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Sabec MH, Savage QR, Wood JL, Maskos U. Targeting high-affinity nicotinic receptors protects against the functional consequences of β-amyloid in mouse hippocampus. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-024-02666-7. [PMID: 39164528 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02666-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
The accumulation of β-amyloid oligomers is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease, inducing neural and network dysfunction in the early stages of pathology. The hippocampus is affected early in the pathogenesis of AD, however the impact of soluble β-amyloid on the dentate gyrus (DG) subregion of the hippocampus and its interaction with nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) within this region are not known. Using a localized model of over-expression, we show that β-amyloid induces early-onset neuronal hyperactivity and hippocampal-dependent memory deficits in mice. Further, we find the DG region to be under potent and sub-type specific nicotinic control in both healthy and pathophysiological conditions, with targeted receptor inhibition leading to a mnemonic rescue against localized amyloidosis. We show that while neurogenesis and synaptic functions are not severely affected in our model, reducing β2-containing nAChR function is associated with the promotion of young adult-born neurons within the pathological network, suggesting a possible protective mechanism. Our data thus reveal the DG network level changes which occur in the early-stages of β-amyloid accumulation and highlight the downstream consequences of targeted nicotinic neuromodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie H Sabec
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 3571, Integrative Neurobiology of Cholinergic Systems, 75015, Paris, France.
- Physiology, Pharmacology, and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.
| | - Quentin R Savage
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, TX, 76798, USA
| | - John L Wood
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, TX, 76798, USA
| | - Uwe Maskos
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 3571, Integrative Neurobiology of Cholinergic Systems, 75015, Paris, France.
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2
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Kim D, Yadav D, Song M. An updated review on animal models to study attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:187. [PMID: 38605002 PMCID: PMC11009407 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02893-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder affecting both children and adolescents. Individuals with ADHD experience heterogeneous problems, such as difficulty in attention, behavioral hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Recent studies have shown that complex genetic factors play a role in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorders. Animal models with clear hereditary traits are crucial for studying the molecular, biological, and brain circuit mechanisms underlying ADHD. Owing to their well-managed genetic origins and the relative simplicity with which the function of neuronal circuits is clearly established, models of mice can help learn the mechanisms involved in ADHD. Therefore, in this review, we highlighting the important genetic animal models that can be used to study ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daegeon Kim
- Department of Life Science, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, South Korea
| | - Dhananjay Yadav
- Department of Life Science, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, South Korea
| | - Minseok Song
- Department of Life Science, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, South Korea.
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3
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Miao Z, Chen L, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Zhang H. Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Probio-M8 alleviates abnormal behavior and regulates gut microbiota in a mouse model suffering from autism. mSystems 2024; 9:e0101323. [PMID: 38108654 PMCID: PMC10804959 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.01013-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics can effectively improve a variety of neurological diseases, but there is little research on autism, and the specific mechanism is unclear. In this study, shotgun metagenomics analysis was used to investigate the preventive and therapeutic effects of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Probio-M8 on autism. The results showed that Probio-M8 treatment significantly alleviated valproate (VPA)-induced autism in mice, with autistic symptoms characterized by increased stereotyped behaviors such as grooming, reduced learning ability, and decreased desire to socialize. Further studies have found that Probio-M8 can alleviate autism by optimizing gut microbiota diversity and regulating metabolic levels. Probio-M8 regulates gut microbiota structure by increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium globosum and Akkermansia muciniphila. In addition, Probio-M8 regulates metabolic activity by increasing levels of choline, which corrects CAZy disorders. In conclusion, Probio-M8 is therapeutic in the VPA-induced autism mouse model by regulating the gut microbiome and metabolic levels.IMPORTANCEIndividuals with autism often exhibit symptoms of social invariance, obsessive-compulsive tendencies, and repetitive behaviors. However, early intervention and treatment can be effective in improving social skills and mitigating autism symptoms, including behaviors related to irritability. Although taking medication for autism may lead to side effects such as weight gain, probiotics can be an ideal intervention for alleviating these symptoms. In this study, we investigated the effects of Probio-M8 intervention on the behavior of autistic mice using an open-field test, a three-chamber sociability test, and a novel object recognition test. Metagenomic analysis revealed differences in gut microbiota diversity among groups, predicted changes in metabolite levels, and functionally annotated CAZy. Additionally, we analyzed serum neurotransmitter levels and found that probiotics were beneficial in mitigating neurotransmitter imbalances in mice with autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuangzhuang Miao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Lin Chen
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing, China
| | - Jiachao Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Heping Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
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4
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Chalkea ZS, Papavranoussi-Daponte D, Polissidis A, Kampisioulis M, Pagaki-Skaliora M, Konsolaki E, Skaliora I. Fear Conditioning by Proxy: The Role of High Affinity Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15143. [PMID: 37894831 PMCID: PMC10606983 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Observational fear-learning studies in genetically modified animals enable the investigation of the mechanisms underlying the social transmission of fear-related information. Here, we used a three-day protocol to examine fear conditioning by proxy (FCbP) in wild-type mice (C57BL/6J) and mice lacking the β2-subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR). Male animals of both genotypes were exposed to a previously fear-conditioned (FC) cage mate during the presentation of the conditioned stimulus (CS, tone). On the following day, observer (FCbP) mice were tested for fear reactions to the tone: none of the β2-KO mice froze to the stimulus, while 30% of the wild-type mice expressed significant freezing. An investigation of the possible factors that predicted the fear response revealed that only wild-type mice that exhibited enhanced and more flexible social interaction with the FC cage mate during tone presentations (Day 2) expressed fear toward the CS (Day-3). Our results indicate that (i) FCbP is possible in mice; (ii) the social transmission of fear depends on the interaction pattern between animals during the FCbP session and (iii) β2-KO mice display a more rigid interaction pattern compared to wild-type mice and are unable to acquire such information. These data suggest that β2-nAChRs influence observational fear learning indirectly through their effect on social behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zinovia Stavroula Chalkea
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (D.P.-D.); (M.K.)
- Master’s Program in Cognitive Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Danai Papavranoussi-Daponte
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (D.P.-D.); (M.K.)
- Athens International Master’s Program in Neurosciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Alexia Polissidis
- American College of Greece Research Center (ACG-RC), 15342 Athens, Greece;
- Center for Experimental, Clinical, and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Marinos Kampisioulis
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (D.P.-D.); (M.K.)
| | | | - Eleni Konsolaki
- Psychology Department, Deree-The American College of Greece, 15342 Athens, Greece
| | - Irini Skaliora
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (D.P.-D.); (M.K.)
- Master’s Program in Cognitive Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
- Athens International Master’s Program in Neurosciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece
- Department of History and Philosophy of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
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Alonso A, Samanta A, van der Meij J, van den Brand L, Negwer M, Navarro Lobato I, Genzel L. Defensive and offensive behaviours in a Kleefstra syndrome mouse model. Anim Cogn 2023; 26:1131-1140. [PMID: 36877418 PMCID: PMC10345049 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-023-01757-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Kleefstra syndrome in humans is characterized by a general delay in development, intellectual disability and autistic features. The mouse model of this disease (Ehmt1±) expresses anxiety, autistic-like traits, and aberrant social interactions with non-cagemates. To investigate how Ehmt1± mice behave with unfamiliar conspecifics, we allowed adult, male animals to freely interact for 10 min in a neutral, novel environment within a host-visitor setting. In trials where the Ehmt1± mice were hosts, there were defensive and offensive behaviors. Our key finding was that Ehmt1± mice displayed defensive postures, attacking and biting; in contrast, wild-type (WT) interacting with other WT did not enact such behaviors. Further, if there was a fight between an Ehmt1± and a WT mouse, the Ehmt1± animal was the most aggressive and always initiated these behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Alonso
- Department of Neuroinformatics, Faculty of Science, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Anumita Samanta
- Department of Neuroinformatics, Faculty of Science, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline van der Meij
- Department of Neuroinformatics, Faculty of Science, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Liz van den Brand
- Department of Neuroinformatics, Faculty of Science, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Moritz Negwer
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, RadboudUMC, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Irene Navarro Lobato
- Department of Neuroinformatics, Faculty of Science, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lisa Genzel
- Department of Neuroinformatics, Faculty of Science, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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The orphan receptor GPR88 controls impulsivity and is a risk factor for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:4662-4672. [PMID: 36075963 PMCID: PMC9936886 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01738-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The neural orphan G protein coupled receptor GPR88 is predominant in the striatum and cortex of both rodents and humans, and considered a potential target for brain disorders. Previous studies have shown multiple behavioral phenotypes in Gpr88 knockout mice, and human genetic studies have reported association with psychosis. Here we tested the possibility that GPR88 contributes to Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). In the mouse, we tested Gpr88 knockout mice in three behavioral paradigms, best translatable between rodents and humans, and found higher motor impulsivity and reduced attention together with the reported hyperactivity. Atomoxetine, a typical ADHD drug, reduced impulsivity in mutant mice. Conditional Gpr88 knockout mice in either D1R-type or D2R-type medium spiny neurons revealed distinct implications of the two receptor populations in waiting and stopping impulsivity. Thus, animal data demonstrate that deficient GPR88 activity causally promotes ADHD-like behaviors, and identify circuit mechanisms underlying GPR88-regulated impulsivity. In humans, we performed a family-based genetic study including 567 nuclear families with DSM-IV diagnosis of ADHD. There was a minor association for SNP rs2036212 with diagnosis, treatment response and cognition. A stronger association was found for SNP rs2809817 upon patient stratification, suggesting that the T allele is a risk factor when prenatal stress is involved. Human data therefore identify GPR88 variants associated with the disease, and highlight a potential role of life trajectories to modulate GPR88 function. Overall, animal and human data concur to suggest that GPR88 signaling should be considered a key factor for diagnostic and treatment of ADHD.
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7
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Characterization of social behavior in young and middle-aged ChAT-IRES-Cre mouse. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272141. [PMID: 35925937 PMCID: PMC9352053 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The cholinergic system is an important modulator of brain processes. It contributes to the regulation of several cognitive functions and emotional states, hence altering behaviors. Previous works showed that cholinergic (nicotinic) receptors of the prefrontal cortex are needed for adapted social behaviors. However, these data were obtained in mutant mice that also present alterations of several neurotransmitter systems, in addition to the cholinergic system. ChAT-IRES-Cre mice, that express the Cre recombinase specifically in cholinergic neurons, are useful tools to investigate the role of the cholinergic circuits in behavior. However, their own behavioral phenotype has not yet been fully characterized, in particular social behavior. In addition, the consequences of aging on the cholinergic system of ChAT-IRES-Cre mice has never been studied, despite the fact that aging is known to compromise the cholinergic system efficiency. The aim of the current study was thus to characterize the social phenotype of ChAT-IRES-Cre mice both at young (2–3 months) and middle (10–11 months) ages. Our results reveal an alteration of the cholinergic system, evidenced by a decrease of ChAT, CHT and VAChT gene expression in the striatum of the mice, that was accompanied by mild social disturbances and a tendency towards anxiety. Aging decreased social dominance, without being amplified by the cholinergic alterations. Altogether, this study shows that ChAT-IRES-Cre mice are useful models for studying the cholinergic system‘s role in social behavior using appropriate modulating technics (optogenetic or DREADD).
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Evaluation of the effect of nicotine and O-acetyl-L-carnitine on testosterone-induced spatial learning impairment in Morris water maze and assessment of protein markers. LEARNING AND MOTIVATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lmot.2022.101810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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9
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Spasova V, Mehmood S, Minhas A, Azhar R, Anand S, Abdelaal S, Sham S, Chauhan TM, Dragas D. Impact of Nicotine on Cognition in Patients With Schizophrenia: A Narrative Review. Cureus 2022; 14:e24306. [PMID: 35475247 PMCID: PMC9020415 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.24306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotine is the psychoactive component given tobacco has several main components and acts as an agonist for nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the nervous system. Although the ligand-gated cation channels known as nAChRs are found throughout the nervous system and body, this review focuses on neuronal nAChRs. Individuals with psychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia, comorbid substance use disorders, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, major depression, and bipolar disorder have increased rates of smoking. These psychiatric disorders are associated with various cognitive deficits, including working memory, deficits in attention, and response inhibition functions. The cognitive-enhancing effects of nicotine may be particularly relevant predictors of smoking initiation and continuation in this comorbid population. Individuals with schizophrenia make up a significant proportion of smokers. Literature suggests that patients smoke to alleviate cognitive deficiencies due to the stimulating effects of nicotine. This narrative review examines the role of nicotine on cognition in schizophrenia.
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Nosjean A, Granon S. Brain Adaptation to Acute Stress: Effect of Time, Social Buffering, and Nicotinic Cholinergic System. Cereb Cortex 2021; 32:3990-4011. [PMID: 34905774 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Both social behavior and stress responses rely on the activity of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and basolateral nucleus of the amygdala (BLA) and on cholinergic transmission. We previously showed in adult C57BL/6J (B6) mice that social interaction has a buffering effect on stress-related prefrontal activity, depending on the β2-/- cholinergic nicotinic receptors (nAChRs, β2-/- mice). The latency for this buffer to emerge being short, we question here whether the associated brain plasticity, as reflected by regional c-fos protein quantification and PFC-BLA functional connectivity, is modulated by time. Overall, we show that time normalized the stress-induced PFC hyperactivation in B6 mice and PFC hypo-activation in β2-/- mice, with no effect on BLA. It also triggered a multitude of functional links between PFC subareas, and between PFC and BLA in B6 mice but not β2-/- mice, showing a central role of nAChRs in this plasticity. Coupled with social interaction and time, stress led to novel and drastic diminution of functional connectivity within the PFC in both genotypes. Thus, time, emotional state, and social behavior induced dissociated effects on PFC and BLA activity and important cortico-cortical reorganizations. Both activity and plasticity were under the control of the β2-nAChRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Nosjean
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay (NeuroPSI), 91400 Saclay, France
| | - Sylvie Granon
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay (NeuroPSI), 91400 Saclay, France
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11
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Vallés AS, Barrantes FJ. Dysregulation of Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor-Cholesterol Crosstalk in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:744597. [PMID: 34803605 PMCID: PMC8604044 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.744597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a set of complex neurodevelopmental diseases that include impaired social interaction, delayed and disordered language, repetitive or stereotypic behavior, restricted range of interests, and altered sensory processing. The underlying causes of the core symptoms remain unclear, as are the factors that trigger their onset. Given the complexity and heterogeneity of the clinical phenotypes, a constellation of genetic, epigenetic, environmental, and immunological factors may be involved. The lack of appropriate biomarkers for the evaluation of neurodevelopmental disorders makes it difficult to assess the contribution of early alterations in neurochemical processes and neuroanatomical and neurodevelopmental factors to ASD. Abnormalities in the cholinergic system in various regions of the brain and cerebellum are observed in ASD, and recently altered cholesterol metabolism has been implicated at the initial stages of the disease. Given the multiple effects of the neutral lipid cholesterol on the paradigm rapid ligand-gated ion channel, the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, we explore in this review the possibility that the dysregulation of nicotinic receptor-cholesterol crosstalk plays a role in some of the neurological alterations observed in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sofía Vallés
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (UNS-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Francisco J Barrantes
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (BIOMED), UCA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Dornellas APS, Burnham NW, Luhn KL, Petruzzi MV, Thiele TE, Navarro M. Activation of locus coeruleus to rostromedial tegmental nucleus (RMTg) noradrenergic pathway blunts binge-like ethanol drinking and induces aversive responses in mice. Neuropharmacology 2021; 199:108797. [PMID: 34547331 PMCID: PMC8583311 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
There is strong evidence that ethanol entails aversive effects that can act as a deterrent to overconsumption. We have found that in doses that support the development of a conditioned taste aversion ethanol increases the activity of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) positive neurons in the locus coeruleus (LC), a primary source of norepinephrine (NE). Using cre-inducible AAV8-ChR2 viruses in TH-ires-cre mice we found that the LC provides NE projections that innervate the rostromedial tegmental nucleus (RMTg), a brain region that has been implicated in the aversive properties of drugs. Because the neurocircuitry underlying the aversive effects of ethanol is poorly understood, we characterized the role of the LC to RMTg circuit in modulating aversive unconditioned responses and binge-like ethanol intake. Here, both male and female TH-ires-cre mice were cannulated in the RMTg and injected in the LC with rAVV viruses that encode for a Gq-expressing designer receptor exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) virus, or its control virus, to directly control the activity of NE neurons. A Latin Square paradigm was used to analyze both 20% ethanol and 3% sucrose consumption using the "drinking-in-the-dark" (DID) paradigm. Chemogenetic activation of the LC to RMTg pathway significantly blunted the binge-ethanol drinking, with no effect on the sucrose consumption, increased the emission of mid-frequency vocalizations and induced malaise-like behaviors in mice. The present findings indicate an important involvement of the LC to RMTg pathway in reducing ethanol consumption, and characterize unconditioned aversive reactions induced by activation of this noradrenergic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula S Dornellas
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3270, USA; Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine, NC, 27599-7178, USA
| | - Nathan W Burnham
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3270, USA
| | - Kendall L Luhn
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3270, USA
| | - Maxwell V Petruzzi
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3270, USA
| | - Todd E Thiele
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3270, USA; Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine, NC, 27599-7178, USA
| | - Montserrat Navarro
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3270, USA; Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine, NC, 27599-7178, USA.
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13
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Pimpinella D, Mastrorilli V, Giorgi C, Coemans S, Lecca S, Lalive AL, Ostermann H, Fuchs EC, Monyer H, Mele A, Cherubini E, Griguoli M. Septal cholinergic input to CA2 hippocampal region controls social novelty discrimination via nicotinic receptor-mediated disinhibition. eLife 2021; 10:65580. [PMID: 34696824 PMCID: PMC8547952 DOI: 10.7554/elife.65580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetylcholine (ACh), released in the hippocampus from fibers originating in the medial septum/diagonal band of Broca (MSDB) complex, is crucial for learning and memory. The CA2 region of the hippocampus has received increasing attention in the context of social memory. However, the contribution of ACh to this process remains unclear. Here, we show that in mice, ACh controls social memory. Specifically, MSDB cholinergic neurons inhibition impairs social novelty discrimination, meaning the propensity of a mouse to interact with a novel rather than a familiar conspecific. This effect is mimicked by a selective antagonist of nicotinic AChRs delivered in CA2. Ex vivo recordings from hippocampal slices provide insight into the underlying mechanism, as activation of nAChRs by nicotine increases the excitatory drive to CA2 principal cells via disinhibition. In line with this observation, optogenetic activation of cholinergic neurons in MSDB increases the firing of CA2 principal cells in vivo. These results point to nAChRs as essential players in social novelty discrimination by controlling inhibition in the CA2 region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Pimpinella
- European Brain Research Institute (EBRI), Fondazione Rita Levi-Montalcini, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Mastrorilli
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'C. Darwin', Center for Research in Neurobiology 'D. Bovet', Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Corinna Giorgi
- European Brain Research Institute (EBRI), Fondazione Rita Levi-Montalcini, Rome, Italy.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology of the National Council of Research (IBPM-CNR), Roma, Italy
| | - Silke Coemans
- European Brain Research Institute (EBRI), Fondazione Rita Levi-Montalcini, Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Lecca
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud L Lalive
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hannah Ostermann
- Department of Clinical Neurobiology of the Medical Faculty of Heidelberg University and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elke C Fuchs
- Department of Clinical Neurobiology of the Medical Faculty of Heidelberg University and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hannah Monyer
- Department of Clinical Neurobiology of the Medical Faculty of Heidelberg University and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andrea Mele
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'C. Darwin', Center for Research in Neurobiology 'D. Bovet', Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Cherubini
- European Brain Research Institute (EBRI), Fondazione Rita Levi-Montalcini, Rome, Italy
| | - Marilena Griguoli
- European Brain Research Institute (EBRI), Fondazione Rita Levi-Montalcini, Rome, Italy.,Institute of Neuroscience of the National Research Council (IN-CNR), Pisa, Italy
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14
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Kljakic O, Al-Onaizi M, Janíčková H, Chen KS, Guzman MS, Prado MAM, Prado VF. Cholinergic transmission from the basal forebrain modulates social memory in male mice. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 54:6075-6092. [PMID: 34308559 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Disruptions in social behaviour are prevalent in many neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and autism spectrum disorders. However, the underlying neurochemical regulation of social behaviour is still not well understood. The central cholinergic system has been proposed to contribute to the regulation of social behaviour. For instance, decreased global levels of acetylcholine release in the brain leads to decreased social interaction and an impairment of social memory in mice. Nonetheless, it has been difficult to ascertain the specific brain areas where cholinergic signalling influences social preference and social memory. In this study, we investigated the impact of different forebrain cholinergic regions on social behaviour by examining mouse lines that differ in their regional expression level of the vesicular acetylcholine transporter-the protein that regulates acetylcholine secretion. We found that when cholinergic signalling is highly disrupted in the striatum, hippocampus, cortex and amygdala mice have intact social preference but are impaired in social memory, as they cannot remember a familiar conspecific nor recognize a novel one. A similar pattern emerges when acetylcholine release is disrupted mainly in the striatum, cortex, and amygdala; however, the ability to recognize novel conspecifics is retained. In contrast, cholinergic signalling of the striatum and amygdala does not appear to significantly contribute to the modulation of social memory and social preference. Furthermore, we demonstrated that increasing global cholinergic tone does not increase social behaviours. Together, these data suggest that cholinergic transmission from the hippocampus and cortex are important for regulating social memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ornela Kljakic
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mohammed Al-Onaizi
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Helena Janíčková
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kevin S Chen
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Monica S Guzman
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marco A M Prado
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vania F Prado
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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15
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Hashemzaei M, Baratzadeh N, Sharamian I, Fanoudi S, Sanati M, Rezaei H, Shahraki J, Rezaee R, Belaran M, Bazi A, Tabrizian K. Intrahippocampal co-administration of nicotine and O-acetyl-L-carnitine prevents the H-89-induced spatial learning deficits in Morris water maze. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 19:691-696. [PMID: 33964190 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2021-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES H-89 (a protein kinase AII [PKA II] inhibitor) impairs the spatial memory in the Morris water maze task in rats. In the present study, we aimed to study the protective effects of nicotine and O-acetyl-L-carnitine against H-89-induced spatial memory deficits. METHODS Spatial memory impairment was induced by the bilateral intrahippocampal administration of 10 µM H-89 (dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO) to rats. The rats then received bilateral administrations of either nicotine (1 μg/μL, dissolved in saline) or O-acetyl-L-carnitine (100 μM/side, dissolved in deionized water) alone and in combination. Control groups received either saline, deionized water, or DMSO. RESULTS The H-89-treated animals showed significant increases in the time and distance travelled to find hidden platforms, and there was also a significant decrease in the time spent in the target quadrant compared to DMSO-treated animals. Nicotine and O-acetyl-L-carnitine had no significant effects on H-89-induced spatial learning impairments alone, but the bilateral intrahippocampal co-administration of nicotine and O-acetyl-L-carnitine prevented H-89-induced spatial learning deficits and increased the time spent in the target quadrant in comparison with H-89-treated animals. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated the potential synergistic effects of nicotine and O-acetyl-L-carnitine in preventing protein kinase AII inhibitor (H-89)-induced spatial learning impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Hashemzaei
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Najmeh Baratzadeh
- Students Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Iraj Sharamian
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Sahar Fanoudi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehdi Sanati
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanieh Rezaei
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Jafar Shahraki
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Ramin Rezaee
- Clinical Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Belaran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Ali Bazi
- Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Zabol University of Medical Science, Zabol, Iran
| | - Kaveh Tabrizian
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
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16
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Boukersi H, Lebaili N, Nosjean A, Samson N, Faure A, Granon S. Effects of water restriction on social behavior and 5-HT neurons density in the dorsal and median raphe nuclei in mice. Behav Brain Res 2020; 399:113022. [PMID: 33232678 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.113022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
We explored here the hypothesis that temporary chronic water restriction in mice affects social behavior, via its action on the density of 5-HT neurons in dorsal and median raphe nuclei (DRN and MRN). For that, we submitted adult C57BL/6 J mice to mild and controlled temporary dehydration, i.e., 6 h of water access every 48 h for 15 days. We investigated their social behavior in a social interaction task known to allow free and reciprocal social contact. Results showed that temporary dehydration increases significantly time spent in social contact and social dominance. It also expands 5-HT neuron density within both DRN and MRN and the behavioral and neuronal plasticity were positively correlated. Our findings suggest that disturbance in 5-HT neurotransmission caused by temporary dehydration stress unbalances choice processes of animals in social context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houari Boukersi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science and Life, Hassiba Benbouali University, Chlef, Algeria; Animal Ecophysiology Laboratory, Higher Normal School Elbachir El-Ibrahimi, Kouba, Algers, Algeria; Paris-Saclay Institute of Neuroscience (NeuroPSI), Paris-Saclay University, CNRS 9197, Orsay, France.
| | - Nemcha Lebaili
- Animal Ecophysiology Laboratory, Higher Normal School Elbachir El-Ibrahimi, Kouba, Algers, Algeria
| | - Anne Nosjean
- Paris-Saclay Institute of Neuroscience (NeuroPSI), Paris-Saclay University, CNRS 9197, Orsay, France
| | - Nathalie Samson
- Paris-Saclay Institute of Neuroscience (NeuroPSI), Paris-Saclay University, CNRS 9197, Orsay, France
| | - Alexis Faure
- Paris-Saclay Institute of Neuroscience (NeuroPSI), Paris-Saclay University, CNRS 9197, Orsay, France
| | - Sylvie Granon
- Paris-Saclay Institute of Neuroscience (NeuroPSI), Paris-Saclay University, CNRS 9197, Orsay, France
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17
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Do Nicotinic Receptors Modulate High-Order Cognitive Processing? Trends Neurosci 2020; 43:550-564. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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18
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Nikiforuk A, Litwa E, Krawczyk M, Popik P, Arias H. Desformylflustrabromine, a positive allosteric modulator of α4β2-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, enhances cognition in rats. Pharmacol Rep 2020; 72:589-599. [PMID: 32207091 PMCID: PMC7329799 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-020-00092-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Rationale The α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α4β2-nAChRs) may represent useful targets for cognitive improvement. It has been recently proposed that a strategy based on positive allosteric modulation of α4β2-nAChRs reveals several advantages over the direct agonist approach. Nevertheless, the procognitive effects of α4β2-nAChR positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) have not been extensively characterized. Objectives The aim of the present study was to evaluate the procognitive efficacy of desformylflustrabromine (dFBr), a selective α4β2-nAChR PAM. Methods Cognitive effects were investigated in the novel object recognition task (NORT) and the attentional set-shifting task (ASST) in rats. Results The results demonstrate that dFBr attenuated the delay-induced impairment in NORT performance and facilitated cognitive flexibility in the ASST. The beneficial effects of dFBr were inhibited by dihydro-β-erythroidine, a relatively selective α4β2-nAChR antagonist, indicating the involvement of α4β2-nAChRs in cognitive processes. The tested α4β2-PAM was also effective against ketamine- and scopolamine-induced deficits of object recognition memory. Moreover, procognitive effects were also observed after combined treatment with inactive doses of dFBr and TC-2403, a selective α4β2-nAChR agonist. Conclusions These findings indicate that dFBr presents procognitive activity, supporting the strategy based on α4β2-nAChR potentiation as a plausible therapy for cognitive impairment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s43440-020-00092-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Nikiforuk
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience and Drug Development, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Ewa Litwa
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience and Drug Development, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343, Krakow, Poland
| | - Martyna Krawczyk
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience and Drug Development, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343, Krakow, Poland
| | - Piotr Popik
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience and Drug Development, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343, Krakow, Poland
| | - Hugo Arias
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Oklahoma State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Tahlequah, OK, USA
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19
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The allosteric dopamine D1 receptor potentiator, DETQ, ameliorates subchronic phencyclidine-induced object recognition memory deficits and enhances cortical acetylcholine efflux in male humanized D1 receptor knock-in mice. Behav Brain Res 2019; 361:139-150. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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20
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Martucci LL, Amar M, Chaussenot R, Benet G, Bauer O, de Zélicourt A, Nosjean A, Launay JM, Callebert J, Sebrié C, Galione A, Edeline JM, de la Porte S, Fossier P, Granon S, Vaillend C, Cancela JM. A multiscale analysis in CD38 -/- mice unveils major prefrontal cortex dysfunctions. FASEB J 2019; 33:5823-5835. [PMID: 30844310 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800489r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by early onset of behavioral and cognitive alterations. Low plasma levels of oxytocin (OT) have also been found in ASD patients; recently, a critical role for the enzyme CD38 in the regulation of OT release was demonstrated. CD38 is important in regulating several Ca2+-dependent pathways, but beyond its role in regulating OT secretion, it is not known whether a deficit in CD38 expression leads to functional modifications of the prefrontal cortex (PFC), a structure involved in social behavior. Here, we report that CD38-/- male mice show an abnormal cortex development, an excitation-inhibition balance shifted toward a higher excitation, and impaired synaptic plasticity in the PFC such as those observed in various mouse models of ASD. We also show that a lack of CD38 alters social behavior and emotional responses. Finally, examining neuromodulators known to control behavioral flexibility, we found elevated monoamine levels in the PFC of CD38-/- adult mice. Overall, our study unveiled major changes in PFC physiologic mechanisms and provides new evidence that the CD38-/- mouse could be a relevant model to study pathophysiological brain mechanisms of mental disorders such as ASD.-Martucci, L. L., Amar, M., Chaussenot, R., Benet, G., Bauer, O., de Zélicourt, A., Nosjean, A., Launay, J.-M., Callebert, J., Sebrié, C., Galione, A., Edeline, J.-M., de la Porte, S., Fossier, P., Granon, S., Vaillend, C., Cancela, J.-M., A multiscale analysis in CD38-/- mice unveils major prefrontal cortex dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lora L Martucci
- Neuroscience Paris-Saclay Institute (Neuro-PSI), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 9197, Paris-Sud University, Paris-Saclay University, Orsay, France.,INSERM Unité 1179, Handicap Neuromusculaire: Physiologie, Biothérapie et Pharmacologie Appliquées, Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Muriel Amar
- Neuroscience Paris-Saclay Institute (Neuro-PSI), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 9197, Paris-Sud University, Paris-Saclay University, Orsay, France
| | - Remi Chaussenot
- Neuroscience Paris-Saclay Institute (Neuro-PSI), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 9197, Paris-Sud University, Paris-Saclay University, Orsay, France
| | - Gabriel Benet
- Neuroscience Paris-Saclay Institute (Neuro-PSI), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 9197, Paris-Sud University, Paris-Saclay University, Orsay, France
| | - Oscar Bauer
- Neuroscience Paris-Saclay Institute (Neuro-PSI), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 9197, Paris-Sud University, Paris-Saclay University, Orsay, France.,Génétique Humaine et Fonctions Cognitives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 3571, Gènes, Synapses et Cognition, CNRS, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Antoine de Zélicourt
- Neuroscience Paris-Saclay Institute (Neuro-PSI), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 9197, Paris-Sud University, Paris-Saclay University, Orsay, France.,INSERM Unité 1179, Handicap Neuromusculaire: Physiologie, Biothérapie et Pharmacologie Appliquées, Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Anne Nosjean
- Neuroscience Paris-Saclay Institute (Neuro-PSI), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 9197, Paris-Sud University, Paris-Saclay University, Orsay, France
| | | | | | - Catherine Sebrié
- Imagerie par Résonance Magnétique Médicale et Multimodalité (IR4M) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 8081, Paris-Sud University, Paris-Saclay University, CNRS, Orsay, France
| | - Antony Galione
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jean-Marc Edeline
- Neuroscience Paris-Saclay Institute (Neuro-PSI), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 9197, Paris-Sud University, Paris-Saclay University, Orsay, France
| | - Sabine de la Porte
- INSERM Unité 1179, Handicap Neuromusculaire: Physiologie, Biothérapie et Pharmacologie Appliquées, Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Philippe Fossier
- Neuroscience Paris-Saclay Institute (Neuro-PSI), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 9197, Paris-Sud University, Paris-Saclay University, Orsay, France
| | - Sylvie Granon
- Neuroscience Paris-Saclay Institute (Neuro-PSI), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 9197, Paris-Sud University, Paris-Saclay University, Orsay, France
| | - Cyrille Vaillend
- Neuroscience Paris-Saclay Institute (Neuro-PSI), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 9197, Paris-Sud University, Paris-Saclay University, Orsay, France
| | - José-Manuel Cancela
- Neuroscience Paris-Saclay Institute (Neuro-PSI), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 9197, Paris-Sud University, Paris-Saclay University, Orsay, France
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21
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Potasiewicz A, Golebiowska J, Popik P, Nikiforuk A. Procognitive effects of varenicline in the animal model of schizophrenia depend on α4β2- and α 7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. J Psychopharmacol 2018; 33:269881118812097. [PMID: 30501536 DOI: 10.1177/0269881118812097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Varenicline, a partial agonist of the α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α4β2-nAChR), is currently used to facilitate smoking cessation. Preclinical and clinical studies have suggested that this compound may also be effective in treating cognitive impairments in schizophrenia. However, it is unclear which nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes may be involved because varenicline is not only a partial agonist for α4β2-nAChRs but also a full agonist for α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7-nAChRs). AIM We investigated the effects of varenicline, compared to the α4β2-nAChR partial agonist TC-2403 and the α7-nAChR full agonist PNU-282987, in a ketamine-based model of schizophrenia-like cognitive deficits on the attentional set-shifting task in rats. The second goal was to elucidate whether the procognitive efficacy of varenicline was due to the compound's action on α4β2-nAChRs or α7-nAChRs. METHODS Ketamine was administered to rats for 10 consecutive days and the test was performed 14 days following the last injection. The tested compounds were administered 30 min prior to the attentional set-shifting task. RESULTS Varenicline, TC-2403 and PNU-282987 ameliorated ketamine-evoked set-shifting deficits. While the α4β2-nAChR antagonist dihydro-β-erythroidine and the α7-nAChR antagonist methyllycaconitine completely prevented the procognitive actions of TC-2403 and PNU-282987, respectively, varenicline's effect was only partially blocked by any given antagonist. Moreover, the combined treatment with TC-2403 and PNU-282987 more effectively facilitated rats' set-shifting ability than activation of either type of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alone. CONCLUSION The present findings demonstrated that varenicline's actions on both α7-nAChRs and α4β2-nAChRs may be necessary to produce its full procognitive effect in the present experimental setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Potasiewicz
- Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Behavioral Neuroscience and Drug Development, Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Golebiowska
- Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Behavioral Neuroscience and Drug Development, Kraków, Poland
| | - Piotr Popik
- Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Behavioral Neuroscience and Drug Development, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Nikiforuk
- Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Behavioral Neuroscience and Drug Development, Kraków, Poland
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22
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Nosjean A, de Chaumont F, Olivo-Marin JC, Granon S. Stress-induced brain activation: buffering role of social behavior and neuronal nicotinic receptors. Brain Struct Funct 2018; 223:4259-4274. [DOI: 10.1007/s00429-018-1745-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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23
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Eissa N, Al-Houqani M, Sadeq A, Ojha SK, Sasse A, Sadek B. Current Enlightenment About Etiology and Pharmacological Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:304. [PMID: 29867317 PMCID: PMC5964170 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental brain disorder characterized by two core behavioral symptoms, namely impairments in social communication and restricted/repetitive behavior. The molecular mechanisms underlying ASD are not well understood. Recent genetic as well as non-genetic animal models contributed significantly in understanding the pathophysiology of ASD, as they establish autism-like behavior in mice and rats. Among the genetic causes, several chromosomal mutations including duplications or deletions could be possible causative factors of ASD. In addition, the biochemical basis suggests that several brain neurotransmitters, e.g., dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT), gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA), acetylcholine (ACh), glutamate (Glu) and histamine (HA) participate in the onset and progression of ASD. Despite of convincible understanding, risperidone and aripiprazole are the only two drugs available clinically for improving behavioral symptoms of ASD following approval by Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Till date, up to our knowledge there is no other drug approved for clinical usage specifically for ASD symptoms. However, many novel drug candidates and classes of compounds are underway for ASD at different phases of preclinical and clinical drug development. In this review, the diversity of numerous aetiological factors and the alterations in variety of neurotransmitter generation, release and function linked to ASD are discussed with focus on drugs currently used to manage neuropsychiatric symptoms related to ASD. The review also highlights the clinical development of drugs with emphasis on their pharmacological targets aiming at improving core symptoms in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nermin Eissa
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammed Al-Houqani
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Adel Sadeq
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University of Science and Technology, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shreesh K. Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Astrid Sasse
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Bassem Sadek
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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24
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Oboshi Y, Kikuchi M, Terada T, Yoshikawa E, Bunai T, Ouchi Y. Alterations in Phase-Related Prefrontal Activation During Cognitive Tasks and Nicotinic α4β2 Receptor Availability in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 53:817-30. [PMID: 27258412 DOI: 10.3233/jad-151165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence shows that the cholinergic system plays an important role in regulating working memory and that working memory-related prefrontal activation decreases with age and neuronal degeneration, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the relation between attention-related α4β2 nicotinic cholinergic function and task-induced prefrontal activation especially time course-related activation remains to be explored. OBJECTIVE We aimed to elucidate the relationship between changes in task-induced oxy-hemoglobin concentration (cerebral blood flow, CBF) in the prefrontal cortex and the availability of α4β2 nicotinic receptors in the brain of AD patients in light of their task performance. METHODS Eleven mild-to-moderate AD patients and eleven normal elderly subjects underwent the near-infrared spectroscopy during easy and difficult working memory tasks for estimating prefrontal CBF changes and positron emission tomography with the α4β2 tracer [18F]2FA-85380 ([18F]2FA) for measuring the α4β2 nicotinic receptor binding. RESULTS Significant correlations between mean oxy-hemoglobin concentration in the channels with significant [group] main effects and prefrontal [18F]2FA binding were observed during the early easy task period in the normal group and during the late difficult task in the AD group. In addition, those prefrontal CBF responses were significantly correlated with not correct performance but the execution time to spend. CONCLUSION The α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the prefrontal cortex play an important role in increasing prefrontal activation when attending to novel stimuli, irrespective of the accuracy of the outcome. A delay in the cholinergic-induced increase in prefrontal activation in AD patients might explain their delayed responses in the cognitive task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Oboshi
- Department of Biofunctional Imaging, Preeminent Medical Photonics Education & Research Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Kikuchi
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiro Terada
- Department of Biofunctional Imaging, Preeminent Medical Photonics Education & Research Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Shizuoka Institute of Epilepsy and Neurological Disorders, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Etsuji Yoshikawa
- Central Research Laboratory, Hamamatsu Photonics K.K., Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Tomoyasu Bunai
- Department of Biofunctional Imaging, Preeminent Medical Photonics Education & Research Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Yasuomi Ouchi
- Department of Biofunctional Imaging, Preeminent Medical Photonics Education & Research Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
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Valentine G, Sofuoglu M. Cognitive Effects of Nicotine: Recent Progress. Curr Neuropharmacol 2018; 16:403-414. [PMID: 29110618 PMCID: PMC6018192 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x15666171103152136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Revised: 06/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cigarette smoking is the main cause of preventable death in developed countries. While the direct positive behavioral reinforcing effect of nicotine has historically been considered the primary mechanism driving the development of TUD, accumulating contemporary research suggests that the cognitive-enhancing effects of nicotine may also significantly contribute to the initiation and maintenance of TUD, especially in individuals with pre-existing cognitive deficits. METHODS We provide a selective overview of recent advances in understanding nicotine's effects on cognitive function, a discussion of the role of cognitive function in vulnerability to TUD, followed by an overview of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the cognitive effects of nicotine. RESULTS Preclinical models and human studies have demonstrated that nicotine has cognitiveenhancing effects. Attention, working memory, fine motor skills and episodic memory functions are particularly sensitive to nicotine's effects. Recent studies have demonstrated that the α4, β2, and α7 subunits of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) participate in the cognitive-enhancing effects of nicotine. Imaging studies have been instrumental in identifying brain regions where nicotine is active, and research on the dynamics of large-scale networks after activation by, or withdrawal from, nicotine hold promise for improved understanding of the complex actions of nicotine on human cognition. CONCLUSION Because poor cognitive performance at baseline predicts relapse among smokers who are attempting to quit smoking, studies examining the potential efficacy of cognitive-enhancement as strategy for the treatment of TUD may lead to the development of more efficacious interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mehmet Sofuoglu
- Address correspondence to this author at the Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Tel: 1 203 737 4882; Fax: 1 203 737 3591; E-mail:
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Durand-de Cuttoli R, Mondoloni S, Mourot A. [Optically dissecting brain nicotinic receptor function with photo-controllable designer receptors]. Biol Aujourdhui 2017; 211:173-188. [PMID: 29236669 DOI: 10.1051/jbio/2017022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are pentameric ligand-gated ion channels widely expressed in the central nervous system and the periphery. They play an important modulatory role in learning, memory and attention, and have been implicated in various diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, schizophrenia and addiction. These receptors are activated by the endogenous neurotransmitter acetylcholine, or by nicotine, the alkaloid found in tobacco leaves. Both molecules open the ion channel and cause the movement of cations across the membrane, which directly affects neuronal excitability and synaptic plasticity. nAChRs are very heterogeneous in their subunit composition (α2-10 et β2-4), in their brain distribution (cortex, midbrain, striatum…) and in their sub-cellular localization (pre- vs post-synaptic, axonal, dendritic…). This heterogeneity highly contributes to the very diverse roles these receptors have in health and disease. The ability to activate or block a specific nAChR subtype, at a defined time and space within the brain, would greatly help obtaining a clearer picture of these various functions. To this aim, we are developing novel optogenetic pharmacology strategies for optically controlling endogenous nAChR isoforms within the mouse brain. The idea is to tether a chemical photoswitch on the surface of a cysteine-modified nAChR, and use light for rapidly and reversibly turning that receptor mutant on and off. Here we will discuss the history of optogenetic pharmacology, and the recent advances for the optical control of brain nicotinic receptors in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Durand-de Cuttoli
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Neuroscience Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS - IBPS), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Sarah Mondoloni
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Neuroscience Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS - IBPS), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Mourot
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Neuroscience Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS - IBPS), 75005 Paris, France
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de la Peña JB, Dela Peña IJ, Custodio RJ, Botanas CJ, Kim HJ, Cheong JH. Exploring the Validity of Proposed Transgenic Animal Models of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:3739-3754. [PMID: 28534274 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0608-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common, behavioral, and heterogeneous neurodevelopmental condition characterized by hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention. Symptoms of this disorder are managed by treatment with methylphenidate, amphetamine, and/or atomoxetine. The cause of ADHD is unknown, but substantial evidence indicates that this disorder has a significant genetic component. Transgenic animals have become an essential tool in uncovering the genetic factors underlying ADHD. Although they cannot accurately reflect the human condition, they can provide insights into the disorder that cannot be obtained from human studies due to various limitations. An ideal animal model of ADHD must have face (similarity in symptoms), predictive (similarity in response to treatment or medications), and construct (similarity in etiology or underlying pathophysiological mechanism) validity. As the exact etiology of ADHD remains unclear, the construct validity of animal models of ADHD would always be limited. The proposed transgenic animal models of ADHD have substantially increased and diversified over the years. In this paper, we compiled and explored the validity of proposed transgenic animal models of ADHD. Each of the reviewed transgenic animal models has strengths and limitations. Some fulfill most of the validity criteria of an animal model of ADHD and have been extensively used, while there are others that require further validation. Nevertheless, these transgenic animal models of ADHD have provided and will continue to provide valuable insights into the genetic underpinnings of this complex disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- June Bryan de la Peña
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, 815 Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Irene Joy Dela Peña
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, 815 Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Raly James Custodio
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, 815 Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Chrislean Jun Botanas
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, 815 Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jin Kim
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, 815 Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Cheong
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, 815 Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01795, Republic of Korea.
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Faure A, Pittaras E, Nosjean A, Chabout J, Cressant A, Granon S. Social behaviors and acoustic vocalizations in different strains of mice. Behav Brain Res 2017; 320:383-390. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Wang L, Almeida LEF, Nettleton M, Khaibullina A, Albani S, Kamimura S, Nouraie M, Quezado ZMN. Altered nocifensive behavior in animal models of autism spectrum disorder: The role of the nicotinic cholinergic system. Neuropharmacology 2016; 111:323-334. [PMID: 27638450 PMCID: PMC5075237 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Caretakers and clinicians alike have long recognized that individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can have altered sensory processing, which can contribute to its core symptoms. However, the pathobiology of sensory alterations in ASD is poorly understood. Here we examined nocifensive behavior in ASD mouse models, the BTBR T+Itpr3tf/J (BTBR) and the fragile-X mental retardation-1 knockout (Fmr1-KO) mice. We also examined the effects of nicotine on nocifensive behavior given that nicotine, a nicotinic cholinergic receptor (nAChR) agonist that has antinociceptive effects, was shown to improve social deficits and decrease repetitive behaviors in BTBR mice. Compared to respective controls, both BTBR and Fmr1-KO had hyporesponsiveness to noxious thermal stimuli and electrical stimulation of C-sensory fibers, normal responsiveness to electrical stimulation of Aβ- and Aδ-fiber, and hyperresponsiveness to visceral pain after acetic acid intraperitoneal injection. In BTBR, nicotine at lower doses increased, whereas at higher doses, it decreased hotplate latency compared to vehicle. In a significantly different effect pattern, in control mice, nicotine had antinociceptive effects to noxious heat only at the high dose. Interestingly, these nocifensive behavior alterations and differential responses to nicotine antinociceptive effects in BTBR mice were associated with significant downregulation of α3, α4, α5, α7, β2, β3, and β4 nAChR subunits in several cerebral regions both, during embryonic development and adulthood. Taken together, these findings further implicate nAChRs in behaviors alterations in the BTBR model and lend support to the hypothesis that nAChRs may be a target for treatment of behavior deficits and sensory dysfunction in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- The Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children's Research Institute, Division of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, Children's National Health System, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20010, USA
| | - Luis E F Almeida
- The Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children's Research Institute, Division of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, Children's National Health System, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20010, USA
| | - Margaret Nettleton
- The Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children's Research Institute, Division of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, Children's National Health System, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20010, USA
| | - Alfia Khaibullina
- The Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children's Research Institute, Division of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, Children's National Health System, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20010, USA
| | - Sarah Albani
- The Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children's Research Institute, Division of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, Children's National Health System, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20010, USA
| | - Sayuri Kamimura
- The Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children's Research Institute, Division of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, Children's National Health System, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20010, USA
| | - Mehdi Nouraie
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Zenaide M N Quezado
- The Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children's Research Institute, Division of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, Children's National Health System, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20010, USA; Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Health System, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20010, USA.
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Besson M, Guiducci S, Granon S, Guilloux JP, Guiard B, Repérant C, Faure P, Pons S, Cannazza G, Zoli M, Gardier AM, Maskos U. Alterations in alpha5* nicotinic acetylcholine receptors result in midbrain- and hippocampus-dependent behavioural and neural impairments. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2016; 233:3297-314. [PMID: 27385416 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-016-4362-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Evidence links alterations in α5-containing nicotinic receptors (α5*-nAChRs) to nicotine addiction. Notably, the rs16969968 polymorphism in the α5 gene (α5SNP) increases the risk for heavy smoking and impairs nicotine-rewarding properties in mice. Additional work is needed to understand how native and polymorphic α5*-nAChRs contribute to processes associated with the risk for nicotine addiction. OBJECTIVES We aimed at understanding the contribution of α5*-nAChRs to endophenotypes like increased responses to novelty and anxiety, known to promote vulnerability to addiction, and to the response of the dopamine and serotonin systems to nicotine. METHODS Behavioural phenotypes were investigated in mice lacking the α5 gene (α5(-/-)). Nicotine injections were performed to test the consequences of nicotine exposure on the phenotypes identified. Dopamine and serotonin signalling were assessed using in vivo microdialysis and electrophysiology. We used lentiviral vectors to compare the consequences of re-expressing either the α5 wild-type allele or the α5SNP in specific brain areas of α5(-/-) mice. RESULTS α5(-/-) mice did not exhibit high responses to novelty but showed decreased novelty-induced rearing behaviour together with high anxiety. Exposure to high doses of nicotine rescued these phenotypes. We identified altered spontaneous and nicotine-elicited serotonin and dopamine activity in α5(-/-) mice. Re-expression of α5 in the ventral tegmental area and hippocampus rescued rearing and anxiety levels in α5(-/-) mice, respectively. When expressing the α5SNP instead, this resulted in a knockout-like phenotype for both behaviours. CONCLUSIONS We propose that altered α5*-nAChR cholinergic signalling contributes to emotional/behavioural impairments that may be alleviated by nicotine consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Besson
- Neurobiologie Intégrative des Systèmes Cholinergiques, Département de Neuroscience, CNRS UMR 3571, Institut Pasteur, Paris, 75724 cedex15, France.
| | - Stefania Guiducci
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Section of Physiology and Neurosciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, 41121, Italy
| | - Sylvie Granon
- Neurobiologie de la Prise de Décision, Neuro-PSI, CNRS UMR 9197, Orsay, 91405, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Guilloux
- Neuropharmacologie des troubles anxieux-dépressifs et neurogénèse, Université Paris-Sud XI, Chatenay-Malabry, 91290, France
| | - Bruno Guiard
- Neuropharmacologie des troubles anxieux-dépressifs et neurogénèse, Université Paris-Sud XI, Chatenay-Malabry, 91290, France
| | - Christelle Repérant
- Neuropharmacologie des troubles anxieux-dépressifs et neurogénèse, Université Paris-Sud XI, Chatenay-Malabry, 91290, France
| | - Philippe Faure
- Neurobiologie des processus adaptatifs, Neurophysiologie et Comportement, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Stéphanie Pons
- Neurobiologie Intégrative des Systèmes Cholinergiques, Département de Neuroscience, CNRS UMR 3571, Institut Pasteur, Paris, 75724 cedex15, France
| | - Giuseppe Cannazza
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, 41121, Italy
| | - Michele Zoli
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Section of Physiology and Neurosciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, 41121, Italy
| | - Alain M Gardier
- Neuropharmacologie des troubles anxieux-dépressifs et neurogénèse, Université Paris-Sud XI, Chatenay-Malabry, 91290, France
| | - Uwe Maskos
- Neurobiologie Intégrative des Systèmes Cholinergiques, Département de Neuroscience, CNRS UMR 3571, Institut Pasteur, Paris, 75724 cedex15, France
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Ferhat AT, Torquet N, Le Sourd AM, de Chaumont F, Olivo-Marin JC, Faure P, Bourgeron T, Ey E. Recording Mouse Ultrasonic Vocalizations to Evaluate Social Communication. J Vis Exp 2016:53871. [PMID: 27341321 PMCID: PMC4927756 DOI: 10.3791/53871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mice emit ultrasonic vocalizations in different contexts throughout development and in adulthood. These vocal signals are now currently used as proxies for modeling the genetic bases of vocal communication deficits. Characterizing the vocal behavior of mouse models carrying mutations in genes associated with neuropsychiatric disorders such as autism spectrum disorders will help to understand the mechanisms leading to social communication deficits. We provide here protocols to reliably elicit ultrasonic vocalizations in pups and in adult mice. This standardization will help reduce inter-study variability due to the experimental settings. Pup isolation calls are recorded throughout development from individual pups isolated from dam and littermates. In adulthood, vocalizations are recorded during same-sex interactions (without a sexual component) by exposing socially motivated males or females to an unknown same-sex conspecific. We also provide a protocol to record vocalizations from adult males exposed to an estrus female. In this context, there is a sexual component in the interaction. These protocols are established to elicit a large amount of ultrasonic vocalizations in laboratory mice. However, we point out the important inter-individual variability in the vocal behavior of mice, which should be taken into account by recording a minimal number of individuals (at least 12 in each condition). These recordings of ultrasonic vocalizations are used to evaluate the call rate, the vocal repertoire and the acoustic structure of the calls. Data are combined with the analysis of synchronous video recordings to provide a more complete view on social communication in mice. These protocols are used to characterize the vocal communication deficits in mice lacking ProSAP1/Shank2, a gene associated with autism spectrum disorders. More ultrasonic vocalizations recordings can also be found on the mouseTube database, developed to favor the exchange of such data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allain-Thibeault Ferhat
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, University Paris Diderot, CNRS UMR 3571, Institut Pasteur
| | - Nicolas Torquet
- Neurophysiology and Behavior, University Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, CNRS UMR 7102
| | - Anne-Marie Le Sourd
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, University Paris Diderot, CNRS UMR 3571, Institut Pasteur
| | | | | | - Philippe Faure
- Neurophysiology and Behavior, University Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, CNRS UMR 7102
| | - Thomas Bourgeron
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, University Paris Diderot, CNRS UMR 3571, Institut Pasteur
| | - Elodie Ey
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, University Paris Diderot, CNRS UMR 3571, Institut Pasteur;
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Konsolaki E, Tsakanikas P, Polissidis AV, Stamatakis A, Skaliora I. Early Signs of Pathological Cognitive Aging in Mice Lacking High-Affinity Nicotinic Receptors. Front Aging Neurosci 2016; 8:91. [PMID: 27199738 PMCID: PMC4846665 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2016.00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to address pathological cognitive decline effectively, it is critical to adopt early preventive measures in individuals considered at risk. It is therefore essential to develop approaches that identify such individuals before the onset of irreversible dementia. A deficient cholinergic system has been consistently implicated as one of the main factors associated with a heightened vulnerability to the aging process. In the present study we used mice lacking high affinity nicotinic receptors (β2-/-), which have been proposed as an animal model of accelerated/premature cognitive aging. Our aim was to identify behavioral signs that could serve as indicators or predictors of impending cognitive decline. We used test batteries in order to assess cognitive functions and additional tasks to investigate spontaneous behaviors, such as species-specific activities and exploration/locomotion in a novel environment. Our data confirm the hypothesis that β2-/- animals exhibit age-related cognitive impairments in spatial learning. In addition, they document age-related deficits in other areas, such as recognition memory, burrowing and nesting building, thereby extending the validity of this animal model for the study of pathological aging. Finally, our data reveal deficits in spontaneous behavior and habituation processes that precede the onset of cognitive decline and could therefore be useful as a non-invasive behavioral screen for identifying animals at risk. To our knowledge, this is the first study to perform an extensive behavioral assessment of an animal model of premature cognitive aging, and our results suggest that β2-nAChR dependent cognitive deterioration progressively evolves from initial subtle behavioral changes to global dementia due to the combined effect of the neuropathology and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Konsolaki
- Neurophysiology Laboratory, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of AthensAthens, Greece; Psychology Department, DEREE-The American College of GreeceAthens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Tsakanikas
- Neurophysiology Laboratory, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens Athens, Greece
| | - Alexia V Polissidis
- Neurophysiology Laboratory, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens Athens, Greece
| | - Antonios Stamatakis
- Biology-Biochemistry Lab, School of Health Sciences, University of Athens Athens, Greece
| | - Irini Skaliora
- Neurophysiology Laboratory, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens Athens, Greece
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Parikh V, Kutlu MG, Gould TJ. nAChR dysfunction as a common substrate for schizophrenia and comorbid nicotine addiction: Current trends and perspectives. Schizophr Res 2016; 171:1-15. [PMID: 26803692 PMCID: PMC4762752 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2016.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The prevalence of tobacco use in the population with schizophrenia is enormously high. Moreover, nicotine dependence is found to be associated with symptom severity and poor outcome in patients with schizophrenia. The neurobiological mechanisms that explain schizophrenia-nicotine dependence comorbidity are not known. This study systematically reviews the evidence highlighting the contribution of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) to nicotine abuse in schizophrenia. METHODS Electronic data bases (Medline, Google Scholar, and Web of Science) were searched using the selected key words that match the aims set forth for this review. A total of 276 articles were used for the qualitative synthesis of this review. RESULTS Substantial evidence from preclinical and clinical studies indicated that dysregulation of α7 and β2-subunit containing nAChRs account for the cognitive and affective symptoms of schizophrenia and nicotine use may represent a strategy to remediate these symptoms. Additionally, recent meta-analyses proposed that early tobacco use may itself increase the risk of developing schizophrenia. Genetic studies demonstrating that nAChR dysfunction that may act as a shared vulnerability factor for comorbid tobacco dependence and schizophrenia were found to support this view. The development of nAChR modulators was considered an effective therapeutic strategy to ameliorate psychiatric symptoms and to promote smoking cessation in schizophrenia patients. CONCLUSIONS The relationship between schizophrenia and smoking is complex. While the debate for the self-medication versus addiction vulnerability hypothesis continues, it is widely accepted that a dysfunction in the central nAChRs represent a common substrate for various symptoms of schizophrenia and comorbid nicotine dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Parikh
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19112, United States.
| | - Munir Gunes Kutlu
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19112, United States
| | - Thomas J Gould
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19112, United States
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Nicotinic receptors in the ventral tegmental area promote uncertainty-seeking. Nat Neurosci 2016; 19:471-8. [PMID: 26780509 DOI: 10.1038/nn.4223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cholinergic neurotransmission affects decision-making, notably through the modulation of perceptual processing in the cortex. In addition, acetylcholine acts on value-based decisions through as yet unknown mechanisms. We found that nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) expressed in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) are involved in the translation of expected uncertainty into motivational value. We developed a multi-armed bandit task for mice with three locations, each associated with a different reward probability. We found that mice lacking the nAChR β2 subunit showed less uncertainty-seeking than their wild-type counterparts. Using model-based analysis, we found that reward uncertainty motivated wild-type mice, but not mice lacking the nAChR β2 subunit. Selective re-expression of the β2 subunit in the VTA was sufficient to restore spontaneous bursting activity in dopamine neurons and uncertainty-seeking. Our results reveal an unanticipated role for subcortical nAChRs in motivation induced by expected uncertainty and provide a parsimonious account for a wealth of behaviors related to nAChRs in the VTA expressing the β2 subunit.
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Pittaras EC, Faure A, Leray X, Moraitopoulou E, Cressant A, Rabat AA, Meunier C, Fossier P, Granon S. Neuronal Nicotinic Receptors Are Crucial for Tuning of E/I Balance in Prelimbic Cortex and for Decision-Making Processes. Front Psychiatry 2016; 7:171. [PMID: 27790159 PMCID: PMC5064178 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2016.00171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Decision-making is an essential component of our everyday life commonly disabled in a myriad of psychiatric conditions, such as bipolar and impulsive control disorders, addiction and pathological gambling, or schizophrenia. A large cerebral network encompassing the prefrontal cortex, the amygdala, and the nucleus accumbens is activated for efficient decision-making. METHODS We developed a mouse gambling task well suited to investigate the influence of uncertainty and risk in decision-making and the role of neurobiological circuits and their monoaminergic inputs. Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) of the PFC are important for decision-making processes but their presumed roles in risk-taking and uncertainty management, as well as in cellular balance of excitation and inhibition (E/I) need to be investigated. RESULTS Using mice lacking nAChRs - β2-/- mice, we evidence for the first time the crucial role of nAChRs in the fine tuning of prefrontal E/I balance together with the PFC, insular, and hippocampal alterations in gambling behavior likely due to sensitivity to penalties and flexibility alterations. Risky behaviors and perseveration in extinction task were largely increased in β2-/- mice as compared to control mice, suggesting the important role of nAChRs in the ability to make appropriate choices adapted to the outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Cécile Pittaras
- CNRS 9197, Institut de Neuroscience Paris Saclay, Orsay, France; Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées et Unité Fatigue & Vigilance, Brétigny-sur-orge, France
| | - Alexis Faure
- CNRS 9197, Institut de Neuroscience Paris Saclay , Orsay , France
| | - Xavier Leray
- CNRS 9197, Institut de Neuroscience Paris Saclay , Orsay , France
| | | | | | - Arnaud Alexandre Rabat
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées et Unité Fatigue & Vigilance , Brétigny-sur-orge , France
| | - Claire Meunier
- CNRS 9197, Institut de Neuroscience Paris Saclay , Orsay , France
| | - Philippe Fossier
- CNRS 9197, Institut de Neuroscience Paris Saclay , Orsay , France
| | - Sylvie Granon
- CNRS 9197, Institut de Neuroscience Paris Saclay , Orsay , France
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Kang L, Tian MK, Bailey CDC, Lambe EK. Dendritic spine density of prefrontal layer 6 pyramidal neurons in relation to apical dendrite sculpting by nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Front Cell Neurosci 2015; 9:398. [PMID: 26500498 PMCID: PMC4597126 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Prefrontal layer 6 (L6) pyramidal neurons play an important role in the adult control of attention, facilitated by their strong activation by nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. These neurons in mouse association cortex are distinctive morphologically when compared to L6 neurons in primary cortical regions. Roughly equal proportions of the prefrontal L6 neurons have apical dendrites that are “long” (reaching to the pial surface) vs. “short” (terminating in the deep layers, as in primary cortical regions). This distinct prefrontal morphological pattern is established in the post-juvenile period and appears dependent on nicotinic receptors. Here, we examine dendritic spine densities in these two subgroups of prefrontal L6 pyramidal neurons under control conditions as well as after perturbation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. In control mice, the long neurons have significantly greater apical and basal dendritic spine density compared to the short neurons. Furthermore, manipulations of nicotinic receptors (chrna5 deletion or chronic developmental nicotine exposure) have distinct effects on these two subgroups of L6 neurons: apical spine density is significantly reduced in long neurons, and basal spine density is significantly increased in short neurons. These changes appear dependent on the α5 nicotinic subunit encoded by chrna5. Overall, the two subgroups of prefrontal L6 neurons appear positioned to integrate information either across cortex (long neurons) or within the deep layers (short neurons), and nicotinic perturbations differently alter spine density within each subgroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily Kang
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael K Tian
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Craig D C Bailey
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Evelyn K Lambe
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto Toronto, ON, Canada ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto Toronto, ON, Canada
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Featherstone RE, Siegel SJ. The Role of Nicotine in Schizophrenia. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2015; 124:23-78. [PMID: 26472525 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is associated with by severe disruptions in thought, cognition, emotion, and behavior. Patients show a marked increase in rates of smoking and nicotine dependence relative to nonaffected individuals, a finding commonly ascribed to the potential ameliorative effects of nicotine on symptom severity and cognitive impairment. Indeed, many studies have demonstrated improvement in patients following the administration of nicotine. Such findings have led to an increased emphasis on the development of therapeutic agents to target the nicotinic system as well as increasing the impetus to understand the genetic basis for nicotinic dysfunction in schizophrenia. The goal of this review article is to provide a critical summary of evidence for the role of the nicotinic system in schizophrenia. The first part will review the role of nicotine in normalization of primary dysfunctions and endophenotypical changes found in schizophrenia. The second part will provide a summary of genetic evidence linking polymorphisms in nicotinic receptor genes to smoking and schizophrenia. The third part will summarize attempts to treat schizophrenia using agents specifically targeting nicotinic and nicotinic receptor subtypes. Although currently available antipsychotic treatments are generally able to manage some aspects of schizophrenia (e.g., positive symptoms) they fail to address several other critically effected aspects of the disease. As such, the search for novel mechanisms to treat this disease is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert E Featherstone
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - Steven J Siegel
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Lewis AS, Mineur YS, Smith PH, Cahuzac ELM, Picciotto MR. Modulation of aggressive behavior in mice by nicotinic receptor subtypes. Biochem Pharmacol 2015. [PMID: 26212554 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2015.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Aggression is frequently comorbid with neuropsychiatric conditions and is a predictor of worse outcomes, yet current pharmacotherapies are insufficient and have debilitating side effects, precluding broad use. Multiple models of aggression across species suggest that the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonist nicotine has anti-aggressive (serenic) properties. Here we demonstrate dose-dependent serenic effects of acute nicotine administration in three distinct mouse strains: C57BL/6, BALB/c, and CD1. While acute nicotine administration (0.25mg/kg) modestly reduced solitary homecage locomotion, this could not account for nicotine's serenic effects since social encounters eliminated the hypolocomotor effect, and nicotine did not alter social interaction times. Pretreatment with the homomeric (α7 subunit) nAChR antagonist methyllycaconitine (5mg/kg), but not the heteromeric (β2 or β4 subunit-containing) nAChR antagonist dihydro-β-erythroidine (DHβE, 3mg/kg), blocked the serenic effects of nicotine. By contrast, pretreatment with DHβE blocked the effect of acute nicotine administration on locomotion, uncoupling nicotine's serenic and hypolocomotor effects. Finally, the α7 nAChR partial agonist GTS-21 reduced aggression in C57BL/6 mice. These results support the idea that acute nicotine administration has serenic effects and provide evidence for specificity of this effect distinct from effects on locomotion. Furthermore, pharmacological studies suggest that activation of α7 nAChRs underlies the serenic effects of nicotine. Further studies of nAChRs could enhance understanding of the neurobiology of aggression and may lead to the development of novel, more specific treatments for pathological aggression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan S Lewis
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
| | - Yann S Mineur
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
| | - Philip H Smith
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
| | - Emma L M Cahuzac
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
| | - Marina R Picciotto
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
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Ferhat AT, Le Sourd AM, de Chaumont F, Olivo-Marin JC, Bourgeron T, Ey E. Social communication in mice--are there optimal cage conditions? PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121802. [PMID: 25806942 PMCID: PMC4373896 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Social communication is heavily affected in patients with neuropsychiatric disorders. Accordingly, mouse models designed to study the mechanisms leading to these disorders are tested for this phenotypic trait. Test conditions vary between different models, and the effect of these test conditions on the quantity and quality of social interactions and ultrasonic communication is unknown. The present study examines to which extent the habituation time to the test cage as well as the shape / size of the cage influence social communication in freely interacting mice. We tested 8 pairs of male mice in free dyadic social interactions, with two habituation times (20 min and 30 min) and three cage formats (rectangle, round, square). We tested the effect of these conditions on the different types of social contacts, approach-escape sequences, follow behavior, and the time each animal spent in the vision field of the other one, as well as on the emission of ultrasonic vocalizations and their contexts of emission. We provide for the first time an integrated analysis of the social interaction behavior and ultrasonic vocalizations. Surprisingly, we did not highlight any significant effect of habituation time and cage shape / size on the behavioral events examined. There was only a slight increase of social interactions with the longer habituation time in the round cage. Remarkably, we also showed that vocalizations were emitted during specific behavioral sequences especially during close contact or approach behaviors. The present study provides a protocol reliably eliciting social contacts and ultrasonic vocalizations in adult male mice. This protocol is therefore well adapted for standardized investigation of social interactions in mouse models of neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allain-Thibeault Ferhat
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 3571 ‘Genes, Synapses and Cognition’, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Paris, France
| | - Anne-Marie Le Sourd
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 3571 ‘Genes, Synapses and Cognition’, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Thomas Bourgeron
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 3571 ‘Genes, Synapses and Cognition’, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Paris, France
- FondaMental Foundation, Créteil, France
| | - Elodie Ey
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 3571 ‘Genes, Synapses and Cognition’, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
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40
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Topographic mapping between basal forebrain cholinergic neurons and the medial prefrontal cortex in mice. J Neurosci 2015; 34:16234-46. [PMID: 25471564 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3011-14.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The basal forebrain cholinergic innervation of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is crucial for cognitive performance. However, little is known about the organization of connectivity between the basal forebrain and the mPFC in the mouse. Using focal virus injections inducing Cre-dependent enhanced yellow fluorescent protein expression in ChAT-IRES-Cre mice, we tested the hypothesis that there is a topographic mapping between the basal forebrain cholinergic neurons and their axonal projections to the mPFC. We found that ascending cholinergic fibers to the mPFC follow four pathways and that cholinergic neurons take these routes depending on their location in the basal forebrain. In addition, a general mapping pattern was observed in which the position of cholinergic neurons measured along a rostral to caudal extent in the basal forebrain correlated with a ventral to dorsal and a rostral to caudal shift of cholinergic fiber distribution in mPFC. Finally, we found that neurons in the rostral and caudal parts of the basal forebrain differentially innervate the superficial and deep layers of the ventral regions of the mPFC. Thus, a frontocaudal organization of the cholinergic system exists in which distinct mPFC areas and cortical layers are targeted depending on the location of the cholinergic neuron in the basal forebrain.
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Nosjean A, Cressant A, de Chaumont F, Olivo-Marin JC, Chauveau F, Granon S. Acute stress in adulthood impoverishes social choices and triggers aggressiveness in preclinical models. Front Behav Neurosci 2015; 8:447. [PMID: 25610381 PMCID: PMC4285129 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult C57BL/6J mice are known to exhibit high level of social flexibility while mice lacking the β2 subunit of nicotinic receptors (β2(-/-) mice) present social rigidity. We asked ourselves what would be the consequences of a restraint acute stress (45 min) on social interactions in adult mice of both genotypes, hence the contribution of neuronal nicotinic receptors in this process. We therefore dissected social interaction complexity of stressed and not stressed dyads of mice in a social interaction task. We also measured plasma corticosterone levels in our experimental conditions. We showed that a single stress exposure occurring in adulthood reduced and disorganized social interaction complexity in both C57BL/6J and β2(-/-) mice. These stress-induced maladaptive social interactions involved alteration of distinct social categories and strategies in both genotypes, suggesting a dissociable impact of stress depending on the functioning of the cholinergic nicotinic system. In both genotypes, social behaviors under stress were coupled to aggressive reactions with no plasma corticosterone changes. Thus, aggressiveness appeared a general response independent of nicotinic function. We demonstrate here that a single stress exposure occurring in adulthood is sufficient to impoverish social interactions: stress impaired social flexibility in C57BL/6J mice whereas it reinforced β2(-/-) mice behavioral rigidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Nosjean
- Centre de Neuroscience Paris Sud, Université Paris Sud 11 and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8195 Orsay, France
| | - Arnaud Cressant
- Centre de Neuroscience Paris Sud, Université Paris Sud 11 and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8195 Orsay, France
| | - Fabrice de Chaumont
- Unité d'Analyse d'Images Quantitative, Institut Pasteur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique URA 2582 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Olivo-Marin
- Unité d'Analyse d'Images Quantitative, Institut Pasteur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique URA 2582 Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Chauveau
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, NCO, Unité NPS Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Sylvie Granon
- Centre de Neuroscience Paris Sud, Université Paris Sud 11 and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8195 Orsay, France
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Drouet JB, Fauvelle F, Maunoir-Regimbal S, Fidier N, Maury R, Peinnequin A, Denis J, Buguet A, Canini F. Differences in prefrontal cortex GABA/glutamate ratio after acute restraint stress in rats are associated with specific behavioral and neurobiological patterns. Neuroscience 2014; 285:155-65. [PMID: 25451275 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.10.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Revised: 10/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In patients suffering from stress-related pathologies and depression, frontal cortex GABA and glutamate contents are reported to decrease and increase, respectively. This suggests that the GABA and/or glutamate content may participate in pathological phenotype expression. Whether differences in frontal cortex GABA and glutamate contents would be associated with specific behavioral and neurobiological patterns remains unclear, especially in the event of exposure to moderate stress. We hypothesized that an increase in prefrontal cortex GABA/glutamate ratio would be associated with a blunted prefrontal cortex activation, an enhanced hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis activation and changes in behavior. Rats being restrained for 1-h were then tested in an open-field test in order to assess their behavior while under stress, and were sacrificed immediately afterward. The GABA/glutamate ratio was assessed by (1)H high-resolution magic angle spinning magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-HRMAS-MRS). The neurobiological response was evaluated through prefrontal cortex mRNA expression and plasma corticosterone levels. The stressed rats were distributed into two subgroups according to their high (H-G/g) or low (L-G/g) GABA/glutamate ratio. Compared to the L-G/g rats, the H-G/g rats exhibited a decrease in c-fos, Arc, Npas4, Nr4a2 mRNA expression suggesting blunted prefrontal cortex activation. They also showed a more pronounced stress with an enhanced rise in corticosterone, alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, as well as behavioral disturbances with decreased locomotion speed. These changes were independent from prefrontal cortex energetic status as mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway activities were similar in both subpopulations. The differences in GABA/glutamate ratio in the frontal cortex observed in the stressed animals may participate in shaping individual differences in psychophysiological reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-B Drouet
- Département Neurosciences & Contraintes Opérationnelles, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), BP73, 91223 Brétigny-sur-Orge Cédex, France
| | - F Fauvelle
- Département Radiobiologie et de Radiopathologie, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), BP73, 91223 Brétigny-sur-Orge Cédex, France
| | - S Maunoir-Regimbal
- Département Radiobiologie et de Radiopathologie, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), BP73, 91223 Brétigny-sur-Orge Cédex, France
| | - N Fidier
- Département Neurosciences & Contraintes Opérationnelles, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), BP73, 91223 Brétigny-sur-Orge Cédex, France
| | - R Maury
- Département Neurosciences & Contraintes Opérationnelles, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), BP73, 91223 Brétigny-sur-Orge Cédex, France
| | - A Peinnequin
- Pôle de Génomique, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), BP73, 91223 Brétigny-sur-Orge Cédex, France
| | - J Denis
- Laboratoire d'analyses biologiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), BP73, 91223 Brétigny-sur-Orge Cédex, France
| | - A Buguet
- Quartier Campement, Ignié (PK-45), Congo
| | - F Canini
- Département Neurosciences & Contraintes Opérationnelles, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), BP73, 91223 Brétigny-sur-Orge Cédex, France; Ecole du Val de Grâce, 1 place Laveran, F-75005 Paris, France.
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Abstract
There have been a number of attempts to study PET radioligands for imaging nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the human brain, and the most successful tracers found are radioligands for imaging α4β2-nAChRs, which is the main cerebral nAChRs subtype. C-Nicotine and 2-[F]FA have been applied in many studies in humans. However, neither is entirely ideal and efforts have been made to develop radioligands with optimized imaging properties. Only a few reports have been published on radioligands for α7-nAChRs imaging, another important cerebral nAChRs subtype. This paper will review the development of PET radioligands for imaging cerebral nAChRs.
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Role of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in regulating dopamine neuron activity. Neuroscience 2014; 282:86-100. [PMID: 24881574 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons play a central role in a wide range of behaviors, from attention and motivation to motor control and reinforcement. The release of DA is modulated by a number of factors, and its deregulation has been implicated in multiple psychiatric disorders, such as addiction. In particular, nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are key modulators of DA cells. Nicotine, the main addictive component in tobacco, strongly interacts with these receptors in the midbrain DA systems, resulting in reinforcing effects that are at the core of tobacco addiction. nAChRs are virtually expressed on every cell of the DA system, both at pre-, post- and extra-synaptic locations. The complex issue of interpreting the role of the large portfolio of different nAChR subtypes expressed on ventral tegmental area (VTA) and substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) neurons, and especially their role in defining functional DAergic subpopulations, is far from being solved. In this review we will try to provide the reader with an integrative view of the nicotinic modulation of DA neurons and its influence at the cellular, systemic and behavioral levels (exploratory behavior), as well as its implication in the reinforcing effects of nicotine.
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45
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Molas S, Dierssen M. The role of nicotinic receptors in shaping and functioning of the glutamatergic system: a window into cognitive pathology. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2014; 46 Pt 2:315-25. [PMID: 24879992 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Revised: 04/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The involvement of the cholinergic system in learning, memory and attention has long been recognized, although its neurobiological mechanisms are not fully understood. Recent evidence identifies the endogenous cholinergic signaling via nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) as key players in determining the morphological and functional maturation of the glutamatergic system. Here, we review the available experimental and clinical evidence of nAChRs contribution to the establishment of the glutamatergic system, and therefore to cognitive function. We provide some clues of the putative underlying molecular mechanisms and discuss recent human studies that associate genetic variability of the genes encoding nAChR subunits with cognitive disorders. Finally, we discuss the new avenues to therapeutically targeting nAChRs in persons with cognitive dysfunction for which the α7-nAChR subunit is an important etiological mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Molas
- Systems Biology Program, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona E-08003, Spain; University Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona E-08003, Spain
| | - Mara Dierssen
- Systems Biology Program, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona E-08003, Spain; University Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona E-08003, Spain.
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46
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Somm E, Guérardel A, Maouche K, Toulotte A, Veyrat-Durebex C, Rohner-Jeanrenaud F, Maskos U, Hüppi PS, Schwitzgebel VM. Concomitant alpha7 and beta2 nicotinic AChR subunit deficiency leads to impaired energy homeostasis and increased physical activity in mice. Mol Genet Metab 2014; 112:64-72. [PMID: 24685552 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2014.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2013] [Revised: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are pentameric ligand-gated cation channels well characterized in neuronal signal transmission. Moreover, recent studies have revealed nAChR expression in nonneuronal cell types throughout the body, including tissues involved in metabolism. In the present study, we screen gene expression of nAChR subunits in pancreatic islets and adipose tissues. Mice pancreatic islets present predominant expression of α7 and β2 nAChR subunits but at a lower level than in central structures. Characterization of glucose and energy homeostasis in α7β2nAChR(-/-) mice revealed no major defect in insulin secretion and sensitivity but decreased glycemia apparently unrelated to gluconeogenesis or glycogenolysis. α7β2nAChR(-/-) mice presented an increase in lean and bone body mass and a decrease in fat storage with normal body weight. These observations were associated with elevated spontaneous physical activity in α7β2nAChR(-/-) mice, mainly due to elevation in fine vertical (rearing) activity while their horizontal (ambulatory) activity remained unchanged. In contrast to α7nAChR(-/-) mice presenting glucose intolerance and insulin resistance associated to excessive inflammation of adipose tissue, the present metabolic phenotyping of α7β2nAChR(-/-) mice revealed a metabolic improvement possibly linked to the increase in spontaneous physical activity related to central β2nAChR deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Somm
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Audrey Guérardel
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Kamel Maouche
- Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne-Paris-Cité, Laboratoire B2PE (Biologie et Pathologie du Pancréas Endocrine), Unité BFA (Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative), CNRS UMR 8251, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Toulotte
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christelle Veyrat-Durebex
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Françoise Rohner-Jeanrenaud
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Uwe Maskos
- Département de Neuroscience, Institut Pasteur, Unité Neurobiologie intégrative des systèmes cholinergiques, Paris, France
| | - Petra S Hüppi
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Valérie M Schwitzgebel
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Acetylcholine elevation relieves cognitive rigidity and social deficiency in a mouse model of autism. Neuropsychopharmacology 2014; 39:831-40. [PMID: 24096295 PMCID: PMC3924518 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2013.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Revised: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are defined by behavioral deficits in social interaction and communication, repetitive stereotyped behaviors, and restricted interests/cognitive rigidity. Recent studies in humans and animal-models suggest that dysfunction of the cholinergic system may underlie autism-related behavioral symptoms. Here we tested the hypothesis that augmentation of acetylcholine (ACh) in the synaptic cleft by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase may ameliorate autistic phenotypes. We first administered the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (AChEI) Donepezil systemically by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections. Second, the drug was injected directly into the rodent homolog of the caudate nucleus, the dorsomedial striatum (DMS), of the inbred mouse strain BTBR T+tf/J (BTBR), a commonly-used model presenting all core autism-related phenotypes and expressing low brain ACh levels. We found that i.p. injection of AChEI to BTBR mice significantly relieved autism-relevant phenotypes, including decreasing cognitive rigidity, improving social preference, and enhancing social interaction, in a dose-dependent manner. Microinjection of the drug directly into the DMS, but not into the ventromedial striatum, led to significant amelioration of the cognitive-rigidity and social-deficiency phenotypes. Taken together, these findings provide evidence of the key role of the cholinergic system and the DMS in the etiology of ASD, and suggest that elevated cognitive flexibility may result in enhanced social attention. The potential therapeutic effect of AChEIs in ASD patients is discussed.
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48
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Konsolaki E, Skaliora I. Premature Aging Phenotype in Mice Lacking High-Affinity Nicotinic Receptors: Region-Specific Changes in Layer V Pyramidal Cell Morphology. Cereb Cortex 2014; 25:2138-48. [PMID: 24554727 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhu019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms by which aging leads to alterations in brain structure and cognitive deficits are unclear. Α deficient cholinergic system has been implicated as one of the main factors that could confer a heightened vulnerability to the aging process, and mice lacking high-affinity nicotinic receptors (β2(-/-)) have been proposed as an animal model of accelerated cognitive aging. To date, however, age-related changes in neuronal microanatomy have not been studied in these mice. In the present study, we examine the neuronal structure of yellow fluorescent protein (YFP(+)) layer V neurons in 2 cytoarchitectonically distinct cortical regions in wild-type (WT) and β2(-/-) animals. We find that (1) substantial morphological differences exist between YFP(+) cells of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and primary visual cortex (V1), in both genotypes; (2) in WT animals, ACC cells are more susceptible to aging compared with cells in V1; and (3) β2 deletion is associated with a regionally and temporally specific increase in vulnerability to aging. ACC cells exhibit a prematurely aged phenotype already at 4-6 months, whereas V1 cells are spared in adulthood but strongly affected in old animals. Collectively, our data reveal region-specific synergistic effects of aging and genotype and suggest distinct vulnerabilities in V1 and ACC neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Konsolaki
- Neurophysiology Laboratory, Division of Developmental Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens 115 27, Greece
| | - Irini Skaliora
- Neurophysiology Laboratory, Division of Developmental Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens 115 27, Greece
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Coura RS, Cressant A, Xia J, de Chaumont F, Olivo-Marin JC, Pelloux Y, Dalley JW, Granon S. Nonaggressive and adapted social cognition is controlled by the interplay between noradrenergic and nicotinic receptor mechanisms in the prefrontal cortex. FASEB J 2013; 27:4343-54. [PMID: 23882123 PMCID: PMC3977319 DOI: 10.1096/fj.13-231084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Social animals establish flexible behaviors and integrated decision-making processes to adapt to social environments. Such behaviors are impaired in all major neuropsychiatric disorders and depend on the prefrontal cortex (PFC). We previously showed that nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and norepinephrine (NE) in the PFC are necessary for mice to show adapted social cognition. Here, we investigated how the cholinergic and NE systems converge within the PFC to modulate social behavior. We used a social interaction task (SIT) in C57BL/6 mice and mice lacking β2*nAChRs (β2(-/-) mice), making use of dedicated software to analyze >20 social sequences and pinpoint social decisions. We performed specific PFC NE depletions before SIT and measured monoamines and acetylcholine (ACh) levels in limbic corticostriatal circuitry. After PFC-NE depletion, C57BL/6 mice exhibited impoverished and more rigid social behavior and were 6-fold more aggressive than sham-lesioned animals, whereas β2(-/-) mice showed unimpaired social behavior. Our biochemical measures suggest a critical involvement of DA in SIT. In addition, we show that the balance between basal levels of monoamines and of ACh modulates aggressiveness and this modulation requires functional β2*nAChRs. These findings demonstrate the critical interplay between prefrontal NE and nAChRs for the development of adapted and nonaggressive social cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata S Coura
- 3Centre de Neuroscience Paris Sud, UMR 8195, Université Paris Sud, Orsay, 91405.
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Drusch K, Lowe A, Fisahn K, Brinkmeyer J, Musso F, Mobascher A, Warbrick T, Shah J, Ohmann C, Winterer G, Wölwer W. Effects of nicotine on social cognition, social competence and self-reported stress in schizophrenia patients and healthy controls. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2013; 263:519-27. [PMID: 23081705 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-012-0377-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2011] [Accepted: 10/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
More than 80 % of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia are nicotine-dependent. Self-medication of cognitive deficits and an increased vulnerability to stress are discussed as promoting factors for the development of nicotine dependence. However, the effects of nicotine on social cognition and subjective stress responses in schizophrenia are largely unexplored. A 2 × 2-factorial design (drug × group) was used to investigate the effects of nicotine versus placebo in smoking schizophrenia patients and healthy controls after 24 h of abstinence from smoking. Participants performed a facial affect recognition task and a semi-standardized role-play task, after which social competence and self-reported stress during social interaction were assessed. Data analysis revealed no significant group differences in the facial affect recognition task. During social interaction, healthy controls showed more non-verbal expressions and a lower subjective stress level than schizophrenia patients. There were no significant effects of nicotine in terms of an enhanced recognition of facial affect, more expressive behaviour or reduced subjective stress during social interaction. While schizophrenia patients unexpectedly recognized facial affect not significantly worse than healthy controls, the observed group differences in subjective stress and non-verbal expression during social interaction in the role-play situation are in line with previous findings. Contrary to expectations derived from the self-medication hypothesis, nicotine showed no significant effects on the dependent variables, perhaps because of the dosage used and the delay between the administration of nicotine and the performance of the role-play.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Drusch
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, LVR Klinikum Düsseldorf, Bergische Landstraße 2, 40629, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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