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Zhou H, Yuan J, Xu J, Wang Y, Xiong P, Zhao G, Jiang X, Peng Y, Ye Y, Cheng G, Zheng J, Liu J. Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Amino Acids Enabled by Quaternized Pyridinium Salt MALDI Probe. Anal Chem 2024. [PMID: 39149969 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
The distribution of small biomolecules, particularly amino acids (AAs), differs between normal cells and cancer cells. Imaging this distribution is crucial for gaining a deeper understanding of their physiological and pathological significance. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI MSI) provides accurate in situ visualization information. However, the analysis of AAs remains challenging due to the background interference by conventional MALDI matrices. On tissue chemical derivatization (OTCD) MSI serves as an important approach to resolve this issue. We designed, synthesized, and tested a series of pyridinium salt probes and screened out the 1-(4-(((2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)oxy)carbonyl)phenyl)-2,4,6-triphenylpyridin-1-ium (DCT) probe with the highest reaction efficiency and the most effective detection. Moreover, a quantum chemistry calculation was executed to address mechanistic insight into the chemical nature of the novel probes. DCT was found to map 20 common AAs in normal mouse tissues for the first time, which allowed differentiation of AA distribution in normal, normal interstitium, tumor, and tumor interstitium regions and provided potential mechanistic insights for cancer research and other biomedical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhou
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, P. R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Jie Yuan
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China
- Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201206, P. R. China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, P. R. China
| | - Pei Xiong
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Guode Zhao
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, P. R. China
| | - Xianhuan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, and Natural Products Chemistry Department, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Ying Peng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, P. R. China
| | - Yang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, and Natural Products Chemistry Department, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Gang Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Zheng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P. R. China
| | - Jia Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
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Poliaková Turan M, Riedo R, Medo M, Pozzato C, Friese-Hamim M, Koch JP, Coggins SA, Li Q, Kim B, Albers J, Aebersold DM, Zamboni N, Zimmer Y, Medová M. E2F1-Associated Purine Synthesis Pathway Is a Major Component of the MET-DNA Damage Response Network. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:1863-1880. [PMID: 38957115 PMCID: PMC11288008 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Various lines of investigation support a signaling interphase shared by receptor tyrosine kinases and the DNA damage response. However, the underlying network nodes and their contribution to the maintenance of DNA integrity remain unknown. We explored MET-related metabolic pathways in which interruption compromises proper resolution of DNA damage. Discovery metabolomics combined with transcriptomics identified changes in pathways relevant to DNA repair following MET inhibition (METi). METi by tepotinib was associated with the formation of γH2AX foci and with significant alterations in major metabolic circuits such as glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and purine, pyrimidine, amino acid, and lipid metabolism. 5'-Phosphoribosyl-N-formylglycinamide, a de novo purine synthesis pathway metabolite, was consistently decreased in in vitro and in vivo MET-dependent models, and METi-related depletion of dNTPs was observed. METi instigated the downregulation of critical purine synthesis enzymes including phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase, which catalyzes 5'-phosphoribosyl-N-formylglycinamide synthesis. Genes encoding these enzymes are regulated through E2F1, whose levels decrease upon METi in MET-driven cells and xenografts. Transient E2F1 overexpression prevented dNTP depletion and the concomitant METi-associated DNA damage in MET-driven cells. We conclude that DNA damage following METi results from dNTP reduction via downregulation of E2F1 and a consequent decline of de novo purine synthesis. SIGNIFICANCE Maintenance of genome stability prevents disease and affiliates with growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases. We identified de novo purine synthesis as a pathway in which key enzymatic players are regulated through MET receptor and whose depletion via MET targeting explains MET inhibition-associated formation of DNA double-strand breaks. The mechanistic importance of MET inhibition-dependent E2F1 downregulation for interference with DNA integrity has translational implications for MET-targeting-based treatment of malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Poliaková Turan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
- Department for BioMedical Research, Radiation Oncology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Rahel Riedo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
- Department for BioMedical Research, Radiation Oncology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Matúš Medo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
- Department for BioMedical Research, Radiation Oncology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Chiara Pozzato
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
- Department for BioMedical Research, Radiation Oncology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Manja Friese-Hamim
- Corporate Animal Using Vendor and Vivarium Governance (SQ-AV), Corporate Sustainability, Quality, Trade Compliance (SQ), Animal Affairs (SQ-A), The Healthcare Business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Jonas P. Koch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
- Department for BioMedical Research, Radiation Oncology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Si’Ana A. Coggins
- Center for Drug Discovery, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
| | - Qun Li
- Center for Drug Discovery, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
| | - Baek Kim
- Center for Drug Discovery, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung-Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Joachim Albers
- Research Unit Oncology, The Healthcare Business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Daniel M. Aebersold
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
- Department for BioMedical Research, Radiation Oncology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Nicola Zamboni
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
- PHRT Swiss Multi-Omics Center, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Yitzhak Zimmer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
- Department for BioMedical Research, Radiation Oncology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Michaela Medová
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
- Department for BioMedical Research, Radiation Oncology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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Cui W, Zhu S, Pan X, Zhang W, Wang T. Gold(III) Porphyrin-Metal-Polyphenolic Nanocomplexes: Breaking Intracellular Redox Environment for Enhancing Mild-Temperature Photothermal Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:30810-30818. [PMID: 38850233 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c04196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Photothermal therapy (PTT) is a promising clinical antitumor strategy. However, local hyperthermia inevitably induces heat damage to adjacent normal tissues, while alternative mild-temperature therapy (MPTT, T < 45 °C) is also inefficient due to the overexpressed hyperthermia-induced heat shock proteins (HSPs) by cancer cells. Therefore, developing PTT strategies with minimizing damage to healthy tissues with improved cellular temperature sensitivity is extremely valuable for clinical application. Herein, we proposed the strategy of disrupting the intracellular redox environment via destroying the ROS-defending systems to promote MPTT. The gold(III) porphyrin-Fe3+-tannic acid nanocomplexes (AuTPP@TA-Fe NPs) were achieved via interfacial cohesion and supramolecular assembly of bioadhesive species, which could trigger the Fenton reaction to produce ·OH radicals and downregulation of reductive TrxR enzyme and mitochondrial chaperone protein Hsp60. The aggravation of oxides and the inactivation of Hsp60 provide favorable pathways for impeding the heat shock-induced self-repair mechanism of cancer cells, which strengthens AuTPP@TA-Fe NPs mediated MPTT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Cui
- Life and Health Intelligent Research Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Life and Health Detection, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
| | - Shan Zhu
- Life and Health Intelligent Research Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Life and Health Detection, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
| | - Xiangmei Pan
- Life and Health Intelligent Research Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Life and Health Detection, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Life and Health Intelligent Research Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Life and Health Detection, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
| | - Tie Wang
- Life and Health Intelligent Research Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Life and Health Detection, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
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Sesink A, Becerra M, Ruan JL, Leboucher S, Dubail M, Heinrich S, Jdey W, Petersson K, Fouillade C, Berthault N, Dutreix M, Girard PM. The AsiDNA™ decoy mimicking DSBs protects the normal tissue from radiation toxicity through a DNA-PK/p53/p21-dependent G1/S arrest. NAR Cancer 2024; 6:zcae011. [PMID: 38476631 PMCID: PMC10928987 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcae011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
AsiDNA™, a cholesterol-coupled oligonucleotide mimicking double-stranded DNA breaks, was developed to sensitize tumour cells to radio- and chemotherapy. This drug acts as a decoy hijacking the DNA damage response. Previous studies have demonstrated that standalone AsiDNA™ administration is well tolerated with no additional adverse effects when combined with chemo- and/or radiotherapy. The lack of normal tissue complication encouraged further examination into the role of AsiDNA™ in normal cells. This research demonstrates the radioprotective properties of AsiDNA™. In vitro, AsiDNA™ induces a DNA-PK/p53/p21-dependent G1/S arrest in normal epithelial cells and fibroblasts that is absent in p53 deficient and proficient tumour cells. This cell cycle arrest improved survival after irradiation only in p53 proficient normal cells. Combined administration of AsiDNA™ with conventional radiotherapy in mouse models of late and early radiation toxicity resulted in decreased onset of lung fibrosis and increased intestinal crypt survival. Similar results were observed following FLASH radiotherapy in standalone or combined with AsiDNA™. Mechanisms comparable to those identified in vitro were detected both in vivo, in the intestine and ex vivo, in precision cut lung slices. Collectively, the results suggest that AsiDNA™ can partially protect healthy tissues from radiation toxicity by triggering a G1/S arrest in normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouk Sesink
- Institut Curie, Université PSL, CNRS UMR3347, INSERM U1021, 91405 Orsay, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 3347, INSERM U1021, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Margaux Becerra
- Institut Curie, Université PSL, CNRS UMR3347, INSERM U1021, 91405 Orsay, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 3347, INSERM U1021, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Jia-Ling Ruan
- Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, UK
| | - Sophie Leboucher
- Histology platform, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR3348, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Maxime Dubail
- Institut Curie, Université PSL, CNRS UMR3347, INSERM U1021, 91405 Orsay, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 3347, INSERM U1021, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Sophie Heinrich
- Institut Curie, Université PSL, CNRS UMR3347, INSERM U1021, 91405 Orsay, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 3347, INSERM U1021, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Wael Jdey
- Valerio Therapeutics, 49 Bd du Général Martial Valin, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Kristoffer Petersson
- Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, UK
- Radiation Physics, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Radiation Physics, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Charles Fouillade
- Institut Curie, Université PSL, CNRS UMR3347, INSERM U1021, 91405 Orsay, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 3347, INSERM U1021, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Nathalie Berthault
- Institut Curie, Université PSL, CNRS UMR3347, INSERM U1021, 91405 Orsay, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 3347, INSERM U1021, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Marie Dutreix
- Institut Curie, Université PSL, CNRS UMR3347, INSERM U1021, 91405 Orsay, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 3347, INSERM U1021, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Pierre-Marie Girard
- Institut Curie, Université PSL, CNRS UMR3347, INSERM U1021, 91405 Orsay, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 3347, INSERM U1021, 91405 Orsay, France
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Peng X, Zheng J, Liu T, Zhou Z, Song C, Geng Y, Wang Z, Huang Y. Tumor Microenvironment Heterogeneity, Potential Therapeutic Avenues, and Emerging Therapies. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2024; 24:288-307. [PMID: 37537777 DOI: 10.2174/1568009623666230712095021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This review describes the comprehensive portrait of tumor microenvironment (TME). Additionally, we provided a panoramic perspective on the transformation and functions of the diverse constituents in TME, and the underlying mechanisms of drug resistance, beginning with the immune cells and metabolic dynamics within TME. Lastly, we summarized the most auspicious potential therapeutic strategies. RESULTS TME is a unique realm crafted by malignant cells to withstand the onslaught of endogenous and exogenous therapies. Recent research has revealed many small-molecule immunotherapies exhibiting auspicious outcomes in preclinical investigations. Furthermore, some pro-immune mechanisms have emerged as a potential avenue. With the advent of nanosystems and precision targeting, targeted therapy has now transcended the "comfort zone" erected by cancer cells within TME. CONCLUSION The ceaseless metamorphosis of TME fosters the intransigent resilience and proliferation of tumors. However, existing therapies have yet to surmount the formidable obstacles posed by TME. Therefore, scientists should investigate potential avenues for therapeutic intervention and design innovative pharmacological and clinical technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Peng
- Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Jingfan Zheng
- Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Tianzi Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Ziwen Zhou
- Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Chen Song
- Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yan Geng
- Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zichuan Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
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Sever T, Ellidokuz EB, Basbinar Y, Ellidokuz H, Yilmaz ÖH, Calibasi-Kocal G. Beta-Hydroxybutyrate Augments Oxaliplatin-Induced Cytotoxicity by Altering Energy Metabolism in Colorectal Cancer Organoids. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5724. [PMID: 38136270 PMCID: PMC10741617 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15245724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Deregulation of cellular metabolism has recently emerged as a notable cancer characteristic. This reprogramming of key metabolic pathways supports tumor growth. Targeting cancer metabolism demonstrates the potential for managing colorectal cancer. Beta-hydroxybutyrate (BOHB) acts as an acetyl-CoA source for the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, possibly redirecting energy metabolic pathways towards the TCA cycle that could enhance sensitivity to oxaliplatin, through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study explores the potential of BOHB to enhance oxaliplatin's cytotoxic effect by altering the energy metabolism in colorectal cancer. The study employed advanced in vitro organoid technology, which successfully emulates in vivo physiology. The combination treatment efficacy of BOHB and oxaliplatin was evaluated via cell viability assay. The levels of key proteins involved in energy metabolism, apoptotic pathways, DNA damage markers, and histone acetylation were analyzed via Western Blot. ROS levels were evaluated via flow cytometer. Non-toxic doses of BOHB with oxaliplatin significantly amplified cytotoxicity in colorectal cancer organoids. Treatment with BOHB and/or melatonin resulted in significantly decreased lactate dehydrogenase A and increased mitochondrial carrier protein 2 levels, indicating inhibited aerobic glycolysis and an increased oxidative phosphorylation rate. This metabolic shift induced apoptotic cell death mediated by oxaliplatin, owing to high levels of ROS. Melatonin counteracted this effect by protecting cancer cells from high oxidative stress conditions. BOHB may enhance the efficacy of chemotherapeutics with a similar mechanism of action to oxaliplatin in colorectal cancer treatment. These innovative combinations could improve treatment outcomes for colorectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tolga Sever
- Department of Translational Oncology, Institute of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ender Berat Ellidokuz
- Department of Internal Diseases, Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Basbinar
- Department of Translational Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Hulya Ellidokuz
- Department of Preventive Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ömer H. Yilmaz
- Department of Biology, The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Gizem Calibasi-Kocal
- Department of Translational Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340 Izmir, Turkey
- Department of Biology, The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;
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Jenkins H, MacLean L, McClean S, Cooke G, Devereux M, Howe O, Pereira MD, May NV, Enyedy ÉA, Creaven BS. Structural and solution speciation studies on selected [Cu(NN)(OO)] complexes and an investigation of their biomimetic activity, ROS generation and their cytotoxicity in normoxic, hypoxic and anoxic environments in MCF-7 breast cancer-derived cells. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 249:112383. [PMID: 37804698 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species(ROS) generation with subsequent DNA damage is one of the principle mechanisms of action assigned to copper-based anticancer complexes. The efficacy of this type of chemotherapeutic may be reduced in the low oxygen environment of tumours. In this study the cytotoxicity of three complexes, [Cu(dips)(phen)] (1), [Cu(ph)(phen)]·2H2O (2) and [Cu(ph)(bpy)]·H2O (3) (disp: 3,5-diisopropylsalicylate, phen: 1,10- phenanthroline, ph: phthalate, bpy: 2,2'-bipyridyl) were assessed for anticancer activity in the breast-cancer derived MCF-7 line under normoxic, hypoxic and anoxic conditions. In an immortalised keratinocyte HaCaT cell line, the cytotoxicity of complexes 2 and 3 was significantly reduced under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions, whilst the cytotoxicity of complex 1 was increased under hypoxic conditions. The ability of the complexes to generate ROS in the MCF-7 cell line was evaluated as was their ability to act as superoxide dismutase(SOD) and catalase mimics using a yeast cell assay. ROS generation was significant for complexes 2 and 3, less so for complex 1 though all three complexes had SOD mimetic ability. Given the ternary nature of the complexes, solution speciation studies were undertaken but were only successful for complex 3, due to solubility issues with the other two complexes. The concentration distribution of various species, formed in aqueous solution, was evaluated as a function of pH and confirmed that complex 3 is the dominant species at physiological pH in the mM concentration range. However, as its concentration diminishes, it experiences a progressive dissociation, leading to the formation of binary complexes of bpy alongside unbound phthalate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hollie Jenkins
- Centre of Applied Science for Health, TU Dublin, Tallaght Campus, D24 FKT9, Ireland
| | - Louise MacLean
- Centre of Applied Science for Health, TU Dublin, Tallaght Campus, D24 FKT9, Ireland
| | - Siobhán McClean
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Gordon Cooke
- Centre of Applied Science for Health, TU Dublin, Tallaght Campus, D24 FKT9, Ireland; School of Chemical and BioPharmaceutical Sciences, Technological University Dublin, Central Quad Building, Grangegorman, Dublin D07 ADY7, Ireland
| | - Michael Devereux
- Centre for Biomimetic and Therapeutic Research, Focas Research Institute, TU Dublin, Camden Row, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Orla Howe
- Centre for Biomimetic and Therapeutic Research, Focas Research Institute, TU Dublin, Camden Row, Dublin 8, Ireland; School of Biological, Health and Sport Sciences, TU Dublin, City Campus, D07 XT95, Ireland
| | - Marcos D Pereira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Rede de Micrologia - FAPERJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nóra V May
- Centre for Structural Sciences, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - Éva A Enyedy
- Departmen of Molecular and Analytical Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre and MTA-SZTE Lendület Functional Metal Complexes Research Group, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
| | - Bernadette S Creaven
- Centre of Applied Science for Health, TU Dublin, Tallaght Campus, D24 FKT9, Ireland; School of Chemical and BioPharmaceutical Sciences, Technological University Dublin, Central Quad Building, Grangegorman, Dublin D07 ADY7, Ireland.
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8
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Tang Z, Wang K, Lo L, Chen J. Tg(Δ113p53:cmyc) Transgene Upregulates glut1 Expression to Promote Zebrafish Heart Regeneration. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:246. [PMID: 37367411 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10060246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The heart switches its main metabolic substrate from glucose to fatty acids shortly after birth, which is one of reasons for the loss of heart regeneration capability in adult mammals. On the contrary, metabolic shifts from oxidative phosphorylation to glucose metabolism promote cardiomyocyte (CM) proliferation after heart injury. However, how glucose transportation in CMs is regulated during heart regeneration is still not fully understood. In this report, we found that the expression of Glut1 (slc2a1) was upregulated around the injury site of zebrafish heart, accompanied by an increase in glucose uptake at the injury area. Knockout of slc2a1a impaired zebrafish heart regeneration. Our previous study has demonstrated that the expression of Δ113p53 is activated after heart injury and Δ113p53+ CMs undergo proliferation to contribute to zebrafish heart regeneration. Next, we used the Δ113p53 promoter to generate the Tg(Δ113p53:cmyc) zebrafish transgenic line. Conditional overexpression of cmyc not only significantly promoted zebrafish CM proliferation and heart regeneration but also significantly enhanced glut1 expression at the injury site. Inhibiting Glut1 diminished the increase in CM proliferation in Tg(Δ113p53:cmyc) injured hearts of zebrafish. Therefore, our results suggest that the activation of cmyc promotes heart regeneration through upregulating the expression of glut1 to speed up glucose transportation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zimu Tang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, College of Life Sciences, Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Kaiyuan Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, College of Life Sciences, Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lijian Lo
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jun Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, College of Life Sciences, Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Ganjoo S, Gupta P, Corbali HI, Nanez S, Riad TS, Duong LK, Barsoumian HB, Masrorpour F, Jiang H, Welsh JW, Cortez MA. The role of tumor metabolism in modulating T-Cell activity and in optimizing immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1172931. [PMID: 37180129 PMCID: PMC10169689 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1172931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment and revitalized efforts to harness the power of the immune system to combat a variety of cancer types more effectively. However, low clinical response rates and differences in outcomes due to variations in the immune landscape among patients with cancer continue to be major limitations to immunotherapy. Recent efforts to improve responses to immunotherapy have focused on targeting cellular metabolism, as the metabolic characteristics of cancer cells can directly influence the activity and metabolism of immune cells, particularly T cells. Although the metabolic pathways of various cancer cells and T cells have been extensively reviewed, the intersections among these pathways, and their potential use as targets for improving responses to immune-checkpoint blockade therapies, are not completely understood. This review focuses on the interplay between tumor metabolites and T-cell dysfunction as well as the relationship between several T-cell metabolic patterns and T-cell activity/function in tumor immunology. Understanding these relationships could offer new avenues for improving responses to immunotherapy on a metabolic basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shonik Ganjoo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Priti Gupta
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Halil Ibrahim Corbali
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Selene Nanez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Thomas S. Riad
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Lisa K. Duong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Hampartsoum B. Barsoumian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Fatemeh Masrorpour
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - James W. Welsh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Maria Angelica Cortez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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10
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Zheng X, Ma H, Wang J, Huang M, Fu D, Qin L, Yin Q. Energy metabolism pathways in breast cancer progression: The reprogramming, crosstalk, and potential therapeutic targets. Transl Oncol 2022; 26:101534. [PMID: 36113343 PMCID: PMC9482139 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a malignant tumor that seriously endangers health in women. BC, like other cancers, is accompanied by metabolic reprogramming. Among energy metabolism-related pathways, BC exhibits enhanced glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), glutamate metabolism, and fatty acid metabolism activities. These pathways facilitate the proliferation, growth and migration of BC cells. The progression of BC is closely related to the alterations in the activity or expression level of several metabolic enzymes, which are regulated by the intrinsic factors such as the key signaling and transcription factors. The metabolic reprogramming in the progression of BC is attributed to the aberrant expression of the signaling and transcription factors associated with the energy metabolism pathways. Understanding the metabolic mechanisms underlying the development of BC will provide a druggable potential for BC treatment and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewei Zheng
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Haodi Ma
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Mengjiao Huang
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Dongliao Fu
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Qinan Yin
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
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11
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Torres-Quesada O, Doerrier C, Strich S, Gnaiger E, Stefan E. Physiological Cell Culture Media Tune Mitochondrial Bioenergetics and Drug Sensitivity in Cancer Cell Models. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14163917. [PMID: 36010911 PMCID: PMC9405899 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14163917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cell biologists trust in standard media for analyzing cellular functions and for the specification of target-oriented drug efficacies in cell culture settings. Here, we present a general applicable workflow for the constant monitoring of bioenergetic states of cells grown in 2D cell models to accompany tailored drug discovery efforts. Using in-depth high-resolution respirometry analyses (HRR) of mitochondrial function, we unveiled that the human-plasma-like media (HPLM) altered cellular energetic states. In a systematic HRR setup for drug profiling experiments, we revealed an unexpected side effect of an FDA-approved cancer drug on mitochondrial function, exclusively in HPLM. Thus, we believe that both the recordings of bioenergetic states and the use of more physiological media would improve and reshape cell-based drug discovery ventures. Abstract Two-dimensional cell cultures are established models in research for studying and perturbing cell-type specific functions. However, many limitations apply to the cell growth in a monolayer using standard cell culture media. Although they have been used for decades, their formulations do not mimic the composition of the human cell environment. In this study, we analyzed the impact of a newly formulated human plasma-like media (HPLM) on cell proliferation, mitochondrial bioenergetics, and alterations of drug efficacies using three distinct cancer cell lines. Using high-resolution respirometry, we observed that cells grown in HPLM displayed significantly altered mitochondrial bioenergetic profiles, particularly related to mitochondrial density and mild uncoupling of respiration. Furthermore, in contrast to standard media, the growth of cells in HPLM unveiled mitochondrial dysfunction upon exposure to the FDA-approved kinase inhibitor sunitinib. This seemingly context-dependent side effect of this drug highlights that the selection of the cell culture medium influences the assessment of cancer drug sensitivities. Thus, we suggest to prioritize media with a more physiological composition for analyzing bioenergetic profiles and to take it into account for assigning drug efficacies in the cell culture model of choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Torres-Quesada
- Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute (TKFI), Innrain 66, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Institute of Biochemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Correspondence: (O.T.-Q.); (E.S.)
| | | | - Sophie Strich
- Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute (TKFI), Innrain 66, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Erich Gnaiger
- Oroboros Instruments, Schoepfstrasse 18, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Eduard Stefan
- Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute (TKFI), Innrain 66, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Institute of Biochemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Correspondence: (O.T.-Q.); (E.S.)
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12
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Li X, Wang Z. Mechanisms of reactive oxygen species in oral lichen planus: A literature review. EUR J INFLAMM 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x221104389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral lichen planus is a chronic non-infectious mucosal inflammatory disease caused by an imbalance between reactive oxygen species homeostasis and antioxidant defense systems. Notably, excessive oxidative stress products result in related autoimmune reactions. Further, it activates signaling pathways related to the development of oral lichen planus, as evidenced by the detection of damage to deoxyribonucleic acid, protein, and lipid. Thus, the mechanisms of reactive oxygen species-mediated oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus are numerous and complex. In this review, we first introduce oxidative stress and oxidative products. Then, we summarize the role and possible mechanisms of reactive oxygen species-mediated oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus and present a clinical correlation between oxidative stress and oral lichen planus. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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13
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Kubik J, Humeniuk E, Adamczuk G, Madej-Czerwonka B, Korga-Plewko A. Targeting Energy Metabolism in Cancer Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105572. [PMID: 35628385 PMCID: PMC9146201 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second most common cause of death worldwide after cardiovascular diseases. The development of molecular and biochemical techniques has expanded the knowledge of changes occurring in specific metabolic pathways of cancer cells. Increased aerobic glycolysis, the promotion of anaplerotic responses, and especially the dependence of cells on glutamine and fatty acid metabolism have become subjects of study. Despite many cancer treatment strategies, many patients with neoplastic diseases cannot be completely cured due to the development of resistance in cancer cells to currently used therapeutic approaches. It is now becoming a priority to develop new treatment strategies that are highly effective and have few side effects. In this review, we present the current knowledge of the enzymes involved in the different steps of glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the pentose phosphate pathway, and possible targeted therapies. The review also focuses on presenting the differences between cancer cells and normal cells in terms of metabolic phenotype. Knowledge of cancer cell metabolism is constantly evolving, and further research is needed to develop new strategies for anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kubik
- Independent Medical Biology Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (J.K.); (G.A.); (A.K.-P.)
| | - Ewelina Humeniuk
- Independent Medical Biology Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (J.K.); (G.A.); (A.K.-P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-81-448-65-20
| | - Grzegorz Adamczuk
- Independent Medical Biology Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (J.K.); (G.A.); (A.K.-P.)
| | - Barbara Madej-Czerwonka
- Human Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Korga-Plewko
- Independent Medical Biology Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (J.K.); (G.A.); (A.K.-P.)
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14
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Al-Bashaireh AM, Khraisat O, Alnazly EK, Aldiqs M. Inflammatory Markers, Metabolic Profile, and Psychoneurological Symptoms in Women with Breast Cancer: A Literature Review. Cureus 2021; 13:e19953. [PMID: 34976536 PMCID: PMC8713038 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.19953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in women. The improvement in breast cancer treatment has significantly increased the proportion of survival rate for women with breast cancer. Despite the advancement in breast cancer treatment, a great proportion of survivors suffer from co-occurring psychoneurological symptoms which impact their quality of life. The most frequently reported psychoneurological symptoms among women with breast cancer are depressive symptoms, anxiety, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and pain. These symptoms usually appear as a cluster. Inflammatory activation and serum metabolic alterations have been associated with the etiology of cancer and with various chronic neurocognitive disorders. However, to date, no studies considered the combined effects of inflammatory markers and metabolites in the development of psychoneurological symptoms in women with breast cancer especially those who were treated with chemotherapy. Further clarification of the relationships between the inflammatory markers, serum metabolic alterations, and psychoneurological symptoms in women with breast cancer should be pursued.
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15
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Shriwas P, Roberts D, Li Y, Wang L, Qian Y, Bergmeier S, Hines J, Adhicary S, Nielsen C, Chen X. A small-molecule pan-class I glucose transporter inhibitor reduces cancer cell proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo by targeting glucose-based metabolism. Cancer Metab 2021; 9:14. [PMID: 33771231 PMCID: PMC8004435 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-021-00248-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer cells drastically increase the uptake of glucose and glucose metabolism by overexpressing class I glucose transporters (GLUT1-4) to meet their energy and biomass synthesis needs and are very sensitive and vulnerable to glucose deprivation. Although targeting glucose uptake via GLUTs has been an attractive anticancer strategy, the relative anticancer efficacy of multi-GLUT targeting or single GLUT targeting is unclear. Here, we report DRB18, a synthetic small molecule, is a potent anticancer compound whose pan-class I GLUT inhibition is superior to single GLUT targeting. METHODS Glucose uptake and MTT/resazurin assays were used to measure DRB18's inhibitory activities of glucose transport and cell viability/proliferation in human lung cancer and other cancer cell lines. Four HEK293 cell lines expressing GLUT1-4 individually were used to determine the IC50 values of DRB18's inhibitory activity of glucose transport. Docking studies were performed to investigate the potential direct interaction of DRB18 with GLUT1-4. Metabolomics analysis was performed to identify metabolite changes in A549 lung cancer cells treated with DRB18. DRB18 was used to treat A549 tumor-bearing nude mice. The GLUT1 gene was knocked out to determine how the KO of the gene affected tumor growth. RESULTS DRB18 reduced glucose uptake mediated via each of GLUT1-4 with different IC50s, which match with the docking glidescores with a correlation coefficient of 0.858. Metabolomics analysis revealed that DRB18 altered energy-related metabolism in A549 cells by changing the abundance of metabolites in glucose-related pathways in vitro and in vivo. DRB18 eventually led to G1/S phase arrest and increased oxidative stress and necrotic cell death. IP injection of DRB18 in A549 tumor-bearing nude mice at 10 mg/kg body weight thrice a week led to a significant reduction in the tumor volume compared with mock-treated tumors. In contrast, the knockout of the GLUT1 gene did not reduce tumor volume. CONCLUSIONS DRB18 is a potent pan-class I GLUT inhibitor in vitro and in vivo in cancer cells. Mechanistically, it is likely to bind the outward open conformation of GLUT1-4, reducing tumor growth through inhibiting GLUT1-4-mediated glucose transport and metabolisms. Pan-class I GLUT inhibition is a better strategy than single GLUT targeting for inhibiting tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratik Shriwas
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA.,Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA.,Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - Dennis Roberts
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - Yunsheng Li
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - Liyi Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - Yanrong Qian
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - Stephen Bergmeier
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA.,Translational Biomedical Sciences Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - Jennifer Hines
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - Subhodip Adhicary
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA.,Translational Biomedical Sciences Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - Corinne Nielsen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA.,Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA.,Translational Biomedical Sciences Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - Xiaozhuo Chen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA. .,Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA. .,Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA. .,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA. .,Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, 172 Water Tower Drive, Athens, OH, 43701, USA.
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16
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Bedair TM, Heo Y, Ryu J, Bedair HM, Park W, Han DK. Biocompatible and functional inorganic magnesium ceramic particles for biomedical applications. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:1903-1923. [PMID: 33506843 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01934h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Magnesium ceramics hold promise for numerous biological applications. This review covers the synthesis of magnesium ceramic particles with specific morphologies and potential modification techniques. Magnesium ceramic particles possess multiple characteristics directly applicable to human biology; they are anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, and offer anti-cancer effects. Based on these advantages, magnesium hydroxide nanoparticles have been extensively utilized across biomedical fields. In a vascular stent, the incorporation of magnesium ceramic nanoparticles enhances re-endothelialization. Additionally, tissue regeneration for bone, cartilage, and kidney can be promoted by magnesium ceramics. This review enables researchers to identify the optimum synthetic conditions to prepare magnesium ceramics with specific morphologies and sizes and select the appropriate modification protocols. It is also intended to elucidate the desirable physicochemical properties and biological benefits of magnesium ceramics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek M Bedair
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi 13488, Korea.
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17
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Circumventing the Crabtree effect: forcing oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) via galactose medium increases sensitivity of HepG2 cells to the purine derivative kinetin riboside. Apoptosis 2020; 25:835-852. [PMID: 32955614 PMCID: PMC7679298 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-020-01637-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Small-molecule compound-based therapies have provided new insights into cancer treatment against mitochondrial impairment. N6-furfuryladenosine (kinetin riboside, KR) is a purine derivative and an anticancer agent that selectively affects the molecular pathways crucial for cell growth and apoptosis by interfering with mitochondrial functions and thus might be a potential mitotoxicant. Metabolism of cancer cells is predominantly based on the Crabtree effect that relies on glucose-induced inhibition of cell respiration and thus on oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), which supports the survival of cancer cells in metabolic stress conditions. The simplest way to circumvent this phenomenon is to replace glucose with galactose in the culture environment. Consequently, cells become more sensitive to mitochondrial perturbations caused by mitotoxicants. In the present study, we evaluated several cellular parameters and investigated the effect of KR on mitochondrial functions in HepG2 cells forced to rely mainly on OXPHOS. We showed that KR in the galactose environment is a more potent apoptosis-inducing agent. KR decreases the mitochondrial membrane potential, reduces glutathione level, depletes cellular ATP, and induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in the OXPHOS state, leading to the loss of cell viability. Taken together, these results demonstrate that KR directly acts on the mitochondria to limit their function and that the sensitivity of cells is dependent on their ability to cope with energetic stress.
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18
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Roy T, Bhattacharjee P. A LabVIEW-based real-time modeling approach for detection of abnormalities in cancer cells. GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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19
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Alföldi R, Balog JÁ, Faragó N, Halmai M, Kotogány E, Neuperger P, Nagy LI, Fehér LZ, Szebeni GJ, Puskás LG. Single Cell Mass Cytometry of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells Reveals Complexity of In vivo And Three-Dimensional Models over the Petri-dish. Cells 2019; 8:E1093. [PMID: 31527554 PMCID: PMC6770097 DOI: 10.3390/cells8091093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Single cell genomics and proteomics with the combination of innovative three-dimensional (3D) cell culture techniques can open new avenues toward the understanding of intra-tumor heterogeneity. Here, we characterize lung cancer markers using single cell mass cytometry to compare different in vitro cell culturing methods: two-dimensional (2D), carrier-free, or bead-based 3D culturing with in vivo xenografts. Proliferation, viability, and cell cycle phase distribution has been investigated. Gene expression analysis enabled the selection of markers that were overexpressed: TMEM45A, SLC16A3, CD66, SLC2A1, CA9, CD24, or repressed: EGFR either in vivo or in long-term 3D cultures. Additionally, TRA-1-60, pan-keratins, CD326, Galectin-3, and CD274, markers with known clinical significance have been investigated at single cell resolution. The described twelve markers convincingly highlighted a unique pattern reflecting intra-tumor heterogeneity of 3D samples and in vivo A549 lung cancer cells. In 3D systems CA9, CD24, and EGFR showed higher expression than in vivo. Multidimensional single cell proteome profiling revealed that 3D cultures represent a transition from 2D to in vivo conditions by intermediate marker expression of TRA-1-60, TMEM45A, pan-keratin, CD326, MCT4, Gal-3, CD66, GLUT1, and CD274. Therefore, 3D cultures of NSCLC cells bearing more putative cancer targets should be used in drug screening as the preferred technique rather than the Petri-dish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Róbert Alföldi
- Avicor Ltd., H6726 Szeged, Hungary;
- University of Szeged, PhD School in Biology, H6726 Szeged, Hungary;
- AstridBio Technologies Ltd., H6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - József Á. Balog
- University of Szeged, PhD School in Biology, H6726 Szeged, Hungary;
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, HAS BRC, H6726 Szeged, Hungary; (N.F.); (M.H.); (E.K.)
| | - Nóra Faragó
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, HAS BRC, H6726 Szeged, Hungary; (N.F.); (M.H.); (E.K.)
- Avidin Ltd., H6726 Szeged, Hungary; (L.I.N.); (L.Z.F.)
- Research Group for Cortical Microcircuits of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, H6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Miklós Halmai
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, HAS BRC, H6726 Szeged, Hungary; (N.F.); (M.H.); (E.K.)
| | - Edit Kotogány
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, HAS BRC, H6726 Szeged, Hungary; (N.F.); (M.H.); (E.K.)
| | - Patrícia Neuperger
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, HAS BRC, H6726 Szeged, Hungary; (N.F.); (M.H.); (E.K.)
| | - Lajos I. Nagy
- Avidin Ltd., H6726 Szeged, Hungary; (L.I.N.); (L.Z.F.)
| | | | - Gábor J. Szebeni
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, HAS BRC, H6726 Szeged, Hungary; (N.F.); (M.H.); (E.K.)
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, H6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - László G. Puskás
- Avicor Ltd., H6726 Szeged, Hungary;
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, HAS BRC, H6726 Szeged, Hungary; (N.F.); (M.H.); (E.K.)
- Avidin Ltd., H6726 Szeged, Hungary; (L.I.N.); (L.Z.F.)
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20
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Ito Y, Nakajima K, Masubuchi Y, Kikuchi S, Saito F, Akahori Y, Jin M, Yoshida T, Shibutani M. Differential responses on energy metabolic pathway reprogramming between genotoxic and non-genotoxic hepatocarcinogens in rat liver cells. J Toxicol Pathol 2019; 32:261-274. [PMID: 31719753 PMCID: PMC6831489 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2019-0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To clarify difference in the responses on the reprogramming of metabolism toward carcinogenesis between genotoxic and non-genotoxic hepatocarcinogens in the liver, rats were repeatedly administered genotoxic hepatocarcinogens (N-nitrosodiethylamine, aflatoxin B1, N-nitrosopyrrolidine, or carbadox) or non-genotoxic hepatocarcinogens (carbon tetrachloride, thioacetamide, or methapyrilene hydrochloride) for 28, 84, or 90 days. Non-genotoxic hepatocarcinogens revealed transcript expression changes suggestive of suppressed mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) after 28 days and increased glutathione S-transferase placental form-positive (GST-P+) foci downregulating adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase subunit beta, mitochondrial precursor (ATPB), compared with genotoxic hepatocarcinogens after 84 or 90 days, suggesting that non-genotoxic hepatocarcinogens are prone to suppress OXPHOS from the early stage of treatment, which is in contrast to genotoxic hepatocarcinogens. Both genotoxic and non-genotoxic hepatocarcinogens upregulated glycolytic enzyme genes and increased cellular membrane solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1 (GLUT1) expression in GST-P+ foci for up to 90 days, suggesting induction of a metabolic shift from OXPHOS to glycolysis at early hepatocarcinogenesis by hepatocarcinogens unrelated to genotoxic potential. Non-genotoxic hepatocarcinogens increased c-MYC+ cells after 28 days and downregulated Tp53 after 84 or 90 days, suggesting a commitment to enhanced metabolic shift and cell proliferation. Genotoxic hepatocarcinogens also enhanced c-MYC activation-related metabolic shift until 84 or 90 days. In addition, both genotoxic and non-genotoxic hepatocarcinogens upregulated glutaminolysis-related Slc1a5 or Gls, or both, after 28 days and induced liver cell foci immunoreactive for neutral amino acid transporter B(0) (SLC1A5) in the subpopulation of GST-P+ foci after 84 or 90 days, suggesting glutaminolysis-mediated facilitation of cell proliferation toward hepatocarcinogenesis. These results suggest differential responses between genotoxic and non-genotoxic hepatocarcinogens on reprogramming of energy metabolic pathways toward carcinogenesis in liver cells from the early stage of hepatocarcinogen treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Ito
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.,Pathogenetic Veterinary Science, United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu-shi, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Kota Nakajima
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.,Pathogenetic Veterinary Science, United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu-shi, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Yasunori Masubuchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.,Pathogenetic Veterinary Science, United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu-shi, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Satomi Kikuchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.,Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Fumiyo Saito
- Chemicals Evaluation and Research Institute, Japan, 1-4-25 Kouraku, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-0004, Japan
| | - Yumi Akahori
- Chemicals Evaluation and Research Institute, Japan, 1-4-25 Kouraku, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-0004, Japan
| | - Meilan Jin
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, College of Animal Science and Technology Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, No.2 Tiansheng Road, BeiBei District, Chongqing 400715, P.R. China
| | - Toshinori Yoshida
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.,Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Makoto Shibutani
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.,Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.,Institute of Global Innovation Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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21
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Xia Y, Kang TW, Jung YD, Zhang C, Lian S. Sulforaphane Inhibits Nonmuscle Invasive Bladder Cancer Cells Proliferation through Suppression of HIF-1α-Mediated Glycolysis in Hypoxia. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:7844-7854. [PMID: 31241937 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is the fourth common cancer among men and more than 70% of the bladder cancer is nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Because of its high recurrence rate, NMIBC brings to patients physical agony and high therapy costs to the patients' family and society. It is imperative to seek a natural compound to inhibit bladder cancer cell growth and prevent bladder cancer recurrence. Cell proliferation is one of the main features of solid tumor development, and the rapid tumor cell growth usually leads to hypoxia due to the low oxygen environment. In this study we found that sulforaphane, a natural chemical which was abundant in cruciferous vegetables, could suppress bladder cancer cells proliferation in hypoxia significantly stronger than in normoxia (p < 0.05): 20 μM sulforaphane inhibited bladder cancer cell proliferation by 26.1 ± 4.1% in normoxia, while it inhibited cell proliferation by 39.7 ± 5.2% in hypoxia in RT112 cells. Consistently, sulforaphane inhibited cell proliferation by 29.7 ± 4.6% in normoxia, while it inhibited cell proliferation by 48.3 ± 5.2% in hypoxia in RT4 cells. Moreover, we revealed that sulforaphane decreased glycolytic metabolism in a hypoxia microenvironment by downregulating hypoxia-induced HIF-1α and blocking HIF-1α trans-localization to the nucleus in NMIBC cell lines. This study discovered a food sourced compound inhibiting bladder cancer cells proliferation and provided experimental evidence for developing a new bladder cancer preventive and therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xia
- Department of Urology , New York University School of Medicine , 423E 23ST , New York , New York 10010 , United States
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences , Chonnam National University Medical School , Gwangju , 501-190 , Korea
| | - Taek Won Kang
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences , Chonnam National University Medical School , Gwangju , 501-190 , Korea
| | - Young Do Jung
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences , Chonnam National University Medical School , Gwangju , 501-190 , Korea
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou Guangdong , 510515 , China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510515 , China
| | - Sen Lian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou Guangdong , 510515 , China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510515 , China
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22
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Savin CL, Tiron C, Carasevici E, Stan CS, Ibanescu SA, Simionescu BC, Peptu CA. Entrapment of N-Hydroxyphthalimide Carbon Dots in Different Topical Gel Formulations: New Composites with Anticancer Activity. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11070303. [PMID: 31266139 PMCID: PMC6680570 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11070303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the antitumoral potential of three gel formulations loaded with carbon dots prepared from N-hydroxyphthalimide (CD-NHF) was examined and the influence of the gels on two types of skin melanoma cell lines and two types of breast cancer cell lines in 2D (cultured cells in normal plastic plates) and 3D (Matrigel) models was investigated. Antitumoral gels based on sodium alginate (AS), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and the carbomer Ultrez 10 (CARB) loaded with CD-NHF were developed according to an adapted method reported by Hellerbach. Viscoelastic properties of CD-NHF-loaded gels were analyzed by rheological analysis. Also, for both CD-NHF and CD-NHF-loaded gels, the fluorescence properties were analyzed. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, and mitochondrial activity were analyzed according to basic methods used to evaluate modulatory activities of putative anticancer agents, which include reference cancer cell line culture assays in both classic 2D and 3D cultures. Using the rheological measurements, the mechanical properties of gel formulations were analyzed; all samples presented gel-like rheological characteristics. The presence of CD-NHF within the gels induces a slight decrease of the dynamic moduli, indicating a flexible gel structure. The fluorescence investigations showed that for the gel-loaded CD-NHF, the most intense emission peak was located at 370 nm (upon excitation at 330 nm). 3D cell cultures displayed visibly larger structure of tumor cells with less active phenotype appearance. The in vitro results for tested CD-NHF-loaded gel formulations revealed that the new composites are able to affect the number, size, and cellular organization of spheroids and impact individual tumor cell ability to proliferate and aggregate in spheroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina-Lenuta Savin
- Department of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iasi, 71, Prof., Dr. Docent Dimitrie Mangeron Street, 700050 Iasi, Romania
| | - Crina Tiron
- Regional Institute of Oncology, 2-4, General Henri Mathias Berthelot Street, 700483 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Eugen Carasevici
- Regional Institute of Oncology, 2-4, General Henri Mathias Berthelot Street, 700483 Iasi, Romania
| | - Corneliu S Stan
- Department of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iasi, 71, Prof., Dr. Docent Dimitrie Mangeron Street, 700050 Iasi, Romania
| | - Sorin Alexandru Ibanescu
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Aleea Grigore Ghica Vodă street, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Bogdan C Simionescu
- Department of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iasi, 71, Prof., Dr. Docent Dimitrie Mangeron Street, 700050 Iasi, Romania
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Aleea Grigore Ghica Vodă street, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Catalina A Peptu
- Department of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iasi, 71, Prof., Dr. Docent Dimitrie Mangeron Street, 700050 Iasi, Romania.
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23
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Negron K, Khalasawi N, Lu B, Ho CY, Lee J, Shenoy S, Mao HQ, Wang TH, Hanes J, Suk JS. Widespread gene transfer to malignant gliomas with In vitro-to-In vivo correlation. J Control Release 2019; 303:1-11. [PMID: 30978431 PMCID: PMC6579670 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy of malignant gliomas has shown a lack of clinical success to date due in part to inability of conventional gene vectors to achieve widespread gene transfer throughout highly disseminated tumor areas within the brain. Here, we demonstrate that newly engineered polymer-based DNA-loaded nanoparticles (DNA-NP) possessing small particle diameters (~50 nm) and non-adhesive surface polyethylene glycol (PEG) coatings efficiently penetrate brain tumor tissue as well as healthy brain parenchyma. Specifically, this brain-penetrating nanoparticle (BPN), following intracranial administration via convection enhanced delivery (CED), provides widespread transgene expression in heathy rodent striatum and an aggressive brain tumor tissue established orthotopically in rats. The ability of BPN to efficiently traverse both tissues is of great importance as the highly invasive glioma cells infiltrated into normal brain tissue are responsible for tumor recurrence. Of note, the transgene expression within the orthotopic tumor tissue occurred preferentially in glioma cells over microglial cells. We also show that three-dimensional (3D) multicellular spheroids established with malignant glioma cells, unlike conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures, serve as an excellent in vitro model reliably predicting gene vector behaviors in vivo. Briefly, DNA-NP possessing greater surface PEG coverage exhibited more uniform and higher-level transgene expression both in the 3D model and in vivo, whereas the trend was opposite in 2D culture. The finding here alerts that gene transfer studies based primarily on 2D cultures should be interpreted with caution and underscores the relevance of 3D models for screening newly engineered gene vectors prior to their in vivo evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Negron
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, United States of America; Department of Pharmacology & Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States of America
| | - Namir Khalasawi
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States of America
| | - Billy Lu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States of America
| | - Chi-Ying Ho
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, United States of America; Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States of America
| | - Jason Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States of America
| | - Siddharth Shenoy
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, United States of America; Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, United States of America
| | - Hai-Quan Mao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States of America; Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, United States of America; Department of Material Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States of America; Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States of America
| | - Tza-Huei Wang
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States of America; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States of America
| | - Justin Hanes
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, United States of America; Department of Pharmacology & Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States of America; Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States of America; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States of America; Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, United States of America
| | - Jung Soo Suk
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, United States of America; Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States of America; Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, United States of America.
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24
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Vaupel P, Schmidberger H, Mayer A. The Warburg effect: essential part of metabolic reprogramming and central contributor to cancer progression. Int J Radiat Biol 2019; 95:912-919. [PMID: 30822194 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2019.1589653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 465] [Impact Index Per Article: 93.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the early 1920s, Warburg published experimental data on the enhanced conversion of glucose to pyruvate (followed by lactate formation) even in the presence of abundant oxygen (aerobic glycolysis, Warburg effect). He attributed this metabolic trait to a respiratory injury and considered this a universal metabolic alteration in carcinogenesis. This interpretation of the data was questioned since the early 1950s. Realistic causative mechanisms and consequences of the Warburg effect were described only during the past 15 years and are summarized in this article. There is clear evidence that mitochondria are not defective in most cancers. Aerobic glycolysis, a key metabolic feature of the Warburg phenotype, is caused by active metabolic reprogramming required to support sustained cancer cell proliferation and malignant progression. This metabolic switch is directed by altered growth factor signaling, hypoxic or normoxic activation of HIF-1α- transcription, oncogene activation or loss-of-function of suppressor genes, and is implemented in the hostile tumor microenvironment. The 'selfish' reprogramming includes (a) overexpression of glucose transporters and of key glycolytic enzymes, and an accelerated glycolytic flux with subsequent accumulation and diversion of glycolytic intermediates for cancer biomass synthesis, (b) high-speed ATP production that meets the energy demand, and (c) accumulation of lactate which drives tumor progression and largely contributes to tumor acidosis, which in turn synergistically favors tumor progression and resistance to certain antitumor therapies, and compromises antitumor immunity. Altogether, the Warburg effect is the central contributor to the cancer progression machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Vaupel
- a Department of Radiation Oncology , Tumor Pathophysiology Group, University Medical Center , Mainz , Germany
| | - Heinz Schmidberger
- a Department of Radiation Oncology , Tumor Pathophysiology Group, University Medical Center , Mainz , Germany
| | - Arnulf Mayer
- a Department of Radiation Oncology , Tumor Pathophysiology Group, University Medical Center , Mainz , Germany
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25
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Investigating the Effects of Stove Emissions on Ocular and Cancer Cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1870. [PMID: 30755694 PMCID: PMC6372759 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38803-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
More than a third of the world’s population relies on solid fuels for cooking and heating, with major health consequences. Although solid fuel combustion emissions are known to increase the prevalence of illnesses such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer, however, their effect on the eyes is underexplored. This study assesses the acute toxicity of solid fuel combustion emissions on healthy ocular cells and a cancer cell line. Three healthy ocular cell lines (corneal, lens, and retinal epithelial cells) and a cancer cell line (Chinese hamster ovary cells) were exposed to liquid and gas phase emissions from applewood and coal combustion. Following the exposure, real-time cell attachment behavior was monitored for at least 120 hours with electrical cell impedance spectroscopy. The viability of the cells, amount of apoptotic cells, and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were quantified with MTT, ApoTox-Glo, and ROS-Glo H2O2 assays, respectively. The results showed that coal emissions compromised the viability of ocular cells more than applewood emissions. Interestingly, the cancer cells, although their viability was not compromised, generated 1.7 to 2.7 times more ROS than healthy cells. This acute exposure study provides compelling proof that biomass combustion emissions compromise the viability of ocular cells and increase ROS generation. The increased ROS generation was fatal for ocular cells, but it promoted the growth of cancer cells.
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26
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Ranathunge TA, Karunaratne DGGP, Rajapakse RMG, Watkins DL. Doxorubicin Loaded Magnesium Oxide Nanoflakes as pH Dependent Carriers for Simultaneous Treatment of Cancer and Hypomagnesemia. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E208. [PMID: 30736270 PMCID: PMC6409820 DOI: 10.3390/nano9020208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is an anticancer drug commonly used in treating cancer; however, it has severe cytotoxicity effects. To overcome both the adverse effects of the drug and mineral deficiency (i.e., hypomagnesemia) experienced by cancer patients, we have developed magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoflakes as drug carriers and loaded them with DOX for use as a targeted drug delivery (TDD) system for potential application in cancer therapy. The synthesis employed herein affords pure, highly porous MgO nanoparticles that are void of the potentially harmful metal contaminants often discussed in the literature. Purposed for dual therapy, the nanoparticles exhibit an impressive 90% drug loading capacity with pH dependent drug releasing rates of 10% at pH 7.2, 50.5% at pH 5.0, and 90.2% at pH 3. Results indicate that therapy is achievable via slow diffusion where MgO nanoflakes degrade (i.e., dissolve) under acidic conditions releasing the drug and magnesium ions to the cancerous region. The TDD system therefore minimizes cytotoxicity to healthy cells while supplying magnesium ions to overcome hypomagnesemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tharindu A Ranathunge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Peradeniya, Kandy 20400, Sri Lanka.
- Department of Chemical and Processing Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Kandy 20400, Sri Lanka.
- Postgraduate Institute of Science, University of Peradeniya, Kandy 20400, Sri Lanka.
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
| | - D G G P Karunaratne
- Department of Chemical and Processing Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Kandy 20400, Sri Lanka.
- Postgraduate Institute of Science, University of Peradeniya, Kandy 20400, Sri Lanka.
| | - R M G Rajapakse
- Department of Chemistry, University of Peradeniya, Kandy 20400, Sri Lanka.
- Postgraduate Institute of Science, University of Peradeniya, Kandy 20400, Sri Lanka.
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
| | - Davita L Watkins
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
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27
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Rawat K, Shard A, Jadhav M, Gandhi M, Anand P, Purohit R, Padwad Y, Sinha AK. Styryl-cinnamate hybrid inhibits glioma by alleviating translation, bioenergetics and other key cellular responses leading to apoptosis. Exp Cell Res 2019; 375:11-21. [PMID: 30513337 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Gliomas are lethal and aggressive form of brain tumors with resistance to conventional radiation and cytotoxic chemotherapies; inviting continuous efforts for drug discovery and drug delivery. Interestingly, small molecule hybrids are one such pharmacophore that continues to capture interest owing to their pluripotent medicinal effects. Accordingly, we earlier reported synthesis of potent Styryl-cinnamate hybrids (analogues of Salvianolic acid F) along with its plausible mode of action (MOA). We explored iTRAQ-LC/MS-MS technique to deduce differentially expressed landscape of native & phospho-proteins in treated glioma cells. Based on this, Protein-Protein Interactome (PPI) was looked into by employing computational tools and further validated in vitro. We hereby report that the Styryl-cinnamate hybrid, an analogue of natural Salvianolic acid F, alters key regulatory proteins involved in translation, cytoskeleton development, bioenergetics, DNA repair, angiogenesis and ubiquitination. Cell cycle analysis dictates arrest at G0/G1 stage along with reduced levels of cyclin D; involved in G1 progression. We discovered that Styryl-cinnamate hybrid targets glioma by intrinsically triggering metabolite-mediated stress. Various oncological circuits alleviated by the potential drug candidate strongly supports the role of such pharmacophores as anticancer drugs. Although, further analysis of SC hybrid in treating xenografts or solid tumors is yet to be explored but their candidature has gained huge impetus through this study. This study equips us better in understanding the shift in proteomic landscape after treating glioma cells with SC hybrid. It also allows us to elicit molecular targets of this potential drug before progressing to preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Rawat
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Food and Nutraceuticals Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061 H.P., India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR, Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061 H.P., India
| | - Amit Shard
- Natural Product Chemistry and Process Development Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061 H.P., India
| | - Manali Jadhav
- SAIF, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mayuri Gandhi
- SAIF, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India
| | - Prince Anand
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Food and Nutraceuticals Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061 H.P., India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR, Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061 H.P., India
| | - Rituraj Purohit
- Division of Biotechnology, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061 H.P., India
| | - Yogendra Padwad
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Food and Nutraceuticals Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061 H.P., India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR, Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061 H.P., India.
| | - Arun K Sinha
- Natural Product Chemistry and Process Development Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061 H.P., India; Medicinal & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031 U.P., India.
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28
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Gezginci-Oktayoglu S, Coskun E, Ercin M, Bolkent S. 4-Methylcatechol prevents streptozotocin-induced acute kidney injury through modulating NGF/TrkA and ROS-related Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 64:52-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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29
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Analysis of cancer gene attributes using electrical sensor. Gene 2018; 685:62-69. [PMID: 30393193 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.10.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Prediction of cancer gene attributes by their primary structure (long amino acid sequence) is instrumental in large-scale genomics projects, especially in the field of genomics. Various methods are proposed to predict gene characteristics from its primary structure, but accurate prediction of it is still very challenging task. Here we introduce an electrical network based sensor or detector to discriminate cancer and non-cancer cells based on two features i.e. amino acid sequence length, and hydrophilic/hydrophobic property. The electrical circuit consists of resistors, capacitors and inductors, is used for modeling individual amino acid and cascaded to form gene system. Corresponding electrical responses are judged using Bode and Nyquist analyzers and achieve 89.55% accuracy with 87.06% True Positive rate and 95.42% True Negative rate, demonstrate that proposed electrical sensor model is very promising for predicting the cancer gene attributes as well as non-cancer gene in the field of large-scale genomics study.
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30
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Marbaniang C, Kma L. Dysregulation of Glucose Metabolism by Oncogenes and Tumor Suppressors in Cancer Cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018; 19:2377-2390. [PMID: 30255690 PMCID: PMC6249467 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2018.19.9.2377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancers are complex diseases having several unique features, commonly described as ‘hallmarks of cancer’. Among them, altered signaling pathways are the common characteristic features that drive cancer progression; this is achieved due to mutations that lead to the activation of growth promoting(s) oncogenes and inactivation of tumor suppressors. As a result of which, cancer cells increase their glycolytic rate by consuming a large amount of glucose, and convert a majority of glucose to lactate even in the presence of oxygen known as the “Warburg effect”. Tumor cells like other cells are strictly dependent on energy for growth and survival; therefore, understanding energy metabolism will give us an idea to develop new effective anti-cancer therapies that target cancer energy production pathways. This review summarizes the roles of tumor suppressors and oncogenes and their products that provide metabolic advantages to cancer cells which in turn leads to the establishment of the “Warburg effect” and ultimately leads to cancer progression. Understanding cancer cell’s vulnerability will provide potential targets for its control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casterland Marbaniang
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer and Radiation Countermeasures Unit,North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya, India.
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31
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Zhang G, Ahola S, Lerche MH, Telkki VV, Hilty C. Identification of Intracellular and Extracellular Metabolites in Cancer Cells Using 13C Hyperpolarized Ultrafast Laplace NMR. Anal Chem 2018; 90:11131-11137. [PMID: 30125087 PMCID: PMC6168181 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b03096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Ultrafast
Laplace NMR (UF-LNMR), which is based on the spatial
encoding of multidimensional data, enables one to carry out 2D relaxation
and diffusion measurements in a single scan. Besides reducing the
experiment time to a fraction, it significantly facilitates the use
of nuclear spin hyperpolarization to boost experimental sensitivity,
because the time-consuming polarization step does not need to be repeated.
Here we demonstrate the usability of hyperpolarized UF-LNMR in the
context of cell metabolism, by investigating the conversion of pyruvate
to lactate in the cultures of mouse 4T1 cancer cells. We show that 13C ultrafast diffusion–T2 relaxation correlation measurements, with the sensitivity enhanced
by several orders of magnitude by dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization
(D-DNP), allows the determination of the extra- vs intracellular
location of metabolites because of their significantly different values
of diffusion coefficients and T2 relaxation
times. Under the current conditions, pyruvate was located predominantly
in the extracellular pool, while lactate remained primarily intracellular.
Contrary to the small flip angle diffusion methods reported in the
literature, the UF-LNMR method does not require several scans with
varying gradient strength, and it provides a combined diffusion and T2 contrast. Furthermore, the ultrafast concept
can be extended to various other multidimensional LNMR experiments,
which will provide detailed information about the dynamics and exchange
processes of cell metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guannan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry , Texas A&M University , 3255 TAMU, College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
| | - Susanna Ahola
- NMR Research Unit, Faculty of Science , University of Oulu , P.O. Box 3000, 90014 Oulu , Finland
| | - Mathilde H Lerche
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Center for Hyperpolarization in Magnetic Resonance , Technical University of Denmark , Building 349, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby , Denmark
| | - Ville-Veikko Telkki
- NMR Research Unit, Faculty of Science , University of Oulu , P.O. Box 3000, 90014 Oulu , Finland
| | - Christian Hilty
- Department of Chemistry , Texas A&M University , 3255 TAMU, College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
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Development of novel amino-quinoline-5,8-dione derivatives as NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) inhibitors with potent antiproliferative activities. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 154:199-209. [PMID: 29803003 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Fourteen novel amino-quinoline-5,8-dione derivatives (6a-h and 7a-h) were designed and synthesized by coupling different alkyl- or aryl-amino fragments at the C6- or C7-position of quinoline-5,8-dione. All target compounds showed antiproliferative potency in the low micromolar range in both drug sensitive HeLaS3 and multidrug resistant KB-vin cell lines. Compounds 6h, 6d, 7a, and 7d exhibited more potent antiproliferative effects than the other compounds. Especially, compounds 6d and 7d displayed NQO1-dependent cytotoxicity and competitive NQO1 inhibitory effects in both drug sensitive HeLaS3 and multidrug resistant KB-vin cell lines. Furthermore, compounds 6h, 6d, 7a, and 7d induced a dose-dependent lethal mitochondrial dysfunction in both drug sensitive HeLaS3 and multidrug resistant KB-vin cells by increasing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Notably, compound 7d selectively inhibited cancer cells, but not non-tumor liver cell proliferation in vitro, and significantly triggered HeLaS3 cell apoptosis by regulating apoptotic proteins of Bcl-2, Bax, and cleaved caspase-3 in a dose-dependent manner. Our findings suggest that these novel C6- or C7-substituted amino-quinoline-5,8-dione derivatives, such as 7d, could be further developed in the future as potent and selective antitumor agents to potentially circumvent multi-drug resistance (MDR).
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Valdebenito S, Lou E, Baldoni J, Okafo G, Eugenin E. The Novel Roles of Connexin Channels and Tunneling Nanotubes in Cancer Pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1270. [PMID: 29695070 PMCID: PMC5983846 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Neoplastic growth and cellular differentiation are critical hallmarks of tumor development. It is well established that cell-to-cell communication between tumor cells and "normal" surrounding cells regulates tumor differentiation and proliferation, aggressiveness, and resistance to treatment. Nevertheless, the mechanisms that result in tumor growth and spread as well as the adaptation of healthy surrounding cells to the tumor environment are poorly understood. A major component of these communication systems is composed of connexin (Cx)-containing channels including gap junctions (GJs), tunneling nanotubes (TNTs), and hemichannels (HCs). There are hundreds of reports about the role of Cx-containing channels in the pathogenesis of cancer, and most of them demonstrate a downregulation of these proteins. Nonetheless, new data demonstrate that a localized communication via Cx-containing GJs, HCs, and TNTs plays a key role in tumor growth, differentiation, and resistance to therapies. Moreover, the type and downstream effects of signals communicated between the different populations of tumor cells are still unknown. However, new approaches such as artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) could provide new insights into these signals communicated between connected cells. We propose that the identification and characterization of these new communication systems and their associated signaling could provide new targets to prevent or reduce the devastating consequences of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Valdebenito
- Public Health Research Institute (PHRI), Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers the State University of NJ, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
| | - Emil Lou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - John Baldoni
- GlaxoSmithKline, In-Silico Drug Discovery Unit, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA.
| | - George Okafo
- GlaxoSmithKline, In-Silico Drug Discovery Unit, Stevenage SG1 2NY, UK.
| | - Eliseo Eugenin
- Public Health Research Institute (PHRI), Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers the State University of NJ, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
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Panagiotou C, Mihailidou C, Brauhli G, Katsarou O, Moutsatsou P. Effect of steviol, steviol glycosides and stevia extract on glucocorticoid receptor signaling in normal and cancer blood cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 460:189-199. [PMID: 28754349 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The use of steviol glycosides as non-caloric sweeteners has proven to be beneficial for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), obesity, and metabolic syndrome. However, recent data demonstrate that steviol and stevioside might act as glucocorticoid receptor (GR) agonists and thus correlate with adverse effects on metabolism. Herein, we evaluated the impact of steviol, steviol glycosides, and a Greek-derived stevia extract on a number of key steps of GR signaling cascade in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and in Jurkat leukemia cells. Our results revealed that none of the tested compounds altered the expression of primary GR-target genes (GILZ, FKPB5), GR protein levels or GR subcellular localization in PBMCs; those compounds increased GILZ and FKPB5 mRNA levels as well as GRE-mediated luciferase activity, inducing in parallel GR nuclear translocation in Jurkat cells. The GR-modulatory activity demonstrated by stevia-compounds in Jurkat cells but not in PBMCs may be due to a cell-type specific effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Panagiotou
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, University General Hospital "ATTIKO", Athens, Greece
| | - Chrysovalantou Mihailidou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Olga Katsarou
- 2nd Blood Transfusion Center and Hemophilia Center, Laikon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Moutsatsou
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, University General Hospital "ATTIKO", Athens, Greece.
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de Sá Junior PL, Câmara DAD, Porcacchia AS, Fonseca PMM, Jorge SD, Araldi RP, Ferreira AK. The Roles of ROS in Cancer Heterogeneity and Therapy. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:2467940. [PMID: 29123614 PMCID: PMC5662836 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2467940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cancer comprises a group of heterogeneous diseases encompassing high rates of morbidity and mortality. Heterogeneity, which is a hallmark of cancer, is one of the main factors related to resistance to chemotherapeutic agents leading to poor prognosis. Heterogeneity is profoundly affected by increasing levels of ROS. Under low concentrations, ROS may function as signaling molecules favoring tumorigenesis and heterogeneity, while under high ROS concentrations, these species may work as cancer modulators due to their deleterious, genotoxic or even proapoptotic effect on cancer cells. This double-edged sword effect represented by ROS relies on their ability to cause genetic and epigenetic modifications in DNA structure. Antitumor therapeutic approaches may use molecules that prevent the ROS formation precluding carcinogenesis or use chemical agents that promote a sudden increase of ROS causing considerable oxidative stress inside tumor mass. Therefore, herein, we review what ROS are and how they are produced in normal and in cancer cells while providing an argumentative discussion about their role in cancer pathophysiology. We also describe the various sources of ROS in cancer and their role in tumor heterogeneity. Further, we also discuss some therapeutic strategies from the current landscape of cancer heterogeneity, ROS modulation, or ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diana Aparecida Dias Câmara
- Laboratory of Genetics, Butantan Institute, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Morphology and Genetic Department, University Federal of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Salomão Doria Jorge
- Department of Immunology, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Adilson Kleber Ferreira
- Department of Immunology, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
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36
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Fatehchand K, Santhanam R, Shen B, Erickson EL, Gautam S, Elavazhagan S, Mo X, Belay T, Tridandapani S, Butchar JP. Active hexose-correlated compound enhances extrinsic-pathway-mediated apoptosis of Acute Myeloid Leukemic cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181729. [PMID: 28727820 PMCID: PMC5519206 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Active Hexose Correlated Compound (AHCC) has been shown to have many immunostimulatory and anti-cancer activities in mice and in humans. As a natural product, AHCC has potential to create safer adjuvant therapies in cancer patients. Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is the least curable and second-most common leukemia in adults. AML is especially terminal to those over 60 years old, where median survival is only 5 to 10 months, due to inability to receive intensive chemotherapy. Hence, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of AHCC on AML cells both in vitro and in vivo. Results showed that AHCC induced Caspase-3-dependent apoptosis in AML cell lines as well as in primary AML leukopheresis samples. Additionally, AHCC induced Caspase-8 cleavage as well as Fas and TRAIL upregulation, suggesting involvement of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway. In contrast, monocytes from healthy donors showed suppressed Caspase-3 cleavage and lower cell death. When tested in a murine engraftment model of AML, AHCC led to significantly increased survival time and decreased blast counts. These results uncover a mechanism by which AHCC leads to AML-cell specific death, and also lend support for the further investigation of AHCC as a potential adjuvant for the treatment of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavin Fatehchand
- Medical Scientist Training Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Ramasamy Santhanam
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Brenda Shen
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Ericka L. Erickson
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Shalini Gautam
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Saranya Elavazhagan
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Xiaokui Mo
- Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Tesfaye Belay
- School of Arts and Sciences, Bluefield State University, Bluefield, WV, United States of America
| | - Susheela Tridandapani
- Medical Scientist Training Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jonathan P. Butchar
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
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37
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Hyperglycemia exacerbates colon cancer malignancy through hexosamine biosynthetic pathway. Oncogenesis 2017; 6:e306. [PMID: 28319096 PMCID: PMC5533945 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2017.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia is a common feature of diabetes mellitus, considered as a risk factor for cancer. However, its direct effects in cancer cell behavior are relatively unexplored. Herein we show that high glucose concentration induces aberrant glycosylation, increased cell proliferation, invasion and tumor progression of colon cancer. By modulating the activity of the rate-limiting enzyme, glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT), we demonstrate that hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) is involved in those processes. Biopsies from patients with colon carcinoma show increased levels of GFAT and consequently aberrant glycans’ expression suggesting an increase of HBP flow in human colon cancer. All together, our results open the possibility that HBP links hyperglycemia, aberrant glycosylation and tumor malignancy, and suggest this pathway as a potential therapeutic target for colorectal cancer.
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38
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Kouidhi S, Elgaaied AB, Chouaib S. Impact of Metabolism on T-Cell Differentiation and Function and Cross Talk with Tumor Microenvironment. Front Immunol 2017; 8:270. [PMID: 28348562 PMCID: PMC5346542 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system and metabolism are highly integrated and multilevel interactions between metabolic system and T lymphocyte signaling and fate exist. Accumulating evidence indicates that the regulation of nutrient uptake and utilization in T cells is critically important for the control of their differentiation and manipulating metabolic pathways in these cells can shape their function and survival. This review will discuss some potential cell metabolism pathways involved in shaping T lymphocyte function and differentiation. It will also describe show subsets of T cells have specific metabolic requirements and signaling pathways that contribute to their respective function. Examples showing the apparent similarity between cancer cell metabolism and T cells during activation are illustrated and finally some mechanisms being used by tumor microenvironment to orchestrate T-cell metabolic dysregulation and the subsequent emergence of immune suppression are discussed. We believe that targeting T-cell metabolism may provide an additional opportunity to manipulate T-cell function in the development of novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumaya Kouidhi
- ISBST, Laboratory BVBGR, LR11ES31, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia; Laboratory of Genetics, Immunology and Human Pathology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Amel Benammar Elgaaied
- Laboratory of Genetics, Immunology and Human Pathology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar , Tunis , Tunisia
| | - Salem Chouaib
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR1186, Laboratory «Integrative Tumor Immunology and Genetic Oncology», Equipe Labellisée LIGUE 2015, Villejuif, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Gustave Roussy, University of Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
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39
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Khoshakhlagh A, Gunapala SD. Infrared imaging: a potential powerful tool for neuroimaging and neurodiagnostics. NEUROPHOTONICS 2017; 4:011014. [PMID: 28382311 PMCID: PMC5369365 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.4.1.011014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Infrared (IR) imaging is used to detect the subtle changes in temperature needed to accurately detect and monitor disease. Technological advances have made IR a highly sensitive and reliable detection tool with strong potential in medical and neurophotonics applications. An overview of IR imaging specifically investigating quantum well IR detectors developed at Jet Propulsion Laboratory for a noninvasive, nonradiating imaging tool is provided, which could be applied for neuroscience and neurosurgery where it involves sensitive cellular temperature change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezou Khoshakhlagh
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, United States
- Address all correspondence to: Arezou Khoshakhlagh, E-mail:
| | - Sarath D. Gunapala
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, United States
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40
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Kadela-Tomanek M, Jastrzębska M, Pawełczak B, Bębenek E, Chrobak E, Latocha M, Książek M, Kusz J, Boryczka S. Alkynyloxy derivatives of 5,8-quinolinedione: Synthesis, in vitro cytotoxicity studies and computational molecular modeling with NAD(P)H:Quinone oxidoreductase 1. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 126:969-982. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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41
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Shi Q, Maas L, Veith C, Van Schooten FJ, Godschalk RW. Acidic cellular microenvironment modifies carcinogen-induced DNA damage and repair. Arch Toxicol 2016; 91:2425-2441. [PMID: 28005143 PMCID: PMC5429366 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-016-1907-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation creates an acidic microenvironment, which plays an important role in cancer development. To investigate how low pH changes the cellular response to the carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), we incubated human pulmonary epithelial cells (A549 and BEAS-2B) with nontoxic doses of B[a]P using culturing media of various pH’s (extracellular pH (pHe) of 7.8, 7.0, 6.5, 6.0 and 5.5) for 6, 24 and 48 h. In most incubations (pHe 7.0–6.5), the pH in the medium returned to the physiological pH 7.8 after 48 h, but at the lowest pH (pHe < 6.0), this recovery was incomplete. Similar changes were observed for the intracellular pH (pHi). We observed that acidic conditions delayed B[a]P metabolism and at t = 48 h, and the concentration of unmetabolized extracellular B[a]P and B[a]P-7,8-diol was significantly higher in acidic samples than under normal physiological conditions (pHe 7.8) for both cell lines. Cytochrome P450 (CYP1A1/CYP1B1) expression and its activity (ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity) were repressed at low pHe after 6 and 24 h, but were significantly higher at t = 48 h. In addition, a DNA repair assay showed that the incision activity was ~80% inhibited for 6 h at low pHe and concomitant exposure to B[a]P. However, at t = 48 h, the incision activity recovered to more than 100% of the initial activity observed at neutral pHe. After 48 h, higher B[a]P-DNA adduct levels and γ-H2AX foci were observed at low pH samples than at pHe 7.8. In conclusion, acidic pH delayed the metabolism of B[a]P and inhibited DNA repair, ultimately leading to increased B[a]P-induced DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Shi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - L Maas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - C Veith
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - F J Van Schooten
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - R W Godschalk
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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42
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Baghdadi HH. Targeting Cancer Cells using 3-bromopyruvate for Selective Cancer Treatment. SAUDI JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & MEDICAL SCIENCES 2016; 5:9-19. [PMID: 30787746 PMCID: PMC6298280 DOI: 10.4103/1658-631x.194253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Cancer treatment deserves more research efforts despite intensive conventional treatment modalities for many types of malignancies. Metastasis and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy receive a lot of global research efforts. The current advances in cancer biology may improve targeting the critical metabolic differences that distinguish cancer cells from normal cells. Cancer cells are highly glycolytic for energy production, exhibit the Warburg effect, establish aggressive acidic microenvironment, maintain cancer stem cells, exhibit resistance to chemotherapy, have low antioxidant systems but different ΔΨm (delta psi, mitochondrial transmembrane potential), express P-glycoprotein for multidrug resistance, upregulate glucose transporters and monocarboxylate transporters and are under high steady-state reactive oxygen species conditions. Normal cells differ in all these aspects. Lactate produced through the Warburg effect helps cancer metastasis. Targeting glycolysis reactions for energy production in cancer cells seems promising in decreasing the proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells. 3-bromopyruvate makes use of cancer biology in treating cancer cells, cancer stem cells and preventing metastasis in human cancer as discussed in this review. Updated advances are analyzed here, which include research analysis of background, experience, readings in the field of cancer biology, oncology and biochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussam H Baghdadi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
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43
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Coelho RG, Cazarin JDM, Cavalcanti de Albuquerque JPA, de Andrade BM, Carvalho DP. Differential glycolytic profile and Warburg effect in papillary thyroid carcinoma cell lines. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:3673-3681. [PMID: 27748844 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Acceleration of glycolysis is a characteristic of neoplasia. Previous studies have shown that a metabolic shift occurs in many tumors and correlates with a negative prognosis. The present study aimed to investigate the glycolytic profile of thyroid carcinoma cell lines. We investigated glycolytic and oxidative parameters of two thyroid carcinoma papillary cell lines (BCPAP and TPC1) and the non-tumor cell line NTHY-ori. All carcinoma cell lines showed higher rates of glycolysis efficiency, when compared to NTHY-ori, as assessed by a higher rate of glucose consumption and lactate production. The BCPAP cell line presented higher rates of growth, as well as elevated intracellular ATP levels, compared to the TPC1 and NTHY-ori cells. We found that glycolysis and activities of pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) regulatory enzymes were significantly different among the carcinoma cell lines, particularly in the mitochondrial hexokinase (HK) activity which was higher in the BCPAP cells than that in the TPC1 cell line which showed a balanced distribution of HK activity between cytoplasmic and mitochondrial subcellular localizations. However, TPC1 had higher levels of glucose‑6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity, suggesting that the PPP is elevated in this cell type. Using high resolution respirometry, we observed that the Warburg effect was present in the BCPAP and TPC1 cells, characterized by low oxygen consumption and high reactive oxygen species production. Overall, these results indicate that both thyroid papillary carcinoma cell lines showed a glycolytic profile. Of note, BCPAP cells presented some relevant differences in cell metabolism compared to TPC1 cells, mainly related to higher mitochondrial-associated HK activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Guimarães Coelho
- Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Juliana de Menezes Cazarin
- Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno Moulin de Andrade
- Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Denise P Carvalho
- Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
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The anticancer agent 3-bromopyruvate: a simple but powerful molecule taken from the lab to the bedside. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2016; 48:349-62. [PMID: 27457582 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-016-9670-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
At the beginning of the twenty-first century, 3-bromopyruvate (3BP), a simple alkylating chemical compound was presented to the scientific community as a potent anticancer agent, able to cause rapid toxicity to cancer cells without bystander effects on normal tissues. The altered metabolism of cancers, an essential hallmark for their progression, also became their Achilles heel by facilitating 3BP's selective entry and specific targeting. Treatment with 3BP has been administered in several cancer type models both in vitro and in vivo, either alone or in combination with other anticancer therapeutic approaches. These studies clearly demonstrate 3BP's broad action against multiple cancer types. Clinical trials using 3BP are needed to further support its anticancer efficacy against multiple cancer types thus making it available to more than 30 million patients living with cancer worldwide. This review discusses current knowledge about 3BP related to cancer and discusses also the possibility of its use in future clinical applications as it relates to safety and treatment issues.
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45
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Stefano GB, Kream RM. Glycolytic Coupling to Mitochondrial Energy Production Ensures Survival in an Oxygen Rich Environment. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:2571-5. [PMID: 27439008 PMCID: PMC4957629 DOI: 10.12659/msm.899610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrion exhibits biochemical and functional variations that emerged by random chance as an evolutionary survival strategy, which include enhanced energy production driven by anaerobic respiratory mechanisms. In invertebrates, this mitochondrial anaerobic respiration permits survival at a lower energy state suited for this type of environment while yielding more ATP than by glycolysis alone. This ability provides a protective existential advantage in naturally occurring hypoxic environments via diminished free radical generation. In the blue mussel Mytilus edulis and other marine organisms, a functionally active mitochondrial anaerobic respiratory mechanism tailored to hypoxic conditions reflects an evolutionary adaptation/reworking of ancient metabolic pathways. Components of these pathways were also discovered and characterized as metabolic intermediates in plant parasites, specifically crown gall tumors. Mechanistic similarities between anaerobically functioning mitochondria in M. edulis and crown gall tissues and metabolic processes in human tumors are known to occur, demonstrating commonalities in diverse life energy processes. Furthermore, cytoplasmic glycolytic processes are now shown also to exhibit a dynamic capacity for enhanced energy generation by increasing its efficiency in hypoxic environments, making it equally dynamic in meeting its cellular survival goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- George B Stefano
- Department of Research, MitoGenetics Research Institute, Farmingdale, NY, USA
| | - Richard M Kream
- Department of Research, MitoGenetics Research Institute, Farmingdale, NY, USA
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Abstract
Cancer classification based on site of origin is very significant research issue for prediction and treatment of cancer. This paper is addressing the problem of cancer classification for Homo Sapiens genes composed of amino acid chain. Cancer gene network is realized by equivalent electrical circuits based on hydrophilic/ hydrophobic property of amino acid and a classifier is modeled to determine the cancer origin. The phase value, peak gain value and shape of Nyquist curve of network model are investigated to characterize different types of cancer gene origins. The model achieves 81.09% of classification accuracy and proves to be more sensitive and simple, since it shows 69% better performance compare to the existing nucleotide based method. The proposed classifier successfully predicts the site of origin of 93 cancer gene samples.
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Choudhary KS, Rohatgi N, Halldorsson S, Briem E, Gudjonsson T, Gudmundsson S, Rolfsson O. EGFR Signal-Network Reconstruction Demonstrates Metabolic Crosstalk in EMT. PLoS Comput Biol 2016; 12:e1004924. [PMID: 27253373 PMCID: PMC4890760 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an important event during development and cancer metastasis. There is limited understanding of the metabolic alterations that give rise to and take place during EMT. Dysregulation of signalling pathways that impact metabolism, including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), are however a hallmark of EMT and metastasis. In this study, we report the investigation into EGFR signalling and metabolic crosstalk of EMT through constraint-based modelling and analysis of the breast epithelial EMT cell model D492 and its mesenchymal counterpart D492M. We built an EGFR signalling network for EMT based on stoichiometric coefficients and constrained the network with gene expression data to build epithelial (EGFR_E) and mesenchymal (EGFR_M) networks. Metabolic alterations arising from differential expression of EGFR genes was derived from a literature review of AKT regulated metabolic genes. Signaling flux differences between EGFR_E and EGFR_M models subsequently allowed metabolism in D492 and D492M cells to be assessed. Higher flux within AKT pathway in the D492 cells compared to D492M suggested higher glycolytic activity in D492 that we confirmed experimentally through measurements of glucose uptake and lactate secretion rates. The signaling genes from the AKT, RAS/MAPK and CaM pathways were predicted to revert D492M to D492 phenotype. Follow-up analysis of EGFR signaling metabolic crosstalk in three additional breast epithelial cell lines highlighted variability in in vitro cell models of EMT. This study shows that the metabolic phenotype may be predicted by in silico analyses of gene expression data of EGFR signaling genes, but this phenomenon is cell-specific and does not follow a simple trend.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumari Sonal Choudhary
- Center for Systems Biology, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Biomedical Center, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Neha Rohatgi
- Center for Systems Biology, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Biomedical Center, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Skarphedinn Halldorsson
- Center for Systems Biology, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Biomedical Center, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Eirikur Briem
- Biomedical Center, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Stem Cell Research Unit, Department of Anatomy, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
- Department of Laboratory Hematology, Landspitali-University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Thorarinn Gudjonsson
- Biomedical Center, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Stem Cell Research Unit, Department of Anatomy, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
- Department of Laboratory Hematology, Landspitali-University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Ottar Rolfsson
- Center for Systems Biology, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Biomedical Center, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- * E-mail:
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48
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Lucena MC, Carvalho-Cruz P, Donadio JL, Oliveira IA, de Queiroz RM, Marinho-Carvalho MM, Sola-Penna M, de Paula IF, Gondim KC, McComb ME, Costello CE, Whelan SA, Todeschini AR, Dias WB. Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition Induces Aberrant Glycosylation through Hexosamine Biosynthetic Pathway Activation. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:12917-29. [PMID: 27129262 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.729236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Deregulated cellular metabolism is a hallmark of tumors. Cancer cells increase glucose and glutamine flux to provide energy needs and macromolecular synthesis demands. Several studies have been focused on the importance of glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway. However, a neglected but very important branch of glucose metabolism is the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP). The HBP is a branch of the glucose metabolic pathway that consumes ∼2-5% of the total glucose, generating UDP-GlcNAc as the end product. UDP-GlcNAc is the donor substrate used in multiple glycosylation reactions. Thus, HBP links the altered metabolism with aberrant glycosylation providing a mechanism for cancer cells to sense and respond to microenvironment changes. Here, we investigate the changes of glucose metabolism during epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the role of O-GlcNAcylation in this process. We show that A549 cells increase glucose uptake during EMT, but instead of increasing the glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway, the glucose is shunted through the HBP. The activation of HBP induces an aberrant cell surface glycosylation and O-GlcNAcylation. The cell surface glycans display an increase of sialylation α2-6, poly-LacNAc, and fucosylation, all known epitopes found in different tumor models. In addition, modulation of O-GlcNAc levels was demonstrated to be important during the EMT process. Taken together, our results indicate that EMT is an applicable model to study metabolic and glycophenotype changes during carcinogenesis, suggesting that cell glycosylation senses metabolic changes and modulates cell plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Iron F de Paula
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21949-900 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and
| | - Katia C Gondim
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21949-900 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and
| | - Mark E McComb
- the Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Proteomics Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
| | - Catherine E Costello
- the Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Proteomics Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
| | - Stephen A Whelan
- the Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Proteomics Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
| | | | - Wagner B Dias
- From the Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho,
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49
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Abusneina A, Gauthier ER. Ammonium ions improve the survival of glutamine-starved hybridoma cells. Cell Biosci 2016; 6:23. [PMID: 27087916 PMCID: PMC4832542 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-016-0092-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As a consequence of a reprogrammed metabolism, cancer cells are dependent on the amino acid l-glutamine for their survival, a phenomenon that currently forms the basis for the generation of new, cancer-specific therapies. In this paper, we report on the role which ammonium ions, a product of glutaminolysis, play on the survival of l-glutamine-deprived Sp2/0-Ag14 mouse hybridoma cells. Results The supplementation of l-glutamine-starved Sp2/0-Ag14 cell cultures with either ammonium acetate or ammonium chloride resulted in a significant increase in viability. This effect did not depend on the ability of cells to synthesize l-glutamine, and was not affected by the co-supplementation with α-ketoglutarate. When we examined the effect of ammonium acetate and ammonium chloride on the induction of apoptosis by glutamine deprivation, we found that ammonium salts did not prevent caspase-3 activation or cytochrome c leakage, indicating that they did not act by modulating core apoptotic processes. However, both ammonium acetate and ammonium chloride caused a significant reduction in the number of l-glutamine-starved cells exhibiting apoptotic nuclear fragmentation and/or condensation. Conclusion All together, our results show that ammonium ions promote the survival of l-glutamine-deprived Sp2/0-Ag14 cells and modulate late-apoptotic events. These findings highlight the complexity of the modulation of cell survival by l-glutamine, and suggest that targeting survival-signaling pathways modulated by ammonium ions should be examined as a potential anti-cancer strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric R Gauthier
- Biomolecular Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6 Canada ; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6 Canada ; Department of Biology, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6 Canada
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50
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Metabolic phenotyping of human blood plasma: a powerful tool to discriminate between cancer types? Ann Oncol 2016; 27:178-84. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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