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Ren S, Liang P, Feng R, Yang W, Qiu T, Zhang J, Li Q, Yang G, Sun X, Yao X. The phosphorylation of Smad3 by CaMKIIγ leads to the hepatocyte pyroptosis under perfluorooctane sulfonate exposure. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 284:116924. [PMID: 39181077 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is a persistent organic pollutant and accumulated in the liver of mammals. PFOS exposure is closely associated with the development of pyroptosis. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism is unclear. We found here that PFOS induced pyroptosis in the mice liver and L-02 cells as demonstrated by activation of the NOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome, gasdermin D cleavage and increased release of interleukin-1β and interleukin-18. The level of cytoplasmic calcium was accelerated in hepatocytes upon exposure to PFOS. The phosphorylated/activated form of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) was augmented by PFOS in vivo and in vitro. PFOS-induced pyroptosis was relieved by CaMKII inhibitor. Among various CaMKII subtypes, we identified that CaMKIIγ was activated specifically by PFOS. CaMKIIγ interacted with Smad family member 3 (Smad3) under PFOS exposure. PFOS increased the phosphorylation of Smad3, and CaMKII inhibitor or CaMKIIγ siRNA alleviated PFOS-caused phosphorylation of Smad3. Inhibiting Smad3 activity was found to alleviate PFOS-induced hepatocyte pyroptosis. This study puts forward that CaMKIIγ-Smad3 is the linkage between calcium homeostasis disturbance and pyroptosis, providing a mechanistic explanation for PFOS-induced pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Ren
- Department of Occupation and Environment Health, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lvshun South Road, Dalian, China
| | - Peiyao Liang
- Department of Occupation and Environment Health, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lvshun South Road, Dalian, China
| | - Ruzhen Feng
- Department of Occupation and Environment Health, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lvshun South Road, Dalian, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Occupation and Environment Health, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lvshun South Road, Dalian, China
| | - Tianming Qiu
- Department of Occupation and Environment Health, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lvshun South Road, Dalian, China.
| | - Jingyuan Zhang
- Department of Occupation and Environment Health, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lvshun South Road, Dalian, China
| | - Qiujuan Li
- Department of Nutrition, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lvshun South Road, Dalian, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Nutrition, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lvshun South Road, Dalian, China
| | - Xiance Sun
- Department of Occupation and Environment Health, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lvshun South Road, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yao
- Department of Occupation and Environment Health, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lvshun South Road, Dalian, China.
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He Y, Yang X, Wu N. TGF β1, SNAIL2, and PAPP-A Expression in Placenta of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Patients. J Diabetes Res 2024; 2024:1386469. [PMID: 39109165 PMCID: PMC11303042 DOI: 10.1155/2024/1386469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a pregnancy-related diabetic condition that may cause serious complications. However, its pathogenesis remains unclear. Placental damage due to GDM may lead to several health issues that cannot be ignored. Thus, we aimed to identify the mechanisms underlying GDM by screening differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to vascular endothelial cells in the GDM databases and verify the expression of these DEGs in the placentas of women afflicted by GDM. Methods: We used GDM microarray datasets integrated from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Functional annotation and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analyses were used to screen DEGs. Placental tissues from 20 pregnant women with GDM and 20 healthy pregnant women were collected, and differential gene expression in the placental tissues was verified via qRT-PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence. Results: Bioinformatics analysis revealed three significant DEGs: SNAIL2, PAPP-A, and TGFβ1. These genes were all predicted to be underexpressed in patients with GDM. The results of qRT-PCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence analyses indicated that SNAIL2 and PAPP-A in the placenta tissue of patients with GDM were significantly underexpressed. However, TGFβ1 in the placenta tissues of GDM was significantly overexpressed. Conclusion: SNAIL2, TGFβ1, and PAPP-A may affect the placentas of pregnant women with GDM, warranting further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing He
- Department of EndocrinologyShengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
- School of Life ScienceLiaoning University, 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Xiyao Yang
- Department of EndocrinologyShengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Na Wu
- Department of EndocrinologyShengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
- Department of PediatricsShengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
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3
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Szalanczy AM, Sherrill C, Fanning KM, Hart B, Caudell D, Davis AW, Whitfield J, Kavanagh K. A Novel TGFβ Receptor Inhibitor, IPW-5371, Prevents Diet-induced Hepatic Steatosis and Insulin Resistance in Irradiated Mice. Radiat Res 2024; 202:1-10. [PMID: 38772553 DOI: 10.1667/rade-23-00202.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
As the number of cancer survivors increases and the risk of accidental radiation exposure rises, there is a pressing need to characterize the delayed effects of radiation exposure and develop medical countermeasures. Radiation has been shown to damage adipose progenitor cells and increase liver fibrosis, such that it predisposes patients to developing metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and insulin resistance. The risk of developing these conditions is compounded by the global rise of diets rich in carbohydrates and fats. Radiation persistently increases the signaling cascade of transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), leading to heightened fibrosis as characteristic of the delayed effects of radiation exposure. We investigate here a potential radiation medical countermeasure, IPW-5371, a small molecule inhibitor of TGFβRI kinase (ALK5). We found that mice exposed to sub-lethal whole-body irradiation and chronic Western diet consumption but treated with IPW-5371 had a similar body weight, food consumption, and fat mass compared to control mice exposed to radiation. The IPW-5371 treated mice maintained lower fibrosis and fat accumulation in the liver, were more responsive to insulin and had lower circulating triglycerides and better muscle endurance. Future studies are needed to verify the improvement by IPW-5371 on the structure and function of other metabolically active tissues such as adipose and skeletal muscle, but these data demonstrate that IPW-5371 protects liver and whole-body health in rodents exposed to radiation and a Western diet, and there may be promise in using IPW-5371 to prevent the development of MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandria M Szalanczy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Chrissy Sherrill
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Katherine M Fanning
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Barry Hart
- Innovation Pathways, Palo Alto, California
| | - David Caudell
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Ashley W Davis
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Jordyn Whitfield
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Kylie Kavanagh
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
- College of Health and Medicine, University o f Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia
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Barroso E, Jurado-Aguilar J, Wahli W, Palomer X, Vázquez-Carrera M. Increased hepatic gluconeogenesis and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024:S1043-2760(24)00124-3. [PMID: 38816269 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Abnormally increased hepatic gluconeogenesis is a significant contributor to hyperglycemia in the fasting state in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) due to insulin resistance. Metformin, the most prescribed drug for the treatment of T2DM, is believed to exert its effect mainly by reducing hepatic gluconeogenesis. Here, we discuss how increased hepatic gluconeogenesis contributes to T2DM and we review newly revealed mechanisms underlying the attenuation of gluconeogenesis by metformin. In addition, we analyze the recent findings on new determinants involved in the regulation of gluconeogenesis, which might ultimately lead to the identification of novel and targeted treatment strategies for T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Barroso
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Pediatric Research Institute-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, 08950, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Jurado-Aguilar
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Pediatric Research Institute-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, 08950, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Walter Wahli
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore 308232; ToxAlim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, UMR1331, F-31300 Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Xavier Palomer
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Pediatric Research Institute-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, 08950, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Vázquez-Carrera
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Pediatric Research Institute-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, 08950, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
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Nahalka J. 1-L Transcription of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein S1 Subunit. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4440. [PMID: 38674024 PMCID: PMC11049929 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic prompted rapid research on SARS-CoV-2 pathogenicity. Consequently, new data can be used to advance the molecular understanding of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The present bioinformatics study discusses the "spikeopathy" at the molecular level and focuses on the possible post-transcriptional regulation of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein S1 subunit in the host cell/tissue. A theoretical protein-RNA recognition code was used to check the compatibility of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein S1 subunit with mRNAs in the human transcriptome (1-L transcription). The principle for this method is elucidated on the defined RNA binding protein GEMIN5 (gem nuclear organelle-associated protein 5) and RNU2-1 (U2 spliceosomal RNA). Using the method described here, it was shown that 45% of the genes/proteins identified by 1-L transcription of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein S1 subunit are directly linked to COVID-19, 39% are indirectly linked to COVID-19, and 16% cannot currently be associated with COVID-19. The identified genes/proteins are associated with stroke, diabetes, and cardiac injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jozef Nahalka
- Institute of Chemistry, Centre for Glycomics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, SK-84538 Bratislava, Slovakia;
- Institute of Chemistry, Centre of Excellence for White-Green Biotechnology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Trieda Andreja Hlinku 2, SK-94976 Nitra, Slovakia
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Jurado-Aguilar J, Barroso E, Bernard M, Zhang M, Peyman M, Rada P, Valverde ÁM, Wahli W, Palomer X, Vázquez-Carrera M. GDF15 activates AMPK and inhibits gluconeogenesis and fibrosis in the liver by attenuating the TGF-β1/SMAD3 pathway. Metabolism 2024; 152:155772. [PMID: 38176644 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2023.155772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The levels of the cellular energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) have been reported to be decreased via unknown mechanisms in the liver of mice deficient in growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15). This stress response cytokine regulates energy metabolism mainly by reducing food intake through its hindbrain receptor GFRAL. OBJECTIVE To examine how GDF15 regulates AMPK. METHODS Wild-type and Gdf15-/- mice, mouse primary hepatocytes and the human hepatic cell line Huh-7 were used. RESULTS Gdf15-/- mice showed glucose intolerance, reduced hepatic phosphorylated AMPK levels, increased levels of phosphorylated mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 (SMAD3; a mediator of the fibrotic response), elevated serum levels of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, as well as upregulated gluconeogenesis and fibrosis. In line with these observations, recombinant (r)GDF15 promoted AMPK activation and reduced the levels of phosphorylated SMAD3 and the markers of gluconeogenesis and fibrosis in the liver of mice and in mouse primary hepatocytes, suggesting that these effects may be independent of GFRAL. Pharmacological inhibition of SMAD3 phosphorylation in Gdf15-/- mice prevented glucose intolerance, the deactivation of AMPK and the increase in the levels of proteins involved in gluconeogenesis and fibrosis, suggesting that overactivation of the TGF-β1/SMAD3 pathway is responsible for the metabolic alterations in Gdf15-/- mice. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these findings indicate that GDF15 activates AMPK and inhibits gluconeogenesis and fibrosis by lowering the activity of the TGF-β1/SMAD3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Jurado-Aguilar
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Pediatric Research Institute-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Emma Barroso
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Pediatric Research Institute-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Maribel Bernard
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Pediatric Research Institute-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Meijian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Pediatric Research Institute-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Mona Peyman
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Pediatric Research Institute-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Patricia Rada
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC/UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángela M Valverde
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC/UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Walter Wahli
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore 308232; ToxAlim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, UMR1331, F-31300 Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Xavier Palomer
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Pediatric Research Institute-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Manuel Vázquez-Carrera
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Pediatric Research Institute-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain.
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Pan Q, Ai W, Guo S. TGF-β1 Signaling Impairs Metformin Action on Glycemic Control. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2424. [PMID: 38397103 PMCID: PMC10889280 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia is a hallmark of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Metformin, the first-line drug used to treat T2D, maintains blood glucose within a normal range by suppressing hepatic glucose production (HGP). However, resistance to metformin treatment is developed in most T2D patients over time. Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) levels are elevated both in the liver and serum of T2D humans and mice. Here, we found that TGF-β1 treatment impairs metformin action on suppressing HGP via inhibiting AMPK phosphorylation at Threonine 172 (T172). Hepatic TGF-β1 deficiency improves metformin action on glycemic control in high fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. In our hepatic insulin resistant mouse model (hepatic insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) and IRS2 double knockout (DKO)), metformin action on glycemic control was impaired, which is largely improved by further deletion of hepatic TGF-β1 (TKObeta1) or hepatic Foxo1 (TKOfoxo1). Moreover, blockade of TGF-β1 signaling by chemical inhibitor of TGF-β1 type I receptor LY2157299 improves to metformin sensitivity in mice. Taken together, our current study suggests that hepatic TGF-β1 signaling impairs metformin action on glycemic control, and suppression of TGF-β1 signaling could serve as part of combination therapy with metformin for T2D treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shaodong Guo
- Department of Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (Q.P.); (W.A.)
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Gao M, Liu X, Gu H, Xu H, Zhong W, Wei X, Zhong X. Association between single nucleotide polymorphisms, TGF-β1 promoter methylation, and polycystic ovary syndrome. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2024; 24:5. [PMID: 38166771 PMCID: PMC10759533 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-06210-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine and metabolic disease in women. Hyperandrogenaemia (HA) and insulin resistance (IR) are the basic pathophysiological characteristics of PCOS. The aetiology of PCOS has not been fully identified and is generally believed to be related to the combined effects of genetic, metabolic, internal, and external factors. Current studies have not screened for PCOS susceptibility genes in a large population. Here, we aimed to study the effect of TGF-β1 methylation on the clinical PCOS phenotype. METHODS In this study, three generations of family members with PCOS with IR as the main characteristic were selected as research subjects. Through whole exome sequencing and bioinformatic analysis, TGF-β1 was screened as the PCOS susceptibility gene in this family. The epigenetic DNA methylation level of TGF-β1 in peripheral blood was detected by heavy sulfite sequencing in patients with PCOS clinically characterised by IR, and the correlation between the DNA methylation level of the TGF-β1 gene and IR was analysed. We explored whether the degree of methylation of this gene affects IR and whether it participates in the occurrence and development of PCOS. RESULTS The results of this study suggest that the hypomethylation of the CpG4 and CpG7 sites in the TGF-β1 gene promoter may be involved in the pathogenesis of PCOS IR by affecting the expression of the TGF-β1 gene. CONCLUSIONS This study provides new insights into the aetiology and pathogenesis of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengge Gao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute (Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital), Guangzhou, China
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, China
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Huadu District People's Hospital, 48 Xinhua Road, Huadu, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510800, China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute (Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Heng Gu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute (Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Hang Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute (Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital), Guangzhou, China
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, China
| | - Wenyao Zhong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute (Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangcai Wei
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, China.
- Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xingming Zhong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute (Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital), Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, China.
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9
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Mu HY, Lin CM, Chu LA, Lin YH, Li J, Liu CY, Huang HC, Cheng SL, Lee TY, Lee HM, Chen HM, Tsai YJ, Chen Y, Huang JH. Ex Vivo Evaluation of Combination Immunotherapy Using Tumor-Microenvironment-on-Chip. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2302268. [PMID: 37748773 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Combination immunotherapy has emerged as a promising strategy to address the challenges associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in breast cancer. The efficacy of combination immunotherapy hinges upon the intricate and dynamic nature of the tumor microenvironment (TME), characterized by cellular heterogeneity and molecular gradients. However, current methodologies for drug screening often fail to accurately replicate these complex conditions, resulting in limited predictive capacity for treatment outcomes. Here, a tumor-microenvironment-on-chip (TMoC), integrating a circulation system and ex vivo tissue culture with physiological oxygen and nutrient gradients, is described. This platform enables spatial infiltration of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells and their targeted attack on the tumor, while preserving the high complexity and heterogeneity of the TME. The TMoC is employed to assess the synergistic effect of five targeted therapy drugs and five chemotherapy drugs in combination with immunotherapy, demonstrating strong concordance between chip and animal model responses. The TMoC holds significant potential for advancing drug development and guiding clinical decision-making, as it offers valuable insights into the complex dynamics of the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsuan-Yu Mu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Min Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Li-An Chu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- Brain Research Center, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Hui Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Yu Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Chien Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Liang Cheng
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ying Lee
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Hsin Mei Lee
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Min Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Jen Tsai
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yunching Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Huang Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
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10
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Chen Y, Pan Q, Liao W, Ai W, Yang S, Guo S. Transcription Factor Forkhead Box O1 Mediates Transforming Growth Factor-β1-Induced Apoptosis in Hepatocytes. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2023; 193:1143-1155. [PMID: 37263346 PMCID: PMC10477955 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulation of hepatocyte apoptosis is associated with several types of chronic liver diseases. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is a well-known pro-apoptotic factor in the liver, which constitutes a receptor complex composed of TGF-β receptor I and II, along with transcription factor Smad proteins. As a member of the forkhead box O (Foxo) class of transcription factors, Foxo1 is a predominant regulator of hepatic glucose production and apoptosis. This study investigated the potential relationship between TGF-β1 signaling and Foxo1 in control of apoptosis in hepatocytes. TGF-β1 induced hepatocyte apoptosis in a Foxo1-dependent manner in hepatocytes isolated from both wild-type and liver-specific Foxo1 knockout mice. TGF-β1 activated protein kinase A through TGF-β receptor I-Smad3, followed by phosphorylation of Foxo1 at Ser273 in promotion of apoptosis in hepatocytes. Moreover, Smad3 overexpression in the liver of mice promoted the levels of phosphorylated Foxo1-S273, total Foxo1, and a Foxo1-target pro-apoptotic gene Bim, which eventually resulted in hepatocyte apoptosis. The study further demonstrated a crucial role of Foxo1-S273 phosphorylation in the pro-apoptotic effect of TGF-β1 by using hepatocytes isolated from Foxo1-S273A/A knock-in mice, in which the phosphorylation of Foxo1-S273 was disrupted. Taken together, this study established a novel role of TGF-β1→protein kinase A→Foxo1 signaling cascades in control of hepatocyte survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunmei Chen
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Quan Pan
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Wang Liao
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Weiqi Ai
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Sijun Yang
- Institute of Animal Model for Human Disease, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaodong Guo
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas.
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11
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Pan Q, Ai W, Chen Y, Kim DM, Shen Z, Yang W, Jiang W, Sun Y, Safe S, Guo S. Reciprocal Regulation of Hepatic TGF-β1 and Foxo1 Controls Gluconeogenesis and Energy Expenditure. Diabetes 2023; 72:1193-1206. [PMID: 37343276 PMCID: PMC10450826 DOI: 10.2337/db23-0180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Obesity and insulin resistance are risk factors for the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Here, we report that hepatic TGF-β1 expression positively correlates with obesity and insulin resistance in mice and humans. Hepatic TGF-β1 deficiency decreased blood glucose levels in lean mice and improved glucose and energy dysregulations in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice and diabetic mice. Conversely, overexpression of TGF-β1 in the liver exacerbated metabolic dysfunctions in DIO mice. Mechanistically, hepatic TGF-β1 and Foxo1 are reciprocally regulated: fasting or insulin resistance caused Foxo1 activation, increasing TGF-β1 expression, which, in turn, activated protein kinase A, stimulating Foxo1-S273 phosphorylation to promote Foxo1-mediated gluconeogenesis. Disruption of TGF-β1→Foxo1→TGF-β1 looping by deleting TGF-β1 receptor II in the liver or by blocking Foxo1-S273 phosphorylation ameliorated hyperglycemia and improved energy metabolism in adipose tissues. Taken together, our studies reveal that hepatic TGF-β1→Foxo1→TGF-β1 looping could be a potential therapeutic target for prevention and treatment of obesity and T2D. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS Hepatic TGF-β1 levels are increased in obese humans and mice. Hepatic TGF-β1 maintains glucose homeostasis in lean mice and causes glucose and energy dysregulations in obese and diabetic mice. Hepatic TGF-β1 exerts an autocrine effect to promote hepatic gluconeogenesis via cAMP-dependent protein kinase-mediated Foxo1 phosphorylation at serine 273, endocrine effects on brown adipose tissue action, and inguinal white adipose tissue browning (beige fat), causing energy imbalance in obese and insulin-resistant mice. TGF-β1→Foxo1→TGF-β1 looping in hepatocytes plays a critical role in controlling glucose and energy metabolism in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Pan
- Department of Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Weiqi Ai
- Department of Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Yunmei Chen
- Department of Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Da Mi Kim
- Department of Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Zheng Shen
- Department of Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Wanbao Yang
- Department of Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Wen Jiang
- Department of Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Yuxiang Sun
- Department of Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Stephen Safe
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Shaodong Guo
- Department of Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
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12
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Li J, Chen Z, Kim G, Luo J, Hori S, Wu C. Cathepsin W restrains peripheral regulatory T cells for mucosal immune quiescence. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf3924. [PMID: 37436991 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf3924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral regulatory T (pTreg) cells are a key T cell lineage for mucosal immune tolerance and anti-inflammatory responses, and interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) signaling is critical for Treg cell generation, expansion, and maintenance. The expression of IL-2R on pTreg cells is tightly regulated to ensure proper induction and function of pTreg cells without a clear molecular mechanism. We here demonstrate that Cathepsin W (CTSW), a cysteine proteinase highly induced in pTreg cells under transforming growth factor-β stimulation is essential for the restraint of pTreg cell differentiation in an intrinsic manner. Loss of CTSW results in elevated pTreg cell generation, protecting the animals from intestinal inflammation. Mechanistically, CTSW inhibits IL-2R signaling in pTreg cells by cytosolic interaction with and process of CD25, repressing signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 activation to restrain pTreg cell generation and maintenance. Hence, our data indicate that CTSW acts as a gatekeeper to calibrate pTreg cell differentiation and function for mucosal immune quiescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Zuojia Chen
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Girak Kim
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jialie Luo
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Shohei Hori
- Laboratory of Immunology and Microbiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Chuan Wu
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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13
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Cao Q, Shan H, Zhao J, Deng J, Xu M, Kang H, Li T, Zhao Y, Liu H, Jiang J. Liver fibrosis in fish research: From an immunological perspective. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 139:108885. [PMID: 37290612 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a pathological process whereby the liver is subjected to various acute and chronic injuries, resulting in the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), an imbalance of extracellular matrix generation and degradation, and deposition in the liver. This review article summarizes the current understanding of liver fibrosis in fish research. Liver fibrosis is a common pathological condition that occurs in fish raised in aquaculture. It is often associated with poor water quality, stressful conditions, and the presence of pathogens. The review describes the pathophysiology of liver fibrosis in fish, including the roles of various cells and molecules involved in the development and progression of the disease. The review also covers the various methods used to diagnose and assess the severity of liver fibrosis in fish, including histological analysis, biochemical markers, and imaging techniques. In addition, the article discusses the current treatment options for liver fibrosis in fish, including dietary interventions, pharmaceuticals, and probiotics. This review highlights the need for more in-depth research in this area to better understand the mechanisms by which liver fibrosis in fish occurs and to develop effective prevention and treatment strategies. Finally, improved management practices and the development of new treatments will be critical to the sustainability of aquaculture and the health of farmed fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanquan Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Hongying Shan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Ju Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jinhe Deng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Man Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Hao Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Tong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Ye Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Haifeng Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| | - Jun Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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14
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Zhang SY, Gao H, Askar A, Li XP, Zhang GC, Jing TZ, Zou H, Guan H, Zhao YH, Zou CS. Steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone disturbs fat body lipid metabolism and negatively regulates gluconeogenesis in Hyphantria cunea larvae. INSECT SCIENCE 2023; 30:771-788. [PMID: 36342157 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) has been described to regulate fat body lipid metabolism in insects, but its accurate regulatory mechanism, especially the crosstalk between 20E-induced lipid metabolism and gluconeogenesis remains largely unclear. Here, we specially investigated the effect of 20E on lipid metabolism and gluconeogenesis in the fat body of Hyphantria cunea larvae, a notorious pest in forestry. Lipidomics analysis showed that a total of 1 907 lipid species were identified in the fat body of H. cunea larvae assigned to 6 groups and 48 lipid classes. The differentially abundant lipids analysis showed a significant difference between 20E-treated and control samples, indicating that 20E caused a remarkable alteration of lipidomics profiles in the fat body of H. cunea larvae. Further studies demonstrated that 20E accelerated fatty acid β-oxidation, inhibited lipid synthesis, and promoted lipolysis. Meanwhile, the activities of pyruvate carboxylase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, and glucose-6-phosphatase were dramatically suppressed by 20E in the fat body of H. cunea larvae. As well, the transcriptions of genes encoding these 4 rate-limiting gluconeogenic enzymes were significantly downregulated in the fat body of H. cunea larvae after treatment with 20E. Taken together, our results revealed that 20E disturbed fat body lipid homeostasis, accelerated fatty acid β-oxidation and promoted lipolysis, but negatively regulated gluconeogenesis in H. cunea larvae. The findings might provide a new insight into hormonal regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism in insect fat body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Yu Zhang
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Han Gao
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Ankarjan Askar
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | | | - Guo-Cai Zhang
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Tian-Zhong Jing
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Hang Zou
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Hao Guan
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Yun-He Zhao
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Chuan-Shan Zou
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
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15
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Buyco DG, Dempsey JL, Scorletti E, Jeon S, Lin C, Harkin J, Bayen S, Furth EE, Martin J, Delima M, Hooks R, Sostre-Colón J, Gharib SA, Titchenell PM, Carr RM. Concomitant western diet and chronic-binge alcohol dysregulate hepatic metabolism. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281954. [PMID: 37134024 PMCID: PMC10155975 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS There is significant overlap between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) with regards to risk factors and disease progression. However, the mechanism by which fatty liver disease arises from concomitant obesity and overconsumption of alcohol (syndrome of metabolic and alcohol-associated fatty liver disease; SMAFLD), is not fully understood. METHODS Male C57BL6/J mice were fed chow diet (Chow) or high-fructose, high-fat, high-cholesterol diet (FFC) for 4 weeks, then administered either saline or ethanol (EtOH, 5% in drinking water) for another 12 weeks. The EtOH treatment also consisted of a weekly 2.5 g EtOH/kg body weight gavage. Markers for lipid regulation, oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis were measured by RT-qPCR, RNA-seq, Western blot, and metabolomics. RESULTS Combined FFC-EtOH induced more body weight gain, glucose intolerance, steatosis, and hepatomegaly compared to Chow, EtOH, or FFC. Glucose intolerance by FFC-EtOH was associated with decreased hepatic protein kinase B (AKT) protein expression and increased gluconeogenic gene expression. FFC-EtOH increased hepatic triglyceride and ceramide levels, plasma leptin levels, hepatic Perilipin 2 protein expression, and decreased lipolytic gene expression. FFC and FFC-EtOH also increased AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation. Finally, FFC-EtOH enriched the hepatic transcriptome for genes involved in immune response and lipid metabolism. CONCLUSIONS In our model of early SMAFLD, we observed that the combination of an obesogenic diet and alcohol caused more weight gain, promoted glucose intolerance, and contributed to steatosis by dysregulating leptin/AMPK signaling. Our model demonstrates that the combination of an obesogenic diet with a chronic-binge pattern alcohol intake is worse than either insult alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delfin Gerard Buyco
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Joseph L. Dempsey
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Eleonora Scorletti
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Sookyoung Jeon
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Chelsea Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Julia Harkin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Susovon Bayen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Emma E. Furth
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jasmin Martin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Monique Delima
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Royce Hooks
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jaimarie Sostre-Colón
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Sina A. Gharib
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Center for Lung Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Paul M. Titchenell
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Rotonya M. Carr
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
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16
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Shi L, Tao Z, Zheng L, Yang J, Hu X, Scott K, de Kloet A, Krause E, Collins JF, Cheng Z. FoxO1 regulates adipose transdifferentiation and iron influx by mediating Tgfβ1 signaling pathway. Redox Biol 2023; 63:102727. [PMID: 37156218 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose plasticity is critical for metabolic homeostasis. Adipocyte transdifferentiation plays an important role in adipose plasticity, but the molecular mechanism of transdifferentiation remains incompletely understood. Here we show that the transcription factor FoxO1 regulates adipose transdifferentiation by mediating Tgfβ1 signaling pathway. Tgfβ1 treatment induced whitening phenotype in beige adipocytes, reducing UCP1 and mitochondrial capacity and enlarging lipid droplets. Deletion of adipose FoxO1 (adO1KO) dampened Tgfβ1 signaling by downregulating Tgfbr2 and Smad3 and induced browning of adipose tissue in mice, increasing UCP1 and mitochondrial content and activating metabolic pathways. Silencing FoxO1 also abolished the whitening effect of Tgfβ1 on beige adipocytes. The adO1KO mice exhibited a significantly higher energy expenditure, lower fat mass, and smaller adipocytes than the control mice. The browning phenotype in adO1KO mice was associated with an increased iron content in adipose tissue, concurrent with upregulation of proteins that facilitate iron uptake (DMT1 and TfR1) and iron import into mitochondria (Mfrn1). Analysis of hepatic and serum iron along with hepatic iron-regulatory proteins (ferritin and ferroportin) in the adO1KO mice revealed an adipose tissue-liver crosstalk that meets the increased iron requirement for adipose browning. The FoxO1-Tgfβ1 signaling cascade also underlay adipose browning induced by β3-AR agonist CL316243. Our study provides the first evidence of a FoxO1-Tgfβ1 axis in the regulation of adipose browning-whitening transdifferentiation and iron influx, which sheds light on the compromised adipose plasticity in conditions of dysregulated FoxO1 and Tgfβ1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Shi
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA; Interdisciplinary Nutritional Sciences Doctoral Program, Center for Nutritional Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA; Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Zhipeng Tao
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA; Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Louise Zheng
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Jinying Yang
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA; Interdisciplinary Nutritional Sciences Doctoral Program, Center for Nutritional Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Xinran Hu
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Karen Scott
- Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA; Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL32610, USA
| | - Annette de Kloet
- Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA; Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Eric Krause
- Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA; Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL32610, USA
| | - James F Collins
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA; Interdisciplinary Nutritional Sciences Doctoral Program, Center for Nutritional Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Zhiyong Cheng
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA; Interdisciplinary Nutritional Sciences Doctoral Program, Center for Nutritional Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA; Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA; Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
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17
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Mo J, Wang X, Liang N, Zhang N, Li Y, Zheng Z, Ao Q, Wu Y, Tang T, Liao S, Lei Y, Ding H, Du B, Feng M, Chen C, Shi Q, Wei L, Huang Y, Lu C, Tang S, Li X. Hepatic Leucine Carboxyl Methyltransferase 1 (LCMT1) contributes to high fat diet-induced glucose intolerance through regulation of glycogen metabolism. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 117:109321. [PMID: 36963730 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Impaired glucose regulation is one of the most important risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular diseases, which have become a major public health issue worldwide. Dysregulation of carbohydrate metabolism in liver has been shown to play a critical role in the development of glucose intolerance but the molecular mechanism has not yet been fully understood. In this study, we investigated the role of hepatic LCMT1 in the regulation of glucose homeostasis using a liver-specific LCMT1 knockout mouse model. The hepatocyte-specific deletion of LCMT1 significantly upregulated the hepatic glycogen synthesis and glycogen accumulation in liver. We found that the liver-specific knockout of LCMT1 improved high fat diet-induced glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Consistently, the high fat diet-induced downregulation of glucokinase (GCK) and other important glycogen synthesis genes were reversed in LCMT1 knockout liver. In addition, the expression of GCK was significantly upregulated in MIHA cells treated with siRNA targeting LCMT1 and improved glycogen synthesis. In this study, we provided evidences to support the role of hepatic LCMT1 in the development of glucose intolerance induced by high fat diet and demonstrated that inhibiting LCMT1 could be a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of glucose metabolism disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Mo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xinhang Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Ningjing Liang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yunqing Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Zhijian Zheng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Qingqing Ao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yijie Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Tingting Tang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Simi Liao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yu Lei
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Huan Ding
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Bingxin Du
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Mei Feng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Chengying Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Qianqian Shi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Lancheng Wei
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yue Huang
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, the David Geffen School of Medicine, The University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Cailing Lu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
| | - Shen Tang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
| | - Xiyi Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
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Xiao Y, Wang Y, Ryu J, Liu W, Zou H, Zhang R, Yan Y, Dai Z, Zhang D, Sun LZ, Liu F, Zhou Z, Dong LQ. Upregulated TGF-β1 contributes to hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes by potentiating glucagon signalling. Diabetologia 2023; 66:1142-1155. [PMID: 36917279 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-023-05889-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Glucagon-stimulated hepatic gluconeogenesis contributes to endogenous glucose production during fasting. Recent studies suggest that TGF-β is able to promote hepatic gluconeogenesis in mice. However, the physiological relevance of serum TGF-β levels to human glucose metabolism and the mechanism by which TGF-β enhances gluconeogenesis remain largely unknown. As enhanced gluconeogenesis is a signature feature of type 2 diabetes, elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying TGF-β-promoted hepatic gluconeogenesis would allow us to better understand the process of normal glucose production and the pathophysiology of this process in type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the contribution of upregulated TGF-β1 in human type 2 diabetes and the molecular mechanism underlying the action of TGF-β1 in glucose metabolism. METHODS Serum levels of TGF-β1 were measured by ELISA in 74 control participants with normal glucose tolerance and 75 participants with type 2 diabetes. Human liver tissue was collected from participants without obesity and with or without type 2 diabetes for the measurement of TGF-β1 and glucagon signalling. To investigate the role of Smad3, a key signalling molecule downstream of the TGF-β1 receptor, in mediating the effect of TGF-β1 on glucagon signalling, we generated Smad3 knockout mice. Glucose levels in Smad3 knockout mice were measured during prolonged fasting and a glucagon tolerance test. Mouse primary hepatocytes were isolated from Smad3 knockout and wild-type (WT) mice to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms. Smad3 phosphorylation was detected by western blotting, levels of cAMP were detected by ELISA and levels of protein kinase A (PKA)/cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation were detected by western blotting. The dissociation of PKA subunits was measured by immunoprecipitation. RESULTS We observed higher levels of serum TGF-β1 in participants without obesity and with type 2 diabetes than in healthy control participants, which was positively correlated with HbA1c and fasting blood glucose levels. In addition, hyperactivation of the CREB and Smad3 signalling pathways was observed in the liver of participants with type 2 diabetes. Treating WT mouse primary hepatocytes with TGF-β1 greatly potentiated glucagon-stimulated PKA/CREB phosphorylation and hepatic gluconeogenesis. Mechanistically, TGF-β1 treatment induced the binding of Smad3 to the regulatory subunit of PKA (PKA-R), which prevented the association of PKA-R with the catalytic subunit of PKA (PKA-C) and led to the potentiation of glucagon-stimulated PKA signalling and gluconeogenesis. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The hepatic TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway sensitises the effect of glucagon/PKA signalling on gluconeogenesis and synergistically promotes hepatic glucose production. Reducing serum levels of TGF-β1 and/or preventing hyperactivation of TGF-β1 signalling could be a novel approach for alleviating hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xiao
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanfei Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Jiyoon Ryu
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Wei Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Division of Biliopancreatic Surgery and Bariatric Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hailan Zou
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yin Yan
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhe Dai
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Deling Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu-Zhe Sun
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Feng Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiguang Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Lily Q Dong
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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Characterization of Maternal Circulating MicroRNAs in Obese Pregnancies and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020515. [PMID: 36830073 PMCID: PMC9952647 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal obesity (MO) is expanding worldwide, contributing to the onset of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM). MO and GDM are associated with adverse maternal and foetal outcomes, with short- and long-term complications. Growing evidence suggests that MO and GDM are characterized by epigenetic alterations contributing to the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases. In this pilot study, plasma microRNAs (miRNAs) of obese pregnant women with/without GDM were profiled at delivery. Nineteen women with spontaneous singleton pregnancies delivering by elective Caesarean section were enrolled: seven normal-weight (NW), six obese without comorbidities (OB/GDM(-)), and six obese with GDM (OB/GDM(+)). miRNA profiling with miRCURY LNA PCR Panel allowed the analysis of the 179 most expressed circulating miRNAs in humans. Data acquisition and statistics (GeneGlobe and SPSS software) and Pathway Enrichment Analysis (PEA) were performed. Data analysis highlighted patterns of significantly differentially expressed miRNAs between groups: OB/GDM(-) vs. NW: n = 4 miRNAs, OB/GDM(+) vs. NW: n = 1, and OB/GDM(+) vs. OB/GDM(-): n = 14. For each comparison, PEA revealed pathways associated with oxidative stress and inflammation, as well as with nutrients and hormones metabolism. Indeed, miRNAs analysis may help to shed light on the complex epigenetic network regulating metabolic pathways in both the mother and the foeto-placental unit. Future investigations are needed to deepen the pregnancy epigenetic landscape in MO and GDM.
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20
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LCMT1 indicates poor prognosis and is essential for cell proliferation in hepatocellular carcinoma. Transl Oncol 2022; 27:101572. [PMID: 36401967 PMCID: PMC9673118 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most malignant type of cancers. Leuci carboxyl methyltransferase 1 (LCMT1) is a protein methyltransferase that plays an improtant regulatory role in both normal and cancer cells. The aim of this study is to evaluate the expression pattern and clinical significance of LCMT1 in HCC. METHODS The expression pattern and clinical relevance of LCMT1 were determined using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) program, and our datasets. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function studies were employed to investigate the cellular functions of LCMT1 in vitro and in vivo. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis, western blotting, enzymatic assay, and high-performance liquid chromatography were applied to reveal the underlying molecular functions of LCMT1. RESULTS LCMT1 was upregulated in human HCC tissues, which correlated with a "poor" prognosis. The siRNA-mediated knockdown of LCMT1 inhibited glycolysis, promoted mitochondrial dysfunction, and increased intracellular pyruvate levels by upregulating the expression of alani-neglyoxylate and serine-pyruvate aminotransferase (AGXT). The overexpression of LCMT1 showed the opposite results. Silencing LCMT1 inhibited the proliferation of HCC cells in vitro and reduced the growth of tumor xenografts in mice. Mechanistically, the effect of LCMT1 on the proliferation of HCC cells was partially dependent on PP2A. CONCLUSIONS Our data revealed a novel role of LCMT1 in the proliferation of HCC cells. In addition, we provided novel insights into the effects of glycolysis-related pathways on the LCMT1regulated progression of HCC, suggesting LCMT1 as a novel therapeutic target for HCC therapy.
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Shi X, Yang J, Deng S, Xu H, Wu D, Zeng Q, Wang S, Hu T, Wu F, Zhou H. TGF-β signaling in the tumor metabolic microenvironment and targeted therapies. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:135. [PMID: 36115986 PMCID: PMC9482317 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01349-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractTransforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling has a paradoxical role in cancer progression, and it acts as a tumor suppressor in the early stages but a tumor promoter in the late stages of cancer. Once cancer cells are generated, TGF-β signaling is responsible for the orchestration of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and supports cancer growth, invasion, metastasis, recurrence, and therapy resistance. These progressive behaviors are driven by an “engine” of the metabolic reprogramming in cancer. Recent studies have revealed that TGF-β signaling regulates cancer metabolic reprogramming and is a metabolic driver in the tumor metabolic microenvironment (TMME). Intriguingly, TGF-β ligands act as an “endocrine” cytokine and influence host metabolism. Therefore, having insight into the role of TGF-β signaling in the TMME is instrumental for acknowledging its wide range of effects and designing new cancer treatment strategies. Herein, we try to illustrate the concise definition of TMME based on the published literature. Then, we review the metabolic reprogramming in the TMME and elaborate on the contribution of TGF-β to metabolic rewiring at the cellular (intracellular), tissular (intercellular), and organismal (cancer-host) levels. Furthermore, we propose three potential applications of targeting TGF-β-dependent mechanism reprogramming, paving the way for TGF-β-related antitumor therapy from the perspective of metabolism.
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22
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Lacerda JT, Gomes PRL, Zanetti G, Mezzalira N, Lima OG, de Assis LVM, Guler A, Castrucci AM, Moraes MN. Lack of TRPV1 Channel Modulates Mouse Gene Expression and Liver Proteome with Glucose Metabolism Changes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137014. [PMID: 35806020 PMCID: PMC9266899 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the role of the transient receptor potential channel vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) in hepatic glucose metabolism, we analyzed genes related to the clock system and glucose/lipid metabolism and performed glycogen measurements at ZT8 and ZT20 in the liver of C57Bl/6J (WT) and Trpv1 KO mice. To identify molecular clues associated with metabolic changes, we performed proteomics analysis at ZT8. Liver from Trpv1 KO mice exhibited reduced Per1 expression and increased Pparα, Pparγ, Glut2, G6pc1 (G6pase), Pck1 (Pepck), Akt, and Gsk3b expression at ZT8. Liver from Trpv1 KO mice also showed reduced glycogen storage at ZT8 but not at ZT20 and significant proteomics changes consistent with enhanced glycogenolysis, as well as increased gluconeogenesis and inflammatory features. The network propagation approach evidenced that the TRPV1 channel is an intrinsic component of the glucagon signaling pathway, and its loss seems to be associated with increased gluconeogenesis through PKA signaling. In this sense, the differentially identified kinases and phosphatases in WT and Trpv1 KO liver proteomes show that the PP2A phosphatase complex and PKA may be major players in glycogenolysis in Trpv1 KO mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Thalles Lacerda
- Laboratory of Comparative Physiology of Pigmentation, Department of Physiology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil; (J.T.L.); (G.Z.); (N.M.); (O.G.L.); (L.V.M.d.A.); (A.M.C.)
| | - Patrícia R. L. Gomes
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil;
| | - Giovanna Zanetti
- Laboratory of Comparative Physiology of Pigmentation, Department of Physiology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil; (J.T.L.); (G.Z.); (N.M.); (O.G.L.); (L.V.M.d.A.); (A.M.C.)
| | - Nathana Mezzalira
- Laboratory of Comparative Physiology of Pigmentation, Department of Physiology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil; (J.T.L.); (G.Z.); (N.M.); (O.G.L.); (L.V.M.d.A.); (A.M.C.)
| | - Otoniel G. Lima
- Laboratory of Comparative Physiology of Pigmentation, Department of Physiology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil; (J.T.L.); (G.Z.); (N.M.); (O.G.L.); (L.V.M.d.A.); (A.M.C.)
| | - Leonardo V. M. de Assis
- Laboratory of Comparative Physiology of Pigmentation, Department of Physiology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil; (J.T.L.); (G.Z.); (N.M.); (O.G.L.); (L.V.M.d.A.); (A.M.C.)
- Institute of Neurobiology, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ali Guler
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA;
| | - Ana Maria Castrucci
- Laboratory of Comparative Physiology of Pigmentation, Department of Physiology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil; (J.T.L.); (G.Z.); (N.M.); (O.G.L.); (L.V.M.d.A.); (A.M.C.)
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA;
| | - Maria Nathália Moraes
- Laboratory of Comparative Physiology of Pigmentation, Department of Physiology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil; (J.T.L.); (G.Z.); (N.M.); (O.G.L.); (L.V.M.d.A.); (A.M.C.)
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil;
- Correspondence:
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23
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Mandò C, Abati S, Anelli GM, Favero C, Serati A, Dioni L, Zambon M, Albetti B, Bollati V, Cetin I. Epigenetic Profiling in the Saliva of Obese Pregnant Women. Nutrients 2022; 14:2122. [PMID: 35631263 PMCID: PMC9146705 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal obesity is associated with inflammation and oxidative stress, strongly impacting the intrauterine environment with detrimental consequences for both mother and offspring. The saliva is a non-invasive biofluid reflecting both local and systemic health status. This observational study aimed to profile the epigenetic signature in the saliva of Obese (OB) and Normal-Weight (NW) pregnant women. Sixteen NW and sixteen OB Caucasian women with singleton spontaneous pregnancies were enrolled. microRNAs were quantified by the OpenArray Platform. The promoter region methylation of Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 (SOCS3) and Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 (TGF-Beta1) was assessed by pyrosequencing. There were 754 microRNAs evaluated: 20 microRNAs resulted in being differentially expressed between OB and NW. microRNA pathway enrichment analysis showed a significant association with the TGF-Beta signaling pathway (miTALOS) and with fatty acids biosynthesis/metabolism, lysine degradation, and ECM-receptor interaction pathways (DIANA-miRPath). Both SOCS3 and TGF-Beta1 were significantly down-methylated in OB vs. NW. These results help to clarify impaired mechanisms involved in obesity and pave the way for the understanding of specific damaged pathways. The characterization of the epigenetic profile in saliva of pregnant women can represent a promising tool for the identification of obesity-related altered mechanisms and of possible biomarkers for early diagnosis and treatment of pregnancy-adverse conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Mandò
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy; (G.M.A.); (A.S.); (I.C.)
| | - Silvio Abati
- Department of Dentistry, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy;
| | - Gaia Maria Anelli
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy; (G.M.A.); (A.S.); (I.C.)
| | - Chiara Favero
- EPIGET LAB, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy; (C.F.); (L.D.); (B.A.); (V.B.)
| | - Anaïs Serati
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy; (G.M.A.); (A.S.); (I.C.)
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20054 Segrate, Italy
| | - Laura Dioni
- EPIGET LAB, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy; (C.F.); (L.D.); (B.A.); (V.B.)
| | - Marta Zambon
- Department of Woman, Mother and Child, Luigi Sacco and Vittore Buzzi Children Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, 20154 Milan, Italy;
| | - Benedetta Albetti
- EPIGET LAB, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy; (C.F.); (L.D.); (B.A.); (V.B.)
| | - Valentina Bollati
- EPIGET LAB, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy; (C.F.); (L.D.); (B.A.); (V.B.)
- Occupational Health Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Irene Cetin
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy; (G.M.A.); (A.S.); (I.C.)
- Department of Woman, Mother and Child, Luigi Sacco and Vittore Buzzi Children Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, 20154 Milan, Italy;
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24
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Patel SJ, Liu N, Piaker S, Gulko A, Andrade ML, Heyward FD, Sermersheim T, Edinger N, Srinivasan H, Emont MP, Westcott GP, Luther J, Chung RT, Yan S, Kumari M, Thomas R, Deleye Y, Tchernof A, White PJ, Baselli GA, Meroni M, De Jesus DF, Ahmad R, Kulkarni RN, Valenti L, Tsai L, Rosen ED. Hepatic IRF3 fuels dysglycemia in obesity through direct regulation of Ppp2r1b. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabh3831. [PMID: 35320000 PMCID: PMC9162056 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abh3831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation has profound but poorly understood effects on metabolism, especially in the context of obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Here, we report that hepatic interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) is a direct transcriptional regulator of glucose homeostasis through induction of Ppp2r1b, a component of serine/threonine phosphatase PP2A, and subsequent suppression of glucose production. Global ablation of IRF3 in mice on a high-fat diet protected against both steatosis and dysglycemia, whereas hepatocyte-specific loss of IRF3 affects only dysglycemia. Integration of the IRF3-dependent transcriptome and cistrome in mouse hepatocytes identifies Ppp2r1b as a direct IRF3 target responsible for mediating its metabolic actions on glucose homeostasis. IRF3-mediated induction of Ppp2r1b amplified PP2A activity, with subsequent dephosphorylation of AMPKα and AKT. Furthermore, suppression of hepatic Irf3 expression with antisense oligonucleotides reversed obesity-induced insulin resistance and restored glucose homeostasis in obese mice. Obese humans with NAFLD displayed enhanced activation of liver IRF3, with reversion after bariatric surgery. Hepatic PPP2R1B expression correlated with HgbA1C and was elevated in obese humans with impaired fasting glucose. We therefore identify the hepatic IRF3-PPP2R1B axis as a causal link between obesity-induced inflammation and dysglycemia and suggest an approach for limiting the metabolic dysfunction accompanying obesity-associated NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj J. Patel
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Nan Liu
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Dana Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Sam Piaker
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Anton Gulko
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Maynara L. Andrade
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Frankie D. Heyward
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Tyler Sermersheim
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Nufar Edinger
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Harini Srinivasan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Margo P. Emont
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Gregory P. Westcott
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jay Luther
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Raymond T. Chung
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Shuai Yan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Manju Kumari
- Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Reeby Thomas
- Immunology and Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Yann Deleye
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - André Tchernof
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie and Pneumologie de Québec–Université Laval (IUCPQUL), Québec City, Canada
| | - Phillip J. White
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Guido A. Baselli
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Precision Medicine, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Marica Meroni
- General Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Dario F. De Jesus
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Rasheed Ahmad
- Immunology and Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Rohit N. Kulkarni
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Luca Valenti
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Precision Medicine, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Linus Tsai
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Evan D. Rosen
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
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de Paula BMF, de Souza Pinhel MA, Nicoletti CF, Nonino CB, Siqueira F, Vannucchi H. FOLIC ACID SUPPLEMENTATION MODULATES OFFSPRING GENES INVOLVED IN ENERGY METABOLISM: IN VIVO STUDY. CLINICAL NUTRITION OPEN SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutos.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Aoshima Y, Enomoto Y, Fukada A, Kurita Y, Matsushima S, Meguro S, Kosugi I, Kawasaki H, Katsura H, Fujisawa T, Enomoto N, Nakamura Y, Inui N, Suda T, Iwashita T. Metformin reduces pleural fibroelastosis by inhibition of extracellular matrix production induced by CD90-positive myofibroblasts. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:12318-12337. [PMID: 34956455 PMCID: PMC8661163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Metformin, an AMP-activated protein kinase activator used to treat diabetes mellitus, has recently attracted attention as a promising anti-fibrotic agent. However, its anti-fibrotic effects on pleural fibroelastosis remain unknown. We induced mouse pleural fibroelastosis by intra-pleural coadministration of bleomycin and carbon and evaluated its validity as a preclinical model for human pleural fibrosis. We assessed the expression of the myofibroblast surface marker CD90 in the fibrotic pleura and the effects of metformin in vivo and in vitro. Finally, we evaluated the effects of metformin on human pleural mesothelial cells stimulated by transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1). The fibrotic pleura in mice had collagen and elastin fiber deposition similar to that seen in human fibrotic pleura. Moreover, CD90-positive myofibroblasts were detected in and successfully isolated from the fibrotic pleura. Metformin significantly suppressed the deposition of collagen and elastic fibers in the fibrotic pleura and decreased the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM)-related genes, including Col1a1, Col3a1, Fn1, and Eln, in pleural CD90-positive myofibroblasts. In human pleural mesothelial cells, metformin decreased TGFβ1-induced upregulation of ECM-related genes and SNAI1. Overall, metformin suppresses pleural fibroelastosis by inhibition of ECM production by pleural myofibroblasts, suggesting that this drug has therapeutic potential against human pleural fibrosis, including pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichiro Aoshima
- Department of Regenerative and Infectious Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Yasunori Enomoto
- Department of Regenerative and Infectious Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
- Laboratory for Lung Development and Regeneration, Riken Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR)Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Atsuki Fukada
- Department of Regenerative and Infectious Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Yuki Kurita
- Department of Regenerative and Infectious Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Sayomi Matsushima
- Department of Regenerative and Infectious Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Shiori Meguro
- Department of Regenerative and Infectious Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Isao Kosugi
- Department of Regenerative and Infectious Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Hideya Kawasaki
- Department of Regenerative and Infectious Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
- Preeminent Medical Photonics Education and Research Center Institute for NanoSuit Research, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Katsura
- Laboratory for Lung Development and Regeneration, Riken Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR)Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Fujisawa
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Enomoto
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Yutaro Nakamura
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Naoki Inui
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Takafumi Suda
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Toshihide Iwashita
- Department of Regenerative and Infectious Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
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Kumari R, Irudayam MJ, Al Abdallah Q, Jones TL, Mims TS, Puchowicz MA, Pierre JF, Brown CW. SMAD2 and SMAD3 differentially regulate adiposity and the growth of subcutaneous white adipose tissue. FASEB J 2021; 35:e22018. [PMID: 34731499 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101244r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue is the primary site of energy storage, playing important roles in health. While adipose research largely focuses on obesity, fat also has other critical functions, producing adipocytokines and contributing to normal nutrient metabolism, which in turn play important roles in satiety and total energy homeostasis. SMAD2/3 proteins are downstream mediators of activin signaling, which regulate critical preadipocyte and mature adipocyte functions. Smad2 global knockout mice exhibit embryonic lethality, whereas global loss of Smad3 protects mice against diet-induced obesity. The direct contributions of Smad2 and Smad3 in adipose tissues, however, are unknown. Here, we sought to determine the primary effects of adipocyte-selective reduction of Smad2 or Smad3 on diet-induced adiposity using Smad2 or Smad3 "floxed" mice intercrossed with Adiponectin-Cre mice. Additionally, we examined visceral and subcutaneous preadipocyte differentiation efficiency in vitro. Almost all wild type subcutaneous preadipocytes differentiated into mature adipocytes. In contrast, visceral preadipocytes differentiated poorly. Exogenous activin A suppressed differentiation of preadipocytes from both depots. Smad2 conditional knockout (Smad2cKO) mice did not exhibit significant effects on weight gain, irrespective of diet, whereas Smad3 conditional knockout (Smad3cKO) male mice displayed a trend of reduced body weight on high-fat diet. On both diets, Smad3cKO mice displayed an adipose depot-selective phenotype, with a significant reduction in subcutaneous fat mass but not visceral fat mass. Our data suggest that Smad3 is an important contributor to the maintenance of subcutaneous white adipose tissue in a sex-selective fashion. These findings have implications for understanding SMAD-mediated, depot selective regulation of adipocyte growth and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshan Kumari
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.,Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Maria Johnson Irudayam
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Qusai Al Abdallah
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Tamekia L Jones
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.,Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.,Children's Foundation Research Institute, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Tahliyah S Mims
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Michelle A Puchowicz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Joseph F Pierre
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Chester W Brown
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.,Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.,Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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Ates KM, Estes AJ, Liu Y. Potential underlying genetic associations between keratoconus and diabetes mellitus. ADVANCES IN OPHTHALMOLOGY PRACTICE AND RESEARCH 2021; 1:100005. [PMID: 34746916 PMCID: PMC8570550 DOI: 10.1016/j.aopr.2021.100005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Keratoconus (KC) is the most common ectatic corneal disease, characterized by significantly localized thinning of the corneal stroma. Genetic, environmental, hormonal, and metabolic factors contribute to the pathogenesis of KC. Additionally, multiple comorbidities, such as diabetes mellitus, may affect the risk of KC. Main Body Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have been reported to have lower risk of developing KC by way of increased endogenous collagen crosslinking in response to chronic hyperglycemia. However, this remains a debated topic as other studies have suggested either a positive association or no association between DM and KC. To gain further insight into the underlying genetic components of these two diseases, we reviewed candidate genes associated with KC and central corneal thickness in the literature. We then explored how these genes may be regulated similarly or differentially under hyperglycemic conditions and the role they play in the systemic complications associated with DM. Conclusion Our comprehensive review of potential genetic factors underlying KC and DM provides a direction for future studies to further determine the genetic etiology of KC and how it is influenced by systemic diseases such as diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin M. Ates
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Amy J. Estes
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Yutao Liu
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
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Sun X, Gao X, Mu BK, Wang Y. Understanding the role of corneal biomechanics-associated genetic variants by bioinformatic analyses. Int Ophthalmol 2021; 42:981-988. [PMID: 34642840 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-021-02081-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze functions of corneal biomechanical properties (CBP)-related variants as corneal resistance factor (CRF) and corneal hysteresis (CH). METHODS Related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and genes were identified from NHGRI-EBI GWAS catalog, GWASdb v2 and possible data in published studies. HaploReg v4.1 was used to find linkage SNPs. Functional annotations were performed by GWAVA, CADD and RegulomeDB. GTEx Portal database was used to find out expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) association. Enrichr was used to annotate the function of GWAS gene and the associated signal pathway. STING (v11.0) database was utilized for protein interaction and network construction. RESULTS The integration of 302 CH-associated and 420 CRF-associated lead SNPs has produced 531 CBP-associated lead SNPs. A total of 5,324 proxy variants identified using the HaploReg v4.1 and lead SNPs were functionally annotated. Based on the threshold (CADD ≥ 10, GWAVA ≥ 0.4 and RegulomeDB < rank 3), 23 prioritized putative regulatory SNPs were identified. Eight prioritized eQTL variants (rs75203695, rs34861673, rs846766, rs11024102, rs1377416, rs3829492, rs9934438 and rs197912) were found with strong potential of CBP regulation. It was indicated that CBP-associated genes were significantly enriched in extracellular matrix receptor interaction pathway, closely related to the phenotype of corneal dystrophy and keratoconus. COL1A1, SMAD3, BMP4 and RUNX2 occupied the core position in the co-expression network. CONCLUSIONS Data integrative analysis can evaluate CBP variations and explore collagen and extracellular matrix pathways in CBP regulation, which is a promising tool to investigate biological process of corneal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Sun
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Bo-Kun Mu
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China. .,Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, 300020, China.
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Razazan A, Karunakar P, Mishra SP, Sharma S, Miller B, Jain S, Yadav H. Activation of Microbiota Sensing - Free Fatty Acid Receptor 2 Signaling Ameliorates Amyloid-β Induced Neurotoxicity by Modulating Proteolysis-Senescence Axis. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:735933. [PMID: 34707491 PMCID: PMC8544178 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.735933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple emerging evidence indicates that the gut microbiota contributes to the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD)-a debilitating public health problem in older adults. However, strategies to beneficially modulate gut microbiota and its sensing signaling pathways remain largely unknown. Here, we screened, validated, and established the agonists of free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2) signaling, which senses beneficial signals from short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by microbiota. The abundance of SCFAs, is often low in the gut of older adults with AD. We demonstrated that inhibition of FFAR2 signaling increases amyloid-beta (Aβ) stimulated neuronal toxicity. Thus, we screened FFAR2 agonists using an in-silico library of more than 144,000 natural compounds and selected 15 of them based on binding with FFAR2-agonist active sites. Fenchol (a natural compound commonly present in basil) was recognized as a potential FFAR2 stimulator in neuronal cells and demonstrated protective effects against Aβ-stimulated neurodegeneration in an FFAR2-dependent manner. In addition, Fenchol reduced AD-like phenotypes, such as Aβ-accumulation, and impaired chemotaxis behavior in Caenorhabditis (C.) elegans and mice models, by increasing Aβ-clearance via the promotion of proteolysis and reduced senescence in neuronal cells. These results suggest that the inhibition of FFAR2 signaling promotes Aβ-induced neurodegeneration, while the activation of FFAR2 by Fenchol ameliorates these abnormalities by promoting proteolytic Aβ-clearance and reducing cellular senescence. Thus, stimulation of FFAR2 signaling by Fenchol as a natural compound can be a therapeutic approach to ameliorate AD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Razazan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, United States
| | | | - Sidharth P. Mishra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, United States
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Shailesh Sharma
- National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Brandi Miller
- Department of Internal Medicine, Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, United States
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Shalini Jain
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Hariom Yadav
- Department of Internal Medicine, Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, United States
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine—Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
- USF Center for Microbiome Research, USF Institute on Microbiomes, Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
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Vivekanandhan S, Madamsetty VS, Angom RS, Dutta SK, Wang E, Caulfield T, Pletnev AA, Upstill-Goddard R, Asmann YW, Chang D, Spaller MR, Mukhopadhyay D. Role of PLEXIND1/TGFβ Signaling Axis in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Progression Correlates with the Mutational Status of KRAS. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13164048. [PMID: 34439202 PMCID: PMC8393884 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pancreatic cancer is among the most lethal cancers. The expression of PLEXIND1, a receptor, is upregulated in many cancers (including pancreatic cancer). Traditionally, PLEXIND1 is known to be involved in neuron development and mediate semaphorin signaling. However, its role and signaling in cancer is not fully understood. In our study, we present a new mechanism through which PLEXIND1 mediates its roles in cancer. For the first time, we demonstrate that it can function as a transforming growth factor beta coreceptor and modulate SMAD3 signaling. Around 90% of pancreatic cancer patients have mutant KRAS. Our work suggests that PLEXIND1 functions differently in pancreatic cancer cell lines, and the difference correlates with KRAS mutational status. Additionally, we demonstrate a novel peptide based therapeutic approach to target PLEXIND1 in cancer cells. Our work is valuable to both neuroscience and cancer fields, as it demonstrates an association between two previously unrelated signaling pathways. Abstract PLEXIND1 is upregulated in several cancers, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). It is an established mediator of semaphorin signaling, and neuropilins are its known coreceptors. Herein, we report data to support the proposal that PLEXIND1 acts as a transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) coreceptor, modulating cell growth through SMAD3 signaling. Our findings demonstrate that PLEXIND1 plays a pro-tumorigenic role in PDAC cells with oncogenic KRAS (KRASmut). We show in KRASmut PDAC cell lines (PANC-1, AsPC-1,4535) PLEXIND1 downregulation results in decreased cell viability (in vitro) and reduced tumor growth (in vivo). Conversely, PLEXIND1 acts as a tumor suppressor in the PDAC cell line (BxPC-3) with wild-type KRAS (KRASwt), as its reduced expression results in higher cell viability (in-vitro) and tumor growth (in vivo). Additionally, we demonstrate that PLEXIND1-mediated interactions can be selectively disrupted using a peptide based on its C-terminal sequence (a PDZ domain-binding motif), an outcome that may possess significant therapeutic implications. To our knowledge, this is the first report showing that (1) PLEXIND1 acts as a TGFβ coreceptor and mediates SMAD3 signaling, and (2) differential roles of PLEXIND1 in PDAC cell lines correlate with KRASmut and KRASwt status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Vivekanandhan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA; (S.V.); (V.S.M.); (R.S.A.); (S.K.D.); (E.W.); (T.C.)
| | - Vijay S. Madamsetty
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA; (S.V.); (V.S.M.); (R.S.A.); (S.K.D.); (E.W.); (T.C.)
| | - Ramcharan Singh Angom
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA; (S.V.); (V.S.M.); (R.S.A.); (S.K.D.); (E.W.); (T.C.)
| | - Shamit Kumar Dutta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA; (S.V.); (V.S.M.); (R.S.A.); (S.K.D.); (E.W.); (T.C.)
| | - Enfeng Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA; (S.V.); (V.S.M.); (R.S.A.); (S.K.D.); (E.W.); (T.C.)
| | - Thomas Caulfield
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA; (S.V.); (V.S.M.); (R.S.A.); (S.K.D.); (E.W.); (T.C.)
| | - Alexandre A. Pletnev
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA; (A.A.P.); (M.R.S.)
| | - Rosanna Upstill-Goddard
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate Switchback Road, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK; (R.U.-G.); (D.C.)
| | - Yan W. Asmann
- Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA;
| | - David Chang
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate Switchback Road, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK; (R.U.-G.); (D.C.)
| | - Mark R. Spaller
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA; (A.A.P.); (M.R.S.)
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth and Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
- Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan 215316, China
| | - Debabrata Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA; (S.V.); (V.S.M.); (R.S.A.); (S.K.D.); (E.W.); (T.C.)
- Correspondence:
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Hwang SH, Yang Y, Jung JH, Kim Y. Heterogeneous response of cancer-associated fibroblasts to the glucose deprivation through mitochondrial calcium uniporter. Exp Cell Res 2021; 406:112778. [PMID: 34384778 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are an abundant component of the tumor microenvironment and have distinct features from normal fibroblasts (NFs). However, the discriminative nature of heterogeneous CAFs under glucose starvation remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the changes in the mitochondrial calcium concentration and relevant intracellular machinery in CAFs under glucose-deficient conditions. Xenografted tumor masses were dissected into multiple pieces and subjected to the CAF isolation using magnetically activated cell sorting (MACS). NFs were separated from the normal lung and skin. Under glucose starvation, CAFs from the tumor mass exhibited heterogeneity in cell proliferation, ATP production and calcium concentration. Compared to NFs, mitochondrial calcium concentration was significantly higher in glucose-starved CAFs with upregulation of mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) that led to enhancement of ATP production and cell growth. Intriguingly, treatment of glucose-starved CAFs with oligomycin increased apoptosis by disrupted calcium homeostasis following overactivation of the mPTP. Moreover, oligomycin-induced apoptosis was mitigated by calcium chelation. This study demonstrated that the discriminative calcium influx to mitochondria through MCU coordinated cell growth and apoptosis in glucose-starved CAFs but not in NFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hyun Hwang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea; BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Yeseul Yang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea; BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jae-Ha Jung
- Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea; BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Yongbaek Kim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea; Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
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Li YY, Wu XN, Deng X, Zhang PP, Li HX, Chen K, Wu DP, Gu T, Wang CX, Zhao L, Wang D, Yang L, Yuan GY. Serum Tsukushi levels are elevated in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2021; 178:108987. [PMID: 34329693 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.108987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Tsukushi, a newly identified hepatokine, has been recently characterized as a potent modifier in lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis, but the role of Tsukushi in diabetes remains almost unknown. We detected for the first time the serum Tsukushi levels in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, exploring the relationship between Tsukushi and various metabolic parameters. METHODS A total of 172 participants were recruited, including 86 patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and 86 subjects with normal glucose tolerance according to oral glucose tolerance test. Serum Tsukushi was measured by ELISA. The insulin resistance, pancreas β-cell function and insulin sensitivity were determined by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR, HOMA-β), Stumvoll insulin sensitivity index (ISIstumvoll) and Stumvoll metabolic clearance rate (MCRstumvoll). RESULTS Serum Tsukushi was significantly higher in type 2 diabetes than in normal glucose tolerance [1.22(0.86,1.74) vs 0.8(0.5,1.38) ng/mL; P < 0.001]. Multiple regression analysis showed that BMI, 2-h post-OGTT glucose and TC were independently related factors influencing Tsukushi. Logistic regression analyses demonstrated that Tsukushi was associated with higher risk of type 2 diabetes independently. CONCLUSIONS Circulating Tsukushi levels significantly increase in patients with type 2 diabetes, which suggest that Tsukushi may play a role in type 2 diabetes pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yan Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China; Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu-Nan Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xia Deng
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Pan-Pan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Hao-Xiang Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Dan-Ping Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Tian Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Chen-Xi Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
| | - Guo-Yue Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
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Miranda-Nuñez JE, Zamilpa-Alvarez A, Fortis-Barrera A, Alarcon-Aguilar FJ, Loza-Rodriguez H, Gomez-Quiroz LE, Salas-Silva S, Flores-Cruz M, Zavala-Sanchez MA, Blancas-Flores G. GLUT4 translocation in C2C12 myoblasts and primary mouse hepatocytes by an antihyperglycemic flavone from Tillandsia usneoides. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 89:153622. [PMID: 34161895 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is characterized by deregulation in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, with a very high mortality rate. Glucose Transporter type 4 (GLUT4) plays a crucial role in T2D and represents a therapeutic target of interest. Tillandsia usneoides (T. usneoides) is a plant used as a remedy for diabetes. T. usneoides decreased blood glucose in different experimental models. However, the involvement of GLUT4 in this effect has not yet been explored. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate whether any component in T. usneoides might participate in the effect on blood glucose through a bioassay-guided fractionation, testing its potential antihyperglycemic effect in mice, as well as its influence on GLUT4 translocation in C2C12 myoblasts and primary hepatocytes. METHODS The aqueous extract and the Ethyl Acetate fraction (TU-AcOEt) of T. usneoides were evaluated in a hypoglycemic activity bioassay and in the glucose tolerance test in CD-1 mice. TU-AcOEt was fractionated, obtaining five fractions that were studied in an additional glucose tolerance test. C1F3 was fractioned again, and its fractions (C2F9-12, C2F22-25, and C2F38-44) were examined by HPLC. The C2F38-44 fraction was analyzed by Mass Spectrometry (MS) and subjected to additional fractionation. The fraction C3F6-9 was explored by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), resulting in 5,7,4´-trihydroxy-3,6,3´,5´-tetramethoxyflavone (Flav1). Subsequently, a viability test was performed to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of Flav1 and fractions C2F9-12, C2F22-25. C2F38-44, and C3F30-41 in C2C12 myoblasts and primary mouse hepatocytes. Confocal microscopy was also performed to assess the effect of Flav1 and fractions on GLUT4 translocation. RESULTS The TU-AcOEt fraction exhibited a hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic effect in mice, and its fractionation resulted in five fractions, among which fraction C1F3 decreased blood glucose. MS and NMR analysis revealed the presence of Flav1. Finally, Flav1 significantly promoted the translocation of GLUT4 in C2C12 myoblasts and primary hepatocytes. CONCLUSION To date, Flav1 has not been reported to have activity in GLUT4; this study provides evidence that T. usneoides is a plant with the potential to develop novel therapeutic agents for the control of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alejandro Zamilpa-Alvarez
- Departamento de Fitoquímica Farmacológica, Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Xochitepec, Morelos, México
| | - Angeles Fortis-Barrera
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, DCBS, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco 186, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Francisco Javier Alarcon-Aguilar
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, DCBS, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco 186, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Hilda Loza-Rodriguez
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, DCBS, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco 186, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Luis E Gomez-Quiroz
- Área de Medicina Experimental y Traslacional, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, DCBS, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco 186, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Soraya Salas-Silva
- Área de Medicina Experimental y Traslacional, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, DCBS, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco 186, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Maria Flores-Cruz
- Departamento el Hombre y su Ambiente, DCBS, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Miguel Angel Zavala-Sanchez
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, DCBS, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Gerardo Blancas-Flores
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, DCBS, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco 186, Ciudad de México, México.
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Ge W, Zhao Y, Yang Y, Ding Z, Xu X, Weng D, Wang S, Cheng R, Zhang J. An insulin-independent mechanism for transcriptional regulation of Foxo1 in type 2 diabetic mice. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:100846. [PMID: 34058194 PMCID: PMC8233149 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic gluconeogenesis is the major contributor to the hyperglycemia observed in both patients and animals with type 2 diabetes. The transcription factor FOXO1 plays a dominant role in stimulating hepatic gluconeogenesis. FOXO1 is mainly regulated by insulin under physiological conditions, but liver-specific disruption of Foxo1 transcription restores normal gluconeogenesis in mice in which insulin signaling has been blocked, suggesting that additional regulatory mechanisms exist. Understanding the transcriptional regulation of Foxo1 may be conducive to the development of insulin-independent strategies for the control of hepatic gluconeogenesis. Here, we found that elevated plasma levels of adenine nucleotide in type 2 diabetes are the major regulators of Foxo1 transcription. We treated lean mice with 5'-AMP and examined their transcriptional profiles using RNA-seq. KEGG analysis revealed that the 5'-AMP treatment led to shifted profiles that were similar to db/db mice. Many of the upregulated genes were in pathways associated with the pathology of type 2 diabetes including Foxo1 signaling. As observed in diabetic db/db mice, lean mice treated with 5'-AMP displayed enhanced Foxo1 transcription, involving an increase in cellular adenosine levels and a decrease in the S-adenosylmethionine to S-adenosylhomocysteine ratio. This reduced methylation potential resulted in declining histone H3K9 methylation in the promoters of Foxo1, G6Pc, and Pepck. In mouse livers and cultured cells, 5'-AMP induced expression of more FOXO1 protein, which was found to be localized in the nucleus, where it could promote gluconeogenesis. Our results revealed that adenine nucleotide-driven Foxo1 transcription is crucial for excessive glucose production in type 2 diabetic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Ge
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunxia Yang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhao Ding
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Xi Xu
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan Weng
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Shiming Wang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Cheng
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jianfa Zhang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, China.
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Zhang X, Jiang L, Liu H. Forkhead Box Protein O1: Functional Diversity and Post-Translational Modification, a New Therapeutic Target? DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2021; 15:1851-1860. [PMID: 33976536 PMCID: PMC8106445 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s305016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Forkhead box protein O1 (FoXO1) is a transcription factor involved in the regulation of a wide variety of physiological process including glucose metabolism, lipogenesis, bone mass, apoptosis, and autophagy. FoXO1 dysfunction is involved in the pathophysiology of various diseases including metabolic diseases, atherosclerosis, and tumors. FoXO1 activity is regulated in response to different physiological or pathogenic conditions by changes in protein expression and post-translational modifications. Various modifications cooperate to regulate FoXO1 activity and FoXO1 target gene transcription. In this review, we summarize how different post-translational modifications regulate FoXO1 physiological function, which may provide new insights for drug design and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Rongjun General Hospital, Jinan, 250013, People's Republic of China
| | - Lusheng Jiang
- Department of Emergency, Shandong Rongjun General Hospital, Jinan, 250013, People's Republic of China
| | - Huimin Liu
- Blood Purification Center, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, People's Republic of China
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Secchi C, Benaglio P, Mulas F, Belli M, Stupack D, Shimasaki S. FOXO1 mitigates the SMAD3/FOXL2 C134W transcriptomic effect in a model of human adult granulosa cell tumor. J Transl Med 2021; 19:90. [PMID: 33639972 PMCID: PMC7913442 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-02754-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adult granulosa cell tumor (aGCT) is a rare type of stromal cell malignant cancer of the ovary characterized by elevated estrogen levels. aGCTs ubiquitously harbor a somatic mutation in FOXL2 gene, Cys134Trp (c.402C < G); however, the general molecular effect of this mutation and its putative pathogenic role in aGCT tumorigenesis is not completely understood. We previously studied the role of FOXL2C134W, its partner SMAD3 and its antagonist FOXO1 in cellular models of aGCT. METHODS In this work, seeking more comprehensive profiling of FOXL2C134W transcriptomic effects, we performed an RNA-seq analysis comparing the effect of FOXL2WT/SMAD3 and FOXL2C134W/SMAD3 overexpression in an established human GC line (HGrC1), which is not luteinized, and bears normal alleles of FOXL2. RESULTS Our data shows that FOXL2C134W/SMAD3 overexpression alters the expression of 717 genes. These genes include known and novel FOXL2 targets (TGFB2, SMARCA4, HSPG2, MKI67, NFKBIA) and are enriched for neoplastic pathways (Proteoglycans in Cancer, Chromatin remodeling, Apoptosis, Tissue Morphogenesis, Tyrosine Kinase Receptors). We additionally expressed the FOXL2 antagonistic Forkhead protein, FOXO1. Surprisingly, overexpression of FOXO1 mitigated 40% of the altered genome-wide effects specifically related to FOXL2C134W, suggesting it can be a new target for aGCT treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our transcriptomic data provide novel insights into potential genes (FOXO1 regulated) that could be used as biomarkers of efficacy in aGCT patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Secchi
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Paola Benaglio
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Francesca Mulas
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Martina Belli
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Dwayne Stupack
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Shunichi Shimasaki
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
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38
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Nakazaki M, Oka S, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Nagahama H, Hashi K, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Prolonged lifespan in a spontaneously hypertensive rat (stroke prone) model following intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells. Heliyon 2021; 6:e05833. [PMID: 33392407 PMCID: PMC7773587 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been reported to provide therapeutic efficacy via microvascular remodeling in a spontaneously hypertensive rat. In this study, we demonstrate that intravenous infusion of MSCs increased the survival rate in a spontaneously hypertensive (stroke prone) rat model in which organs including kidney, brain, heart and liver are damaged during aging due to spontaneous hypertension. Gene expression analysis indicated that infused MSCs activates transforming growth factor-β1-smad3/forkhead box O1 signaling pathway. Renal dysfunction was recovered after MSC infusion. Collectively, intravenous infusion of MSC may extend lifespan in this model system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahito Nakazaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06510, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, 06516, USA
| | - Shinichi Oka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06510, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, 06516, USA
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nagahama
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Kazuo Hashi
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06510, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, 06516, USA
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06510, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, 06516, USA
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Li S, Zheng X, Zhang X, Yu H, Han B, Lv Y, Liu Y, Wang X, Zhang Z. Exploring the liver fibrosis induced by deltamethrin exposure in quails and elucidating the protective mechanism of resveratrol. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 207:111501. [PMID: 33254389 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Deltamethrin (DLM) is widely used in agriculture and the prevention of human insect-borne diseases. However, the molecular mechanism of DLM induced liver injury remains unclear to date. This study investigated the potential molecular mechanism that DLM induced liver fibrosis in quails. Japanese quails received resveratrol (500 mg/kg) daily with or without DLM (45 mg/kg) exposure for 12 weeks. Histopathology, transmission electron microscopy, biochemical indexes, TUNEL, quantitative real-time PCR, and western blot analysis were performed. DLM exposure induced hepatic steatosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Most importantly, the Nrf2/TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway played an important role on DLM-induced liver fibrosis in quails. Interestingly, the addition of resveratrol, an Nrf2 activator, alleviates oxidative stress and inflammation response by activating Nrf2, thereby inhibits the liver fibrosis induced by DLM in quails. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that chronic exposure to DLM induces oxidative stress via the Nrf2 expression inhibition and apoptosis, and then results in liver fibrosis in quails by the activation of NF-κB/TNF-α and TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiaoya Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Hongxiang Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Bing Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yueying Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiaoqiao Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China.
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40
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Xu Y, Wei C, Wu C, Han M, Wang J, Hou H, Zhang L, Liu S, Chen Y. Polymorphisms of TGF-β1 and TGF-β3 in Chinese women with gestational diabetes mellitus. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2020; 20:759. [PMID: 33287755 PMCID: PMC7720537 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-020-03459-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a pregnancy-specific carbohydrate intolerance Which can cause a large number of perinatal and postpartum complications. The members of Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily play key roles in the homeostasis of pancreatic β-cell and may involve in the development of GDM. This study aimed to explore the association between the polymorphisms of TGF-β1, TGF-β3 and the risk to GDM in Chinese women. Methods This study included 919 GDM patients (464 with preeclampsia and 455 without preeclampsia) and 1177 healthy pregnant women. TaqMan allelic discrimination real-Time PCR was used to genotype the TGF-β1 (rs4803455) and TGF-β3 (rs2284792 and rs3917201), The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) was evaluated by chi-square test. Results An increased frequency of TGF-β3 rs2284792 AA and AG genotype carriers was founded in GDM patients (AA vs. AG + GG: χ2 = 6.314, P = 0.012, OR = 1.270, 95%CI 1.054–1.530; AG vs. GG + AA: χ2 = 8.545, P = 0.003, OR = 0.773, 95%CI 0.650–0.919). But there were no significant differences in the distribution of TGF-β1 rs4803455 and TGF-β3 rs3917201 between GDM and healthy women. In addition, no significant differences were found in allele and genotype frequencies among GDM patients with preeclampsia (PE). Conclusions The AA and AG genotype of TGF-β3 rs2284792 polymorphism may be significantly associated with increased risk of GDM in Chinese population. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12884-020-03459-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinglei Xu
- Department of Medical Genetics, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China.,Prenatal Diagnosis Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Chunlian Wei
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Cuijiao Wu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, 260000, China
| | - Mengmeng Han
- Department of Medical Genetics, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China.,Prenatal Diagnosis Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Jingli Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China.,Prenatal Diagnosis Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Huabin Hou
- Department of Clinical laboratory, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Medical Genetics, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China.,Prenatal Diagnosis Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Shiguo Liu
- Department of Medical Genetics, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China. .,Prenatal Diagnosis Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China.
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China.
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Wu Z, He Q, Zeng B, Zhou H, Zhou S. Juvenile hormone acts through FoxO to promote Cdc2 and Orc5 transcription for polyploidy-dependent vitellogenesis. Development 2020; 147:dev.188813. [PMID: 32907849 DOI: 10.1242/dev.188813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Vitellogenin (Vg) is a prerequisite for egg production and embryonic development after ovipositioning in oviparous animals. In many insects, juvenile hormone (JH) promotes fat body cell polyploidization for the massive Vg synthesis required for the maturation of multiple oocytes, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Using the migratory locust Locusta migratoria as a model system, we report here that JH induces the dephosphorylation of Forkhead box O transcription factor (FoxO) through a signaling cascade including leucine carboxyl methyltransferase 1 (LCMT1) and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). JH promotes PP2A activity via LCMT1-mediated methylation, consequently triggering FoxO dephosphorylation. Dephosphorylated FoxO binds to the upstream region of two endocycle-related genes, cell-division-cycle 2 (Cdc2) and origin-recognition-complex subunit 5 (Orc5), and activates their transcription. Depletion of FoxO, Cdc2 or Orc5 results in blocked polyploidization of fat body cells, accompanied by markedly reduced Vg expression, impaired oocyte maturation and arrested ovarian development. The results suggest that JH acts via LCMT1-PP2A-FoxO to regulate Cdc2 and Orc5 expression, and to enhance ploidy of fat body cells in preparation for the large-scale Vg synthesis required for synchronous maturation of multiple eggs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxia Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Qiongjie He
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Baojuan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Haodan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Shutang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
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Heydarpour F, Sajadimajd S, Mirzarazi E, Haratipour P, Joshi T, Farzaei MH, Khan H, Echeverría J. Involvement of TGF-β and Autophagy Pathways in Pathogenesis of Diabetes: A Comprehensive Review on Biological and Pharmacological Insights. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:498758. [PMID: 33041786 PMCID: PMC7522371 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.498758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advancements in clinical drugs, diabetes treatment still needs further progress. As such, ongoing research has attempted to determine the precise molecular mechanisms of the disorder. Specifically, evidence supports that several signaling pathways play pivotal roles in the development of diabetes. However, the exact molecular mechanisms of diabetes still need to be explored. This study examines exciting new hallmarks for the strict involvement of autophagy and TGF-β signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of diabetes and the design of novel therapeutic strategies. Dysregulated autophagy in pancreatic β cells due to hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, and inflammation is associated with diabetes and accompanied by dysregulated autophagy in insulin target tissues and the progression of diabetic complications. Consequently, several therapeutic agents such as adiponectin, ezetimibe, GABA tea, geniposide, liraglutide, guava extract, and vitamin D were shown to inhibit diabetes and its complications through modulation of the autophagy pathway. Another pathway, TGF-β signaling pathway, appears to play a part in the progression of diabetes, insulin resistance, and autoimmunity in both type 1 and 2 diabetes and complications in diabetes. Subsequently, drugs that target TGF-β signaling, especially naturally derived ones such as resveratrol, puerarin, curcumin, hesperidin, and silymarin, as well as Propolis, Lycopus lucidus, and Momordica charantia extracts, may become promising alternatives to current drugs in diabetes treatment. This review provides keen insights into novel therapeutic strategies for the medical care of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Heydarpour
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Soraya Sajadimajd
- Departament of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Elahe Mirzarazi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pouya Haratipour
- Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.,PhytoPharmacology Interest Group (PPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Tanuj Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Kumaun University, Nainital, India
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Javier Echeverría
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Luo H, Yin D, Xiao Z, Wen L, Liao Y, Tang C, Zeng D, Xiao H, Li Y. Anti‐renal interstitial fibrosis effect of norcantharidin is exerted through inhibition of PP2Ac‐mediated C‐terminal phosphorylation of Smad3. Chem Biol Drug Des 2020; 97:293-304. [PMID: 32896083 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Han‐wen Luo
- Department of Nephrology Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification in Hunan The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Hunan China
| | - Dan‐dan Yin
- Jiangsu Province Hospital Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Zheng Xiao
- Department of Nephrology Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification in Hunan The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Hunan China
| | - Lu Wen
- Department of Nephrology Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification in Hunan The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Hunan China
| | - Ying‐jun Liao
- Department of Nephrology Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification in Hunan The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Hunan China
| | - Cheng‐yuan Tang
- Department of Nephrology Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification in Hunan The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Hunan China
| | - Dong Zeng
- Department of Nephrology Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification in Hunan The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Hunan China
| | - Heng‐ting Xiao
- Department of Nephrology Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification in Hunan The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Hunan China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Nephrology Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification in Hunan The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Hunan China
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44
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Keratoconus-susceptibility gene identification by corneal thickness genome-wide association study and artificial intelligence IBM Watson. Commun Biol 2020; 3:410. [PMID: 32737415 PMCID: PMC7395727 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01137-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Keratoconus is a common ocular disorder that causes progressive corneal thinning and is the leading indication for corneal transplantation. Central corneal thickness (CCT) is a highly heritable characteristic that is associated with keratoconus. In this two-stage genome-wide association study (GWAS) of CCT, we identified a locus for CCT, namely STON2 rs2371597 (P = 2.32 × 10−13), and confirmed a significant association between STON2 rs2371597 and keratoconus development (P = 0.041). Additionally, strong STON2 expression was observed in mouse corneal epithelial basal cells. We also identified SMAD3 rs12913547 as a susceptibility locus for keratoconus development using predictive analysis with IBM’s Watson question answering computer system (P = 0.001). Further GWAS analyses combined with Watson could effectively reveal detailed pathways underlying keratoconus development. Yoshikatsu Hosoda et al. study the genetic basis for central corneal thickness (CCT) that is associated with keratoconus. They identify two susceptibility loci, STON2 rs2371597 and SMAD3 rs12913547, using two-step genome-wide association study (GWAS) and predictive analysis with IBM’s Watson question answering computer system, respectively.
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Chen X, Chen S, Shen T, Yang W, Chen Q, Zhang P, You Y, Sun X, Xu H, Tang Y, Mi J, Yang Y, Ling W. Adropin regulates hepatic glucose production via PP2A/AMPK pathway in insulin-resistant hepatocytes. FASEB J 2020; 34:10056-10072. [PMID: 32579277 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000115rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Adropin as a secretory peptide has shown a protective role on the disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism. However, the role and mechanism of this peptide on the hepatic glucose production has remained unclear. Adropin knockout (KO) mice were generated to explore its effects on the enhanced hepatic glucose production in obesity. We found that compared to wild-type (WT) mice, adropin-KO mice developed the unbalanced enhanced hepatic glucose production in advance of the whole-body insulin resistance (IR) by high-fat diet (HFD). Mechanistically, adropin dissociated CREB-CRTC2 and FoxO1-PGC1α complex and reduced their binding to the promoters of G6Pase and PEPCK to decrease glucose production in IR. However, these effects were not observed in insulin-sensitive hepatocytes. Furthermore, in IR hepatocytes, dampened AMPK signaling was re-activated by adropin treatment via inhibition of PP2A. To further authenticate AMPK role in vivo, we administrated HFD-fed mice with AAV8-CA AMPKα and found that AMPK activation functionally restored the aberrant glucose production and IR induced by adropin-deficiency. This study provides evidence that adropin activates the AMPK pathway via inhibition of PP2A and decreases the liver glucose production in IR context. Therefore, adropin may represent a novel target for the prevention and treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chen
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Shen Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Tianran Shen
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Wenqi Yang
- Laboratory Center for Sport Science and Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Physical Education, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, PR China.,Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Peiwen Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yiran You
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaoyuan Sun
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Huihui Xu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jiaxin Mi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, PR China.,School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Wenhua Ling
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, PR China
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Ren G, Guo JH, Qian YZ, Kong WJ, Jiang JD. Berberine Improves Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in HepG2 Cells Through AMPKα1 Activation. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:647. [PMID: 32457629 PMCID: PMC7225256 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim This study is designed to investigate whether or not AMP-activated protein kinase α1 (AMPKα1) is required for natural product berberine (BBR) to improve glucose and lipid metabolism in HepG2 cells. Methods AMPKα1 knocked-out (KO, AMPKα1-/-) cells were obtained by co-transfection of the CRISPR/Cas9 KO and HDR (homology-directed repair) plasmid into HepG2 cells, as well as subsequent screen with puromycin. The expression levels of target proteins or mRNAs were determined by western blot or real-time RT-PCR, respectively. Cellular AMPK activity, glucose consumption, lactate release, glucose production, and lipid accumulation were determined by kits. Results The results showed that the AMPKα1 gene was successfully KO in HepG2 cells. In AMPKα1-/- cells, the protein expression of AMPKα1 and phosphorylated-AMPKα1 (p-AMPKα1) disappeared, the level of total AMPKα declined to about 45–50% of wild type (p < 0.01), while p-AMPKα level and AMPK activity were reduced to less than 10% of wild type (p < 0.001). BBR increased p-AMPKα1, p-AMPKα, AMPK activity, and stimulated glucose consumption, lactate release, inhibited glucose production in wild type HepG2 cells (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). BBR also reduced intracellular lipid accumulation and suppressed the expression of lipogenic genes in oleic acid (OA) treated wild type HepG2 cells (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). In AMPKα1-/- HepG2 cells, the stimulating effects of BBR on p-AMPKα1, p-AMPKα, AMPK activity, and its improving effects on glucose and lipid metabolism were completely abolished. Conclusion Our study proves that AMPKα1 plays a critical role for BBR to improve glucose and lipid metabolism in HepG2 cells. Our results will provide new information to further understand the molecular mechanisms of BBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Ren
- Department of Virology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang-Hong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Zhen Qian
- Department of Virology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,School of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Wei-Jia Kong
- Department of Virology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Dong Jiang
- Department of Virology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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47
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Marcel N, Hedrick SM. A key control point in the T cell response to chronic infection and neoplasia: FOXO1. Curr Opin Immunol 2020; 63:51-60. [PMID: 32135399 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
T cells able to control neoplasia or chronic infections display a signature gene expression profile similar or identical to that of central memory T cells. These cells have qualities of self-renewal and a plasticity that allow them to repeatedly undergo activation (growth, proliferation, and differentiation), followed by quiescence. It is these qualities that define the ability of T cells to establish an equilibrium with chronic infectious agents, and also preserve the ability of T cells to be re-activated (by checkpoint therapy) in response to malignant cancers. Here we describe distinctions between the forms of inhibition mediated by tumors and persistent viruses, we review the properties of T cells associated with long-term immunity, and we identify the transcription factor, FOXO1, as the control point for a program of gene expression that allows CD8+ T cells to undergo serial reactivation and self-renewal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimi Marcel
- Molecular Biology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, TATA Institute for Genetics and Society, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0377, United States
| | - Stephen M Hedrick
- Molecular Biology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, TATA Institute for Genetics and Society, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0377, United States.
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48
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Gao QQ, Zhou B, Yu XZ, Zhang Z, Wang YY, Song YP, Zhang L, Luo H, Xi MR. Transcriptome changes induced by RUNX3 in cervical cancer cells in vitro. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:651-662. [PMID: 31897181 PMCID: PMC6924183 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.11128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Runt-related transcription factor 3 (RUNX3) is a member of Runt domain family that is known to play key roles in various different types of tumor. It was recently demonstrated that RUNX3 may also be associated with cervical cancer. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential association between transcriptome changes and RUNX3 expression in cervical cancer. A RUNX3 overexpression model was constructed using cervical cancer cell lines by RUNX3 plasmid transfection. It was demonstrated that the upregulated expression of RUNX3 inhibited proliferation of cervical cancer cell lines, particularly SiHa cells, and was associated with the expression of the IL-6, PTGS2, FOSL1 and TNF genes. In addition, it was revealed that the TNF and FoxO pathways may also be affected by RUNX3. Therefore, the expression of the RUNX3 gene may be involved in the occurrence and progression of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Qian Gao
- Department of Ultrasound, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecological and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xiu-Zhang Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Zhu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Yun Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecological and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Ping Song
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecological and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecological and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Hong Luo
- Department of Ultrasound, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Rong Xi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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PP2ACα of Alveolar Macrophages Is a Novel Protective Factor for LPS-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Inflammation 2019; 42:1004-1014. [PMID: 30684253 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-019-00962-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is one main serine/threonine phosphatase in eukaryotes, and its activation changes have been linked to modulation of numerous pathological processes, such as cancer, inflammation, fibrosis, and neurodegenerative diseases. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), the major cause of respiratory failure, remains with limited therapies available up to now. Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are essential to innate immunity and host defense, participating in the pathogenesis of ARDS. As a result, AMs are considered as a potential therapeutic target for ARDS. In our study, we firstly found that PP2A activity was significantly decreased in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated AMs. Furthermore, adoptive transfer of AMs with enhanced PP2A enzyme activity that was improved by C2-ceramide prior to LPS exposure alleviated acute lung inflammation. Conversely, AM-specific ablation of PP2ACα exacerbated inflammatory responses to LPS. Mechanistically, PP2ACα negatively regulates LPS-induced cytokine secretion of AMs by NF-κB and MAPK pathways. Together, these findings provide the evidence to guide the development of novel therapeutic options targeting PP2ACα for ARDS/acute lung injury.
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50
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Penniman CM, Suarez Beltran PA, Bhardwaj G, Junck TL, Jena J, Poro K, Hirshman MF, Goodyear LJ, O'Neill BT. Loss of FoxOs in muscle reveals sex-based differences in insulin sensitivity but mitigates diet-induced obesity. Mol Metab 2019; 30:203-220. [PMID: 31767172 PMCID: PMC6819874 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2019.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Gender influences obesity-related complications, including diabetes. Females are more protected from insulin resistance after diet-induced obesity, which may be related to fat accumulation and muscle insulin sensitivity. FoxOs regulate muscle atrophy and are targets of insulin action, but their role in muscle insulin sensitivity and mitochondrial metabolism is unknown. METHODS We measured muscle insulin signaling, mitochondrial energetics, and metabolic responses to a high-fat diet (HFD) in male and female muscle-specific FoxO1/3/4 triple knock-out (TKO) mice. RESULTS In male TKO muscle, insulin-stimulated AKT activation was decreased. AKT2 protein and mRNA levels were reduced and insulin receptor protein and IRS-2 mRNA decreased. These changes contributed to decreased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in glycolytic muscle in males. In contrast, female TKOs maintain normal insulin-mediated AKT phosphorylation, normal AKT2 levels, and normal glucose uptake in glycolytic muscle. When challenged with a HFD, fat gain was attenuated in both male and female TKO mice, and associated with decreased glucose levels, improved glucose homeostasis, and reduced muscle triglyceride accumulation. Furthermore, female TKO mice showed increased energy expenditure, relative to controls, due to increased lean mass and maintenance of mitochondrial function in muscle. CONCLUSIONS FoxO deletion in muscle uncovers sexually dimorphic regulation of AKT2, which impairs insulin signaling in male mice, but not females. However, loss of FoxOs in muscle from both males and females also leads to muscle hypertrophy and increases in metabolic rate. These factors mitigate fat gain and attenuate metabolic abnormalities in response to a HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christie M Penniman
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Pablo A Suarez Beltran
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Gourav Bhardwaj
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Taylor L Junck
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Jayashree Jena
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Kennedy Poro
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Michael F Hirshman
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Laurie J Goodyear
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Brian T O'Neill
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
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