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Shabalina IG, Jiménez B, Sousa-Filho CPB, Cannon B, Nedergaard J. In isolated brown adipose tissue mitochondria, UCP1 is not essential for - nor involved in - the uncoupling effects of the classical uncouplers FCCP and DNP. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2024; 1866:149516. [PMID: 39357779 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2024.149516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Recent patch-clamp studies of mitoplasts have challenged the traditional view that classical chemical uncoupling (by e.g. FCCP or DNP) is due to the protonophoric property of these substances themselves. These studies instead suggest that in brown-fat mitochondria, FCCP- and DNP-induced uncoupling is mediated through activation of UCP1 (and in other tissues by activation of the adenine nucleotide transporter). These studies thus advocate an entirely new paradigm for the interpretation of standard bioenergetic experiments. To examine whether these patch-clamp results obtained in brown-fat mitoplasts are directly transferable to classical isolated brown-fat mitochondria studies, we investigated the effects of FCCP and DNP in brown-fat mitochondria from wildtype and UCP1 KO mice, comparing the FCCP and DNP effects with those of a fatty acid (oleate), a bona fide activator of UCP1. Whereas the sensitivity of brown-fat mitochondria to oleate was much higher in UCP1-containing than in UCP1 KO mitochondria, there was no difference in sensitivity to FCCP and DNP between these mitochondria, neither in oxygen consumption rate nor in membrane potential studies. Correspondingly, the UCP1-dependent ability of GDP to competitively inhibit activation by oleate was not seen with FCCP and DNP. It would thus be premature to abandon the established bioenergetic interpretation of chemical uncoupler effects in classical isolated brown-fat mitochondria-and probably also generally in this type of mitochondrial study. Understanding the molecular and structural reasons for the different outcomes of mitoplast and mitochondrial studies is a challenging task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina G Shabalina
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - Beatriz Jiménez
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Sweden
| | | | - Barbara Cannon
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Sweden.
| | - Jan Nedergaard
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Sweden
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2
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Inoue SI, Emmett MJ, Lim HW, Midha M, Richter HJ, Celwyn IJ, Mehmood R, Chondronikola M, Klein S, Hauck AK, Lazar MA. Short-term cold exposure induces persistent epigenomic memory in brown fat. Cell Metab 2024; 36:1764-1778.e9. [PMID: 38889724 PMCID: PMC11305953 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Deficiency of the epigenome modulator histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) in brown adipose tissue (BAT) impairs the ability of mice to survive in near-freezing temperatures. Here, we report that short-term exposure to mild cold temperature (STEMCT: 15°C for 24 h) averted lethal hypothermia of mice lacking HDAC3 in BAT (HDAC3 BAT KO) exposed to 4°C. STEMCT restored the induction of the thermogenic coactivator PGC-1α along with UCP1 at 22°C, which is greatly impaired in HDAC3-deficient BAT, and deletion of either UCP1 or PGC-1α prevented the protective effect of STEMCT. Remarkably, this protection lasted for up to 7 days. Transcriptional activator C/EBPβ was induced by short-term cold exposure in mouse and human BAT and, uniquely, remained high for 7 days following STEMCT. Adeno-associated virus-mediated knockdown of BAT C/EBPβ in HDAC3 BAT KO mice erased the persistent memory of STEMCT, revealing the existence of a C/EBPβ-dependent and HDAC3-independent cold-adaptive epigenomic memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ichi Inoue
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Matthew J Emmett
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hee-Woong Lim
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Mohit Midha
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hannah J Richter
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Isaac J Celwyn
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Rashid Mehmood
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Maria Chondronikola
- Institute of Metabolic Science-Metabolic Research Laboratories and Medical Research Council Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Samuel Klein
- Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Science, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Amy K Hauck
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mitchell A Lazar
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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3
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Carpentier AC, Blondin DP. Is stimulation of browning of human adipose tissue a relevant therapeutic target? ANNALES D'ENDOCRINOLOGIE 2024; 85:184-189. [PMID: 38871497 DOI: 10.1016/j.ando.2024.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) and beige adipose tissues are important contributors to cold-induced whole body thermogenesis in rodents. The documentation in humans of cold- and ß-adrenergic receptor agonist-stimulated BAT glucose uptake using positron emission tomography (PET) and of a decrease of this response in individuals with cardiometabolic disorders led to the suggestion that BAT/beige adipose tissues could be relevant targets for prevention and treatment of these conditions. In this brief review, we will critically assess this question by first describing the basic rationale for this affirmation, second by examining the evidence in human studies, and third by discussing the possible means to activate the thermogenic response of these tissues in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- André C Carpentier
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.
| | - Denis P Blondin
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
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4
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Liu Y, Liu Z, Ren Z, Han Q, Chen X, Han J, Qiu G, Sun C. NDUFA9 and its crotonylation modification promote browning of white adipocytes by activating mitochondrial function in mice. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2024; 171:106583. [PMID: 38657899 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2024.106583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Protein crotonylation plays a role in regulating cellular metabolism, gene expression, and other biological processes. NDUFA9 (NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 9) is closely associated with the activity and function of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I. Mitochondrial function and respiratory chain are closely related to browning of white adipocytes, it's speculated that NDUFA9 and its crotonylation are associated with browning of white adipocytes. Firstly, the effect of NDUFA9 on white adipose tissue was verified in white fat browning model mice, and it was found that NDUFA9 promoted mitochondrial respiration, thermogenesis, and browning of white adipose tissue. Secondly, in cellular studies, it was discovered that NDUFA9 facilitated browning of white adipocytes by enhancing mitochondrial function, mitochondrial complex I activity, ATP synthesis, and mitochondrial respiration. Again, the level of NDUFA9 crotonylation was increased by treating cells with vorinostat (SAHA)+sodium crotonate (NaCr) and overexpressing NDUFA9, it was found that NDUFA9 crotonylation promoted browning of white adipocytes. Meanwhile, the acetylation level of NDUFA9 was increased by treating cells with SAHA+sodium acetate (NaAc) and overexpressing NDUFA9, the assay revealed that NDUFA9 acetylation inhibited white adipocytes browning. Finally, combined with the competitive relationship between acetylation and crotonylation, it was also demonstrated that NDUFA9 crotonylation promoted browning of white adipocytes. Above results indicate that NDUFA9 and its crotonylation modification promote mitochondrial function, which in turn promotes browning of white adipocytes. This study establishes a theoretical foundation for the management and intervention of obesity, which is crucial in addressing obesity and related medical conditions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexia Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zunhai Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zeyu Ren
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Qiannan Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xinhao Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jialu Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Guiping Qiu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Chao Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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5
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Wen X, Song Y, Zhang M, Kang Y, Chen D, Ma H, Nan F, Duan Y, Li J. Polyphenol Compound 18a Modulates UCP1-Dependent Thermogenesis to Counteract Obesity. Biomolecules 2024; 14:618. [PMID: 38927022 PMCID: PMC11201655 DOI: 10.3390/biom14060618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent studies increasingly suggest that targeting brown/beige adipose tissues to enhance energy expenditure offers a novel therapeutic approach for treating metabolic diseases. Brown/beige adipocytes exhibit elevated expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), which is a thermogenic protein that efficiently converts energy into heat, particularly in response to cold stimulation. Polyphenols possess potential anti-obesity properties, but their pharmacological effects are limited by their bioavailability and distribution within tissue. This study discovered 18a, a polyphenol compound with a favorable distribution within adipose tissues, which transcriptionally activates UCP1, thereby promoting thermogenesis and enhancing mitochondrial respiration in brown adipocytes. Furthermore, in vivo studies demonstrated that 18a prevents high-fat-diet-induced weight gain and improves insulin sensitivity. Our research provides strong mechanistic evidence that UCP1 is a complex mediator of 18a-induced thermogenesis, which is a critical process in obesity mitigation. Brown adipose thermogenesis is triggered by 18a via the AMPK-PGC-1α pathway. As a result, our research highlights a thermogenic controlled polyphenol compound 18a and clarifies its underlying mechanisms, thus offering a potential strategy for the thermogenic targeting of adipose tissue to reduce the incidence of obesity and its related metabolic problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueping Wen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yufei Song
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Guo Shou Jing Road, Shanghai 201203, China (F.N.)
| | - Yiping Kang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Guo Shou Jing Road, Shanghai 201203, China (F.N.)
| | - Dandan Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Guo Shou Jing Road, Shanghai 201203, China (F.N.)
| | - Hui Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Guo Shou Jing Road, Shanghai 201203, China (F.N.)
| | - Fajun Nan
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Guo Shou Jing Road, Shanghai 201203, China (F.N.)
| | - Yanan Duan
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Guo Shou Jing Road, Shanghai 201203, China (F.N.)
| | - Jingya Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Guo Shou Jing Road, Shanghai 201203, China (F.N.)
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6
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Abdillah AM, Yun JW. Capsaicin induces ATP-dependent thermogenesis via the activation of TRPV1/β3-AR/α1-AR in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and mouse model. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 755:109975. [PMID: 38531438 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2024.109975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Capsaicin (CAP) is a natural bioactive compound in chili pepper that activates the transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily 1 (TRPV1) and is known to stimulate uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)-dependent thermogenesis. However, its effect on ATP-dependent thermogenesis remains unknown. In this study, we employed qRT-PCR, immunoblot, staining method, and assay kit to investigate the role of CAP on ATP-dependent thermogenesis and its modulatory roles on the TRPV1, β3-adrenergic receptor (β3-AR), and α1-AR using in vitro and in vivo models. The studies showed that CAP treatment in high-fat diet-induced obese mice resulted in lower body weight gain and elevated ATP-dependent thermogenic effectors' protein and gene expression through ATP-consuming calcium and creatine futile cycles. In both in vitro and in vivo experiments, CAP treatment elevated the protein and gene expressions of sarcoendoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2 (SERCA2), ryanodine receptor 2 (RYR2), creatine kinase B (CKB), and creatine kinase mitochondrial 2 (CKMT2) mediated by the activation of β3-AR, α1-AR, and TRPV1. Our study showed that CAP increased intracellular Ca2+ levels and the expression of voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) and mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) which indicates that increased mitochondrial Ca2+ levels lead to increased expression of oxidative phosphorylation protein complexes as a result of ATP-futile cycle activation. A mechanistic study in 3T3-L1 adipocytes revealed that CAP induces UCP1- and ATP-dependent thermogenesis mediated by the β3-AR/PKA/p38MAPK/ERK as well as calcium-dependent α1-AR/TRPV1/CaMKII/AMPK/SIRT1 pathway. Taken together, we identified CAP's novel functional and modulatory roles in UCP1- and ATP-dependent thermogenesis, which is important for developing therapeutic strategies for combating obesity and metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfin Mohammad Abdillah
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Won Yun
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38453, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Yu X, Benitez G, Wei PT, Krylova SV, Song Z, Liu L, Zhang M, Xiaoli AM, Wei H, Chen F, Sidoli S, Yang F, Shinoda K, Pessin JE, Feng D. Involution of brown adipose tissue through a Syntaxin 4 dependent pyroptosis pathway. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2856. [PMID: 38565851 PMCID: PMC10987578 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46944-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging, chronic high-fat diet feeding, or housing at thermoneutrality induces brown adipose tissue (BAT) involution, a process characterized by reduction of BAT mass and function with increased lipid droplet size. Single nuclei RNA sequencing of aged mice identifies a specific brown adipocyte population of Ucp1-low cells that are pyroptotic and display a reduction in the longevity gene syntaxin 4 (Stx4a). Similar to aged brown adipocytes, Ucp1-STX4KO mice display loss of brown adipose tissue mass and thermogenic dysfunction concomitant with increased pyroptosis. Restoration of STX4 expression or suppression of pyroptosis activation protects against the decline in both mass and thermogenic activity in the aged and Ucp1-STX4KO mice. Mechanistically, STX4 deficiency reduces oxidative phosphorylation, glucose uptake, and glycolysis leading to reduced ATP levels, a known triggering signal for pyroptosis. Together, these data demonstrate an understanding of rapid brown adipocyte involution and that physiologic aging and thermogenic dysfunction result from pyroptotic signaling activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Yu
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Gabrielle Benitez
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Peter Tszki Wei
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Sofia V Krylova
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Ziyi Song
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Meifan Zhang
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Alus M Xiaoli
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Henna Wei
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Fenfen Chen
- Department of Animal Science, College of Life Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650244, China
| | - Simone Sidoli
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Fajun Yang
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Kosaku Shinoda
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Jeffrey E Pessin
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Daorong Feng
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
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8
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Shi L, Yang J, Tao Z, Zheng L, Bui T, Alonso R, Yue F, Cheng Z. Loss of FoxO1 activates an alternate mechanism of mitochondrial quality control for healthy adipose browning. Clin Sci (Lond) 2024; 138:371-385. [PMID: 38469619 PMCID: PMC10932742 DOI: 10.1042/cs20230973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Browning of white adipose tissue is hallmarked by increased mitochondrial density and metabolic improvements. However, it remains largely unknown how mitochondrial turnover and quality control are regulated during adipose browning. In the present study, we found that mice lacking adipocyte FoxO1, a transcription factor that regulates autophagy, adopted an alternate mechanism of mitophagy to maintain mitochondrial turnover and quality control during adipose browning. Post-developmental deletion of adipocyte FoxO1 (adO1KO) suppressed Bnip3 but activated Fundc1/Drp1/OPA1 cascade, concurrent with up-regulation of Atg7 and CTSL. In addition, mitochondrial biogenesis was stimulated via the Pgc1α/Tfam pathway in adO1KO mice. These changes were associated with enhanced mitochondrial homeostasis and metabolic health (e.g., improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity). By contrast, silencing Fundc1 or Pgc1α reversed the changes induced by silencing FoxO1, which impaired mitochondrial quality control and function. Ablation of Atg7 suppressed mitochondrial turnover and function, causing metabolic disorder (e.g., impaired glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity), regardless of elevated markers of adipose browning. Consistently, suppression of autophagy via CTSL by high-fat diet was associated with a reversal of adO1KO-induced benefits. Our data reveal a unique role of FoxO1 in coordinating mitophagy receptors (Bnip3 and Fundc1) for a fine-tuned mitochondrial turnover and quality control, underscoring autophagic clearance of mitochondria as a prerequisite for healthy browning of adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Shi
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, U.S.A
- Interdisciplinary Nutritional Sciences Doctoral Program, Center for Nutritional Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, U.S.A
- Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, U.S.A
| | - Jinying Yang
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, U.S.A
- Interdisciplinary Nutritional Sciences Doctoral Program, Center for Nutritional Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, U.S.A
| | - Zhipeng Tao
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, U.S.A
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, U.S.A
| | - Louise Zheng
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, U.S.A
| | - Tyler F. Bui
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, U.S.A
| | - Ramon L. Alonso
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, U.S.A
| | - Feng Yue
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, U.S.A
| | - Zhiyong Cheng
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, U.S.A
- Interdisciplinary Nutritional Sciences Doctoral Program, Center for Nutritional Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, U.S.A
- Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, U.S.A
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, U.S.A
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9
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Rahbani JF, Bunk J, Lagarde D, Samborska B, Roesler A, Xiao H, Shaw A, Kaiser Z, Braun JL, Geromella MS, Fajardo VA, Koza RA, Kazak L. Parallel control of cold-triggered adipocyte thermogenesis by UCP1 and CKB. Cell Metab 2024; 36:526-540.e7. [PMID: 38272036 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
That uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) is the sole mediator of adipocyte thermogenesis is a conventional viewpoint that has primarily been inferred from the attenuation of the thermogenic output of mice genetically lacking Ucp1 from birth (germline Ucp1-/-). However, germline Ucp1-/- mice harbor secondary changes within brown adipose tissue. To mitigate these potentially confounding ancillary changes, we constructed mice with inducible adipocyte-selective Ucp1 disruption. We find that, although germline Ucp1-/- mice succumb to cold-induced hypothermia with complete penetrance, most mice with the inducible deletion of Ucp1 maintain homeothermy in the cold. However, inducible adipocyte-selective co-deletion of Ucp1 and creatine kinase b (Ckb, an effector of UCP1-independent thermogenesis) exacerbates cold intolerance. Following UCP1 deletion or UCP1/CKB co-deletion from mature adipocytes, moderate cold exposure triggers the regeneration of mature brown adipocytes that coordinately restore UCP1 and CKB expression. Our findings suggest that thermogenic adipocytes utilize non-paralogous protein redundancy-through UCP1 and CKB-to promote cold-induced energy dissipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janane F Rahbani
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Jakub Bunk
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Damien Lagarde
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Bozena Samborska
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Anna Roesler
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Haopeng Xiao
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Abhirup Shaw
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Zafir Kaiser
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Jessica L Braun
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Mia S Geromella
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Val A Fajardo
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Robert A Koza
- MaineHealth Institute for Research, Scarborough, ME 04074, USA
| | - Lawrence Kazak
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada.
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10
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Stanic S, Bardova K, Janovska P, Rossmeisl M, Kopecky J, Zouhar P. Prolonged FGF21 treatment increases energy expenditure and induces weight loss in obese mice independently of UCP1 and adrenergic signaling. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 221:116042. [PMID: 38325495 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) reduces body weight, which was attributed to induced energy expenditure (EE). Conflicting data have been published on the role of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in this effect. Therefore, we aimed to revisit the thermoregulatory effects of FGF21 and their implications for body weight regulation. We found that an 8-day treatment with FGF21 lowers body weight to similar extent in both wildtype (WT) and UCP1-deficient (KO) mice fed high-fat diet. In WT mice, this effect is solely due to increased EE, associated with a strong activation of UCP1 and with excess heat dissipated through the tail. This thermogenesis takes place in the interscapular region and can be attenuated by a β-adrenergic inhibitor propranolol. In KO mice, FGF21-induced weight loss correlates with a modest increase in EE, which is independent of adrenergic signaling, and with a reduced energy intake. Interestingly, the gene expression profile of interscapular brown adipose tissue (but not subcutaneous white adipose tissue) of KO mice is massively affected by FGF21, as shown by increased expression of genes encoding triacylglycerol/free fatty acid cycle enzymes. Thus, FGF21 elicits central thermogenic and pyretic effects followed by a concomitant increase in EE and body temperature, respectively. The associated weight loss is strongly dependent on UCP1-based thermogenesis. However, in the absence of UCP1, alternative mechanisms of energy dissipation may contribute, possibly based on futile triacylglycerol/free fatty acid cycling in brown adipose tissue and reduced food intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Stanic
- Laboratory of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague 142 00, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Vinicna 7, Prague 128 44, Czech Republic
| | - Kristina Bardova
- Laboratory of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague 142 00, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Janovska
- Laboratory of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague 142 00, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Rossmeisl
- Laboratory of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague 142 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kopecky
- Laboratory of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague 142 00, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Zouhar
- Laboratory of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague 142 00, Czech Republic.
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11
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Naren Q, Lindsund E, Bokhari MH, Pang W, Petrovic N. Differential responses to UCP1 ablation in classical brown versus beige fat, despite a parallel increase in sympathetic innervation. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105760. [PMID: 38367663 PMCID: PMC10944106 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.105760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
In the cold, the absence of the mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) results in hyper-recruitment of beige fat, but classical brown fat becomes atrophied. Here we examine possible mechanisms underlying this phenomenon. We confirm that in brown fat from UCP1-knockout (UCP1-KO) mice acclimated to the cold, the levels of mitochondrial respiratory chain proteins were diminished; however, in beige fat, the mitochondria seemed to be unaffected. The macrophages that accumulated massively not only in brown fat but also in beige fat of the UCP1-KO mice acclimated to cold did not express tyrosine hydroxylase, the norepinephrine transporter (NET) and monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A). Consequently, they could not influence the tissues through the synthesis or degradation of norepinephrine. Unexpectedly, in the cold, both brown and beige adipocytes from UCP1-KO mice acquired an ability to express MAO-A. Adipose tissue norepinephrine was exclusively of sympathetic origin, and sympathetic innervation significantly increased in both tissues of UCP1-KO mice. Importantly, the magnitude of sympathetic innervation and the expression levels of genes induced by adrenergic stimulation were much higher in brown fat. Therefore, we conclude that no qualitative differences in innervation or macrophage character could explain the contrasting reactions of brown versus beige adipose tissues to UCP1-ablation. Instead, these contrasting responses may be explained by quantitative differences in sympathetic innervation: the beige adipose depot from the UCP1-KO mice responded to cold acclimation in a canonical manner and displayed enhanced recruitment, while the atrophy of brown fat lacking UCP1 may be seen as a consequence of supraphysiological adrenergic stimulation in this tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qimuge Naren
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China; Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erik Lindsund
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Muhammad Hamza Bokhari
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Weijun Pang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Natasa Petrovic
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
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12
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Sun XN, An YA, Paschoal VA, de Souza CO, Wang MY, Vishvanath L, Bueno LM, Cobb AS, Nieto Carrion JA, Ibe ME, Li C, Kidd HA, Chen S, Li W, Gupta RK, Oh DY. GPR84-mediated signal transduction affects metabolic function by promoting brown adipocyte activity. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e168992. [PMID: 37856216 PMCID: PMC10721148 DOI: 10.1172/jci168992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The G protein-coupled receptor 84 (GPR84), a medium-chain fatty acid receptor, has garnered attention because of its potential involvement in a range of metabolic conditions. However, the precise mechanisms underlying this effect remain elusive. Our study has shed light on the pivotal role of GPR84, revealing its robust expression and functional significance within brown adipose tissue (BAT). Mice lacking GPR84 exhibited increased lipid accumulation in BAT, rendering them more susceptible to cold exposure and displaying reduced BAT activity compared with their WT counterparts. Our in vitro experiments with primary brown adipocytes from GPR84-KO mice revealed diminished expression of thermogenic genes and reduced O2 consumption. Furthermore, the application of the GPR84 agonist 6-n-octylaminouracil (6-OAU) counteracted these effects, effectively reinstating the brown adipocyte activity. These compelling in vivo and in vitro findings converge to highlight mitochondrial dysfunction as the primary cause of BAT anomalies in GPR84-KO mice. The activation of GPR84 induced an increase in intracellular Ca2+ levels, which intricately influenced mitochondrial respiration. By modulating mitochondrial Ca2+ levels and respiration, GPR84 acts as a potent molecule involved in BAT activity. These findings suggest that GPR84 is a potential therapeutic target for invigorating BAT and ameliorating metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Nan Sun
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Yu A. An
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Vivian A. Paschoal
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Camila O. de Souza
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - May-yun Wang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Lavanya Vishvanath
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Lorena M.A. Bueno
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Ayanna S. Cobb
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Joseph A. Nieto Carrion
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Madison E. Ibe
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Chao Li
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Harrison A. Kidd
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Shiuhwei Chen
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Wenhong Li
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Rana K. Gupta
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Da Young Oh
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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13
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Duerre DJ, Hansen JK, John S, Jen A, Carrillo N, Bui H, Bao Y, Fabregat M, Overmeyer K, Shishkova E, Keller MP, Anderson RA, Cryns VL, Attie AD, Coon JJ, Fan J, Galmozzi A. Heme biosynthesis regulates BCAA catabolism and thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.28.568893. [PMID: 38076785 PMCID: PMC10705273 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.28.568893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
With age, people tend to accumulate body fat and reduce energy expenditure 1 . Brown (BAT) and beige adipose tissue dissipate heat and increase energy expenditure via the activity of the uncoupling protein UCP1 and other thermogenic futile cycles 2,3 . The activity of brown and beige depots inversely correlates with BMI and age 4-11 , suggesting that promoting thermogenesis may be an effective approach for combating age-related metabolic disease 12-15 . Heme is an enzyme cofactor and signaling molecule that we recently showed to regulate BAT function 16 . Here, we show that heme biosynthesis is the primary contributor to intracellular heme levels in brown adipocytes. Inhibition of heme biosynthesis leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and reduction in UCP1. Although supplementing heme can restore mitochondrial function in heme-synthesis-deficient cells, the downregulation of UCP1 persists due to the accumulation of the heme precursors, particularly propionyl-CoA, which is a product of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) catabolism. Cold exposure promotes BCAA uptake in BAT, and defects in BCAA catabolism in this tissue hinder thermogenesis 17 . However, BCAAs' contribution to the TCA cycle in BAT and WAT never exceeds 2% of total TCA flux 18 . Our work offers a way to integrate current literature by describing heme biosynthesis as an important metabolic sink for BCAAs.
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Qian R, Yi X, Liu T, Chen H, Wang Y, Hu L, Guo L, Yang K, Deng H. Regulation of Ion Homeostasis for Enhanced Tumor Radio-Immunotherapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2304092. [PMID: 37740415 PMCID: PMC10646238 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Intra/extracellular ion content affects the growth and metastasis of tumor cells, as well as the efficacy of various antitumor therapies. Herein, a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (CAI) is loaded onto pH-responsive calcium carbonate (CaCO3 ) nanoparticles and then modify theses nanoparticles with liposomes to obtain biocompatible CaCO3 /CAI@Lipsome (CCL) for enhance tumor radio-immunotherapy. CCL can specially decompose in tumor microenvironment, releasing calcium ion (Ca2+ ) and CAI, as well as increasing the pH value of extracellular fluid. CAI restrains the flow of hydrogen ion (H+ ) inside and outside the tumor cells, resulting in the reversal of tumor acidic microenvironment and the increase of intracellular H+ , both of which can improve the sensitivity of tumor to radiotherapy. Afterward, the increased intracellular H+ together with radiotherapy-causes reactive oxygen species promotes calcium influx, leading to cellular calcium overload. Moreover, the CCL-tailored content of H+ and Ca2+ strengthens radiotherapy-induced immunogenic cell death and dendritic cell maturation, amplifying systemic anti-tumor adaptive immunity. Meanwhile, macrophages in the CCL-treated tumors are polarized from pro-tumor M2 to anti-tumor M1 under X-ray exposure, owing to the neutralization of tumor acidic microenvironment and enhances Ca2+ content. Therefore, multi-directional regulation of the intra/extra tumor cell pH/calcium by simple nano-preparation would provide a powerful way to improve the efficacy of radio-immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Qian
- Department of General Surgery and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510000China
| | - Xuan Yi
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Drug TargetsNantong UniversityNantongJiangsu226001China
| | - Teng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection and School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD‐X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education InstitutionsSoochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu215123China
| | - Hua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection and School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD‐X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education InstitutionsSoochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu215123China
| | - Yuhong Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySoochow UniversitySuzhou215005China
| | - Lin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection and School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD‐X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education InstitutionsSoochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu215123China
| | - Lingchuan Guo
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySoochow UniversitySuzhou215005China
| | - Kai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection and School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD‐X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education InstitutionsSoochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu215123China
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySoochow UniversitySuzhou215005China
| | - Haijun Deng
- Department of General Surgery and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510000China
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15
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Cui X, Liu H, Shi T, Zhao Q, Li F, Lv W, Yu C, Huang H, Tang QQ, Pan D. IFI27 Integrates Succinate and Fatty Acid Oxidation to Promote Adipocyte Thermogenic Adaption. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2301855. [PMID: 37544897 PMCID: PMC10558685 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202301855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the pivot organelles to control metabolism and energy homeostasis. The capacity of mitochondrial metabolic adaptions to cold stress is essential for adipocyte thermogenesis. How brown adipocytes keep mitochondrial fitness upon a challenge of cold-induced oxidative stress has not been well characterized. This manuscript shows that IFI27 plays an important role in cristae morphogenesis, keeping intact succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) function and active fatty acid oxidation to sustain thermogenesis in brown adipocytes. IFI27 protein interaction map identifies SDHB and HADHA as its binding partners. IFI27 physically links SDHB to chaperone TNF receptor associated protein 1 (TRAP1), which shields SDHB from oxidative damage-triggered degradation. Moreover, IFI27 increases hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase trifunctional multienzyme complex subunit alpha (HADHA) catalytic activity in β-oxidation pathway. The reduced SDH level and fatty acid oxidation in Ifi27-knockout brown fat results in impaired oxygen consumption and defective thermogenesis. Thus, IFI27 is a novel regulator of mitochondrial metabolism and thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Cui
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Haojie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ting Shi
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qingwen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Feiyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wenjing Lv
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Haiyan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qi-Qun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Dongning Pan
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
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16
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von Essen G, Lindsund E, Maldonado EM, Zouhar P, Cannon B, Nedergaard J. Highly recruited brown adipose tissue does not in itself protect against obesity. Mol Metab 2023; 76:101782. [PMID: 37499977 PMCID: PMC10432997 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The possibility to counteract the development of obesity in humans by recruiting brown or brite/beige adipose tissue (and thus UCP1) has attracted much attention. Here we examine if a diet that can activate diet-induced thermogenesis can exploit pre-enhanced amounts of UCP1 to counteract the development of diet-induced obesity. METHODS To investigate the anti-obesity significance of highly augmented amounts of UCP1 for control of body energy reserves, we physiologically increased total UCP1 amounts by recruitment of brown and brite/beige tissues in mice. We then examined the influence of the augmented UCP1 levels on metabolic parameters when the mice were exposed to a high-fat/high-sucrose diet under thermoneutral conditions. RESULTS The total UCP1 levels achieved were about 50-fold higher in recruited than in non-recruited mice. Contrary to underlying expectations, in the mice with highly recruited UCP1 and exposed to a high-fat/high-sucrose diet the thermogenic capacity of this UCP1 was completely inactivate. The mice even transiently (in an adipostat-like manner) demonstrated a higher metabolic efficiency and fat gain than did non-recruited mice. This was accomplished without altering energy expenditure or food absorption efficiency. The metabolic efficiency here was indistinguishable from that of mice totally devoid of UCP1. CONCLUSIONS Although UCP1 protein may be available, it is not inevitably utilized for diet-induced thermogenesis. Thus, although attempts to recruit UCP1 in humans may become successful as such, it is only if constant activation of the UCP1 is also achieved that amelioration of obesity development could be attained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella von Essen
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erik Lindsund
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elaina M Maldonado
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petr Zouhar
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; Laboratory of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, CZ-142 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbara Cannon
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Nedergaard
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
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17
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Zhao Y, Yu X, Kong W, Kong RM, Zhang E, Xia L, Zhang J, Qu F, Tan W. Responsive calcium-derived nanoassemblies induce mitochondrial disorder to promote tumor calcification. Chem Sci 2023; 14:9350-9359. [PMID: 37712028 PMCID: PMC10498499 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02945j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Physiological calcification of the treated tumor area is considered to be a predictor of good prognosis. Promoting tumor calcification by inducing mitochondrial metabolic disorder and destroying calcium equilibrium has a potential inhibitory effect on tumor proliferation. Here, by promoting calcification by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction combined with triggering a surge of reactive oxygen species, we construct a bioresponsive calcification initiator, termed CaP-AA, using CaHPO4 covalently doped l-ascorbic acid. CaHPO4 releases Ca2+ within the cytoplasm of tumor cells to trigger calcium overload. Meanwhile, exogenous l-ascorbic acid indirectly enhances metabolic balance disruption via pro-oxidant effects. Such Ca2+ overload increases the likelihood of tumor calcification in vivo for tumor inhibition by perturbing mitochondrial homeostasis. The introduction of responsive calcium sources that would, in turn, trigger intratumoral calcification mediated by perturbing mitochondrial homeostasis would be an effective regulatory strategy for tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University Qufu Shandong 273165 China
| | - Xinquan Yu
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou Zhejiang 310022 China
| | - Weiheng Kong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University Qufu Shandong 273165 China
| | - Rong-Mei Kong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University Qufu Shandong 273165 China
| | - Ensheng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University Qufu Shandong 273165 China
| | - Lian Xia
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University Qufu Shandong 273165 China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan Jinan Shandong 250022 China
| | - Fengli Qu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University Qufu Shandong 273165 China
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou Zhejiang 310022 China
| | - Weihong Tan
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou Zhejiang 310022 China
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18
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Cheng H, Perkins GA, Ju S, Kim K, Ellisman MH, Pamenter ME. Enhanced mitochondrial buffering prevents Ca 2+ overload in naked mole-rat brain. J Physiol 2023:10.1113/JP285002. [PMID: 37668020 PMCID: PMC10912373 DOI: 10.1113/jp285002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Deleterious Ca2+ accumulation is central to hypoxic cell death in the brain of most mammals. Conversely, hypoxia-mediated increases in cytosolic Ca2+ are retarded in hypoxia-tolerant naked mole-rat brain. We hypothesized that naked mole-rat brain mitochondria have an enhanced capacity to buffer exogenous Ca2+ and examined Ca2+ handling in naked mole-rat cortical tissue. We report that naked mole-rat brain mitochondria buffer >2-fold more exogenous Ca2+ than mouse brain mitochondria, and that the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50 ) at which Ca2+ inhibits aerobic oxidative phosphorylation is >2-fold higher in naked mole-rat brain. The primary driving force of Ca2+ uptake is the mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm ), and the IC50 at which Ca2+ decreases Δψm is ∼4-fold higher in naked mole-rat than mouse brain. The ability of naked mole-rat brain mitochondria to safely retain large volumes of Ca2+ may be due to ultrastructural differences that support the uptake and physical storage of Ca2+ in mitochondria. Specifically, and relative to mouse brain, naked mole-rat brain mitochondria are larger and have higher crista density and increased physical interactions between adjacent mitochondrial membranes, all of which are associated with improved energetic homeostasis and Ca2+ management. We propose that excessive Ca2+ influx into naked mole-rat brain is buffered by physical storage in large mitochondria, which would reduce deleterious Ca2+ overload and may thus contribute to the hypoxia and ischaemia-tolerance of naked mole-rat brain. KEY POINTS: Unregulated Ca2+ influx is a hallmark of hypoxic brain death; however, hypoxia-mediated Ca2+ influx into naked mole-rat brain is markedly reduced relative to mice. This is important because naked mole-rat brain is robustly tolerant against in vitro hypoxia, and because Ca2+ is a key driver of hypoxic cell death in brain. We show that in hypoxic naked mole-rat brain, oxidative capacity and mitochondrial membrane integrity are better preserved following exogenous Ca2+ stress. This is due to mitochondrial buffering of exogenous Ca2+ and is driven by a mitochondrial membrane potential-dependant mechanism. The unique ultrastructure of naked mole-rat brain mitochondria, as a large physical storage space, may support increased Ca2+ buffering and thus hypoxia-tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Cheng
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Guy A Perkins
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Saeyeon Ju
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Keunyoung Kim
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Mark H Ellisman
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California at San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Matthew E Pamenter
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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19
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Liu J, Lu W, Yan D, Guo J, Zhou L, Shi B, Su X. Mitochondrial respiratory complex I deficiency inhibits brown adipogenesis by limiting heme regulation of histone demethylation. Mitochondrion 2023; 72:22-32. [PMID: 37451354 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2023.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial functions play a crucial role in determining the metabolic and thermogenic status of brown adipocytes. Increasing evidence reveals that the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system plays an important role in brown adipogenesis, but the mechanistic insights are limited. Herein, we explored the potential metabolic mechanisms leading to OXPHOS regulation of brown adipogenesis in pharmacological and genetic models of mitochondrial respiratory complex I deficiency. OXPHOS deficiency inhibits brown adipogenesis through disruption of the brown adipogenic transcription circuit without affecting ATP levels. Neither blockage of calcium signaling nor antioxidant treatment can rescue the suppressed brown adipogenesis. Metabolomics analysis revealed a decrease in levels of tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates and heme. Heme supplementation specifically enhances respiratory complex I activity without affecting complex II and partially reverses the inhibited brown adipogenesis by OXPHOS deficiency. Moreover, the regulation of brown adipogenesis by the OXPHOS-heme axis may be due to the suppressed histone methylation status by increasing histone demethylation. In summary, our findings identified a heme-sensing retrograde signaling pathway that connects mitochondrial OXPHOS to the regulation of brown adipocyte differentiation and metabolic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wen Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Dongyue Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Junyuan Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Bimin Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Xiong Su
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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20
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Nie T, Lu J, Zhang H, Mao L. Latest advances in the regulatory genes of adipocyte thermogenesis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1250487. [PMID: 37680891 PMCID: PMC10482227 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1250487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
An energy imbalance cause obesity: more energy intake or less energy expenditure, or both. Obesity could be the origin of many metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. UCP1 (uncoupling protein1), which is highly and exclusively expressed in the thermogenic adipocytes, including beige and brown adipocytes, can dissipate proton motive force into heat without producing ATP to increase energy expenditure. It is an attractive strategy to combat obesity and its related metabolic disorders by increasing non-shivering adipocyte thermogenesis. Adipocyte thermogenesis has recently been reported to be regulated by several new genes. This work provided novel and potential targets to activate adipocyte thermogenesis and resist obesity, such as secreted proteins ADISSP and EMC10, enzyme SSU72, etc. In this review, we have summarized the latest research on adipocyte thermogenesis regulation to shed more light on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Nie
- School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Jinli Lu
- Scientific Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Medical Iconography, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liufeng Mao
- Scientific Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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21
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Bagon BB, Lee J, Matienzo ME, Lee SJ, Pak SW, Kim K, Lee J, Lee CM, Shin IS, Moon C, Park MJ, Kim DI. Cold-induced adaptive thermogenesis is impaired by exposure of Asian sand dust in mice. J Therm Biol 2023; 116:103675. [PMID: 37517326 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2023.103675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Desertification and desert sandstorms caused by the worsening global warming pose increasing risks to human health. In particular, Asian sand dust (ASD) exposure has been related to an increase in mortality and hospital admissions for respiratory diseases. In this study, we investigated the effects of ASD on metabolic tissues in comparison to diesel particulate matter (DPM) that is known to cause adverse health effects. We found that larger lipid droplets were accumulated in the brown adipose tissues (BAT) of ASD-administered but not DPM-administered mice. Thermogenic gene expression was decreased in these mice as well. When ASD-administered mice were exposed to the cold, they failed to maintain their body temperature, suggesting that the ASD administration had led to impairments in cold-induced adaptive thermogenesis. However, impaired thermogenesis was not observed in DPM-administered mice. Furthermore, mice fed a high-fat diet that were chronically administered ASD demonstrated unexplained weight loss, indicating that chronic administration of ASD could be lethal in obese mice. We further identified that ASD-induced lung inflammation was not exacerbated in uncoupling protein 1 knockout mice, whose thermogenic capacity is impaired. Collectively, ASD exposure can impair cold-induced adaptive thermogenic responses in mice and increase the risk of mortality in obese mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette B Bagon
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Junhyeong Lee
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea; College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Merc Emil Matienzo
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea; College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Se-Jin Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea; Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - So-Won Pak
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea; Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Keon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea; Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Jeongmin Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea; Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Chang-Min Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea; Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - In-Sik Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea; Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Changjong Moon
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea; Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Min-Jung Park
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea.
| | - Dong-Il Kim
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea; College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea.
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22
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Li F, Zhang F, Yi X, Quan LL, Yang X, Yin C, Ma Z, Wu R, Zhao W, Ling M, Lang L, Hussein A, Feng S, Fu Y, Wang J, Liang S, Zhu C, Wang L, Zhu X, Gao P, Xi Q, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Shu G, Jiang Q, Wang S. Proline hydroxylase 2 (PHD2) promotes brown adipose thermogenesis by enhancing the hydroxylation of UCP1. Mol Metab 2023; 73:101747. [PMID: 37279828 PMCID: PMC10293773 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays a crucial role in regulating non-shivering thermogenesis under cold exposure. Proline hydroxylases (PHDs) were found to be involved in adipocyte differentiation and lipid deposition. However, the effects of PHDs on regulatory mechanisms of BAT thermogenesis are not fully understood. METHODS We detected the expression of PHDs in different adipose tissues by using immunoblotting and real-time PCR. Further, immunoblotting, real-time PCR, and immunostaining were performed to determine the correlation between proline hydroxylase 2 (PHD2) and UCP1 expression. Inhibitor of PHDs and PHD2-sgRNA viruses were used to construct the PHD2-deficiency model in vivo and in vitro to investigate the impacts of PHD2 on BAT thermogenesis. Afterward, the interaction between UCP1 and PHD2 and the hydroxylation modification level of UCP1 were verified by Co-IP assays and immunoblotting. Finally, the effect of specific proline hydroxylation on the expression/activity of UCP1 was further confirmed by site-directed mutation of UCP1 and mass spectrometry analysis. RESULTS PHD2, but not PHD1 and PHD3, was highly enriched in BAT, colocalized, and positively correlated with UCP1. Inhibition or knockdown of PHD2 significantly suppressed BAT thermogenesis under cold exposure and aggravated obesity of mice fed HFD. Mechanistically, mitochondrial PHD2 bound to UCP1 and regulated the hydroxylation level of UCP1, which was enhanced by thermogenic activation and attenuated by PHD2 knockdown. Furthermore, PHD2-dependent hydroxylation of UCP1 promoted the expression and stability of UCP1 protein. Mutation of the specific prolines (Pro-33, 133, and 232) in UCP1 significantly mitigated the PHD2-elevated UCP1 hydroxylation level and reversed the PHD2-increased UCP1 stability. CONCLUSIONS This study suggested an important role for PHD2 in BAT thermogenesis regulation by enhancing the hydroxylation of UCP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Fenglin Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Xin Yi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Lu Lu Quan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Xiaohua Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Cong Yin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Zewei Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Ruifan Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Weijie Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Mingfa Ling
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Limin Lang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Abdelaziz Hussein
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Shengchun Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Yiming Fu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Junfeng Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Shuyi Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Canjun Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Lina Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Xiaotong Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Ping Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Qianyun Xi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Yongliang Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Gang Shu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Qingyan Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.
| | - Songbo Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Yunfu Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Wen's Foodstuffs Group Co., Ltd, Yunfu 527400, PR China.
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23
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Maalouf J, Pelletier A, Corona A, Gay-Quéheillard J, Bach V, de Seze R, Selmaoui B. Dose- and Time-Dependent Effects of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field on Adipose Tissue: Implications of Thermoregulation and Mitochondrial Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10628. [PMID: 37445806 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shed light on the effects of low-intensity radiofrequency (RF) fields on thermoregulation and adipose tissue metabolism. The present study aims to further explore these effects by analyzing the expression of thermoregulatory genes and investigating the involvement of mitochondria in adipose tissue metabolism. Male mice (n = 36 C57BL/6J) were assigned to either exposed or control groups. The exposed groups were subjected to RF fields at 900 MHz, with specific absorption rates (SAR) of 0.1 W/kg or 0.4 W/kg, either for three or seven consecutive days. The findings indicate that RF exposure leads to changes in adipose tissue markers, with some effects being dose-dependent and time-dependent. In brown adipose tissue (BAT), after 3 days of RF exposure, thermogenesis is reduced, mitochondrial activity in BAT decreases, and an increase in gene expression, responsible for balancing the regulatory and damaging effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS), was observed. This effect was partially compensated after 7 days of exposure. In white adipose tissue (WAT), RF exposure results in reduced fatty acid oxidation, impaired energy production, and hindered adipocyte differentiation. Notably, no effects of RF on mitochondrial biogenesis in WAT were observed. These findings contribute to understanding the effects of RF exposure on adipose tissue metabolism and thermoregulation, highlighting dose-dependent and time-dependent responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Maalouf
- PériTox-Périnatalité et Risques Toxiques-UMR_I 01, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, CURS-UPJV, University of Picardy Jules Verne, CEDEX 1, 80054 Amiens, France
- Department of Experimental Toxicology and Modeling (TEAM), Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Amandine Pelletier
- PériTox-Périnatalité et Risques Toxiques-UMR_I 01, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, CURS-UPJV, University of Picardy Jules Verne, CEDEX 1, 80054 Amiens, France
| | - Aurélie Corona
- PériTox-Périnatalité et Risques Toxiques-UMR_I 01, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, CURS-UPJV, University of Picardy Jules Verne, CEDEX 1, 80054 Amiens, France
| | - Jérôme Gay-Quéheillard
- PériTox-Périnatalité et Risques Toxiques-UMR_I 01, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, CURS-UPJV, University of Picardy Jules Verne, CEDEX 1, 80054 Amiens, France
| | - Véronique Bach
- PériTox-Périnatalité et Risques Toxiques-UMR_I 01, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, CURS-UPJV, University of Picardy Jules Verne, CEDEX 1, 80054 Amiens, France
| | - René de Seze
- PériTox-Périnatalité et Risques Toxiques-UMR_I 01, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, CURS-UPJV, University of Picardy Jules Verne, CEDEX 1, 80054 Amiens, France
- Department of Experimental Toxicology and Modeling (TEAM), Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Brahim Selmaoui
- PériTox-Périnatalité et Risques Toxiques-UMR_I 01, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, CURS-UPJV, University of Picardy Jules Verne, CEDEX 1, 80054 Amiens, France
- Department of Experimental Toxicology and Modeling (TEAM), Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
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24
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Park A, Kim KE, Park I, Lee SH, Park KY, Jung M, Li X, Sleiman MB, Lee SJ, Kim DS, Kim J, Lim DS, Woo EJ, Lee EW, Han BS, Oh KJ, Lee SC, Auwerx J, Mun JY, Rhee HW, Kim WK, Bae KH, Suh JM. Mitochondrial matrix protein LETMD1 maintains thermogenic capacity of brown adipose tissue in male mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3746. [PMID: 37353518 PMCID: PMC10290150 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39106-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) has abundant mitochondria with the unique capability of generating heat via uncoupled respiration. Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) is activated in BAT during cold stress and dissipates mitochondrial proton motive force generated by the electron transport chain to generate heat. However, other mitochondrial factors required for brown adipocyte respiration and thermogenesis under cold stress are largely unknown. Here, we show LETM1 domain-containing protein 1 (LETMD1) is a BAT-enriched and cold-induced protein required for cold-stimulated respiration and thermogenesis of BAT. Proximity labeling studies reveal that LETMD1 is a mitochondrial matrix protein. Letmd1 knockout male mice display aberrant BAT mitochondria and fail to carry out adaptive thermogenesis under cold stress. Letmd1 knockout BAT is deficient in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complex proteins and has impaired mitochondrial respiration. In addition, BAT-specific Letmd1 deficient mice exhibit phenotypes identical to those observed in Letmd1 knockout mice. Collectively, we demonstrate that the BAT-enriched mitochondrial matrix protein LETMD1 plays a tissue-autonomous role that is essential for BAT mitochondrial function and thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Park
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Eun Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Isaac Park
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Heon Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun-Young Park
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyo Jung
- Neural Circuit Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, 41068, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaoxu Li
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maroun Bou Sleiman
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Su Jeong Lee
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Soo Kim
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Digital Biotech Innovation Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehoon Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Sik Lim
- National Creative Research Center for Cell Plasticity, KAIST Stem Cell Center, Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Jeon Woo
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Woo Lee
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Baek Soo Han
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Biodefense Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Jin Oh
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Chul Lee
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ji Young Mun
- Neural Circuit Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, 41068, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Rhee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Kon Kim
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kwang-Hee Bae
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
| | - Jae Myoung Suh
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Som R, Fink BD, Yu L, Sivitz WI. Oxaloacetate regulates complex II respiration in brown fat: dependence on UCP1 expression. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 324:C1236-C1248. [PMID: 37125774 PMCID: PMC10243537 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00565.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
We previously found that skeletal muscle mitochondria incubated at low membrane potential (ΔΨ) or interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) mitochondria, wherein ΔΨ is intrinsically low, accumulate oxaloacetate (OAA) in amounts sufficient to inhibit complex II respiration. We proposed a mechanism wherein low ΔΨ reduces reverse electron transport (RET) to complex I causing a low NADH/NAD+ ratio favoring malate conversion to OAA. To further assess the mechanism and its physiologic relevance, we carried out studies of mice with inherently different levels of IBAT mitochondrial inner membrane potential. Isolated complex II (succinate)-energized IBAT mitochondria from obesity-resistant 129SVE mice compared with obesity-prone C57BL/6J displayed greater UCP1 expression, similar O2 flux despite lower ΔΨ, similar OAA concentrations, and similar NADH/NAD+. When GDP was added to inhibit UCP1, 129SVE IBAT mitochondria, despite their lower ΔΨ, exhibited much lower respiration, twofold greater OAA concentrations, much lower RET (as marked by ROS), and much lower NADH and NADH/NAD+ ratios compared with the C57BL/6J IBAT mitochondria. UCP1 knock-out abolished OAA accumulation by succinate-energized mitochondria associated with markedly greater ΔΨ, ROS, and NADH, but equal or greater O2 flux compared with WT mitochondria. GDP addition, compared with no GDP, increased ΔΨ and complex II respiration in wild-type (WT) mice associated with much less OAA. Respiration on complex I substrates followed the more classical dynamics of greater respiration at lower ΔΨ. These findings support the abovementioned mechanism for OAA- and ΔΨ-dependent complex II respiration and support its physiological relevance.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We examined mitochondrial respiration initiated at mitochondrial complex II in mice with varying degrees of brown adipose tissue UCP1 expression. We show that, by affecting inner membrane potential, UCP1 expression determines reverse electron transport from complex II to complex I and, consequently, the NADH/NAD+ ratio. Accordingly, this regulates the level of oxaloacetate accumulation and the extent of oxaloacetate inhibition of complex II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Som
- Department of Internal Medicine/Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Iowa and the Iowa City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa, United States
| | - Brian D Fink
- Department of Internal Medicine/Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Iowa and the Iowa City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa, United States
| | - Liping Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States
- Carver College of Medicine NMR Core Facility, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States
| | - William I Sivitz
- Department of Internal Medicine/Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Iowa and the Iowa City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa, United States
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26
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Xiao F, Jiang H, Li Z, Jiang X, Chen S, Niu Y, Yin H, Shu Y, Peng B, Lu W, Li X, Li Z, Lan S, Xu X, Guo F. Reduced hepatic bradykinin degradation accounts for cold-induced BAT thermogenesis and WAT browning in male mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2523. [PMID: 37130842 PMCID: PMC10154316 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38141-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
An important role for liver in the regulation of adipose tissue thermogenesis upon cold exposure has been suggested; however, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely defined. Here, we identify elevated serum bradykinin levels in response to acute cold exposure in male mice. A bolus of anti-bradykinin antibodies reduces body temperature during acute cold exposure, whereas bradykinin has the opposite effect. We demonstrate that bradykinin induces brown adipose tissue thermogenesis and white adipose tissue browning, and bradykinin increases uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression in adipose tissue. The bradykinin B2 receptor (B2R), adrenergic signaling and nitric oxide signaling are involved in regulating bradykinin-increased UCP1 expression. Moreover, acute cold exposure inhibits hepatic prolyl endopeptidase (PREP) activity, causing reduced liver bradykinin degradation and increased serum bradykinin levels. Finally, by blocking the breakdown of bradykinin, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) increase serum bradykinin levels and induce brown adipose tissue thermogenesis and white adipose tissue browning via B2R. Collectively, our data provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying organ crosstalk in whole-body physiology control during cold exposure and also suggest bradykinin as a possible anti-obesity target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xiao
- Zhongshan Hospital, Institute for Translational Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haizhou Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zi Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxue Jiang
- Zhongshan Hospital, Institute for Translational Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanghai Chen
- Zhongshan Hospital, Institute for Translational Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuguo Niu
- Zhongshan Hospital, Institute for Translational Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanrui Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yousheng Shu
- Zhongshan Hospital, Institute for Translational Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Zhongshan Hospital, Institute for Translational Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Zhongshan Hospital, Institute for Translational Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoying Li
- Zhongshan Hospital, Institute for Translational Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhigang Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shujue Lan
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- Core Facility Center, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Feifan Guo
- Zhongshan Hospital, Institute for Translational Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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27
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Zhou W, VanDuyne P, Zhang C, Liu Y, Riessen R, Barragan M, Rowitz BM, Teran-Garcia M, Boppart SA, Anakk S. Pathological bile acid concentrations in chronic cholestasis cause adipose mitochondrial defects. JHEP Rep 2023; 5:100714. [PMID: 37122689 PMCID: PMC10133756 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2023.100714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims Although fat loss is observed in patients with cholestasis, how chronically elevated bile acids (BAs) impact white and brown fat depots remains obscure. Methods To determine the direct effect of pathological levels of BAs on lipid accumulation and mitochondrial function, primary white and brown adipocyte cultures along with fat depots from two separate mouse models of cholestatic liver diseases, namely (i) genetic deletion of farnesoid X receptor (Fxr); small heterodimer (Shp) double knockout (DKO) and (ii) injury by 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC), were used. Results As expected, cholestatic mice accumulate high systemic BA levels and exhibit fat loss. Here, we demonstrate that chronic exposure to pathological BA levels results in mitochondrial dysfunction and defective thermogenesis. Consistently, both DKO and DDC-fed mice exhibit lower body temperature. Importantly, thermoneutral (30 °C) housing of the cholestatic DKO mice rescues the decrease in brown fat mass, and the expression of genes responsible for lipogenesis and regulation of mitochondrial function. To overcome systemic effects, primary adipocyte cultures were treated with pathological BA concentrations. Mitochondrial permeability and respiration analysis revealed that BA overload is sufficient to reduce mitochondrial function in primary adipocytes, which is not as a result of cytotoxicity. Instead, we found robust reductions in uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1), PR domain containing 16 (Prdm16), and deiodinase, iodothyronine, type II (Dio2) transcripts in brown adipocytes upon treatment with chenodeoxycholic acid, whereas taurocholic acid led to the suppression of Dio2 transcript. This BA-mediated decrease in transcripts was alleviated by pharmacological activation of UCP1. Conclusions High concentrations of BAs cause defective thermogenesis by reducing the expression of crucial regulators of mitochondrial function, including UCP1, which may explain the clinical features of hypothermia and fat loss observed in patients with cholestatic liver diseases. Impact and Implications We uncover a detrimental effect of chronic bile acid overload on adipose mitochondrial function. Pathological concentration of different BAs reduces the expression of distinct genes involved in energy expenditure, which can be mitigated with pharmacological UCP1 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weinan Zhou
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Philip VanDuyne
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Chi Zhang
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Yushan Liu
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Ryan Riessen
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Maribel Barragan
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Blair M. Rowitz
- Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, IL, USA
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Margarita Teran-Garcia
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Stephen A. Boppart
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Sayeepriyadarshini Anakk
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Corresponding author. Address: Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. Tel.: +1 217 300 7905; fax: +1 217 244 5858.
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28
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Abstract
Traditional views of cellular metabolism imply that it is passively adapted to meet the demands of the cell. It is becoming increasingly clear, however, that metabolites do more than simply supply the substrates for biological processes; they also provide critical signals, either through effects on metabolic pathways or via modulation of other regulatory proteins. Recent investigation has also uncovered novel roles for several metabolites that expand their signalling influence to processes outside metabolism, including nutrient sensing and storage, embryonic development, cell survival and differentiation, and immune activation and cytokine secretion. Together, these studies suggest that, in contrast to the prevailing notion, the biochemistry of a cell is frequently governed by its underlying metabolism rather than vice versa. This important shift in perspective places common metabolites as key regulators of cell phenotype and behaviour. Yet the signalling metabolites, and the cognate targets and transducers through which they signal, are only beginning to be uncovered. In this Review, we discuss the emerging links between metabolism and cellular behaviour. We hope this will inspire further dissection of the mechanisms through which metabolic pathways and intermediates modulate cell function and will suggest possible drug targets for diseases linked to metabolic deregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jared Rutter
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
- Diabetes & Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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29
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Warfel JD, Elks CM, Bayless DS, Vandanmagsar B, Stone AC, Velasquez SE, Olivares-Nazar P, Noland RC, Ghosh S, Zhang J, Mynatt RL. Rats lacking Ucp1 present a novel translational tool for the investigation of thermogenic adaptation during cold challenge. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2023; 238:e13935. [PMID: 36650072 PMCID: PMC11318575 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
AIM Valuable studies have tested the role of UCP1 on body temperature maintenance in mice, and we sought to knockout Ucp1 in rats (Ucp1-/- ) to provide insight into thermogenic mechanisms in larger mammals. METHODS We used CRISPR/Cas9 technology to create Ucp1-/- rats. Body weight and adiposity were measured, and rats were subjected to indirect calorimetry. Rats were maintained at room temperature or exposed to 4°C for either 24 h or 14 days. Analyses of brown and white adipose tissue and skeletal muscle were conducted via histology, western blot comparison of oxidative phosphorylation proteins, and qPCR to compare mitochondrial DNA levels and mRNA expression profiles. RNA-seq was performed in skeletal muscle. RESULTS Ucp1-/- rats withstood 4°C for 14 days, but core temperature steadily declined. All rats lost body weight after 14 days at 4°C, but controls increased food intake more robustly than Ucp1-/- rats. Brown adipose tissue showed signs of decreased activity in Ucp1-/- rats, while mitochondrial lipid metabolism markers in white adipose tissue and skeletal muscle were increased. Ucp1-/- rats displayed more visible shivering and energy expenditure than controls at 4°C. Skeletal muscle transcriptomics showed more differences between genotypes at 23°C than at 4°C. CONCLUSION Room temperature presented sufficient cold stress to rats lacking UCP1 to activate compensatory thermogenic mechanisms in skeletal muscle, which were only activated in control rats following exposure to 4°C. These results provide novel insight into thermogenic responses to UCP1 deficiency; and highlight Ucp1-/- rats as an attractive translational model for the study of thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaycob D. Warfel
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Carrie M. Elks
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - David S. Bayless
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Bolormaa Vandanmagsar
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Allison C. Stone
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Samuel E. Velasquez
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Paola Olivares-Nazar
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Robert C. Noland
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Sujoy Ghosh
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
- Computational Biology and Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jingying Zhang
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Randall L. Mynatt
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
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30
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Oflaz FE, Koshenov Z, Hirtl M, Bachkoenig OA, Graier WF, Gottschalk B. Synergy of Uncoupling Proteins (1 and 2) with Mitochondrial Ca2+ Uptake Machinery Potentiate Mitochondrial Uncoupling. Cell Calcium 2023; 112:102736. [PMID: 37031662 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2023.102736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial uncoupling proteins UCP1 and UCP2 have a structural homology of app. 60%. They execute their mitochondria uncoupling function through different molecular mechanisms. Non-shivering thermogenesis by UCP1 is mediated through a transmembrane dissipation of the proton motive force to create heat during sympathetic stimulation. UCP2, on the other hand, modulates through the interaction with methylated MICU1 the permeability of the cristae junction, which acts as an isolator for the cristae-located mitochondrial membrane potential. In this mini-review, we discuss and compare the recently described molecular mechanism of UCP1 in brown adipose tissue and UCP2 in aged and cancer non-excitable cells that contribute to mitochondrial uncoupling, and the synergistic effects of both UCPs with the mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furkan E Oflaz
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center: Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/4, Graz, 8010 Austria
| | - Zhanat Koshenov
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center: Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/4, Graz, 8010 Austria
| | - Martin Hirtl
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center: Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/4, Graz, 8010 Austria
| | - Olaf A Bachkoenig
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center: Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/4, Graz, 8010 Austria
| | - Wolfgang F Graier
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center: Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/4, Graz, 8010 Austria; BioTechMed, Graz, Austria.
| | - Benjamin Gottschalk
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center: Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/4, Graz, 8010 Austria
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31
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Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) displays the unique capacity to generate heat through uncoupled oxidative phosphorylation that makes it a very attractive therapeutic target for cardiometabolic diseases. Here, we review BAT cellular metabolism, its regulation by the central nervous and endocrine systems and circulating metabolites, the plausible roles of this tissue in human thermoregulation, energy balance, and cardiometabolic disorders, and the current knowledge on its pharmacological stimulation in humans. The current definition and measurement of BAT in human studies relies almost exclusively on BAT glucose uptake from positron emission tomography with 18F-fluorodeoxiglucose, which can be dissociated from BAT thermogenic activity, as for example in insulin-resistant states. The most important energy substrate for BAT thermogenesis is its intracellular fatty acid content mobilized from sympathetic stimulation of intracellular triglyceride lipolysis. This lipolytic BAT response is intertwined with that of white adipose (WAT) and other metabolic tissues, and cannot be independently stimulated with the drugs tested thus far. BAT is an interesting and biologically plausible target that has yet to be fully and selectively activated to increase the body's thermogenic response and shift energy balance. The field of human BAT research is in need of methods able to directly, specifically, and reliably measure BAT thermogenic capacity while also tracking the related thermogenic responses in WAT and other tissues. Until this is achieved, uncertainty will remain about the role played by this fascinating tissue in human cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- André C Carpentier
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Denis P Blondin
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | | | - Denis Richard
- Centre de recherche de l’Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, G1V 4G5, Canada
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32
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Jastroch M. Novel UCP1 knockout models broaden our understanding of mammalian non-shivering thermogenesis. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2023; 238:e13956. [PMID: 36867076 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Jastroch
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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33
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Gou W, Wei H, Swaby L, Green E, Wang H. Deletion of Spinophilin Promotes White Adipocyte Browning. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:91. [PMID: 36678589 PMCID: PMC9864510 DOI: 10.3390/ph16010091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) is suggested as a promising therapeutic approach to induce energy expenditure and counteract obesity and its associated complications. Systemic depletion of spinophilin (SPL) increases metabolism and improves energy balance in mice. In this study, we explored the mechanistic insight of SPL action in WAT browning. Gene expression and mitochondria tracker staining showed that visceral white adipose tissue (vWAT) harvested from SPL KO mice had a higher expression of classic browning-related genes, including uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), Cell death inducing DFFA like effector A (CIDEA) and PR domain containing 16 (PRDM16), as well as a higher mtDNA level compared to vWAT from wild type (WT) control mice. When adipogenesis was induced in pre-adipocytes harvested from KO and WT mice ex vivo using the PPAR-γ agonist rosiglitazone (Rosi), SPL KO cells showed increased browning marker gene expression and mitochondria function compared to cells from WT mice. Increased PPAR-γ protein expression and nucleus retention in vWAT from SPL KO mice after Rosi treatment were also observed. The effect of SPL on vWAT browning was further confirmed in vivo when WT and KO mice were treated with Rosi. As a result, SPL KO mice lost body weight, which was associated with increased expression of browning maker genes in vWAT. In summary, our data demonstrate the critical role of SPL in the regulation of WAT browning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Gou
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Hua Wei
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Lindsay Swaby
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Erica Green
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Hongjun Wang
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
- Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29401, USA
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34
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Chang JS. Recent insights into the molecular mechanisms of simultaneous fatty acid oxidation and synthesis in brown adipocytes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1106544. [PMID: 36896177 PMCID: PMC9989468 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1106544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Brown adipocytes is a specialized fat cell that dissipates nutrient-derived chemical energy in the form of heat, instead of ATP synthesis. This unique feature provides a marked capacity for brown adipocyte mitochondria to oxidize substrates independent of ADP availability. Upon cold exposure, brown adipocytes preferentially oxidize free fatty acids (FFA) liberated from triacylglycerol (TAG) in lipid droplets to support thermogenesis. In addition, brown adipocytes take up large amounts of circulating glucose, concurrently increasing glycolysis and de novo FA synthesis from glucose. Given that FA oxidation and glucose-derived FA synthesis are two antagonistic mitochondrial processes in the same cell, it has long been questioned how brown adipocytes run FA oxidation and FA synthesis simultaneously. In this review, I summarize mechanisms regulating mitochondrial substrate selection and describe recent findings of two distinct populations of brown adipocyte mitochondria with different substrate preferences. I further discuss how these mechanisms may permit a concurrent increase in glycolysis, FA synthesis, and FA oxidation in brown adipocytes.
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35
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Nicholls DG, Brand MD. A critical assessment of the role of creatine in brown adipose tissue thermogenesis. Nat Metab 2023; 5:21-28. [PMID: 36624158 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-022-00718-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue is specialized for non-shivering thermogenesis, combining lipolysis with an extremely active mitochondrial electron transport chain and a unique regulated uncoupling protein, UCP1, allowing unrestricted respiration. Current excitement focuses on the presence of brown adipose tissue in humans and the possibility that it may contribute to diet-induced thermogenesis, countering obesity and obesity-related disease as well as protecting cardio-metabolic health. In common with other tissues displaying a high, variable respiration, the tissue possesses a creatine pool and mitochondrial and cytosolic creatine kinase isoforms. Genetic and pharmacological manipulation of these components have pleiotropic effects that appear to influence diet- and cold-induced metabolism in vivo and modeled in vitro. These findings have been used to advance the concept of a UCP1-independent diet-induced thermogenic mechanism based on a dissipative hydrolysis of phosphocreatine in beige and brown adipose tissue. Here we review the in vivo and in vitro experimental basis for this hypothesis, and explore alternative explanations. We conclude that there is currently no convincing evidence for a significant futile creatine cycle in these tissues.
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36
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Wang J, Wu Q, Zhou Y, Yu L, Yu L, Deng Y, Tu C, Li W. The mechanisms underlying olanzapine-induced insulin resistance via the brown adipose tissue and the therapy in rats. Adipocyte 2022; 11:84-98. [PMID: 35067163 PMCID: PMC8786323 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2022.2026590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A rapid increase has been observed in insulin resistance (IR) incidence induced by a long-term olanzapine treatment with no better ways to avoid it. Our study aimed to demonstrate the mechanism underlying the olanzapine-induced insulin resistance and find appropriate drug interventions. In this study, firstly, we constructed rat insulin resistance model using a two-month gavage of olanzapine and used the main active ingredient mixture of Gegen Qinlian Decoction for the treatment. The activity of brown adipose tissue (BAT) was measured using the PET/CT scan, whereas Western blot and quantitative real-time PCR were used to detect the expression of GLUT4 and UCP1. The results showed that the long-term administration of olanzapine impaired glucose tolerance and produced insulin resistance in rats, while Gegen Qinlian Decoction could improve this side effect. The results of the PET/CT scan showed that the BAT activity in the insulin-resistant rats was significantly lower than that of the Gegen Qinlian Decoction treated rats. Also, the expression of GLUT4 and UCP1 in the insulin resistance group showed a significant decrease, which could be up-regulated by Gegen Qinliane Decoction treatment. The results of both in vivo and in vitro experiments were consistent. we demonstrated that the olanzapine could induce IR in vitro and in vivo by decreasing the expression of UCP1; thus, suppressing the thermogenesis of BAT and impairing glucose uptake. More importantly, we demonstrated a possible novel strategy to improve the olanzapine-induced IR by Gegen Qinlian Decoction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan Xirui Pharmaceutical Technology Co Ltd, Wuhan, China
| | - Liangyu Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lixiu Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yahui Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuyue Tu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weiyong Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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37
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Xiao H, Bozi LHM, Sun Y, Riley CL, Philip VM, Chen M, Li J, Zhang T, Mills EL, Emont MP, Sun W, Reddy A, Garrity R, Long J, Becher T, Vitas LP, Laznik-Bogoslavski D, Ordonez M, Liu X, Chen X, Wang Y, Liu W, Tran N, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Cypess AM, White AP, He Y, Deng R, Schöder H, Paulo JA, Jedrychowski MP, Banks AS, Tseng YH, Cohen P, Tsai LT, Rosen ED, Klein S, Chondronikola M, McAllister FE, Van Bruggen N, Huttlin EL, Spiegelman BM, Churchill GA, Gygi SP, Chouchani ET. Architecture of the outbred brown fat proteome defines regulators of metabolic physiology. Cell 2022; 185:4654-4673.e28. [PMID: 36334589 PMCID: PMC10040263 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) regulates metabolic physiology. However, nearly all mechanistic studies of BAT protein function occur in a single inbred mouse strain, which has limited the understanding of generalizable mechanisms of BAT regulation over physiology. Here, we perform deep quantitative proteomics of BAT across a cohort of 163 genetically defined diversity outbred mice, a model that parallels the genetic and phenotypic variation found in humans. We leverage this diversity to define the functional architecture of the outbred BAT proteome, comprising 10,479 proteins. We assign co-operative functions to 2,578 proteins, enabling systematic discovery of regulators of BAT. We also identify 638 proteins that correlate with protection from, or sensitivity to, at least one parameter of metabolic disease. We use these findings to uncover SFXN5, LETMD1, and ATP1A2 as modulators of BAT thermogenesis or adiposity, and provide OPABAT as a resource for understanding the conserved mechanisms of BAT regulation over metabolic physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haopeng Xiao
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Luiz H M Bozi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yizhi Sun
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Christopher L Riley
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Mandy Chen
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | - Jiaming Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Tian Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Evanna L Mills
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Margo P Emont
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Wenfei Sun
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, CA 94305, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, CA 94305, USA
| | - Anita Reddy
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ryan Garrity
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jiani Long
- College of Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Tobias Becher
- Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Laura Potano Vitas
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Martha Ordonez
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xinyue Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xiong Chen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
| | - Weihai Liu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Nhien Tran
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Yitong Liu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Yang Zhang
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Aaron M Cypess
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Andrew P White
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Yuchen He
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Rebecca Deng
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Heiko Schöder
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Joao A Paulo
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mark P Jedrychowski
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alexander S Banks
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Yu-Hua Tseng
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Paul Cohen
- Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Linus T Tsai
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Evan D Rosen
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Samuel Klein
- Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | | | | | | | - Edward L Huttlin
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Bruce M Spiegelman
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Steven P Gygi
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Edward T Chouchani
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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AlZaim I, Eid AH, Abd-Elrahman KS, El-Yazbi AF. Adipose Tissue Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Cardiometabolic Diseases: On the Search for Novel Molecular Targets. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 206:115337. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Jung I, Tu-Sekine B, Jin S, Anokye-Danso F, Ahima RS, Brown TT, Kim SF. Dolutegravir Suppresses Thermogenesis via Disrupting Uncoupling Protein 1 Expression and Mitochondrial Function in Brown/Beige Adipocytes in Preclinical Models. J Infect Dis 2022; 226:1626-1636. [PMID: 35512127 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiac175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antiretroviral therapy (ART) containing integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) has been associated with weight gain in both ART initiation and switch studies, especially in women, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. METHODS The effects of dolutegravir (DTG) on food intake, energy expenditure, oxygen consumption in female mice, and gene expression from adipose tissues were assessed. Human and murine preadipocytes were treated with DTG either during differentiation into mature brown/beige adipocytes or postdifferentiation. Lipid accumulation, lipolysis, β-adrenergic response, adipogenic markers, mitochondrial respiration, and insulin response were analyzed. RESULTS Two-week administration of DTG to female mice reduced energy expenditure, which was accompanied by decreased uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression in brown/beige adipose tissues. In vitro studies showed that DTG significantly reduced brown adipogenic markers, especially UCP1 in brown and beige adipocytes, whereas drugs from other classes did not. Furthermore, a loss of UCP1 by DTG led to a decrease in mitochondrial complex IV component, followed by a reduction in mitochondrial respiratory capacity and reduced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that DTG targets UCP1 and mitochondrial functions in brown and beige adipocytes and disrupts thermogenic functions in preclinical models, providing the potential mechanisms by which DTG suppresses energy expenditure leading to weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- IkRak Jung
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Becky Tu-Sekine
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sunghee Jin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Frederick Anokye-Danso
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Rexford S Ahima
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Todd T Brown
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sangwon F Kim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Rahbani JF, Scholtes C, Lagarde DM, Hussain MF, Roesler A, Dykstra CB, Bunk J, Samborska B, O'Brien SL, Tripp E, Pacis A, Angueira AR, Johansen OS, Cinkornpumin J, Hossain I, Lynes MD, Zhang Y, White AP, Pastor WA, Chondronikola M, Sidossis L, Klein S, Kralli A, Cypess AM, Pedersen SB, Jessen N, Tseng YH, Gerhart-Hines Z, Seale P, Calebiro D, Giguère V, Kazak L. ADRA1A-Gα q signalling potentiates adipocyte thermogenesis through CKB and TNAP. Nat Metab 2022; 4:1459-1473. [PMID: 36344764 PMCID: PMC9684074 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-022-00667-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Noradrenaline (NA) regulates cold-stimulated adipocyte thermogenesis1. Aside from cAMP signalling downstream of β-adrenergic receptor activation, how NA promotes thermogenic output is still not fully understood. Here, we show that coordinated α1-adrenergic receptor (AR) and β3-AR signalling induces the expression of thermogenic genes of the futile creatine cycle2,3, and that early B cell factors, oestrogen-related receptors and PGC1α are required for this response in vivo. NA triggers physical and functional coupling between the α1-AR subtype (ADRA1A) and Gαq to promote adipocyte thermogenesis in a manner that is dependent on the effector proteins of the futile creatine cycle, creatine kinase B and tissue-non-specific alkaline phosphatase. Combined Gαq and Gαs signalling selectively in adipocytes promotes a continual rise in whole-body energy expenditure, and creatine kinase B is required for this effect. Thus, the ADRA1A-Gαq-futile creatine cycle axis is a key regulator of facultative and adaptive thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janane F Rahbani
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Charlotte Scholtes
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Damien M Lagarde
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mohammed F Hussain
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anna Roesler
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Christien B Dykstra
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jakub Bunk
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bozena Samborska
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Shannon L O'Brien
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Emma Tripp
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Alain Pacis
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anthony R Angueira
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Olivia S Johansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Ishtiaque Hossain
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Matthew D Lynes
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME, USA
| | - Yang Zhang
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew P White
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - William A Pastor
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maria Chondronikola
- Department of Nutrition and Radiology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Labros Sidossis
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, School of Arts and Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Samuel Klein
- Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Science, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Anastasia Kralli
- Department of Physiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Aaron M Cypess
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Steen B Pedersen
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Niels Jessen
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Aarhus N, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Yu-Hua Tseng
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zachary Gerhart-Hines
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Patrick Seale
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Davide Calebiro
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Vincent Giguère
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lawrence Kazak
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Liao FH, Yao CN, Chen SP, Wu TH, Lin SY. Transdermal Delivery of Succinate Accelerates Energy Dissipation of Brown Adipocytes to Reduce Remote Fat Accumulation. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:4299-4310. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Hsuean Liao
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road,
Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Nien Yao
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road,
Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ping Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road,
Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
| | - Te-Haw Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road,
Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yi Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road,
Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
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Dose-Dependent Effect of Melatonin on BAT Thermogenesis in Zücker Diabetic Fatty Rat: Future Clinical Implications for Obesity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091646. [PMID: 36139720 PMCID: PMC9495691 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental data have revealed that melatonin at high doses reduced obesity and improved metabolic outcomes in experimental models of obesity, mainly by enhancing brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis. A potential dose-response relationship has yet to be performed to translate these promising findings into potential clinical therapy. This study aimed to assess the effects of different doses of melatonin on interscapular BAT (iBAT) thermogenic capacity in Zücker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats. At 6 wk of age, male ZDF rats were divided into four groups (n = 4 per group): control and those treated with different doses of melatonin (0.1, 1, and 10 mg/kg of body weight) in their drinking water for 6 wk. Body weight (BW) was significantly decreased at doses of 1 and 10 mg/kg of melatonin, but not at 0.1 mg/kg compared with the control, with a similar rate of BW decrease being reached at the dose of 1 mg/kg (by ~11%) and 10 mg/kg (by ~12%). This effect was associated with a dose-dependent increase in the thermal response to the baseline condition or acute cold challenge in the interscapular area measurable by infrared thermography, with the highest thermal response being recorded at the 10 mg/kg dose. Upon histology, melatonin treatment markedly restored the typical brownish appearance of the tissue and promoted a shift in size distribution toward smaller adipocytes in a dose-dependent fashion, with the most pronounced brownish phenotype being observed at 10 mg/kg of melatonin. As a hallmark of thermogenesis, the protein level of uncoupled protein 1 (UCP1) from immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis increased significantly and dose-dependently at all three doses of melatonin, reaching the highest level at the dose of 10 mg/kg. Likewise, all three doses of melatonin modulated iBAT mitochondrial dynamics by increasing protein expression of the optic atrophy protein type 1 (OPA1) fusion marker and decreasing that of the dynamin-related protein1 (DRP1) fission marker, again dose-dependently, with the highest and lowest expression levels, respectively, being reached at the 10 mg/kg dose. These findings highlight for the first time the relevance of the dose-dependency of melatonin toward BW control and BAT thermogenic activation, which may have potential therapeutic implications for the treatment of obesity. To clinically apply the potential therapeutic of melatonin for obesity, we consider that the effective animal doses that should be extrapolated to obese individuals may be within the dose range of 1 to 10 mg/kg.
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Yin Y, Shen H. Common methods in mitochondrial research (Review). Int J Mol Med 2022; 50:126. [PMID: 36004457 PMCID: PMC9448300 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2022.5182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yiyuan Yin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Haitao Shen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
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44
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Song R, Du Y, Li P, Zhou L, Zheng H, Lu X, Wang S, Ma W, Zhang H, Li X. Deletion of Letmd1 leads to the disruption of mitochondrial function in brown adipose tissue. Biochimie 2022; 201:100-115. [PMID: 35817133 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
Human cervical cancer oncogene (HCCR-1), also named as LETMD1, is an LETM-domain containing outer mitochondrial membrane protein which plays an important role in carcinogenesis. The present study found that the loss of Letmd1 in mice led to severe abnormities, such as brown adipose tissue (BAT) whitening, impaired thermogenesis of both BAT and beige fat, cold intolerance, diet-induced obesity, glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Mechanically, the deletion of Letmd1 in BAT caused decreased level of both mitochondrial and intracellular Ca2+. The reduced intracellular Ca2+ could suppress the fission of mitochondria and ultimately lead to the disruption of BAT thermogenesis by regulating mitochondrial structures and functions. This study indicates that LETMD1 played a crucial role in BAT thermogenesis and energy homeostasis through regulating mitochondrial structures and functions, which provides a novel insight into therapeutic target exploration from oncogenes for metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runjie Song
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yaqi Du
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lijun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Han Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaohui Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shenghong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wenqiang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiangdong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Department of Reproduction and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland; Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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Fung CW, Zhou S, Zhu H, Wei X, Wu Z, Wu AR. Cell fate determining molecular switches and signaling pathways in Pax7-expressing somitic mesoderm. Cell Discov 2022; 8:61. [PMID: 35764624 PMCID: PMC9240041 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-022-00407-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
During development, different cell types originate from a common progenitor at well-defined time points. Previous lineage-tracing of Pax7+ progenitors from the somitic mesoderm has established its developmental trajectory towards the dermis, brown adipocytes, and skeletal muscle in the dorsal trunk; yet the molecular switches and mechanisms guiding the differentiation into different lineages remain unknown. We performed lineage-tracing of Pax7-expressing cells in mouse embryos at E9.5 and profiled the transcriptomes of Pax7-progenies on E12.5, E14.5, and E16.5 at single-cell level. Analysis of single-cell transcriptomic data at multiple time points showed temporal-specific differentiation events toward muscle, dermis, and brown adipocyte, identified marker genes for putative progenitors and revealed transcription factors that could drive lineage-specific differentiation. We then utilized a combination of surface markers identified in the single-cell data, Pdgfra, Thy1, and Cd36, to enrich brown adipocytes, dermal fibroblasts, and progenitors specific for these two cell types at E14.5 and E16.5. These enriched cell populations were then used for further culture and functional assays in vitro, in which Wnt5a and Rgcc are shown to be important factors that could alter lineage decisions during embryogenesis. Notably, we found a bipotent progenitor population at E14.5, having lineage potentials towards both dermal fibroblasts and brown adipocytes. They were termed eFAPs (embryonic fibro/adipogenic progenitors) as they functionally resemble adult fibro/adipogenic progenitors. Overall, this study provides further understanding of the Pax7 lineage during embryonic development using a combination of lineage tracing with temporally sampled single-cell transcriptomics.
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Bauzá-Thorbrügge M, Banke E, Chanclón B, Peris E, Wu Y, Musovic S, Jönsson C, Strålfors P, Rorsman P, Olofsson CS, Asterholm IW. Adipocyte-specific ablation of the Ca 2+ pump SERCA2 impairs whole-body metabolic function and reveals the diverse metabolic flexibility of white and brown adipose tissue. Mol Metab 2022; 63:101535. [PMID: 35760318 PMCID: PMC9287368 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) transports Ca2+ from the cytosol into the ER and is essential for appropriate regulation of intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that SERCA pumps are involved in the regulation of white adipocyte hormone secretion and other aspects of adipose tissue function and that this control is disturbed in obesity-induced type-2 diabetes. METHODS SERCA expression was measured in isolated human and mouse adipocytes as well as in whole mouse adipose tissue by Western blot and RT-qPCR. To test the significance of SERCA2 in adipocyte functionality and whole-body metabolism, we generated adipocyte-specific SERCA2 knockout mice. The mice were metabolically phenotyped by glucose tolerance and tracer studies, histological analyses, measurements of glucose-stimulated insulin release in isolated islets, and gene/protein expression analyses. We also tested the effect of pharmacological SERCA inhibition and genetic SERCA2 ablation in cultured adipocytes. Intracellular and mitochondrial Ca2+ levels were recorded with dual-wavelength ratio imaging and mitochondrial function was assessed by Seahorse technology. RESULTS We demonstrate that SERCA2 is downregulated in white adipocytes from patients with obesity and type-2 diabetes as well as in adipocytes from diet-induced obese mice. SERCA2-ablated adipocytes display disturbed Ca2+ homeostasis associated with upregulated ER stress markers and impaired hormone release. These adipocyte alterations are linked to mild lipodystrophy, reduced adiponectin levels, and impaired glucose tolerance. Interestingly, adipocyte-specific SERCA2 ablation leads to increased glucose uptake in white adipose tissue while glucose uptake is reduced in brown adipose tissue. This dichotomous effect on glucose uptake is due to differently regulated mitochondrial function. In white adipocytes, SERCA2 deficiency triggers an adaptive increase in FGF21, increased mitochondrial UCP1 levels, and increased oxygen consumption rate (OCR). In contrast, brown SERCA2 null adipocytes display reduced OCR despite increased mitochondrial content and UCP1 levels compared to wild type controls. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest causal links between reduced white adipocyte SERCA2 levels, deranged adipocyte Ca2+ homeostasis, adipose tissue dysfunction and type-2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Bauzá-Thorbrügge
- Department of Physiology/Metabolic Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 11, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
| | - Elin Banke
- Department of Physiology/Metabolic Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 11, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
| | - Belén Chanclón
- Department of Physiology/Metabolic Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 11, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
| | - Eduard Peris
- Department of Physiology/Metabolic Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 11, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
| | - Yanling Wu
- Department of Physiology/Metabolic Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 11, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
| | - Saliha Musovic
- Department of Physiology/Metabolic Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 11, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
| | - Cecilia Jönsson
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, SE-58185 Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Peter Strålfors
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, SE-58185 Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Patrik Rorsman
- Department of Physiology/Metabolic Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 11, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden; Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX4 7LE, UK.
| | - Charlotta S Olofsson
- Department of Physiology/Metabolic Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 11, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
| | - Ingrid Wernstedt Asterholm
- Department of Physiology/Metabolic Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 11, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
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47
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Why succinate? Physiological regulation by a mitochondrial coenzyme Q sentinel. Nat Chem Biol 2022; 18:461-469. [PMID: 35484255 PMCID: PMC9150600 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-022-01004-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Metabolites once considered solely in catabolism or anabolism turn out to have key regulatory functions. Among these, the citric acid cycle intermediate succinate stands out owing to its multiple roles in disparate pathways, its dramatic concentration changes and its selective cell release. Here we propose that succinate has evolved as a signaling modality because its concentration reflects the coenzyme Q (CoQ) pool redox state, a central redox couple confined to the mitochondrial inner membrane. This connection is of general importance because CoQ redox state integrates three bioenergetic parameters: mitochondrial electron supply, oxygen tension and ATP demand. Succinate, by equilibrating with the CoQ pool, enables the status of this central bioenergetic parameter to be communicated from mitochondria to the rest of the cell, into the circulation and to other cells. The logic of this form of regulation explains many emerging roles of succinate in biology, and suggests future research questions.
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48
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Oeckl J, Janovska P, Adamcova K, Bardova K, Brunner S, Dieckmann S, Ecker J, Fromme T, Funda J, Gantert T, Giansanti P, Hidrobo MS, Kuda O, Kuster B, Li Y, Pohl R, Schmitt S, Schweizer S, Zischka H, Zouhar P, Kopecky J, Klingenspor M. Loss of UCP1 function augments recruitment of futile lipid cycling for thermogenesis in murine brown fat. Mol Metab 2022; 61:101499. [PMID: 35470094 PMCID: PMC9097615 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Josef Oeckl
- Chair for Molecular Nutritional Medicine, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany; EKFZ - Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Nutritional Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany; ZIEL Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Petra Janovska
- Laboratory of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Adamcova
- Laboratory of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Republic
| | - Kristina Bardova
- Laboratory of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Republic
| | - Sarah Brunner
- Chair for Molecular Nutritional Medicine, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany; EKFZ - Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Nutritional Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany; ZIEL Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Sebastian Dieckmann
- Chair for Molecular Nutritional Medicine, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany; EKFZ - Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Nutritional Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany; ZIEL Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Josef Ecker
- ZIEL Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Tobias Fromme
- Chair for Molecular Nutritional Medicine, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany; EKFZ - Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Nutritional Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany; ZIEL Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Jiri Funda
- Laboratory of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Republic
| | - Thomas Gantert
- Chair for Molecular Nutritional Medicine, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany; EKFZ - Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Nutritional Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany; ZIEL Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Piero Giansanti
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany; Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Maria Soledad Hidrobo
- Chair for Molecular Nutritional Medicine, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany; EKFZ - Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Nutritional Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany; ZIEL Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Ondrej Kuda
- Laboratory of Metabolism of Bioactive Lipids, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Republic
| | - Bernhard Kuster
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany; Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Yongguo Li
- Chair for Molecular Nutritional Medicine, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany; EKFZ - Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Nutritional Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany; ZIEL Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Radek Pohl
- NMR spectroscopy, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Republic
| | - Sabine Schmitt
- Institute of Toxicology and Environmental Hygiene, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sabine Schweizer
- Chair for Molecular Nutritional Medicine, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany; EKFZ - Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Nutritional Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany; ZIEL Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Hans Zischka
- Institute of Toxicology and Environmental Hygiene, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Petr Zouhar
- Laboratory of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kopecky
- Laboratory of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Republic.
| | - Martin Klingenspor
- Chair for Molecular Nutritional Medicine, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany; EKFZ - Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Nutritional Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany; ZIEL Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany.
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49
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Gao Y, Shabalina IG, Braz GRF, Cannon B, Yang G, Nedergaard J. Establishing the potency of N-acyl amino acids versus conventional fatty acids as thermogenic uncouplers in cells and mitochondria from different tissues. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2022; 1863:148542. [PMID: 35192808 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2022.148542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The possibility that N-acyl amino acids could function as brown or brite/beige adipose tissue-derived lipokines that could induce UCP1-independent thermogenesis by uncoupling mitochondrial respiration in several peripheral tissues is of significant physiological interest. To quantify the potency of N-acyl amino acids versus conventional fatty acids as thermogenic inducers, we have examined the affinity and efficacy of two pairs of such compounds: oleate versus N-oleoyl-leucine and arachidonate versus N-arachidonoyl-glycine in cells and mitochondria from different tissues. We found that in cultures of the muscle-derived L6 cell line, as well as in primary cultures of murine white, brite/beige and brown adipocytes, the N-acyl amino acids were proficient uncouplers but that they did not systematically display higher affinity or potency than the conventional fatty acids, and they were not as efficient uncouplers as classical protonophores (FCCP). Higher concentrations of the N-acyl amino acids (as well as of conventional fatty acids) were associated with signs of deleterious effects on the cells. In liver mitochondria, we found that the N-acyl amino acids uncoupled similarly to conventional fatty acids, thus apparently via activation of the adenine nucleotide transporter-2. In brown adipose tissue mitochondria, the N-acyl amino acids were able to activate UCP1, again similarly to conventional fatty acids. We thus conclude that the formation of the acyl-amino acid derivatives does not confer upon the corresponding fatty acids an enhanced ability to induce thermogenesis in peripheral tissues, and it is therefore unlikely that the N-acyl amino acids are of specific physiological relevance as UCP1-independent thermogenic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China; The Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Irina G Shabalina
- The Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - G Ruda F Braz
- The Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Barbara Cannon
- The Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gongshe Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Jan Nedergaard
- The Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
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50
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Xia W, Qiu J, Peng Y, Snyder MM, Gu L, Huang K, Luo N, Yue F, Kuang S. Chchd10 is dispensable for myogenesis but critical for adipose browning. CELL REGENERATION (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 11:14. [PMID: 35362877 PMCID: PMC8975916 DOI: 10.1186/s13619-022-00111-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The Chchd10 gene encodes a coiled-coil-helix-coiled-coil-helix-domain containing protein predicted to function in the mitochondrion and nucleus. Mutations of Chchd10 are associated with ALS, dementia and myopathy in humans and animal models, but how knockout of Chchd10 (Chchd10KO) affects various tissues especially skeletal muscle and adipose tissues remains unclear. Here we show that Chchd10 expression increases as myoblasts and preadipocytes differentiate. During myogenesis, CHCHD10 interacts with TAR DNA binding protein 43 (TDP-43) in regenerating myofibers in vivo and in newly differentiated myotubes ex vivo. Surprisingly, Chchd10KO mice had normal skeletal muscle development, growth and regeneration, with moderate defects in grip strength and motor performance. Chchd10KO similarly had no effects on development of brown and white adipose tissues (WAT). However, Chchd10KO mice had blunted response to acute cold and attenuated cold-induced browning of WAT, with markedly reduced UCP1 levels. Together, these results demonstrate that Chchd10 is dispensable for normal myogenesis and adipogenesis but is required for normal motility and cold-induced, mitochondrion-dependent browning of adipocytes. The data also suggest that human CHCHD10 mutations cause myopathy through a gain-of-function mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071000, China. .,Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA. .,College of Animal and Veterinary Science, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Jiamin Qiu
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Ying Peng
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Madigan M Snyder
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Lijie Gu
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.,College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Kuilong Huang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Nanjian Luo
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Feng Yue
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Shihuan Kuang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
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