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Castro A, Lardone MC, Giraudo F, López P, Ortiz E, Iñiguez G, Cassorla F, Codner E. Differential Effect of 2 Hormonal Contraceptives on the Relative Telomere Length of Youth With Type 1 Diabetes. J Endocr Soc 2024; 8:bvae091. [PMID: 38883396 PMCID: PMC11179291 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvae091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Context Adolescents and young women (AYA) with type 1 diabetes (T1D) may require hormonal contraception for an extended period. However, it is unclear what effect hormonal contraception has on telomere length, a marker of the risk for complications. Objective To investigate the relative telomere length (RTL) in AYA with T1D (AYA-T1D) and healthy young women (AYA-C) after 18 months of combined oral contraception use (COC) with ethinyl estradiol/desogestrel, or a subdermal etonogestrel implant (IM). Methods A nonrandomized prospective study was performed in which 39 AYA-T1D and 40 AYA-C chose the COC or the IM. RTL was measured by monochrome multiplex-quantitative PCR in DNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). The impact of contraceptives and clinical variables on RTL was assessed using lineal regression analysis. Results Longer RTL compared to baseline was observed in AYA-T1D (P < .05) and AYA-C (P < .01) after using the IM. However, the total of AYA and the AYA-C group treated with COC decreased RTL after 18 months of treatment compared to baseline (P < .05). The type of contraceptive used was determinant for the changes in RTL compared to baseline in all subjects and controls (P ≤ .006). For AYA-T1D, HbA1c levels were not associated with RTL, but the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein was negatively related with the changes in RTL at 18 months compared to baseline (standardized R2 : 0.230, P = .003). Conclusion IM was associated with longer RTL in AYA-T1D and AYA-C. In contrast, a shortening of telomere length in PBMC was observed after using COC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Castro
- Institute of Maternal and Child Research, School of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8360160, Chile
| | - M Cecilia Lardone
- Institute of Maternal and Child Research, School of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8360160, Chile
| | - Franco Giraudo
- Institute of Maternal and Child Research, School of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8360160, Chile
- Hospital Clínico San Borja Arriarán, Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Central, Santiago 8360160, Chile
| | - Patricia López
- Institute of Maternal and Child Research, School of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8360160, Chile
- Hospital Clínico San Borja Arriarán, Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Central, Santiago 8360160, Chile
| | - Eliana Ortiz
- Institute of Maternal and Child Research, School of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8360160, Chile
| | - Germán Iñiguez
- Institute of Maternal and Child Research, School of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8360160, Chile
| | - Fernando Cassorla
- Institute of Maternal and Child Research, School of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8360160, Chile
| | - Ethel Codner
- Institute of Maternal and Child Research, School of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8360160, Chile
- Centro de Investigación Clínica Aplicada (CICA), School of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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2
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Alanazi AFR, Parkinson GN, Haider S. Structural Motifs at the Telomeres and Their Role in Regulatory Pathways. Biochemistry 2024; 63:827-842. [PMID: 38481135 PMCID: PMC10993422 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.4c00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Telomeres are specialized structures, found at the ends of linear chromosomes in eukaryotic cells, that play a crucial role in maintaining the stability and integrity of genomes. They are composed of repetitive DNA sequences, ssDNA overhangs, and several associated proteins. The length of telomeres is linked to cellular aging in humans, and deficiencies in their maintenance are associated with various diseases. Key structural motifs at the telomeres serve to protect vulnerable chromosomal ends. Telomeric DNA also has the ability to form diverse complex DNA higher-order structures, including T-loops, D-loops, R-loops, G-loops, G-quadruplexes, and i-motifs, in the complementary C-rich strand. While many essential proteins at telomeres have been identified, the intricacies of their interactions and structural details are still not fully understood. This Perspective highlights recent advancements in comprehending the structures associated with human telomeres. It emphasizes the significance of telomeres, explores various telomeric structural motifs, and delves into the structural biology surrounding telomeres and telomerase. Furthermore, telomeric loops, their topologies, and the associated proteins that contribute to the safeguarding of telomeres are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer F R Alanazi
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Gary N Parkinson
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Shozeb Haider
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
- UCL Centre for Advanced Research Computing, University College London, London WC1H 9RN, United Kingdom
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3
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Frydrychová RČ, Konopová B, Peska V, Brejcha M, Sábová M. Telomeres and telomerase: active but complex players in life-history decisions. Biogerontology 2024; 25:205-226. [PMID: 37610666 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-023-10060-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Studies on human telomeres have established that telomeres exert a significant influence on lifespan and health of organisms. However, recent research has indicated that the original idea that telomeres affect lifespan in a universal and central manner across all eukaryotic species is an oversimplification. Indeed, findings from a variety of animal species revealed that the role of telomere biology in aging is more subtle and intricate than previously recognized. Here, we show how telomere biology varies depending on the taxon. We also show how telomere biology corresponds to basic life history traits and affects the life table of a species and investments in growth, body size, reproduction, and lifespan; telomeres are hypothesized to shape evolutionary perspectives for species in an active but complex manner. Our evaluation is based on telomere biology data from many examples from throughout the animal kingdom that vary according to the degree of organismal complexity and life history strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radmila Čapková Frydrychová
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Barbora Konopová
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Vratislav Peska
- Department of Cell Biology and Radiobiology, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Královopolská 135, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miloslav Brejcha
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Michala Sábová
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
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4
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Grzeczka A, Graczyk S, Kordowitzki P. DNA Methylation and Telomeres-Their Impact on the Occurrence of Atrial Fibrillation during Cardiac Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15699. [PMID: 37958686 PMCID: PMC10650750 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in humans. AF is characterized by irregular and increased atrial muscle activation. This high-frequency activation obliterates the synchronous work of the atria and ventricles, reducing myocardial performance, which can lead to severe heart failure or stroke. The risk of developing atrial fibrillation depends largely on the patient's history. Cardiovascular diseases are considered aging-related pathologies; therefore, deciphering the role of telomeres and DNA methylation (mDNA), two hallmarks of aging, is likely to contribute to a better understanding and prophylaxis of AF. In honor of Prof. Elizabeth Blackburn's 75th birthday, we dedicate this review to the discovery of telomeres and her contribution to research on aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pawel Kordowitzki
- Department for Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Szosa Bydgoska 13, 87-100 Torun, Poland
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5
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Ali JH, Walter M. Combining old and new concepts in targeting telomerase for cancer therapy: transient, immediate, complete and combinatory attack (TICCA). Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:197. [PMID: 37679807 PMCID: PMC10483736 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03041-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomerase can overcome replicative senescence by elongation of telomeres but is also a specific element in most cancer cells. It is expressed more vastly than any other tumor marker. Telomerase as a tumor target inducing replicative immortality can be overcome by only one other mechanism: alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT). This limits the probability to develop resistance to treatments. Moreover, telomerase inhibition offers some degree of specificity with a low risk of toxicity in normal cells. Nevertheless, only one telomerase antagonist reached late preclinical studies. The underlying causes, the pitfalls of telomerase-based therapies, and future chances based on recent technical advancements are summarized in this review. Based on new findings and approaches, we propose a concept how long-term survival in telomerase-based cancer therapies can be significantly improved: the TICCA (Transient Immediate Complete and Combinatory Attack) strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaber Haj Ali
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Universitätsmedizin Rostock, Ernst-Heydemann-Straße 6, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Michael Walter
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Universitätsmedizin Rostock, Ernst-Heydemann-Straße 6, 18057, Rostock, Germany.
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Pyreddy S, Poddar A, Carraro F, Polash SA, Dekiwadia C, Murdoch B, Nasa Z, Reddy TS, Falcaro P, Shukla R. Targeting telomerase utilizing zeolitic imidazole frameworks as non-viral gene delivery agents across different cancer cell types. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 149:213420. [PMID: 37062125 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Telomerase, a ribonucleoprotein coded by the hTERT gene, plays an important role in cellular immortalization and carcinogenesis. hTERT is a suitable target for cancer therapeutics as its activity is highly upregulated in most of cancer cells but absent in normal somatic cells. Here, by employing the two Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs), viz. ZIF-C and ZIF-8, based biomineralization we encapsulate Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat (CRISPR)/Cas9 plasmid system that targets hTERT gene (CrhTERT) in cancer cells. When comparing the two biocomposites, ZIF-C shows the better loading capacity and cell viability. The loaded plasmid in ZIF-C is highly protected against enzymatic degradation. CrhTERT@ZIF-C is efficiently endocytosed by cancer cells and the subcellular release of CrhTERT leads to telomerase knockdown. The resultant inhibition of hTERT expression decreases cellular proliferation and causing cancer cell death. Furthermore, hTERT knockdown shows a significant reduction in tumour metastasis and alters protein expression. Collectively we show the high potential of ZIF-C-based biocomposites as a promising general tool for gene therapy of different types of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suneela Pyreddy
- NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, Centre for Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia; School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Arpita Poddar
- NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, Centre for Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia; School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia; Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat, Victoria 3350, Australia
| | - Francesco Carraro
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Shakil Ahmed Polash
- NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, Centre for Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia; School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | | | - Billy Murdoch
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Zeyad Nasa
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - T Srinivasa Reddy
- NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, Centre for Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia; School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Paolo Falcaro
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Graz 8010, Austria.
| | - Ravi Shukla
- NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, Centre for Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia; School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia.
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Liu S, Nong W, Ji L, Zhuge X, Wei H, Luo M, Zhou L, Chen S, Zhang S, Lei X, Huang H. The regulatory feedback of inflammatory signaling and telomere/telomerase complex dysfunction in chronic inflammatory diseases. Exp Gerontol 2023; 174:112132. [PMID: 36849001 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is believed to play a role in the progression of numerous human diseases. Research has shown that inflammation and telomeres are involved in a feedback regulatory loop: inflammation increases the rate of telomere attrition, leading to telomere dysfunction, while telomere components also participate in regulating the inflammatory response. However, the specific mechanism behind this feedback loop between inflammatory signaling and telomere/telomerase complex dysfunction has yet to be fully understood. This review presents the latest findings on this topic, with a particular focus on the detailed regulation and molecular mechanisms involved in the progression of aging, various chronic inflammatory diseases, cancers, and different stressors. Several feedback loops between inflammatory signaling and telomere/telomerase complex dysfunction, including NF-κB-TERT feedback, NF-κB-RAP1 feedback, NF-κB-TERC feedback, STAT3-TERT feedback, and p38 MAPK-shelterin complex-related gene feedback, are summarized. Understanding the latest discoveries of this feedback regulatory loop can help identify novel potential drug targets for the suppression of various inflammation-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Liu
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Weihua Nong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533300, China
| | - Lin Ji
- Reproductive Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021 Nanning, China
| | - Xiuhong Zhuge
- Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, China
| | - Huimei Wei
- Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, China
| | - Min Luo
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Leguang Zhou
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Shenghua Chen
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
| | - Shun Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, China.
| | - Xiaocan Lei
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
| | - Hua Huang
- Reproductive Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021 Nanning, China.
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8
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The Aging Heart: A Molecular and Clinical Challenge. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416033. [PMID: 36555671 PMCID: PMC9783309 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with an increasing burden of morbidity, especially for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). General cardiovascular risk factors, ischemic heart diseases, heart failure, arrhythmias, and cardiomyopathies present a significant prevalence in older people, and are characterized by peculiar clinical manifestations that have distinct features compared with the same conditions in a younger population. Remarkably, the aging heart phenotype in both healthy individuals and patients with CVD reflects modifications at the cellular level. An improvement in the knowledge of the physiological and pathological molecular mechanisms underlying cardiac aging could improve clinical management of older patients and offer new therapeutic targets.
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9
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Telomere Shortening and Increased Oxidative Stress in Lumbar Disc Degeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231710125. [PMID: 36077523 PMCID: PMC9456205 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231710125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lumbar disc degeneration (LDD) contributes to low back pain. This study aimed to determine relative telomere length (RTL), oxidative stress status, and antioxidant levels and examine the relationships between RTL, oxidative stress, and the severity in LDD patients. A total of 100 subjects, 50 LDD patients and 50 healthy controls, were enrolled in the case−control study. Blood leukocyte RTL was analyzed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Lipid peroxidation was determined by malondialdehyde (MDA) assay. Plasma 8-hydroxy 2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) values were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) in plasma were also measured. The LDD patients had significantly shorter telomeres than the healthy controls (p = 0.04). Blood leukocyte RTL was inversely correlated with the LDD severity (r = −0.41, p = 0.005). Additionally, plasma MDA and 8-OHdG levels were markedly greater in LDD patients than in the controls (p = 0.01 and p = 0.002, respectively). Furthermore, the plasma MDA level showed a positive correlation with the radiographic severity (r = 0.49, p = 0.001). There was a positive correlation between plasma 8-OHdG and the severity (r = 0.60, p < 0.001). Moreover, plasma TAC and FRAP levels were significantly lower in LDD patients than in the controls (p = 0.04). No significant differences in plasma TAC and FRAP were observed among the three groups of LDD severity. We found that RTL was negatively correlated with the severity while plasma MDA and 8-OHdG levels were positively correlated with the severity. These findings suggest that blood leukocyte RTL, plasma MDA, and 8-OHdG may have potential as noninvasive biomarkers for the assessment of severity in LDD.
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Rahimi Mehdi Abad F, Khalili P, Jalali F, Pirsadeghi A, Esmaeili Nadimi A, Manshoori A, Jalali Z. Maternal opioid use is reflected on leukocyte telomere length of male newborns. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0261013. [PMID: 34919564 PMCID: PMC8682876 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Opioid use accelerates normal aging in adults that raises a question on whether it may trans-generationally affect aging and aging biomarkers in the offspring of users as well? In the present research, we investigated the relative telomere length in umbilical cord blood of newborns born to opioid consuming mothers compared to normal controls. Telomere length shortening is a known biomarker of aging and aging related diseases. Its measure at birth or early in life is considered as a predictor of individual health in adulthood. Here, we performed a case-control study to investigate whether maternal opioid use affects newborns relative telomere length (RTL). 57 mother-newborn dyads were included in this study, 30 neonates with opioid using mothers (OM), and 27 with not-opioid using mothers (NOM)). RTL was measured in leukocyte cells genomic DNA using real-time PCR. The correlation of maternal opioid use with neonates telomer length was assessed using logistic regression analysis. The results displayed a significant association between odds ratio of long RTL and maternal opioid use when sensitivity analysis was performed by neonate sex; where the data indicates significantly increased odds ratio of long leukocyte RTL in association with maternal opioid use in male neonates only. Further work is necessary to assess this association in larger samples and test the potential underlying mechanisms for this observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Rahimi Mehdi Abad
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Parvin Khalili
- Social Determinants of Health Research Centre, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Jalali
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Pirsadeghi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Esmaeili Nadimi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjani University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Azita Manshoori
- Department of Gynecology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Zahra Jalali
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
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Allen MC, Moog NK, Buss C, Yen E, Gustafsson HC, Sullivan EL, Graham AM. Co-occurrence of preconception maternal childhood adversity and opioid use during pregnancy: Implications for offspring brain development. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2021; 88:107033. [PMID: 34601061 PMCID: PMC8578395 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2021.107033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Understanding of the effects of in utero opioid exposure on neurodevelopment is a priority given the recent dramatic increase in opioid use among pregnant individuals. However, opioid abuse does not occur in isolation-pregnant individuals abusing opioids often have a significant history of adverse experiences in childhood, among other co-occurring factors. Understanding the specific pathways in which these frequently co-occurring factors may interact and cumulatively influence offspring brain development in utero represents a priority for future research in this area. We highlight maternal history of childhood adversity (CA) as one such co-occurring factor that is more prevalent among individuals using opioids during pregnancy and which is increasingly shown to affect offspring neurodevelopment through mechanisms beginning in utero. Despite the high incidence of CA history in pregnant individuals using opioids, we understand very little about the effects of comorbid prenatal opioid exposure and maternal CA history on fetal brain development. Here, we first provide an overview of current knowledge regarding effects of opioid exposure and maternal CA on offspring neurodevelopment that may occur during gestation. We then outline potential mechanistic pathways through which these factors might have interactive and cumulative influences on offspring neurodevelopment as a foundation for future research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine C Allen
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Portland, OR 97239, United States
| | - Nora K Moog
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Psychology, Luisenstrasse 57, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Buss
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Psychology, Luisenstrasse 57, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Development, Health and Disease Research Program, University of California, Irvine, 837 Health Sciences Drive, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Elizabeth Yen
- Department of Pediatrics, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, United States
| | - Hanna C Gustafsson
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Portland, OR 97239, United States
| | - Elinor L Sullivan
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Portland, OR 97239, United States; Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, 505 NW 185(th) Ave., Beaverton, OR 97006, United States; Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Portland, OR 97239, United States
| | - Alice M Graham
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Portland, OR 97239, United States.
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Miglani M, Rain M, Pasha Q, Raj VS, Thinlas T, Mohammad G, Gupta A, Pandey RP, Vibhuti A. Shorter telomere length, higher telomerase activity in association with tankyrase gene polymorphism contribute to high-altitude pulmonary edema. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 29:3094-3106. [PMID: 32916703 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddaa205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
High-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is a noncardiogenic form of pulmonary edema, which is induced upon exposure to hypobaric hypoxia at high altitude (HA). Hypobaric hypoxia generates reactive oxygen species that may damage telomeres and disturb normal physiological processes. Telomere complex comprises of multiple proteins, of which, tankyrase (TNKS) is actively involved in DNA damage repairs. We hence investigated the association of TNKS and telomeres with HAPE to delineate their potential role at HA. The study was performed in three groups, High-altitude pulmonary edema patients (HAPE-p, n = 200), HAPE-resistant sojourners (HAPE-r, n = 200) and highland permanent healthy residents (HLs, n = 200). Variants of TNKS were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Plasma TNKS level was estimated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, expression of TNKS and relative telomere length were assessed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and telomerase activity was assessed by the telomere repeat amplification protocol assay. TNKS poly-ADP ribosylates the telomere-repeat factor (TRF), which is a negative regulator of telomere length. Consequently, TRF expression was also measured by RT-qPCR. The TNKS heterozygotes rs7015700GA were prevalent in HLs compared to the HAPE-p and HAPE-r. The plasma TNKS was significantly decreased in HAPE-p than HAPE-r (P = 0.006). TNKS was upregulated 9.27 folds in HAPE-p (P = 1.01E-06) and downregulated in HLs by 3.3 folds (P = 0.02). The telomere length was shorter in HAPE-p compared to HAPE-r (P = 0.03) and HLs (P = 4.25E-4). The telomerase activity was significantly higher in HAPE-p compared to both HAPE-r (P = 0.01) and HLs (P = 0.001). HAPE-p had the lowest TNKS levels (0.186 ± 0.031 ng/μl) and the highest telomerase activity (0.0268 amoles/μl). The findings of the study indicate the association of TNKS and telomeres with HA adaptation/maladaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjula Miglani
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM University, Delhi-NCR, Sonepat, Haryana 131029, India.,Functional Genomics Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Manjari Rain
- Functional Genomics Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Qadar Pasha
- Functional Genomics Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - V Samuel Raj
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM University, Delhi-NCR, Sonepat, Haryana 131029, India
| | - Tashi Thinlas
- Department of Medicine, Sonam Norboo Memorial Hospital, Leh-Ladakh 194101, India
| | - Ghulam Mohammad
- Department of Medicine, Sonam Norboo Memorial Hospital, Leh-Ladakh 194101, India
| | - Archana Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM University, Delhi-NCR, Sonepat, Haryana 131029, India
| | - Ramendra Pati Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM University, Delhi-NCR, Sonepat, Haryana 131029, India
| | - Arpana Vibhuti
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM University, Delhi-NCR, Sonepat, Haryana 131029, India
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13
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Habibi N, Bianco-Miotto T, Phoi YY, Jankovic-Karasoulos T, Roberts CT, Grieger JA. Maternal diet and offspring telomere length: a systematic review. Nutr Rev 2021; 79:148-159. [PMID: 32968801 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Many studies assert a negative influence of inappropriate maternal diet and nutritional status during pregnancy on offspring, not only in utero but throughout life, because of the role in the programing of noncommunicable diseases. Telomere length is a biomarker of aging, and shorter telomeres are associated with chronic disease later in life. Maternal nutrition and nutritional status may be an important determinant of offspring telomere length. OBJECTIVE A systematic review was conducted to determine the effect of maternal nutrition and nutritional status in pregnancy on offspring telomere length. DATA SOURCES This systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Database searches of PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Medline, and Web of Science were performed. STUDY SELECTION Included studies assessed the association between maternal nutrition (dietary intake and nutritional status) during pregnancy and offspring telomere length measured in cord blood, serum, plasma, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. DATA EXTRACTION Three authors screened and determined the quality of the articles; disagreements were resolved by a fourth author. All authors compared the compiled data. RESULTS Seven studies were extracted and evaluated. Studies comprised a double-blind placebo-controlled trial (n = 1), prospective cohort studies (n = 5), and a cross-sectional study (n = 1). Higher circulating maternal folate and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 concentrations, along with higher maternal dietary caffeine intakes, were associated with longer offspring telomere length, whereas higher dietary intake of carbohydrate, folate, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamin C, or sodium was not. CONCLUSION The limited but suggestive evidence highlights the need for further research to be conducted in this area, particularly longitudinal studies involving larger cohorts of pregnant women. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration no. CRD42019136506.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahal Habibi
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Tina Bianco-Miotto
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Yan Yin Phoi
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Tanja Jankovic-Karasoulos
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Claire T Roberts
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jessica A Grieger
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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14
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Li Y, Cheang I, Zhang Z, Yao W, Zhou Y, Zhang H, Liu Y, Zuo X, Li X, Cao Q. Prognostic Association of TERC, TERT Gene Polymorphism, and Leukocyte Telomere Length in Acute Heart Failure: A Prospective Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:650922. [PMID: 33763035 PMCID: PMC7982721 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.650922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telomere length and telomerase are associated in development of cardiovascular diseases. Study aims to investigate the associations of TERC and TERT gene polymorphism and leukocyte telomere length (LTL) in the prognosis of acute heart failure (AHF). METHODS Total 322 patients with AHF were enrolled and divided into death and survival group according to all-cause mortality within 18 months. Seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of TERC and TERT were selected. Baseline characteristics, genotype distribution and polymorphic allele frequency, and genetic model were initially analyzed. Genotypes and the LTL were determined for further analysis. RESULTS Compared to carrying homozygous wild genotype, the risk of death in patients with mutated alleles of four SNPs- rs12696304(G>C), rs10936599(T>C), rs1317082(G>A), and rs10936601(T>C) of TERC were significantly higher. The dominant models of above were independently associated with mortality. In recessive models, rs10936599 and rs1317082 of TERC, rs7726159 of TERT were independently associated with long-term mortality. Further analysis showed, in haplotype consisting with TERC - rs12696304, rs10936599, rs1317082, and rs10936601, mutant alleles CCAC and wild alleles GTGT were significant difference between groups (P<0.05). CCAC is a risk factor and GTGT is a protective factor for AHF patients. Relative LTL decreased over age, but showed no difference between groups and genotypes. CONCLUSIONS The SNPs of TERC and TERT are associated with the prognosis of AHF, and are the independent risk factors for predicting 18-month mortality in AHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxiu Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Iokfai Cheang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongwen Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenming Yao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanli Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangrong Zuo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinli Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Quan Cao, ; Xinli Li,
| | - Quan Cao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Quan Cao, ; Xinli Li,
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15
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Gutlapalli SD, Kondapaneni V, Toulassi IA, Poudel S, Zeb M, Choudhari J, Cancarevic I. The Effects of Resveratrol on Telomeres and Post Myocardial Infarction Remodeling. Cureus 2020; 12:e11482. [PMID: 33329978 PMCID: PMC7735524 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.11482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Post myocardial infarction (MI) remodeling is the term used to define the changes in cardiac musculature after sustaining an ischemic injury. These changes decrease myocardial function and ultimately lead to heart failure. We review the contributing factors to post-MI remodeling, its association with telomere biology, as well as a myriad of other factors affecting aging and telomere length in relation to cardiovascular health. The main focus is on the effects of resveratrol in the cardiovascular system and its potential for therapeutic use in preventing long-term cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We tried to answer important questions regarding the potential for resveratrol as a therapeutic drug to prevent adverse post-MI remodeling. In our search, we gathered 62 studies and narrowed our data down to 44 studies. The database used was PubMed, and the keywords used are "Resveratrol", "Telomere", "Post Myocardial Infarction". All the studies were carefully screened for relevant articles regarding our topic manually, Articles related to a positive association between resveratrol and its anti-aging, cardioprotective effects have been included in our study, as we could not find any articles in our search which showed a negative correlation. Our review concluded that resveratrol had pro-telomerase effects which could counter the development of adverse post-MI remodeling. Therefore resveratrol could be a useful therapeutic add-on drug to prevent cardiovascular disease. It is essential that further research including observational and large-scale clinical trials should be conducted to increase our understanding of the efficacy and viability of these novel therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Dheeraj Gutlapalli
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Varshitha Kondapaneni
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Ijeoma A Toulassi
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Sujan Poudel
- Family Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Mehwish Zeb
- Pediatrics, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, PAK
| | - Jinal Choudhari
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Ivan Cancarevic
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
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16
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Gao Y, Wei Y, Zhou X, Huang S, Zhao H, Zeng P. Assessing the Relationship Between Leukocyte Telomere Length and Cancer Risk/Mortality in UK Biobank and TCGA Datasets With the Genetic Risk Score and Mendelian Randomization Approaches. Front Genet 2020; 11:583106. [PMID: 33193711 PMCID: PMC7644901 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.583106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Telomere length is an important indicator of tumor progression and survival for cancer patients. Previous work investigated the associations between genetically predicted telomere length and cancers; however, the types of cancers investigated in those studies were relatively limited or the telomere length-associated genetic variants employed often came from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) with small sample sizes. Methods We constructed the genetic risk score (GRS) for leukocyte telomere length based on 17 associated genetic variants available from the largest telomere length GWAS up to 78,592 individuals. Then, a comprehensive analysis was undertaken to evaluate the association between the constructed GRS and the risk or mortality of a wide range of cancers [i.e., 37 cancers in the UK Biobank and 33 cancers in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)]. We further applied the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to estimate the causal effect of leukocyte telomere length on UK Biobank cancers via summary statistics. Results In the UK Biobank dataset, we found that the GRS of leukocyte telomere length was associated with a decreased risk of nine types of cancer (i.e., significant association with multiple myeloma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, kidney/renal cell cancer, bladder cancer, malignant melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and prostate cancer and suggestive association with sarcoma/fibrosarcoma and Hodgkin’s lymphoma/Hodgkin’s disease). In addition, we found that the GRS was suggestively associated with an increased risk of leukemia. In the TCGA dataset, we observed suggestive evidence that the GRS was associated with a high death hazard of rectum adenocarcinoma (READ), sarcoma (SARC), and skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM), while the GRS was associated with a low death hazard of kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma (KIRP). The results of MR further supported the association for leukocyte telomere length on the risk of malignant melanoma, Hodgkin’s lymphoma/Hodgkin’s disease, chronic lymphocytic leukemia and multiple myeloma. Conclusion Our study reveals that telomere played diverse roles in different types of cancers. However, further validations in large-scale prospective studies and deeper investigations of the biologic mechanisms are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yongyue Wei
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Center for Statistical Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Shuiping Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Center for Medical Statistics and Data Analysis, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Huashuo Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Center for Medical Statistics and Data Analysis, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ping Zeng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Center for Medical Statistics and Data Analysis, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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17
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Mendelian randomization implies no direct causal association between leukocyte telomere length and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12184. [PMID: 32699404 PMCID: PMC7376149 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68848-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We employed Mendelian randomization (MR) to evaluate the causal relationship between leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) with summary statistics from genome-wide association studies (n = ~ 38,000 for LTL and ~ 81,000 for ALS in the European population; n = ~ 23,000 for LTL and ~ 4,100 for ALS in the Asian population). We further evaluated mediation roles of lipids in the pathway from LTL to ALS. The odds ratio per standard deviation decrease of LTL on ALS was 1.10 (95% CI 0.93–1.31, p = 0.274) in the European population and 0.75 (95% CI 0.53–1.07, p = 0.116) in the Asian population. This null association was also detected between LTL and frontotemporal dementia in the European population. However, we found that an indirect effect of LTL on ALS might be mediated by low density lipoprotein (LDL) or total cholesterol (TC) in the European population. These results were robust against extensive sensitivity analyses. Overall, our MR study did not support the direct causal association between LTL and the ALS risk in neither population, but provided suggestive evidence for the mediation role of LDL or TC on the influence of LTL and ALS in the European population.
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18
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Bhatt D, Hazari A, Yamakawa GR, Salberg S, Sgro M, Shultz SR, Mychasiuk R. Investigating the cumulative effects of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol and repetitive mild traumatic brain injury on adolescent rats. Brain Commun 2020; 2:fcaa042. [PMID: 32954298 PMCID: PMC7425386 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcaa042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of mild traumatic brain injury is highest amongst the adolescent population and can lead to complications including neuroinflammation and excitotoxicity. Also pervasive in adolescents is recreational cannabis use. Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol, the main psychoactive component of cannabis, is known to have anti-inflammatory properties and serves as a neuroprotective agent against excitotoxicity. Thus, we investigated the effects of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol on recovery when administered either prior to or following repeated mild brain injuries. Male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to receive Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol or vehicle either prior to or following the repeated injuries. Rats were then tested on a behavioural test battery designed to measure post-concussive symptomology. The hippocampus, nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex were extracted from all animals to examine mRNA expression changes (Bdnf, Cnr1, Comt, GR, Iba-1 and Vegf-2R). We hypothesized that, in both experiments, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol administration would provide neuroprotection against mild injury outcomes and confer therapeutic benefit. Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol administration following repeated mild traumatic brain injury was beneficial to three of the six behavioural outcomes affected by injury (reducing anxiety and depressive-like behaviours while also mitigating injury-induced deficits in short-term working memory). Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol administration following injury also showed beneficial effects on the expression of Cnr1, Comt and Vegf-2R in the hippocampus, nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex. There were no notable benefits of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol when administered prior to injury, suggesting that Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol may have potential therapeutic benefit on post-concussive symptomology when administered post-injury, but not pre-injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhyey Bhatt
- Department of Psychology, Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, The University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Ali Hazari
- Department of Psychology, Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, The University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Glenn R Yamakawa
- Department of Psychology, Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, The University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Sabrina Salberg
- Department of Psychology, Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, The University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Marissa Sgro
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Sandy R Shultz
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3050, Australia
| | - Richelle Mychasiuk
- Department of Psychology, Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, The University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
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19
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Udomsinprasert W, Chanhom N, Suvichapanich S, Wattanapokayakit S, Mahasirimongkol S, Chantratita W, Jittikoon J. Leukocyte telomere length as a diagnostic biomarker for anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5628. [PMID: 32221362 PMCID: PMC7101399 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62635-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite being relatively rare, anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury (ATDILI) is a leading cause of acute liver failure and a major reason for treatment discontinuation, because of no specific and selective markers for ATDILI. Herein, this study aimed to investigate whether telomere length, a biological indicator of age-related diseases, is associated with ATDILI outcomes and could serve as an early ATDILI biomarker. Relative telomere length (RTL) in blood leukocyte of 100 age- and gender-matched healthy controls, 49 tuberculosis patients with ATDILI, and 53 tuberculosis patients with non-ATDILI was quantified using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Both tuberculosis patients with and without ATDILI had significantly shorter RTL than healthy controls. Compared with tuberculosis patients with non-ATDILI, RTL in those with ATDILI was significantly increased. Longer RTL was found to be significantly associated with increased susceptibility to ATDILI. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that an increment in RTL was independently correlated with elevated values of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase assessed within 60 days after anti-tuberculosis treatment. Kaplan-Meier curve analysis demonstrated that longer RTL was associated with elevated rates of hepatotoxicity in tuberculosis patients. Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis unveiled a diagnostic accuracy of RTL as a novel indicator for ATDILI progression (AUC = 0.73), which yielded more sensitive and specific values than traditional liver biomarkers including serum enzyme activities of aminotransferases measured within 7 days after treatment with anti-tuberculosis regimens. Collectively, aberrant RTL in blood leukocyte would reflect hepatotoxicity induced by anti-tuberculosis agents and might have a potential biomarker for early ATDILI progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanvisa Udomsinprasert
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Noppadol Chanhom
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Supharat Suvichapanich
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Sukanya Wattanapokayakit
- Genomic Medicine Centre, Division of Genomic Medicine and Innovation Support, Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, 11000, Thailand
| | - Surakameth Mahasirimongkol
- Genomic Medicine Centre, Division of Genomic Medicine and Innovation Support, Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, 11000, Thailand
| | - Wasun Chantratita
- Center for Medical Genomics, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Jiraphun Jittikoon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
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20
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Eum JY, Lee JC, Yi SS, Kim IY, Seong JK, Moon MH. Aging-related lipidomic changes in mouse serum, kidney, and heart by nanoflow ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1618:460849. [PMID: 31928769 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.460849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Aging refers to the intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species that damages proteins, DNA, and lipids. As alterations in lipid metabolism may trigger metabolic disorders and the onset of metabolic diseases, changes in lipid profiles can be closely related to aging. In this study, a comprehensive lipidomic comparison between 4- and 25-month-old mice was performed to investigate age-induced changes in the lipid profiles of mouse serum, kidney, and heart using nanoflow ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. Quantitative analysis of 279 of the 542 identified lipids revealed significant changes upon aging, mainly showing decreased levels in the three types of samples. Exceptionally, most triacylglycerols showed significant increases in heart tissue. The kidney was influenced more by aging than the serum and heart. The highly abundant lipids in each lipid class with significant decreases (> 2-fold, p < 0.01) were lysophosphatidic acid 18:1, lysophosphatidylinositol 20:4, and ceramide d:18:1/24:0 in serum; lysophosphatidylglycerol 16:0 in heart tissue; and eight phosphatidylethanolamines (20:4, 22:6, 36:2, 36:3, 38:4, 38:5, 38:6, 40:6, and 40:7), two cardiolipins (72:7 and 72:8), and lysophosphatidylcholine 18:0 in kidney tissue. The findings indicate the potential of lipidomic analysis to study characteristic age-related lipid changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Yong Eum
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Cheol Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Shin Yi
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Biomedical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Republic of Korea; Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Yong Kim
- Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genetics, College of Veterinary Medicine, BK21 Program for Veterinary Science, BIO-MAX institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Kyung Seong
- Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genetics, College of Veterinary Medicine, BK21 Program for Veterinary Science, BIO-MAX institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Myeong Hee Moon
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
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21
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Nonaka K, Aida J, Takubo K, Yamazaki Y, Takakuma S, Kakizaki M, Matsuda Y, Ishikawa N, Ishiwata T, Chong JM, Arai T, Sasano H. Correlation Between Differentiation of Adrenocortical Zones and Telomere Lengths Measured by Q-FISH. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 104:5642-5650. [PMID: 31219569 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2019-00592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Adrenocortical zonation is associated with a markedly complex developmental process, and the pathogenesis and/or etiology of many disorders of adrenocortical zonal development have remained unknown. Cells from the three adrenocortical zones are morphologically and functionally differentiated, and the mature stage of cell development or senescence has been recently reported to be correlated with telomere length. However, the telomere length of each adrenocortical zonal cell has not yet been studied in human adrenal glands. OBJECTIVE We aimed to study the telomere lengths of adrenocortical parenchymal cells from three different zones of the adrenal glands present during childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. METHODS Adrenal glands of 30 autopsied subjects, aged between 0 and 68 years, were retrieved from pathology files. The normalized telomere to centromere ratio (NTCR), an index of telomere length, was determined in the parenchymal cells of the zona glomerulosa, zona fasciculata, and zona reticularis (ZR), using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization. RESULTS NTCR of ZR cells was the longest, followed in decreasing order by that of zona glomerulosa and zona fasciculata cells in subjects aged 20 to 68 years, but no substantial differences in NTCR were detected among these three zones in the group <20 years of age. NTCR of ZR increased with age in subjects aged 20 to 68 years, whereas no important age-dependent changes in NTCR were detected in the group <20 years of age. CONCLUSION The telomere lengths for three zones in adrenal cortex were correlated with their differentiation in adulthood but not in childhood and adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Nonaka
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Junko Aida
- Division of Aging and Carcinogenesis, Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaiyo Takubo
- Division of Aging and Carcinogenesis, Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuto Yamazaki
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Takakuma
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mototsune Kakizaki
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Matsuda
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoshi Ishikawa
- Division of Aging and Carcinogenesis, Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Ishiwata
- Division of Aging and Carcinogenesis, Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ja-Mun Chong
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Health and Medical Treatment Corporation Toshima Hospital, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomio Arai
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hironobu Sasano
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
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Mustofa MS, Suyatna FD, Sadikin M, Pujianto DA, Royhan A, Suwardji K. Soybean extract increases telomerase reverse transcriptase protein expression in pancreatic β-cells of diabetes mellitus-induced rats. MEDICAL JOURNAL OF INDONESIA 2019. [DOI: 10.13181/mji.v28i3.1732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A number of studies on the benefits of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr) in the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM) have already been conducted; however, the effects of soybean extracts on telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) expression in improving telomerase activity in pancreatic cells is currently unknown. This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of soybean extracts on TERT protein expression in the pancreatic β-cells of rats with DM.
METHODS Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups: (1) negative control (N); (2) DM rats induced by alloxan (DMA); (3) DM rats with glibenclamide (DMG; positive control); (4) DM rats with 1 mg/kgBW/day soybean extract (DM1E); (5) DM rats with 5 mg/kgBW/day soybean extract (DM5E); (6) DM rats with 25 mg/kgBW/day soybean extract (DM25E). The treatments were carried out over 28 days. The measured variables included fasting blood glucose (FBG) level, TERT protein expression, and the number of pancreatic β-cells.
RESULTS All parameters were measured against the diabetes control group. The FBG levels in rats DM1E, DM5E, and DM25E were significantly reduced on the 28th day (p < 0.05). TERT protein expression and the number of pancreatic β-cells (DM25E) also showed significant improvements compared to DM rats (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS Soybean extracts can increase TERT protein expression in pancreatic β-cells in diabetes-induced rats.
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23
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The association between intimate partner violence against women and newborn telomere length. Transl Psychiatry 2019; 9:239. [PMID: 31570690 PMCID: PMC6768880 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-019-0575-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) against women negatively impacts infant health. However, its impact on infant's biology, in particular on telomere length (TL) is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between IPV against women before childbirth and cord blood TL in their newborn. A total of 774 pregnant women in the 20th-24th week of gestation were recruited at a public hospital in Hong Kong. The mothers' exposure to IPV before childbirth, demographic characteristics, obstetric outcomes, health and mental health were measured at the time of recruitment and 4 weeks after childbirth. Umbilical cord blood was collected by midwives at the time of delivery. The newborn TL was quantified using quantitative PCR method and expressed in T/S ratio (the ratio of telomere repeat copy numbers to single-copy gene numbers). After adjusting for a number of confounding variables, the mothers' exposure to any IPV before childbirth (β = -0.08, 95% CI = -0.14, -0.01) was associated with shorter TL. Specifically, psychological abuse against women before childbirth (β = -0.08, 95% CI = -0.15, -0.02) and sexual abuse against women before childbirth (β = -0.22, 95% CI = -0.43 to -0.01) were significantly associated with reduced newborn TL. This study is the first to provide evidence of an association between IPV against women before childbirth and TL shortening in their newborns. Through TL- dependent transcription and epigenetic mechanisms, our finding suggests maternal exposure to IPV may exert a life-long impact on the offspring's health.
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24
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Wang L, Koenig HG, He Z, Sun X, Shohaib SA, Wang Z. Religiosity and Telomere Length: Moderating Effect of Religiosity on the Relationship Between High-Risk Polymorphisms of the Apolipoprotein E and TOMM40 Gene and Telomere Length. J Appl Gerontol 2019; 39:627-634. [PMID: 31339412 DOI: 10.1177/0733464819865415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The current study seeks to examine the relationship between religiosity and telomere length (TL) in an older Chinese Muslim sample and to explore the moderating effect of religiosity on the relationship between high-risk polymorphisms and TL. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 1,692 community-dwelling adults aged 55 or older was conducted. Apolipoprotein E and TOMM40 (rs2075650) gene polymorphisms and TL were determined using standard procedures. Ordinal logistic regression was used to examine the associations. Results: Religiosity was significantly and positively related to TL. A significant interaction emerged between religiosity and the rs2075650 G polymorphism in predicting TL. Stratified multivariate analyses demonstrated that the relationship between the rs2075650 G state and TL was particularly strong among those who were more religious, as hypothesized. Conclusion: The findings revealed that religiosity may influence cellular aging in part by modifying the effect that high-risk genes have on increasing vulnerability to dementia and cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Wang
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Harold G Koenig
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.,Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.,King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Xiaoya Sun
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | | | - Zhizhong Wang
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.,Zunyi Medical University, China
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25
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Monroy-Jaramillo N, Dyukova E, Walss-Bass C. Telomere length in psychiatric disorders: Is it more than an ageing marker? World J Biol Psychiatry 2019; 19:S2-S20. [PMID: 28000540 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2016.1273550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Psychiatric and substance-use disorders have been associated with premature biological ageing. Telomere length (TL), considered an ageing marker, has been analysed in psychiatric disorders, and to a lesser extent in substance-use disorders, with recent findings suggesting TL may be related to disease pathology. METHODS We conducted a critical and non-systematic literature search of TL studies published up to June 2016 in psychiatric and substance-use disorders, focussing on studies describing mechanisms, including studies linking telomere biology with genetic factors, stress and mitochondrial alterations (104 studies selected). RESULTS Patients with major depressive disorder and anxiety appear to have shorter leukocyte telomeres compared to controls. Inconclusive results are found for other psychiatric disorders and for substance-use disorders. This may be due in part to differences in medication treatment and response, as studies suggest that some psychotropic medications may modulate TL. Importantly, some studies establish a relationship between telomere machinery, stress and mitochondria function in psychiatric and substance-use disorders. CONCLUSIONS While further longitudinal studies considering telomere genetics are needed to clarify the cause-effect link between telomeres and mitochondria function in psychiatric and substance-use disorders, the recent findings linking these biological processes suggest that telomeres may be more than ageing markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Monroy-Jaramillo
- a Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences , McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) , Houston , TX , USA.,b Department of Genetics , National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Manuel Velasco Suarez , Mexico City , Mexico
| | - Elena Dyukova
- a Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences , McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Consuelo Walss-Bass
- a Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences , McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) , Houston , TX , USA
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26
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Tian Y, Wang S, Jiao F, Kong Q, Liu C, Wu Y. Telomere Length: A Potential Biomarker for the Risk and Prognosis of Stroke. Front Neurol 2019; 10:624. [PMID: 31263449 PMCID: PMC6585102 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Age is associated with increased risk of stroke, while telomere length shortening plays a pivotal role in the process of aging. Moreover, telomere length shortening is associated with many risk factors of stroke in addition to age. Accumulated evidence shows that short leukocyte telomere length is not only associated with stroke occurrence but also associated with post-stroke recovery in the elderly population. In this review, we aimed to summarize the association between leukocyte telomere length and stroke, and discuss that telomere length might serve as a potential biomarker to predict the risk and prognosis of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Tian
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Fengjuan Jiao
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Qingsheng Kong
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Chuanxin Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yili Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.,Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
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27
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Effects of Inflammation and Depression on Telomere Length in Young Adults in the United States. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8050711. [PMID: 31109116 PMCID: PMC6572156 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8050711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the associations of inflammation and depression with telomere length. Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2002, the current study assessed the effects of inflammation and depression on telomere length in 1141 young adults in the USA. Depression status was assessed from the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview and inflammation status was measured based on C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations. Information on telomere length was obtained using the quantitative polymerase chain reaction method to measure telomere length relative to standard reference DNA (T/S ratio). Unadjusted and adjusted linear and logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between the tertiles of CRP concentration and the telomere length stratified by the status of depression such as major depression or depressed affect vs. no depression. The adjusted models were controlled for age, family poverty income ratio, race/ethnicity, marital status, physical activity, body mass index, and alcohol drinking status. A significant and decreasing linear trend in telomere length was found as CRP levels increased in men, regardless of the depression status, and women with major depression or depressed affect (p values < 0.05). Among men without depression, those with an elevated CRP level had increased odds of having a shortened telomere length compared to men with low CRP levels after controlling for covariates (adjusted odds ratio 1.77, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.09–2.90). In women, there was no association between CRP and telomere length, regardless of the depression status. In conclusion, there was a significant and inverse association between inflammation and telomere length according to the depression status in men but not in women. The present findings may be of clinical significance for the monitoring of inflammation levels and depression status as determinants of telomere length.
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28
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Daechavijit P, Siridonthanakasem J, Wongsupha P, Yuktanandana P, Honsawek S. Relative Telomere Length in Blood Leukocytes of Patients with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: A Pilot Study. Malays Orthop J 2019; 13:8-13. [PMID: 31001377 PMCID: PMC6459039 DOI: 10.5704/moj.1903.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear is the most common knee ligament injury, especially in athletes. The objective of this study was to investigate relative telomere length (RTL) in blood leukocytes of patients with ACL injury compared with that of controls. Materials and Methods: A total of 187 subjects were invited to participate in this study. Ninety-two patients with clinically diagnosed ACL rupture were enrolled. Ninety-five age and gender-matched healthy controls were also recruited. Blood leukocyte RTL were analysed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: Patients with ACL rupture had significantly longer relative telomere length than healthy controls (P=0.002). The patients with ACL rupture were classified into two groups according to the sport history of patients which are contact sports and non-contact sports. RTL in patients with non-contact sports was significantly greater than those with contact sports (P=0.006). Moreover, RTL was inversely correlated with body mass index of patients with ACL injury (r=-0.34, P=0.001). Logistic regression analysis indicated that long RTL was associated with a higher risk of ACL rupture. Conclusion: The present study showed that subjects with ACL rupture had significantly greater telomere length compared with their age and gender-matched controls. This finding may result from the increases in physical activity and overexpression of telomerase which acts as a protective mechanism against ACL injury. RTL in blood leukocytes is associated with a risk of ACL rupture.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Daechavijit
- Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Orthopaedics, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - J Siridonthanakasem
- Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Orthopaedics, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - P Wongsupha
- Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Orthopaedics, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - P Yuktanandana
- Department of Orthopaedics, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - S Honsawek
- Department of Orthopaedics, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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29
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Should we consider telomere length and telomerase activity in male factor infertility? Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2019; 30:197-202. [PMID: 29664790 DOI: 10.1097/gco.0000000000000451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to analyze what is known to date about the relation between telomeres and male fertility, and if it is possible for telomeres, or elements related to them, to be used as new prognostic biomarkers in fertility treatment. RECENT FINDINGS Cells in germ series, including spermatozoids, have longer telomeres (10-20 kb), and do not seem to undergo the shortening that takes place in somatic cells with age as they present telomerase activity. Longer telomere length found in the sperm of older fathers, influences their offspring possessing cells with longer telomere length. Infertile patients have spermatozoids with shorter telomere length than fertile people, but telomere length does neither correlate with the sperm concentration, mobility or morphology, nor with the DNA fragmentation indices (DFI) of spermatozoids. Embryo quality rate and transplantable embryo rate are related with the telomere length of spermatozoids (STL), but pregnancy rates are not affected. SUMMARY Telomere length and telomerase levels can be used as biomarkers of male fertility. Higher STL can have beneficial effects on fertility, thus the use of spermatozoids with longer telomere length in an assisted reproduction technique (ART) could be one way of solving some infertility cases.
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30
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Argüelles S, Guerrero-Castilla A, Cano M, Muñoz MF, Ayala A. Advantages and disadvantages of apoptosis in the aging process. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2019; 1443:20-33. [PMID: 30839127 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Researchers cannot predict as yet how long a human being can live. Life expectancy has been steadily increasing in the last century, but perhaps not always the quality of life in parallel with it. Future generations will be faced with the problems of an increased life expectancy along with the emergence of new age-related diseases. A deeper understanding of the aging process is crucial to ameliorate, if not to prevent, these projected new old-age diseases. One of the mechanisms responsible for healthy aging is through the effective maintenance of physiological, biochemical, and immunological functions. To carry this out, the organism needs to create new cells to replace old ones and to induce the disappearance of old and damaged cells. Apoptosis is involved in all these processes. However, if apoptosis is dysregulated, premature senescence-associated diseases are likely to appear. In our review, the focus will be on a better understanding of the role of apoptosis in the aging process. These signaling pathways will most assuredly be pharmacologically targeted in antiaging medicine therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Argüelles
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Mercedes Cano
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Mario F Muñoz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Antonio Ayala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
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31
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Anitha A, Thanseem I, Vasu MM, Viswambharan V, Poovathinal SA. Telomeres in neurological disorders. Adv Clin Chem 2019; 90:81-132. [PMID: 31122612 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ever since their discovery, the telomeres and the telomerase have been topics of intensive research, first as a mechanism of cellular aging and later as an indicator of health and diseases in humans. By protecting the chromosome ends, the telomeres play a vital role in preserving the information in our genome. Telomeres shorten with age and the rate of telomere erosion provides insight into the proliferation history of cells. The pace of telomere attrition is known to increase at the onset of several pathological conditions. Telomere shortening has been emerging as a potential contributor in the pathogenesis of several neurological disorders including autism spectrum disorders (ASD), schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD) and depression. The rate of telomere attrition in the brain is slower than that of other tissues owing to the low rate of cell proliferation in brain. Telomere maintenance is crucial for the functioning of stem cells in brain. Taking together the studies on telomere attrition in various neurological disorders, an association between telomere shortening and disease status has been demonstrated in schizophrenia, AD and depression, in spite of a few negative reports. But, studies in ASD and PD have failed to produce conclusive results. The cause-effect relationship between TL and neurological disorders is yet to be elucidated. The factors responsible for telomere erosion, which have also been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders, need to be explored in detail. Telomerase activation is now being considered as a potential therapeutic strategy for neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayyappan Anitha
- Institute for Communicative and Cognitive Neurosciences (ICCONS), Palakkad, Kerala, India.
| | - Ismail Thanseem
- Institute for Communicative and Cognitive Neurosciences (ICCONS), Palakkad, Kerala, India
| | - Mahesh Mundalil Vasu
- Institute for Communicative and Cognitive Neurosciences (ICCONS), Palakkad, Kerala, India
| | - Vijitha Viswambharan
- Institute for Communicative and Cognitive Neurosciences (ICCONS), Palakkad, Kerala, India
| | - Suresh A Poovathinal
- Institute for Communicative and Cognitive Neurosciences (ICCONS), Palakkad, Kerala, India
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32
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Baselet B, Sonveaux P, Baatout S, Aerts A. Pathological effects of ionizing radiation: endothelial activation and dysfunction. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:699-728. [PMID: 30377700 PMCID: PMC6514067 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2956-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The endothelium, a tissue that forms a single layer of cells lining various organs and cavities of the body, especially the heart and blood as well as lymphatic vessels, plays a complex role in vascular biology. It contributes to key aspects of vascular homeostasis and is also involved in pathophysiological processes, such as thrombosis, inflammation, and hypertension. Epidemiological data show that high doses of ionizing radiation lead to cardiovascular disease over time. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge on endothelial cell activation and dysfunction after ionizing radiation exposure as a central feature preceding the development of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjorn Baselet
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK•CEN), Mol, Belgium
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Sonveaux
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sarah Baatout
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK•CEN), Mol, Belgium
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - An Aerts
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK•CEN), Mol, Belgium.
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33
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Groot HE, Al Ali L, van der Horst ICC, Schurer RAJ, van der Werf HW, Lipsic E, van Veldhuisen DJ, Karper JC, van der Harst P. Plasma interleukin 6 levels are associated with cardiac function after ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Clin Res Cardiol 2018; 108:612-621. [PMID: 30367209 PMCID: PMC6529378 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-018-1387-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background and aims Myocardial infarction triggers an inflammatory response involved in cardiac repair. We studied the association of the interleukin 6 (IL-6) cascade with infarct size and cardiac function after ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods In 369 STEMI patients IL-6, soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R), and soluble glycoprotein (sgp) 130 were measured at baseline (hospital admission), 24 h, 2 weeks, 7 weeks, 4 months, and 1 year post-PCI and sIL-6R/IL-6 ratio was calculated. At 4 months, infarct size and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were assessed by magnetic resonance imaging. Diastolic function (E/e′) was determined by echocardiography. Results Hospital admission levels for IL-6, sIL-6R, sgp 130 were 3.7 pg/ml (IQR 2.1–6.7 pg/ml), 51.6 ng/ml (IQR 37.3–69.0 ng/ml), and 332 ng/ml (IQR 280–399 ng/ml), respectively. 24 h after admission, IL-6 had increased threefold compared to baseline (p < 0.001) and returned below baseline (p < 0.001) 2 weeks after STEMI. sIL-6R and sgp130 levels at 24 h remained similar to baseline but were increased at 2 weeks (p < 0.001; p < 0.001, respectively). IL-6 and sIL-6R/IL-6 ratio at 24 h were independently associated with infarct size [β 5.4 (95% CI 3.3–7.5); p < 0.001, β − 4.0 (95% CI − 6.1 to − 1.9); p < 0.001, respectively]. Higher levels of IL-6 at 24 h were associated with lower LVEF [β − 4.2 (95% CI -6.7 to − 1.8); p = 0.001]. Conclusions Higher IL-6 and lower sIL-6R/IL-6 ratio early after presentation with STEMI are indicative for larger infarct size and decreased cardiac function at 4 months. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00392-018-1387-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilde E Groot
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lawien Al Ali
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Iwan C C van der Horst
- Department of Critical Care, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Remco A J Schurer
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hindrik W van der Werf
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Lipsic
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk J van Veldhuisen
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jacco C Karper
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Solana C, Pereira D, Tarazona R. Early Senescence and Leukocyte Telomere Shortening in SCHIZOPHRENIA: A Role for Cytomegalovirus Infection? Brain Sci 2018; 8:brainsci8100188. [PMID: 30340343 PMCID: PMC6210638 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci8100188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a severe, chronic mental disorder characterized by delusions and hallucinations. Several evidences support the link of schizophrenia with accelerated telomeres shortening and accelerated aging. Thus, schizophrenia patients show higher mortality compared to age-matched healthy donors. The etiology of schizophrenia is multifactorial, involving genetic and environmental factors. Telomere erosion has been shown to be accelerated by different factors including environmental factors such as cigarette smoking and chronic alcohol consumption or by psychosocial stress such as childhood maltreatment. In humans, telomere studies have mainly relied on measurements of leukocyte telomere length and it is generally accepted that individuals with short leukocyte telomere length are considered biologically older than those with longer ones. A dysregulation of both innate and adaptive immune systems has been described in schizophrenia patients and other mental diseases supporting the contribution of the immune system to disease symptoms. Thus, it has been suggested that abnormal immune activation with high pro-inflammatory cytokine production in response to still undefined environmental agents such as herpesviruses infections can be involved in the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of schizophrenia. It has been proposed that chronic inflammation and oxidative stress are involved in the course of schizophrenia illness, early onset of cardiovascular disease, accelerated aging, and premature mortality in schizophrenia. Prenatal or neonatal exposures to neurotropic pathogens such as Cytomegalovirus or Toxoplasma gondii have been proposed as environmental risk factors for schizophrenia in individuals with a risk genetic background. Thus, pro-inflammatory cytokines and microglia activation, together with genetic vulnerability, are considered etiological factors for schizophrenia, and support that inflammation status is involved in the course of illness in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corona Solana
- Centro Hospitalar Psiquiatrico de Lisboa, 1700-063 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Diana Pereira
- Centro Hospitalar Psiquiatrico de Lisboa, 1700-063 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Raquel Tarazona
- Immunology Unit, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain.
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Lee JY, Kim JH, Lee DC. Combined Impact of Telomere Length and Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number on Cognitive Function in Community-Dwelling Very Old Adults. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2018; 44:232-243. [PMID: 28982094 DOI: 10.1159/000480427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was conducted to investigate the combined impact of telomere length and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number on cognitive function in community-dwelling very old adults. METHODS In total, 186 subjects over 75 years participated in this study. Cognitive function was assessed using the Korean Mini-Mental State Examination, and leukocyte telomere length and mtDNA copy number were measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction methods. RESULTS Both the fourth quartile of telomere length and mtDNA copy number were associated with cognitive dysfunction with an adjusted odds ratio of 0.23 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.10-0.75) and 0.18 (95% CI, 0.03-0.54), respectively. Participants in the high telomere length/high mtDNA copy number group were more likely to have cognitive dysfunction than participants in the low telomere/low mtDNA copy number group with an adjusted odds ratio of 0.19 (95% CI, 0.07-0.58). CONCLUSION Our results collectively suggest that the combination of telomere length and mtDNA copy number may be useful for monitoring cognitive decline in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee-Yon Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Medical School of CHA University, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Chaum Life Center, Seoul, Korea
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36
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Schoormans D, Vissers PAJ, van Herk‐Sukel MPP, Denollet J, Pedersen SS, Dalton SO, Rottmann N, van de Poll‐Franse L. Incidence of cardiovascular disease up to 13 year after cancer diagnosis: A matched cohort study among 32 757 cancer survivors. Cancer Med 2018; 7:4952-4963. [PMID: 30220107 PMCID: PMC6198235 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among 32 757 cancer survivors and age-, gender-, and geographically matched cancer-free controls during a follow-up period of 1-13 years, and explored whetherCVD incidence differed by received cancer treatment, traditional cardiovascular risk factors, age, or gender. Adult 1-year cancer survivors without a history ofCVD diagnosed with breast (n = 6762), prostate (n = 4504), non-Hodgkin (n = 1553), Hodgkin (n = 173), lung and trachea (n = 2661), basal cell carcinoma (BCC; n = 12 476), and colorectal (n = 4628) cancer during 1999-2011 were selected from the Netherlands Cancer Registry and matched to cancer-free controls without a history ofCVD. Drug dispenses and hospitalizations from thePHARMO Database Network were used as proxy forCVD. Data were analyzed using Cox regression analyses. Prostate (HR: 1.17; 95%CI: 1.01-1.35) and lung and trachea (HR: 1.48; 95%CI: 1.10-1.97) cancer survivors had an increased risk for developingCVD compared to cancer-free controls. This increased risk among lung and trachea cancer survivors remained statistically significant after including traditional cardiovascular risk factors and cancer treatment information (HR: 1.41; 95%CI: 1.06-1.89). Among prostate cancer survivors, the increased risk of incidentCVD was limited to those who received hormones and those without traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Breast, non-Hodgkin,BCC, and colorectal cancer survivors showed no increasedCVD risk compared to cancer-free controls. There was an increased risk of incidentCVD among prostate, and lung and trachea cancer survivors compared to age-, gender- and geographically matched cancer-free controls. Studies including longer follow-up periods are warranted to examine whether cancer survivors are at increased risk of long-term incidentCVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dounya Schoormans
- CoRPS ‐ Center of Research on Psychology in Somatic diseasesDepartment of Medical and Clinical psychologyTilburg UniversityTilburgThe Netherlands
| | - Pauline A. J. Vissers
- CoRPS ‐ Center of Research on Psychology in Somatic diseasesDepartment of Medical and Clinical psychologyTilburg UniversityTilburgThe Netherlands
- Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation (IKNL)UtrechtThe Netherlands
| | | | - Johan Denollet
- CoRPS ‐ Center of Research on Psychology in Somatic diseasesDepartment of Medical and Clinical psychologyTilburg UniversityTilburgThe Netherlands
| | - Susanne S. Pedersen
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
- Department of CardiologyOdense University HospitalOdenseDenmark
| | - Susanne O. Dalton
- Survivorship UnitDanish Cancer Society Research CenterCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Nina Rottmann
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
- National Research Center for Cancer RehabilitationDepartment of Public HealthUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
| | - Lonneke van de Poll‐Franse
- CoRPS ‐ Center of Research on Psychology in Somatic diseasesDepartment of Medical and Clinical psychologyTilburg UniversityTilburgThe Netherlands
- Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation (IKNL)UtrechtThe Netherlands
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
- Division of Psychosocial Research and EpidemiologyNetherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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Chae JB, Rho CR, Shin JA, Lyu J, Kang S. Effects of Ranibizumab, Bevacizumab, and Aflibercept on Senescent Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells. KOREAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2018; 32:328-338. [PMID: 30091312 PMCID: PMC6085187 DOI: 10.3341/kjo.2017.0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents have been used for the last 10 years, but their safety profile, including cytotoxicity against various ocular cells such as retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells, remains a serious concern. Safety studies of VEGF agents conducted to date have primarily relied on healthy RPE cells. In this study, we assessed the safety of three anti-VEGF agents, namely, ranibizumab, bevacizumab, and aflibercept, on senescent RPE cells. METHODS Senescent human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived RPE cells were generated by continuous replication and confirmed with senescence biomarkers. The viability, proliferation, protein expression, and phagocytosis of the senescent RPE cells were characterized 3 days after anti-VEGF treatment with clinical doses of ranibizumab, bevacizumab, or aflibercept. RESULTS Clinical doses of ranibizumab, bevacizumab, or aflibercept did not decrease the viability or alter proliferation of senescent RPE cells. In addition, the anti-VEGF agents did not induce additional senescence, impair the protein expression of zonula occludens-1 and RPE65, or reduce the phagocytosis capacity of senescent RPE cells. CONCLUSIONS Clinical dosages of ranibizumab, bevacizumab, or aflibercept do not induce significant cytotoxicity in senescent RPE cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Byoung Chae
- Department of Medical Science, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Chang Rae Rho
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Ah Shin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jungmook Lyu
- Department of Medical Science, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.,Myunggok Eye Research Institute, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.
| | - Seungbum Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Clinical Research Institute, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.
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Dechsupa S, Yingsakmongkol W, Limthongkul W, Singhatanadgige W, Honsawek S. Relative telomere length and oxidative DNA damage in hypertrophic ligamentum flavum of lumbar spinal stenosis. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5381. [PMID: 30123710 PMCID: PMC6087619 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a common cause of low back pain with degenerative spinal change in older adults. Telomeres are repetitive nucleoprotein DNA sequences of TTAGGG at the ends of chromosomes. Oxidative stress originates from an imbalance in pro-oxidant and antioxidant homeostasis that results in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The purpose of this study was to investigate relative telomere length (RTL) and oxidative DNA damage in ligamentum flavum (LF) tissue from LSS patients. Methods Forty-eight patients with LSS participated in this study. Genomic DNA from non-hypertrophic and hypertrophic LF tissue were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction for relative telomere length (RTL). 8-hydroxy 2'-deoxygaunosine (8-OHdG) levels were determined by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We cultivated LF fibroblast cells from patients in different ages (61, 66, and 77 years). After each cultivation cycle, we examined RTL and senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) expression. Results The hypertrophic LF had significantly lower RTL than non-hypertrophic LF (P = 0.04). The levels of 8-OHdG were significantly higher in hypertrophic LF compared to non-hypertrophic LF (P = 0.02). With advancing cell culture passage, the number of cells in each passage was significantly lower in hypertrophic LF fibroblast cells than non-hypertrophic LF fibroblast cells. When evaluated with SA-β-gal staining, all senescent LF fibroblast cells were observed at earlier passages in hypertrophic LF compared with non-hypertrophic LF fibroblast cells. Discussion Our results showed that patients with LSS displayed an accelerated RTL shortening and high oxidative stress in hypertrophic LF. These findings implied that telomere shortening and oxidative stress may play roles in the pathogenesis of hypertrophic LF in lumbar spinal stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinsuda Dechsupa
- Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeleton Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wicharn Yingsakmongkol
- Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Worawat Limthongkul
- Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Weerasak Singhatanadgige
- Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sittisak Honsawek
- Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeleton Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Athanasoulia-Kaspar AP, Auer MK, Stalla GK, Jakovcevski M. Shorter telomeres associated with high doses of glucocorticoids: the link to increased mortality? Endocr Connect 2018; 7:/journals/ec/aop/ec-18-0362.xml. [PMID: 30352410 PMCID: PMC6215799 DOI: 10.1530/ec-18-0362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients with non-functioning pituitary adenomas exhibit high morbidity and mortality rates. Growth hormone deficiency and high doses of glucocorticoid substitution therapy have been identified as corresponding risk factors. Interestingly, high levels of endogenous cortisol in, e.g., patients with post-traumatic stress disorder or patients with Cushing's disease have been linked to shorter telomere length. Telomeres are noncoding DNA regions located at the end of chromosomes consisting of repetitive DNA sequences which shorten with ageing and hereby determine cell survival. Therefore, telomere length can serve as a predictor for the onset of disease and mortality in some endocrine disorders (e.g., Cushing's disease). DESIGN/METHODS We examine telomere length from blood in patients (n = 115) with non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPA) in a cross-sectional case control (n = 106, age-, gender- matched) study using qPCR. Linear regression models were used to identify independent predictors of telomere length. RESULTS We show that patients with NFPA exhibited shorter telomeres than controls. No significant association of indices of growth hormone deficiency (IGF-1-level-SDS, years of unsubstituted growth hormone deficiency etc.) with telomere length was detected. Interestingly, linear regression analysis showed that hydrocortisone replacement dosage in patients with adrenal insufficiency (n = 52) was a significant predictor for shorter telomere length (β = 0.377; p = 0.018) independent of potential confounders. Median split analysis revealed that higher hydrocortisone intake (> 20 mg) was associated with significantly shorter telomeres. CONCLUSION These observations strengthen the importance of adjusted glucocorticoid treatment in NFPA patients with respect to morbidity and mortality rates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthias K Auer
- Clinical NeuroendocrinologyMax Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IVKlinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Günter K Stalla
- Clinical NeuroendocrinologyMax Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Mira Jakovcevski
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and NeurogeneticsMax Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
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40
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Klegarth AR, Eisenberg DTA. Mammalian chromosome-telomere length dynamics. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:180492. [PMID: 30109098 PMCID: PMC6083700 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.180492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Individual chromosome arms have specific individual telomere lengths (TLs). Past studies within species have shown strong positive correlations between individual chromosome length and TL at that chromosome. While the reasons for these associations are unclear, the strength and consistency of the associations across disparate taxa suggest that this is important to telomere biology and should be explored further. If TL is primarily determined by chromosome length, then chromosome length should be considered and controlled for in cross-species analyses of TL. Here, we employ a cross-species approach to explore whether the chromosome length-TL association observed intraspecifically is a determinant of mean TL across species. Data were compiled from two studies characterizing TL across a range of mammalian taxa and analysed in a phylogenetic framework. We found no significant relationship between TL and chromosome size across mammals or within mammalians orders. The pattern trends in the expected direction and we suggest may be masked by evolutionary lag effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy R. Klegarth
- Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, 314 Denny Hall, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
- Center for Studies in Demography and Ecology, University of Washington, 230 Raitt Hall, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Dan T. A. Eisenberg
- Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, 314 Denny Hall, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
- Center for Studies in Demography and Ecology, University of Washington, 230 Raitt Hall, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
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Chang SC, Crous-Bou M, Prescott J, Rosner B, Simon NM, Wang W, De Vivo I, Okereke OI. Prospective association of depression and phobic anxiety with changes in telomere lengths over 11 years. Depress Anxiety 2018; 35:431-439. [PMID: 29486096 PMCID: PMC6085135 DOI: 10.1002/da.22732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although depression and anxiety have been associated with shorter telomeres in cross-sectional studies, the data regarding the prospective relations of depression and anxiety to accelerated telomere length shortening are limited and findings are mixed. We prospectively examined relations of baseline depression and phobic anxiety to subsequent 11-year change in relative leukocyte telomere lengths (LTLs). METHODS We selected 1,250 women from a subcohort of the Nurses' Health Study who provided blood specimens at both blood collections (1989-1990 and 2000-2001). Depression was defined by self-reported regular antidepressant use or presence of severe depressive symptoms; anxiety symptoms were assessed using the Crown-Crisp Experiential Index. Using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay, LTLs were measured as the copy number ratio of telomere repeat to a single control gene. Changes in LTLs were defined in three ways: absolute change, symmetrized percent change, and decile shift. RESULTS Overall, there were no statistically significant associations of depression or phobic anxiety to subsequent 11-year LTL shortening, despite a point estimates in the direction of greater telomere shortening among participants with versus without depression, across all three metrics of telomere change. The strongest predictor of LTL change was baseline telomere length, and regression-to-the-mean was observed. CONCLUSION Baseline depression and phobic anxiety were not significantly associated with 11-year attrition in LTLs among 1,250 mid-life and older women. However, a suggestion of depression and greater subsequent LTL attrition, while not statistically significant, may warrant further inquiry, particularly in prospective studies with larger sample sizes and broader windows of the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Chiao Chang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Marta Crous-Bou
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Clinical Research Program, Barcelona Beta Brain Research Center, 08005 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jennifer Prescott
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Bernard Rosner
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Naomi M. Simon
- Anxiety and Complicated Grief Program, Department of Psychiatry, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York NY 10016 USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Immaculata De Vivo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Olivia I. Okereke
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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Entringer S, de Punder K, Buss C, Wadhwa PD. The fetal programming of telomere biology hypothesis: an update. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2018; 373:20170151. [PMID: 29335381 PMCID: PMC5784074 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2017.0151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on mechanisms underlying fetal programming of health and disease risk has focused primarily on processes that are specific to cell types, organs or phenotypes of interest. However, the observation that developmental conditions concomitantly influence a diverse set of phenotypes, the majority of which are implicated in age-related disorders, raises the possibility that such developmental conditions may additionally exert effects via a common underlying mechanism that involves cellular/molecular ageing-related processes. In this context, we submit that telomere biology represents a process of particular interest in humans because, firstly, this system represents among the most salient antecedent cellular phenotypes for common age-related disorders; secondly, its initial (newborn) setting appears to be particularly important for its long-term effects; and thirdly, its initial setting appears to be plastic and under developmental regulation. We propose that the effects of suboptimal intrauterine conditions on the initial setting of telomere length and telomerase expression/activity capacity may be mediated by the programming actions of stress-related maternal-placental-fetal oxidative, immune, endocrine and metabolic pathways in a manner that may ultimately accelerate cellular dysfunction, ageing and disease susceptibility over the lifespan. This perspectives paper provides an overview of each of the elements underlying this hypothesis, with an emphasis on recent developments, findings and future directions.This article is part of the theme issue 'Understanding diversity in telomere dynamics'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Entringer
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Institute of Medical Psychology, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Development, Health and Disease Research Program, University of California, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Karin de Punder
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Institute of Medical Psychology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Buss
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Institute of Medical Psychology, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Development, Health and Disease Research Program, University of California, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Pathik D Wadhwa
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Development, Health and Disease Research Program, University of California, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
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Ajaykumar A, Soudeyns H, Kakkar F, Brophy J, Bitnun A, Alimenti A, Albert AYK, Money DM, Côté HCF. Leukocyte Telomere Length at Birth and During the Early Life of Children Exposed to but Uninfected With HIV After In Utero Exposure to Antiretrovirals. J Infect Dis 2018; 217:710-720. [PMID: 29228317 PMCID: PMC5853286 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jix618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Maternal combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) during pregnancy could impact the health of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-exposed, HIV-uninfected (HEU) children, because some antiretrovirals cross the placenta and can inhibit telomerase. Our objective was to compare leukocyte telomere length (LTL) in HEU children and HIV-unexposed, HIV-uninfected (HUU) children at birth and in early life and to investigate any relationship with cART exposure. Methods HEU and HUU children's blood LTL was compared cross-sectionally at birth, and during the first three years of life. Longitudinal HEU LTL dynamics was evaluated over that same period. Results At birth, the LTL in HEU children (n = 114) was not shorter than that in HUU children (n = 86), but female infants had longer LTL than male infants. Maternal cART (duration or type) showed no association with shorter infant LTL. Among 214 HEU children age- and sex-matched at a 1:1 ratio to HUU children, LTL declined similarly in both groups. In a longitudinal analysis, LTL attrition in HEU children was rapid from birth to 1 year of age and gradual thereafter. Zidovudine prophylaxis did not significantly alter LTL. Conclusions Our results indicate that from birth to 3 years of age, the LTL in HEU children is not negatively affected by exposure to maternal HIV infection and cART, at least not to the regimens used within this Canadian cohort, a reassuring finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Ajaykumar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Hugo Soudeyns
- Unité d’immunopathologie virale, Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Fatima Kakkar
- Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jason Brophy
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Ari Bitnun
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ariane Alimenti
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- BC Women’s Hospital and Health Centre, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Arianne Y K Albert
- BC Women’s Hospital and Health Centre, Vancouver, Canada
- Women’s Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Deborah M Money
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- BC Women’s Hospital and Health Centre, Vancouver, Canada
- Women’s Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Hélène C F Côté
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Women’s Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
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Izzo C, Carrizzo A, Alfano A, Virtuoso N, Capunzo M, Calabrese M, De Simone E, Sciarretta S, Frati G, Oliveti M, Damato A, Ambrosio M, De Caro F, Remondelli P, Vecchione C. The Impact of Aging on Cardio and Cerebrovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E481. [PMID: 29415476 PMCID: PMC5855703 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing number of evidences report that aging represents the major risk factor for the development of cardio and cerebrovascular diseases. Understanding Aging from a genetic, biochemical and physiological point of view could be helpful to design a better medical approach and to elaborate the best therapeutic strategy to adopt, without neglecting all the risk factors associated with advanced age. Of course, the better way should always be understanding risk-to-benefit ratio, maintenance of independence and reduction of symptoms. Although improvements in treatment of cardiovascular diseases in the elderly population have increased the survival rate, several studies are needed to understand the best management option to improve therapeutic outcomes. The aim of this review is to give a 360° panorama on what goes on in the fragile ecosystem of elderly, why it happens and what we can do, right now, with the tools at our disposal to slow down aging, until new discoveries on aging, cardio and cerebrovascular diseases are at hand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmine Izzo
- Departement of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (C.I.); (M.C.); (M.O.); (F.D.C.); (P.R.)
| | - Albino Carrizzo
- Vascular Physiopathology Unit, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.C.); (S.S.); (G.F.); (A.D.); (M.A.)
| | - Antonia Alfano
- Heart Department, A.O.U. “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84131 Salerno, Italy; (A.A.); (E.D.S.)
| | - Nicola Virtuoso
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, A.O.U. Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Mario Capunzo
- Departement of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (C.I.); (M.C.); (M.O.); (F.D.C.); (P.R.)
| | - Mariaconsiglia Calabrese
- Rehabilitation Department, A.O.U. “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84131 Salerno, Italy;
| | - Eros De Simone
- Heart Department, A.O.U. “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84131 Salerno, Italy; (A.A.); (E.D.S.)
| | - Sebastiano Sciarretta
- Vascular Physiopathology Unit, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.C.); (S.S.); (G.F.); (A.D.); (M.A.)
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Polo Pontino, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Giacomo Frati
- Vascular Physiopathology Unit, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.C.); (S.S.); (G.F.); (A.D.); (M.A.)
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Polo Pontino, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Marco Oliveti
- Departement of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (C.I.); (M.C.); (M.O.); (F.D.C.); (P.R.)
| | - Antonio Damato
- Vascular Physiopathology Unit, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.C.); (S.S.); (G.F.); (A.D.); (M.A.)
| | - Mariateresa Ambrosio
- Vascular Physiopathology Unit, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.C.); (S.S.); (G.F.); (A.D.); (M.A.)
| | - Francesco De Caro
- Departement of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (C.I.); (M.C.); (M.O.); (F.D.C.); (P.R.)
| | - Paolo Remondelli
- Departement of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (C.I.); (M.C.); (M.O.); (F.D.C.); (P.R.)
| | - Carmine Vecchione
- Departement of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (C.I.); (M.C.); (M.O.); (F.D.C.); (P.R.)
- Vascular Physiopathology Unit, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.C.); (S.S.); (G.F.); (A.D.); (M.A.)
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Korandová M, Krůček T, Szakosová K, Kodrík D, Kühnlein RP, Tomášková J, Čapková Frydrychová R. Chronic low-dose pro-oxidant treatment stimulates transcriptional activity of telomeric retroelements and increases telomere length in Drosophila. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 104:1-8. [PMID: 29122549 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
It has been proposed that oxidative stress, elicited by high levels of reactive oxygen species, accelerates telomere shortening by erosion of telomeric DNA repeats. While most eukaryotes counteract telomere shortening by telomerase-driven addition of these repeats, telomeric loss in Drosophila is compensated by retrotransposition of the telomeric retroelements HeT-A, TART and TAHRE to chromosome ends. In this study we tested the effect of chronic exposure of flies to non-/sub-lethal doses of paraquat, which is a redox cycling compound widely used to induce oxidative stress in various experimental paradigms including telomere length analyses. Indeed, chronic paraquat exposure for five generations resulted in elevated transcriptional activity of both telomeric and non-telomeric transposable elements, and extended telomeric length in the tested fly lines. We propose that low oxidative stress leads to increased telomere length within Drosophila populations. For a mechanistic understanding of the observed phenomenon we discuss two scenarios: adaption, acting through a direct stimulation of telomere extension, or positive selection favoring individuals with longer telomeres within the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michala Korandová
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre AS CR, České Budějovice 37005, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice 37005, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Krůček
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre AS CR, České Budějovice 37005, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice 37005, Czech Republic
| | - Klára Szakosová
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre AS CR, České Budějovice 37005, Czech Republic
| | - Dalibor Kodrík
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre AS CR, České Budějovice 37005, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice 37005, Czech Republic
| | - Ronald P Kühnlein
- Max-Planck-Institut für biophysikalische Chemie, Research Group Molecular Physiology, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jindřiška Tomášková
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre AS CR, České Budějovice 37005, Czech Republic
| | - Radmila Čapková Frydrychová
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre AS CR, České Budějovice 37005, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice 37005, Czech Republic.
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Telomere Biology and Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 19:ijms19010003. [PMID: 29267201 PMCID: PMC5795955 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ascending aortic aneurysms are mostly asymptomatic and present a great risk of aortic dissection or perforation. Consequently, ascending aortic aneurysms are a source of lethality with increased age. Biological aging results in progressive attrition of telomeres, which are the repetitive DNA sequences at the end of chromosomes. These telomeres play an important role in protection of genomic DNA from end-to-end fusions. Telomere maintenance and telomere attrition-associated senescence of endothelial and smooth muscle cells have been indicated to be part of the pathogenesis of degenerative vascular diseases. This systematic review provides an overview of telomeres, telomere-associated proteins and telomerase to the formation and progression of aneurysms of the thoracic ascending aorta. A better understanding of telomere regulation in the vascular pathology might provide new therapeutic approaches. Measurements of telomere length and telomerase activity could be potential prognostic biomarkers for increased risk of death in elderly patients suffering from an aortic aneurysm.
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Mirzakhani H, De Vivo I, Leeder JS, Gaedigk R, Vyhlidal CA, Weiss ST, Tantisira K. Early pregnancy intrauterine fetal exposure to maternal smoking and impact on fetal telomere length. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2017; 218:27-32. [PMID: 28926727 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2017.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reduced telomere length, or its accelerated attrition, has been implicated in aging, mortality, and several human diseases, including respiratory diseases. Age dependent manifestation of telomere-mediated disease during life span indicates the role of developmental stage in these diseases and highlights the importance of fetal developmental process in utero and at earlier life stages. Environmental determinants during developmental and later stages of life could affect telomere length. Smoke exposure as one of these significant determinants have been investigated in association with telomere length in neonates at time of delivery, children and adults. OBJECTIVE We sought to investigate whether intrauterine fetal exposure to tobacco smoking characterized by placenta cotinine levels during early weeks of pregnancy might be associated with shorter relative telomere length (T/S ratio) as compared to fetuses without exposure to tobacco smoking. STUDY DESIGN 207 Human placenta and epithelial lung samples were used for both fetal lung telomere length assessment and measurement of placental cotinine levels. Tissues were obtained from two NICHD-supported tissue retrieval programs with registries for elective abortions, the University of Washington Center for Birth Defects Research (Seattle, WA) and the University of Maryland Brain and Tissue Bank for Developmental Disorders (Baltimore, MD). Cotinine levels (ng/g total placental tissue) were determined in whole cell extracts prepared from human placenta samples to characterize and confirm the cotinine exposure status associated with maternal smoking. Relative telomere length (T/S ratio) in genomic DNA extracted from fetal lung tissue was measured by use of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Multivariable linear regression was used to investigate the relationship between fetal Telomere-to-Single Copy (T/S) ratio and tobacco exposure. RESULTS The estimated post-conception ages for included samples in the study ranged from 54 to 137days (7-19 weeks of gestation); 47.37% of fetal samples had female sex. Of the samples included in the analysis 96 and 111 fetal samples with and without intrauterine tobacco smoking exposure were distinguished. While T/S ratio was not different between those with and without smoking exposure (1.24±0.41 and 1.27±0.48, respectively; P=0.70), a significant effect modification of post-conception age on the relationship of intrauterine smoke exposure on fetal T/S ratio was observed (adjusted coefficient=-0.008, 95% CI: -0.016, -0.0004). The smoke exposure status was associated with T/S ratio after 93-day post conception (adjusted coefficient=-0.29, 95% CI: -0.53, -0.052). CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate a significant association of smoke exposure in utero at early pregnancy with shortened fetal relative telomere length in the developing lung and suggest that the detrimental effect of smoking exposure on future disease sequelae may start at the early stages of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hooman Mirzakhani
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Immaculata De Vivo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Steven Leeder
- Division of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Experimental Therapeutics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Roger Gaedigk
- Division of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Experimental Therapeutics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Carrie A Vyhlidal
- Division of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Experimental Therapeutics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Scott T Weiss
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kelan Tantisira
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Liu H, Zhou G, Chen Q, Ouyang F, Little J, Zhang J, Chen D. Impact of Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate on Newborn Leukocyte Telomere Length. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42160. [PMID: 28186106 PMCID: PMC5301476 DOI: 10.1038/srep42160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The newborn setting of leukocyte telomere length (LTL) likely has important implications for telomere dynamics over the lifespan. However, its determinants are poorly understood. Hormones play an important role during pregnancy and delivery. We hypothesized that exposure to hormones may impact the fetal telomere biology system. To test this hypothesis, cortisol, estradiol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured in cord blood of 821 newborns from a prospective study. After accounting for the effects of potential determinants of newborn LTL, a 10-fold increase in DHEAS concentration was associated with a 0.021 increase in T/S ratio of newborn LTL (95% confidence interval: 0.009-0.034, P = 0.0008). For newborns who fell in the lowest quartile of DHEAS level, the mean newborn LTL was estimated to be approximately 2.0% shorter than the newborns in the highest DHEAS concentration quartile (P = 0.0014). However, no association was found between newborn LTL and cortisol or estradiol. As expected, newborns with higher ROS level (ROS > 260 mol/L) had lower LTL compared to that with lower ROS level (ROS ≤ 260 mol/L) (P = 0.007). There was also an inverse relationship between DHEAS and ROS (P < 1×10-4). Our findings suggest that exposure to DHEAS may exert a "programming" effect on the newborn telomere biology system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Liu
- Ministry of Education and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangdi Zhou
- Ministry of Education and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Ministry of Education and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengxiu Ouyang
- Ministry of Education and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Julian Little
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Jun Zhang
- Ministry of Education and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Ministry of Education and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Siland JE, Geelhoed B, van Gelder IC, van der Harst P, Rienstra M. Telomere length and incident atrial fibrillation - data of the PREVEND cohort. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171545. [PMID: 28158257 PMCID: PMC5291433 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) increases with age. Telomere length is considered a marker of biological ageing. We investigated the association between leukocyte telomere length and incident AF in the Dutch Prevention of Renal and Vascular End-stage Disease (PREVEND) study. METHODS We included 7775 individuals without prevalent AF, and with leukocyte telomere length measured. Mean telomere length was determined by a monochrome multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction-based assay. RESULTS Mean age of our cohort was 49±13 years, and 50% were men. During a mean follow-up of 11.4±2.9 years incident AF was detected in 367 (4.7%) individuals. Telomere length was shorter in individuals developing incident AF compared to those without AF (p = 0.013). Incident AF was inversely related to the telomere length. In the quartile with the longest telomere length 68 (3.5%) individuals developed AF, in the shortest telomere length quartile 100 (5.1%) individuals (p = 0.032). Telomere length was associated with incident AF in the second shortest telomere length quartile using the longest telomere length quartile as reference (hazard ratio 1.64; 95% CI 1.02-2.66; p = 0.043). After including age or AF risk factors, the relation between telomere length and incident AF was no longer significant. We found a significant interaction of age, male sex, systolic blood pressure, BMI, heart failure, and myocardial infarction with telomere length for the association with incident AF. CONCLUSIONS We found that shorter leukocyte telomere length is not independently associated with incident AF in a community-based cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joylene E. Siland
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan Geelhoed
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Isabelle C. van Gelder
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Michiel Rienstra
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
Telomeres are repetitive ribonucleoprotein complexes present at ends of chromosomes. To synthesize this manuscript, a thorough literature search was done using PubMed, MEDLINE and Cochrane review for English-language literature and data available from the period of 2005–2016 were analyzed for manuscript writing. Telomeres help in maintaining the cellular health, inbuilt cellular mechanisms, metabolism and normal cell cycle. Telomerase is a specialized enzyme that possesses catalytic subunits - reverse transcriptase, Terc and dyskerin. Mutations affecting telomere or any component of telomerase enzyme result in disorders such as dyskeratosis congenita, aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes and leukemias. Thus, it is important to understand the telomere biology so as to deal with normal physiologic processes such as apoptosis, aging and senescence and tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailja Chatterjee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, MMCDSR, MM University, Ambala, Haryana, India
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