1
|
Qadri S, Maia ACRG, Ali HEA, Alarabi AB, Alshbool FZ, Khasawneh FT. Sex-Dependent Occlusive Cardiovascular Disease Effects of Short-Term Thirdhand Smoke Exposure. Nicotine Tob Res 2024; 26:1225-1233. [PMID: 38520288 PMCID: PMC11339167 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntae061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Thirdhand smoke (THS) is associated with many public health and disease concerns, such as respiratory illness, cancer, lipidemia, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). We have previously shown that a moderate to long-term exposure to THS increases the risk of thrombosis. However, whether short-term exposure to THS would produce any effects remains to be discovered. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of 1-month THS exposure on platelet function, in vivo and in vitro, and on cytokine response, in a sex-dependent manner. AIMS AND METHODS Secondhand smoke or clean air (CA) exposed upholstery materials for 1 week were kept in cages housed with 5-6 mice, and the procedure was repeated for 4 weeks. These THS-exposed mice were evaluated for thrombogenesis and platelet function assays. In addition, cytokines expression was evaluated from pooled serum. RESULTS Compared to the CA group, THS exposure significantly shortened the tail bleeding time and carotid artery thrombus formation. Moreover, the female mice appeared more sensitive to THS exposure than males. Furthermore, platelet aggregation, dense granule secretion, and P-selectin activation markers were significantly elevated due to THS exposure. In addition, high-throughput screening showed at least 30 cytokines differentially modulated by THS in females relative to 26 in male mice. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these results demonstrate that 1 month of THS exposure represents a high health risk, in part, by triggering a prothrombotic phenotype that appears to be more significant in females, who are at a much higher risk for occlusive CVD. Additionally, changes in cytokine levels mediate some of the THS-induced occlusive effects. IMPLICATIONS This study revealed that THS exposure for 1 month is detrimental to the cardiovascular health of both sexes; however, females could be more aggressively affected than males. In addition, interleukins and chemokines could be critical factors for initiating prothrombotic activity due to THS exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahnaz Qadri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX, USA
| | - Ana Carolina R G Maia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX, USA
| | - Hamdy E A Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX, USA
| | - Ahmed B Alarabi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX, USA
| | - Fatima Z Alshbool
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX, USA
| | - Fadi T Khasawneh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dorweiler TF, Singh A, Ganju A, Lydic TA, Glazer LC, Kolesnick RN, Busik JV. Diabetic retinopathy is a ceramidopathy reversible by anti-ceramide immunotherapy. Cell Metab 2024; 36:1521-1533.e5. [PMID: 38718792 PMCID: PMC11222062 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy is a microvascular disease that causes blindness. Using acid sphingomyelinase knockout mice, we reported that ceramide generation is critical for diabetic retinopathy development. Here, in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy, we identify vitreous ceramide imbalance with pathologic long-chain C16-ceramides increasing and protective very long-chain C26-ceramides decreasing. C16-ceramides generate pro-inflammatory/pro-apoptotic ceramide-rich platforms on endothelial surfaces. To geo-localize ceramide-rich platforms, we invented a three-dimensional confocal assay and showed that retinopathy-producing cytokines TNFα and IL-1β induce ceramide-rich platform formation on retinal endothelial cells within seconds, with volumes increasing 2-logs, yielding apoptotic death. Anti-ceramide antibodies abolish these events. Furthermore, intravitreal and systemic anti-ceramide antibodies protect from diabetic retinopathy in standardized rodent ischemia reperfusion and streptozotocin models. These data support (1) retinal endothelial ceramide as a diabetic retinopathy treatment target, (2) early-stage therapy of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy to prevent progression, and (3) systemic diabetic retinopathy treatment; and they characterize diabetic retinopathy as a "ceramidopathy" reversible by anti-ceramide immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tim F Dorweiler
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02113, USA
| | - Arjun Singh
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute New York, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Aditya Ganju
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute New York, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Todd A Lydic
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Louis C Glazer
- Vitreo-Retinal Associates, Grand Rapids, MI 49546, USA; Ophthalmology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Richard N Kolesnick
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute New York, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Julia V Busik
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Biochemistry and Physiology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wilkerson JL, Tatum SM, Holland WL, Summers SA. Ceramides are fuel gauges on the drive to cardiometabolic disease. Physiol Rev 2024; 104:1061-1119. [PMID: 38300524 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00008.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Ceramides are signals of fatty acid excess that accumulate when a cell's energetic needs have been met and its nutrient storage has reached capacity. As these sphingolipids accrue, they alter the metabolism and survival of cells throughout the body including in the heart, liver, blood vessels, skeletal muscle, brain, and kidney. These ceramide actions elicit the tissue dysfunction that underlies cardiometabolic diseases such as diabetes, coronary artery disease, metabolic-associated steatohepatitis, and heart failure. Here, we review the biosynthesis and degradation pathways that maintain ceramide levels in normal physiology and discuss how the loss of ceramide homeostasis drives cardiometabolic pathologies. We highlight signaling nodes that sense small changes in ceramides and in turn reprogram cellular metabolism and stimulate apoptosis. Finally, we evaluate the emerging therapeutic utility of these unique lipids as biomarkers that forecast disease risk and as targets of ceramide-lowering interventions that ameliorate disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L Wilkerson
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| | - Sean M Tatum
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| | - William L Holland
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| | - Scott A Summers
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Morita SY. Phospholipid biomarkers of coronary heart disease. J Pharm Health Care Sci 2024; 10:23. [PMID: 38734675 PMCID: PMC11088770 DOI: 10.1186/s40780-024-00344-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Coronary heart disease, also known as ischemic heart disease, is induced by atherosclerosis, which is initiated by subendothelial retention of lipoproteins. Plasma lipoproteins, including high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein (LDL), very low density lipoprotein, and chylomicron, are composed of a surface monolayer containing phospholipids and cholesterol and a hydrophobic core containing triglycerides and cholesteryl esters. Phospholipids play a crucial role in the binding of apolipoproteins and enzymes to lipoprotein surfaces, thereby regulating lipoprotein metabolism. High LDL-cholesterol is a well-known risk factor for coronary heart disease, and statins reduce the risk of coronary heart disease by lowering LDL-cholesterol levels. In contrast, the relationships of phospholipids in plasma lipoproteins with coronary heart disease have not yet been established. To further clarify the physiological and pathological roles of phospholipids, we have developed the simple high-throughput assays for quantifying all major phospholipid classes, namely phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylglycerol + cardiolipin, and sphingomyelin, using combinations of specific enzymes and a fluorogenic probe. These enzymatic fluorometric assays will be helpful in elucidating the associations between phospholipid classes in plasma lipoproteins and coronary heart disease and in identifying phospholipid biomarkers. This review describes recent progress in the identification of phospholipid biomarkers of coronary heart disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ya Morita
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liang H, Li F, Zhang L, Li L, Guo B. Ceramides and pro-inflammatory cytokines for the prediction of acute coronary syndrome: a multi-marker approach. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2024; 24:47. [PMID: 38218768 PMCID: PMC10788003 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03690-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a growing body of evidence supporting the significant involvement of both ceramides and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the occurrence and progression of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). METHODS This study encompassed 216 participants whose laboratory variables were analysed using standardised procedures. Parameters included baseline serum lipid markers, comprising total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglycerides (TGs), lipoprotein(a) (LPa), fasting blood glucose, B-natriuretic peptide and hypersensitive C-reactive protein. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry measured the concentrations of plasma ceramides. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay quantified tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL6) and IL8. The correlation between ceramides and inflammatory factors was determined through Pearson's correlation coefficient. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and multivariate logistic regression evaluated the diagnostic potential of models incorporating traditional risk factors, ceramides and pro-inflammatory cytokines in ACS detection. RESULTS Among the 216 participants, 138 (63.89%) were diagnosed with ACS. Univariate logistic regression analysis identified significant independent predictors of ACS, including age, gender, history of diabetes, smoking history, TGs, TNF-α, IL-6, ceramide (d18:1/16:0), ceramide (d18:1/18:0), ceramide (d18:1/24:0), ceramide (d18:1/20:0) and ceramide (d18:1/22:0). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed significant associations between gender, diabetes mellitus history, smoking history, LPa, IL-6, ceramide (d18:1/16:0) and ACS. Receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated that model 4, which integrated traditional risk factors, IL-6 and ceramide (d18:1/16:0), achieved the highest area under the curve (AUC) of 0.827 (95% CI 0.770-0.884), compared with model 3 (traditional risk factors and ceramide [d18:1/16:0]) with an AUC of 0.782 (95% CI 0.720-0.845) and model 2 (traditional risk factors and IL-6), with an AUC of 0.785 (95% CI 0.723-0.846) in ACS detection. CONCLUSIONS In summary, incorporating the simultaneous measurement of traditional risk factors, pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 and ceramide (d18:1/16:0) can improve the diagnostic accuracy of ACS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huiqing Liang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China
| | - Fangjiang Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Lin Li
- Beijing Health Biotech Co. Ltd, Beijing, 102200, China
| | - Bingyan Guo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, No 361 Zhongshan East Road, Changan District, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China.
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Heping West Road No. 215, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Molinar-Inglis O, DiCarlo AL, Lapinskas PJ, Rios CI, Satyamitra MM, Silverman TA, Winters TA, Cassatt DR. Radiation-induced multi-organ injury. Int J Radiat Biol 2024; 100:486-504. [PMID: 38166195 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2295298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Natural history studies have been informative in dissecting radiation injury, isolating its effects, and compartmentalizing injury based on the extent of exposure and the elapsed time post-irradiation. Although radiation injury models are useful for investigating the mechanism of action in isolated subsyndromes and development of medical countermeasures (MCMs), it is clear that ionizing radiation exposure leads to multi-organ injury (MOI). METHODS The Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program within the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases partnered with the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority to convene a virtual two-day meeting titled 'Radiation-Induced Multi-Organ Injury' on June 7-8, 2022. Invited subject matter experts presented their research findings in MOI, including study of mechanisms and possible MCMs to address complex radiation-induced injuries. RESULTS This workshop report summarizes key information from each presentation and discussion by the speakers and audience participants. CONCLUSIONS Understanding the mechanisms that lead to radiation-induced MOI is critical to advancing candidate MCMs that could mitigate the injury and reduce associated morbidity and mortality. The observation that some of these mechanisms associated with MOI include systemic injuries, such as inflammation and vascular damage, suggests that MCMs that address systemic pathways could be effective against multiple organ systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Molinar-Inglis
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Andrea L DiCarlo
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Paula J Lapinskas
- Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA), Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response (ASPR), Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), Washington, DC, USA
| | - Carmen I Rios
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Merriline M Satyamitra
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Toby A Silverman
- Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA), Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response (ASPR), Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), Washington, DC, USA
| | - Thomas A Winters
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, USA
| | - David R Cassatt
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Franco M, Cano-Martínez A, Ramos-Godínez MDP, López-Marure R, Donis-Maturano L, Sosa JS, Bautista-Pérez R. Immunolocalization of Sphingolipid Catabolism Enzymes along the Nephron: Novel Early Urinary Biomarkers of Renal Damage. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16633. [PMID: 38068956 PMCID: PMC10706607 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate whether the activity of enzymes involved in sphingolipid catabolism could be biomarkers to predict early renal damage in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats and Angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced hypertension rats. Diabetic and hypertensive rats had no changes in plasma creatinine concentration. However, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis showed slight ultrastructural changes in the glomeruli and tubular epithelial cells from diabetic and hypertensive rats. Our results show that the acid sphingomyelinase (aSMase) and neutral sphingomyelinase (nSMase) activity increased in the urine of diabetic rats and decreased in hypertensive rats. Only neutral ceramidase (nCDase) activity increased in the urine of diabetic rats. Furthermore, the immunofluorescence demonstrated positive staining for the nSMase, nCDase, and sphingosine kinase (SphK1) in glomerular mesangial cells, proximal tubule, ascending thin limb of the loop of Henle, thick ascending limb of Henle's loop, and principal cells of the collecting duct in the kidney. In conclusion, our results suggest that aSMase and nCDase activity in urine could be a novel predictor of early slight ultrastructural changes in the nephron, aSMase and nCDase as glomerular injury biomarkers, and nSMase as a tubular injury biomarker in diabetic and hypertensive rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martha Franco
- Department of Cardio-Renal Pathophysiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (M.F.)
| | - Agustina Cano-Martínez
- Department of Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (A.C.-M.); (R.L.-M.)
| | | | - Rebeca López-Marure
- Department of Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (A.C.-M.); (R.L.-M.)
| | - Luis Donis-Maturano
- Faculty of Higher Studies Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 54090, Mexico;
| | - José Santamaría Sosa
- Department of Cardio-Renal Pathophysiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (M.F.)
| | - Rocio Bautista-Pérez
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Meade R, Chao Y, Harroun N, Li C, Hafezi S, Hsu FF, Semenkovich CF, Zayed MA. Ceramides in peripheral arterial plaque lead to endothelial cell dysfunction. JVS Vasc Sci 2023; 4:100181. [PMID: 38077163 PMCID: PMC10704331 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvssci.2023.100181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Peripheral arterial atheroprogression is increasingly prevalent, and is a risk factor for major limb amputations in individuals with risk factors such as diabetes. We previously demonstrated that bioactive lipids are significantly altered in arterial tissue of individuals with diabetes and advanced peripheral arterial disease. Methods Here we evaluated whether sphingolipid ceramide 18:1/16:0 (C16) is a cellular regulator in endothelial cells and peripheral tibial arterial tissue in individuals with diabetes. Results We observed that C16 is the single most elevated ceramide in peripheral arterial tissue from below the knee in individuals with diabetes (11% increase, P < .05). C16 content in tibial arterial tissue positively correlates with sphingomyelin (SPM) content in patients with and without diabetes (r2 = 0.5, P < .005; r2 = 0.17, P < .05; respectively). Tibial arteries of individuals with diabetes demonstrated no difference in CERS6 expression (encoding ceramide synthase 6; the predominate ceramide synthesis enzyme), but higher SMPD expression (encoding sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase that catalyzes ceramide synthesis from sphingomyelins; P < .05). SMPD4, but not SMPD2, was particularly elevated in maximally diseased (Max) tibial arterial segments (P < .05). In vitro, exogenous C16 caused endothelial cells (HUVECs) to have decreased proliferation (P < .03), increased apoptosis (P < .003), and decreased autophagy (P < .008). Selective knockdown of SMPD2 and SMPD4 decreased native production of C16 (P < .01 and P < .001, respectively), but only knockdown of SMPD4 rescued cellular proliferation (P < .005) following exogenous supplementation with C16. Conclusions Our findings suggest that C16 is a tissue biomarker for peripheral arterial disease severity in the setting of diabetes, and can impact endothelial cell viability and function. Clinical relevance Peripheral arterial disease and its end-stage manifestation known as chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) represent ongoing prevalent and intricate medical challenges. Individuals with diabetes have a heightened risk of developing CLTI and experiencing its complications, including wounds, ulcers, and major amputations. In the present study, we conducted a comprehensive examination of the molecular lipid composition within arterial segments from individuals with CLTI, and with and without diabetes. Our investigations unveiled a striking revelation: the sphingolipid ceramide 18:1/16:0 emerged as the predominant ceramide species that was significantly elevated in the peripheral arterial intima below the knee in patients with diabetes. Moreover, this heightened ceramide presence is associated with a marked impairment of endothelial cell function and viability. Additionally, our study revealed a concurrent elevation in the expression of sphingomyelin phosphodiesterases, enzymes responsible for catalyzing ceramide synthesis from sphingomyelins, within maximally diseased arterial segments. These findings underscore the pivotal role of ceramides and their biosynthesis enzymes in the context of CLTI, offering new insights into potential therapeutic avenues for managing this challenging disease process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Meade
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Yang Chao
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Nikolai Harroun
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Chenglong Li
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Shahab Hafezi
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Fong-Fu Hsu
- Division of Endocrinology, Lipid, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Clay F. Semenkovich
- Division of Endocrinology, Lipid, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Mohamed A. Zayed
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Surgery, Veterans Affairs St. Louis Health Care System, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, McKelvey School of Engineering, St. Louis, MO
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fenizia S, Gaggini M, Vassalle C. The Sphingolipid-Signaling Pathway as a Modulator of Infection by SARS-CoV-2. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:7956-7973. [PMID: 37886946 PMCID: PMC10605018 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45100503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Ceramides and other related sphingolipids, important cellular components linked to metabolic homeostasis and cardiometabolic diseases, have been found to be involved in different steps of the SARS-CoV-2 life cycle. Hence, changes in their physiological levels are identified as predictors of COVID-19 severity and prognosis, as well as potential therapeutic targets. In this review, an overview of the SARS-CoV-2 life cycle is given, followed by a description of the sphingolipid metabolism and its role in viral infection, with a particular focus on those steps required to finalize the viral life cycle. Furthermore, the use and development of pharmaceutical strategies to target sphingolipids to prevent and treat severe and long-term symptoms of infectious diseases, particularly COVID-19, are reviewed herein. Finally, research perspectives and current challenges in this research field are highlighted. Although many aspects of sphingolipid metabolism are not fully known, this review aims to highlight how the discovery and use of molecules targeting sphingolipids with reliable and selective properties may offer new therapeutic alternatives to infectious and other diseases, including COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Fenizia
- Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica, Italian National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Melania Gaggini
- Fondazione CNR-Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Cristina Vassalle
- Fondazione CNR-Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mizutani Y, Nawashiro K, Ohdake R, Tatebe H, Shima S, Ueda A, Yoshimoto J, Ito M, Tokuda T, Mutoh T, Watanabe H. Enzymatic properties and clinical associations of serum alpha-galactosidase A in Parkinson's disease. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2023; 10:1662-1672. [PMID: 37496179 PMCID: PMC10502655 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent studies have revealed an association between Parkinson's disease (PD) and Fabry disease, a lysosomal storage disorder; however, the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the enzymatic properties of serum alpha-galactosidase A (GLA) and compared them with the clinical parameters of PD. METHODS The study participants consisted of 66 sporadic PD patients and 52 controls. We measured serum GLA activity and calculated the apparent Michaelis constant (Km ) and maximal velocity (Vmax ) by Lineweaver-Burk plot analysis. Serum GLA protein concentration was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We examined the potential correlations between serum GLA activity and GLA protein concentration and clinical features and the plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL) level. RESULTS Compared to controls, PD patients showed significantly lower serum GLA activity (P < 0.0001) and apparent Vmax (P = 0.0131), but no change in the apparent Km value. Serum GLA protein concentration was lower in the PD group (P = 0.0168) and was positively associated with GLA activity. Serum GLA activity and GLA protein concentration in the PD group showed a negative correlation with age. Additionally, serum GLA activity was negatively correlated with the motor severity score and the level of plasma NfL, and was positively correlated with the score of frontal assessment battery. INTERPRETATION This study highlights that the lower serum GLA activity in PD is the result of a quantitative decrement of GLA protein in the serum and that it may serve as a biomarker of disease severity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuaki Mizutani
- Department of NeurologyFujita Health University School of MedicineToyoakeAichiJapan
| | | | - Reiko Ohdake
- Department of NeurologyFujita Health University School of MedicineToyoakeAichiJapan
| | - Harutsugu Tatebe
- Department of Functional Brain ImagingInstitute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and TechnologyChibaJapan
| | - Sayuri Shima
- Department of NeurologyFujita Health University School of MedicineToyoakeAichiJapan
| | - Akihiro Ueda
- Department of NeurologyFujita Health University School of MedicineToyoakeAichiJapan
| | - Junichiro Yoshimoto
- Department of Biomedical Data ScienceFujita Health University School of MedicineToyoakeAichiJapan
| | - Mizuki Ito
- Department of NeurologyFujita Health University School of MedicineToyoakeAichiJapan
| | - Takahiko Tokuda
- Department of Functional Brain ImagingInstitute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and TechnologyChibaJapan
| | - Tatsuro Mutoh
- Department of NeurologyFujita Health University School of MedicineToyoakeAichiJapan
- Fujita Health University Central Japan International Airport ClinicTokonameAichiJapan
| | - Hirohisa Watanabe
- Department of NeurologyFujita Health University School of MedicineToyoakeAichiJapan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Uruski P, Matuszewska J, Leśniewska A, Rychlewski D, Niklas A, Mikuła-Pietrasik J, Tykarski A, Książek K. An integrative review of nonobvious puzzles of cellular and molecular cardiooncology. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2023; 28:44. [PMID: 37221467 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-023-00451-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncologic patients are subjected to four major treatment types: surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. All nonsurgical forms of cancer management are known to potentially violate the structural and functional integrity of the cardiovascular system. The prevalence and severity of cardiotoxicity and vascular abnormalities led to the emergence of a clinical subdiscipline, called cardiooncology. This relatively new, but rapidly expanding area of knowledge, primarily focuses on clinical observations linking the adverse effects of cancer therapy with deteriorated quality of life of cancer survivors and their increased morbidity and mortality. Cellular and molecular determinants of these relations are far less understood, mainly because of several unsolved paths and contradicting findings in the literature. In this article, we provide a comprehensive view of the cellular and molecular etiology of cardiooncology. We pay particular attention to various intracellular processes that arise in cardiomyocytes, vascular endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells treated in experimentally-controlled conditions in vitro and in vivo with ionizing radiation and drugs representing diverse modes of anti-cancer activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Uruski
- Department of Hypertensiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa ½ Str., 61-848, Poznan, Poland
| | - Julia Matuszewska
- Department of Pathophysiology of Ageing and Civilization Diseases, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa ½ Str., 61-848, Poznan, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Leśniewska
- Department of Pathophysiology of Ageing and Civilization Diseases, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa ½ Str., 61-848, Poznan, Poland
| | - Daniel Rychlewski
- Department of Pathophysiology of Ageing and Civilization Diseases, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa ½ Str., 61-848, Poznan, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Niklas
- Department of Hypertensiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa ½ Str., 61-848, Poznan, Poland
| | - Justyna Mikuła-Pietrasik
- Department of Pathophysiology of Ageing and Civilization Diseases, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa ½ Str., 61-848, Poznan, Poland
| | - Andrzej Tykarski
- Department of Hypertensiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa ½ Str., 61-848, Poznan, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Książek
- Department of Pathophysiology of Ageing and Civilization Diseases, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa ½ Str., 61-848, Poznan, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Petrache I, Pujadas E, Ganju A, Serban KA, Borowiec A, Babbs B, Bronova IA, Egersdorf N, Hume PS, Goel K, Janssen WJ, Berdyshev EV, Cordon-Cardo C, Kolesnick R. Marked elevations in lung and plasma ceramide in COVID-19 linked to microvascular injury. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e156104. [PMID: 37212278 PMCID: PMC10322682 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.156104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of the marked pulmonary microvasculature injury, a distinguishing feature of COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome (COVID-ARDS), remains unclear. Implicated in the pathophysiology of diverse diseases characterized by endothelial damage, including ARDS and ischemic cardiovascular disease, ceramide and in particular palmitoyl ceramide (C16:0-ceramide) may be involved in the microvascular injury in COVID-19. Using deidentified plasma and lung samples from COVID-19 patients, ceramide profiling by mass spectrometry was performed. Compared with healthy individuals, a specific 3-fold C16:0-ceramide elevation in COVID-19 patient plasma was identified. Compared with age-matched controls, autopsied lungs of individuals succumbing to COVID-ARDS displayed a massive 9-fold C16:0-ceramide elevation and exhibited a previously unrecognized microvascular ceramide-staining pattern and markedly enhanced apoptosis. In COVID-19 plasma and lungs, the C16-ceramide/C24-ceramide ratios were increased and reversed, respectively, consistent with increased risk of vascular injury. Indeed, exposure of primary human lung microvascular endothelial cell monolayers to C16:0-ceramide-rich plasma lipid extracts from COVID-19, but not healthy, individuals led to a significant decrease in endothelial barrier function. This effect was phenocopied by spiking healthy plasma lipid extracts with synthetic C16:0-ceramide and was inhibited by treatment with ceramide-neutralizing monoclonal antibody or single-chain variable fragment. These results indicate that C16:0-ceramide may be implicated in the vascular injury associated with COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irina Petrache
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Elisabet Pujadas
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Aditya Ganju
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Karina A. Serban
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Alexander Borowiec
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Beatrice Babbs
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Irina A. Bronova
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Nicholas Egersdorf
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Patrick S. Hume
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Khushboo Goel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - William J. Janssen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Evgeny V. Berdyshev
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Carlos Cordon-Cardo
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Richard Kolesnick
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yim K, Leeman JE. Radiation Therapy in the Treatment of Localized and Advanced Renal Cancer. Urol Clin North Am 2023; 50:325-334. [PMID: 36948675 DOI: 10.1016/j.ucl.2023.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has historically been considered resistant to radiotherapy. However, advances in the field of radiation oncology have led to safe delivery of higher radiation doses through the use of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) that have shown significant activity against RCC. SBRT has now been shown to be a highly effective modality for management of localized RCC for nonsurgical candidates. Increasing evidence also points to a role for SBRT in the management of oligometastatic RCC as a means for not only providing palliation but prolonging time to progression and potentially improving survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kendrick Yim
- Division of Urology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 45 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jonathan E Leeman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute/ Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Effect of Sphingomyelinase-Treated LDLs on HUVECs. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052100. [PMID: 36903354 PMCID: PMC10004656 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) exert a key role in the transport of esterified cholesterol to tissues. Among the atherogenic modifications of LDLs, the oxidative modification has been mainly investigated as a major risk factor for accelerating atherogenesis. Since LDL sphingolipids are also emerging as important regulators of the atherogenic process, increasing attention is devoted to the effects of sphingomyelinase (SMase) on LDL structural and atherogenic properties. The aims of the study were to investigate the effect of SMase treatment on the physical-chemical properties of LDLs. Moreover, we evaluated cell viability, apoptosis, and oxidative and inflammatory status in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) treated with either ox-LDLs or SMase-treated LDLs (SMase-LDLs). Both treatments were associated with the accrual of the intracellular ROS and upregulation of the antioxidant Paraoxonase 2 (PON2), while only SMase-LDLs induced an increase of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), suggesting the activation of a feedback loop to restrain the detrimental effects of ROS. The increased caspase-3 activity and reduced viability observed in cells treated with SMase-LDLs and ox-LDLs suggest a pro-apoptotic effect of these modified lipoproteins on endothelial cells. Moreover, a strong proinflammatory effect of SMase-LDLs compared to ox-LDLs was confirmed by an increased activation of NF-κB and consequent increased expression of its downstream cytokines IL-8 and IL-6 in HUVECs.
Collapse
|
15
|
Piccoli M, Cirillo F, Ghiroldi A, Rota P, Coviello S, Tarantino A, La Rocca P, Lavota I, Creo P, Signorelli P, Pappone C, Anastasia L. Sphingolipids and Atherosclerosis: The Dual Role of Ceramide and Sphingosine-1-Phosphate. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12010143. [PMID: 36671005 PMCID: PMC9855164 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids are bioactive molecules that play either pro- and anti-atherogenic roles in the formation and maturation of atherosclerotic plaques. Among SLs, ceramide and sphingosine-1-phosphate showed antithetic properties in regulating various molecular mechanisms and have emerged as novel potential targets for regulating the development of atherosclerosis. In particular, maintaining the balance of the so-called ceramide/S1P rheostat is important to prevent the occurrence of endothelial dysfunction, which is the trigger for the entire atherosclerotic process and is strongly associated with increased oxidative stress. In addition, these two sphingolipids, together with many other sphingolipid mediators, are directly involved in the progression of atherogenesis and the formation of atherosclerotic plaques by promoting the oxidation of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and influencing the vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype. The modulation of ceramide and S1P levels may therefore allow the development of new antioxidant therapies that can prevent or at least impair the onset of atherogenesis, which would ultimately improve the quality of life of patients with coronary artery disease and significantly reduce their mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Piccoli
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Cirillo
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Ghiroldi
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Rota
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Coviello
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Adriana Tarantino
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo La Rocca
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Ivana Lavota
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Pasquale Creo
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Signorelli
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Aldo Ravelli Center for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Via Antonio di Rudinì 8, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Pappone
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Arrhythmology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Anastasia
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0226437765
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
McCorkell G, Nakayama M, Feltis B, Piva T, Geso M. Ultrasound-Stimulated Microbubbles Enhance Radiation-Induced Cell Killing. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2022; 48:2449-2460. [PMID: 36100510 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recent in vivo studies using ultrasound-stimulated microbubbles as a localized radiosensitizer have had impressive results. While in vitro studies have also obtained similar results using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), studies using other cell lines have had varying results. This study was aimed at investigating any increases in radiation-induced cell killing in vitro using two carcinoma lines not previously investigated before (metastatic follicular thyroid carcinoma cells [FTC-238] and non-small cell lung carcinoma cells [NCI-H727]), in addition to HUVEC. Cells were treated using a combination of 1.6% (v/v) microbubbles, ∼90 s of 2-MHz ultrasound (mechanical index = 0.8) and 0-6 Gy of kilovolt or MV X-rays. Cell viability assays obtained 72 h post-treatment were normalized to untreated controls, and analysis of variance was used to determine statistical significance. All cells treated with combined ultrasound-stimulated microbubbles and radiation exhibited decreased normalized survival, with statistically significant effects observed for the NCI-H727 cells. No statistically significant differences in effects were observed using kV compared with MV radiation. Further studies using increased microbubble concentrations may be required to achieve statistically significant results for the FTC-238 and HUVEC lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia McCorkell
- Department of Medical Radiations, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Masao Nakayama
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Bryce Feltis
- Department of Human Bioscience, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Terrence Piva
- Department of Human Bioscience, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Moshi Geso
- Department of Medical Radiations, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Victoria, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Olsson K, Cheng AJ, Al-Ameri M, Tardif N, Melin M, Rooyackers O, Lanner JT, Westerblad H, Gustafsson T, Bruton JD, Rullman E. Sphingomyelinase activity promotes atrophy and attenuates force in human muscle fibres and is elevated in heart failure patients. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:2551-2561. [PMID: 35852046 PMCID: PMC9530516 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activation of sphingomyelinase (SMase) as a result of a general inflammatory response has been implicated as a mechanism underlying disease-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and function in several clinical conditions including heart failure. Here, for the first time, we characterize the effects of SMase activity on human muscle fibre contractile function and assess skeletal muscle SMase activity in heart failure patients. METHODS The effects of SMase on force production and intracellular Ca2+ handling were investigated in single intact human muscle fibres. Additional mechanistic studies were performed in single mouse toe muscle fibres. RNA sequencing was performed in human muscle bundles exposed to SMase. Intramuscular SMase activity was measured from heart failure patients (n = 61, age 69 ± 0.8 years, NYHA III-IV, ejection fraction 25 ± 1.0%, peak VO2 14.4 ± 0.6 mL × kg × min) and healthy age-matched control subjects (n = 10, age 71 ± 2.2 years, ejection fraction 60 ± 1.2%, peak VO2 25.8 ± 1.1 mL × kg × min). SMase activity was related to circulatory factors known to be associated with progression and disease severity in heart failure. RESULTS Sphingomyelinase reduced muscle fibre force production (-30%, P < 0.05) by impairing sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ release (P < 0.05) and reducing myofibrillar Ca2+ sensitivity. In human muscle bundles exposed to SMase, RNA sequencing analysis revealed 180 and 291 genes as up-regulated and down-regulated, respectively, at a FDR of 1%. Gene-set enrichment analysis identified 'proteasome degradation' as an up-regulated pathway (average fold-change 1.1, P = 0.008), while the pathway 'cytoplasmic ribosomal proteins' (average fold-change 0.8, P < 0.0001) and factors involving proliferation of muscle cells (average fold-change 0.8, P = 0.0002) where identified as down-regulated. Intramuscular SMase activity was ~20% higher (P < 0.05) in human heart failure patients than in age-matched healthy controls and was positively correlated with markers of disease severity and progression, and with several circulating inflammatory proteins, including TNF-receptor 1 and 2. In a longitudinal cohort of heart failure patients (n = 6, mean follow-up time 2.5 ± 0.2 years), SMase activity was demonstrated to increase by 30% (P < 0.05) with duration of disease. CONCLUSIONS The present findings implicate activation of skeletal muscle SMase as a mechanism underlying human heart failure-related loss of muscle mass and function. Moreover, our findings strengthen the idea that SMase activation may underpin disease-related loss of muscle mass and function in other clinical conditions, acting as a common patophysiological mechanism for the myopathy often reported in diseases associated with a systemic inflammatory response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karl Olsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Section of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Arthur J Cheng
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum C5, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.,Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mamdoh Al-Ameri
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicolas Tardif
- Division of Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden.,Anesthesiology and intensive care, Department of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Michael Melin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Section of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Olav Rooyackers
- Division of Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden.,Anesthesiology and intensive care, Department of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Johanna T Lanner
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum C5, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Håkan Westerblad
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum C5, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Thomas Gustafsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Section of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska Institutet and Department of Clinical Physiology Karolinska Univ Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Joseph D Bruton
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum C5, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Eric Rullman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Section of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska Institutet and Department of Clinical Physiology Karolinska Univ Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Increased acid sphingomyelinase levels in pediatric patients with obesity. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10996. [PMID: 35768443 PMCID: PMC9243121 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14687-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The level of secretory acid sphingomyelinase (S-ASM), a key enzyme in the sphingolipid metabolism, is elevated in a variety of human diseases, including in the serum of obese adults. Alterations in S-ASM were also found to induce morphological changes in erythrocytes. Consequently, the inhibition of S-ASM by functional Inhibitors of ASM (FIASMA) may have broad clinical implications. The purpose of this study was to assess S-ASM activity in pediatric patients with obesity and healthy matched controls, as well as to investigate the erythrocyte morphology using transmission electron microscopy. We recruited 46 obese patients (mean age 11 ± 2.9 years) and 44 controls (mean age 10.8 ± 2.9 years). S-ASM activity was significantly higher (Wilcoxon signed-rank test p-value: 0.004) in obese patients (mean 396.4 ± 49.7 pmol/ml/h) than in controls (mean 373.7 ± 23.1 pmol/ml/h). No evidence of morphological differences in erythrocytes was found between the two populations. We then carried out a case–control study based on the spontaneous reporting system database to compare FIASMAs with NON-FIASMAs in terms of weight gain risk. Children who received FIASMA had a significantly lower frequency of weight gain reports than patients who took NON-FIASMA agents (p < 0.001). Our findings suggest there is an intriguing possibility that S-ASM may play a role in pediatric obesity. This pilot study could serve as the basis for future studies in this interesting field of research.
Collapse
|
19
|
Barchuk M, Ancel P, Miksztowicz V, Doukbi E, Svilar L, Yñón D, Nogueira JP, Rubio M, Schreier L, Dutour A, Martin JC, Gaborit B, Berg G. Epicardial Adipose Tissue Ceramides Are Related to Lipoprotein Lipase Activity in Coronary Artery Disease: Unfolding a Missing Link. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2022; 42:e242-e251. [PMID: 35708030 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.122.317840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) contributes to coronary artery disease (CAD). EAT presents a specific lipidomic signature, showing increased ceramides and other proinflammatory lipids content. Besides, LPL (lipoprotein lipase) activity in EAT would contribute to its expansion, supplying fatty acids to the tissue. Our aim was to evaluate the relations between LPL activity, regulators of LPL, and ceramides in EAT from CAD patients. METHODS We studied patients undergoing coronary bypass graft (CAD, n=25) and patients without CAD (no CAD, n=14). EAT and subcutaneous AT (SAT) were obtained, tissue LPL activity and its regulator's expression (ANGPTL4, GPIHBP1 [glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored high-density lipoprotein-binding protein 1], and PPARγ [peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor γ]) were assessed. Tissue lipidomes were evaluated by UHPLC-MS, in positive and negative ionization modes. RESULTS LPL activity was higher in EAT from CAD (P<0.001), and in EAT than SAT in both groups (P<0.001). ANGPTL4 levels were lower, GPIHBP1 and PPARγ levels were higher in EAT from CAD (P<0.001). In both groups, EAT exhibited more ceramide (P=0.01), directly associated with LPL activity, being the strongest association with Cer18:1/24:1 (P<0.001). EAT Cer18:1/16:0 to Cer18:1/24:0 and Cer18:1/24:1 to 18:1/24:0 ratios were higher in CAD (P=0.03; P<0.001, respectively), the latter directly associated with LPL activity (r=0.63, P<0.001) GPIHBP1 levels (r=0.68, P<0.001), and inversely to EAT ANGPTL4 expression (r=-0.49, P=0.03). Pairwise partial correlation network showed associations among bioactive lipids and LPL and its regulators (P<0.001 in all cases). CONCLUSIONS The association between LPL activity, total ceramide, and the atherogenic ceramide ratios highlights the importance of the enzyme and these bioactive lipids contributing to the different metabolic profile of EAT in CAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magalí Barchuk
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Fisiopatología y Bioquímica Clínica (INFIBIOC), Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Laboratorio de Lípidos y Aterosclerosis, Buenos Aires, Argentina (M.B., L.S., G.B.)
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Argentina (M.B., V.M., G.B.)
| | - Patricia Ancel
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, France (P.A., E.D., L.S., A.D., J.C.M., B.G.)
| | - Verónica Miksztowicz
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Argentina (M.B., V.M., G.B.)
| | - Elisa Doukbi
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, France (P.A., E.D., L.S., A.D., J.C.M., B.G.)
| | - Ljubica Svilar
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Fisiopatología y Bioquímica Clínica (INFIBIOC), Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Laboratorio de Lípidos y Aterosclerosis, Buenos Aires, Argentina (M.B., L.S., G.B.)
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, France (P.A., E.D., L.S., A.D., J.C.M., B.G.)
| | - Daniel Yñón
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", División de Cirugía Cardiovascular, Argentina (D.Y., M.R.)
| | - Juan Patricio Nogueira
- Servicio de Docencia e Investigación, Hospital Central de Formosa, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Formosa, Argentina (J.P.N.)
| | - Miguel Rubio
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", División de Cirugía Cardiovascular, Argentina (D.Y., M.R.)
| | - Laura Schreier
- CRIBIOM, Criblage Biologique Marseille, Faculté de Medecine de la Timone, France (L.S.)
| | - Anne Dutour
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, France (P.A., E.D., L.S., A.D., J.C.M., B.G.)
- Endocrinology, Metabolic Diseases and Nutrition Department, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, France (A.D., B.G.)
| | - Jean Charles Martin
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, France (P.A., E.D., L.S., A.D., J.C.M., B.G.)
| | - Bénédicte Gaborit
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, France (P.A., E.D., L.S., A.D., J.C.M., B.G.)
- Endocrinology, Metabolic Diseases and Nutrition Department, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, France (A.D., B.G.)
| | - Gabriela Berg
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Fisiopatología y Bioquímica Clínica (INFIBIOC), Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Laboratorio de Lípidos y Aterosclerosis, Buenos Aires, Argentina (M.B., L.S., G.B.)
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Argentina (M.B., V.M., G.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Li J, Zheng X, Li X, Yang J, Liu W, Yang L, Liu B. Study on the protective effect and mechanism of Liriodendrin on radiation enteritis in mice. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2022; 63:213-220. [PMID: 35059715 PMCID: PMC8944324 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrab128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Patients receiving pelvic or abdominal radiotherapy may experience acute and/or chronic side effects due to gastrointestinal changes. However, effective medicine for treating radiation enteritis has not been found yet. Sargentodoxa cuneata is a famous Chinese medicine used to treat intestinal inflammation, and our research team has found the main biologically active compound through its extraction, which is Liriodendrin. In this study, we found that Liriodendrin can reduce the expression of Cer, Cer1P and S1P in the sphingolipid pathway, thereby reducing the histological damage to the intestinal tract of mice and inhibiting the apoptosis of intestinal tissue cells. In addition, Liriodendrin can reduce the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α), and it is suggested through flow cytometry that the proportion of neutrophils in the intestinal tissue can decrease due to the existence of Liriodendrin. At the same time, the western blot evaluation revealed that Liriodendrin significantly inhibited the activation of Bcl-2/Bax/Caspase-3 and NF-κB signaling pathways. The results show that Liriodendrin can inhibit intestinal inflammation and intestinal cell apoptosis through the sphingolipid pathway. Therefore, the aforementioned results demonstrated that Liriodendrin may be a promising drug for the treatment of radiation enteritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xiong Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610051, China
| | - Jing Yang
- The School of Biological Science and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, 610083, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610051, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Tianjin key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Corresponding author. Bin Liu, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, 610051, China. E-mail: ; Tel: +86-13980823937; Fax: +86-028-84771387
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ueda S, Manabe Y, Kubo N, Morino N, Yuasa H, Shiotsu M, Tsuji T, Sugawara T, Kambe T. Early secretory pathway-resident Zn transporter proteins contribute to cellular sphingolipid metabolism through activation of sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 322:C948-C959. [PMID: 35294847 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00020.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1 (SMPD1) converts sphingomyelin into ceramide and phosphocholine; hence, loss of SMPD1 function causes abnormal accumulation of sphingomyelin in lysosomes, which results in the lipid-storage disorder Niemann-Pick disease (types A and B). SMPD1 activity is dependent on zinc, which is coordinated at the active site of the enzyme, and although SMPD1 has been suggested to acquire zinc at the sites where the enzyme is localized, precisely how SMPD1 acquires zinc remains to be clarified. Here, we addressed this using a gene-disruption/re-expression strategy. Our results revealed that Zn transporter 5 (ZNT5)-ZNT6 heterodimers and ZNT7 homodimers, which localize in the compartments of the early secretory pathway, play essential roles in SMPD1 activation. Both ZNT complexes contribute to cellular sphingolipid metabolism by activating SMPD1 because cells lacking the functions of the two complexes exhibited a reduced ceramide to sphingomyelin content ratio in terms of their dominant molecular species and an increase in the sphingomyelin content in terms of three minor species. Moreover, mutant cells contained multilamellar body-like structures, indicative of membrane stacking and accumulation, in the cytoplasm. These findings provide novel insights into the molecular mechanism underlying the activation of SMPD1, a key enzyme in sphingolipid metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Ueda
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Manabe
- Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naoya Kubo
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naho Morino
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hana Yuasa
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Miku Shiotsu
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tokuji Tsuji
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Sugawara
- Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Taiho Kambe
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Keyes E, Grinnell M, Jacoby D, Vazquez T, Diaz D, Werth VP, Williams KJ. Assessment and management of the heightened risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular events in patients with lupus erythematosus or dermatomyositis. Int J Womens Dermatol 2021; 7:560-575. [PMID: 35024413 PMCID: PMC8721062 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijwd.2021.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
For patients with lupus erythematosus (LE) or dermatomyositis (DM), there is an urgent need to address a heightened risk of clinical events, chiefly heart attacks and strokes, caused by atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Patients with LE or DM frequently exhibit high levels of conventional risk factors for ASCVD events, particularly dyslipoproteinemia and hypertension; an amplified burden of atherosclerotic plaques; and increased age- and sex-adjusted rates of ASCVD events compared with the general population. The rate of ASCVD events exceeds what would be expected from conventional risk factors, suggesting that disease-specific autoimmune processes exacerbate specific, known pathogenic steps in atherosclerosis. Importantly, despite their heightened risk, patients with LE or DM are often undertreated for known causative agents and exacerbators of ASCVD. Herein, we propose an approach to assess and manage the heightened risk of ASCVD events in patients with LE or DM. Our approach is modeled in large part on established approaches to patients with diabetes mellitus or stage 3 or 4 chronic kidney disease, which are well-studied conditions that also show heightened risk for ASCVD events and have been explicitly incorporated into standard clinical guidelines for ASCVD. Based on the available evidence, we conclude that patients with LE or DM require earlier and more aggressive screening and management of ASCVD. We suggest that physicians consider implementing multipliers of conventional risk calculators to trigger earlier initiation of lifestyle modifications and medical therapies in primary prevention of ASCVD events, employ vascular imaging to quantify the burden of subclinical plaques, and treat to lower lipid targets using statins and newer therapies, such as PCSK9 inhibitors, that decrease ASCVD events in nonautoimmune cohorts. More clinical vigilance is needed regarding surveillance, prevention, risk modification, and treatment of dyslipidemias, hypertension, and smoking in patients with LE or DM. All of these goals are achievable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Keyes
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Madison Grinnell
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Douglas Jacoby
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Thomas Vazquez
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - DeAnna Diaz
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Victoria P. Werth
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kevin Jon Williams
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zelnik ID, Kim JL, Futerman AH. The Complex Tail of Circulating Sphingolipids in Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Disease. J Lipid Atheroscler 2021; 10:268-281. [PMID: 34621698 PMCID: PMC8473959 DOI: 10.12997/jla.2021.10.3.268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids (SLs) are critical players in a number of cellular processes and have recently been implicated in a large number of human diseases, including atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD). SLs are generated intracellularly in a stepwise manner, starting with the generation of the sphingoid long chain base (LCB), followed by N-acylation of the LCB to form ceramide, which can be subsequently metabolized to sphingomyelin and glycosphingolipids. Fatty acids, which are taken up by cells prior to their activation to fatty acyl-CoAs, are used in 2 of these enzymatic steps, including by ceramide synthases, which use fatty acyl-CoAs of different chain lengths to generate ceramides with different N-acyl chain lengths. Recently, alterations in plasma ceramides with specific N-acyl chain lengths and degrees of saturation have emerged as novel biomarkers for the prediction of atherosclerosis and overall cardiovascular risk in the general population. We briefly review the sources of plasma SLs in atherosclerosis, the roles of SLs in CVD, and the possible use of the "ceramide score" as a prognostic marker for CVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iris D Zelnik
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Jiyoon L Kim
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Anthony H Futerman
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
McGurk KA, Keavney BD, Nicolaou A. Circulating ceramides as biomarkers of cardiovascular disease: Evidence from phenotypic and genomic studies. Atherosclerosis 2021; 327:18-30. [PMID: 34004484 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
There is a need for new biomarkers of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACVD), the main cause of death globally. Ceramides, a class of potent bioactive lipid mediators, have signalling roles in apoptosis, cellular stress and inflammation. Recent studies have highlighted circulating ceramides as novel biomarkers of coronary artery disease, type-2 diabetes and insulin resistance. Ceramides are highly regulated by enzymatic reactions throughout the body in terms of their activity and metabolism, including production, degradation and transport. The genetic studies that have been completed to date on the main ceramide species found in circulation are described, highlighting the importance of DNA variants in genes involved in ceramide biosynthesis as key influencers of heritable, circulating ceramide levels. We also review studies of disease associations with ceramides and discuss mechanistic insights deriving from recent genomic studies. The signalling activities of ceramides in vascular inflammation and apoptosis, associations between circulating ceramides and coronary artery disease risk, type-2 diabetes and insulin resistance, and the potential importance of ceramides with regard to ACVD risk factors, such as blood pressure, lipoproteins and lifestyle factors, are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn A McGurk
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, UK; Laboratory for Lipidomics and Lipid Research, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, UK
| | - Bernard D Keavney
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, UK; Manchester Heart Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Anna Nicolaou
- Laboratory for Lipidomics and Lipid Research, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, UK; Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Xiang H, Jin S, Tan F, Xu Y, Lu Y, Wu T. Physiological functions and therapeutic applications of neutral sphingomyelinase and acid sphingomyelinase. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111610. [PMID: 33957567 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingomyelin (SM) can be converted into ceramide (Cer) by neutral sphingomyelinase (NSM) and acid sphingomyelinase (ASM). Cer is a second messenger of lipids and can regulate cell growth and apoptosis. Increasing evidence shows that NSM and ASM play key roles in many processes, such as apoptosis, immune function and inflammation. Therefore, NSM and ASM have broad prospects in clinical treatments, especially in cancer, cardiovascular diseases (such as atherosclerosis), nervous system diseases (such as Alzheimer's disease), respiratory diseases (such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) and the phenotype of dwarfisms in adolescents, playing a complex regulatory role. This review focuses on the physiological functions of NSM and ASM and summarizes their roles in certain diseases and their potential applications in therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongjiao Xiang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengjie Jin
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fenglang Tan
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifan Xu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifei Lu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Jiang M, Huang S, Duan W, Liu Q, Lei M. Alpha-mangostin improves endothelial dysfunction in db/db mice through inhibition of aSMase/ceramide pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:3601-3609. [PMID: 33719188 PMCID: PMC8034454 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic vascular complications are the leading causes of death and disability in patients with diabetes. Alpha-mangostin has been reported to have anti-diabetic capacity in recent years. Here, we investigated the protective function of alpha-mangostin on endothelium in vitro and in vivo experiments. We also observed that alpha-mangostin improved impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation (EDV) of diabetic animals while it limited the aSMase/ceramide pathway and up-regulated eNOS/NO pathway in aortas from diabetic mice. Meanwhile, alpha-mangostin inhibited elevated aSMase/ceramide pathway and reversed impaired EDV induced by high glucose in isolated mouse aortas. In addition, alpha-mangostin increased phosphorylation of eNOS and NO production in high glucose-treated aortas. Alpha-mangostin normalized high glucose-induced activation of aSMase/ceramide pathway and improved eNOS/NO pathway in endothelial cells with high glucose. In conclusion, alpha-mangostin regulates eNOS/NO pathway and improves EDV in aortas of diabetic mice through inhibiting aSMase activity and endogenous ceramide accumulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Jiang
- Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shanya Huang
- Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wang Duan
- Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiaoshu Liu
- Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Minxiang Lei
- Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Meeusen JW, Donato LJ, Kopecky SL, Vasile VC, Jaffe AS, Laaksonen R. Ceramides improve atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk assessment beyond standard risk factors. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 511:138-142. [PMID: 33058843 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ceramides are bioactive lipids that act as secondary messengers for both intra- and inter-cellular signaling. Elevated plasma concentrations of ceramides are associated with multiple risk factors of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases and comorbidities including obesity, insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, atherosclerotic plaques have been shown to be highly enriched with ceramides. Increases in ceramide content may accelerate atherosclerosis development by promoting LDL infiltration to the endothelium and aggregation within the intima of artery walls. Thus, ceramides appear to play a key role in the development of cardiometabolic disease due to their central location in major metabolic pathways that intersect lipid and glucose metabolism. Recently published data have shown that ceramides are not only of scientific interest but may also have diagnostic value. Their independent prognostic value for future cardiovascular outcomes over and above LDL cholesterol and other traditional risk factors have consistently been shown in numerous clinical studies. Thus, ceramide testing with a mass spectrometer offers a simple, reproducible and cost-effective blood test for risk stratification in atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey W Meeusen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
| | - Leslie J Donato
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | | | - Vlad C Vasile
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; Department of Cardiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Allan S Jaffe
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; Department of Cardiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Zora Biosciences Oy, Espoo, Finland; Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ferchaud-Roucher V, Zair Y, Aguesse A, Krempf M, Ouguerram K. Omega 3 Improves Both apoB100-containing Lipoprotein Turnover and their Sphingolipid Profile in Hypertriglyceridemia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5893579. [PMID: 32805740 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Evidence for an association between sphingolipids and metabolic disorders is increasingly reported. Omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFAs) improve apolipoprotein B100 (apoB100)-containing lipoprotein metabolism, but their effects on the sphingolipid content in lipoproteins remain unknown. OBJECTIVES In subjects with hypertriglyceridemia, we analyzed the effect of n-3 LC-PUFAs on the turnover apoB100-containing lipoproteins and on their sphingolipid content and looked for the possible association between these lipid levels and apoB100-containing lipoprotein turnover parameters. METHODS Six subjects underwent a kinetic study before and after n-3 supplementation for 2 months with 1 g of fish oil 3 times day containing 360 mg of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 240 mg of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the form of triglycerides. We examined apoB100-containing lipoprotein turnover by primed perfusion labeled [5,5,5-2H3]-leucine and determined kinetic parameters using a multicompartmental model. We quantified sphingolipid species content in lipoproteins using mass spectrometry. RESULTS Supplementation decreased very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), triglyceride, and apoB100 concentrations. The VLDL neutral and polar lipids showed increased n-3 LC-PUFA and decreased n-6 LC-PUFA content. The conversion rate of VLDL1 to VLDL2 and of VLDL2 to LDL was increased. We measured a decrease in total apoB100 production and VLDL1 production. Supplementation reduced the total ceramide concentration in VLDL while the sphingomyelin content in LDL was increased. We found positive correlations between plasma palmitic acid and VLDL ceramide and between VLDL triglyceride and VLDL ceramide, and inverse correlations between VLDL n-3 LC-PUFA and VLDL production. CONCLUSION Based on these results, we hypothesize that the improvement in apoB100 metabolism during n-3 LC-PUFA supplementation is contributed to by changes in sphingolipids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Ferchaud-Roucher
- University of Nantes, CHU Nantes, INRAe, UMR 1280 Physiopathology of Nutritional Adaptations, Nantes, France
- CRNH, West Human Nutrition Research Center, Nantes, France
| | - Yassine Zair
- CRNH, West Human Nutrition Research Center, Nantes, France
| | - Audrey Aguesse
- University of Nantes, CHU Nantes, INRAe, UMR 1280 Physiopathology of Nutritional Adaptations, Nantes, France
- CRNH, West Human Nutrition Research Center, Nantes, France
| | - Michel Krempf
- University of Nantes, CHU Nantes, INRAe, UMR 1280 Physiopathology of Nutritional Adaptations, Nantes, France
- CRNH, West Human Nutrition Research Center, Nantes, France
| | - Khadija Ouguerram
- University of Nantes, CHU Nantes, INRAe, UMR 1280 Physiopathology of Nutritional Adaptations, Nantes, France
- CRNH, West Human Nutrition Research Center, Nantes, France
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Cao R, Fang Z, Li S, Xu M, Zhang J, Han D, Hu W, Yan L, Wang Y, Fan L, Cao F. Circulating Ceramide: A New Cardiometabolic Biomarker in Patients With Comorbid Acute Coronary Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Front Physiol 2020; 11:1104. [PMID: 33041846 PMCID: PMC7522524 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.01104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims This study investigated the association of circulating ceramides in patients with comorbid acute coronary syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus (ACS-DM). Methods A total of 761 patients with coronary heart disease who were admitted to the Department of Cardiology at the Chinese PLA General Hospital from March to August 2018 were enrolled in this study. Of these 761 patients, 282 were diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We selected 65 patients with ACS-DM (ACS-DM group; mean age 64.88 years; 38 men) and 65 patients with ACS but without any comorbidities (ACS group; mean age 64.68 years; 38 men); the two groups were matched by age and sex. We determined four circulating ceramides in 130 plasma samples: Cer(d18:1/16:0), Cer(d18:1/18:0), Cer(d18:1/24:1), and Cer(d18:1/24:0). The ceramides in plasma samples from patients with ACS and those from patients with ACS-DM were compared. Pearson correlation coefficients between individual ceramides and traditional cardiovascular risk factors for the whole study population were calculated. Multiple logistic regression models were used to evaluate the relativity between the ceramide and ACS-DM. Results Compared with the ACS group, the levels of Cer(d18:1/16:0), Cer(d18:1/18:0), and Cer(d18:1/24:1) and their ratios to Cer(d18:1/24:0) were higher in the ACS-DM group and Cer(d18:1/24:0) was lower in the ACS-DM group (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis demonstrated mild-to-moderate correlations of ceramide and traditional cardiovascular risk factors. There were relatively strong correlations of Cer(d18:1/18:0) and Cer(d18:1/24:1) with C-reactive protein, blood lipids, fasting blood glucose, and glycated hemoglobin A1c. In multiple logistic regression models, Cer(d18:1/18:0) [odds ratio (OR) 2.396; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.103–5.205; P = 0.027], Cer(d18:1/24:1) (OR 2.826; 95% CI 1.158–6.896; P = 0.023), Cer(d18:1/18:0)/Cer(d18:1/24:0) (OR 2.242; 95% CI 1.103–4.555; P = 0.026), and Cer(d18:1/24:1)/Cer(d18:1/24:0) (OR 2.673; 95% CI 1.225–5.836; P = 0.014) were positively correlated with ACS-DM, and Cer(d18:1/24:0) (OR 0.200; 95% CI 0.051–0.778; P = 0.020) was negatively correlated with ACS-DM. Conclusion Circulating ceramides are positively correlated with the risk of ACS-DM comorbidity. These results give a new insight into the pathogenesis of ACS-DM comorbidity and could provide new options for risk estimation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruihua Cao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyi Fang
- The Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Sulei Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Mengqi Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jibin Zhang
- The Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Han
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Wenchao Hu
- The Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Liqiu Yan
- The Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yabin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Li Fan
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Cao
- The Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Conformal Avoidance of Normal Organs at Risk by Perfusion-Modulated Dose Sculpting in Tumor Single-Dose Radiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020; 109:288-297. [PMID: 32777335 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although 24 Gy single-dose radiation therapy (SDRT) renders >90% 5-year local relapse-free survival in human solid tumor lesions, SDRT delivery is not feasible in ∼50% of oligometastatic lesions owing to interference by dose/volume constraints of a serial organ at risk (OAR). Conformal OAR avoidance is based on a hypothetical model positing that the recently described SDRT biology specifically permits volumetric subdivision of the SDRT dose, such that high-intensity vascular drivers of SDRT lethality, generated within a major tumor subvolume exposed to a high 24 Gy dose (high-dose planning target volume [PTVHD]), would equilibrate SDRT signaling intensity throughout the tumor interstitial space, rendering bystander radiosensitization of a minor subvolume (perfusion-modulated dose sculpting PTV [PTVPMDS]), dose-sculpted to meet a serial OAR dose/volume constraint. An engineered PTVPMDS may thus yield tumor ablation despite PMDS dose reduction and conformally avoiding OAR exposure to a toxic dose. METHODS AND MATERIALS Dose fall-off within the PTVPMDS penumbra of oligometastatic lesions was planned and delivered by intensity modulated inverse dose painting. SDRT- and SDRT-PMDS-treated lesions were followed with periodic positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging to assess local tumor control. RESULTS Cumulative baseline 5-year local relapse rates of oligometastases treated with 24 Gy SDRT alone (8% relapses, n = 292) were similar in moderate PTVPMDS dose-sculpted (23-18 Gy, n = 76, 11% relapses, P = .36) and extreme dose-sculpted (<18 Gy, n = 61, 14% relapses, P = .29) lesions, provided the major 24 Gy PTVHD constituted ≥60% of the total PTV. In contrast, 28% of local relapses occurred in 26 extreme dose-sculpted PTVPMDS lesions when PTVHD constituted <60% of the total PTV (P = .004), suggesting a threshold for the PTVPMDS bystander effect. CONCLUSION The study provides compelling clinical support for the bystander radiosensitization hypothesis, rendering local cure of tumor lesions despite a ≥25% PTVPMDS dose reduction of the 24 Gy PTVHD dose, adapted to conformally meet OAR dose/volume constraints. The SDRT-PMDS approach thus provides a therapeutic resolution to otherwise radioablation-intractable oligometastatic disease.
Collapse
|
31
|
Cheng J, Fuller J, Feldman R, Tap W, Owa T, Fuks Z, Kolesnick R. Enhancement of Soft Tissue Sarcoma Response to Gemcitabine through Timed Administration of a Short-Acting Anti-Angiogenic Agent. Cell Physiol Biochem 2020; 54:707-718. [PMID: 32722909 DOI: 10.33594/000000250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Despite enormous effort, anti-angiogenic drugs have not lived up to the promise of globally-enhancing anti-cancer therapies. Clinically, anti-angiogenic drugs have been used to persistently suppress vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in order to "normalize" dysfunctional neo-angiogenic microvasculature and prevent recruitment of endothelial progenitors. Recently, we showed that a 1h pre-treatment with anti-angiogenic drugs prior to ultra-high single dose radiotherapy and specific chemotherapies transiently de-represses acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase), leading to enhanced cancer therapy-induced, ceramide-mediated vascular injury and tumor response. Here we formally decipher parameters of chemotherapy induction of endothelial sphingolipid signaling events and define principles for optimizing anti-angiogenic chemosensitization. METHODS These studies examine the antimetabolite chemotherapeutic gemcitabine in soft tissue sarcoma (STS), a clinically-relevant combination. RESULTS Initial studies address the theoretic problem that anti-angiogenic drugs such as bevacizumab, an IgG with a 3-week half-life, have the potential for accumulating during the 3-week chemotherapeutic cycles currently standard-of-care for STS treatment. We show that anti-angiogenic ASMase-dependent enhancement of the response of MCA/129 fibrosarcomas in sv129/BL6 mice to gemcitabine progressively diminishes as the level of the VEGFR2 inhibitor DC101, an IgG, accumulates, suggesting a short-acting anti-angiogenic drug might be preferable in multi-cycle chemotherapeutic regimens. Further, we show lenvatinib, a VEGFR2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor with a short half-life, to be superior to DC101, enhancing gemcitabine-induced endothelial cell apoptosis and tumor response in a multi-cycle treatment schedule. CONCLUSION We posit that a single delivery of a short-acting anti-angiogenic agent at 1h preceding each dose of gemcitabine and other chemotherapies may be more efficacious for repeated sensitization of the ASMase pathway in multi-cycle chemotherapy regimens than current treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Cheng
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - John Fuller
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Regina Feldman
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - William Tap
- Sarcoma Medical Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Takashi Owa
- Oncology Business Group, Eisai Co Ltd, Koishikawa, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Zvi Fuks
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Richard Kolesnick
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA,
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Haimovitz-Friedman A, Mizrachi A, Jaimes EA. Manipulating Oxidative Stress Following Ionizing Radiation. JOURNAL OF CELLULAR SIGNALING 2020; 1:8-13. [PMID: 32550605 PMCID: PMC7299208 DOI: 10.33696/signaling.1.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Aviram Mizrachi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery and Center for Translational Research in Head and Neck Cancer, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Edgar A Jaimes
- Department of Medicine, Renal Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Benitez‐Amaro A, Pallara C, Nasarre L, Ferreira R, Gonzalo‐Calvo D, Prades R, Tarragó T, Llorente‐Cortés V. Development of Innovative Antiatherosclerotic Peptides through the Combination of Molecular Modeling and a Dual (Biochemical‐Cellular) Screening System. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aleyda Benitez‐Amaro
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB)Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) Barcelona 08036 Spain
- Group of Lipids and Cardiovascular PathologyBiomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau)Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau Barcelona 08025 Spain
| | - Chiara Pallara
- Iproteos S.LBarcelona Science Park (PCB) Barcelona 08028 Spain
| | - Laura Nasarre
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB)Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) Barcelona 08036 Spain
| | - Ruben Ferreira
- Iproteos S.LBarcelona Science Park (PCB) Barcelona 08028 Spain
| | - David Gonzalo‐Calvo
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB)Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) Barcelona 08036 Spain
- Group of Lipids and Cardiovascular PathologyBiomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau)Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau Barcelona 08025 Spain
- CIBER enfermedades cardiovasculares (CIBERcv) Madrid 28029 Spain
| | - Roger Prades
- Iproteos S.LBarcelona Science Park (PCB) Barcelona 08028 Spain
| | - Teresa Tarragó
- Iproteos S.LBarcelona Science Park (PCB) Barcelona 08028 Spain
| | - Vicenta Llorente‐Cortés
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB)Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) Barcelona 08036 Spain
- Group of Lipids and Cardiovascular PathologyBiomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau)Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau Barcelona 08025 Spain
- CIBER enfermedades cardiovasculares (CIBERcv) Madrid 28029 Spain
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Leonetti D, Estéphan H, Ripoche N, Dubois N, Aguesse A, Gouard S, Brossard L, Chiavassa S, Corre I, Pecqueur C, Neunlist M, Hadchity E, Gaugler MH, Mahé MM, Paris F. Secretion of Acid Sphingomyelinase and Ceramide by Endothelial Cells Contributes to Radiation-Induced Intestinal Toxicity. Cancer Res 2020; 80:2651-2662. [PMID: 32291318 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-1527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ceramide-induced endothelial cell apoptosis boosts intestinal stem cell radiosensitivity. However, the molecular connection between these two cellular compartments has not been clearly elucidated. Here we report that ceramide and its related enzyme acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) are secreted by irradiated endothelial cells and act as bystander factors to enhance the radiotoxicity of intestinal epithelium. Ceramide and the two isoforms of ASM were acutely secreted in the blood serum of wild-type mice after 15 Gy radiation dose, inducing a gastrointestinal syndrome. Interestingly, serum ceramide was not enhanced in irradiated ASMKO mice, which are unable to develop intestinal failure injury. Because ASM/ceramide were secreted by primary endothelial cells, their contribution was studied in intestinal epithelium dysfunction using coculture of primary endothelial cells and intestinal T84 cells. Adding exogenous ASM or ceramide enhanced epithelial cell growth arrest and death. Conversely, blocking their secretion by endothelial cells using genetic, pharmacologic, or immunologic approaches abolished intestinal T84 cell radiosensitivity. Use of enteroid models revealed ASM and ceramide-mediated deleterious mode-of-action: when ceramide reduced the number of intestinal crypt-forming enteroids without affecting their structure, ASM induced a significant decrease of enteroid growth without affecting their number. Identification of specific and different roles for ceramide and ASM secreted by irradiated endothelial cells opens new perspectives in the understanding of intestinal epithelial dysfunction after radiation and defines a new class of potential therapeutic radiomitigators. SIGNIFICANCE: This study identifies secreted ASM and ceramide as paracrine factors enhancing intestinal epithelial dysfunction, revealing a previously unknown class of mediators of radiosensitivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hala Estéphan
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, CNRS, CRCINA, Nantes, France.,Anti-Tumor Therapeutic Targeting Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
| | | | - Nolwenn Dubois
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, CNRS, CRCINA, Nantes, France.,ICO, Saint-Herblain, France
| | - Audrey Aguesse
- Université de Nantes, INRA UMR 1280 Physiologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles, Nantes, France.,CRNHO, West Human Nutrition Research Center, Nantes, France
| | | | - Lisa Brossard
- The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, Nantes, France
| | | | - Isabelle Corre
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, CNRS, CRCINA, Nantes, France
| | | | - Michel Neunlist
- The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, Nantes, France
| | - Elie Hadchity
- Anti-Tumor Therapeutic Targeting Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
| | | | - Maxime M Mahé
- The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, Nantes, France
| | - François Paris
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, CNRS, CRCINA, Nantes, France. .,ICO, Saint-Herblain, France
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Associations between specific plasma ceramides and severity of coronary-artery stenosis assessed by coronary angiography. DIABETES & METABOLISM 2020; 46:150-157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
36
|
Ferranti CS, Cheng J, Thompson C, Zhang J, Rotolo JA, Buddaseth S, Fuks Z, Kolesnick RN. Fusion of lysosomes to plasma membrane initiates radiation-induced apoptosis. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 2020; 219:133857. [PMID: 32328634 PMCID: PMC7147101 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201903176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diverse stresses, including reactive oxygen species (ROS), ionizing radiation, and chemotherapies, activate acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase) and generate the second messenger ceramide at plasma membranes, triggering apoptosis in specific cells, such as hematopoietic cells and endothelium. Ceramide elevation drives local bilayer reorganization into ceramide-rich platforms, macrodomains (0.5-5-µm diameter) that transmit apoptotic signals. An unresolved issue is how ASMase residing within lysosomes is released extracellularly within seconds to hydrolyze sphingomyelin preferentially enriched in outer plasma membranes. Here we show that physical damage by ionizing radiation and ROS induces full-thickness membrane disruption that allows local calcium influx, membrane lysosome fusion, and ASMase release. Further, electron microscopy reveals that plasma membrane "nanopore-like" structures (∼100-nm diameter) form rapidly due to lipid peroxidation, allowing calcium entry to initiate lysosome fusion. We posit that the extent of upstream damage to mammalian plasma membranes, calibrated by severity of nanopore-mediated local calcium influx for lysosome fusion, represents a biophysical mechanism for cell death induction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles S. Ferranti
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Jin Cheng
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Chris Thompson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Jimmy A. Rotolo
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Salma Buddaseth
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Zvi Fuks
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Richard N. Kolesnick
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY,Correspondence to Richard Kolesnick:
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Crivelli SM, Giovagnoni C, Visseren L, Scheithauer AL, de Wit N, den Hoedt S, Losen M, Mulder MT, Walter J, de Vries HE, Bieberich E, Martinez-Martinez P. Sphingolipids in Alzheimer's disease, how can we target them? Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 159:214-231. [PMID: 31911096 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Altered levels of sphingolipids and their metabolites in the brain, and the related downstream effects on neuronal homeostasis and the immune system, provide a framework for understanding mechanisms in neurodegenerative disorders and for developing new intervention strategies. In this review we will discuss: the metabolites of sphingolipids that function as second messengers; and functional aberrations of the pathway resulting in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiology. Focusing on the central product of the sphingolipid pathway ceramide, we describ approaches to pharmacologically decrease ceramide levels in the brain and we argue on how the sphingolipid pathway may represent a new framework for developing novel intervention strategies in AD. We also highlight the possible use of clinical and non-clinical drugs to modulate the sphingolipid pathway and sphingolipid-related biological cascades.
Collapse
|
38
|
Fadhel MN, Hysi E, Strohm EM, Kolios MC. Optical and photoacoustic radiofrequency spectroscopic analysis for detecting red blood cell death. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201800431. [PMID: 31050867 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201800431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Under stress, red blood cells (RBCs) undergo programmed cell death (eryptosis). One of the signaling molecules for eryptosis, sphingomyelinase (SMase), plays an important role in monitoring the efficacy of vascular targeted cancer therapy. The high optical absorption of erythrocytes coupled with the changes of eryptotic RBCs makes RBCs ideal targets for the photoacoustic (PA) detection and characterization of vascular treatments. In this work, experiments characterizing eryptosis were performed: PA detection of high frequencies (>100 MHz) that enabled analysis at the single-cell level and of low frequencies (21 MHz) that enabled analysis at the RBC ensemble level. Ultrasound spectral analysis was performed on control and SMase-treated RBCs. Spectral unmixing was applied to quantify methemoglobin production as a by-product of RBC death. Validation was performed using a blood gas analyzer and optical spectrometry. Our results indicate that PA radiofrequency spectra could be used to differentiate the biochemically induced morphological changes as RBCs lose their native biconcave shape, and release hemoglobin into the surroundings. Spectral unmixing revealed a 7% increase in methemoglobin content for SMase-treated samples due to the oxidative stress on the RBCs. These findings suggest that PA spectral analysis of RBC death can potentially serve as a biomarker of the efficacy of vascular targeted cancer therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhannad N Fadhel
- Department of Physics, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), Toronto, ON, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eno Hysi
- Department of Physics, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), Toronto, ON, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eric M Strohm
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael C Kolios
- Department of Physics, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), Toronto, ON, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Karjalainen JP, Mononen N, Hutri-Kähönen N, Lehtimäki M, Hilvo M, Kauhanen D, Juonala M, Viikari J, Kähönen M, Raitakari O, Laaksonen R, Lehtimäki T. New evidence from plasma ceramides links apoE polymorphism to greater risk of coronary artery disease in Finnish adults. J Lipid Res 2019; 60:1622-1629. [PMID: 31270131 PMCID: PMC6718445 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m092809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
apoE, a key regulator of plasma lipids, mediates altered functionalities in lipoprotein metabolism and thus affects the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). The significance of different apoE polymorphisms remains unclear; although the ε4 allele is clearly associated with increased cholesterol levels (which inform CAD risk), direct studies about apoE polymorphisms on CAD risk and development have yielded controversial results. Furthermore, certain species of ceramides-complex lipids abundant in plasma LDL-are markers of increased risk of myocardial infarction and cardiovascular death. Using a high-throughput MS approach, we quantified 30 molecular plasma ceramide species from a cohort of 2,160 apoE-genotyped (rs7412, rs429358) young adults enrolled in the population-based Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. We then searched this lipidome data set to identify new indications of pathways influenced by apoE polymorphisms and possibly related to CAD risk. This approach revealed a previously unreported association between apoE polymorphism and a consistently documented high-risk CAD marker, Cer(d18:1/16:0). Compared with the apoE ε3/3 reference group, plasma levels of apoE ε4 were elevated and those of apoE ε2 were lowered in all subjects without evidence of apoE-by-sex interactions. apoE associated with seven ceramides that are connected to atherogenically potent macrophages and/or lipoprotein particles; these associations could indicate a plausible linkage between apoE polymorphism and ceramide metabolism, leading to adverse plasma LDL metabolism and atherogenesis. In conclusion, new evidence from plasma ceramides links apoE polymorphism with an increased risk of CAD and extends our understanding of the role of apoE in health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juho-Pekka Karjalainen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Nina Mononen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Nina Hutri-Kähönen
- Department of Paediatrics Tampere University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Miikael Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | | | | | - Markus Juonala
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, and Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Murdoch Children's Research Institute Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology Tampere University Hospital, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Olli Raitakari
- Centre for Population Health Research University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, and Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Zora Biosciences Oy Espoo, Finland; Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Finnish Clinical Biobank, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Rühle A, Andratschke N, Siva S, Guckenberger M. Is there a role for stereotactic radiotherapy in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma? Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2019; 18:104-112. [PMID: 31341985 PMCID: PMC6630187 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctro.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has traditionally been regarded as radioresistant tumor based on preclinical data and negative clinical trials using conventional fractionated radiotherapy. However, there is emerging evidence that radiotherapy delivered in few fractions with high single-fraction and total doses may overcome RCC s radioresistance. Stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) has been successfully used in the treatment of intra- and extracranial RCC metastases showing high local control rates accompanied by low toxicity. Although surgery is standard of care for non-metastasized RCC, a significant number of patients is medically inoperable or refuse surgery. Alternative local approaches such as radiofrequency ablation or cryoablation are invasive and often restricted to small RCC, so that there is a need for alternative local therapies such as stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). Recently, both retrospective and prospective trials demonstrated that SBRT is an attractive treatment alternative for localized RCC. Here, we present a comprehensive review of the published data regarding SBRT for primary RCC. The radiobiological rationale to use higher radiation doses in few fractions is discussed, and technical aspects enabling the safe delivery of SBRT despite intra- and inter-fraction motion and the proximity to organs at risk are outlined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Rühle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Zurich, University Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicolaus Andratschke
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Zurich, University Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Shankar Siva
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthias Guckenberger
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Zurich, University Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Mantovani A, Bonapace S, Lunardi G, Salgarello M, Dugo C, Gori S, Barbieri E, Verlato G, Laaksonen R, Byrne CD, Targher G. Association of Plasma Ceramides With Myocardial Perfusion in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease Undergoing Stress Myocardial Perfusion Scintigraphy. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 38:2854-2861. [PMID: 30571175 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective- It is known that specific plasma ceramides are associated with stress-induced reversible myocardial perfusion defects in patients with established or suspected coronary artery disease undergoing myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS). However, it is currently uncertain whether plasma ceramides are also associated with reduced poststress myocardial perfusion in these patients. Approach and Results- We measured 6 previously identified high-risk plasma ceramide species (ceramide [d18:1/16:0], ceramide [d18:1/18:0], ceramide [d18:1/20:0], ceramide [d18:1/22:0], ceramide [d18:1/24:0], and ceramide [d18:1/24:1]) in 167 consecutive patients with established or suspected coronary artery disease undergoing stress MPS for clinical indications. Plasma ceramides were measured by a targeted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay both at baseline and after MPS. Multivariable linear regression analysis was undertaken to examine the associations (standardized B coefficients) between plasma ceramides and the percentage of poststress myocardial perfusion after adjustment for multiple cardiovascular risk factors. Seventy-eight patients had stress-induced myocardial ischemia on MPS (mainly located in the anteroapical wall). Of the 6 measured plasma ceramides, higher levels of basal ceramide (d18:1/18:0; B=-0.182; P=0.019), ceramide (d18:1/20:0; B=-0.224; P=0.004), ceramide (d18:1/22:0; B=-0.163; P=0.035), and ceramide (d18:1/24:1; B=-0.20; P=0.010) were associated with lower poststress anteroapical wall perfusion. Notably, these significant associations persisted even after adjustment for conventional cardiovascular risk factors, previous coronary artery disease, electrocardiographic left bundle branch block, left ventricular ejection fraction and type of stress testing. Similar results were observed for poststress plasma ceramides. Conclusions- Higher circulating levels of specific ceramides, both at baseline and after stress, were independently associated with lower poststress anteroapical wall perfusion in patients with suspected or established coronary artery disease referred for clinically indicated MPS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Mantovani
- From the Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Italy (A.M., G.T.)
| | - Stefano Bonapace
- Division of Cardiology (S.B., C.D., E.B.), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Sacro Cuore - Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar (VR), Italy
| | - Gianluigi Lunardi
- Division of Medical Oncology (G.L., S.G.), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Sacro Cuore - Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar (VR), Italy
| | - Matteo Salgarello
- Division of Nuclear Medicine (M.S.), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Sacro Cuore - Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar (VR), Italy
| | - Clementina Dugo
- Division of Cardiology (S.B., C.D., E.B.), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Sacro Cuore - Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar (VR), Italy
| | - Stefania Gori
- Division of Medical Oncology (G.L., S.G.), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Sacro Cuore - Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar (VR), Italy
| | - Enrico Barbieri
- Division of Cardiology (S.B., C.D., E.B.), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Sacro Cuore - Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar (VR), Italy
| | - Giuseppe Verlato
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Medicine and Public Health, University of Verona, Italy (G.V.)
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, University of Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences and Tampere University Hospital, Finland (R.L.).,Zora Biosciences Oy, Espoo, Finland (R.L.)
| | - Christopher D Byrne
- Southampton National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, United Kingdom (C.D.B.).,Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Southampton, United Kingdom (C.D.B.)
| | - Giovanni Targher
- From the Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Italy (A.M., G.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Novel treatment planning approaches to enhance the therapeutic ratio: targeting the molecular mechanisms of radiation therapy. Clin Transl Oncol 2019; 22:447-456. [PMID: 31254253 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-019-02165-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Radiation acts not only through cell death but has also angiogenic, immunomodulatory and bystander effects. The realization of its systemic implications has led to extensive research on the combination of radiotherapy with systemic treatments, including immunotherapy and antiangiogenic agents. Parameters such as dose, fractionation and sequencing of treatments are key determinants of the outcome. However, recent high-quality research indicates that these are not the only radiation therapy parameters that influence its systemic effect. To effectively integrate systemic agents with radiation therapy, these new aspects of radiation therapy planning will have to be taken into consideration in future clinical trials. Our aim is to review these new treatment planning parameters that can influence the balance between contradicting effects of radiation therapy so as to enhance the therapeutic ratio.
Collapse
|
43
|
Andrews NW. Solving the secretory acid sphingomyelinase puzzle: Insights from lysosome-mediated parasite invasion and plasma membrane repair. Cell Microbiol 2019; 21:e13065. [PMID: 31155842 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.13065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) is a lysosomal enzyme that cleaves the phosphorylcholine head group of sphingomyelin, generating ceramide. Recessive mutations in SMPD1, the gene encoding ASM, cause Niemann-Pick Disease Types A and B. These disorders are attributed not only to lipid accumulation inside lysosomes but also to changes on the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane, highlighting an extracellular role for ASM. Secretion of ASM occurs under physiological conditions, and earlier studies proposed two forms of the enzyme, one resident in lysosomes and another form that would be diverted to the secretory pathway. Such differential intracellular trafficking has been difficult to explain because there is only one SMPD1 transcript that generates an active enzyme, found primarily inside lysosomes. Unexpectedly, studies of cell invasion by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi revealed that conventional lysosomes can fuse with the plasma membrane in response to elevations in intracellular Ca2+ , releasing their contents extracellularly. ASM exocytosed from lysosomes remodels the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane, promoting parasite invasion and wound repair. Here, we discuss the possibility that ASM release during lysosomal exocytosis, in response to various forms of stress, may represent a major source of the secretory form of this enzyme.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Norma W Andrews
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Benitez-Amaro A, Pallara C, Nasarre L, Rivas-Urbina A, Benitez S, Vea A, Bornachea O, de Gonzalo-Calvo D, Serra-Mir G, Villegas S, Prades R, Sanchez-Quesada JL, Chiva C, Sabido E, Tarragó T, Llorente-Cortés V. Molecular basis for the protective effects of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1)-derived peptides against LDL aggregation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2019; 1861:1302-1316. [PMID: 31077676 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Aggregated LDL is the first ligand reported to interact with the cluster II CR9 domain of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1). In particular, the C-terminal half of domain CR9, comprising the region Gly1127-Cys1140 exclusively recognizes aggregated LDL and it is crucial for aggregated LDL binding. Our aim was to study the effect of the sequence Gly1127-Cys1140 (named peptide LP3 and its retro-enantio version, named peptide DP3) on the structural characteristics of sphingomyelinase- (SMase) and phospholipase 2 (PLA2)-modified LDL particles. Turbidimetry, gel filtration chromatography (GFC) and transmission electronic microscopy (TEM) analysis showed that LP3 and DP3 peptides strongly inhibited SMase- and PLA2-induced LDL aggregation. Nondenaturing polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis (GGE), agarose gel electrophoresis and high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) indicated that LP3 and DP3 prevented SMase-induced alterations in LDL particle size, electric charge and phospholipid content, respectively, but not those induced by PLA2. Western blot analysis showed that LP3 and DP3 counteracted changes in ApoB-100 conformation induced by the two enzymes. LDL proteomics (LDL trypsin digestion followed by mass spectroscopy) and computational modeling methods evidenced that peptides preserve ApoB-100 conformation due to their electrostatic interactions with a basic region of ApoB-100. These results demonstrate that LRP1-derived peptides are protective against LDL aggregation, even in conditions of extreme lipolysis, through their capacity to bind to ApoB-100 regions critical for ApoB-100 conformational preservation. These results suggests that these LRP1(CR9) derived peptides could be promising tools to prevent LDL aggregation induced by the main proteolytic enzymes acting in the arterial intima.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleyda Benitez-Amaro
- Group of Lipids and Cardiovascular Pathology, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Chiara Pallara
- Iproteos S.L., Barcelona Science Park (PCB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Nasarre
- Group of Lipids and Cardiovascular Pathology, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Rivas-Urbina
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Research Institute of the Hospital de Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sonia Benitez
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Research Institute of the Hospital de Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angela Vea
- Group of Lipids and Cardiovascular Pathology, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Bornachea
- Group of Lipids and Cardiovascular Pathology, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - David de Gonzalo-Calvo
- Group of Lipids and Cardiovascular Pathology, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERcv), Spain
| | - Gabriel Serra-Mir
- Protein Design and Immunotherapy Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Villegas
- Protein Design and Immunotherapy Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roger Prades
- Iproteos S.L., Barcelona Science Park (PCB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Luís Sanchez-Quesada
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Research Institute of the Hospital de Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER DIABETES y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), Spain
| | - Cristina Chiva
- Proteomics Unit, Centre de Regulació Genòmica, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Sabido
- Proteomics Unit, Centre de Regulació Genòmica, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Tarragó
- Iproteos S.L., Barcelona Science Park (PCB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicenta Llorente-Cortés
- Group of Lipids and Cardiovascular Pathology, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERcv), Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Inhibition of acid sphingomyelinase activity ameliorates endothelial dysfunction in db/db mice. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20182144. [PMID: 30910852 PMCID: PMC6481240 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20182144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Acid sphingomyelinase (aSMase) plays an important role in endothelial dysfunction. Here, we show that elevated aSMase activity and ceramide content were reduced by desipramine treatment in diabetic animals. The inhibitor of aSMase, desipramine, improved vascular dysfunction in db/db mice. High glucose (HG)-induced up-regulation of aSMase activity and ceramide levels were restored by treatment with aSMase siRNA or desipramine in endothelial cells. In addition, aSMase siRNA or desipramine treatment increased the release of nitric oxide (NO) and the phosphorylation of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) in diabetic mouse aortas and aortic endothelial cells with HG. These results indicate that inhibition of aSMase/ceramide pathway improves endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation (EDR) largely through regulating the eNOS/NO pathway in diabetic animals.
Collapse
|
46
|
Nivet A, Schlienger M, Clavère P, Huguet F. Effets de l’irradiation à haute dose sur la vascularisation : physiopathologie et conséquences cliniques. Cancer Radiother 2019; 23:161-167. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
47
|
Leurs C, Lopes Pinheiro M, Wierts L, den Hoedt S, Mulder M, Eijlers A, Schoonheim M, Balk L, Uitdehaag B, Killestein J, de Vries H. Acid sphingomyelinase: No potential as a biomarker for multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2019; 28:44-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2018.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
48
|
Role of Bioactive Sphingolipids in Inflammation and Eye Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1161:149-167. [PMID: 31562629 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-21735-8_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a common underlying factor in a diversity of ocular diseases, ranging from macular degeneration, autoimmune uveitis, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy and microbial infection. In addition to the variety of known cellular mediators of inflammation, such as cytokines, chemokines and lipid mediators, there is now considerable evidence that sphingolipid metabolites also play a central role in the regulation of inflammatory pathways. Various sphingolipid metabolites, such as ceramide (Cer), ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P), sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), and lactosylceramide (LacCer) can contribute to ocular inflammatory diseases through multiple pathways. For example, inflammation generates Cer from sphingomyelins (SM) in the plasma membrane, which induces death receptor ligand formation and leads to apoptosis of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) and photoreceptor cells. Inflammatory stress by reactive oxygen species leads to LacCer accumulation and S1P secretion and induces proliferation of retinal endothelial cells and eventual formation of new vessels. In sphingolipid/lysosomal storage disorders, sphingolipid metabolites accumulate in lysosomes and can cause ocular disorders that have an inflammatory etiology. Sphingolipid metabolites activate complement factors in the immune-response mediated pathogenesis of macular degeneration. These examples highlight the integral association between sphingolipids and inflammation in ocular diseases.
Collapse
|
49
|
Niimi Y, Ito S, Mizutani Y, Murate K, Shima S, Ueda A, Satake W, Hattori N, Toda T, Mutoh T. Altered regulation of serum lysosomal acid hydrolase activities in Parkinson's disease: A potential peripheral biomarker? Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2018; 61:132-137. [PMID: 30415794 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2018.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent studies have indicated that lysosomal dysfunction contributes to the development of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD). It is uncertain whether dysregulation of serum lysosomal acid hydrolase activity exists in sporadic PD patients compared with normal controls (NCs) and parkinsonian syndrome (PS) patients. METHODS Sporadic PD patients without GBA1 mutations (n = 68) were matched with normal controls (n = 45), and parkinsonian syndrome patients (n = 32) in terms of family history, age, and sex. We measured the activities of lysosomal enzymes, α-galactosidase, β-galactosidase, and β-hexosaminidase and examined the possible correlations between lysosomal acid hydrolase activities with age in NCs, PD, and PS patients. RESULTS β-Galactosidase activity was significantly higher in the PD and PS than in the NC group (P < 0.001). The β-galactosidase to α-galactosidase and β-hexosaminidase to β-galactosidase activity ratios were more useful for distinguishing PD and PS patients from NCs (P < 0.0001). Furthermore, α-galactosidase activity was significantly higher in PS patients than both PD and NC groups (p = 0.04). β-Galactosidase and α-galactosidase activities exhibited a statistically significant negative correlation with age in NCs, and β-hexosaminidase activity showed a positive correlation with age in PS. However, PD patients did not show any of these correlations. CONCLUSION Our results suggest the presence of an unknown regulatory mechanism(s) of serum acid hydrolase activities with aging in the normal population and abnormalities in their regulation in PD and PS patients. However, the pattern of dysregulation in these two groups is different. Thus, serum lysosomal acid hydrolase activity can be used as a peripheral biomarker for PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Niimi
- Department of Neurology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Shinji Ito
- Department of Neurology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Mizutani
- Department of Neurology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Murate
- Department of Neurology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Sayuri Shima
- Department of Neurology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Akihiro Ueda
- Department of Neurology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Wataru Satake
- Division of Neurology/Molecular Brain Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsushi Toda
- Division of Neurology/Molecular Brain Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Mutoh
- Department of Neurology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
McKelvey KJ, Hudson AL, Back M, Eade T, Diakos CI. Radiation, inflammation and the immune response in cancer. Mamm Genome 2018; 29:843-865. [PMID: 30178305 PMCID: PMC6267675 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-018-9777-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Radiation is an important component of cancer treatment with more than half of all patients receive radiotherapy during their cancer experience. While the impact of radiation on tumour morphology is routinely examined in the pre-clinical and clinical setting, the impact of radiation on the tumour microenvironment and more specifically the inflammatory/immune response is less well characterised. Inflammation is a key contributor to short- and long-term cancer eradication, with significant tumour and normal tissue consequences. Therefore, the role of radiation in modulating the inflammatory response is highly topical given the current wave of targeted and immuno-therapeutic treatments for cancer. This review provides a general overview of how radiation modulates the inflammatory and immune response—(i) how radiation induces the inflammatory/immune system, (ii) the cellular changes that take place, (iii) how radiation dose delivery affects the immune response, and (iv) a discussion on research directions to improve patient survival, reduce side effects, improve quality of life, and reduce financial costs in the immediate future. Harnessing the benefits of radiation on the immune response will enhance its maximal therapeutic benefit and reduce radiation-induced toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly J McKelvey
- Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Northern Sydney Local Health District Research and the Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia. .,Sydney Neuro-Oncology Group, North Shore Private Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia. .,Sydney Vital Translational Research Centre, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia.
| | - Amanda L Hudson
- Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Northern Sydney Local Health District Research and the Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia.,Sydney Neuro-Oncology Group, North Shore Private Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia.,Sydney Vital Translational Research Centre, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia
| | - Michael Back
- Sydney Neuro-Oncology Group, North Shore Private Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia.,Northern Sydney Cancer Centre, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia
| | - Tom Eade
- Northern Sydney Cancer Centre, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia
| | - Connie I Diakos
- Sydney Vital Translational Research Centre, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia.,Northern Sydney Cancer Centre, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia
| |
Collapse
|