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Wang L, He X, Hu G, Liu J, Kang X, Yu L, Dong K, Zhao J, Zhang A, Zhang W, Brands MW, Su H, Zheng Z, Zhou J. A novel mouse model carrying a gene trap insertion into the Hmgxb4 gene locus to examine Hmgxb4 expression in vivo. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e16014. [PMID: 38644513 PMCID: PMC11033291 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.16014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
HMG (high mobility group) proteins are a diverse family of nonhistone chromosomal proteins that interact with DNA and a wide range of transcriptional regulators to regulate the structural architecture of DNA. HMGXB4 (also known as HMG2L1) is an HMG protein family member that contains a single HMG box domain. Our previous studies have demonstrated that HMGXB4 suppresses smooth muscle differentiation and exacerbates endotoxemia by promoting a systemic inflammatory response in mice. However, the expression of Hmgxb4 in vivo has not fully examined. Herein, we generated a mouse model that harbors a gene trap in the form of a lacZ gene insertion into the Hmgxb4 gene. This mouse enables the visualization of endogenous HMGXB4 expression in different tissues via staining for the β-galactosidase activity of LacZ which is under the control of the endogenous Hmgxb4 gene promoter. We found that HMGXB4 is widely expressed in mouse tissues and is a nuclear protein. Furthermore, the Hmgxb4 gene trap mice exhibit normal cardiac function and blood pressure. Measurement of β-galactosidase activity in the Hmgxb4 gene trap mice demonstrated that the arterial injury significantly induces Hmgxb4 expression. In summary, the Hmgxb4 gene trap reporter mouse described here provides a valuable tool to examine the expression level of endogenous Hmgxb4 in both physiological and pathological settings in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of GeorgiaAugusta UniversityAugustaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Xiangqin He
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of GeorgiaAugusta UniversityAugustaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Guoqing Hu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of GeorgiaAugusta UniversityAugustaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Jinhua Liu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of GeorgiaAugusta UniversityAugustaGeorgiaUSA
- Department of Respiratory MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Xiuhua Kang
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of GeorgiaAugusta UniversityAugustaGeorgiaUSA
- Department of Respiratory MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Luyi Yu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of GeorgiaAugusta UniversityAugustaGeorgiaUSA
- Department of Respiratory MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Kunzhe Dong
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of GeorgiaAugusta UniversityAugustaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Juanjuan Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of GeorgiaAugusta UniversityAugustaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Aizhen Zhang
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of GeorgiaAugusta UniversityAugustaGeorgiaUSA
- Training CenterGuangxi Medical CollegeNanningChina
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | | | - Huabo Su
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of GeorgiaAugusta UniversityAugustaGeorgiaUSA
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of GeorgiaAugusta UniversityAugustaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Zeqi Zheng
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Jiliang Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of GeorgiaAugusta UniversityAugustaGeorgiaUSA
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Embryonic organizer formation disorder leads to multiorgan dysplasia in Down syndrome. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:1054. [PMID: 36535930 PMCID: PMC9763398 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05517-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Despite the high prevalence of Down syndrome (DS) and early identification of the cause (trisomy 21), its molecular pathogenesis has been poorly understood and specific treatments have consequently been practically unavailable. A number of medical conditions throughout the body associated with DS have prompted us to investigate its molecular etiology from the viewpoint of the embryonic organizer, which can steer the development of surrounding cells into specific organs and tissues. We established a DS zebrafish model by overexpressing the human DYRK1A gene, a highly haploinsufficient gene located at the "critical region" within 21q22. We found that both embryonic organizer and body axis were significantly impaired during early embryogenesis, producing abnormalities of the nervous, heart, visceral, and blood systems, similar to those observed with DS. Quantitative phosphoproteome analysis and related assays demonstrated that the DYRK1A-overexpressed zebrafish embryos had anomalous phosphorylation of β-catenin and Hsp90ab1, resulting in Wnt signaling enhancement and TGF-β inhibition. We found an uncovered ectopic molecular mechanism present in amniocytes from fetuses diagnosed with DS and isolated hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) of DS patients. Importantly, the abnormal proliferation of DS HSCs could be recovered by switching the balance between Wnt and TGF-β signaling in vitro. Our findings provide a novel molecular pathogenic mechanism in which ectopic Wnt and TGF-β lead to DS physical dysplasia, suggesting potential targeted therapies for DS.
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Li J, Wang J, Liu D, Tao C, Zhao J, Wang W. Establishment and validation of a novel prognostic model for lower-grade glioma based on senescence-related genes. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1018942. [PMID: 36341390 PMCID: PMC9633681 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1018942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Increasing studies have indicated that senescence was associated with tumorigenesis and progression. Lower-grade glioma (LGG) presented a less invasive nature, however, its treatment efficacy and prognosis prediction remained challenging due to the intrinsic heterogeneity. Therefore, we established a senescence-related signature and investigated its prognostic role in LGGs. Methods The gene expression data and clinicopathologic features were from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The experimentally validated senescence genes (SnGs) from the CellAge database were obtained. Then LASSO regression has been performed to build a prognostic model. Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were performed to investigate the prognostic value of the SnG-risk score. A nomogram model has been constructed for outcome prediction. Immunological analyses were further performed. Data from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA), Repository of Molecular Brain Neoplasia Data (REMBRANDT), and GSE16011 were used for validation. Results The 6-SnG signature has been established. The results showed SnG-risk score could be considered as an independent predictor for LGG patients (HR=2.763, 95%CI=1.660-4.599, P<0.001). The high SnG-risk score indicated a worse outcome in LGG (P<0.001). Immune analysis showed a positive correlation between the SnG-risk score and immune infiltration level, and the expression of immune checkpoints. The CGGA datasets confirmed the prognostic role of the SnG-risk score. And Kaplan-Meier analyses in the additional datasets (CGGA, REMBRANDT, and GSE16011) validated the prognostic role of the SnG-signature (P<0.001 for all). Conclusion The SnG-related prognostic model could predict the survival of LGG accurately. This study proposed a novel indicator for predicting the prognosis of LGG and provided potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsheng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
- Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China
- Beijing Translational Engineering Center for 3D Printer in Clinical Neuroscience, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
- Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China
- Beijing Translational Engineering Center for 3D Printer in Clinical Neuroscience, Beijing, China
| | - Dongjing Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
- Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China
- Beijing Translational Engineering Center for 3D Printer in Clinical Neuroscience, Beijing, China
| | - Chuming Tao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jizong Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
- Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China
- Beijing Translational Engineering Center for 3D Printer in Clinical Neuroscience, Beijing, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Wen Wang, ; Jizong Zhao,
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
- Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China
- Beijing Translational Engineering Center for 3D Printer in Clinical Neuroscience, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Wen Wang, ; Jizong Zhao,
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Yin C, Sun Z, Ji C, Li F, Wu H. Toxicological effects of tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate in oyster Crassostrea gigas using proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 434:128824. [PMID: 35427976 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As a typical organophosphorus pollutant, tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCIPP) has been widely detected in aquatic environment. Previous studies showed that protein phosphorylation might be a vital way of TDCIPP to exert multiple toxic effects. However, there is a lack of high-throughput investigations on how TDCIPP affected protein phosphorylation. In this study, the toxicological effects of TDCIPP were explored by proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses together with traditional means in oysters Crassostrea gigas treated with 0.5, 5 and 50 μg/L TDCIPP for 28 days. Integration of omic analyses revealed that TDCIPP dysregulated transcription, energy metabolism, and apoptosis and cell proliferation by either directly phosphorylating pivotal proteins or phosphorylating their upstream signaling pathways. The U-shaped response of acetylcholinesterase activities suggested the neurotoxicity of TDCIPP in a hormesis manner. What's more, the increase in caspase-9 activity as well as the expression or phosphorylation alterations in eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E, cell division control protein 42 and transforming growth factor-β1-induced protein indicated the disruption of homeostasis between apoptosis and cell proliferation, which was consistent with the observation of shedding of digestive cells. Overall, combination of proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses showed the capability of identifying molecular events, which provided new insights into the toxicological mechanisms of TDCIPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Zuodeng Sun
- Shandong Fisheries Development and Resource Conservation Center, Ji'nan 250013, PR China
| | - Chenglong Ji
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Qingdao 266071, PR China.
| | - Fei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Huifeng Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Qingdao 266071, PR China.
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Leach DA, Fernandes RC, Bevan CL. Cellular specificity of androgen receptor, coregulators, and pioneer factors in prostate cancer. ENDOCRINE ONCOLOGY (BRISTOL, ENGLAND) 2022; 2:R112-R131. [PMID: 37435460 PMCID: PMC10259329 DOI: 10.1530/eo-22-0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Androgen signalling, through the transcription factor androgen receptor (AR), is vital to all stages of prostate development and most prostate cancer progression. AR signalling controls differentiation, morphogenesis, and function of the prostate. It also drives proliferation and survival in prostate cancer cells as the tumour progresses; given this importance, it is the main therapeutic target for disseminated disease. AR is also essential in the surrounding stroma, for the embryonic development of the prostate and controlling epithelial glandular development. Stromal AR is also important in cancer initiation, regulating paracrine factors that excite cancer cell proliferation, but lower stromal AR expression correlates with shorter time to progression/worse outcomes. The profile of AR target genes is different between benign and cancerous epithelial cells, between castrate-resistant prostate cancer cells and treatment-naïve cancer cells, between metastatic and primary cancer cells, and between epithelial cells and fibroblasts. This is also true of AR DNA-binding profiles. Potentially regulating the cellular specificity of AR binding and action are pioneer factors and coregulators, which control and influence the ability of AR to bind to chromatin and regulate gene expression. The expression of these factors differs between benign and cancerous cells, as well as throughout disease progression. The expression profile is also different between fibroblast and mesenchymal cell types. The functional importance of coregulators and pioneer factors in androgen signalling makes them attractive therapeutic targets, but given the contextual expression of these factors, it is essential to understand their roles in different cancerous and cell-lineage states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien A Leach
- Division of Cancer, Imperial Centre for Translational & Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - Rayzel C Fernandes
- Division of Cancer, Imperial Centre for Translational & Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - Charlotte L Bevan
- Division of Cancer, Imperial Centre for Translational & Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
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Dong K, Shen J, He X, Hu G, Wang L, Osman I, Bunting KM, Dixon-Melvin R, Zheng Z, Xin H, Xiang M, Vazdarjanova A, Fulton DJR, Zhou J. CARMN Is an Evolutionarily Conserved Smooth Muscle Cell-Specific LncRNA That Maintains Contractile Phenotype by Binding Myocardin. Circulation 2021; 144:1856-1875. [PMID: 34694145 PMCID: PMC8726016 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.121.055949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular homeostasis is maintained by the differentiated phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The landscape of protein coding genes comprising the transcriptome of differentiated VSMCs has been intensively investigated but many gaps remain including the emerging roles of noncoding genes. METHODS We reanalyzed large-scale, publicly available bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing datasets from multiple tissues and cell types to identify VSMC-enriched long noncoding RNAs. The in vivo expression pattern of a novel smooth muscle cell (SMC)-expressed long noncoding RNA, Carmn (cardiac mesoderm enhancer-associated noncoding RNA), was investigated using a novel Carmn green fluorescent protein knock-in reporter mouse model. Bioinformatics and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis were used to assess CARMN expression changes during VSMC phenotypic modulation in human and murine vascular disease models. In vitro, functional assays were performed by knocking down CARMN with antisense oligonucleotides and overexpressing Carmn by adenovirus in human coronary artery SMCs. Carotid artery injury was performed in SMC-specific Carmn knockout mice to assess neointima formation and the therapeutic potential of reversing CARMN loss was tested in a rat carotid artery balloon injury model. The molecular mechanisms underlying CARMN function were investigated using RNA pull-down, RNA immunoprecipitation, and luciferase reporter assays. RESULTS We identified CARMN, which was initially annotated as the host gene of the MIR143/145 cluster and recently reported to play a role in cardiac differentiation, as a highly abundant and conserved, SMC-specific long noncoding RNA. Analysis of the Carmn GFP knock-in mouse model confirmed that Carmn is transiently expressed in embryonic cardiomyocytes and thereafter becomes restricted to SMCs. We also found that Carmn is transcribed independently of Mir143/145. CARMN expression is dramatically decreased by vascular disease in humans and murine models and regulates the contractile phenotype of VSMCs in vitro. In vivo, SMC-specific deletion of Carmn significantly exacerbated, whereas overexpression of Carmn markedly attenuated, injury-induced neointima formation in mouse and rat, respectively. Mechanistically, we found that Carmn physically binds to the key transcriptional cofactor myocardin, facilitating its activity and thereby maintaining the contractile phenotype of VSMCs. CONCLUSIONS CARMN is an evolutionarily conserved SMC-specific long noncoding RNA with a previously unappreciated role in maintaining the contractile phenotype of VSMCs and is the first noncoding RNA discovered to interact with myocardin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunzhe Dong
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, 30912, USA
| | - Jian Shen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, 30912, USA
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Xiangqin He
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, 30912, USA
| | - Guoqing Hu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, 30912, USA
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, 30912, USA
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Islam Osman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, 30912, USA
| | - Kristopher M. Bunting
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, 30912, USA
| | - Rachael Dixon-Melvin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, 30912, USA
| | - Zeqi Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Hongbo Xin
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330031, China
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330031, China
| | - Meixiang Xiang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Almira Vazdarjanova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, 30912, USA
| | - David J. R. Fulton
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, 30912, USA
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, 30912, USA
| | - Jiliang Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, 30912, USA
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Zhou Z, Zhu Y, Zhang Z, Jiang T, Ling Z, Yang B, Li W. Comparative Analysis of Promoters and Enhancers in the Pituitary Glands of the Bama Xiang and Large White Pigs. Front Genet 2021; 12:697994. [PMID: 34367256 PMCID: PMC8343535 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.697994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The epigenetic regulation of gene expression is implicated in complex diseases in humans and various phenotypes in other species. There has been little exploration of regulatory elements in the pig. Here, we performed chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with high-throughput sequencing (ChIP-Seq) to profile histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) and histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27ac) in the pituitary gland of adult Bama Xiang and Large White pigs, which have divergent evolutionary histories and large phenotypic differences. We identified a total of 65,044 non-redundant regulatory regions, including 23,680 H3K4me3 peaks and 61,791 H3K27ac peaks (12,318 proximal and 49,473 distal), augmenting the catalog of pituitary regulatory elements in pigs. We found 793 H3K4me3 and 3,602 H3K27ac peaks that show differential activity between the two breeds, overlapping with genes involved in the Notch signaling pathway, response to growth hormone (GH), thyroid hormone signaling pathway, and immune system, and enriched for binding motifs of transcription factors (TFs), including JunB, ATF3, FRA1, and BATF. We further identified 2,025 non-redundant super enhancers from H3K27ac ChIP-seq data, among which 302 were shared in all samples of cover genes enriched for biological processes related to pituitary function. This study generated a valuable dataset of H3K4me3 and H3K27ac regions in porcine pituitary glands and revealed H3K4me3 and H3K27ac peaks with differential activity between Bama Xiang and Large White pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yaling Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China.,Laboratory Animal Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ziqi Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wanbo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China.,Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
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Mukherjee S, Biswas D, Epari S, Shetty P, Moiyadi A, Ball GR, Srivastava S. Comprehensive proteomic analysis reveals distinct functional modules associated with skull base and supratentorial meningiomas and perturbations in collagen pathway components. J Proteomics 2021; 246:104303. [PMID: 34174477 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2021.104303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Meningiomas are brain tumors that originate from the meninges and has been primarily classified into three grades by the current WHO guidelines. Although widely prevalent and can be managed by surgery there are instances when the tumors are located in difficult regions. This results in considerable challenges for complete surgical resection and further clinical management. While the genetic signature of the skull base tumors is now known to be different from the non-skull base tumors, there is a lack of information at the functional aspects of these tumors at the proteomic level. Thus, the current study thereby aims to obtain mechanistic insights between the two radiologically distinct groups of meningiomas, namely the skull base & supratentorial (non-skull base-NSB) regions. We have employed a comprehensive mass spectrometry-based label-free quantitative proteomic analysis in Skull base and supratentorial meningiomas. Further, we have used an Artificial Neural Networking employing a sparse Multilayer perceptron (MLP) architecture to predict protein concordance. A patient-derived spectral library has been employed for a novel peptide-level validation of proteins that are specific to the radiological regions using the SRM assay based targeted proteomics approach. The comprehensive proteomics enabled the identification of nearly 4000 proteins with high confidence (1%FDR ≥ 2 unique peptides) among which 170 proteins were differentially abundant in Skull base vs Supratentorial tumors (p-value ≤0.05). In silico analysis enabled mapping of the major alterations and hinted towards an overall perturbation of extracellular matrix and collagen biosynthesis components in the non-skull base meningiomas and a prominent perturbation of molecular trafficking in the skull base meningiomas. Therefore, this study has yielded novel insights into the functional association of the proteins that are differentially abundant in the two radiological subgroups. SIGNIFICANCE: In the current study, we have performed label-free proteomic analysis on fresh frozen tissue of 14 Supratentorial (NSB) and 7 Skull base meningiomas to assess perturbations in the global proteome, we have further employed an in-depth in silico analysis to map the pathways that have enabled functional mapping of the differentially abundant proteins in the Skull base and Supratentorial tumors. The findings from the above were also subjected to a machine learning-based neural networking to find out the proteins that have the most concordance of occurrence to determine the most influential proteins of the network. We further validated the differential abundance of identified protein markers in a larger patient cohort of Skull base and Supratentorial employing targeted proteomics approach to validate key protein candidates emerging from ours and other recent studies. The previous studies that have explored the skull base and convexity meningiomas have been able to reveal alterations in the genetic mutations in these tumor types. However, there are not many studies that have explored the functional aspects of these tumors, especially at the proteome level. We have attempted for the first time to map the functional modules associated with altered proteins in these tumors and have been able to identify that there is a possibility that the Skull base meningiomas to be considerably different from the Non-skull base (NSB) tumors in terms of the perturbed pathways. Our study employed global as well as targeted proteomics to examine the proteomic alterations in these two tumor groups. The study indicates that proteins that were more abundant in Skull base tumors were part of molecular transport components, non-skull base proteins majorly mapped to the components of extracellular matrix remodeling pathways. In conclusion, this study substantiates the distinction in the proteomic signatures in the skull base and supratentorial meningiomas paving way for further investigation of the identified markers for determining if some of these proteins can be used for therapeutic interventions for cases that pose considerable challenges for complete resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuvolina Mukherjee
- Proteomics Lab, Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, Maharashtra, India; Department of Immunotechnology, Lund University, Medicon Village, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Deeptarup Biswas
- Proteomics Lab, Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sridhar Epari
- Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Dr. E Borges Road, Parel, Mumbai 400 012, India
| | - Prakash Shetty
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Dr. E Borges Road, Parel, Mumbai 400 012, India
| | - Aliasgar Moiyadi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Dr. E Borges Road, Parel, Mumbai 400 012, India
| | - Graham Roy Ball
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Sanjeeva Srivastava
- Proteomics Lab, Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, Maharashtra, India.
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Ran R, Cai D, King SD, Que X, Bath JM, Chen SY. Surfactant Protein A, a Novel Regulator for Smooth Muscle Phenotypic Modulation and Vascular Remodeling-Brief Report. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:808-814. [PMID: 33267655 PMCID: PMC8105259 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.314622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to determine the role of SPA (surfactant protein A) in vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) phenotypic modulation and vascular remodeling. Approach and Results: PDGF-BB (Platelet-derived growth factor-BB) and serum induced SPA expression while downregulating SMC marker gene expression in SMCs. SPA deficiency increased the contractile protein expression. Mechanistically, SPA deficiency enhanced the expression of myocardin and TGF (transforming growth factor)-β, the key regulators for contractile SMC phenotype. In vivo, SPA was induced in medial and neointimal SMCs following mechanical injury in both rat and mouse carotid arteries. SPA knockout in mice dramatically attenuated the wire injury-induced intimal hyperplasia while restoring SMC contractile protein expression in medial SMCs. These data indicate that SPA plays an important role in SMC phenotype modulation and vascular remodeling in vivo. CONCLUSIONS SPA is a novel protein factor modulating SMC phenotype. Blocking the abnormal elevation of SPA may be a potential strategy to inhibit the development of proliferative vascular diseases.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Becaplermin/pharmacology
- Carotid Arteries/drug effects
- Carotid Arteries/metabolism
- Carotid Arteries/pathology
- Carotid Artery Injuries/genetics
- Carotid Artery Injuries/metabolism
- Carotid Artery Injuries/pathology
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Hyperplasia
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Neointima
- Nuclear Proteins/metabolism
- Phenotype
- Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein A/genetics
- Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein A/metabolism
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Signal Transduction
- Trans-Activators/metabolism
- Transforming Growth Factor beta1/metabolism
- Vascular Remodeling/drug effects
- Mice
- Rats
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Ran
- Departments of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Dunpeng Cai
- Departments of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO
- Department of Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO
| | - Skylar D. King
- Departments of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO
| | - Xingyi Que
- Departments of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO
| | - Jonathan M. Bath
- Departments of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO
- The Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, MO 65212
| | - Shi-You Chen
- Departments of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
- Department of Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO
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10
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Alpha KM, Xu W, Turner CE. Paxillin family of focal adhesion adaptor proteins and regulation of cancer cell invasion. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 355:1-52. [PMID: 32859368 PMCID: PMC7737098 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2020.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The paxillin family of proteins, including paxillin, Hic-5, and leupaxin, are focal adhesion adaptor/scaffolding proteins which localize to cell-matrix adhesions and are important in cell adhesion and migration of both normal and cancer cells. Historically, the role of these proteins in regulating the actin cytoskeleton through focal adhesion-mediated signaling has been well documented. However, studies in recent years have revealed additional functions in modulating the microtubule and intermediate filament cytoskeletons to affect diverse processes including cell polarization, vesicle trafficking and mechanosignaling. Expression of paxillin family proteins in stromal cells is also important in regulating tumor cell migration and invasion through non-cell autonomous effects on the extracellular matrix. Both paxillin and Hic-5 can also influence gene expression through a variety of mechanisms, while their own expression is frequently dysregulated in various cancers. Accordingly, these proteins may serve as valuable targets for novel diagnostic and treatment approaches in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle M Alpha
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Weiyi Xu
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Christopher E Turner
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States.
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11
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RhoA inhibitor-eluting stent attenuates restenosis by inhibiting YAP signaling. J Vasc Surg 2019; 69:1581-1589.e1. [PMID: 31010523 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2018.04.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Current drug-eluting stent (DES) treatment is promising, but it still has the drawback of in-stent restenosis, which remains a clinically relevant problem. Efforts should be made to discover new signaling molecules and novel potential targets for the prevention of arterial restenosis. In this study, we fabricated a novel DES targeting the RhoA pathway and further examined this promising strategy in vitro and in a rabbit carotid model. METHODS Active RhoA expression is correlated with the synthetic smooth muscle phenotype, and the RhoA inhibitor rhosin suppresses this phenotypic modulation at both transcriptional and translational levels. We further demonstrated that the RhoA inhibitor rhosin might act through the YAP pathway in smooth muscle cell phenotype modulation by a gain-of-function assay. Moreover, we fabricated a RhoA inhibitor-eluting stent and tested it in a rabbit carotid model. RESULTS Compared with a bare-metal stent, the RhoA inhibitor-eluting stent significantly attenuated neointimal formation at 6 months. However, overexpression of YAP by lentivirus blocked the antirestenosis effect of the RhoA inhibitor-eluting stent and repressed smooth muscle-specific genes. CONCLUSIONS RhoA inhibitor-eluting stents attenuate neointimal formation through inhibition of the YAP signaling pathway. This novel DES may represent a potential strategy for the treatment of in-stent restenosis.
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12
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Wu JR, You RI, Hu CT, Cheng CC, Rudy R, Wu WS. Hydrogen peroxide inducible clone-5 sustains NADPH oxidase-dependent reactive oxygen species-c-jun N-terminal kinase signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncogenesis 2019; 8:40. [PMID: 31387985 PMCID: PMC6684519 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-019-0149-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Target therapy aiming at critical molecules within the metastatic signal pathways is essential for prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. Hic-5 (hydrogen peroxide inducible clone-5) which belongs to the paxillin superfamily, can be stimulated by a lot of metastatic factors, such as transforming growth factor (TGF-β), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Previous studies implicated Hic-5 cross-talks with the ROS-c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signal cascade in a positive feedback manner. In this report, we addressed this issue in a comprehensive manner. By RNA interference and ectopic Hic-5 expression, we demonstrated Hic-5 was essential for activation of NADPH oxidase and ROS generation leading to activation of downstream JNK and c-jun transcription factor. This was initiated by interaction of Hic-5 with the regulator and adaptor of NADPH oxidase, Rac1 and Traf4, respectively, which may further phosphorylate the nonreceptor tyrosine kinase Pyk2 at Tyr881. On the other hand, promoter activity assay coupled with deletion mapping and site directed mutagenesis strategies demonstrated the distal c-jun and AP4 putative binding regions (943–1126 bp upstream of translational start site) were required for transcriptional activation of Hic-5. Thus Hic-5 was both downstream and upstream of NADPH oxidase-ROS-JNK-c-jun cascade. This signal circuit was essential for regulating the expression of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) factors, such as Snail, Zeb1, E-cadherin, and matrix metalloproteinase 9, involved in HCC cell migration and metastasis. Due to the limited expression of Hic-5 in normal tissue, it can be a promising therapeutic target for preventing HCC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ru Wu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ren-In You
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Tan Hu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.,Research Centre for Hepatology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Chu Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Rudy Rudy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Sheng Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan. .,Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
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13
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Transcription factor TEAD1 is essential for vascular development by promoting vascular smooth muscle differentiation. Cell Death Differ 2019; 26:2790-2806. [PMID: 31024075 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-019-0335-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
TEAD1 (TEA domain transcription factor 1), a transcription factor known for the functional output of Hippo signaling, is important for tumorigenesis. However, the role of TEAD1 in the development of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) is unknown. To investigate cell-specific role of Tead1, we generated cardiomyocyte (CMC) and VSMC-specific Tead1 knockout mice. We found CMC/VSMC-specific deletion of Tead1 led to embryonic lethality by E14.5 in mice due to hypoplastic cardiac and vascular walls, as a result of impaired CMC and VSMC proliferation. Whole transcriptome analysis revealed that deletion of Tead1 in CMCs/VSMCs downregulated expression of muscle contractile genes and key transcription factors including Pitx2c and myocardin. In vitro studies demonstrated that PITX2c and myocardin rescued TEAD1-dependent defects in VSMC differentiation. We further identified Pitx2c as a novel transcriptional target of TEAD1, and PITX2c exhibited functional synergy with myocardin by directly interacting with myocardin, leading to augment the differentiation of VSMC. In summary, our study reveals a critical role of Tead1 in cardiovascular development in mice, but also identifies a novel regulatory mechanism, whereby Tead1 functions upstream of the genetic regulatory hierarchy for establishing smooth muscle contractile phenotype.
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14
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Dedicator of cytokinesis 2 silencing therapy inhibits neointima formation and improves blood flow in rat vein grafts. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 128:134-144. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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15
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Cao BJ, Zhu L, Wang XW, Zou RJ, Lu ZQ. MicroRNA-365 promotes the contractile phenotype of venous smooth muscle cells and inhibits neointimal formation in rat vein grafts. IUBMB Life 2019; 71:908-916. [PMID: 30746857 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The high rate of autologous vein graft failure caused by neointimal hyperplasia remains an unresolved issue in the field of cardiovascular surgery; therefore, it is important to explore new methods for protecting against neointimal hyperplasia. MicroRNA-365 has been reported to inhibit the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). This study aimed to test whether adenovirus-mediated miR-365 was able to attenuate neointimal formation in rat vein grafts. We found that miR-365 expression was substantially reduced in vein grafts following engraftment. In vitro, overexpression of miR-365 promoted smooth muscle-specific gene expression and inhibited venous SMC proliferation and migration. Consistent with this, overexpression of miR-365 in a rat vein graft model significantly reduced grafting-induced neointimal formation and effectively improved the hemodynamics of the vein grafts. Mechanistically, we identified that cyclin D1 as a potential downstream target of miR-365 in vein grafts. Specially, to increase the efficiency of miR-365 gene transfection, a 30% poloxamer F-127 gel containing 0.25% trypsin was mixed with adenovirus and spread around the vein grafts to increase the adenovirus contact time and penetration. We showed that adenovirus-mediated miR-365 attenuated venous SMC proliferation and migration in vitro and effectively inhibited neointimal formation in rat vein grafts. Restoring expression of miR-365 is a potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of vein graft failure. © 2019 IUBMB Life, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Jun Cao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Anqing Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, 246000, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Rong-Jiang Zou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Zhi-Qian Lu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, China
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16
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Ahmed ASI, Dong K, Liu J, Wen T, Yu L, Xu F, Kang X, Osman I, Hu G, Bunting KM, Crethers D, Gao H, Zhang W, Liu Y, Wen K, Agarwal G, Hirose T, Nakagawa S, Vazdarjanova A, Zhou J. Long noncoding RNA NEAT1 (nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1) is critical for phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E8660-E8667. [PMID: 30139920 PMCID: PMC6140535 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1803725115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In response to vascular injury, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) may switch from a contractile to a proliferative phenotype thereby contributing to neointima formation. Previous studies showed that the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) NEAT1 is critical for paraspeckle formation and tumorigenesis by promoting cell proliferation and migration. However, the role of NEAT1 in VSMC phenotypic modulation is unknown. Herein we showed that NEAT1 expression was induced in VSMCs during phenotypic switching in vivo and in vitro. Silencing NEAT1 in VSMCs resulted in enhanced expression of SM-specific genes while attenuating VSMC proliferation and migration. Conversely, overexpression of NEAT1 in VSMCs had opposite effects. These in vitro findings were further supported by in vivo studies in which NEAT1 knockout mice exhibited significantly decreased neointima formation following vascular injury, due to attenuated VSMC proliferation. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that NEAT1 sequesters the key chromatin modifier WDR5 (WD Repeat Domain 5) from SM-specific gene loci, thereby initiating an epigenetic "off" state, resulting in down-regulation of SM-specific gene expression. Taken together, we demonstrated an unexpected role of the lncRNA NEAT1 in regulating phenotypic switching by repressing SM-contractile gene expression through an epigenetic regulatory mechanism. Our data suggest that NEAT1 is a therapeutic target for treating occlusive vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Shufian Ishtiaq Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Kunzhe Dong
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Jinhua Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, China
| | - Tong Wen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, China
| | - Luyi Yu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, China
| | - Xiuhua Kang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, China
| | - Islam Osman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Guoqing Hu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Kristopher M Bunting
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Danielle Crethers
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Hongyu Gao
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, China
| | - Yunlong Liu
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Ke Wen
- Department of Pharmacology, Tianjin Medical University, 300052 Tianjin, China
| | - Gautam Agarwal
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Tetsuro Hirose
- Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, 060-0815 Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Nakagawa
- RNA Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, 060-0815 Sapporo, Japan
| | - Almira Vazdarjanova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Jiliang Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912;
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17
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Hu C, Zhou Y, Liu C, Kang Y. Risk assessment model constructed by differentially expressed lncRNAs for the prognosis of glioma. Oncol Rep 2018; 40:2467-2476. [PMID: 30106138 PMCID: PMC6151882 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A risk assessment model was constructed using differentially expressed long non‑coding (lnc)RNAs for the prognosis of glioma. Transcriptome sequencing of the lncRNAs and mRNAs from glioma samples were obtained from the TCGA database. The samples were divided into bad and good prognosis groups based on survival time, then differently expressed lncRNAs between these two groups were screened using DEseq and edgeR packages. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to establish a risk assessment system according to the weighted regression coefficient of lncRNA expression. Survival analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve were conducted for the risk assessment model. Furthermore, the co‑expression network of the screened lncRNAs was constructed, followed by the functional enrichment analysis for associated genes. A total of 117 lncRNAs were screened using edgeR and DEseq packages. Among all differently expressed lncRNAs, five lncRNAs (RP3‑503A6, LINC00940, RP11‑453M23, AC009411 and CDRT7) were identified to establish the risk assessment model. The risk assessment model demonstrated a good prognostic function with high area under the curve values in the training, validation and entire sets. The risk score was certified as an independent prognostic factor for gliomas. Multiple genes were screened to be co‑expressed with these five lncRNAs. Functional enrichment analysis demonstrated that they were involved in cytoskeleton, adhesion and Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathway‑associated processes. The present study established a risk assessment model integrating five significantly different expressed lncRNAs, which may help to assess the prognosis of patients with glioma with increased accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenggong Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yongfang Zhou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yan Kang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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18
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Wen T, Yin Q, Yu L, Hu G, Liu J, Zhang W, Huang L, Su H, Wang M, Zhou J. Characterization of mice carrying a conditional TEAD1 allele. Genesis 2018; 55. [PMID: 29193599 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.23085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The Hippo- yes-associated protein (YAP) pathway is essential for controlling organ size and tumorigenesis. Previous studies have demonstrated that the primary outcome of YAP signaling in the nucleus is achieved by interaction with the transcription factor TEA domain transcription factor (TEAD1). The YAP/TEAD1 complex binds to DNA element and regulates the expression of genes involved in cell growth. However, constitutive knockout of TEAD1 leads to early embryonic lethality in mice. Thus, generation of a floxed TEAD1 mouse becomes crucial for further understanding mid- to late-gestation and post-natal role of TEAD1. Herein, we created and characterized a mouse model that allows for conditional disruption of TEAD1. Embryonic fibroblasts derived from the floxed TEAD1 mice enabled the Cre-mediated deletion of TEAD1 in vitro using virally delivered Cre recombinase. Furthermore, crossing the floxed TEAD1 mouse with a ubiquitously expressing Cre mouse resulted in efficient ablation of the floxed allele in vivo, and the animals recapitulated early embryonic lethality defects. In conclusion, our data demonstrate an important role of TEAD1 in early development in mice, and the floxed TEAD1 mouse model will be a valuable genetic tool to determine the temporal and tissue-specific functions of TEAD1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qin Yin
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Luyi Yu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Guoqing Hu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Jinhua Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Liang Huang
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Huabo Su
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia.,Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Menghong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiliang Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
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19
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Tan Z, Li J, Zhang X, Yang X, Zhang Z, Yin KJ, Huang H. P53 Promotes Retinoid Acid-induced Smooth Muscle Cell Differentiation by Targeting Myocardin. Stem Cells Dev 2018; 27:534-544. [PMID: 29482449 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2017.0244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
TP53 is a widely studied tumor suppressor gene that controls various cellular functions, including cell differentiation. However, little is known about its functional roles in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) differentiation from embryonic stem cells (ESCs). SMC differentiation is at the heart of our understanding of vascular development, normal blood pressure homeostasis, and the pathogenesis of vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, restenosis, as well as aneurysm. Using retinoid acid (RA)-induced SMC differentiation models, we observed that p53 expression is increased during in vitro differentiation of mouse ESCs into SMCs. Meanwhile, suppression of p53 by shRNA reduced RA-induced SMC differentiation. Mechanistically, we have identified for the first time that Myocardin, a transcription factor that induces muscle cell differentiation and muscle-specific gene expression, is the direct target of p53 by bioinformatic analysis, luciferase reporter assay, and chromatin immunoprecipitation approaches. Moreover, in vivo SMC-selective p53 transgenic overexpression inhibited injury-induced neointimal formation. Taken together, our data demonstrate that p53 and its target gene, Myocardin, play regulatory roles in SMC differentiation. This study may lead to the identification of novel target molecules that may, in turn, lead to novel drug discoveries for the treatment of vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Tan
- 1 Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University , Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingya Li
- 1 Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University , Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuejing Zhang
- 2 Department of Neurology, Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders & Recovery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Xueqin Yang
- 1 Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University , Hangzhou, China
| | - Zunyi Zhang
- 1 Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University , Hangzhou, China
| | - Ke-Jie Yin
- 2 Department of Neurology, Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders & Recovery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Huarong Huang
- 1 Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University , Hangzhou, China
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20
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Randrianarison-Huetz V, Papaefthymiou A, Herledan G, Noviello C, Faradova U, Collard L, Pincini A, Schol E, Decaux JF, Maire P, Vassilopoulos S, Sotiropoulos A. Srf controls satellite cell fusion through the maintenance of actin architecture. J Cell Biol 2017; 217:685-700. [PMID: 29269426 PMCID: PMC5800804 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201705130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This work describes a crucial role for the transcription factor Srf and F-actin scaffold to drive muscle stem cell fusion in vitro and in vivo and provides evidence of how actin cytoskeleton architecture affects myoblast fusion in vertebrates. Satellite cells (SCs) are adult muscle stem cells that are mobilized when muscle homeostasis is perturbed. Here, we show that serum response factor (Srf) is needed for optimal SC-mediated hypertrophic growth. We identified Srf as a master regulator of SC fusion required in both fusion partners, whereas it was dispensable for SC proliferation and differentiation. We show that SC-specific Srf deletion leads to impaired actin cytoskeleton and report the existence of finger-like actin–based protrusions at fusion sites in vertebrates that were notoriously absent in fusion-defective myoblasts lacking Srf. Restoration of a polymerized actin network by overexpression of an α-actin isoform in Srf mutant SCs rescued their fusion with a control cell in vitro and in vivo and reestablished overload-induced muscle growth. These findings demonstrate the importance of Srf in controlling the organization of actin cytoskeleton and actin-based protrusions for myoblast fusion in mammals and its requirement to achieve efficient hypertrophic myofiber growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Voahangy Randrianarison-Huetz
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Aikaterini Papaefthymiou
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Gaëlle Herledan
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Chiara Noviello
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Ulduz Faradova
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | | | - Alessandra Pincini
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Emilie Schol
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Jean François Decaux
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR8256, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1164, Institute of Biology Paris-Seine, Paris, France
| | - Pascal Maire
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Vassilopoulos
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale/University Pierre and Marie Curie UMR-S974, Institut de Myologie, Paris, France
| | - Athanassia Sotiropoulos
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France .,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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21
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Zhao J, Wu W, Zhang W, Lu YW, Tou E, Ye J, Gao P, Jourd'heuil D, Singer HA, Wu M, Long X. Selective expression of TSPAN2 in vascular smooth muscle is independently regulated by TGF-β1/SMAD and myocardin/serum response factor. FASEB J 2017; 31:2576-2591. [PMID: 28258189 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201601021r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Tetraspanins (TSPANs) comprise a large family of 4-transmembrane domain proteins. The importance of TSPANs in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is unexplored. Given that TGF-β1 and myocardin (MYOCD) are potent activators for VSMC differentiation, we screened for TGF-β1 and MYOCD/serum response factor (SRF)-regulated TSPANs in VSMC by using RNA-seq analyses and RNA-arrays. TSPAN2 was found to be the only TSPAN family gene induced by TGF-β1 and MYOCD, and reduced by SRF deficiency in VSMCs. We also found that TSPAN2 is highly expressed in smooth muscle-enriched tissues and down-regulated in in vitro models of VSMC phenotypic modulation. TSPAN2 expression is attenuated in mouse carotid arteries after ligation injury and in failed human arteriovenous fistula samples after occlusion by dedifferentiated neointimal VSMC. In vitro functional studies showed that TSPAN2 suppresses VSMC proliferation and migration. Luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that TSPAN2 is regulated by 2 parallel pathways, MYOCD/SRF and TGF-β1/SMAD, via distinct binding elements within the proximal promoter. Thus, we identified the first VSMC-enriched and MYOCD/SRF and TGF-β1/SMAD-dependent TSPAN family member, whose expression is intimately associated with VSMC differentiation and negatively correlated with vascular disease. Our results suggest that TSPAN2 may play important roles in vascular disease.-Zhao, J., Wu, W., Zhang, W., Lu, Y. W., Tou, E., Ye, J., Gao, P., Jourd'heuil, D., Singer, H. A., Wu, M., Long, X. Selective expression of TSPAN2 in vascular smooth muscle is independently regulated by TGF-β1/SMAD and myocardin/serum response factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjing Zhao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Wen Wu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Yao Wei Lu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Emiley Tou
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Jiemei Ye
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Ping Gao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA
| | - David Jourd'heuil
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Harold A Singer
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Mingfu Wu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Xiaochun Long
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA
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22
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Xia XD, Zhou Z, Yu XH, Zheng XL, Tang CK. Myocardin: A novel player in atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 2017; 257:266-278. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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23
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Luo J, Jin H, Jiang Y, Ge H, Wang J, Li Y. Aberrant Expression of microRNA-9 Contributes to Development of Intracranial Aneurysm by Suppressing Proliferation and Reducing Contractility of Smooth Muscle Cells. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:4247-4253. [PMID: 27824808 PMCID: PMC5108371 DOI: 10.12659/msm.897511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MiR-9 is reportedly involved with many diseases, such as acute myeloid leukemia and liver oncogenesis. In the present study we investigated the molecular mechanism, including the potential regulator and signaling pathways, of MYOCD, which is the gene that in humans encodes the protein myocardin. MATERIAL AND METHODS We searched the online miRNA database (www.mirdb.org) with the "seed sequence" located within the 3'-UTR of the target gene, and then validated MYOCD to be the direct gene via luciferase reporter assay system, and further confirmed it in cultured cells by using Western blot analysis and realtime PCR. RESULTS We established the negative regulatory relationship between miR-9 and MYOCD via studying the relative luciferase activity. We also conducted realtime PCR and Western blot analysis to study the mRNA and protein expression level of MYOCD between different groups (intracranial aneurysm vs. normal control) or cells treated with scramble control, miR-9 mimics, MYOCD siRNA, and miR-9 inhibitors, indicating the negative regulatory relationship between miR-9 and MYOCD. We also investigated the relative viability of smooth muscle cells when transfected with scramble control, miR-9 mimics, MYOCD siRNA, and miR-9 inhibitors to validate that miR-9 t negatively interferes with the viability of smooth muscle cells. We then investigated the relative contractility of smooth muscle cells when transfected with scramble control, miR-9 mimics, MYOCD siRNA, and miR-9 inhibitors, and the results showed that miR-9 weakened contractility. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that dysregulation of miR-9 is responsible for the development of IA via targeting MYOCD. miR-9 and its direct target, MYOCD, might novel therapeutic targets in the treatment of IA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Luo
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute and Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Hengwei Jin
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute and Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Yuhua Jiang
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute and Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Huijian Ge
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute and Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Jiwei Wang
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute and Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Youxiang Li
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute and Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (mainland)
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24
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Coll-Bonfill N, Peinado VI, Pisano MV, Párrizas M, Blanco I, Evers M, Engelmann JC, García-Lucio J, Tura-Ceide O, Meister G, Barberà JA, Musri MM. Slug Is Increased in Vascular Remodeling and Induces a Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferative Phenotype. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159460. [PMID: 27441378 PMCID: PMC4956159 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Previous studies have confirmed Slug as a key player in regulating phenotypic changes in several cell models, however, its role in smooth muscle cells (SMC) has never been assessed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of Slug during the phenotypic switch of SMC in vitro and throughout the development of vascular remodeling. Methods and Results Slug expression was decreased during both cell-to-cell contact and TGFβ1 induced SMC differentiation. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), a known inductor of a proliferative/dedifferentiated SMC phenotype, induces the expression of Slug in SMC. Slug knockdown blocked TNFα-induced SMC phenotypic change and significantly reduced both SMC proliferation and migration, while its overexpression blocked the TGFβ1-induced SMC differentiation and induced proliferation and migration. Genome-wide transcriptomic analysis showed that in SMC, Slug knockdown induced changes mainly in genes related to proliferation and migration, indicating that Slug controls these processes in SMC. Notably, Slug expression was significantly up-regulated in lungs of mice using a model of pulmonary hypertension-related vascular remodeling. Highly remodeled human pulmonary arteries also showed an increase of Slug expression compared to less remodeled arteries. Conclusions Slug emerges as a key transcription factor driving SMC towards a proliferative phenotype. The increased Slug expression observed in vivo in highly remodeled arteries of mice and human suggests a role of Slug in the pathogenesis of pulmonary vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Coll-Bonfill
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Clínic-Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victor I. Peinado
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Clínic-Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - María V. Pisano
- Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra, INIMEC-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | | | - Isabel Blanco
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Clínic-Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maurits Evers
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Julia C. Engelmann
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jessica García-Lucio
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Clínic-Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Tura-Ceide
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Clínic-Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gunter Meister
- Biochemistry Center Regensburg (BZR), Laboratory for RNA Biology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Joan Albert Barberà
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Clínic-Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Melina M. Musri
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Clínic-Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra, INIMEC-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- * E-mail:
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25
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Scirocco A, Matarrese P, Carabotti M, Ascione B, Malorni W, Severi C. Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Phenotypic Switch in Gastrointestinal Smooth Muscle. J Cell Physiol 2016; 231:295-302. [PMID: 26206426 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
As a general rule, smooth muscle cells (SMC) are able to switch from a contractile phenotype to a less mature synthetic phenotype. This switch is accompanied by a loss of differentiation with decreased expression of contractile markers, increased proliferation as well as the synthesis and the release of several signaling molecules such as pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemotaxis-associated molecules, and growth factors. This SMC phenotypic plasticity has extensively been investigated in vascular diseases, but interest is also emerging in the field of gastroenterology. It has in fact been postulated that altered microenvironmental conditions, including the composition of microbiota, could trigger the remodeling of the enteric SMC, with phenotype changes and consequent alterations of contraction and impairment of gut motility. Several molecular actors participate in this phenotype remodeling. These include extracellular molecules such as cytokines and extracellular matrix proteins, as well as intracellular proteins, for example, transcription factors. Epigenetic control mechanisms and miRNA have also been suggested to participate. In this review key roles and actors of smooth muscle phenotypic switch, mainly in GI tissue, are described and discussed in the light of literature data available so far. J. Cell. Physiol. 231: 295-302, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annunziata Scirocco
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University Sapienza Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Matarrese
- Department of Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanit, à, Rome, Italy
- Center of Metabolomics, Rome, Italy
| | - Marilia Carabotti
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University Sapienza Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Ascione
- Department of Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanit, à, Rome, Italy
| | - Walter Malorni
- Department of Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanit, à, Rome, Italy
- San Raffaele Pisana Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Carola Severi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University Sapienza Rome, Rome, Italy
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26
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Varney SD, Betts CB, Zheng R, Wu L, Hinz B, Zhou J, Van De Water L. Hic-5 is required for myofibroblast differentiation by regulating mechanically dependent MRTF-A nuclear accumulation. J Cell Sci 2016; 129:774-87. [PMID: 26759173 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.170589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
How mechanical cues from the extracellular environment are translated biochemically to modulate the effects of TGF-β on myofibroblast differentiation remains a crucial area of investigation. We report here that the focal adhesion protein, Hic-5 (also known as TGFB1I1), is required for the mechanically dependent generation of stress fibers in response to TGF-β. Successful generation of stress fibers promotes the nuclear localization of the transcriptional co-factor MRTF-A (also known as MKL1), and this correlates with the mechanically dependent induction of α smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and Hic-5 in response to TGF-β. As a consequence of regulating stress fiber assembly, Hic-5 is required for the nuclear accumulation of MRTF-A and the induction of α-SMA as well as cellular contractility, suggesting a crucial role for Hic-5 in myofibroblast differentiation. Indeed, the expression of Hic-5 was transient in acute wounds and persistent in pathogenic scars, and Hic-5 colocalized with α-SMA expression in vivo. Taken together, these data suggest that a mechanically dependent feed-forward loop, elaborated by the reciprocal regulation of MRTF-A localization by Hic-5 and Hic-5 expression by MRTF-A, plays a crucial role in myofibroblast differentiation in response to TGF-β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott D Varney
- Center for Cell Biology and Cancer Research (MC-165), Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Courtney B Betts
- Center for Cell Biology and Cancer Research (MC-165), Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Rui Zheng
- Center for Cell Biology and Cancer Research (MC-165), Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Lei Wu
- Center for Cell Biology and Cancer Research (MC-165), Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Boris Hinz
- Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, 150 College Street, FitzGerald Building, Room 234, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3E2
| | - Jiliang Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, CB-3628, 1459 Laney Walker Boulevard, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Livingston Van De Water
- Center for Cell Biology and Cancer Research (MC-165), Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY 12208, USA
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27
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Nanda V, Downing KP, Ye J, Xiao S, Kojima Y, Spin JM, DiRenzo D, Nead KT, Connolly AJ, Dandona S, Perisic L, Hedin U, Maegdefessel L, Dalman J, Guo L, Zhao X, Kolodgie FD, Virmani R, Davis HR, Leeper NJ. CDKN2B Regulates TGFβ Signaling and Smooth Muscle Cell Investment of Hypoxic Neovessels. Circ Res 2015; 118:230-40. [PMID: 26596284 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.115.307906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Genetic variation at the chromosome 9p21 cardiovascular risk locus has been associated with peripheral artery disease, but its mechanism remains unknown. OBJECTIVE To determine whether this association is secondary to an increase in atherosclerosis, or it is the result of a separate angiogenesis-related mechanism. METHODS AND RESULTS Quantitative evaluation of human vascular samples revealed that carriers of the 9p21 risk allele possess a significantly higher burden of immature intraplaque microvessels than carriers of the ancestral allele, irrespective of lesion size or patient comorbidity. To determine whether aberrant angiogenesis also occurs under nonatherosclerotic conditions, we performed femoral artery ligation surgery in mice lacking the 9p21 candidate gene, Cdkn2b. These animals developed advanced hindlimb ischemia and digital autoamputation, secondary to a defect in the capacity of the Cdkn2b-deficient smooth muscle cell to support the developing neovessel. Microarray studies identified impaired transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling in cultured cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2B (CDKN2B)-deficient cells, as well as TGFβ1 upregulation in the vasculature of 9p21 risk allele carriers. Molecular signaling studies indicated that loss of CDKN2B impairs the expression of the inhibitory factor, SMAD-7, which promotes downstream TGFβ activation. Ultimately, this manifests in the upregulation of a poorly studied effector molecule, TGFβ1-induced-1, which is a TGFβ-rheostat known to have antagonistic effects on the endothelial cell and smooth muscle cell. Dual knockdown studies confirmed the reversibility of the proposed mechanism, in vitro. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that loss of CDKN2B may not only promote cardiovascular disease through the development of atherosclerosis but may also impair TGFβ signaling and hypoxic neovessel maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Nanda
- From the Departments of Surgery (V.N., K.P.D., J.Y., S.X., Y.K., D.D., K.T.N., J.D., N.J.L.), Medicine (J.M.S., N.J.L.), and Pathology (A.J.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (S.D.); Departments of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (L.P., U.H.) and Medicine (L.M.), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; and CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (L.G., X.Z., F.D.K., R.V., H.R.D.)
| | - Kelly P Downing
- From the Departments of Surgery (V.N., K.P.D., J.Y., S.X., Y.K., D.D., K.T.N., J.D., N.J.L.), Medicine (J.M.S., N.J.L.), and Pathology (A.J.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (S.D.); Departments of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (L.P., U.H.) and Medicine (L.M.), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; and CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (L.G., X.Z., F.D.K., R.V., H.R.D.)
| | - Jianqin Ye
- From the Departments of Surgery (V.N., K.P.D., J.Y., S.X., Y.K., D.D., K.T.N., J.D., N.J.L.), Medicine (J.M.S., N.J.L.), and Pathology (A.J.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (S.D.); Departments of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (L.P., U.H.) and Medicine (L.M.), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; and CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (L.G., X.Z., F.D.K., R.V., H.R.D.)
| | - Sophia Xiao
- From the Departments of Surgery (V.N., K.P.D., J.Y., S.X., Y.K., D.D., K.T.N., J.D., N.J.L.), Medicine (J.M.S., N.J.L.), and Pathology (A.J.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (S.D.); Departments of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (L.P., U.H.) and Medicine (L.M.), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; and CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (L.G., X.Z., F.D.K., R.V., H.R.D.)
| | - Yoko Kojima
- From the Departments of Surgery (V.N., K.P.D., J.Y., S.X., Y.K., D.D., K.T.N., J.D., N.J.L.), Medicine (J.M.S., N.J.L.), and Pathology (A.J.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (S.D.); Departments of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (L.P., U.H.) and Medicine (L.M.), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; and CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (L.G., X.Z., F.D.K., R.V., H.R.D.)
| | - Joshua M Spin
- From the Departments of Surgery (V.N., K.P.D., J.Y., S.X., Y.K., D.D., K.T.N., J.D., N.J.L.), Medicine (J.M.S., N.J.L.), and Pathology (A.J.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (S.D.); Departments of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (L.P., U.H.) and Medicine (L.M.), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; and CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (L.G., X.Z., F.D.K., R.V., H.R.D.)
| | - Daniel DiRenzo
- From the Departments of Surgery (V.N., K.P.D., J.Y., S.X., Y.K., D.D., K.T.N., J.D., N.J.L.), Medicine (J.M.S., N.J.L.), and Pathology (A.J.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (S.D.); Departments of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (L.P., U.H.) and Medicine (L.M.), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; and CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (L.G., X.Z., F.D.K., R.V., H.R.D.)
| | - Kevin T Nead
- From the Departments of Surgery (V.N., K.P.D., J.Y., S.X., Y.K., D.D., K.T.N., J.D., N.J.L.), Medicine (J.M.S., N.J.L.), and Pathology (A.J.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (S.D.); Departments of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (L.P., U.H.) and Medicine (L.M.), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; and CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (L.G., X.Z., F.D.K., R.V., H.R.D.)
| | - Andrew J Connolly
- From the Departments of Surgery (V.N., K.P.D., J.Y., S.X., Y.K., D.D., K.T.N., J.D., N.J.L.), Medicine (J.M.S., N.J.L.), and Pathology (A.J.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (S.D.); Departments of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (L.P., U.H.) and Medicine (L.M.), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; and CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (L.G., X.Z., F.D.K., R.V., H.R.D.)
| | - Sonny Dandona
- From the Departments of Surgery (V.N., K.P.D., J.Y., S.X., Y.K., D.D., K.T.N., J.D., N.J.L.), Medicine (J.M.S., N.J.L.), and Pathology (A.J.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (S.D.); Departments of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (L.P., U.H.) and Medicine (L.M.), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; and CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (L.G., X.Z., F.D.K., R.V., H.R.D.)
| | - Ljubica Perisic
- From the Departments of Surgery (V.N., K.P.D., J.Y., S.X., Y.K., D.D., K.T.N., J.D., N.J.L.), Medicine (J.M.S., N.J.L.), and Pathology (A.J.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (S.D.); Departments of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (L.P., U.H.) and Medicine (L.M.), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; and CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (L.G., X.Z., F.D.K., R.V., H.R.D.)
| | - Ulf Hedin
- From the Departments of Surgery (V.N., K.P.D., J.Y., S.X., Y.K., D.D., K.T.N., J.D., N.J.L.), Medicine (J.M.S., N.J.L.), and Pathology (A.J.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (S.D.); Departments of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (L.P., U.H.) and Medicine (L.M.), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; and CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (L.G., X.Z., F.D.K., R.V., H.R.D.)
| | - Lars Maegdefessel
- From the Departments of Surgery (V.N., K.P.D., J.Y., S.X., Y.K., D.D., K.T.N., J.D., N.J.L.), Medicine (J.M.S., N.J.L.), and Pathology (A.J.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (S.D.); Departments of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (L.P., U.H.) and Medicine (L.M.), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; and CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (L.G., X.Z., F.D.K., R.V., H.R.D.)
| | - Jessie Dalman
- From the Departments of Surgery (V.N., K.P.D., J.Y., S.X., Y.K., D.D., K.T.N., J.D., N.J.L.), Medicine (J.M.S., N.J.L.), and Pathology (A.J.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (S.D.); Departments of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (L.P., U.H.) and Medicine (L.M.), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; and CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (L.G., X.Z., F.D.K., R.V., H.R.D.)
| | - Liang Guo
- From the Departments of Surgery (V.N., K.P.D., J.Y., S.X., Y.K., D.D., K.T.N., J.D., N.J.L.), Medicine (J.M.S., N.J.L.), and Pathology (A.J.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (S.D.); Departments of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (L.P., U.H.) and Medicine (L.M.), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; and CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (L.G., X.Z., F.D.K., R.V., H.R.D.)
| | - XiaoQing Zhao
- From the Departments of Surgery (V.N., K.P.D., J.Y., S.X., Y.K., D.D., K.T.N., J.D., N.J.L.), Medicine (J.M.S., N.J.L.), and Pathology (A.J.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (S.D.); Departments of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (L.P., U.H.) and Medicine (L.M.), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; and CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (L.G., X.Z., F.D.K., R.V., H.R.D.)
| | - Frank D Kolodgie
- From the Departments of Surgery (V.N., K.P.D., J.Y., S.X., Y.K., D.D., K.T.N., J.D., N.J.L.), Medicine (J.M.S., N.J.L.), and Pathology (A.J.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (S.D.); Departments of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (L.P., U.H.) and Medicine (L.M.), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; and CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (L.G., X.Z., F.D.K., R.V., H.R.D.)
| | - Renu Virmani
- From the Departments of Surgery (V.N., K.P.D., J.Y., S.X., Y.K., D.D., K.T.N., J.D., N.J.L.), Medicine (J.M.S., N.J.L.), and Pathology (A.J.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (S.D.); Departments of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (L.P., U.H.) and Medicine (L.M.), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; and CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (L.G., X.Z., F.D.K., R.V., H.R.D.)
| | - Harry R Davis
- From the Departments of Surgery (V.N., K.P.D., J.Y., S.X., Y.K., D.D., K.T.N., J.D., N.J.L.), Medicine (J.M.S., N.J.L.), and Pathology (A.J.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (S.D.); Departments of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (L.P., U.H.) and Medicine (L.M.), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; and CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (L.G., X.Z., F.D.K., R.V., H.R.D.)
| | - Nicholas J Leeper
- From the Departments of Surgery (V.N., K.P.D., J.Y., S.X., Y.K., D.D., K.T.N., J.D., N.J.L.), Medicine (J.M.S., N.J.L.), and Pathology (A.J.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (S.D.); Departments of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (L.P., U.H.) and Medicine (L.M.), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; and CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (L.G., X.Z., F.D.K., R.V., H.R.D.).
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Liu Y, Hu H, Wang K, Zhang C, Wang Y, Yao K, Yang P, Han L, Kang C, Zhang W, Jiang T. Multidimensional analysis of gene expression reveals TGFB1I1-induced EMT contributes to malignant progression of astrocytomas. Oncotarget 2015; 5:12593-606. [PMID: 25333259 PMCID: PMC4350345 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant progression of astrocytoma is a multistep process with the integration of genetic abnormalities including grade progression and subtypes transition. Established biomarkers of astrocytomas, like IDH1 and TP53 mutation, were not associated with malignant progression. To identify new biomarker(s) contributing to malignant progression, we collected 252 samples with whole genome mRNA expression profile [34 normal brain tissue (NBT), 136 grade II astrocytoma (AII) and 82 grade III astrocytoma (AIII)]. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that EMT-associated pathways were most significantly altered along with tumor grades progress with up-regulation of 17 genes. Up-regulation of these genes was further confirmed by RNA-sequencing in 128 samples. Survival analysis revealed that high expression of these genes indicates a poor survival outcome. We focused on TGFB1I1 (TGF-β1 induced transcript 1) whose expression correlation with WHO grades was further validated by qPCR in 6 cell lines of different grades and 49 independent samples (36 AIIs and 13 AIIIs). High expression of TGFB1I1 was found associated with subtype transition and EMT pathways activation. The conclusion was confirmed using immunohistochemistry in tissue microarrays. Studies in vitro and in vivo using TGF-β1 and TGFB1I1 shRNA demonstrated that TGFB1I1 is required for TGF-β stimulated EMT that contributes to malignant progression of astrocytomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Liu
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group (CGCG), China
| | - Huimin Hu
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group (CGCG), China
| | - Kuanyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chuanbao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group (CGCG), China
| | - Yinyan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group (CGCG), China
| | - Kun Yao
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group (CGCG), China
| | - Pei Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group (CGCG), China
| | - Lei Han
- Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China. Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group (CGCG), China
| | - Chunsheng Kang
- Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China. Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group (CGCG), China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group (CGCG), China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group (CGCG), China. China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, China. Center of Brain Tumor, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
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29
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Pattabiraman PP, Rao PV. Hic-5 Regulates Actin Cytoskeletal Reorganization and Expression of Fibrogenic Markers and Myocilin in Trabecular Meshwork Cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2015; 56:5656-69. [PMID: 26313302 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.15-17204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the role of inducible focal adhesion (FA) protein Hic-5 in actin cytoskeletal reorganization, FA formation, fibrogenic activity, and expression of myocilin in trabecular meshwork (TM) cells. METHODS Using primary cultures of human TM (HTM) cells, the effects of various external factors on Hic-5 protein levels, as well as the effects of recombinant Hic-5 and Hic-5 small interfering RNA (siRNA) on actin cytoskeleton, FAs, myocilin, α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA), and collagen-1 were determined by immunofluorescence and immunoblot analyses. RESULTS Hic-5 distributes discretely to the FAs in HTM cells and throughout the TM and Schlemm's canal of the human aqueous humor (AH) outflow pathway. Transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2), endothelin-1, lysophosphatidic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and RhoA significantly increased Hic-5 protein levels in HTM cells in association with reorganization of actin cytoskeleton and FAs. While recombinant Hic-5 induced actin stress fibers, FAs, αv integrin redistribution to the FAs, increased levels of αSMA, collagen-1, and myocilin, Hic-5 siRNA suppressed most of these responses in HTM cells. Hic-5 siRNA also suppressed TGF-β2-induced fibrogenic activity and dexamethasone-induced myocilin expression in HTM cells. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these results reveal that Hic-5, whose levels were increased by various external factors implicated in elevated intraocular pressure, induces actin cytoskeletal reorganization, FAs, expression of fibrogenic markers, and myocilin in HTM cells. These characteristics of Hic-5 in TM cells indicate its importance in regulation of AH outflow through the TM in both normal and glaucomatous eyes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ponugoti Vasantha Rao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States 2Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States
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30
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Xu F, Ahmed ASI, Kang X, Hu G, Liu F, Zhang W, Zhou J. MicroRNA-15b/16 Attenuates Vascular Neointima Formation by Promoting the Contractile Phenotype of Vascular Smooth Muscle Through Targeting YAP. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2015; 35:2145-52. [PMID: 26293467 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.115.305748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the functional role of the microRNA (miR)-15b/16 in vascular smooth muscle (SM) phenotypic modulation. APPROACH AND RESULTS We found that miR-15b/16 is one of the most abundant mRs expressed in contractile vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). However, when contractile VSMCs get converted to a synthetic phenotype, miR-15b/16 expression is significantly reduced. Knocking down endogenous miR-15b/16 in VSMCs attenuates SM-specific gene expression but promotes VSMC proliferation and migration. Conversely, overexpression of miR-15b/16 promotes SM contractile gene expression while attenuating VSMC migration and proliferation. Consistent with this, overexpression of miR-15b/16 in a rat carotid balloon injury model markedly attenuates injury-induced SM dedifferentiation and neointima formation. Mechanistically, we identified the potent oncoprotein yes-associated protein (YAP) as a downstream target of miR-15b/16 in VSMCs. Reporter assays validated that miR-15b/16 targets YAP's 3' untranslated region. Moreover, overexpression of miR-15b/16 significantly represses YAP expression, whereas conversely, depletion of endogenous miR-15b/16 results in upregulation of YAP expression. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that miR-15b/16 plays a critical role in SM phenotypic modulation at least partly through targeting YAP. Restoring expression of miR-15b/16 would be a potential therapeutic approach for treatment of proliferative vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xu
- From the Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China (F.X., X.K., W.Z.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta (A.S.I.A., X.K., G.H., F.L., J.Z.)
| | - Abu Shufian Ishtiaq Ahmed
- From the Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China (F.X., X.K., W.Z.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta (A.S.I.A., X.K., G.H., F.L., J.Z.)
| | - Xiuhua Kang
- From the Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China (F.X., X.K., W.Z.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta (A.S.I.A., X.K., G.H., F.L., J.Z.)
| | - Guoqing Hu
- From the Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China (F.X., X.K., W.Z.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta (A.S.I.A., X.K., G.H., F.L., J.Z.)
| | - Fang Liu
- From the Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China (F.X., X.K., W.Z.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta (A.S.I.A., X.K., G.H., F.L., J.Z.)
| | - Wei Zhang
- From the Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China (F.X., X.K., W.Z.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta (A.S.I.A., X.K., G.H., F.L., J.Z.)
| | - Jiliang Zhou
- From the Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China (F.X., X.K., W.Z.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta (A.S.I.A., X.K., G.H., F.L., J.Z.).
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31
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Regulation of smooth muscle contractility by competing endogenous mRNAs in intracranial aneurysms. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2015; 74:411-24. [PMID: 25868147 DOI: 10.1097/nen.0000000000000185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) contribute to the pathogenesis of intracranial aneurysms (IAs), but the genetic mechanisms underlying these alterations are unclear. We used microarray analysis to compare tissue small noncoding RNA and messenger RNA expression profiles in vessel wall samples from patients with late-stage IAs. We identified myocardin (MYOCD), a key contractility regulator of vascular SMCs, as a critical factor in IA progression. Using a multifaceted computational and experimental approach, we determined that depletion of competitive endogenous RNAs (ARHGEF12, FGF12, and ADCY5) enhanced factors that downregulate MYOCD, which induces the conversion of SMCs from differentiated contractile states into dedifferentiated phenotypes that exhibit enhanced proliferation, synthesis of new extracellular matrix, and organization of mural thrombi. These effects may lead to the repair and maintenance of IAs. This study presents guidelines for the prediction and validation of the IA regulator MYOCD in competitive endogenous RNA networks and facilitates the development of novel therapeutic and diagnostic tools for IAs.
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32
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Gutierrez-Pajares JL, Iturrieta J, Dulam V, Wang Y, Pavlides S, Malacari G, Lisanti MP, Frank PG. Caveolin-3 Promotes a Vascular Smooth Muscle Contractile Phenotype. Front Cardiovasc Med 2015; 2:27. [PMID: 26664898 PMCID: PMC4671348 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2015.00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have demonstrated the importance of cardiovascular diseases in Western countries. Among the cell types associated with a dysfunctional vasculature, smooth muscle (SM) cells are believed to play an essential role in the development of these illnesses. Vascular SM cells are key regulators of the vascular tone and also have an important function in the development of atherosclerosis and restenosis. While in the normal vasculature, contractile SM cells are predominant, in atherosclerotic vascular lesions, synthetic cells migrate toward the neointima, proliferate, and synthetize extracellular matrix proteins. In the present study, we have examined the role of caveolin-3 in the regulation of SM cell phenotype. Caveolin-3 is expressed in vivo in normal arterial SM cells, but its expression appears to be lost in cultured SM cells. Our data show that caveolin-3 expression in the A7r5 SM cell line is associated with increased expression of contractility markers such as SM α-actin, SM myosin heavy chain but decreased expression of the synthetic phenotype markers such as p-Elk and Klf4. Moreover, we also show that caveolin-3 expression can reduce proliferation upon treatment with LDL or PDGF. Finally, we show that caveolin-3-expressing SM cells are less sensitive to apoptosis than control cells upon treatment with oxidized LDL. Taken together, our data suggest that caveolin-3 can regulate the phenotypic switch between contractile and synthetic SM cells. A better understanding of the factors regulating caveolin-3 expression and function in this cell type will permit the development of a better comprehension of the factors regulating SM function in atherosclerosis and restenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge L Gutierrez-Pajares
- Faculté de Médecine, INSERM UMR1069 "Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer", Université François Rabelais de Tours , Tours , France ; Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia, PA , USA ; Department of Cancer Biology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia, PA , USA
| | - Jeannette Iturrieta
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia, PA , USA ; Department of Cancer Biology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia, PA , USA
| | - Vipin Dulam
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia, PA , USA ; Department of Cancer Biology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia, PA , USA
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia, PA , USA ; Department of Cancer Biology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia, PA , USA
| | - Stephanos Pavlides
- The Manchester Centre for Cellular Metabolism (MCCM), Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester , Manchester , UK ; The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Unit, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester , Manchester , UK
| | - Gabriella Malacari
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia, PA , USA ; Department of Cancer Biology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia, PA , USA
| | - Michael P Lisanti
- The Manchester Centre for Cellular Metabolism (MCCM), Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester , Manchester , UK ; The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Unit, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester , Manchester , UK
| | - Philippe G Frank
- Faculté de Médecine, INSERM UMR1069 "Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer", Université François Rabelais de Tours , Tours , France ; Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia, PA , USA ; Department of Cancer Biology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia, PA , USA ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia, PA , USA
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Chen YC, Wen ZH, Lee YH, Chen CL, Hung HC, Chen CH, Chen WF, Tsai MC. Dihydroaustrasulfone alcohol inhibits PDGF-induced proliferation and migration of human aortic smooth muscle cells through inhibition of the cell cycle. Mar Drugs 2015; 13:2390-406. [PMID: 25898413 PMCID: PMC4413217 DOI: 10.3390/md13042390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Dihydroaustrasulfone alcohol is the synthetic precursor of austrasulfone, which is a marine natural product, isolated from the Taiwanese soft coral Cladiella australis. Dihydroaustrasulfone alcohol has anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, antitumor and anti-atherogenic properties. Although dihydroaustrasulfone alcohol has been shown to inhibit neointima formation, its effect on human vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) has not been elucidated. We examined the effects and the mechanisms of action of dihydroaustrasulfone alcohol on proliferation, migration and phenotypic modulation of human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs). Dihydroaustrasulfone alcohol significantly inhibited proliferation, DNA synthesis and migration of HASMCs, without inducing cell death. Dihydroaustrasulfone alcohol also inhibited platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced expression of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) 2, CDK4, cyclin D1 and cyclin E. In addition, dihydroaustrasulfone alcohol inhibited PDGF-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), whereas it had no effect on the phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/(Akt). Moreover, treatment with PD98059, a highly selective ERK inhibitor, blocked PDGF-induced upregulation of cyclin D1 and cyclin E and downregulation of p27kip1. Furthermore, dihydroaustrasulfone alcohol also inhibits VSMC synthetic phenotype formation induced by PDGF. For in vivo studies, dihydroaustrasulfone alcohol decreased smooth muscle cell proliferation in a rat model of restenosis induced by balloon injury. Immunohistochemical staining showed that dihydroaustrasulfone alcohol noticeably decreased the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and altered VSMC phenotype from a synthetic to contractile state. Our findings provide important insights into the mechanisms underlying the vasoprotective actions of dihydroaustrasulfone alcohol and suggest that it may be a useful therapeutic agent for the treatment of vascular occlusive disease.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/administration & dosage
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/pharmacology
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use
- Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Aorta/cytology
- Butanones/administration & dosage
- Butanones/pharmacology
- Butanones/therapeutic use
- Cardiovascular Agents/administration & dosage
- Cardiovascular Agents/pharmacology
- Cardiovascular Agents/therapeutic use
- Carotid Artery Injuries/drug therapy
- Carotid Artery Injuries/immunology
- Carotid Artery Injuries/metabolism
- Carotid Artery Injuries/pathology
- Carotid Artery, Common/drug effects
- Carotid Artery, Common/immunology
- Carotid Artery, Common/metabolism
- Carotid Artery, Common/pathology
- Cell Cycle/drug effects
- Cell Cycle Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics
- Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Humans
- Injections, Intraperitoneal
- MAP Kinase Signaling System/drug effects
- Male
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/immunology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/antagonists & inhibitors
- Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/metabolism
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Sulfones/administration & dosage
- Sulfones/pharmacology
- Sulfones/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Chang Chen
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Lienhai Road, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Defense Medical Center, Sec. 6, Minquan E. Road, Taipei 11490, Taiwan.
| | - Zhi-Hong Wen
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Lienhai Road, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan.
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University and Academia Sinica, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
| | - Yen-Hsien Lee
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei 11042, Taiwan.
| | - Chu-Lun Chen
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics; Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Defense Medical Center, Sec. 6, Minquan E. Road, Taipei 11490, Taiwan.
| | - Han-Chun Hung
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University and Academia Sinica, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Hong Chen
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University and Academia Sinica, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
| | - Wu-Fu Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan.
| | - Min-Chien Tsai
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics; Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Defense Medical Center, Sec. 6, Minquan E. Road, Taipei 11490, Taiwan.
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Crosas-Molist E, Meirelles T, López-Luque J, Serra-Peinado C, Selva J, Caja L, Gorbenko Del Blanco D, Uriarte JJ, Bertran E, Mendizábal Y, Hernández V, García-Calero C, Busnadiego O, Condom E, Toral D, Castellà M, Forteza A, Navajas D, Sarri E, Rodríguez-Pascual F, Dietz HC, Fabregat I, Egea G. Vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic changes in patients with Marfan syndrome. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2015; 35:960-72. [PMID: 25593132 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.304412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Marfan's syndrome is characterized by the formation of ascending aortic aneurysms resulting from altered assembly of extracellular matrix microfibrils and chronic tissue growth factor (TGF)-β signaling. TGF-β is a potent regulator of the vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotype. We hypothesized that as a result of the chronic TGF-β signaling, VSMC would alter their basal differentiation phenotype, which could facilitate the formation of aneurysms. This study explores whether Marfan's syndrome entails phenotypic alterations of VSMC and possible mechanisms at the subcellular level. APPROACH AND RESULTS Immunohistochemical and Western blotting analyses of dilated aortas from Marfan patients showed overexpression of contractile protein markers (α-smooth muscle actin, smoothelin, smooth muscle protein 22 alpha, and calponin-1) and collagen I in comparison with healthy aortas. VSMC explanted from Marfan aortic aneurysms showed increased in vitro expression of these phenotypic markers and also of myocardin, a transcription factor essential for VSMC-specific differentiation. These alterations were generally reduced after pharmacological inhibition of the TGF-β pathway. Marfan VSMC in culture showed more robust actin stress fibers and enhanced RhoA-GTP levels, which was accompanied by increased focal adhesion components and higher nuclear localization of myosin-related transcription factor A. Marfan VSMC and extracellular matrix measured by atomic force microscopy were both stiffer than their respective controls. CONCLUSIONS In Marfan VSMC, both in tissue and in culture, there are variable TGF-β-dependent phenotypic changes affecting contractile proteins and collagen I, leading to greater cellular and extracellular matrix stiffness. Altogether, these alterations may contribute to the known aortic rigidity that precedes or accompanies Marfan's syndrome aneurysm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Crosas-Molist
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Thayna Meirelles
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Judit López-Luque
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Carla Serra-Peinado
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Javier Selva
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Laia Caja
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Darya Gorbenko Del Blanco
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Juan José Uriarte
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Esther Bertran
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Yolanda Mendizábal
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Vanessa Hernández
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Carolina García-Calero
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Oscar Busnadiego
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Enric Condom
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - David Toral
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Manel Castellà
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Alberto Forteza
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Daniel Navajas
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Elisabet Sarri
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Fernando Rodríguez-Pascual
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Harry C Dietz
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Isabel Fabregat
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Gustavo Egea
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.).
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35
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Fernandez I, Martin-Garrido A, Zhou DW, Clempus RE, Seidel-Rogol B, Valdivia A, Lassègue B, García AJ, Griendling KK, San Martin A. Hic-5 Mediates TGFβ-Induced Adhesion in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by a Nox4-Dependent Mechanism. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2015; 35:1198-206. [PMID: 25814672 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.305185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Focal adhesions (FAs) link the cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix and as such play important roles in growth, migration, and contractile properties of vascular smooth muscle cells. Recently, it has been shown that downregulation of Nox4, a transforming growth factor (TGF) β-inducible, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-producing enzyme, affects the number of FAs. However, the effectors downstream of Nox4 that mediate FA regulation are unknown. The FA resident protein H2O2-inducible clone (Hic)-5 is H2O2 and TGFβ inducible, and a binding partner of the heat shock protein (Hsp) 27. The objective of this study was to elucidate the mechanism, by which Hic-5 and Hsp27 participate in TGFβ-induced, Nox4-mediated vascular smooth muscle cell adhesion and migration. APPROACH AND RESULTS Through a combination of molecular biology and biochemistry techniques, we found that TGFβ, by a Nox4-dependent mechanism, induces the expression and interaction of Hic-5 and Hsp27, which is essential for Hic-5 localization to FAs. Importantly, we found that Hic-5 expression is required for the TGFβ-mediated increase in FA number, adhesive forces and migration. Mechanistically, Nox4 downregulation impedes Smad (small body size and mothers against decapentaplegic) signaling by TGFβ, and Hsp27 and Hic-5 upregulation by TGFβ is blocked in small body size and mothers against decapentaplegic 4-deficient cells. CONCLUSIONS Hic-5 and Hsp27 are effectors of Nox4 required for TGFβ-stimulated FA formation, adhesion strength and migration in vascular smooth muscle cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Fernandez
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (I.F., A.M.-G., R.E.C., B.S.-R., A.V., B.L., K.K.G., A.S.M.); and Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta (D.W.Z., A.J.G.)
| | - Abel Martin-Garrido
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (I.F., A.M.-G., R.E.C., B.S.-R., A.V., B.L., K.K.G., A.S.M.); and Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta (D.W.Z., A.J.G.)
| | - Dennis W Zhou
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (I.F., A.M.-G., R.E.C., B.S.-R., A.V., B.L., K.K.G., A.S.M.); and Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta (D.W.Z., A.J.G.)
| | - Roza E Clempus
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (I.F., A.M.-G., R.E.C., B.S.-R., A.V., B.L., K.K.G., A.S.M.); and Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta (D.W.Z., A.J.G.)
| | - Bonnie Seidel-Rogol
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (I.F., A.M.-G., R.E.C., B.S.-R., A.V., B.L., K.K.G., A.S.M.); and Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta (D.W.Z., A.J.G.)
| | - Alejandra Valdivia
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (I.F., A.M.-G., R.E.C., B.S.-R., A.V., B.L., K.K.G., A.S.M.); and Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta (D.W.Z., A.J.G.)
| | - Bernard Lassègue
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (I.F., A.M.-G., R.E.C., B.S.-R., A.V., B.L., K.K.G., A.S.M.); and Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta (D.W.Z., A.J.G.)
| | - Andrés J García
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (I.F., A.M.-G., R.E.C., B.S.-R., A.V., B.L., K.K.G., A.S.M.); and Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta (D.W.Z., A.J.G.)
| | - Kathy K Griendling
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (I.F., A.M.-G., R.E.C., B.S.-R., A.V., B.L., K.K.G., A.S.M.); and Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta (D.W.Z., A.J.G.).
| | - Alejandra San Martin
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (I.F., A.M.-G., R.E.C., B.S.-R., A.V., B.L., K.K.G., A.S.M.); and Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta (D.W.Z., A.J.G.)
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36
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Bertorello AM, Pires N, Igreja B, Pinho MJ, Vorkapic E, Wågsäter D, Wikström J, Behrendt M, Hamsten A, Eriksson P, Soares-da-Silva P, Brion L. Increased Arterial Blood Pressure and Vascular Remodeling in Mice Lacking Salt-Inducible Kinase 1 (SIK1). Circ Res 2015; 116:642-52. [DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.304529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Rationale:
In human genetic studies a single nucleotide polymorphism within the salt-inducible kinase 1 (
SIK1
) gene was associated with hypertension. Lower SIK1 activity in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) leads to decreased sodium-potassium ATPase activity, which associates with increased vascular tone. Also, SIK1 participates in a negative feedback mechanism on the transforming growth factor-β1 signaling and downregulation of SIK1 induces the expression of extracellular matrix remodeling genes.
Objective:
To evaluate whether reduced expression/activity of SIK1 alone or in combination with elevated salt intake could modify the structure and function of the vasculature, leading to higher blood pressure.
Methods and Results:
SIK1 knockout (
sik1
−/−
) and wild-type (
sik1
+/+
) mice were challenged to a normal- or chronic high-salt intake (1% NaCl). Under normal-salt conditions, the
sik1
−/−
mice showed increased collagen deposition in the aorta but similar blood pressure compared with the
sik1
+/+
mice. During high-salt intake, the
sik1
+/+
mice exhibited an increase in SIK1 expression in the VSMCs layer of the aorta, whereas the
sik1
−/−
mice exhibited upregulated transforming growth factor-β1 signaling and increased expression of endothelin-1 and genes involved in VSMC contraction, higher systolic blood pressure, and signs of cardiac hypertrophy. In vitro knockdown of SIK1 induced upregulation of collagen in aortic adventitial fibroblasts and enhanced the expression of contractile markers and of endothelin-1 in VSMCs.
Conclusions:
Vascular SIK1 activation might represent a novel mechanism involved in the prevention of high blood pressure development triggered by high-salt intake through the modulation of the contractile phenotype of VSMCs via transforming growth factor-β1-signaling inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro M. Bertorello
- From the Department of Medicine, Membrane Signaling Networks, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (A.M.B., L.B.); Department of Research and Development, Bial-Portela & Cª, S.A., S. Mamede do Coronado, Portugal (N.P., B.I., P.S.-d.-S.); MedInUP-Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (M.J.P., P.S.-d.-S.); Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (E.V., D.W., A.H., P.E.); Division
| | - Nuno Pires
- From the Department of Medicine, Membrane Signaling Networks, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (A.M.B., L.B.); Department of Research and Development, Bial-Portela & Cª, S.A., S. Mamede do Coronado, Portugal (N.P., B.I., P.S.-d.-S.); MedInUP-Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (M.J.P., P.S.-d.-S.); Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (E.V., D.W., A.H., P.E.); Division
| | - Bruno Igreja
- From the Department of Medicine, Membrane Signaling Networks, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (A.M.B., L.B.); Department of Research and Development, Bial-Portela & Cª, S.A., S. Mamede do Coronado, Portugal (N.P., B.I., P.S.-d.-S.); MedInUP-Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (M.J.P., P.S.-d.-S.); Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (E.V., D.W., A.H., P.E.); Division
| | - Maria João Pinho
- From the Department of Medicine, Membrane Signaling Networks, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (A.M.B., L.B.); Department of Research and Development, Bial-Portela & Cª, S.A., S. Mamede do Coronado, Portugal (N.P., B.I., P.S.-d.-S.); MedInUP-Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (M.J.P., P.S.-d.-S.); Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (E.V., D.W., A.H., P.E.); Division
| | - Emina Vorkapic
- From the Department of Medicine, Membrane Signaling Networks, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (A.M.B., L.B.); Department of Research and Development, Bial-Portela & Cª, S.A., S. Mamede do Coronado, Portugal (N.P., B.I., P.S.-d.-S.); MedInUP-Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (M.J.P., P.S.-d.-S.); Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (E.V., D.W., A.H., P.E.); Division
| | - Dick Wågsäter
- From the Department of Medicine, Membrane Signaling Networks, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (A.M.B., L.B.); Department of Research and Development, Bial-Portela & Cª, S.A., S. Mamede do Coronado, Portugal (N.P., B.I., P.S.-d.-S.); MedInUP-Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (M.J.P., P.S.-d.-S.); Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (E.V., D.W., A.H., P.E.); Division
| | - Johannes Wikström
- From the Department of Medicine, Membrane Signaling Networks, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (A.M.B., L.B.); Department of Research and Development, Bial-Portela & Cª, S.A., S. Mamede do Coronado, Portugal (N.P., B.I., P.S.-d.-S.); MedInUP-Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (M.J.P., P.S.-d.-S.); Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (E.V., D.W., A.H., P.E.); Division
| | - Margareta Behrendt
- From the Department of Medicine, Membrane Signaling Networks, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (A.M.B., L.B.); Department of Research and Development, Bial-Portela & Cª, S.A., S. Mamede do Coronado, Portugal (N.P., B.I., P.S.-d.-S.); MedInUP-Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (M.J.P., P.S.-d.-S.); Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (E.V., D.W., A.H., P.E.); Division
| | - Anders Hamsten
- From the Department of Medicine, Membrane Signaling Networks, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (A.M.B., L.B.); Department of Research and Development, Bial-Portela & Cª, S.A., S. Mamede do Coronado, Portugal (N.P., B.I., P.S.-d.-S.); MedInUP-Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (M.J.P., P.S.-d.-S.); Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (E.V., D.W., A.H., P.E.); Division
| | - Per Eriksson
- From the Department of Medicine, Membrane Signaling Networks, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (A.M.B., L.B.); Department of Research and Development, Bial-Portela & Cª, S.A., S. Mamede do Coronado, Portugal (N.P., B.I., P.S.-d.-S.); MedInUP-Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (M.J.P., P.S.-d.-S.); Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (E.V., D.W., A.H., P.E.); Division
| | - Patricio Soares-da-Silva
- From the Department of Medicine, Membrane Signaling Networks, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (A.M.B., L.B.); Department of Research and Development, Bial-Portela & Cª, S.A., S. Mamede do Coronado, Portugal (N.P., B.I., P.S.-d.-S.); MedInUP-Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (M.J.P., P.S.-d.-S.); Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (E.V., D.W., A.H., P.E.); Division
| | - Laura Brion
- From the Department of Medicine, Membrane Signaling Networks, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (A.M.B., L.B.); Department of Research and Development, Bial-Portela & Cª, S.A., S. Mamede do Coronado, Portugal (N.P., B.I., P.S.-d.-S.); MedInUP-Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (M.J.P., P.S.-d.-S.); Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (E.V., D.W., A.H., P.E.); Division
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Ohanian J, Pieri M, Ohanian V. Non-receptor tyrosine kinases and the actin cytoskeleton in contractile vascular smooth muscle. J Physiol 2014; 593:3807-14. [PMID: 25433074 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2014.284174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The contractility of vascular smooth muscle cells within the walls of arteries is regulated by mechanical stresses and vasoactive signals. Transduction of these diverse stimuli into a cellular response occurs through many different mechanisms, one being reorganisation of the actin cytoskeleton. In addition to a structural role in maintaining cellular architecture it is now clear that the actin cytoskeleton of contractile vascular smooth muscle cells is a dynamic structure reacting to changes in the cellular environment. Equally clear is that disrupting the cytoskeleton or interfering with its rearrangement, has profound effects on artery contractility. The actin cytoskeleton associates with dense plaques, also called focal adhesions, at the plasma membrane of smooth muscle cells. Vasoconstrictors and mechanical stress induce remodelling of the focal adhesions, concomitant with cytoskeletal reorganisation. Recent work has shown that non-receptor tyrosine kinases and tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion proteins such as paxillin and Hic-5 are important for actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesion remodelling and contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Ohanian
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Services Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Maria Pieri
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Services Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Vasken Ohanian
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Services Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Desai LP, Zhou Y, Estrada AV, Ding Q, Cheng G, Collawn JF, Thannickal VJ. Negative regulation of NADPH oxidase 4 by hydrogen peroxide-inducible clone 5 (Hic-5) protein. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:18270-8. [PMID: 24831009 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.562249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide-inducible clone 5 (Hic-5) is a focal adhesion adaptor protein induced by the profibrotic cytokine TGF-β1. We have demonstrated previously that TGF-β1 induces myofibroblast differentiation and lung fibrosis by activation of the reactive oxygen species-generating enzyme NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4). Here we investigated a potential role for Hic-5 in regulating Nox4, myofibroblast differentiation, and senescence. In normal human diploid fibroblasts, TGF-β1 induces Hic-5 expression in a delayed manner relative to the induction of Nox4 and myofibroblast differentiation. Hic-5 silencing induced constitutive Nox4 expression and enhanced TGF-β1-inducible Nox4 levels. The induction of constitutive Nox4 protein in Hic-5-silenced cells was independent of transcription and translation and controlled by the ubiquitin-proteasomal system. Hic-5 associates with the ubiquitin ligase Cbl-c and the ubiquitin-binding protein heat shock protein 27 (HSP27). The interaction of these proteins is required for the ubiquitination of Nox4 and for maintaining low basal levels of this reactive oxygen species-generating enzyme. Our model suggests that TGF-β1-induced Hic-5 functions as a negative feedback mechanism to limit myofibroblast differentiation and senescence by promoting the ubiquitin-proteasomal system-mediated degradation of Nox4. Together, these studies indicate that endogenous Hic-5 suppresses senescence and profibrotic activities of myofibroblasts by down-regulating Nox4 protein expression. Additionally, these are the first studies, to our knowledge, to demonstrate posttranslational regulation of Nox4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena P Desai
- From the Divisions of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine and
| | - Yong Zhou
- From the Divisions of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine and
| | - Aida V Estrada
- From the Divisions of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine and
| | - Qiang Ding
- From the Divisions of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine and
| | - Guangjie Cheng
- From the Divisions of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine and
| | - James F Collawn
- Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
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39
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Zheng XL. Myocardin and smooth muscle differentiation. Arch Biochem Biophys 2014; 543:48-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2013.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 12/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Wang Y, Hu G, Liu F, Wang X, Wu M, Schwarz JJ, Zhou J. Deletion of yes-associated protein (YAP) specifically in cardiac and vascular smooth muscle cells reveals a crucial role for YAP in mouse cardiovascular development. Circ Res 2014; 114:957-65. [PMID: 24478334 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.114.303411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Our previous study has shown that yes-associated protein (YAP) plays a crucial role in the phenotypic modulation of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in response to arterial injury. However, the role of YAP in vascular SMC development is unknown. OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to investigate the functional role of YAP in cardiovascular development in mice and determine the mechanisms underlying YAP's actions. METHODS AND RESULTS YAP was deleted in cardiomyocytes and vascular SMCs by crossing YAP flox mice with SM22α-Cre transgenic mice. Cardiac/SMC-specific deletion of YAP directed by SM22α-Cre resulted in perinatal lethality in mice because of profound cardiac defects including hypoplastic myocardium, membranous ventricular septal defect, and double outlet right ventricle. The cardiac/SMC-specific YAP knockout mice also displayed severe vascular abnormalities including hypoplastic arterial wall, short/absent brachiocephalic artery, and retroesophageal right subclavian artery. Deletion of YAP in mouse vascular SMCs induced expression of a subset of cell cycle arrest genes including G-protein-coupled receptor 132 (Gpr132). Silencing Gpr132 promoted SMC proliferation, whereas overexpression of Gpr132 attenuated SMC growth by arresting cell cycle in G0/G1 phase, suggesting that ablation of YAP-induced impairment of SMC proliferation was mediated, at least in part, by induction of Gpr132 expression. Mechanistically, YAP recruited the epigenetic repressor histone deacetylase-4 to suppress Gpr132 gene expression via a muscle CAT element in the Gpr132 gene. CONCLUSIONS YAP plays a critical role in cardiac/SMC proliferation during cardiovascular development by epigenetically regulating expression of a set of cell cycle suppressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta (Y.W., G.H., F.L., J.Z.); and Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, NY (X.W., M.W., J.J.S.)
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Liu F, Wang X, Hu G, Wang Y, Zhou J. The transcription factor TEAD1 represses smooth muscle-specific gene expression by abolishing myocardin function. J Biol Chem 2013; 289:3308-16. [PMID: 24344135 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.515817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The TEAD (transcriptional enhancer activator domain) proteins share an evolutionarily conserved DNA-binding TEA domain, which binds to the MCAT cis-acting regulatory element. Previous studies have shown that TEAD proteins are involved in regulating the expression of smooth muscle α-actin. However, it remains undetermined whether TEAD proteins play a broader role in regulating expression of other genes in vascular smooth muscle cells. In this study, we show that the expression of TEAD1 is significantly induced during smooth muscle cell phenotypic modulation and negatively correlates with smooth muscle-specific gene expression. We further demonstrate that TEAD1 plays a novel role in suppressing expression of smooth muscle-specific genes, including smooth muscle α-actin, by abolishing the promyogenic function of myocardin, a key mediator of smooth muscle differentiation. Mechanistically, we found that TEAD1 competes with myocardin for binding to serum response factor (SRF), resulting in disruption of myocardin and SRF interactions and thereby attenuating expression of smooth muscle-specific genes. This study provides the first evidence demonstrating that TEAD1 is a novel general repressor of smooth muscle-specific gene expression through interfering with myocardin binding to SRF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia 30912 and
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Van De Water L, Varney S, Tomasek JJ. Mechanoregulation of the Myofibroblast in Wound Contraction, Scarring, and Fibrosis: Opportunities for New Therapeutic Intervention. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2013; 2:122-141. [PMID: 24527336 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2012.0393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Myofibroblasts are responsible for wound closure that occurs in healed acute wounds. However, their actions can result in disfiguring scar contractures, compromised organ function, and a tumor promoting stroma. Understanding the mechanisms regulating their contractile machinery, gene expression, and lifespan is essential to develop new therapies to control their function. RECENT ADVANCES Mechanical stress and transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) regulate myofibroblast differentiation from mesenchymal progenitors. As these precursor cells differentiate, they assemble a contractile apparatus to generate the force used to contract wounds. The mechanisms by which mechanical stress promote expression of contractile genes through the TGF-β1 and serum response factor pathways and offer therapeutic targets to limit myofibroblast function are being elucidated. CRITICAL ISSUES Emerging evidence suggests that the integration of mechanical cues with intracellular signaling pathways is critical to myofibroblast function via its effects on gene expression, cellular contraction, and paracrine signaling with neighboring cells. In addition, while apoptosis is clearly one pathway that can limit myofibroblast lifespan, recent data suggest that pathogenic myofibroblasts can become senescent and adopt a more beneficial phenotype, or may revert to a quiescent state, thereby limiting their function. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Given the important role that myofibroblasts play in pathologies as disparate as cutaneous scarring, organ fibrosis, and tumor progression, knowledge gained in the areas of intracellular signaling networks, mechanical signal transduction, extracellular matrix biology, and cell fate will support efforts to develop new therapies with a wide impact.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Scott Varney
- Center for Cell Biology and Cancer Research, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
| | - James J. Tomasek
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
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Wang X, Hu G, Gao X, Wang Y, Zhang W, Harmon EY, Zhi X, Xu Z, Lennartz MR, Barroso M, Trebak M, Chen C, Zhou J. The induction of yes-associated protein expression after arterial injury is crucial for smooth muscle phenotypic modulation and neointima formation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2012; 32:2662-9. [PMID: 22922963 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.112.254730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Abnormal proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) are the key events in the progression of neointima formation in response to vascular injury. The goal of this study is to investigate the functional role of a potent oncogene yes-associated protein (YAP) in SM phenotypic modulation in vitro and in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS In vitro cell culture and in vivo in both mouse and rat arterial injury models YAP expression is significantly induced and correlated with the vascular SMC synthetic phenotype. Overexpression of YAP promotes SMC migration and proliferation while attenuating SM contractile gene expression. Conversely, knocking down endogenous YAP in SMCs upregulates SM gene expression but attenuates SMC proliferation and migration. Consistent with this, knocking down YAP expression in a rat carotid balloon injury model and genetic deletion of YAP, specifically, in vascular SMCs in mouse after carotid artery ligation injury attenuates injury-induced SM phenotypic switch and neointima formation. CONCLUSIONS YAP plays a novel integrative role in SM phenotypic modulation by inhibiting SM-specific gene expression while promoting SM proliferation and migration in vitro and in vivo. Blocking the induction of YAP would be a potential therapeutic approach for ameliorating vascular occlusive diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Wang
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Ave, Albany, NY 12208, USA
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