1
|
Peng L, Liu Z, Liu P, Guo W, Liu T, Lei Z, Chang Q, Zhang M, Lin X, Wang F, Wu S. Genome-wide association analysis to search for new loci associated with stroke risk in Northwestern Chinese population. Gene 2024; 928:148807. [PMID: 39094715 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Genetic factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of stroke(S). This study aimed to screen the loci associated with S risk in northwestern Chinese population by genome-wide association analysis (GWAS). METHODS A total of 1394 subjects, including 682 S patients and 692 controls, were enrolled in this study. SPSS 25.0 software was used for statistical analysis, and the independent sample t-test as well as Chi-square test were used to analyze the differences in age and gender between the case and control groups. The Precision Medicine Diversity Array (PMDA) genotyping chip was used in this study. The genotyping platform was the Gene Titan multi-channel instrument, and the Axiom Analysis Suite 6.0 software was used for the data analyzing. Besides, the LASSO analysis, SNP-SNP and GO/KEGG analysis were conducted to analyze the association between significant loci and S risk. RESULTS A total of 30 SNPs were found to be associated with the S risk based on additive model (p < 5 × 10-8). After the LASSO screening, 22 SNPs showed the diagnostic value in S. The SNPs interaction analysis further screened the SNP-SNP interaction groups associated with the S risk(p < 0.05). Finally, the GO/KEGG analysis discovered the suggestive significance loci could be involved in the S development mainly by immune-related functions and pathways. CONCLUSION This study discovered 30 S related SNPs and analyzed the potential pathways associated with genes located on the 30 SNPs, which were beneficial for enriching the genetic mechanism analysis of S in northwestern Chinese population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linna Peng
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an No.1 Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an 710002, China; Xi'an Key Laboratory for Innovation and Translation of Neuroimmunological Diseases, Xi'an 710002, China
| | - Zhongzhong Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an No.1 Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an 710002, China; Xi'an Key Laboratory for Innovation and Translation of Neuroimmunological Diseases, Xi'an 710002, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Pei Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an No.1 Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an 710002, China; Xi'an Key Laboratory for Innovation and Translation of Neuroimmunological Diseases, Xi'an 710002, China
| | - Weiyan Guo
- Xi'an Key Laboratory for Innovation and Translation of Neuroimmunological Diseases, Xi'an 710002, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an No.1 Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an 710002, China; Xi'an Key Laboratory for Innovation and Translation of Neuroimmunological Diseases, Xi'an 710002, China
| | - Zhen Lei
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Chang
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an No.1 Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an 710002, China; Xi'an Key Laboratory for Innovation and Translation of Neuroimmunological Diseases, Xi'an 710002, China
| | - Mi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an No.1 Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an 710002, China; Xi'an Key Laboratory for Innovation and Translation of Neuroimmunological Diseases, Xi'an 710002, China
| | - Xuemei Lin
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an No.1 Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an 710002, China; Xi'an Key Laboratory for Innovation and Translation of Neuroimmunological Diseases, Xi'an 710002, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an No.1 Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an 710002, China; Xi'an Key Laboratory for Innovation and Translation of Neuroimmunological Diseases, Xi'an 710002, China
| | - Songdi Wu
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an No.1 Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an 710002, China; Xi'an Key Laboratory for Innovation and Translation of Neuroimmunological Diseases, Xi'an 710002, China; College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen VL, Du X, Oliveri A, Chen Y, Kuppa A, Halligan BD, Province MA, Speliotes EK. Genetic risk accentuates dietary effects on hepatic steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis in a population-based cohort. J Hepatol 2024; 81:379-388. [PMID: 38582304 PMCID: PMC11347099 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2024.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Steatotic liver disease (SLD), characterized by elevated liver fat content (LFC), is influenced by genetics and diet. However, whether diet has a differential effect based on genetic risk is not well-characterized. We aimed to determine how genetic factors interact with diet to affect SLD in a large national biobank. METHODS We included UK Biobank participants with dietary intake measured by 24-hour recall and genotyping. The primary predictors were dietary pattern, PNPLA3-rs738409-G, TM6SF2-rs58542926-T, a 16-variant hepatic steatosis polygenic risk score (PRS), and gene-environment interactions. The primary outcome was LFC, and secondary outcomes were iron-controlled T1 time (cT1, a measure of liver inflammation and fibrosis) and liver-related events/mortality. RESULTS A total of 21,619 participants met inclusion criteria. In non-interaction models, Mediterranean diet and intake of fruit/vegetables/legumes and fish associated with lower LFC, while higher red/processed meat intake and all genetic predictors associated with higher LFC. In interaction models, all genetic predictors interacted with Mediterranean diet and fruit/vegetable/legume intake, while the steatosis PRS interacted with fish intake and the TM6SF2 genotype interacted with red/processed meat intake, to affect LFC. Dietary effects on LFC were up to 3.8-fold higher in PNPLA3-rs738409-GG vs. -CC individuals, and 1.4-3.0-fold higher in the top vs. bottom quartile of the steatosis PRS. Gene-diet interactions were stronger in participants with vs. without overweight. The steatosis PRS interacted with Mediterranean diet and fruit/vegetable/legume intake to affect cT1 and most dietary and genetic predictors associated with risk of liver-related events or mortality by age 70. CONCLUSIONS Effects of diet on LFC and cT1 were markedly accentuated in patients at increased genetic risk for SLD, implying dietary interventions may be more impactful in these populations. IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS Genetic variants and diet both influence risk of hepatic steatosis, inflammation/fibrosis, and hepatic decompensation; however, how gene-diet interactions influence these outcomes has previously not been comprehensively characterized. We investigated this topic in the community-based UK Biobank and found that genetic risk and dietary quality interacted to influence hepatic steatosis and inflammation/fibrosis on liver MRI, so that the effects of diet were greater in people at elevated genetic risk. These results are relevant for patients and medical providers because they show that genetic risk is not fixed (i.e. modifiable factors can mitigate or exacerbate this risk) and realistic dietary changes may result in meaningful improvement in liver steatosis and inflammation/fibrosis. As genotyping becomes more routinely used in clinical practice, patients identified to be at high baseline genetic risk may benefit even more from intensive dietary counseling than those at lower risk, though future prospective studies are required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent L Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xiaomeng Du
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Antonino Oliveri
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yanhua Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Annapurna Kuppa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Brian D Halligan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michael A Province
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Elizabeth K Speliotes
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Duan Y, Yang Y, Zhao S, Bai Y, Yao W, Gao X, Yin J. Crosstalk in extrahepatic and hepatic system in NAFLD/NASH. Liver Int 2024; 44:1856-1871. [PMID: 38717072 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as the most prevalent chronic liver disease globally. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) represents an extremely progressive form of NAFLD, which, without timely intervention, may progress to cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. Presently, a definitive comprehension of the pathogenesis of NAFLD/NASH eludes us, and pharmacological interventions targeting NASH specifically remain constrained. The aetiology of NAFLD encompasses a myriad of external factors including environmental influences, dietary habits and gender disparities. More significantly, inter-organ and cellular interactions within the human body play a role in the development or regression of the disease. In this review, we categorize the influences affecting NAFLD both intra- and extrahepatically, elaborating meticulously on the mechanisms governing the onset and progression of NAFLD/NASH. This exploration delves into progress in aetiology and promising therapeutic targets. As a metabolic disorder, the development of NAFLD involves complexities related to nutrient metabolism, liver-gut axis interactions and insulin resistance, among other regulatory functions of extraneous organs. It further encompasses intra-hepatic interactions among hepatic cells, Kupffer cells (KCs) and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). A comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of NAFLD/NASH from a macroscopic standpoint is instrumental in the formulation of future therapies for NASH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiliang Duan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Yang
- The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuqiang Zhao
- Jiangsu Institute for Food and Drug Control, NMPA Key Laboratory for Impurity Profile of Chemical Drugs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuesong Bai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenbing Yao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangdong Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Giraudi PJ, Pascut D, Banfi C, Ghilardi S, Tiribelli C, Bondesan A, Caroli D, Minocci A, Sartorio A. Serum proteome signatures associated with liver steatosis in adolescents with obesity. J Endocrinol Invest 2024:10.1007/s40618-024-02419-x. [PMID: 39017916 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-024-02419-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Childhood obesity, a pressing global health issue, significantly increases the risk of metabolic complications, including metabolic dysfunction associated with steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Accurate non-invasive tests for early detection and screening of steatosis are crucial. In this study, we explored the serum proteome, identifying proteins as potential biomarkers for inclusion in non-invasive steatosis diagnosis tests. METHODS Fifty-nine obese adolescents underwent ultrasonography to assess steatosis. Serum samples were collected and analyzed by targeted proteomics with the Proximity Extension Assay technology. Clinical and biochemical parameters were evaluated, and correlations among them, the individuated markers, and steatosis were performed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine the steatosis diagnostic performance of the identified candidates, the fatty liver index (FLI), and their combination in a logistic regression model. RESULTS Significant differences were observed between subjects with and without steatosis in various clinical and biochemical parameters. Gender-related differences in the serum proteome were also noted. Five circulating proteins, including Cathepsin O (CTSO), Cadherin 2 (CDH2), and Prolyl endopeptidase (FAP), were identified as biomarkers for steatosis. CDH2, CTSO, Leukocyte Immunoglobulin Like Receptor A5 (LILRA5), BMI, waist circumference, HOMA-IR, and FLI, among others, significantly correlated with the steatosis degree. CDH2, FAP, and LDL combined in a logit model achieved a diagnostic performance with an AUC of 0.91 (95% CI 0.75-0.97, 100% sensitivity, 84% specificity). CONCLUSIONS CDH2 and FAP combined with other clinical parameters, represent useful tools for accurate diagnosis of fatty liver, emphasizing the importance of integrating novel markers into diagnostic algorithms for MASLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P J Giraudi
- Metabolic Liver Disease Unit, Fondazione Italiana Fegato-ONLUS, Trieste, Italy.
| | - D Pascut
- Liver Cancer Unit, Fondazione Italiana Fegato-ONLUS, Trieste, Italy
| | - C Banfi
- Unit of Functional Proteomics, Metabolomics, and Network Analysis, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - S Ghilardi
- Unit of Functional Proteomics, Metabolomics, and Network Analysis, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - C Tiribelli
- Metabolic Liver Disease Unit, Fondazione Italiana Fegato-ONLUS, Trieste, Italy
- Liver Cancer Unit, Fondazione Italiana Fegato-ONLUS, Trieste, Italy
| | - A Bondesan
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy
| | - D Caroli
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy
| | - A Minocci
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy
| | - A Sartorio
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Seko Y, Yamaguchi K, Shima T, Iwaki M, Takahashi H, Kawanaka M, Tanaka S, Mitsumoto Y, Yoneda M, Nakajima A, Okanoue T, Itoh Y. Differential Effects of Genetic Polymorphism on Comorbid Disease in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 22:1436-1443.e4. [PMID: 38604296 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2024.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS PNPLA3 rs738409, TM6SF2 rs58542926, and HSD17B13 rs72613567 have been associated with an increased risk of liver-related events (LREs) in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). In this study, we investigated the combined effects of these variants on LREs. METHODS The longitudinal multicenter cohort study enrolled 1178 patients with biopsy-proven MASLD. We calculated the genetic risk of hepatic fibrosis and LRE according to the impact of these variants. RESULTS Patients with genetic fibrosis scores of 2, 3, and 4 or 5 were at greater risk than patients with scores of 0 or 1, with odds ratios of 2.45 (95% CI, 1.27-4.74), 2.14 (95% CI, 1.17-3.94), and 2.54 (95% CI, 1.35-4.77), respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that PNPLA3 and TM6SF2, but not HSD17B13, were associated significantly with LRE development. The hazard ratio of the genetic high-risk group for LRE was 1.91 (95% CI, 1.20-3.04). The higher risk of LRE development in the genetic high-risk group also was seen in patients with F ≥ 3 or Fibrosis-4 index > 2.67. The hazard ratios of the genetic high-risk group for LRE were greater in patients without obesity, without diabetes, and of younger age compared with patients with obesity, with diabetes, or of older age, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This combination of MASLD-related genetic variants is useful for predicting LREs in Japanese patients with MASLD. The genetic risk according to these variants is useful for LRE risk assessment, especially in patients without metabolic risk factors or in younger patients in Japan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Seko
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyou-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kanji Yamaguchi
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyou-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshihide Shima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Saiseikai Suita Hospital, Suita, Japan
| | - Michihiro Iwaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Miwa Kawanaka
- General Internal Medicine 2, General Medical Center, Kawasaki Medical School, Kita-ku, Okayama, Japan
| | - Saiyu Tanaka
- Center for Digestive and Liver Diseases, Nara City Hospital, Nara, Japan
| | - Yasuhide Mitsumoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Saiseikai Suita Hospital, Suita, Japan
| | - Masato Yoneda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakajima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takeshi Okanoue
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Saiseikai Suita Hospital, Suita, Japan.
| | - Yoshito Itoh
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyou-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Koenig AB, Tan A, Abdelaal H, Monge F, Younossi ZM, Goodman ZD. Review article: Hepatic steatosis and its associations with acute and chronic liver diseases. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2024; 60:167-200. [PMID: 38845486 DOI: 10.1111/apt.18059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic steatosis is a common finding in liver histopathology and the hallmark of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formerly known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), whose global prevalence is rising. AIMS To review the histopathology of hepatic steatosis and its mechanisms of development and to identify common and rare disease associations. METHODS We reviewed literature on the basic science of lipid droplet (LD) biology and clinical research on acute and chronic liver diseases associated with hepatic steatosis using the PubMed database. RESULTS A variety of genetic and environmental factors contribute to the development of chronic hepatic steatosis or steatotic liver disease, which typically appears macrovesicular. Microvesicular steatosis is associated with acute mitochondrial dysfunction and liver failure. Fat metabolic processes in hepatocytes whose dysregulation leads to the development of steatosis include secretion of lipoprotein particles, uptake of remnant lipoprotein particles or free fatty acids from blood, de novo lipogenesis, oxidation of fatty acids, lipolysis and lipophagy. Hepatic insulin resistance is a key feature of MASLD. Seipin is a polyfunctional protein that facilitates LD biogenesis. Assembly of hepatitis C virus takes place on LD surfaces. LDs make important, functional contact with the endoplasmic reticulum and other organelles. CONCLUSIONS Diverse liver pathologies are associated with hepatic steatosis, with MASLD being the most important contributor. The biogenesis and dynamics of LDs in hepatocytes are complex and warrant further investigation. Organellar interfaces permit co-regulation of lipid metabolism to match generation of potentially toxic lipid species with their LD depot storage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron B Koenig
- Beatty Liver and Obesity Research Program, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
| | - Albert Tan
- Beatty Liver and Obesity Research Program, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
- Center for Liver Diseases, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
| | - Hala Abdelaal
- Beatty Liver and Obesity Research Program, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
- Center for Liver Diseases, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
| | - Fanny Monge
- Beatty Liver and Obesity Research Program, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
- Center for Liver Diseases, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
| | - Zobair M Younossi
- Beatty Liver and Obesity Research Program, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
- The Global NASH Council, Center for Outcomes Research in Liver Diseases, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Zachary D Goodman
- Beatty Liver and Obesity Research Program, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
- Center for Liver Diseases, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kaplan DE, Teerlink CC, Schwantes-An TH, Norden-Krichmar TM, DuVall SL, Morgan TR, Tsao PS, Voight BF, Lynch JA, Vujković M, Chang KM. Clinical and genetic risk factors for progressive fibrosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Hepatol Commun 2024; 8:e0487. [PMID: 38967582 PMCID: PMC11227360 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibrosis-4 (FIB4) is a recommended noninvasive test to assess hepatic fibrosis among patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Here, we used FIB4 trajectory over time (ie, "slope" of FIB4) as a surrogate marker of liver fibrosis progression and examined if FIB4 slope is associated with clinical and genetic factors among individuals with clinically defined MASLD within the Million Veteran Program Cohort. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, FIB4 slopes were estimated through linear regression for participants with clinically defined MASLD and FIB4 <2.67 at baseline. FIB4 slope was correlated with demographic parameters and clinical outcomes using logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard models. FIB4 slope as a quantitative phenotype was used in a genome-wide association analysis in ancestry-specific analysis and multiancestry meta-analysis using METAL. RESULTS FIB4 slopes, generated from 98,361 subjects with MASLD (16,045 African, 74,320 European, and 7996 Hispanic), showed significant associations with sex, ancestry, and cardiometabolic risk factors (p < 0.05). FIB4 slopes also correlated strongly with hepatic outcomes and were independently associated with time to cirrhosis. Five genetic loci showed genome-wide significant associations (p < 5 × 10-8) with FIB4 slope among European ancestry subjects, including 2 known (PNPLA3 and TM6SF2) and 3 novel loci (TERT 5.1 × 10-11; LINC01088, 3.9 × 10-8; and MRC1, 2.9 × 10-9). CONCLUSIONS Linear trajectories of FIB4 correlated significantly with time to progression to cirrhosis, with liver-related outcomes among individuals with MASLD and with known and novel genetic loci. FIB4 slope may be useful as a surrogate measure of fibrosis progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David E. Kaplan
- Department of Medicine, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Craig C. Teerlink
- VA Informatics and Computing Infrastructure (VINCI), VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Epidemiology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Tae-Hwi Schwantes-An
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Trina M. Norden-Krichmar
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology Section, Veterans Affairs Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, California, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Scott L. DuVall
- VA Informatics and Computing Infrastructure (VINCI), VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Epidemiology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Timothy R. Morgan
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology Section, Veterans Affairs Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Philip S. Tsao
- Palo Alto Epidemiology Research and Information Center for Genomics, VA Palo Alto, Palo Alto, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Benjamin F. Voight
- Department of Medicine, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Julie A. Lynch
- VA Informatics and Computing Infrastructure (VINCI), VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Epidemiology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Marijana Vujković
- Department of Medicine, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kyong-Mi Chang
- Department of Medicine, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Reyes-Avendaño I, Villaseñor-Altamirano AB, Reyes-Jimenez E, Velazquez-Enriquez JM, Baltiérrez-Hoyos R, Piña-Vázquez C, Muriel P, Villa-Treviño S, Arellanes-Robledo J, Vásquez-Garzón VR. Identification of key markers for the stages of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: An integrated bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation. Dig Liver Dis 2024:S1590-8658(24)00767-9. [PMID: 38824040 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2024.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The identification of biomarkers for the early diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is urgently needed. Here, we aimed to identify NAFLD biomarkers in the early stages of steatosis (SS) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) based on differential gene expression from bioinformatics data. METHODS A meta-analysis was performed from transcriptomic databases retrieved from public repositories containing data from biopsies of patients at various stages of NAFLD development. The status of the selected molecules was validated in the serum of patients with NAFLD by ELISA. RESULTS We identified 121 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with SS and 402 associated with NASH. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment revealed that the altered genes were primarily associated with dysfunction of primary cellular processes, and pathway analyses were mainly related to cholesterol metabolism. We identified ACSS2, PCSK9, and CYP7A1 as candidate biomarkers for SS and ANGPTL3, CD36, CYP51A1, FASN, FAS, FDFT1, and LSS as candidate biomarkers for NASH. CONCLUSIONS By experimental validation of bioinformatics data from patients with NAFLD, we identified promising biomarkers for detecting SS and NASH that might be useful for screening and diagnosing early NAFLD stages in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Itayetzi Reyes-Avendaño
- Laboratorio de Fibrosis y Cáncer, Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Ex Hacienda de Aguilera S/N, Sur, San Felipe del Agua 68020, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Ana Beatriz Villaseñor-Altamirano
- International Laboratory for Human Genome Research, Laboratorio Internacional de Investigación sobre el Genoma Humano (LIIGH), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), 3001 Boulevard Juriquilla 76230, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Edilburga Reyes-Jimenez
- Laboratorio de Fibrosis y Cáncer, Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Ex Hacienda de Aguilera S/N, Sur, San Felipe del Agua 68020, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Juan Manuel Velazquez-Enriquez
- Laboratorio de Fibrosis y Cáncer, Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Ex Hacienda de Aguilera S/N, Sur, San Felipe del Agua 68020, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Rafael Baltiérrez-Hoyos
- Laboratorio de Fibrosis y Cáncer, Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Ex Hacienda de Aguilera S/N, Sur, San Felipe del Agua 68020, Oaxaca, Mexico; CONAHCYT-Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Ex Hacienda de Aguilera S/N, Sur, San Felipe del Agua 68020, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Carolina Piña-Vázquez
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico
| | - Pablo Muriel
- Laboratorio de Hepatología Experimental, Departamento de Farmacología, Cinvestav-IPN, 07360 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Saul Villa-Treviño
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico
| | - Jaime Arellanes-Robledo
- CONAHCYT-Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Laboratorio de Enfermedades Hepáticas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Periférico Sur No. 4809, Col. Arenal Tepepan, Alcaldía Tlalpan 14610 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Verónica Rocío Vásquez-Garzón
- Laboratorio de Fibrosis y Cáncer, Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Ex Hacienda de Aguilera S/N, Sur, San Felipe del Agua 68020, Oaxaca, Mexico; CONAHCYT-Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Ex Hacienda de Aguilera S/N, Sur, San Felipe del Agua 68020, Oaxaca, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yan Q, Blue NR, Truong B, Zhang Y, Guerrero RF, Liu N, Honigberg MC, Parry S, McNeil RB, Simhan HN, Chung J, Mercer BM, Grobman WA, Silver R, Greenland P, Saade GR, Reddy UM, Wapner RJ, Haas DM. Genetic Associations with Placental Proteins in Maternal Serum Identify Biomarkers for Hypertension in Pregnancy. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2023.05.25.23290460. [PMID: 37398343 PMCID: PMC10312829 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.25.23290460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Preeclampsia is a complex syndrome that accounts for considerable maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Despite its prevalence, no effective disease-modifying therapies are available. Maternal serum placenta-derived proteins have been in longstanding use as markers of risk for aneuploidy and placental dysfunction, but whether they have a causal contribution to preeclampsia is unknown. Objective We aimed to investigate the genetic regulation of serum placental proteins in early pregnancy and their potential causal links with preeclampsia and gestational hypertension. Study design This study used a nested case-control design with nulliparous women enrolled in the nuMoM2b study from eight clinical sites across the United States between 2010 and 2013. The first- and second-trimester serum samples were collected, and nine proteins were measured, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), placental growth factor, endoglin, soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 12 (ADAM-12), pregnancy-associated plasma protein A, free beta-human chorionic gonadotropin, inhibin A, and alpha-fetoprotein. This study used genome-wide association studies to discern genetic influences on these protein levels, treating proteins as outcomes. Furthermore, Mendelian randomization was used to evaluate the causal effects of these proteins on preeclampsia and gestational hypertension, and their further causal relationship with long-term hypertension, treating proteins as exposures. Results A total of 2,352 participants were analyzed. We discovered significant associations between the pregnancy zone protein locus and concentrations of ADAM-12 (rs6487735, P= 3.03×10 -22 ), as well as between the vascular endothelial growth factor A locus and concentrations of both VEGF (rs6921438, P= 7.94×10 -30 ) and sFlt-1 (rs4349809, P= 2.89×10 -12 ). Our Mendelian randomization analyses suggested a potential causal association between first-trimester ADAM-12 levels and gestational hypertension (odds ratio=0.78, P= 8.6×10 -4 ). We also found evidence for a potential causal effect of preeclampsia (odds ratio=1.75, P =8.3×10 -3 ) and gestational hypertension (odds ratio=1.84, P =4.7×10 -3 ) during the index pregnancy on the onset of hypertension 2-7 years later. The additional mediation analysis indicated that the impact of ADAM-12 on postpartum hypertension could be explained in part by its indirect effect through gestational hypertension (mediated effect=-0.15, P= 0.03). Conclusions Our study discovered significant genetic associations with placental proteins ADAM-12, VEGF, and sFlt-1, offering insights into their regulation during pregnancy. Mendelian randomization analyses demonstrated evidence of potential causal relationships between the serum levels of placental proteins, particularly ADAM-12, and gestational hypertension, potentially informing future prevention and treatment investigations.
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu M, Park S. The Role of PNPLA3_rs738409 Gene Variant, Lifestyle Factors, and Bioactive Compounds in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Population-Based and Molecular Approach towards Healthy Nutrition. Nutrients 2024; 16:1239. [PMID: 38674929 PMCID: PMC11054963 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the impact of a common non-synonymous gene variant (C>G, rs738409) in patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3 (PNPLA3), leading to the substitution of isoleucine with methionine at position 148 (PNPLA3-I148M), on susceptibility to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and explore potential therapeutic nutritional strategies targeting PNPLA3. It contributed to understanding sustainable dietary practices for managing NAFLD, recently referred to as metabolic-dysfunction-associated fatty liver. NAFLD had been diagnosed by ultrasound in a metropolitan hospital-based cohort comprising 58,701 middle-aged and older Korean individuals, identifying 2089 NAFLD patients. The interaction between PNPLA3 and lifestyle factors was investigated. In silico analyses, including virtual screening, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations, were conducted to identify bioactive compounds from foods targeting PNPLA3(I148M). Subsequent cellular experiments involved treating oleic acid (OA)-exposed HepG2 cells with selected bioactive compounds, both in the absence and presence of compound C (AMPK inhibitor), targeting PNPLA3 expression. Carriers of the risk allele PNPLA3_rs738409G showed an increased association with NAFLD risk, particularly with adherence to a plant-based diet, avoidance of a Western-style diet, and smoking. Delphinidin 3-caffeoyl-glucoside, pyranocyanin A, delta-viniferin, kaempferol-7-glucoside, and petunidin 3-rutinoside emerged as potential binders to the active site residues of PNPLA3, exhibiting a reduction in binding energy. These compounds demonstrated a dose-dependent reduction in intracellular triglyceride and lipid peroxide levels in HepG2 cells, while pretreatment with compound C showed the opposite trend. Kaempferol-7-glucoside and petunidin-3-rutinoside showed potential as inhibitors of PNPLA3 expression by enhancing AMPK activity, ultimately reducing intrahepatic lipogenesis. In conclusion, there is potential for plant-based diets and specific bioactive compounds to promote sustainable dietary practices to mitigate NAFLD risk, especially in individuals with genetic predispositions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Institute of Science and Technology, Jincheng 048000, China;
| | - Sunmin Park
- Department of Bioconvergence, Hoseo University, Asan 31499, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Institute of Basic Science, Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan 31499, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yang Z, Danzeng A, Liu Q, Zeng C, Xu L, Mo J, Pingcuo C, Wang X, Wang C, Zhang B, Zhang B. The Role of Nuclear Receptors in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:113-126. [PMID: 38164174 PMCID: PMC10750283 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.87305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global health burden closely linked to insulin resistance, obesity, and type 2 diabetes. The complex pathophysiology of NAFLD involves multiple cellular pathways and molecular factors. Nuclear receptors (NRs) have emerged as crucial regulators of lipid metabolism and inflammation in NAFLD, offering potential therapeutic targets for NAFLD. Targeting PPARs and FXRs has shown promise in ameliorating NAFLD symptoms and halting disease progression. However, further investigation is needed to address side effects and personalize therapy approaches. This review summarizes the current understanding of the involvement of NRs in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and explores their therapeutic potential. We discuss the role of several NRs in modulating lipid homeostasis in the liver, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), liver X receptors (LXRs), farnesoid X receptors (FXRs), REV-ERB, hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α), constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) and pregnane X receptor (PXR).The expanding knowledge of NRs in NAFLD offers new avenues for targeted therapies, necessitating exploration of novel treatment strategies and optimization of existing approaches to combat this increasingly prevalent disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Yang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Awang Danzeng
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qiumeng Liu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Chenglong Zeng
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jie Mo
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ciren Pingcuo
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonostic Infectious Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Bixiang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Binhao Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Jiang Y, Zhang Y, Ju C, Zhang R, Li H, Chen F, Zhu Y, Shen S, Wei Y. A cross-disorder study to identify causal relationships, shared genetic variants, and genes across 21 digestive disorders. iScience 2023; 26:108238. [PMID: 37965154 PMCID: PMC10641500 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Digestive disorders are a significant contributor to the global burden of disease and seriously affect human quality of life. Research has already confirmed the presence of pleiotropic genetic loci among digestive disorders, and studies have explored shared genetic factors among pan-cancers, including various malignant digestive disorders. However, most cross-phenotype studies within the digestive tract system have been limited to a few traits, with no systematic coverage of common benign and malignant digestive disorders. Here, we analyzed data from the UK Biobank to investigate 21 digestive disorders, exploring the genetic correlations and causal relationships between diseases, as well as the common genetic factors and potential biological pathways driving these relationships. Our findings confirmed the extensive genetic correlation and causal relationship between digestive disorders, providing important insights into the genetic etiology, causality, disease prevention, and clinical treatment of diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Jiang
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yihong Zhang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China
| | - Can Ju
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Center of Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Ruyang Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Center of Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Center of Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yefei Zhu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China
| | - Sipeng Shen
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Center of Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yongyue Wei
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Malucelli M, Strobel R, Ivantes C, Sakamoto D, Luís Duarte M, Lucia Alves Pedroso M. Histological findings and NAFLD/NASH Status in liver biopsies of patients subjected to bariatric surgery. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2023; 68:e220138. [PMID: 37948562 PMCID: PMC10916797 DOI: 10.20945/2359-4292-2022-0138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Objective To investigate nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and hepatic fibrosis in biopsies of people with obesity who underwent bariatric surgery and examine the possible association of different variables with a diagnosis of NAFLD and NASH. Materials and methods Epidemiological, clinical and laboratory data from 574 individuals with obesity of both genders seen by the same physician between 2003 and 2009 who had a liver biopsy during bariatric surgery were examined. Results Of the 437 patients included, 39.8% had some degree of liver fibrosis, 95% had a histologic diagnosis of NAFLD, and the risk factors were age ≥ 28 years and Homeostatic Model Assessment (HOMA) ≥ 2.5 (p = 0.001 and p = 0.016, respectively). In the NAFLD group, NASH was present in 26% of patients and the associated factors were aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase index (AST/ALT) > 1, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) < 40 mg/dL, total cholesterol (TC) ≥ 200 mg/dL, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) > 38 U/L and triglycerides (TG) levels > 150 mg/dL. The independent risk factors were low HDL-c, elevated AST/ALT and high TG. Conclusion The variables associated with a diagnosis of NAFLD were HOMA ≥ 2.5 and age ≥ 28 years. NASH was associated with low HDL-c, high TG and AST/ALT ≤ 1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marielle Malucelli
- Departamento de Pós-graduação em Medicina Interna, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brasil,
| | - Rodrigo Strobel
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
| | | | | | - Márcio Luís Duarte
- Departamento de Radiologia, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto Campus Guarujá, Guarujá, SP, Brasil
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Seko Y, Yamaguchi K, Shima T, Iwaki M, Takahashi H, Kawanaka M, Tanaka S, Mitsumoto Y, Yoneda M, Nakajima A, Fjellström O, Blau JE, Carlsson B, Okanoue T, Itoh Y. The greater impact of PNPLA3 polymorphism on liver-related events in Japanese non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients: A multicentre cohort study. Liver Int 2023; 43:2210-2219. [PMID: 37470077 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS PNPLA3 rs738409 has been associated with an increased risk of liver-related events in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this study, we investigated the epidemiology of NAFLD and the impact of PNPLA3 on prognosis in Japan. METHODS A longitudinal multicentre cohort study, the JAGUAR study, includes 1550 patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD in Japan. We performed genetic testing and evaluated outcomes from this cohort. Liver-related events were defined as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and decompensated liver cirrhosis events. RESULTS During follow-up (median [range], 7.1 [1.0-24.0] years), 80 patients developed HCC, 104 developed liver-related events, and 59 died of any cause. The 5-year rate of liver-related events for each single-nucleotide polymorphism was 0.5% for CC, 3.8% for CG, and 5.8% for GG. Liver-related deaths were the most common (n = 28); only three deaths were due to cardiovascular disease. Multivariate analysis identified carriage of PNPLA3 CG/GG (hazard ratio [HR] 16.04, p = .006) and FIB-4 index >2.67 (HR 10.70, p < .01) as predictors of liver-related event development. No HCC or liver-related death was found among patients with PNPLA3 CC. There was a significantly increased risk of HCC, liver-related events, and mortality for CG/GG versus CC, but no difference between the CG and GG genotypes. CONCLUSIONS In Japanese individuals, the main cause of death from NAFLD is liver-related death. The greater risk of liver-related events incurred by PNPLA3 G allele was shown in Japan. Risk stratification for NAFLD in Japan is best accomplished by integrating PNPLA3 with the FIB-4 index.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Seko
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kanji Yamaguchi
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshihide Shima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Saiseikai Suita Hospital, Suita, Japan
| | - Michihiro Iwaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Miwa Kawanaka
- General Internal Medicine 2, General Medical Center, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Saiyu Tanaka
- Center for Digestive and Liver Diseases, Nara City Hospital, Nara, Japan
| | - Yasuhide Mitsumoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Saiseikai Suita Hospital, Suita, Japan
| | - Masato Yoneda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakajima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ola Fjellström
- Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jenny E Blau
- Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Björn Carlsson
- Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Takeshi Okanoue
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Saiseikai Suita Hospital, Suita, Japan
| | - Yoshito Itoh
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chen Y, Du X, Kuppa A, Feitosa MF, Bielak LF, O'Connell JR, Musani SK, Guo X, Kahali B, Chen VL, Smith AV, Ryan KA, Eirksdottir G, Allison MA, Bowden DW, Budoff MJ, Carr JJ, Chen YDI, Taylor KD, Oliveri A, Correa A, Crudup BF, Kardia SLR, Mosley TH, Norris JM, Terry JG, Rotter JI, Wagenknecht LE, Halligan BD, Young KA, Hokanson JE, Washko GR, Gudnason V, Province MA, Peyser PA, Palmer ND, Speliotes EK. Genome-wide association meta-analysis identifies 17 loci associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Nat Genet 2023; 55:1640-1650. [PMID: 37709864 PMCID: PMC10918428 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01497-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is common and partially heritable and has no effective treatments. We carried out a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis of imaging (n = 66,814) and diagnostic code (3,584 cases versus 621,081 controls) measured NAFLD across diverse ancestries. We identified NAFLD-associated variants at torsin family 1 member B (TOR1B), fat mass and obesity associated (FTO), cordon-bleu WH2 repeat protein like 1 (COBLL1)/growth factor receptor-bound protein 14 (GRB14), insulin receptor (INSR), sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1 (SREBF1) and patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 2 (PNPLA2), as well as validated NAFLD-associated variants at patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3), transmembrane 6 superfamily 2 (TM6SF2), apolipoprotein E (APOE), glucokinase regulator (GCKR), tribbles homolog 1 (TRIB1), glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAM), mitochondrial amidoxime-reducing component 1 (MARC1), microsomal triglyceride transfer protein large subunit (MTTP), alcohol dehydrogenase 1B (ADH1B), transmembrane channel like 4 (TMC4)/membrane-bound O-acyltransferase domain containing 7 (MBOAT7) and receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase δ (PTPRD). Implicated genes highlight mitochondrial, cholesterol and de novo lipogenesis as causally contributing to NAFLD predisposition. Phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) analyses suggest at least seven subtypes of NAFLD. Individuals in the top 10% and 1% of genetic risk have a 2.5-fold to 6-fold increased risk of NAFLD, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. These genetic variants identify subtypes of NAFLD, improve estimates of disease risk and can guide the development of targeted therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xiaomeng Du
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Annapurna Kuppa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mary F Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jeffrey R O'Connell
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Maryland - Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Solomon K Musani
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Bratati Kahali
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Vincent L Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Albert V Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kathleen A Ryan
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Maryland - Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Matthew A Allison
- Department of Family Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Matthew J Budoff
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - John Jeffrey Carr
- Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yii-Der I Chen
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Antonino Oliveri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Breland F Crudup
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Thomas H Mosley
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Jill M Norris
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - James G Terry
- Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Lynne E Wagenknecht
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Brian D Halligan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kendra A Young
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - John E Hokanson
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - George R Washko
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Department of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Michael A Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nicholette D Palmer
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Elizabeth K Speliotes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Patel AH, Peddu D, Amin S, Elsaid MI, Minacapelli CD, Chandler TM, Catalano C, Rustgi VK. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Lean/Nonobese and Obese Individuals: A Comprehensive Review on Prevalence, Pathogenesis, Clinical Outcomes, and Treatment. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2023; 11:502-515. [PMID: 36643037 PMCID: PMC9817050 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2022.00204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease worldwide, with an estimated prevalence of 25% globally. NAFLD is closely associated with metabolic syndrome, which are both becoming increasingly more common with increasing rates of insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Although NAFLD is strongly associated with obesity, lean or nonobese NAFLD is a relatively new phenotype and occurs in patients without increased waist circumference and with or without visceral fat. Currently, there is limited literature comparing and illustrating the differences between lean/nonobese and obese NAFLD patients with regard to risk factors, pathophysiology, and clinical outcomes. In this review, we aim to define and further delineate different phenotypes of NAFLD and present a comprehensive review on the prevalence, incidence, risk factors, genetic predisposition, and pathophysiology. Furthermore, we discuss and compare the clinical outcomes, such as insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hypertension, coronary artery disease, mortality, and progression to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, among lean/nonobese and obese NAFLD patients. Finally, we summarize the most up to date current management of NAFLD, including lifestyle interventions, pharmacologic therapies, and surgical options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ankoor H. Patel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Center for Liver Diseases and Masses, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Dhiraj Peddu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Center for Liver Diseases and Masses, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Sahil Amin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Center for Liver Diseases and Masses, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Mohamed I. Elsaid
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Secondary Data Core, Center for Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Carlos D. Minacapelli
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Center for Liver Diseases and Masses, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Toni-Marie Chandler
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Center for Liver Diseases and Masses, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Carolyn Catalano
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Center for Liver Diseases and Masses, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Vinod K. Rustgi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Center for Liver Diseases and Masses, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Yamamoto R, Takeshita Y, Tsujiguchi H, Kannon T, Sato T, Hosomichi K, Suzuki K, Kita Y, Tanaka T, Goto H, Nakano Y, Yamashita T, Kaneko S, Tajima A, Nakamura H, Takamura T. Nutrigenetic interaction between apolipoprotein C3 polymorphism and fat intake in people with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Curr Dev Nutr 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2023.100051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
|
18
|
Luukkonen PK, Färkkilä M, Jula A, Salomaa V, Männistö S, Lundqvist A, Perola M, Åberg F. Abdominal obesity and alcohol use modify the impact of genetic risk for incident advanced liver disease in the general population. Liver Int 2023; 43:1035-1045. [PMID: 36843445 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Genetic variants, abdominal obesity and alcohol use are risk factors for incident liver disease (ILD). We aimed to study whether variants either alone or when aggregated into genetic risk scores (GRSs) associate with ILD, and whether waist-hip ratio (WHR) or alcohol use interacts with this risk. METHODS Our study included 33 770 persons (mean age 50 years, 47% men) who participated in health-examination surveys (FINRISK 1992-2012 or Health 2000) with data on alcohol use, WHR and 63 genotypes associated with liver disease. Data were linked with national health registers for liver-related outcomes (hospitalizations, malignancies and death). Exclusions were baseline clinical liver disease. Mean follow-up time was 12.2 years. Cox regression analyses between variants and ILD were adjusted for age, sex and BMI. RESULTS Variants in PNPLA3, IFNL4, TM6SF2, FDFT1, PPP1R3B, SERPINA1 and HSD17B13 were associated with ILD. GRSs calculated from these variants were not associated with WHR or alcohol use, but were exponentially associated with ILD (up to 25-fold higher risk in high versus low score). The risk of ILD in individuals with high GRS and high WHR or alcohol use compared with those with none of these risk factors was increased by up to 90-fold. GRSs provided new prognostic information particularly in individuals with high WHR. CONCLUSIONS The effect of multiple genetic variants on the risk of ILD is potentiated by abdominal obesity and alcohol use. Simple GRSs may help to identify individuals with adverse lifestyle who are at a particularly high risk of ILD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panu K Luukkonen
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland.,Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Martti Färkkilä
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Helsinki University, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Jula
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Satu Männistö
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Markus Perola
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Fredrik Åberg
- Transplantation and Liver Surgery Clinic, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gawrieh S, Karns R, Kleiner DE, Olivier M, Jenkins T, Inge TH, Chalasani NP, Xanthakos S. Comparative Analysis of Global Hepatic Gene Expression in Adolescents and Adults with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. ARCHIVES OF CLINICAL AND BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH 2023; 7:112-119. [PMID: 37583647 PMCID: PMC10426795 DOI: 10.26502/acbr.50170323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Introduction To gain insights into the mechanisms underlying distinct nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) histological phenotypes between children and adults, we compared hepatic gene expression profiles associated with NAFLD phenotypes between the two age groups. Methods Histological characteristics of intra-operative liver biopsies from adolescents and adults undergoing bariatric surgery were assessed by the same pathologist using the non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) Clinical Research Network scoring system. Hepatic gene expression was measured by microarray analysis. Transcriptomic signatures of histological phenotypes between the two groups were compared, with significance defined as p-value <0.05 and a fold change >1.5. Results In 67 adolescents and 76 adults, distribution of histological phenotypes was: not-NAFLD (controls) 51% vs 39%, NAFL 39% vs 37%, and NASH 10% vs 24%, respectively. There were 279 differentially expressed genes in adolescents and 213 in adults with NAFLD vs controls. In adolescents, transcriptomes for NAFL vs controls, and borderline vs definite NASH were undifferentiable, whereas in adults, NAFL and borderline NASH demonstrated a transcriptomic gradient between controls and definite NASH. When applied to adolescents, significant adult genes discriminated borderline and definite NASH from control and NAFL, but the majority of significant pediatric genes were not portable to adults. Genes associated with NASH in adolescents and adults showed some ontological consistency but notable differences. Conclusions There is some similarity but major differences in the transcriptomic profiles associated with NAFLD between adolescents and adults with severe obesity. These data suggest different mechanisms contribute to the pathogenesis of NAFLD severity at different stages in life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samer Gawrieh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Rebekah Karns
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - David E Kleiner
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael Olivier
- Center for Precision Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine - Section of Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Todd Jenkins
- Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Thomas H Inge
- Department of Surgery, Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, and Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Naga P Chalasani
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Stavra Xanthakos
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Benegiamo G, von Alvensleben GV, Rodríguez-López S, Goeminne LJ, Bachmann AM, Morel JD, Broeckx E, Ma JY, Carreira V, Youssef SA, Azhar N, Reilly DF, D’Aquino K, Mullican S, Bou-Sleiman M, Auwerx J. The genetic background shapes the susceptibility to mitochondrial dysfunction and NASH progression. J Exp Med 2023; 220:213867. [PMID: 36787127 PMCID: PMC9960245 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20221738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a global health concern without treatment. The challenge in finding effective therapies is due to the lack of good mouse models and the complexity of the disease, characterized by gene-environment interactions. We tested the susceptibility of seven mouse strains to develop NASH. The severity of the clinical phenotypes observed varied widely across strains. PWK/PhJ mice were the most prone to develop hepatic inflammation and the only strain to progress to NASH with extensive fibrosis, while CAST/EiJ mice were completely resistant. Levels of mitochondrial transcripts and proteins as well as mitochondrial function were robustly reduced specifically in the liver of PWK/PhJ mice, suggesting a central role of mitochondrial dysfunction in NASH progression. Importantly, the NASH gene expression profile of PWK/PhJ mice had the highest overlap with the human NASH signature. Our study exposes the limitations of using a single mouse genetic background in metabolic studies and describes a novel NASH mouse model with features of the human NASH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Benegiamo
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland,Giorgia Benegiamo:
| | | | - Sandra Rodríguez-López
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ludger J.E. Goeminne
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexis M. Bachmann
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-David Morel
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ellen Broeckx
- Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Raritan, NJ, USA
| | - Jing Ying Ma
- Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Raritan, NJ, USA
| | | | | | - Nabil Azhar
- Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Raritan, NJ, USA
| | | | | | | | - Maroun Bou-Sleiman
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland,Correspondence to Johan Auwerx:
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Han SK, Baik SK, Kim MY. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Definition and subtypes. Clin Mol Hepatol 2023; 29:S5-S16. [PMID: 36577427 PMCID: PMC10029964 DOI: 10.3350/cmh.2022.0424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common liver diseases worldwide, with a global prevalence of approximately 30%. However, the prevalence of NAFLD has been variously reported depending on the comorbidities. The rising prevalence of obesity in both the adult and pediatric populations is projected to consequently continue increasing NAFLD prevalence. It is a major cause of chronic liver disease worldwide, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). NAFLD has a variety of clinical phenotypes and heterogeneity due to the complexity of pathogenesis and clinical conditions of its occurrence, resulting in various clinical prognoses. In this article, we briefly described the basic definition of NAFLD and classified the subtypes based on current knowledge in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seul Ki Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
- Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering Center, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Soon Koo Baik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
- Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering Center, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Moon Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
- Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering Center, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Hayat U, Siddiqui AA, Farhan ML, Haris A, Hameed N. Genome Editing and Fatty Liver. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1396:191-206. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-5642-3_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
|
23
|
Kim C, Hong KW, Park DH, Chun S, Oh S, Park Y, Kim K, Choi SW, Jo H. Lung- and liver-dominant phenotypes of Korean eight constitution medicine have different profiles of genotype associated with each organ function. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15459. [PMID: 36065883 PMCID: PMC9446411 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Eight Constitution Medicine (ECM), a ramification of traditional Korean medicine, has categorized people into eight constitutions. The main criteria of classification are inherited differences or predominance in the functions of organs, such as the liver or lung, diagnosed through ECM-specific pulse patterns. This study investigated the association between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes and ECM phenotypes and explored candidate genetic makeups responsible for each constitution using a genome-wide association study (GWAS). Sixty-three healthy volunteers, who were either categorized as the Hepatonia (HEP, n = 32) or Pulmotonia (PUL, n = 31) constitution, were enrolled. HEP and PUL are two contrasting ECM types representing the dominant liver and lung phenotypes, respectively. SNPs were analyzed from the oral mucosa DNA using a commercially available microarray chip that can identify 820,000 SNPs. We conducted GWAS using logistic regression analysis and additive mode genotypes and constructed phylogenetic trees using the SNPhylo program with 8 SNPs specific for the liver phenotype and 15 SNPs for the lung phenotype. Although genome-wide significant SNPs were not found, the phylogenetic tree showed a clear difference between the two constitutions. This is the first observation suggesting genetic involvement in the ECM and can be extended to all ECM constitutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changkeun Kim
- Chaum Life Center, CHA University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- John Eight Constitution Medical Clinic, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Da-Hyun Park
- Theragen Bio Co. Ltd., Suwon-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukyung Chun
- Chaum Life Center, CHA University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sooyeon Oh
- Chaum Life Center, CHA University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngji Park
- Chaum Life Center, CHA University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Sang-Woon Choi
- Chaum Life Center, CHA University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Heejin Jo
- Chaum Life Center, CHA University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Vujkovic M, Ramdas S, Lorenz KM, Guo X, Darlay R, Cordell HJ, He J, Gindin Y, Chung C, Myers RP, Schneider CV, Park J, Lee KM, Serper M, Carr RM, Kaplan DE, Haas ME, MacLean MT, Witschey WR, Zhu X, Tcheandjieu C, Kember RL, Kranzler HR, Verma A, Giri A, Klarin DM, Sun YV, Huang J, Huffman JE, Creasy KT, Hand NJ, Liu CT, Long MT, Yao J, Budoff M, Tan J, Li X, Lin HJ, Chen YDI, Taylor KD, Chang RK, Krauss RM, Vilarinho S, Brancale J, Nielsen JB, Locke AE, Jones MB, Verweij N, Baras A, Reddy KR, Neuschwander-Tetri BA, Schwimmer JB, Sanyal AJ, Chalasani N, Ryan KA, Mitchell BD, Gill D, Wells AD, Manduchi E, Saiman Y, Mahmud N, Miller DR, Reaven PD, Phillips LS, Muralidhar S, DuVall SL, Lee JS, Assimes TL, Pyarajan S, Cho K, Edwards TL, Damrauer SM, Wilson PW, Gaziano JM, O'Donnell CJ, Khera AV, Grant SFA, Brown CD, Tsao PS, Saleheen D, Lotta LA, Bastarache L, Anstee QM, Daly AK, Meigs JB, Rotter JI, Lynch JA, Rader DJ, Voight BF, Chang KM. A multiancestry genome-wide association study of unexplained chronic ALT elevation as a proxy for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with histological and radiological validation. Nat Genet 2022; 54:761-771. [PMID: 35654975 PMCID: PMC10024253 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-022-01078-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing cause of chronic liver disease. Using a proxy NAFLD definition of chronic elevation of alanine aminotransferase (cALT) levels without other liver diseases, we performed a multiancestry genome-wide association study (GWAS) in the Million Veteran Program (MVP) including 90,408 cALT cases and 128,187 controls. Seventy-seven loci exceeded genome-wide significance, including 25 without prior NAFLD or alanine aminotransferase associations, with one additional locus identified in European American-only and two in African American-only analyses (P < 5 × 10-8). External replication in histology-defined NAFLD cohorts (7,397 cases and 56,785 controls) or radiologic imaging cohorts (n = 44,289) replicated 17 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (P < 6.5 × 10-4), of which 9 were new (TRIB1, PPARG, MTTP, SERPINA1, FTO, IL1RN, COBLL1, APOH and IFI30). Pleiotropy analysis showed that 61 of 77 multiancestry and all 17 replicated SNPs were jointly associated with metabolic and/or inflammatory traits, revealing a complex model of genetic architecture. Our approach integrating cALT, histology and imaging reveals new insights into genetic liability to NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marijana Vujkovic
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shweta Ramdas
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kim M Lorenz
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca Darlay
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Heather J Cordell
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jing He
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | | | - Robert P Myers
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
- The Liver Company, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Carolin V Schneider
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joseph Park
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kyung Min Lee
- VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Marina Serper
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rotonya M Carr
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David E Kaplan
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mary E Haas
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Matthew T MacLean
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Walter R Witschey
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xiang Zhu
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Statistics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Department of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Catherine Tcheandjieu
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Rachel L Kember
- Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Henry R Kranzler
- Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anurag Verma
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ayush Giri
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Derek M Klarin
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yan V Sun
- Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jie Huang
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | | | - Kate Townsend Creasy
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nicholas J Hand
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michelle T Long
- Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jie Yao
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Matthew Budoff
- Department of Cardiology, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Jingyi Tan
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Xiaohui Li
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Henry J Lin
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Ruey-Kang Chang
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Ronald M Krauss
- Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Silvia Vilarinho
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, and Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Joseph Brancale
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, and Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Aris Baras
- Regeneron Genetics Center, Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - K Rajender Reddy
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey B Schwimmer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Arun J Sanyal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Naga Chalasani
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kathleen A Ryan
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Braxton D Mitchell
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dipender Gill
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew D Wells
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elisabetta Manduchi
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yedidya Saiman
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hepatology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Temple University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nadim Mahmud
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Donald R Miller
- Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research, Bedford VA Healthcare System, Bedford, MA, USA
- Center for Population Health, Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, USA
| | - Peter D Reaven
- Phoenix VA Health Care System, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Lawrence S Phillips
- Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sumitra Muralidhar
- Office of Research and Development, Veterans Health Administration, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Scott L DuVall
- VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jennifer S Lee
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Themistocles L Assimes
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Saiju Pyarajan
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kelly Cho
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Todd L Edwards
- Nashville VA Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Scott M Damrauer
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Peter W Wilson
- Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - J Michael Gaziano
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christopher J O'Donnell
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amit V Khera
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Struan F A Grant
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christopher D Brown
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Philip S Tsao
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Danish Saleheen
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Cardiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
| | | | - Lisa Bastarache
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Quentin M Anstee
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Newcastle NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ann K Daly
- Newcastle NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - James B Meigs
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Julie A Lynch
- VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, USA
| | - Daniel J Rader
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Benjamin F Voight
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Kyong-Mi Chang
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Xue WY, Zhang L, Liu CM, Gao Y, Li SJ, Huai ZY, Dai J, Wang YY. Research progress on the relationship between TM6SF2 rs58542926 polymorphism and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 16:97-107. [PMID: 35057689 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2022.2032661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is a common liver disease with a global average prevalence of about 25%. In addition to the incidence of NAFLD being related to obesity, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, etc., genetic factors also have an important impact on the incidence of NAFLD. AREAS COVERED Current experimental results and clinical studies show that the transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 (TM6SF2) gene plays an important role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. The research on genetic polymorphism of TM6SF2 gene mainly focuses on rs58542926 locus (rs58542926 c.449 C > T, p. Glu167Lys, E167K). The Mutations of this site might increase the risk of NAFLD in carriers. EXPERT OPINION The mutation of this site causes the disorder of triglyceride metabolism in the liver, which leads to the deposition of a large amount of lipids in the liver, and further induces the incidence of NAFLD. With the study of the mechanism of TM6SF2 gene polymorphism in the pathogenesis of NAFLD, it is helpful to understand the molecular mechanism of the pathogenesis of NAFLD, which has a great value for the treatment of NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Ying Xue
- School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Chuan-Miao Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Yu Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Shu-Jing Li
- School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Zi-You Huai
- School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Jing Dai
- School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Fairfield CJ, Drake TM, Pius R, Bretherick AD, Campbell A, Clark DW, Fallowfield JA, Hayward C, Henderson NC, Joshi PK, Mills NL, Porteous DJ, Ramachandran P, Semple RK, Shaw CA, Sudlow CL, Timmers PR, Wilson JF, Wigmore SJ, Harrison EM, Spiliopoulou A. Genome-Wide Association Study of NAFLD Using Electronic Health Records. Hepatol Commun 2022; 6:297-308. [PMID: 34535985 PMCID: PMC8793997 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified several risk loci for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Previous studies have largely relied on small sample sizes and have assessed quantitative traits. We performed a case-control GWAS in the UK Biobank using recorded diagnosis of NAFLD based on diagnostic codes recommended in recent consensus guidelines. We performed a GWAS of 4,761 cases of NAFLD and 373,227 healthy controls without evidence of NAFLD. Sensitivity analyses were performed excluding other co-existing hepatic pathology, adjusting for body mass index (BMI) and adjusting for alcohol intake. A total of 9,723,654 variants were assessed by logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, genetic principal components, and genotyping batch. We performed a GWAS meta-analysis using available summary association statistics. Six risk loci were identified (P < 5*10-8 ) (apolipoprotein E [APOE], patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 3 [PNPLA3, transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 [TM6SF2], glucokinase regulator [GCKR], mitochondrial amidoxime reducing component 1 [MARC1], and tribbles pseudokinase 1 [TRIB1]). All loci retained significance in sensitivity analyses without co-existent hepatic pathology and after adjustment for BMI. PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 remained significant after adjustment for alcohol (alcohol intake was known in only 158,388 individuals), with others demonstrating consistent direction and magnitude of effect. All six loci were significant on meta-analysis. Rs429358 (P = 2.17*10-11 ) is a missense variant within the APOE gene determining ϵ4 versus ϵ2/ϵ3 alleles. The ϵ4 allele of APOE offered protection against NAFLD (odds ratio for heterozygotes 0.84 [95% confidence interval 0.78-0.90] and homozygotes 0.64 [0.50-0.79]). Conclusion: This GWAS replicates six known NAFLD-susceptibility loci and confirms that the ϵ4 allele of APOE is associated with protection against NAFLD. The results are consistent with published GWAS using histological and radiological measures of NAFLD, confirming that NAFLD identified through diagnostic codes from consensus guidelines is a valid alternative to more invasive and costly approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cameron J. Fairfield
- Centre for Medical InformaticsUsher InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghScotland
| | - Thomas M. Drake
- Centre for Medical InformaticsUsher InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghScotland
| | - Riinu Pius
- Centre for Medical InformaticsUsher InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghScotland
| | - Andrew D. Bretherick
- MRC Human Genetics UnitInstitute of Genetics and CancerUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghScotland
| | - Archie Campbell
- Centre for Medical InformaticsUsher InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghScotland
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental MedicineInstitute of Genetics & Molecular MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghScotland
- Health Data Research UKUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghScotland
| | - David W. Clark
- Centre for Global Health ResearchUsher InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdingburghScotland
| | - Jonathan A. Fallowfield
- Centre for Inflammation ResearchQueen’s Medical Research InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdingburghScotland
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics UnitInstitute of Genetics and CancerUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghScotland
| | - Neil C. Henderson
- Centre for Inflammation ResearchQueen’s Medical Research InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdingburghScotland
| | - Peter K. Joshi
- Centre for Global Health ResearchUsher InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdingburghScotland
| | - Nicholas L. Mills
- Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceQueen’s Medical Research InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdingburghScotland
| | - David J. Porteous
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental MedicineInstitute of Genetics & Molecular MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghScotland
| | - Prakash Ramachandran
- Centre for Inflammation ResearchQueen’s Medical Research InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdingburghScotland
| | - Robert K. Semple
- Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceQueen’s Medical Research InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdingburghScotland
| | - Catherine A. Shaw
- Centre for Medical InformaticsUsher InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghScotland
| | - Cathie L.M. Sudlow
- Centre for Medical InformaticsUsher InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghScotland
| | - Paul R.H.J. Timmers
- MRC Human Genetics UnitInstitute of Genetics and CancerUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghScotland
- Centre for Global Health ResearchUsher InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdingburghScotland
| | - James F. Wilson
- MRC Human Genetics UnitInstitute of Genetics and CancerUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghScotland
- Centre for Global Health ResearchUsher InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdingburghScotland
| | - Stephen J. Wigmore
- Department of Clinical SurgeryDivision of Health SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdingburghScotland
| | - Ewen M. Harrison
- Centre for Medical InformaticsUsher InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghScotland
- Department of Clinical SurgeryDivision of Health SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdingburghScotland
| | - Athina Spiliopoulou
- Centre for Global Health ResearchUsher InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdingburghScotland
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Miao Z, Garske KM, Pan DZ, Koka A, Kaminska D, Männistö V, Sinsheimer JS, Pihlajamäki J, Pajukanta P. Identification of 90 NAFLD GWAS loci and establishment of NAFLD PRS and causal role of NAFLD in coronary artery disease. HGG ADVANCES 2022; 3:100056. [PMID: 35047847 PMCID: PMC8756520 DOI: 10.1016/j.xhgg.2021.100056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), now also known as metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), is rapidly increasing worldwide due to the ongoing obesity epidemic. However, currently the NALFD diagnosis requires non-readily available imaging technologies or liver biopsy, which has drastically limited the sample sizes of NAFLD studies and hampered the discovery of its genetic component. Here we utilized the large UK Biobank (UKB) to accurately estimate the NAFLD status in UKB based on common serum traits and anthropometric measures. Scoring all individuals in UKB for NAFLD risk resulted in 28,396 NAFLD cases and 108,652 healthy individuals at a >90% confidence level. Using this imputed NAFLD status to perform the largest NAFLD genome-wide association study (GWAS) to date, we identified 94 independent (R2 < 0.2) NAFLD GWAS loci, of which 90 have not been identified before; built a polygenic risk score (PRS) model to predict the genetic risk of NAFLD; and used the GWAS variants of imputed NAFLD for a tissue-aware Mendelian randomization analysis that discovered a significant causal effect of NAFLD on coronary artery disease (CAD). In summary, we accurately estimated the NAFLD status in UKB using common serum traits and anthropometric measures, which empowered us to identify 90 GWAS NAFLD loci, build NAFLD PRS, and discover a significant causal effect of NAFLD on CAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zong Miao
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kristina M. Garske
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - David Z. Pan
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Amogha Koka
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dorota Kaminska
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition UEF, Kuopio, Finland
- Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Ville Männistö
- Department of Medicine, UEF and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC at University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Janet S. Sinsheimer
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jussi Pihlajamäki
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition UEF, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, and Clinical Nutrition, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Päivi Pajukanta
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Institute for Precision Health, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Corresponding author
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Understanding the Role of the Gut Microbiome and Microbial Metabolites in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Current Evidence and Perspectives. Biomolecules 2021; 12:biom12010056. [PMID: 35053205 PMCID: PMC8774162 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. NAFLD begins as a relatively benign hepatic steatosis which can evolve to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH); the risk of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) increases when fibrosis is present. NAFLD represents a complex process implicating numerous factors—genetic, metabolic, and dietary—intertwined in a multi-hit etiopathogenetic model. Recent data have highlighted the role of gut dysbiosis, which may render the bowel more permeable, leading to increased free fatty acid absorption, bacterial migration, and a parallel release of toxic bacterial products, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and proinflammatory cytokines that initiate and sustain inflammation. Although gut dysbiosis is present in each disease stage, there is currently no single microbial signature to distinguish or predict which patients will evolve from NAFLD to NASH and HCC. Using 16S rRNA sequencing, the majority of patients with NAFLD/NASH exhibit increased numbers of Bacteroidetes and differences in the presence of Firmicutes, resulting in a decreased F/B ratio in most studies. They also present an increased proportion of species belonging to Clostridium, Anaerobacter, Streptococcus, Escherichia, and Lactobacillus, whereas Oscillibacter, Flavonifaractor, Odoribacter, and Alistipes spp. are less prominent. In comparison to healthy controls, patients with NASH show a higher abundance of Proteobacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, and Escherichia spp., while Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Akkermansia muciniphila are diminished. Children with NAFLD/NASH have a decreased proportion of Oscillospira spp. accompanied by an elevated proportion of Dorea, Blautia, Prevotella copri, and Ruminococcus spp. Gut microbiota composition may vary between population groups and different stages of NAFLD, making any conclusive or causative claims about gut microbiota profiles in NAFLD patients challenging. Moreover, various metabolites may be involved in the pathogenesis of NAFLD, such as short-chain fatty acids, lipopolysaccharide, bile acids, choline and trimethylamine-N-oxide, and ammonia. In this review, we summarize the role of the gut microbiome and metabolites in NAFLD pathogenesis, and we discuss potential preventive and therapeutic interventions related to the gut microbiome, such as the administration of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, antibiotics, and bacteriophages, as well as the contribution of bariatric surgery and fecal microbiota transplantation in the therapeutic armamentarium against NAFLD. Larger and longer-term prospective studies, including well-defined cohorts as well as a multi-omics approach, are required to better identify the associations between the gut microbiome, microbial metabolites, and NAFLD occurrence and progression.
Collapse
|
29
|
Eshraghian A, Moasser E, Azarpira N, Fattahi MR, Nikeghbalian S, Malek-Hosseini SA, Geramizadeh B. Variations in TM6SF2, PCSK9 and PCSK7 genes and risk of hepatic steatosis after liver transplantation: a cross-sectional study. BMC Gastroenterol 2021; 21:458. [PMID: 34876018 PMCID: PMC8650293 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-021-02041-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genetic abnormalities might have important role in pathogenesis of hepatic steatosis after liver transplantation. We aimed to investigate association between genetic variations in transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 (TM6SF2) rs58542926, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) rs505151 and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 7 (PCSK7) rs2277287 with hepatic steatosis in liver transplant recipients.
Methods In a cross-sectional study, adult (> 18 years) liver transplant recipients who were referred for their routine post-transplant follow-up between June 2018 and September 2018 were included in the study. Hepatic steatosis in transplant recipients was assessed by controlled attenuation parameter (CAP). Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP) was used to study TM6SF2 rs58542926, PCSK7 rs2277287 and PCSK9 rs505151 genotypes. Results 107 liver transplant recipients were included. There was no association between different genotypes of PCSK9 rs505151 and PCSK7 rs2277287 with hepatic steatosis in liver transplant recipients (P value > 0.05). The presence of TT genotype of TM6SF2 rs58542926 was higher in patients with hepatic steatosis measured by CAP after liver transplantation. In patients with moderate and severe hepatic steatosis (grade 2 and 3 steatosis), AG + GG genotypes of PCSK9 rs505151 were more prevalent than AA genotype (OR 8.667; 95% CI 1.841–40.879; P value = 0.004) compared to patients with mild steatosis (grade 1). In multivariate regression model, AG + GG genotypes of PCSK9 rs505151 were associated with moderate and severe steatosis in liver transplant recipients (OR 5.747; 95% CI 1.086–30.303; P value = 0.040). Conclusions Genetic variations in TM6SF2 rs58542926 and PCSK9 rs505151 might be associated with hepatic steatosis in liver transplant recipients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahad Eshraghian
- Shiraz Transplant Center, Abu-Ali Sina Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Elham Moasser
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Research Tower, PO Box 71994-67985, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Negar Azarpira
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Research Tower, PO Box 71994-67985, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza Fattahi
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saman Nikeghbalian
- Shiraz Transplant Center, Abu-Ali Sina Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Research Tower, PO Box 71994-67985, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Malek-Hosseini
- Shiraz Transplant Center, Abu-Ali Sina Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Research Tower, PO Box 71994-67985, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Bita Geramizadeh
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Research Tower, PO Box 71994-67985, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Lin J, Jiang X, Dong M, Liu X, Shen Q, Huang Y, Zhang H, Ye R, Zhou H, Yan C, Yuan S, Wu X, Chen L, Wang Y, He M, Tao Y, Zhang Z, Jin W. Hepatokine Pregnancy Zone Protein Governs the Diet-Induced Thermogenesis Through Activating Brown Adipose Tissue. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2101991. [PMID: 34514733 PMCID: PMC8564441 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202101991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Intermittent fasting (IF), as a dietary intervention for weight loss, takes effects primarily through increasing energy expenditure. However, whether inter-organ systems play a key role in IF remains unclear. Here, a novel hepatokine, pregnancy zone protein (PZP) is identified, which has significant induction during the refeeding stage of IF. Further, loss of function studies and protein therapeutic experiment in mice revealed that PZP promotes diet-induced thermogenesis through activating brown adipose tissue (BAT). Mechanistically, circulating PZP can bind to cell surface glucose-regulated protein of 78 kDa (GRP78) to promote uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression via a p38 MAPK-ATF2 signaling pathway in BAT. These studies illuminate a systemic regulation in which the IF promotes BAT thermogenesis through the endocrinal system and provide a novel potential target for treating obesity and related disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation BiologyInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - Xiaoxiao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation BiologyInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Meng Dong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation BiologyInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - Xiaomeng Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience and Translational MedicineCollege of Life Science and AgronomyZhoukou Normal UniversityZhoukou466000China
| | - Qiwei Shen
- Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yuanyuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation BiologyInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Hanlin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation BiologyInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Rongcai Ye
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation BiologyInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Huiqiao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation BiologyInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Chunlong Yan
- College of AgricultureYanbian UniversityYanji133000China
| | - Shouli Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation BiologyInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Xiangnan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation BiologyInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Li Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation BiologyInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal NutritionInstitute of Animal ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193China
| | - Min He
- Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yi Tao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation BiologyInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - Zhaoyun Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Wanzhu Jin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation BiologyInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Dallio M, Masarone M, Romeo M, Tuccillo C, Morisco F, Persico M, Loguercio C, Federico A. PNPLA3, TM6SF2, and MBOAT7 Influence on Nutraceutical Therapy Response for Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:734847. [PMID: 34692725 PMCID: PMC8531439 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.734847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: PNPLA3, TM6SF2, and MBOAT7 genes play a crucial role in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) development and worsening. However, few data are available on their treatment response influence. The aim of this trial is to explore the effect derived from silybin-phospholipids complex (303 mg of silybin-phospholipids complex, 10 μg of vitamin D, and 15 mg of vitamin E twice a day for 6 months) oral administration in NAFLD patients carrying PNPLA3-rs738409, TM6SF2-rs58542926, or MBOAT7-rs641738 genetic variants. Materials and Methods: In all, 92 biopsy-proven NAFLD patients were grouped in 30 NAFLD wild type controls, 30 wild type treated patients, and 32 mutated treated ones. We assessed glycemia (FPG), insulinemia, HOMA-IR, aspartate and alanine aminotransferases (AST, ALT), C-reactive protein (CRP), thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), stiffness, controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), dietary daily intake, and physical activity at baseline and end of treatment. Results: The wild-type treated group showed a significant improvement of FPG, insulinemia, HOMA-IR, ALT, CRP, and TBARS (p < 0.05), whereas no improvements were recorded in the other two study groups. NAFLD wild type treated patients showed higher possibilities of useful therapeutic outcome (p < 0.01), obtained from the prescribed therapeutic regimen, independently from age, sex, comorbidities, medications, CAP, and stiffness in comparison to the mutated group. Discussion: The assessed mutations are independently associated with no response to a silybin-based therapeutic regimen and could be considered as useful predictive markers in this context. Clinical Trial Registry Number: www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT04640324.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Dallio
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Masarone
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Mario Romeo
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Concetta Tuccillo
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Filomena Morisco
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Marcello Persico
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Carmelina Loguercio
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Federico
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Wang J, Conti DV, Bogumil D, Sheng X, Noureddin M, Wilkens LR, Le Marchand L, Rosen HR, Haiman CA, Setiawan VW. Association of Genetic Risk Score With NAFLD in An Ethnically Diverse Cohort. Hepatol Commun 2021; 5:1689-1703. [PMID: 34558842 PMCID: PMC8485887 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Most genetic studies of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have been conducted in Whites. In this large and ethnically diverse cohort, we assessed the transportability of previously identified genetic variants for NAFLD, built a genetic risk score (GRS), and examined its association with NAFLD risk in multiple ethnic groups. Thirty previously identified genome-wide association studies (GWAS) variants (P < 5 × 10-8 ) and 17 other variants associated with NAFLD were examined in a nested case-control study of NAFLD (1,448 cases/8,444 controls) in this multi-ethnic cohort study. We then built a GRS using 11 independent single-nucleotide polymorphisms from these prior studies and examined its association with NAFLD by cirrhosis status across multiple ethnic groups. Of the 30 GWAS SNPs, 20 (67%) were replicated (P < 0.05) in the pooled multi-ethnic population. The highest percentage of replication was seen in Latinos (43%), followed by Japanese Americans (37%), Whites (17%), and Native Hawaiians and African Americans (≤10%). Several genetic variants, including those in PNPLA3 (patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 3), HSD17B13 (hydroxysteroid 17-beta dehydrogenase 13), TM6SF2 (transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2), GATAD2A (GATA zinc finger domain containing 2A), GCKR (glucokinase regulator), SUGP1 (SURP and G-patch domain containing 1), MBOAT7 (membrane bound O-acyltransferase domain containing 7), TRIB1 (tribbles pseudokinase 1), SAMM50 (sorting and assembly machinery component), and ERLIN1 (ER lipid raft associated 1)-CHUK (component of inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase complex)-CWF19L1 (CWF19 like cell cycle control factor 1) gene cluster, were replicated in at least two ethnic groups. An 11-SNP weighted GRS was associated with NAFLD risk in the multi-ethnic population (odds ratio [OR] per SD increase = 1.41; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.32-1.50), as well as in each ethnic group (OR ranged from 1.30 in African Americans to 1.52 in Latinos). The GRS-NAFLD association was stronger for NAFLD with cirrhosis (OR = 1.67; 95% CI = 1.46-1.92) compared to NAFLD without cirrhosis (OR = 1.37; 95% CI = 1.28-1.46) (P heterogeneity = 0.003). Conclusion: In this ethnically diverse cohort, we replicated several key genetic variants for NAFLD and showed the utility of GRS based on the risk alleles for NAFLD risk stratification in multiple ethnic groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Preventive MedicineKeck School of Medicine of University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - David V. Conti
- Department of Preventive MedicineKeck School of Medicine of University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
- Center for Genetic EpidemiologyKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer CenterKeck School of Medicine of University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - David Bogumil
- Department of Preventive MedicineKeck School of Medicine of University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Xin Sheng
- Department of Preventive MedicineKeck School of Medicine of University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Mazen Noureddin
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyDepartment of MedicineCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Lynne R. Wilkens
- Epidemiology ProgramUniversity of Hawaii Cancer CenterHonoluluHIUSA
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology ProgramUniversity of Hawaii Cancer CenterHonoluluHIUSA
| | - Hugo R. Rosen
- Department of MedicineKeck School of Medicine of University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Christopher A. Haiman
- Department of Preventive MedicineKeck School of Medicine of University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
- Center for Genetic EpidemiologyKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer CenterKeck School of Medicine of University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Veronica Wendy Setiawan
- Department of Preventive MedicineKeck School of Medicine of University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
- Center for Genetic EpidemiologyKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer CenterKeck School of Medicine of University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
- Department of MedicineKeck School of Medicine of University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Sundbaum JK, Baecklund E, Eriksson N, Kohnke H, Wallenberg M, Cavalli M, Wadelius C, Wadelius M, Hallberg P. Genome-wide association study of liver enzyme elevation in rheumatoid arthritis patients starting methotrexate. Pharmacogenomics 2021; 22:973-982. [PMID: 34521259 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2021-0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To identify novel genetic variants predisposing to elevation of Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients after initiation of methotrexate (MTX) treatment. Patients & methods: We performed genome-wide association studies in 198 RA patients starting MTX. Outcomes were maximum level of ALT and ALT >1.5-times the upper level of normal within the first 6 months of treatment. Results: RAVER2 (rs72675408) was significantly associated with maximum level of ALT (p = 4.36 × 10-8). This variant is in linkage disequilibrium with rs72675451, which is associated with differential expression of JAK1 and RAVER2. Conclusion: We found an association between ALT elevation and genetic variants that may regulate the expression of JAK1 and RAVER2. JAK1 encodes a janus kinase involved in the pathogenesis of RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Karlsson Sundbaum
- Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology, Uppsala University, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Health Sciences, Luleå University of Technology, SE-971 87, Luleå, Sweden
| | - Eva Baecklund
- Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology, Uppsala University, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Niclas Eriksson
- Uppsala Clinical Research center, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Pharmacogenomics & Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hugo Kohnke
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Pharmacogenomics & Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Matilda Wallenberg
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Pharmacogenomics & Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.,Svensk Dos AB, Box 2, SE-751 03, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marco Cavalli
- Department of Immunology, Genetics & Pathology, & Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 22, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Claes Wadelius
- Department of Immunology, Genetics & Pathology, & Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 22, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mia Wadelius
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Pharmacogenomics & Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Pär Hallberg
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Pharmacogenomics & Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Horn CL, Morales AL, Savard C, Farrell GC, Ioannou GN. Role of Cholesterol-Associated Steatohepatitis in the Development of NASH. Hepatol Commun 2021; 6:12-35. [PMID: 34558856 PMCID: PMC8710790 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The rising prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and NAFLD-related cirrhosis in the United States and globally highlights the need to better understand the mechanisms causing progression of hepatic steatosis to fibrosing steatohepatitis and cirrhosis in a small proportion of patients with NAFLD. Accumulating evidence suggests that lipotoxicity mediated by hepatic free cholesterol (FC) overload is a mechanistic driver for necroinflammation and fibrosis, characteristic of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), in many animal models and also in some patients with NASH. Diet, lifestyle, obesity, key genetic polymorphisms, and hyperinsulinemia secondary to insulin resistance are pivotal drivers leading to aberrant cholesterol signaling, which leads to accumulation of FC within hepatocytes. FC overload in hepatocytes can lead to ER stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, development of toxic oxysterols, and cholesterol crystallization in lipid droplets, which in turn lead to hepatocyte apoptosis, necrosis, or pyroptosis. Activation of Kupffer cells and hepatic stellate cells by hepatocyte signaling and cholesterol loading contributes to this inflammation and leads to hepatic fibrosis. Cholesterol accumulation in hepatocytes can be readily prevented or reversed by statins. Observational studies suggest that use of statins in NASH not only decreases the substantially increased cardiovascular risk, but may ameliorate liver pathology. Conclusion: Hepatic FC loading may result in cholesterol-associated steatohepatitis and play an important role in the development and progression of NASH. Statins appear to provide significant benefit in preventing progression to NASH and NASH-cirrhosis. Randomized controlled trials are needed to demonstrate whether statins or statin/ezetimibe combination can effectively reverse steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis in patients with NASH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian L Horn
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, San Antonio Military Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, TX, USA
| | - Amilcar L Morales
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, San Antonio Military Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christopher Savard
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Research and Development, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Geoffrey C Farrell
- Liver Research Group, ANU Medical School, Australian National University at the Canberra Hospital, Garran, ACT, Australia
| | - George N Ioannou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Research and Development, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Large Rab GTPases: Novel Membrane Trafficking Regulators with a Calcium Sensor and Functional Domains. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147691. [PMID: 34299309 PMCID: PMC8303950 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Rab GTPases are major coordinators of intracellular membrane trafficking, including vesicle transport, membrane fission, tethering, docking, and fusion events. Rab GTPases are roughly divided into two groups: conventional “small” Rab GTPases and atypical “large” Rab GTPases that have been recently reported. Some members of large Rab GTPases in mammals include Rab44, Rab45/RASEF, and Rab46. The genes of these large Rab GTPases commonly encode an amino-terminal EF-hand domain, coiled-coil domain, and the carboxyl-terminal Rab GTPase domain. A common feature of large Rab GTPases is that they express several isoforms in cells. For instance, Rab44’s two isoforms have similar functions, but exhibit differential localization. The long form of Rab45 (Rab45-L) is abundantly distributed in epithelial cells. The short form of Rab45 (Rab45-S) is predominantly present in the testes. Both Rab46 (CRACR2A-L) and the short isoform lacking the Rab domain (CRACR2A-S) are expressed in T cells, whereas Rab46 is only distributed in endothelial cells. Although evidence regarding the function of large Rab GTPases has been accumulating recently, there are only a limited number of studies. Here, we report the recent findings on the large Rab GTPase family concerning their function in membrane trafficking, cell differentiation, related diseases, and knockout mouse phenotypes.
Collapse
|
36
|
Palmer ND, Kahali B, Kuppa A, Chen Y, Du X, Feitosa MF, Bielak LF, O’Connell JR, Musani SK, Guo X, Smith AV, Ryan KA, Eirksdottir G, Allison MA, Bowden DW, Budoff MJ, Carr JJ, Chen YDI, Taylor KD, Correa A, Crudup BF, Halligan B, Yang J, Kardia SLR, Launer LJ, Fu YP, Mosley TH, Norris JM, Terry JG, O’Donnell CJ, Rotter JI, Wagenknecht LE, Gudnason V, Province MA, Peyser PA, Speliotes EK. Allele-specific variation at APOE increases nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and obesity but decreases risk of Alzheimer's disease and myocardial infarction. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:1443-1456. [PMID: 33856023 PMCID: PMC8283205 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a leading cause of chronic liver disease and is highly correlated with metabolic disease. NAFLD results from environmental exposures acting on a susceptible polygenic background. This study performed the largest multiethnic investigation of exonic variation associated with NAFLD and correlated metabolic traits and diseases. An exome array meta-analysis was carried out among eight multiethnic population-based cohorts (n = 16 492) with computed tomography (CT) measured hepatic steatosis. A fixed effects meta-analysis identified five exome-wide significant loci (P < 5.30 × 10-7); including a novel signal near TOMM40/APOE. Joint analysis of TOMM40/APOE variants revealed the TOMM40 signal was attributed to APOE rs429358-T; APOE rs7412 was not associated with liver attenuation. Moreover, rs429358-T was associated with higher serum alanine aminotransferase, liver steatosis, cirrhosis, triglycerides and obesity; as well as, lower cholesterol and decreased risk of myocardial infarction and Alzheimer's disease (AD) in phenome-wide association analyses in the Michigan Genomics Initiative, United Kingdom Biobank and/or public datasets. These results implicate APOE in imaging-based identification of NAFLD. This association may or may not translate to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; however, these results indicate a significant association with advanced liver disease and hepatic cirrhosis. These findings highlight allelic heterogeneity at the APOE locus and demonstrate an inverse link between NAFLD and AD at the exome level in the largest analysis to date.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholette D Palmer
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Bratati Kahali
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Annapurna Kuppa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yanhua Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xiaomeng Du
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mary F Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jeffrey R O’Connell
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland-Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Solomon K Musani
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA USA
| | | | - Kathleen A Ryan
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland-Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Matthew A Allison
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Matthew J Budoff
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - J Jeffrey Carr
- Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yii-Der I Chen
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA USA
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Breland F Crudup
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Brian Halligan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jian Yang
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute of Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yi-Ping Fu
- Framingham Heart Study, NHLBI, NIH, Framingham, MA, USA
- Office of Biostatistics Research, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Thomas H Mosley
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Jill M Norris
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - James G Terry
- Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA USA
| | - Lynne E Wagenknecht
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Department of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik 101, Iceland
| | - Michael A Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Elizabeth K Speliotes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Diagnosis and management of secondary causes of steatohepatitis. J Hepatol 2021; 74:1455-1471. [PMID: 33577920 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2021.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The term non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was originally coined to describe hepatic fat deposition as part of the metabolic syndrome. However, a variety of rare hereditary liver and metabolic diseases, intestinal diseases, endocrine disorders and drugs may underlie, mimic, or aggravate NAFLD. In contrast to primary NAFLD, therapeutic interventions are available for many secondary causes of NAFLD. Accordingly, secondary causes of fatty liver disease should be considered during the diagnostic workup of patients with fatty liver disease, and treatment of the underlying disease should be started to halt disease progression. Common genetic variants in several genes involved in lipid handling and metabolism modulate the risk of progression from steatosis to fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma development in NAFLD, alcohol-related liver disease and viral hepatitis. Hence, we speculate that genotyping of common risk variants for liver disease progression may be equally useful to gauge the likelihood of developing advanced liver disease in patients with secondary fatty liver disease.
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
Our understanding of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease pathophysiology continues to advance rapidly. Accordingly, the field has moved from describing the clinical phenotype through the presence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and degree of fibrosis to deep phenotyping with a description of associated comorbidities, genetic polymorphisms and environmental influences that could be associated with disease progression. These insights have fuelled a robust therapeutic pipeline across a variety of new targets to resolve steatohepatitis or reverse fibrosis, or both. Additionally, some of these therapies have beneficial effects that extend beyond the liver, such as effects on glycaemic control, lipid profile and weight loss. In addition, emerging therapies for NASH cirrhosis would have to demonstrate either reversal of fibrosis with associated reduction in portal hypertension or at least delay the progression with eventual decrease in liver-related outcomes. For non-cirrhotic NASH, it is the expectation that reversal of fibrosis by one stage or resolution of NASH with no worsening in fibrosis will need to be accompanied by overall survival benefits. In this Review, we summarize NASH therapies that have progressed to phase II and beyond. We also discuss some of the potential clinical challenges with the use of these new therapies when approved.
Collapse
|
39
|
Kanoni S, Kumar S, Amerikanou C, Kurth MJ, Stathopoulou MG, Bourgeois S, Masson C, Kannt A, Cesarini L, Kontoe MS, Milanović M, Roig FJ, Beribaka M, Campolo J, Jiménez-Hernández N, Milošević N, Llorens C, Smyrnioudis I, Francino MP, Milić N, Kaliora AC, Trivella MG, Ruddock MW, Medić-Stojanoska M, Gastaldelli A, Lamont J, Deloukas P, Dedoussis GV, Visvikis-Siest S. Nutrigenetic Interactions Might Modulate the Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Status in Mastiha-Supplemented Patients With NAFLD. Front Immunol 2021; 12:683028. [PMID: 34025683 PMCID: PMC8138178 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.683028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease with no therapeutic consensus. Oxidation and inflammation are hallmarks in the progression of this complex disease, which also involves interactions between the genetic background and the environment. Mastiha is a natural nutritional supplement known to possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study investigated how a 6-month Mastiha supplementation (2.1 g/day) could impact the antioxidant and inflammatory status of patients with NAFLD, and whether genetic variants significantly mediate these effects. We recruited 98 patients with obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) and NAFLD and randomly allocated them to either the Mastiha or the placebo group for 6 months. The anti-oxidative and inflammatory status was assessed at baseline and post-treatment. Genome-wide genetic data was also obtained from all participants, to investigate gene-by-Mastiha interactions. NAFLD patients with severe obesity (BMI > 35kg/m2) taking the Mastiha had significantly higher total antioxidant status (TAS) compared to the corresponding placebo group (P value=0.008). We did not observe any other significant change in the investigated biomarkers as a result of Mastiha supplementation alone. We identified several novel gene-by-Mastiha interaction associations with levels of cytokines and antioxidant biomarkers. Some of the identified genetic loci are implicated in the pathological pathways of NAFLD, including the lanosterol synthase gene (LSS) associated with glutathione peroxidase activity (Gpx) levels, the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier-1 gene (MPC1) and the sphingolipid transporter-1 gene (SPNS1) associated with hemoglobin levels, the transforming growth factor‐beta‐induced gene (TGFBI) and the micro-RNA 129-1 (MIR129-1) associated with IL-6 and the granzyme B gene (GZMB) associated with IL-10 levels. Within the MAST4HEALTH randomized clinical trial (NCT03135873, www.clinicaltrials.gov) Mastiha supplementation improved the TAS levels among NAFLD patients with severe obesity. We identified several novel genome-wide significant nutrigenetic interactions, influencing the antioxidant and inflammatory status in NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stavroula Kanoni
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Satish Kumar
- EA_1122, IGE-PCV, Université de Loraine, Nancy, France
| | - Charalampia Amerikanou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Mary Jo Kurth
- Randox Laboratories Ltd (RANDOX), Crumlin, United Kingdom
| | | | - Stephane Bourgeois
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Aimo Kannt
- Fraunhofer Institute of Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lucia Cesarini
- ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Maja Milanović
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Francisco J Roig
- Biotechvana, Parc Científic, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain.,Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Jorge, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Mirjana Beribaka
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Technology Zvornik, University of East Sarajevo, Zvornik, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Jonica Campolo
- ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy.,Institute of Clinical Physiology National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Nuria Jiménez-Hernández
- Area de Genòmica i Salut, Fundació per al Foment de la Investigació Sanitária i Biomèdica de la Comunitat Valenciana (FISABIO-Salut Pública), Valencia, Spain.,CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Carlos Llorens
- Biotechvana, Parc Científic, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - M Pilar Francino
- Area de Genòmica i Salut, Fundació per al Foment de la Investigació Sanitária i Biomèdica de la Comunitat Valenciana (FISABIO-Salut Pública), Valencia, Spain.,CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nataša Milić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Andriana C Kaliora
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Giovanna Trivella
- ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy.,Institute of Clinical Physiology National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mark W Ruddock
- Randox Laboratories Ltd (RANDOX), Crumlin, United Kingdom
| | - Milica Medić-Stojanoska
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.,Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Centre of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | | | - John Lamont
- Randox Laboratories Ltd (RANDOX), Crumlin, United Kingdom
| | - Panos Deloukas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.,Centre for Genomic Health, Life Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - George V Dedoussis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Seko Y, Yamaguchi K, Tochiki N, Yano K, Takahashi A, Okishio S, Kataoka S, Okuda K, Umemura A, Moriguchi M, Itoh Y. The Effect of Genetic Polymorphism in Response to Body Weight Reduction in Japanese Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:628. [PMID: 33922278 PMCID: PMC8145113 DOI: 10.3390/genes12050628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND weight loss as a result of lifestyle intervention is effective when treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We estimated the effects of PNPLA3 rs738409 and HSD17B13 rs6834314 variants in response to diet therapy in Japanese patients with NAFLD. METHODS we analyzed the correlation between the change in liver stiffness and change in body weight in 140 patients administered diet therapy for 1-year, according to PNPLA3 and HSD17B13 genotypes. RESULTS the bodyweight (BW) reduction rate was greater in patients with the PNPLA3 genotype CC than CG and GG (p = 0.035). Change in liver stiffness measurement (LSM) was significantly associated with a change in BW in PNPLA3 CG/GG (r = 0.279/0.381), but not in PNPLA3 CC (p = 0.187). Change in LSM was correlated with change in BW only in patients with HSD17B13 AG/GG (r = 0.425), but not the AA genotype (p = 0.069). A multivariate analysis identified that a change in LSM was correlated with a change in BW in carriers of HSD17B13 AG/GG (B = 3.043, p = 0.032), but not HSD17B13 AA. The change in LSM of patients with a BW reduction of more than 7% (0.50) was significantly greater than that of patients with a BW reduction of less than 7% (0.83) (p = 0.038). CONCLUSIONS in Japanese patients with NAFLD, HSD17B13 rs6834314 polymorphism is associated with the change in LSM by lifestyle intervention. The approach, including genetic assessments, may contribute to the establishment of appropriate therapeutic strategies to treat NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yoshito Itoh
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan; (Y.S.); (K.Y.); (N.T.); (K.Y.); (A.T.); (S.O.); (S.K.); (K.O.); (A.U.); (M.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wegermann K, Garrett ME, Zheng J, Coviello A, Moylan CA, Abdelmalek MF, Chow SC, Guy CD, Diehl AM, Ashley-Koch A, Suzuki A. Sex and Menopause Modify the Effect of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Genotypes on Fibrosis in NAFLD. Hepatol Commun 2021; 5:598-607. [PMID: 33860118 PMCID: PMC8034580 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is influenced by genetics, sex, and menopausal status, but whether genetic susceptibility to fibrosis is influenced by sex and reproductive status is unclear. Our aim was to identify metabolism-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), whose effect on NAFLD fibrosis is significantly modified by sex and menopausal status. We performed a cross-sectional, proof-of-concept study of 616 patients in the Duke NAFLD Clinical Database and Biorepository. The primary outcome was nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-Clinical Research Network (NASH-CRN) fibrosis stage. Menopause status was self-reported; age 51 years was used as a surrogate for menopause in patients with missing menopause data. The Metabochip was used to obtain 98,359 SNP genotypes in known metabolic pathway genes for each patient. We used additive genetic models to characterize sex and menopause-specific effects of SNP genotypes on NAFLD fibrosis stage. In the main effects analysis, none of the SNPs were associated with fibrosis at P < 0.05 after correcting for multiple comparisons. Twenty-five SNPs significantly interacted with sex/menopause to affect fibrosis stage (interaction P < 0.0001). After removal of loci in linkage disequilibrium, 10 independent loci were identified. Six were in the following genes: KCNIP4 (potassium voltage-gated channel interacting protein 4), PSORS1C1 (psoriasis susceptibility 1 candidate 1), KLHL8 (Kelch-like family member 8), GLRA1 (glycine receptor alpha 1), NOTCH2 (notch receptor 2), and PRKCH (protein kinase C eta), and four SNPs were intergenic. In stratified models, four SNPs were significant in premenopausal and postmenopausal women, three only in postmenopausal women, two in men and postmenopausal women, and one only in premenopausal women. Conclusion: We identified 10 loci with a significant sex/menopause interaction with respect to fibrosis. None of these SNPs were significant in all sex/menopause groups, suggesting modulation of genetic susceptibility to fibrosis by sex and menopause status. Future studies of genetic predictors of NAFLD progression should account for sex and menopause.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kara Wegermann
- Division of GastroenterologyDepartment of MedicineDuke UniversityDurhamNCUSA
| | | | - Jiayin Zheng
- Public Health Sciences DivisionFred Hutchinson Cancer Research CenterSeattleWAUSA
| | - Andrea Coviello
- Division of EndocrinologyDepartment of MedicineDuke UniversityDurhamNCUSA
| | - Cynthia A Moylan
- Division of GastroenterologyDepartment of MedicineDuke UniversityDurhamNCUSA.,Department of MedicineDurham Veterans Affairs Medical CenterDurhamNCUSA
| | - Manal F Abdelmalek
- Division of GastroenterologyDepartment of MedicineDuke UniversityDurhamNCUSA
| | - Shein-Chung Chow
- Department of Biostatistics and BioinformaticsDuke UniversityDurhamNCUSA
| | | | - Anna Mae Diehl
- Division of GastroenterologyDepartment of MedicineDuke UniversityDurhamNCUSA
| | | | - Ayako Suzuki
- Division of GastroenterologyDepartment of MedicineDuke UniversityDurhamNCUSA.,Department of MedicineDurham Veterans Affairs Medical CenterDurhamNCUSA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Secolin R, Gonsales MC, Rocha CS, Naslavsky M, De Marco L, Bicalho MAC, Vazquez VL, Zatz M, Silva WA, Lopes-Cendes I. Exploring a Region on Chromosome 8p23.1 Displaying Positive Selection Signals in Brazilian Admixed Populations: Additional Insights Into Predisposition to Obesity and Related Disorders. Front Genet 2021; 12:636542. [PMID: 33841501 PMCID: PMC8027303 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.636542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently reported a deviation of local ancestry on the chromosome (ch) 8p23.1, which led to positive selection signals in a Brazilian population sample. The deviation suggested that the genetic variability of candidate genes located on ch 8p23.1 may have been evolutionarily advantageous in the early stages of the admixture process. In the present work, we aim to extend the previous work by studying additional Brazilian admixed individuals and examining DNA sequencing data from the ch 8p23.1 candidate region. Thus, we inferred the local ancestry of 125 exomes from individuals born in five towns within the Southeast region of Brazil (São Paulo, Campinas, Barretos, and Ribeirão Preto located in the state of São Paulo and Belo Horizonte, the capital of the state of Minas Gerais), and compared to data from two public Brazilian reference genomic databases, BIPMed and ABraOM, and with information from the 1000 Genomes Project phase 3 and gnomAD databases. Our results revealed that ancestry is similar among individuals born in the five Brazilian towns assessed; however, an increased proportion of sub-Saharan African ancestry was observed in individuals from Belo Horizonte. In addition, individuals from the five towns considered, as well as those from the ABRAOM dataset, had the same overrepresentation of Native-American ancestry on the ch 8p23.1 locus that was previously reported for the BIPMed reference sample. Sequencing analysis of ch 8p23.1 revealed the presence of 442 non-synonymous variants, including frameshift, inframe deletion, start loss, stop gain, stop loss, and splicing site variants, which occurred in 24 genes. Among these genes, 13 were associated with obesity, type II diabetes, lipid levels, and waist circumference (PRAG1, MFHAS1, PPP1R3B, TNKS, MSRA, PRSS55, RP1L1, PINX1, MTMR9, FAM167A, BLK, GATA4, and CTSB). These results strengthen the hypothesis that a set of variants located on ch 8p23.1 that result from positive selection during early admixture events may influence obesity-related disease predisposition in admixed individuals of the Brazilian population. Furthermore, we present evidence that the exploration of local ancestry deviation in admixed individuals may provide information with the potential to be translated into health care improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Secolin
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Marina C Gonsales
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Cristiane S Rocha
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Michel Naslavsky
- Departament of Genetics and Evolutive Biology, Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Institute of Bioscience, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz De Marco
- Department of Surgery, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Maria A C Bicalho
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Vinicius L Vazquez
- Molecular Oncology Research Center (CPOM) - Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
| | - Mayana Zatz
- Departament of Genetics and Evolutive Biology, Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Institute of Bioscience, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wilson A Silva
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Iscia Lopes-Cendes
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Gao F, Zheng KI, Chen SD, Lee DH, Wu XX, Wang XD, Targher G, Byrne CD, Chen YP, Kim W, Zheng MH. Individualized Polygenic Risk Score Identifies NASH in the Eastern Asia Region: A Derivation and Validation Study. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2021; 12:e00321. [PMID: 33704100 PMCID: PMC7954375 DOI: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Strong evidence indicates that multiple genetic and environmental risk factors play a role in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). We aimed to develop and validate a novel nomogram, incorporating both genetic and clinical factors, for predicting NASH. METHODS A total of 1,070 Asian individuals with biopsy-confirmed nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) from 2 countries (China and South Korea) were recruited. The histological spectrum of NAFLD was classified according to the NASH clinical research network scoring system. The nomogram was developed in the Chinese training set (n = 402), and then, it was validated in both the Chinese internal validation set (n = 136) and the external Korean validation cohort (n = 532), respectively. RESULTS Sex, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, serum aspartate aminotransferase levels, and PNPLA3 (rs738409) and HSD17B13 (rs72613567) genetic variants were strongly associated with NASH. Based on their regression coefficients, we developed a nomogram with good discriminatory ability (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve: 0.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.77-0.85) and good calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow test, P = 0.794) for identifying NASH. In the 2 validation cohorts, the nomogram showed high area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (internal validation set: 0.80, 95% CI 0.72-0.88; external validation cohort: 0.76, 95% CI 0.72-0.80) and good calibration. DISCUSSION Our newly developed and externally validated nomogram, incorporating both genetic and clinical risk factors, may be conveniently used to predict NASH. Further validation studies in other ethnic groups are warranted to confirm its diagnostic utility to identify NASH, among patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kenneth I. Zheng
- NAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Sui-Dan Chen
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dong Hyeon Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Xi-Xi Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Wang
- NAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Giovanni Targher
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Christopher D. Byrne
- Southampton National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Yong-Ping Chen
- NAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Institute of Hepatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for The Development of Chronic Liver Disease in Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Won Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ming-Hua Zheng
- NAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Institute of Hepatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for The Development of Chronic Liver Disease in Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Wernberg CW, Ravnskjaer K, Lauridsen MM, Thiele M. The Role of Diagnostic Biomarkers, Omics Strategies, and Single-Cell Sequencing for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Severely Obese Patients. J Clin Med 2021; 10:930. [PMID: 33804302 PMCID: PMC7957539 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10050930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver disease due to metabolic dysfunction constitute a worldwide growing health issue. Severe obesity is a particularly strong risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, which affects up to 93% of these patients. Current diagnostic markers focus on the detection of advanced fibrosis as the major predictor of liver-related morbidity and mortality. The most accurate diagnostic tools use elastography to measure liver stiffness, with diagnostic accuracies similar in normal-weight and severely obese patients. The effectiveness of elastography tools are however hampered by limitations to equipment and measurement quality in patients with very large abdominal circumference and subcutaneous fat. Blood-based biomarkers are therefore attractive, but those available to date have only moderate diagnostic accuracy. Ongoing technological advances in omics technologies such as genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics hold great promise for discovery of biomarkers and increased pathophysiological understanding of non-alcoholic liver disease and steatohepatitis. Very recent developments have allowed for single-cell sequencing and cell-type resolution of gene expression and function. In the near future, we will therefore likely see a multitude of breakthrough biomarkers, developed from a deepened understanding of the biological function of individual cell types in the healthy and injured liver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte W. Wernberg
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hospital Southwest of Jutland, 6700 Esbjerg, Denmark; (C.W.W.); (M.M.L.)
- Center for Functional Genomics and Tissue Plasticity (ATLAS), University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark;
| | - Kim Ravnskjaer
- Center for Functional Genomics and Tissue Plasticity (ATLAS), University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Mette M. Lauridsen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hospital Southwest of Jutland, 6700 Esbjerg, Denmark; (C.W.W.); (M.M.L.)
- Center for Functional Genomics and Tissue Plasticity (ATLAS), University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark;
| | - Maja Thiele
- Center for Functional Genomics and Tissue Plasticity (ATLAS), University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark;
- Center for Liver Research, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
- Institute for Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Wu M, Lan H, Ye Z, Wang Y. Hypermethylation of the PZP gene is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation, invasion and migration. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 11:826-832. [PMID: 33471436 PMCID: PMC7931217 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy zone protein (PZP), a member of the proteinase inhibitor I39 (‐2‐macroglobulin) family of proteins, is involved in the initiation and development of various tumors. The gene encoding PZP is hypermethylated and expressed at low levels in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissue and cells, but the function of PZP in HCC cells remains unclear. Here, we analyzed DNA methylation and mRNA expression of HCC in The Cancer Genome Atlas Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma dataset. We identified 10 methylation‐driven genes, of which PZP was significantly hypermethylated and poorly expressed in tumor tissue. We confirmed that PZP is highly methylated and poorly expressed in HCC cell lines via quantitative real‐time PCR experiment and methylation‐specific PCR. Furthermore, PZP markedly inhibited the proliferation, invasion and migration of HCC cells. These findings may provide a basis for exploring novel therapeutic targets for HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minhua Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hui Lan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhongwei Ye
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yonghui Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Zhejiang Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Chatterjee A, Basu A, Das K, Chowdhury A, Basu P. Exome-wide scan identifies significant association of rs4788084 in IL27 promoter with increase in hepatic fat content among Indians. Gene 2021; 775:145431. [PMID: 33444683 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global epidemic that often progresses to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. In contrast to most world populations where NAFLD is mostly prevalent among obese, NAFLD among Indians and generally among South and South-East Asians is unique and highly prevalent among individuals who are lean. Genetics of NAFLD in Indian populations is understudied. In this study, we have used an exome-wide approach to identify genetic determinants of hepatic fat content (HFC) in India. METHODS HFC was measured in 244 participants using Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H1-MRS). Quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping was done exome-wide, to identify SNPs associated with HFC. The effects of the interaction between adiposity and QTLs on HFC were studied using a regression model. Association of the significant loci with disease severity was studied in 146 NAFLD patients among 244 participants, who underwent liver biopsy. RESULTS Our study identified 4 significantly associated SNPs (rs738409 and rs2281135 (PNPLA3), rs3761472 (SAMM50), rs17513722 (FAM161A) and rs4788084), with HFC after adjusting for the effects of covariates (p-value < 0.0005). rs738409, rs2281135 (PNPLA3), and rs3761472 (SAMM50) were associated with hepatocyte ballooning, lobular and portal inflammation and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) (p-value < 0.05). rs4788048 is an eQTL for IL27 and SULT1A2 genes, both of which are highly expressed in healthy livers and are likely to be involved in NAFLD pathogenesis. CONCLUSIONS Our study identified the novel association of rs4788084 with HFC, which regulates the expression of IL-27, an immune regulatory gene. We further showed that adiposity affected the HFC, irrespective of the genetic predisposition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Chatterjee
- National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, West Bengal, India
| | - Analabha Basu
- National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, West Bengal, India
| | - Kausik Das
- Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Abhijit Chowdhury
- Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Priyadarshi Basu
- National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, West Bengal, India.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Identifying Shared Risk Genes between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Metabolic Traits by Cross-Trait Association Analysis. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9010107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) generally co-occurs with metabolic disorders, but it is unclear which genes have a pleiotripic effect on NAFLD and metabolic traits. We performed a large-scale cross-trait association analysis to identify the overlapping genes between NAFLD and nine metabolic traits. Among all the metabolic traits, we found that obesity and type II diabetes are associated with NAFLD. Then, a multitrait association analysis among NAFLD, obesity and type II diabetes was conducted to improve the overall statistical power. We identified 792 significant variants by a cross-trait meta-analysis involving 100 pleiotripic genes. Moreover, we detected another two common genes by a genome-wide gene test. The results from the pathway enrichment analysis show that the 102 shared risk genes are enriched in cancer, diabetes, insulin secretion, and other related pathways. This study can help us understand the molecular mechanisms underlying comorbid NAFLD and metabolic disorders.
Collapse
|
48
|
Choudhary NS, Duseja A. Genetic and epigenetic disease modifiers: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Transl Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 6:2. [PMID: 33409397 DOI: 10.21037/tgh.2019.09.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inter-individual and inter-ethnic differences and difference in the severity and progression of liver disease among patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic liver disease (ALD) suggests the involvement of genetic and epigenetic factors in their pathogenesis. This article reviews the genetic and epigenetic modifiers in patients with NAFLD and ALD. Evidence regarding the genetic and epigenetic disease modifiers of NAFLD and ALD was reviewed by searching the available literature. Both genome wide association studies (GWAS) and candidate gene studies pertaining to the pathogenesis in both diseases were included. Clinical implications of the available information are also discussed. Several studies have shown association of both NAFLD and ALD with I148M PNPLA3 variant. In addition to the higher prevalence of hepatic steatosis, the I148M PNPLA3 variant is also associated with severity of liver disease and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). TM6SF2 is the other genetic variant shown to be significantly associated with hepatic steatosis and cirrhosis in patients with NAFLD and ALD. The Membrane bound O-acyltransferase domain-containing 7 (MBOAT7) genetic variant is also associated with both NAFLD and ALD. In addition to these mutations, several variants related to the genes involved in glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammatory pathways, fibrosis have also been shown to be the disease modifiers in patients with NAFLD and ALD. Epigenetics involving several micro RNAs and DNA methylation could also modify the disease course in NAFLD and ALD. In conclusion the available literature suggests that genetics and epigenetics are involved in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and ALD which may affect the disease prevalence, severity and response to treatment in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Narendra Singh Choudhary
- Institute of Liver Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Medanta, The Medicity, Gurgaon, Delhi (NCR), India
| | - Ajay Duseja
- Department of Hepatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Heyens LJM, Busschots D, Koek GH, Robaeys G, Francque S. Liver Fibrosis in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: From Liver Biopsy to Non-invasive Biomarkers in Diagnosis and Treatment. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:615978. [PMID: 33937277 PMCID: PMC8079659 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.615978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing percentage of people have or are at risk to develop non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) worldwide. NAFLD comprises different stadia going from isolated steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). NASH is a chronic state of liver inflammation that leads to the transformation of hepatic stellate cells to myofibroblasts. These cells produce extra-cellular matrix that results in liver fibrosis. In a normal situation, fibrogenesis is a wound healing process that preserves tissue integrity. However, sustained and progressive fibrosis can become pathogenic. This process takes many years and is often asymptomatic. Therefore, patients usually present themselves with end-stage liver disease e.g., liver cirrhosis, decompensated liver disease or even hepatocellular carcinoma. Fibrosis has also been identified as the most important predictor of prognosis in patients with NAFLD. Currently, only a minority of patients with liver fibrosis are identified to be at risk and hence referred for treatment. This is not only because the disease is largely asymptomatic, but also due to the fact that currently liver biopsy is still the golden standard for accurate detection of liver fibrosis. However, performing a liver biopsy harbors some risks and requires resources and expertise, hence is not applicable in every clinical setting and is unsuitable for screening. Consequently, different non-invasive diagnostic tools, mainly based on analysis of blood or other specimens or based on imaging have been developed or are in development. In this review, we will first give an overview of the pathogenic mechanisms of the evolution from isolated steatosis to fibrosis. This serves as the basis for the subsequent discussion of the current and future diagnostic biomarkers and anti-fibrotic drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leen J. M. Heyens
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
- School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, NUTRIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Gastro-Enterology and Hepatology, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium
| | - Dana Busschots
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
- School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, NUTRIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Ger H. Koek
- School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, NUTRIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Geert Robaeys
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
- Department of Gastro-Enterology and Hepatology, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sven Francque
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Sven Francque
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Lee GH, Phyo WW, Loo WM, Kwok R, Ahmed T, Shabbir A, So J, Koh CJ, Hartono JL, Muthiah M, Lim K, Tan PS, Lee YM, Lim SG, Dan YY. Validation of genetic variants associated with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in an ethnic Chinese population. World J Hepatol 2020; 12:1228-1238. [PMID: 33442450 PMCID: PMC7772735 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v12.i12.1228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic factors play an important role in the pathogenesis and development of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD).
AIM To study the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), previously identified in Western populations, with the risk of MAFLD in a Singapore Chinese population and their interactions with environmental and medical risk factors.
METHODS A retrospective case-control study was conducted with 72 MAFLD cases and 72 controls with no hepatic steatosis on computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, or controlled attenuation parameter score. Subjects were recruited from two tertiary hospitals. Genetic alleles such as NCAN, GCKR, LYPLAL1, PNPLA3, PPP1R3B, FDFT1, COL13A1, EFCAB4B, PZP, and TM6SF2 were genotyped using the TaqMan® Predesigned SNP Genotyping Assay.
RESULTS Weight and body mass index (BMI) were 1.2-times higher in patients (70.6 kg, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 57.1-84.1 vs 60.8 kg, 95%CI: 48.5-73.1, P < 0.001 and 26.9 kg, 95%CI: 23-40.8 vs 23.3 kg 95%CI: 19-27.6, P < 0.001 respectively). The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in patients was 40.3% and 20.8% in controls (P = 0.011). Patients had higher mean triglycerides than controls (P < 0.001). PNPLA3 GG was more likely to be associated with MAFLD (43.4% CC vs 69.7% GG, P = 0.017, and 44.8% CG vs 69.7% GG, P = 0.022). In multivariable analysis, hypertriglyceridemia (odds ratio [OR]: 2.04 95%CI: 1.3-3.1, P = 0.001), BMI (OR: 1.2 95%CI: 1.1-1.4, P < 0.001) and PNPLA3 GG (OR: 3.4 95%CI: 1.3-9.2, P = 0.014) were associated with MAFLD (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.823).
CONCLUSION Among the Chinese population of Singapore, PNPLA3 homozygous GG allele is a strong predictor of MAFLD, whereas LYPLAL1, GCKR, FDFT1, COL13A1, PZP, and TM6SF2 are not significantly associated. Hypertriglyceridemia, high BMI, and PNPLA3 GG are independent predictors of MAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guan Huei Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Wah Wah Phyo
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Wai Mun Loo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Raymond Kwok
- Department of Medicine, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore 768828, Singapore
| | - Taufique Ahmed
- Department of Medicine, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore 768828, Singapore
| | - Asim Shabbir
- Department of Surgery, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Jimmy So
- Department of Surgery, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Calvin Jianyi Koh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Juanda Leo Hartono
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Mark Muthiah
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Kieron Lim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Poh Seng Tan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Yin Mei Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Seng Gee Lim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Yock Young Dan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|