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Collins JM, Keane JM, Deady C, Khashan AS, McCarthy FP, O'Keeffe GW, Clarke G, Cryan JF, Caputi V, O'Mahony SM. Prenatal stress impacts foetal neurodevelopment: Temporal windows of gestational vulnerability. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 164:105793. [PMID: 38971516 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Prenatal maternal stressors ranging in severity from everyday occurrences/hassles to the experience of traumatic events negatively impact neurodevelopment, increasing the risk for the onset of psychopathology in the offspring. Notably, the timing of prenatal stress exposure plays a critical role in determining the nature and severity of subsequent neurodevelopmental outcomes. In this review, we evaluate the empirical evidence regarding temporal windows of heightened vulnerability to prenatal stress with respect to motor, cognitive, language, and behavioural development in both human and animal studies. We also explore potential temporal windows whereby several mechanisms may mediate prenatal stress-induced neurodevelopmental effects, namely, excessive hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity, altered serotonin signalling and sympathetic-adrenal-medullary system, changes in placental function, immune system dysregulation, and alterations of the gut microbiota. While broadly defined developmental windows are apparent for specific psychopathological outcomes, inconsistencies arise when more complex cognitive and behavioural outcomes are considered. Novel approaches to track molecular markers reflective of the underlying aetiologies throughout gestation to identify tractable biomolecular signatures corresponding to critical vulnerability periods are urgently required.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Collins
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
| | - James M Keane
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Clara Deady
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Ali S Khashan
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; The Irish Centre for Maternal and Child Health Research (INFANT), Cork University Maternity Hospital, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Fergus P McCarthy
- The Irish Centre for Maternal and Child Health Research (INFANT), Cork University Maternity Hospital, Cork, Ireland; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Gerard W O'Keeffe
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; The Irish Centre for Maternal and Child Health Research (INFANT), Cork University Maternity Hospital, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Gerard Clarke
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; The Irish Centre for Maternal and Child Health Research (INFANT), Cork University Maternity Hospital, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
| | - John F Cryan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Valentina Caputi
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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2
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Zaongo SD, Harypursat V, Rashid F, Dahourou DL, Ouedraogo AS, Chen Y. Influence of HIV infection on cognition and overall intelligence in HIV-infected individuals: advances and perspectives. Front Behav Neurosci 2023; 17:1261784. [PMID: 37953826 PMCID: PMC10637382 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1261784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
It is now well understood that HIV-positive individuals, even those under effective ART, tend to develop a spectrum of cognitive, motor, and/or mood conditions which are contemporarily referred to as HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND), and which is directly related to HIV-1 infection and HIV-1 replication in the central nervous system (CNS). As HAND is known to induce difficulties associated with attention, concentration, and memory, it is thus legitimate and pertinent to speculate upon the possibility that HIV infection may well influence human cognition and intelligence. We therefore propose herein to review the concept of intelligence, the concept of cells of intelligence, the influence of HIV on these particular cells, and the evidence pointing to differences in observed intelligence quotient (IQ) scores between HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals. Additionally, cumulative research evidence continues to draw attention to the influence of the gut on human intelligence. Up to now, although it is known that HIV infection profoundly alters both the composition and diversity of the gut microbiota and the structural integrity of the gut, the influence of the gut on intelligence in the context of HIV infection remains poorly described. As such, we also provide herein a review of the different ways in which HIV may influence human intelligence via the gut-brain axis. Finally, we provide a discourse on perspectives related to HIV and human intelligence which may assist in generating more robust evidence with respect to this issue in future studies. Our aim is to provide insightful knowledge for the identification of novel areas of investigation, in order to reveal and explain some of the enigmas related to HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvere D. Zaongo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Vijay Harypursat
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Farooq Rashid
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Désiré Lucien Dahourou
- Département Biomédical/Santé Publique, Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé/CNRST, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Abdoul-Salam Ouedraogo
- Centre Muraz, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Souro Sanou University Hospital, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - Yaokai Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
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3
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Reid BM, Georgieff MK. The Interaction between Psychological Stress and Iron Status on Early-Life Neurodevelopmental Outcomes. Nutrients 2023; 15:3798. [PMID: 37686831 PMCID: PMC10490173 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This review presents evidence from animal and human studies demonstrating the possible connection and significant impact of poor iron status and psychological distress on neurocognitive development during pregnancy and the neonatal period, with implications for long-term cognition. Stress and iron deficiency are independently prevalent and thus are frequently comorbid. While iron deficiency and early-life stress independently contribute to long-term neurodevelopmental alterations, their combined effects remain underexplored. Psychological stress responses may engage similar pathways as infectious stress, which alters fundamental iron metabolism processes and cause functional tissue-level iron deficiency. Psychological stress, analogous to but to a lesser degree than infectious stress, activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis and increases proinflammatory cytokines. Chronic or severe stress is associated with dysregulated HPA axis functioning and a proinflammatory state. This dysregulation may disrupt iron absorption and utilization, likely mediated by the IL-6 activation of hepcidin, a molecule that impedes iron absorption and redistributes total body iron. This narrative review highlights suggestive studies investigating the relationship between psychological stress and iron status and outlines hypothesized mechanistic pathways connecting psychological stress exposure and iron metabolism. We examine findings regarding the overlapping impacts of early stress exposure to iron deficiency and children's neurocognitive development. We propose that studying the influence of psychological stress on iron metabolism is crucial for comprehending neurocognitive development in children exposed to prenatal and early postnatal stressors and for children at risk of early iron insufficiency. We recommend future directions for dual-exposure studies exploring iron as a potential mediating pathway between early stress and offspring neurodevelopment, offering opportunities for targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brie M. Reid
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Center for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI 02906, USA
| | - Michael K. Georgieff
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
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Oluwagbenga EM, Tetel V, Schober J, Fraley GS. Chronic Heat Stress Part 2: Increased Stress and Fear Responses in F 1 Pekin Ducks Raised from Parents That Experienced Heat Stress. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:1748. [PMID: 37889638 PMCID: PMC10251918 DOI: 10.3390/ani13111748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of HS on the welfare of poultry have been reported to have a transgenerational effect on phenotype plasticity. The goal of our experiment was to determine whether parental exposure to HS would impair the performance, HPA axis response, or behavior of their offspring. We treated adult drakes and hens (n = 80 ducks/treatment) at peak lay with HS or the control temperature for 3 weeks and incubated eggs collected from the last 3 days of the experiment. We utilized 76 ducklings/parental treatment group: control (CON-F1) and HS (HS-F1). Weekly data for body weights, body condition scores (BCSs), and novel object test (NOT) were collected. At 3 weeks of age, the ducks (n = 6/treatment) were subjected to adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH/cosyntropin, 0.0625 mg/kg) challenge or vehicle as the control. Blood samples were collected at 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 h relative to treatment for serum glucocorticoid and heterophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (HLR) analyses. All injected birds were euthanized with pentobarbital on the second day relative to ACTH administration, and the spleen and bursa were removed and weighed immediately. Duck level analyses were completed using one- or two-way ANOVA as appropriate. BCSs were analyzed using a chi-squared test. The HS-F1 ducks had a lower hatch weight (p < 0.05) compared with the CON-F1 ducks but no significant difference in growth rates during the 5-week period. NOT (n = 4) analyses showed that the HS-F1 ducks had a greater fear response (p < 0.001) compared with the CON-F1 ducks. Similarly, an ACTH stimulation test showed that the HS-F1 ducks had significantly (p < 0.05) heightened corticosterone and HLR responses compared with the CON-F1 ducks. The HS-F1 ducks showed altered baseline and ACTH-stimulated levels of cortisol compared with the controls. Our data suggest that parental exposure to HS impacts the HPA response and fearfulness of the F1 generation in Pekin ducks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gregory S. Fraley
- Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (E.M.O.); (V.T.); (J.S.)
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Sebők-Welker T, Posta E, Ágrez K, Rádosi A, Zubovics EA, Réthelyi MJ, Ulbert I, Pászthy B, Bunford N. The Association Between Prenatal Maternal Stress and Adolescent Affective Outcomes is Mediated by Childhood Maltreatment and Adolescent Behavioral Inhibition System Sensitivity. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2023:10.1007/s10578-023-01499-9. [PMID: 36738426 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-023-01499-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal maternal stress is linked to offspring outcomes; however, there is little research on adolescents, behavioral, transdiagnostic outcomes, or the mechanisms through which relations operate. We examined, in N = 268 adolescents (Mage = 15.31 years; SD = 1.063; 57.8% boys) whether prenatal maternal stress is associated with adolescent affective outcomes; whether this association is mediated, serially, by childhood home atmosphere and adolescent behavioral inhibition system (BIS) sensitivity; and whether mediational effects are moderated by adolescent attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder or maternal internalizing symptomology. Prenatal maternal daily stress and major life events were associated with adolescent outcomes through childhood negative atmosphere/neglect and BIS sensitivity, with no evidence of moderation. Results have implications regarding the effect of prenatal maternal stress on offspring outcomes and regarding corresponding sensitive periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sebők-Welker
- Developmental and Translational Neuroscience Research Group Developmental and Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Magyar Tudósok Körútja 2, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Mental Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, Balassa U. 6, Budapest, 1083, Hungary
| | - E Posta
- Developmental and Translational Neuroscience Research Group Developmental and Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Magyar Tudósok Körútja 2, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - K Ágrez
- Developmental and Translational Neuroscience Research Group Developmental and Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Magyar Tudósok Körútja 2, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - A Rádosi
- Developmental and Translational Neuroscience Research Group Developmental and Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Magyar Tudósok Körútja 2, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Mental Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, Balassa U. 6, Budapest, 1083, Hungary
| | - E A Zubovics
- Developmental and Translational Neuroscience Research Group Developmental and Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Magyar Tudósok Körútja 2, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - M J Réthelyi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Balassa U. 6, Budapest, 1083, Hungary
| | - I Ulbert
- Integrative Neuroscience Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Magyar Tudósok Körútja 2, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
- Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Práter Utca 50/A, Budapest, 1083, Hungary
| | - B Pászthy
- 1st Department of Paediatrics, Semmelweis University, Bókay János U. 53-54, Budapest, 1083, Hungary
| | - N Bunford
- Developmental and Translational Neuroscience Research Group Developmental and Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Magyar Tudósok Körútja 2, Budapest, 1117, Hungary.
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Wang Y, Liu Y, Zhao Z, Wu X, Lin J, Li Y, Yan W, Wu Y, Shi Y, Wu X, Xue Y, He J, Liu S, Zhang X, Xu H, Tang Y, Yin S. The involvement of ADAR1 in chronic unpredictable stress-induced cognitive impairment by targeting DARPP-32 with miR-874-3p in BALB/c mice. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:919297. [PMID: 37123418 PMCID: PMC10132208 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.919297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Chronic stress exposure is the main environmental factor leading to cognitive impairment, but the detailed molecular mechanism is still unclear. Adenosine Deaminase acting on double-stranded RNA1(ADAR1) is involved in the occurrence of chronic stress-induced cognitive impairment. In addition, dopamine and Adenosine 3'5'-monophosphate-regulated phospho-protein (DARPP-32) gene variation affects cognitive function. Therefore, we hypothesized that ADAR1 plays a key role in chronic stress-induced cognitive impairment by acting on DARPP-32. Methods: In this study, postnatal 21-day-old male BALB/c mice were exposed to chronic unpredictable stressors. After that, the mice were treated with ADAR1 inducer/inhibitor. The cognitive ability and cerebral DARPP-32 protein expression of BALB/c mice were evaluated. In order to explore the link between ADAR1 and DARPP-32, the effects of ADAR1 high/low expression on DARPP-32 protein expression in vitro were detected. Results: ADAR1 inducer alleviates cognitive impairment and recovers decreased DARPP-32 protein expression of the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex in BALB/c mice with chronic unpredictable stress exposure. In vivo and in vitro studies confirm the results predicted by bio-informatics; that is, ADAR1 affects DARPP-32 expression via miR-874-3p. Discussion: The results in this study demonstrate that ADAR1 affects the expression of DARPP-32 via miR-874-3p, which is involved in the molecular mechanism of pathogenesis in chronic unpredictable stress-induced cognitive impairment. The new findings of this study provide a new therapeutic strategy for the prevention and treatment of stress cognitive impairment from epigenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Wang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yingxin Liu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ziwei Zhao
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xinyu Wu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jiabin Lin
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yufei Li
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug Research and Development of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dalian, China
| | - Wei Yan
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yi Wu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yanfei Shi
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xindi Wu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ying Xue
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jiaqian He
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shuqi Liu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaonan Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hong Xu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yiyuan Tang
- College of Health Solutions, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Shengming Yin
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Shengming Yin,
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Petroni V, Subashi E, Premoli M, Memo M, Lemaire V, Pietropaolo S. Long-term behavioral effects of prenatal stress in the Fmr1-knock-out mouse model for fragile X syndrome. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:917183. [PMID: 36385949 PMCID: PMC9647640 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.917183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a major neurodevelopmental disorder and the most common monogenic cause of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). FXS is caused by a mutation in the X-linked FMR1 gene leading to the absence of the FMRP protein, inducing several behavioral deficits, including motor, emotional, cognitive, and social abnormalities. Beside its clear genetic origins, FXS can be modulated by environmental factors, e.g., stress exposure: indeed the behavioral phenotype of FXS, as well as of ASD patients can be exacerbated by the repeated experience of stressful events, especially early in life. Here we investigated the long-term effects of prenatal exposure to unpredictable chronic stress on the behavioral phenotype of the Fmr1-knock-out (KO) mouse model for FXS and ASD. Mice were tested for FXS- and ASD-relevant behaviors first at adulthood (3 months) and then at aging (18 months), in order to assess the persistence and the potential time-related progression of the stress effects. Stress induced the selective emergence of behavioral deficits in Fmr1-KO mice that were evident in spatial memory only at aging. Stress also exerted several age-specific behavioral effects in mice of both genotypes: at adulthood it enhanced anxiety levels and reduced social interaction, while at aging it enhanced locomotor activity and reduced the complexity of ultrasonic calls. Our findings underline the relevance of gene-environment interactions in mouse models of neurodevelopmental syndromes and highlight the long-term behavioral impact of prenatal stress in laboratory mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Petroni
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Enejda Subashi
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Marika Premoli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Memo
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Valerie Lemaire
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Susanna Pietropaolo
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
- *Correspondence: Susanna Pietropaolo,
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Wilkin-Krug LCM, Macaskill AC, Ellenbroek BA. Preweaning environmental enrichment alters neonatal ultrasonic vocalisations in a rat model for prenatal infections. Behav Pharmacol 2022; 33:402-417. [PMID: 35947067 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Maternal infections are a well-known risk factor for neurodevelopmental defects. Such defects are associated with a range of symptoms, and environmental enrichment (EE) could be a promising approach to rehabilitate these. We used the well-established prenatal poly I:C (polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid) model in rats to examine the effects of preweaning EE on rat pups' ultrasonic vocalisations (USVs) when separated from their mothers. USVs are one of the earliest indicators of a pup's functional level and, thus, well-suited as a marker of neurodevelopmental abnormalities. METHODS We used a two-by-two factorial design in which pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats received either saline or the viral mimic poly I:C, and one group of pups was exposed to preweaning enrichment. We measured maternal separation-induced USVs both before postnatal day (PND) 7 and after preweaning enrichment on PND 14. RESULTS Poly I:C significantly reduced the number of USVs on PND 7. EE interacted with the poly I:C treatment in that poly I:C pups in the enrichment group called more, whereas saline pups in the enriched environment called less on PND 14 than the respective controls. CONCLUSION We showed that the effects of maternal poly I:C on the offspring's USVs could be reduced by early EE. If replicated, it could open novel and safe avenues for treating children of mothers who were exposed to infections during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda C M Wilkin-Krug
- School of Psychology, Victoria University Wellington.,Behavioural Neurogenetics Group, Victoria University Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | - Bart A Ellenbroek
- School of Psychology, Victoria University Wellington.,Behavioural Neurogenetics Group, Victoria University Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
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9
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Maternal stress induced anxiety-like behavior exacerbated by electromagnetic fields radiation in female rats offspring. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273206. [PMID: 35998127 PMCID: PMC9397925 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a disagreement on whether extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) have a beneficial or harmful effect on anxiety-like behavior. Prenatal stress induces frequent disturbances in offspring physiology such as anxiety-like behavior extending to adulthood. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of prenatal stress and ELF-EMF exposure before and during pregnancy on anxiety-like behavior and some anxiety-related pathways in the hippocampus of female rat offspring. A total of 24 female rats 40 days of age were distributed into four groups of 6 rats each: control, Stress (rats whose mothers underwent chronic stress), EMF (rats whose mothers were exposed to electromagnetic fields) and EMF/S (rats whose mothers were simultaneously exposed to chronic stress and ELF-EMF). The rats were given elevated plus-maze and open field tests and then their brains were dissected and their hippocampus were subjected to analysis. ELISA was used to measure 24(S)-hydroxy cholesterol, corticosterone, and serotonin levels. Cryptochrome2, steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, 3B-Hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 2(NMDAr2) and phosphorylated N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 2(PNMDAr2) were assayed by immunoblotting. Anxiety-like behavior increased in all treatment groups at the same time EMF increased anxiety induced by maternal stress in the EMF/S group. The stress group showed decreased serotonin and increased corticosterone levels. ELF-EMF elevated the PNMDAr2/NMDAr2 ratio and 24(S)-hydroxy cholesterol compared to the control group but did not change corticosterone. EMF did not restore changes induced by stress in behavioral and molecular tests. The results of the current study, clarified that ELF-EMF can induce anxiety-like behavior which may be attributed to an increase in the PNMDAr2/NMDAr2 ratio and 24(S)-OHC in the hippocampus, and prenatal stress may contribute to anxiety via a decrease in serotonin and an increase in corticosterone in the hippocampus. We also found that anxiety-like behavior induced by maternal stress exposure, is exacerbated by electromagnetic fields radiation.
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10
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Nazzari S, Fearon P, Rice F, Molteni M, Frigerio A. Maternal caregiving moderates the impact of antenatal maternal cortisol on infant stress regulation. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2022; 63:871-880. [PMID: 34787327 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence suggests that antenatal exposure to maternal stress signals affects the development of the infant stress response systems. Animal studies indicate that maternal sensitive caregiving can reverse some of these effects. However, the generalizability of these findings to humans is unknown. This study investigated the role of maternal caregiving in the association between multiple markers of maternal antenatal stress and infant stress regulation. METHODS The sample consisted of 94 mother-infant (N = 47 males, mean postnatal weeks = 12; SD = 1.84) dyads. Maternal levels of Interleukin-6, C-Reactive Protein (CRP), diurnal cortisol and alpha amylase, depressive and anxiety symptoms were assessed in late pregnancy (mean gestational age = 34.76; SD = 1.12), whereas postnatal symptomatology, caregiving, and infant cortisol response to the inoculation were evaluated at 3 months. RESULTS Hierarchical linear models (HLMs) showed a significant interaction between maternal antenatal cortisol, caregiving, and time on infant cortisol reactivity, while controlling for gender, maternal age, and postnatal depression. Specifically, higher levels of maternal antenatal cortisol were associated with greater cortisol response only among infants of less emotionally available mothers. All other markers of antenatal stress were not significantly associated with infant cortisol reactivity either independently or in interaction with maternal caregiving. CONCLUSIONS Albeit preliminary, results provide the first evidence in humans that maternal sensitive caregiving may eliminate the association between antenatal maternal cortisol and infant cortisol regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Nazzari
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Lecco, Italy
| | - Pasco Fearon
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Frances Rice
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Massimo Molteni
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Lecco, Italy
| | - Alessandra Frigerio
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Lecco, Italy
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11
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de Rooij SR. Are Brain and Cognitive Reserve Shaped by Early Life Circumstances? Front Neurosci 2022; 16:825811. [PMID: 35784851 PMCID: PMC9243389 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.825811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
When growing older, many people are faced with cognitive deterioration, which may even amount to a form of dementia at some point in time. Although neuropathological signs of dementia disorders can often be demonstrated in brains of patients, the degree to which clinical symptoms are present does mostly not accurately reflect the amount of neuropathology that is present. Sometimes existent pathology even goes without any obvious clinical presentation. An explanation for this phenomenon may be found in the concept of reserve capacity. Reserve capacity refers to the ability of the brain to effectively buffer changes that are associated with normal aging processes and to cope with pathological damage. A larger reserve capacity has been suggested to increase resilience against age-associated cognitive deterioration and dementia disorders. Traditionally, a division has been made between brain reserve, which is based on morphological characteristics of the brain, and cognitive reserve, which is based on functional characteristics of the brain. The present review discusses the premises that brain and cognitive reserve capacity are shaped by prenatal and early postnatal factors. Evidence is accumulating that circumstances during the first 1,000 days of life are of the utmost importance for the lifelong health of an individual. Cognitive deterioration and dementia disorders may also have their origin in early life and a potentially important pathway by which the early environment affects the risk for neurodegenerative diseases is by developmental programming of the reserve capacity of the brain. The basic idea behind developmental programming of brain and cognitive reserve is explained and an overview of studies that support this idea is presented. The review is concluded by a discussion of potential mechanisms, synthesis of the evidence and relevance and future directions in the field of developmental origins of reserve capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne R. de Rooij
- Epidemiology and Data Science, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Aging and Later Life, Health Behaviors and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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12
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Effects of early life adversities upon memory processes and cognition in rodent models. Neuroscience 2022; 497:282-307. [PMID: 35525496 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to stressors in early postnatal life induces long-lasting modifications in brainfunction.Thisplasticity,an essential characteristic of the brain that enables adaptation to the environment, may also induce impairments in some psychophysiological functions, including learning and memory. Early life stress (ELS) has long-term effects on thehypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axisresponse to stressors, and has been reported to lead toneuroinflammation,altered levelsof neurotrophic factors, modifications inneurogenesis andsynaptic plasticity,with changes in neurotransmitter systems and network functioning. In this review, we focus on early postnatal stress in animal models and their effects on learning and memory.Many studies have reported ELS-induced impairments in different types of memories, including spatial memory, fear memory, recognition (both for objects and social) memory, working memory and reversal learning. Studies are not always in agreement, however, no effects, or sometimes facilitation, being reported, depending on the nature and intensity of the early intervention, as well as the age when the outcome was evaluated and the sex of the animals. When considering processes occurring after consolidation, related with memory maintenance or modification, there are a very reduced number of reports. Future studies addressing the mechanisms underlying memory changes for ELS should shed some light on the understanding of the different effects induced by stressors of different types and intensities on cognitive functions.
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13
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Musillo C, Berry A, Cirulli F. Prenatal psychological or metabolic stress increases the risk for psychiatric disorders: the "funnel effect" model. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 136:104624. [PMID: 35304226 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Adverse stressful experiences in utero can redirect fetal brain development, ultimately leading to increased risk for psychiatric disorders. Obesity during pregnancy can have similar effects as maternal stress, affecting mental health in the offspring. In order to explain how similar outcomes may originate from different prenatal conditions, we propose a "funnel effect" model whereby maternal psychological or metabolic stress triggers the same evolutionarily conserved response pathways, increasing vulnerability for psychopathology. In this context, the placenta, which is the main mother-fetus interface, appears to facilitate such convergence, re-directing "stress" signals to the fetus. Characterizing converging pathways activated by different adverse environmental conditions is fundamental to assess the emergence of risk signatures of major psychiatric disorders, which might enable preventive measures in risk populations, and open up new diagnostics, and potentially therapeutic approaches for disease prevention and health promotion already during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Musillo
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; PhD Program in Behavioral Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Berry
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Francesca Cirulli
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
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14
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Hernández-González M, Maldonado R, Hernández-Arteaga E, Guevara MA. Prenatally stress-exposed male rats present lower theta prefrontal activity during attention behaviors to receptive females. Stress 2021; 24:978-986. [PMID: 34525897 DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2021.1976140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Prenatal stress affects brain functionality and sexual behavior. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) participates in the integration and processing of sexual stimuli. Electroencephalographic (EEG) theta activity has been associated with attention as well as rewarding and sexually motivated states. Considering that the induction of sexual motivation requires attention to, and the adequate processing of, sexual stimuli, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of exposure to stress during the prenatal period on EEG activity in the mPFC during nose pokes in adulthood, actions which are indicators of attention to a receptive female. Eighteen sexually experienced male rats were used, nine stressed prenatally by immobilization during days 14-21 of gestation (stress-exposed group). The other nine formed the control group. All rats were implanted bilaterally in the mPFC (specifically in prelimbic areas) and were allowed one intromission with a receptive female to induce a sexually motivated state before the experimental session. During this session, both nose pokes and non-contact erections in the male rats were evaluated in the presence of an inaccessible receptive female. EEGs were recorded only during nose pokes. The stress-exposed group presented lower nose poke duration, fewer non-contact erections, and lower relative power of the theta band (4-7 Hz) in both prefrontal areas. Considering that the prevalence of this band is associated with attention and motivational processes, these data confirm the deleterious effect of prenatal stress on attention and sexual activation to sexually relevant stimuli in male rats during adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rodrigo Maldonado
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
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15
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Kotah JM, Hoeijmakers L, Nutma E, Lucassen PJ, Korosi A. Early-life stress does not alter spatial memory performance, hippocampal neurogenesis, neuroinflammation, or telomere length in 20-month-old male mice. Neurobiol Stress 2021; 15:100379. [PMID: 34430678 PMCID: PMC8369064 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2021.100379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Early-life stress (ES) increases the risk for psychopathology and cognitive decline later in life. Because the neurobiological substrates affected by ES (i.e., cognition, neuroplasticity, and neuroinflammation) are also altered in aging, we set out to investigate if and how ES in the first week of life affects these domains at an advanced age, and how ES modulates the aging trajectory per se. We subjected C57BL/6j mice to an established ES mouse model from postnatal days 2–9. Mice underwent behavioral testing at 19 months of age and were sacrificed at 20 months to investigate their physiology, hippocampal neuroplasticity, neuroinflammation, and telomere length. ES mice, as a group, did not perform differently from controls in the open field or Morris water maze (MWM). Hippocampal neurogenesis and synaptic marker gene expression were not different in ES mice at this age. While we find aging-associated alterations to neuroinflammatory gene expression and telomere length, these were unaffected by ES. When integrating the current data with those from our previously reported 4- and 10-month-old cohorts, we conclude that ES leads to a ‘premature’ shift in the aging trajectory, consisting of early changes that do not further worsen at the advanced age of 20 months. This could be explained e.g. by a ‘floor’ effect in ES-induced impairments, and/or age-induced impairments in control mice. Future studies should help understand how exactly ES affects the overall aging trajectory. Early-life stress (ES) exposure does not worsen water maze learning in aged male mice. ES does not affect brain plasticity markers at 20 months of age. Hippocampal telomere length is reduced by aging but unaffected by ES. ES leads to a premature aging trajectory that does not worsen with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janssen M Kotah
- Brain Plasticity Group, Center for Neuroscience, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lianne Hoeijmakers
- Brain Plasticity Group, Center for Neuroscience, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Erik Nutma
- Brain Plasticity Group, Center for Neuroscience, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Paul J Lucassen
- Brain Plasticity Group, Center for Neuroscience, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Aniko Korosi
- Brain Plasticity Group, Center for Neuroscience, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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16
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Lambert CT, Guillette LM. The impact of environmental and social factors on learning abilities: a meta-analysis. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2021; 96:2871-2889. [PMID: 34342125 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Since the 1950s, researchers have examined how differences in the social and asocial environment affect learning in rats, mice, and, more recently, a variety of other species. Despite this large body of research, little has been done to synthesize these findings and to examine if social and asocial environmental factors have consistent effects on cognitive abilities, and if so, what aspects of these factors have greater or lesser impact. Here, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis examining how different external environmental features, including the social environment, impact learning (both speed of acquisition and performance). Using 531 mean-differences from 176 published articles across 27 species (with studies on rats and mice being most prominent) we conducted phylogenetically corrected mixed-effects models that reveal: (i) an average absolute effect size |d| = 0.55 and directional effect size d = 0.34; (ii) interventions manipulating the asocial environment result in larger effects than social interventions alone; and (iii) the length of the intervention is a significant predictor of effect size, with longer interventions resulting in larger effects. Additionally, much of the variation in effect size remained unexplained, possibly suggesting that species differ widely in how they are affected by environmental interventions due to varying ecological and evolutionary histories. Overall our results suggest that social and asocial environmental factors do significantly affect learning, but these effects are highly variable and perhaps not always as predicted. Most notably, the type (social or asocial) and length of interventions are important in determining the strength of the effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor T Lambert
- Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, P217 Biological Sciences Building, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Lauren M Guillette
- Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, P217 Biological Sciences Building, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R3, Canada
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17
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Maternal stress programs a demasculinization of glutamatergic transmission in stress-related brain regions of aged rats. GeroScience 2021; 44:1047-1069. [PMID: 33983623 PMCID: PMC8116647 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00375-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain aging may be programmed by early-life stress. Aging affects males and females differently, but how perinatal stress (PRS) affects brain aging between sexes is unknown. We showed behavioral and neurobiological sex differences in non-stressed control rats that were strongly reduced or inverted in PRS rats. In particular, PRS decreased risk-taking behavior, spatial memory, exploratory behavior, and fine motor behavior in male aged rats. In contrast, female aged PRS rats displayed only increased risk-taking behavior and reduced exploratory behavior. PRS induced large reductions in the expression of glutamate receptors in the ventral and dorsal hippocampus and prefrontal cortex only in male rats. PRS also reduced the expression of synaptic vesicle-associated proteins, glucocorticoid receptors (GR), and mineralocorticoid receptors (MR) in the ventral hippocampus of aged male rats. In contrast, in female aged rats, PRS enhanced the expression of MRs and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the ventral hippocampus and the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and BDNF in the prefrontal cortex. A common PRS effect in both sexes was a reduction in exploratory behavior and metabotropic glutamate (mGlu2/3) receptors in the ventral hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. A multidimensional analysis revealed that PRS induced a demasculinization profile in glutamate-related proteins in the ventral and dorsal hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, as well as a demasculinization profile of stress markers only in the dorsal hippocampus. In contrast, defeminization was observed only in the ventral hippocampus. Measurements of testosterone and 17-β-estradiol in the plasma and aromatase in the dorsal hippocampus were consistent with a demasculinizing action of PRS. These findings confirm that the brains of males and females differentially respond to PRS and aging suggesting that females might be more protected against early stress and age-related inflammation and neurodegeneration. Taken together, these results may contribute to understanding how early environmental factors shape vulnerability to brain aging in both sexes and may lay the groundwork for future studies aimed at identifying new treatment strategies to improve the quality of life of older individuals, which is of particular interest given that there is a high growth of aging in populations around the world.
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18
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McQuail JA, Dunn AR, Stern Y, Barnes CA, Kempermann G, Rapp PR, Kaczorowski CC, Foster TC. Cognitive Reserve in Model Systems for Mechanistic Discovery: The Importance of Longitudinal Studies. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 12:607685. [PMID: 33551788 PMCID: PMC7859530 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.607685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this review article is to provide a resource for longitudinal studies, using animal models, directed at understanding and modifying the relationship between cognition and brain structure and function throughout life. We propose that forthcoming longitudinal studies will build upon a wealth of knowledge gleaned from prior cross-sectional designs to identify early predictors of variability in cognitive function during aging, and characterize fundamental neurobiological mechanisms that underlie the vulnerability to, and the trajectory of, cognitive decline. Finally, we present examples of biological measures that may differentiate mechanisms of the cognitive reserve at the molecular, cellular, and network level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A McQuail
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Amy R Dunn
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
| | - Yaakov Stern
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Carol A Barnes
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.,Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Gerd Kempermann
- CRTD-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Helmholtz Association of German Research Centers (HZ), Dresden, Germany
| | - Peter R Rapp
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Neurocognitive Aging Section, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | | | - Thomas C Foster
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.,Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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19
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Marrocco J, Verhaeghe R, Bucci D, Di Menna L, Traficante A, Bouwalerh H, Van Camp G, Ghiglieri V, Picconi B, Calabresi P, Ravasi L, Cisani F, Bagheri F, Pittaluga A, Bruno V, Battaglia G, Morley-Fletcher S, Nicoletti F, Maccari S. Maternal stress programs accelerated aging of the basal ganglia motor system in offspring. Neurobiol Stress 2020; 13:100265. [PMID: 33344718 PMCID: PMC7739146 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2020.100265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Early-life stress involved in the programming of stress-related illnesses can have a toxic influence on the functioning of the nigrostriatal motor system during aging. We examined the effects of perinatal stress (PRS) on the neurochemical, electrophysiological, histological, neuroimaging, and behavioral correlates of striatal motor function in adult (4 months of age) and old (21 months of age) male rats. Adult PRS offspring rats showed reduced dopamine (DA) release in the striatum associated with reductions in tyrosine hydroxylase-positive (TH+) cells and DA transporter (DAT) levels, with no loss of striatal dopaminergic terminals as assessed by positron emission tomography analysis with fluorine-18-l-dihydroxyphenylalanine. Striatal levels of DA and its metabolites were increased in PRS rats. In contrast, D2 DA receptor signaling was reduced and A2A adenosine receptor signaling was increased in the striatum of adult PRS rats. This indicated enhanced activity of the indirect pathway of the basal ganglia motor circuit. Adult PRS rats also showed poorer performance in the grip strength test and motor learning tasks. The aged PRS rats also showed a persistent reduction in striatal DA release and defective motor skills in the pasta matrix and ladder rung walking tests. In addition, the old rats showed large increases in the levels of SNAP-25 and synaptophysin, which are synaptic vesicle-related proteins in the striatum, and in the PRS group only, reductions in Syntaxin-1 and Rab3a protein levels were observed. Our findings indicated that the age-dependent threshold for motor dysfunction was lowered in PRS rats. This area of research is underdeveloped, and our study suggests that early-life stress can contribute to an increased understanding of how aging diseases are programmed in early-life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Marrocco
- Harold and Margaret Milliken Hatch Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, The Rockefeller University, 10065, NY, USA
| | - Remy Verhaeghe
- IRCCS Neuromed, Località Camerelle, 86077, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Domenico Bucci
- IRCCS Neuromed, Località Camerelle, 86077, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Luisa Di Menna
- IRCCS Neuromed, Località Camerelle, 86077, Pozzilli, Italy
| | | | - Hammou Bouwalerh
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000, Lille, France.,International Associated Laboratory (LIA) "Perinatal Stress and Neurodegenerative Diseases": University of Lille - CNRS, UMR 8576, Sapienza University of Rome and IRCCS Neuromed, Italy
| | - Gilles Van Camp
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000, Lille, France.,International Associated Laboratory (LIA) "Perinatal Stress and Neurodegenerative Diseases": University of Lille - CNRS, UMR 8576, Sapienza University of Rome and IRCCS Neuromed, Italy
| | - Veronica Ghiglieri
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Laboratory of Neurophysiology, via del Fosso di Fiorano, 64, 00143, Rome, Italy.,Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - Barbara Picconi
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurophysiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Calabresi
- Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Piazzale Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Ravasi
- EA1046, IMPRT-IFR114, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lille, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Francesca Cisani
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000, Lille, France.,Dept. of Pharmacology, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Excellence for Biochemical Research (CEBR), University of Genova, Italy
| | - Farzaneh Bagheri
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000, Lille, France.,School of Biology, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Anna Pittaluga
- Dept. of Pharmacology, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Excellence for Biochemical Research (CEBR), University of Genova, Italy.,IRCCS San Martino Hospital Genova Italy, Italy
| | - Valeria Bruno
- IRCCS Neuromed, Località Camerelle, 86077, Pozzilli, Italy.,Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", University Sapienza of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Battaglia
- IRCCS Neuromed, Località Camerelle, 86077, Pozzilli, Italy.,Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", University Sapienza of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Morley-Fletcher
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000, Lille, France.,International Associated Laboratory (LIA) "Perinatal Stress and Neurodegenerative Diseases": University of Lille - CNRS, UMR 8576, Sapienza University of Rome and IRCCS Neuromed, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- IRCCS Neuromed, Località Camerelle, 86077, Pozzilli, Italy.,Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", University Sapienza of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Maccari
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000, Lille, France.,Science and Medical - Surgical Biotechnology, University Sapienza of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
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20
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Khambadkone SG, Cordner ZA, Tamashiro KLK. Maternal stressors and the developmental origins of neuropsychiatric risk. Front Neuroendocrinol 2020; 57:100834. [PMID: 32084515 PMCID: PMC7243665 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2020.100834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The maternal environment during pregnancy is critical for fetal development and perinatal perturbations can prime offspring disease risk. Here, we briefly review evidence linking two well-characterized maternal stressors - psychosocial stress and infection - to increased neuropsychiatric risk in offspring. In the current climate of increasing obesity and globalization of the Western-style diet, maternal overnutrition emerges as a pressing public health concern. We focus our attention on recent epidemiological and animal model evidence showing that, like psychosocial stress and infection, maternal overnutrition can also increase offspring neuropsychiatric risk. Using lessons learned from the psychosocial stress and infection literature, we discuss how altered maternal and placental physiology in the setting of overnutrition may contribute to abnormal fetal development and resulting neuropsychiatric outcomes. A better understanding of converging pathophysiological pathways shared between stressors may enable development of interventions against neuropsychiatric illnesses that may be beneficial across stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seva G Khambadkone
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Cellular & Molecular Medicine Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Zachary A Cordner
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Kellie L K Tamashiro
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Cellular & Molecular Medicine Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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21
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Higuchi M. Maternal stress suppresses cell proliferation in the forebrain of zebrafish larvae. Genes Cells 2020; 25:350-357. [PMID: 32078200 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to early life stress (ELS) can increase vulnerability to various psychiatric disorders. Although ELS has been shown to alter structure and functions of the hippocampus, amygdala and prefrontal cortex in the adult mammalian brain, it remains largely unclear whether ELS also affects embryonic or early-stage brain development. In this study, I investigated the effects of a maternal stress (maternal starvation for 4 days) of adult zebrafish on offspring's larval brain development. Although maternal starvation did not largely affect proliferation rate in the midbrain and hindbrain, it significantly decreased that in the forebrain of larvae at 5 days post-fertilization (dpf). I also found that embryos at 10 hr post-fertilization (hpf) born from a starved mother showed elevated cortisol levels compared to those born from a control mother. Furthermore, cortisol treatment was sufficient to decrease proliferating cells in the forebrain of 5 dpf larvae. Our findings thus demonstrate for the first time that maternal starvation induces neurodevelopmental changes in the forebrain of zebrafish larvae and points to a possible role of maternal cortisol in mediating this effect of maternal stress to offsprings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiko Higuchi
- Department of Life Science, Rikkyo University, Tokyo, Japan
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22
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Febo M, Rani A, Yegla B, Barter J, Kumar A, Wolff CA, Esser K, Foster TC. Longitudinal Characterization and Biomarkers of Age and Sex Differences in the Decline of Spatial Memory. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:34. [PMID: 32153384 PMCID: PMC7044155 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The current longitudinal study examined factors (sex, physical function, response to novelty, ability to adapt to a shift in light/dark cycle, brain connectivity), which might predict the emergence of impaired memory during aging. Male and female Fisher 344 rats were tested at 6, 12, and 18 months of age. Impaired spatial memory developed in middle-age (12 months), particularly in males, and the propensity for impairment increased with advanced age. A reduced response to novelty was observed over the course of aging, which is inconsistent with cross-sectional studies. This divergence likely resulted from differences in the history of environmental enrichment/impoverishment for cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. Animals that exhibited lower level exploration of the inner region on the open field test exhibited better memory at 12 months. Furthermore, males that exhibited a longer latency to enter a novel environment at 6 months, exhibited better memory at 12 months. For females, memory at 12 months was correlated with the ability to behaviorally adapt to a shift in light/dark cycle. Functional magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, conducted at 12 months, indicated that the decline in memory was associated with altered functional connectivity within different memory systems, most notably between the hippocampus and multiple regions such as the retrosplenial cortex, thalamus, striatum, and amygdala. Overall, some factors, specifically response to novelty at an early age and the capacity to adapt to shifts in light cycle, predicted spatial memory in middle-age, and spatial memory is associated with corresponding changes in brain connectivity. We discuss similarities and differences related to previous longitudinal and cross-sectional studies, as well as the role of sex differences in providing a theoretical framework to guide future longitudinal research on the trajectory of cognitive decline. In addition to demonstrating the power of longitudinal studies, these data highlight the importance of middle-age for identifying potential predictive indicators of sexual dimorphism in the trajectory in brain and cognitive aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Febo
- Department of Psychiatry, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Asha Rani
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Brittney Yegla
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Jolie Barter
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Christopher A Wolff
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Myology Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Karyn Esser
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Myology Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Thomas C Foster
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.,Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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23
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Rostami F, Javan M, Moghimi A, Haddad-Mashadrizeh A, Fereidoni M. Prenatal stress promotes icv-STZ-induced sporadic Alzheimer's pathology through central insulin signaling change. Life Sci 2019; 241:117154. [PMID: 31857087 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM Insulin resistance and neuroinflammation play roles in Alzheimer's (AD) etiology. Insulin receptors (IR) are developmentally expressed in neurons as well as astrocytes. Moreover, prolonged stress can induce brain insulin resistance and astrogliosis. Also, prenatal stress could advance AD-related abnormalities in a transgenic model of AD. Besides, postnatal maternal care (PMC) has antagonistic effects on prenatal stress (PS)-induced neuronal and immunological malfunctions. Using an icv-STZ subclinical model of sAD, we assessed PS and/or abnormal PMC impacts on advancing sAD-like pathology in adult male rats. We also sought astrocyte- and/or neuron-oriented change in central insulin programming. MAIN METHODS Pregnant rats were exposed to PS. Thereafter, a group of pups was fostered onto unstressed mothers and the others remained intact. Real-time RT-PCR- for hippocampal IR, Tau, and ChAT transcripts- and immunohistochemistry analysis- for GFAP+ astrocytes- were performed at the first- and forth-postnatal-week, respectively. The other animals received icv-STZ0.5 mg/kg in adulthood and subjected to cognitive tests, molecular, and histological experiments at appropriate time-point post-injection. KEY FINDINGS PS could advance sAD-related symptoms in icv-STZ-treated animals. PS changed expression levels of hippocampal IR in one-week-old and 5.5-month-old offspring. PS could worsen cognitive, molecular and histological impairments of icv-STZ. Adequate PMC prevented some destructive effects of PS. SIGNIFICANCE PS can potentially change central insulin programming and induce long-lasting astrogliosis in rat hippocampus. PS-related cognitive and histological pathologies can rescue by PMC probably via IR-dependent pathways. Astrocyte involvement in AD-like neuropathology observed in stressed-animals needs more detailed investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Rostami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Moghimi
- Rayan Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Aliakbar Haddad-Mashadrizeh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran; Cell and Molecular Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Masoud Fereidoni
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran; Rayan Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
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24
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McQuaid GA, Darcey VL, Avalos MF, Fishbein DH, VanMeter JW. Altered cortical structure and psychiatric symptom risk in adolescents exposed to maternal stress in utero: A retrospective investigation. Behav Brain Res 2019; 375:112145. [PMID: 31400378 PMCID: PMC10561894 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Maternal exposure to stress during pregnancy is associated with increased risk for cognitive and behavioral sequelae in offspring. Animal research demonstrates exposure to stress during gestation has effects on brain structure. In humans, however, little is known about the enduring effects of in utero exposure to maternal stress on brain morphology. We examine whether maternal report of stressful events during pregnancy is associated with brain structure and behavior in adolescents. We compare gray matter morphometry of typically-developing early adolescents (11-14 years of age, mean 12.7) at a single timepoint, based on presence/absence of retrospectively-assessed maternal report of negative major life event stress (MLES) during pregnancy: prenatal stress (PS; n = 28), comparison group (CG; n = 55). The Drug Use Screening Inventory Revised (DUSI-R) assessed adolescent risk for problematic behaviors. Exclusionary criteria included pre-term birth, low birth weight, and maternal substance use during pregnancy. Groups were equivalent for demographic (age, sex, IQ, SES, race/ethnicity), and birth measures (weight, length). Compared to CG peers, adolescents in the PS group exhibited increased gray matter density in bilateral posterior parietal cortex (PPC): bilateral intraparietal sulcus, left superior parietal lobule and inferior parietal lobule. Additionally, the PS group displayed greater risk for psychiatric symptoms and family system dysfunction, as assessed via DUSI-R subscales. These preliminary findings suggest that prenatal exposure to maternal MLES may exact enduring associations on offspring brain morphology and psychiatric risk, highlighting the importance of capturing these data in prospective longitudinal research studies (beginning at birth) to elucidate these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goldie A McQuaid
- Center for Functional and Molecular Imaging, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3900 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC, 20057, USA.
| | - Valerie L Darcey
- Center for Functional and Molecular Imaging, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3900 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC, 20057, USA; Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Georgetown University, 3900 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Melissa F Avalos
- Center for Functional and Molecular Imaging, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3900 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Diana H Fishbein
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, 218 HHD Building, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - John W VanMeter
- Center for Functional and Molecular Imaging, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3900 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
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25
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Wassink L, Bussy U, Li W, Scribner K. High-stress rearing temperature in Acipenser fulvescens affects physiology, behaviour and predation rates. Anim Behav 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2019.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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26
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Bonhomme D, Alfos S, Webster SP, Wolff M, Pallet V, Touyarot K. Vitamin A deficiency impairs contextual fear memory in rats: Abnormalities in the glucocorticoid pathway. J Neuroendocrinol 2019; 31:e12802. [PMID: 31613407 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin A and its active metabolite, retinoic acid (RA), play a key role in the maintenance of cognitive functions in the adult brain. Depletion of RA using the vitamin A deficiency (VAD) model in Wistar rats leads to spatial memory deficits in relation to elevated intrahippocampal basal corticosterone (CORT) levels and increased hippocampal 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) activity. All of these effects are normalised by vitamin A supplementation. However, it is unknown whether vitamin A status also modulates contextual fear conditioning (CFC) in a glucocorticoid-associated fear memory task dependent on the functional integrity of the hippocampus. In the present study, we investigated the impact of VAD and vitamin A supplementation in adult male rats on fear memory processing, plasma CORT levels, hippocampal retinoid receptors and 11β-HSD1 expression following a novelty-induced stress. We also examined whether vitamin A supplementation or a single injection of UE2316, a selective 11β-HSD1 inhibitor, known to modulate local glucocorticoid levels, had any beneficial effects on contextual fear memory and biochemical parameters in VAD rats. We provide evidence that VAD rats exhibit a decreased fear conditioning response during training with a poor contextual fear memory 24 hours later. These VAD-induced cognitive impairments are associated with elevated plasma CORT levels under basal conditions, as well as following a stressful event, with saturated CORT release, altered hippocampal retinoid receptors and 11β-HSD1 expression. Vitamin A supplementation normalises VAD-induced fear conditioning training deficits and all biochemical effects, although it cannot prevent fear memory deficits. Moreover, a single injection of UE2316 not only impairs contextual fear memory, but also reduces plasma CORT levels, regardless of the vitamin A status and decreases slightly hippocampal 11β-HSD1 activity in VAD rats following stress. The present study highlights the importance of vitamin A status with respect to modulating fear memory conditioning in relation to plasma CORT levels and hippocampal 11β-HSD1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Bonhomme
- UMR 1286, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Bordeaux, France
| | - Serge Alfos
- UMR 1286, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Bordeaux, France
- Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux INP, Bordeaux, France
| | - Scott P Webster
- The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mathieu Wolff
- UMR 5287, CNRS, INCIA, Bordeaux, France
- UMR 5287, INCIA, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Véronique Pallet
- UMR 1286, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Bordeaux, France
- Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux INP, Bordeaux, France
| | - Katia Touyarot
- UMR 1286, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Bordeaux, France
- Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux INP, Bordeaux, France
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27
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Doreste-Mendez R, Ríos-Ruiz EJ, Rivera-López LL, Gutierrez A, Torres-Reveron A. Effects of Environmental Enrichment in Maternally Separated Rats: Age and Sex-Specific Outcomes. Front Behav Neurosci 2019; 13:198. [PMID: 31555107 PMCID: PMC6727005 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal separation (MS) early in life is related to an increase in anxiety and depressive-like behaviors and neurobiological alterations mostly related to alterations in hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis reactivity. Environmental enrichment (EE) has been used to ameliorate the effects of MS. However, the outcomes of this intervention at different developmental periods after MS have not been studied. We subjected male and female Sprague–Dawley pups to MS and subsequently compared the effects of EE started either in the pre-pubertal period [postnatal day (PND) 22] or adulthood (PND 78). Anxiety and depressive-like behaviors as well as in hippocampal synaptic density and basal corticosterone, oxytocin, and vasopressin levels were measured. Our results support the beneficial effects of adulthood EE in decreasing anxiety in males as well as promoting synaptic density in ventral hippocampal CA3. Males displayed higher levels of vasopressin while females displayed higher oxytocin, with no changes in basal corticosterone for any group after EE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raura Doreste-Mendez
- Department of Basic Sciences, Physiology and Pharmacology, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, United States.,School of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, United States
| | - Efraín J Ríos-Ruiz
- School of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, United States.,Institute of Translational Research in Behavioral Sciences, University of Puerto Rico-Ponce Campus, Ponce, PR, United States
| | - Leslie L Rivera-López
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Edinburg, TX, United States
| | - Alfredo Gutierrez
- Department of Community Health, School of Arts and Sciences, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States
| | - Annelyn Torres-Reveron
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Edinburg, TX, United States.,Department of Human Genetics, University of Texas at Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Edinburg, TX, United States
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28
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Morley-Fletcher S, Mairesse J, Van Camp G, Reynaert ML, Gatta E, Marrocco J, Bouwalerh H, Nicoletti F, Maccari S. Perinatal Stress Programs Sex Differences in the Behavioral and Molecular Chronobiological Profile of Rats Maintained Under a 12-h Light-Dark Cycle. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:89. [PMID: 31118884 PMCID: PMC6504690 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress and the circadian systems play a major role in an organism's adaptation to environmental changes. The adaptive value of the stress system is reactive while that of the circadian system is predictive. Dysfunctions in these two systems may account for many clinically relevant disorders. Despite the evidence that interindividual differences in stress sensitivity and in the functioning of the circadian system are related, there is limited integrated research on these topics. Moreover, sex differences in these systems are poorly investigated. We used the perinatal stress (PRS) rat model, a well-characterized model of maladaptive programming of reactive and predictive adaptation, to monitor the running wheel behavior in male and female adult PRS rats, under a normal light/dark cycle as well as in response to a chronobiological stressor (6-h phase advance/shift). We then analyzed across different time points the expression of genes involved in circadian clocks, stress response, signaling, and glucose metabolism regulation in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). In the unstressed control group, we found a sex-specific profile that was either enhanced or inverted by PRS. Also, PRS disrupted circadian wheel-running behavior by inducing a phase advance in the activity of males and hypoactivity in females and increased vulnerability to chronobiological stress in both sexes. We also observed oscillations of several genes in the SCN of the unstressed group in both sexes. PRS affected males to greater extent than females, with PRS males displaying a pattern similar to unstressed females. Altogether, our findings provide evidence for a specific profile of dysmasculinization induced by PRS at the behavioral and molecular level, thus advocating the necessity to include sex as a biological variable to study the set-up of circadian system in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Morley-Fletcher
- UMR 8576, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Campus Cité Scientifique, CNRS, University of Lille, Lille, France.,University Lille - CNRS-UMR 8576, International Associated Laboratory (LIA) "Prenatal Stress and Neurodegenerative Diseases," Sapienza University of Rome - IRCCS Neuromed, Rome, Italy
| | - Jerome Mairesse
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gilles Van Camp
- UMR 8576, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Campus Cité Scientifique, CNRS, University of Lille, Lille, France.,University Lille - CNRS-UMR 8576, International Associated Laboratory (LIA) "Prenatal Stress and Neurodegenerative Diseases," Sapienza University of Rome - IRCCS Neuromed, Rome, Italy
| | - Marie-Line Reynaert
- UMR 8576, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Campus Cité Scientifique, CNRS, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Eleonora Gatta
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Psychiatric Institute, Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jordan Marrocco
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Hammou Bouwalerh
- UMR 8576, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Campus Cité Scientifique, CNRS, University of Lille, Lille, France.,University Lille - CNRS-UMR 8576, International Associated Laboratory (LIA) "Prenatal Stress and Neurodegenerative Diseases," Sapienza University of Rome - IRCCS Neuromed, Rome, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer," Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), NEUROMED, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Stefania Maccari
- UMR 8576, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Campus Cité Scientifique, CNRS, University of Lille, Lille, France.,Department of Science and Medical - Surgical Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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29
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Undernourishment and recurrent seizures early in life impair Long-Term Potentiation and alter NMDAR and AMPAR expression in rat hippocampus. Int J Dev Neurosci 2019; 75:13-18. [PMID: 30940500 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Undernourishment is a global issue, especially in developing countries, affecting newborns and children in a vulnerable period of brain development. Previous studies of undernourishment models suggested a relationship between undernourishment and epilepsy. The exposure to both undernourishment and recurrent seizures early in life appears to have detrimental effects on the developing brain. This study aims to investigate the neurobiological consequences of undernourishment and recurrent seizures exposure early in life, investigating Long-Term Potentiation (LTP) induction and gene expression of NMDA receptor subunits in the hippocampus during adulthood (P60). Animals were exposed to maternal deprivation protocol from P2 to P15 to control food intake in rat pups and Flurothyl-induced seizures from P7 to P10. Electrophysiological records of hippocampal slices were recorded and gene expression of NR1A, NR2A, NR2B, NR2C, NR2D and BDNF were investigated. Animals exposed to undernourishment or recurrent seizures failed to promote LTP after stimulation. Furthermore, seizure exposure early in life led to increased expression of hippocampal NR1A, NR2A, NR2B, NR2C and NR2D when compared to controls. Interestingly, when animals were exposed to undernourishment paradigm early in life, this upregulation of NDMA subunits was absent. In conclusion, our study showed impaired LTP after undernourishment and recurrent seizures early in life, together with differential expression of NDMA expression in the hippocampus during adulthood.
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30
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Lesuis SL, Kaplick PM, Lucassen PJ, Krugers HJ. Treatment with the glutamate modulator riluzole prevents early life stress-induced cognitive deficits and impairments in synaptic plasticity in APPswe/PS1dE9 mice. Neuropharmacology 2019; 150:175-183. [PMID: 30794835 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental factors like stress affect age-related cognitive deficits and promote Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related pathology in mice. Excess glutamate has been proposed as a possible mediator underlying these effects in the hippocampus, a vulnerable brain region implicated in learning and memory. METHODS Here, we examined a) whether stress applied during a sensitive developmental period early in life affects later synaptic plasticity, learning and memory and plaque load in the APPswe/PS1dE9 mouse model for Alzheimer's disease and b) whether these effects could be rescued using long-term treatment with the glutamate modulator riluzole. RESULTS Our results demonstrate that ELS impairs synaptic plasticity in 6-month-old mice and increases plaque load in 12-month-old APPswe/PS1dE9 mice, while impairing flexible spatial learning in the Barnes maze at this age. Notably, spatial learning correlated well with hippocampal expression of the transporter EAAT2, which is important for extracellular glutamate uptake. The changes in LTP, plaque load and cognition after ELS were all prevented by riluzole treatment that started from post-weaning. CONCLUSION These results suggest that normalising glutamate signalling may be a viable therapeutic strategy for treating vulnerable individuals at risk of developing stress-aggravated AD, particularly in relation to adverse early life experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie L Lesuis
- Brain Plasticity Group, SILS-CNS, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Paul M Kaplick
- Brain Plasticity Group, SILS-CNS, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Paul J Lucassen
- Brain Plasticity Group, SILS-CNS, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Harm J Krugers
- Brain Plasticity Group, SILS-CNS, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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31
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Colson V, Cousture M, Damasceno D, Valotaire C, Nguyen T, Le Cam A, Bobe J. Maternal temperature exposure impairs emotional and cognitive responses and triggers dysregulation of neurodevelopment genes in fish. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6338. [PMID: 30723624 PMCID: PMC6360074 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fish are sensitive to temperature, but the intergenerational consequences of maternal exposure to high temperature on offspring behavioural plasticity and underlying mechanisms are unknown. Here we show that a thermal maternal stress induces impaired emotional and cognitive responses in offspring rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Thermal stress in mothers triggered the inhibition of locomotor fear-related responses upon exposure to a novel environment and decreased spatial learning abilities in progeny. Impaired behavioural phenotypes were associated with the dysregulation of several genes known to play major roles in neurodevelopment, including auts2 (autism susceptibility candidate 2), a key gene for neurodevelopment, more specifically neuronal migration and neurite extension, and critical for the acquisition of neurocognitive function. In addition, our analysis revealed the dysregulation of another neurodevelopment gene (dpysl5) as well as genes associated with human cognitive disorders (arv1, plp2). We observed major differences in maternal mRNA abundance in the eggs following maternal exposure to high temperature indicating that some of the observed intergenerational effects are mediated by maternally-inherited mRNAs accumulated in the egg. Together, our observations shed new light on the intergenerational determinism of fish behaviour and associated underlying mechanisms. They also stress the importance of maternal history on fish behavioural plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violaine Colson
- Fish Physiology and Genomics, INRA LPGP UR1037, Rennes, France
| | | | | | | | - Thaovi Nguyen
- Fish Physiology and Genomics, INRA LPGP UR1037, Rennes, France
| | - Aurélie Le Cam
- Fish Physiology and Genomics, INRA LPGP UR1037, Rennes, France
| | - Julien Bobe
- Fish Physiology and Genomics, INRA LPGP UR1037, Rennes, France
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32
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Tripathi SJ, Chakraborty S, Srikumar B, Raju T, Shankaranarayana Rao B. Prevention of chronic immobilization stress-induced enhanced expression of glucocorticoid receptors in the prefrontal cortex by inactivation of basolateral amygdala. J Chem Neuroanat 2019; 95:134-145. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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33
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Stara V, Mach M, Ujhazy E, Liptak B, Gasparova Z. Beneficial effect of 6 weeks lasting handling of adult rats on spatial memory in experimental model of neurodegeneration. Interdiscip Toxicol 2018; 11:217-220. [PMID: 31736636 PMCID: PMC6853005 DOI: 10.2478/intox-2018-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Handling is a form of experience which can result in physiological changes depending on the period of postnatal age when performed. There is a lot of evidence about the positive effect of neonatal handling, but a lack dealing with handling of adult rats. Behavioral changes and memory deficits are present in dementia-like disorders. In the present work, we tested whether 6 weeks lasting handling of young adult rats could revert memory impairment induced by trimethyltin (TMT) (7.5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally). Testing rats in Morris water maze revealed significant effect of TMT as well significant effect of handling. We observed improvement of spatial memory also between healthy, non-degenerated rats as well as degenerated rats, represented by shorter latency onto the platform. In our paper, we report beneficial effect of handling on spatial memory that is in compliance with published works about beneficial effect of cognitive therapy and training in patients with early stage of Alzheimer΄s disease and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Stara
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Centre of Experimental Medicine of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Mojmir Mach
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Centre of Experimental Medicine of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Eduard Ujhazy
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Centre of Experimental Medicine of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Boris Liptak
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Centre of Experimental Medicine of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- Department of Pharmacology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Zdenka Gasparova
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Centre of Experimental Medicine of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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34
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Van Camp G, Cigalotti J, Bouwalerh H, Mairesse J, Gatta E, Palanza P, Maccari S, Morley-Fletcher S. Consequences of a double hit of stress during the perinatal period and midlife in female rats: Mismatch or cumulative effect? Psychoneuroendocrinology 2018; 93:45-55. [PMID: 29689422 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The interplay between experiences during critical developmental periods and later adult life is crucial in shaping individual variability in stress coping strategies. Exposure to stressful events in early life has strongly programs an individual's phenotype and adaptive capabilities. Until now, studies on programming and reversal strategies in early life stress animal models have been essentially limited to males. By using the perinatal stress (PRS) rat model (a model more sensitive to aging changes) in middle-aged females, we investigated the behavioral and endocrine responses following exposure in later life to an unpredictable chronic mild stress (uCMS) condition for six weeks. PRS by itself accelerated the ageing-related-disruption in the estrous cycle and led to reductions in the levels of estradiol. It also reduced motivational and risk-taking behavior in later life, with PRS females being characterized by a reduction in self-grooming in the splash test, in the exploration of the light compartment in the light/dark box test and in the time spent eating a palatable food in the novelty-induced suppression feeding test. PRS females showed impaired regulation of plasma glucose and insulin levels following a glucose challenge, with a hyperglycemic phenotype, and disrupted feedback of the HPA axis after acute stress with respect to controls. Remarkably, all PRS-induced alterations were modified by exposure to the uCMS procedure, thus resulting in a disease-dependent intervention; controls were not affected by uCMS, except for a slight and transient reduction in body weight, while PRS females displayed a reduced body weight gain for the entire duration of the uCMS procedure. Interestingly, the effects of uCMS on PRS females were still observed up to two months after its termination and the females displayed heightened rhythms of locomotor activity and enhanced sensitivity to reward with respect to controls exposed to uCMS. Our findings indicate that many parameters of the PRS female adult phenotype are shaped by both early and later life experiences in a non-additive way. As a consequence, early stressed individuals may be programmed with a more dynamic phenotype than non-stressed individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Van Camp
- University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576, UGSF, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, 59655, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France; International Associated Laboratory (LIA) France/Italy: "Prenatal Stress and Neurodegenerative Diseases", University Lille1-CNRS UMR8576 and Sapienza University of Rome-IRCCS Neuromed
| | - Jenny Cigalotti
- Erasmus Program, Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università di Parma, 43100-Parma Italy and University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576, UGSF, 59655, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Hammou Bouwalerh
- University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576, UGSF, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, 59655, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France; International Associated Laboratory (LIA) France/Italy: "Prenatal Stress and Neurodegenerative Diseases", University Lille1-CNRS UMR8576 and Sapienza University of Rome-IRCCS Neuromed
| | - Jérôme Mairesse
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Eleonora Gatta
- Center of Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Paola Palanza
- Unit of Neuroscience, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Parma, 43100, Parma, Italy
| | - Stefania Maccari
- University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576, UGSF, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, 59655, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France; IRCCS Neuromed, Italy
| | - Sara Morley-Fletcher
- University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576, UGSF, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, 59655, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France; International Associated Laboratory (LIA) France/Italy: "Prenatal Stress and Neurodegenerative Diseases", University Lille1-CNRS UMR8576 and Sapienza University of Rome-IRCCS Neuromed.
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Xu H, Ye Y, Hao Y, Shi F, Yan Z, Yuan G, Yang Y, Fei Z, He X. Sex differences in associations between maternal deprivation and alterations in hippocampal calcium-binding proteins and cognitive functions in rats. Behav Brain Funct 2018; 14:10. [PMID: 29759084 PMCID: PMC5952636 DOI: 10.1186/s12993-018-0142-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Adverse early-life experiences have been suggested as one of the key contributors to neurodevelopmental disorders, such that these experiences influence brain development, cognitive ability and mental health. Previous studies indicated that hippocampal levels of the calcium-binding proteins calretinin (CALR) and calbindin-D28k (CALB) changed in response to maternal deprivation (MD), a model for adverse early-life experiences. We investigated the effects of MD on hippocampal CALR and CALB protein levels and cognitive behaviors, and explored whether these effects were sex-related. Methods From postnatal day 2 (PND-2) to PND-14, rat pups in the MD group were separated from their mothers for 3 h/day for comparison with pups raised normally (control). To determine hippocampal CALR and CALB levels, fluorescent immunostaining of hippocampal sections and Western blot analysis of hippocampal tissues were employed at various timepoints (PND-21, -25, -30, -35 and -40). Behavioral and cognitive changes were determined by open field test (PND-21) and Morris water maze (PND-25). Results Western blot analysis showed changes in the hippocampal CALR and CALB levels in both male and female MD groups, compared with controls. The open field test showed reduced exploration only in male MD groups but not female MD groups. The Morris water maze tests indicated that MD caused spatial memory impairment both in male and female rats, but there was a sex difference in CALR and CALB levels. Conclusions Male rats are relatively more vulnerable to MD stress than female rats, but both male and female rats demonstrate spatial learning impairment after exposure to MD stress. Sex difference in CALR and CALB levels may reveal the different mechanisms behind the behavioral observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuqin Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yelu Hao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fei Shi
- Faculty of Space and Aviation, Fourth Military Medicine University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhiqiang Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guohao Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuefan Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhou Fei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Xiaosheng He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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Morales-Muñoz I, Saarenpää-Heikkilä O, Kylliäinen A, Pölkki P, Porkka-Heiskanen T, Paunio T, Paavonen EJ. The effects of maternal risk factors during pregnancy on the onset of sleep difficulties in infants at 3 months old. J Sleep Res 2018; 27:e12696. [PMID: 29722084 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.12696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Sleep problems in young children are among the most common concerns reported to paediatricians. Sleep is thought to have important regulatory functions, and sleep difficulties in early childhood are linked to several psychosocial and physiological problems. Moreover, several prenatal factors have been found to influence infants' sleep. Among them, most of the studies have been focused on maternal prenatal depression and/or anxiety as potential risk factors for sleep problems in childhood, whereas other relevant psychological factors during pregnancy have not received as much attention. Therefore, we aimed to examine the effect of several psychiatric maternal risk factors during pregnancy (i.e. symptoms of anxiety, depression, insomnia, alcohol use, seasonality, attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder and/or stressful life events) on the onset of some sleep problems related to sleep quality and sleep practices in 3-month-old infants. We examined 1,221 cases from a population-based birth cohort, with subjective measures during pregnancy in mothers, and at 3 months after birth in the infants. The findings showed that all the maternal risk factors during pregnancy, except for symptoms of alcoholism and sleepiness, were related to sleep difficulties in infants. Interestingly, attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder symptomatology in mothers during pregnancy was the only variable that predicted more than two sleeping difficulties (i.e. long sleep-onset latency, co-sleeping with parents and irregular sleeping routines) at 3 months old. Our results highlight the relevance of maternal risk factors during pregnancy, and not only prenatal depression and/or anxiety, as variables to be considered when examining sleep difficulties in infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Morales-Muñoz
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Anneli Kylliäinen
- Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Pirjo Pölkki
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Tiina Paunio
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.,Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - E Juulia Paavonen
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.,Child Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Li H, Ishikawa C, Shiga T. Effects of postnatal handling on adult behavior and brain mRNA expression of serotonin receptor, brain‐derived neurotrophic factor and GABA‐A receptor subunit. Int J Dev Neurosci 2018; 68:17-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Li
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba1‐1‐1 TennodaiTsukuba305‐8577Japan
| | - Chihiro Ishikawa
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba1‐1‐1 TennodaiTsukuba305‐8577Japan
| | - Takashi Shiga
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba1‐1‐1 TennodaiTsukuba305‐8577Japan
- Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Tsukuba1‐1‐1 TennodaiTsukuba305‐8577Japan
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Gatta E, Mairesse J, Deruyter L, Marrocco J, Van Camp G, Bouwalerh H, Lo Guidice JM, Morley-Fletcher S, Nicoletti F, Maccari S. Reduced maternal behavior caused by gestational stress is predictive of life span changes in risk-taking behavior and gene expression due to altering of the stress/anti-stress balance. Neurotoxicology 2018; 66:138-149. [PMID: 29630914 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Exposure of the mother to adverse events during pregnancy is known to induce pathological programming of the HPA axis in the progeny, thereby increasing the vulnerability to neurobehavioral disorders. Maternal care plays a crucial role in the programming of the offspring, and oxytocin plays a key role in mother/pup interaction. Therefore, we investigated whether positive modulation of maternal behavior by activation of the oxytocinergic system could reverse the long-term alterations induced by perinatal stress (PRS; gestational restraint stress 3 times/day during the last ten days of gestation) on HPA axis activity, risk-taking behavior in the elevated-plus maze, hippocampal mGlu5 receptor and gene expression in Sprague-Dawley rats. Stressed and control unstressed dams were treated during the first postpartum week with an oxytocin receptor agonist, carbetocin (1 mg/kg, i.p.). Remarkably, reduction of maternal behavior was predictive of behavioral disturbances in PRS rats as well as of the impairment of the oxytocin and its receptor gene expression. Postpartum carbetocin corrected the reduction of maternal behavior induced by gestational stress as well as the impaired oxytocinergic system in the PRS progeny, which was associated with reduced risk-taking behavior. Moreover, postpartum carbetocin had an anti-stress effect on HPA axis activity in the adult PRS progeny and increased hippocampal mGlu5 receptor expression in aging. In conclusion, the activation of the oxytocinergic system in the early life plays a protective role against the programming effect by adverse experiences and could be considered as a novel and powerful potential therapeutic target for stress-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Gatta
- Center of Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, United States
| | - Jérôme Mairesse
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lucie Deruyter
- University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle (UGSF), 59000 Lille, France
| | - Jordan Marrocco
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, 10065, United States
| | - Gilles Van Camp
- University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle (UGSF), 59000 Lille, France; Associated International Laboratory (LIA): "Perinatal Stress and Neurodegenerative Diseases", University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 France, Sapienza University of Rome/IRCCS Neuromed, Italy
| | - Hammou Bouwalerh
- University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle (UGSF), 59000 Lille, France; Associated International Laboratory (LIA): "Perinatal Stress and Neurodegenerative Diseases", University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 France, Sapienza University of Rome/IRCCS Neuromed, Italy
| | - Jean-Marc Lo Guidice
- University of Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA 4483: Impact de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé Humaine (IMPECS), 59000 Lille, France
| | - Sara Morley-Fletcher
- University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle (UGSF), 59000 Lille, France; Associated International Laboratory (LIA): "Perinatal Stress and Neurodegenerative Diseases", University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 France, Sapienza University of Rome/IRCCS Neuromed, Italy.
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; Department of Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Maccari
- University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle (UGSF), 59000 Lille, France; IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
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Siciliano-Martina L, Martina JP. Stress and social behaviors of maternally deprived captive giraffes (Giraffa camelopardalis). Zoo Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/zoo.21405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jason P. Martina
- Department of Plant Biology; Michigan State University; East Lansing Michigan
- Ecology, Evolutionary Biology, and Behavior; Michigan State University; East Lansing Michigan
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St-Cyr S, McGowan PO. Adaptation or pathology? The role of prenatal stressor type and intensity in the developmental programing of adult phenotype. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2018; 66:113-124. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Hoeijmakers L, Lesuis SL, Krugers H, Lucassen PJ, Korosi A. A preclinical perspective on the enhanced vulnerability to Alzheimer's disease after early-life stress. Neurobiol Stress 2018; 8:172-185. [PMID: 29888312 PMCID: PMC5991337 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress experienced early in life (ES), in the form of childhood maltreatment, maternal neglect or trauma, enhances the risk for cognitive decline in later life. Several epidemiological studies have now shown that environmental and adult life style factors influence AD incidence or age-of-onset and early-life environmental conditions have attracted attention in this respect. There is now emerging interest in understanding whether ES impacts the risk to develop age-related neurodegenerative disorders, and their severity, such as in Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is characterized by cognitive decline and extensive (hippocampal) neuropathology. While this might be relevant for the identification of individuals at risk and preventive strategies, this topic and its possible underlying mechanisms have been poorly studied to date. In this review, we discuss the role of ES in modulating AD risk and progression, primarily from a preclinical perspective. We focus on the possible involvement of stress-related, neuro-inflammatory and metabolic factors in mediating ES-induced effects on later neuropathology and the associated impairments in neuroplasticity. The available studies suggest that the age of onset and progression of AD-related neuropathology and cognitive decline can be affected by ES, and may aggravate the progression of AD neuropathology. These relevant changes in AD pathology after ES exposure in animal models call for future clinical studies to elucidate whether stress exposure during the early-life period in humans modulates later vulnerability for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Aniko Korosi
- Brain Plasticity Group, Center for Neuroscience, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Kiryanova V, Smith VM, Antle MC, Dyck RH. Behavior of Adult 5-HT1A Receptor Knockout Mice Exposed to Stress During Prenatal Development. Neuroscience 2018; 371:16-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Villain H, Benkahoul A, Birmes P, Ferry B, Roullet P. Influence of early stress on memory reconsolidation: Implications for post-traumatic stress disorder treatment. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191563. [PMID: 29352277 PMCID: PMC5774817 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common consequence of exposure to a life-threatening event. Currently, pharmacological treatments are limited by high rates of relapse, and novel treatment approaches are needed. We have recently demonstrated that propranolol, a β-adrenergic antagonist, inhibited aversive memory reconsolidation in animals. Following this, in an open-label study 70% of patients with PTSD treated with propranolol during reactivation of traumatic memory exhibited full remission. However, the reason why 30% of these patients did not respond positively to propranolol treatment is still unclear. One of the major candidates as factor of treatment resistance is the patient's early-life traumatic history. To test the role of this factor, mice with pre- or postnatal stress are being tested in fear conditioning and in a new behavioral task, the "city-like", specifically designed as a mouse model of PTSD. After reactivation of the traumatic event, mice received propranolol injection to block the noradrenergic system during memory reconsolidation. Results show that, in the “city-like” test, control mice strongly avoided the shock compartment but also the compartments containing cues associated with the electric shocks. Injection of propranolol after reactivation greatly reduced the memory of the traumatic event, but this effect was not present when mice had received pre- or postnatal stress. Moreover, propranolol produced only a very weak effect in the fear conditioning test, and never changed the corticosterone level whatever the behavioral experiment. Taken together our results suggest that our new behavioural paradigm is well adapted to PTSD study in mice, and that early stress exposure may have an impact on propranolol PTSD treatment outcome. These data are critical to understanding the effect of propranolol treatment, in order to improve the therapeutic protocol currently used in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Villain
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Aïcha Benkahoul
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Philippe Birmes
- Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS,Toulouse, France
| | - Barbara Ferry
- Centre of Research in Neuroscience Lyon—UMR CNRS 5292—INSERM U 1028—Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1,Lyon, France
| | - Pascal Roullet
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
- * E-mail:
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Walker DJ, Spencer KA. Glucocorticoid programming of neuroimmune function. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2018; 256:80-88. [PMID: 28728884 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Throughout life physiological systems strive to maintain homeostasis and these systems are susceptible to exposure to maternal or environmental perturbations, particularly during embryonic development. In some cases, these perturbations may influence genetic and physiological processes that permanently alter the functioning of these physiological systems; a process known as developmental programming. In recent years, the neuroimmune system has garnered attention for its fundamental interactions with key hormonal systems, such as the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis. The ultimate product of this axis, the glucocorticoid hormones, play a key role in modulating immune responses within the periphery and the CNS as part of the physiological stress response. It is well-established that elevated glucocorticoids induced by developmental stress exert profound short and long-term physiological effects, yet there is relatively little information of how these effects are manifested within the neuroimmune system. Pre and post-natal periods are prime candidates for manipulation in order to uncover the physiological mechanisms that underlie glucocorticoid programming of neuroimmune responses. Understanding the potential programming role of glucocorticoids may be key in uncovering vulnerable windows of CNS susceptibility to stressful experiences during embryonic development and improve our use of glucocorticoids as therapeutics in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Walker
- School of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, Fife KY16 9JP, United Kingdom.
| | - Karen A Spencer
- School of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, Fife KY16 9JP, United Kingdom
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Ricker AA, Corley R, DeFries JC, Wadsworth SJ, Reynolds CA. Examining the influence of perceived stress on developmental change in memory and perceptual speed for adopted and nonadopted individuals. Dev Psychol 2017; 54:138-150. [PMID: 28981301 DOI: 10.1037/dev0000329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The present study prospectively evaluated cumulative early life perceived stress in relation to differential change in memory and perceptual speed from middle childhood to early adulthood. We aimed to identify periods of cognitive development susceptible to the effects of perceived stress among both adopted and nonadopted individuals. The sample consisted of participants in the Colorado Adoption Project (CAP, N = 690). Structured latent growth curves were fit to 4 memory outcomes as well as 1 perceptual speed outcome, which described nonlinear change between ages 9 and 30. Both adoption status and cumulative perceived stress indices served as predictors of the latent curves. The perceived stress indices were constructed from the Brooks-Gunn Life Events Scale for Adolescents, and reflected "upsettingness" ratings associated with the occurrence of particular life events during middle childhood (ages 9 to 12) and adolescence (ages 13 to 16). For memory and perceptual speed, cumulative perceived stress did not predict differential cognitive gains. However, differences in perceptual speed trajectories between nonadopted and adopted individuals were observed, with adopted individuals showing smaller gains. Although these findings provide no evidence that emergent variability in memory and perceptual speed trajectories by age 30 are explained by cumulative perceptions of stress in childhood and adolescence, further investigations regarding potential vulnerability across the life span are warranted. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley A Ricker
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside
| | - Robin Corley
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder
| | - John C DeFries
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder
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Maternal Prenatal Psychological Distress and Preschool Cognitive Functioning: the Protective Role of Positive Parental Engagement. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2017; 45:249-260. [PMID: 27150387 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-016-0161-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Considerable animal research and available human studies suggest that psychological distress experienced by mothers during gestation is associated with later neurodevelopmental deficits in offspring; however, little research has examined potential protective factors that might mitigate this risk. The current study examined the impact of maternal prenatal psychological distress during pregnancy on cognitive outcomes in preschoolers (ages 2.5-5 years) and positive parenting as a potential protective factor. Mother-child dyads (N = 162, mean child age = 44 months, 49 % female) were recruited from a longitudinal cohort of women who had previously participated in a study of maternal mood disorders during pregnancy. Maternal prenatal distress was assessed with multiple measures collected throughout pregnancy. During a follow-up visit, mothers were interviewed about their psychological symptoms since the birth of the child, parenting behaviors were recorded during a parent-child interaction, and children's cognitive abilities were measured using the Differential Ability Scales, 2nd Edition. Maternal prenatal distress significantly predicted lower general cognitive abilities; however, this relationship was strongest for children whose mothers exhibited low levels of positive engagement and not significant when mothers exhibited high levels of positive engagement. Results suggest that positive parental engagement can protect against the detrimental effects of maternal prenatal distress on preschoolers' cognitive abilities.
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Hoeijmakers L, Ruigrok SR, Amelianchik A, Ivan D, van Dam AM, Lucassen PJ, Korosi A. Early-life stress lastingly alters the neuroinflammatory response to amyloid pathology in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model. Brain Behav Immun 2017; 63:160-175. [PMID: 28027926 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2016.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to stress during the sensitive period of early-life increases the risk to develop cognitive impairments and psychopathology later in life. In addition, early-life stress (ES) exposure, next to genetic causes, has been proposed to modulate the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD), however evidence for this hypothesis is currently lacking. We here tested whether ES modulates progression of AD-related neuropathology and assessed the possible contribution of neuroinflammatory factors in this. We subjected wild-type (WT) and transgenic APP/PS1 mice, as a model for amyloid neuropathology, to chronic ES from postnatal day (P)2 to P9. We next studied how ES exposure affected; 1) amyloid β (Aβ) pathology at an early (4month old) and at a more advanced pathological (10month old) stage, 2) neuroinflammatory mediators immediately after ES exposure as well as in adult WT mice, and 3) the neuroinflammatory response in relation to Aβ neuropathology. ES exposure resulted in a reduction of cell-associated amyloid in 4month old APP/PS1 mice, but in an exacerbation of Aβ plaque load at 10months of age, demonstrating that ES affects Aβ load in the hippocampus in an age-dependent manner. Interestingly, ES modulated various neuroinflammatory mediators in the hippocampus of WT mice as well as in response to Aβ neuropathology. In WT mice, immediately following ES exposure (P9), Iba1-immunopositive microglia exhibited reduced complexity and hippocampal interleukin (IL)-1β expression was increased. In contrast, microglial Iba1 and CD68 were increased and hippocampal IL-6 expression was decreased at 4months, while these changes resolved by 10months of age. Finally, Aβ neuropathology triggered a neuroinflammatory response in APP/PS1 mice that was altered after ES exposure. APP/PS1 mice exhibited increased CD68 expression at 4months, which was further enhanced by ES, whereas the microglial response to Aβ neuropathology, as measured by Iba1 and CD11b, was less prominent after ES at 10months of age. Finally, the hippocampus appears to be more vulnerable for these ES-induced effects, since ES did not affect Aβ neuropathology and neuroinflammation in the entorhinal cortex of adult ES exposed mice. Overall, our results demonstrate that ES exposure has both immediate and lasting effects on the neuroinflammatory response. In the context of AD, such alterations in neuroinflammation might contribute to aggravated neuropathology in ES exposed mice, hence altering disease progression. This indicates that, at least in a genetic context, ES could aggravate AD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianne Hoeijmakers
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Center for Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Silvie R Ruigrok
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Center for Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Amelianchik
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Center for Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daniela Ivan
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Center for Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anne-Marie van Dam
- Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1108, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul J Lucassen
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Center for Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aniko Korosi
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Center for Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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48
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Behavioural outcomes of adult female offspring following maternal stress and perinatal fluoxetine exposure. Behav Brain Res 2017; 331:84-91. [PMID: 28511978 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Depression, anxiety, and stress are common in pregnant women. One of the primary pharmacological treatments for anxiety and depression is the antidepressant fluoxetine (Flx). Maternal stress, depression, and Flx exposure are known to effect neurodevelopment of the offspring, however, their combined effects have been scarcely studied, especially in female offspring. The present study investigated the combined effects of maternal stress during pregnancy and perinatal exposure to Flx on the behaviour of female mice as adults. METHODS Mouse dams were exposed to either chronic unpredictable stress (embryonic (E) day 7 to E18), or FLX (E15- postnatal day 12), or a combination of stress and FLX or left untreated. At two months of age, the female offspring went through a comprehensive behavioural test battery. RESULTS Maternal stress led to increased activity and alterations of prepulse inhibition in the adult female offspring. Maternal treatment with Flx had a potentially beneficial effect on spatial memory. The combination of prenatal stress and perinatal Flx exposure did not interact in their effects. These results suggest that gestational Flx exposure may have a limited negative impact on female offspring.
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49
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Bengoetxea X, Paternain L, Martisova E, Milagro FI, Martínez JA, Campión J, Ramírez MJ. Effects of perinatal diet and prenatal stress on the behavioural profile of aged male and female rats. J Psychopharmacol 2017; 31:356-364. [PMID: 28114845 DOI: 10.1177/0269881116686881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The present work studies whether chronic prenatal stress (PS) influences the long-term sex-dependent neuropsychological status of offspring and the effects of an early dietary intervention in the dam. In addition, dams were fed with either a high-fat sugar diet (HFSD) or methyl donor supplemented diet (MDSD). PS procedure did not affect body weight of the offspring. MDSD induced decreases in body weight both in male and female offspring (1 month) that were still present in aged rats. HFSD induced an increase in body weight both in male and female offspring that did not persist in aged rats. In the Porsolt forced swimming test, only young males showed increases in immobility time that were reversed by MDSD. In old female rats (20 months), PS-induced cognitive impairment in both the novel object recognition test (NORT) and in the Morris water maze that was reversed by MDSD, whereas in old males, cognitive impairments and reversion by MDSD was evident only in the Morris water maze. HFSD induced cognitive impairment in both control and PS old rats, but there was no additive effect of PS and HFSD. It is proposed here that the diversity of symptoms following PS could arise from programming effects in early brain development and that these effects could be modified by dietary intake of the dam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xabier Bengoetxea
- 1 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Laura Paternain
- 2 Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Eva Martisova
- 1 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Fermin I Milagro
- 2 Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,3 CIBERobn, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Alfredo Martínez
- 2 Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,3 CIBERobn, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain.,4 IDISNA, Navarra's Health Research Institute, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Javier Campión
- 2 Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,3 CIBERobn, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - María J Ramírez
- 1 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,4 IDISNA, Navarra's Health Research Institute, Pamplona, Spain
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50
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Bartlett AA, Singh R, Hunter RG. Anxiety and Epigenetics. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 978:145-166. [PMID: 28523545 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-53889-1_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Anxiety disorders are highly prevalent psychiatric disorders often comorbid with depression and substance abuse. Twin studies have shown that anxiety disorders are moderately heritable. Yet, genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have failed to identify gene(s) significantly associated with diagnosis suggesting a strong role for environmental factors and the epigenome. A number of anxiety disorder subtypes are considered "stress related." A large focus of research has been on the epigenetic and anxiety-like behavioral consequences of stress. Animal models of anxiety-related disorders have provided strong evidence for the role of stress on the epigenetic control of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and of stress-responsive brain regions. Neuroepigenetics may continue to explain individual variation in susceptibility to environmental perturbations and consequently anxious behavior. Behavioral and pharmacological interventions aimed at targeting epigenetic marks associated with anxiety may prove fruitful in developing treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew A Bartlett
- Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts, 100 Morrissey Blvd, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - Rumani Singh
- Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts, 100 Morrissey Blvd, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - Richard G Hunter
- Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts, 100 Morrissey Blvd, Boston, MA, 02125, USA.
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