1
|
Bhat MA, Mishra AK, Shah SN, Bhat MA, Jan S, Rahman S, Baek KH, Jan AT. Soil and Mineral Nutrients in Plant Health: A Prospective Study of Iron and Phosphorus in the Growth and Development of Plants. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:5194-5222. [PMID: 38920984 PMCID: PMC11201952 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46060312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Plants being sessile are exposed to different environmental challenges and consequent stresses associated with them. With the prerequisite of minerals for growth and development, they coordinate their mobilization from the soil through their roots. Phosphorus (P) and iron (Fe) are macro- and micronutrient; P serves as an important component of biological macromolecules, besides driving major cellular processes, including photosynthesis and respiration, and Fe performs the function as a cofactor for enzymes of vital metabolic pathways. These minerals help in maintaining plant vigor via alterations in the pH, nutrient content, release of exudates at the root surface, changing dynamics of root microbial population, and modulation of the activity of redox enzymes. Despite this, their low solubility and relative immobilization in soil make them inaccessible for utilization by plants. Moreover, plants have evolved distinct mechanisms to cope with these stresses and coregulate the levels of minerals (Fe, P, etc.) toward the maintenance of homeostasis. The present study aims at examining the uptake mechanisms of Fe and P, and their translocation, storage, and role in executing different cellular processes in plants. It also summarizes the toxicological aspects of these minerals in terms of their effects on germination, nutrient uptake, plant-water relationship, and overall yield. Considered as an important and indispensable component of sustainable agriculture, a separate section covers the current knowledge on the cross-talk between Fe and P and integrates complete and balanced information of their effect on plant hormone levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mujtaba Aamir Bhat
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri 185234, J&K, India; (M.A.B.); (S.N.S.); (M.A.B.); (S.J.)
| | - Awdhesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sheezma Nazir Shah
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri 185234, J&K, India; (M.A.B.); (S.N.S.); (M.A.B.); (S.J.)
| | - Mudasir Ahmad Bhat
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri 185234, J&K, India; (M.A.B.); (S.N.S.); (M.A.B.); (S.J.)
| | - Saima Jan
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri 185234, J&K, India; (M.A.B.); (S.N.S.); (M.A.B.); (S.J.)
| | - Safikur Rahman
- Department of Botany, Munshi Singh College, BR Ambedkar Bihar University, Muzaffarpur 845401, Bihar, India;
| | - Kwang-Hyun Baek
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea;
| | - Arif Tasleem Jan
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri 185234, J&K, India; (M.A.B.); (S.N.S.); (M.A.B.); (S.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Baldet P, Mori K, Decros G, Beauvoit B, Colombié S, Prigent S, Pétriacq P, Gibon Y. Multi-regulated GDP-l-galactose phosphorylase calls the tune in ascorbate biosynthesis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:2631-2643. [PMID: 38349339 PMCID: PMC11066804 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Ascorbate is involved in numerous vital processes, in particular in response to abiotic but also biotic stresses whose frequency and amplitude increase with climate change. Ascorbate levels vary greatly depending on species, tissues, or stages of development, but also in response to stress. Since its discovery, the ascorbate biosynthetic pathway has been intensely studied and it appears that GDP-l-galactose phosphorylase (GGP) is the enzyme with the greatest role in the control of ascorbate biosynthesis. Like other enzymes of this pathway, its expression is induced by various environmental and also developmental factors. Although mRNAs encoding it are among the most abundant in the transcriptome, the protein is only present in very small quantities. In fact, GGP translation is repressed by a negative feedback mechanism involving a small open reading frame located upstream of the coding sequence (uORF). Moreover, its activity is inhibited by a PAS/LOV type photoreceptor, the action of which is counteracted by blue light. Consequently, this multi-level regulation of GGP would allow fine control of ascorbate synthesis. Indeed, experiments varying the expression of GGP have shown that it plays a central role in response to stress. This new understanding will be useful for developing varieties adapted to future environmental conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Baldet
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Kentaro Mori
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Guillaume Decros
- Max Planck-Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Bertrand Beauvoit
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Sophie Colombié
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Sylvain Prigent
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Pierre Pétriacq
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Yves Gibon
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Maruta T, Tanaka Y, Yamamoto K, Ishida T, Hamada A, Ishikawa T. Evolutionary insights into strategy shifts for the safe and effective accumulation of ascorbate in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:2664-2681. [PMID: 38452239 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Plants accumulate high concentrations of ascorbate, commonly in their leaves, as a redox buffer. While ascorbate levels have increased during plant evolution, the mechanisms behind this phenomenon are unclear. Moreover, has the increase in ascorbate concentration been achieved without imposing any detrimental effects on the plants? In this review, we focus on potential transitions in two regulatory mechanisms related to ascorbate biosynthesis and the availability of cellular dehydroascorbate (DHA) during plant evolution. The first transition might be that the trigger for the transcriptional induction of VTC2, which encodes the rate-limiting enzyme in ascorbate biosynthesis, has shifted from oxidative stress (in green algae) to light/photosynthesis (in land plants), probably enabling the continuous accumulation of ascorbate under illumination. This could serve as a preventive system against the unpredictable occurrence of oxidative stress. The second transition might be that DHA-degrading enzymes, which protect cells from the highly reactive DHA in green algae and mosses, have been lost in ferns or flowering plants. Instead, flowering plants may have increased glutathione concentrations to reinforce the DHA reduction capacity, possibly allowing ascorbate accumulation and avoiding the toxicity of DHA. These potential transitions may have contributed to strategies for plants' safe and effective accumulation of ascorbate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Maruta
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
- Bioresource and Life Sciences, The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
- Institute of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Academic Assembly, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Tanaka
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
- Bioresource and Life Sciences, The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Kojiro Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Ishida
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Akane Hamada
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ishikawa
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
- Bioresource and Life Sciences, The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
- Institute of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Academic Assembly, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Smirnoff N, Wheeler GL. The ascorbate biosynthesis pathway in plants is known, but there is a way to go with understanding control and functions. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:2604-2630. [PMID: 38300237 PMCID: PMC11066809 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Ascorbate (vitamin C) is one of the most abundant primary metabolites in plants. Its complex chemistry enables it to function as an antioxidant, as a free radical scavenger, and as a reductant for iron and copper. Ascorbate biosynthesis occurs via the mannose/l-galactose pathway in green plants, and the evidence for this pathway being the major route is reviewed. Ascorbate accumulation is leaves is responsive to light, reflecting various roles in photoprotection. GDP-l-galactose phosphorylase (GGP) is the first dedicated step in the pathway and is important in controlling ascorbate synthesis. Its expression is determined by a combination of transcription and translation. Translation is controlled by an upstream open reading frame (uORF) which blocks translation of the main GGP-coding sequence, possibly in an ascorbate-dependent manner. GGP associates with a PAS-LOV protein, inhibiting its activity, and dissociation is induced by blue light. While low ascorbate mutants are susceptible to oxidative stress, they grow nearly normally. In contrast, mutants lacking ascorbate do not grow unless rescued by supplementation. Further research should investigate possible basal functions of ascorbate in severely deficient plants involving prevention of iron overoxidation in 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases and iron mobilization during seed development and germination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Smirnoff
- Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rafiri M, Sedibe MM, Dikane GMH. Comparative Bioactive Compounds and Mineral Properties of South African and Lesotho Artemisia afra (Jacq.) Genotypes. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1126. [PMID: 38674538 PMCID: PMC11054442 DOI: 10.3390/plants13081126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Artemisia afra is a plant that grows in the northern, central, and coastal regions of South Africa, as well as in neighboring countries such as Eswatini and Lesotho. These phytochemicals can be used as active compounds in plant-based medicine. Therefore, it is important to determine how plant minerals and phytochemicals, particularly bioactive compounds, are affected by the geolocation in which they grow. This study aimed to evaluate the mineral and phytochemical properties of A. afra genotypes in the southern regions of Africa. Leaf samples of A. afra genotypes were collected from Lesotho, in Mohale's Hoek and Roma. In South Africa, leaf samples were collected in Wepener and Hobhouse, and 80 plants were randomly selected for phytochemical and mineral analyses. This study reveals that phosphorus, calcium, potassium, iron, and zinc loaded positively to the first principal component, while copper loaded positively to the second principal component with variabilities of 29.95% and 21.12%, respectively. Furthermore, both the Mohale's Hoek and Hobhouse genotypes exhibited relatively high levels of ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and tannins. It is worth noting that genotypes from Roma and Wepener showed higher levels of foliar magnesium. Thus, the Mohale's Hoek and Hobhouse genotypes could be recommended for their better phytochemical contents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Moosa Mahmood Sedibe
- Department of Agriculture, Central University of Technology, Free State, Private Bag x20539, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa; (M.R.); (G.M.H.D.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Paffrath V, Tandron Moya YA, Weber G, von Wirén N, Giehl RFH. A major role of coumarin-dependent ferric iron reduction in strategy I-type iron acquisition in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:642-664. [PMID: 38016103 PMCID: PMC10896297 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Many non-graminaceous species release various coumarins in response to iron (Fe) deficiency. However, the physiological relevance of these coumarins remains poorly understood. Here, we show that the three enzymes leading to sideretin biosynthesis co-exist in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) epidermal and cortical cells and that the shift to fraxetin at alkaline pH depends on MYB72-mediated repression of CYTOCHROME P450, FAMILY 82, SUBFAMILY C, POLYPEPTIDE 4 (CYP82C4). In vitro, only fraxetin and sideretin can reduce part of the Fe(III) that they mobilize. We demonstrate that coumarin-mediated Fe(III) reduction is critical under acidic conditions, as fraxetin and sideretin can complement the Fe(III)-chelate reductase mutant ferric reduction oxidase 2 (fro2), and disruption of coumarin biosynthesis in fro2 plants impairs Fe acquisition similar to in the Fe(II) uptake-deficient mutant iron-regulated transporter 1 (irt1). Disruption of sideretin biosynthesis in a fro2 cyp82C4-1 double mutant revealed that sideretin is the dominant chemical reductant that functions with FRO2 to mediate Fe(II) formation for root uptake. At alkaline pH, Fe(III) reduction by coumarins becomes almost negligible but fraxetin still sustains high Fe(III) mobilization, suggesting that its main function is to provide chelated Fe(III) for FRO2. Our study indicates that strategy-I plants link sideretin and fraxetin biosynthesis and secretion to external pH to recruit distinct coumarin chemical activities to maximize Fe acquisition according to prevailing soil pH conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Paffrath
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) OT Gatersleben, Corrensstr 3, 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Yudelsy A Tandron Moya
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) OT Gatersleben, Corrensstr 3, 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Günther Weber
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften (ISAS) e.V., Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Str 11, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Nicolaus von Wirén
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) OT Gatersleben, Corrensstr 3, 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Ricardo F H Giehl
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) OT Gatersleben, Corrensstr 3, 06466 Seeland, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Clúa J, Montpetit J, Jimenez-Sandoval P, Naumann C, Santiago J, Poirier Y. A CYBDOM protein impacts iron homeostasis and primary root growth under phosphate deficiency in Arabidopsis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:423. [PMID: 38212368 PMCID: PMC10784552 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43911-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Arabidopsis primary root growth response to phosphate (Pi) deficiency is mainly controlled by changes in apoplastic iron (Fe). Upon Pi deficiency, apoplastic Fe deposition in the root apical meristem activates pathways leading to the arrest of meristem maintenance and inhibition of cell elongation. Here, we report that a member of the uncharacterized cytochrome b561 and DOMON domain (CYBDOM) protein family, named CRR, promotes iron reduction in an ascorbate-dependent manner and controls apoplastic iron deposition. Under low Pi, the crr mutant shows an enhanced reduction of primary root growth associated with increased apoplastic Fe in the root meristem and a reduction in meristematic cell division. Conversely, CRR overexpression abolishes apoplastic Fe deposition rendering primary root growth insensitive to low Pi. The crr single mutant and crr hyp1 double mutant, harboring a null allele in another member of the CYDOM family, shows increased tolerance to high-Fe stress upon germination and seedling growth. Conversely, CRR overexpression is associated with increased uptake and translocation of Fe to the shoot and results in plants highly sensitive to Fe excess. Our results identify a ferric reductase implicated in Fe homeostasis and developmental responses to abiotic stress, and reveal a biological role for CYBDOM proteins in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Clúa
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Biophore Building, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jonatan Montpetit
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Biophore Building, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Jimenez-Sandoval
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Biophore Building, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christin Naumann
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Julia Santiago
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Biophore Building, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yves Poirier
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Biophore Building, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mishra S, Sharma A, Srivastava AK. Ascorbic acid: a metabolite switch for designing stress-smart crops. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2024:1-17. [PMID: 38163756 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2023.2286428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Plant growth and productivity are continually being challenged by a diverse array of abiotic stresses, including: water scarcity, extreme temperatures, heavy metal exposure, and soil salinity. A common theme in these stresses is the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which disrupts cellular redox homeostasis causing oxidative damage. Ascorbic acid (AsA), commonly known as vitamin C, is an essential nutrient for humans, and also plays a crucial role in the plant kingdom. AsA is synthesized by plants through the d-mannose/l-galactose pathway that functions as a powerful antioxidant and protects plant cells from ROS generated during photosynthesis. AsA controls several key physiological processes, including: photosynthesis, respiration, and carbohydrate metabolism, either by acting as a co-factor for metabolic enzymes or by regulating cellular redox-status. AsA's multi-functionality uniquely positions it to integrate and recalibrate redox-responsive transcriptional/metabolic circuits and essential biological processes, in accordance to developmental and environmental cues. In recognition of this, we present a systematic overview of current evidence highlighting AsA as a central metabolite-switch in plants. Further, a comprehensive overview of genetic manipulation of genes involved in AsA metabolism has been provided along with the bottlenecks and future research directions, that could serve as a framework for designing "stress-smart" crops in future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shefali Mishra
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Ankush Sharma
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Srivastava
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hsieh EJ, Liao SW, Chang CY, Tseng CH, Wang SL, Grillet L. L-DOPA induces iron accumulation in roots of Ipomoea aquatica and Arabidopsis thaliana in a pH-dependent manner. BOTANICAL STUDIES 2023; 64:24. [PMID: 37620733 PMCID: PMC10449704 DOI: 10.1186/s40529-023-00396-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron deficiency is the leading cause of anemia worldwide, particularly in countries with predominant plant-based diets. Plants constitute the main source of dietary iron. Increasing their iron concentration could reduce the occurrence of anemia. The water spinach Ipomoea aquatica is consumed as a vegetable throughout Asia and tolerates high iron concentrations making it an attractive candidate for iron biofortification. L-DOPA is an allelopathic molecule secreted by some legumes. L-DOPA can trigger the expression of Fe deficiency-inducible genes, and could potentially be used as a biostimulant to increase Fe concentration. RESULTS L-DOPA significantly affected root growth of water spinach, and triggered a massive accumulation of Fe in roots. Both effects were exacerbated when L-DOPA was dissolved in KOH, which is surprising given that L-DOPA is less stable at high pH. To check whether a higher pH could indeed increase the bioactivity of L-DOPA, we used Arabidopsis thaliana, which grows at lower pH than water spinach, and subjected the plants to L-DOPA treatments at pH 5.5 and pH 6.0, which are both within the optimal range for Arabidopsis nutrition. At pH 6.0, the root growth of Arabidopsis was more strongly inhibited than at pH 5.5. We found that at higher pH, L-DOPA oxidizes to form a melanin precipitate. CONCLUSIONS We concluded that the oxidation of L-DOPA that we observed upon solubilization in KOH, or in nutrient solutions at slightly higher pH produces melanin-related molecules that are more potent than L-DOPA itself to trigger the primary root growth inhibition, Fe uptake and root Fe accumulation in water spinach and Arabidopsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- En-Jung Hsieh
- College of Agriculture and Bioresources, Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Building No. 2, Rm. 209A No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Siao-Wei Liao
- College of Agriculture and Bioresources, Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Building No. 2, Rm. 209A No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yuan Chang
- College of Agriculture and Bioresources, Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Building No. 2, Rm. 209A No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Han Tseng
- College of Agriculture and Bioresources, Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Building No. 2, Rm. 209A No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shan-Li Wang
- College of Agriculture and Bioresources, Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Building No. 2, Rm. 209A No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Louis Grillet
- College of Agriculture and Bioresources, Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Building No. 2, Rm. 209A No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu XX, Zhu XF, Xue DW, Zheng SJ, Jin CW. Beyond iron-storage pool: functions of plant apoplastic iron during stress. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 28:941-954. [PMID: 37019715 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is an essential micronutrient for plants, and its storage in the apoplast represents an important Fe pool. Plants have developed various strategies to reutilize this apoplastic Fe pool to adapt to Fe deficiency. In addition, growing evidence indicates that the dynamic changes in apoplastic Fe are critical for plant adaptation to other stresses, including ammonium stress, phosphate deficiency, and pathogen attack. In this review, we discuss and scrutinize the relevance of apoplastic Fe for plant behavior changes in response to stress cues. We mainly focus on the relevant components that modulate the actions and downstream events of apoplastic Fe in stress signaling networks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Xing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Fang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Da Wei Xue
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shao Jian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chong Wei Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hamada A, Tanaka Y, Ishikawa T, Maruta T. Chloroplast dehydroascorbate reductase and glutathione cooperatively determine the capacity for ascorbate accumulation under photooxidative stress conditions. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 114:68-82. [PMID: 36694959 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ascorbate is an indispensable redox buffer essential for plant growth and stress acclimation. Its oxidized form, dehydroascorbate (DHA), undergoes rapid degradation unless it is recycled back into ascorbate by glutathione (GSH)-dependent enzymatic or non-enzymatic reactions, with the enzymatic reactions catalyzed by dehydroascorbate reductases (DHARs). Our recent study utilizing an Arabidopsis quadruple mutant (∆dhar pad2), which lacks all three DHARs (∆dhar) and is deficient in GSH (pad2), has posited that these GSH-dependent reactions operate in a complementary manner, enabling a high accumulation of ascorbate under high-light stress. However, as Arabidopsis DHAR functions in the cytosol or chloroplasts, it remained unclear which isoform played a more significant role in cooperation with GSH-dependent non-enzymatic reactions. To further comprehend the intricate network of ascorbate recycling systems in plants, we generated mutant lines lacking cytosolic DHAR1/2 or chloroplastic DHAR3, or both, in another GSH-deficient background (cad2). A comprehensive comparison of ascorbate profiles in these mutants under conditions of photooxidative stress induced by various light intensities or methyl viologen unequivocally demonstrated that chloroplastic DHAR3, but not cytosolic isoforms, works in concert with GSH to accumulate ascorbate. Our findings further illustrate that imbalances between stress intensity and recycling capacity significantly impact ascorbate pool size and tolerance to photooxidative stress. Additionally, it was found that the absence of DHARs and GSH deficiency do not impede ascorbate biosynthesis, at least in terms of transcription or activity of biosynthetic enzymes. This study provides insights into the robustness of ascorbate recycling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akane Hamada
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Tanaka
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
- Bioresource and Life Sciences, The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, 680-8553, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ishikawa
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
- Bioresource and Life Sciences, The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, 680-8553, Japan
- Institute of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Academic Assembly, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
| | - Takanori Maruta
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
- Bioresource and Life Sciences, The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, 680-8553, Japan
- Institute of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Academic Assembly, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Murgia I, Midali A, Cimini S, De Gara L, Manasherova E, Cohen H, Paucelle A, Morandini P. The Arabidopsis thaliana Gulono-1,4 γ-lactone oxidase 2 (GULLO2) facilitates iron transport from endosperm into developing embryos and affects seed coat suberization. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 196:712-723. [PMID: 36809732 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Plants synthesize ascorbate (ASC) via the D-mannose/L-galactose pathway whereas animals produce ASC and H2O2via the UDP-glucose pathway, with Gulono-1,4 γ-lactone oxidases (GULLO) as the last step. A. thaliana has seven isoforms, GULLO1-7; previous in silico analysis suggested that GULLO2, mostly expressed in developing seeds, might be involved in iron (Fe) nutrition. We isolated atgullo2-1 and atgullo2-2 mutants, quantified ASC and H2O2 in developing siliques, Fe(III) reduction in immature embryos and seed coats. Surfaces of mature seed coats were analysed via atomic force and electron microscopies; suberin monomer and elemental compositions of mature seeds, including Fe, were profiled via chromatography and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Lower levels of ASC and H2O2 in atgullo2 immature siliques are accompanied by an impaired Fe(III) reduction in seed coats and lower Fe content in embryos and seeds; atgullo2 seeds displayed reduced permeability and higher levels of C18:2 and C18:3 ω-hydroxyacids, the two predominant suberin monomers in A. thaliana seeds. We propose that GULLO2 contributes to ASC synthesis, for Fe(III) reduction into Fe(II). This step is critical for Fe transport from endosperm into developing embryos. We also show that alterations in GULLO2 activity affect suberin biosynthesis and accumulation in the seed coat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Murgia
- Environmental Science and Policy Dept., University of Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milano, Italy.
| | - Alessia Midali
- Environmental Science and Policy Dept., University of Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Sara Cimini
- Department of Science and Technology for Humans and the Environment, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128, Roma, Italy
| | - Laura De Gara
- Department of Science and Technology for Humans and the Environment, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128, Roma, Italy
| | - Ekaterina Manasherova
- Department of Vegetable and Field Crops, Institute of Plant Sciences ARO, Volcani Center, 68 HaMaccabim Rd., Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
| | - Hagai Cohen
- Department of Vegetable and Field Crops, Institute of Plant Sciences ARO, Volcani Center, 68 HaMaccabim Rd., Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
| | - Alexis Paucelle
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA Centre de Versailles-Grignon, 78026, Versailles, Route de Saint-Cyr Cedex, France
| | - Piero Morandini
- Environmental Science and Policy Dept., University of Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
The Functions of Chloroplastic Ascorbate in Vascular Plants and Algae. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032537. [PMID: 36768860 PMCID: PMC9916717 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Ascorbate (Asc) is a multifunctional metabolite essential for various cellular processes in plants and animals. The best-known property of Asc is to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), in a highly regulated manner. Besides being an effective antioxidant, Asc also acts as a chaperone for 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases that are involved in the hormone metabolism of plants and the synthesis of various secondary metabolites. Asc also essential for the epigenetic regulation of gene expression, signaling and iron transport. Thus, Asc affects plant growth, development, and stress resistance via various mechanisms. In this review, the intricate relationship between Asc and photosynthesis in plants and algae is summarized in the following major points: (i) regulation of Asc biosynthesis by light, (ii) interaction between photosynthetic and mitochondrial electron transport in relation to Asc biosynthesis, (iii) Asc acting as an alternative electron donor of photosystem II, (iv) Asc inactivating the oxygen-evolving complex, (v) the role of Asc in non-photochemical quenching, and (vi) the role of Asc in ROS management in the chloroplast. The review also discusses differences in the regulation of Asc biosynthesis and the effects of Asc on photosynthesis in algae and vascular plants.
Collapse
|
14
|
Kermeur N, Pédrot M, Cabello-Hurtado F. Iron Availability and Homeostasis in Plants: A Review of Responses, Adaptive Mechanisms, and Signaling. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2642:49-81. [PMID: 36944872 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3044-0_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Iron is an essential element for all living organisms, playing a major role in plant biochemistry as a redox catalyst based on iron redox properties. Iron is the fourth most abundant element of the Earth's crust, but its uptake by plants is complex because it is often in insoluble forms that are not easily accessible for plants to use. The physical and chemical speciation of iron, as well as rhizosphere activity, are key factors controlling the bioavailability of Fe. Iron can be under reduced (Fe2+) or oxidized (Fe3+) ionic forms, adsorbed onto mineral surfaces, forming complexes with organic molecules, precipitated to form poorly crystalline hydroxides to highly crystalline iron oxides, or included in crystalline Fe-rich mineral phases. Plants must thus adapt to a complex and changing iron environment, and their response is finely regulated by multiple signaling pathways initiated by a diversity of stimulus perceptions. Higher plants possess two separate strategies to uptake iron from rhizosphere soil: the chelation strategy and the reduction strategy in grass and non-grass plants, respectively. Molecular actors involved in iron uptake and mobilization through the plant have been characterized for both strategies. All these processes that contribute to iron homeostasis in plants are highly regulated in response to iron availability by downstream signaling responses, some of which are characteristic signaling signatures of iron dynamics, while others are shared with other environmental stimuli. Recent research has thus revealed key transcription factors, cis-acting elements, post-translational regulators, and other molecular mechanisms controlling these genes or their encoded proteins in response to iron availability. In addition, the most recent research is increasingly highlighting the crosstalk between iron homeostasis and nutrient response regulation. These regulatory processes help to avoid plant iron concentrations building up to potential cell functioning disruptions that could adversely affect plant fitness. Indeed, when iron is in excess in the plant, it can lead to the production and accumulation of dangerous reactive oxygen species and free radicals (H2O2, HO•, O2•-, HO•2) that can cause considerable damages to most cellular components. To cope with iron oxidative stress, plants have developed defense systems involving the complementary action of antioxidant enzymes and molecular antioxidants, safe iron-storage mechanisms, and appropriate morphological adaptations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nolenn Kermeur
- University of Rennes, CNRS, Ecobio, UMR 6553, Rennes, France
- University of Rennes, CNRS, Géosciences Rennes, UMR 6118, Rennes, France
| | - Mathieu Pédrot
- University of Rennes, CNRS, Géosciences Rennes, UMR 6118, Rennes, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Xu ZR, Cai ML, Yang Y, You TT, Ma JF, Wang P, Zhao FJ. The ferroxidases LPR1 and LPR2 control iron translocation in the xylem of Arabidopsis plants. MOLECULAR PLANT 2022; 15:1962-1975. [PMID: 36348623 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) deficiency is common in agricultural crops and affects millions of people worldwide. Translocation of Fe in the xylem is a key step for Fe distribution in plants. The mechanism controlling this process remains largely unknown. Here, we report that two Arabidopsis ferroxidases, LPR1 and LPR2, play a crucial and redundant role in controlling Fe translocation in the xylem. LPR1 and LPR2 are mainly localized in the cell walls of xylem vessels and the surrounding cells in roots, leaves, and stems. Knockout of both LPR1 and LPR2 increased the proportion of Fe(II) in the xylem sap, and caused Fe deposition along the vascular bundles especially in the petioles and main veins of leaves, which was alleviated by blocking blue light. The lpr1 lpr2 double mutant displayed constitutive expression of Fe deficiency response genes and overaccumulation of Fe in the roots and mature leaves under Fe-sufficient supply, but Fe deficiency chlorosis in the new leaves and inflorescences under low Fe supply. Moreover, the lpr1 lpr2 double mutant showed lower Fe concentrations in the xylem and phloem saps, and impaired 57Fe translocation along the xylem. In vitro assays showed that Fe(III)-citrate, the main form of Fe in xylem sap, is easily photoreduced to Fe(II)-citrate, which is unstable and prone to adsorption by cell walls. Taken together, these results indicate that LPR1 and LPR2 are required to oxidize Fe(II) and maintain Fe(III)-citrate stability and mobility during xylem translocation against photoreduction. Our study not only uncovers an essential physiological role of LPR1 and LPR2 but also reveals a new mechanism by which plants maintain Fe mobility during long-distance translocation in the xylem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Rui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Mei-Ling Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ting-Ting You
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jian Feng Ma
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Chuo 2-20-1, Kurashiki 710-0046, Japan
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Fang-Jie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Brun A, Smokvarska M, Wei L, Chay S, Curie C, Mari S. MCO1 and MCO3, two putative ascorbate oxidases with ferroxidase activity, new candidates for the regulation of apoplastic iron excess in Arabidopsis. PLANT DIRECT 2022; 6:e463. [PMID: 36405511 PMCID: PMC9669615 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is an essential metal ion that plays a major role as a cofactor in many biological processes. The balance between the Fe2+ and Fe3+ forms is central for cellular Fe homeostasis because it regulates its transport, utilization, and storage. Contrary to Fe3+ reduction that is crucial for Fe uptake by roots in deficiency conditions, ferroxidation has been much less studied. In this work, we have focused on the molecular characterization of two members of the MultiCopper Oxidase family (MCO1 and MCO3) that share high identity with the Saccharomyces cerevisiae ferroxidase Fet3. The heterologous expression of MCO1 and MCO3 restored the growth of the yeast fet3fet4 mutant, impaired in high and low affinity Fe uptake and otherwise unable to grow in Fe deficient media, suggesting that MCO1 and MCO3 were functional ferroxidases. The ferroxidase enzymatic activity of MCO3 was further confirmed by the measurement of Fe2+-dependent oxygen consumption, because ferroxidases use oxygen as electron acceptor to generate water molecules. In planta, the expression of MCO1 and MCO3 was induced by increasing Fe concentrations in the medium. Promoter-GUS reporter lines showed that MCO1 and MCO3 were mostly expressed in shoots and histochemical analyses further showed that both promoters were highly active in mesophyll cells. Transient expression of MCO1-RFP and MCO3-RFP in tobacco leaves revealed that both proteins were localized in the apoplast. Moreover, cell plasmolysis experiments showed that MCO1 remained closely associated to the plasma membrane whereas MCO3 filled the entire apoplast compartment. Although the four knock out mutant lines isolated (mco1-1, mco1-2, mco3-1, and mco3-2) did not display any macroscopic phenotype, histochemical staining of Fe with the Perls/DAB procedure revealed that mesophyll cells of all four mutants overaccumulated Fe inside the cells in Fe-rich structures in the chloroplasts, compared with wild-type. These results suggested that the regulation of Fe transport in mesophyll cells had been disturbed in the mutants, in both standard condition and Fe excess. Taken together, our findings strongly suggest that MCO1 and MCO3 participate in the control of Fe transport in the mesophyll cells, most likely by displacing the Fe2+/Fe3+ balance toward Fe3+ in the apoplast and therefore limiting the accumulation of Fe2+, which is more mobile and prone to be transported across the plasma membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Brun
- IPSiM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut AgroMontpellierFrance
| | - Marija Smokvarska
- IPSiM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut AgroMontpellierFrance
| | - Lili Wei
- IPSiM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut AgroMontpellierFrance
| | - Sandrine Chay
- IPSiM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut AgroMontpellierFrance
| | - Catherine Curie
- IPSiM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut AgroMontpellierFrance
| | - Stéphane Mari
- IPSiM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut AgroMontpellierFrance
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Advances in Novel Animal Vitamin C Biosynthesis Pathways and the Role of Prokaryote-Based Inferences to Understand Their Origin. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13101917. [PMID: 36292802 PMCID: PMC9602106 DOI: 10.3390/genes13101917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin C (VC) is an essential nutrient required for the optimal function and development of many organisms. VC has been studied for many decades, and still today, the characterization of its functions is a dynamic scientific field, mainly because of its commercial and therapeutic applications. In this review, we discuss, in a comparative way, the increasing evidence for alternative VC synthesis pathways in insects and nematodes, and the potential of myo-inositol as a possible substrate for this metabolic process in metazoans. Methodological approaches that may be useful for the future characterization of the VC synthesis pathways of Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster are here discussed. We also summarize the current distribution of the eukaryote aldonolactone oxidoreductases gene lineages, while highlighting the added value of studies on prokaryote species that are likely able to synthesize VC for both the characterization of novel VC synthesis pathways and inferences on the complex evolutionary history of such pathways. Such work may help improve the industrial production of VC.
Collapse
|
18
|
Álvarez-Robles MJ, Clemente R, Ferrer MA, Calderón A, Bernal MP. Effects of ascorbic acid addition on the oxidative stress response of Oryza sativa L. plants to As(V) exposure. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 186:232-241. [PMID: 35926283 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of noxious elements in the edible part of crops and its impact on food safety is of increasing concern. Rice is one of the major staple food crops worldwide, including arsenic (As)-polluted areas, in which dietary As exposure is becoming a widespread health threat. Plant chemical priming has been shown to be an effective strategy to enhance tolerance to environmental stresses, including metal(loid) exposure. The priming effect of ascorbic acid (AsA) was assessed in rice seedlings exposed to As(V) in a hydroponics experiment. AsA treatment (co-addition to the growing media concomitantly (t0) or 24 h in advance (t24)) prevented an excessive accumulation of As in the roots (that decreased ∼ 60%) and stimulated the activities of photosynthetic and antioxidant attributes (∼1.2-fold) in the aerial part of the plants. The increase in proline levels in both shoots (∼2.1-fold) and roots (∼2.4-fold) was found to be the most sensitive stress parameter, and was able to reflect the AsA-induced reduction of As toxic effects (concentrations back to Control levels, both simultaneously added or added as a pretreatment) in the aerial part of the plants. However, the phytotoxic effects related to As exposure were not fully prevented by priming with AsA, and further research is needed to find alternative priming approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M J Álvarez-Robles
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - R Clemente
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - M A Ferrer
- Department of Agricultural Science and Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Paseo Alfonso XIII 48, 30203, Cartagena, Spain
| | - A Calderón
- Department of Agricultural Science and Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Paseo Alfonso XIII 48, 30203, Cartagena, Spain
| | - M P Bernal
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Maruta T. How does light facilitate vitamin C biosynthesis in leaves? Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2022; 86:1173-1182. [PMID: 35746883 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbac096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Plants store ascorbate in high concentrations, particularly in their leaves. Ascorbate is an excellent antioxidant that acts as an indispensable photoprotectant. The D-mannose/L-galactose pathway is responsible for ascorbate biosynthesis in plants. Light facilitates ascorbate biosynthesis in a light intensity-dependent manner to enhance ascorbate pool size in leaves, and photosynthesis is required for this process. Light- and photosynthesis-dependent activation of the rate-limiting enzyme GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase (GGP) plays a critical role in ascorbate pool size regulation. In addition, the tight regulation of ascorbate biosynthesis by ascorbate itself has been proposed. Ascorbate represses GGP translation in a dose-dependent manner through the upstream open reading frame in the 5'-untranslated regions of the gene, which may compete with the light-dependent activation of ascorbate biosynthesis. This review focuses on ascorbate biosynthesis based on past and latest findings and critically discusses how light activates this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Maruta
- Institute of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Academic Assembly, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Higgins S, Biswas S, Goff NK, Septiningsih EM, Kurouski D. Raman Spectroscopy Enables Non-invasive and Confirmatory Diagnostics of Aluminum and Iron Toxicities in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:754735. [PMID: 35651767 PMCID: PMC9149412 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.754735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Metal toxicities can be detrimental to a plant health, as well as to the health of animals and humans that consume such plants. Metal content of plants can be analyzed using colorimetric, atomic absorption- or mass spectroscopy-based methods. However, these techniques are destructive, costly and laborious. In the current study, we investigate the potential of Raman spectroscopy (RS), a modern spectroscopic technique, for detection and identification of metal toxicities in rice. We modeled medium and high levels of iron and aluminum toxicities in hydroponically grown plants. Spectroscopic analyses of their leaves showed that both iron and aluminum toxicities can be detected and identified with ∼100% accuracy as early as day 2 after the stress initiation. We also showed that diagnostics accuracy was very high not only on early, but also on middle (day 4-day 8) and late (day 10-day 14) stages of the stress development. Importantly this approach only requires an acquisition time of 1 s; it is non-invasive and non-destructive to plants. Our findings suggest that if implemented in farming, RS can enable pre-symptomatic detection and identification of metallic toxins that would lead to faster recovery of crops and prevent further damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Higgins
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Sudip Biswas
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Nicolas K. Goff
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Endang M. Septiningsih
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Dmitry Kurouski
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Grant-Grant S, Schaffhauser M, Baeza-Gonzalez P, Gao F, Conéjéro G, Vidal EA, Gaymard F, Dubos C, Curie C, Roschzttardtz H. B3 Transcription Factors Determine Iron Distribution and FERRITIN Gene Expression in Embryo but Do Not Control Total Seed Iron Content. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:870078. [PMID: 35599858 PMCID: PMC9120844 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.870078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Iron is an essential micronutrient for humans and other organisms. Its deficiency is one of the leading causes of anemia worldwide. The world health organization has proposed that an alternative to increasing iron content in food is through crop biofortification. One of the most consumed part of crops is the seed, however, little is known about how iron accumulation in seed occurs and how it is regulated. B3 transcription factors play a critical role in the accumulation of storage compounds such as proteins and lipids. Their role in seed maturation has been well characterized. However, their relevance in accumulation and distribution of micronutrients like iron remains unknown. In Arabidopsis thaliana and other plant models, three master regulators belonging to the B3 transcription factors family have been identified: FUSCA3 (FUS3), LEAFY COTYLEDON2 (LEC2), and ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE 3 (ABI3). In this work, we studied how seed iron homeostasis is affected in B3 transcription factors mutants using histological and molecular approaches. We determined that iron distribution is modified in abi3, lec2, and fus3 embryo mutants. For abi3-6 and fus3-3 mutant embryos, iron was less accumulated in vacuoles of cells surrounding provasculature compared with wild type embryos. lec2-1 embryos showed no difference in the pattern of iron distribution in hypocotyl, but a dramatic decrease of iron was observed in cotyledons. Interestingly, for the three mutant genotypes, total iron content in dry mutant seeds showed no difference compared to wild type. At the molecular level, we showed that genes encoding the iron storage ferritins proteins are misregulated in mutant seeds. Altogether our results support a role of the B3 transcription factors ABI3, LEC2, and FUS3 in maintaining iron homeostasis in Arabidopsis embryos.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susana Grant-Grant
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Macarena Schaffhauser
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Baeza-Gonzalez
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fei Gao
- IPSiM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Geneviève Conéjéro
- IPSiM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Elena A. Vidal
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo ANID-Millennium Science Initiative Program, Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago, Chile
| | - Frederic Gaymard
- IPSiM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Christian Dubos
- IPSiM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Catherine Curie
- IPSiM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Hannetz Roschzttardtz
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chaturvedi S, Khan S, Bhunia RK, Kaur K, Tiwari S. Metabolic engineering in food crops to enhance ascorbic acid production: crop biofortification perspectives for human health. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 28:871-884. [PMID: 35464783 PMCID: PMC9016690 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-022-01172-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ascorbic acid (AsA) also known as vitamin C is considered as an essential micronutrient in the diet of humans. The human body is unable to synthesize AsA, thus solely dependent on exogenous sources to accomplish the nutritional requirement. AsA plays a crucial role in different physiological aspects of human health like bone formation, iron absorption, maintenance and development of connective tissues, conversion of cholesterol to bile acid and production of serotonin. It carries antioxidant properties and is involved in curing various clinical disorders such as scurvy, viral infection, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, anemia, and diabetes. It also plays a significant role in COVID-19 prevention and recovery by improving the oxygen index and enhancing the production of natural killer cells and T-lymphocytes. In plants, AsA plays important role in floral induction, seed germination, senescence, ROS regulation and photosynthesis. AsA is an essential counterpart of the antioxidant system and helps to defend the plants against abiotic and biotic stresses. Surprisingly, the deficiencies of AsA are spreading in both developed and developing countries. The amount of AsA in the major food crops such as wheat, rice, maize, and other raw natural plant foods is inadequate to fulfill its dietary requirements. Hence, the biofortification of AsA in staple crops would be feasible and cost-effective means of delivering AsA to populations that may have limited access to diverse diets and other interventions. In this review, we endeavor to provide information on the role of AsA in plants and human health, and also perused various biotechnological and agronomical approaches for elevating AsA content in food crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siddhant Chaturvedi
- Plant Tissue Culture and Genetic Engineering Lab, National Agri-
Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology (Government of India), Sector-81, Knowledge City, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306 India
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014 India
| | - Shahirina Khan
- Plant Tissue Culture and Genetic Engineering Lab, National Agri-
Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology (Government of India), Sector-81, Knowledge City, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306 India
- Department of Botany, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, 151001 India
| | - Rupam Kumar Bhunia
- Plant Tissue Culture and Genetic Engineering Lab, National Agri-
Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology (Government of India), Sector-81, Knowledge City, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306 India
| | - Karambir Kaur
- Plant Tissue Culture and Genetic Engineering Lab, National Agri-
Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology (Government of India), Sector-81, Knowledge City, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306 India
| | - Siddharth Tiwari
- Plant Tissue Culture and Genetic Engineering Lab, National Agri-
Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology (Government of India), Sector-81, Knowledge City, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306 India
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Naumann C, Heisters M, Brandt W, Janitza P, Alfs C, Tang N, Toto Nienguesso A, Ziegler J, Imre R, Mechtler K, Dagdas Y, Hoehenwarter W, Sawers G, Quint M, Abel S. Bacterial-type ferroxidase tunes iron-dependent phosphate sensing during Arabidopsis root development. Curr Biol 2022; 32:2189-2205.e6. [PMID: 35472311 PMCID: PMC9168544 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Access to inorganic phosphate (Pi), a principal intermediate of energy and nucleotide metabolism, profoundly affects cellular activities and plant performance. In most soils, antagonistic Pi-metal interactions restrict Pi bioavailability, which guides local root development to maximize Pi interception. Growing root tips scout the essential but immobile mineral nutrient; however, the mechanisms monitoring external Pi status are unknown. Here, we show that Arabidopsis LOW PHOSPHATE ROOT 1 (LPR1), one key determinant of Fe-dependent Pi sensing in root meristems, encodes a novel ferroxidase of high substrate specificity and affinity (apparent KM ∼ 2 μM Fe2+). LPR1 typifies an ancient, Fe-oxidizing multicopper protein family that evolved early upon bacterial land colonization. The ancestor of streptophyte algae and embryophytes (land plants) acquired LPR1-type ferroxidase from soil bacteria via horizontal gene transfer, a hypothesis supported by phylogenomics, homology modeling, and biochemistry. Our molecular and kinetic data on LPR1 regulation indicate that Pi-dependent Fe substrate availability determines LPR1 activity and function. Guided by the metabolic lifestyle of extant sister bacterial genera, we propose that Arabidopsis LPR1 monitors subtle concentration differentials of external Fe availability as a Pi-dependent cue to adjust root meristem maintenance via Fe redox signaling and cell wall modification. We further hypothesize that the acquisition of bacterial LPR1-type ferroxidase by embryophyte progenitors facilitated the evolution of local Pi sensing and acquisition during plant terrestrialization. Arabidopsis thaliana LPR1 multicopper oxidase typifies a novel ferroxidase cohort Fe availability tunes LPR1-dependent root responses to phosphate (Pi) limitation LPR1 specificity links Fe-Pi interactions to root Pi sensing via redox cycling Streptophyte ancestors acquired LPR1-type ferroxidase from soil bacteria by HGT
Collapse
|
24
|
Sági-Kazár M, Solymosi K, Solti Á. Iron in leaves: chemical forms, signalling, and in-cell distribution. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:1717-1734. [PMID: 35104334 PMCID: PMC9486929 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is an essential transition metal. Based on its redox-active nature under biological conditions, various Fe compounds serve as cofactors in redox enzymes. In plants, the photosynthetic machinery has the highest demand for Fe. In consequence, the delivery and incorporation of Fe into cofactors of the photosynthetic apparatus is the focus of Fe metabolism in leaves. Disturbance of foliar Fe homeostasis leads to impaired biosynthesis of chlorophylls and composition of the photosynthetic machinery. Nevertheless, mitochondrial function also has a significant demand for Fe. The proper incorporation of Fe into proteins and cofactors as well as a balanced intracellular Fe status in leaf cells require the ability to sense Fe, but may also rely on indirect signals that report on the physiological processes connected to Fe homeostasis. Although multiple pieces of information have been gained on Fe signalling in roots, the regulation of Fe status in leaves has not yet been clarified in detail. In this review, we give an overview on current knowledge of foliar Fe homeostasis, from the chemical forms to the allocation and sensing of Fe in leaves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Máté Sági-Kazár
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary
| | - Katalin Solymosi
- Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary
| | - Ádám Solti
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Murgia I, Marzorati F, Vigani G, Morandini P. Plant iron nutrition: the long road from soil to seeds. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:1809-1824. [PMID: 34864996 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is an essential plant micronutrient since many cellular processes including photosynthesis, respiration, and the scavenging of reactive oxygen species depend on adequate Fe levels; however, non-complexed Fe ions can be dangerous for cells, as they can act as pro-oxidants. Hence, plants possess a complex homeostatic control system for safely taking up Fe from the soil and transporting it to its various cellular destinations, and for its subcellular compartmentalization. At the end of the plant's life cycle, maturing seeds are loaded with the required amount of Fe needed for germination and early seedling establishment. In this review, we discuss recent findings on how the microbiota in the rhizosphere influence and interact with the strategies adopted by plants to take up iron from the soil. We also focus on the process of seed-loading with Fe, and for crop species we also consider its associated metabolism in wild relatives. These two aspects of plant Fe nutrition may provide promising avenues for a better comprehension of the long pathway of Fe from soil to seeds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Murgia
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Marzorati
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Gianpiero Vigani
- Plant Physiology Unit, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Piero Morandini
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Assunção AGL, Cakmak I, Clemens S, González-Guerrero M, Nawrocki A, Thomine S. Micronutrient homeostasis in plants for more sustainable agriculture and healthier human nutrition. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:1789-1799. [PMID: 35134869 PMCID: PMC8921004 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The provision of sustainable, sufficient, and nutritious food to the growing population is a major challenge for agriculture and the plant research community. In this respect, the mineral micronutrient content of food crops deserves particular attention. Micronutrient deficiencies in cultivated soils and plants are a global problem that adversely affects crop production and plant nutritional value, as well as human health and well-being. In this review, we call for awareness of the importance and relevance of micronutrients in crop production and quality. We stress the need for better micronutrient nutrition in human populations, not only in developing but also in developed nations, and describe strategies to identify and characterize new varieties with high micronutrient content. Furthermore, we explain how adequate nutrition of plants with micronutrients impacts metabolic functions and the capacity of plants to express tolerance mechanisms against abiotic and biotic constraints. Finally, we provide a brief overview and a critical discussion on current knowledge, future challenges, and specific technological needs for research on plant micronutrient homeostasis. Research in this area is expected to foster the sustainable development of nutritious and healthy food crops for human consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana G L Assunção
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
- CIBIO-InBIO, Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
| | - Ismail Cakmak
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Stephan Clemens
- Department of Plant Physiology and Faculty of Life Sciences: Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Manuel González-Guerrero
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (UPM-INIA), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Mechanistic Insights of Chelator Complexes with Essential Transition Metals: Antioxidant/Pro-Oxidant Activity and Applications in Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031247. [PMID: 35163169 PMCID: PMC8835618 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant/pro-oxidant activity of drugs and dietary molecules and their role in the maintenance of redox homeostasis, as well as the implications in health and different diseases, have not yet been fully evaluated. In particular, the redox activity and other interactions of drugs with essential redox metal ions, such as iron and copper, need further investigation. These metal ions are ubiquitous in human nutrition but also widely found in dietary supplements and appear to exert major effects on redox homeostasis in health, but also on many diseases of free radical pathology. In this context, the redox mechanistic insights of mainly three prototype groups of drugs, namely alpha-ketohydroxypyridines (alpha-hydroxypyridones), e.g., deferiprone, anthraquinones, e.g., doxorubicin and thiosemicarbazones, e.g., triapine and their metal complexes were examined; details of the mechanisms of their redox activity were reviewed, with emphasis on the biological implications and potential clinical applications, including anticancer activity. Furthermore, the redox properties of these three classes of chelators were compared to those of the iron chelating drugs and also to vitamin C, with an emphasis on their potential clinical interactions and future clinical application prospects in cancer, neurodegenerative and other diseases.
Collapse
|
28
|
Guha T, Mukherjee A, Kundu R. Nano-Scale Zero Valent Iron (nZVI) Priming Enhances Yield, Alters Mineral Distribution and Grain Nutrient Content of Oryza sativa L. cv. Gobindobhog: A Field Study. JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION 2022; 41:710-733. [PMID: 33649694 PMCID: PMC7905201 DOI: 10.1007/s00344-021-10335-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED In recent decades, nano-scale zero valent iron is reported to have plant growth enhancement capacity under laboratory conditions, but till date, there is no report to highlight its effect on the growth and yield of field-grown plants. In this study, we have evaluated the potential of nZVI priming on rice yield. A two-year field study has been conducted with different concentrations (10, 20, 40, and 80 mg l-1) of nZVI for seed priming. The efficacy of nanopriming was compared with the hydroprimed control set. Seeds were treated for 72 h and sown in nursery beds and after 30 days seedlings were transplanted in the field. Root anatomy and morphology were studied in 7 days old seedlings where no changes were found. RAPD analysis also confirmed that low doses of nZVI were not genotoxic. Nanoprimed plants also had broader leaves, higher growth, biomass, and tiller number than control plants. Maximum yield was obtained from the 20 mg l-1 nZVI primed set (3.8 fold higher than untreated control) which is achieved primarily because of the increase in fertile tiller numbers (two fold higher than untreated control). Higher values of other agronomic parameters like growth rate, net assimilation rate proved that nZVI priming enhanced photosynthetic efficiency and helped in the proper storage of photo-assimilates. All these attributed to increased accumulation of phytochemicals like starch, soluble sugar, protein, lipid, phenol, riboflavin, thiamine, and ascorbic acid in the grains. The elemental analysis confirmed that nZVI priming also promoted higher accumulations of macro and micronutrients in grains. Thus, nanoprimed seeds showed better crop performance compared to the traditional hydropimed seeds. Hence, nZVI can be considered as 'pro-fertilizer' and can be used commercially as a seed treatment agent which is capable of boosting plant growth and yield along with minimum interference to the soil ecosystem. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00344-021-10335-0.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Titir Guha
- Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, Calcutta University, 35, Ballygange Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019 India
| | - Amitava Mukherjee
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632 014 India
| | - Rita Kundu
- Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, Calcutta University, 35, Ballygange Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019 India
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Selyutina OY, Kononova PA, Koshman VE, Shelepova EA, Azad MG, Afroz R, Dharmasivam M, Bernhardt PV, Polyakov NE, Richardson DR. Ascorbate-and iron-driven redox activity of Dp44mT and emodin facilitates peroxidation of micelles and bicelles. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2021; 1866:130078. [PMID: 34974127 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2021.130078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron (Fe)-induced oxidative stress leads to reactive oxygen species that damage biomembranes, with this mechanism being involved in the activity of some anti-cancer chemotherapeutics. METHODS Herein, we compared the effect of Fe complexes of the ligand, di-2-pyridylketone 4,4-dimethyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (Dp44mT), or the potential ligand, Emodin, on lipid peroxidation in cell membrane models (micelles and bicelles). These studies were performed in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and the absence or presence of ascorbate. RESULTS In the absence of ascorbate, Fe(II)/Emodin mixtures incubated with H2O2 demonstrated slight pro-oxidant properties on micelles versus Fe(II) alone, while the Fe(III)-Dp44mT complex exhibited marked antioxidant properties. Examining more physiologically relevant phospholipid-containing bicelles, the Fe(II)- and Fe(III)-Dp44mT complexes demonstrated antioxidant activity without ascorbate. Upon adding ascorbate, there was a significant increase in the peroxidation of micelles and bicelles in the presence of unchelated Fe(II) and H2O2. The addition of ascorbate to Fe(III)-Dp44mT substantially increased the peroxidation of micelles and bicelles, with the Fe(III)-Dp44mT complex being reduced by ascorbate to the Fe(II) state, explaining the increased reactivity. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy demonstrated ascorbyl radical anion generation after mixing ascorbate and Emodin, with signal intensity being enhanced by H2O2. This finding suggested Emodin semiquinone radical formation that could play a role in its reactivity via ascorbate-driven redox cycling. Examining cultured melanoma cells in vitro, ascorbate at pharmacological levels enhanced the anti-proliferative activity of Dp44mT and Emodin. CONCLUSIONS AND GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Ascorbate-driven redox cycling of Dp44mT and Emodin promotes their anti-proliferative activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Yu Selyutina
- Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Institutskaya St., 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry, Kutateladze St., 18, 630128 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - P A Kononova
- Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Institutskaya St., 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - V E Koshman
- Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Institutskaya St., 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - E A Shelepova
- Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Institutskaya St., 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - M Gholam Azad
- Centre for Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - R Afroz
- Centre for Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - M Dharmasivam
- Centre for Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - P V Bernhardt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - N E Polyakov
- Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Institutskaya St., 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry, Kutateladze St., 18, 630128 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - D R Richardson
- Centre for Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia; Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Gautam CK, Tsai HH, Schmidt W. IRONMAN tunes responses to iron deficiency in concert with environmental pH. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:1728-1745. [PMID: 34618058 PMCID: PMC8566206 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is an essential mineral element that governs the composition of natural plant communities and limits crop yield in agricultural ecosystems due to its extremely low availability in most soils, particularly at alkaline pH. To extract sufficient Fe from the soil under such conditions, some plants, including Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), secrete Fe-mobilizing phenylpropanoids, which mobilize sparingly soluble Fe hydroxides by reduction and chelation. We show here that ectopic expression of the peptides IRONMAN (IMA1) and IMA2 improves growth on calcareous soil by inducing biosynthesis and secretion of the catecholic coumarin 7,8-dihydroxy-6-methoxycoumarin (fraxetin) via increased expression of MYB72 and SCOPOLETIN 8-HYDROXYLASE, a response that is strictly dependent on elevated environmental pH (pHe). By contrast, transcription of the cytochrome P450 family protein CYP82C4, catalyzing the subsequent hydroxylation of fraxetin to sideretin, which forms less stable complexes with iron, was strongly repressed under such conditions. We concluded that IMA peptides regulate processes supporting Fe uptake at both acidic and elevated pH by controlling gene expression upstream of or in concert with a putative pHe signal, adapting the plant to prevailing edaphic conditions. This regulatory pattern confers tolerance to calcareous soils by extending the pH range in which Fe can be efficiently absorbed from the soil. Our results further suggest that pHe calibrates the activities of components of the Fe deficiency response, accentuating processes that are most efficient under the prevailing conditions. Altering the expression of IMA peptides provides a route for generating plants adapted to calcareous soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Kumar Gautam
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and National Chung-Hsing University, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Hsuan Tsai
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Wolfgang Schmidt
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and National Chung-Hsing University, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Peng JS, Zhang BC, Chen H, Wang MQ, Wang YT, Li HM, Cao SX, Yi HY, Wang H, Zhou YH, Gong JM. Galactosylation of rhamnogalacturonan-II for cell wall pectin biosynthesis is critical for root apoplastic iron reallocation in Arabidopsis. MOLECULAR PLANT 2021; 14:1640-1651. [PMID: 34171482 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2021.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Apoplastic iron (Fe) in roots represents an essential Fe storage pool. Reallocation of apoplastic Fe is of great importance to plants experiencing Fe deprivation, but how this reallocation process is regulated remains elusive, likely because of the highly complex cell wall structure and the limited knowledge about cell wall biosynthesis and modulation. Here, we present genetic and biochemical evidence to demonstrate that the Cdi-mediated galactosylation of rhamnogalacturonan-II (RG-II) is required for apoplastic Fe reallocation. Cdi is expressed in roots and up-regulated in response to Fe deficiency. It encodes a putative glycosyltransferase localized to the Golgi apparatus. Biochemical and mass spectrometry assays showed that Cdi catalyzes the transfer of GDP-L-galactose to the terminus of side chain A on RG-II. Disruption of Cdi essentially decreased RG-II dimerization and hence disrupted cell wall formation, as well as the reallocation of apoplastic Fe from roots to shoots. Further transcriptomic, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Fe desorption kinetic analyses coincidently suggested that Cdi mediates apoplastic Fe reallocation through extensive modulation of cell wall components and consequently the Fe adsorption capacity of the cell wall. Our study provides direct evidence demonstrating a link between cell wall biosynthesis and apoplastic Fe reallocation, thus indicating that the structure of the cell wall is important for efficient usage of the cell wall Fe pool.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Shi Peng
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Economic Crops Genetic Improvement and Integrated Utilization, School of Life Science, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Bao-Cai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hao Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Meng-Qi Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ya-Ting Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Hong-Mei Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shao-Xue Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong-Ying Yi
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yi-Hua Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Ji-Ming Gong
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Clemens S. (Not) an elementary question: How to mobilize the iron in the wall? MOLECULAR PLANT 2021; 14:1610-1611. [PMID: 34400335 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2021.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Clemens
- Department of Plant Physiology and Faculty of Life Sciences: Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Hoang MTT, Almeida D, Chay S, Alcon C, Corratge-Faillie C, Curie C, Mari S. AtDTX25, a member of the multidrug and toxic compound extrusion family, is a vacuolar ascorbate transporter that controls intracellular iron cycling in Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 231:1956-1967. [PMID: 34080200 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is an essential element, its transport is regulated by the cell redox balance. In seeds, Fe enters the embryo as Fe2+ and is stored in vacuoles as Fe3+ . Through its ferric reduction activity, ascorbate plays a major role in Fe redox state and therefore Fe transport within the seed. We searched for ascorbate membrane transporters responsible for controlling Fe reduction by screening the yeast ferric reductase-deficient fre1 strain and isolated AtDTX25, a member of the Multidrug And Toxic compound Extrusion (MATE) family. AtDTX25 was shown to mediate ascorbate efflux when expressed in yeast and Xenopus oocytes, in a pH-dependent manner. In planta, AtDTX25 is highly expressed during germination and encodes a vacuolar membrane protein. Isolated vacuoles from AtDTX25-1 knockout mutant contained less ascorbate and more Fe than wild-type (WT), and mutant seedlings were highly sensitive to Fe deficiency. Iron imaging further showed that the remobilisation of Fe from vacuoles was highly impaired in mutant seedlings. Taken together, our results established AtDTX25 as a vacuolar ascorbate transporter, required during germination to promote the reduction of the pool of stored Fe3+ and its remobilisation to feed the developing seedling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minh Thi Thanh Hoang
- BPMP, Université Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, F-34060, France
| | - Diego Almeida
- BPMP, Université Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, F-34060, France
| | - Sandrine Chay
- BPMP, Université Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, F-34060, France
| | - Carine Alcon
- BPMP, Université Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, F-34060, France
| | | | - Catherine Curie
- BPMP, Université Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, F-34060, France
| | - Stephane Mari
- BPMP, Université Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, F-34060, France
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Shen N, Hou S, Tu G, Lan W, Jing Y. Transcription Factor WRKY33 Mediates the Phosphate Deficiency-Induced Remodeling of Root Architecture by Modulating Iron Homeostasis in Arabidopsis Roots. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179275. [PMID: 34502184 PMCID: PMC8431420 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The remodeling of root architecture is regarded as a major development to improve the plant's adaptivity to phosphate (Pi)-deficient conditions. The WRKY transcription factors family has been reported to regulate the Pi-deficiency-induced systemic responses by affecting Pi absorption or transportation. Whether these transcription factors act as a regulator to mediate the Pi-deficiency-induced remodeling of root architecture, a typical local response, is still unclear. Here, we identified an Arabidopsis transcription factor, WRKY33, that acted as a negative regulator to mediate the Pi-deficiency-induced remodeling of root architecture. The disruption of WRKY33 in wrky33-2 mutant increased the plant's low Pi sensitivity by further inhibiting the primary root growth and promoting the formation of root hair. Furthermore, we revealed that WRKY33 negatively regulated the remodeling of root architecture by controlling the transcriptional expression of ALMT1 under Pi-deficient conditions, which further mediated the Fe3+ accumulation in root tips to inhibit the root growth. In conclusion, this study demonstrates a previously unrecognized signaling crosstalk between WRKY33 and the ALMT1-mediated malate transport system to regulate the Pi deficiency responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuo Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; (N.S.); (S.H.); (G.T.)
| | - Sifan Hou
- State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; (N.S.); (S.H.); (G.T.)
| | - Guoqing Tu
- State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; (N.S.); (S.H.); (G.T.)
| | - Wenzhi Lan
- State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; (N.S.); (S.H.); (G.T.)
- Correspondence: (W.L.); (Y.J.); Tel.: + 025-89681357 (W.L.)
| | - Yanping Jing
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
- Correspondence: (W.L.); (Y.J.); Tel.: + 025-89681357 (W.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Afzal S, Sharma D, Singh NK. Eco-friendly synthesis of phytochemical-capped iron oxide nanoparticles as nano-priming agent for boosting seed germination in rice (Oryza sativa L.). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:40275-40287. [PMID: 33447981 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12056-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Recently the applications of engineered nanoparticles in the agricultural sector is increased as nano-pesticides, nano-fertilizers, nanocarrier for macro- or micronutrients, nano-sensors, etc. In this study, biocompatible iron oxide nanoparticles (FeO NPs) have been synthesized through an environment-friendly route using Cassia occidentalis L. flower extract to act as nano-priming agent for promoting germination of Pusa basmati rice seeds. Different characterization methods, viz. X-ray diffraction, particle size analyser, zeta potential and scanning electron microscopy, were used to show efficacious synthesis of FeO NPs capped with phytochemicals. Rice seeds primed with FeO NPs at 20 and 40 mg/L efficiently enhanced germination and seedling vigour compared to ferrous sulphate (FeSO4) priming and hydro-primed control. The seeds primed with 20 mg/L FeO NPs showed up to 50% stimulation in biophysical parameters such as root length and dry weight. Substantial stimulation of sugar and amylase content was also reported at the same concentration. The antioxidant enzyme activity was significantly increased as compared to FeSO4 priming and control. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) study was also done for analysis of Fe, Zn, K, Ca, and Mn concentration in seeds. The seed priming technique signifies a comprehensible and innovative approach that could enhance α-amylase activity, iron acquisition, and ROS production, ensuing elevated soluble sugar levels for supporting seedling growth and enhancing seed germination rate, respectively. In this report, phytochemical-capped FeO NPs are presented as a capable nano-priming agent for stimulating the germination of naturally aged rice seeds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shadma Afzal
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211004, India
| | - Deepa Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211004, India
| | - Nand K Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211004, India.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Sharma D, Afzal S, Singh NK. Nanopriming with phytosynthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles for promoting germination and starch metabolism in rice seeds. J Biotechnol 2021; 336:64-75. [PMID: 34116127 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The application of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in agricultural field is emerging and relatively new. In this work, a simple, cost-efficient, non-toxic and eco-friendly method for the green synthesis of ZnO NPs by Senna occidentalis leaf extract has been described. Techniques used to characterize nanoparticles (NPs) were X-ray diffractometer (XRD), UV visible spectroscopy, Particle size analyzer (PSA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In this study, green synthesized ZnO NPs at 20-40 mg/l solution was used to prime aged seeds of early flowering homozygous mutant (BM6) of Pusa basmati (Oryza sativa), which enhanced germination performance and seedling vigor significantly as compared to zinc sulphate (ZnSO4) priming and conventional hydropriming. The effect of treatment was analyzed by measuring biophysical and biochemical parameter of germinating rice seeds. The seeds treated with ZnO NPs of 20 mg/l concentration showed more than 50 % stimulation in dry weight, relative water uptake of seeds and radicle length of seedling in comparison to other priming solution and control (hydro-primed). Significant growth was also observed in plumule length and fresh weight of seeds in ZnO NPs at 20 mg/l concentration in comparison to control and other priming treatments. At the same concentration of ZnO NPs, there was 23 % stimulation reported in total soluble sugar content and 45 % stimulation in amylase activity. There was also a substantial increase in antioxidant enzymes i.e. superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity. Seed priming represents an innovative user-friendly approach to enhance the germination rate, starch metabolic process and triggered zinc acquisition of rice aged seed as an alternative to the conventional priming method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211004, India
| | - Shadma Afzal
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211004, India
| | - Nand K Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211004, India.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Guha T, Gopal G, Das H, Mukherjee A, Kundu R. Nanopriming with zero-valent iron synthesized using pomegranate peel waste: A "green" approach for yield enhancement in Oryza sativa L. cv. Gonindobhog. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 163:261-275. [PMID: 33872831 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Nanopriming is a combination of nanoparticle treatment and a seed dressing technique that can increase seed quality, seedling vigour, yield and also imparts tolerance against biotic and abiotic stress. Here, nano-scale zero-valent iron (G-nZVI) was synthesized using fruit peel waste of Punica granatum L and their formation was validated from XRD and optical spectroscopic techniques. Later, the seeds were primed with G-nZVI at six different concentrations (0, 10, 20, 40, 80, and 160 mg L -1) to determine the dose which is optimum for increasing germination percentage and seedling vigour of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Gobindobhog). According to initial results, upon priming seeds with 40-80 mg L -1 G-nZVI highest growth rate was found. The early growth enhancement of seedlings was chiefly attributed to increased ROS generation, higher hydrolytic enzyme activities, and increased iron uptake in germinating seeds upon nanopriming. The effects of nanopriming were carried over to later stages of development. A field experiment was carried out where nanoprimed seeds and traditional hydroprimed control seeds were sown in plots and grown till maturity without the aid of any conventional fertilizers and pesticides and it was found that crop yield and grain nutrient concentrations were higher in nanoprimed sets. Compared to control hydroprimed sets, 1.53 folds higher crop yield was observed upon seed priming with 80 mg L -1 G-nZVI. Thus in the future, G-nZVI can be considered to be a novel low-cost, eco-friendly, food waste-derived seed treatment agent that has immense potential in increasing rice yield.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Titir Guha
- Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, Calcutta University, 35, Ballygange Circular Road, Kolkata-19, India
| | - Geetha Gopal
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632 014, India
| | - Hrimeeka Das
- Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, Calcutta University, 35, Ballygange Circular Road, Kolkata-19, India
| | - Amitava Mukherjee
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632 014, India.
| | - Rita Kundu
- Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, Calcutta University, 35, Ballygange Circular Road, Kolkata-19, India.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Fais G, Malavasi V, Scano P, Soru S, Caboni P, Cao G. Metabolomics and lipid profile analysis of Coccomyxa melkonianii SCCA 048. Extremophiles 2021; 25:357-368. [PMID: 34057605 PMCID: PMC8254698 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-021-01234-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
With an unsupervised GC-MS metabolomics approach, polar metabolite changes of the microalgae Coccomyxa melkonianii SCCA 048 grown under standard conditions for seven weeks were studied. C. melkonianii was sampled at the Rio Irvi River, in the mining site of Montevecchio-Ingurtosu (Sardinia, Italy), which is severely contaminated by heavy metals and shows high concentrations of sulfates. The partial-least-square (PLS) analysis of the GC-MS data indicated that growth of C. melkonianii was characterized by an increase of the levels of threonic acid, myo-inositol, malic acid, and fumaric acid. Furthermore, at the sixth week of exponential phase the lipid fingerprint of C. melkonianii was studied by LC-QTOF-MS. C. melkonianii lipid extract characterized through an iterative MS/MS analysis showed the following percent levels: 61.34 ± 0.60% for triacylglycerols (TAG); 11.55 ± 0.09% for diacylglyceryltrimethyl homoserines (DGTS), 11.34 ± 0.10% for sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerols (SQDG) and, 5.29 ± 0.04% for lysodiacylglyceryltrimethyl homoserines (LDGTS). Noteworthy, we were able to annotate different fatty acid ester of hydroxyl fatty acid, such as FAHFA (18:1_20:3), FAHFA (18:2_20:4), FAHFA (18:0_20:2), and FAHFA (18:1_18:0), with relevant biological activity. These approaches can be useful to study the biochemistry of this extremophile algae in the view of its potential exploitation in the phycoremediation of polluted mining areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Fais
- Interdepartmental Centre of Environmental Science and Engineering (CINSA), University of Cagliari, via San Giorgio 12, 09124, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Veronica Malavasi
- Interdepartmental Centre of Environmental Science and Engineering (CINSA), University of Cagliari, via San Giorgio 12, 09124, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Paola Scano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09124, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Santina Soru
- Interdepartmental Centre of Environmental Science and Engineering (CINSA), University of Cagliari, via San Giorgio 12, 09124, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Caboni
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09124, Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Giacomo Cao
- Interdepartmental Centre of Environmental Science and Engineering (CINSA), University of Cagliari, via San Giorgio 12, 09124, Cagliari, Italy.,Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, piazza d'Armi, 09123, Cagliari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Chen Z, Cao XL, Niu JP. Effects of exogenous ascorbic acid on seed germination and seedling salt-tolerance of alfalfa. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250926. [PMID: 33914821 PMCID: PMC8084155 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is an important legume crop for forage, agriculture, and environment in the world. Ascorbic acid (AsA) plays positive roles in plants. However, its effects on germination and salt-tolerance of alfalfa are unknown. The effects of AsA applications on seed germination and seedling salt-tolerance of alfalfa were investigated. The results revealed that 0.1 and 1 mmol L-1 of exogenous AsA increased germination, amylase, and protease, as well as seedling length, fresh weight (FW), dry weight (DW), and endogenous AsA both in the shoots and roots, except that 1 mmol L-1 AsA reduced the activities of α-amylase, β-amylase and protease on day 3. However, 10 and 100 mmol L-1 AsA inhibited these parameters and even caused serious rot. It indicates that 0.1 mmol L-1 AsA has the optimal effects, whereas 100 mmol L-1 AsA has the worst impacts. Another part of the results showed that 0.1 mmol L-1 AsA not only enhanced stem elongation, FW and DW, but also increased chlorophyll and carotenoids both under non-stress and 150 mmol L-1 NaCl stress. Furthermore, 0.1 mmol L-1 AsA mitigated the damages of membrane permeability, malondialdehyde, and excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ions both in the shoots and roots under 150 mmol L-1 NaCl stress. Hence, 0.1 mmol L-1 AsA improves growth and induces salt-tolerance by inhibiting excessive ROS, down-regulating the ion toxicity and up-regulating the antioxidant system. The principal component analysis included two main components both in the shoots and roots, and it explained the results well. In summary, the optimum concentration of 0.1 mmol L-1 AsA can be implemented to improve the seed germination and seedling growth of alfalfa under salt stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Chen
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling China
| | - Xin-long Cao
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling China
| | - Jun-peng Niu
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Bashir K, Ahmad Z, Kobayashi T, Seki M, Nishizawa NK. Roles of subcellular metal homeostasis in crop improvement. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:2083-2098. [PMID: 33502492 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Improvement of crop production in response to rapidly changing environmental conditions is a serious challenge facing plant breeders and biotechnologists. Iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and copper (Cu) are essential micronutrients for plant growth and reproduction. These minerals are critical to several cellular processes including metabolism, photosynthesis, and cellular respiration. Regulating the uptake and distribution of these minerals could significantly improve plant growth and development, ultimately leading to increased crop production. Plant growth is limited by mineral deficiency, but on the other hand, excess Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn can be toxic to plants; therefore, their uptake and distribution must be strictly regulated. Moreover, the distribution of these metals among subcellular organelles is extremely important for maintaining optimal cellular metabolism. Understanding the mechanisms controlling subcellular metal distribution and availability would enable development of crop plants that are better adapted to challenging and rapidly changing environmental conditions. Here, we describe advances in understanding of subcellular metal homeostasis, with a particular emphasis on cellular Fe homeostasis in Arabidopsis and rice, and discuss strategies for regulating cellular metabolism to improve plant production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khurram Bashir
- Department of Biology, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore, Pakistan
- Plant Genomics Network Research Team, Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Suehiro, Tsurumi Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Zarnab Ahmad
- Plant Genomics Network Research Team, Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Suehiro, Tsurumi Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takanori Kobayashi
- Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Motoaki Seki
- Plant Genomics Network Research Team, Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Suehiro, Tsurumi Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
- Plant Epigenome Regulation Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Naoko K Nishizawa
- Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi, Ishikawa, Japan
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Robinson GHJ, Domoney C. Perspectives on the genetic improvement of health- and nutrition-related traits in pea. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 158:353-362. [PMID: 33250319 PMCID: PMC7801860 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is a widely grown pulse crop that is a source of protein, starch and micronutrients in both human diets and livestock feeds. There is currently a strong global focus on making agriculture and food production systems more sustainable, and pea has one of the smallest carbon footprints of all crops. Multiple genetic loci have been identified that influence pea seed protein content, but protein composition is also important nutritionally. Studies have previously identified gene families encoding individual seed protein classes, now documented in a reference pea genome assembly. Much is also known about loci affecting starch metabolism in pea, with research especially focusing on improving concentrations of resistant starch, which has a positive effect on maintaining blood glucose homeostasis. Diversity in natural germplasm for micronutrient concentrations and mineral hyperaccumulation mutants have been discovered, with quantitative trait loci on multiple linkage groups identified for seed micronutrient concentrations. Antinutrients, which affect nutrient bioavailability, must also be considered; mutants in which the concentrations of important antinutrients including phytate and trypsin inhibitors are reduced have already been discovered. Current knowledge on the genetics of nutritional traits in pea will greatly assist with crop improvement for specific end uses, and further identification of genes involved will help advance our knowledge of the control of the synthesis of seed compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel H J Robinson
- Department of Metabolic Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Domoney
- Department of Metabolic Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Marastoni L, Lucini L, Miras-Moreno B, Trevisan M, Sega D, Zamboni A, Varanini Z. Changes in physiological activities and root exudation profile of two grapevine rootstocks reveal common and specific strategies for Fe acquisition. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18839. [PMID: 33139754 PMCID: PMC7606434 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75317-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In several cultivation areas, grapevine can suffer from Fe chlorosis due to the calcareous and alkaline nature of soils. This plant species has been described to cope with Fe deficiency by activating Strategy I mechanisms, hence increasing root H+ extrusion and ferric-chelate reductase activity. The degree of tolerance exhibited by the rootstocks has been reported to depend on both reactions, but to date, little emphasis has been given to the role played by root exudate extrusion. We studied the behaviour of two hydroponically-grown, tolerant grapevine rootstocks (Ramsey and 140R) in response to Fe deficiency. Under these experimental conditions, the two varieties displayed differences in their ability to modulate morpho-physiological parameters, root acidification and ferric chelate reductase activity. The metabolic profiling of root exudates revealed common strategies for Fe acquisition, including ones targeted at reducing microbial competition for this micronutrient by limiting the exudation of amino acids and sugars and increasing instead that of Fe(III)-reducing compounds. Other modifications in exudate composition hint that the two rootstocks cope with Fe shortage via specific adjustments of their exudation patterns. Furthermore, the presence of 3-hydroxymugenic acid in these compounds suggests that the responses of grapevine to Fe availability are rather diverse and much more complex than those usually described for Strategy I plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Marastoni
- Biotechnology Department, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Luigi Lucini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, University Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Begoña Miras-Moreno
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, University Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Marco Trevisan
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, University Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Davide Sega
- Biotechnology Department, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Anita Zamboni
- Biotechnology Department, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - Zeno Varanini
- Biotechnology Department, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Bae DH, Gholam Azad M, Kalinowski DS, Lane DJR, Jansson PJ, Richardson DR. Ascorbate and Tumor Cell Iron Metabolism: The Evolving Story and Its Link to Pathology. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:816-838. [PMID: 31672021 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Vitamin C or ascorbate (Asc) is a water-soluble vitamin and an antioxidant that is involved in many crucial biological functions. Asc's ability to reduce metals makes it an essential enzyme cofactor. Recent Advances: The ability of Asc to act as a reductant also plays an important part in its overall role in iron metabolism, where Asc induces both nontransferrin-bound iron and transferrin-bound iron uptake at physiological concentrations (∼50 μM). Moreover, Asc has emerged to play an important role in multiple diseases and its effects at pharmacological doses could be important for their treatment. Critical Issues: Asc's role as a regulator of cellular iron metabolism, along with its cytotoxic effects and different roles at pharmacological concentrations, makes it a candidate as an anticancer agent. Ever since the controversy regarding the studies from the Mayo Clinic was finally explained, there has been a renewed interest in using Asc as a therapeutic approach toward cancer due to its minimal side effects. Numerous studies have been able to demonstrate the anticancer activity of Asc through selective oxidative stress toward cancer cells via H2O2 generation at pharmacological concentrations. Studies have demonstrated that Asc's cytotoxic mechanism at concentrations (>1 mM) has been associated with decreased cellular iron uptake. Future Directions: Recent studies have also suggested other mechanisms, such as Asc's effects on autophagy, polyamine metabolism, and the cell cycle. Clearly, more has yet to be discovered about Asc's mechanism of action to facilitate safe and effective treatment options for cancer and other diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hun Bae
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mahan Gholam Azad
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Danuta S Kalinowski
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Darius J R Lane
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Dementia Research Centre, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Patric J Jansson
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Des R Richardson
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Zheng T, Wang M, Zhan J, Sun W, Yang Q, Lin Z, Bu T, Tang Z, Li C, Yan J, Shan Z, Chen H. Ferrous iron-induced increases in capitate glandular trichome density and upregulation of CbHO-1 contributes to increases in blinin content in Conyza blinii. PLANTA 2020; 252:81. [PMID: 33037484 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03492-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ferrous iron can promote the development of glandular trichomes and increase the content of blinin, which depends on CbHO-1 expression. Conyza blinii (C. blinii) is a unique Chinese herbal medicine that grows in Sichuan Province, China. Because the habitat of C. blinii is an iron ore mining area with abundant iron content, this species can be used as one of the best materials to study the mechanism of plant tolerance to iron. In this study, C. blinii was treated with ferrous-EDTA solutions at different concentrations, and it was found that the tolerance value of C. blinii to iron was 200 μM. Under this concentration, the plant height, root length, biomass, and iron content of C. blinii increased to the maximum values, and the effect was dependent on the upregulated expression of CbHO-1. At the same time, under ferrous iron, the photosynthetic capacity and capitate glandular trichome density of C. blinii also significantly increased, providing precursors and sites for the synthesis of blinin, thus significantly increasing the content of blinin. These processes were also dependent on the high expression of CbHO-1. Correlation analysis showed that there were strong positive correlations between iron content, capitate glandular trichome density, CbHO-1 gene expression, and blinin content. This study explored the effects of ferrous iron on the physiology and biochemistry of C. blinii, greatly improving our understanding of the mechanism of iron tolerance in C. blinii.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianrun Zheng
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Maojia Wang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Junyi Zhan
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Wenjun Sun
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Qin Yang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Zhiyi Lin
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Tongliang Bu
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Zizhong Tang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Chenglei Li
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture Rural Affairs, School of Food and Bioengineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhi Shan
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Chikoti YF, Duangkhet M, Chungopast S, Tajima S, Ma JF, Nomura M. Effect of ferritin on nitrogen fixation in Lotus japonicus nodules under various iron concentrations. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 252:153247. [PMID: 32768683 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2020.153247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the nitrogen fixation process, iron plays a vital role by being part of many symbiotic proteins, such as nitrogenase and leghemoglobin, in an active symbiosis. Excess or insufficient iron in active nitrogen fixation negatively affects the entire process. In Lotus japonicus nodules, ferritin is expressed at the initial stages of nodule development and increases at the nodule senescence stage to mobilize iron release during that stage. In this study, we investigated the effects of overexpressing and suppressing ferritin on nitrogen fixation. Acetylene reduction activity revealed that nitrogen fixation is affected by the overexpression of ferritin at high iron concentrations, but at low iron concentrations, higher nitrogen fixation was observed in ferritin-suppressed plants. qRT-PCR data indicated that suppression of ferritin in nodules induces antioxidant genes, such as superoxide dismutase, dehydroascorbate reductase and ascorbate peroxidase, to detoxify reactive oxygen species. Our data suggest that suppressing ferritin in the nodules is effective for higher nitrogen fixation under iron deficient conditions. Overaccumulated ferritin in nodule is effective under the higher iron conditions, such as senescence state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mallika Duangkhet
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
| | - Sirinapa Chungopast
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan; Faculty of Agriculture Kamphaeng-saen, Kasetsart University Kamphaeng-saen Campus, Nakorn Pathom, 73140, Thailand
| | - Shigeyuki Tajima
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
| | - Jian Feng Ma
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki 710-0046, Japan
| | - Mika Nomura
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Alchoubassi G, Kińska K, Bierla K, Lobinski R, Szpunar J. Speciation of essential nutrient trace elements in coconut water. Food Chem 2020; 339:127680. [PMID: 32860999 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Coconut water (Cocos Nucifera) is shown to be a source of essential elements present in the form of low-molecular weight stable complexes known for their bio-availability. The total element concentrations were in the range of 0.2-2.7, 0.3-1, 3-14 and 0.5-2 ppm for Fe, Cu, Mn, and Zn, respectively, and varied as a function of the origin of the nut and its maturity. Speciation was investigated by size-exclusion chromatography - inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS), and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) - electrospray-OrbitrapMS. The metal species identified included: iron complexes with citrate and malate: FeIII(Cit)3(Mal), FeIII(Cit)2(Mal)2, FeIII(Mal)2, glutamine: FeIII(Glu)2 and nicotianamine: FeII(NA); copper complexes with phenylanine: CuII(Phe)2 and CuII(Phe)3 and nicotianamine: CuII(NA); zinc complexes with citrate: ZnII(Cit)2 and nicotianamine ZnII(NA) and manganese complex with asparagine MnII(Asp)2. The contributions of the individual species to the total elements concentrations could be estimated by HILIC - ICP MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghaya Alchoubassi
- Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM UMR 5254, Hélioparc, 64053 Pau, France
| | - Katarzyna Kińska
- Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM UMR 5254, Hélioparc, 64053 Pau, France.
| | - Katarzyna Bierla
- Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM UMR 5254, Hélioparc, 64053 Pau, France.
| | - Ryszard Lobinski
- Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM UMR 5254, Hélioparc, 64053 Pau, France; IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119146 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Joanna Szpunar
- Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM UMR 5254, Hélioparc, 64053 Pau, France.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Dey S, Regon P, Kar S, Panda SK. Chelators of iron and their role in plant's iron management. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 26:1541-1549. [PMID: 32801485 PMCID: PMC7415063 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-020-00841-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Proper transport of metal and their homeostasis is very crucial for the growth and development of plants. Plants root are the primary organs which comes in contact with the stress and thus few modifications occurs, often determining the nutrient efficiency or sometimes as a stress tolerance mechanism. Plant utilizes two strategies for the uptake of iron viz, strategy I-reduction based and strategy II-chelation based. In this review we attempted for a better understanding of how the chelators acts in the mechanism of iron uptake from soils to plants and how iron is distributed in the plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sangita Dey
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, 788011 India
| | - Preetom Regon
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, 788011 India
| | - Saradia Kar
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, 788011 India
| | - Sanjib Kumar Panda
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, 788011 India
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan 305817 India
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Trying to Solve the Puzzle of the Interaction of Ascorbic Acid and Iron: Redox, Chelation and Therapeutic Implications. MEDICINES 2020; 7:medicines7080045. [PMID: 32751493 PMCID: PMC7460366 DOI: 10.3390/medicines7080045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Iron and ascorbic acid (vitamin C) are essential nutrients for the normal growth and development of humans, and their deficiency can result in serious diseases. Their interaction is of nutritional, physiological, pharmacological and toxicological interest, with major implications in health and disease. Millions of people are using pharmaceutical and nutraceutical preparations of these two nutrients, including ferrous ascorbate for the treatment of iron deficiency anaemia and ascorbate combination with deferoxamine for increasing iron excretion in iron overload. The main function and use of vitamin C is its antioxidant activity against reactive oxygen species, which are implicated in many diseases of free radical pathology, including biomolecular-, cellular- and tissue damage-related diseases, as well as cancer and ageing. Ascorbic acid and its metabolites, including the ascorbate anion and oxalate, have metal binding capacity and bind iron, copper and other metals. The biological roles of ascorbate as a vitamin are affected by metal complexation, in particular following binding with iron and copper. Ascorbate forms a complex with Fe3+ followed by reduction to Fe2+, which may potentiate free radical production. The biological and clinical activities of iron, ascorbate and the ascorbate–iron complex can also be affected by many nutrients and pharmaceutical preparations. Optimal therapeutic strategies of improved efficacy and lower toxicity could be designed for the use of ascorbate, iron and the iron–ascorbate complex in different clinical conditions based on their absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, toxicity (ADMET), pharmacokinetic, redox and other properties. Similar strategies could also be designed in relation to their interactions with food components and pharmaceuticals, as well as in relation to other aspects concerning personalized medicine.
Collapse
|
49
|
Oliveira de Araujo T, Isaure MP, Alchoubassi G, Bierla K, Szpunar J, Trcera N, Chay S, Alcon C, Campos da Silva L, Curie C, Mari S. Paspalum urvillei and Setaria parviflora, two grasses naturally adapted to extreme iron-rich environments. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 151:144-156. [PMID: 32220787 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Paspalum urvillei and Setaria parviflora are two plant species naturally adapted to iron-rich environments such as around iron mines wastes. The aim of our work was to characterize how these two species cope with these extreme conditions by comparing them with related model species, Oryza sativa and Setaria viridis, that appeared to be much less tolerant to Fe excess. Both Paspalum urvillei and Setaria parviflora were able to limit the amount of Fe accumulated within roots and shoots, compared to the less tolerant species. Perls/DAB staining of Fe in root cross sections indicated that Paspalum urvillei and Setaria parviflora responded through the build-up of the iron plaque (IP), suggesting a role of this structure in the limitation of Fe uptake. Synchrotron μXRF analyses showed the presence of phosphorus, calcium, silicon and sulfur on IP of Paspalum urvillei roots and μXANES analyses identified Fe oxyhydroxide (ferrihydrite) as the main Fe form. Once within roots, high concentrations of Fe were localized in the cell walls and vacuoles of Paspalum urvillei, Setaria parviflora and O. sativa whereas Setaria viridis accumulated Fe in ferritins. The Fe forms translocated to the shoots of Setaria parviflora were identified as tri-iron complexes with citrate and malate. In leaves, all species accumulated Fe in the vacuoles of bundle sheath cells and as ferritin complexes in plastids. Taken together, our results strongly suggest that Paspalum urvillei and Setaria parviflora set up mechanisms of Fe exclusion in roots and shoots to limit the toxicity induced by Fe excess.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Talita Oliveira de Araujo
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Laboratório de Anatomia Vegetal, Viçosa, 36570-900, Brazil; BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Isaure
- Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM UMR 5254, Hélioparc, 64053 Pau, France
| | - Ghaya Alchoubassi
- Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM UMR 5254, Hélioparc, 64053 Pau, France
| | - Katarzyna Bierla
- Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM UMR 5254, Hélioparc, 64053 Pau, France
| | - Joanna Szpunar
- Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM UMR 5254, Hélioparc, 64053 Pau, France
| | - Nicolas Trcera
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, l'Orme des Merisiers Saint Aubin BP48, 91192, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Sandrine Chay
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Carine Alcon
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Catherine Curie
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Stephane Mari
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Kaya C, Ashraf M, Alyemeni MN, Ahmad P. Nitrate reductase rather than nitric oxide synthase activity is involved in 24-epibrassinolide-induced nitric oxide synthesis to improve tolerance to iron deficiency in strawberry (Fragaria × annassa) by up-regulating the ascorbate-glutathione cycle. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 151:486-499. [PMID: 32302942 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Involvement of nitrate reductase (NR) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-like enzyme in 24-epibrassinolide (EB)-triggered nitric oxide (NO) synthesis to improve iron deficiency (ID) tolerance in strawberry plants was studied. EB was sprayed to strawberry plants every two days for two weeks. Then, the EB-treated plants were pre-treated with inhibitors of NR, tungstate, or NOS, L-NAME for 3 h. During the first three weeks, Fe was supplied as 100 μM EDTA-Fe or FeSO4 to Fe-sufficient or Fe-deficient plants, respectively. Thereafter, plants were subjected for further three weeks to control (100 μM EDTA-Fe) and Fe deficiency (ID; without Fe). ID reduced biomass, chlorophyll, and chlorophyll fluorescence, while increased oxidative stress parameters, ascorbate (AsA), glutathione (GSH), endogenous NO, and the activities of NR, NOS, and antioxidant enzymes. Pre-treatments with EB and EB + SNP improved ID tolerance of strawberry by improving leaf Fe2+, plant growth, and antioxidant enzyme activities, and causing a further elevation in AsA, GSH, NO, NR and NOS. L-NAME application reversed NOS activity, but it did not eliminate NO, however, tungstate application reversed both NR activity and NO synthesis in plants exposed to ID + EB, suggesting that NR is the main contributor of EB-induced NO synthesis to improve ID tolerance in strawberry plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cengiz Kaya
- Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Department, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | | | - Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saudi University, P. O. Box. 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saudi University, P. O. Box. 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Department of Botany, S.P. College, Srinagar, 190001, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
| |
Collapse
|