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Bartas M. Abiotic Stresses in Plants: From Molecules to Environment. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8072. [PMID: 39125642 PMCID: PMC11311820 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Plants face several challenges during their growth and development, including environmental factors (mainly abiotic ones), that can lead to/induce oxidative stress-specifically, adverse temperatures (both hot and cold), drought, salinity, radiation, nutrient deficiency (or excess), toxic metals, waterlogging, air pollution, and mechanical stimuli [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Bartas
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 710 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
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Liu W, Wei JW, Shan Q, Liu M, Xu J, Gong B. Genetic engineering of drought- and salt-tolerant tomato via Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase S-nitrosylation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 195:1038-1052. [PMID: 38478428 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Drought and soil salinization substantially impact agriculture. While proline's role in enhancing stress tolerance is known, the exact molecular mechanism by which plants process stress signals and control proline synthesis under stress is still not fully understood. In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), drought and salt stress stimulate nitric oxide (NO) production, which boosts proline synthesis by activating Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (SlP5CS) and Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (SlP5CR) genes and the P5CR enzyme. The crucial factor is stress-triggered NO production, which regulates the S-nitrosylation of SlP5CR at Cys-5, thereby increasing its NAD(P)H affinity and enzymatic activity. S-nitrosylation of SlP5CR enables tomato plants to better adapt to changing NAD(P)H levels, boosting both SlP5CR activity and proline synthesis during stress. By comparing tomato lines genetically modified to express different forms of SlP5CR, including a variant mimicking S-nitrosylation (SlP5CRC5W), we found that SlP5CRC5W plants show superior growth and stress tolerance. This is attributed to better P5CR activity, proline production, water use efficiency, reactive oxygen species scavenging, and sodium excretion. Overall, this study demonstrates that tomato engineered to mimic S-nitrosylated SlP5CR exhibits enhanced growth and yield under drought and salt stress conditions, highlighting a promising approach for stress-tolerant tomato cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Jin-Wei Wei
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Qing Shan
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Minghui Liu
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Jinghao Xu
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Biao Gong
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
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Nurzhanova AA, Mamirova A, Mursaliyeva V, Nurmagambetova AS, Zhumasheva Z, Turdiyev T, Kushnarenko S, Ismailova E. In Vitro Approbation of Microbial Preparations to Shield Fruit Crops from Fire Blight: Physio-Biochemical Parameters. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1431. [PMID: 38891242 PMCID: PMC11174909 DOI: 10.3390/plants13111431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The need for the increasing geographical spread of fire blight (FB) affecting fruit crops to be addressed led to large-scale chemicalization of the environmental matrices and reduction of plant productivity. The current study aimed to assess the effects of novel biopreparations at different exposure durations on photosynthetic pigment content and antioxidant enzyme activity in leaves of apple and pear varieties with varying levels of resistance to FB. Biopreparations were formulated from a cultural broth containing Lacticaseibacillus paracasei M12 or Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MB40 isolated from apple trees' phyllosphere. Aseptic leaves from blight-resistant (endemic Malus sieversii cv. KG10), moderately resistant (Pyrus pyraster cv. Wild), and susceptible (endangered Malus domestica cv. Aport and Pyrus communis cv. Shygys) varieties were employed. The impact of biopreparations on fruit crop antioxidant systems and photosynthetic apparatuses was investigated in vitro. Study results indicated that FB-resistant varieties exhibit enhanced adaptability and oxidative stress resistance compared to susceptible ones. Plant response to biopreparations varied based on the plant's initial FB sensitivity and exposure duration. Indeed, biopreparations improved the adaptive response of the assimilation apparatus, protein synthesis, and catalase and superoxide dismutase activity in susceptible varieties, suggesting that biopreparations have the potential for future commercialization to manage FB in fruit crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asil A. Nurzhanova
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Timiryazev 45, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (A.A.N.); (V.M.); (A.S.N.); (Z.Z.); (T.T.); (S.K.)
| | - Aigerim Mamirova
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Valentina Mursaliyeva
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Timiryazev 45, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (A.A.N.); (V.M.); (A.S.N.); (Z.Z.); (T.T.); (S.K.)
| | - Asiya S. Nurmagambetova
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Timiryazev 45, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (A.A.N.); (V.M.); (A.S.N.); (Z.Z.); (T.T.); (S.K.)
| | - Zhadyra Zhumasheva
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Timiryazev 45, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (A.A.N.); (V.M.); (A.S.N.); (Z.Z.); (T.T.); (S.K.)
| | - Timur Turdiyev
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Timiryazev 45, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (A.A.N.); (V.M.); (A.S.N.); (Z.Z.); (T.T.); (S.K.)
| | - Svetlana Kushnarenko
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Timiryazev 45, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (A.A.N.); (V.M.); (A.S.N.); (Z.Z.); (T.T.); (S.K.)
| | - Elvira Ismailova
- Scientific Production Centre of Microbiology and Virology, Bogenbai Batyr 105, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan;
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Xie N, Shi H, Shang X, Zhao Z, Fang Y, Wu H, Luo P, Cui Y, Chen W. RhMED15a-like, a subunit of the Mediator complex, is involved in the drought stress response in Rosa hybrida. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:351. [PMID: 38684962 PMCID: PMC11059607 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05059-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rose (Rosa hybrida) is a globally recognized ornamental plant whose growth and distribution are strongly limited by drought stress. The role of Mediator, a multiprotein complex crucial for RNA polymerase II-driven transcription, has been elucidated in drought stress responses in plants. However, its physiological function and regulatory mechanism in horticultural crop species remain elusive. RESULTS In this study, we identified a Tail module subunit of Mediator, RhMED15a-like, in rose. Drought stress, as well as treatment with methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and abscisic acid (ABA), significantly suppressed the transcript level of RhMED15a-like. Overexpressing RhMED15a-like markedly bolstered the osmotic stress tolerance of Arabidopsis, as evidenced by increased germination rate, root length, and fresh weight. In contrast, the silencing of RhMED15a-like through virus induced gene silencing in rose resulted in elevated malondialdehyde accumulation, exacerbated leaf wilting, reduced survival rate, and downregulated expression of drought-responsive genes during drought stress. Additionally, using RNA-seq, we identified 972 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between tobacco rattle virus (TRV)-RhMED15a-like plants and TRV controls. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed that some DEGs were predominantly associated with terms related to the oxidative stress response, such as 'response to reactive oxygen species' and 'peroxisome'. Furthermore, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment highlighted pathways related to 'plant hormone signal transduction', in which the majority of DEGs in the jasmonate (JA) and ABA signalling pathways were induced in TRV-RhMED15a-like plants. CONCLUSION Our findings underscore the pivotal role of the Mediator subunit RhMED15a-like in the ability of rose to withstand drought stress, probably by controlling the transcript levels of drought-responsive genes and signalling pathway elements of stress-related hormones, providing a solid foundation for future research into the molecular mechanisms underlying drought tolerance in rose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanxin Xie
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Haoyang Shi
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Xiaoman Shang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Zixin Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Yan Fang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Huimin Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Ping Luo
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Yongyi Cui
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China.
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Chen C, Zhang Z, Lei YY, Chen WJ, Zhang ZH, Li XM, Dai HY. MdMYB44-like positively regulates salt and drought tolerance via the MdPYL8-MdPP2CA module in apple. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 118:24-41. [PMID: 38102874 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is involved in salt and drought stress responses, but the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that the overexpression of MdMYB44-like, an R2R3-MYB transcription factor, significantly increases the salt and drought tolerance of transgenic apples and Arabidopsis. MdMYB44-like inhibits the transcription of MdPP2CA, which encodes a type 2C protein phosphatase that acts as a negative regulator in the ABA response, thereby enhancing ABA signaling-mediated salt and drought tolerance. Furthermore, we found that MdMYB44-like and MdPYL8, an ABA receptor, form a protein complex that further enhances the transcriptional inhibition of the MdPP2CA promoter by MdMYB44-like. Significantly, we discovered that MdPP2CA can interfere with the physical association between MdMYB44-like and MdPYL8 in the presence of ABA, partially blocking the inhibitory effect of the MdMYB44-like-MdPYL8 complex on the MdPP2CA promoter. Thus, MdMYB44-like, MdPYL8, and MdPP2CA form a regulatory loop that tightly modulates ABA signaling homeostasis under salt and drought stress. Our data reveal that MdMYB44-like precisely modulates ABA-mediated salt and drought tolerance in apples through the MdPYL8-MdPP2CA module.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Chen
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110866, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110866, China
| | - Ying-Ying Lei
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110866, China
| | - Wen-Jun Chen
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110866, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110866, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Li
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110866, China
| | - Hong-Yan Dai
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110866, China
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Altaf MA, Behera B, Mangal V, Singhal RK, Kumar R, More S, Naz S, Mandal S, Dey A, Saqib M, Kishan G, Kumar A, Singh B, Tiwari RK, Lal MK. Tolerance and adaptation mechanism of Solanaceous crops under salinity stress. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2024; 51:NULL. [PMID: 36356932 DOI: 10.1071/fp22158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Solanaceous crops act as a source of food, nutrition and medicine for humans. Soil salinity is a damaging environmental stress, causing significant reductions in cultivated land area, crop productivity and quality, especially under climate change. Solanaceous crops are extremely vulnerable to salinity stress due to high water requirements during the reproductive stage and the succulent nature of fruits and tubers. Salinity stress impedes morphological and anatomical development, which ultimately affect the production and productivity of the economic part of these crops. The morpho-physiological parameters such as root-to-shoot ratio, leaf area, biomass production, photosynthesis, hormonal balance, leaf water content are disturbed under salinity stress in Solanaceous crops. Moreover, the synthesis and signalling of reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species, accumulation of compatible solutes, and osmoprotectant are significant under salinity stress which might be responsible for providing tolerance in these crops. The regulation at the molecular level is mediated by different genes, transcription factors, and proteins, which are vital in the tolerance mechanism. The present review aims to redraw the attention of the researchers to explore the mechanistic understanding and potential mitigation strategies against salinity stress in Solanaceous crops, which is an often-neglected commodity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vikas Mangal
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Singhal
- ICAR-Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ravinder Kumar
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Sanket More
- ICAR-Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Safina Naz
- Department of Horticulture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Sayanti Mandal
- Institute of Bioinformatics Biotechnology (IBB), Savitribai Phule Pune University (SPPU), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, West Bengal 700073, India
| | - Muhammad Saqib
- Department of Horticulture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Gopi Kishan
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Seed Science, Mau, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Awadhesh Kumar
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Brajesh Singh
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Rahul Kumar Tiwari
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India; and ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Milan Kumar Lal
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India; and ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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Hou Q, Shen T, Yu R, Deng H, Wen X, Qiao G. Functional analysis of sweet cherry PavbHLH106 in the regulation of cold stress. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2023; 43:7. [PMID: 38133822 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03115-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Sweet cherry PavbHLH106 was up-regulated under cold induction and overexpressed to enhance the cold resistance in tobacco by mediating the scavenging of ROS through increasing of antioxidant enzyme activity. Sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) is an economically important fruit. Chilling requirements are critical during dormancy, but abnormally low temperatures unfavorably affect fruit growth and development. Differences were found in the transcript level of PavbHLH106 under salt, dehydration, and low-temperature treatments, especially in response to cold stress, suggesting that this gene is involved in the regulation of different abiotic stresses. PavbHLH106 is homologous to Arabidopsis thaliana AtbHLH106 with a conserved bHLH domain, and transient expression in tobacco suggests that the protein is localized in the nucleus and has transcriptional activity in yeast. The PavbHLH106 overexpression in tobacco resulted in weaker electrolyte leakages, lower malondialdehyde, and higher proline content than the wild type at low-temperature treatment. Reactive oxygen species accumulation was significantly reduced in the overexpressed lines, negatively correlated with the antioxidant enzyme activity. In addition, overexpression of PavbHLH106 delayed the germination of tobacco seeds and promoted plant growth. Resistance-related genes were expressed more in the overexpressed plants compared to the wild type. PavbHLH106 bound to the PavACO promoter in yeast and potentially interacted with a bHLH162-like transcription factor. These results indicate that PavbHLH106 has various functions and is particularly active in controlling low-temperature stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiandong Hou
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Tianjiao Shen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Runrun Yu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Hong Deng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiaopeng Wen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Guang Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China.
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Khan M, Ahmed S, Yasin NA, Sardar R, Hussaan M, Gaafar ARZ, Haider FU. 28-Homobrassinolide Primed Seed Improved Lead Stress Tolerance in Brassica rapa L. through Modulation of Physio-Biochemical Attributes and Nutrient Uptake. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3528. [PMID: 37895994 PMCID: PMC10610288 DOI: 10.3390/plants12203528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) influence a variety of physiological reactions and alleviate different biotic and abiotic stressors. Turnip seedlings were grown with the goal of further exploring and expanding their function in plants under abiotic stress, particularly under heavy metal toxicity (lead stress). This study's objective was to ascertain the role of applied 28-homobrassinolide (HBL) in reducing lead (Pb) stress in turnip plants. Turnip seeds treated with 1, 5, and 10 µM HBL and were grown-up in Pb-contaminated soil (300 mg kg-1). Lead accumulation reduces biomass, growth attributes, and various biochemical parameters, as well as increasing proline content. Seed germination, root and shoot growth, and gas exchange characteristics were enhanced via HBL treatment. Furthermore, Pb-stressed seedlings had decreased total soluble protein concentrations, photosynthetic pigments, nutrition, and phenol content. Nonetheless, HBL increased chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b levels in plant, resulting in increased photosynthesis. As a result, seeds treated with HBL2 (5 µM L-1) had higher nutritional contents (Mg+2, Zn+2, Na+2, and K+1). HBL2-treated seedlings had higher DPPH and metal tolerance indexes. This led to the conclusion that HBL2 effectively reduced Pb toxicity and improved resistance in lead-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mawra Khan
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Shakil Ahmed
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Nasim Ahmad Yasin
- SSG RO-II Department, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Rehana Sardar
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hussaan
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Abdel-Rhman Z. Gaafar
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Youssef S, Custódio L, Rodrigues MJ, Pereira CG, Calhelha RC, Jekő J, Cziáky Z, Ben Hamed K. Harnessing the Bioactive Potential of Limonium spathulatum (Desf.) Kuntze: Insights into Enzyme Inhibition and Phytochemical Profile. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3391. [PMID: 37836131 PMCID: PMC10574883 DOI: 10.3390/plants12193391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the halophyte species Limonium spathulatum (Desf.) as a possible source of natural ingredients with the capacity to inhibit enzymes related to relevant human health disorders and food browning. Extracts using food-grade solvents such as water and ethanol were prepared by maceration from dried L. spathulatum leaves. They were evaluated for in vitro inhibition activity of enzymes such as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), α-glucosidase, tyrosinase and lipase, related to Alzheimer's disease, type-2-diabetes mellitus, skin hyperpigmentation, and obesity, respectively. These extracts were also appraised for in vitro acute toxicity on tumoral and non-tumoral cell lines and their chemical composition by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS). The extracts were more effective towards BChE than AChE. The best results were obtained with the hydroethanolic and water extracts, with IC50 values of 0.03 mg/mL and 0.06 mg/mL, respectively. The hydroethanolic extract had the highest capacity to inhibit α-glucosidase (IC50: 0.04 mg/mL), higher than the positive control used (acarbose, IC50 = 3.14 mg/mL). The ethanol extract displayed the best inhibitory activity against tyrosinase (IC50 = 0.34 mg/mL). The tested samples did not inhibit lipase and exhibited low to moderate cytotoxic activity against the tested cell lines. The hydroethanolic extract had a higher diversity of compounds, followed by the ethanol and water samples. Similar molecules were identified in all the extracts and were mainly hydroxybenzoic acids, hydroxycinnamic acids, and flavonoids. Taken together, these results suggest that L. spathulatum should be further explored as a source of bioactive ingredients for the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seria Youssef
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Center of Biotechnology of BorjCedria, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia;
| | - Luisa Custódio
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (L.C.); (M.J.R.); (C.G.P.)
| | - Maria João Rodrigues
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (L.C.); (M.J.R.); (C.G.P.)
| | - Catarina G. Pereira
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (L.C.); (M.J.R.); (C.G.P.)
| | - Ricardo C. Calhelha
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal;
| | - József Jekő
- Agricultural and Molecular Research and Service Institute, University of Nyíregyháza, 4405 Nyíregyháza, Hungary; (J.J.); (Z.C.)
| | - Zoltán Cziáky
- Agricultural and Molecular Research and Service Institute, University of Nyíregyháza, 4405 Nyíregyháza, Hungary; (J.J.); (Z.C.)
| | - Karim Ben Hamed
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Center of Biotechnology of BorjCedria, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia;
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Kou J, Yan D, Qin B, Zhou Q, Liu C, Zhang L. Physiological response mechanism of European birch ( Betula pendula Roth) to PEG-induced drought stress and hydration. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1226456. [PMID: 37655222 PMCID: PMC10466415 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1226456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress is also one of the important abiotic factors limiting plant growth and development, and the global temperature is rising year by year, resulting in a dry environment in most terrestrial forests, which will continue to affect the growth, development and reproduction of tree species in forests. European birch(Betula pendula Roth.) native to Europe, introduced to the mountains of eastern Liaoning in 1981 (annual precipitation of about 800mm), European birch relative to downy birch (B. pubescens)has strong adaptability and drought tolerance and cold tolerance, can grow normally in eastern Liaoning, but it is easy to be affected by drought at the seedling stage and cause death, many arid and semi-arid areas have no introduction and practical application of European birch, and there is less research on the drought resistance of European birch. This study used different concentrations of PEG-6000 treatment to simulate drought stress and clarify the changes of various growth physiological parameters and photosynthetic characteristics of European birch seedlings under drought stress, in order to investigate the physiological response mechanism of European birch under drought stress . This study used different concentrations of PEG-6000 treatment to simulate drought stress and clarify the changes of various growth physiological parameters and photosynthetic characteristics of European birch seedlings under drought stress, in order to investigate the physiological response mechanism of European birch under drought stress. The findings demonstrated that stress duration and increasing PEG concentration had a highly significant impact on the growth traits of European birch seedlings (p<0.01); With increasing stress concentration and stress time, antioxidant enzyme activity, membrane lipid peroxidation, and osmoregulatory substance concentrations increased significantly (p<0.01); With increasing stress concentration and duration, photosynthetic parameters and pigments decreased highly significantly (p<0.01); Under different PEG concentration treatments, the anatomical structure of seedling leaves changed more noticeably; there was a significant effect (p <0.05) on the change in mean stomatal length and a highly significant effect (p<0.01) on the change in mean stomatal structure. The study's findings serve as a foundation for the selection and breeding of new drought-tolerant European birch species, as well as a theoretical underpinning for the use of this species in landscaping and the promotion of new drought-tolerant species in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Kou
- Key Laboratory of Forest Tree Genetics and Breeding of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Donghan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Forest Tree Genetics and Breeding of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Baiting Qin
- College of Life Engineering, Shenyang Institute of Technology, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- Liaoning Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shenyang, China
| | - Chunping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Tree Genetics and Breeding of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lijie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Tree Genetics and Breeding of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
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11
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Abd El Mageed TA, Semida W, Hemida KA, Gyushi MA, Rady MM, Abdelkhalik A, Merah O, Brestic M, Mohamed HI, El Sabagh A, Abdelhamid MT. Glutathione-mediated changes in productivity, photosynthetic efficiency, osmolytes, and antioxidant capacity of common beans ( Phaseolus vulgaris) grown under water deficit. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15343. [PMID: 37366423 PMCID: PMC10290831 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, salinity and drought are severe abiotic stresses that presently threaten vegetable production. This study investigates the potential exogenously-applied glutathione (GSH) to relieve water deficits on Phaseolus vulgaris plants cultivated in saline soil conditions (6.22 dS m-1) by evaluating agronomic, stability index of membrane, water satatus, osmolytes, and antioxidant capacity responses. During two open field growing seasons (2017 and 2018), foliar spraying of glutathione (GSH) at 0.5 (GSH1) or 1.0 (GSH1) mM and three irrigation rates (I100 = 100%, I80 = 80% and I60 = 60% of the crop evapotranspiration) were applied to common bean plants. Water deficits significantly decreased common bean growth, green pods yield, integrity of the membranes, plant water status, SPAD chlorophyll index, and photosynthetic capacity (Fv/Fm, PI), while not improving the irrigation use efficiency (IUE) compared to full irrigation. Foliar-applied GSH markedly lessened drought-induced damages to bean plants, by enhancing the above variables. The integrative I80 + GSH1 or GSH2 and I60 + GSH1 or GSH2 elevated the IUE and exceeded the full irrigation without GSH application (I100) treatment by 38% and 37%, and 33% and 28%, respectively. Drought stress increased proline and total soluble sugars content while decreased the total free amino acids content. However, GSH-supplemented drought-stressed plants mediated further increases in all analyzed osmolytes contents. Exogenous GSH enhanced the common bean antioxidative machinery, being promoted the glutathione and ascorbic acid content as well as up-regulated the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione peroxidase. These findings demonstrate the efficacy of exogenous GSH in alleviating water deficit in bean plants cultivated in salty soil.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wael Semida
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | | | - Mohammed A.H. Gyushi
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Mostafa M. Rady
- Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | | | - Othmane Merah
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- IUT A, Département Génie Biologique, Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III, Auch, France
| | - Marian Brestic
- Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, A. Hlinku 2, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Heba I. Mohamed
- Biological and Geological Sciences Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ayman El Sabagh
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr Al-Sheik, Egypt
- Botany Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Magdi T. Abdelhamid
- Botany Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
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12
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Tu M, Du C, Yu B, Wang G, Deng Y, Wang Y, Chen M, Chang J, Yang G, He G, Xiong Z, Li Y. Current advances in the molecular regulation of abiotic stress tolerance in sorghum via transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic approaches. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1147328. [PMID: 37235010 PMCID: PMC10206308 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1147328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench), a monocot C4 crop, is an important staple crop for many countries in arid and semi-arid regions worldwide. Because sorghum has outstanding tolerance and adaptability to a variety of abiotic stresses, including drought, salt, and alkaline, and heavy metal stressors, it is valuable research material for better understanding the molecular mechanisms of stress tolerance in crops and for mining new genes for their genetic improvement of abiotic stress tolerance. Here, we compile recent progress achieved using physiological, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome approaches; discuss the similarities and differences in how sorghum responds to differing stresses; and summarize the candidate genes involved in the process of responding to and regulating abiotic stresses. More importantly, we exemplify the differences between combined stresses and a single stress, emphasizing the necessity to strengthen future studies regarding the molecular responses and mechanisms of combined abiotic stresses, which has greater practical significance for food security. Our review lays a foundation for future functional studies of stress-tolerance-related genes and provides new insights into the molecular breeding of stress-tolerant sorghum genotypes, as well as listing a catalog of candidate genes for improving the stress tolerance for other key monocot crops, such as maize, rice, and sugarcane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Tu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Canghao Du
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Boju Yu
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guoli Wang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanbin Deng
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuesheng Wang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingjie Chen
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junli Chang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guangxiao Yang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guangyuan He
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiyong Xiong
- Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biology (Inner Mongolia University), Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Hohhot, China
| | - Yin Li
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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13
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Kou X, Liu H, Chen H, Xu Z, Yu X, Cao X, Liu D, Wen L, Zhuo Y, Wang L. Multifunctionality and maintenance mechanism of wetland ecosystems in the littoral zone of the northern semi-arid region lake driven by environmental factors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 870:161956. [PMID: 36737024 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem multifunctionality (BEMF) has become an ecological research hot spot in recent years. Changes in biodiversity are non-randomly distributed in space and time in natural ecosystems, and the BEMF relationship is affected by a combination of biotic and abiotic factors. These complex, uncertain relationships are affected by research scale and quantification and measurement indicators. This paper took the Daihai littoral zone wetlands in Inner Mongolia as the research object to reveal the dynamic succession of wetland vegetation and ecosystem function change characteristics and processes during the shrinkage of the lake. The main findings were as follows: the combined effect of aboveground (species and functions) and belowground (bacteria and fungi) diversity was greater than the effect of single components on ecosystem multifunctionality (EMF) (R2 = 80.00 %). Soil salinity (EC) had a direct negative effect on EMF (λ = -0.22), and soil moisture (SM) had a direct positive effect on EMF (λ = 0.19). The results of the hierarchical partitioning analysis showed that plant species richness (Margalef index) was the ideal indicator to explain the EMF and C, N, and P cycling functions in littoral zone wetlands with explanations of 12.25 %, 7.31 %, 7.83 %, and 5.33 %, respectively. The EMF and C and P cycles were mainly affected by bacterial diversity, and the N cycle was mainly affected by fungal abundance in belowground biodiversity. Margalef index and sand content affected EMF through cascading effects of multiple nutrients (FDis, CWMRV, CWMLCC, and bacterial and fungal abundance and diversity) in littoral zone wetlands. This paper provides a reference for exploring the multifunctionality maintenance mechanisms of natural littoral zone wetland ecosystems in the context of global change, and it also provides important theoretical support and basic data for the implementation of ecological restoration in Daihai lake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Kou
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Huamin Liu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Han Chen
- School of Business Administration and Humanities, Mongolian University of Science & Technology, Ulaanbaatar 46/520, Mongolia
| | - Zhichao Xu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Xiaowen Yu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Xiaoai Cao
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Dongwei Liu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Lu Wen
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Yi Zhuo
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Lixin Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Grassland Ecological Security (Jointly Supported by the Ministry of Education of China and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region), Hohhot 010021, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau, Hohhot 010021, China.
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14
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Liang Y, Huang Y, Liu C, Chen K, Li M. Functions and interaction of plant lipid signalling under abiotic stresses. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2023; 25:361-378. [PMID: 36719102 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Lipids are the primary form of energy storage and a major component of plasma membranes, which form the interface between the cell and the extracellular environment. Several lipids - including phosphoinositide, phosphatidic acid, sphingolipids, lysophospholipids, oxylipins, and free fatty acids - also serve as substrates for the generation of signalling molecules. Abiotic stresses, such as drought and temperature stress, are known to affect plant growth. In addition, abiotic stresses can activate certain lipid-dependent signalling pathways that control the expression of stress-responsive genes and contribute to plant stress adaptation. Many studies have focused either on the enzymatic production and metabolism of lipids, or on the mechanisms of abiotic stress response. However, there is little information regarding the roles of plant lipids in plant responses to abiotic stress. In this review, we describe the metabolism of plant lipids and discuss their involvement in plant responses to abiotic stress. As such, this review provides crucial background for further research on the interactions between plant lipids and abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Liang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Landscape Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in Lijiang River Basin, Guangxi Normal University, College of Life Science, Guilin, China
| | - Y Huang
- Guilin University of Electronic Technology, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guilin, China
| | - C Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Landscape Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in Lijiang River Basin, Guangxi Normal University, College of Life Science, Guilin, China
| | - K Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - M Li
- Department of Biotechnology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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15
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Khan D, Cai N, Zhu W, Li L, Guan M, Pu X, Chen Q. The role of phytomelatonin receptor 1-mediated signaling in plant growth and stress response. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1142753. [PMID: 36968396 PMCID: PMC10036441 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1142753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Phytomelatonin is a pleiotropic signaling molecule that regulates plant growth, development, and stress response. In plant cells, phytomelatonin is synthesized from tryptophan via several consecutive steps that are catalyzed by tryptophan decarboxylase (TDC), tryptamine 5-hydroxylase (T5H), serotonin N-acyltransferase (SNAT), and N-acetylserotonin methyltransferase (ASMT) and/or caffeic acid-3-O-methyltransferase (COMT). Recently, the identification of the phytomelatonin receptor PMTR1 in Arabidopsis has been considered a turning point in plant research, with the function and signal of phytomelatonin emerging as a receptor-based regulatory strategy. In addition, PMTR1 homologs have been identified in several plant species and have been found to regulate seed germination and seedling growth, stomatal closure, leaf senescence, and several stress responses. In this article, we review the recent evidence in our understanding of the PMTR1-mediated regulatory pathways in phytomelatonin signaling under environmental stimuli. Based on structural comparison of the melatonin receptor 1 (MT1) in human and PMTR1 homologs, we propose that the similarity in the three-dimensional structure of the melatonin receptors probably represents a convergent evolution of melatonin recognition in different species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiaojun Pu
- *Correspondence: Xiaojun Pu, ; ; Qi Chen, ;
| | - Qi Chen
- *Correspondence: Xiaojun Pu, ; ; Qi Chen, ;
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16
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Kurt F, Filiz E, Yildiz K, Akbudak MA. Genome-Wide Identification, Characterization and Expression Profiling of Potato ( Solanum tuberosum) Frataxin ( FH) Gene. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:468. [PMID: 36833395 PMCID: PMC9957314 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Frataxin (FH) plays a crucial role in the biogenesis of mitochondria and the regulation of iron in the cells of various organisms. However, there has been very little research on FH in plants. In this study, the potato FH gene (StFH) was identified and characterized using a genome-wide approach, and its sequence was compared to those of FH genes from Arabidopsis, rice, and maize. The FH genes were found to have a lineage-specific distribution and were more conserved in monocots than in dicots. While multiple copies of FH genes have been reported in some species, including plants, only one isoform of FH was found in potato. The expression of StFH in leaves and roots was analyzed under two different abiotic stress conditions, and the results showed that StFH was upregulated more in leaves and that its expression levels increased with the severity of the stress. This is the first study to examine the expression of an FH gene under abiotic stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firat Kurt
- Department of Plant Production and Technologies, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Mus Alparslan University, 49250 Mus, Turkey
| | - Ertugrul Filiz
- Department of Crop and Animal Production, Cilimli Vocational School, Duzce University, Cilimli, 81750 Duzce, Turkey
| | - Kubra Yildiz
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Akdeniz University, 07058 Antalya, Turkey
| | - M. Aydın Akbudak
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Akdeniz University, 07058 Antalya, Turkey
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17
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Pakzad R, Fatehi F, Kalantar M, Maleki M. Proteomics approach to investigating osmotic stress effects on pistachio. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1041649. [PMID: 36762186 PMCID: PMC9907329 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1041649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Osmotic stress can occur due to some stresses such as salinity and drought, threatening plant survival. To investigate the mechanism governing the pistachio response to this stress, the biochemical alterations and protein profile of PEG-treated plants was monitored. Also, we selected two differentially abundant proteins to validate via Real-Time PCR. Biochemical results displayed that in treated plants, proline and phenolic content was elevated, photosynthetic pigments except carotenoid decreased and MDA concentration were not altered. Our findings identified a number of proteins using 2DE-MS, involved in mitigating osmotic stress in pistachio. A total of 180 protein spots were identified, of which 25 spots were altered in response to osmotic stress. Four spots that had photosynthetic activities were down-regulated, and the remaining spots were up-regulated. The biological functional analysis of protein spots exhibited that most of them are associated with the photosynthesis and metabolism (36%) followed by stress response (24%). Results of Real-Time PCR indicated that two of the representative genes illustrated a positive correlation among transcript level and protein expression and had a similar trend in regulation of gene and protein. Osmotic stress set changes in the proteins associated with photosynthesis and stress tolerance, proteins associated with the cell wall, changes in the expression of proteins involved in DNA and RNA processing occur. Findings of this research will introduce possible proteins and pathways that contribute to osmotic stress and can be considered for improving osmotic tolerance in pistachio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rambod Pakzad
- Department of Plant Breeding, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran
| | - Foad Fatehi
- Department of Agriculture, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansour Kalantar
- Department of Plant Breeding, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mahmood Maleki
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
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18
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Kgang IE, Klein A, Mohamed GG, Mathabe PMK, Belay ZA, Caleb OJ. Enzymatic and proteomic exploration into the inhibitory activities of lemongrass and lemon essential oils against Botrytis cinerea (causative pathogen of gray mold). Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1101539. [PMID: 36741895 PMCID: PMC9890175 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1101539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Essential oils (EOs) have been demonstrated as efficacious against B. cinerea. However, the underpinning enzymatic and proteomic mechanism for these inhibitory effects is not entirely clear. Methods Thus, this study examined the effects of lemon (Le) and lemongrass (Lg) EOs (individually and in combination) against B. cinerea based on enzymatic and proteomic analyses. Proteomics data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD038894. Results and discussion Both EOs (individually and in combination) displayed abilities to induce scavenging as observed with the reduction of H2O2. Measured malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were increased in all EOs treated B. cinerea mycelia compared to the control. Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity was highest in Lg treated B. cinerea (206% increase), followed by combined (Le + Lg) treatment with 73% compared to the untreated control. Based on GC-MS analysis, the number of volatile compounds identified in lemon and lemongrass EOs were 7 and 10, respectively. Major chemical constituent of lemon EO was d-limonene (71%), while lemongrass EO was a-citral (50.1%). Based on the interrogated LC-MS data, 42 distinct proteins were identified, and 13 of these proteins were unique with 1, 8, and 4 found in Le-, Lg-, and (Le + Lg) EOs treated B. cinerea, respectively, and none in control. Overall, 72% of identified proteins were localized within cellular anatomical entity, and 28% in protein-complexes. Proteins involved in translation initiation, antioxidant activity, protein macromolecule adaptor activity and microtubule motor activity were only identified in the Lg and (Le + Lg) EOs treated B. cinerea mycelia, which was consistent with their APX activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itumeleng E. Kgang
- Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Western Cape, South Africa
- Post-Harvest and Agro-Processing Technologies (PHATs), Agricultural Research Council (ARC) Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Ashwil Klein
- Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Gadija G. Mohamed
- Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Patricia M. K. Mathabe
- School of Agriculture, Food & the Environment, Royal Agricultural University, Cirencester, United Kingdom
| | - Zinash A. Belay
- Post-Harvest and Agro-Processing Technologies (PHATs), Agricultural Research Council (ARC) Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Oluwafemi James Caleb
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- African Institute for Postharvest Technology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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19
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Chevilly S, Dolz-Edo L, Blanca J, Yenush L, Mulet JM. Identification of Distinctive Primary Metabolites Influencing Broccoli ( Brassica oleracea, var. Italica) Taste. Foods 2023; 12:foods12020339. [PMID: 36673431 PMCID: PMC9857596 DOI: 10.3390/foods12020339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. Italica Plenck) is a cruciferous crop that is considered to be a good source of micronutrients. Better taste is a main objective for breeding, as consumers are demanding novel cultivars suited for a healthy diet, but ones that are more palatable. This study aimed to identify primary metabolites related to cultivars with better taste according to a consumer panel. For this purpose, we performed a complete primary metabolomic profile of 20 different broccoli cultivars grown in the field and contrasted the obtained data with the results of a consumer panel which evaluated the taste of the same raw buds. A statistical analysis was conducted to find primary metabolites correlating with better score in the taste panels. According to our results, sugar content is not a distinctive factor for taste in broccoli. The accumulation of the amino acids leucine, lysine and alanine, together with Myo-inositol, negatively affected taste, while a high content of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a distinctive trait for cultivars scoring high in the consumer panels. A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) allowed us to define three different groups according to the metabolomic profile of the 20 broccoli cultivars studied. Our results suggest molecular traits that could be useful as distinctive markers to predict better taste in broccoli or to design novel biotechnological or classical breeding strategies for improving broccoli taste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Chevilly
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Laura Dolz-Edo
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - José Blanca
- Instituto Universitario de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, COMAV, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Lynne Yenush
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - José M. Mulet
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-96-387-7775
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Moloi SJ, Ngara R. The roles of plant proteases and protease inhibitors in drought response: a review. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1165845. [PMID: 37143877 PMCID: PMC10151539 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1165845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Upon exposure to drought, plants undergo complex signal transduction events with concomitant changes in the expression of genes, proteins and metabolites. For example, proteomics studies continue to identify multitudes of drought-responsive proteins with diverse roles in drought adaptation. Among these are protein degradation processes that activate enzymes and signalling peptides, recycle nitrogen sources, and maintain protein turnover and homeostasis under stressful environments. Here, we review the differential expression and functional activities of plant protease and protease inhibitor proteins under drought stress, mainly focusing on comparative studies involving genotypes of contrasting drought phenotypes. We further explore studies of transgenic plants either overexpressing or repressing proteases or their inhibitors under drought conditions and discuss the potential roles of these transgenes in drought response. Overall, the review highlights the integral role of protein degradation during plant survival under water deficits, irrespective of the genotypes' level of drought resilience. However, drought-sensitive genotypes exhibit higher proteolytic activities, while drought-tolerant genotypes tend to protect proteins from degradation by expressing more protease inhibitors. In addition, transgenic plant biology studies implicate proteases and protease inhibitors in various other physiological functions under drought stress. These include the regulation of stomatal closure, maintenance of relative water content, phytohormonal signalling systems including abscisic acid (ABA) signalling, and the induction of ABA-related stress genes, all of which are essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis under water deficits. Therefore, more validation studies are required to explore the various functions of proteases and their inhibitors under water limitation and their contributions towards drought adaptation.
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Khan MN, Fu C, Li J, Tao Y, Li Y, Hu J, Chen L, Khan Z, Wu H, Li Z. Seed nanopriming: How do nanomaterials improve seed tolerance to salinity and drought? CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 310:136911. [PMID: 36270526 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Salt and drought stress are major environmental issues world-widely. These stresses can result in failures of seed germination, limiting agricultural production. New approaches are needed to increase crop production, ensuring food safety, quality, and agriculture sustainability. Nanopriming (priming seeds with nanomaterials) is an emerging seed technology improving crop production under the drastic climate change associated with stress factors. The present review not only provided an overview of nanopriming achieved salt and drought tolerance but also tried to discuss the behind mechanisms. We argued that the physico-chemical properties of the nanomaterials are key factors affecting their negative or positive effects on seed germination in terms of seed nanopriming. Furthermore, we highlighted the possible critical role of seed coat anatomy in effective nanopriming, in terms of saving costs and reducing biosafety issues. This review aims to help researchers to better understand and follow this fast-developing, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Nauman Khan
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chengcheng Fu
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yunpeng Tao
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yanhui Li
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jin Hu
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Lingling Chen
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zaid Khan
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Honghong Wu
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China; College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Zhaohu Li
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China; College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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22
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Yang H, Wu Y, Zhang C, Wu W, Lyu L, Li W. Comprehensive resistance evaluation of 15 blueberry cultivars under high soil pH stress based on growth phenotype and physiological traits. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1072621. [PMID: 36570888 PMCID: PMC9780598 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1072621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
High soil pH is one of the main abiotic factors that negatively affects blueberry growth and cultivation. However, no comprehensive evaluation of the high soil pH tolerance of different blueberry cultivars has been conducted. Herein, 16 phenotypic and physiological indices of 15 blueberry cultivars were measured through pot experiments, and the high-pH soil tolerance coefficient (HSTC) was calculated based on these indices to comprehensively evaluate the high-soil-pH tolerance of plants. The results demonstrated that high soil pH stress inhibited blueberry 77.growth, and MDA, soluble sugar (SS), and soluble protein (SP) levels increased in leaves. Moreover, in all cultivars, CAT activity in the antioxidant system was enhanced, whereas SOD activity was reduced, and the relative expression levels of the antioxidant enzyme genes SOD and CAT showed similar changes. In addition, the leaf chlorophyll relative content (SPAD), net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (E), and stomatal conductance (Gs) decreased, while changes in the intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) were noted in different cultivars. Finally, according to the comprehensive evaluation value D obtained from the combination of principal component analysis (PCA) and membership function (MF), the 15 blueberry cultivars can be divided into 4 categories: high soil pH-tolerant type ['Briteblue' (highest D value 0.815)], intermediate tolerance type ('Zhaixuan 9', 'Zhaixuan 7', 'Emerald', 'Primadonna', 'Powderblue' and 'Chandler'), low high soil pH-tolerant type ('Brightwell', 'Gardenblue', 'Plolific' and 'Sharpblue') and high soil pH-sensitive type ['Legacy', 'Bluegold', 'Baldwin' and 'Anna' (lowest D value 0.166)]. Stepwise linear regression analysis revealed that plant height, SS, E, leaf length, Ci, SOD, and SPAD could be used to predict and evaluate the high soil pH tolerance of blueberry cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaqiong Wu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunhong Zhang
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenlong Wu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, China
| | - Lianfei Lyu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, China
| | - Weilin Li
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
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Overexpression of DoBAM1 from Yam ( Dioscorea opposita Thunb.) Enhances Cold Tolerance in Transgenic Tobacco. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13122296. [PMID: 36553563 PMCID: PMC9777697 DOI: 10.3390/genes13122296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
β-amylase (BAM) plays an important role in plant development and response to abiotic stresses. In this study, 5 DoBAM members were identified in yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb.). A novel β-amylase gene BAM1, (named DoBAM1), was isolated from yam varieties Bikeqi and Dahechangyu. The open reading frame (ORF) of DoBAM1 is 2806 bp and encodes 543 amino acids. Subcellular localization analysis indicates that DoBAM1 localizes to the cell membrane and cytoplasm. In the yam variety Dahechangyu, the starch content, β-amylase activity, and expression of DoBAM1 were characterized and found to all be higher than in Bikeqi. DoBAM1 overexpression in tobacco is shown to promote the accumulation of soluble sugar and chlorophyll content and to increase the activities of peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and β-amylase. Under cold treatment, we observed the induced upregulation of DoBAM1 and lower starch content and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation than in WT plants. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that DoBAM1 overexpression plays an advanced role in cold tolerance, at least in part by raising the levels of soluble sugars that are capable of acting as osmolytes or antioxidants.
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Wang X, Geng X, Bi X, Li R, Chen Y, Lu C. Genome-wide identification of AOX family genes in Moso bamboo and functional analysis of PeAOX1b_2 in drought and salinity stress tolerance. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2022; 41:2321-2339. [PMID: 36063182 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-022-02923-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Five PeAOX genes from Moso bamboo genome were identified. PeAOX1b_2-OE improved tolerance to drought and salinity stress in Arabidopsis, indicating it is involved in positive regulation of abiotic stress response. Mitochondrial alternative oxidase (AOX), the important respiratory terminal oxidase in organisms, catalyzes the energy wasteful cyanide (CN)-resistant respiration, which can improve abiotic stresses tolerance and is considered as one of the functional markers for plant resistance breeding. Here, a total of five putative AOX genes (PeAOXs) were identified and characterized in a monocotyledonous woody grass Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that PeAOXs belonged to AOX1 subfamily, and were named PeAOX1a_1, PeAOX1a_2, PeAOX1b_1, PeAOX1b_2 and PeAOX1c, respectively. Evolutionary and divergence patterns analysis revealed that the PeAOX, OsAOX, and BdAOX families experienced positive purifying selection and may have undergone a large-scale duplication event roughly 1.35-155.90 million years ago. Additionally, the organ-specific expression analysis showed that 80% of PeAOX members were mainly expressed in leaf. Promoter sequence analysis of PeAOXs revealed cis-acting regulatory elements (CAREs) responding to abiotic stress. Most PeAOX genes were significantly upregulated after methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and abscisic acid (ABA) treatment. Moreover, under salinity and drought stresses, the ectopic overexpression of PeAOX1b_2 in Arabidopsis enhanced seed germination and seedling establishment, increased the total respiratory rate and the proportion of AOX respiratory pathway in leaf, and enhanced antioxidant ability, suggesting that PeAOX1b_2 is crucial for abiotic stress resistance in Moso bamboo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xin Geng
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiaorui Bi
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Rongchen Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yuzhen Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Cunfu Lu
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants: Brassinosteroids Navigate Competently. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314577. [PMID: 36498906 PMCID: PMC9737064 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Brassinosteroid hormones (BRs) multitask to smoothly regulate a broad spectrum of vital physiological processes in plants, such as cell division, cell expansion, differentiation, seed germination, xylem differentiation, reproductive development and light responses (photomorphogenesis and skotomorphogenesis). Their importance is inferred when visible abnormalities arise in plant phenotypes due to suboptimal or supraoptimal hormone levels. This group of steroidal hormones are major growth regulators, having pleiotropic effects and conferring abiotic stress resistance to plants. Numerous abiotic stresses are the cause of significant loss in agricultural yield globally. However, plants are well equipped with efficient stress combat machinery. Scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a unique mechanism to combat the deleterious effects of abiotic stresses. In light of numerous reports in the past two decades, the complex BR signaling under different stress conditions (drought, salinity, extreme temperatures and heavy metals/metalloids) that drastically hinders the normal metabolism of plants is gradually being untangled and revealed. Thus, crop improvement has substantial potential by tailoring either the brassinosteroid signaling, biosynthesis pathway or perception. This review aims to explore and dissect the actual mission of BRs in signaling cascades and summarize their positive role with respect to abiotic stress tolerance.
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The CRK5 and WRKY53 Are Conditional Regulators of Senescence and Stomatal Conductance in Arabidopsis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223558. [PMID: 36428987 PMCID: PMC9688832 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In Arabidopsis thaliana, cysteine-rich receptor-like kinases (CRKs) constitute a large group of membrane-localized proteins which perceive external stimuli and transduce the signal into the cell. Previous reports based on their loss-of-function phenotypes and expression profile support their role in many developmental and stress-responsive pathways. Our study revealed that one member of this family, CRK5, acts as a negative regulator of leaf aging. Enrichment of the CRK5 promoter region in W-box cis-elements demonstrated that WRKY transcription factors control it. We observed significantly enhanced WRKY53 expression in crk5 and reversion of its early-senescence phenotype in the crk5 wrky53 line, suggesting a negative feedback loop between these proteins antagonistically regulating chlorophyll a and b contents. Yeast-two hybrid assay showed further that CRK5 interacts with several proteins involved in response to water deprivation or calcium signaling, while gas exchange analysis revealed a positive effect of CRK5 on water use efficiency. Consistent with that, the crk5 plants showed disturbed foliar temperature, stomatal conductance, transpiration, and increased susceptibility to osmotic stress. These traits were fully or partially reverted to wild-type phenotype in crk5 wrky53 double mutant. Obtained results suggest that WRKY53 and CRK5 are antagonistic regulators of chlorophyll synthesis/degradation, senescence, and stomatal conductance.
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Lim J, Lim CW, Lee SC. Role of pepper MYB transcription factor CaDIM1 in regulation of the drought response. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1028392. [PMID: 36304389 PMCID: PMC9592997 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1028392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is a major phytohormone that plays important roles in stress responses, including regulation of gene expression and stomatal closure. Regulation of gene expression by transcription factors is a key cellular process for initiating defense responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Here, using pepper (Capsicum annuum) leaves, we identified the MYB transcription factor CaDIM1 (Capsicum annuum Drought Induced MYB 1), which was highly induced by ABA and drought stress. CaDIM1 has an MYB domain in the N-terminal region and an acidic domain in the C-terminal region, which are responsible for recognition and transactivation of the target gene, respectively. Compared to control plants, CaDIM1-silenced pepper plants displayed ABA-insensitive and drought-sensitive phenotypes with reduced expression of stress-responsive genes. On the other hand, overexpression of CaDIM1 in Arabidopsis exhibited the opposite phenotypes of CaDIM1-silenced pepper plants, accompanied by enhanced ABA sensitivity and drought tolerance. Taken together, we demonstrate that CaDIM1 functions as a positive regulator of the drought-stress response via modulating ABA-mediated gene expression.
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Heikal YM, El-Esawi MA, Naidu R, Elshamy MM. Eco-biochemical responses, phytoremediation potential and molecular genetic analysis of Alhagi maurorum grown in metal-contaminated soils. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:383. [PMID: 35909101 PMCID: PMC9341119 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03768-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alhagi maurorum Medik. (camelthorn) is a dominant desert plant indigenous in various habitats, including the Western Desert of Egypt. The plant is especially prevalent in and around economic iron ore deposits. Nutrient and heavy metal levels in A. maurorum tissues and soil samples were assessed to identify associations between heavy metal levels in plants and soil. The objective was to evaluate this species as an indicator of heavy metal pollution. Photosynthetic pigments, protein, proline, alkaloids, flavonoids, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazylscavenging, reduced glutathione, malondialdehyde, antioxidant enzymes, and stress-related gene expression were assessed to determine their functional roles in metal stress adaptation in ultra- and molecular structure. Additionally, the molecular genetic variation in A. maurorum samples was assessed using co-dominant sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) and inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR). RESULTS A substantial difference in enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants of A. maurorum was observed in samples collected from three sites. A. maurorum is suited to the climate in mineralized regions. Morphologically, the stem shows spines, narrow leaves, and a reduced shoot system. Anatomically, modifications included a cuticle coating on leaves and stems, sunken stomata, a compact epidermis, and a thick cortex. Significant anatomical-physiological differences were observed with varying heavy metal soil content, antioxidative enzyme activities increased as a tolerance strategy, and glutathione levels decreased in response to heavy metal toxicity. Heavy metal accumulation also affected the expression of stress-related genes. The highest levels of expression of GST, G6PDH, 6PGD, nitrate reductase 1, and sulfate transporter genes were found in plants collected from site A1. However, auxin-induced protein exhibited its highest expression in plants collected from A2. Six SRAP combinations yielded 25 scoreable markers with a polymorphism rate of 64%, and 5 ISSR markers produced 11 bands with a polymorphism rate of 36.36% for three A. maurorum genotypes. The ME1xEM7 primer combinations provided the most polymorphic information content and resolving power, making it the most useful primer for differentiating A. maurorum genotypes. SRAP markers exhibited a higher diversity index (0.24) than ISSR markers (0.16). CONCLUSIONS A. maurorum displayed adaptive characteristics for heavy metal sequestration from mining site soils and is proposed as a strong candidate for phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin M Heikal
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed A El-Esawi
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Maha M Elshamy
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
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Yuan S, Hu D, Wang Y, Shao C, Liu T, Zhang C, Cheng F, Hou X, Li Y. BcWRKY1 confers salt sensitivity via inhibiting Reactive oxygen species scavenging. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 109:741-759. [PMID: 35553313 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-022-01272-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
WRKY transcription factors play important roles in abiotic stress by directly regulating stress-related genes. However, the molecular mechanism of its involvement in salt stress in pak-choi is still poorly understood. In this study, we elucidated the function of BcWRKY1 from pak-choi (Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis) in salt stress. The expression level of BcWRKY1 showed the highest in rosette leaves among different tissues and was induced by salt and ABA treatment in pak-choi. Subcellular localization showed that BcWRKY1 was located in nucleus. The transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing BcWRKY1 exhibited enhanced salt sensitivity and higher H2O2 contents, which were further confirmed by silencing BcWRKY1 in pak-choi. In addition, the expression of ZAT12 was negatively regulated with BcWRKY1 under salt stress both in pak-choi and Arabidopsis. Yeast one-hybrid and dual luciferase reporter assay showed that BcWRKY1 could bind to the promoter of BcZAT12, and BcsAPX expression was activated by BcZAT12. To sum up, we propose a BcWRKY1-BcZAT12-BcsAPX regulatory model that involves in pak-choi salt stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuilin Yuan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Die Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation & Utilization, Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Cen Shao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tongkun Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Changwei Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Feng Cheng
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural Genomics, Beijing, China
| | - Xilin Hou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ying Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Zheng SQ, Fu ZW, Lu YT. ELO2 Participates in the Regulation of Osmotic Stress Response by Modulating Nitric Oxide Accumulation in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:924064. [PMID: 35909771 PMCID: PMC9326477 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.924064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The ELO family is involved in synthesizing very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) and VLCFAs play a crucial role in plant development, protein transport, and disease resistance, but the physiological function of the plant ELO family is largely unknown. Further, while nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-like activity acts in various plant environmental responses by modulating nitric oxide (NO) accumulation, how the NOS-like activity is regulated in such different stress responses remains misty. Here, we report that the yeast mutant Δelo3 is defective in H2O2-triggered cell apoptosis with decreased NOS-like activity and NO accumulation, while its Arabidopsis homologous gene ELO2 (ELO HOMOLOG 2) could complement such defects in Δelo3. The expression of this gene is enhanced and required in plant osmotic stress response because the T-DNA insertion mutant elo2 is more sensitive to the stress than wild-type plants, and ELO2 expression could rescue the sensitivity phenotype of elo2. In addition, osmotic stress-promoted NOS-like activity and NO accumulation are significantly repressed in elo2, while exogenous application of NO donors can rescue this sensitivity of elo2 in terms of germination rate, fresh weight, chlorophyll content, and ion leakage. Furthermore, stress-responsive gene expression, proline accumulation, and catalase activity are also repressed in elo2 compared with the wild type under osmotic stress. In conclusion, our study identifies ELO2 as a pivotal factor involved in plant osmotic stress response and reveals its role in regulating NOS-like activity and NO accumulation.
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Rehman T, Tabassum B, Yousaf S, Sarwar G, Qaisar U. Consequences of Drought Stress Encountered During Seedling Stage on Physiology and Yield of Cultivated Cotton. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:906444. [PMID: 35845681 PMCID: PMC9280337 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.906444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Survival of living organisms depends on the availability of water resources required for agriculture. In the current scenario of limited water resources, it is our priority to maximise the yield potential of crops with a minimum supply of available water. In this study, we evaluated seven cultivated varieties of Gossypium hirsutum (FH-114, FH-152, FH-326, FH-492, FH-942, VH-327 and FH-NOOR) for their tolerance, yield potential and fibre quality under water shortages. We also studied the effect of drought stress on osmoregulation, chlorophyll content, antioxidant (peroxidase and catalase) activity, lipid peroxidation and secondary metabolite accumulation in the varieties under study. It was revealed that three varieties (FH-114, FH-152 and VH-327) exhibited a lower stress susceptibility index and more tolerance to drought stress. All the varieties demonstrated enhanced proline and malondialdehyde content, but no significant change in chlorophyll content was observed under limited water supply. Antioxidant activity offered by catalase and phenolic content was enhanced in FH-492 whilst peroxidase activity increased in FH-114 and FH-326. Phenolic content was highest in FH-942 and decreased significantly in the remaining varieties. Ginning outturn of the cotton varieties increased in VH-327 (19.8%) and FH-326 (3.7%), was not affected in FH-114 and FH-492 and was reduced in FH-152, FH-942 and FH-NOOR. All cotton varieties tested showed an increase in micronaire thickness when exposed to drought stress as early as the seedling stage. This study highlights the evaluation and screening of cotton varieties for their response to drought stress in terms of yield and fibre quality when exposed to water shortages during plant development and can help in devising irrigation plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanzeela Rehman
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Tabassum
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Samina Yousaf
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Sarwar
- Department of Cotton Section, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Uzma Qaisar
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Yang Y, Karthikeyan A, Yin J, Jin T, Ren R, Fang F, Cai H, Liu M, Wang D, Li K, Zhi H. The E3 Ligase GmPUB21 Negatively Regulates Drought and Salinity Stress Response in Soybean. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:6893. [PMID: 35805901 PMCID: PMC9266294 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23136893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
E3-ubiquitin ligases are known to confer abiotic stress responses in plants. In the present study, GmPUB21, a novel U-box E3-ubiquitin ligase-encoding gene, was isolated from soybean and functionally characterized. The expression of GmPUB21, which possesses E3-ubiquitin ligase activity, was found to be significantly up-regulated by drought, salinity, and ABA treatments. The fusion protein GmPUB21-GFP was localized in the cytoplasm, nucleus, and plasma membrane. Transgenic lines of the Nicotiana benthamiana over-expressing GmPUB21 showed more sensitive to osmotic, salinity stress and ABA in seed germination and inhibited mannitol/NaCl-mediated stomatal closure. Moreover, higher reactive oxygen species accumulation was observed in GmPUB21 overexpressing plants after drought and salinity treatment than in wild-type (WT) plants. Contrarily, silencing of GmPUB21 in soybean plants significantly enhanced the tolerance to drought and salinity stresses. Collectively, our results revealed that GmPUB21 negatively regulates the drought and salinity tolerance by increasing the stomatal density and aperture via the ABA signaling pathway. These findings improved our understanding of the role of GmPUB21 under drought and salinity stresses in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhua Yang
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean—Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.Y.); (J.Y.); (T.J.); (F.F.); (H.C.); (M.L.); (D.W.)
| | - Adhimoolam Karthikeyan
- Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea;
| | - Jinlong Yin
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean—Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.Y.); (J.Y.); (T.J.); (F.F.); (H.C.); (M.L.); (D.W.)
| | - Tongtong Jin
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean—Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.Y.); (J.Y.); (T.J.); (F.F.); (H.C.); (M.L.); (D.W.)
| | - Rui Ren
- Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China;
| | - Fei Fang
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean—Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.Y.); (J.Y.); (T.J.); (F.F.); (H.C.); (M.L.); (D.W.)
| | - Han Cai
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean—Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.Y.); (J.Y.); (T.J.); (F.F.); (H.C.); (M.L.); (D.W.)
| | - Mengzhuo Liu
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean—Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.Y.); (J.Y.); (T.J.); (F.F.); (H.C.); (M.L.); (D.W.)
| | - Dagang Wang
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean—Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.Y.); (J.Y.); (T.J.); (F.F.); (H.C.); (M.L.); (D.W.)
| | - Kai Li
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean—Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.Y.); (J.Y.); (T.J.); (F.F.); (H.C.); (M.L.); (D.W.)
| | - Haijian Zhi
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean—Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.Y.); (J.Y.); (T.J.); (F.F.); (H.C.); (M.L.); (D.W.)
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Liu WC, Song RF, Zheng SQ, Li TT, Zhang BL, Gao X, Lu YT. Coordination of plant growth and abiotic stress responses by tryptophan synthase β subunit 1 through modulation of tryptophan and ABA homeostasis in Arabidopsis. MOLECULAR PLANT 2022; 15:973-990. [PMID: 35488429 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2022.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
To adapt to changing environments, plants have evolved elaborate regulatory mechanisms balancing their growth with stress responses. It is currently unclear whether and how the tryptophan (Trp), the growth-related hormone auxin, and the stress hormone abscisic acid (ABA) are coordinated in this trade-off. Here, we show that tryptophan synthase β subunit 1 (TSB1) is involved in the coordination of Trp and ABA, thereby affecting plant growth and abiotic stress responses. Plants experiencing high salinity or drought display reduced TSB1 expression, resulting in decreased Trp and auxin accumulation and thus reduced growth. In comparison with the wild type, amiR-TSB1 lines and TSB1 mutants exhibited repressed growth under non-stress conditions but had enhanced ABA accumulation and stress tolerance when subjected to salt or drought stress. Furthermore, we found that TSB1 interacts with and inhibits β-glucosidase 1 (BG1), which hydrolyses glucose-conjugated ABA into active ABA. Mutation of BG1 in the amiR-TSB1 lines compromised their increased ABA accumulation and enhanced stress tolerance. Moreover, stress-induced H2O2 disrupted the interaction between TSB1 and BG1 by sulfenylating cysteine-308 of TSB1, relieving the TSB1-mediated inhibition of BG1 activity. Taken together, we revealed that TSB1 serves as a key coordinator of plant growth and stress responses by balancing Trp and ABA homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Cheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Ru-Feng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Si-Qiu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ting-Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Bing-Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ying-Tang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
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Heterologous Expression of Dehydration-Inducible MfbHLH145 of Myrothamnus flabellifoli Enhanced Drought and Salt Tolerance in Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105546. [PMID: 35628358 PMCID: PMC9146472 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Myrothamnus flabellifolia is the only woody resurrection plant found in the world. It has a strong tolerance to drought and can survive long-term exposure to desiccated environments. However, few genes related to its drought tolerance have been functionally characterized and the molecular mechanisms underlying the stress tolerance of M. flabellifolia are largely unknown. In this study, we isolated a dehydration-inducible bHLH transcription factor gene MfbHLH145 from M. flabellifolia. Heterologous expression of MfbHLH145 enhanced the drought and salt tolerance of Arabidopsis. It can not only promote root system development under short-term stresses, but also improve growth performance under long-term treatments. Further investigation showed that MfbHLH145 contributes to enhanced leaf water retention capacity through the promotion of stomatal closure, increased osmolyte accumulation, and decreased stress-induced oxidative damage through an increase in antioxidant enzyme activities. These results suggest that MfbHLH145 may be involved in the positive regulation of stress responses in M. flabellifolia. This study provides insight into the molecular mechanism underlying the survival of M. flabellifolia in extreme dehydration conditions.
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Choi SY, Lee YJ, Seo HU, Kim JH, Jang CS. Physio-biochemical and molecular characterization of a rice drought-insensitive TILLING line 1 (ditl1) mutant. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13718. [PMID: 35587520 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress is a major abiotic stress that limits rice yield. Therefore, the development of new varieties tolerant to drought stress is a high priority in breeding programs. In this study, 150 rice M10 mutant lines, previously developed using gamma-ray irradiation, were used, and a drought-insensitive rice mutant (ditl1) was selected by drought stress screening. The ditl1 mutant exhibited significantly decreased water loss, leaf curling, and H2 O2 accumulation under drought stress. Chlorophyll leaching assay and toluidine blue staining suggested lower cuticle permeability in ditl1 mutants than in wild-type (WT) plants. In addition, transmission electron microscopy revealed that ditl1 plants accumulated more cuticular wax on the epidermal surface. Whole-genome resequencing analysis suggested that the deletion of a single nucleotide on the LOC_Os05g48260 gene, a putative ortholog of WSD1 (wax ester synthase/diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase in Arabidopsis), maybe be the gene responsible for the drought insensitive phenotype of ditl1. The ditl1 mutant will be a valuable breeding resource for developing drought stress tolerant rice cultivar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Young Choi
- Plant Genomics Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Jin Lee
- Agriculture and Life Sciences Research Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Ung Seo
- Plant Genomics Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Ho Kim
- Plant Genomics Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Seong Jang
- Plant Genomics Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
- Agriculture and Life Sciences Research Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
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36
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Ghosh A, Mustafiz A, Pareek A, Sopory SK, Singla-Pareek SL. Glyoxalase III enhances salinity tolerance through reactive oxygen species scavenging and reduced glycation. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13693. [PMID: 35483971 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MG) is a metabolically generated highly cytotoxic compound that accumulates in all living organisms, from Escherichia coli to humans, under stress conditions. To detoxify MG, nature has evolved reduced glutathione (GSH)-dependent glyoxalase and NADPH-dependent aldo-keto reductase systems. But both GSH and NADPH have been reported to be limiting in plants under stress conditions, and thus detoxification might not be performed efficiently. Recently, glyoxalase III (GLY III)-like enzyme activity has been reported from various species, which can detoxify MG without any cofactor. In the present study, we have tested whether an E. coli gene, hchA, encoding a functional GLY III, could provide abiotic stress tolerance to living systems. Overexpression of this gene showed improved tolerance in E. coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells against salinity, dicarbonyl, and oxidative stresses. Ectopic expression of the E. coli GLY III gene (EcGLY-III) in transgenic tobacco plants confers tolerance against salinity at both seedling and reproductive stages as indicated by their height, weight, membrane stability index, and total yield potential. Transgenic plants showed significantly increased glyoxalase and antioxidant enzyme activity that resisted the accumulation of excess MG and reactive oxygen species (ROS) during stress. Moreover, transgenic plants showed more anti-glycation activity to inhibit the formation of advanced glycation end product (AGE) that might prevent transgenic plants from stress-induced senescence. Taken together, all these observations indicate that overexpression of EcGLYIII confers salinity stress tolerance in plants and should be explored further for the generation of stress-tolerant plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajit Ghosh
- Plant Stress Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Ananda Mustafiz
- Plant Stress Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashwani Pareek
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Sudhir K Sopory
- Plant Stress Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Sneh L Singla-Pareek
- Plant Stress Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
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37
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Han Y, Wang Y, Zhai Y, Wen Z, Liu J, Xi C, Zhao H, Wang Y, Han S. OsOSCA1.1 Mediates Hyperosmolality and Salt Stress Sensing in Oryza sativa. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11050678. [PMID: 35625406 PMCID: PMC9138581 DOI: 10.3390/biology11050678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OSCA (reduced hyperosmolality-induced [Ca2+]i increase) is a family of mechanosensitive calcium-permeable channels that play a role in osmosensing and stomatal immunity in plants. Oryza sativa has 11 OsOSCA genes; some of these were shown to complement hyperosmolality-induced [Ca2+]cyt increases (OICIcyt), salt stress-induced [Ca2+]cyt increases (SICIcyt), and the associated growth phenotype in the Arabidopsis thaliana mutant osca1. However, their biological functions in rice remain unclear. In this paper, we found that OsOSCA1.1 mediates OICIcyt and SICIcyt in rice roots, which are critical for stomatal closure, plant survival, and gene expression in shoots, in response to hyperosmolality and the salt stress treatment of roots. Compared with wild-type (Zhonghua11, ZH11) plants, OICIcyt and SICIcyt were abolished in the roots of 10-day-old ososca1.1 seedlings, in response to treatment with 250 mM of sorbitol and 100 mM of NaCl, respectively. Moreover, hyperosmolality- and salt stress-induced stomatal closure were also disrupted in a 30-day-old ososca1.1 mutant, resulting in lower stomatal resistance and survival rates than that in ZH11. However, overexpression of OsOSCA1.1 in ososca1.1 complemented stomatal movement and survival, in response to hyperosmolality and salt stress. The transcriptomic analysis further revealed the following three types of OsOSCA1.1-regulated genes in the shoots: 2416 sorbitol-responsive, 2349 NaCl-responsive and 1844 common osmotic stress-responsive genes after treated with 250 mM of sorbitol and 125 mM NaCl of in 30-day-old rice roots for 24 h. The Gene Ontology enrichment analysis showed that these OsOSCA1.1-regulated genes were relatively enriched in transcription regulation, hormone response, and phosphorylation terms of the biological processes category, which is consistent with the Cis-regulatory elements ABRE, ARE, MYB and MYC binding motifs that were overrepresented in 2000-bp promoter regions of these OsOSCA1.1-regulated genes. These results indicate that OsOSCA-mediated calcium signaling specifically regulates gene expression, in response to drought and salt stress in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (Z.W.); (J.L.); (C.X.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yinxing Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (Z.W.); (J.L.); (C.X.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yuanjun Zhai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (Z.W.); (J.L.); (C.X.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Zhaohong Wen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (Z.W.); (J.L.); (C.X.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Jin Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (Z.W.); (J.L.); (C.X.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Chao Xi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (Z.W.); (J.L.); (C.X.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Heping Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (Z.W.); (J.L.); (C.X.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yingdian Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (Z.W.); (J.L.); (C.X.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability of the People’s Government of Qinghai Province & Beijing Normal University, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
| | - Shengcheng Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (Z.W.); (J.L.); (C.X.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability of the People’s Government of Qinghai Province & Beijing Normal University, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- Correspondence:
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Perlikowski D, Lechowicz K, Pawłowicz I, Arasimowicz-Jelonek M, Kosmala A. Scavenging of nitric oxide up-regulates photosynthesis under drought in Festuca arundinacea and F. glaucescens but reduces their drought tolerance. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6500. [PMID: 35444199 PMCID: PMC9021232 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10299-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) has been proven to be involved in the regulation of many physiological processes in plants. Though the contribution of NO in plant response to drought has been demonstrated in numerous studies, this phenomenon remains still not fully recognized. The research presented here was performed to decipher the role of NO metabolism in drought tolerance and the ability to recover after stress cessation in two closely related species of forage grasses, important for agriculture in European temperate regions: Festuca arundinacea and F. glaucescens. In both species, two genotypes with distinct levels of drought tolerance were selected to compare their physiological reactions to simulated water deficit and further re-watering, combined with a simultaneous application of NO scavenger, 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (PTIO). The results clearly indicated a strong relationship between scavenging of NO in leaves and physiological response of both analyzed grass species to water deficit and re-watering. It was revealed that NO generated under drought was mainly located in mesophyll cells. In plants with reduced NO level a higher photosynthetic capacity and delay in stomatal closure under drought, were observed. Moreover, NO scavenging resulted also in the increased membrane permeability and higher accumulation of ROS in cells of analyzed plants both under drought and re-watering. This phenomena indicate that lower NO level might reduce drought tolerance and the ability of F. arundinacea and F. glaucescens to recover after stress cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Perlikowski
- Plant Physiology Team, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-479, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Lechowicz
- Plant Physiology Team, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-479, Poznan, Poland
| | - Izabela Pawłowicz
- Plant Physiology Team, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-479, Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Arasimowicz-Jelonek
- Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Kosmala
- Plant Physiology Team, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-479, Poznan, Poland
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39
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Leybourne DJ, Valentine TA, Binnie K, Taylor A, Karley AJ, Bos JIB. Drought stress increases the expression of barley defence genes with negative consequences for infesting cereal aphids. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:2238-2250. [PMID: 35090009 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Crops are exposed to myriad abiotic and biotic stressors with negative consequences. Two stressors that are expected to increase under climate change are drought and infestation with herbivorous insects, including important aphid species. Expanding our understanding of the impact drought has on the plant-aphid relationship will become increasingly important under future climate scenarios. Here we use a previously characterized plant-aphid system comprising a susceptible variety of barley, a wild relative of barley with partial aphid resistance, and the bird cherry-oat aphid to examine the drought-plant-aphid relationship. We show that drought has a negative effect on plant physiology and aphid fitness, and provide evidence to suggest that plant resistance influences aphid responses to drought stress. Furthermore, we show that the expression of thionin genes, plant defensive compounds that contribute to aphid resistance, increase in susceptible plants exposed to drought stress but remain at constant levels in the partially resistant plant, suggesting that they play an important role in determining the success of aphid populations. This study highlights the role of plant defensive processes in mediating the interactions between the environment, plants, and herbivorous insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Leybourne
- Division of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK
- Cell and Molecular Sciences, the James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK
- Ecological Sciences, the James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Tracy A Valentine
- Ecological Sciences, the James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Kirsty Binnie
- Ecological Sciences, the James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Anna Taylor
- Ecological Sciences, the James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Alison J Karley
- Ecological Sciences, the James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Jorunn I B Bos
- Division of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK
- Cell and Molecular Sciences, the James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK
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40
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Zhou H, Zhang F, Zhai F, Su Y, Zhou Y, Ge Z, Tilak P, Eirich J, Finkemeier I, Fu L, Li Z, Yang J, Shen W, Yuan X, Xie Y. Rice GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE1-mediated oxidation of bZIP68 positively regulates ABA-independent osmotic stress signaling. MOLECULAR PLANT 2022; 15:651-670. [PMID: 34793984 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Osmotic stress caused by drought and high salinity is a significant environmental threat that limits plant growth and agricultural yield. Redox regulation plays an important role in plant stress responses, but the mechanisms by which plants perceive and transduce redox signals are still underexplored. Here, we report a critical function for the thiol peroxidase GPX1 in osmotic stress response in rice, where it serves as a redox sensor and transducer. GPX1 is quickly oxidized upon exposure to osmotic stress and forms an intramolecular disulfide bond, which is required for the activation of bZIP68, a VRE-like basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor involved in the ABA-independent osmotic stress response pathway. The disulfide exchange between GPX1 and bZIP68 induces homo-tetramerization of bZIP68 and thus positively regulates osmotic stress response by regulating osmotic-responsive gene expression. Furthermore, we discovered that the nuclear translocation of GPX1 is regulated by its acetylation under osmotic stress. Taken together, our findings not only uncover the redox regulation of the GPX1-bZIP68 module during osmotic stress but also highlight the coordination of protein acetylation and redox signaling in plant osmotic stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhou
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Fengchao Zhai
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Ye Su
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Zhenglin Ge
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Priyadarshini Tilak
- Institute for Biology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Jürgen Eirich
- Institute for Biology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Iris Finkemeier
- Institute for Biology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Ling Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center 17 for Protein Sciences ⋅ Beijing, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Zongmin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center 17 for Protein Sciences ⋅ Beijing, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center 17 for Protein Sciences ⋅ Beijing, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Wenbiao Shen
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Xingxing Yuan
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yanjie Xie
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
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miR398 Attenuates Heat-Induced Leaf Cell Death via Its Target CSD1 in Chinese Cabbage. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8040299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Previous research has shown that miR398 contributed to plant thermotolerance by silencing its target gene COPPER/ZINC SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE1 (CSD1) in Arabidopsis thaliana. However, the phylogenesis of miR398 and CSD1 in Brassica crop and their role in regulating leaf cell death under heat stress remains unexplored. Here, we characterized the homologous genes of miR398a and CSD1 in Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis (Chinese cabbage) and found miR398a abundance was accumulated under heat stress (38 °C and 46 °C for 1 h) in Chinese cabbage, while the expression level of its targets BraCSD1-1 and BraCSD2-1 were downregulated. To further explore their role in heat response, we constructed the transgenic plants overexpressing artificial miR398a (aBra-miR398a), Bra-miR398a target mimic (Bra-MIM398a), and BraCSD1-1 in Chinese cabbage for genetic study. Under high temperatures, p35S::aBra-miR398a lines reduced the areas of leaf cell death and delayed the leaf cell death. By contrast, p35S::Bra-MIM398a and p35S::BraCSD1-1 plants enlarged the areas of leaf cell death and displayed the earliness of leaf cell death. Finally, we found that the expression level of stress-responsive genes BraLEA76, BraCaM1, BraPLC, BraDREB2A, and BraP5CS increased in transgenic plants overexpressing aBra-miR398a, which may contribute to their resistance to heat-induced leaf cell death. Taken together, these results revealed the function of Bra-miR398a in attenuating leaf cell death to ensure plant thermotolerance, indicating that the miR398-CSD1 module could be potential candidates for heat-resistant crop breeding.
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Singh CM, Kumar M, Pratap A, Tripathi A, Singh S, Mishra A, Kumar H, Nair RM, Singh NP. Genome-Wide Analysis of Late Embryogenesis Abundant Protein Gene Family in Vigna Species and Expression of VrLEA Encoding Genes in Vigna glabrescens Reveal Its Role in Heat Tolerance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:843107. [PMID: 35392521 PMCID: PMC8981728 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.843107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins are identified in many crops for their response and role in adaptation to various abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity, and temperature. The LEA genes have been studied systematically in several crops but not in Vigna crops. In this study, we reported the first comprehensive analysis of the LEA gene family in three legume species, namely, mung bean (Vigna radiata), adzuki bean (Vigna angularis), and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), and the cross-species expression of VrLEA genes in a wild tetraploid species, Vigna glabrescens. A total of 201 LEA genes from three Vigna crops were identified harboring the LEA conserved motif. Among these 55, 64, and 82 LEA genes were identified in mung bean, adzuki bean, and cowpea genomes, respectively. These LEA genes were grouped into eight different classes. Our analysis revealed that the cowpea genome comprised all eight classes of LEA genes, whereas the LEA-6 class was absent in the mung bean genome. Similarly, LEA-5 and LEA-6 were absent in the adzuki bean genome. The analysis of LEA genes provides an insight into their structural and functional diversity in the Vigna genome. The genes, such as VrLEA-2, VrLEA-40, VrLEA-47, and VrLEA-55, were significantly upregulated in the heat-tolerant genotype under stress conditions indicating the basis of heat tolerance. The successful amplification and expression of VrLEA genes in V. glabrescens indicated the utility of the developed markers in mung bean improvement. The results of this study increase our understanding of LEA genes and provide robust candidate genes for future functional investigations and a basis for improving heat stress tolerance in Vigna crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Mohan Singh
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda, India
| | - Mukul Kumar
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda, India
| | - Aditya Pratap
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
| | - Anupam Tripathi
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda, India
| | - Smita Singh
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda, India
| | - Anuj Mishra
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda, India
| | - Hitesh Kumar
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda, India
| | | | - Narendra Pratap Singh
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda, India
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Xiong S, Wang Y, Chen Y, Gao M, Zhao Y, Wu L. Effects of Drought Stress and Rehydration on Physiological and Biochemical Properties of Four Oak Species in China. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11050679. [PMID: 35270149 PMCID: PMC8912384 DOI: 10.3390/plants11050679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Quercus fabri Hance, Quercus serrata Thunb, Quercus acutissima Carruth, and Quercus variabilis BL are four Chinese oak species commonly used for forestation. To ensure the survival of seedlings, we first need to understand the differences in drought resistance of the four oak species at the seedling stage, and comprehensively evaluate their drought resistance capabilities. The four oak seedlings were divided into drought-rewatering treatment group and well watered samples (control group). For the seedlings of the drought-rewatering treatment group, drought stress lasting 31 days was used, and then re-watering for 5 days. The water parameters, osmotic solutes content, antioxidant enzyme activity and photosynthesis parameters of the seedlings in the two groups were measured every 5 days. Compared with the control group, the relative water content, water potential, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance levels of the four oaks all showed a downward trend under continuous drought stress, and showed an upward trend after rehydration. The soluble protein, soluble sugar, proline, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase content of the four oaks increased first and then decreased under drought stress, and then increased after rehydration. The content of glycine betaine and malondialdehyde continued to increase, and gradually decreased after rehydration. The weight of each index was calculated by principal component analysis, and then the comprehensive evaluation of each index was carried out through the membership function method. The drought resistance levels of the four oak species were as follows: Q. serrata > Q. fabri > Q. variabilis > Q. acutissima.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifa Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; (S.X.); (Y.W.); (Y.C.); (M.G.); (Y.Z.)
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Yangdong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; (S.X.); (Y.W.); (Y.C.); (M.G.); (Y.Z.)
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Yicun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; (S.X.); (Y.W.); (Y.C.); (M.G.); (Y.Z.)
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Ming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; (S.X.); (Y.W.); (Y.C.); (M.G.); (Y.Z.)
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Yunxiao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; (S.X.); (Y.W.); (Y.C.); (M.G.); (Y.Z.)
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Liwen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; (S.X.); (Y.W.); (Y.C.); (M.G.); (Y.Z.)
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, China
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Liu Q, Liu R, Zhou Y, Wang W, Wu G, Yang N. Phospholipase Dδ and H 2S increase the production of NADPH oxidase-dependent H 2O 2 to respond to osmotic stress-induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis thaliana. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 270:153617. [PMID: 35042010 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Osmotic stress is one of the main stresses that seriously affects the survival of plants, destroying normal cell activities, and potentially leading to plant death. Phospholipase D (PLD), a major lipid hydrolase, hydrolyzes membrane phospholipids to produce phosphatidic acid (PA) and responds to many abiotic stresses. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) emerges as the third gaseous signaling molecule involved in the complex network of signaling events. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) plays a crucial role as a signaling molecule in plant development and growth, and responds to various abiotic and biotic stresses. In this study, the functions and the relationship of PLDδ, H2S, and H2O2 in osmotic stress-induced stomatal closure were explored. By using the seedlings of ecotype (WT), PLDδ-deficient mutant (pldδ), l-cysteine desulfhydrase (LCD)-deficient mutant (lcd), and pldδlcd double mutant, atrbohD, and atrbohF mutant as materials, and the stomatal aperture were analyzed. The relative water loss of pldδ, lcd, and pldδlcd was higher than that of WT. Exogenous PA and NaHS could partially alleviate the leaf wilting and yellowing phenotypes of pldδ, lcd, and pldδlcd under osmotic stress, but the mutants could not be restored to the same phenotype as WT. The fluorescence intensity of H2O2 in guard cells of pldδ, lcd, and pldδlcd was lower than that of WT, indicating that PLDδ and LCD were involved in the production of H2O2 in guard cells. Exogenous application of H2O2 to WT, pldδ, lcd, and pldδlcd significantly induced stomatal closure under osmotic stress. Exogenous NaHS induced stomatal closure of WT, but could not induce stomatal closure of atrbohD and atrbohF under osmotic stress. These results suggest that the accumulation of H2O2 was essential to induce stomatal closure under osmotic stress, and PLDδ and LCD acted upstream of H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Liu
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Ruirui Liu
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Yaping Zhou
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Guofan Wu
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Ning Yang
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
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45
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Melatonin Improves Drought Stress Tolerance of Tomato by Modulation Plant Growth, Root Architecture, Photosynthesis, and Antioxidant Defense System. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020309. [PMID: 35204192 PMCID: PMC8868175 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tomato is an important vegetable that is highly sensitive to drought (DR) stress which impairs the development of tomato seedlings. Recently, melatonin (ME) has emerged as a nontoxic, regulatory biomolecule that regulates plant growth and enhances the DR tolerance mechanism in plants. The present study was conducted to examine the defensive role of ME in photosynthesis, root architecture, and the antioxidant enzymes’ activities of tomato seedlings subjected to DR stress. Our results indicated that DR stress strongly suppressed growth and biomass production, inhibited photosynthesis, negatively affected root morphology, and reduced photosynthetic pigments in tomato seedlings. Per contra, soluble sugars, proline, and ROS (reactive oxygen species) were suggested to be improved in seedlings under DR stress. Conversely, ME (100 µM) pretreatment improved the detrimental-effect of DR by restoring chlorophyll content, root architecture, gas exchange parameters and plant growth attributes compared with DR-group only. Moreover, ME supplementation also mitigated the antioxidant enzymes [APX (ascorbate peroxidase), CAT (catalase), DHAR (dehydroascorbate reductase), GST (glutathione S-transferase), GR (glutathione reductase), MDHAR (monodehydroascorbate reductase), POD (peroxidase), and SOD (superoxide dismutase)], non-enzymatic antioxidant [AsA (ascorbate), DHA (dehydroascorbic acid), GSH (glutathione), and GSSG, (oxidized glutathione)] activities, reduced oxidative damage [EL (electrolyte leakage), H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide), MDA (malondialdehyde), and O2•− (superoxide ion)] and osmoregulation (soluble sugars and proline) of tomato seedlings, by regulating gene expression for SOD, CAT, APX, GR, POD, GST, DHAR, and MDHAR. These findings determine that ME pretreatment could efficiently improve the seedlings growth, root characteristics, leaf photosynthesis and antioxidant machinery under DR stress and thereby increasing the seedlings’ adaptability to DR stress.
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46
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Multiple Abiotic Stresses Applied Simultaneously Elicit Distinct Responses in Two Contrasting Rice Cultivars. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031739. [PMID: 35163659 PMCID: PMC8836074 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice crops are often subject to multiple abiotic stresses simultaneously in both natural and cultivated environments, resulting in yield reductions beyond those expected from single stress. We report physiological changes after a 4 day exposure to combined drought, salt and extreme temperature treatments, following a 2 day salinity pre-treatment in two rice genotypes—Nipponbare (a paddy rice) and IAC1131 (an upland landrace). Stomata closed after two days of combined stresses, causing intercellular CO2 concentrations and assimilation rates to diminish rapidly. Abscisic acid (ABA) levels increased at least five-fold but did not differ significantly between the genotypes. Tandem Mass Tag isotopic labelling quantitative proteomics revealed 6215 reproducibly identified proteins in mature leaves across the two genotypes and three time points (0, 2 and 4 days of stress). Of these, 987 were differentially expressed due to stress (cf. control plants), including 41 proteins that changed significantly in abundance in all stressed plants. Heat shock proteins, late embryogenesis abundant proteins and photosynthesis-related proteins were consistently responsive to stress in both Nipponbare and IAC1131. Remarkably, even after 2 days of stress there were almost six times fewer proteins differentially expressed in IAC1131 than Nipponbare. This contrast in the translational response to multiple stresses is consistent with the known tolerance of IAC1131 to dryland conditions.
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47
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BnA.JAZ5 Attenuates Drought Tolerance in Rapeseed through Mediation of ABA–JA Crosstalk. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8020131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress reduces water availability in plant cells and influences rapeseed yield. Currently, key genetic regulators that contribute to rapeseed response to drought remain largely unexplored, which limits breeding of drought-resistant rapeseed. In this study, we found that Brassica napus JASMONATE ZIM-DOMAIN 5 (BnA.JAZ5), one of the transcriptional repressors functioning in the jasmonate (JA) signaling pathway, was triggered by drought treatment in rapeseed, and drought-susceptibility increased in BnA.JAZ5-overexpressing rapeseed plants as compared to wild-type plants, resulting in a lower survival rate after recovery from dehydration. After recovery for 3 days, 22–40% of p35S::BnA.JAZ5 transgenic plants survived, while approximately 61% of wild-type plants survived. Additionally, seed germination of BnA.JAZ5-overexpressing rapeseed was hyposensitive to abscisic acid (ABA). The germination rate of five transgenic lines was 32~42% under 9 µM ABA treatment, while the germination rate of wild-type plants was 14%. We also found that the average stomatal density of five overexpressing lines was 371~446/mm2, which is higher than that of wild-type (232/mm2) plants under normal conditions. These results indicate that BnA.JAZ5 regulated drought response in an ABA-dependent manner, possibly by affecting stomatal density. Interestingly, methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment rescued the ABA-hyposensitive seed germination, revealing crosstalk between JAZ5-meidated JA and the ABA signaling pathway. Taken together, our results suggest that BnA.JAZ5 attenuated drought resistance through the ABA-dependent pathway, which could represent important genetic loci for drought-resistant rapeseed breeding.
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48
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Hong G, Su X, Xu K, Liu B, Wang G, Li J, Wang R, Zhu M, Li G. Salt stress downregulates 2-hydroxybutyrylation in Arabidopsis siliques. J Proteomics 2022; 250:104383. [PMID: 34562664 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2021.104383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation (Khib) is one of the newly discovered post-translational modifications (PTMs) through protein acylation. It has been reported to be widely distributed in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, and plays an important role in chromatin conformation change, gene transcription, protein subcellular localization, protein-protein interaction, signal transduction, and cellular proliferation. In this study, the Khib modification proteome of siliques from A. thaliana under salt stress (Ss) and those in the control (Cs) were compared. The results showed that Khib modification was abundant in siliques. Totally 3810 normalized Khib sites on 1254 proteins were identified, and the Khib modification showed a downregulation trend dramatically: it was down-regulated at 282 sites on 205 proteins while was up-regulated at 96 sites on 78 proteins in Ss siliques (Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD028116 and PXD026643). Among them, 13 proteins, including F4IVN6, Q9M1P5, and Q9LF33, had sites with the most significant regulation of Khib modification. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that the differentially Khib-regulated proteins mainly participated in glycolysis/gluconeogenesis and endocytosis. In particular, there were differentially117 Khib-regulated proteins that were mapped to the protein-protein interaction database. In the KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, Khib-modified proteins were enriched in several pathways related to energy metabolism, including gluconeogenesis pathway, pentose phosphate pathway, and pyruvate metabolism. Overall, our work reveals the first systematic analysis of Khib proteome in Arabidopsis siliques under salt stress, and sheds a light on the future studies on the regulatory mechanisms of Khib during the salt stress response of plants. SIGNIFICANCE: In this study, we found the Khib-modified proteins in silique under salt stress and described the enrichment of Khib-modified proteins involved in the biological processes and cellular localization. Proteins undergoing 2-hydroxyisobutylation were mainly involved in the gluconeogenesis pathway, pentose phosphate pathway, and pyruvate metabolism, suggesting that 2-hydroxyisobutylation affects the energy metabolic pathway, and thus the development of the plant. In addition, specific candidate proteins that may affect plant development under salt stress were selected. This study will provide a theoretical basis for revealing the function and mechanism of these proteins and their 2-hydroxyisobutyryl modifications during the development of silique under salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geriqiqige Hong
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xiaoyi Su
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China; CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Science, Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Guangxia Wang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Computer and Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Ruigang Wang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
| | - Mulan Zhu
- CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Science, Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201602, China.
| | - Guojing Li
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
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49
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Kumar D, Rajwanshi R, Singh P, Yusuf MA, Sarin NB. Pyramiding of γ-TMT and gly I transgenes in Brassica juncea enhances salinity and drought stress tolerance. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13618. [PMID: 35199363 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We previously generated Brassica juncea lines overexpressing either glyoxalase I (gly I) or γ-tocopherol methyltransferase (γ-TMT) involved in the glyoxalase system and tocopherol biosynthesis, respectively. These transgenic plants showed tolerance to multiple abiotic stresses. As tolerance is a complex trait that can be improved by pyramiding of several characteristics in a single genotype, we generated in this study B. juncea plants coexpressing gly I and γ-TMT by crossing the previously generated stable transgenic lines. The performance of the newly generated B. juncea lines coexpressing gly I and γ-TMT was compared with that of wild-type and the single transgenic lines under non-stressed and NaCl and mannitol stress conditions. Our results show a more robust antioxidant response of B. juncea plants coexpressing gly I and γ-TMT compared to the other lines in terms of higher chlorophyll retention, relative water content, antioxidant enzyme and proline levels, and photosynthetic efficiency and lower oxidative damage. The differences in response to the stress of the different lines were reflected in their yield parameters. Overall, we demonstrate that the pyramiding of multiple genes involved in antioxidant pathways could be a viable and useful approach for achieving higher abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kumar
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
- Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ravi Rajwanshi
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
- Discipline of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, Indira Gandhi National Open University, New Delhi, India
| | - Preeti Singh
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd Aslam Yusuf
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, India
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50
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Resentini F, Ruberti C, Grenzi M, Bonza MC, Costa A. The signatures of organellar calcium. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:1985-2004. [PMID: 33905517 PMCID: PMC8644629 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Recent insights about the transport mechanisms involved in the in and out of calcium ions in plant organelles, and their role in the regulation of cytosolic calcium homeostasis in different signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristina Ruberti
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Matteo Grenzi
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milano 20133, Italy
| | | | - Alex Costa
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milano 20133, Italy
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Milano 20133, Italy
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