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Jiang P, Dai Z, Yang C, Ding L, Li S, Xu X, Cheng C, Wang J, Liu S. CFTR Inhibitors Display Antiviral Activity against Herpes Simplex Virus. Viruses 2024; 16:1308. [PMID: 39205282 PMCID: PMC11360776 DOI: 10.3390/v16081308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), a cAMP-dependent Cl- channel, is closely associated with multiple pathogen infections, such as SARS-CoV-2. However, whether the function of the CFTR is involved in herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection has not been reported. To evaluate the association of CFTR activity with HSV infection, the antiviral effect of CFTR inhibitors in epithelial cells and HSV-infected mice was tested in this study. The data showed that treatment with CFTR inhibitors in different concentrations, Glyh-101 (5-20 μM), CFTRi-172 (5-20 μM) and IOWH-032 (5-20 μM), or the gene silence of the CFTR could suppress herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) replication in human HaCaT keratinocytes cells, and that a CFTR inhibitor, Glyh-101 (10-20 μM), protected mice from HSV-1 and HSV-2 infection. Intracellular Cl- concentration ([Cl-]i) was decreased after HSV infection via the activation of adenylyl cyclase (AC)-cAMP signaling pathways. CFTR inhibitors (20 μM) increased the reduced [Cl-]i caused by HSV infection in host epithelial cells. Additionally, CFTR inhibitors reduced the activity and phosphorylation of SGK1 in infected cells and tissues (from the eye and vagina). Our study found that CFTR inhibitors can effectively suppress HSV-1 and HSV-2 infection, revealing a previously unknown role of CFTR inhibitors in HSV infection and suggesting new perspectives on the mechanisms governing HSV infection in host epithelial cells, as well as leading to potential novel treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Pharmaceutical Development, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Zhong Dai
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Pharmaceutical Development, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Chan Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Liqiong Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Songshan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xinfeng Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Chen Cheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jinshen Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shuwen Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Li HL, Go S, Chang JC, Verhoeven A, Elferink RO. Soluble adenylyl cyclase, the cell-autonomous member of the family. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166936. [PMID: 37951509 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) is the evolutionarily most ancient of a set of 10 adenylyl cyclases (Adcys). While Adcy1 to Adcy9 are cAMP-producing enzymes that are activated by G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), Adcy10 (sAC) is an intracellular adenylyl cyclase. sAC plays a pivotal role in numerous cellular processes, ranging from basic physiological functions to complex signaling cascades. As a distinct member of the adenylyl cyclase family, sAC is not activated by GPCRs and stands apart due to its unique characteristics, regulation, and localization within cells. This minireview aims to honour Ulli Brandt, the outgoing Executive Editor of our journal, Biochimica Biophysica Acta (BBA), and longstanding Executive Editor of the BBA section Bioenergetics. We will therefore focus this review on bioenergetic aspects of sAC and, in addition, review some important recent general developments in the field of research on sAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Lam Li
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Research Institute AGEM, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
| | - Simei Go
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Research Institute AGEM, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
| | - Jung-Chin Chang
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Research Institute AGEM, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
| | - Arthur Verhoeven
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Research Institute AGEM, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
| | - Ronald Oude Elferink
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Research Institute AGEM, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands.
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3
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Bizerra PFV, Gilglioni EH, Li HL, Go S, Oude Elferink RPJ, Verhoeven AJ, Chang JC. Opposite regulation of glycogen metabolism by cAMP produced in the cytosol and at the plasma membrane. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119585. [PMID: 37714306 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic AMP is produced in cells by two different types of adenylyl cyclases: at the plasma membrane by the transmembrane adenylyl cyclases (tmACs, ADCY1~ADCY9) and in the cytosol by the evolutionarily more conserved soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC, ADCY10). By employing high-resolution extracellular flux analysis in HepG2 cells to study glycogen breakdown in real time, we showed that cAMP regulates glycogen metabolism in opposite directions depending on its location of synthesis within cells and the downstream cAMP effectors. While the canonical tmAC-cAMP-PKA signaling promotes glycogenolysis, we demonstrate here that the non-canonical sAC-cAMP-Epac1 signaling suppresses glycogenolysis. Mechanistically, suppression of sAC-cAMP-Epac1 leads to Ser-15 phosphorylation and thereby activation of the liver-form glycogen phosphorylase to promote glycogenolysis. Our findings highlight the importance of cAMP microdomain organization for distinct metabolic regulation and establish sAC as a novel regulator of glycogen metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo F V Bizerra
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Eduardo H Gilglioni
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Signal Transduction and Metabolism Laboratory, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hang Lam Li
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM) Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Simei Go
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM) Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ronald P J Oude Elferink
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM) Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Arthur J Verhoeven
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jung-Chin Chang
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM) Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Division of Cell Biology, Metabolism & Cancer, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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Yusupova M, Zhou D, You J, Gonzalez-Guzman J, Ghanta MB, Pu H, Abdel-Malek Z, Chen Q, Gross SS, D'Orazio J, Ito S, Wakamatsu K, Harris ML, Zippin JH. Distinct cAMP Signaling Microdomains Differentially Regulate Melanosomal pH and Pigmentation. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:2019-2029.e3. [PMID: 37142186 PMCID: PMC10524761 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
cAMP signaling is a well-established regulator of melanin synthesis. Two distinct cAMP signaling pathways-the transmembrane adenylyl cyclase pathway, activated primarily by the MC1R, and the soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) pathway-affect melanin synthesis. The sAC pathway affects melanin synthesis by regulating melanosomal pH, and the MC1R pathway affects melanin synthesis by regulating gene expression and post-translational modifications. However, whether MC1R genotype affects melanosomal pH is poorly understood. We now report that loss of function MC1R does not affect melanosomal pH. Thus, sAC signaling appears to be the only cAMP signaling pathway that regulates melanosomal pH. We also addressed whether MC1R genotype affects sAC-dependent regulation of melanin synthesis. Although sAC loss of function in wild-type human melanocytes stimulates melanin synthesis, sAC loss of function has no effect on melanin synthesis in MC1R nonfunctional human and mouse melanocytes or skin and hair melanin in e/e mice. Interestingly, activation of transmembrane adenylyl cyclases, which increases epidermal eumelanin synthesis in e/e mice, leads to enhanced production of eumelanin in sAC-knockout mice relative to that in sAC wild-type mice. Thus, MC1R- and sAC-dependent cAMP signaling pathways define distinct mechanisms that regulate melanosomal pH and pigmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maftuna Yusupova
- Department of Dermatology, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dalee Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jaewon You
- Department of Dermatology, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jeydi Gonzalez-Guzman
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Megha B Ghanta
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Hong Pu
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Zalfa Abdel-Malek
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Qiuying Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Steven S Gross
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - John D'Orazio
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Shosuke Ito
- Institute for Melanin Chemistry, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Wakamatsu
- Institute for Melanin Chemistry, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Melissa L Harris
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Jonathan H Zippin
- Department of Dermatology, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA; Englander Institute of Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.
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5
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You J, Reilly MD, Eljalby M, Bareja R, Yusupova M, Vyas NS, Bang J, Ding W, Desman G, Miller LS, Elemento O, Granstein RD, Zippin JH. Soluble adenylyl cyclase contributes to imiquimod-mediated inflammation and is a potential therapeutic target in psoriasis. Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:1051-1062. [PMID: 37039485 PMCID: PMC10523866 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic AMP (cAMP) has a key role in psoriasis pathogenesis, as indicated by the therapeutic efficacy of phosphodiesterase inhibitors that prevent the degradation of cAMP. However, whether soluble adenylate cyclase (sAC) (encoded by the ADCY10 gene), which is an important source for cAMP, is involved in Th17 cell-mediated inflammation or could be an alternative therapeutic target in psoriasis is unknown. We have utilized the imiquimod model of murine psoriasiform dermatitis to address this question. Adcy10-/- mice had reduced erythema, scaling and swelling in the skin and reduced CD4+ IL17+ cell numbers in the draining lymph nodes, compared with wild-type mice after induction of psoriasiform dermatitis with imiquimod. Keratinocyte-specific knock out of Adcy10 had no effect on imiquimod-induced ear swelling suggesting keratinocyte sAC has no role in imiquimod-induced inflammation. During Th17 polarization in vitro, naive T cells from Adcy10-/- mice exhibited reduced IL17 secretion and IL-17+ T-cell proliferation suggesting that differentiation into Th17 cells is suppressed without sAC activity. Interestingly, loss of sAC did not impact the expression of Th17 lineage-defining transcription factors (such as Rorc and cMaf) but rather was required for CREB-dependent gene expression, which is known to support Th17 cell gene expression. Finally, topical application of small molecule sAC inhibitors (sACi) reduced imiquimod-induced psoriasiform dermatitis and Il17 gene expression in the skin. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that sAC is important for psoriasiform dermatitis in mouse skin. sACi may provide an alternative class of topical therapeutics for Th17-mediated skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaewon You
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, NY NY
| | | | | | - Rohan Bareja
- Englander Institute of Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, NY NY
| | | | - Nikki S. Vyas
- Departments of Pathology and Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY NY
| | - Jakyung Bang
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, NY NY
| | - Wanhong Ding
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, NY NY
| | - Garrett Desman
- Departments of Pathology and Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY NY
- ProHEALTH Care Associates, OptumCare, New Hyde Park, NY
| | - Lloyd S. Miller
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Immunology, Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA
| | - Olivier Elemento
- Englander Institute of Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, NY NY
| | | | - Jonathan H. Zippin
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, NY NY
- Englander Institute of Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, NY NY
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, NY NY
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Cong S, Zhang J, Pan F, Pan L, Zhang A, Ma J. Research progress on ion channels and their molecular regulatory mechanisms in the human sperm flagellum. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23052. [PMID: 37352114 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300756r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
The ion channels in sperm tail play an important role in triggering key physiological reactions, e.g., progressive motility, hyperactivation, required for successful fertilization. Among them, CatSper and KSper have been shown to be important ion channels for the transport of Ca2+ and K+ . Moreover, the voltage-gated proton channel Hv1, the sperm-specific sodium-hydrogen exchanger (sNHE), the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC), members of the temperature-sensitive TRP channel family, and the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) are also found in the flagellum. This review focuses on the latest advances in ion channels located at the flagellum, describes how they affect sperm physiological function, and summarizes some primary mutual regulation mechanism between ion channels, including PH, membrane potential, and cAMP. These ion channels may be promising targets for clinical application in infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Cong
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Feng Pan
- Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Lianjun Pan
- Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Aixia Zhang
- Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Jiehua Ma
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
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Greiser M, Karbowski M, Kaplan AD, Coleman AK, Verhoeven N, Mannella CA, Lederer WJ, Boyman L. Calcium and bicarbonate signaling pathways have pivotal, resonating roles in matching ATP production to demand. eLife 2023; 12:e84204. [PMID: 37272417 PMCID: PMC10284600 DOI: 10.7554/elife.84204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial ATP production in ventricular cardiomyocytes must be continually adjusted to rapidly replenish the ATP consumed by the working heart. Two systems are known to be critical in this regulation: mitochondrial matrix Ca2+ ([Ca2+]m) and blood flow that is tuned by local cardiomyocyte metabolic signaling. However, these two regulatory systems do not fully account for the physiological range of ATP consumption observed. We report here on the identity, location, and signaling cascade of a third regulatory system -- CO2/bicarbonate. CO2 is generated in the mitochondrial matrix as a metabolic waste product of the oxidation of nutrients. It is a lipid soluble gas that rapidly permeates the inner mitochondrial membrane and produces bicarbonate in a reaction accelerated by carbonic anhydrase. The bicarbonate level is tracked physiologically by a bicarbonate-activated soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC). Using structural Airyscan super-resolution imaging and functional measurements we find that sAC is primarily inside the mitochondria of ventricular cardiomyocytes where it generates cAMP when activated by bicarbonate. Our data strongly suggest that ATP production in these mitochondria is regulated by this cAMP signaling cascade operating within the inter-membrane space by activating local EPAC1 (Exchange Protein directly Activated by cAMP) which turns on Rap1 (Ras-related protein-1). Thus, mitochondrial ATP production is increased by bicarbonate-triggered sAC-signaling through Rap1. Additional evidence is presented indicating that the cAMP signaling itself does not occur directly in the matrix. We also show that this third signaling process involving bicarbonate and sAC activates the mitochondrial ATP production machinery by working independently of, yet in conjunction with, [Ca2+]m-dependent ATP production to meet the energy needs of cellular activity in both health and disease. We propose that the bicarbonate and calcium signaling arms function in a resonant or complementary manner to match mitochondrial ATP production to the full range of energy consumption in ventricular cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura Greiser
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
- Department of Physiology, University of Marylan School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
- Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center, University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Mariusz Karbowski
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland Baltimore School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Aaron David Kaplan
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Andrew Kyle Coleman
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
- Department of Physiology, University of Marylan School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Nicolas Verhoeven
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Carmen A Mannella
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
- Department of Physiology, University of Marylan School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
| | - W Jonathan Lederer
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
- Department of Physiology, University of Marylan School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland Baltimore School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Liron Boyman
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
- Department of Physiology, University of Marylan School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland Baltimore School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
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Wiggins SV, Schreiner R, Ferreira J, Marmorstein AD, Levin LR, Buck J. Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor Modulation of Intraocular Pressure Is Independent of Soluble Adenylyl Cyclase. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2023; 39:317-323. [PMID: 37097314 PMCID: PMC10398745 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2022.0180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: We investigated whether a clinically used carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (CAIs) can modulate intraocular pressure (IOP) through soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) signaling. Methods: IOP was measured 1 h after topical treatment with brinzolamide, a topically applied and clinically used CAIs, using direct cannulation of the anterior chamber in sAC knockout (KO) mice or C57BL/6J mice in the presence or absence of the sAC inhibitor (TDI-10229). Results: Mice treated with the sAC inhibitor TDI-10229 had elevated IOP. CAIs treatment significantly decreased increased intraocular pressure (IOP) in wild-type, sAC KO mice, as well as TDI-10229-treated mice. Conclusions: Inhibiting carbonic anhydrase reduces IOP independently from sAC in mice. Our studies suggest that the signaling cascade by which brinzolamide regulates IOP does not involve sAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakarr V. Wiggins
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ryan Schreiner
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jacob Ferreira
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Lonny R. Levin
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jochen Buck
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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9
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Xu W, Qadir MMF, Nasteska D, Mota de Sa P, Gorvin CM, Blandino-Rosano M, Evans CR, Ho T, Potapenko E, Veluthakal R, Ashford FB, Bitsi S, Fan J, Bhondeley M, Song K, Sure VN, Sakamuri SSVP, Schiffer L, Beatty W, Wyatt R, Frigo DE, Liu X, Katakam PV, Arlt W, Buck J, Levin LR, Hu T, Kolls J, Burant CF, Tomas A, Merrins MJ, Thurmond DC, Bernal-Mizrachi E, Hodson DJ, Mauvais-Jarvis F. Architecture of androgen receptor pathways amplifying glucagon-like peptide-1 insulinotropic action in male pancreatic β cells. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112529. [PMID: 37200193 PMCID: PMC10312392 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Male mice lacking the androgen receptor (AR) in pancreatic β cells exhibit blunted glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), leading to hyperglycemia. Testosterone activates an extranuclear AR in β cells to amplify glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) insulinotropic action. Here, we examined the architecture of AR targets that regulate GLP-1 insulinotropic action in male β cells. Testosterone cooperates with GLP-1 to enhance cAMP production at the plasma membrane and endosomes via: (1) increased mitochondrial production of CO2, activating the HCO3--sensitive soluble adenylate cyclase; and (2) increased Gαs recruitment to GLP-1 receptor and AR complexes, activating transmembrane adenylate cyclase. Additionally, testosterone enhances GSIS in human islets via a focal adhesion kinase/SRC/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 actin remodeling cascade. We describe the testosterone-stimulated AR interactome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome that contribute to these effects. This study identifies AR genomic and non-genomic actions that enhance GLP-1-stimulated insulin exocytosis in male β cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Xu
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA
| | - M M Fahd Qadir
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA; Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex-Based Biology & Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Daniela Nasteska
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research and Centre for Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Paula Mota de Sa
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA; Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex-Based Biology & Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Caroline M Gorvin
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research and Centre for Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Manuel Blandino-Rosano
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Charles R Evans
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Thuong Ho
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Evgeniy Potapenko
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Rajakrishnan Veluthakal
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Fiona B Ashford
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research and Centre for Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Stavroula Bitsi
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Jia Fan
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Manika Bhondeley
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA; Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex-Based Biology & Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Kejing Song
- Center for Translational Research in Infection and Inflammation, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Venkata N Sure
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Siva S V P Sakamuri
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Lina Schiffer
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research and Centre for Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Wandy Beatty
- Molecular Imaging Facility, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Rachael Wyatt
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research and Centre for Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Daniel E Frigo
- Departments of Cancer Systems Imaging and Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Xiaowen Liu
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Prasad V Katakam
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Wiebke Arlt
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research and Centre for Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; National Institute for Health Research Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK
| | - Jochen Buck
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Lonny R Levin
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Tony Hu
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Jay Kolls
- Center for Translational Research in Infection and Inflammation, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Charles F Burant
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Alejandra Tomas
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Matthew J Merrins
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Debbie C Thurmond
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Ernesto Bernal-Mizrachi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - David J Hodson
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research and Centre for Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Franck Mauvais-Jarvis
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA; Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex-Based Biology & Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
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10
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Sun S, Fushimi M, Rossetti T, Kaur N, Ferreira J, Miller M, Quast J, van den Heuvel J, Steegborn C, Levin LR, Buck J, Myers RW, Kargman S, Liverton N, Meinke PT, Huggins DJ. Scaffold Hopping and Optimization of Small Molecule Soluble Adenyl Cyclase Inhibitors Led by Free Energy Perturbation. J Chem Inf Model 2023; 63:2828-2841. [PMID: 37060320 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.2c01577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Free energy perturbation is a computational technique that can be used to predict how small changes to an inhibitor structure will affect the binding free energy to its target. In this paper, we describe the utility of free energy perturbation with FEP+ in the hit-to-lead stage of a drug discovery project targeting soluble adenyl cyclase. The project was structurally enabled by X-ray crystallography throughout. We employed free energy perturbation to first scaffold hop to a preferable chemotype and then optimize the binding affinity to sub-nanomolar levels while retaining druglike properties. The results illustrate that effective use of free energy perturbation can enable a drug discovery campaign to progress rapidly from hit to lead, facilitating proof-of-concept studies that enable target validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Sun
- Tri-Institutional Therapeutics Discovery Institute, New York, New York 10021, United States
| | - Makoto Fushimi
- Tri-Institutional Therapeutics Discovery Institute, New York, New York 10021, United States
| | - Thomas Rossetti
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, New York 10056, United States
| | - Navpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, New York 10056, United States
| | - Jacob Ferreira
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, New York 10056, United States
| | - Michael Miller
- Tri-Institutional Therapeutics Discovery Institute, New York, New York 10021, United States
| | - Jonathan Quast
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
| | | | - Clemens Steegborn
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
| | - Lonny R Levin
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, New York 10056, United States
| | - Jochen Buck
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, New York 10056, United States
| | - Robert W Myers
- Tri-Institutional Therapeutics Discovery Institute, New York, New York 10021, United States
| | - Stacia Kargman
- Tri-Institutional Therapeutics Discovery Institute, New York, New York 10021, United States
| | - Nigel Liverton
- Tri-Institutional Therapeutics Discovery Institute, New York, New York 10021, United States
| | - Peter T Meinke
- Tri-Institutional Therapeutics Discovery Institute, New York, New York 10021, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, New York 10056, United States
| | - David J Huggins
- Tri-Institutional Therapeutics Discovery Institute, New York, New York 10021, United States
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York 10065, United States
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11
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Balbach M, Rossetti T, Ferreira J, Ghanem L, Ritagliati C, Myers RW, Huggins DJ, Steegborn C, Miranda IC, Meinke PT, Buck J, Levin LR. On-demand male contraception via acute inhibition of soluble adenylyl cyclase. Nat Commun 2023; 14:637. [PMID: 36788210 PMCID: PMC9929232 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36119-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Nearly half of all pregnancies are unintended; thus, existing family planning options are inadequate. For men, the only choices are condoms and vasectomy, and most current efforts to develop new contraceptives for men impact sperm development, meaning that contraception requires months of continuous pretreatment. Here, we provide proof-of-concept for an innovative strategy for on-demand contraception, where a man would take a birth control pill shortly before sex, only as needed. Soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) is essential for sperm motility and maturation. We show a single dose of a safe, acutely-acting sAC inhibitor with long residence time renders male mice temporarily infertile. Mice exhibit normal mating behavior, and full fertility returns the next day. These studies define sAC inhibitors as leads for on-demand contraceptives for men, and they provide in vivo proof-of-concept for previously untested paradigms in contraception; on-demand contraception after just a single dose and pharmacological contraception for men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Balbach
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas Rossetti
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jacob Ferreira
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lubna Ghanem
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carla Ritagliati
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert W Myers
- Tri-Institutional Therapeutics Discovery Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - David J Huggins
- Tri-Institutional Therapeutics Discovery Institute, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Clemens Steegborn
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Ileana C Miranda
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Peter T Meinke
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Tri-Institutional Therapeutics Discovery Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jochen Buck
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Lonny R Levin
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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12
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Köhler S, Winkler U, Junge T, Lippmann K, Eilers J, Hirrlinger J. Gray and white matter astrocytes differ in basal metabolism but respond similarly to neuronal activity. Glia 2023; 71:229-244. [PMID: 36063073 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Astrocytes are a heterogeneous population of glial cells in the brain, which adapt their properties to the requirements of the local environment. Two major groups of astrocytes are protoplasmic astrocytes residing in gray matter as well as fibrous astrocytes of white matter. Here, we compared the energy metabolism of astrocytes in the cortex and corpus callosum as representative gray matter and white matter regions, in acute brain slices taking advantage of genetically encoded fluorescent nanosensors for the NADH/NAD+ redox ratio and for ATP. Astrocytes of the corpus callosum presented a more reduced basal NADH/NAD+ redox ratio, and a lower cytosolic concentration of ATP compared to cortical astrocytes. In cortical astrocytes, the neurotransmitter glutamate and increased extracellular concentrations of K+ , typical correlates of neuronal activity, induced a more reduced NADH/NAD+ redox ratio. While application of glutamate decreased [ATP], K+ as well as the combination of glutamate and K+ resulted in an increase of ATP levels. Strikingly, a very similar regulation of metabolism by K+ and glutamate was observed in astrocytes in the corpus callosum. Finally, strong intrinsic neuronal activity provoked by application of bicuculline and withdrawal of Mg2+ caused a shift of the NADH/NAD+ redox ratio to a more reduced state as well as a slight reduction of [ATP] in gray and white matter astrocytes. In summary, the metabolism of astrocytes in cortex and corpus callosum shows distinct basal properties, but qualitatively similar responses to neuronal activity, probably reflecting the different environment and requirements of these brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Köhler
- Faculty of Medicine, Carl-Ludwig-Institute for Physiology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulrike Winkler
- Faculty of Medicine, Carl-Ludwig-Institute for Physiology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tabea Junge
- Faculty of Medicine, Carl-Ludwig-Institute for Physiology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kristina Lippmann
- Faculty of Medicine, Carl-Ludwig-Institute for Physiology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jens Eilers
- Faculty of Medicine, Carl-Ludwig-Institute for Physiology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Johannes Hirrlinger
- Faculty of Medicine, Carl-Ludwig-Institute for Physiology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Neurogenetics, Max-Planck-Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
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13
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Dos Santos Claro PA, Silbermins M, Inda C, Silberstein S. CRHR1 endocytosis: Spatiotemporal regulation of receptor signaling. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2023; 196:229-260. [PMID: 36813360 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2022.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) is crucial for basal and stress-initiated reactions in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) and extrahypothalamic brain circuits, where it acts as a neuromodulator to organize behavioral and humoral responses to stress. We review and describe cellular components and molecular mechanisms involved in CRH system signaling through G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) CRHR1 and CRHR2, under the current view of GPCR signaling from the plasma membrane but also from intracellular compartments, which establish the bases of signal resolution in space and time. Focus is placed on latest studies of CRHR1 signaling in physiologically significant contexts of the neurohormone function that disclosed new mechanistic features of cAMP production and ERK1/2 activation. We also introduce in a brief overview the pathophysiological function of the CRH system, underlining the need for a complete characterization of CRHRs signaling to design new and specific therapies for stress-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula A Dos Santos Claro
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA)-CONICET-Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Micaela Silbermins
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA)-CONICET-Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carolina Inda
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Octamer SRL, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Susana Silberstein
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA)-CONICET-Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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14
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Miller M, Rossetti T, Ferreira J, Ghanem L, Balbach M, Kaur N, Levin LR, Buck J, Kehr M, Coquille S, van den Heuvel J, Steegborn C, Fushimi M, Finkin-Groner E, Myers RW, Kargman S, Liverton NJ, Huggins DJ, Meinke PT. Design, Synthesis, and Pharmacological Evaluation of Second-Generation Soluble Adenylyl Cyclase (sAC, ADCY10) Inhibitors with Slow Dissociation Rates. J Med Chem 2022; 65:15208-15226. [PMID: 36346696 PMCID: PMC9866367 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC: ADCY10) is an enzyme involved in intracellular signaling. Inhibition of sAC has potential therapeutic utility in a number of areas. For example, sAC is integral to successful male fertility: sAC activation is required for sperm motility and ability to undergo the acrosome reaction, two processes central to oocyte fertilization. Pharmacologic evaluation of existing sAC inhibitors for utility as on-demand, nonhormonal male contraceptives suggested that both high intrinsic potency, fast on and slow dissociation rates are essential design elements for successful male contraceptive applications. During the course of the medicinal chemistry campaign described here, we identified sAC inhibitors that fulfill these criteria and are suitable for in vivo evaluation of diverse sAC pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Miller
- Tri-Institutional Therapeutics Discovery Institute, New York, New York 10021, United States
| | - Thomas Rossetti
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10021, United States
| | - Jacob Ferreira
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10021, United States
| | - Lubna Ghanem
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10021, United States
| | - Melanie Balbach
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10021, United States
| | - Navpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10021, United States
| | - Lonny R. Levin
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10021, United States
| | - Jochen Buck
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10021, United States
| | - Maria Kehr
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Sandrine Coquille
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Joop van den Heuvel
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Recombinant Protein Expression, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Clemens Steegborn
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Makoto Fushimi
- Tri-Institutional Therapeutics Discovery Institute, New York, New York 10021, United States
| | - Efrat Finkin-Groner
- Tri-Institutional Therapeutics Discovery Institute, New York, New York 10021, United States
| | - Robert W. Myers
- Tri-Institutional Therapeutics Discovery Institute, New York, New York 10021, United States
| | - Stacia Kargman
- Tri-Institutional Therapeutics Discovery Institute, New York, New York 10021, United States
| | - Nigel J. Liverton
- Tri-Institutional Therapeutics Discovery Institute, New York, New York 10021, United States
| | - David J. Huggins
- Tri-Institutional Therapeutics Discovery Institute, New York, New York 10021, United States; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10021, United States
| | - Peter T. Meinke
- Tri-Institutional Therapeutics Discovery Institute, New York, New York 10021, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10021, United States
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15
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Cordero-Martínez J, Jimenez-Gutierrez GE, Aguirre-Alvarado C, Alacántara-Farfán V, Chamorro-Cevallos G, Roa-Espitia AL, Hernández-González EO, Rodríguez-Páez L. Participation of signaling proteins in sperm hyperactivation. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2022; 68:315-330. [DOI: 10.1080/19396368.2022.2122761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Cordero-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Farmacológica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | - Charmina Aguirre-Alvarado
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Farmacológica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunología e Infectología Centro Médico Nacional La Raza, IMSS, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Verónica Alacántara-Farfán
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Farmacológica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Germán Chamorro-Cevallos
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Preclínica Departamento de Farmacia Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Ana L. Roa-Espitia
- Departamento de Biología Celular Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México City, Mexico
| | - Enrique O. Hernández-González
- Departamento de Biología Celular Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México City, Mexico
| | - Lorena Rodríguez-Páez
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Farmacológica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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16
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Rossetti T, Ferreira J, Ghanem L, Buck H, Steegborn C, Myers RW, Meinke PT, Levin LR, Buck J. Assessing potency and binding kinetics of soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) inhibitors to maximize therapeutic potential. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1013845. [PMID: 36246105 PMCID: PMC9554468 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1013845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammalian cells, 10 different adenylyl cyclases produce the ubiquitous second messenger, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Amongst these cAMP-generating enzymes, bicarbonate (HCO3 -)-regulated soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC; ADCY10) is uniquely essential in sperm for reproduction. For this reason, sAC has been proposed as a potential therapeutic target for non-hormonal contraceptives for men. Here, we describe key sAC-focused in vitro assays to identify and characterize sAC inhibitors for therapeutic use. The affinity and binding kinetics of an inhibitor can greatly influence in vivo efficacy, therefore, we developed improved assays for assessing these efficacy defining features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Rossetti
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jacob Ferreira
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Lubna Ghanem
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Hannes Buck
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Clemens Steegborn
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Robert W. Myers
- Tri-Institutional Therapeutics Discovery Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Peter T. Meinke
- Tri-Institutional Therapeutics Discovery Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Lonny R. Levin
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jochen Buck
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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17
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Drozdz MM, Doane AS, Alkallas R, Desman G, Bareja R, Reilly M, Bang J, Yusupova M, You J, Eraslan Z, Wang JZ, Verma A, Aguirre K, Kane E, Watson IR, Elemento O, Piskounova E, Merghoub T, Zippin JH. A nuclear cAMP microdomain suppresses tumor growth by Hippo pathway inactivation. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111412. [PMID: 36170819 PMCID: PMC9549417 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclic AMP (cAMP) signaling is localized to multiple spatially distinct microdomains, but the role of cAMP microdomains in cancer cell biology is poorly understood. Here, we present a tunable genetic system that allows us to activate cAMP signaling in specific microdomains. We uncover a nuclear cAMP microdomain that activates a tumor-suppressive pathway in a broad range of cancers by inhibiting YAP, a key effector protein of the Hippo pathway, inside the nucleus. We show that nuclear cAMP induces a LATS-dependent pathway leading to phosphorylation of nuclear YAP solely at serine 397 and export of YAP from the nucleus with no change in YAP protein stability. Thus, nuclear cAMP inhibition of nuclear YAP is distinct from other known mechanisms of Hippo regulation. Pharmacologic targeting of specific cAMP microdomains remains an untapped therapeutic approach for cancer; thus, drugs directed at the nuclear cAMP microdomain may provide avenues for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek M. Drozdz
- Department of Dermatology, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ashley S. Doane
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York NY 10065, USA
| | - Rached Alkallas
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada,Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada,McGill Genome Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Garrett Desman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Rohan Bareja
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York NY 10065, USA,Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Michael Reilly
- Department of Dermatology, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jakyung Bang
- Department of Dermatology, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Maftuna Yusupova
- Department of Dermatology, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jaewon You
- Department of Dermatology, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Zuhal Eraslan
- Department of Dermatology, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jenny Z. Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Akanksha Verma
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York NY 10065, USA
| | - Kelsey Aguirre
- Department of Dermatology, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Elsbeth Kane
- Department of Dermatology, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ian R. Watson
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Olivier Elemento
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York NY 10065, USA,Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Elena Piskounova
- Department of Dermatology, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA,Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA,Senior author
| | - Taha Merghoub
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA,Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Immunology Program, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA,Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA,Department of Pharmacology, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA,Senior author
| | - Jonathan H. Zippin
- Department of Dermatology, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA,Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York NY 10065, USA,Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA,Department of Pharmacology, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA,Senior author,Lead contact,Correspondence:
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18
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Frintrop L, Wiesehöfer C, Stoskus A, Hilken G, Dubicanac M, von Ostau NE, Rode S, Elgeti J, Dankert JT, Wennemuth G. cAMP and the Fibrous Sheath Protein CABYR (Ca2+-Binding Tyrosine-Phosphorylation-Regulated Protein) Is Required for 4D Sperm Movement. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810607. [PMID: 36142535 PMCID: PMC9502204 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A new life starts with successful fertilization whereby one sperm from a pool of millions fertilizes the oocyte. Sperm motility is one key factor for this selection process, which depends on a coordinated flagellar movement. The flagellar beat cycle is regulated by Ca2+ entry via CatSper, cAMP, Mg2+, ADP and ATP. This study characterizes the effects of these parameters for 4D sperm motility, especially for flagellar movement and the conserved clockwise (CW) path chirality of murine sperm. Therefore, we use detergent-extracted mouse sperm and digital holographic microscopy (DHM) to show that a balanced ratio of ATP to Mg2+ in addition with 18 µM cAMP and 1 mM ADP is necessary for controlled flagellar movement, induction of rolling along the long axis and CW path chirality. Rolling along the sperm’s long axis, a proposed mechanism for sperm selection, is absent in sea urchin sperm, lacking flagellar fibrous sheath (FS) and outer-dense fibers (ODFs). In sperm lacking CABYR, a Ca2+-binding tyrosine-phosphorylation regulated protein located in the FS, the swim path chirality is preserved. We conclude that specific concentrations of ATP, ADP, cAMP and Mg2+ as well as a functional CABYR play an important role for sperm motility especially for path chirality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Frintrop
- Institute of Anatomy, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Caroline Wiesehöfer
- Institute of Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, University Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Essen, Germany
| | - Aura Stoskus
- Institute of Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, University Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Essen, Germany
| | - Gero Hilken
- Central Animal Laboratory, University Hospital Essen, 47057 Essen, Germany
| | - Marko Dubicanac
- Central Animal Laboratory, University Hospital Essen, 47057 Essen, Germany
| | | | - Sebastian Rode
- Theoretical Soft Matter and Biophysics, Institute of Complex Systems and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Jens Elgeti
- Theoretical Soft Matter and Biophysics, Institute of Complex Systems and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Jaroslaw Thomas Dankert
- Institute of Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, University Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Essen, Germany
| | - Gunther Wennemuth
- Institute of Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, University Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Essen, Germany
- Correspondence:
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19
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Ferreira J, Levin LR, Buck J. Strategies to safely target widely expressed soluble adenylyl cyclase for contraception. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:953903. [PMID: 36091839 PMCID: PMC9452739 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.953903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, the prototypical second messenger cyclic AMP is produced by 10 adenylyl cyclase isoforms, which are divided into two classes. Nine isoforms are G protein coupled transmembrane adenylyl cyclases (tmACs; ADCY1-9) and the 10th is the bicarbonate regulated soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC; ADCY10). This review details why sAC is uniquely druggable and outlines ways to target sAC for novel forms of male and female contraception.
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20
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Multiomics Approach Reveals an Important Role of BNIP3 in Myocardial Remodeling and the Pathogenesis of Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091572. [PMID: 35563877 PMCID: PMC9105187 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous work showed a role of BNIP3 in myocardial remodeling and progression to HFrEF. We utilized a multiomics approach to unravel BNIP3-related molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of HFrEF. BNIP3 knockdown in HFrEF improved glycolysis, pyruvate metabolism, branched-chain amino acid catabolism, and oxidative phosphorylation, and restored endoplasmic reticulum (ER)–mitochondrial (mt) calcium and ion homeostasis. These effects of BNIP3 on cardiac metabolism were related to its interaction and downregulation, and/or phosphorylation, of specific mt-proteins involved in the aforementioned metabolic pathways, including the MICOS and SLC25A families of carrier proteins. BNIP3 affected ER–mt-calcium and ion homeostasis via its interaction-induced VDAC1 dimerization and modulation of VDAC1 phosphorylation at Ser104 and Ser241, and the downregulation of LETM1. At the ER level, BNIP3 interacted with the enzyme SERCA2a and the PKA signaling complex, leading to the downregulation of SERCA2a and PKA-mediated Ser16 phospholamban phosphorylation. Additionally, BNIP3 attenuated AMPK and PRKCE activity by modulating AMPK phosphorylation at Ser485/491 and Ser377 residues, and PRKCE phosphorylation at Thr521 and Thr710 residues. BNIP3 also interacted with sarcomeric, cytoskeletal, and cellular transcription and translation proteins, and affected their expression and/or phosphorylation. In conclusion, BNIP3 modulates multiple pathobiological processes and constitutes an attractive therapeutic target in HFrEF.
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21
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Emerging Role of cAMP/AMPK Signaling. Cells 2022; 11:cells11020308. [PMID: 35053423 PMCID: PMC8774420 DOI: 10.3390/cells11020308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The 5′-Adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a natural energy sensor in mammalian cells that plays a key role in cellular and systemic energy homeostasis. At the cellular level, AMPK supports numerous processes required for energy and redox homeostasis, including mitochondrial biogenesis, autophagy, and glucose and lipid metabolism. Thus, understanding the pathways regulating AMPK activity is crucial for developing strategies to treat metabolic disorders. Mounting evidence suggests the presence of a link between cyclic AMP (cAMP) and AMPK signaling. cAMP signaling is known to be activated in circumstances of physiological and metabolic stress due to the release of stress hormones, such as adrenaline and glucagon, which is followed by activation of membrane-bound adenylyl cyclase and elevation of cellular cAMP. Because the majority of physiological stresses are associated with elevated energy consumption, it is not surprising that activation of cAMP signaling may promote AMPK activity. Aside from the physiological role of the cAMP/AMPK axis, numerous reports have suggested its role in several pathologies, including inflammation, ischemia, diabetes, obesity, and aging. Furthermore, novel reports have provided more mechanistic insight into the regulation of the cAMP/AMPK axis. In particular, the role of distinct cAMP microdomains generated by soluble adenylyl cyclase in regulating basal and induced AMPK activity has recently been demonstrated. In the present review, we discuss current advances in the understanding of the regulation of the cAMP/AMPK axis and its role in cellular homeostasis and explore some translational aspects.
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22
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Balbach M, Fushimi M, Huggins DJ, Steegborn C, Meinke PT, Levin LR, Buck J. Optimization of lead compounds into on-demand, nonhormonal contraceptives: leveraging a public-private drug discovery institute collaboration†. Biol Reprod 2021; 103:176-182. [PMID: 32307523 PMCID: PMC7401349 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioaa052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Efforts to develop new male or female nonhormonal, orally available contraceptives assume that to be effective and safe, targets must be (1) essential for fertility; (2) amenable to targeting by small-molecule inhibitors; and (3) restricted to the germline. In this perspective, we question the third assumption and propose that despite its wide expression, soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC: ADCY10), which is essential for male fertility, is a valid target. We hypothesize that an acute-acting sAC inhibitor may provide orally available, on-demand, nonhormonal contraception for men without adverse, mechanism-based effects. To test this concept, we describe a collaboration between academia and the unique capabilities of a public-private drug discovery institute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Balbach
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Makoto Fushimi
- Tri-Institutional Therapeutics Discovery Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - David J Huggins
- Tri-Institutional Therapeutics Discovery Institute, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Clemens Steegborn
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Peter T Meinke
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Tri-Institutional Therapeutics Discovery Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lonny R Levin
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jochen Buck
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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23
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Balbach M, Ghanem L, Rossetti T, Kaur N, Ritagliati C, Ferreira J, Krapf D, Puga Molina LC, Santi CM, Hansen JN, Wachten D, Fushimi M, Meinke PT, Buck J, Levin LR. Soluble adenylyl cyclase inhibition prevents human sperm functions essential for fertilization. Mol Hum Reprod 2021; 27:6360468. [PMID: 34463764 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaab054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC: ADCY10) has been genetically confirmed to be essential for male fertility in mice and humans. In mice, ex vivo studies of dormant, caudal epididymal sperm demonstrated that sAC is required for initiating capacitation and activating motility. We now use an improved sAC inhibitor, TDI-10229, for a comprehensive analysis of sAC function in mouse and human sperm. In contrast to caudal epididymal mouse sperm, human sperm are collected post-ejaculation, after sAC activity has already been stimulated. In addition to preventing the capacitation-induced stimulation of sAC and protein kinase A activities, tyrosine phosphorylation, alkalinization, beat frequency and acrosome reaction in dormant mouse sperm, sAC inhibitors interrupt each of these capacitation-induced changes in ejaculated human sperm. Furthermore, we show for the first time that sAC is required during acrosomal exocytosis in mouse and human sperm. These data define sAC inhibitors as candidates for non-hormonal, on-demand contraceptives suitable for delivery via intravaginal devices in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Balbach
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Lubna Ghanem
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Thomas Rossetti
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Navpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Carla Ritagliati
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA.,Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction Networks, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Jacob Ferreira
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Dario Krapf
- Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction Networks, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Lis C Puga Molina
- Department of OB/GYN, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Celia Maria Santi
- Department of OB/GYN, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jan Niklas Hansen
- Biophysical Imaging, Institute of Innate Immunity, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dagmar Wachten
- Biophysical Imaging, Institute of Innate Immunity, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Makoto Fushimi
- Tri-Institutional Therapeutics Discovery Institute, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Peter T Meinke
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA.,Tri-Institutional Therapeutics Discovery Institute, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Jochen Buck
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Lonny R Levin
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
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24
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Kumar M, Das S, Sen A, Abhishek K, Shafi MT, Bamra T, Kumar A, Kumar V, Kumar A, Mukharjee R, Dikhit MR, Pandey K, Das P. Oxidant activated soluble adenylate cyclase of Leishmania donovani regulates the cAMP-PKA signaling axis for its intra-macrophage survival during infection. J Cell Biochem 2021; 122:1413-1427. [PMID: 34101889 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) is a stress sensor molecule that transduces the cellular signal when Leishmania donovani moves from insect vector to mammalian host. At this stage, the parasite membrane-bound receptor adenylate cyclase predominantly produces cAMP to cope with the oxidative assault imposed by host macrophages. However, the role of soluble adenylate cyclase of L. donovani (LdHemAC) has not been investigated fully. In the present investigation, we monitored an alternative pool of cAMP, maintained by LdHemAC. The elevated cAMP effectively transmits signals by binding to Protein Kinase A (PKA) present in the cytosol and regulates antioxidant gene expression and phosphorylates several unknown PKA substrate proteins. Menadione-catalyzed production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) mimics host oxidative condition in vitro in parasites where cAMP production and PKA activity were found increased by ~1.54 ± 0.35, and ~1.78 ± 0.47-fold, respectively while expression of LdHemAC gene elevated by ~2.18 ± 0.17-fold. The LdHemAC sense these oxidants and became activated to cyclize ATP to enhance the cAMP basal level that regulates antioxidant gene expression to rescue parasites from oxidative stress. In knockdown parasites (LdHemAC-KD), the downregulated antioxidant genes expression, namely, Sod (2.30 ± 0.46), Pxn (2.73 ± 0.15), Tdr (2.7 ± 0.12), and Gss (1.57 ± 0.15) results in decreased parasite viability while in overexpressed parasites (LdHemAC-OE), the expression was upregulated by ~5.7 ± 0.35, ~2.57 ± 0.56, ~4.7 ± 0.36, and ~2.4 ± 0.83, respectively, which possibly overcomes ROS accumulation and enhances viability. Furthermore, LdHemAC-OE higher PKA activity regulates phosphorylation of substrate proteins (~56 kDs in membrane fraction and ~25 kDs in the soluble fraction). It reduced significantly when treated with inhibitors like DDA, Rp-cAMP, and H-89 and increased by ~2.1 ± 0.28-fold, respectively under oxidative conditions. The LdHemAC-KD was found less infective to RAW 264.7 macrophages and more prone to oxidative damage as compared to LdHemAC-OE and control parasites. Together, this study demonstrates mechanistic links among LdHemAC, cAMP, and PKA in parasite survival and invasion under host oxidative condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjay Kumar
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Sushmita Das
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Phulwarisarif, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Abhik Sen
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Kumar Abhishek
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Md Taj Shafi
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Tanvir Bamra
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Rimi Mukharjee
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Manas R Dikhit
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Krishna Pandey
- Division of Clinical Medicine, ICMR-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Pradeep Das
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, India.,Department of Microbiology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sheikhpura, Patna, Bihar, India
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25
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Role of cAMP in Double Switch of Glucagon Secretion. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040896. [PMID: 33919776 PMCID: PMC8070687 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose metabolism plays a crucial role in modulating glucagon secretion in pancreatic alpha cells. However, the downstream effects of glucose metabolism and the activated signaling pathways influencing glucagon granule exocytosis are still obscure. We developed a computational alpha cell model, implementing metabolic pathways of glucose and free fatty acids (FFA) catabolism and an intrinsically activated cAMP signaling pathway. According to the model predictions, increased catabolic activity is able to suppress the cAMP signaling pathway, reducing exocytosis in a Ca2+-dependent and Ca2+ independent manner. The effect is synergistic to the pathway involving ATP-dependent closure of KATP channels and consequent reduction of Ca2+. We analyze the contribution of each pathway to glucagon secretion and show that both play decisive roles, providing a kind of "secure double switch". The cAMP-driven signaling switch plays a dominant role, while the ATP-driven metabolic switch is less favored. The ratio is approximately 60:40, according to the most recent experimental evidence.
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26
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Salmerón C, Harter TS, Kwan GT, Roa JN, Blair SD, Rummer JL, Shiels HA, Goss GG, Wilson RW, Tresguerres M. Molecular and biochemical characterization of the bicarbonate-sensing soluble adenylyl cyclase from a bony fish, the rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Interface Focus 2021; 11:20200026. [PMID: 33633829 DOI: 10.1098/rsfs.2020.0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) is a HC O 3 - -stimulated enzyme that produces the ubiquitous signalling molecule cAMP, and deemed an evolutionarily conserved acid-base sensor. However, its presence is not yet confirmed in bony fishes, the most abundant and diverse of vertebrates. Here, we identified sAC genes in various cartilaginous, ray-finned and lobe-finned fish species. Next, we focused on rainbow trout sAC (rtsAC) and identified 20 potential alternative spliced mRNAs coding for protein isoforms ranging in size from 28 to 186 kDa. Biochemical and kinetic analyses on purified recombinant rtsAC protein determined stimulation by HC O 3 - at physiologically relevant levels for fish internal fluids (EC50 ∼ 7 mM). rtsAC activity was sensitive to KH7, LRE1, and DIDS (established inhibitors of sAC from other organisms), and insensitive to forskolin and 2,5-dideoxyadenosine (modulators of transmembrane adenylyl cyclases). Western blot and immunocytochemistry revealed high rtsAC expression in gill ion-transporting cells, hepatocytes, red blood cells, myocytes and cardiomyocytes. Analyses in the cell line RTgill-W1 suggested that some of the longer rtsAC isoforms may be preferentially localized in the nucleus, the Golgi apparatus and podosomes. These results indicate that sAC is poised to mediate multiple acid-base homeostatic responses in bony fishes, and provide cues about potential novel functions in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Salmerón
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Till S Harter
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Garfield T Kwan
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jinae N Roa
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Salvatore D Blair
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Biology, Winthrop University, Rock Hill, SC, USA
| | - Jodie L Rummer
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Holly A Shiels
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, UK
| | - Greg G Goss
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Rod W Wilson
- Department of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Martin Tresguerres
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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27
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Rossetti T, Jackvony S, Buck J, Levin LR. Bicarbonate, carbon dioxide and pH sensing via mammalian bicarbonate-regulated soluble adenylyl cyclase. Interface Focus 2021; 11:20200034. [PMID: 33633833 PMCID: PMC7898154 DOI: 10.1098/rsfs.2020.0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC; ADCY10) is a bicarbonate (HCO3 -)-regulated enzyme responsible for the generation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). sAC is distributed throughout the cell and within organelles and, as such, plays a role in numerous cellular signalling pathways. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) nearly instantaneously equilibrate HCO3 -, protons and carbon dioxide (CO2); because of the ubiquitous presence of CAs within cells, HCO3 --regulated sAC can respond to changes in any of these factors. Thus, sAC can function as a physiological HCO3 -/CO2/pH sensor. Here, we outline examples where we have shown that sAC responds to changes in HCO3 -, CO2 or pH to regulate diverse physiological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Rossetti
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Stephanie Jackvony
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jochen Buck
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Lonny R. Levin
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
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28
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Regulation of Mitochondrial Homeostasis by sAC-Derived cAMP Pool: Basic and Translational Aspects. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020473. [PMID: 33671810 PMCID: PMC7926680 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In contrast to the traditional view of mitochondria being solely a source of cellular energy, e.g., the "powerhouse" of the cell, mitochondria are now known to be key regulators of numerous cellular processes. Accordingly, disturbance of mitochondrial homeostasis is a basic mechanism in several pathologies. Emerging data demonstrate that 3'-5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signalling plays a key role in mitochondrial biology and homeostasis. Mitochondria are equipped with an endogenous cAMP synthesis system involving soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC), which localizes in the mitochondrial matrix and regulates mitochondrial function. Furthermore, sAC localized at the outer mitochondrial membrane contributes significantly to mitochondrial biology. Disturbance of the sAC-dependent cAMP pools within mitochondria leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and pathology. In this review, we discuss the available data concerning the role of sAC in regulating mitochondrial biology in relation to diseases.
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29
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Soluble adenylyl cyclase regulates the cytosolic NADH/NAD + redox state and the bioenergetic switch between glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2021; 1862:148367. [PMID: 33412125 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2020.148367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The evolutionarily conserved soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC, ADCY10) mediates cAMP signaling exclusively in intracellular compartments. Because sAC activity is sensitive to local concentrations of ATP, bicarbonate, and free Ca2+, sAC is potentially an important metabolic sensor. Nonetheless, little is known about how sAC regulates energy metabolism in intact cells. In this study, we demonstrated that both pharmacological and genetic suppression of sAC resulted in increased lactate secretion and decreased pyruvate secretion in multiple cell lines and primary cultures of mouse hepatocytes and cholangiocytes. The increased extracellular lactate-to-pyruvate ratio upon sAC suppression reflected an increased cytosolic free [NADH]/[NAD+] ratio, which was corroborated by using the NADH/NAD+ redox biosensor Peredox-mCherry. Mechanistic studies in permeabilized HepG2 cells showed that sAC inhibition specifically suppressed complex I of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. A survey of cAMP effectors revealed that only selective inhibition of exchange protein activated by cAMP 1 (Epac1), but not protein kinase A (PKA) or Epac2, suppressed complex I-dependent respiration and significantly increased the cytosolic NADH/NAD+ redox state. Analysis of the ATP production rate and the adenylate energy charge showed that inhibiting sAC reciprocally affects ATP production by glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation while maintaining cellular energy homeostasis. In conclusion, our study shows that, via the regulation of complex I-dependent mitochondrial respiration, sAC-Epac1 signaling regulates the cytosolic NADH/NAD+ redox state, and coordinates oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis to maintain cellular energy homeostasis. As such, sAC is effectively a bioenergetic switch between aerobic glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation at the post-translational level.
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Abstract
The field of cAMP signaling is witnessing exciting developments with the recognition that cAMP is compartmentalized and that spatial regulation of cAMP is critical for faithful signal coding. This realization has changed our understanding of cAMP signaling from a model in which cAMP connects a receptor at the plasma membrane to an intracellular effector in a linear pathway to a model in which cAMP signals propagate within a complex network of alternative branches and the specific functional outcome strictly depends on local regulation of cAMP levels and on selective activation of a limited number of branches within the network. In this review, we cover some of the early studies and summarize more recent evidence supporting the model of compartmentalized cAMP signaling, and we discuss how this knowledge is starting to provide original mechanistic insight into cell physiology and a novel framework for the identification of disease mechanisms that potentially opens new avenues for therapeutic interventions. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: cAMP mediates the intracellular response to multiple hormones and neurotransmitters. Signal fidelity and accurate coordination of a plethora of different cellular functions is achieved via organization of multiprotein signalosomes and cAMP compartmentalization in subcellular nanodomains. Defining the organization and regulation of subcellular cAMP nanocompartments is necessary if we want to understand the complex functional ramifications of pharmacological treatments that target G protein-coupled receptors and for generating a blueprint that can be used to develop precision medicine interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Zaccolo
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Zerio
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Miguel J Lobo
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Differential effects of bicarbonate on severe hypoxia- and hypercapnia-induced cardiac malfunctions in diverse fish species. J Comp Physiol B 2020; 191:113-125. [PMID: 33216162 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-020-01324-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
We tested in six fish species [Pacific lamprey (Lampetra richardsoni), Pacific spiny dogfish (Squalus suckleyi), Asian swamp eel (Monopterus albus), white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus), zebrafish (Danio rerio), and starry flounder (Platichthys stellatus)] the hypothesis that elevated extracellular [HCO3-] protects spontaneous heart rate and cardiac force development from the known impairments that severe hypoxia and hypercapnic acidosis can induce. Hearts were exposed in vitro to either severe hypoxia (~ 3% of air saturation), or severe hypercapnic acidosis (either 7.5% CO2 or 15% CO2), which reduced heart rate (in six test species) and net force development (in three test species). During hypoxia, heart rate was restored by [HCO3-] in a dose-dependent fashion in lamprey, dogfish and eel (EC50 = 5, 25 and 30 mM, respectively), but not in sturgeon, zebrafish or flounder. During hypercapnia, elevated [HCO3-] completely restored heart rate in dogfish, eel and sturgeon (EC50 = 5, 25 and 30 mM, respectively), had a partial effect in lamprey and zebrafish, and had no effect in flounder. Elevated [HCO3-], however, had no significant effect on net force of electrically paced ventricular strips from dogfish, eel and flounder during hypoxia and hypercapnia. Only in lamprey hearts did a specific soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) inhibitor, KH7, block the HCO3--mediated rescue of heart rate during both hypoxia and hypercapnia, and was the only species where we conclusively demonstrated sAC activity was involved in the protective effects of HCO3- on cardiac function. Our results suggest a common HCO3--dependent, sAC-dependent transduction pathway for heart rate recovery exists in cyclostomes and a HCO3--dependent, sAC-independent pathway exists in other fish species.
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Siraj MA, Mundil D, Beca S, Momen A, Shikatani EA, Afroze T, Sun X, Liu Y, Ghaffari S, Lee W, Wheeler MB, Keller G, Backx P, Husain M. Cardioprotective GLP-1 metabolite prevents ischemic cardiac injury by inhibiting mitochondrial trifunctional protein-α. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:1392-1404. [PMID: 31985487 DOI: 10.1172/jci99934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms mediating the cardioprotective actions of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) were unknown. Here, we show in both ex vivo and in vivo models of ischemic injury that treatment with GLP-1(28-36), a neutral endopeptidase-generated (NEP-generated) metabolite of GLP-1, was as cardioprotective as GLP-1 and was abolished by scrambling its amino acid sequence. GLP-1(28-36) enters human coronary artery endothelial cells (caECs) through macropinocytosis and acts directly on mouse and human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (caSMCs) and caECs, resulting in soluble adenylyl cyclase Adcy10-dependent (sAC-dependent) increases in cAMP, activation of protein kinase A, and cytoprotection from oxidative injury. GLP-1(28-36) modulates sAC by increasing intracellular ATP levels, with accompanying cAMP accumulation lost in sAC-/- cells. We identify mitochondrial trifunctional protein-α (MTPα) as a binding partner of GLP-1(28-36) and demonstrate that the ability of GLP-1(28-36) to shift substrate utilization from oxygen-consuming fatty acid metabolism toward oxygen-sparing glycolysis and glucose oxidation and to increase cAMP levels is dependent on MTPα. NEP inhibition with sacubitril blunted the ability of GLP-1 to increase cAMP levels in coronary vascular cells in vitro. GLP-1(28-36) is a small peptide that targets novel molecular (MTPα and sAC) and cellular (caSMC and caEC) mechanisms in myocardial ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ahsan Siraj
- Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dhanwantee Mundil
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sanja Beca
- Heart and Stroke Richard Lewar Center of Excellence in Cardiovascular Research, and
| | - Abdul Momen
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eric A Shikatani
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Talat Afroze
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xuetao Sun
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ying Liu
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Siavash Ghaffari
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Research, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Warren Lee
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Research, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry.,Department of Medicine, and
| | - Michael B Wheeler
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gordon Keller
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,McEwen Centre for Regenerative Medicine, and
| | - Peter Backx
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mansoor Husain
- Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Heart and Stroke Richard Lewar Center of Excellence in Cardiovascular Research, and.,Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medicine, and.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,McEwen Centre for Regenerative Medicine, and.,Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Finkelstein M, Etkovitz N, Breitbart H. Ca 2+ signaling in mammalian spermatozoa. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 516:110953. [PMID: 32712383 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Calcium is an essential ion which regulates sperm motility, capacitation and the acrosome reaction (AR), three processes necessary for successful fertilization. The AR enables the spermatozoon to penetrate into the egg. In order to undergo the AR, the spermatozoon must reside in the female reproductive tract for several hours, during which a series of biochemical transformations takes place, collectively called capacitation. An early event in capacitation is relatively small elevation of intracellular Ca2+ (in the nM range) and bicarbonate, which collectively activate the soluble adenylyl cyclase to produce cyclic-AMP; c-AMP activates protein kinase A (PKA), leading to indirect tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins. During capacitation, there is an increase in the membrane-bound phospholipase C (PLC) which is activated prior to the AR by relatively high increase in intracellular Ca2+ (in the μM range). PLC catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphatidyl-inositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) to diacylglycerol and inositol-trisphosphate (IP3), leading to activation of protein kinase C (PKC) and the IP3-receptor. PKC activates a Ca2+- channel in the plasma membrane, and IP3 activates the Ca2+- channel in the outer acrosomal membrane, leading to Ca2+ depletion from the acrosome. As a result, the plasma-membrane store-operated Ca2+ channel (SOCC) is activated to increase cytosolic Ca2+ concentration, enabling completion of the acrosome reaction. The hydrolysis of PIP2 by PLC results in the release and activation of PIP2-bound gelsolin, leading to F-actin dispersion, an essential step prior to the AR. Ca2+ is also involved in the regulation of sperm motility. During capacitation, the sperm develops a unique motility pattern called hyper-activated motility (HAM) which is essential for successful fertilization. The main Ca2+-channel that mediates HAM is the sperm-specific CatSper located in the sperm tail.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nir Etkovitz
- Sperm Bank, Sheba Hospital, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Haim Breitbart
- The Mina & Everard Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel.
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Bang J, Zippin JH. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling in melanocyte pigmentation and melanomagenesis. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2020; 34:28-43. [PMID: 32777162 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) regulates numerous functions in both benign melanocytes and melanoma cells. cAMP is generated from two distinct sources, transmembrane and soluble adenylyl cyclases (tmAC and sAC, respectively), and is degraded by a family of proteins called phosphodiesterases (PDEs). cAMP signaling can be regulated in many different ways and can lead to varied effects in melanocytes. It was recently revealed that distinct cAMP signaling pathways regulate pigmentation by either altering pigment gene expression or the pH of melanosomes. In the context of melanoma, many studies report seemingly contradictory roles for cAMP in tumorigenesis. For example, cAMP signaling has been implicated in both cancer promotion and suppression, as well as both therapy resistance and sensitization. This conundrum in the field may be explained by the fact that cAMP signals in discrete microdomains and each microdomain can mediate differential cellular functions. Here, we review the role of cAMP signaling microdomains in benign melanocyte biology, focusing on pigmentation, and in melanomagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakyung Bang
- Department of Dermatology, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan H Zippin
- Department of Dermatology, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
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Regulation of coral calcification by the acid-base sensing enzyme soluble adenylyl cyclase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 525:576-580. [PMID: 32115151 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.02.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Coral calcification is intricately linked to the chemical composition of the fluid in the extracellular calcifying medium (ECM), which is situated between the calcifying cells and the skeleton. Here we demonstrate that the acid-base sensing enzyme soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) is expressed in calcifying cells of the coral Stylophora pistillata. Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition of sAC in coral microcolonies resulted in acidification of the ECM as estimated by the pH-sensitive ratiometric indicator SNARF, and decreased calcification rates, as estimated by calcein labeling of crystal growth. These results indicate that sAC activity modulates some of the molecular machinery involved in producing the coral skeleton, which could include ion-transporting proteins and vesicular transport. To our knowledge this is the first study to directly demonstrate biological regulation of the alkaline pH of the coral ECM and its correlation with calcification.
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Jayarajan V, Appukuttan A, Aslam M, Reusch P, Regitz-Zagrosek V, Ladilov Y. Regulation of AMPK activity by type 10 adenylyl cyclase: contribution to the mitochondrial biology, cellular redox and energy homeostasis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:4945-4959. [PMID: 31172217 PMCID: PMC11105217 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03152-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The downregulation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity contributes to numerous pathologies. Recent reports suggest that the elevation of cellular cAMP promotes AMPK activity. However, the source of the cAMP pool that controls AMPK activity remains unknown. Mammalian cells possess two cAMP sources: membrane-bound adenylyl cyclase (tmAC) and intracellularly localized, type 10 soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC). Due to the localization of sAC and AMPK in similar intracellular compartments, we hypothesized that sAC may control AMPK activity. In this study, sAC expression and activity were manipulated in H9C2 cells, adult rat cardiomyocytes or endothelial cells. sAC knockdown depleted the cellular cAMP content and decreased AMPK activity in an EPAC-dependent manner. Functionally, sAC knockdown reduced cellular ATP content, increased mitochondrial ROS formation and led to mitochondrial depolarization. Furthermore, sAC downregulation led to EPAC-dependent mitophagy disturbance, indicated by an increased mitochondrial mass and unaffected mitochondrial biogenesis. Consistently, sAC overexpression or stimulation with bicarbonate significantly increased AMPK activity and cellular ATP content. In contrast, tmAC inhibition or stimulation produced no effect on AMPK activity. Therefore, the sAC-EPAC axis may regulate basal and induced AMPK activity and support mitophagy, cellular energy and redox homeostasis. The study argues for sAC as a potential target in treating pathologies associated with AMPK downregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Jayarajan
- Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Gender in Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin Partner Site, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Avinash Appukuttan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Muhammad Aslam
- Internal Medicine I/Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital of Giessen and Marburg, Giessen, Germany
- Experimental Cardiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Peter Reusch
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Vera Regitz-Zagrosek
- Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Gender in Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin Partner Site, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yury Ladilov
- Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Gender in Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Berlin, Germany.
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin Partner Site, Berlin, Germany.
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Massimi M, Ragusa F, Cardarelli S, Giorgi M. Targeting Cyclic AMP Signalling in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cells 2019; 8:cells8121511. [PMID: 31775395 PMCID: PMC6952960 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major healthcare problem worldwide, representing one of the leading causes of cancer mortality. Since there are currently no predictive biomarkers for early stage diagnosis, HCC is detected only in advanced stages and most patients die within one year, as radical tumour resection is generally performed late during the disease. The development of alternative therapeutic approaches to HCC remains one of the most challenging areas of cancer. This review focuses on the relevance of cAMP signalling in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma and identifies the modulation of this second messenger as a new strategy for the control of tumour growth. In addition, because the cAMP pathway is controlled by phosphodiesterases (PDEs), targeting these enzymes using PDE inhibitors is becoming an attractive and promising tool for the control of HCC. Among them, based on current preclinical and clinical findings, PDE4-specific inhibitors remarkably demonstrate therapeutic potential in the management of cancer outcomes, especially as adjuvants to standard therapies. However, more preclinical studies are warranted to ascertain their efficacy during the different stages of hepatocyte transformation and in the treatment of established HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Massimi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (M.G.); Tel.: +39-0862-433219 (M.M.); +39-06-49912308 (M.G.)
| | - Federica Ragusa
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Silvia Cardarelli
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Mauro Giorgi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (M.G.); Tel.: +39-0862-433219 (M.M.); +39-06-49912308 (M.G.)
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Espejo MS, Orlowski A, Ibañez AM, Di Mattía RA, Velásquez FC, Rossetti NS, Ciancio MC, De Giusti VC, Aiello EA. The functional association between the sodium/bicarbonate cotransporter (NBC) and the soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) modulates cardiac contractility. Pflugers Arch 2019; 472:103-115. [PMID: 31754830 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-019-02331-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) was identified in the heart as another source of cyclic AMP (cAMP). However, its cardiac physiological function is unknown. On the other hand, the cardiac Na+/HCO3- cotransporter (NBC) promotes the cellular co-influx of HCO3- and Na+. Since sAC activity is regulated by HCO3-, our purpose was to investigate the potential functional relationship between NBC and sAC in the cardiomyocyte. Rat ventricular myocytes were loaded with Fura-2, Fluo-3, or BCECF to measure Ca2+ transient (Ca2+i) by epifluorescence, Ca2+ sparks frequency (CaSF) by confocal microscopy, or intracellular pH (pHi) by epifluorescence, respectively. Sarcomere or cell shortening was measured with a video camera as an index of contractility. The NBC blocker S0859 (10 μM), the selective inhibitor of sAC KH7 (1 μM), and the PKA inhibitor H89 (0.1 μM) induced a negative inotropic effect which was associated with a decrease in Ca2+i. Since PKA increases Ca2+ release through sarcoplasmic reticulum RyR channels, CaSF was measured as an index of RyR open probability. The generation of CaSF was prevented by KH7. Finally, we investigated the potential role of sAC activation on NBC activity. NBC-mediated recovery from acidosis was faster in the presence of KH7 or H89, suggesting that the pathway sAC-PKA is negatively regulating NBC function, consistent with a negative feedback modulation of the HCO3- influx that activates sAC. In summary, the results demonstrated that the complex NBC-sAC-PKA plays a relevant role in Ca2+ handling and basal cardiac contractility.
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Affiliation(s)
- María S Espejo
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CONICET, Calle 60 y 120, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Alejandro Orlowski
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CONICET, Calle 60 y 120, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Alejandro M Ibañez
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CONICET, Calle 60 y 120, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Romina A Di Mattía
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CONICET, Calle 60 y 120, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Fernanda Carrizo Velásquez
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CONICET, Calle 60 y 120, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Noelia S Rossetti
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CONICET, Calle 60 y 120, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - María C Ciancio
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CONICET, Calle 60 y 120, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Verónica C De Giusti
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CONICET, Calle 60 y 120, 1900, La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Ernesto A Aiello
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CONICET, Calle 60 y 120, 1900, La Plata, Argentina.
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Pratt EPS, Harvey KE, Salyer AE, Hockerman GH. Regulation of cAMP accumulation and activity by distinct phosphodiesterase subtypes in INS-1 cells and human pancreatic β-cells. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215188. [PMID: 31442224 PMCID: PMC6707593 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cells express multiple phosphodiesterase (PDE) subtypes, but the specific roles for each in β-cell function, particularly in humans, is not clear. We evaluated the cellular role of PDE1, PDE3, and PDE4 activity in the rat insulinoma cell line INS-1 and in primary human β-cells using subtype-selective PDE inhibitors. Using a genetically encoded, FRET-based cAMP sensor, we found that the PDE1 inhibitor 8MM-IBMX, elevated cAMP levels in the absence of glucose to a greater extent than either the PDE3 inhibitor cilostamide or the PDE4 inhibitor rolipram. In 18 mM glucose, PDE1 inhibition elevated cAMP levels to a greater extent than PDE3 inhibition in INS-1 cells, while PDE4 inhibition was without effect. Inhibition of PDE1 or PDE4, but not PDE3, potentiated glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in INS-1 cells. PDE1 inhibition, but not PDE3 or PDE4 inhibition, reduced palmitate-induced caspase-3/7 activation, and enhanced CREB phosphorylation in INS-1 cells. In human β-cells, only PDE3 or PDE4 inhibition increased cAMP levels in 1.7 mM glucose, but PDE1, PDE3, or PDE4 inhibition potentiated cAMP levels in 16.7 mM glucose. Inhibition of PDE1 or PDE4 increased cAMP levels to a greater extent in 16.7 mM glucose than in 1.7 mM glucose in human β-cells. In contrast, elevation of cAMP levels by PDE3 inhibition was not different at these glucose concentrations. PDE1 inhibition also potentiated insulin secretion from human islets, suggesting that the role of PDE1 may be conserved between INS-1 cells and human pancreatic β-cells. Our results suggest that inhibition of PDE1 may be a useful strategy to potentiate glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, and to protect β-cells from the toxic effects of excess fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan P. S. Pratt
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
- Purdue University Interdisciplinary Life Science Program, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
| | - Kyle E. Harvey
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
| | - Amy E. Salyer
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
| | - Gregory H. Hockerman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Dech RT, Bishop SA, Neary JP. Why exercise may be beneficial in concussion rehabilitation: A cellular perspective. J Sci Med Sport 2019; 22:1090-1096. [PMID: 31349959 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Concussion diagnosis and rehabilitation management has become a prevalent area of research, and yet much is still unknown about these complex injuries. Historically, exercise prescription post-concussion was conservatively used for rehabilitation due to the suspected harmful effects that exercise can have on damaged neurons, and increase in symptoms. However, there has been a shift to implement exercise earlier into recovery as several studies have demonstrated positive outcomes. OBJECTIVE The objective of this literature review is to update the reader about new advances in concussion research related to the beneficial effects of physical activity from both a neurometabolic and a broader physiological perspective, using gene expression as a vehicle to demonstrate why and how physical activity has the capacity to optimize recovery from a cellular perspective. To further this clinical guideline, the evidence must continue to support these positive outcomes from an inductive and deductive physiologic approach (i.e., the clinical evidence aligned from a micro- to macroscopic approach and vice versa). DESIGN Narrative review. METHODS Pubmed and Medline were used with the following key words: concussion and, physical activity, neurometabolic, gene regulation, trauma, nervous system, mild head injury, acute exercise, cellular physiology and pathophysiology. CONCLUSION It is our contention that understanding the cellular perspective will help guide clinical management, and promote research into post-concussion exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan T Dech
- Faculty of Kinesiology & Health Studies, University of Regina, Canada
| | - Scott A Bishop
- Faculty of Kinesiology & Health Studies, University of Regina, Canada
| | - J Patrick Neary
- Faculty of Kinesiology & Health Studies, University of Regina, Canada.
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41
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Xu M, Jiang Z, Wang C, Li N, Bo L, Zha Y, Bian J, Zhang Y, Deng X. Acetate attenuates inflammasome activation through GPR43-mediated Ca 2+-dependent NLRP3 ubiquitination. Exp Mol Med 2019; 51:1-13. [PMID: 31337751 PMCID: PMC6802670 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-019-0276-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetate has been indicated to be elevated and to regulate inflammation in inflammatory and metabolic diseases. The inflammasome serves as a key component of immune homeostasis, and its dysregulation can lead to various inflammatory disorders. However, little is known about the effects of acetate on inflammasome activation and the underlying mechanism. Here, we demonstrate that acetate attenuates inflammasome activation via GPR43 in a Ca2+-dependent manner. Through binding to GPR43, acetate activates the Gq/11 subunit and subsequent phospholipase C-IP3 signaling to decrease Ca2+ mobilization. In addition, acetate activates soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC), promotes NLRP3 inflammasome ubiquitination by PKA, and ultimately induces NLRP3 degradation through autophagy. In vivo, acetate protects mice from NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent peritonitis and LPS-induced endotoxemia. Collectively, our research demonstrates that acetate regulates the NLRP3 inflammasome via GPR43 and Ca2+-dependent mechanisms, which reveals the mechanism of metabolite-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome attenuation and highlights acetate as a possible therapeutic strategy for NLRP3 inflammasome-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengda Xu
- 0000 0004 0369 1660grid.73113.37Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 200433 Shanghai, China ,Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan General Hospital, PLA, 430070 Wuhan, Hubei Province China
| | - Zhengyu Jiang
- 0000 0004 0369 1660grid.73113.37Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 200433 Shanghai, China
| | - Changli Wang
- 0000 0004 0369 1660grid.73113.37Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 200433 Shanghai, China
| | - Na Li
- 0000 0004 0369 1660grid.73113.37Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 200433 Shanghai, China
| | - Lulong Bo
- 0000 0004 0369 1660grid.73113.37Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 200433 Shanghai, China
| | - Yanping Zha
- 0000 0004 0369 1660grid.73113.37Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 200433 Shanghai, China
| | - Jinjun Bian
- 0000 0004 0369 1660grid.73113.37Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 200433 Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- 0000 0004 0369 1660grid.73113.37Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 200433 Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoming Deng
- 0000 0004 0369 1660grid.73113.37Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 200433 Shanghai, China
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42
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Parker T, Wang KW, Manning D, Dart C. Soluble adenylyl cyclase links Ca 2+ entry to Ca 2+/cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) activation in vascular smooth muscle. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7317. [PMID: 31086231 PMCID: PMC6514005 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43821-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca2+-transcription coupling controls gene expression patterns that define vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotype. Although not well understood this allows normally contractile VSMCs to become proliferative following vessel injury, a process essential for repair but which also contributes to vascular remodelling, atherogenesis and restenosis. Here we show that the Ca2+/HCO3--sensitive enzyme, soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC), links Ca2+ influx in human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (hCASMCs) to 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) generation and phosphorylation of the transcription factor Ca2+/cAMP response element binding protein (CREB). Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) into hCASMCs expressing the FRET-based cAMP biosensor H187 induced a rise in cAMP that mirrored cytosolic [Ca2+]. SOCE also activated the cAMP effector, protein kinase A (PKA), as determined by the PKA reporter, AKAR4-NES, and induced phosphorylation of vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) and CREB. Transmembrane adenylyl cyclase inhibition had no effect on the SOCE-induced rise in cAMP, while sAC inhibition abolished SOCE-generated cAMP and significantly reduced SOCE-induced VASP and CREB phosphorylation. This suggests that SOCE in hCASMCs activates sAC which in turn activates the cAMP/PKA/CREB axis. sAC, which is insensitive to G-protein modulation but responsive to Ca2+, pH and ATP, may therefore act as an overlooked regulatory node in vascular Ca2+-transcription coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Parker
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, United Kingdom
| | - Kai-Wen Wang
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, United Kingdom
| | - Declan Manning
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline Dart
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, United Kingdom.
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43
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AKAP95 Organizes a Nuclear Microdomain to Control Local cAMP for Regulating Nuclear PKA. Cell Chem Biol 2019; 26:885-891.e4. [PMID: 30982750 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Contrary to the classic model of protein kinase A (PKA) residing outside of the nucleus, we identify a nuclear signaling complex that consists of AKAP95, PKA, and PDE4D5 and show that it forms a functional cyclic AMP (cAMP) signaling microdomain. Locally generated cAMP can accumulate within the vicinity of this complex; however, when cAMP is generated at the plasma membrane, PDE4 serves as a local sink and PDE3 as a barrier to prevent accumulation of cAMP within the microdomain as a means of controlling activation of tethered nuclear PKA.
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44
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Zhou D, Ota K, Nardin C, Feldman M, Widman A, Wind O, Simon A, Reilly M, Levin LR, Buck J, Wakamatsu K, Ito S, Zippin JH. Mammalian pigmentation is regulated by a distinct cAMP-dependent mechanism that controls melanosome pH. Sci Signal 2018; 11:11/555/eaau7987. [PMID: 30401788 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aau7987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The production of melanin increases skin pigmentation and reduces the risk of skin cancer. Melanin production depends on the pH of melanosomes, which are more acidic in lighter-skinned than in darker-skinned people. We showed that inhibition of soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) controlled pigmentation by increasing the pH of melanosomes both in cells and in vivo. Distinct from the canonical melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R)-dependent cAMP pathway that controls pigmentation by altering gene expression, we found that inhibition of sAC increased pigmentation by increasing the activity of tyrosinase, the rate-limiting enzyme in melanin synthesis, which is more active at basic pH. We demonstrated that the effect of sAC activity on pH and melanin production in human melanocytes depended on the skin color of the donor. Last, we identified sAC inhibitors as a new class of drugs that increase melanosome pH and pigmentation in vivo, suggesting that pharmacologic inhibition of this pathway may affect skin cancer risk or pigmentation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalee Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Koji Ota
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Charlee Nardin
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA.,Service de Dermatologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Besançon 25030, France
| | - Michelle Feldman
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Adam Widman
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Olivia Wind
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Amanda Simon
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Michael Reilly
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Lonny R Levin
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jochen Buck
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kazumasa Wakamatsu
- Department of Chemistry, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan
| | - Shosuke Ito
- Department of Chemistry, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan
| | - Jonathan H Zippin
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA.
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45
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Veluthakal R, Chepurny OG, Leech CA, Schwede F, Holz GG, Thurmond DC. Restoration of Glucose-Stimulated Cdc42-Pak1 Activation and Insulin Secretion by a Selective Epac Activator in Type 2 Diabetic Human Islets. Diabetes 2018; 67:1999-2011. [PMID: 29986926 PMCID: PMC6152341 DOI: 10.2337/db17-1174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Glucose metabolism stimulates cell division control protein 42 homolog (Cdc42)-p21-activated kinase (Pak1) activity and initiates filamentous actin (F-actin) cytoskeleton remodeling in pancreatic β-cells so that cytoplasmic secretory granules can translocate to the plasma membrane where insulin exocytosis occurs. Since glucose metabolism also generates cAMP in β-cells, the cross talk of cAMP signaling with Cdc42-Pak1 activation might be of fundamental importance to glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). Previously, the type-2 isoform of cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 (Epac2) was established to mediate a potentiation of GSIS by cAMP-elevating agents. Here we report that nondiabetic human islets and INS-1 832/13 β-cells treated with the selective Epac activator 8-pCPT-2'-O-Me-cAMP-AM exhibited Cdc42-Pak1 activation at 1 mmol/L glucose and that the magnitude of this effect was equivalent to that which was measured during stimulation with 20 mmol/L glucose in the absence of 8-pCPT-2'-O-Me-cAMP-AM. Conversely, the cAMP antagonist Rp-8-Br-cAMPS-pAB prevented glucose-stimulated Cdc42-Pak1 activation, thereby blocking GSIS while also increasing cellular F-actin content. Although islets from donors with type 2 diabetes had profound defects in glucose-stimulated Cdc42-Pak1 activation and insulin secretion, these defects were rescued by the Epac activator so that GSIS was restored. Collectively, these findings indicate an unexpected role for cAMP as a permissive or direct metabolic coupling factor in support of GSIS that is Epac2 and Cdc42-Pak1 regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajakrishnan Veluthakal
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | - Oleg G Chepurny
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY
| | - Colin A Leech
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY
- Department of Surgery, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY
| | | | - George G Holz
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY
| | - Debbie C Thurmond
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA
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46
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Pozdniakova S, Guitart-Mampel M, Garrabou G, Di Benedetto G, Ladilov Y, Regitz-Zagrosek V. 17β-Estradiol reduces mitochondrial cAMP content and cytochrome oxidase activity in a phosphodiesterase 2-dependent manner. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:3876-3890. [PMID: 30051530 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Mitochondria possess their own source of cAMP, that is, soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC). Activation or expression of mitochondrial sAC promotes mitochondrial function. Oestrogen receptor signalling plays an essential role in the regulation of mitochondrial function. Here we aimed to determine whether 17β-estradiol may affect mitochondrial cAMP signalling. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Expression of the intra-mitochondrial proteins (Western blot), mitochondrial cAMP content (FRET-based live imaging and MS assay), mitochondrial membrane potential and cytochrome oxidase activity were analysed in H9C2 and C2C12 cells. KEY RESULTS A 24 h treatment with 17β-estradiol significantly reduced the basal level of mitochondrial cAMP, without affecting the intra-mitochondrial content of sAC, phosphodiesterase 2 (PDE2) or PKA and the activity of the intra-mitochondrial sAC. The effect of 17β-estradiol on mitochondrial cAMP was prevented by inhibition of a cGMP-activated PDE2 or soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC), suggesting a role of NO signalling. Indeed, 17β-estradiol raised cellular levels of cGMP and the intra-mitochondrial expression of the catalytic subunit β of sGC was found. The 17β-estradiol-induced reduction of the mitochondrial cAMP level was accompanied by decreased cytochrome oxidase activity and mitochondrial membrane potential in a PDE2-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS 17β-estradiol reduced the basal level of mitochondrial cAMP content and cytochrome oxidase activity in a sAC-independent but in a PDE2-dependent manner. The results suggest a role of 17β-estradiol-induced activation of NO signalling in the regulation of mitochondrial cAMP content. Our study adds a new aspect to the complex action of oestrogens on mitochondrial biology, that is relevant to hormone replacement therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofya Pozdniakova
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Gender in Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mariona Guitart-Mampel
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, Cellex - IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Barcelona, Internal Medicine Service - Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERER, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gloria Garrabou
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, Cellex - IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Barcelona, Internal Medicine Service - Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERER, Madrid, Spain
| | - Giulietta Di Benedetto
- Neuroscience Institute, Italian National Research Council, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Yury Ladilov
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Gender in Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vera Regitz-Zagrosek
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Gender in Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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47
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Bellomo F, Signorile A, Tamma G, Ranieri M, Emma F, De Rasmo D. Impact of atypical mitochondrial cyclic-AMP level in nephropathic cystinosis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:3411-3422. [PMID: 29549422 PMCID: PMC11105431 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2800-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nephropathic cystinosis (NC) is a rare disease caused by mutations in the CTNS gene encoding for cystinosin, a lysosomal transmembrane cystine/H+ symporter, which promotes the efflux of cystine from lysosomes to cytosol. NC is the most frequent cause of Fanconi syndrome (FS) in young children, the molecular basis of which is not well established. Proximal tubular cells have very high metabolic rate due to the active transport of many solutes. Not surprisingly, mitochondrial disorders are often characterized by FS. A similar mechanism may also apply to NC. Because cAMP has regulatory properties on mitochondrial function, we have analyzed cAMP levels and mitochondrial targets in CTNS-/- conditionally immortalized proximal tubular epithelial cells (ciPTEC) carrying the classical homozygous 57-kb deletion (delCTNS-/-) or with compound heterozygous loss-of-function mutations (mutCTNS-/-). Compared to wild-type cells, cystinotic cells had significantly lower mitochondrial cAMP levels (delCTNS-/- ciPTEC by 56% ± 10.5, P < 0.0001; mutCTNS-/- by 26% ± 4.3, P < 0.001), complex I and V activities, mitochondrial membrane potential, and SIRT3 protein levels, which were associated with increased mitochondrial fragmentation. Reduction of complex I and V activities was associated with lower expression of part of their subunits. Treatment with the non-hydrolysable cAMP analog 8-Br-cAMP restored mitochondrial potential and corrected mitochondria morphology. Treatment with cysteamine, which reduces the intra-lysosomal cystine, was able to restore mitochondrial cAMP levels, as well as most other abnormal mitochondrial findings. These observations were validated in CTNS-silenced HK-2 cells, indicating a pivotal role of mitochondrial cAMP in the proximal tubular dysfunction observed in NC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bellomo
- Laboratory of Nephrology, Department of Rare Diseases, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Viale di S. Paolo, 15, 00149, Rome, Italy.
| | - Anna Signorile
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Policlinico, Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Grazia Tamma
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Marianna Ranieri
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Emma
- Laboratory of Nephrology, Department of Rare Diseases, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Viale di S. Paolo, 15, 00149, Rome, Italy
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatric Subspecialties, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico De Rasmo
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Policlinico, Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy.
- Institute of Biomembrane, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnology (IBIOM), National Research Council (CNR), Bari, Italy.
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48
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Hughes JW, Ustione A, Lavagnino Z, Piston DW. Regulation of islet glucagon secretion: Beyond calcium. Diabetes Obes Metab 2018; 20 Suppl 2:127-136. [PMID: 30230183 PMCID: PMC6148361 DOI: 10.1111/dom.13381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The islet of Langerhans plays a key role in glucose homeostasis through regulated secretion of the hormones insulin and glucagon. Islet research has focused on the insulin-secreting β-cells, even though aberrant glucagon secretion from α-cells also contributes to the aetiology of diabetes. Despite its importance, the mechanisms controlling glucagon secretion remain controversial. Proper α-cell function requires the islet milieu, where β- and δ-cells drive and constrain α-cell dynamics. The response of glucagon to glucose is similar between isolated islets and that measured in vivo, so it appears that the glucose dependence requires only islet-intrinsic factors and not input from blood flow or the nervous system. Elevated intracellular free Ca2+ is needed for α-cell exocytosis, but interpreting Ca2+ data is tricky since it is heterogeneous among α-cells at all physiological glucose levels. Total Ca2+ activity in α-cells increases slightly with glucose, so Ca2+ may serve a permissive, rather than regulatory, role in glucagon secretion. On the other hand, cAMP is a more promising candidate for controlling glucagon secretion and is itself driven by paracrine signalling from β- and δ-cells. Another pathway, juxtacrine signalling through the α-cell EphA receptors, stimulated by β-cell ephrin ligands, leads to a tonic inhibition of glucagon secretion. We discuss potential combinations of Ca2+ , cAMP, paracrine and juxtacrine factors in the regulation of glucagon secretion, focusing on recent data in the literature that might unify the field towards a quantitative understanding of α-cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing W. Hughes
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Alessandro Ustione
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Zeno Lavagnino
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - David W. Piston
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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Wahlang B, McClain C, Barve S, Gobejishvili L. Role of cAMP and phosphodiesterase signaling in liver health and disease. Cell Signal 2018; 49:105-115. [PMID: 29902522 PMCID: PMC6445381 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Liver disease is a significant health problem worldwide with mortality reaching around 2 million deaths a year. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic liver disease (ALD) are the major causes of chronic liver disease. Pathologically, NAFLD and ALD share similar patterns of hepatic disorders ranging from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis, fibrosis and cirrhosis. It is becoming increasingly important to identify new pharmacological targets, given that there is no FDA-approved therapy yet for either NAFLD or ALD. Since the evolution of liver diseases is a multifactorial process, several mechanisms involving parenchymal and non-parenchymal hepatic cells contribute to the initiation and progression of liver pathologies. Moreover, certain protective molecular pathways become repressed during liver injury including signaling pathways such as the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) pathway. cAMP, a key second messenger molecule, regulates various cellular functions including lipid metabolism, inflammation, cell differentiation and injury by affecting gene/protein expression and function. This review addresses the current understanding of the role of cAMP metabolism and consequent cAMP signaling pathway(s) in the context of liver health and disease. The cAMP pathway is extremely sophisticated and complex with specific cellular functions dictated by numerous factors such abundance, localization and degradation by phosphodiesterases (PDEs). Furthermore, because of the distinct yet divergent roles of both of its effector molecules, the cAMP pathway is extensively targeted in liver injury to modify its role from physiological to therapeutic, depending on the hepatic condition. This review also examines the behavior of the cAMP-dependent pathway in NAFLD, ALD and in other liver diseases and focuses on PDE inhibition as an excellent therapeutic target in these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banrida Wahlang
- University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, KY, USA; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Craig McClain
- University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, KY, USA; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, KY, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, KY, USA; Hepatobiology & Toxicology Center, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, KY, USA; Robley Rex Louisville VAMC, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Shirish Barve
- University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, KY, USA; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, KY, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, KY, USA; Hepatobiology & Toxicology Center, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Leila Gobejishvili
- University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, KY, USA; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, KY, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, KY, USA; Hepatobiology & Toxicology Center, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, KY, USA.
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50
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Filadi R, Basso E, Lefkimmiatis K, Pozzan T. Beyond Intracellular Signaling: The Ins and Outs of Second Messengers Microdomains. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 981:279-322. [PMID: 29594866 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-55858-5_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A typical characteristic of eukaryotic cells compared to prokaryotes is represented by the spatial heterogeneity of the different structural and functional components: for example, most of the genetic material is surrounded by a highly specific membrane structure (the nuclear membrane), continuous with, yet largely different from, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER); oxidative phosphorylation is carried out by organelles enclosed by a double membrane, the mitochondria; in addition, distinct domains, enriched in specific proteins, are present in the plasma membrane (PM) of most cells. Less obvious, but now generally accepted, is the notion that even the concentration of small molecules such as second messengers (Ca2+ and cAMP in particular) can be highly heterogeneous within cells. In the case of most organelles, the differences in the luminal levels of second messengers depend either on the existence on their membrane of proteins that allow the accumulation/release of the second messenger (e.g., in the case of Ca2+, pumps, exchangers or channels), or on the synthesis and degradation of the specific molecule within the lumen (the autonomous intramitochondrial cAMP system). It needs stressing that the existence of a surrounding membrane does not necessarily imply the existence of a gradient between the cytosol and the organelle lumen. For example, the nuclear membrane is highly permeable to both Ca2+ and cAMP (nuclear pores are permeable to solutes up to 50 kDa) and differences in [Ca2+] or [cAMP] between cytoplasm and nucleoplasm are not seen in steady state and only very transiently during cell activation. A similar situation has been observed, as far as Ca2+ is concerned, in peroxisomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Filadi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Emy Basso
- Institute of Neuroscience, Padova Section, National Research Council, Padova, Italy
| | - Konstantinos Lefkimmiatis
- Institute of Neuroscience, Padova Section, National Research Council, Padova, Italy
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Tullio Pozzan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
- Institute of Neuroscience, Padova Section, National Research Council, Padova, Italy.
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy.
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