics functional and structural aspects of the native extracellular matrix with increasing fidelity. In this article, we review the use of biomaterials in 3D in vitro models of neurological disorders with focus on hydrogel technology and with biochemical composition and physical properties of the in vivo environment as reference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janko Kajtez
- Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Division of Neurobiology and Lund Stem Cell Center, BMC A11, Lund University, Lund, S-22184, Sweden.
| | - Fredrik Nilsson
- Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Division of Neurobiology and Lund Stem Cell Center, BMC A11, Lund University, Lund, S-22184, Sweden
| | - Alessandro Fiorenzano
- Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Division of Neurobiology and Lund Stem Cell Center, BMC A11, Lund University, Lund, S-22184, Sweden
| | - Malin Parmar
- Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Division of Neurobiology and Lund Stem Cell Center, BMC A11, Lund University, Lund, S-22184, Sweden
| | - Jenny Emnéus
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine (DTU Bioengineering), Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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23
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Shahi M, Mohammadnejad D, Karimipour M, Rahbarghazi R, Abedelahi A. Evaluation of the Effect of Hyaluronic Acid-Based Biomaterial Enriched With Tenascin-C on the Behavior of the Neural Stem Cells. Int J Toxicol 2021; 40:218-225. [PMID: 33813947 DOI: 10.1177/10915818211002468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
One of the most important natural extracellular constituents is hyaluronic acid (HA) with the potential to develop a highly organized microenvironment. In the present study, we enriched HA hydrogel with tenascin-C (TN-C) and examined the viability and survival of mouse neural stem cells (NSCs) using different biological assays. Following NSCs isolation and expansion, their phenotype was identified using flow cytometry analysis. Cell survival was measured using MTT assay and DAPI staining after exposure to various concentrations of 50, 100, 200, and 400 nM TN-C. Using acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining, we measured the number of live and necrotic cells after exposure to the combination of HA and TN-C. MTT assay revealed the highest NSCs viability rate in the group exposed to 100 nM TN-C compared to other groups, and a combination of 1% HA + 100 nM TN-C increased the viability of NSCs compared to the HA group after 24 hours. Electron scanning microscopy revealed the higher attachment of these cells to the HA + 100 nM TN-C substrate relative to the HA substrate. Epifluorescence imaging and DAPI staining of loaded cells on HA + 100 nM TN-C substrate significantly increased the number of NSCs per field over 72 hours compared to the HA group (P < 0.05). Live and dead assay revealed that the number of live NSCs significantly increased in the HA + 100 TN-C group compared to HA and control groups. The enrichment of HA substrate with TN-C promoted viability and survival of NSCs and could be applied in neural tissue engineering approaches and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Shahi
- Stem Cell Research Center, 48432Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Daruosh Mohammadnejad
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, 48432Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Karimipour
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, 48432Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, 48432Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, 48432Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, 48432Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Abedelahi
- Stem Cell Research Center, 48432Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, 48432Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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24
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Virdi JK, Pethe P. Biomaterials Regulate Mechanosensors YAP/TAZ in Stem Cell Growth and Differentiation. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2021; 18:199-215. [PMID: 33230800 PMCID: PMC8012461 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-020-00301-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue-resident stem cells are surrounded by a microenvironment known as 'stem cell niche' which is specific for each stem cell type. This niche comprises of cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic factors like biochemical and biophysical signals, which regulate stem cell characteristics and differentiation. Biochemical signals have been thoroughly studied however, the effect of biophysical signals on stem cell regulation is yet to be completely understood. Biomaterials have aided in addressing this issue since they can provide a defined and tuneable microenvironment resembling in vivo conditions. We review various biomaterials used in many studies which have shown a connection between biomaterial-generated mechanical signals and alteration in stem cell behaviour. Researchers probed to understand the mechanism of mechanotransduction and reported that the signals from the extracellular matrix regulate a transcription factor yes-associated protein (YAP)/transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), which is a downstream-regulator of the Hippo pathway and it transduces the mechanical signals inside the nucleus. We highlight the role of the YAP/TAZ as mechanotransducers in stem cell self-renewal and differentiation in response to substrate stiffness, also the possibility of mechanobiology as the emerging field of regenerative medicines and three-dimensional tissue printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmeet Kaur Virdi
- Department of Biological Science, Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM's NMIMS (Deemed to-be) University, Mumbai, India
| | - Prasad Pethe
- Symbiosis Centre for Stem Cell Research (SCSCR), Symbiosis International University, Lavale, Mulshi, Pune, 412115, India.
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25
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Liu X, Hao M, Chen Z, Zhang T, Huang J, Dai J, Zhang Z. 3D bioprinted neural tissue constructs for spinal cord injury repair. Biomaterials 2021; 272:120771. [PMID: 33798962 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has emerged as a promising approach to fabricate living neural constructs with anatomically accurate complex geometries and spatial distributions of neural stem cells (NSCs) for spinal cord injury (SCI) repair. The NSC-laden 3D bioprinting, however, still faces some big challenges, such as cumbersome printing process, poor cell viability, and minimal cell-material interaction. To address these issues, we have fabricated NSC-laden scaffolds by 3D bioprinting and explore for the first time their application for in vivo SCI repair. In our strategy, we have developed a novel biocompatible bioink consisting of functional chitosan, hyaluronic acid derivatives, and matrigel. This bioink shows fast gelation (within 20 s) and spontaneous covalent crosslinking capability, facilitating convenient one-step bioprinting of spinal cord-like constructs. Thus-fabricated scaffolds maintain high NSC viability (about 95%), and offer a benign microenvironment that facilitates cell-material interactions and neuronal differentiation for optimal formation of neural network. The in vivo experiment has further demonstrated that the bioprinted scaffolds promoted the axon regeneration and decreased glial scar deposition, leading to significant locomotor recovery of the SCI model rats, which may represent a general and versatile strategy for precise engineering of central nervous system and other neural organs/tissues for regenerative medicine application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China; School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Mingming Hao
- I-lab, Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nanobionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zhongjin Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- I-lab, Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nanobionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jie Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China; School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
| | - Jianwu Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100080, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China; School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
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26
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Garrudo FFF, Mikael PE, Xia K, Silva JC, Ouyang Y, Chapman CA, Hoffman PR, Yu Y, Han X, Rodrigues CAV, Cabral JMS, Morgado J, Ferreira FC, Linhardt RJ. The effect of electrospun scaffolds on the glycosaminoglycan profile of differentiating neural stem cells. Biochimie 2021; 182:61-72. [PMID: 33422570 PMCID: PMC7902476 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The use of electrospun scaffolds for neural tissue engineering applications allows a closer mimicry of the native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM), important for the transplantation of cells in vivo. Moreover, the role of the electrospun fiber mat topography on neural stem cell (NSC) differentiation remains to be completely understood. In this work REN-VM cells (NSC model) were differentiated on polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibers, obtained by wet/wet electrospinning, and on flat glass lamellas. The obtained differentiation profile of NSCs was evaluated using immunofluorescence and qPCR analysis. Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) analysis was successfully emplyed to evaluate changes in the GAG profile of differentiating cells through the use of the highly sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method. Our results show that both culture platforms allow the differentiation of REN-VM cells into neural cells (neurons and astrocytes) similarly. Moreover, LC-MS/MS analysis shows changes in the production of GAGs present both in cell cultures and conditioned media samples. In the media, hyaluronic acid (HA) was detected and correlated with cellular activity and the production of a more plastic extracellular matrix. The cell samples evidence changes in chondroitin sulfate (CS4S, CS6S, CS4S6S) and heparan sulfate (HS6S, HS0S), similar to those previously described in vivo studies and possibly associated with the creation of complex structures, such as perineural networks. The GAG profile of differentiating REN-VM cells on electrospun scaffolds was analyzed for the first time. Our results highlight the advantage of using platforms obtain more reliable and robust neural tissue-engineered transplants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio F F Garrudo
- Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Biotechnology Center 4005, Troy, NY, 12180, USA; Department of Bioengineering and iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal; Department of Bioengineering and Instituto de Telecomunicações, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Paiyz E Mikael
- Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Biotechnology Center 4005, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Ke Xia
- Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Biotechnology Center 4005, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - João C Silva
- Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Biotechnology Center 4005, Troy, NY, 12180, USA; Department of Bioengineering and iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Yilan Ouyang
- Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Biotechnology Center 4005, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Caitlyn A Chapman
- Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Biotechnology Center 4005, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Pauline R Hoffman
- Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Biotechnology Center 4005, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Yanlei Yu
- Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Biotechnology Center 4005, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Xiaurui Han
- Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Biotechnology Center 4005, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Carlos A V Rodrigues
- Department of Bioengineering and iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joaquim M S Cabral
- Department of Bioengineering and iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jorge Morgado
- Department of Bioengineering and Instituto de Telecomunicações, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Frederico C Ferreira
- Department of Bioengineering and iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Robert J Linhardt
- Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Biotechnology Center 4005, Troy, NY, 12180, USA.
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27
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Modulatory properties of extracellular matrix glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans on neural stem cells behavior: Highlights on regenerative potential and bioactivity. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 171:366-381. [PMID: 33422514 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Despite the poor regenerative capacity of the adult central nervous system (CNS) in mammals, two distinct regions, subventricular zone (SVZ) and the subgranular zone (SGZ), continue to generate new functional neurons throughout life which integrate into the pre-existing neuronal circuitry. This process is not fixed but highly modulated, revealing many intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms by which this performance can be optimized for a given environment. The capacity for self-renewal, proliferation, migration, and multi-lineage potency of neural stem cells (NSCs) underlines the necessity of controlling stem cell fate. In this context, the native and local microenvironment plays a critical role, and the application of this highly organized architecture in the CNS has been considered as a fundamental concept in the generation of new effective therapeutic strategies in tissue engineering approaches. The brain extracellular matrix (ECM) is composed of biomacromolecules, including glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans, and glycoproteins that provide various biological actions through biophysical and biochemical signaling pathways. Herein, we review predominantly the structure and function of the mentioned ECM composition and their regulatory impact on multiple and diversity of biological functions, including neural regeneration, survival, migration, differentiation, and final destiny of NSCs.
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28
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Unal DB, Caliari SR, Lampe KJ. 3D Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels for Modeling Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cell Behavior as a Function of Matrix Stiffness. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:4962-4971. [PMID: 33112592 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The lack of regenerative solutions for demyelination within the central nervous system motivates the development of strategies to expand and drive the bioactivity of the cells, including oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs), that ultimately give rise to myelination. In this work, we introduce a 3D hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel system to study the effects of microenvironmental mechanical properties on the behavior of OPCs. We tuned the stiffness of the hydrogels to match the brain tissue (storage modulus 200-2000 Pa) and studied the effects of stiffness on metabolic activity, proliferation, and cell morphology of OPCs over a 7 day period. Although hydrogel mesh size decreased with increasing stiffness, all hydrogel groups facilitated OPC proliferation and mitochondrial metabolic activity to similar degrees. However, OPCs in the two lower stiffness hydrogel groups (170 ± 42 and 794 ± 203 Pa) supported greater adenosine triphosphate levels per cell than the highest stiffness hydrogels (2179 ± 127 Pa). Lower stiffness hydrogels also supported higher levels of cell viability and larger cell spheroid formation compared to the highest stiffness hydrogels. Together, these data suggest that 3D HA hydrogels are a useful platform for studying OPC behavior and that OPC growth/metabolic health may be favored in lower stiffness microenvironments mimicking brain tissue mechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz B Unal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, United States
| | - Steven R Caliari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, United States
| | - Kyle J Lampe
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, United States
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29
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Lee SW, Kim J, Do M, Namkoong E, Lee H, Ryu JH, Park K. Developmental role of hyaluronic acid and its application in salivary gland tissue engineering. Acta Biomater 2020; 115:275-287. [PMID: 32853803 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Dry mouth, or xerostomia, caused by salivary gland dysfunction significantly impacts oral/systemic health and quality of life. Although in vitro-generated artificial salivary glands have been considered as the fundamental solution, its structural complexity is difficult to reproduce using current biomaterials. Therefore, understanding and recapitulating the roles of biomacromolecules in salivary gland organogenesis is needed to solve these problems. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a macromolecule abundant during salivary gland organogenesis, but its role remains unknown. Here, we verify the effects of HA on salivary gland organogenesis and artificial organ germ formation in solubilized and substrate-immobilized forms. In embryonic submandibular glands (eSMG), we found dense HA layers encapsulating proliferative c-Kit+ progenitor cells that were expressing CD44, an HA receptor. The blockage of HA synthesis, or degradation of HA, impaired eSMG growth by ablating the c-Kit+ progenitor cell population. We also found that high-molecular-weight (HMW) HA has a significant role in eSMG growth. Based on these findings, we discovered that HA is also crucial for in vitro formation of salivary gland organ germs, one of the most promising candidates for salivary gland tissue regeneration. We significantly enhanced salivary gland organ germ formation by supplementing HMW HA in solution; this effect was further increased when the HMW HA was immobilized on the substrate by polydopamine/HA co-immobilization. Our study suggests that the current use of HA in salivary gland tissue engineering can be further optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Woo Lee
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Junchul Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjae Do
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Nature-inspired Technology (CNiT), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Namkoong
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeshin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Nature-inspired Technology (CNiT), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Ryu
- Department of Carbon Convergence Engineering, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyungpyo Park
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-749, Republic of Korea.
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30
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Agarwal G, Agiwal S, Srivastava A. Hyaluronic acid containing scaffolds ameliorate stem cell function for tissue repair and regeneration. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 165:388-401. [PMID: 32961192 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence based studies have proposed hyaluronic acid (HA) as an emerging biopolymer for various tissue engineering application. Meanwhile, stem cells (SCs) have also gained immense popularity for their tissue regenerative capacity. Thus, combining HA and stem cells for tissue engineering application have shown to foster tissue repair and regeneration process. HA possesses the ability to interact with SCs via cellular surface receptors along with the capacity to elicit the process of differentiation. The influence of HA on stem cells has been widely investigated in cartilage and bone repair but their properties of reducing inflammation has also been explored in various other tissue repair processes. In this review, we have provided an insight to the effect of crosslinked and non-crosslinked HA on various stem cells. Further, HA based scaffolds combined with stem cells have shown to have a synergistic effect in the regeneration capacity. Also, various chemically modified HA and biomolecules conjugated HA as a suitable carrier or matrix for stem cells delivery and the effect of HA in fine tuning the stem cells function is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopal Agarwal
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), Opp. Airforce Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Shubham Agiwal
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), Opp. Airforce Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Akshay Srivastava
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), Opp. Airforce Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India.
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31
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Liu Y, Hsu YH, Huang APH, Hsu SH. Semi-Interpenetrating Polymer Network of Hyaluronan and Chitosan Self-Healing Hydrogels for Central Nervous System Repair. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:40108-40120. [PMID: 32808527 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c11433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The repair of the central nervous system (CNS) is a major challenge because of the difficulty for neurons or axons to regenerate after damages. Injectable hydrogels have been developed to deliver drugs or cells for neural repair, but these hydrogels usually require conditional stimuli or additional catalysts to control the gelling process. Self-healing hydrogels, which can be injected locally to fill tissue defects after stable gelation, are attractive candidates for CNS treatment. In the current study, the self-healing hydrogel with a semi-interpenetrating polymer network (SIPN) was prepared by incorporation of hyaluronan (HA) into the chitosan-based self-healing hydrogel. The addition of HA allowed the hydrogel to pass through a narrow needle much more easily. As the HA content increased, the hydrogel showed a more packed nanostructure and a more porous microstructure verified by coherent small-angle X-ray scattering and scanning electron microscopy. The unique structure of SIPN hydrogel enhanced the spreading, migration, proliferation, and differentiation of encapsulated neural stem cells in vitro. Compared to the pristine chitosan-based self-healing hydrogel, the SIPN hydrogel showed better biocompatibility, CNS injury repair, and functional recovery evaluated by the traumatic brain injury zebrafish model and intracerebral hemorrhage rat model. We proposed that the SIPN of HA and chitosan self-healing hydrogel allowed an adaptable environment for cell spreading and migration and had the potential as an injectable defect support for CNS repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yi-Hua Hsu
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Abel Po-Hao Huang
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shan-Hui Hsu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan, Republic of China
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32
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Zarei-Kheirabadi M, Sadrosadat H, Mohammadshirazi A, Jaberi R, Sorouri F, Khayyatan F, Kiani S. Human embryonic stem cell-derived neural stem cells encapsulated in hyaluronic acid promotes regeneration in a contusion spinal cord injured rat. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 148:1118-1129. [PMID: 31982534 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
spinal cord injury (SCI) is a traumatic damage that can causes a loss of neurons around the lesion site and resulting in locomotor and sensory deficits. Currently, there is widely attempts in improvement of treatment strategy and cell delivering to the central nervous system (CNS). The usage of hyaluronic acid (HA), the main components of the ECM in CNS tissue and neural stem cells (NSCs) niche, is a good selection that can increase of viability and differentiation of NSCs. Importantly, we demonstrate that encapsulation of human embryonic stem cell derived-neural stem cells (hESC-NS) in HA-based hydrogel can increased differentiation these cells into oligodendrocytes and improved locomotor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Zarei-Kheirabadi
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, ROYAN Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hoda Sadrosadat
- Department of Physiology, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atiyeh Mohammadshirazi
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, ROYAN Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Razieh Jaberi
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, ROYAN Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Sorouri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials, Medical Biomaterials Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Khayyatan
- Department of Cell Engineering, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Kiani
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, ROYAN Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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Niemczyk-Soczynska B, Gradys A, Kolbuk D, Krzton-Maziopa A, Sajkiewicz P. Crosslinking Kinetics of Methylcellulose Aqueous Solution and Its Potential as a Scaffold for Tissue Engineering. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1772. [PMID: 31661795 PMCID: PMC6918217 DOI: 10.3390/polym11111772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermosensitive, physically crosslinked injectable hydrogels are in the area of interests of various scientific fields. One of the representatives of this materials group is an aqueous solution of methylcellulose. At ambient conditions, methylcellulose (MC) is a sol while on heating up to 37 °C, MC undergoes physical crosslinking and transforms into a gel. Injectability at room temperature, and crosslinkability during subsequent heating to physiological temperature raises hopes, especially for tissue engineering applications. This research work aimed at studying crosslinking kinetics, thermal, viscoelastic, and biological properties of MC aqueous solution in a broad range of MC concentrations. It was evidenced by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) that crosslinking of MC is a reversible two-stage process, manifested by the appearance of two endothermic effects, related to the destruction of water cages around methoxy groups, followed by crosslinking via the formation of hydrophobic interactions between methoxy groups in the polymeric chains. The DSC results also allowed the determination of MC crosslinking kinetics. Complementary measurements of MC crosslinking kinetics performed by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) provided information on the final storage modulus, which was important from the perspective of tissue engineering applications. Cytotoxicity tests were performed using mouse fibroblasts and showed that MC at low concentration did not cause cytotoxicity. All these efforts allowed to assess MC hydrogel relevance for tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Niemczyk-Soczynska
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5b St., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Arkadiusz Gradys
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5b St., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Dorota Kolbuk
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5b St., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Anna Krzton-Maziopa
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3 St., 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Pawel Sajkiewicz
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5b St., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
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Ma W, Suh WH. Cost-Effective Cosmetic-Grade Hyaluronan Hydrogels for ReNcell VM Human Neural Stem Cell Culture. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E515. [PMID: 31547190 PMCID: PMC6843608 DOI: 10.3390/biom9100515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a polysaccharide polymer frequently used as a starting material to fabricate hydrogels, especially for recapitulating the brain's extracellular matrix (ECM) for in vitro neural stem cell (NSC) cultures. Here, we report the successful synthesis of a methacrylated HA (MeHA) polymer from an inexpensive cosmetic-grade hyaluronan starting material. The MeHA polymers synthesized from cosmetic-grade HA yielded similar chemical purity to those from pharmaceutical/research-grade HA reported in the literature. Crosslinked MeHA (x-MeHA) hydrogels were formed using radical polymerization which resulted in mechanical properties matching previously reported mechanical property ranges for enhanced neuronal differentiation of NSCs. We assessed cellular adhesion, spreading, proliferation, and stiffness-dependent neuronal differentiation properties of ReNcell VM human neural stem cells (hNSCs) and compared our results to studies reported in the literature (that utilized non-human and human pluripotent cell-derived NSCs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Ma
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Temple University,1947 N. 12th St. Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA.
| | - Won Hyuk Suh
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Temple University,1947 N. 12th St. Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA.
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Abstract
In the last few decades, hyaluronic acid (HA) has become increasingly employed as a biomaterial in both clinical and research applications. The abundance of HA in many tissues, together with its amenability to chemical modification, has made HA an attractive material platform for a wide range of applications including regenerative medicine, drug delivery, and scaffolds for cell culture. HA has traditionally been appreciated to modulate tissue mechanics and remodeling through its distinctive biophysical properties and ability to organize other matrix proteins. However, HA can influence cell behavior in much more direct and specific ways by engaging cellular HA receptors, which can trigger signals that influence cell survival, proliferation, adhesion, and migration. In turn, cells modify HA by regulating synthesis and degradation through a dedicated arsenal of enzymes. Optimal design of HA-based biomaterials demands full consideration of these diverse modes of regulation. This review summarizes how HA-based signaling regulates cell behavior and discusses how these signals can be leveraged to create cell-instructive biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla J. Wolf
- University of California, Berkeley – University of California, San Francisco Graduate Program in Bioengineering, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- University of California, Berkeley – University of California, San Francisco Graduate Program in Bioengineering, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
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Unal DB, Caliari SR, Lampe KJ. Engineering biomaterial microenvironments to promote myelination in the central nervous system. Brain Res Bull 2019; 152:159-174. [PMID: 31306690 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Promoting remyelination and/or minimizing demyelination are key therapeutic strategies under investigation for diseases and injuries like multiple sclerosis (MS), spinal cord injury, stroke, and virus-induced encephalopathy. Myelination is essential for efficacious neuronal signaling. This myelination process is originated by oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) in the central nervous system (CNS). Resident OPCs are capable of both proliferation and differentiation, and also migration to demyelinated injury sites. OPCs can then engage with these unmyelinated or demyelinated axons and differentiate into myelin-forming oligodendrocytes (OLs). However this process is frequently incomplete and often does not occur at all. Biomaterial strategies can now be used to guide OPC and OL development with the goal of regenerating healthy myelin sheaths in formerly damaged CNS tissue. Growth and neurotrophic factors delivered from such materials can promote proliferation of OPCs or differentiation into OLs. While cell transplantation techniques have been used to replace damaged cells in wound sites, they have also resulted in poor transplant cell viability, uncontrollable differentiation, and poor integration into the host. Biomaterial scaffolds made from extracellular matrix (ECM) mimics that are naturally or synthetically derived can improve transplanted cell survival, support both transplanted and endogenous cell populations, and direct their fate. In particular, stiffness and degradability of these scaffolds are two parameters that can influence the fate of OPCs and OLs. The future outlook for biomaterials research includes 3D in vitro models of myelination / remyelination / demyelination to better mimic and study these processes. These models should provide simple relationships of myelination to microenvironmental biophysical and biochemical properties to inform improved therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz B Unal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, United States
| | - Steven R Caliari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, United States
| | - Kyle J Lampe
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, United States.
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Lee GJ, Kim TI. pH-Responsive i-motif Conjugated Hyaluronic Acid/Polyethylenimine Complexes for Drug Delivery Systems. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E247. [PMID: 31137791 PMCID: PMC6572266 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11050247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
i-motif is cytosine (C)-rich oligonucleotide (ODN) which shows pH-responsive structure change in acidic condition. Therefore, it has been utilized for the trigger of intercalated drug release, responding to environmental pH change. In this study, 2.76 molecules of i-motif binding ODNs (IBOs) were conjugated to each hyaluronic acid (HA) via amide bond linkages. Synthesis of HA-IBO conjugate (HB) was confirmed by FT-IR and agarose gel electrophoresis with Stains-All staining. After hybridization of HB with i-motif ODN (IMO), it was confirmed that doxorubicin (DOX) could be loaded in HB-IMO hybrid structure (HBIM) with 65.6% of drug loading efficiency (DLE) and 25.0% of drug loading content (DLC). At pH 5.5, prompt and significant DOX release from HBIM was observed due to the disruption of HBIM hybrid structure via i-motif formation of IMO, contrary to pH 7.4 condition. Then, HBIM was complexed with low molecular weight polyethylenimine (PEI1.8k), forming positively charged nanostructures (Z-average size: 126.0 ± 0.4 nm, zeta-potential: 16.1 ± 0.3 mV). DOX-loaded HBIM/PEI complexes displayed higher anticancer efficacy than free DOX in A549 cells, showing the potential for pH-responsive anticancer drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeong Jin Lee
- Department of Biosystems & Biomaterials Science and Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Tae-Il Kim
- Department of Biosystems & Biomaterials Science and Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea.
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea.
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Seidlits SK, Liang J, Bierman RD, Sohrabi A, Karam J, Holley SM, Cepeda C, Walthers CM. Peptide-modified, hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels as a 3D culture platform for neural stem/progenitor cell engineering. J Biomed Mater Res A 2019; 107:704-718. [PMID: 30615255 PMCID: PMC8862560 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Neural stem/progenitor cell (NS/PC)-based therapies have shown exciting potential for regeneration of the central nervous system (CNS) and NS/PC cultures represent an important resource for disease modeling and drug screening. However, significant challenges limiting clinical translation remain, such as generating large numbers of cells required for model cultures or transplantation, maintaining physiologically representative phenotypes ex vivo and directing NS/PC differentiation into specific fates. Here, we report that culture of human NS/PCs in 3D, hyaluronic acid (HA)-rich biomaterial microenvironments increased differentiation toward oligodendrocytes and neurons over 2D cultures on laminin-coated glass. Moreover, NS/PCs in 3D culture exhibited a significant reduction in differentiation into reactive astrocytes. Many NS/PC-derived neurons in 3D, HA-based hydrogels expressed synaptophysin, indicating synapse formation, and displayed electrophysiological characteristics of immature neurons. While inclusion of integrin-binding, RGD peptides into hydrogels resulted in a modest increase in numbers of viable NS/PCs, no combination of laminin-derived, adhesive peptides affected differentiation outcomes. Notably, 3D cultures of differentiating NS/PCs were maintained for at least 70 days in medium with minimal growth factor supplementation. In sum, results demonstrate the use of 3D, HA-based biomaterials for long-term expansion and differentiation of NS/PCs toward oligodendroglial and neuronal fates, while inhibiting astroglial fates. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 704-718, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie K. Seidlits
- Department of Bioengineering, UCLA, Los Angels, California
- Board Stem Cell Research Center, UCLA, Los Angels, California
- Brain Research Institute, UCLA, Los Angels, California
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angels, California
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics, UCLA, Los Angels, California
| | - Jesse Liang
- Department of Bioengineering, UCLA, Los Angels, California
| | | | | | - Joshua Karam
- Department of Bioengineering, UCLA, Los Angels, California
| | - Sandra M. Holley
- Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Carlos Cepeda
- Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
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Cao W, Sui J, Ma M, Xu Y, Lin W, Chen Y, Man Y, Sun Y, Fan Y, Zhang X. The preparation and biocompatible evaluation of injectable dual crosslinking hyaluronic acid hydrogels as cytoprotective agents. J Mater Chem B 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb00839j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
An injectable dual crosslinking hyaluronic acid hydrogel was prepared by a thiol–ene click reaction and conversion between sulfhydryl and disulfide bonds. This injectable hydrogel exhibits good biocompatibility and potential biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanxu Cao
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Junhui Sui
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Mengcheng Ma
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Yang Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Weimin Lin
- Diseases and Department of Oral Implantology
- Department of Oral Implantology
- West China Hospital of Stomatology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
| | - Yafang Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Yi Man
- Diseases and Department of Oral Implantology
- Department of Oral Implantology
- West China Hospital of Stomatology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
| | - Yong Sun
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Yujiang Fan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Xingdong Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
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40
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Bejoy J, Wang Z, Bijonowski B, Yang M, Ma T, Sang QX, Li Y. Differential Effects of Heparin and Hyaluronic Acid on Neural Patterning of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 4:4354-4366. [PMID: 31572767 PMCID: PMC6768405 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b01142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A lack of well-established animal models that can efficiently represent human brain pathology has led to the development of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived brain tissues. Brain organoids have enhanced our ability to understand the developing human brain and brain disorders (e.g., Schizophrenia, microcephaly), but the organoids still do not accurately recapitulate the anatomical organization of the human brain. Therefore, it is important to evaluate and optimize induction and signaling factors in order to engineer the next generation of brain organoids. In this study, the impact of hyaluronic acid (HA), a major brain extracellular matrix (ECM) component that interacts with cells through ligand-binding receptors, on the patterning of brain organoids from hiPSCs was evaluated. To mediate HA- binding capacity of signaling molecules, heparin was added in addition to HA or conjugated to HA to form hydrogels (with two different moduli). The neural cortical spheroids derived from hiPSCs were treated with either HA or heparin plus HA (Hep- HA) and were analyzed for ECM impacts on neural patterning. The results indicate that Hep-HA has a caudalizing effect on hiPSC-derived neural spheroids, in particular for stiff Hep-HA hydrogels. Wnt and Hippo/Yes-associated protein (YAP) signaling was modulated (using Wnt inhibitor IWP4 or actin disruption agent Cytochalasin D respectively) to understand the underlying mechanism. IWP4 and cytochalasin D promote forebrain identity. The results from this study should enhance the understanding of influence of biomimetic ECM factors for brain organoid generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Bejoy
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States
| | - Brent Bijonowski
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States
| | - Mo Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States
| | - Teng Ma
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States
| | - Qing-Xiang Sang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States
- Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States
- Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States
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Sthanam LK, Saxena N, Mistari VK, Roy T, Jadhav SR, Sen S. Initial Priming on Soft Substrates Enhances Subsequent Topography-Induced Neuronal Differentiation in ESCs but Not in MSCs. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 5:180-192. [PMID: 33405870 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Differentiation of stem cells into neurogenic lineage is of great interest for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. While the role of chemical cues in regulating stem cell fate is well appreciated, the identification of physical cues has revolutionized the field of tissue engineering leading to development of scaffolds encoding one or more physical cues for inducing stem cell differentiation. In this study, using human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), we have tested if stiffness and topography can be collectively tuned for inducing neuronal differentiation by culturing these cells on polyacrylamide hydrogels of varying stiffness (5, 10, and 20 kPa) containing rectangular grooves (10, 15, and 25 μm in width). While hMSCs maximally elongate and express neuronal markers on soft 5 kPa gels containing 10/15 μm grooves, single mESCs are unable to sense topographical features when cultured directly on grooved gels. However, this inability to sense topography is rescued by priming mESCs initially on soft 1 kPa flat gels and then replating these cells onto the grooved gels. Compared to direct culture on the grooved gels, this sequential adaptation increases both viability as well as neuronal differentiation. However, this two-step process does not enhance neuronal marker expression in hMSCs. In addition to highlighting important differences between hMSCs and mESCs in their responsiveness to physical cues, our study suggests that conditioning on soft substrates is essential for inducing topography-mediated neuronal differentiation in mESCs.
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Niemczyk B, Sajkiewicz P, Kolbuk D. Injectable hydrogels as novel materials for central nervous system regeneration. J Neural Eng 2018; 15:051002. [DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/aacbab] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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43
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Wang L, Zhou Y, Dai J, Jiang S, Lu Y, Sun M, Gong J, Huang P, Yao Y. 2-Thiophene ethylamine modified hyaluronic acid with its application on hepatocytes culture. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 88:157-165. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Yang MH, Chen KC, Chiang PW, Chung TW, Chen WJ, Chu PY, Chen SCJ, Lu YS, Yuan CH, Wang MC, Lin CY, Huang YF, Jong SB, Lin PC, Tyan YC. Proteomic Profiling of Neuroblastoma Cells Adhesion on Hyaluronic Acid-Based Surface for Neural Tissue Engineering. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:1917394. [PMID: 28053978 PMCID: PMC5174748 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1917394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 09/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The microenvironment of neuron cells plays a crucial role in regulating neural development and regeneration. Hyaluronic acid (HA) biomaterial has been applied in a wide range of medical and biological fields and plays important roles in neural regeneration. PC12 cells have been reported to be capable of endogenous NGF synthesis and secretion. The purpose of this research was to assess the effect of HA biomaterial combining with PC12 cells conditioned media (PC12 CM) in neural regeneration. Using SH-SY5Y cells as an experimental model, we found that supporting with PC12 CM enhanced HA function in SH-SY5Y cell proliferation and adhesion. Through RP-nano-UPLC-ESI-MS/MS analyses, we identified increased expression of HSP60 and RanBP2 in SH-SY5Y cells grown on HA-modified surface with cotreatment of PC12 CM. Moreover, we also identified factors that were secreted from PC12 cells and may promote SH-SY5Y cell proliferation and adhesion. Here, we proposed a biomaterial surface enriched with neurotrophic factors for nerve regeneration application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hui Yang
- Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Chin Chen
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen Chiang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Tze-Wen Chung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Jou Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yu Chu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Sharon Chia-Ju Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shan Lu
- Office of Safety, Health and Environment, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hui Yuan
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Chemical, Molecular and Materials Analysis Center, Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077
| | - Ming-Chen Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli 300, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yang Lin
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Fong Huang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Shiang-Bin Jong
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chiao Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chang Tyan
- Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
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Arulmoli J, Wright HJ, Phan DTT, Sheth U, Que RA, Botten GA, Keating M, Botvinick EL, Pathak MM, Zarembinski TI, Yanni DS, Razorenova OV, Hughes CCW, Flanagan LA. Combination scaffolds of salmon fibrin, hyaluronic acid, and laminin for human neural stem cell and vascular tissue engineering. Acta Biomater 2016; 43:122-138. [PMID: 27475528 PMCID: PMC5386322 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Human neural stem/progenitor cells (hNSPCs) are good candidates for treating central nervous system (CNS) trauma since they secrete beneficial trophic factors and differentiate into mature CNS cells; however, many cells die after transplantation. This cell death can be ameliorated by inclusion of a biomaterial scaffold, making identification of optimal scaffolds for hNSPCs a critical research focus. We investigated the properties of fibrin-based scaffolds and their effects on hNSPCs and found that fibrin generated from salmon fibrinogen and thrombin stimulates greater hNSPC proliferation than mammalian fibrin. Fibrin scaffolds degrade over the course of a few days in vivo, so we sought to develop a novel scaffold that would retain the beneficial properties of fibrin but degrade more slowly to provide longer support for hNSPCs. We found combination scaffolds of salmon fibrin with interpenetrating networks (IPNs) of hyaluronic acid (HA) with and without laminin polymerize more effectively than fibrin alone and generate compliant hydrogels matching the physical properties of brain tissue. Furthermore, combination scaffolds support hNSPC proliferation and differentiation while significantly attenuating the cell-mediated degradation seen with fibrin alone. HNSPCs express two fibrinogen-binding integrins, αVβ1 and α5β1, and several laminin binding integrins (α7β1, α6β1, α3β1) that can mediate interaction with the scaffold. Lastly, to test the ability of scaffolds to support vascularization, we analyzed human cord blood-derived endothelial cells alone and in co-culture with hNSPCs and found enhanced vessel formation and complexity in co-cultures within combination scaffolds. Overall, combination scaffolds of fibrin, HA, and laminin are excellent biomaterials for hNSPCs. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Interest has increased recently in the development of biomaterials as neural stem cell transplantation scaffolds to treat central nervous system (CNS) injury since scaffolds improve survival and integration of transplanted cells. We report here on a novel combination scaffold composed of fibrin, hyaluronic acid, and laminin to support human neural stem/progenitor cell (hNSPC) function. This combined biomaterial scaffold has appropriate physical properties for hNSPCs and the CNS, supports hNSPC proliferation and differentiation, and attenuates rapid cell-mediated scaffold degradation. The hNSPCs and scaffold components synergistically encourage new vessel formation from human endothelial cells. This work marks the first report of a combination scaffold supporting human neural and vascular cells to encourage vasculogenesis, and sets a benchmark for biomaterials to treat CNS injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janahan Arulmoli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Sue & Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Heather J Wright
- Sue & Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Duc T T Phan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Urmi Sheth
- Sue & Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Richard A Que
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Giovanni A Botten
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Mark Keating
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Elliot L Botvinick
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; The Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Medha M Pathak
- Sue & Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | | | - Daniel S Yanni
- Disc Comfort, Inc., 351 Hospital Road, Suite 202, Newport Beach, CA 92663, USA
| | - Olga V Razorenova
- Sue & Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Christopher C W Hughes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; The Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Lisa A Flanagan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Sue & Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
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Novel enzymatically cross-linked hyaluronan hydrogels support the formation of 3D neuronal networks. Biomaterials 2016; 99:47-55. [PMID: 27209262 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) is an essential component of the central nervous system's extracellular matrix and its high molecular weight (MW) form has anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic properties relevant for regenerative medicine. Here, we introduce a new hydrogel based on high MW HA which is cross-linked using the transglutaminase (TG) activity of the activated blood coagulation factor XIII (FXIIIa). These HA-TG gels have significant advantages for neural tissue engineering compared to previous HA gels. Due to their chemical inertness in the absence of FXIIIa, the material can be stored long-term, is stable in solution, and shows no cytotoxicity. The gelation is completely cell-friendly due to the specificity of the enzyme and the gelation rate can be tuned from seconds to hours at physiological pH and independently of stiffness. The gels are injectable, and attach covalently to fibrinogen and fibrin, two common bioactive components in in vitro tissue engineering, as well as proteins present in vivo, allowing the gels to covalently bind to brain or spinal cord defects. These optimal chemical and bioactive properties of HA-TG gels enabled the formation of 3D neuronal cultures of unprecedented performance, showing fast neurite outgrowth, axonal and dendritic speciation, strong synaptic connectivity in 3D networks, and rapidly-occurring and long-lasting coordinated electrical activity.
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