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CHAIWORAPONGSA T, ROMERO R, GOMEZ-LOPEZ N, SUKSAI M, GALLO DM, JUNG E, BERRY SM, AWONUGA A, TARCA AL, BRYANT DR. Preeclampsia at term: evidence of disease heterogeneity based on the profile of circulating cytokines and angiogenic factors. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2024; 230:450.e1-450.e18. [PMID: 37806612 PMCID: PMC10990810 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intravascular inflammation and an antiangiogenic state have been implicated in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia. On the basis of the profiles of their angiogenic/antiangiogenic factors, women with preeclampsia at term may be classified into 2 subgroups with different characteristics and prevalence of adverse outcomes. This study was undertaken to examine whether these 2 subgroups of preeclampsia at term also show differences in their profiles of intravascular inflammation. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the plasma profiles of cytokines and chemokines in women with preeclampsia at term who had a normal or an abnormal angiogenic profile. STUDY DESIGN A nested case-control study was conducted to include women classified into 3 groups: women with an uncomplicated pregnancy (n=213) and women with preeclampsia at term with a normal (n=55) or an abnormal (n=41) angiogenic profile. An abnormal angiogenic profile was defined as a plasma ratio of placental growth factor and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 multiple of the median <10th percentile for gestational age. Concentrations of cytokines were measured by multiplex immunoassays. RESULTS Women with preeclampsia at term and an abnormal angiogenic profile showed evidence of the greatest intravascular inflammation among the study groups. These women had higher plasma concentrations of 5 cytokines (interleukin-6, interleukin-8, interleukin-12/interleukin-23p40, interleukin-15, and interleukin-16) and 7 chemokines (eotaxin, eotaxin-3, interferon-γ inducible protein-10, monocyte chemotactic protein-4, macrophage inflammatory protein-1β, macrophage-derived chemokine, and thymus and activation-regulated chemokine compared to women with an uncomplicated pregnancy. By contrast, women with preeclampsia at term and a normal angiogenic profile, compared to women with an uncomplicated pregnancy, had only a higher plasma concentration of monocyte chemotactic protein-4. A correlation between severity of the antiangiogenic state, blood pressure, and plasma concentrations of a subset of cytokines was observed. CONCLUSION Term preeclampsia can be classified into 2 clusters. One is characterized by an antiangiogenic state coupled with an excessive inflammatory process, whereas the other has neither of these features. These findings further support the heterogeneity of preeclampsia at term and may explain the distinct clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tinnakorn CHAIWORAPONGSA
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Roberto ROMERO
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Nardhy GOMEZ-LOPEZ
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Manaphat SUKSAI
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Dahiana M. GALLO
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Eunjung JUNG
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Stanley M. BERRY
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Awoniyi AWONUGA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Adi L. TARCA
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University College of Engineering, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - David R. BRYANT
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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Chatterjee N, Komaravolu RK, Durant CP, Wu R, McSkimming C, Drago F, Kumar S, Valentin-Guillama G, Miller YI, McNamara CA, Ley K, Taylor A, Alimadadi A, Hedrick CC. Single Cell High Dimensional Analysis of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Reveals Unique Intermediate Monocyte Subsets Associated with Sex Differences in Coronary Artery Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2894. [PMID: 38474140 PMCID: PMC10932111 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Monocytes are associated with human cardiovascular disease progression. Monocytes are segregated into three major subsets: classical (cMo), intermediate (iMo), and nonclassical (nMo). Recent studies have identified heterogeneity within each of these main monocyte classes, yet the extent to which these subsets contribute to heart disease progression is not known. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were obtained from 61 human subjects within the Coronary Assessment of Virginia (CAVA) Cohort. Coronary atherosclerosis severity was quantified using the Gensini Score (GS). We employed high-dimensional single-cell transcriptome and protein methods to define how human monocytes differ in subjects with low to severe coronary artery disease. We analyzed 487 immune-related genes and 49 surface proteins at the single-cell level using Antibody-Seq (Ab-Seq). We identified six subsets of myeloid cells (cMo, iMo, nMo, plasmacytoid DC, classical DC, and DC3) at the single-cell level based on surface proteins, and we associated these subsets with coronary artery disease (CAD) incidence based on Gensini score (GS) in each subject. Only frequencies of iMo were associated with high CAD (GS > 32), adj.p = 0.024. Spearman correlation analysis with GS from each subject revealed a positive correlation with iMo frequencies (r = 0.314, p = 0.014) and further showed a robust sex-dependent positive correlation in female subjects (r = 0.663, p = 0.004). cMo frequencies did not correlate with CAD severity. Key gene pathways differed in iMo among low and high CAD subjects and between males and females. Further single-cell analysis of iMo revealed three iMo subsets in human PBMC, distinguished by the expression of HLA-DR, CXCR3, and CD206. We found that the frequency of immunoregulatory iMo_HLA-DR+CXCR3+CD206+ was associated with CAD severity (adj.p = 0.006). The immunoregulatory iMo subset positively correlated with GS in both females (r = 0.660, p = 0.004) and males (r = 0.315, p = 0.037). Cell interaction analyses identified strong interactions of iMo with CD4+ effector/memory T cells and Tregs from the same subjects. This study shows the importance of iMo in CAD progression and suggests that iMo may have important functional roles in modulating CAD risk, particularly among females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandini Chatterjee
- La Jolla Institute of Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (N.C.); (K.L.)
| | - Ravi K. Komaravolu
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Center of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (R.K.K.)
| | | | - Runpei Wu
- La Jolla Institute of Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (N.C.); (K.L.)
| | - Chantel McSkimming
- Beirne Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA (A.T.)
| | - Fabrizio Drago
- Beirne Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA (A.T.)
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Center of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (R.K.K.)
| | - Gabriel Valentin-Guillama
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Center of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (R.K.K.)
| | - Yury I. Miller
- Division of Endocrinology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Coleen A. McNamara
- Beirne Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA (A.T.)
| | - Klaus Ley
- La Jolla Institute of Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (N.C.); (K.L.)
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Center of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (R.K.K.)
| | - Angela Taylor
- Beirne Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA (A.T.)
| | - Ahmad Alimadadi
- La Jolla Institute of Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (N.C.); (K.L.)
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Center of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (R.K.K.)
| | - Catherine C. Hedrick
- La Jolla Institute of Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (N.C.); (K.L.)
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Center of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (R.K.K.)
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Yuan Z. Research progress of CXCR3 inhibitors. Anticancer Drugs 2024; 35:36-45. [PMID: 37694856 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
The human CXCR3 receptor was initially identified and cloned in the mid-1990s. In the process of understanding CXCR3, it gradually found that it plays an important role in the process of a variety of diseases, including inflammation, immune diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, central nervous system diseases, etc., which attracted the attention of many researchers. Subsequently, some small molecule inhibitors targeting CXCR3 receptors were also developed. Unfortunately, no CXCR3 inhibitors have been approved for marketing by FDA. Up to now, only one CXCR3 small molecule inhibitor has entered the clinical trial stage, but it has not achieved ideal results in the end. Therefore, there is still much to think about and explore for the development of CXCR3 inhibitors. This article reviews the important role of CXCR3 in various physiological and pathological processes and some small molecule inhibitors of CXCR3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Tang WHW. Targeting anti-CXCR3 autoantibodies as potential cardioprotective therapy: promises and challenges. Eur Heart J 2023; 44:4950-4952. [PMID: 37944029 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wai Hong Wilson Tang
- Kaufman Center for Heart Failure Treatment and Recovery, Heart Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Desk J3-4, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Desk J3-4, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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Müller FS, Aherrahrou Z, Grasshoff H, Heidorn MW, Humrich JY, Johanson L, Aherrahrou R, Reinberger T, Schulz A, ten Cate V, Robles AP, Koeck T, Rapp S, Lange T, Brachaczek L, Luebber F, Erdmann J, Heidecke H, Schulze-Forster K, Dechend R, Lackner KJ, Pfeiffer N, Ghaemi Kerahrodi J, Tüscher O, Schwarting A, Strauch K, Münzel T, Prochaska JH, Riemekasten G, Wild PS. Autoantibodies against the chemokine receptor 3 predict cardiovascular risk. Eur Heart J 2023; 44:4935-4949. [PMID: 37941454 PMCID: PMC10719496 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Chronic inflammation and autoimmunity contribute to cardiovascular (CV) disease. Recently, autoantibodies (aAbs) against the CXC-motif-chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3), a G protein-coupled receptor with a key role in atherosclerosis, have been identified. The role of anti-CXCR3 aAbs for CV risk and disease is unclear. METHODS Anti-CXCR3 aAbs were quantified by a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 5000 participants (availability: 97.1%) of the population-based Gutenberg Health Study with extensive clinical phenotyping. Regression analyses were carried out to identify determinants of anti-CXCR3 aAbs and relevance for clinical outcome (i.e. all-cause mortality, cardiac death, heart failure, and major adverse cardiac events comprising incident coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death). Last, immunization with CXCR3 and passive transfer of aAbs were performed in ApoE(-/-) mice for preclinical validation. RESULTS The analysis sample included 4195 individuals (48% female, mean age 55.5 ± 11 years) after exclusion of individuals with autoimmune disease, immunomodulatory medication, acute infection, and history of cancer. Independent of age, sex, renal function, and traditional CV risk factors, increasing concentrations of anti-CXCR3 aAbs translated into higher intima-media thickness, left ventricular mass, and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide. Adjusted for age and sex, anti-CXCR3 aAbs above the 75th percentile predicted all-cause death [hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval) 1.25 (1.02, 1.52), P = .029], driven by excess cardiac mortality [HR 2.51 (1.21, 5.22), P = .014]. A trend towards a higher risk for major adverse cardiac events [HR 1.42 (1.0, 2.0), P = .05] along with increased risk of incident heart failure [HR per standard deviation increase of anti-CXCR3 aAbs: 1.26 (1.02, 1.56), P = .03] may contribute to this observation. Targeted proteomics revealed a molecular signature of anti-CXCR3 aAbs reflecting immune cell activation and cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions associated with an ongoing T helper cell 1 response. Finally, ApoE(-/-) mice immunized against CXCR3 displayed increased anti-CXCR3 aAbs and exhibited a higher burden of atherosclerosis compared to non-immunized controls, correlating with concentrations of anti-CXCR3 aAbs in the passive transfer model. CONCLUSIONS In individuals free of autoimmune disease, anti-CXCR3 aAbs were abundant, related to CV end-organ damage, and predicted all-cause death as well as cardiac morbidity and mortality in conjunction with the acceleration of experimental atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix S Müller
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Clinical Epidemiology and Systems Medicine, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site RhineMain, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Zouhair Aherrahrou
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hanna Grasshoff
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Marc W Heidorn
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Clinical Epidemiology and Systems Medicine, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site RhineMain, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jens Y Humrich
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Laurence Johanson
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Redouane Aherrahrou
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tobias Reinberger
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Andreas Schulz
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Clinical Epidemiology and Systems Medicine, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Vincent ten Cate
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Clinical Epidemiology and Systems Medicine, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site RhineMain, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz,Germany
| | - Alejandro Pallares Robles
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Clinical Epidemiology and Systems Medicine, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz,Germany
| | - Thomas Koeck
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Clinical Epidemiology and Systems Medicine, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site RhineMain, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Steffen Rapp
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Clinical Epidemiology and Systems Medicine, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site RhineMain, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Tanja Lange
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Center of Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Lukas Brachaczek
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Finn Luebber
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Social Neuroscience Lab, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jeanette Erdmann
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Harald Heidecke
- CellTrend Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung (GmbH), Luckenwalde, Germany
| | - Kai Schulze-Forster
- CellTrend Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung (GmbH), Luckenwalde, Germany
| | - Ralf Dechend
- CellTrend Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung (GmbH), Luckenwalde, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a cooperation of Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, HELIOS Klinikum Berlin Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karl J Lackner
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site RhineMain, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Norbert Pfeiffer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jasmin Ghaemi Kerahrodi
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Oliver Tüscher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute for Molecular Biology (IMB), Working Group Neurocognitive Mechanisms of Mental Resilience, Ackermannweg 4, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Schwarting
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Münzel
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site RhineMain, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz,Germany
| | - Jürgen H Prochaska
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Clinical Epidemiology and Systems Medicine, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site RhineMain, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz,Germany
| | - Gabriela Riemekasten
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Centre for Infection and Inflammation Lübeck (ZIEL), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Philipp S Wild
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Clinical Epidemiology and Systems Medicine, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site RhineMain, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz,Germany
- Institute for Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, Working Group Systems Medicine, Ackermannweg 4, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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Shamsi A, Roghani SA, Abdan Z, Soufivand P, Pournazari M, Bahrehmand F, Vafaei A, Salari N, Soroush MG, Taghadosi M. CXCL9 and its Receptor CXCR3, an Important Link Between Inflammation and Cardiovascular Risks in RA Patients. Inflammation 2023; 46:2374-2385. [PMID: 37542661 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01884-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most common cause of mortality in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and Inflammation has a decisive role in its pathogenesis. CXCL9 contributes to multi aspects of inflammatory reactions associated with the pathogenesis of CVD. In the current study, we evaluated the association of plasma CXCL9 and CXCR3 gene expression with Cardiovascular risk factors in RA patients for the first time. Thirty newly diagnosed, 30 on-treatment RA patients, and 30 healthy subjects were recruited in this study. The plasma concentration of CXCL9 and CXCR3 gene expression were measured using ELISA and Real-Time PCR, respectively. The CVD risk was evaluated using Framingham Risk Score (FRS) and Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE). The plasma levels of CXCL9 were significantly higher in the newly diagnosed and on-treatment RA patients compared to the control group (P < 0.0001 and P < 0.001, respectively). Also, The CXCR3 gene expression was strongly elevated in newly diagnosed and on-treatment patients (P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively). The CXCL9 and CXCR3 were significantly associated with RA disease activity (P = 0.0005, r = 0.436; P = 0.0002, r = 0.463, respectively). The FRS was remarkably higher in newly diagnosed and on-treatment patients (P = 0.014 and P = 0.035, respectively). The CXCR3 gene expression significantly correlated with age, systolic blood pressure, FRS, and SCORE (P = 0.020, r = 0.298; P = 0.006, r = 0.346; P = 0.006, r = 0.349; P = 0.007, r = 0.341, respectively). The CXCL9 plasma concentration had a significant negative correlation with plasma HDL and LDL levels (P = 0.033, r = -0.275; P = 0.021, r = -0.296, respectively). CXCL9 and CXCR3 correlates with different variables of CVD in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsaneh Shamsi
- Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Seyed Askar Roghani
- Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Zahra Abdan
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Parviz Soufivand
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mehran Pournazari
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Fariborz Bahrehmand
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ali Vafaei
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Nader Salari
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Masood Ghasemzade Soroush
- Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mahdi Taghadosi
- Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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7
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Qiao H, Xu Q, Xu Y, Zhao Y, He N, Tang J, Zhao J, Liu Y. Molecular chaperones in stroke-induced immunosuppression. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:2638-2644. [PMID: 37449602 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.373678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke-induced immunosuppression is a process that leads to peripheral suppression of the immune system after a stroke and belongs to the central nervous system injury-induced immunosuppressive syndrome. Stroke-induced immunosuppression leads to increased susceptibility to post-stroke infections, such as urinary tract infections and stroke-associated pneumonia, worsening prognosis. Molecular chaperones are a large class of proteins that are able to maintain proteostasis by directing the folding of nascent polypeptide chains, refolding misfolded proteins, and targeting misfolded proteins for degradation. Various molecular chaperones have been shown to play roles in stroke-induced immunosuppression by modulating the activity of other molecular chaperones, cochaperones, and their associated pathways. This review summarizes the role of molecular chaperones in stroke-induced immunosuppression and discusses new approaches to restore host immune defense after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoduo Qiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University; Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Hunan Province; National Medicine Functional Experimental Teaching Center, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Qing Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University; Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Hunan Province; National Medicine Functional Experimental Teaching Center, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yunfei Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University; Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Hunan Province; National Medicine Functional Experimental Teaching Center, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yao Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University; Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Hunan Province; National Medicine Functional Experimental Teaching Center, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Nina He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University; Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Hunan Province; National Medicine Functional Experimental Teaching Center, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University; Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Hunan Province; National Medicine Functional Experimental Teaching Center, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University; Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Hunan Province; National Medicine Functional Experimental Teaching Center, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
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8
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Kott KA, Chan AS, Vernon ST, Hansen T, Kim T, de Dreu M, Gunasegaran B, Murphy AJ, Patrick E, Psaltis PJ, Grieve SM, Yang JY, Fazekas de St Groth B, McGuire HM, Figtree GA. Mass cytometry analysis reveals altered immune profiles in patients with coronary artery disease. Clin Transl Immunology 2023; 12:e1462. [PMID: 37927302 PMCID: PMC10621005 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The importance of inflammation in atherosclerosis is well accepted, but the role of the adaptive immune system is not yet fully understood. To further explore this, we assessed the circulating immune cell profile of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) to identify discriminatory features by mass cytometry. Methods Mass cytometry was performed on patient samples from the BioHEART-CT study, gated to detect 82 distinct cell subsets. CT coronary angiograms were analysed to categorise patients as having CAD (CAD+) or having normal coronary arteries (CAD-). Results The discovery cohort included 117 patients (mean age 61 ± 12 years, 49% female); 79 patients (68%) were CAD+. Mass cytometry identified changes in 15 T-cell subsets, with higher numbers of proliferating, highly differentiated and cytotoxic cells and decreases in naïve T cells. Five T-regulatory subsets were related to an age and gender-independent increase in the odds of CAD incidence when expressing CCR2 (OR 1.12), CCR4 (OR 1.08), CD38 and CD45RO (OR 1.13), HLA-DR (OR 1.06) and Ki67 (OR 1.22). Markers of proliferation and differentiation were also increased within B cells, while plasmacytoid dendritic cells were decreased. This combination of changes was assessed using SVM models in discovery and validation cohorts (area under the curve = 0.74 for both), confirming the robust nature of the immune signature detected. Conclusion We identified differences within immune subpopulations of CAD+ patients which are indicative of a systemic immune response to coronary atherosclerosis. This immune signature needs further study via incorporation into risk scoring tools for the precision diagnosis of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine A Kott
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular HealthKolling Institute of Medical ResearchSydneyNSWAustralia
- Department of Cardiology, Royal North Shore HospitalNorthern Sydney Local Health DistrictSydneyNSWAustralia
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Adam S Chan
- School of Mathematics and StatisticsUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Charles Perkins CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Stephen T Vernon
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular HealthKolling Institute of Medical ResearchSydneyNSWAustralia
- Department of Cardiology, Royal North Shore HospitalNorthern Sydney Local Health DistrictSydneyNSWAustralia
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Thomas Hansen
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular HealthKolling Institute of Medical ResearchSydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Taiyun Kim
- School of Mathematics and StatisticsUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Charles Perkins CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Macha de Dreu
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Bavani Gunasegaran
- Charles Perkins CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | | | - Ellis Patrick
- School of Mathematics and StatisticsUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Charles Perkins CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | | | - Stuart M Grieve
- Charles Perkins CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Department of RadiologyRoyal Prince Alfred HospitalSydneyNSWAustralia
- Imaging and Phenotyping Laboratory, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Jean Y Yang
- School of Mathematics and StatisticsUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Charles Perkins CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Barbara Fazekas de St Groth
- Charles Perkins CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems BiologyUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Helen M McGuire
- Charles Perkins CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems BiologyUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Gemma A Figtree
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular HealthKolling Institute of Medical ResearchSydneyNSWAustralia
- Department of Cardiology, Royal North Shore HospitalNorthern Sydney Local Health DistrictSydneyNSWAustralia
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Charles Perkins CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
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9
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Alluri SR, Higashi Y, Berendzen A, Grisanti LA, Watkinson LD, Singh K, Hoffman TJ, Carmack T, Devanny EA, Tanner M, Kil KE. Synthesis and preclinical evaluation of a novel fluorine-18 labeled small-molecule PET radiotracer for imaging of CXCR3 receptor in mouse models of atherosclerosis. EJNMMI Res 2023; 13:67. [PMID: 37438543 PMCID: PMC10338423 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-023-01017-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CXCR3 is a chemokine receptor and is expressed in innate and adaptive immune cells. It promotes the recruitment of T-lymphocytes and other immune cells to the inflammatory site in response to the binding of cognate chemokines. Upregulation of CXCR3 and its chemokines has been found during atherosclerotic lesion formation. Therefore, detection of CXCR3 by positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracer can be a useful tool for detecting the development of atherosclerosis in a noninvasive manner. Herein, we report the synthesis, radiosynthesis, and characterization of a novel fluorine-18 (F-18, 18F) labeled small-molecule radiotracer for the imaging of the CXCR3 receptor in mouse models of atherosclerosis. RESULTS The reference standard 1 and its precursor 9 were synthesized over 5 steps from starting materials in good to moderate yields. The measured Ki values of CXCR3A and CXCR3B were 0.81 ± 0.02 nM and 0.31 ± 0.02 nM, respectively. [18F]1 was prepared by a two-step radiosynthesis with a decay-corrected radiochemical yield of 13 ± 2%, radiochemical purity > 99%, and specific activity of 44.4 ± 3.7 GBq/µmol at the end of synthesis (n = 6). The baseline studies showed that [18F]1 displayed high uptake in the atherosclerotic aorta and brown adipose tissue in Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) knockout (KO) mice fed with a high-fat diet over 12 weeks. The uptake of [18F]1 in these regions was reduced significantly in self-blocking studies, demonstrating CXCR3 binding specificity. Contrary to this, no significant differences in uptake of [18F]1 in the abdominal aorta of C57BL/6 control mice fed with a normal diet were observed in both baseline and blocking studies, indicating increased CXCR3 expression in atherosclerotic lesions. Immunohistochemistry studies demonstrated that [18F]1-positive regions were correlated with CXCR3 expression, but some atherosclerotic plaques with significant size were not detected by [18F]1, and their CXCR3 expressions were minimal. CONCLUSION [18F]1 was synthesized with good radiochemical yield and high radiochemical purity. In PET imaging studies, [18F]1 displayed CXCR3-specific uptake in the atherosclerotic aorta in ApoE KO mice. [18F]1 visualized CXCR3 expression in different regions in mice aligned with the tissue histology studies. Taken together, [18F]1 is a potential PET radiotracer for imaging CXCR3 in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh R Alluri
- University of Missouri Research Reactor, University of Missouri, 1513 Research Park Drive, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Yusuke Higashi
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Ashley Berendzen
- Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA
| | - Laurel A Grisanti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Lisa D Watkinson
- Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA
| | - Kamlendra Singh
- Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Timothy J Hoffman
- Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA
| | - Terry Carmack
- Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Devanny
- Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA
| | - Miles Tanner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Kun-Eek Kil
- University of Missouri Research Reactor, University of Missouri, 1513 Research Park Drive, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
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10
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Szukiewicz D. Molecular Mechanisms for the Vicious Cycle between Insulin Resistance and the Inflammatory Response in Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9818. [PMID: 37372966 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The comprehensive anabolic effects of insulin throughout the body, in addition to the control of glycemia, include ensuring lipid homeostasis and anti-inflammatory modulation, especially in adipose tissue (AT). The prevalence of obesity, defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2, has been increasing worldwide on a pandemic scale with accompanying syndemic health problems, including glucose intolerance, insulin resistance (IR), and diabetes. Impaired tissue sensitivity to insulin or IR paradoxically leads to diseases with an inflammatory component despite hyperinsulinemia. Therefore, an excess of visceral AT in obesity initiates chronic low-grade inflammatory conditions that interfere with insulin signaling via insulin receptors (INSRs). Moreover, in response to IR, hyperglycemia itself stimulates a primarily defensive inflammatory response associated with the subsequent release of numerous inflammatory cytokines and a real threat of organ function deterioration. In this review, all components of this vicious cycle are characterized with particular emphasis on the interplay between insulin signaling and both the innate and adaptive immune responses related to obesity. Increased visceral AT accumulation in obesity should be considered the main environmental factor responsible for the disruption in the epigenetic regulatory mechanisms in the immune system, resulting in autoimmunity and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Szukiewicz
- Department of Biophysics, Physiology & Pathophysiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
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11
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Zhang M, Wang X, Chen W, Liu W, Xin J, Yang D, Zhang Z, Zheng X. Integrated bioinformatics analysis for identifying key genes and pathways in female and male patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8977. [PMID: 37268658 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36117-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a common cause of heart failure, and males are more likely to suffer from DCM than females. This research aimed at exploring possible DCM-associated genes and their latent regulatory effects in female and male patients. WGCNA analysis found that in the yellow module, 341 and 367 key DEGs were identified in females and males, respectively. A total of 22 hub genes in females and 17 hub genes in males were identified from the PPI networks of the key DEGs based on Metascape database. And twelve and eight potential TFs of the key DEGs were also identified in females and males, respectively. Eight miRNAs of 15 key DEGs were screened in both females and males, which may be differentially expressed in females and males. Dual-luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that miR-21-5P could directly target the key gene MATN2. Furthermore, Sex differences in KEGG pathways were identified. Both KOBAS and GSEA analysis identified 19 significantly enriched pathways related to immune response in both females and males, and the TGF-β signaling pathway was exclusively identified in males. Network pharmacology analysis revealed that seven key DEGs were potential targets for the treatment of DCM, of which the OLR1 gene was only identified in males, the expression levels of the seven genes were verified by RT-PCR. The above results could offer a novel understanding of sex differences in key genes and pathways in DCM progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xinzhou Wang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Wenbo Chen
- School of Medicine, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454000, Henan, China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Jile Xin
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Debao Yang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Zhongyuan Zhang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xiaoke Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
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12
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Alluri SR, Higashi Y, Berendzen A, Grisanti LA, Watkinson LD, Singh K, Hoffman TJ, Carmack T, Devanny EA, Tanner M, Kil KE. Synthesis and preclinical evaluation of a novel fluorine-18 labeled small-molecule PET radiotracer for imaging of CXCR3 receptor in mouse models of atherosclerosis. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2539952. [PMID: 36865232 PMCID: PMC9980197 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2539952/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Background: CXCR3 is a chemokine receptor and is expressed on innate and adaptive immune cells. It promotes the recruitment of T-lymphocytes and other immune cells to the inflammatory site in response to the binding of cognate chemokines. Upregulation of CXCR3 and its chemokines has been found during atherosclerotic lesion formation. Therefore, the detection of CXCR3 by positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracer may be a useful tool to detect atherosclerosis development noninvasively. Herein, we report the synthesis, radiosynthesis, and characterization of a novel fluorine-18 (F-18, 18 F) labeled small-molecule radiotracer for the imaging of the CXCR3 receptor in mouse models of atherosclerosis. Methods: The reference standard ( S )-2-(5-chloro-6-(4-(1-(4-chloro-2-fluorobenzyl)piperidin-4-yl)-3-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)pyridin-3-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole ( 1 ) and its corresponding precursor 9 were synthesized using organic syntheses. The radiotracer [ 18 F] 1 was prepared in one-pot, two-step synthesis via aromatic 18 F-substitution followed by reductive amination. Cell binding assays were conducted using 1 , [ 125 I]CXCL10, and CXCR3A- and CXCR3B-transfected human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells. Dynamic PET imaging studies over 90 min were performed on C57BL/6 and apolipoprotein E (ApoE) knockout (KO) mice that were subjected to a normal and high-fat diet for 12 weeks, respectively. Blocking studies were conducted with preadministration of the hydrochloride salt of 1 (5 mg/kg) to assess the binding specificity. Time-activity curves (TACs) for [ 18 F] 1 in both mice were used to extract standard uptake values (SUVs). Biodistribution studies were performed on C57BL/6 mice, and the distribution of CXCR3 in the abdominal aorta of ApoE KO mice was assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results: The reference standard 1 and its precursor 9 were synthesized over 5 steps from starting materials in good to moderate yields. The measured K i values of CXCR3A and CXCR3B were 0.81 ± 0.02 nM and 0.31 ± 0.02 nM, respectively. [ 18 F] 1 was prepared with decay-corrected radiochemical yield (RCY) of 13 ± 2%, radiochemical purity (RCP) >99%, and specific activity of 44.4 ± 3.7 GBq/µmol at the end of synthesis (EOS) ( n =6). The baseline studies showed that [ 18 F] 1 displayed high uptake in the atherosclerotic aorta and brown adipose tissue (BAT) in ApoE KO mice. The uptake of [ 18 F] 1 in these regions was reduced significantly in self-blocking studies, demonstrating CXCR3 binding specificity. Contrary to this, no significant differences in uptake of [ 18 F] 1 in the abdominal aorta of C57BL/6 mice were observed in both baseline and blocking studies, indicating increased CXCR3 expression in atherosclerotic lesions. IHC studies demonstrated that [ 18 F] 1 -positive regions were correlated with CXCR3 expression, but some atherosclerotic plaques with significant size were not detected by [ 18 F] 1 , and their CXCR3 expressions were minimal. Conclusion: The novel radiotracer, [ 18 F] 1 was synthesized with good RCY and high RCP. In PET imaging studies, [ 18 F] 1 displayed CXCR3-specific uptake in the atherosclerotic aorta in ApoE KO mice. [ 18 F] 1 visualized CXCR3 expression in different regions in mice is in line with the tissue histology studies. Taken together, [ 18 F] 1 is a potential PET radiotracer for the imaging of CXCR3 in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Terry Carmack
- Truman VA: Harry S Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital
| | | | - Miles Tanner
- University of Missouri College of Veterinary Medicine
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13
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Kong D, Huang S, Miao X, Li J, Wu Z, Shi Y, Liu H, Jiang Y, Yu X, Xie M, Shen Z, Cai J, Xi R, Gong W. The dynamic cellular landscape of grafts with acute rejection after heart transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023; 42:160-172. [PMID: 36411190 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute cellular rejection (ACR) is a major barrier to the long-term survival of cardiac allografts. Although immune cells are well known to play critical roles in ACR, the dynamic cellular landscape of allografts with ACR remains obscure. METHODS Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was carried out for mouse cardiac allografts with ACR. Bioinformatic analysis was performed, and subsequent transplant experiments were conducted to validate the findings. RESULTS Despite an overall large depletion of cardiac fibroblasts (CFBs), highly expanded cytotoxic T lymphocytes and a CXCL10+Gbp2+ subcluster of CFBs were enriched within grafts at the late stage. CXCL10+Gbp2+ CFBs featured strong interferon responsiveness and high expression of chemokines and major histocompatibility complex molecules, implying their involvement in the recruitment and activation of immune cells. Cell‒cell communication analysis revealed that CXCL9/CXCL10-CXCR3 might contribute to regulating CXCL10+Gbp2+ CFB-induced chemotaxis and immune cell recruitment. In vivo transplant studies revealed the therapeutic potential of CXCR3 antagonism in transplant rejection. CONCLUSIONS The findings of our study unveiled a novel CFB subcluster that might mediate acute cardiac rejection. Targeting CXCR3 could prolong allograft survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deqiang Kong
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Siyuan Huang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolong Miao
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zelai Wu
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yang Shi
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Han Liu
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuancong Jiang
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xing Yu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengyao Xie
- Department of Otolaryngology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhonghua Shen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinzhen Cai
- Division of Hepatology, Liver Disease Center, Organ Transplantation Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ruibin Xi
- School of Mathematical Sciences and Center for Statistical Science, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Weihua Gong
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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14
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CXCL10 Chemokine: A Critical Player in RNA and DNA Viral Infections. Viruses 2022; 14:v14112445. [PMID: 36366543 PMCID: PMC9696077 DOI: 10.3390/v14112445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines constitute a group of small, secreted proteins that regulate leukocyte migration and contribute to their activation. Chemokines are crucial inflammatory mediators that play a key role in managing viral infections, during which the profile of chemokine expression helps shape the immune response and regulate viral clearance, improving clinical outcome. In particular, the chemokine ligand CXCL10 and its receptor CXCR3 were explored in a plethora of RNA and DNA viral infections. In this review, we highlight the expression profile and role of the CXCL10/CXCR3 axis in the host defense against a variety of RNA and DNA viral infections. We also discuss the interactions among viruses and host cells that trigger CXCL10 expression, as well as the signaling cascades induced in CXCR3 positive cells.
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15
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Milenkovic D, Rodriguez‐Mateos A, Lucosz M, Istas G, Declerck K, Sansone R, Deenen R, Köhrer K, Corral‐Jara KF, Altschmied J, Haendeler J, Kelm M, Berghe WV, Heiss C. Flavanol Consumption in Healthy Men Preserves Integrity of Immunological-Endothelial Barrier Cell Functions: Nutri(epi)genomic Analysis. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2100991. [PMID: 35094491 PMCID: PMC9787825 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE While cocoa flavanol (CF) consumption improves cardiovascular risk biomarkers, molecular mechanisms underlying their protective effects are not understood. OBJECTIVE To investigate nutri(epi)genomic effects of CF and identify regulatory networks potential mediating vascular health benefits. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty healthy middle-aged men consume CF (bi-daily 450 mg) or control drinks for 1 month. Microarray analysis identifies 2235 differentially expressed genes (DEG) involved in processes regulating immune response, cell adhesion, or cytoskeleton organization. Distinct patterns of DEG correlate with CF-related changes in endothelial function, arterial stiffness, and blood pressure. DEG profile negatively correlates with expression profiles of cardiovascular disease patients. CF modulated DNA methylation profile of genes implicates in cell adhesion, actin cytoskeleton organization, or cell signaling. In silico docking analyses indicate that CF metabolites have the potential of binding to cell signaling proteins and transcription factors. Incubation of plasma obtained after CF consumption decrease monocyte to endothelial adhesion and dose-dependently increase nitric oxide-dependent chemotaxis of circulating angiogenic cells further validating the biological functions of CF metabolites. CONCLUSION In healthy humans, CF consumption may mediate vascular protective effects by modulating gene expression and DNA methylation towards a cardiovascular protective effect, in agreement with clinical results, by preserving integrity of immunological-endothelial barrier functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragan Milenkovic
- Department of NutritionUniversity of California DavisDavisCA95616USA,INRAEUNHUniversité Clermont AuvergneClermont‐FerrandF‐63000France
| | - Ana Rodriguez‐Mateos
- Division of CardiologyPulmonology, and Vascular MedicineMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany,Department of Nutritional SciencesSchool of Life Course and Population SciencesFaculty of Life Sciences and MedicineKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Margarete Lucosz
- Division of CardiologyPulmonology, and Vascular MedicineMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Geoffrey Istas
- Division of CardiologyPulmonology, and Vascular MedicineMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany,Department of Nutritional SciencesSchool of Life Course and Population SciencesFaculty of Life Sciences and MedicineKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Ken Declerck
- PPESDepartment of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Antwerp (UA)WilrijkBelgium
| | - Roberto Sansone
- Division of CardiologyPulmonology, and Vascular MedicineMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - René Deenen
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ)Heinrich Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ)Heinrich Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
| | | | - Joachim Altschmied
- Environmentally‐induced Cardiovascular DegenerationClinical Chemistry and Laboratory DiagnosticsMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich‐Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany,IUF‐Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental MedicineDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Judith Haendeler
- Environmentally‐induced Cardiovascular DegenerationClinical Chemistry and Laboratory DiagnosticsMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich‐Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Malte Kelm
- Division of CardiologyPulmonology, and Vascular MedicineMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Wim Vanden Berghe
- PPESDepartment of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Antwerp (UA)WilrijkBelgium
| | - Christian Heiss
- Division of CardiologyPulmonology, and Vascular MedicineMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany,Clinical Medicine SectionDepartment of Clinical and Experimental MedicineFaculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of SurreyGuildfordUK,Department of Vascular MedicineSurrey and Sussex NHS Healthcare TrustEast Surrey HospitalRedhillUK
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Cytokine Patterns in COVID-19 Patients: Which Cytokines Predict Mortality and Which Protect Against? Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:4735-4747. [PMID: 36286038 PMCID: PMC9600496 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44100323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background/Aim: People infected with SARS-CoV-2 may develop COVID-19 in a wide range of clinical severity. Pulmonary fibrosis is characterized by several grades of chronic inflammation and collagen deposition in the interalveolar space. SARS-CoV-2 infection has been demonstrated to cause lung fibrosis without a currently elucidated mechanism. Some studies emphasize the role of proinflammatory cytokines. This research studies the correlation of the released cytokines with mortality or lung injury in COVID-19 patients. (2) Methods: Electronic medical record data from 40 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in the COVID-19 Department, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel, were collected. Epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and imaging variables were analyzed. The cytokine levels were measured upon admission and discharge. A correlation between cytokine levels and severity and mortality or lung involvement was undertaken. (3) Results: IFN-gamma and IL-10 are the most powerful risk factors for mortality in the COVID-19 patient groups in a multivariate analysis. However, in a univariate analysis, TGF-β, CXCL-10, IFN gamma, and IL-7 affected mortality in COVID-19 patients. MMP-7 was significantly correlated with a cytokine storm and a high 4-C (severity) score in COVID-19 patients. MMP-7, TGF-β, IL-10, IL-7, TNF-α, and IL-6 were correlated with high lung involvement in COVID-19 patients. Serum concentrations of IGF-1 were significantly increased upon discharge, but MMP-7 was decreased. (4) Conclusions: Proinflammatory cytokines predict clinical severity, lung fibrosis, and mortality in COVID-19 patients. High concentrations of TGF-β, CXCL-10, IL-10, IL-6, and TNF-α are correlated to severity and lung injury. However, certain cytokines have protective effects and higher levels of these cytokines increase survival levels and lower lung damage. High levels of INF-γ, IL-7, MMP-7, and IGF-1 have protection probabilities against lung injury and severity.
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Yuan Z, Murakoshi N, Xu D, Tajiri K, Okabe Y, Aonuma K, Murakata Y, Li S, Song Z, Shimoda Y, Mori H, Aonuma K, Ieda M. Identification of potential dilated cardiomyopathy-related targets by meta-analysis and co-expression analysis of human RNA-sequencing datasets. Life Sci 2022; 306:120807. [PMID: 35841977 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) remains among the most refractory heart diseases because of its complicated pathogenesis, and the key molecules that cause it remain unclear. MAIN METHODS To elucidate the molecules and upstream pathways critical for DCM pathogenesis, we performed meta-analysis and co-expression analysis of RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) datasets from publicly available databases. We analyzed three RNA-seq datasets containing comparisons of RNA expression in left ventricles between healthy controls and DCM patients. We extracted differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and clarified upstream regulators of cardiovascular disease-related DEGs by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) and Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) analysis were also used to identify the hub gene candidates strongly associated with DCM. KEY FINDINGS In total, 406 samples (184 healthy, 222 DCM) were used in this study. Overall, 391 DEGs [absolute fold change (FC) ≥ 1.5; P < 0.01], including 221 upregulated and 170 downregulated ones in DCM, were extracted. Seven common hub genes (LUM, COL1A2, CXCL10, FMOD, COL3A1, ADAMTS4, MRC1) were finally screened. IPA showed several upstream transcriptional regulators, including activating (NFKBIA, TP73, CALR, NFKB1, KLF4) and inhibiting (CEBPA, PPARGC1A) ones. We further validated increased expression of several common hub genes in the transverse aortic constriction-induced heart failure model. SIGNIFICANCE In conclusion, meta-analysis and WGCNA using RNA-seq databases of DCM patients identified seven hub genes and seven upstream transcriptional regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixun Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Murakoshi
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Japan.
| | - Dongzhu Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Japan
| | - Kazuko Tajiri
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Japan
| | - Yuta Okabe
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Aonuma
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Murakata
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Japan
| | - Siqi Li
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Japan
| | - Zonghu Song
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Japan
| | - Yuzuno Shimoda
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Japan
| | - Haruka Mori
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Aonuma
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Japan
| | - Masaki Ieda
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Japan
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Stukova МА, Rydlovskaya AV, Proskurina OV, Mochalov SV, Shurygina APS, Nebolsin VE. <em>In vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> pharmacodynamic activity of the new compound XC221GI in models of the viral inflammation of the respiratory tract. MICROBIOLOGY INDEPENDENT RESEARCH JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.18527/2500-2236-2022-9-1-56-70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The viruses most commonly affecting the human respiratory tract include rhinoviruses, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza viruses, and coronaviruses (CoVs). The virus infection of the epithelial cells of the respiratory tract triggers an inflammation accompanied by the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines including IL6, IL8(CXCL8), IL1β, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα). A subsequent acute inflammatory response in the lungs is accompanied by an increase in the production of cytokines and chemokines − CXCR3 receptor ligands – that are key players of acute inflammatory response that induce an influx of neutrophils and T cells into the lungs.We studied the pharmacodynamic activity of the new compound XC221GI to suppress the IL6 and IL8 of an experimental RSV infection in vitro in human lung carcinoma cells A549 and in vivo in the lungs of cotton rats. We also studied the effect of XC221GI on the production of the chemokines CXCL10, CXCL9, and CXCL11 in mouse bronchoalveolar lavage as well as on the influx of neutrophils into the mouse lungs after the intranasal administration of interferon γ (IFNγ).The obtained results demonstrate the anti-inflammatory activity of XC221GI, which suppresses the production of excessive levels of the key inflammatory markers IL6, IL8, CXCL10, CXCL9, and CXCL11 as well as the influx of neutrophils into the lungs thereby reducing lung pathology. These data confirm the effectiveness of XC221GI as a means of preventive anti-inflammatory therapy during a viral infection of the respiratory tract.
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Dobroch J, Bojczuk K, Kołakowski A, Baczewska M, Knapp P. The Exploration of Chemokines Importance in the Pathogenesis and Development of Endometrial Cancer. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27072041. [PMID: 35408440 PMCID: PMC9000631 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most frequent female malignancies. Because of a characteristic symptom, vaginal bleeding, EC is often diagnosed in an early stage. Despite that, some EC cases present an atypical course with rapid progression and poor prognosis. There have been multiple studies conducted on molecular profiling of EC in order to improve diagnostics and introduce personalized treatment. Chemokines—a protein family that contributes to inflammatory processes that may promote carcinogenesis—constitute an area of interest. Some chemokines and their receptors present alterations in expression in tumor microenvironment. CXCL12, which binds the receptors CXCR4 and CXCR7, is known for its impact on neoplastic cell proliferation, neovascularization and promotion of epidermal–mesenchymal transition. The CCL2–CCR2 axis additionally plays a pivotal role in EC with mutations in the LKB1 gene and activates tumor-associated macrophages. CCL20 and CCR6 are influenced by the RANK/RANKL pathway and alter the function of lymphocytes and dendritic cells. Another axis, CXCL10–CXCR3, affects the function of NK-cells and, interestingly, presents different roles in various types of tumors. This review article consists of analysis of studies that included the roles of the aforementioned chemokines in EC pathogenesis. Alterations in chemokine expression are described, and possible applications of drugs targeting chemokines are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Dobroch
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (K.B.); (A.K.); (M.B.); (P.K.)
- University Oncology Center, University Clinical Hospital in Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-662735369
| | - Klaudia Bojczuk
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (K.B.); (A.K.); (M.B.); (P.K.)
| | - Adrian Kołakowski
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (K.B.); (A.K.); (M.B.); (P.K.)
| | - Marta Baczewska
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (K.B.); (A.K.); (M.B.); (P.K.)
- University Oncology Center, University Clinical Hospital in Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Paweł Knapp
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (K.B.); (A.K.); (M.B.); (P.K.)
- University Oncology Center, University Clinical Hospital in Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
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20
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Başar EZ, Sönmez HE, Uzuner H, Karadenizli A, Güngör HS, Akgün G, Yetimakman AF, Öncel S, Babaoğlu K. CXCL10/IP10 as a Biomarker Linking Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome and Left Ventricular Dysfunction in Children with SARS-CoV-2. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11051416. [PMID: 35268506 PMCID: PMC8911504 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11051416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: To investigate the diagnostic accuracy of CXCL10/IP10 for left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in multisystemic inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C). Methods: This cross-sectional, longitudinal study included 36 patients with MIS-C. Patients were classified as follows: (1) patients presenting with Kawasaki-like features (group I = 11); (2) patients presenting with LV systolic dysfunction (group II = 9); and (3) other presentations (group III = 3). CXCL10/IP10 levels were measured upon admission and on days 3 and 7 of treatment. Results: Twenty patients were male and 16 were female. The median age of patients at diagnosis was 7.5 (1.5–17) years. All patients had a fever lasting for a median of 4 (2–7) days. Ten patients had LV systolic dysfunction. The duration of hospitalization was longer in group II. Lymphocyte and platelet counts were lower, whereas NT-pro-BNP, troponin-I, D-dimer, and CXCL10/IP10 levels were higher in group II. Baseline levels of CXCL10/IP10 were weakly negatively correlated with ejection fraction (r = −0.387, p = 0.022). Receiver operator characteristic curve analysis yielded a cutoff value of CXCL10/IP10 to discriminate patients with LV dysfunction was 1839 pg/mL with sensitivity 88% and specificity 68% (Area under curve (AUC) = 0.827, 95% CI 0.682–0.972, p = 0.003). Conclusion: Having a good correlation with cardiac function, CXCL10/IP10 is a potential biomarker to predict LV dysfunction in MIS-C patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eviç Zeynep Başar
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Section of Internal Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli 41001, Turkey; (H.S.G.); (K.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +90-507-463-0082
| | - Hafize Emine Sönmez
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Section of Internal Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli 41001, Turkey;
| | - Hüseyin Uzuner
- Medical Laboratory Techniques Program, Section of Medical Services and Techniques, Kocaeli Vocational School of Health Services, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli 41001, Turkey;
- Antibody Research and Production Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli 41001, Turkey;
| | - Aynur Karadenizli
- Antibody Research and Production Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli 41001, Turkey;
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli 41001, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Salih Güngör
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Section of Internal Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli 41001, Turkey; (H.S.G.); (K.B.)
| | - Gökmen Akgün
- Pediatric Cardiology Unit, Darıca Farabi Training and Research Hospital, Kocaeli 41700, Turkey;
| | - Ayşe Filiz Yetimakman
- Division of Pediatric Intensive Care, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Section of Internal Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli 41001, Turkey;
| | - Selim Öncel
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Section of Internal Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli 41001, Turkey;
| | - Kadir Babaoğlu
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Section of Internal Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli 41001, Turkey; (H.S.G.); (K.B.)
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21
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Dou M, Ding C, Zheng B, Deng G, Zhu K, Xu C, Xue W, Ding X, Zheng J, Tian P. Immune-Related Genes for Predicting Future Kidney Graft Loss: A Study Based on GEO Database. Front Immunol 2022; 13:859693. [PMID: 35281025 PMCID: PMC8913884 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.859693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We aimed to identify feature immune-related genes that correlated with graft rejection and to develop a prognostic model based on immune-related genes in kidney transplantation. Methods Gene expression profiles were obtained from the GEO database. The GSE36059 dataset was used as a discovery cohort. Then, differential expression analysis and a machine learning method were performed to select feature immune-related genes. After that, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to identify prognosis-related genes. A novel Riskscore model was built based on the results of multivariate regression. The levels of these feature genes were also confirmed in an independent single-cell dataset and other GEO datasets. Results 15 immune-related genes were expressed differently between non-rejection and rejection kidney allografts. Those differentially expressed immune-related genes (DE-IRGs) were mainly associated with immune-related biological processes and pathways. Subsequently, a 5-immune-gene signature was constructed and showed favorable predictive results in the GSE21374 dataset. Recipients were divided into the high-risk and low-risk groups according to the median value of RiskScore. The GO and KEGG analysis indicated that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between high-risk and low-risk groups were mainly involved in inflammatory pathways, chemokine-related pathways, and rejection-related pathways. Immune infiltration analysis demonstrated that RiskScore was potentially related to immune infiltration. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis suggested that recipients in the high-risk group had poor graft survival. AUC values of 1- and 3-year graft survival were 0.804 and 0.793, respectively. Conclusion Our data suggest that this immune-related prognostic model had good sensitivity and specificity in predicting the 1- and 3-year kidney graft survival and might act as a useful tool for predicting kidney graft loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Dou
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Chenguang Ding
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Bingxuan Zheng
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ge Deng
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Kun Zhu
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Cuixiang Xu
- Center of Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Laboratory, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Wujun Xue
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaoming Ding
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jin Zheng
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Puxun Tian
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Puxun Tian,
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22
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Won T, Gilotra NA, Wood MK, Hughes DM, Talor MV, Lovell J, Milstone AM, Steenbergen C, Čiháková D. Increased Interleukin 18-Dependent Immune Responses Are Associated With Myopericarditis After COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination. Front Immunol 2022; 13:851620. [PMID: 35251049 PMCID: PMC8894592 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.851620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocarditis and myopericarditis may occur after COVID-19 vaccination with an incidence of two to twenty cases per 100,000 individuals, but underlying mechanisms related to disease onset and progression remain unclear. Here, we report a case of myopericarditis following the first dose of the mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine in a young man who had a history of mild COVID-19 three months before vaccination. The patient presented with chest pain, elevated troponin I level, and electrocardiogram abnormality. His endomyocardial biopsy revealed diffuse CD68+ cell infiltration. We characterized the immune profile of the patient using multiplex cytokine assay and flow cytometry analysis. Sex-matched vaccinated individuals and healthy individuals were used as controls. IL-18 and IL-27, Th1-type cytokines, were highly increased in the patient with COVID-19 vaccine-related myopericarditis compared with vaccinated controls who experienced no cardiac complications. In the patient, circulating NK cells and T cells showed an activated phenotype and mRNA profile, and monocytes expressed increased levels of IL-18 and its upstream NLRP3 inflammasome. We found that recombinant IL-18 administration into mice caused mild cardiac dysfunction and activation of NK cells and T cells in the hearts, similar to the findings in the patient with myopericarditis after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination. Collectively, myopericarditis following COVID-19 mRNA vaccination may be associated with increased IL-18-mediated immune responses and cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taejoon Won
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Nisha Aggarwal Gilotra
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Megan Kay Wood
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - David Matthew Hughes
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Monica Vladut Talor
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jana Lovell
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Aaron Michael Milstone
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Charles Steenbergen
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Daniela Čiháková
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Daniela Čiháková, ; orcid.org/0000-0002-8713-2860
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23
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Neves EGA, Koh CC, Souza-Silva TG, Passos LSA, Silva ACC, Velikkakam T, Villani F, Coelho JS, Brodskyn CI, Teixeira A, Gollob KJ, Nunes MDCP, Dutra WO. T-Cell Subpopulations Exhibit Distinct Recruitment Potential, Immunoregulatory Profile and Functional Characteristics in Chagas versus Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathies. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:787423. [PMID: 35187122 PMCID: PMC8847602 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.787423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy (CCC) is one of the deadliest cardiomyopathies known and the most severe manifestation of Chagas disease, which is caused by infection with the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathies (IDC) are a diverse group of inflammatory heart diseases that affect the myocardium and are clinically similar to CCC, often causing heart failure and death. While T-cells are critical for mediating cardiac pathology in CCC and IDC, the mechanisms underlying T-cell function in these cardiomyopathies are not well-defined. In this study, we sought to investigate the phenotypic and functional characteristics of T-cell subpopulations in CCC and IDC, aiming to clarify whether the inflammatory response is similar or distinct in these cardiomyopathies. We evaluated the expression of systemic cytokines, determined the sources of the different cytokines, the expression of their receptors, of cytotoxic molecules, and of molecules associated with recruitment to the heart by circulating CD4+, CD8+, and CD4-CD8- T-cells from CCC and IDC patients, using multiparameter flow cytometry combined with conventional and unsupervised machine-learning strategies. We also used an in silico approach to identify the expression of genes that code for key molecules related to T-cell function in hearts of patient with CCC and IDC. Our data demonstrated that CCC patients displayed a more robust systemic inflammatory cytokine production as compared to IDC. While CD8+ T-cells were highly activated in CCC as compared to IDC, CD4+ T-cells were more activated in IDC. In addition to differential expression of functional molecules, these cells also displayed distinct expression of molecules associated with recruitment to the heart. In silico analysis of gene transcripts in the cardiac tissue demonstrated a significant correlation between CD8 and inflammatory, cytotoxic and cardiotropic molecules in CCC transcripts, while no correlation with CD4 was observed. A positive correlation was observed between CD4 and perforin transcripts in hearts from IDC but not CCC, as compared to normal tissue. These data show a clearly distinct systemic and local cellular response in CCC and IDC, despite their similar cardiac impairment, which may contribute to identifying specific immunotherapeutic targets in these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eula G. A. Neves
- Department of Morphology, Cell-Cell Interactions Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Carolina C. Koh
- Department of Morphology, Cell-Cell Interactions Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Thaiany G. Souza-Silva
- Department of Morphology, Cell-Cell Interactions Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lívia Silva Araújo Passos
- Department of Morphology, Cell-Cell Interactions Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Brigham and Womens Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ana Carolina C. Silva
- Department of Morphology, Cell-Cell Interactions Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Teresiama Velikkakam
- Department of Morphology, Cell-Cell Interactions Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Villani
- Department of Morphology, Cell-Cell Interactions Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Minas Gerais State University, Divinópolis, Brazil
| | - Janete Soares Coelho
- Department of Morphology, Cell-Cell Interactions Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Ezequiel Dias Foundation, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Claudia Ida Brodskyn
- Gonçalo Moniz Research Center, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Andrea Teixeira
- Rene Rachou Institute, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Kenneth J. Gollob
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais, INCT-DT, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Maria do Carmo P. Nunes
- Graduate Program in Infectology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Walderez O. Dutra
- Department of Morphology, Cell-Cell Interactions Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais, INCT-DT, Salvador, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Infectology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Walderez O. Dutra
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Transcriptomic and Lipidomic Mapping of Macrophages in the Hub of Chronic Beta-Adrenergic-Stimulation Unravels Hypertrophy-, Proliferation-, and Lipid Metabolism-Related Genes as Novel Potential Markers of Early Hypertrophy or Heart Failure. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020221. [PMID: 35203431 PMCID: PMC8869621 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sympathetic nervous system overdrive with chronic release of catecholamines is the most important neurohormonal mechanism activated to maintain cardiac output in response to heart stress. Beta-adrenergic signaling behaves first as a compensatory pathway improving cardiac contractility and maladaptive remodeling but becomes dysfunctional leading to pathological hypertrophy and heart failure (HF). Cardiac remodeling is a complex inflammatory syndrome where macrophages play a determinant role. This study aimed at characterizing the temporal transcriptomic evolution of cardiac macrophages in mice subjected to beta-adrenergic-stimulation using RNA sequencing. Owing to a comprehensive bibliographic analysis and complementary lipidomic experiments, this study deciphers typical gene profiles in early compensated hypertrophy (ECH) versus late dilated remodeling related to HF. We uncover cardiac hypertrophy- and proliferation-related transcription programs typical of ECH or HF macrophages and identify lipid metabolism-associated and Na+ or K+ channel-related genes as markers of ECH and HF macrophages, respectively. In addition, our results substantiate the key time-dependent role of inflammatory, metabolic, and functional gene regulation in macrophages during beta-adrenergic dependent remodeling. This study provides important and novel knowledge to better understand the prevalent key role of resident macrophages in response to chronically activated beta-adrenergic signaling, an effective diagnostic and therapeutic target in failing hearts.
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25
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Rizvi ZA, Dalal R, Sadhu S, Binayke A, Dandotiya J, Kumar Y, Shrivastava T, Gupta SK, Aggarwal S, Tripathy MR, Rathore DK, Yadav AK, Medigeshi GR, Pandey AK, Samal S, Asthana S, Awasthi A. Golden Syrian hamster as a model to study cardiovascular complications associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. eLife 2022; 11:73522. [PMID: 35014610 PMCID: PMC8794466 DOI: 10.7554/elife.73522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 infection in the Golden Syrian hamster causes lung pathology that resembles human coronavirus disease (COVID-19). However, extra-pulmonary pathologies associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and post COVID sequelae remain to be understood. Here we show, using a hamster model, that the early phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to an acute inflammatory response and lung pathologies, while the late phase of infection causes cardiovascular complications (CVC) characterized by ventricular wall thickening associated with increased ventricular mass/ body mass ratio and interstitial coronary fibrosis. Molecular profiling further substantiated our findings of CVC, as SARS-CoV-2-infected hamsters showed elevated levels of serum cardiac Troponin-I (cTnI), cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides. Serum metabolomics profiling of SARS-CoV-2-infected hamsters identified N-acetylneuraminate, a functional metabolite found to be associated with CVC, as a metabolic marker was found to be common between SARS-CoV-2-infected hamsters and COVID-19 patients. Together, we propose hamsters as a suitable animal model to study post-COVID sequelae associated with CVC which could be extended to therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaigham Abbas Rizvi
- Immuno-biology Lab, Infection and Immunology centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Rajdeep Dalal
- Immuno-biology Lab, Infection and Immunology centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Srikanth Sadhu
- Immuno-biology Lab, Infection and Immunology centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Akshay Binayke
- Immuno-biology Lab, Infection and Immunology centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Jyotsna Dandotiya
- Immuno-biology Lab, Infection and Immunology centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Yashwant Kumar
- Non-communicable disease centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Tripti Shrivastava
- Infection and Immunology centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Sonu Kumar Gupta
- Non-communicable disease centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Suruchi Aggarwal
- Non-communicable disease centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Manas Ranjan Tripathy
- Immuno-biology Lab, Infection and Immunology centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Deepak Kumar Rathore
- Infection and Immunology Center, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Amit Kumar Yadav
- Non-communicable disease center, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Guruprasad R Medigeshi
- Infection and Immunology Center, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Gurgaon, India
| | - Amit Kumar Pandey
- Infection and Immunology Center, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Sweety Samal
- Infection and Immunology Center, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Shailendra Asthana
- Non-communicable disease centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Amit Awasthi
- Immuno-biology Lab, Infection and Immunology centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
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26
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de Lucia C, Grisanti LA, Borghetti G, Piedepalumbo M, Ibetti J, Lucchese AM, Barr EW, Roy R, Okyere AD, Murphy HC, Gao E, Rengo G, Houser SR, Tilley DG, Koch WJ. G protein-coupled receptor kinase 5 (GRK5) contributes to impaired cardiac function and immune cell recruitment in post-ischemic heart failure. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 118:169-183. [PMID: 33560342 PMCID: PMC8752360 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Myocardial infarction (MI) is the most common cause of heart failure (HF) worldwide. G protein-coupled receptor kinase 5 (GRK5) is upregulated in failing human myocardium and promotes maladaptive cardiac hypertrophy in animal models. However, the role of GRK5 in ischemic heart disease is still unknown. In this study, we evaluated whether myocardial GRK5 plays a critical role post-MI in mice and included the examination of specific cardiac immune and inflammatory responses. METHODS AND RESULTS Cardiomyocyte-specific GRK5 overexpressing transgenic mice (TgGRK5) and non-transgenic littermate control (NLC) mice as well as cardiomyocyte-specific GRK5 knockout mice (GRK5cKO) and wild type (WT) were subjected to MI and, functional as well as structural changes together with outcomes were studied. TgGRK5 post-MI mice showed decreased cardiac function, augmented left ventricular dimension and decreased survival rate compared to NLC post-MI mice. Cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis as well as fetal gene expression were increased post-MI in TgGRK5 compared to NLC mice. In TgGRK5 mice, GRK5 elevation produced immuno-regulators that contributed to the elevated and long-lasting leukocyte recruitment into the injured heart and ultimately to chronic cardiac inflammation. We found an increased presence of pro-inflammatory neutrophils and macrophages as well as neutrophils, macrophages and T-lymphocytes at 4-days and 8-weeks respectively post-MI in TgGRK5 hearts. Conversely, GRK5cKO mice were protected from ischemic injury and showed reduced early immune cell recruitment (predominantly monocytes) to the heart, improved contractility and reduced mortality compared to WT post-MI mice. Interestingly, cardiomyocyte-specific GRK2 transgenic mice did not share the same phenotype of TgGRK5 mice and did not have increased cardiac leukocyte migration and cytokine or chemokine production post-MI. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that myocyte GRK5 has a crucial and GRK-selective role on the regulation of leucocyte infiltration into the heart, cardiac function and survival in a murine model of post-ischemic HF, supporting GRK5 inhibition as a therapeutic target for HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio de Lucia
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Laurel A Grisanti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Giulia Borghetti
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michela Piedepalumbo
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Jessica Ibetti
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anna Maria Lucchese
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Eric W Barr
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rajika Roy
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ama Dedo Okyere
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Haley Christine Murphy
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Erhe Gao
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Giuseppe Rengo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Division of Geriatrics, Federico II University, Via S. Pansini, 5, Naples, Italy
- Laboratory of neurovegetative system pathophysiology, Istituti Clinici Scientifici ICS Maugeri, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico di Telese Terme, Benevento, Italy
| | - Steven R Houser
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Douglas G Tilley
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Walter J Koch
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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27
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Nemska S, Gassmann M, Bang ML, Frossard N, Tavakoli R. Antagonizing the CX3CR1 Receptor Markedly Reduces Development of Cardiac Hypertrophy After Transverse Aortic Constriction in Mice. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 78:792-801. [PMID: 34882111 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Left-ventricular hypertrophy, characterized by cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, interstitial cell proliferation, and immune cell infiltration, is a high risk factor for heart failure and death. Chemokines interacting with G protein-coupled chemokine receptors probably play a role in left-ventricular hypertrophy development by promoting recruitment of activated leukocytes and modulating left-ventricular remodeling. Using the minimally invasive model of transverse aortic constriction in mice, we demonstrated that a variety of chemokine and chemokine receptor messenger Ribonucleic Acid are overexpressed in the early and late phase of hypertrophy progression. Among the chemokine receptors, Cx3cr1 and Ccr2 were most strongly overexpressed and were significantly upregulated at 3, 7, and 14 days after transverse aortic constriction. Ligands of CX3CR1 (Cx3cl1) and CCR2 (Ccl2, Ccl7, Ccl12) were significantly overexpressed in the left ventricle at the early stages after mechanical pressure overload. Pharmacological inhibition of CX3CR1 signaling using the antagonist AZD8797 led to a significant reduction of hypertrophy, whereas inhibition of CCR2 with the RS504393 antagonist did not show any effect. Furthermore, AZD8797 treatment reduced the expression of the hypertrophic marker genes Nppa and Nppb as well as the profibrotic genes Tgfb1 and Col1a1 at 14 days after transverse aortic constriction. These findings strongly suggest the involvement of the CX3CR1/CX3CL1 pathway in the pathogenesis of left-ventricular hypertrophy.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aorta/physiopathology
- Aorta/surgery
- Atrial Natriuretic Factor/genetics
- Atrial Natriuretic Factor/metabolism
- CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1/antagonists & inhibitors
- CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1/genetics
- CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1/metabolism
- Chemokine CX3CL1/genetics
- Chemokine CX3CL1/metabolism
- Collagen Type I, alpha 1 Chain/genetics
- Collagen Type I, alpha 1 Chain/metabolism
- Constriction
- Disease Models, Animal
- Fibrosis
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/etiology
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/metabolism
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/physiopathology
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/prevention & control
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- Natriuretic Peptide, Brain/genetics
- Natriuretic Peptide, Brain/metabolism
- Pyrimidines/pharmacology
- Signal Transduction
- Thiazoles/pharmacology
- Time Factors
- Transforming Growth Factor beta1/genetics
- Transforming Growth Factor beta1/metabolism
- Ventricular Function, Left/drug effects
- Ventricular Remodeling/drug effects
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Nemska
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique UMR 7200, LabEx Medalis, CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Max Gassmann
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Louise Bang
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; and
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB) - National Research Council (CNR), Milan Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Nelly Frossard
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique UMR 7200, LabEx Medalis, CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Reza Tavakoli
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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28
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Shi X, Cao Y, Zhang X, Gu C, Liang F, Xue J, Ni HW, Wang Z, Li Y, Wang X, Cai Z, Hocher B, Shen LH, He B. Comprehensive Analysis of N6-Methyladenosine RNA Methylation Regulators Expression Identify Distinct Molecular Subtypes of Myocardial Infarction. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:756483. [PMID: 34778266 PMCID: PMC8578940 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.756483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the leading threats to human health. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification, as a pivotal regulator of messenger RNA stability, protein expression, and cellular processes, exhibits important roles in the development of cardiac remodeling and cardiomyocyte contractile function. Methods: The expression levels of m6A regulators were analyzed using the GSE5406 database. We analyzed genome-wide association study data and single-cell sequencing data to confirm the functional importance of m6A regulators in MI. Three molecular subtypes with different clinical characteristics were established to tailor treatment strategies for patients with MI. We applied pathway analysis and differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis to study the changes in gene expression and identified four common DEGs. Furthermore, we constructed the protein–protein interaction network and confirmed several hub genes in three clusters of MI. To lucubrate the potential functions, we performed a ClueGO analysis of these hub networks. Results: In this study, we identified that the levels of FTO, YTHDF3, ZC3H13, and WTAP were dramatically differently expressed in MI tissues compared with controls. Bioinformatics analysis showed that DEGs in MI were significantly related to modulating calcium signaling and chemokine signaling, and m6A regulators were related to regulating glucose measurement and elevated blood glucose levels. Furthermore, genome-wide association study data analysis showed that WTAP single-nucleotide polymorphism was significantly related to the progression of MI. In addition, single-cell sequencing found that WTAP is widely expressed in the heart tissues. Moreover, we conducted consensus clustering for MI in view of the dysregulated m6A regulators’ expression in MI. According to the expression levels, we found MI patients could be clustered into three subtypes. Pathway analysis showed the DEGs among different clusters in MI were assigned to HIF-1, IL-17, MAPK, PI3K-Akt signaling pathways, etc. The module analysis detected several genes, including BAG2, BAG3, MMP2, etc. We also found that MI-related network was significantly related to positive and negative regulation of angiogenesis and response to heat. The hub networks in MI clusters were significantly related to antigen processing and ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, RNA splicing, and stability, indicating that these processes may contribute to the development of MI. Conclusion: Collectively, our study could provide more information for understanding the roles of m6A in MI, which may provide a novel insight into identifying biomarkers for MI treatment and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaochen Cao
- Department of Nephrology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xiaobin Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang Gu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jieyuan Xue
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Han-Wen Ni
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaohua Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Berthold Hocher
- 5th Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology), University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ling-Hong Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ben He
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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The Involvement of CXC Motif Chemokine Ligand 10 (CXCL10) and Its Related Chemokines in the Pathogenesis of Coronary Artery Disease and in the COVID-19 Vaccination: A Narrative Review. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9111224. [PMID: 34835155 PMCID: PMC8623875 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9111224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) and coronary heart disease (CHD) constitute two of the leading causes of death in Europe, USA and the rest of the world. According to the latest reports of the Iranian National Health Ministry, CAD is the main cause of death in Iranian patients with an age over 35 years despite a significant reduction in mortality due to early interventional treatments in the context of an acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Inflammation plays a fundamental role in coronary atherogenesis, atherosclerotic plaque formation, acute coronary thrombosis and CAD establishment. Chemokines are well-recognized mediators of inflammation involved in several bio-functions such as leucocyte migration in response to inflammatory signals and oxidative vascular injury. Different chemokines serve as chemo-attractants for a wide variety of cell types including immune cells. CXC motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10), also known as interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10/CXLC10), is a chemokine with inflammatory features whereas CXC chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3) serves as a shared receptor for CXCL9, 10 and 11. These chemokines mediate immune responses through the activation and recruitment of leukocytes, eosinophils, monocytes and natural killer (NK) cells. CXCL10, interleukin (IL-15) and interferon (IFN-g) are increased after a COVID-19 vaccination with a BNT162b2 mRNA (Pfizer/BioNTech) vaccine and are enriched by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and IL-6 after the second vaccination. The aim of the present study is the presentation of the elucidation of the crucial role of CXCL10 in the patho-physiology and pathogenesis of CAD and in identifying markers associated with the vaccination resulting in antibody development.
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30
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Coperchini F, Chiovato L, Rotondi M. Interleukin-6, CXCL10 and Infiltrating Macrophages in COVID-19-Related Cytokine Storm: Not One for All But All for One! Front Immunol 2021; 12:668507. [PMID: 33981314 PMCID: PMC8107352 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.668507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-COV-2 virus is responsible for the ongoing devastating pandemic. Since the early phase of the pandemic, the “cytokine-storm” appeared a peculiar aspect of SARS-COV-2 infection which, at least in the severe cases, is responsible for respiratory treat damage and subsequent multi-organ failure. The efforts made in the last few months elucidated that the cytokine-storm results from a complex network involving cytokines/chemokines/infiltrating-immune-cells which orchestrate the aberrant immune response in COVID-19. Clinical and experimental studies aimed at depicting a potential “immune signature” of SARS-COV-2, identified three main “actors,” namely the cytokine IL-6, the chemokine CXCL10 and the infiltrating immune cell type macrophages. Although other cytokines, chemokines and infiltrating immune cells are deeply involved and their role should not be neglected, based on currently available data, IL-6, CXCL10, and infiltrating macrophages could be considered prototype factors representing each component of the immune system. It rapidly became clear that a strong and continuous interplay among the three components of the immune response is mandatory in order to produce a severe clinical course of the disease. Indeed, while IL-6, CXCL10 and macrophages alone would not be able to fully drive the onset and maintenance of the cytokine-storm, the establishment of a IL-6/CXCL10/macrophages axis is crucial in driving the sequence of events characterizing this condition. The present review is specifically aimed at overviewing current evidences provided by both in vitro and in vivo studies addressing the issue of the interplay among IL-6, CXCL10 and macrophages in the onset and progression of cytokine storm. SARS-COV-2 infection and the “cytokine storm.”
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Coperchini
- Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Luca Chiovato
- Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mario Rotondi
- Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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31
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Lorenzatti AJ. Anti-inflammatory Treatment and Cardiovascular Outcomes: Results of Clinical Trials. Eur Cardiol 2021; 16:e15. [PMID: 33976710 PMCID: PMC8086421 DOI: 10.15420/ecr.2020.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the vasculature where cholesterol accumulates in the arterial wall stimulating infiltration of immune cells. This plays an important role in plaque formation, as well as complications caused by its build up. Pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines are implicated throughout the progression of the disease and different therapies that aim to resolve this chronic inflammation, reduce cardiovascular (CV) events and improve clinical outcomes have been tested. The results from the pivotal CANTOS trial show that targeting the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β successfully reduces the incidence of secondary CV events. This review briefly assesses the role of inflammation in atherosclerosis, providing a picture of the multiple players involved in the process and offering a perspective on targeting inflammation to prevent atherosclerotic CV events, as well as focusing on the results of the latest Phase III clinical trials.
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32
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Booz GW, Altara R, Eid AH, Wehbe Z, Fares S, Zaraket H, Habeichi NJ, Zouein FA. Macrophage responses associated with COVID-19: A pharmacological perspective. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 887:173547. [PMID: 32919938 PMCID: PMC7483085 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 has caused worldwide death and economic destruction. The pandemic is the result of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which has demonstrated high rates of infectivity leading to great morbidity and mortality in vulnerable populations. At present, scientists are exploring various approaches to curb this pandemic and alleviate its health consequences, while racing to develop a vaccine. A particularly insidious aspect of COVID-19 is the delayed overactivation of the body's immune system that is manifested as the cytokine storm. This unbridled production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines can directly or indirectly cause massive organ damage and failure. Systemic vascular endothelial inflammation and thrombocytopenia are potential consequences as well. In the case of COVID-19, the cytokine storm often fits the pattern of the macrophage activation syndrome with lymphocytopenia. The basis for the imbalance between the innate and adaptive immune systems is not clearly defined, but highlights the effect of SARS-CoV-2 on macrophages. Here we discuss the potential underlying basis for the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on macrophages, both direct and indirect, and potential therapeutic targets. These include granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interferons, and CXCL10 (IP-10). Various biopharmaceuticals are being repurposed to target the cytokine storm in COVID-19 patients. In addition, we discuss the rationale for activating the macrophage alpha 7 nicotinic receptors as a therapeutic target. A better understanding of the molecular consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection of macrophages could lead to novel and more effective treatments for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raffaele Altara
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, The University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA; Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ali H Eid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon; College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Zena Wehbe
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut Lebanon
| | - Souha Fares
- Hariri School of Nursing, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hassan Zaraket
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology & Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Center for Infectious Disease Research, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nada J Habeichi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon; INSERM Department of Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology-UMR-S1180, University Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Fouad A Zouein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon.
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Amabebe E, Anumba DO. The transmembrane G protein-coupled CXCR3 receptor-ligand system and maternal foetal allograft rejection. Placenta 2020; 104:81-88. [PMID: 33296735 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Chronic placental inflammatory lesions lead to poor obstetric outcomes. These lesions often proceed undetected until examination of placental tissues after delivery and are mediated by CXCR3, a seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor, and its chemokine ligands - CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11. CXCR3-chemokine ligand interaction disrupts feto-maternal immune tolerance and activate obnoxious immunological responses similar to transplant rejection and graft-versus-host disease. The resultant chronic inflammatory responses manifest in different parts of the placenta characterised by the presence of incompatible immunocompetent cells from the feto-maternal unit i.e. maternal CD8+ T cells in the chorionic membrane or plate (chronic chorioamnionitis); foetal Hofbauer cells and maternal CD8+ T cells in the chorionic villous tree (villitis of unknown aetiology); maternal CD8+ T and plasma cells in the basal plate (chronic deciduitis); and maternal CD8+ T cells, histiocytes and T regulatory cells in the intervillous space (chronic intervillositis). This review critically examines how the CXCR3-chemokine ligand interaction disrupts feto-maternal immune tolerance, initiates a series of chronic placental inflammatory lesions, and consequently activates the pathways to intrauterine growth restriction, stillbirth, spontaneous abortion, preterm prelabour rupture of membranes, preterm labour and birth. The possibility of interrupting these signalling pathways through the use of CXCR3 chemokine inhibitors to prevent adverse reproductive sequelae as well as the potential clinical utility of CXCR3 chemokines as non-invasive predictive clinical biomarkers are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Amabebe
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - Dilly O Anumba
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, UK.
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The Role of Chemokine Receptor CXCR3 and Its Ligands in Renal Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228582. [PMID: 33202536 PMCID: PMC7696621 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The major invasive subtype of kidney cancer is renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The essential components of cancer development are chronic inflammation and neoangiogenesis. It has been suggested that the chemokine ligand 9, -10, –11 (CXCL9–11) and chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3) chemokines receptor expressed on monocytes, T and NK cells may be involved in the inhibition of angiogenesis. However, to date, little is known about the potential clinical significance of these chemokines and their receptor in renal cell carcinoma. Therefore, in this review, we described the role of CXCR3 and its ligands in pathogenesis of RCC. We performed an extensive search of the current literature in our investigation, using the MEDLINE/PubMed database. The changes of chemokines and their specific receptor in renal cell carcinoma were observed. Published studies revealed an increased expression of CXCR3 and elevated concentration of its ligands in RCC. The association between treatment of RCC and CXCL9–11/CXCR3 concentration and expression was also observed. Moreover, CXCR3 and its ligands levels were related to patient’s prognosis, risk of metastasis and tumor growth. This review describes the potential role of CXCR3 and its ligands in pathogenesis of RCC, as well as their potential immune-therapeutic significance. However, future studies should aim to confirm the clinical and prognostic role of CXCL9–11/CXCR3 in renal cell carcinoma.
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Hernáez Á, Castañer O, Tresserra-Rimbau A, Pintó X, Fitó M, Casas R, Martínez-González MÁ, Corella D, Salas-Salvadó J, Lapetra J, Gómez-Gracia E, Arós F, Fiol M, Serra-Majem L, Ros E, Estruch R. Mediterranean Diet and Atherothrombosis Biomarkers: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e2000350. [PMID: 32918853 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE To assess whether following a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) improves atherothrombosis biomarkers in high cardiovascular risk individuals. METHODS AND RESULTS In 358 random volunteers from the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea trial, the 1-year effects on atherothrombosis markers of an intervention with MedDiet, enriched with virgin olive oil (MedDiet-VOO; n = 120) or nuts (MedDiet-Nuts; n = 119) versus a low-fat control diet (n = 119), and whether large increments in MedDiet adherence (≥3 score points, versus compliance decreases) and intake changes in key food items are associated with 1-year differences in biomarkers. Differences are observed between 1-year changes in the MedDiet-VOO intervention and control diet on the activity of platelet activating factor acetylhydrolase in high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) (+7.5% [95% confidence interval: 0.17; 14.8]) and HDL-bound α1 -antitrypsin levels (-6.1% [-11.8; -0.29]), and between the MedDiet-Nuts intervention and the control arm on non-esterified fatty acid concentrations (-9.3% [-18.1; -0.53]). Large MedDiet adherence increments are associated with less fibrinogen (-9.5% [-18.3; -0.60]) and non-esterified fatty acid concentrations (-16.7% [-31.7; -1.74]). Increases in nut, fruit, vegetable, and fatty fish consumption, and decreases in processed meat intake are linked to enhancements in biomarkers. CONCLUSION MedDiet improves atherothrombosis biomarkers in high cardiovascular risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Hernáez
- Cardiovascular Risk, Nutrition and Aging Research Unit, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, 08003, Spain.,CIBER of Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Olga Castañer
- CIBER of Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Anna Tresserra-Rimbau
- CIBER of Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Departament de Bioquimica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.,Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, 43204, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, 43204, Spain
| | - Xavier Pintó
- CIBER of Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Spain
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- CIBER of Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Rosa Casas
- Cardiovascular Risk, Nutrition and Aging Research Unit, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, 08003, Spain.,CIBER of Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Martínez-González
- CIBER of Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, 31009, Spain.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Dolores Corella
- CIBER of Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, 46100, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- CIBER of Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Departament de Bioquimica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.,Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, 43204, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, 43204, Spain
| | - José Lapetra
- CIBER of Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Department of Family Medicine. Research Unit., Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, Sevilla, 41013, Spain
| | - Enrique Gómez-Gracia
- CIBER of Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, 29010, Spain
| | - Fernando Arós
- CIBER of Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario de Álava, Vitoria, 01009, Spain
| | - Miquel Fiol
- CIBER of Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Hospital Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, 07120, Spain
| | - Lluis Serra-Majem
- CIBER of Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, 35016, Spain
| | - Emilio Ros
- Cardiovascular Risk, Nutrition and Aging Research Unit, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, 08003, Spain.,CIBER of Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, 08036, Spain
| | - Ramón Estruch
- Cardiovascular Risk, Nutrition and Aging Research Unit, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, 08003, Spain.,CIBER of Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, 08036, Spain
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Mancilla TR, Davis LR, Aune GJ. Doxorubicin-induced p53 interferes with mitophagy in cardiac fibroblasts. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238856. [PMID: 32960902 PMCID: PMC7508395 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthracyclines are the critical component in a majority of pediatric chemotherapy regimens due to their broad anticancer efficacy. Unfortunately, the vast majority of long-term childhood cancer survivors will develop a chronic health condition caused by their successful treatments and severe cardiac disease is a common life-threatening outcome that is unequivocally linked to previous anthracycline exposure. The intricacies of how anthracyclines such as doxorubicin, damage the heart and initiate a disease process that progresses over multiple decades is not fully understood. One area left largely unstudied is the role of the cardiac fibroblast, a key cell type in cardiac maturation and injury response. In this study, we demonstrate the effect of doxorubicin on cardiac fibroblast function in the presence and absence of the critical DNA damage response protein p53. In wildtype cardiac fibroblasts, doxorubicin-induced damage correlated with decreased proliferation and migration, cell cycle arrest, and a dilated cardiomyopathy gene expression profile. Interestingly, these doxorubicin-induced changes were completely or partially restored in p53-/- cardiac fibroblasts. Moreover, in wildtype cardiac fibroblasts, doxorubicin produced DNA damage and mitochondrial dysfunction, both of which are well-characterized cell stress responses induced by cytotoxic chemotherapy and varied forms of heart injury. A 3-fold increase in p53 (p = 0.004) prevented the completion of mitophagy (p = 0.032) through sequestration of Parkin. Interactions between p53 and Parkin increased in doxorubicin-treated cardiac fibroblasts (p = 0.0003). Finally, Parkin was unable to localize to the mitochondria in wildtype cardiac fibroblasts, but mitochondrial localization was restored in p53-/- cardiac fibroblasts. These findings strongly suggest that cardiac fibroblasts are an important myocardial cell type that merits further study in the context of doxorubicin treatment. A more robust knowledge of the role cardiac fibroblasts play in the development of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity will lead to novel clinical strategies that will improve the quality of life of cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. R. Mancilla
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
- Greehey Children’s Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
| | - L. R. Davis
- Greehey Children’s Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
| | - G. J. Aune
- Greehey Children’s Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
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Sattler FR, Mert M, Sankaranarayanan I, Mack WJ, Galle-Treger L, Gonzalez E, Baronikian L, Lee K, Jahani PS, Hodis HN, Dieli-Conwright C, Akbari O. Feasibility of quantifying change in immune white cells in abdominal adipose tissue in response to an immune modulator in clinical obesity. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237496. [PMID: 32881912 PMCID: PMC7470412 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is often associated with inflammation in adipose tissue (AT) with release of mediators of atherogenesis. We postulated that it would be feasible to collect sufficient abdominal AT to quantify changes in a broad array of adaptive and innate mononuclear white cells in obese non-diabetic adults in response to a dipeptidyl protease inhibitor (DPP4i), known to inhibit activation of immune white cells. Methods Adults 18–55 years-of-age were screened for abdominal obesity and insulin resistance or impaired glucose tolerance but without known inflammatory conditions. Twenty-one eligible participants consented for study and were randomized 3:1 to receive sitagliptin (DPP4i) at 100mg or matching placebo daily for 28 days. Abdominal AT collected by percutaneous biopsy and peripheral blood mononuclear cell fractions were evaluated before and after treatment; plasma was stored for batch testing. Results Highly sensitive C-reactive protein, a global marker of inflammation, was not elevated in the study population. Innate lymphoid cells (ILC) type 3 (ILC-3) in abdominal AT decreased with active treatment compared with placebo (p = 0.04). Other immune white cells in AT and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) fractions did not change with treatment compared to placebo (p>0.05); although ILC-2 declined in PBMCs (p = 0.007) in the sitagliptin treatment group. Two circulating biomarkers of atherogenesis, interferon-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) and sCD40L declined in plasma (p = 0.02 and p = 0.07, respectively) in the active treatment group, providing indirect validation of a net reduction in inflammation. Conclusions In this pilot study, two cell types of the innate lymphoid system, ILC-3 in AT and ILC-2 PBMCs declined during treatment and as did circulating biomarkers of atherogenesis. Changes in other immune cells were not demonstrable. The study showed that sufficient abdominal AT could be obtained to quantify white cells of both innate and adaptive immunity and to demonstrate changes during therapy with an immune inhibitor. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT02576
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Affiliation(s)
- Fred R. Sattler
- Department of Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Melissa Mert
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Ishwarya Sankaranarayanan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Wendy J. Mack
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Lauriane Galle-Treger
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Evelyn Gonzalez
- Department of Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Lilit Baronikian
- Department of Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Kyuwan Lee
- Ostrow School of Dentistry, Division of Physical Therapy and Biokinesiology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Pedram Shafiei Jahani
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Howard N. Hodis
- Department of Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Christina Dieli-Conwright
- Ostrow School of Dentistry, Division of Physical Therapy and Biokinesiology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Omid Akbari
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
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Leavitt C, Zakai NA, Auer P, Cushman M, Lange EM, Levitan EB, Olson N, Thornton TA, Tracy RP, Wilson JG, Lange LA, Reiner AP, Raffield LM. Interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10) and cardiovascular disease in African Americans. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231013. [PMID: 32240245 PMCID: PMC7117698 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers of chronic inflammation (such as C-reactive protein) have long been associated with cardiovascular disease and mortality; however, biomarkers involved in antiviral cytokine induction and adaptive immune system activation remain largely unexamined. We hypothesized the cytokine interferon gamma inducible protein 10 (IP-10) would be associated with clinical and subclinical cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in African Americans. We assessed these associations in the Jackson Heart Study (JHS) cohort and the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study. There was a modest association of IP-10 with higher odds of left ventricular hypertrophy (OR = 1.20 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03, 1.41) per standard deviation (SD) higher natural log-transformed IP-10 in JHS). We did not observe associations with ankle brachial index, intima-media thickness, or arterial calcification. Each SD higher increment of ln-transformed IP-10 concentration was associated with incident heart failure (hazard ratio (HR) 1.26; 95% CI 1.11, 1.42, p = 4x10-4) in JHS, and with overall mortality in both JHS (HR 1.12 per SD, 95% CI 1.03, 1.21, p = 7.5x10-3) and REGARDS (HR 1.31 per SD, 95% CI 1.10, 1.55, p = 2.0 x 10-3), adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors and C-reactive protein. However, we found no association between IP-10 and stroke or coronary heart disease. These results suggest a role of IP-10 in heart failure and mortality risk independent of C-reactive protein. Further research is needed to investigate how the body's response to chronic viral infection may mediate heart failure and overall mortality risk in African Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colton Leavitt
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, School of Medicine University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Neil A. Zakai
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States of America
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States of America
| | - Paul Auer
- Joseph J. Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
| | - Mary Cushman
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States of America
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States of America
| | - Ethan M. Lange
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, School of Medicine University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Emily B. Levitan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Nels Olson
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States of America
| | - Timothy A. Thornton
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Russell P. Tracy
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States of America
| | - James G. Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States of America
| | - Leslie A. Lange
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, School of Medicine University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Alex P. Reiner
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Laura M. Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
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Ku EJ, Cho KC, Lim C, Kang JW, Oh JW, Choi YR, Park JM, Han NY, Oh JJ, Oh TJ, Jang HC, Lee H, Kim KP, Choi SH. Discovery of plasma biomarkers for predicting the severity of coronary artery atherosclerosis by quantitative proteomics. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020; 8:8/1/e001152. [PMID: 32327445 PMCID: PMC7202779 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-001152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with diabetes is the leading cause of death. Finding early biomarkers for detecting asymptomatic patients with CVD can improve survival. Recently, plasma proteomics-targeted selected reaction monitoring/multiple reaction monitoring analyses (MRM)-has emerged as highly specific and sensitive tools compared with classic ELISA methods. The objective was to identify differentially regulated proteins according to the severity of the coronary artery atherosclerosis. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A discovery cohort, a verification cohort and a validation cohort consisted of 18, 53, and 228 subjects, respectively. The grade of coronary artery stenosis was defined as a percentage of luminal stenosis of the major coronary arteries. Participants were divided into six groups, depending on the presence of diabetes and the grade of coronary artery stenosis. Two mass spectrometric approaches were employed: (1) conventional shotgun liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry for a discovery and (2) quantitative MRM for verification and validation. An analysis of the covariance was used to examine the biomarkers' predictivity beyond conventional cardiovascular risks. RESULTS A total of 1349 different proteins were identified from a discovery cohort. We selected 52 proteins based on the tandem mass tag quantitative analysis then summarized as follows: chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 7 (CXCL7), apolipoprotein C-II (APOC2), human lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) and dedicator of cytokinesis 2 (DOCK2) in diabetes; CXCL7, APOC2, LBP, complement 4A (C4A), vitamin D-binding protein (VTDB) and laminin β1 subunit in non-diabetes. Analysis of covariance showed that APOC2, DOCK2, CXCL7 and VTDB were upregulated and C4A was downregulated in patients with diabetes showing severe coronary artery stenosis. LBP and VTDB were downregulated in patients without diabetes, showing severe coronary artery stenosis. CONCLUSION We identified significant associations between circulating APOC2, C4A, CXCL7, DOCK2, LBP and VTDB levels and the degree of coronary artery stenosis using the MRM technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eu Jeong Ku
- Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, South Korea
- Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Cho Cho
- Applied Chemisty, Kyung Hee University College of Applied Sciences, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Cheong Lim
- Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
- Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeong Won Kang
- Applied Chemisty, Kyung Hee University College of Applied Sciences, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Jae Won Oh
- Applied Chemisty, Kyung Hee University College of Applied Sciences, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Yu Ri Choi
- Applied Chemisty, Kyung Hee University College of Applied Sciences, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Jong-Moon Park
- Pharmaceutics, Gachon University College of Pharmacy, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Na-Young Han
- Pharmaceutics, Gachon University College of Pharmacy, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jong Jin Oh
- Urology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
- Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae Jung Oh
- Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
- Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hak Chul Jang
- Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
- Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hookeun Lee
- Pharmaceutics, Gachon University College of Pharmacy, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Kwang Pyo Kim
- Applied Chemisty, Kyung Hee University College of Applied Sciences, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Sung Hee Choi
- Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
- Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Li X, Jarosz AC, El-Sohemy A, Badawi A. The modifying effect of nutritional factors on the association between IL1-β single nucleotide polymorphism and serum CXCL10 levels in young Canadian adults. Nutr Health 2020; 26:151-159. [PMID: 32228128 DOI: 10.1177/0260106020912945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic and nutritional factors play an important role in inflammatory response and diseases. CXCL10 is a critical biomarker that is involved in multiple inflammatory diseases, and elevated levels of CXCL10 have been associated with the development of several chronic and infectious diseases. In contrast, micronutrients can attenuate inflammatory responses. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the pro-inflammatory cytokine genes such as IL-1β at rs16944 contributed to a number of inflammatory disorders and may substantiate the convergance between chronic and infectious diseases. AIM This study aims to identify the modifying effect of nutritional factors on the association between IL-1β genotypes and CXCL10 levels. METHODS Participants (N = 386) were healthy males and females from the Toronto Nutrigenomics and Health study recruited from the University of Toronto. Levels of micronutrients and inflammatory markers were measured in plasma. IL-1β genotypes were extracted from the Affymetrix 6.0 SNP chip. RESULTS CXCL10 levels were not different across different IL-1β genotypes. Among those with the GA genotype, elevated CXCL10 levels were observed with higher than median ascorbic acid (β = 0.004 ± 0.002, P = 0.047) or higher than median vitamin D status (β = 0.003 ± 0.002, P = 0.044). Among participants with the AA genotype, subjects with low α-tocopherol status had elevated levels of CXCL10 (β = -0.016 ± 0.007, P = 0.012). CONCLUSION The association between IL-1β rs16944 genotype and CXCL10 levels was modified by the levels of ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol and vitamin D. These findings may aid in understanding the combined effect of genetic and dietary factors in the development of various infectious and chronic diseases in which IL-1β and CXCL10 may play an etiological role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuedi Li
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Ahmed El-Sohemy
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Alaa Badawi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Canada.,Public Health Risk Sciences Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, Canada
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Altara R, da Silva GJJ, Frisk M, Spelta F, Zouein FA, Louch WE, Booz GW, Cataliotti A. Cardioprotective Effects of the Novel Compound Vastiras in a Preclinical Model of End-Organ Damage. Hypertension 2020; 75:1195-1204. [PMID: 32200677 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.14704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy and renal damage associated with hypertension are independent predictors of morbidity and mortality. In a model of hypertensive heart disease and renal damage, we tested the actions of continuous administration of Vastiras, a novel compound derived from the linear fragment of ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide), namely pro-ANP31-67, on blood pressure and associated renal and cardiac function and remodeling. Of note, this peptide, unlike the ring structured forms, does not bind to the classic natriuretic peptide receptors. Dahl/Salt-Sensitive rats fed a 4% NaCl diet for 6 weeks developed hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, and renal damage. Four weeks of treatment with 50 to 100 ng/kg per day of Vastiras exhibited positive effects on renal function, independent of blood pressure regulation. Treated rats had increased urine excretion, natriuresis, and enhanced glomerular filtration rate. Importantly, these favorable renal effects were accompanied by improved cardiac structure and function, including attenuated cardiac hypertrophy, as indicated by decreased heart weight to body weight ratio, relative wall thickness, and left atrial diameter, as well as reduced fibrosis and normalized ratio of the diastolic mitral inflow E wave to A wave. A renal subtherapeutic dose of Vastiras (25 ng/kg per day) induced similar protective effects on the heart. At the cellular level, cardiomyocyte size and t-tubule density were preserved in Vastiras-treated compared with untreated animals. In conclusion, these data demonstrate the cardiorenal protective actions of chronic supplementation of a first-in-class compound, Vastiras, in a preclinical model of maladaptive cardiac hypertrophy and renal damage induced by hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Altara
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway (R.A., G.J.J.d.S., M.F., W.E.L., A.C.).,KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Norway (R.A., G.J.J.d.S., M.F., W.E.L., A.C.).,Department of Pathology (R.A.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | - Gustavo J J da Silva
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway (R.A., G.J.J.d.S., M.F., W.E.L., A.C.).,KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Norway (R.A., G.J.J.d.S., M.F., W.E.L., A.C.)
| | - Michael Frisk
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway (R.A., G.J.J.d.S., M.F., W.E.L., A.C.).,KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Norway (R.A., G.J.J.d.S., M.F., W.E.L., A.C.)
| | | | - Fouad A Zouein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Riad El-Solh, Lebanon (F.A.Z.)
| | - William E Louch
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway (R.A., G.J.J.d.S., M.F., W.E.L., A.C.).,KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Norway (R.A., G.J.J.d.S., M.F., W.E.L., A.C.)
| | - George W Booz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine (G.W.B.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | - Alessandro Cataliotti
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway (R.A., G.J.J.d.S., M.F., W.E.L., A.C.).,KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Norway (R.A., G.J.J.d.S., M.F., W.E.L., A.C.)
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanoma is a malignancy that stems from melanocytes and is defined as the most dangerous skin malignancy in terms of metastasis and mortality rates. CXC motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10), also known as interferon gamma-induced protein-10 (IP-10), is a small cytokine-like protein secreted by a wide variety of cell types. CXCL10 is a ligand of the CXC chemokine receptor-3 (CXCR3) and is predominantly expressed by T helper cells (Th cells), cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), dendritic cells, macrophages, natural killer cells (NKs), as well as some epithelial and cancer cells. Similar to other chemokines, CXCL10 plays a role in immunomodulation, inflammation, hematopoiesis, chemotaxis and leukocyte trafficking. CONCLUSIONS Recent studies indicate that the CXCL10/CXCR3 axis may act as a double-edged sword in terms of pro- and anti-cancer activities in a variety of tissues and cells, especially in melanoma cells and their microenvironments. Most of these activities arise from the CXCR3 splice variants CXCR3-A, CXCR3-B and CXCR3-Alt. In this review, we discuss the pro- and anti-cancer properties of CXCL10 in various types of tissues and cells, particularly melanoma cells, including its potential as a therapeutic target.
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Ni J, Liu S, Qi F, Li X, Yu S, Feng J, Zheng Y. Screening TCGA database for prognostic genes in lower grade glioma microenvironment. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:209. [PMID: 32309356 PMCID: PMC7154476 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.01.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background To identify prognostic hub genes which associated with tumor microenvironment (TME) in lower grade glioma (LGG) of central nervous system. Methods We downloaded LGG patients gene transcriptome profiles of the central nervous system in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Clinical characteristics and survival data through the Genomic Data Commons (GDC) tool were extracted. We used limma package for normalization processing. Scores of immune, stromal and ESTIMATE were calculated using ESTIMATE algorithm. Then, box plots were applied to explore the association between immune scores, stromal scores, ESTIMATE scores and histological type, tumor grade. Kaplan-Meier (K-M) analysis was utilized to explore the prognostic value of scores. Furthermore, heatmaps and volcano plots were applied for visualizing expression of differential expressed-gene screening and cluster analysis. Venn plots were constructed to screen the intersected differentially expressed genes (DEGs). In addition, enrichment of functions and signaling pathways and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GESA) of the DEGs were performed. Then we used protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and Cytoscape software to identify hub genes. We evaluated the prognostic value of hub genes and risk score (RS) calculated based on multivariate cox regression analysis. Finally, relationships of hub genes with the TME of LGG patients were evaluated based on tumor immune estimation resource (TIMER) database. Results Gene expression profiles and clinical data of 514 LGG samples were extracted and the results revealed that higher scores were significantly related with histological types and higher tumor grade (P<0.0001, respectively). Besides, higher scores were associated with worse survival outcomes in immune scores (P=0.0167), stromal scores (P=0.0035) and ESTIMATE scores (P=0.0190). Then, 785 up-regulated intersected genes and 357 down-regulated intersected genes were revealed. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that intersected genes were associated with immune response, inflammatory response, plasma membrane and receptor activity. After PPI network construction and cytoHubba analysis, 25 tumor immune-related hub genes were identified and enriched pathways were identified by GSEA. Besides, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed significantly predictive accuracy [area under curve (AUC) =0.771] of RS. Furthermore, significant prognostic values of hub genes were observed, and the relationships between hub genes and LGG TME were demonstrated. Conclusions We identified 25 TME-related genes which significantly associated with overall survival in patients with central nervous system LGG from TCGA database.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ni
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Siwen Liu
- Research Center for Clinical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Feng Qi
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Urology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shaorong Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jifeng Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuxiao Zheng
- Department of Urology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Ma B, Khazali A, Shao H, Jiang Y, Wells A. Expression of E-cadherin and specific CXCR3 isoforms impact each other in prostate cancer. Cell Commun Signal 2019; 17:164. [PMID: 31831069 PMCID: PMC6909607 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-019-0489-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Carcinoma cells shift between epithelial and mesenchymal phenotypes during cancer progression, as defined by surface presentation of the cell-cell cohesion molecule E-cadherin, affecting dissemination, progression and therapy responsiveness. Concomitant with the loss of E-cadherin during the mesenchymal transition, the predominant receptor isoform for ELR-negative CXC ligands shifts from CXCR3-B to CXCR3-A which turns this classical G-protein coupled receptor from an inhibitor to an activator of cell migration, thus promoting tumor cell invasiveness. We proposed that CXCR3 was not just a coordinately changed receptor but actually a regulator of the cell phenotype. Methods Immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, quantitative real-time PCR and flow cytometry assays investigated the expression of E-cadherin and CXCR3 isoforms. Intrasplenic inoculation of human prostate cancer (PCa) cells with spontaneous metastasis to the liver analyzed E-cadherin and CXCR3-B expression during cancer progression in vivo. Results We found reciprocal regulation of E-cadherin and CXCR3 isoforms. E-cadherin surface expression promoted CXCR3-B presentation on the cell membrane, and to a lesser extent increased its mRNA and total protein levels. In turn, forced expression of CXCR3-A reduced E-cadherin expression level, whereas CXCR3-B increased E-cadherin in PCa. Meanwhile, a positive correlation of E-cadherin and CXCR3-B expression was found both in experimental PCa liver micro-metastases and patients’ tissue. Conclusions CXCR3-B and E-cadherin positively correlated in vitro and in vivo in PCa cells and liver metastases, whereas CXCR3-A negatively regulated E-cadherin expression. These results suggest that CXCR3 isoforms may play important roles in cancer progression and dissemination via diametrically regulating tumor’s phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ma
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, S713 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA. .,Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 Huaihai Xi Road, Quanshan, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, People's Republic of China. .,Pittsburgh VA Medical Center, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, USA.
| | - Ahmad Khazali
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, S713 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hanshuang Shao
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, S713 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Yuhan Jiang
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, S713 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.,School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Alan Wells
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, S713 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA. .,Pittsburgh VA Medical Center, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, USA. .,McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. .,UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Bakogiannis C, Sachse M, Stamatelopoulos K, Stellos K. Platelet-derived chemokines in inflammation and atherosclerosis. Cytokine 2019; 122:154157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Zhou YQ, Liu DQ, Chen SP, Sun J, Zhou XR, Xing C, Ye DW, Tian YK. The Role of CXCR3 in Neurological Diseases. Curr Neuropharmacol 2019; 17:142-150. [PMID: 29119926 PMCID: PMC6343204 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x15666171109161140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurological diseases have become an obvious challenge due to insufficient therapeutic intervention. Therefore, novel drugs for various neurological disorders are in desperate need. Recently, compelling evidence has demonstrated that chemokine receptor CXCR3, which is a G protein-coupled receptor in the CXC chemokine receptor family, may play a pivotal role in the development of neurological diseases. The aim of this review is to provide evidence for the potential of CXCR3 as a therapeutic target for neurological diseases. METHODS English journal articles that focused on the invovlement of CXCR3 in neurological diseases were searched via PubMed up to May 2017. Moreover, reference lists from identified articles were included for overviews. RESULTS The expression level of CXCR3 in T cells was significantly elevated in several neurological diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS), glioma, Alzheimer's disease (AD), chronic pain, human T-lymphotropic virus type 1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) and bipolar disorder. CXCR3 antagonists showed therapeutic effects in these neurological diseases. CONCLUSION These studies provided hard evidence that CXCR3 plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of MS, glioma, AD, chronic pain, HAM/TSP and bipolar disorder. CXCR3 is a crucial molecule in neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. It regulates the activation of infiltrating cells and resident immune cells. However, the exact functions of CXCR3 in neurological diseases are inconclusive. Thus, it is important to understand the topic of chemokines and the scope of their activity in neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qun Zhou
- Anesthesiology Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dai-Qiang Liu
- Anesthesiology Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shu-Ping Chen
- Anesthesiology Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia Sun
- Anesthesiology Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xue-Rong Zhou
- Cancer Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cui Xing
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Da-Wei Ye
- Cancer Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu-Ke Tian
- Anesthesiology Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Fang J, Wang C, Shen C, Shan J, Wang X, Liu L, Fan Y. The Expression of CXCL10/CXCR3 and Effect of the Axis on the Function of T Lymphocyte Involved in Oral Lichen Planus. Inflammation 2018; 42:799-810. [PMID: 30467622 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-018-0934-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The etiology of oral lichen planus (OLP) is still not clear. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of CXC chemokine receptor 3(CXCR3) and its ligand CXC motif chemokine 10(CXCL10) in the pathogenesis of OLP. We examined the expression of CXCR3 and CXCL10 in OLP patients and healthy controls by quantitative real-time PCR, Western blotting, ELISAs, and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Moreover, we detected the effects of CXCL10/CXCR3 axis on T lymphocyte migration, proliferation and apoptosis by Transwell assays, CCK8 assays, and flow cytometry. We found that the expression of CXCR3 and CXCL10 was significantly increased in OLP patients. In addition, T lymphocyte migration rate of CXCL10 stimulation group was significantly higher than that of control and CXCR3 antagonist groups. After antagonizing CXCR3, the migration ability of T lymphocytes was significantly decreased, and regardless of whether CXCL10 was added in the upper chamber culture medium, the number of migrating cells was similar. The addition of CXCL10 stimulant could stimulate the proliferation of T lymphocytes, but there was no significant difference compared with control group. After antagonizing CXCR3, the proliferation rate of T lymphocytes was significantly reduced. However, there were no significant differences in the apoptosis rates of T lymphocytes between CXCL10 stimulation group, antagonist CXCR3 group, and control group. Due to the change of expression in CXCR3 and CXCL10, and its interaction in mediating the directional migration of peripheral blood T lymphocytes, affecting the proliferation of T lymphocytes, it suggests that CXCL10/CXCR3 axis may be related to the immune mechanism of OLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxiang Fang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Department of Oral Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Department of Oral Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Chen Shen
- Department of Special outpatient service, Hangzhou West Dental Hospital, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Jing Shan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Department of Oral Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xuewei Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Department of Oral Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Department of Oral Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yuan Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
- Department of Oral Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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Xu B, Qian Y, Zhao Y, Fang Z, Tang K, Zhou N, Li D, Wang J. Prognostic value of fractalkine/CX3CL1 concentration in patients with acute myocardial infarction treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Cytokine 2018; 113:365-370. [PMID: 30352758 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies demonstrated that fractalkine (FKN) is critically involved in the regulation of inflammation and cardiac function. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of circulating FKN in patients with ST-elevated acute myocardial infarction (STEMI) after primary PCI. METHODS We enrolled ninety consecutive STEMI patients and investigated the association of circulating FKN with myocardial salvage and the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) after PCI. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 387 days, total 15 MACE (16.67%) were registered in the study population. Patients with MACE were more likely to be occurred in elderly patients with 3-vessel disease. Correlation analysis demonstrated the level of FKN at day 1 after PCI (FKN@day-1) not only significantly correlated with the levels of hs-TnT at day 7 after PCI (R2 = 0.06; p = 0.02) but inversely correlated with the measurements of LVEF at 1-month observation (R2 = 0.10; p = 0.00). Kaplan-Meier survival analyses further revealed that patients with the level of FKN@day-1 above the median had a higher incidence of MACE compared with those whose FKN@day-1 levels below the median (log-rank test x2 = 13.29, p < 0.001). In addition, multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that FKN@day-1 was an independent predictor of MACE (hazard ratio: 4.63; 95% confidence interval: 1.53-14.01; p = 0.00), together with WBC count and 3-vessel disease for STEMI patients. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that FKN@day-1 is negative correlated with myocardial salvage after acute myocardial infarction and might be a valuable prognostic marker of MACE in patients with STEMI undergone PCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Northern Jiangsu Province Hospital and Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yanxia Qian
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingming Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhen Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Northern Jiangsu Province Hospital and Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Kangting Tang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ningtian Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dianfu Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Junhong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Cardiology, The People's Hospital of Kizilsu Kirghiz Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang, China.
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Altara R, Ghali R, Mallat Z, Cataliotti A, Booz GW, Zouein FA. Conflicting vascular and metabolic impact of the IL-33/sST2 axis. Cardiovasc Res 2018; 114:1578-1594. [PMID: 29982301 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 33 (IL-33), which is expressed by several immune cell types, endothelial and epithelial cells, and fibroblasts, is a cytokine of the IL-1 family that acts both intra- and extracellularly to either enhance or resolve the inflammatory response. Intracellular IL-33 acts in the nucleus as a regulator of transcription. Once released from cells by mechanical stress, inflammatory cytokines, or necrosis, extracellular IL-33 is proteolytically processed to act in an autocrine/paracrine manner as an 'alarmin' on neighbouring or various immune cells expressing the ST2 receptor. Thus, IL-33 may serve an important role in tissue preservation and repair in response to injury; however, the actions of IL-33 are dampened by a soluble form of ST2 (sST2) that acts as a decoy receptor and is produced by endothelial and certain immune cells. Accumulating evidence supports the conclusion that sST2 is a biomarker of vascular health with diagnostic and/or prognostic value in various cardiovascular diseases, including coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis, giant-cell arteritis, acute aortic dissection, and ischaemic stroke, as well as obesity and diabetes. Although sST2 levels are positively associated with cardiovascular disease severity, the assumption that IL-33 is always beneficial is naïve. It is increasingly appreciated that the pathophysiological importance of IL-33 is highly dependent on cellular and temporal expression. Although IL-33 is atheroprotective and may prevent obesity and type 2 diabetes by regulating lipid metabolism, IL-33 appears to drive endothelial inflammation. Here, we review the current knowledge of the IL-33/ST2/sST2 signalling network and discuss its pathophysiological and translational implications in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Altara
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Building 7, 4th floor, Kirkeveien 166, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State St., Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Rana Ghali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut & Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Riad El-Solh, Beirut-Lebanon
| | - Ziad Mallat
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm), Unit 970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France
| | - Alessandro Cataliotti
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Building 7, 4th floor, Kirkeveien 166, Oslo, Norway
| | - George W Booz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State St., Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Fouad A Zouein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut & Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Riad El-Solh, Beirut-Lebanon
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Saahene RO, Wang J, Wang ML, Agbo E, Song H. The role of CXC chemokine ligand 4/CXC chemokine receptor 3-B in breast cancer progression. Biotech Histochem 2018; 94:53-59. [DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2018.1497201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R. O. Saahene
- Departments of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, P. R. China
| | - J. Wang
- Departments of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, P. R. China
| | - M.-L. Wang
- Departments of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, P. R. China
| | - E. Agbo
- Departments of Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, P. R. China
| | - H. Song
- Departments of Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, P. R. China
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