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Moawad MHED, Serag I, Alkhawaldeh IM, Abbas A, Sharaf A, Alsalah S, Sadeq MA, Shalaby MMM, Hefnawy MT, Abouzid M, Meshref M. Exploring the Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Alzheimer's Disease: An Educational Literature Review. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04468-y. [PMID: 39254911 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04468-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) presents a significant challenge to global health. It is characterized by progressive cognitive deterioration and increased rates of morbidity and mortality among older adults. Among the various pathophysiologies of AD, mitochondrial dysfunction, encompassing conditions such as increased reactive oxygen production, dysregulated calcium homeostasis, and impaired mitochondrial dynamics, plays a pivotal role. This review comprehensively investigates the mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction in AD, focusing on aspects such as glucose metabolism impairment, mitochondrial bioenergetics, calcium signaling, protein tau and amyloid-beta-associated synapse dysfunction, mitophagy, aging, inflammation, mitochondrial DNA, mitochondria-localized microRNAs, genetics, hormones, and the electron transport chain and Krebs cycle. While lecanemab is the only FDA-approved medication to treat AD, we explore various therapeutic modalities for mitigating mitochondrial dysfunction in AD, including antioxidant drugs, antidiabetic agents, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (FDA-approved to manage symptoms), nutritional supplements, natural products, phenylpropanoids, vaccines, exercise, and other potential treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Hossam El Din Moawad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Clinical Department, Alexandria Main University Hospital, Alexandria, Egypt
- Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim Serag
- Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | | | - Abdallah Abbas
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Abdulrahman Sharaf
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Government Hospital, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Sumaya Alsalah
- Ministry of Health, Primary Care, Governmental Health Centers, Manama, Bahrain
| | | | | | | | - Mohamed Abouzid
- Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3 St., 60-806, Poznan, Poland.
- Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Mostafa Meshref
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Zhao Z, Song X, Wang Y, Yu L, Huang G, Li Y, Zong R, Liu T, Ji Q, Zheng Y, Liu B, Zhu Q, Chen L, Gao C, Liu H. E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM31 alleviates dopaminergic neurodegeneration by promoting proteasomal degradation of VDAC1 in Parkinson's Disease model. Cell Death Differ 2024:10.1038/s41418-024-01334-1. [PMID: 38918620 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-024-01334-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). As a mitochondrial governor, voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1) is critical for cell survival and death signals and implicated in neurodegenerative diseases. However, the mechanisms of VDAC1 regulation are poorly understood and the role of tripartite motif-containing protein 31 (TRIM31), an E3 ubiquitin ligase which is enriched in mitochondria, in PD remains unclear. In this study, we found that TRIM31-/- mice developed age associated motor defects and dopaminergic (DA) neurodegeneration spontaneously. In addition, TRIM31 was markedly reduced both in nigrostriatal region of PD mice induced by MPTP and in SH-SY5Y cells stimulated by MPP+. TRIM31 deficiency significantly aggravated DA neurotoxicity induced by MPTP. Mechanistically, TRIM31 interacted with VDAC1 and catalyzed the K48-linked polyubiquitination to degrade it through its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. In conclusion, we demonstrated for the first time that TRIM31 served as an important regulator in DA neuronal homeostasis by facilitating VDAC1 degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Our study identified TRIM31 as a novel potential therapeutic target and pharmaceutical intervention to the interaction between TRIM31 and VDAC1 may provide a promising strategy for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xiaomeng Song
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yimeng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Lu Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Gan Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yiquan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Runzhe Zong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Tengfei Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Qiuran Ji
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Bingyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Qingfen Zhu
- Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China.
| | - Chengjiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China.
| | - Huiqing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China.
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China.
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Zhou Z, Li W, Ni L, Wang T, Huang Y, Yu Y, Hu M, Liu Y, Wang J, Huang X, Wang Y. Icariin improves oxidative stress injury during ischemic stroke via inhibiting mPTP opening. Mol Med 2024; 30:77. [PMID: 38840035 PMCID: PMC11155182 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-024-00847-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic stroke presents a significant threat to human health due to its high disability rate and mortality. Currently, the clinical treatment drug, rt-PA, has a narrow therapeutic window and carries a high risk of bleeding. There is an urgent need to find new effective therapeutic drugs for ischemic stroke. Icariin (ICA), a key ingredient in the traditional Chinese medicine Epimedium, undergoes metabolism in vivo to produce Icaritin (ICT). While ICA has been reported to inhibit neuronal apoptosis after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R), yet its underlying mechanism remains unclear. METHODS PC-12 cells were treated with 200 µM H2O2 for 8 h to establish a vitro model of oxidative damage. After administration of ICT, cell viability was detected by Thiazolyl blue tetrazolium Bromide (MTT) assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis level, mPTP status and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were detected by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. Apoptosis and mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) related proteins were assessed by Western blotting. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was used to establish I/R injury in vivo. After the treatment of ICA, the neurological function was scored by ZeaLonga socres; the infarct volume was observed by 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining; HE and Nissl staining were used to detect the pathological state of the ischemic cortex; the expression changes of mPTP and apoptosis related proteins were detected by Western blotting. RESULTS In vitro: ICT effectively improved H2O2-induced oxidative injury through decreasing the ROS level, inhibiting mPTP opening and apoptosis. In addition, the protective effects of ICT were not enhanced when it was co-treated with mPTP inhibitor Cyclosporin A (CsA), but reversed when combined with mPTP activator Lonidamine (LND). In vivo: Rats after MCAO shown cortical infarct volume of 32-40%, severe neurological impairment, while mPTP opening and apoptosis were obviously increased. Those damage caused was improved by the administration of ICA and CsA. CONCLUSIONS ICA improves cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting mPTP opening, making it a potential candidate drug for the treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Zhou
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yichang, 443002, P. R. China
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, P. R. China
| | - Weili Li
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yichang, 443002, P. R. China
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, P. R. China
| | - Lu Ni
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yichang, 443002, P. R. China
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, P. R. China
| | - Tianlun Wang
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yichang, 443002, P. R. China
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, P. R. China
| | - Yan Huang
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yichang, 443002, P. R. China
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, P. R. China
| | - Yuanqi Yu
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yichang, 443002, P. R. China
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, P. R. China
| | - Mingxin Hu
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yichang, 443002, P. R. China
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, P. R. China
| | - Yinling Liu
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yichang, 443002, P. R. China
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, P. R. China
| | - Jin'e Wang
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yichang, 443002, P. R. China
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofei Huang
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yichang, 443002, P. R. China.
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, P. R. China.
| | - Yanyan Wang
- The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443000, P. R. China.
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Li Y, Yu C, Jiang X, Fu J, Sun N, Zhang D. The mechanistic view of non-coding RNAs as a regulator of inflammatory pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 258:155349. [PMID: 38772115 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to motor and non-motor symptoms. Emerging evidence suggests that inflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of PD, with the NLRP3 inflammasome implicated as a key mediator. Nfon-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), have recently garnered attention for their regulatory roles in various biological processes, including inflammation. This review aims to provide a mechanistic insight into how ncRNAs function as regulators of inflammatory pathways in PD, with a specific focus on the NLRP3 inflammasome. We discuss the dysregulation of miRNAs and lncRNAs in PD pathogenesis and their impact on neuroinflammation through modulation of NLRP3 activation, cytokine production, and microglial activation. Additionally, we explore the crosstalk between ncRNAs, alpha-synuclein pathology, and mitochondrial dysfunction, further elucidating the intricate network underlying PD-associated inflammation. Understanding the mechanistic roles of ncRNAs in regulating inflammatory pathways may offer novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of PD and provide insights into the broader implications of ncRNA-mediated regulation in neuroinflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu'an Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jilin Province FAW General Hospital, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Chunlei Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jilin Province FAW General Hospital, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Xiaobing Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jilin Province FAW General Hospital, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Jia Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jilin Province FAW General Hospital, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Ning Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jilin Province FAW General Hospital, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Daquan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jilin Province FAW General Hospital, Changchun 130000, China.
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Aaluri GR, Choudhary Y, Kumar S. Mitochondria-Associated MicroRNAs and Parkinson's Disease. Neurosci Insights 2024; 19:26331055241254846. [PMID: 38800624 PMCID: PMC11127579 DOI: 10.1177/26331055241254846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's Disease (PD) occurs as a result of the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons within the substantia nigra causing motor and non-motor symptoms and has become more prevalent within the last several decades. With mitochondria being essential to cellular survival, mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to the disease progression by increasing neuron loss through (1) insufficient ATP production and (2) reactive oxygen species generation. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small molecules located throughout cells that regulate gene expression, particularly mitochondrial function. Through their own dysregulation, miRNAs offset the delicate balance of mitochondrial function by altering or dysregulating the expression of proteins, increasing neuroinflammation, increasing retention of toxic substances, limiting the removal of reactive oxygen species, and preventing mitophagy. Improper mitochondrial function places cells at increased risk of apoptosis, a major concern in individuals with PD due to their reduced number of dopaminergic neurons. This article has identified the 17 most promising mitochondrial associated miRNAs within PD: hsa-miR-4639-5p, miR-376a, miR-205, miR-421, miR-34b/c, miR-150, miR-7, miR-132, miR-17-5p, miR-20a, miR-93, miR-106, miR-181, miR-193b, miR-128, miR-181a, and miR-124-3p. These miRNAs alter mitochondrial function and synaptic energy by impeding normal gene expression when up or downregulated. However, there is limited research regarding mitochondria-localized miRNAs that are typically seen in other diseases. Mitochondria-localized miRNA may have a greater impact on mitochondrial dysfunction due to their proximity. Further research is needed to determine the location of these miRNAs and to better understand their regulatory capabilities on mitochondrial and synaptic function within PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayatri Reddy Aaluri
- Center of Emphasis in Neuroscience, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L.
Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA
- School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Yashmit Choudhary
- Maxine L. Silva Health Magnet High School, 121 Val Verde St., El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Subodh Kumar
- Center of Emphasis in Neuroscience, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L.
Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA
- L. Frederick Francis Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA
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Traber GM, Yi C, Batra N, Tu MJ, Yu AM. Novel RNA molecular bioengineering technology efficiently produces functional miRNA agents. RNA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 30:680-694. [PMID: 38429100 PMCID: PMC11098458 DOI: 10.1261/rna.079904.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Genome-derived microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) govern posttranscriptional gene regulation and play important roles in various cellular processes and disease progression. While chemo-engineered miRNA mimics or biosimilars made in vitro are widely available and used, miRNA agents produced in vivo are emerging to closely recapitulate natural miRNA species for research. Our recent work has demonstrated the success of high-yield, in vivo production of recombinant miRNAs by using human tRNA (htRNA) fused precursor miRNA (pre-miR) carriers. In this study, we aim to compare the production of bioengineered RNA (BioRNA) molecules with glycyl versus leucyl htRNA fused hsa-pre-miR-34a carriers, namely, BioRNAGly and BioRNALeu, respectively, and perform the initial functional assessment. We designed, cloned, overexpressed, and purified a total of 48 new BioRNA/miRNAs, and overall expression levels, final yields, and purities were revealed to be comparable between BioRNAGly and BioRNALeu molecules. Meanwhile, the two versions of BioRNA/miRNAs showed similar activities to inhibit non-small cell lung cancer cell viability. Interestingly, functional analyses using model BioRNA/miR-7-5p demonstrated that BioRNAGly/miR-7-5p exhibited greater efficiency to regulate a known target gene expression (EGFR) than BioRNALeu/miR-7-5p, consistent with miR-7-5p levels released in cells. Moreover, BioRNAGly/miR-7-5p showed comparable or slightly greater activities to modulate MRP1 and VDAC1 expression, compared with miRCURY LNA miR-7-5p mimic. Computational modeling illustrated overall comparable 3D structures for exemplary BioRNA/miRNAs with noticeable differences in htRNA species and payload miRNAs. These findings support the utility of hybrid htRNA/hsa-pre-miR-34a as reliable carriers for RNA molecular bioengineering, and the resultant BioRNAs serve as functional biologic RNAs for research and development.
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MESH Headings
- Bioengineering
- RNA, Transfer, Gly/chemistry
- RNA, Transfer, Gly/genetics
- RNA, Transfer, Gly/isolation & purification
- RNA, Transfer, Gly/pharmacology
- RNA, Transfer, Leu/chemistry
- RNA, Transfer, Leu/genetics
- RNA, Transfer, Leu/isolation & purification
- RNA, Transfer, Leu/pharmacology
- MicroRNAs/chemistry
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/isolation & purification
- MicroRNAs/pharmacology
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Gene Expression/drug effects
- Computer Simulation
- Cell Line, Tumor
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin M Traber
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California-Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California 95817, USA
| | - Colleen Yi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California-Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California 95817, USA
| | - Neelu Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California-Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California 95817, USA
| | - Mei-Juan Tu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California-Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California 95817, USA
| | - Ai-Ming Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California-Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California 95817, USA
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Chen Y, Wu Z, Li S, Chen Q, Wang L, Qi X, Tian C, Yang M. Mapping the Research of Ferroptosis in Parkinson's Disease from 2013 to 2023: A Scientometric Review. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:1053-1081. [PMID: 38585257 PMCID: PMC10999190 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s458026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Methods Related studies on PD and ferroptosis were searched in Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) from inception to 2023. VOSviewer, CiteSpace, RStudio, and Scimago Graphica were employed as bibliometric analysis tools to generate network maps about the collaborations between authors, countries, and institutions and to visualize the co-occurrence and trends of co-cited references and keywords. Results A total of 160 original articles and reviews related to PD and ferroptosis were retrieved, produced by from 958 authors from 162 institutions. Devos David was the most prolific author, with 9 articles. China and the University of Melbourne had leading positions in publication volume with 84 and 12 publications, respectively. Current hot topics focus on excavating potential new targets for treating PD based on ferroptosis by gaining insight into specific molecular mechanisms, including iron metabolism disorders, lipid peroxidation, and imbalanced antioxidant regulation. Clinical studies aimed at treating PD by targeting ferroptosis remain in their preliminary stages. Conclusion A continued increase was shown in the literature within the related field over the past decade. The current study suggested active collaborations among authors, countries, and institutions. Research into the pathogenesis and treatment of PD based on ferroptosis has remained a prominent topic in the field in recent years, indicating that ferroptosis-targeted therapy is a potential approach to halting the progression of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingfan Chen
- Medical School of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Six Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenhui Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaodan Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Six Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Six Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Six Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaorong Qi
- Medical School of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chujiao Tian
- Medical School of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Minghui Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Six Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Currim F, Shukla S, Singh J, Gohel D, Mane M, Shinde A, Roy M, Goyani S, Vasiyani H, Chandran A, Rochet JC, Cannon J, Singh R. Neuronal exosomal miRNAs modulate mitochondrial functions and cell death in bystander neuronal cells under Parkinson's disease stress conditions. Neurotoxicology 2024; 101:102-116. [PMID: 38401688 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2024.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive loss of midbrain dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra part of the brain. Pathology spread to numerous brain regions and cell types suggests that intercellular communication is essential to PD progression. Exosomes mediate intercellular communication between neurons, glia, and other cell types throughout PD-relevant brain regions. However, the mechanism remains unclear, and its implication in PD pathology, is not well understood. In the current study, we explored the role of exosomes in modulating the response to PD-relevant toxicants. In cellular models of PD, neuronal cell-derived exosomes are readily internalized by recipient neuronal cells as intact vesicles. Internalized exosomes in bystander neuronal cells localize to mitochondria and dysregulate mitochondrial functions, leading to cell death under PD stress conditions. NGS analysis of exosomes released by neuronal cells subjected to PD stress conditions showed that levels of specific miRNAs were altered in exosomes under PD stress conditions. Bioinformatic analysis of the miRNA targets revealed enriched pathways related to neuronal processes and morphogenesis, apoptosis and ageing. Levels of two miRNAs, hsa-miR-30a-5p and hsa-miR-181c-5p, were downregulated in exosomes under PD stress conditions. Expression of the identified miRNAs in neuronal cells led to their enrichment in exosomes, and exosome uptake in neuronal cells ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction induced by PD stress conditions and rescued cell death. In conclusion, loss of enrichment of specific miRNAs, including miR-30a-5p and miR-181c-5p, under PD stress conditions causes mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal death, and hence may lead to progression of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatema Currim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India; School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Shatakshi Shukla
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India
| | - Jyoti Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India
| | - Dhruv Gohel
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Minal Mane
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India
| | - Anjali Shinde
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India
| | - Milton Roy
- Institute for Cell Engineering, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, MRB 731, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Shani Goyani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India
| | - Hitesh Vasiyani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India
| | - Aswathy Chandran
- Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Jean-Christophe Rochet
- Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Jason Cannon
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Rajesh Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi, UP 221005, India.
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Greyslak KT, Hetrick B, Bergman BC, Dean TA, Wesolowski SR, Gannon M, Schenk S, Sullivan EL, Aagaard KM, Kievit P, Chicco AJ, Friedman JE, McCurdy CE. A Maternal Western-Style Diet Impairs Skeletal Muscle Lipid Metabolism in Adolescent Japanese Macaques. Diabetes 2023; 72:1766-1780. [PMID: 37725952 PMCID: PMC10658061 DOI: 10.2337/db23-0289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Maternal consumption of a Western-style diet (mWD) during pregnancy alters fatty acid metabolism and reduces insulin sensitivity in fetal skeletal muscle. The long-term impact of these fetal adaptations and the pathways underlying disordered lipid metabolism are incompletely understood. Therefore, we tested whether a mWD chronically fed to lean, insulin-sensitive adult Japanese macaques throughout pregnancy and lactation would impact skeletal muscle oxidative capacity and lipid metabolism in adolescent offspring fed a postweaning (pw) Western-style diet (WD) or control diet (CD). Although body weight was not different, retroperitoneal fat mass and subscapular skinfold thickness were significantly higher in pwWD offspring consistent with elevated fasting insulin and glucose. Maximal complex I (CI)-dependent respiration in muscle was lower in mWD offspring in the presence of fatty acids, suggesting that mWD impacts muscle integration of lipid with nonlipid oxidation. Abundance of all five oxidative phosphorylation complexes and VDAC, but not ETF/ETFDH, were reduced with mWD, partially explaining the lower respiratory capacity with lipids. Muscle triglycerides increased with pwWD; however, the fold increase in lipid saturation, 1,2-diacylglycerides, and C18 ceramide compared between pwCD and pwWD was greatest in mWD offspring. Reductions in CI abundance and VDAC correlated with reduced markers of oxidative stress, suggesting that these reductions may be an early-life adaptation to mWD to mitigate excess reactive oxygen species. Altogether, mWD, independent of maternal obesity or insulin resistance, results in sustained metabolic reprogramming in offspring muscle despite a healthy diet intervention. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS In lean, active adolescent offspring, a postweaning Western-style diet (pwWD) leads to shifts in body fat distribution that are associated with poorer insulin sensitivity. Fatty acid-linked oxidative metabolism was reduced in skeletal muscles from offspring exposed to maternal Western-style diet (mWD) even when weaned to a healthy control diet for years. Reduced oxidative phosphorylation complex I-V and VDAC1 abundance partially explain decreased skeletal muscle respiration in mWD offspring. Prior exposure to mWD results in greater fold increase with pwWD in saturated lipids and bioactive lipid molecules (i.e. ceramide and sphingomyelin) associated with insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Byron Hetrick
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR
| | - Bryan C. Bergman
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Tyler A. Dean
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon Health & Science University, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR
| | | | - Maureen Gannon
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Simon Schenk
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Elinor L. Sullivan
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Kjersti M. Aagaard
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Paul Kievit
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon Health & Science University, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR
| | - Adam J. Chicco
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
| | - Jacob E. Friedman
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
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Singh J, Meena A, Luqman S. New frontiers in the design and discovery of therapeutics that target calcium ion signaling: a novel approach in the fight against cancer. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2023; 18:1379-1392. [PMID: 37655549 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2023.2251887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Ca2+ signaling toolkit is currently under investigation as a potential target for addressing the threat of cancer. A growing body of evidence suggests that calcium signaling plays a crucial role in promoting various aspects of cancer, including cell proliferation, progression, drug resistance, and migration-related activities. Consequently, focusing on these altered Ca2+ transporting proteins has emerged as a promising area of research for cancer treatment. AREAS COVERED This review highlights the existing research on the role of Ca2+-transporting proteins in cancer progression. It discusses the current studies evaluating Ca2+ channel/transporter/pump blockers, inhibitors, or regulators as potential anticancer drugs. Additionally, the review addresses specific gaps in our understanding of the field that may require further investigation. EXPERT OPINION Targeting specific Ca2+ signaling cascades could disrupt normal cellular activities, making cancer therapy complex and elusive. Therefore, there is a need for improvements in current Ca2+ signaling pathway focused medicines. While synthetic molecules and plant compounds show promise, they also come with certain limitations. Hence, exploring the framework of targeted drug delivery, structure-rationale-based designing, and repurposing potential drugs to target Ca2+ transporting proteins could potentially lead to a significant breakthrough in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Singh
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
- Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Abha Meena
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Suaib Luqman
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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11
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Prasad Panda S, Kesharwani A. Micronutrients/miRs/ATP networking in mitochondria: Clinical intervention with ferroptosis, cuproptosis, and calcium burden. Mitochondrion 2023; 71:1-16. [PMID: 37172668 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The mitochondrial electron transport chain (mtETC) requires mainly coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), copper (Cu2+), calcium (Ca2+), and iron (Fe2+) ions for efficient ATP production. According to cross-sectional research, up to 50% of patients with micronutrient imbalances have been linked to oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, reduced ATP production, and the prognosis of various diseases. The condition of ferroptosis, which is caused by the downregulation of CoQ10 and the activation of non-coding micro RNAs (miRs), is strongly linked to free radical accumulation, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. The entry of micronutrients into the mitochondrial matrix depends upon the higher threshold level of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and high cytosolic micronutrients. The elevated micronutrient in the mitochondrial matrix causes the utilization of all ATP, leading to a drop in ATP levels. Mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) and Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) play a major role in Ca2+ influx in the mitochondrial matrix. The mitochondrial Ca2+ overload is regulated by specific miRs such as miR1, miR7, miR25, miR145, miR138, and miR214, thereby reducing apoptosis and improving ATP production. Cuproptosis is primarily brought on by increased Cu+ build-up and mitochondrial proteotoxic stress, mediated by ferredoxin-1 (FDX1) and long non-coding RNAs. Cu importers (SLC31A1) and exporters (ATP7B) influence intracellular Cu2+ levels to control cuproptosis. According to literature reviews, very few randomized micronutrient interventions have been carried out, despite the identification of a high prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies. In this review, we concentrated on essential micronutrients and specific miRs associated with ATP production that balance oxidative stress in mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siva Prasad Panda
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Adarsh Kesharwani
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Saikia BJ, Bhardwaj J, Paul S, Sharma S, Neog A, Paul SR, Binukumar BK. Understanding the Roles and Regulation of Mitochondrial microRNAs (MitomiRs) in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Current Status and Advances. Mech Ageing Dev 2023:111838. [PMID: 37329989 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2023.111838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNA) are a class of small non-coding RNA, roughly 21 - 22 nucleotides in length, which are master gene regulators. These miRNAs bind to the mRNA's 3' - untranslated region and regulate post-transcriptional gene regulation, thereby influencing various physiological and cellular processes. Another class of miRNAs known as mitochondrial miRNA (MitomiRs) has been found to either originate from the mitochondrial genome or be translocated directly into the mitochondria. Although the role of nuclear DNA encoded miRNA in the progression of various neurological diseases such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, etc. is well known, accumulating evidence suggests the possible role of deregulated mitomiRs in the progression of various neurodegenerative diseases with unknown mechanism. We have attempted to outline the current state of mitomiRs role in controlling mitochondrial gene expression and function through this review, paying particular attention to their contribution to neurological processes, their etiology, and their potential therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Jyoti Saikia
- CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, New Delhi - 110007; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Juhi Bhardwaj
- CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, New Delhi - 110007; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Sangita Paul
- CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, New Delhi - 110007; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Srishti Sharma
- CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, New Delhi - 110007; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Anindita Neog
- CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, New Delhi - 110007
| | - Swaraj Ranjan Paul
- CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, New Delhi - 110007
| | - B K Binukumar
- CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, New Delhi - 110007; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India.
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Citterio LA, Mancuso R, Agostini S, Meloni M, Clerici M. Serum and Exosomal miR-7-1-5p and miR-223-3p as Possible Biomarkers for Parkinson's Disease. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13050865. [PMID: 37238734 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The etiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) is poorly understood, and is strongly suspected to include both genetic and environmental factors. In this context, it is essential to investigate possible biomarkers for both prognostic and diagnostic purposes. Several studies reported dysregulated microRNA expression in neurodegenerative disorders, including PD. Using ddPCR, we investigated the concentrations of miR-7-1-5p, miR-499-3p, miR-223-3p and miR-223-5p-miRNAs involved in the α-synuclein pathway and in inflammation-in the serum and serum-isolated exosomes of 45 PD patients and 49 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC). While miR-499-3p and miR-223-5p showed no differences (1), serum concentration of miR-7-1-5p was significantly increased (p = 0.0007 vs. HC) and (2) miR-223-3p serum (p = 0.0006) and exosome (p = 0.0002) concentrations were significantly increased. ROC curve analysis showed that miR-223-3p and miR-7-1-5p serum concentration discriminates between PD and HC (p = 0.0001, in both cases). Notably, in PD patients, both miR-223-3p serum (p = 0.0008) and exosome (p = 0.006) concentrations correlated with levodopa equivalent daily dosage (LEDD). Finally, serum α-synuclein was increased in PD patients compared to HC (p = 0.025), and in patients correlated with serum miR-7-1-5p in (p = 0.05). Our results suggest that both miR-7-1-5p and miR-223-3p, distinguishing PD from HC, have the potential to be useful and non-invasive biomarkers in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roberta Mancuso
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, 20148 Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Agostini
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, 20148 Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Meloni
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, 20148 Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Clerici
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, 20148 Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20100 Milan, Italy
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14
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Zotarelli-Filho IJ, Mogharbel BF, Irioda AC, Stricker PEF, de Oliveira NB, Saçaki CS, Perussolo MC, da Rosa NN, Lührs L, Dziedzic DSM, Vaz RS, de Carvalho KAT. State of the Art of microRNAs Signatures as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Parkinson's and Alzheimer's Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041113. [PMID: 37189731 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Identifying target microRNAs (miRNAs) might serve as a basis for developing advanced therapies for Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease. This review aims to identify the main therapeutic targets of miRNAs that can potentially act in Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. The publication research was conducted from May 2021 to March 2022, selected from Scopus, PubMed, Embase, OVID, Science Direct, LILACS, and EBSCO. A total of 25 studies were selected from 1549 studies evaluated. The total number of miRNAs as therapeutic targets evidenced was 90 for AD and 54 for PD. An average detection accuracy of above 84% for the miRNAs was observed in the selected studies of AD and PD. The major signatures were miR-26b-5p, miR-615-3p, miR-4722-5p, miR23a-3p, and miR-27b-3p for AD and miR-374a-5p for PD. Six miRNAs of intersection were found between AD and PD. This article identified the main microRNAs as selective biomarkers for diagnosing PD and AD and therapeutic targets through a systematic review and meta-analysis. This article can act as a microRNA guideline for laboratory research and pharmaceutical industries for treating Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases and offers the opportunity to evaluate therapeutic interventions earlier in the disease process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idiberto José Zotarelli-Filho
- Advanced Therapy and Cellular Biotechnology in Regenerative Medicine Department, The Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute & Pequeno Príncipe Faculties, Curitiba 80240-020, Brazil
- Faculty of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto, FACERES., São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo 15090-305, Brazil
| | - Bassam Felipe Mogharbel
- Advanced Therapy and Cellular Biotechnology in Regenerative Medicine Department, The Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute & Pequeno Príncipe Faculties, Curitiba 80240-020, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Irioda
- Advanced Therapy and Cellular Biotechnology in Regenerative Medicine Department, The Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute & Pequeno Príncipe Faculties, Curitiba 80240-020, Brazil
| | - Priscila Elias Ferreira Stricker
- Advanced Therapy and Cellular Biotechnology in Regenerative Medicine Department, The Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute & Pequeno Príncipe Faculties, Curitiba 80240-020, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Barth de Oliveira
- Advanced Therapy and Cellular Biotechnology in Regenerative Medicine Department, The Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute & Pequeno Príncipe Faculties, Curitiba 80240-020, Brazil
| | - Claudia Sayuri Saçaki
- Advanced Therapy and Cellular Biotechnology in Regenerative Medicine Department, The Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute & Pequeno Príncipe Faculties, Curitiba 80240-020, Brazil
| | - Maiara Carolina Perussolo
- Advanced Therapy and Cellular Biotechnology in Regenerative Medicine Department, The Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute & Pequeno Príncipe Faculties, Curitiba 80240-020, Brazil
| | - Nádia Nascimento da Rosa
- Advanced Therapy and Cellular Biotechnology in Regenerative Medicine Department, The Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute & Pequeno Príncipe Faculties, Curitiba 80240-020, Brazil
| | - Larissa Lührs
- Advanced Therapy and Cellular Biotechnology in Regenerative Medicine Department, The Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute & Pequeno Príncipe Faculties, Curitiba 80240-020, Brazil
| | - Dilcele Silva Moreira Dziedzic
- Advanced Therapy and Cellular Biotechnology in Regenerative Medicine Department, The Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute & Pequeno Príncipe Faculties, Curitiba 80240-020, Brazil
| | - Rogério Saad Vaz
- UNIFATEB Centro Universitário de Telêmaco Borba, Telêmaco Borba 84266-010, Brazil
| | - Katherine Athayde Teixeira de Carvalho
- Advanced Therapy and Cellular Biotechnology in Regenerative Medicine Department, The Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute & Pequeno Príncipe Faculties, Curitiba 80240-020, Brazil
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15
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Moradi Vastegani S, Nasrolahi A, Ghaderi S, Belali R, Rashno M, Farzaneh M, Khoshnam SE. Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Parkinson's Disease: Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Strategies. Neurochem Res 2023:10.1007/s11064-023-03904-0. [PMID: 36943668 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-03904-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common age-related neurodegenerative disorder whose pathogenesis is not completely understood. Mitochondrial dysfunction and increased oxidative stress have been considered as major causes and central events responsible for the progressive degeneration of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in PD. Therefore, investigating mitochondrial disorders plays a role in understanding the pathogenesis of PD and can be an important therapeutic target for this disease. This study discusses the effect of environmental, genetic and biological factors on mitochondrial dysfunction and also focuses on the mitochondrial molecular mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration, and its possible therapeutic targets in PD, including reactive oxygen species generation, calcium overload, inflammasome activation, apoptosis, mitophagy, mitochondrial biogenesis, and mitochondrial dynamics. Other potential therapeutic strategies such as mitochondrial transfer/transplantation, targeting microRNAs, using stem cells, photobiomodulation, diet, and exercise were also discussed in this review, which may provide valuable insights into clinical aspects. A better understanding of the roles of mitochondria in the pathophysiology of PD may provide a rationale for designing novel therapeutic interventions in our fight against PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Moradi Vastegani
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ava Nasrolahi
- Infectious Ophthalmologic Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital Clinical Research Development Unit, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Shahab Ghaderi
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Science and Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Rafie Belali
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Masome Rashno
- Asadabad School of Medical Sciences, Asadabad, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Asadabad School of Medical Sciences, Asadabad, Iran
| | - Maryam Farzaneh
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyed Esmaeil Khoshnam
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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16
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Tryphena KP, Singh G, Jain N, Famta P, Srivastava S, Singh SB, Khatri DK. Integration of miRNA's Theranostic Potential with Nanotechnology: Promises and Challenges for Parkinson's Disease Therapeutics. Mech Ageing Dev 2023; 211:111800. [PMID: 36958539 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2023.111800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Despite the wide research going on in Parkinson's disease (PD), the burden of PD still remains high and continues to increase. The current drugs available for the treatment of PD are only aimed at symptomatic control. Hence, research is mainly focused on identifying the novel therapeutic targets that can be effectively targeted in order to slow down or culminate the disease progression. Recently the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the regulation of various pathological mechanisms of PD has been thoroughly explored and many of them were found to be dysregulated in the biological samples of PD patients. These miRNAs can be used as diagnostic markers and novel therapeutic options to manage PD. The delivery of miRNAs to the target site in brain is a challenging job owing to their nature of degradability by endonucleases as well as poor blood brain barrier (BBB) permeability. Nanoparticles appear to be the best solution to effectively encase the miRNA in their core as well as cross the BBB to deliver them into brain. Functionalisation of these nanoparticles further enhances the site-specific delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamatham Pushpa Tryphena
- Molecular and cellular neuroscience lab, Department of pharmacology and toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)- Hyderabad
| | - Gurpreet Singh
- Molecular and cellular neuroscience lab, Department of pharmacology and toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)- Hyderabad
| | - Naitik Jain
- Department of pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)- Hyderabad
| | - Paras Famta
- Department of pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)- Hyderabad
| | - Saurabh Srivastava
- Department of pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)- Hyderabad.
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Molecular and cellular neuroscience lab, Department of pharmacology and toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)- Hyderabad
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Molecular and cellular neuroscience lab, Department of pharmacology and toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)- Hyderabad.
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Tiwari S, Singh A, Gupta P, K A, Singh S. UBA52 Attunes VDAC1-Mediated Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Dopaminergic Neuronal Death. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:839-850. [PMID: 36755387 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial homeostasis regulates energy metabolism, calcium buffering, cell function, and apoptosis. The present study has been conducted to investigate the implications of the ubiquitin-encoding gene UBA52 in mitochondrial physiology. Transient expression of Myc-UBA52 in neurons significantly inhibited the rotenone-induced increase in reactive oxygen species generation, nitrite level, and depleted glutathione level. Mass spectrometric and coimmunoprecipitation data suggested the profound interaction of UBA52 with mitochondrial outer membrane channel protein, VDAC1 in both the wild-type and Myc-α-synuclein overexpressed neuronal cells and in the Parkinson's disease (PD)-specific substantia nigra and striatal region of the rat brain. In vitro ubiquitylation assay revealed that UBA52 participates in the ubiquitylation of VDAC1 through E3 ligase CHIP. Myc-UBA52 overexpression in neurons further improved the mitochondrial functionality and cell viability by preventing the alteration in mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial complex I activity, and translocation of cytochrome c and p-Nrf2 along with the effect on intracellular calcium uptake, thus collectively inhibiting the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Additionally, Myc-UBA52 expression in neuronal cells offered protection against apoptotic and autophagic cell death. Altogether, our findings delineate a functional association between UBA52 and mitochondrial homeostasis, providing new insights into the deterrence of dopaminergic cell death during acute PD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhangini Tiwari
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Abhishek Singh
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Parul Gupta
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Amrutha K
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Sarika Singh
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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18
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Baburina YL, Zvyagina AI, Odinokova IV, Krestinina OV. [Effect of erastin and G3139 on rat liver mitochondria in chronic alcoholic intoxication]. BIOMEDITSINSKAIA KHIMIIA 2023; 69:62-71. [PMID: 36857428 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20236901062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
The effect of modulators of VDAC channels - G3139 and erastin on the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) functioning and changes in the content of proteins involved in regulation of mPTP (VDAC, CNPase, and TSPO) has been investigated in liver mitochondria of rats with chronic alcohol intoxication. It was shown that the mitochondria of rats treated with ethanol were more sensitive to mPTP induction. Moreover, ethanol induced changes in the expression of mPTP regulator proteins. G3139 and erastin were also able to influence the studied mitochondrial parameters, and they increased their effect in the liver mitochondria of rats treated with ethanol, as compared to the mitochondria of control rats. We hypothesize that the results of this study may help to elucidate the mechanisms of chronic action of ethanol on mitochondria and contribute to the development of new therapeutic strategies for treating the consequences of ethanol-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu L Baburina
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Science, Pushchino, Russia
| | - A I Zvyagina
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Science, Pushchino, Russia
| | - I V Odinokova
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Science, Pushchino, Russia
| | - O V Krestinina
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Science, Pushchino, Russia
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19
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Tryphena KP, Anuradha U, Kumar R, Rajan S, Srivastava S, Singh SB, Khatri DK. Understanding the Involvement of microRNAs in Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Their Role as Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Parkinson's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 94:S187-S202. [PMID: 35848027 PMCID: PMC10473154 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, affecting the elderly worldwide and causing significant movement impairments. The goal of PD treatment is to restore dopamine levels in the striatum and regulate movement symptoms. The lack of specific biomarkers for early diagnosis, as well as medication aimed at addressing the pathogenic mechanisms to decelerate the progression of dopaminergic neurodegeneration, are key roadblocks in the management of PD. Various pathogenic processes have been identified to be involved in the progression of PD, with mitochondrial dysfunction being a major contributor to the disease's pathogenesis. The regulation of mitochondrial functions is influenced by a variety of factors, including epigenetics. microRNAs (miRNAs) are epigenetic modulators involved in the regulation of gene expression and regulate a variety of proteins that essential for proper mitochondrial functioning. They are found to be dysregulated in PD, as evidenced by biological samples from PD patients and in vitro and in vivo research. In this article, we attempt to provide an overview of several miRNAs linked to mitochondrial dysfunction and their potential as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamatham Pushpa Tryphena
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Urati Anuradha
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Rohith Kumar
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Shruti Rajan
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Saurabh Srivastava
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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20
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Ageing at Molecular Level: Role of MicroRNAs. Subcell Biochem 2023; 102:195-248. [PMID: 36600135 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-21410-3_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The progression of age triggers a vast number of diseases including cardiovascular, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders. Regardless of our plentiful knowledge about age-related diseases, little is understood about molecular pathways that associate the ageing process with various diseases. Several cellular events like senescence, telomere dysfunction, alterations in protein processing, and regulation of gene expression are common between ageing and associated diseases. Accumulating information on the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) suggests targeting miRNAs can aid our understanding of the interplay between ageing and associated diseases. In the present chapter, we have attempted to explore the information available on the role of miRNAs in ageing of various tissues/organs and diseases and understand the molecular mechanism of ageing.
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21
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Gareev I, Beylerli O, Liang Y, Lu E, Ilyasova T, Sufianov A, Sufianova G, Shi H, Ahmad A, Yang G. The Role of Mitochondria-Targeting miRNAs in Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:1065-1080. [PMID: 35524670 PMCID: PMC10286585 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x20666220507021445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the most common type of hemorrhagic stroke, most often occurring between the ages of 45 and 60. Arterial hypertension (AH) is most often the cause of ICH, followed by atherosclerosis, blood diseases, inflammatory changes in cerebral vessels, intoxication and vitamin deficiencies. Cerebral hemorrhage can occur by diapedesis or as a result of a ruptured vessel. AH is difficult to treat, requires surgery and can lead to disability or death. One of the important directions in the study of the pathogenesis of ICH is mitochondrial dysfunction and its regulation. The key role of mitochondrial dysfunction in AH and atherosclerosis, as well as in the development of brain damage after hemorrhage, has been acknowledged. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs (about 18-22 nucleotides) that regulate a variety of biological processes including cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, etc., primarily through gene repression. There is growing evidence to support dysregulated miRNAs in various cardiovascular diseases, including ICH. Further, the realization of miRNAs within mitochondrial compartment has challenged the traditional knowledge of signaling pathways involved in the regulatory network of cardiovascular diseases. However, the role of miRNAs in mitochondrial dysfunction for ICH is still under-appreciated, with comparatively much lesser studies and investigations reported, than those in other cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we summarize the up-to-date findings on the published role miRNAs in mitochondrial function for ICH, and the potential use of miRNAs in clinical settings, such as potential therapeutic targets and non-invasive diagnostic/prognostic biomarker tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilgiz Gareev
- Federal Centre of Neurosurgery, Tyumen, Russia
- Рeoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Ozal Beylerli
- Federal Centre of Neurosurgery, Tyumen, Russia
- Рeoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Yanchao Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
- Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Enzhou Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
- Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Tatiana Ilyasova
- Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, 450008, Russia
| | - Albert Sufianov
- Federal Centre of Neurosurgery, Tyumen, Russia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
- Рeoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Galina Sufianova
- Department of Pharmacology, Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen, Russia
| | - Huaizhang Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
- Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Aamir Ahmad
- Interim Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
- Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
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22
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Zhang X, Qin Q, Lv X, Wang Y, Luo F, Xue L. Natural emodin reduces myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by modulating the RUNX1/miR‑142‑3p/DRD2 pathway and attenuating inflammation. Exp Ther Med 2022; 24:745. [PMID: 36561980 PMCID: PMC9748643 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Although timely reperfusion could attenuate myocardial ischemia injury and reduce mortality, it causes severe secondary injury to the myocardium known as myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI) with unmet clinical needs. Emodin has a protective effect on MIRI in rodents. However, the precise mechanism underlying its pharmacological effect remains poorly understood. Accordingly, the present study used mRNA and microRNA (miRNA) sequencing based on MIRI mouse models to determine the mechanism involved. Emodin was found to prevent MIRI and attenuate the inflammation of myocardium in the MIRI model. In addition, by using an interdisciplinary approach, the present study uncovered that emodin suppressed the runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1), which is a transcription factor of miR-142-3p, in either MIRI or the hypoxia/reoxygenation injury model. Furthermore, miR-142-3p can negatively regulate dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2), which acted as an anti-inflammatory factor to suppress NF-κB-dependent inflammation and prevent MIRI. These results were demonstrated by both cellular hypoxia/reoxygenation and mouse MIRI models. Overall, the present study provided an unrevealed molecular mechanism for emodin function. Emodin could inhibit NF-κB-triggered inflammation in MIRI by regulating the RUNX1/miR-142-3p/DRD2 pathway. Therefore, the RUNX1/miR-142-3p/DRD2 pathway presented a novel target for MIRI treatment, and the application of emodin in clinical practice may improve the treatment of MIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Professor Xuezhi Zhang, Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 369 Shanghai Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Qiaoji Qin
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Xianghong Lv
- Department of Pediatrics, The Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266042, P.R. China
| | - Yongbin Wang
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Feng Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Li Xue
- Department of Endoscopy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
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23
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The Potential Role of Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel in the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:4665530. [PMID: 36246397 PMCID: PMC9556184 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4665530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease second only to Alzheimer’s disease in terms of prevalence. Previous studies have indicated that the occurrence and progression of PD are associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the most important causes for apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons. Therefore, maintaining the stability of mitochondrial functioning is a potential strategy in the treatment of PD. Voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) is the main component in the outer mitochondrial membrane, and it participates in a variety of biological processes. In this review, we focus on the potential roles of VDACs in the treatment of PD. We found that VDACs are involved in PD by regulating apoptosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis. VDAC1 oligomerization, VDACs ubiquitination, regulation of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) by VDACs, and interaction between VDACs and α-synuclein (α-syn) are all promising methods for the treatment of PD. We proposed that inhibition of VDAC1 oligomerization and promotion of VDAC1 ubiquitination as an effective approach for the treatment of PD. Previous studies have proven that the expression of VDAC1 has a significant change in PD models. The expression levels of VDAC1 are decreased in the substantia nigra (SN) of patients suffering from PD compared with the control group consisting of normal individuals by using bioinformatics tools. VDAC2 is involved in PD mainly through the regulation of apoptosis. VDAC3 may have a similar function to VDAC1. It can be concluded that the functional roles of VDACs contribute to the therapeutic strategy of PD.
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Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a complex, chronic, and progressive neurodegenerative disease that is characterized by irreversible dopaminergic neuronal loss in the substantia nigra. Alpha-synuclein is normally a synaptic protein that plays a key role in PD due to pathological accumulation as oligomers or fibrils. Clustered alpha-synuclein binds to the Toll-like receptors and activates the microglia, which initiates a process that continues with pro-inflammatory cytokine production and secretion. Pro-inflammatory cytokine overproduction and secretion induce cell death and accelerate PD progression. Microglia are found in a resting state in physiological conditions. Microglia became activated by stimulating Toll-like receptors on it under pathological conditions, such as alpha-synuclein aggregation, environmental toxins, or oxidative stress. The interaction between Toll-like receptors and its downstream pathway triggers an activation series, leads to nuclear factor-kappa B activation, initiates the inflammasome formation, and increases cytokine levels. This consecutive inflammatory process leads to dopaminergic cell damage and cell death. Microglia become overactive in response to chronic inflammation, which is observed in PD and causes excessive cytotoxic factor production, such as reactive oxidase, nitric oxide, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. This inflammatory process contributes to the exacerbation of pathology by triggering neuronal damage or death. Current treatments, such as dopaminergic agonists, anticholinergics, or monoamine oxidase inhibitors alleviate PD symptoms, but they can not stop the disease progression. Finding a radical treatment option or stopping the progression is essential when considering that PD is the second most reported neurodegenerative disorder. Many cytokines are released during inflammation, and they can start the phagocytic process, which caused the degradation of infected cells along with healthy ones. Therefore, targeting the pathological mechanisms, such as microglial activation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress, that should be involved in the treatment program is important. Neuroinflammation is one of the key factors involved in PD pathogenesis as well as alpha-synuclein accumulation, synaptic dysfunction, or dopaminergic neuronal loss, especially in the substantia nigra. Therefore, evaluating the therapeutic efficiency of the mechanisms is important, such as microglial activation and nuclear factor-kappa B pathway or inflammasome formation inhibition, and cytokine release interruption against neuroinflammation may create new treatment possibilities for PD. This study examined the pathological relation between PD and neuroinflammation, and targeting neuroinflammation as an opportunity for PD treatments, such as Toll-like receptor antagonists, NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing-3 inflammasome inhibitors, cytokine inhibitors, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ agonists, reactive oxygen species inhibitors, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
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25
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Machine learning and bioinformatics to identify 8 autophagy-related biomarkers and construct gene regulatory networks in dilated cardiomyopathy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15030. [PMID: 36056063 PMCID: PMC9440113 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19027-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a condition of impaired ventricular remodeling and systolic diastole that is often complicated by arrhythmias and heart failure with a poor prognosis. This study attempted to identify autophagy-related genes (ARGs) with diagnostic biomarkers of DCM using machine learning and bioinformatics approaches. Differential analysis of whole gene microarray data of DCM from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was performed using the NetworkAnalyst 3.0 platform. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) matching (|log2FoldChange ≥ 0.8, p value < 0.05|) were obtained in the GSE4172 dataset by merging ARGs from the autophagy gene libraries, HADb and HAMdb, to obtain autophagy-related differentially expressed genes (AR-DEGs) in DCM. The correlation analysis of AR-DEGs and their visualization were performed using R language. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and combined multi-database pathway analysis were served by the Enrichr online enrichment analysis platform. We used machine learning to screen the diagnostic biomarkers of DCM. The transcription factors gene regulatory network was constructed by the JASPAR database of the NetworkAnalyst 3.0 platform. We also used the drug Signatures database (DSigDB) drug database of the Enrichr platform to screen the gene target drugs for DCM. Finally, we used the DisGeNET database to analyze the comorbidities associated with DCM. In the present study, we identified 23 AR-DEGs of DCM. Eight (PLEKHF1, HSPG2, HSF1, TRIM65, DICER1, VDAC1, BAD, TFEB) molecular markers of DCM were obtained by two machine learning algorithms. Transcription factors gene regulatory network was established. Finally, 10 gene-targeted drugs and complications for DCM were identified.
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26
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A new circular RNA-encoded protein BIRC6-236aa inhibits transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV)-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102280. [PMID: 35863430 PMCID: PMC9400091 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), a member of the coronavirus family, is the pathogen responsible for transmissible gastroenteritis, which results in mitochondrial dysfunction in host cells. Previously, we identified 123 differentially expressed circular RNAs (cRNA)from the TGEV-infected porcine intestinal epithelial cell line jejunum 2 (IPEC-J2). Previous bioinformatics analysis suggested that, of these, circBIRC6 had the potential to regulate mitochondrial function. Furthermore, mitochondrial permeability transition, a key step in the process of mitochondrial dysfunction, is known to be caused by abnormal opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores (mPTPs) regulated by the voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1 (VDAC)–Cyclophilin D (CypD) complex. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the effects of circBIRC6-2 on mitochondrial dysfunction and opening of mPTPs. We found that TGEV infection reduced circBIRC6-2 levels, which in turn reduced mitochondrial calcium (Ca2+) levels, the decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential, and opening of mPTPs. In addition, we also identified ORFs and internal ribosomal entrance sites within the circBIRC6-2 RNA. We demonstrate circBIRC6-2 encodes a novel protein, BIRC6-236aa, which we show inhibits TGEV-induced opening of mPTPs during TGEV infection. Mechanistically, we identified an interaction between BIRC6-236aa and VDAC1, suggesting that BIRC6-236aa destabilizes the VDAC1–CypD complex. Taken together, the results suggest that the novel protein BIRC6-236aa encoded by cRNA circBIRC6-2 inhibits mPTP opening and subsequent mitochondrial dysfunction by interacting with VDAC1.
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Li A, Zhang Y, Ma Y, Xu R, Song L, Cao W, Tang X. The effects of coal dust exposure on DNA damage and repair of human bronchial epithelial cells. Toxicol Ind Health 2022; 38:389-398. [PMID: 35624533 DOI: 10.1177/07482337221100483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
To explore the effects of coal dust exposure on DNA damage and repair, human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells were exposed to coal dust and the cellular response was investigated. It was found that γ-H2AX foci of DNA damage appeared, γ-H2AX protein level increased, and the rate of cell apoptosis was significantly elevated when BEAS-2B cells were exposed to coal dust for a short time. Phagocytized coal dust particles, swollen mitochondria, and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential were simultaneously identified. Moreover, Caspase-9, Caspase-3, and DFF45 proteins of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway were activated. After the cells were exposed to coal dust chronically, phosphorylation levels of DNA repair kinases (ATM/ATR, DNA-PKcs) and downstream regulatory protein AKT were significantly upregulated. γ-H2AX foci and tail DNA of the cells following treatment with cisplatin were also reduced, and the colony formation rate was improved. It was concluded that coal dust could induce DNA damage, cause mitochondrial depolarization, and activate mitochondrial apoptosis pathways in BEAS-2B cells. Additionally, activated DNA repair kinases (ATM/ATR and DNA-PKcs) and their regulatory protein AKT increased DNA repair and proliferation of BEAS-2B cells chronically exposed to coal dust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Li
- Medical School, 91594Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Yinci Zhang
- Medical School, 91594Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Yongfang Ma
- Medical School, 91594Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Ruyue Xu
- Medical School, 91594Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Li Song
- Medical School, 91594Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Weiya Cao
- Medical School, 91594Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Xiaolong Tang
- Medical School, 91594Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan, China
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28
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Wo L, Zhang X, Ma C, Zhou C, Li J, Hu Z, Gong X, Zhan M, He M, Zhao Q. LncRNA HABON promoted liver cancer cells survival under hypoxia by inhibiting mPTP opening. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:171. [PMID: 35387966 PMCID: PMC8986810 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-00917-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia is an important feature of the tumor microenvironment (TME). While targeting hypoxic TME is emerging as a potential strategy for treating solid tumors including liver cancer. Recent studies have shown that hypoxia can regulate tumor adaptation to hypoxic TME through long non-coding RNA (lncRNA). In the previous study, we identify a novel hypoxia-activated lncRNA and termed it as HABON. Here, we demonstrated that knockdown of HABON caused necroptosis of tumor tissue and inhibited the subcutaneous tumor growth of SMMC-7721 cells in nude mice. Moreover, knockdown of HABON increased RIPK1 and MLKL expression as well as their phosphorylation level in SMMC-7721 and Huh7 liver cancer cells. Meanwhile, Necrostatin-1 and GSK872 could restore cell death of liver cancer cells caused by knockdown of HABON under hypoxia. The above results suggested that HABON could inhibit hypoxia-induced necroptosis of liver cancer cells. Mechanically, knockdown of HABON in liver cancer cells aggravated mitochondrial dysfunction caused by hypoxia. Furthermore, the RNA pull-down combined with mass spectrometry analysis identified HABON can interact with mitochondria-related protein VDAC1 and the RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) analysis proved the interaction. In addition, we proved that VDAC1 mediated the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening, mitochondrial dysfunction, as well as necroptosis caused by knockdown of HABON. Overall, our work demonstrates HABON can reduce hypoxia-induced necroptosis of liver cancer cells and suggests that inhibition of HABON in the hypoxic TME is a potential therapeutic strategy for treating liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Wo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Cellular Homeostasis and Human Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Cellular Homeostasis and Human Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengning Ma
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Cellular Homeostasis and Human Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Cixiang Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Cellular Homeostasis and Human Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingchi Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Cellular Homeostasis and Human Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhexuan Hu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Cellular Homeostasis and Human Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiufeng Gong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Cellular Homeostasis and Human Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengna Zhan
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200031, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming He
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Cellular Homeostasis and Human Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), 200025, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qian Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Cellular Homeostasis and Human Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), 200025, Shanghai, China.
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29
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Tsamou M, Carpi D, Pistollato F, Roggen EL. Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease- and Neurotoxicity-Related microRNAs Affecting Key Events of Tau-Driven Adverse Outcome Pathway Toward Memory Loss. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 86:1427-1457. [PMID: 35213375 DOI: 10.3233/jad-215434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A complex network of aging-related homeostatic pathways that are sensitive to further deterioration in the presence of genetic, systemic, and environmental risk factors, and lifestyle, is implicated in the pathogenesis of progressive neurodegenerative diseases, such as sporadic (late-onset) Alzheimer's disease (sAD). OBJECTIVE Since sAD pathology and neurotoxicity share microRNAs (miRs) regulating common as well as overlapping pathological processes, environmental neurotoxic compounds are hypothesized to exert a risk for sAD initiation and progression. METHODS Literature search for miRs associated with human sAD and environmental neurotoxic compounds was conducted. Functional miR analysis using PathDip was performed to create miR-target interaction networks. RESULTS The identified miRs were successfully linked to the hypothetical starting point and key events of the earlier proposed tau-driven adverse outcome pathway toward memory loss. Functional miR analysis confirmed most of the findings retrieved from literature and revealed some interesting findings. The analysis identified 40 miRs involved in both sAD and neurotoxicity that dysregulated processes governing the plausible adverse outcome pathway for memory loss. CONCLUSION Creating miR-target interaction networks related to pathological processes involved in sAD initiation and progression, and environmental chemical-induced neurotoxicity, respectively, provided overlapping miR-target interaction networks. This overlap offered an opportunity to create an alternative picture of the mechanisms underlying sAD initiation and early progression. Looking at initiation and progression of sAD from this new angle may open for new biomarkers and novel drug targets for sAD before the appearance of the first clinical symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Tsamou
- ToxGenSolutions (TGS), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Donatella Carpi
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra VA, Italy
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Unten Y, Murai M, Koshitaka T, Kitao K, Shirai O, Masuya T, Miyoshi H. Comprehensive understanding of multiple actions of anticancer drug tamoxifen in isolated mitochondria. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2022; 1863:148520. [PMID: 34896079 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2021.148520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tamoxifen has been widely used in the treatment of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer, whereas it also exhibits ER-independent anticancer effects in various cancer cell types. As one of the convincing mechanisms underlying the ER-independent effects, induction of apoptosis through mitochondrial dysfunction has been advocated. However, the mechanism of action of tamoxifen even at the isolated mitochondrial level is not fully understood and remains controversial. Here, we attempted to comprehensively understand tamoxifen's multiple actions in isolated rat liver mitochondria through not only revisiting the actions hitherto reported but also conducting originally designed experiments. Using submitochondrial particles, we found that tamoxifen has potential as an inhibitor of both respiratory complex I and ATP synthase. However, these inhibitory effects were not elicited in intact mitochondria, likely because penetration of tamoxifen across the inner mitochondrial membrane is highly restricted owing to its localized positive charge (-N+H(CH3)2). This restricted penetration may also explain why tamoxifen is unable to function as a protonophore-type uncoupler in mitochondria. Moreover, tamoxifen suppressed opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore induced by Ca2+ overload through enhancing phosphate uptake into the matrix. The photoaffinity labeling experiments using a photolabile tamoxifen derivative (pTAM1) indicated that pTAM1 specifically binds to voltage-dependent anion channels (VDACs) 1 and 3, which regulate transport of various substances into mitochondria. The binding of tamoxifen to VDAC1 and/or VDAC3 could be responsible for the enhancement of phosphate uptake. Taking all the results together, we consider the principal impairment of mitochondrial functions caused by tamoxifen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufu Unten
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Murai
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Tomoki Koshitaka
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Kotaro Kitao
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Osamu Shirai
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Takahiro Masuya
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Hideto Miyoshi
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
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31
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Gowda P, Reddy PH, Kumar S. Deregulated mitochondrial microRNAs in Alzheimer's disease: Focus on synapse and mitochondria. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 73:101529. [PMID: 34813976 PMCID: PMC8692431 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia and is currently one of the biggest public health concerns in the world. Mitochondrial dysfunction in neurons is one of the major hallmarks of AD. Emerging evidence suggests that mitochondrial miRNAs potentially play important roles in the mitochondrial dysfunctions, focusing on synapse in AD progression. In this meta-analysis paper, a comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify and discuss the (1) role of mitochondrial miRNAs that regulate mitochondrial and synaptic functions; (2) the role of various factors such as mitochondrial dynamics, biogenesis, calcium signaling, biological sex, and aging on synapse and mitochondrial function; (3) how synapse damage and mitochondrial dysfunctions contribute to AD; (4) the structure and function of synapse and mitochondria in the disease process; (5) latest research developments in synapse and mitochondria in healthy and disease states; and (6) therapeutic strategies that improve synaptic and mitochondrial functions in AD. Specifically, we discussed how differences in the expression of mitochondrial miRNAs affect ATP production, oxidative stress, mitophagy, bioenergetics, mitochondrial dynamics, synaptic activity, synaptic plasticity, neurotransmission, and synaptotoxicity in neurons observed during AD. However, more research is needed to confirm the locations and roles of individual mitochondrial miRNAs in the development of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth Gowda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Neuroscience & Pharmacology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Neurology, Departments of School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Public Health Department of Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Neuroscience & Pharmacology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Neurology, Departments of School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Public Health Department of Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, School Health Professions, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.
| | - Subodh Kumar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.
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32
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Belkozhayev AM, Al-Yozbaki M, George A, Niyazova RY, Sharipov KO, Byrne LJ, Wilson CM. Extracellular Vesicles, Stem Cells and the Role of miRNAs in Neurodegeneration. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:1450-1478. [PMID: 34414870 PMCID: PMC9881087 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210817150141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
There are different modalities of intercellular communication governed by cellular homeostasis. In this review, we will explore one of these forms of communication called extracellular vesicles (EVs). These vesicles are released by all cells in the body and are heterogeneous in nature. The primary function of EVs is to share information through their cargo consisting of proteins, lipids and nucleic acids (mRNA, miRNA, dsDNA etc.) with other cells, which have a direct consequence on their microenvironment. We will focus on the role of EVs of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the nervous system and how these participate in intercellular communication to maintain physiological function and provide neuroprotection. However, deregulation of this same communication system could play a role in several neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, prion disease and Huntington's disease. The release of EVs from a cell provides crucial information to what is happening inside the cell and thus could be used in diagnostics and therapy. We will discuss and explore new avenues for the clinical applications of using engineered MSC-EVs and their potential therapeutic benefit in treating neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaz M. Belkozhayev
- Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
- Structural and Functional Genomics Laboratory of M.A. Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Minnatallah Al-Yozbaki
- Canterbury Christ Church University, School of Human and Life Sciences, Life Sciences Industry Liaison Lab, Sandwich, UK
| | - Alex George
- Canterbury Christ Church University, School of Human and Life Sciences, Life Sciences Industry Liaison Lab, Sandwich, UK
- Jubilee Centre for Medical Research, Jubilee Mission Medical College & Research Institute, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Raigul Ye Niyazova
- Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Kamalidin O. Sharipov
- Structural and Functional Genomics Laboratory of M.A. Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Lee J. Byrne
- Canterbury Christ Church University, School of Human and Life Sciences, Life Sciences Industry Liaison Lab, Sandwich, UK
| | - Cornelia M. Wilson
- Canterbury Christ Church University, School of Human and Life Sciences, Life Sciences Industry Liaison Lab, Sandwich, UK
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33
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Zhang J, Zhao M, Yan R, Liu J, Maddila S, Junn E, Mouradian MM. MicroRNA-7 Protects Against Neurodegeneration Induced by α-Synuclein Preformed Fibrils in the Mouse Brain. Neurotherapeutics 2021; 18:2529-2540. [PMID: 34697773 PMCID: PMC8804150 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-021-01130-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
α-Synuclein is a key protein in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease as it accumulates in fibrillar form in affected brain regions. Misfolded α-synuclein seeds recruit monomeric α-synuclein to form aggregates, which can spread to anatomically connected brain regions, a phenomenon that correlates with clinical disease progression. Thus, downregulating α-synuclein levels could reduce seeding and inhibit aggregate formation and propagation. We previously reported that microRNA-7 (miR-7) protects neuronal cells by downregulating α-synuclein expression through its effect on the 3'-untranslated region of SNCA mRNA; however, whether miR-7 blocks α-synuclein seeding and propagation in vivo remains unknown. Here, we induced miR-7 overexpression in the mouse striatum unilaterally by infusing adeno-associated virus 1 (AAV-miR-7) followed by inoculation with recombinant α-synuclein preformed fibrils (PFF) a month later. Compared with control mice injected with non-targeting AAV-miR-NT followed by PFF, AAV-miR-7 pre-injected mice exhibited lower levels of monomeric and high-molecular-weight α-synuclein species in the striatum, and reduced amount of phosphorylated α-synuclein in the striatum and in nigral dopamine neurons. Accordingly, AAV-miR-7-injected mice had less pronounced degeneration of the nigrostriatal pathway and better behavioral performance. The neuroinflammatory reaction to α-synuclein PFF inoculation was also significantly attenuated. These data suggest that miR-7 inhibits the formation and propagation of pathological α-synuclein and protects against neurodegeneration induced by PFF. Collectively, these findings support the potential of miR-7 as a disease modifying biologic agent for Parkinson's disease and related α-synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- RWJMS Institute for Neurological Therapeutics and Department of Neurology, Rutgers - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 683 Hoes Lane West, Room 180, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Mengyuan Zhao
- RWJMS Institute for Neurological Therapeutics and Department of Neurology, Rutgers - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 683 Hoes Lane West, Room 180, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Run Yan
- RWJMS Institute for Neurological Therapeutics and Department of Neurology, Rutgers - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 683 Hoes Lane West, Room 180, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Current address: Sanyou Biopharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., 3rd Floor, Building 6B-C, No. 188 Xinjunhuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 201114, China
| | - Jun Liu
- RWJMS Institute for Neurological Therapeutics and Department of Neurology, Rutgers - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 683 Hoes Lane West, Room 180, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Santhosh Maddila
- RWJMS Institute for Neurological Therapeutics and Department of Neurology, Rutgers - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 683 Hoes Lane West, Room 180, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Eunsung Junn
- RWJMS Institute for Neurological Therapeutics and Department of Neurology, Rutgers - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 683 Hoes Lane West, Room 180, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - M Maral Mouradian
- RWJMS Institute for Neurological Therapeutics and Department of Neurology, Rutgers - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 683 Hoes Lane West, Room 180, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
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34
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Carbenoxolon Is Capable to Regulate the Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore Opening in Chronic Alcohol Intoxication. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910249. [PMID: 34638588 PMCID: PMC8549702 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: carbenoxolone, which is a derivative of glyceretic acid, is actively used in pharmacology for the treatment of diseases of various etiologies. In addition, we have shown carbenoxolone as an effective inducer of mitochondrial permeability transition pore in rat brain and liver mitochondria. Methods: in the course of this work, comparative studies were carried out on the effect of carbenoxolone on the parameters of mPTP functioning in mitochondria isolated from the liver of control and alcoholic rats. Results: within the framework of this work, it was found that carbenoxolone significantly increased its effect in the liver mitochondria of rats with chronic intoxication. In particular, this was expressed in a reduction in the lag phase, a decrease in the threshold calcium concentration required to open a pore, an acceleration of high-amplitude cyclosporin-sensitive swelling of mitochondria, as well as an increase in the effect of carbenoxolone on the level of mitochondrial membrane-bound proteins. Thus, as a result of the studies carried out, it was shown that carbenoxolone is involved in the development/modulation of alcohol tolerance and dependence in rats.
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35
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Xu S, Zhang X, Liu C, Liu Q, Chai H, Luo Y, Li S. Role of Mitochondria in Neurodegenerative Diseases: From an Epigenetic Perspective. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:688789. [PMID: 34513831 PMCID: PMC8429841 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.688789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria, the centers of energy metabolism, have been shown to participate in epigenetic regulation of neurodegenerative diseases. Epigenetic modification of nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial proteins has an impact on mitochondria homeostasis, including mitochondrial biogenesis, and quality, which plays role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. On the other hand, intermediate metabolites regulated by mitochondria such as acetyl-CoA and NAD+, in turn, may regulate nuclear epigenome as the substrate for acetylation and a cofactor of deacetylation, respectively. Thus, mitochondria are involved in epigenetic regulation through bidirectional communication between mitochondria and nuclear, which may provide a new strategy for neurodegenerative diseases treatment. In addition, emerging evidence has suggested that the abnormal modification of mitochondria DNA contributes to disease development through mitochondria dysfunction. In this review, we provide an overview of how mitochondria are involved in epigenetic regulation and discuss the mechanisms of mitochondria in regulation of neurodegenerative diseases from epigenetic perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sutong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiulu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huazhen Chai
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuping Luo
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Siguang Li
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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36
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Chen Z, Rasheed M, Deng Y. The epigenetic mechanisms involved in mitochondrial dysfunction: Implication for Parkinson's disease. Brain Pathol 2021; 32:e13012. [PMID: 34414627 PMCID: PMC9048811 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.13012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the crucial factors involved in PD’s pathogenicity, which emerges from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. These factors cause differential molecular expression in neurons, such as varied transcriptional regulation of genes, elevated oxidative stress, α‐synuclein aggregation and endogenous neurotoxins release, which induces epigenetic modifications and triggers energy crisis by damaging mitochondria of the dopaminergic neurons (DN). So far, these events establish a complicated relationship with underlying mechanisms of mitochondrial anomalies in PD, which has remained unclear for years and made PD diagnosis and treatment extremely difficult. Therefore, in this review, we endeavored to discuss the complex association of epigenetic modifications and other associated vital factors in mitochondrial dysfunction. We propose a hypothesis that describes a vicious cycle in which mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress act as a hub for regulating DA neuron's fate in PD. Oxidative stress triggers the release of endogenous neurotoxins (CTIQs) that lead to mitochondrial dysfunction along with abnormal α‐synuclein aggregation and epigenetic modifications. These disturbances further intensify oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage, amplifying the synthesis of CTIQs and works vice versa. This vicious cycle may result in the degeneration of DN to hallmark Parkinsonism. Furthermore, we have also highlighted various endogenous compounds and epigenetic marks (neurotoxic and neuroprotective), which may help for devising future diagnostic biomarkers and target specific drugs using novel PD management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Chen
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Madiha Rasheed
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yulin Deng
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
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37
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MicroRNA-7 promotes motor function recovery following spinal cord injury in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 573:80-85. [PMID: 34399097 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating neurological condition for which there are no effective therapies. Following an initial injury, there is a cascade of multiple downstream events termed secondary injury. Thus, therapeutic approaches targeting a single pathway may not offer the best solution for treating SCI. One of the most attractive properties of microRNAs (miR) as potential therapeutics is that they are highly effective in regulating complex biological pathways by targeting multiple genes and pathways. The current study investigated the role of miR-7-5p (miR-7), which was previously shown to have neuroprotective functions, in promoting motor function recovery following SCI. We used an adeno-associated virus 1 (AAV1) vector to deliver the gene encoding miR-7 to the spinal cord of adult mice and found that this virus was mainly transduced into the neurons of the spinal cord. Transduction of AAV1-miR-7 improved hindlimb locomotor function following SCI over an 8-week observation period. This improvement was accompanied by reduced neuronal loss in the lesion. In addition, the beneficial effect of miR-7 was associated with enhanced levels of TH-positive axons in the lesion. Taken together, we suggest that miR-7 improves motor function recovery after SCI by protecting neuronal death and increasing axon levels. These findings suggest that miR-7 could be developed as a potential treatment for SCI in human.
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38
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Magrì A, Risiglione P, Caccamo A, Formicola B, Tomasello MF, Arrigoni C, Zimbone S, Guarino F, Re F, Messina A. Small Hexokinase 1 Peptide against Toxic SOD1 G93A Mitochondrial Accumulation in ALS Rescues the ATP-Related Respiration. Biomedicines 2021; 9:948. [PMID: 34440152 PMCID: PMC8392704 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in Cu/Zn Superoxide Dismutase (SOD1) gene represent one of the most common causes of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a fatal neurodegenerative disorder that specifically affects motor neurons (MNs). The dismutase-active SOD1 G93A mutant is responsible for the formation of toxic aggregates onto the mitochondrial surface, using the Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel 1 (VDAC1) as an anchor point to the organelle. VDAC1 is the master regulator of cellular bioenergetics and by binding to hexokinases (HKs) it controls apoptosis. In ALS, however, SOD1 G93A impairs VDAC1 activity and displaces HK1 from mitochondria, promoting organelle dysfunction, and cell death. Using an ALS cell model, we demonstrate that a small synthetic peptide derived from the HK1 sequence (NHK1) recovers the cell viability in a dose-response manner and the defective mitochondrial respiration profile relative to the ADP phosphorylation. This correlates with an unexpected increase of VDAC1 expression and a reduction of SOD1 mutant accumulation at the mitochondrial level. Overall, our findings provide important new insights into the development of therapeutic molecules to fight ALS and help to better define the link between altered mitochondrial metabolism and MNs death in the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Magrì
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.M.); (S.Z.)
- we.MitoBiotech S.R.L., C.so Italia 172, 95125 Catania, Italy;
| | - Pierpaolo Risiglione
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Antonella Caccamo
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Beatrice Formicola
- BioNanoMedicine Center NANOMIB, School of Medicine & Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy; (B.F.); (F.R.)
| | | | - Cristina Arrigoni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Stefania Zimbone
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.M.); (S.Z.)
| | - Francesca Guarino
- we.MitoBiotech S.R.L., C.so Italia 172, 95125 Catania, Italy;
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Francesca Re
- BioNanoMedicine Center NANOMIB, School of Medicine & Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy; (B.F.); (F.R.)
| | - Angela Messina
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.M.); (S.Z.)
- we.MitoBiotech S.R.L., C.so Italia 172, 95125 Catania, Italy;
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39
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Cheng H, Yang B, Ke T, Li S, Yang X, Aschner M, Chen P. Mechanisms of Metal-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Neurological Disorders. TOXICS 2021; 9:142. [PMID: 34204190 PMCID: PMC8235163 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9060142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Metals are actively involved in multiple catalytic physiological activities. However, metal overload may result in neurotoxicity as it increases formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and elevates oxidative stress in the nervous system. Mitochondria are a key target of metal-induced toxicity, given their role in energy production. As the brain consumes a large amount of energy, mitochondrial dysfunction and the subsequent decrease in levels of ATP may significantly disrupt brain function, resulting in neuronal cell death and ensuing neurological disorders. Here, we address contemporary studies on metal-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and its impact on the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Cheng
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; (H.C.); (X.Y.)
| | - Bobo Yang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (B.Y.); (T.K.)
| | - Tao Ke
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (B.Y.); (T.K.)
| | - Shaojun Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China;
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; (H.C.); (X.Y.)
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (B.Y.); (T.K.)
| | - Pan Chen
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (B.Y.); (T.K.)
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40
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Zhang GQ, Wang SQ, Chen Y, Fu LY, Xu YN, Li L, Tao L, Shen XC. MicroRNAs Regulating Mitochondrial Function in Cardiac Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:663322. [PMID: 34122082 PMCID: PMC8194257 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.663322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the key organelles that supply cellular energy. As the most active organ in the body, the energy required to maintain the mechanical function of the heart requires a high quantity of high-quality mitochondria in cardiomyocytes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded noncoding RNAs, approximately 22 nt in length, which play key roles in mediating post-transcriptional gene silencing. Numerous studies have confirmed that miRNAs can participate in the occurrence and development of cardiac diseases by regulating mitochondrial function-related genes and signaling pathways. Therefore, elucidating the crosstalk that occurs between miRNAs and mitochondria is important for the prevention and treatment of cardiac diseases. In this review, we discuss the biogenesis of miRNAs, the miRNA-mediated regulation of major genes involved in the maintenance of mitochondrial function, and the effects of miRNAs on mitochondrial function in cardiac diseases in order to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical prevention and treatment of cardiac disease and the development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Qiong Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Sheng-Quan Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Yan Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Ling-Yun Fu
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Yi-Ni Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Ling Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Ling Tao
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiang-Chun Shen
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
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41
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Alpha-Synuclein and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease: The Emerging Role of VDAC. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11050718. [PMID: 34064816 PMCID: PMC8170894 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha-Synuclein (αSyn) is a protein whose function is still debated, as well as its role in modulation of mitochondrial function in both physiological and pathological conditions. Mitochondrial porins or Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel (VDAC) proteins are the main gates for ADP/ATP and various substrates towards the organelle. Furthermore, they act as a mitochondrial hub for many cytosolic proteins, including αSyn. This review analyzes the main aspects of αSyn-mitochondria interaction, focusing on the role of VDAC and its emerging involvement in the pathological processes.
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42
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Korać P, Antica M, Matulić M. MiR-7 in Cancer Development. Biomedicines 2021; 9:325. [PMID: 33806891 PMCID: PMC8004586 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9030325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNA involved in the regulation of specific mRNA translation. They participate in cellular signaling circuits and can act as oncogenes in tumor development, so-called oncomirs, as well as tumor suppressors. miR-7 is an ancient miRNA involved in the fine-tuning of several signaling pathways, acting mainly as tumor suppressor. Through downregulation of PI3K and MAPK pathways, its dominant role is the suppression of proliferation and survival, stimulation of apoptosis and inhibition of migration. Besides these functions, it has numerous additional roles in the differentiation process of different cell types, protection from stress and chromatin remodulation. One of the most investigated tissues is the brain, where its downregulation is linked with glioblastoma cell proliferation. Its deregulation is found also in other tumor types, such as in liver, lung and pancreas. In some types of lung and oral carcinoma, it can act as oncomir. miR-7 roles in cell fate determination and maintenance of cell homeostasis are still to be discovered, as well as the possibilities of its use as a specific biotherapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Korać
- Department of Biology, Division of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Mariastefania Antica
- Division of Molecular Biology, Rudjer Bosković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Maja Matulić
- Department of Biology, Division of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
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43
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Purohit PK, Saini N. Mitochondrial microRNA (MitomiRs) in cancer and complex mitochondrial diseases: current status and future perspectives. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:1405-1421. [PMID: 33084945 PMCID: PMC11072739 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03670-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are not only important for cellular bioenergetics but also lie at the heart of critical metabolic pathways. They can rapidly adjust themselves in response to changing conditions and the metabolic needs of the cell. Mitochondrial involvement as well as its dysfunction has been found to be associated with variety of pathological processes and diseases. mitomiRs are class of miRNA(s) that regulate mitochondrial gene expression and function. This review sheds light on the role of mitomiRs in regulating different biological processes-mitochondrial dynamics, oxidative stress, cell metabolism, chemoresistance, apoptosis,and their relevance in metabolic diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer. Insilico analysis of predicted targets of mitomiRs targeting energy metabolism identified several significantly altered pathways (needs in vivo validations) that may provide a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of human diseases. Last part of the review discusses about the clinical aspects of miRNA(s) and mitomiRs in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paresh Kumar Purohit
- Functional Genomics Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
| | - Neeru Saini
- Functional Genomics Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India.
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44
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Rottenberg H, Hoek JB. The Mitochondrial Permeability Transition: Nexus of Aging, Disease and Longevity. Cells 2021; 10:cells10010079. [PMID: 33418876 PMCID: PMC7825081 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The activity of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, mPTP, a highly regulated multi-component mega-channel, is enhanced in aging and in aging-driven degenerative diseases. mPTP activity accelerates aging by releasing large amounts of cell-damaging reactive oxygen species, Ca2+ and NAD+. The various pathways that control the channel activity, directly or indirectly, can therefore either inhibit or accelerate aging or retard or enhance the progression of aging-driven degenerative diseases and determine lifespan and healthspan. Autophagy, a catabolic process that removes and digests damaged proteins and organelles, protects the cell against aging and disease. However, the protective effect of autophagy depends on mTORC2/SKG1 inhibition of mPTP. Autophagy is inhibited in aging cells. Mitophagy, a specialized form of autophagy, which retards aging by removing mitochondrial fragments with activated mPTP, is also inhibited in aging cells, and this inhibition leads to increased mPTP activation, which is a major contributor to neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. The increased activity of mPTP in aging turns autophagy/mitophagy into a destructive process leading to cell aging and death. Several drugs and lifestyle modifications that enhance healthspan and lifespan enhance autophagy and inhibit the activation of mPTP. Therefore, elucidating the intricate connections between pathways that activate and inhibit mPTP, in the context of aging and degenerative diseases, could enhance the discovery of new drugs and lifestyle modifications that slow aging and degenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagai Rottenberg
- New Hope Biomedical R&D, 23 W. Bridge street, New Hope, PA 18938, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-267-614-5588
| | - Jan B. Hoek
- MitoCare Center, Department of Anatomy, Pathology and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA;
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45
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Fricova D, Harsanyiova J, Kralova Trancikova A. Alpha-Synuclein in the Gastrointestinal Tract as a Potential Biomarker for Early Detection of Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8666. [PMID: 33212934 PMCID: PMC7698349 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary pathogenesis associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) occurs in peripheral tissues several years before the onset of typical motor symptoms. Early and reliable diagnosis of PD could provide new treatment options for PD patients and improve their quality of life. At present, however, diagnosis relies mainly on clinical symptoms, and definitive diagnosis is still based on postmortem pathological confirmation of dopaminergic neuronal degeneration. In addition, the similarity of the clinical, cognitive, and neuropathological features of PD with other neurodegenerative diseases calls for new biomarkers, suitable for differential diagnosis. Alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) is a potential PD biomarker, due to its close connection with the pathogenesis of the disease. Here we summarize the currently available information on the possible use of α-Syn as a biomarker of early stages of PD in gastrointestinal (GI) tissues, highlight its potential to distinguish PD and other neurodegenerative diseases, and suggest alternative methods (primarily developed for other tissue analysis) that could improve α-Syn detection procedures or diagnostic methods in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Fricova
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 814 38 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Jana Harsanyiova
- Department of Pathophysiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University, 814 99 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Alzbeta Kralova Trancikova
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University, 814 99 Bratislava, Slovakia
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46
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Various Aspects of Calcium Signaling in the Regulation of Apoptosis, Autophagy, Cell Proliferation, and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218323. [PMID: 33171939 PMCID: PMC7664196 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) is a major second messenger in cells and is essential for the fate and survival of all higher organisms. Different Ca2+ channels, pumps, or exchangers regulate variations in the duration and levels of intracellular Ca2+, which may be transient or sustained. These changes are then decoded by an elaborate toolkit of Ca2+-sensors, which translate Ca2+ signal to intracellular operational cell machinery, thereby regulating numerous Ca2+-dependent physiological processes. Alterations to Ca2+ homoeostasis and signaling are often deleterious and are associated with certain pathological states, including cancer. Altered Ca2+ transmission has been implicated in a variety of processes fundamental for the uncontrolled proliferation and invasiveness of tumor cells and other processes important for cancer progression, such as the development of resistance to cancer therapies. Here, we review what is known about Ca2+ signaling and how this fundamental second messenger regulates life and death decisions in the context of cancer, with particular attention directed to cell proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy. We also explore the intersections of Ca2+ and the therapeutic targeting of cancer cells, summarizing the therapeutic opportunities for Ca2+ signal modulators to improve the effectiveness of current anticancer therapies.
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47
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Shoshan-Barmatz V, Shteinfer-Kuzmine A, Verma A. VDAC1 at the Intersection of Cell Metabolism, Apoptosis, and Diseases. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1485. [PMID: 33114780 PMCID: PMC7693975 DOI: 10.3390/biom10111485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1) protein, is an important regulator of mitochondrial function, and serves as a mitochondrial gatekeeper, with responsibility for cellular fate. In addition to control over energy sources and metabolism, the protein also regulates epigenomic elements and apoptosis via mediating the release of apoptotic proteins from the mitochondria. Apoptotic and pathological conditions, as well as certain viruses, induce cell death by inducing VDAC1 overexpression leading to oligomerization, and the formation of a large channel within the VDAC1 homo-oligomer. This then permits the release of pro-apoptotic proteins from the mitochondria and subsequent apoptosis. Mitochondrial DNA can also be released through this channel, which triggers type-Ι interferon responses. VDAC1 also participates in endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mitochondria cross-talk, and in the regulation of autophagy, and inflammation. Its location in the outer mitochondrial membrane, makes VDAC1 ideally placed to interact with over 100 proteins, and to orchestrate the interaction of mitochondrial and cellular activities through a number of signaling pathways. Here, we provide insights into the multiple functions of VDAC1 and describe its involvement in several diseases, which demonstrate the potential of this protein as a druggable target in a wide variety of pathologies, including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varda Shoshan-Barmatz
- Department of Life Sciences and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (A.S.-K.); (A.V.)
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48
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Naumova N, Šachl R. Regulation of Cell Death by Mitochondrial Transport Systems of Calcium and Bcl-2 Proteins. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:E299. [PMID: 33096926 PMCID: PMC7590060 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10100299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria represent the fundamental system for cellular energy metabolism, by not only supplying energy in the form of ATP, but also by affecting physiology and cell death via the regulation of calcium homeostasis and the activity of Bcl-2 proteins. A lot of research has recently been devoted to understanding the interplay between Bcl-2 proteins, the regulation of these interactions within the cell, and how these interactions lead to the changes in calcium homeostasis. However, the role of Bcl-2 proteins in the mediation of mitochondrial calcium homeostasis, and therefore the induction of cell death pathways, remain underestimated and are still not well understood. In this review, we first summarize our knowledge about calcium transport systems in mitochondria, which, when miss-regulated, can induce necrosis. We continue by reviewing and analyzing the functions of Bcl-2 proteins in apoptosis. Finally, we link these two regulatory mechanisms together, exploring the interactions between the mitochondrial Ca2+ transport systems and Bcl-2 proteins, both capable of inducing cell death, with the potential to determine the cell death pathway-either the apoptotic or the necrotic one.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Radek Šachl
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 182 23 Prague, Czech Republic;
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49
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A systematic review of post-translational modifications in the mitochondrial permeability transition pore complex associated with cardiac diseases. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1867:165992. [PMID: 33091565 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening is involved in the pathophysiology of multiple cardiac diseases, such as ischemia/reperfusion injury and heart failure. A growing number of evidence provided by proteomic screening techniques has demonstrated the role of post-translational modifications (PTMs) in several key components of the pore in response to changes in the extra/intracellular environment and bioenergetic demand. This could lead to a fine, complex regulatory mechanism that, under pathological conditions, can shift the state of mitochondrial functions and, thus, the cell's fate. Understanding the complex relationship between these PTMs is still under investigation and can provide new, promising therapeutic targets and treatment approaches. This review, using a systematic review of the literature, presents the current knowledge on PTMs of the mPTP and their role in health and cardiac disease.
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50
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Genovese I, Vezzani B, Danese A, Modesti L, Vitto VAM, Corazzi V, Pelucchi S, Pinton P, Giorgi C. Mitochondria as the decision makers for cancer cell fate: from signaling pathways to therapeutic strategies. Cell Calcium 2020; 92:102308. [PMID: 33096320 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2020.102308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
As pivotal players in cellular metabolism, mitochondria have a double-faceted role in the final decision of cell fate. This is true for all cell types, but it is even more important and intriguing in the cancer setting. Mitochondria regulate cell fate in many diverse ways: through metabolism, by producing ATP and other metabolites deemed vital or detrimental for cancer cells; through the regulation of Ca2+ homeostasis, especially by the joint participation of the endoplasmic reticulum in a membranous tethering system for Ca2+ signaling called mitochondria-ER associated membranes (MAMs); and by regulating signaling pathways involved in the survival of cancer cells such as mitophagy. Recent studies have shown that mitochondria can also play a role in the regulation of inflammatory pathways in cancer cells, for example, through the release of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) involved in the activation of the cGAS-cGAMP-STING pathway. In this review, we aim to explore the role of mitochondria as decision makers in fostering cancer cell death or survival depending on the tumor cell stage and describe novel anticancer therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Genovese
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Bianca Vezzani
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alberto Danese
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Modesti
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Veronica Angela Maria Vitto
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Virginia Corazzi
- ENT & Audiology Department, University Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefano Pelucchi
- ENT & Audiology Department, University Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carlotta Giorgi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
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