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Shin J, Kang H, Choi S, Choi J. Exploring social activity patterns among community-dwelling older adults in South Korea: a latent class analysis. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:697. [PMID: 39169285 PMCID: PMC11340088 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-05287-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the trend of digitalization, social activities among the older population are becoming more diverse as they increasingly adopt technology-based alternatives. To gain a comprehensive understanding of social activities, this study aimed to identify the patterns of digital and in-person social activities among community-dwelling older adults in South Korea, examine the associated factors, and explore the difference in depressive symptoms by the identified latent social activity patterns. METHODS Data were extracted from a nationwide survey conducted with 1,016 community-dwelling older adults (mean age 68.0 ± 6.5 years, 47.8% male). The main variables assessed were digital social activities (eight items), in-person social activities (six items), and depressive symptoms (20 items). Data were analyzed using latent class analysis, multinomial logistic regression, and multiple linear regression. RESULTS We identified four distinct social activity patterns: "minimal in both digital and in-person" (22.0%), "moderate in both digital and in-person" (46.7%), "moderate in digital & very high in in-person" (14.5%), and "high in both digital and in-person" (16.8%). Younger age, living in multi-generational households, and higher digital literacy were associated with a higher likelihood of being in the "moderate in both digital and in-person" than the "minimal in both digital and in-person" group. Younger age, male, living in multi-generational households, residing in metropolitan areas, no dependency on IADL items, doing daily physical exercise, and higher digital literacy were associated with a higher likelihood of being in the "moderate in digital & very high in in-person" than the "minimal in both digital and in-person" group. Younger age, living in multi-generational households, no dependency on IADL items, doing daily physical exercise, and higher digital literacy were associated with a higher likelihood of being in the "high in both digital and in-person" than the "minimal in both digital and in-person" group. Depressive symptoms were significantly higher in the group with minimal engagement in both digital and in-person activities, compared to other three groups. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights distinct patterns of social activities among Korean community-dwelling older adults. Since older adults with minimal social activity engagement can be more vulnerable to depressive symptoms, interventions that address modifiable attributes, such as supporting digital literacy and facilitating physical activity of older adults, could serve as potential strategies to enhance their social activity engagement and, consequently, their mental well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoung Shin
- Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Nursing, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
- Health Insurance Research Institute, National Health Insurance Service, 2, Segye-ro, Wonju-si, Gangwon-Do, 26464, South Korea
| | - Hun Kang
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale University School of Public Health, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Seongmi Choi
- Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Nursing, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - JiYeon Choi
- Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Nursing, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
- Yonsei University Institute for Innovation in Digital Healthcare, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
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Wang S, Leung SHI, Xu X, Liu M, Wang P, Zhang W, Moyle W. Influences of Social Disengagement and Depressive Symptoms on Sleep Disturbance in Dementia Caregiving Dyads: A Nationally Representative Study. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2024:105197. [PMID: 39127457 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2024.105197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the influence of social disengagement and depressive symptoms on sleep disturbance among dementia caregiving dyads and the actor-partner interdependence nature of these influences. DESIGN Actor-partner interdependence model through structural equation modeling for dyadic analyses. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A total of 310 dyads of older adults with dementia and their care partners from 2 national representative studies in the United States, the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) and its companion study, the National Study of Caregiving (NSOC). METHODS Data from the NHATS Round 11 and NSOC IV were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, and the actor-partner interdependence model. Structural equation modeling was used to assess the mediation effects of depressive symptoms within the actor-partner interdependence models. RESULTS In the model of caregivers, social disengagement had a direct impact on sleep disturbance (β = 0.49, P < .001) and an indirect impact through depressive symptoms (β = 0.25, P < .001). In the model of older adults with dementia, social disengagement only had an indirect effect on sleep disturbance through depressive symptoms. In models examining partner effects, caregivers' social disengagement directly influenced their care partners' depressive symptoms (β = 0.20, P = .019), which subsequently affected caregivers' sleep disturbance (β = 0.17, P < .001). Social disengagement (β = 0.17, P = .001) and depressive symptoms (β = 0.17, P < .001) in older adults with dementia directly impacted their caregivers' sleep disturbance. Depressive symptoms of older adults with dementia served as multiple mediators linking one member's social disengagement to both their own and partner's sleep. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS This study represents one of the first attempts to investigate the influencing mechanism of sleep disturbances among older adults with dementia and their informal caregivers through a dyadic perspective. The sleep disturbance of caregivers may be directly influenced by the social disengagement and depressive symptoms exhibited by both members of the dyad, whereas the sleep disturbance experienced by older adults with dementia can only be indirectly influenced by the dyad's social disengagement via their own depressive symptoms. Dyadic social activities targeting depressive symptoms could be designed to address sleep disturbances in dementia caregiving dyads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wang
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Sze Him Isaac Leung
- Department of Statistics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xinyi Xu
- School of Nursing, Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China
| | - Minhui Liu
- School of Nursing, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China
| | - Peng Wang
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Henan, China; School of Nursing, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan, China
| | - Weihong Zhang
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
| | - Wendy Moyle
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Sperlich S, Noeres D, Holthausen-Markou S, Park-Simon TW, Sahiti E, Geyer S. Social participation of women with breast cancer compared to the general population 5 years after primary surgery-what role do medical data and cancer-related complaints play? Support Care Cancer 2024; 32:566. [PMID: 39093481 PMCID: PMC11297071 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-024-08695-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study analyzes levels of social participation in patients with breast cancer on average 5 years following primary surgery as compared to women in the general population. In addition, the role of breast cancer-related complaints and medical data as possible influencing factors on levels of patients' social participation is investigated. METHODS A total of n = 454 patients after primary surgery (t0) were recruited for a third follow-up study, and n = 372 completed this survey (t3), corresponding to a response rate of 82.2%. For measuring breast cancer-related complaints, participants completed a written questionnaire. Social participation was measured by a questionnaire on different leisure activities that was taken from the Socio-Economic Panel Study. Medical information was extracted from medical reports at t0. A principal component analysis was carried out to identify different dimensions of social participation. Chi2-tests and logistic regression analyses were applied to analyze social participation as compared to the general population and the role of possible medical and diagnosis-related influencing factors thereby. RESULTS Compared to the general population, patients show lower levels of social participation in the domains "socio-cultural participation" and "participation in institutions," while no significant differences for "social participation in the private sphere" and "social participation via social media" were found. Psychological symptoms, pain, and a history of mastectomy were most strongly associated with restrictions in social participation. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that social withdrawal may happen due to disease-related symptoms, preventing some breast cancer patients from participating fully in society. Cancer-related follow-ups should address this issue and support patients' reintegration into society through appropriate therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Sperlich
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Medical Sociology, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Dorothee Noeres
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Medical Sociology, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sophia Holthausen-Markou
- Hannover Medical School, Gynaecological Psychosomatics and Psychooncology Clinic for Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Eranda Sahiti
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Medical Sociology, Hannover, Germany
| | - Siegfried Geyer
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Medical Sociology, Hannover, Germany
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Williams GL, Flens G, Terwee CB, de Beurs E, Spinhoven P, Paap MCS. Extending the PROMIS item bank "ability to participate in social roles and activities": a psychometric evaluation using IRT. Qual Life Res 2024; 33:2129-2144. [PMID: 38780673 PMCID: PMC11286634 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-024-03666-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our objective was to explore whether the extension of the PROMIS item bank Ability to Participate in Social Roles and Activities (APSRA) with new items would result in more effective targeting (i.e., selecting items that are appropriate for each individual's trait level), and more reliable measurements across all latent trait levels. METHODS A sample of 1,022 Dutch adults completed all 35 items of the original item bank plus 17 new items (in Dutch). The new items presented in this publication have been translated provisionally from Dutch into English for presentation purposes. We evaluated the basic IRT assumptions unidimensionality, local independence, and monotonicity. Furthermore, we examined the item parameters, and assessed differential item functioning (DIF) for sex, education, region, age, and ethnicity. In addition, we compared the test information functions, item parameters, and θ scores, for the original and extended item bank in order to assess whether the measurement range had improved. RESULTS We found that the extended item bank was compatible with the basic IRT assumptions and showed good reliability. Moreover, the extended item bank improved the measurement in the lower trait range, which is important for reliably assessing functioning in clinical populations (i.e., persons reporting lower levels of participation). CONCLUSION We extended the PROMIS-APSRA item bank and improved its psychometric quality. Our study contributes to PROMIS measurement innovation, which allows for the addition of new items to existing item banks, without changing the interpretation of the scores and while maintaining the comparability of the scores with other PROMIS instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido L Williams
- LMcare, Zwolle, The Netherlands.
- Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Gerard Flens
- Quality Alliance Mental Health, Akwa GGZ, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline B Terwee
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Methodology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin de Beurs
- Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Research, Arkin GGZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Philip Spinhoven
- Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Muirne C S Paap
- Department of Child and Family Welfare, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Research and Innovation, Clinic Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Löfgren M, Nyman A, Larsson E, Isaksson G. Fostering social participation among older adults: Perspectives of stakeholders. Scand J Occup Ther 2024:2384405. [PMID: 39073433 DOI: 10.1080/11038128.2024.2384405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fostering social participation for active and healthy ageing among older adults is an urgent issue in a changing society that requires new approaches from occupational therapists as well as from society at large. AIM To explore possibilities to foster social participation for older adults in society from the perspective of stakeholders. MATERIAL AND METHODS A qualitative design was applied. 18 key informants, engaged in supporting older adults in their organisational roles as either professionals or volunteers, participated in five different focus groups discussions. RESULTS The results involved two overarching themes that reflects different perspectives on key informants' possibilities to foster social participation for older adults. The first theme describes how they direct their attention towards their roles within the organisations to foster social participation in their own context. The second theme describes the broader societal perspectives that they address to establish a common ground for collaboration and knowledge-sharing among different stakeholders. CONCLUSIONS The findings emphasise how addressing common challenges and developing collaboration are essential to foster older adults' social participation. It is therefore necessary to involve policy-makers and decision-makers. Occupational therapists and researchers should consider the value of occupational justice to drive collective and social approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Löfgren
- Department of Health, Education and Technology, Occupational Therapy, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
| | - Anneli Nyman
- Department of Health, Education and Technology, Occupational Therapy, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
| | - Ellinor Larsson
- Department of Health, Education and Technology, Occupational Therapy, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
| | - Gunilla Isaksson
- Department of Health, Education and Technology, Occupational Therapy, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
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Zhang H, Hao X, Qin Y, Yang Y, Zhao X, Wu S, Li K. Social participation classification and activities in association with health outcomes among older adults: Results from a scoping review. J Adv Nurs 2024. [PMID: 39072772 DOI: 10.1111/jan.16344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study is to summarize the characteristics of social participation classification and examine the association between activities and health outcomes among older adults. DESIGN Scoping review. DATA SOURCES Eight databases (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, The Cochrane Library, Embase, ProQuest, Psychological Information Database, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science) were searched. Reference lists of relevant social participation reviews were also considered. METHODS This study applied a five-stage methodological framework. A narrative synthesis summarized social participation classification and activities and their associations with health outcomes among older adults (≥65 years) living at home, in the community or in nursing residences. RESULTS Forty-two articles published between 1975 and 2022 were selected. Four classification criteria of social participation were extracted and summarized from these studies. Based on the depth and breadth of social interactions, this review proposed a four-level classification schema. A lower risk of mortality and less visual impairment were associated with participation in level-one, level-three or level-four activities, whereas less depression, less pain and better cognitive function were linked to participation in level-three or level-four activities. CONCLUSION Future studies should provide a clear definition, establish classification criteria for participation and properly select activity forms while considering both subjective and objective dimensions. IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROFESSION AND/OR PATIENT CARE The results could provide data for designing targeted social participation interventions to improve specific health outcomes among older adults. IMPACT This review could help researchers examine the role of social participation activities in specific health outcomes. Moreover, a proposed classification of social participation activities would benefit researchers and community nurses in discerning the similarities and differences among activities. REPORTING METHOD This study adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses-Extension for Scoping Reviews guideline. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION No patient or public contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijing Zhang
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaonan Hao
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuan Qin
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuhang Yang
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuetong Zhao
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kun Li
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Yao L, Yang C, Graff JC, Wang G, Wang G, Gu W. From Reactive to Proactive - The Future Life Design to Promote Health and Extend the Human Lifespan. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024:e2400148. [PMID: 39037380 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202400148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Disease treatment and prevention have improved the human lifespan. Current studies on aging, such as the biological clock and senolytic drugs have focused on the medical treatments of various disorders and health maintenance. However, to efficiently extend the human lifespan to its theoretical maximum, medicine can take a further proactive approach and identify the inapparent disorders that affect the gestation, body growth, and reproductive stages of the so-called "healthy" population. The goal is to upgrade the standard health status to a new level by targeting the inapparent disorders. Thus, future research can shift from reaction, response, and prevention to proactive, quality promotion and vigor prolonging; from single disease-oriented to multiple dimension protocol for a healthy body; from treatment of symptom onset to keep away from disorders; and from the healthy aging management to a healthy promotion design beginning at the birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Yao
- College of Health management, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and BME-Campbell Clinic, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Chengyuan Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and BME-Campbell Clinic, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - J Carolyn Graff
- Department of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, College of Nursing, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Guiying Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150007, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150007, China
| | - Weikuan Gu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and BME-Campbell Clinic, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
- Research Service, Memphis VA Medical Center, 1030 Jefferson Avenue, Memphis, TN, 38104, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Ave, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
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Zhang Z, Jin L, Liu J, Liao D, Zhang X. The impact of social participation on the health status of the older adult: An empirical study based on CGSS 2021 data. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305820. [PMID: 38917146 PMCID: PMC11198831 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION With the rapid pace of population aging, the health issues of the older adult have garnered widespread attention. Social participation plays a pivotal role in the health of the older adult. This study aims to explore the impact of social participation on the health status of the older adult. METHODS Using a binary logistic regression model, this study analyzes the influence of social participation methods on the health status of older adult individuals in China based on cross-sectional data from the "China Comprehensive Social Survey" in 2021. The study sample comprises individuals aged 60 to 99 years. RESULTS It was found that participation in physical activities [P<0.001, OR = 1.907], social and recreational activities [P<0.001, OR = 1.387], and online activities [P<0.001, OR = 1.808] were significantly positively correlated with the health status of the older adult. CONCLUSIONS The health of older adults is influenced by a combination of physical activities, social and recreational activities, and online activities. Good health is closely associated with high levels of physical activity. Engaging in physical exercise promotes physiological health, while participating in social and recreational activities has a significant impact on cognitive and depressive states. Additionally, involvement in online activities helps alleviate feelings of loneliness and enhances overall well-being. RECOMMENDATIONS 1)Promote the development of physical activities for the older adult: Create an integrated environment for physical exercise. 2)Expand the social circle of the older adult: Construct diverse and structured communities to enhance well-being. 3)Develop online activities for the older adult: Facilitate their integration into the digital age. 4)Foster interdisciplinary collaboration for older adult health: Build partnerships across various domains to promote older adult health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zebo Zhang
- School of Physical Education and Health, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Lei Jin
- School of Physical Education and Health, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiajun Liu
- School of Physical Education and Health, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Dongling Liao
- School of Physical Education and Health, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- School of Physical Education and Health, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
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Klein CB, Klinger LG. Aging Well and Autism: A Narrative Review and Recommendations for Future Research. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1207. [PMID: 38921321 PMCID: PMC11203987 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12121207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
With autism first recognized in the 1940s, the early cohorts of autistic children are beginning to enter older adulthood. Little is known about the experiences and outcomes of autistic older adults. In the general population, "successful aging" is a dominant model among gerontologists and is used to evaluate outcomes in older adulthood. This narrative review aims to provide a framework for understanding and supporting successful aging in older autistic adults. Using Fernández-Ballesteros' four-domain model of "aging well" we review knowledge on aging and autism by examining outcomes in health and functioning, cognitive and physical functioning, positive affect and control, and social participation and engagement. Findings indicate that outcomes in autistic older adults are generally poor, marked by increased medical conditions, low adaptive skills, elevated risk of cognitive decline, limited physical activity, high rates of mental health conditions, low quality of life, and reduced social or community participation. Patterns of challenges are similar across cognitive abilities and profiles of autistic traits. Challenges and next steps in aging and autism research are identified, and future directions for the field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire B. Klein
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
- UNC TEACCH Autism Program, Department of Psychiatry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Laura G. Klinger
- UNC TEACCH Autism Program, Department of Psychiatry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Wang Y, Wang Y, Liu Y, Xu W, Yang Z, Xu Z, Zhong Y. Factors influencing senior care and living preferences among older adults in Jiangsu, China: a cross-sectional survey study. BMC Health Serv Res 2024; 24:723. [PMID: 38862909 PMCID: PMC11167893 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-024-11168-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the population ages, senior care for older adults in China has become increasingly important and has attracted the attention of both government and society. This study aimed to explore preferences and influencing factors related to senior care among older Chinese adults and thus propose effective and targeted strategies for the development of a comprehensive care system for older adults in the aging Chinese population. METHODS Data were obtained from a cross-sectional survey conducted in sixteen communities or villages in Jiangsu Province, China, from July to September 2021. Guided by the Andersen Behavioral Model, multivariate logistic regression was conducted to identify factors associated with preferences for senior care arrangements. RESULTS A total of 870 respondents were included in the study, 60.11% of whom preferred receiving care in their own homes, while only 13.68% chose residential care facilities (RCFs). For predisposing factors, rural respondents preferred receiving care in their own homes compared to urban respondents (children's home: OR = 0.55, P < 0.01; RCF: OR = 0.58, P < 0.01). Concerning enabling factors, respondents who were not employed (OR = 2.30, P < 0.01) and those without financial support (OR = 2.73, P < 0.05) preferred RCFs to their own homes. Respondents receiving life assistance (sometimes: OR = 2.76, P < 0.001; regularly: OR = 2.57, P < 0.01; every day: OR = 3.57, P < 0.001) preferred their children's homes to their own homes. In terms of need factors, respondents with noncommunicable diseases (NCDs, OR > 1, P < 0.05), those who knew about RCFs (some: OR = 0.53, P < 0.005; no: OR = 0.10, P < 0.001) and those with a good impression of RCFs (fair: OR = 3.72, P < 0.05; good: OR = 11.91, P < 0.001) preferred receiving care in RCFs compared to their counterparts. CONCLUSIONS Older Chinese adults' senior care preferences were affected by predisposing factors, enabling factors, and need factors. Policy-makers should consider targeted measures to identify more precise senior care services and thus address aging challenges in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Wang
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, 9 Se-yuan Road, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, 210029, China
| | - Yaning Wang
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, 9 Se-yuan Road, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, 210029, China
| | - Yitong Liu
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, 9 Se-yuan Road, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, 210029, China
| | - Wenkun Xu
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, 9 Se-yuan Road, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, 210029, China
| | - Zhuoya Yang
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, 9 Se-yuan Road, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, 210029, China
| | - Zhongying Xu
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qi-xiu Road, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - Yaqin Zhong
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, 9 Se-yuan Road, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, 210029, China.
- Institute for Health Development, Nantong University, 9 Se-yuan Road, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, 210029, China.
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Watanabe R, Tsuji T, Ide K, Saito M, Shinozaki T, Satake S, Kondo K. Comparison of the Incidence of Functional Disability Correlated With Social Participation Among Older Adults in Japan. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2024; 25:104932. [PMID: 38336357 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Japan, which has the world's longest life expectancy, has been reporting rejuvenation of physical function among its older adult population. However, evidence for the incidence of functional disability is limited. This study aimed to investigate the comparison in the incidence of functional disability. DESIGN We used data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS The participants were 2 nonoverlapping cohorts of 22,522 (2010-2013 cohort) and 26,284 (2016-2019 cohort) individuals aged 65 years and older from 5 municipalities who were followed for 3 years each. METHODS The incidence rates of functional disability during the 3-year follow-up period were compared between cohorts. To examine the incident differences between the cohorts, we adjusted for social participation and 9 additional factors that would be expected to improve with social participation using the Weibull survival models adjusting for municipalities as random effects. The analysis was stratified by age groups (65-74 years old and ≥75). RESULTS The incidence rate of functional disability per 10,000 person-years decreased from 68.6 (2010-2013 cohort) to 51.4 (2016-2019 cohort) in the 65 to 74 years old group and 380.0 (2010-2013 cohort) to 282.6 (2016-2019 cohort) in the ≥75 group; the hazard ratios (95% CIs) were 0.75 (0.64-0.89) and 0.73 (0.67-0.80), respectively. However, these significant decreases disappeared with adjustments for social participation and additional factors. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The incidence of functional disability decreased in a recent cohort, which may be explained by social participation and possibly related factors. Promoting social participation could contribute to a decreasing incidence of functional disability among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Watanabe
- Center for Well-being and Society, Nihon Fukushi University, Nagoya City, Aichi, Japan; Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Department of Frailty Research, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu City, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Taishi Tsuji
- Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Institute of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Bunkyo City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazushige Ide
- Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masashige Saito
- Center for Well-being and Society, Nihon Fukushi University, Nagoya City, Aichi, Japan; Faculty of Social Welfare, Nihon Fukushi University, Mihama-cho, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Shinozaki
- Department of Information and Computer Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shosuke Satake
- Department of Frailty Research, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu City, Aichi, Japan; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Hospital, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu city, Aichi, Japan
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Department of Gerontological Evaluation, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu City, Aichi, Japan
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12
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Lee HC, Repkine A. Determinants of Health Status and Life Satisfaction among Older South Koreans. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1124. [PMID: 38891199 PMCID: PMC11172203 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12111124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
South Korea is a rapidly aging society with the lowest fertility rates among the OECD economies. It is projected to become a super-aged society in 2025, with the share of individuals older than 65 reaching twenty percent. These developments make it important to analyze the determinants of health outcomes in older individuals. In this study, we identified the determinants of subjective and objective health outcomes among senior individuals in South Korea. We used self-rated health and life satisfaction scores as the two subjective health status indicators, while the number of chronic diseases was the objective one. We ran Tobit multivariate regressions of all three indicators on a set of factors related to the older citizens' physical, economic, and social characteristics. Active employment status and willingness to work in the future were positively related to self-rated health level but were not statistically related to life satisfaction, while income positively affected both subjective health status indicators. Age did not appear to affect satisfaction with life. Active leisure activities were positively related to both self-rated health and life satisfaction. In contrast, passive leisure, such as watching TV, was negatively related to both health status indicators while being associated with an increased number of chronic diseases. Our findings suggest that older South Koreans view employment primarily as a means of financial support rather than as an opportunity for active social engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Chool Lee
- Political Science Department, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea;
| | - Alexandre Repkine
- Economics Department, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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13
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Bruinsma J, Visser LNC, Abaci A, Rosenberg A, Diaz A, Hanke S, Crutzen R, Mangialasche F, Kivipelto M, Thunborg C. Social activities in multidomain dementia prevention interventions: insights from practice and a blueprint for the future. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1386688. [PMID: 38832328 PMCID: PMC11146203 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1386688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Social activities are important for health and act as a driver of cognitive reserve during aging. In this perspective paper, we describe challenges and outline future (research) endeavors to establish better operationalization of social activities in multidomain interventions to prevent dementia. Body We first address the lack of conceptual clarity, which makes it difficult to measure engagement in social activities. Second, drawing from our experience with the Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER), we discuss social activities in multidomain dementia prevention interventions. Using qualitative data from the Multimodal Preventive Trial for Alzheimer's Disease (MIND-ADmini), we reflect on participant experiences with social activities. Third, we address the potential and challenges of digital solutions in promoting social activities in interventions for dementia prevention. Finally, we share insights from a workshop on digital technology, where we consulted with individuals with and without cognitive impairment who have been involved in three European projects (i.e., EU-FINGERS, Multi-MeMo, and LETHE). Discussion Based on these insights, we advocate for research that strengthens and accelerates the integration of social activities into multidomain interventions for dementia prevention. We propose several ways to achieve this: (a) by conducting mixed methods research to formulate a broadly accepted definition and instructions to measure social activities; (b) by focusing on promoting engagement in social activities beyond the intervention setting; and (c) by exploring the needs and preferences of older adults towards digitally-supported interventions and co-design of new technologies that enrich in-person social activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen Bruinsma
- Department of Health Promotion, Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Leonie N. C. Visser
- Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Public Health Research Institute, Quality of Care/Personalized Medicine, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alara Abaci
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Rosenberg
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Population Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ana Diaz
- Alzheimer Europe, Senningerberg, Luxembourg
| | - Sten Hanke
- Department of Applied Informatics, Institute of eHealth, FH Joanneum - University of Applied Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - Rik Crutzen
- Department of Health Promotion, Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Francesca Mangialasche
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Medical Unit Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Miia Kivipelto
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Medical Unit Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- The Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotta Thunborg
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Medical Unit Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Caring Sciences, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
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14
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Fleck JI, Patel P, Riley E, Ferri CV. Mindset matters: contributions from grit and growth mindsets to successful aging. Aging Ment Health 2024; 28:819-827. [PMID: 37970946 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2023.2280626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Though we all age, some age more successfully than others. Health and social connections have been identified as cornerstones to successful aging, yet the contributions from psychological factors are less clear. Our goal was to examine the influence of grit and growth mindset in successful aging in middle and older age. We also assessed whether grit or growth mindset mediated the lifestyle-successful aging relationship. METHOD We used a telephone questionnaire to measure grit and growth mindset, successful aging, and lifestyle for 263 adults, ages 40-80 years. RESULTS Higher grit-effort and growth mindset predicted more successful aging in younger (40-64 years) and older groups (65-80 years). Additionally, exercise frequency predicted successful aging for the combined sample and partially mediated the relationship between growth mindset and successful aging. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal grit-effort and a growth mindset as important contributors to successful aging in middle and older adulthood. Because psychological constructs are malleable, continued study of grit and growth mindsets is essential to enable their eventual application in changing the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica I Fleck
- School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Stockton University, Galloway, NJ, USA
| | - Poorva Patel
- School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Stockton University, Galloway, NJ, USA
| | - Emma Riley
- School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Stockton University, Galloway, NJ, USA
| | - Christine V Ferri
- School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Stockton University, Galloway, NJ, USA
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15
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St Clair B, Nguyen A, Jorgensen M, Georgiou A. Adverse impacts in residential aged care facilities: The resident perspective. Australas J Ageing 2024. [PMID: 38595217 DOI: 10.1111/ajag.13306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Inclusion of consumer perspectives is a key component to person-centred health-care approaches. While current residential aged care systems focus on recording adverse events to meet the requirements of regulatory reporting, little is known about the views of residents. The aim of this research was to explore residents' responses on the types of incidents that have an adverse impact on them and how they are affected by these incidents. METHODS The study used a qualitative, inductive approach to derive themes from interviews with 20 permanent residents of aged care facilities in New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory. RESULTS Four main themes surrounding adverse incidents emerged: (i) social relationships and the adverse impacts of lack of meaningful interactions, (ii) adjustment to life in the residential aged care facility and the loss of residents' former life and self-determination, (iii) the impact of COVID-19 lockdowns which meant that residents were not able to go out or interact with others and (iv) acceptance, resignation and resilience in coping with adverse incidents. CONCLUSIONS This research highlights the difference between health-care definition, used for incident management reporting and quality indicators, and the way residents respond when asked to describe an incident that has affected them. Resident responses discuss situations having an adverse effect on them in contrast to the way adverse events and incidents are reported and monitored. The findings suggest that within adverse event and incident management systems and resident governance systems, there is scope for incorporating periods of transitions and well-being measures that capture elements that matter to older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bella St Clair
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Health Research Institute, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia
| | - Amy Nguyen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mikaela Jorgensen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andrew Georgiou
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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16
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Koren Y, Kim S, Song Q, Leveille S. Physical Activity, Social Participation, and Pain Outcomes Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Pain Manag Nurs 2024; 25:137-144. [PMID: 38151363 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmn.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known regarding the effect of social participation (SP) and physical activity (PA) on pain outcomes among community-dwelling older adults in the United States. AIMS To determine whether SP and PA are associated with pain outcomes (bothersome pain and number of pain sites). DESIGN Guided by the biopsychosocial model of chronic pain for older adults, we analyzed data from 7,187 community dwelling participants in the National Health and Aging Trends Study. In cross-sectional analyses, we utilized logistic and negative binomial regressions. METHODS We prospectively assessed the association between SP/ PA and new or worsening pain from baseline (2011) to 2021 using a discrete time survival analysis by logistic regression, controlling for sociodemographic and health characteristics. RESULTS At baseline, participation in 5 SP activities per month versus no activities, and performing any PA compared with no PA were significantly associated with lower likelihood of bothersome pain. Although SP and PA were associated with reporting fewer pain sites at baseline, SP was not associated with developing new or worsening pain, prospectively. However, walking and vigorous exercise compared with no PA was significantly associated with a 10% lower risk of developing new or worsening pain (adj odds ratio 0.90, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.82-0.98). CONCLUSIONS Physical activity but not social participation may protect against development of new or worsening pain. More research is needed to determine whether social activity can be beneficial for pain prevention and management. Efforts to promote physical activity among older adults may reduce risk of new or worsening pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Koren
- Robert and Donna Manning College of Nursing & Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Sun Kim
- Robert and Donna Manning College of Nursing & Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Qian Song
- Robert and Donna Manning College of Nursing & Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Suzanne Leveille
- Robert and Donna Manning College of Nursing & Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts
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17
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Parpucu Tİ, Keskin T, Başkurt Z, Başkurt F. Effect of Physical Performance Levels of Elderly Living in Urban and Rural Areas on Social Participation, Social Functioning, and Quality of Life: A Cross-sectional Study from the Mediterranean Region of Turkey. Niger J Clin Pract 2024; 27:297-303. [PMID: 38528348 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_854_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social interaction is a very important subject for the elderly, especially in the context of active aging. AIM This study aims to investigate the effect of physical performance levels of the elderly living in rural and urban areas on social participation, social functioning, and quality of life. METHODS A total of 418 volunteer elderly aged 65 and over, living in rural (42.3%) and urban (57.7%) areas, participated in this study. The Mini-Mental State Examination, Short Physical Performance Battery, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale for Older Adults, Social Functioning Scale, and the Community Integration Questionnaire were applied to participants. RESULTS The scores of social functioning (P = 0.027) and the social network subscale of social participation (P = 0.001) were significantly higher among participants living in urban areas compared to those living in rural areas. Physical performance was positively correlated with social participation (r = 0.404) and social functioning (r = 0.324) at a moderate level (P = 0.000), and with quality of life at a low level (r = 0.158) (P = 0.001). Social participation was positively correlated with social functioning at a high level (r = 0.572) and with quality of life at a moderate level (r = 0.300) (P = 0.000). Social functioning was positively correlated with quality of life at a low level (r = 0.234) (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION To increase social participation, social functioning, and quality of life among the elderly, it is necessary to keep physical performance levels higher. In addition, in the planning of social participation, it is crucial to take into account where the elderly live in.
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Affiliation(s)
- T İ Parpucu
- Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Süleyman Demirel University Isparta, Turkey
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18
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Gao Y, Chen L, Jia Z, Zhao L, Yang Y, Liu C. Social participation and health in middle-aged and older empty nesters: A study on gender differences. SSM Popul Health 2024; 25:101641. [PMID: 38440107 PMCID: PMC10910328 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The growing population of middle-aged and older empty nesters is characterized by poorer health, and social participation (SP) has been shown to improve this situation. However, few studies have investigated specific performance and gender differences between SP and health. The present study aims to address these issues. Methods A total of 1207 middle-aged and older empty nesters over 45 years old were selected from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS, 2011-2018). Random-effects analyses were used to explore the association between changes in SP (diversity, frequency, type) and changes in health status. Health status include physical health, mental health, self-reported health (SRH). Results Female middle-aged and olderly empty nesters have significantly poorer health and participate in SP more frequently. The higher the diversity of SP, the better the health of middle-aged and olderly empty nesters, while higher frequency is beneficial to SRH. Female's participation in sports and Internet had better mental health and SRH, and mahjong helped female's mental health. Clubs are helpful for male's SRH. Conclusions This study reveals the specifics of the association between SP and health status of middle-aged and older empty nesters. Therefore, all aspects of SP and gender differences should be taken into account when predicting and improving the health status. Help the government to better formulate policies to better cope with the increasing empty nest phenomenon and build a harmonious and stable society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Gao
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, No. 17923, Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan City, shandong Province, 250061, China
| | - Lu Chen
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, No. 17923, Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan City, shandong Province, 250061, China
| | - Zhihao Jia
- School of Sports Science and Physical Education, Nanjing Normal University, No. 1, Wenyuan Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, China
| | - Liangyu Zhao
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, No. 17923, Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan City, shandong Province, 250061, China
| | - Yuke Yang
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, No. 17923, Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan City, shandong Province, 250061, China
| | - Chenchen Liu
- School of Medical Information Engineering, Jining Medical University, No 133 Hehua Road, Jining City, shandong Province, 272067, China
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19
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Chan SCY, Huang QL, Fung CK. Associations among social participation types, mental and subjective well-being in Chinese older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24 Suppl 1:364-369. [PMID: 37726869 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study investigated the relationships between specific types of social participation and well-being variables (i.e., life satisfaction, positive affect, negative affect, symptoms of depression and anxiety) in Chinese older adults in Hong Kong. METHODS This study was a cross-sectional study. A convenience sample of 341 participants aged 55-95 years (mean, 70.92; SD, 9.03) was recruited to complete a survey questionnaire during the COVID-19 pandemic (between April and June 2022). Five hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationships between different types of social participation (physical, cultural, recreational, religious, and voluntary work) and outcome variables. RESULTS After controlling for covariates, it was revealed that only physical activities were associated with all outcome variables. Religious and cultural activities were positively related to positive affect, while an inverse relationship was found between recreational activities and anxiety. CONCLUSIONS With the restrictions on social participation arising from the COVID-19 pandemic, these findings suggest that promoting different types of social interactions might foster various aspects of well-being in Chinese older adults. To achieve successful aging, the role of physical activities might be of paramount importance even under adverse situations. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 364-369.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Cheong Yu Chan
- Felizberta Lo Padilla Tong School of Social Sciences, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Tseung Kwan O, Hong Kong
| | - Qi Lu Huang
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Cheuk Ki Fung
- School of Arts and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong
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20
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Wing JJ, Rajczyk JI, Burke JF. Geographic Variation of Prevalence of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias in Central Appalachia. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 101:99-109. [PMID: 39121122 PMCID: PMC11365743 DOI: 10.3233/jad-240528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2024]
Abstract
Background Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) prevalence varies geographically in the United States. Objective To assess whether the geographic variation of ADRD in Central Appalachia is explained by county-level sociodemographics or access to care. Methods Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Public Use Files from 2015- 2018 were used to estimate county-level ADRD prevalence among all fee-for-service (FFS) beneficiaries with≥1 inpatient, skilled nursing facility, home health agency, hospital outpatient or Carrier claim with a valid ADRD ICD-9/10 code over three-years in Central Appalachia (Kentucky, North Carolina, Ohio, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia). Negative binomial regression was used to estimate prevalence overall, by Appalachian/non-Appalachian designation, and by rural/urban classification. Models were then adjusted for county-level: 1) FFS demographics (age, gender, and Medicaid eligibility), comorbidities; 2) population sociodemographics (race/ethnicity, education, aging population distribution, and renter-occupied housing); and 3) diagnostic access (PCP visits, neurology visits, and imaging scans). Results Across the 591 counties in the Central Appalachian region, the average prevalence of ADRD from 2015- 2018 was 11.8%. ADRD prevalence was modestly higher for Appalachian counties both overall (PR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.04) and after adjustment (PR: 1.02; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.03) compared to non-Appalachian counties. This difference was similar among rural and urban counties (p = 0.326) but varied by state (p = 0.004). Conclusions The relative variation in ADRD prevalence in the Appalachian region was smaller than hypothesized. The case mixture of the dual eligible population, accuracy of the outcome measurement, and impact of educational attainment in this region may contribute to this observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey J. Wing
- Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jenna I. Rajczyk
- Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - James F. Burke
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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Buchholz M, Zöllinger I, Thyrian JR, Luppa M, Zülke A, Döhring J, Lunden L, Sanftenberg L, Brettschneider C, Czock D, Frese T, Gensichen J, Hoffmann W, Kaduszkiewicz H, König HH, Wiese B, Riedel-Heller SG, Blotenberg I. Factors Associated with Lower Social Activity in German Older Adults at Increased Risk of Dementia: A Cross-Sectional Analysis. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 98:1443-1455. [PMID: 38607756 DOI: 10.3233/jad-231226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Background Studies demonstrate associations between low social activity in older adults and cognitive decline. Little has been investigated regarding which factors are associated with low social activity in older adults at increased risk of dementia. Objective We investigate which sociodemographic, psychological, health-related, and environmental factors are associated with low social activity in older adults at increased risk of dementia. Additionally, we describe the stages of health behavior change, the types of social activities, and the duration of the current level of social activity. Methods We used baseline data of 1,015 participants from the AgeWell.de trial. We conducted logistic and Poisson regression analyses to investigate factors associated with low social activity. We report descriptive statistics on the stages of change in the sample, the types of social activities most frequently pursued, and the duration of the current level of social activity. Results Lower income, non-usage of public transport, depressive symptoms, cognitive, mobility, and hearing impairment were negatively associated with social activity. The majority of the sample was in the maintenance stage, followed by the precontemplation stage. The most common social activities were traveling and hobbies with others. Participants have maintained their current level of social activity for several years. Conclusions We identified a lack of resources (income, transport), depressive symptoms and poorer health (cognitive, mobility and hearing impairment) as barriers to social activity. Interventions promoting social activity in older adults at risk of dementia may specifically target individuals with these risk factors. Low-threshold opportunities for social activity may be particularly beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maresa Buchholz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Greifswald, Germany
| | - Isabel Zöllinger
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Jochen René Thyrian
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Greifswald, Germany
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald (UMG), Greifswald, Germany
- University of Siegen, Faculty V: School of Life Sciences, Siegen, Germany
| | - Melanie Luppa
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andrea Zülke
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Juliane Döhring
- Institute of General Practice, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Laura Lunden
- Institute of General Practice, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Linda Sanftenberg
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Brettschneider
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - David Czock
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Frese
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Jochen Gensichen
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hoffmann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Greifswald, Germany
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald (UMG), Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Hans-Helmut König
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Birgitt Wiese
- MHH Information Technology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Steffi G Riedel-Heller
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Iris Blotenberg
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Greifswald, Germany
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22
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Bollenbach L, Niermann C, Schmitz J, Kanning M. Social participation in the city: exploring the moderating effect of walkability on the associations between active mobility, neighborhood perceptions, and social activities in urban adults. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2450. [PMID: 38062419 PMCID: PMC10701942 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17366-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Living in urban environments is associated with several health risks (e.g., noise, and air pollution). However, there are also beneficial aspects such as various opportunities for social activities, which might increase levels of social participation and (physically) active mobility that in turn have positive effects on health and well-being. However, how aspects of the environment, active mobility, and social participation are associated is not well established. This study investigates the moderating effect of low vs. high walkability neighborhoods on the associations between active mobility, and social participation and integrates individuals' subjective perception of the neighborhood environment they are living in. METHODS Cross-sectional data from 219 adults (48% female, mean age = 46 ± 3.8 years) from 12 urban neighborhoods (six low, six high walkability) were analyzed: First, social participation, active mobility, and subjective neighborhood perceptions were compared between people living in a low vs. high walkability neighborhood via t-tests. Second, multigroup path analyses were computed to explore potential differences in the associations between these variables in low vs. high walkability neighborhoods. RESULTS Social participation, active mobility, and subjective neighborhood perceptions didn't differ in low vs. high walkability neighborhoods (p: 0.37 - 0.71). Active mobility and subjective neighborhood perceptions were significantly stronger related to social participation in low vs. high walkability neighborhoods (active mobility in low: ß = 0.35, p < .01 vs. high: ß = 0.09, p = .36; subjective neighborhood perceptions in low: ß = 0.27, p < .01 vs. high: ß = 0.15, p = .18). CONCLUSIONS Despite living in neighborhoods with objectively different walkability, participants rated social participation and active mobility equally and perceived their neighborhoods similarly. However, zooming into the interrelations of these variables reveals that social participation of residents from low walkability neighborhoods depends stronger on active mobility and perceiving the environment positively. Positive perceptions of the environment and active mobility might buffer the objectively worse walkability. Future research should focus on underlying mechanisms and determinants of subjective neighborhood perceptions and active mobility, especially in low walkability neighborhoods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Bollenbach
- Department of Social and Health Sciences in Sport Science, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Christina Niermann
- Department of Social and Health Sciences in Sport Science, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julian Schmitz
- Research Institute for Regional and Urban Development gGmbH, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Martina Kanning
- Department of Social and Health Sciences in Sport Science, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
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23
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Janke TM, Kozon V, Barysch M, Valiukeviciene S, Rackauskaite L, Reich A, Stępień K, Jankechova M, van Montfrans C, Amesz S, Conde Montero E, Augustin M, Blome C. How does a chronic wound change a patient's social life? A European survey on social support and social participation. Int Wound J 2023; 20:4138-4150. [PMID: 37475498 PMCID: PMC10681541 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic wounds can severely limit patient's social life. This cross-sectional study investigated quantitatively social support of patients with chronic wounds, its association with health-related quality of life as well as qualitatively changes in social participation of these patients. Overall, 263 patients from seven countries participated. The most frequent wound class was leg ulcer (49.2%). Results revealed generally high levels of social support (mean global score: 5.5) as measured with the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. However, individuals differed considerably (range 1.0-7.0). All dimensions of social support differed by patients' family and living situations (p < 0.001 to p = 0.040) and were positively correlated with generic health-related quality of life (r = 0.136-0.172). Having children, living with others and being in a relationship were significant predictors of having higher global social support. Patients reported great support from family members. Many participants reported no changes in relationships with friends. Wound care managers took an important role and provided additional emotional support. Patients reported a range of discontinued activities. Despite the high overall level of social support, inter-individual differences should be acknowledged. The importance of family carers should be acknowledged to be able to reduce caregiver burden and to ensure high-qualitative wound care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni Maria Janke
- Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP)University Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf (UKE)HamburgGermany
| | - Vlastimil Kozon
- Society Wound Diagnosis and Wound Management AustriaVienna Medical AcademyViennaAustria
| | - Marjam Barysch
- Department of DermatologyUniversity Hospital ZurichZürichSwitzerland
| | - Skaidra Valiukeviciene
- Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases, Lithuanian University of Health SciencesHospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno KlinikosKaunasLithuania
| | - Laura Rackauskaite
- Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases, Lithuanian University of Health SciencesHospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno KlinikosKaunasLithuania
| | - Adam Reich
- Department of Dermatology, Institute of Medical SciencesMedical College of Rzeszow UniversityRzeszówPoland
| | - Katarzyna Stępień
- Department of Dermatology, Institute of Medical SciencesMedical College of Rzeszow UniversityRzeszówPoland
| | - Monika Jankechova
- Faculty of Health and Social Work St. Ladislaw in Nove ZamkyUniversity of Health and Social Work St. Elisabeth in BratislavaBratislavaSlovakia
| | | | - Stella Amesz
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Nursing ScienceUniversity Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Elena Conde Montero
- DermatologyHospital Universitario Infanta Leonor y Virgen de la TorreMadridSpain
| | - Matthias Augustin
- Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP)University Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf (UKE)HamburgGermany
| | - Christine Blome
- Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP)University Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf (UKE)HamburgGermany
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24
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Yılmaz M, Uyanık G, Ağartıoğlu Kundakçı G, Subaşı Baybuğa M, Altay B, Cingil D, Bakan AB, Aktaş B, Çapık C, Erol S, Pehlivan Ş, Fidan G. Social Participation of Older Adults in Rural and Urban Areas: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Turkey. J Aging Soc Policy 2023:1-18. [PMID: 38007621 DOI: 10.1080/08959420.2023.2286162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Social participation is important in terms of active aging and quality of life during old age. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the social participation of older adults in rural and urban areas in Turkey. Related factors were similarly identified. The sample comprised 1,224 people over the age of 60, with a mean of 69.78 ± 7.48 years. Among the participants, 61.4% live in urban areas. The data were collected in family health centers through face-to-face interview and the Interview Form, Social Participation Assessment Form, and Social Participation Dimension of the Turkish Version of the Aging Module of the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL) Scale. The scores obtained from the social participation dimension of the scale among the elderly in urban areas were higher than those obtained among the elderly in rural areas (p = .002). In addition, older adults in the urban areas who talked on the phone several times a month (p = .025), went to concerts, theater/cinema, museum/exhibition, various visual/musical shows (p = .046), and engaged in gardening (p = .032) obtained higher scores in the social participation dimension than the other participants. Health care professionals should take an advocacy role in building relationships with policy makers and create suitable socialization opportunities for older adults in urban and rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medine Yılmaz
- Public Health Nursing Department, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gülçin Uyanık
- Public Health Nursing Department, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | | | - Birsen Altay
- Public Health Nursing Department, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Dilek Cingil
- Public Health Nursing Department, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | | | - Betül Aktaş
- Public Health Nursing Department, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Cantürk Çapık
- Public Health Nursing Department, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Saime Erol
- Public Health Nursing Department, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Şenay Pehlivan
- Public Health Nursing Department, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Gülfer Fidan
- Public Health Nursing Department, Mugla Sıtkı Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey
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25
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Rodrigues CE, Grandt CL, Alwafa RA, Badrasawi M, Aleksandrova K. Determinants and indicators of successful aging as a multidimensional outcome: a systematic review of longitudinal studies. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1258280. [PMID: 38074742 PMCID: PMC10703300 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1258280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Successful aging (SA) has been coined as a term to describe the multidimensional aspects associated with achieving optimal combination of physical and mental health along with social well-being health, mental and social well-being at older age. In recent years there has been an increased interest in understanding the role of determinants of SA, such as demographic, biological, behavioral, psychological and social factors. To synthesize the recent evidence, we conducted a systematic review of longitudinal studies on a range of determinants and indicators of SA defined as a multidimensional outcome. Methods A systematic search of PubMed, MEDLINE and Web of Science for finding eligible papers published between August 2016 and June 2023 was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (Registration number: CRD42021250200). The web-based automated screening tool-Rayyan-was used for title and abstract screening. The study quality was assessed using the Quality in Prognosis Studies (QUIPS) tool. Results A total of 3,191 records were initially identified using the predefined search strategy. Out of 289 articles selected for full text screening, 22 were found eligible and included in the review. A variety of factors have been explored in relation to SA, ranging from socio-demographic factors, nutrition, lifestyle, biological pathways, psychological health, and well-being. Overall, the results of recent studies have confirmed the role of metabolic health, adherence to healthy dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean diet, physical activity, non-smoking, and higher socio-economic status as main factors associated with higher odds for SA. Emerging research highlights the role of psycho-social factors and early life health as determinants of SA. Conclusion In summary, this review highlights the importance of healthy living and monitoring metabolic risk along with sustaining psychological well-being in adult life as major determinants of SA. Further methodological and research work on SA would pave the way toward development of adequate health promotion policies in aging societies. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021250200, CRD42021250200.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caue Egea Rodrigues
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Caine Lucas Grandt
- Department Epidemiological Methods and Etiological Research, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology–BIPS, Bremen, Germany
- Faculty of Human and Health Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Reem Abu Alwafa
- Faculty of Agriculture, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Manal Badrasawi
- Faculty of Agriculture, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Krasimira Aleksandrova
- Department Epidemiological Methods and Etiological Research, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology–BIPS, Bremen, Germany
- Faculty of Human and Health Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
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26
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Olsson Möller U, Zingmark M, Ekstrand J, Haak M. The Content of Physiotherapy and Factors Impacting on Reablement - A National Study. J Multidiscip Healthc 2023; 16:3075-3088. [PMID: 37881528 PMCID: PMC10596052 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s415112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Reablement is a multidisciplinary intervention aimed at promoting function and independence for people with functional decline. Detailed descriptions of various professions' actions are needed for organization and evaluation of reablement services. This study describes physiotherapy practice in a reablement context in Swedish municipalities, focusing on the content and magnitude of interventions. Methods Physiotherapists (n=108) from 34 municipalities answered a web-based survey covering the target group, content and duration of their actions, and number of contacts initiated over a 3-week period. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression. Results Overall, 1005 cases were reported, with a mean age of 78.9 years (SD: 11.7); about 91% (n=912) were aged ≥65 and 61% (n=612) were women. About 70% were allocated to home care; 16% (n=160) of these had minor functional limitations (eg, needing safety alarms/help with domestic tasks), and 55% (n=550) had major functional limitations (eg, needing help with personal activities of daily living). The most reported actions were providing technical aids (60.8%, n=576), instructions/counseling (41.5%, n=393), walking/climbing stairs (27.6%, n=262), strength training (27.2%, n=258), and fall prevention (25.5%, n=242). Almost half of the cases included one action (n=494) and about 89% (n=890) targeted primary needs (body functions, walking indoors, self-care, or domestic life), mainly in clients with major functional limitations (odds ratio=2.96; 95% confidence interval: 1.95-4.49). About 50% (n=517) of the cases involved 1-2 contacts; about 55% (n=549) were completed within 3 weeks. Exercise was associated with ≥6 visits over ≥7 weeks. Supervision of home care staff was performed in 19.1% (n=181) of cases. Conclusion Reablement physiotherapy mostly comprises a few actions over a relatively short period. Whether this is a conscious strategy based on the purpose of home-based physiotherapy or clients' needs and wishes, or conversely an expression of limited resources, remains to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrika Olsson Möller
- Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Magnus Zingmark
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Epidemiology and Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Health and Social Care Administration, Municipality of Östersund, Östersund, Sweden
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Joakim Ekstrand
- Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
| | - Maria Haak
- Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
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27
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Chen CC, Lan YL, Yan YH. Empirical study on the factors influencing the successful aging of the middle-aged and older adult community volunteers. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1140965. [PMID: 37869203 PMCID: PMC10586499 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1140965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The pursuit of successful aging is currently the most important research and policy issue in an aging society. Participating in voluntary services can help middle-aged and older adults recognize the positive value and benefits of social participation, feel a sense of happiness and accomplishment, and improve their overall life satisfaction, which can also contribute to successful aging. This study wants to understand whether the participation motivation and expectation confirmation of middle-aged and older adult volunteering will affect their continuous participation behavior and successful aging because of the satisfaction of actual participation? Objective This study explores the factors related to middle-aged and older adult volunteering participation and their impact on successful aging. Methods Middle-aged and older adult volunteering from the East Taiwan Community Development Association and community care centers were taken as the research objects. Convenience sampling was used to select volunteers who were over 45 years old (inclusive) and have participated in voluntary services over five (inclusive) times in the last 6 months. Respondents completed the questionnaire through self-completion or face-to-face interviews with the interviewer. The measurement tools include engagement motivation, expectation validation, satisfaction, ongoing engagement, and successful aging. Results A total of 536 questionnaires were distributed of which 498 were valid and 38 invalid. The questionnaire recovery rate was 92.91%. Statistical findings include: (1) Those who perceived that their health was good had a better successful aging status than those who perceived that their health was normal. (2) The volunteering participation motivation and expectation confirmation of middle-aged and older adults significantly affected their volunteer participation satisfaction. (3) Participation motivation and expectation confirmation predicted 50.8% of satisfaction. (4) Satisfaction predicted 47.1% of continuous participation. (5) Continuous participation and satisfaction had a predictive power of 65.1% for successful aging. Conclusion This study confirms that the motivation and expectation of middle-aged and older adult to participate in volunteering will affect their continuous participation behavior and successful aging status through satisfaction. The research results can be used as a reference for the practical work plan of volunteering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Chih Chen
- Department of Future Studies and LOHAS Industry, Fo Guang University, Yilan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Li Lan
- Department of Health Administration, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hua Yan
- Superintendent Office, Tainan Municipal Hospital (Managed by Show Chwan Medical Care Corporation), Tainan, Taiwan
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28
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Bernabé E, de Oliveira C, de Oliveira Duarte YA, Bof de Andrade F, Sabbah W. Social participation and tooth loss, vision, and hearing impairments among older Brazilian adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 2023; 71:3152-3162. [PMID: 37227109 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.18423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vision and hearing impairments can reduce participation in social activities. Given the prominent role of the mouth in face-to-face interactions, this study evaluated the associations of tooth loss, vision, and hearing impairments with social participation among older adults. METHODS This analysis included 1947 participants, aged 60+ years, who participated in three waves (2006, 2010, and 2015) of the Health, Wellbeing and Aging Study (SABE) in Brazil. Social participation was measured by the number of formal and informal social activities (requiring face-to-face interaction) participants were regularly involved in. Teeth were counted during clinical examinations and categorized as 0, 1-19, and 20+ teeth. Reports on vision and hearing impairments were classified into three categories (good, regular, and poor). The associations of each impairment with the 9-year change in the social participation score were tested in negative binomial mixed-effects models adjusting for time-variant and time-invariant covariates. RESULTS Each impairment was associated with the baseline social participation score and the annual rate of change in the social participation score. Participants with 1-19 (incidence rate ratio: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.91-1.01) and no teeth (0.92, 95% CI: 0.87-0.97), those with regular (0.98, 95% CI: 0.95-1.01) and poor vision (0.86, 95% CI: 0.81-0.90), and those with regular (0.94, 95% CI: 0.91-0.98) and poor hearing (0.91, 95% CI: 0.87-0.95) had lower baseline social participation scores than those with 20+ teeth, good vision, and good hearing, respectively. Furthermore, participants with 1-19 (0.996, 95% CI: 0.990-1.002) and no teeth (0.994, 95% CI: 0.987-0.999), those with regular (0.996, 95% CI: 0.992-0.999) and poor vision (0.997, 95% CI: 0.991-1.003), and those with regular (0.997, 95% CI: 0.992-1.001) and poor hearing (0.995, 95% CI: 0.990-0.999) had greater annual declines in the social participation score than those with 20+ teeth, good vision and good hearing, respectively. CONCLUSION This 9-year longitudinal study shows that tooth loss, vision, and hearing impairments are associated with reduced social participation among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Bernabé
- Institute of Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Cesar de Oliveira
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Wael Sabbah
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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29
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Iwasaki M, Shirobe M, Motokawa K, Hayakawa M, Miura K, Kalantar L, Edahiro A, Kawai H, Fujiwara Y, Ihara K, Watanabe Y, Obuchi S, Hirano H. Validation of self-reported articulatory oral motor skill against objectively measured repetitive articulatory rate in community-dwelling older Japanese adults: The Otassha Study. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23:729-735. [PMID: 37673795 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess the validity of self-reported articulatory oral motor skill against objectively measured repetitive articulatory rate (oral diadochokinesis [oral-DDK]) as a gold standard index for articulatory oral motor skill in community-dwelling older Japanese adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 607 Japanese adults (mean age = 73.9 years). A single-item self-report questionnaire for articulatory oral motor skill was developed. Study participants completed a 1-month-interval test-retest protocol to assess reliability of the questionnaire, and the protocol was tested by the kappa statistic. Oral-DDK with /ta/ (i.e., the number of repetitions of the monosyllable /ta/ per second) was measured during the on-site examination. Low oral-DDK performance was defined as <5.2 times/s in men and <5.4 times/s in women. Oral-DDK performance, oral functions other than articulatory oral motor skill, and physical frailty were compared in the groups with and without self-reported low articulatory oral motor skill as determined by the response to the questionnaire. RESULTS Self-reported low articulatory oral motor skill was identified in 18.5% of the study population. The self-report questionnaire had good test-retest reliability, with a kappa statistic of 0.71. Self-reported low articulatory oral motor skill was significantly associated with a lower value of oral-DDK with /ta/ and a higher proportion of low oral-DDK performance, difficulties in chewing and swallowing, dry mouth, and physical frailty. Self-report had high specificity (83.1%) but low sensitivity (42.1%) for detecting low oral-DDK performance. CONCLUSIONS A single-item self-report questionnaire for articulatory oral motor skill had acceptable test-retest reliability and was associated with objectively measured articulatory oral motor skill. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23: 729-735.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Iwasaki
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Preventive Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Science, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Maki Shirobe
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Motokawa
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Misato Hayakawa
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Miura
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Lena Kalantar
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayako Edahiro
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisashi Kawai
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazushige Ihara
- Department of Social Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Aomori, Japan
| | - Yutaka Watanabe
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shuichi Obuchi
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirohiko Hirano
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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30
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Hernández-López MJ, Ruzafa-Martínez M, Leal-Costa C, Ramos-Morcillo AJ, Díaz-García I, López-Pérez MV, Hernández-Méndez S, García-González J. Effects of a Clinical Simulation-Based Training Program for Nursing Students to Address Social Isolation and Loneliness in the Elderly: A Quasi-Experimental Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2587. [PMID: 37761784 PMCID: PMC10531334 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11182587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The population of older adults is rapidly increasing worldwide, presenting both prospects and complexities for society and healthcare professionals to maximize the functional capacity of this age group. Social isolation and loneliness significantly affect this population. The objective was to determine the effectiveness, satisfaction, and perceptions of the simulation-based education practices of a training program for nursing students, which was created to palliate the social isolation and loneliness of older adults. METHOD A quasi-experimental study was conducted with nursing students who participated in an online training program using teleservice based on high-fidelity clinical simulation. The program included asynchronous theoretical training and synchronous practical training using an online platform. Five scenarios were designed using simulated phone calls to address the social isolation and loneliness of older adults. RESULTS Twenty-five nursing students participated in the program, and they had a mean age of 27.44, with 76% of them being women. After the training program, the participants showed statistically significant improvements (p < 0.05) with respect to their knowledge and attitudes towards older adults, and the program was adapted to the best educational practices in simulations. CONCLUSIONS Simulation-based online training efficiently improved the knowledge and attitudes of nursing students towards older adults, improving their ability to address social isolation and loneliness. The high satisfaction and adhesion to the best educational practices underline the usefulness of high-fidelity online simulations, especially in situations in which face-to-face training is not feasible, and accessibility and equilibrium could be guaranteed between work and personal life.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Jesús Hernández-López
- Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, University of Murcia, Av de las Fuerzas Armadas, 30800 Lorca, Spain; (M.J.H.-L.); (I.D.-G.); (M.V.L.-P.); (S.H.-M.)
| | - María Ruzafa-Martínez
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Murcia, Av. Buenavista, 32, El Palmar, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (M.R.-M.); (A.J.R.-M.)
| | - César Leal-Costa
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Murcia, Av. Buenavista, 32, El Palmar, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (M.R.-M.); (A.J.R.-M.)
| | - Antonio Jesús Ramos-Morcillo
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Murcia, Av. Buenavista, 32, El Palmar, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (M.R.-M.); (A.J.R.-M.)
| | - Isidora Díaz-García
- Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, University of Murcia, Av de las Fuerzas Armadas, 30800 Lorca, Spain; (M.J.H.-L.); (I.D.-G.); (M.V.L.-P.); (S.H.-M.)
| | - María Verónica López-Pérez
- Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, University of Murcia, Av de las Fuerzas Armadas, 30800 Lorca, Spain; (M.J.H.-L.); (I.D.-G.); (M.V.L.-P.); (S.H.-M.)
| | - Solanger Hernández-Méndez
- Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, University of Murcia, Av de las Fuerzas Armadas, 30800 Lorca, Spain; (M.J.H.-L.); (I.D.-G.); (M.V.L.-P.); (S.H.-M.)
| | - Jessica García-González
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Almeria, Carr. Sacramento, s/n, La Cañada, 04120 Almería, Spain;
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Wang X, Zhang C, Luan W. Social isolation, depression, nutritional status and quality of life during COVID-19 among Chinese community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e072305. [PMID: 37723110 PMCID: PMC10510871 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This survey investigated the relationship between social isolation, depression, nutritional status and quality of life among community-dwelling older adults during COVID-19. DESIGN This was a cross-sectional survey study. SETTING Communities in Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China that have contracted with Renji Hospital, affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. PARTICIPANTS From May to July 2022, 406 community-dwelling older adults were selected by convenience sampling in Shanghai, China. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES The Lubben Social Network Scale, Geriatric Depression Scale, 36-item Short Form Health Survey Scale and risk assessment of malnutrition were used in older adults. Mediation models were constructed to determine the mediating role of depression and nutritional status on social isolation and quality of life among older adults. RESULTS The prevalence of social isolation among older adults in the community was 44.3%. The total social isolation score in community-dwelling older adults was positively associated with the total malnutrition risk and quality of life scores, and negatively associated with depression (p<0.01). Logistic regression demonstrated that living alone, loss of families or friends during COVID-19 and depression were risk factors for social isolation among community-dwelling older adults (p<0.05). Social isolation could directly affect the quality of life (β=0.306). In addition, depression (β=0.334) and nutritional status (β=0.058) had a significant mediating effect on the relationship between social isolation and quality of life. CONCLUSIONS Our findings showed that the prevalence of social isolation among older adults increased during COVID-19. Depression and nutritional status played parallel mediating roles on the effect of social isolation on quality of life. Community workers and healthcare providers should develop intervention plans to improve the status of social isolation in older adults, eliminating existing and ongoing adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Wang
- Nursing Department, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Nursing, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengrui Zhang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Nursing, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Luan
- Nursing Department, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China
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Brotherton M, Stancliffe RJ, O'Loughlin K, Wilson NJ. From mainstream employment to mainstream retirement: A randomised controlled trial of a transition to retirement intervention for adults with intellectual disability. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2023; 36:1013-1024. [PMID: 37106266 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated a transition to retirement intervention that adapted strategies used to support employment of people with intellectual disability in mainstream workplaces. The intervention facilitated their independent participation in mainstream community groups and volunteering. METHODS We randomised 29 older Australians who currently/previously worked in mainstream employment into an intervention group or wait-list control group. Hours of independent participation in target activities were collected before and after the 13-week initial intervention/waiting period, and at 52 weeks for intervention participants. RESULTS Six of the 12 intervention participants selected an activity and increased hours of independent participation following 13 weeks in the Keeping Active (KA) program and eight were independently accessing their selected activity at 52-week follow-up. None of the 19 wait-list participants increased their independent participation after 13 weeks. CONCLUSIONS The intervention was effective and highlighted the need to account for factors such as participant choice in evaluation of individualised programs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kate O'Loughlin
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nathan J Wilson
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
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Schmidt L, Johnson S, Rebecca Genoe M, Jeffery B, Crawford J. Physical Activity and Social Interaction among Rural Older Adults in Saskatchewan during COVID-19. Can J Aging 2023; 42:375-385. [PMID: 37492884 DOI: 10.1017/s0714980822000514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical activity and social interaction among rural older adults are important, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic when restrictions on physical gatherings were placed. The purpose of this qualitative study was to gain a deeper understanding of rural older adults' experience with physical activity and social interaction during the COVID-19 pandemic. An interpretative phenomenological approach was used to explore the experience of 10 older adults, 67-82 years of age, from rural communities throughout Saskatchewan. Findings revealed that many rural older adults acknowledged the health benefits of physical and social activities and experienced loneliness when COVID-19 restrictions were placed, even when living with a partner. For some, the restrictions placed on physical and social activity provided a welcome break from daily responsibilities. Rural communities, often at a disadvantage, were also perceived by participants as being protected against COVID-19. The resilience demonstrated among rural participants to persevere and adapt to their changing environment during the pandemic was evident in the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie Schmidt
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies, University of Regina, Regina, SK, Canada
| | - Shanthi Johnson
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies, University of Regina, Regina, SK, Canada
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - M Rebecca Genoe
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies, University of Regina, Regina, SK, Canada
| | - Bonnie Jeffery
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Regina, Prince Albert Campus, Prince Albert, SK, Canada
| | - Jennifer Crawford
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies, University of Regina, Regina, SK, Canada
- Waypoint Centre for Mental Health Care, Waypoint Research Institute, Penetanguishene, ON, Canada
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Schröder D, Müllenmeister C, Heinemann S, Hummers E, Klawonn F, Vahldiek K, Dopfer-Jablonka A, Steffens S, Mikuteit M, Niewolik J, Overbeck TR, Kallusky J, Königs G, Heesen G, Schmachtenberg T, Müller F. Social participation during the COVID-19 pandemic in persons with a high risk for a severe course of COVID-19 - results of a longitudinal, multi-center observational study in Germany. Health Psychol Behav Med 2023; 11:2249534. [PMID: 37645515 PMCID: PMC10461510 DOI: 10.1080/21642850.2023.2249534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The COVID-19 pandemic has affected how people go about their daily lives, often in various and substantial ways. This study aims to prospectively evaluate the changes in social participation during the COVID-19 pandemic in persons with a high risk for a severe COVID-19 course in Germany. Methods A paper-pencil-based survey was conducted starting at March 2021. Participants filled out questionnaires at four time points based on their COVID-19 vaccination status: before COVID-19 vaccination, one month, six months and twelve months after COVID-19 vaccination. Social participation measures included the Pandemic Social Participation Questionnaire (PSP-Q) and the Index for measuring participation restrictions (IMET). Repeated measures ANOVA and paired t-test were used to test for changes between time-points. Repeated measures correlation was used to assess the relationship between social participation and local COVID-19 incidences. Results Data from 245 participants was analyzed before and one month after COVID-19 vaccination. In addition, data from 156 participants was analyzed at time points one, six and twelve months after COVID-19. PSP-Q and IMET scores changed significantly after participants received a COVID-19 vaccination. Between one month and twelve months after vaccination, social participation improved significantly measured by PSP-Q. Social participation was negatively correlated with regional COVID-19 incidences before and after COVID-19 vaccination. Social participation was positively correlated with COVID-19 incidences between one month and twelve months after COVID-19 vaccination. Conclusions Social participation improved in persons with a high risk for a severe COVID-19 course during the pandemic. The local COVID-19 incidence showed a negative association with social participation only until the fall of 2021 when it was used as the sole metric to regulate COVID-19 protective measures. Although our data describes the trends in social participation, further studies are needed to identify the influencing factors for the observed increase in social participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Schröder
- Department of General Practice, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Stephanie Heinemann
- Department of General Practice, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Geriatrics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Eva Hummers
- Department of General Practice, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Frank Klawonn
- Department of Computer Science, Ostfalia University of Applied Sciences, Wolfenbuettel, Germany
- Biostatistics Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infecwetion Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Kai Vahldiek
- Department of Computer Science, Ostfalia University of Applied Sciences, Wolfenbuettel, Germany
| | - Alexandra Dopfer-Jablonka
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Sandra Steffens
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marie Mikuteit
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Niewolik
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tobias R. Overbeck
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jonathan Kallusky
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gloria Königs
- Department of General Practice, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gloria Heesen
- Department of General Practice, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tim Schmachtenberg
- Department of General Practice, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Frank Müller
- Department of General Practice, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
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Zhu D, Al Mahmud A, Liu W. Social connections and participation among people with mild cognitive impairment: barriers and recommendations. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1188887. [PMID: 37476544 PMCID: PMC10356108 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1188887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Social connections and participation are essential for individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to prevent the progression of cognitive decline and enhance their overall well-being. However, existing research has primarily focused on environmental barriers, overlooking personal factors and the interconnected nature of these barriers. Moreover, there is a lack of understanding regarding social connections and participation challenges specific to people with MCI in low- and middle-income countries. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the barriers that hinder social connections and participation among people with MCI in China and investigate opportunities to design appropriate supportive interventions. Methods Thirty-one people with MCI (13 males and 18 females; mean age = 82.74 years, SD = 7.69; mean MoCA score = 21.26, SD = 2.44) and 13 caregivers were recruited to attend focus groups. In addition, 10 therapists were interviewed using a semi-structured interview guide. Focus groups and interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using a framework analysis approach. Results We found that the ability to build social connections among people with MCI is affected by mobility challenges, intensive grandparenting responsibilities, availability of suitable activities, and feelings of exclusion in a closed-minded community environment. Personal reasons, such as lower social efficacy, inability to find suitable social activities, and intensive family responsibilities, discourage people with MCI from social participation. The digital literacy of people with MCI depends on their motivation to learn and use digital tools; people with MCI who live in a community have a higher digital literacy than those living in care centers. The motivation to achieve digital literacy is affected by perceived benefits, costs of technology use, and social influence. Conclusion Multidimensional initiatives are needed to address barriers to social connections, participation, and technology adoption among individuals with MCI. This includes organizing and engaging in social activities, promoting awareness and education on the importance of social participation, and exploring technology-based interventions to improve memory and storytelling abilities. These efforts can create a supportive environment and empower individuals with MCI to participate actively in social interactions, enhancing their overall well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhu
- Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia
- Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Wei Liu
- Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Ho M, Pullenayegum E, Fuller-Thomson E. Is Social Participation Associated with Successful Aging among Older Canadians? Findings from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6058. [PMID: 37372645 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20126058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
The present study examines various activities of social participation (i.e., church or religious activities; educational or cultural activities; service club or fraternal organization activities; neighbourhood, community, or professional association activities; volunteer or charity work; and recreational activities) as contributing factors to successful aging. Successful aging in this study includes the following: adequate social support, no limitations with respect to Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs), no mental illness in the preceding year, no serious cognitive decline or pain that prevents activity, as well as high levels of happiness, and self-reports of good physical health, mental health, and successful aging. Methods: The Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) is a large, national, longitudinal study on aging. A secondary analysis of the baseline (i.e., 2011-2015) and Time 2 (i.e., 2015-2018) data of the CLSA was conducted on a sample of 7623 older adults who were defined as "aging successfully" at baseline and were aged 60+ at Time 2. Binary logistic regression analyses were employed to examine the association between engaging in various social participation activities at baseline and aging successfully at Time 2. Results: In a subsample (n = 7623) of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) Comprehensive Cohort who were aging successfully at baseline, the prevalence of successful aging at Time 2 was significantly higher among the participants who participated in volunteer or charity work and recreational activities compared to those who were not involved in these activities. After adjusting for 22 potential factors, the results of the binary logistic regression analyses reported that participants who, at baseline, participated in volunteer or charity work and recreational activities had higher age-sex-adjusted odds of achieving successful aging (volunteer or charity work: aOR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.33; recreational activities: aOR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.32). Conclusions: Among six types of social participation activities, people who participated in volunteer or charity work and recreational activities were more likely to achieve successful aging than their counterparts who did not engage in these activities. If these associations are found to be causal, policies and interventions encouraging older adults to participate in volunteer or charity work and recreational activities may support older adults to achieve successful aging in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mabel Ho
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1V4, Canada
- Institute for Life Course and Aging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1V4, Canada
| | - Eleanor Pullenayegum
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - Esme Fuller-Thomson
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1V4, Canada
- Institute for Life Course and Aging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1V4, Canada
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Constructing loneliness: Home care providers' notions of older adults' social needs and the possibilities of the home care profession to support social participation. J Aging Stud 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaging.2023.101130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
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Bennett HB, Walter CS, Oholendt CK, Coleman KS, Vincenzo JL. Views of in-person and virtual group exercise before and during the pandemic in people with Parkinson disease. PM R 2023; 15:772-779. [PMID: 35596118 PMCID: PMC10119971 DOI: 10.1002/pmrj.12848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), many health/wellness programs transitioned from in-person to virtual. This mixed-methods study aims to explore the perceptions of older adults with Parkinson disease (PD) regarding in-person versus virtual-based Parkinson-specific exercise classes (PDEx). OBJECTIVE Explore experiences, perceptions, and perceived effect of participating in and transitioning from in-person to virtual PDEx in people with Parkinson disease (PwPD). DESIGN Cross-sectional mixed-methods design using an online survey and focus groups. SETTING PwPD who participated in an in-person and virtual PDEx (n = 26) were recruited to participate and completed online surveys and focus groups from their home during the COVID-19 pandemic. PARTICIPANTS PwPD who participated in an in-person and virtual PDEx and agreed to participate completed an online survey (n = 16; male = 8; mean age = 74 years) and focus groups (n = 9; male = 4; mean age = 75 years). INTERVENTIONS N/A MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Participants completed survey questions and participated in focus groups regarding their perceptions, attitudes, and perceived changes in PD-related symptoms since participating in the PDEx, as well as barriers and facilitators to participating in virtual PDEx. RESULTS Participants felt PDEx was somewhat to very safe and beneficial. In the computer, comfort, and perceptions survey, participants reported perceived improved mobility (63%), balance (75%), and overall health (63%) since participating the PDEx, whereas some participants reported improved mental health (38%). Participants reported minimal difficulty with accessing virtual PDEx. Most participants stated that they would prefer to participate in a combination of in-person and virtual programming. Focus-group participants emphasized that virtual PDEx provided social and emotional support and improved confidence to perform and maintain an exercise regimen. CONCLUSION PwPD who transitioned from an in-person to a virtual PDEx felt the program was safe, effective, and improved or prevented declines in their mobility and balance. PwPD who transitioned to a virtual PDEx also reported benefits in non-motor symptoms such as social isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly B. Bennett
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Christopher S. Walter
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Chris K. Oholendt
- Reynolds Institute on Aging Ottenheimer Fitness Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Kellie S. Coleman
- Reynolds Institute on Aging Ottenheimer Fitness Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Vincenzo
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
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Zitelli L, Palmer C, Mamula E, Johnson J, Rauterkus G, Nilsen ML. Hearing screening and amplifier uptake results in a multidisciplinary head and neck cancer survivorship clinic. J Cancer Surviv 2023; 17:720-728. [PMID: 35348995 PMCID: PMC11186601 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-022-01198-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hearing loss and tinnitus are prevalent among survivors of head and neck cancer (HNC), but auditory issues are under-addressed in the survivorship literature. The purpose of this study was to describe the hearing loss and management experience of a group of survivors provided with a hearing screening and amplifier assistance if needed during their visit. METHODS A retrospective chart review of 1176 individuals seen in the HNC Survivorship Clinic between December 2016 and October 2020 who interacted with audiology was performed. RESULTS Of these survivors, 72% failed the 30-dB HL hearing screening at one or more frequencies. Thirty-three percent of the sample reported tinnitus. Consistent with the general population, this group has a low prevalence of hearing aid use. In this clinic, individuals who fail the hearing screening at all frequencies are offered a simple, non-custom amplifier for use during their visit. Thirty-one percent of individuals offered the amplifier used it during their Survivorship Clinic visit to enhance communication and reduce listening effort. Only 54% of individuals who failed the hearing screening self-reported hearing loss. The poor sensitivity and specificity associated with the self-perception of hearing loss data support the need for hearing screening that consists of responding to tones. Of individuals who received a recommendation for a comprehensive hearing test, 21% received a hearing test with 68% of these individuals receiving the hearing test the same day of their Survivorship Clinic visit. CONCLUSIONS The data from 1176 survivors of HNC seen by audiology over the past few years as part of the UPMC HNC Survivorship Clinic support the need for hearing management in this population to improve communication during and after the Survivorship Clinic visit. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS Survivors of HNC have a high prevalence of greater than mild hearing loss and tinnitus (both issues known to negatively impact health-related communication and quality of life). This manuscript describes a hearing screening program within a Survivorship Clinic that identifies individuals in need of non-custom amplification during their appointment to support effective communication. Survivors should be referred to audiologists for evaluation and management of treatment-related issues of hearing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lori Zitelli
- UPMC, 203 Lothrop St., 4th Floor, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Catherine Palmer
- UPMC, 203 Lothrop St., 4th Floor, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Jonas Johnson
- UPMC, 203 Lothrop St., 4th Floor, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Marci L Nilsen
- UPMC, 203 Lothrop St., 4th Floor, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Aalto UL, Knuutila M, Lehti T, Jansson A, Kautiainen H, Öhman H, Strandberg T, Pitkälä KH. Being actively engaged in life in old age: determinants, temporal trends, and prognostic value. Aging Clin Exp Res 2023:10.1007/s40520-023-02440-9. [PMID: 37225934 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-023-02440-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recently, the concept of successful ageing has shifted from healthy ageing to active ageing, the latter emphasising even more the subjective perspective. Active agency is a marker for better functioning. However, the concept of active ageing lacks a clear definition so far. The specific aims of the study were to identify the determinants of being actively engaged in life (BAEL), to explore the changes in BAEL over 3 decades, and to explore the prognostic value of BAEL. METHODS This is a repeated cross-sectional cohort study of older (≥ 75 years) community-dwelling people in Helsinki in 1989 (N = 552), 1999 (N = 2396), 2009 (N = 1492), and 2019 (N = 1614). The data were gathered by a postal questionnaire at each time point. Being actively engaged in life was defined by two questions "Do you feel needed?" and "Do you have plans for the future?", which was further converted into BAEL score. RESULTS An increasing temporal trend in BAEL score was observed through the study years. Male sex, good physical functioning and subjective health, and meaningful social contacts were determinants for higher BAEL score. Active agency measured by BAEL score predicted lower 15-year mortality. CONCLUSIONS Older home-dwelling, urban Finnish people have become more actively engaged in recent years. The underlying causes are diverse but improved socioeconomic status observed over the study years was one of them. Social contacts and not feeling lonely were found to be determinants for being actively engaged. Two simple questions describing active engagement in life may help to predict mortality among older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulla L Aalto
- Department of Geriatrics, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Mia Knuutila
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Primary Health Care Unit, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Social Services and Health Care, City of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuuli Lehti
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Primary Health Care Unit, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Social Services and Health Care, City of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Oulunkylä Rehabilitation Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anu Jansson
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- The Finnish Association for the Welfare of Older Adults, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannu Kautiainen
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna Öhman
- Department of Geriatrics, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Strandberg
- Department of Geriatrics, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Kaisu H Pitkälä
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Kieckhaefer C, Schilbach L, Bzdok D. Social belonging: brain structure and function is linked to membership in sports teams, religious groups, and social clubs. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:4405-4420. [PMID: 36161309 PMCID: PMC10110433 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human behavior across the life span is driven by the psychological need to belong, right from kindergarten to bingo nights. Being part of social groups constitutes a backbone for communal life and confers many benefits for the physical and mental health. Capitalizing on the neuroimaging and behavioral data from ∼40,000 participants from the UK Biobank population cohort, we used structural and functional analyses to explore how social participation is reflected in the human brain. Across 3 different types of social groups, structural analyses point toward the variance in ventromedial prefrontal cortex, fusiform gyrus, and anterior cingulate cortex as structural substrates tightly linked to social participation. Functional connectivity analyses not only emphasized the importance of default mode and limbic network but also showed differences for sports teams and religious groups as compared to social clubs. Taken together, our findings establish the structural and functional integrity of the default mode network as a neural signature of social belonging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Kieckhaefer
- LVR Klinikum Düsseldorf, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Bergische Landstraße 2, 40629 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Leonhard Schilbach
- LVR Klinikum Düsseldorf, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Bergische Landstraße 2, 40629 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Ludwig Maximilians University, Bavariaring 19, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Danilo Bzdok
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University, 3801 rue University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, 3775 rue University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
- Mila - Quebec Artificial Intelligence Institute, 6666 rue Saint-Urbain, Montreal, Quebec H2S 3H1, Canada
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Ho HE, Yeh CJ, Cheng-Chung Wei J, Chu WM, Lee MC. Association between multimorbidity patterns and incident depression among older adults in Taiwan: the role of social participation. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:177. [PMID: 36973699 PMCID: PMC10045862 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-03868-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Previous research has found different multimorbidity patterns that negatively affects health outcomes of older adults. However, there is scarce evidence, especially on the role of social participation in the association between multimorbidity patterns and depression. Our study aimed to explore the relationship between multimorbidity patterns and depression among older adults in Taiwan, including the social participation effect on the different multimorbidity patterns.
Methods
Data were retracted from the Taiwan longitudinal study on ageing (TLSA) for this population-based cohort study. 1,975 older adults (age > 50) were included and were followed up from 1996 to 2011. We used latent class analysis to determine participants’ multimorbidity patterns in 1996, whereas their incident depression was determined in 2011 by CES-D. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyse the relationship between multimorbidity patterns and depression.
Results
The participants’ average age was 62.1 years in 1996. Four multimorbidity patterns were discovered through latent class analysis, as follows: (1) Cardiometabolic group (n = 93), (2) Arthritis-cataract group (n = 105), (3) Multimorbidity group (n = 128) and (4) Relatively healthy group (n = 1649). Greater risk of incident depression was found among participants in the Multimorbidity group (OR: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.02–2.58) than the Relatively healthy group after the multivariable analysis. Compare to participants in the relatively healthy group with social participation, participants in the arthritis-cataract group without social participation (OR: 2.22, 95% CI: 1.03–4.78) and the multimorbidity group without social participation (OR: 2.21, 95% CI: 1.14–4.30) had significantly increased risk of having depression.
Conclusion
Distinct multimorbidity patterns among older adults in Taiwan are linked with the incident depression during later life, and social participation functioned as a protective factor.
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Gao J, Wang Y, Xu J, Jiang J, Yang S, Xiao Q. Life expectancy among older adults with or without frailty in China: multistate modelling of a national longitudinal cohort study. BMC Med 2023; 21:101. [PMID: 36927351 PMCID: PMC10021933 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-02825-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about life expectancy (LE) with or without frailty. We aimed to estimate the total LE and duration of the state of frailty in China. METHODS This study included older adults aged 65 years and older from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Study (CLHLS). Frailty status was classified into robust, pre-frailty and frailty based on a cumulative deficit model. Total and specific frailty state LEs at 65 years of age were estimated and stratified by demographic characteristics, behaviours, and psychosocial factors using continuous-time multistate modelling. RESULTS The total LE of older adults aged 65 years in China was 14.74 years on average (95% CI: 14.52-14.94), of which 4.18 years (95% CI: 4.05-4.30) were robust, 7.46 years (95% CI: 7.31-7.61) pre-frail and 3.10 years (95% CI: 3.01-3.20) frail. Older adults with higher robust LE included men (4.71 years, 95% CI: 4.56-4.88), married older adults (4.41 years, 95% CI: 4.27-4.56), those engaging in physical activity (4.41 years, 95% CI: 4.23-4.59), those consuming fruits daily (4.48 years, 95% CI: 4.22-4.77) and those with high social participation (4.39 years, 95% CI: 4.26-4.53). Increased educational attainment were gradually associated with increased robust LE. CONCLUSIONS Frailty may lead to a reduced total LE and robust LE of older adults in China. In addition to finding inequalities in total and robust LEs by socioeconomic status, our findings also highlight that healthy behaviours and social participation may ease frailty-related reductions in total and robust LE. Our findings imply that national life-course strategies aimed at frailty screening and psychosocial and behavioural interventions could be important for health aging in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junling Gao
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Collaborative Innovation Cooperative Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Shanghai, 200032 China
- grid.452344.0Core Unit of Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Yujie Wang
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Jixiang Xu
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Junjia Jiang
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Shitong Yang
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Qianyi Xiao
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
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Modifiable healthy behaviours and incident disability in older adults: Analysis of combined data from two cohort studies in Japan. Exp Gerontol 2023; 173:112094. [PMID: 36681130 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Healthy behaviours reduce the risk of incident disability; however, their components require further consideration. Specifically, little evidence exists on healthy behaviours that comprise modifiable factors, including social aspects, and their effects on those who do not engage in them. This study aimed to examine the association between engaging in healthy behaviours with modifiable factors and incident disability among community-dwelling older adults; as well as identify factors associated with nonengagement in healthy behaviours. We analysed data obtained from 1357 older adults aged 65 years and more without disabilities at baseline. The outcome was incident disability, which was defined based on the long-term care insurance certification in Japan. This study included regular exercise (≥1 day/week), favourable eating habits (≥4 dietary variety score), and social participation (engaging in two or more social activities) as components of healthy behaviours. We used the Cox proportional hazards model to calculate hazard ratios (HR) for incident disabilities. The proportion of those who satisfied all healthy behaviours was 21 %. During the follow-up period (median: 6.3 years), 282 incident disabilities were confirmed. Compared to those who engaged in one healthy behaviour, those who satisfied all healthy behaviours showed a 31 % (95 % confidence interval: 0.48, 0.98) lower HR of incident disability after adjusting for covariates. Current smoking and depressive mood were associated with non-engagement in healthy behaviours. This study found that having physically and socially active lifestyles and favourable eating habits are effective in reducing the risk of incident disability. Meanwhile, several older adults lack the components of a healthy lifestyle. Approaches that focus on multiple healthy behaviours are necessary to enhance the benefits of healthy lifestyles.
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Gallardo-Peralta LP, Raymond É, Gálvez-Nieto JL. Ageing in Context: An Ecological Model to Understand Social Participation Among Indigenous Adults in Chile. Res Aging 2023; 45:332-346. [PMID: 35698297 DOI: 10.1177/01640275221108502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The social participation of older adults occupies a central position in international discourse regarding ageing, the ecological model makes it possible to examine and assess the different factors that influence the understanding of what encourages social participation by older adults. This study used the ecological model to analyse how personal, community and environmental factors are related to satisfaction with social participation among Chilean older adults, a majority of whom are indigenous, living in rural areas (n = 800). The results confirmed that satisfaction with social participation was related to personal factors (feelings of depression, functioning into basic activities of daily living (ADL) and autonomy), community factors (perceived social support from social group) and environmental factors (accessibility of physical setting within the village). Our findings confirmed a high level of social participation among indigenous adults, with rural and indigenous surroundings appearing to be a factor that protects and promotes social integration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Émilie Raymond
- School of Social Work and Criminology, 4440Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
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The Role of Internet Use and Offline Social Engagement in the Health of Chinese Older Adults: Evidence from Nationally Representative Samples. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11050653. [PMID: 36900658 PMCID: PMC10000681 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11050653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the association between internet use as a novel type of social engagement and the health of older adults, and evaluated the role of online versus offline social activities through nationally representative samples. Participants aged ≥ 60 in the datasets from the Chinese sample of the World Value Survey (NSample 1 = 598) and the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS, NSample 2 = 9434) were selected. Correlation analysis presented the positive relationships between internet use and self-reported health in both Sample 1 (r = 0.17, p < 0.001) and Sample 2 (r = 0.09, p < 0.001). In addition, the relationships between internet use and both self-reported health and depression (r = -0.14, p < 0.001) were stronger than the correlation between offline social activities and health outcomes in Sample 2. After accounting for the frequency of traditional social activities, regression analysis revealed the relationship between internet use and higher self-reported health (βSample 1 = 0.16, p < 0.001; βSample 2 = 0.04, p < 0.001) and lower depressive symptom scores (β = -0.05, p < 0.001) This research contributes to the existing body of literature on the favorable relationship between social engagement and health outcomes among Chinese older adults. Additionally, it identifies the social benefits of internet use for health promotion among older adults.
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Ando M, Kao YC, Lee YC, Tai SA, Mendez SR, Sasaki K, Tang W, Papatheodorou S. Remote cognitive behavioral therapy for older adults with anxiety symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Telemed Telecare 2023:1357633X231151788. [PMID: 36794548 DOI: 10.1177/1357633x231151788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In-person cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can reduce self-reported anxiety in older adults. However, studies are limited for remote CBT. We assessed the effectiveness of remote CBT in mitigating self-reported anxiety in older adults. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis based on a literature search of PubMed, Embase, PsycInfo, and Cochrane databases up to March 31, 2021, for randomized controlled clinical trials comparing the effectiveness of remote CBT versus non-CBT controls on mitigating self-reported anxiety in older adults. We calculated within-group pre-to-post-treatment standardized mean difference using Cohen's d, obtained the difference between a remote CBT group and a non-CBT control group as our effect size for cross-study comparison, and conducted a random-effects meta-analysis. Changes in scores on self-reported anxiety symptoms (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 item Scale, Penn State Worry Questionnaire, or Penn State Worry Questionnaire - Abbreviated), and self-reported depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 item Scale or Beck Depression Inventory) were primary and secondary outcomes, respectively. RESULTS Six eligible studies, containing 633 participants with a pooled mean age of 66.6 years, were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. There was a significant mitigating effect of intervention on self-reported anxiety, favoring remote CBT over non-CBT controls (between-group effect size: -0.63; 95% CI: -0.99 to -0.28). We also found a significant mitigating effect of intervention on self-reported depressive symptoms (between-group effect size: -0.74; 95% CI: -1.24 to -0.25). DISCUSSION Remote CBT is more effective in reducing self-reported anxiety and depressive symptoms than non-CBT control in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Ando
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ying-Chia Kao
- Department of Occupational Therapy, 38023Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chien Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sung-An Tai
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 40293Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Samuel R Mendez
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kosuke Sasaki
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, 1846Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wenze Tang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Deng H, Vu KQ, Franco JR, Shepler LJ, Abouzeid CA, Hamner JW, Mercier HW, Taylor JA, Kazis LE, Slavin MD, Ryan CM, Schneider JC. Digital Interventions for Social Participation in Adults with Long-term Physical Conditions: A Systematic Review. J Med Syst 2023; 47:26. [PMID: 36792791 PMCID: PMC9931567 DOI: 10.1007/s10916-023-01914-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
This review aims to identify and evaluate digital interventions for social participation in the growing population of adults with long-term physical conditions. Articles were sourced from MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and PsycINFO databases using subject headings and keywords related to "social participation" and "digital technology". Studies that adopted digital technology interventions to improve social participation in adults with long-term physical conditions were included. Data on study methodology, participant and digital intervention characteristics, and findings related to social participation were extracted. The search yielded a total of 4646 articles and 14 articles met criteria for final review with five randomized controlled trials, two non-randomized clinical trials and seven one-group pretest-posttest clinical trials. Studies were organized based on the digital intervention strategy implemented to improve social participation: group support (n = 4), individual skill training or counseling (n = 6), education and support (n = 3), and mixed intervention (n = 1). The group support interventions developed a social network among participants through videoconference, app, or virtual reality platform. Three studies reported positive improvements in different aspects of social participation. Individual skill training or counseling mainly utilized phone calls to help participants cope with activity participation and interpersonal relationship issues. Only two studies demonstrated benefits for social participation. The education and support intervention, which used messages and website information to increase participants' knowledge and provide support, showed positive findings in three studies. This review suggests digital interventions for improving social participation in adults with long-term physical conditions are feasible and the effectiveness of different strategies may vary.Registration: This review was prospectively registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (registry number: CRD42021254105).
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Deng
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, 300 1st Avenue, Boston, MA, 02129, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kevin Q Vu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, 300 1st Avenue, Boston, MA, 02129, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jessie R Franco
- Department of Rehabilitation Services, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lauren J Shepler
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, 300 1st Avenue, Boston, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Cailin A Abouzeid
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, 300 1st Avenue, Boston, MA, 02129, USA
| | - J W Hamner
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, 300 1st Avenue, Boston, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Hannah W Mercier
- Occupational Therapy Program, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - J Andrew Taylor
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lewis E Kazis
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, 300 1st Avenue, Boston, MA, 02129, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Health Law, Policy and Management, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mary D Slavin
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, 300 1st Avenue, Boston, MA, 02129, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Health Law, Policy and Management, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Colleen M Ryan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children-Boston®, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Schneider
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, 300 1st Avenue, Boston, MA, 02129, USA.
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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Chai L. Unpacking the Association Between Length of Residence and Health Among Immigrants in Canada: A Moderated Mediation Approach. J Immigr Minor Health 2023; 25:38-49. [PMID: 35778538 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-022-01377-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study examines (1) whether perceived life stress mediates the associations between length of residence in Canada and self-rated mental health and general health and (2) how these processes differ across levels of perceived local community belonging. Data are from the 2017-2018 Canadian Community Health Survey (N = 14,570)-a nationally representative survey collected by Statistics Canada. Simple mediation and moderated mediation models are employed. The simple mediated associations are evaluated first and found to be statistically significant for both self-rated mental health (b = 0.046, 95% PBCI = 0.035, 0.058) and general health (b = 0.045, 95% PBCI = 0.034, 0.056). Moderated mediation analysis then reveals that while perceived local community belonging does not moderate the effects of length of residence on perceived life stress, it does moderate the effects of perceived life stress on self-rated mental health (b = - 0.042, 95% PBCI = - 0.057, - 0.028) and general health (b = - 0.026, 95% PBCI = - 0.042, - 0.011), suggesting that the adverse associations between perceived life stress and self-rated mental health and general health are weaker among immigrants with greater perceived local community belonging. Consistent with the predictions, the indirect effects are significant at all levels of local community belonging. Findings from this study highlight the need to focus more research and policy interventions on community-based coping resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chai
- Department of Sociology, University of Toronto, 725 Spadina Ave, Toronto, ON, M5S 2J4, Canada.
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Choi NG, DiNitto DM, Marti CN. Older Adults' Frequency of Going Outside during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Associations with Physical Distancing, Health Status, and Fall Risk Factors. J Appl Gerontol 2023; 42:324-335. [PMID: 36250259 PMCID: PMC9574528 DOI: 10.1177/07334648221134178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Research shows significant health benefits of going outside in late life. Using the 2019 and 2020 National Health and Aging Trend Study and its 2020 COVID-19 supplemental survey (N = 3,857, age 70+), we examined changes in the past-month frequency of going outside one's home/building during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 compared to the same time in 2019. We found that 57.0% reported no change in the frequency of going outside, 32.0% went out less frequently, and 11.0% went out more frequently. Logistic regression models showed that decreased frequency was associated with higher frequency of going outside in 2019, avoidance of contact with those outside their household (AOR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.10, 2.06), dementia diagnosis, mobility device use, self-rated health (AOR = .85, 95% CI = .75-.97), and being 90+ years of age, female, non-Hispanic Black or Hispanic, divorced/separated. Older adults are likely to benefit from going outside more often when they can safely do so.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namkee G. Choi
- The University of Texas, Steve Hicks School of Social Work, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Diana M. DiNitto
- The University of Texas, Steve Hicks School of Social Work, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - C. Nathan Marti
- The University of Texas, Steve Hicks School of Social Work, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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