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Rosa PJ, Brazão N, Carvalho J. Psychometric Properties of the Sexually Aggressive Behaviors Scale: Factor Structure, Reliability, and Construct Validity in a Sample of Portuguese Female College Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OFFENDER THERAPY AND COMPARATIVE CRIMINOLOGY 2024; 68:1197-1215. [PMID: 35861240 PMCID: PMC11292983 DOI: 10.1177/0306624x221113535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the psychometric properties of the Sexually Aggressive Behaviors Scale (SABS) in a sample of 1,632 heterosexual Portuguese female college students, aged between 18 and 39 years old (M = 22.40; SD = 4.31). The internal structure of the scale was investigated, along with analyses of the internal consistency, and validity evidence in relation to external variables. Participants completed an online survey that was disseminated using Portuguese universities' mailing lists and social networks. Results supported a single factor solution consisting of 10 items. Evidence was gathered in favor of the internal consistency and convergent/discriminant validity in relation to other variables, such as rape myths, psychopathic traits, and perception of intimacy. This study adds to the evidence of the SABS being an appropriate evaluation tool with female college students, allowing the rigorous assessment of sexual violence as committed by community women against a reluctant male partner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro J. Rosa
- Lusófona University, HEI-Lab, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto Superior Manuel Teixeira Gomes (ISMAT), Portimão, Portugal
| | - Nélio Brazão
- Lusófona University, HEI-Lab, Lisbon, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Portugal
- Portuguese Ministry of Justice, Lisbon, Portugal
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Siddi S, Ochoa S, Larøi F, Lincoln TM, Schlier B, Zaytseva Y, Laloyaux J, Kozáková E, Cella M, Ntouros E, Bozikas V, Rocha NB, Gawęda Ł, Rocha SA, Preti A. A cross-national investigation of psychosis-like experiences in five European countries included in the E-CLECTIC study: Psychometric challenges in studying their measurement. Psychiatry Res 2024; 339:116072. [PMID: 39002501 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.116072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) are subtle, subclinical perturbations of perceptions and thoughts and are common in the general population. Their characterisation and unidimensionality are still debated. METHODS This study was conducted by the Electronic-halluCinations-Like Experiences Cross-culTural International Consortium (E-CLECTIC) and aimed at measuring the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE) factorial structure across five European countries (Belgium; Czech Republic, Germany; Greece, and Spain) and testing the adequacy of the unidimensional polytomous Rasch model of the tool via Partial Credit Model (PCM) of the CAPE to detect people with a high risk for developing psychosis. RESULTS The sample included 1461 participants from the general population. The factorial analysis confirmed the best fit for the bifactor implementation of the three-factor model, including the positive, negative and depressive dimensions and a general factor. Moreover, the unidimensional polytomous Rasch analysis confirmed that CAPE responses reflected one underlying psychosis proneness. CONCLUSIONS The study proved that the CAPE measures a single latent dimension of psychosis-proneness. The CAPE might help locate and estimate psychosis risk and can be used as a screening tool in primary care settings/education settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Siddi
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Susana Ochoa
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Frank Larøi
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Psychology and Neuroscience of Cognition Research Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Tania M Lincoln
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Human Movement Science, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Björn Schlier
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Human Movement Science, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yuliya Zaytseva
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | | | - Eva Kozáková
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Matteo Cella
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Evangelos Ntouros
- Psychiatric Department, 424 General Military Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece; 2nd Department of Psychiatry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Psychiatric Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vasileios Bozikas
- 2nd Department of Psychiatry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Psychiatric Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nuno Barbosa Rocha
- Center for Translational Health and Medical Biotechnology Research, School of Health, Polytechnic University of Porto (P.PORTO), Porto, Portugal
| | - Łukasz Gawęda
- Department of Psychiatry, The Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Susana Aguiar Rocha
- Center for Translational Health and Medical Biotechnology Research, School of Health, Polytechnic University of Porto (P.PORTO), Porto, Portugal
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Stockner M, Convertino G, Talbot J, Marchetti M, Mitaritonna D, Vicario M, Mazzoni G. An exploration of Italian laypeople's belief in how human memory works. Memory 2024:1-17. [PMID: 39116041 DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2024.2387093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
We present the first study to measure the beliefs held by Italian laypeople about how human memory works, using a newly developed tool: the Italian Memory Belief Questionnaire (IMBQ). Research conducted in other countries has demonstrated that beliefs about memory vary widely between different professional and non-professional groups, indicating that limitations exist regarding the dissemination of empirically researched scientific knowledge. To ascertain what Italian people understand about memory-related topics, including eyewitness testimony, repression of traumatic memories and factors influencing memory recall, 301 native Italian participants completed the IMBQ in Study 1. In Study 2, 346 additional participants completed the IMBQ, alongside various additional measures, to examine the construct validity of our new instrument and investigate socio-demographic predictors of memory beliefs. Exploratory factor analysis in Study 1 identified three distinct belief factors that were present in the dataset: eyewitness and memory reliability, trauma and remembering and aspects that improve remembering. Study 2 partially confirmed this factor structure and found IMBQ scores to correlate with existing memory belief questionnaires. Correlations were also found between the IMBQ subscales and measures of fantasy proneness, but not dissociation. In both studies, many Italian laypeople strongly endorsed the notion that controversial topics (i.e., repression) are possible. Contrastingly, Italian laypeople do appear to understand the conceivable inaccuracies of memory in eyewitness settings. Sex, age and education were shown to predict beliefs about memory. Findings are discussed in relation to the importance of addressing misinformation about memory, especially in clinical and forensic settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Stockner
- Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, "Sapienza", University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Jessica Talbot
- Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, "Sapienza", University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Marchetti
- Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, "Sapienza", University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Danilo Mitaritonna
- Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, "Sapienza", University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Vicario
- Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, "Sapienza", University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuliana Mazzoni
- Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, "Sapienza", University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Friedrich M, Schulte T, Malburg M, Hinz A. Sleep quality in cancer patients: a common metric for several instruments measuring sleep quality. Qual Life Res 2024:10.1007/s11136-024-03752-7. [PMID: 39102095 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-024-03752-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sleep problems are frequently observed in cancer patients. Multiple questionnaires for assessing sleep quality have been developed. The aim of this study was to present transfer rules that allow the conversion of the patients' scores from one questionnaire to another. In addition, we anchored this common metric to the general population. METHODS A sample of 1,733 cancer patients completed the following questionnaires: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Insomnia Sleep Index, Jenkins Sleep Scale, EORTC QLQ-C30, and the sleep scale of the EORTC QLQ-SURV100. The methods for establishing a common metric were based on Item Response Theory. RESULTS The main result of the study is a figure that allows the conversion from one of the above-mentioned sleep scales into another. Furthermore, the scores of the questionnaires can be transferred to theta scores that indicate the position within the group of cancer patients and also to T scores that indicate the position in relation to the general population. The correlations between the sleep scales ranged between 0.70 and 0.85. CONCLUSIONS The conversion rules presented in the study enable researchers and clinicians to directly compare single scores or mean scores across studies using different sleep scales, to assess the degree of sleep problems with regard to the general population, and to relate cutoff scores from one questionnaire to another.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Friedrich
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Central Germany (CCCG), Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Thomas Schulte
- Rehabilitation Clinic Bad Oexen, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Merle Malburg
- Rehabilitation Clinic Bad Oexen, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Andreas Hinz
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Central Germany (CCCG), Leipzig, Germany
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Dissanayake AS, Dupuis A, Arnold PD, Burton CL, Crosbie J, Schachar RJ, Levy T. Is irritability multidimensional: Psychometrics of The Irritability and Dysregulation of Emotion Scale (TIDES-13). Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:2767-2780. [PMID: 38228758 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02350-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Irritability is a common, impairing, and potentially multifaceted manifestation of psychopathology. We designed The Irritability and Dysregulation of Emotion Scale (TIDES-13) to determine whether various expressions of irritability in children and youth form multiple subdimensions with distinct correlates. We administered parent-report (n = 3875, mean age = 8.9) and youth self-report (n = 579, mean age = 15.1) versions of TIDES-13 in a population and community-based sample. We conducted exploratory/confirmatory factor analyses and regression analyses to examine the dimensionality of TIDES-13 and the associations of the scale with age, gender, anxiety, depression, ODD, ADHD traits, and the Affective Reactivity Index (ARI). A higher-order model with a global irritability dimension and four subdimensions, including proneness to anger (PA), internalized negative emotional reactivity (iNER), externalized negative emotional reactivity (eNER), and reactive aggression (RA), showed good to excellent fit in both parent-report and self-report. The global irritability dimension showed excellent internal reliability (⍵Total; parent-report = 0.97, ⍵Total; self-report = 0.95), explained a majority of the item variance (⍵Hierarchical; parent-report = 0.94, ⍵Hierarchical; self-report = 0.90), and was moderately correlated with the ARI (rparent = 0.68, rself = 0.77). Subdimensions PA, eNER, and RA were negatively associated with age in males, whereas iNER was positively associated with age in females. Traits of ODD and ADHD were associated primarily with the global irritability dimension, whereas iNER was strongly associated with anxiety and depression traits over and above the global irritability dimension. Our results support a unidimensional interpretation of irritability in a population sample. However, limited evidence of specific behavioral, age, and sex correlates with particular irritability subdimensions may warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Annie Dupuis
- Department of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Paul D Arnold
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Christie L Burton
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Neurosciences and Mental Health/Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer Crosbie
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Neurosciences and Mental Health/Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Russell J Schachar
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Neurosciences and Mental Health/Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Tomer Levy
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Behavior Regulation Service, Geha Mental Health Center, Petach-Tikva, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Barkauskienė R, Sharp C, Kerr S, Gaudiešiūtė E, Goth K, Skabeikytė-Norkienė G. Examining the Validity of the Levels of Personality Functioning Questionnaire for Adolescents Aged 12-18 (LOPF-Q 12-18): A Replication and Extension With a Sample of Lithuanian Adolescents. J Pers Disord 2024; 38:330-349. [PMID: 39093632 DOI: 10.1521/pedi.2024.38.4.330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
With the shift to the dimensional model of personality pathology, the need for measures assessing personality functioning in adolescence has emerged. The Levels of Personality Functioning Questionnaire 12-18 (LoPF-Q 12-18) was developed specifically for adolescents, tailoring the Alternative Model of Personality Disorders in the DSM-5. Using the Lithuanian LoPF-Q 1218, we further investigate its validity by reexamining its factorial structure and extending convergent, discriminant, and incremental validity analyses. A total of 1,048 community-based and clinically referred 12-18-year-old adolescents completed the LoPF-Q 12-18 along with other self-report measures of personality pathology, psychopathological symptoms, and psychosocial functioning. In line with previous findings, the results supported the bifactor model consisting of a strong general factor and little multidimensionality caused by the group factors, overall suggesting an essentially unidimensional structure. Further analyses provided additional information on the construct validity of the LoPF-Q 12-18.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carla Sharp
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Sophie Kerr
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Kirstin Goth
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Clinics Saarland, Homburg, Germany
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Erez C, Gordon I. The Imperfect Yet Valuable Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale: Factor Structure, Dimensionality, and Possible Cutoff Score. Assessment 2024:10731911241261168. [PMID: 39054870 DOI: 10.1177/10731911241261168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) is frequently used to assess emotion regulation (ER) capabilities. Originally a multidimensional scale, many utilize its total score, without clear recommendations. We aimed to explore the DERS's structure, dimensionality, and utility and provide clinicians and researchers with clear guidelines. Self-report data on ER, personality, psychopathology, and life satisfaction were collected from 502 adults. Seventy also participated in a lab study evaluating group interactions, which included additional self-report and physiological monitoring. Findings suggested favoring the correlated-traits and bifactor models, the latter excelling in direct comparisons. The total score was found reliable and valid, explaining 53.3% of the variance, with a distinct emotional awareness subfactor, suggesting a non-pure unidimensional solution. A cutoff score of 95 identified significant ER difficulties, linked to psychopathology. We thus recommend using the DERS's total score and 95 as its cutoff, while calling for further validation in diverse and clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Erez
- Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Ilanit Gordon
- Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
- Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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8
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Choquette AE, Berlin KS, Desai KR, Ankney RL, Tillery-Webster R, Harry KR, Holden L, Cook JL, Keenan-Pfeiffer ME, Semenkovich KA, Klages KL, Rybak TJ, Banks GG, Sumpter K, Eddington AR. Differential item functioning of the revised Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure (MEIM-R) in racially and income diverse youth with type 1 diabetes. J Pediatr Psychol 2024:jsae059. [PMID: 39028981 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsae059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Racially minoritized youth with T1D are made vulnerable to disproportionately adverse health outcomes compared to White peers due to enduring systems of oppression. Thus, understanding modifiable psychosocial factors associated with diabetes-related outcomes in racially minoritized youth may help to buffer deleterious effects of racism. One factor meriting exploration is racial-ethnic identity. There is currently limited research on measures fit to assess ethnic identity in youth with chronic illnesses. This study's purpose is to examine the factor structure, reliability, and validity of the revised Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure (MEIM-R) in a racially- and income-diverse sample of youth with T1D across sociodemographic and illness-related proxies for one's positionality in oppressive systems. METHOD As part of a larger study examining resilience, 142 youth with T1D ages 12-18 (Mage = 14.66, SDage = 1.62, 55.6% Black/African-American, 44.4% White) completed the MEIM-R and various psychosocial measures. HbA1c levels and illness duration were extracted from medical records and caregivers reported income information. Confirmatory factor analyses compared the structural validity of competing MEIM-R models, and uniform and non-uniform differential item functioning (DIF) was explored across sociodemographic and illness-related factors. RESULTS While a bifactor structure was supported, the MEIM-R was found to exhibit DIF by race and gender on multiple MEIM-R items and did not demonstrate linear bivariate relations with other psychosocial factors. CONCLUSIONS Since different MEIM-R item response patterns were observed across racial/ethnic and gender groups, caution is warranted in using this measure in racially and gender diverse youth with T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adora E Choquette
- Department of Psychology, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Kristoffer S Berlin
- Department of Psychology, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology & Diabetes, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Kishan R Desai
- Department of Psychology, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Rachel L Ankney
- Department of Psychology, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Rachel Tillery-Webster
- Department of Psychology and Biobehavioral Sciences, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Kasey R Harry
- Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - LaTasha Holden
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois-Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - Jessica L Cook
- Pediatric Mental Health Institute, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Mary E Keenan-Pfeiffer
- Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Katherine A Semenkovich
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Nationwide Children's Hospital/The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Kimberly L Klages
- Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Tiffany J Rybak
- Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Gabrielle G Banks
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Kathryn Sumpter
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology & Diabetes, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Angelica R Eddington
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, United States
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Navarrete J, Rodríguez-Freire C, Sanabria-Mazo JP, Martínez-Rubio D, McCracken LM, Gallego A, Sundstrom FTA, Serrat M, Alonso J, Feliu-Soler A, Nieto R, Luciano JV. Psychometric examination of the Multidimensional Psychological Flexibility Inventory Short Form (MPFI-24) and the Psy-Flex Spanish versions in individuals with chronic pain. Eur J Pain 2024. [PMID: 39031492 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.4704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) has been found to be beneficial for individuals dealing with chronic pain. The theoretical mechanisms of change proposed by ACT are based on the Hexaflex model. To comprehensively reflect this model, the Multidimensional Psychological Flexibility Inventory (MPFI) and Psy-Flex have been developed. The study aimed to adapt the MPFI-24 and the Psy-Flex for Spanish-speaking populations with chronic pain and to examine their dimensionality, internal consistency, convergent validity and incremental validity. METHODS This cross-sectional study involved 309 Spanish-speaking adults with chronic pain who completed an online survey. The majority of the participants were women (88.3%). The ages ranged from 18 to 79 years. RESULTS Factor analysis showed that the Spanish version of the MPFI-24 has 12 factors, consisting of six flexibility and six inflexibility factors, similar to the original version, but lacking second-order general factors. The Psy-Flex demonstrated a single-factor structure, maintaining the general factor of psychological flexibility seen in the original version. The MPFI-24 showed good internal consistency and adequate convergent validity, with the exception of the Acceptance and Experiential Avoidance subscales. The Psy-Flex showed good internal consistency and convergent validity. Notably, both the MPFI-24 and Psy-Flex scores significantly explained additional variance in psychological distress beyond other ACT-related measures of Hexaflex processes; however, only the Psy-Flex explained pain interference. CONCLUSIONS The Spanish adaptations of the MPFI-24 and Psy-Flex are valid and reliable instruments for assessing the Hexaflex model processes in Spanish-speaking adults with chronic pain. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Practitioners and researchers in chronic pain will find the Spanish versions of the MPFI-24 and the Psy-Flex here, along with recommendations for their use and scoring based on a robust psychometric rationale. It should be noted that these measures surpass the Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire (CPAQ) and the Psychological Inflexibility in Pain Scale (PIPS), which are considered gold standards in chronic pain assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Navarrete
- Teaching, Research & Innovation Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan De Déu, Sant Boi De Llobregat, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carla Rodríguez-Freire
- Teaching, Research & Innovation Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan De Déu, Sant Boi De Llobregat, Spain
| | - Juan P Sanabria-Mazo
- Teaching, Research & Innovation Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan De Déu, Sant Boi De Llobregat, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Basic, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - David Martínez-Rubio
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Psychology, Universidad Europea de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | | | - Ana Gallego
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- School of Wellbeing, JYU.Well, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | | | - Mayte Serrat
- Unitat d'Expertesa en Síndromes de Sensibilització Central, Servei de Reumatologia, Vall d'Hebron Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Alonso
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Health Services Research Unit, Hospital del Mar Research Institute Barcelona (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Feliu-Soler
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Rubén Nieto
- eHealth Lab Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan V Luciano
- Teaching, Research & Innovation Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan De Déu, Sant Boi De Llobregat, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
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10
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Meng R, Jiang C, Fong DYT, Portoghese I, Zhu Y, Spruyt K, Ma H. Assessment of psychometric performance for the Chinese version of the Brief Inventory of Perceived Stress integrating exploratory graph analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Qual Life Res 2024:10.1007/s11136-024-03681-5. [PMID: 39008142 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-024-03681-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was to evaluate measurement properties of the Chinese version of the Brief Inventory of Perceived Stress (BIPS-C) and confirm possible solutions for measuring the constructs underlying perceived stress. METHODS A total of 1356 community residents enrolled and were randomly split into two halves. The first half was used to explore the underlying constructs of the BIPS-C by exploratory graph analysis (EGA) and the second half was used to compare and confirm the constructs by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). RESULTS The EGA identified a one-factor model of the BIPS-C with an accuracy of 99.3%. One-factor, three-factor, second-order, and bifactor models were compared by CFAs. The bifactor model with one general and three specific factors was found to be the most adequate [comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.990; Tucker-Lewis index (TLI) = 0.979; root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.058] and was superior to the other models. The related bifactor indices showed a stronger existence of the general factor. The bifactor model of the BIPS-C also showed adequate internal consistency with McDonald's omega and omega subscales ranging from moderate to strong (0.677-0.869). CONCLUSION The BIPS-C demonstrates sufficient measurement properties for assessing general perceived stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runtang Meng
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 2318, Yuhangtang Rd, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Mobile Health Management System, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Chen Jiang
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 2318, Yuhangtang Rd, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Daniel Yee Tak Fong
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Igor Portoghese
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Yihong Zhu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Karen Spruyt
- Université Paris Cité, NeuroDiderot, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Haiyan Ma
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 2318, Yuhangtang Rd, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
- Engineering Research Center of Mobile Health Management System, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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11
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Park Y, Guimond AJ, Crosswell AD, Kubzansky LD. Associations of global and specific components of positive psychological well-being with mortality risk: Findings from two cohort studies. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2024. [PMID: 38978336 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Previous studies have examined how various aspects of positive psychological well-being (PPWB) independently relate to healthy aging, yet a notable gap remains in understanding the effects of their overlap (i.e., shared variance). We used data from two longitudinal cohorts, the Midlife Development in the United States Study and the Health and Retirement Study (N = 3,302 and 7,209), each of which assessed hedonic and eudaimonic facets of PPWB (positive affect, purpose in life, personal growth, and self-acceptance) and tracked mortality status across 14-15 years of follow-up. We derived a global factor identifying elements common across PPWB facets and also specific PPWB factors from a bifactor model. Then, we examined if higher PPWB levels (global and specific) are associated with mortality risk. Across cohorts, higher global well-being factor levels were associated with reduced mortality risk, even after adjusting for a range of potential confounders. Fewer independent associations were evident with the specific PPWB factors. Findings suggest that variance common across hedonic and eudaimonic facets of PPWB is associated with lower mortality risk. Considering the shared versus unique effects of different PPWB facets can offer valuable insights for theorizing mechanisms underlying health benefits of PPWB and guiding decisions about intervention targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoobin Park
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Anne-Josee Guimond
- Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Laura D Kubzansky
- Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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12
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Kitamura T, Hada A, Usui Y, Ohashi Y. Development of the Japanese Version of the Test of Self-Conscious Affect-3 (TOSCA-3): A Study among Student and Parent Population. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:576. [PMID: 39062399 PMCID: PMC11273926 DOI: 10.3390/bs14070576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Test of Self-Conscious Affect-3 (TOSCA-3) is a scenario-based measure of self-conscious emotions. We aimed to create an abridged version of the TOSCA-3 that is appropriate for Japanese populations and has a good fit with the data, as well as validate its subscales. METHODS The TOSCA-3 was distributed to (a) a university student population (n = 512: Study 1) and (b) a parent population (n = 260: Study 2). In both studies, items with factor loading < 0.33 were deleted one by one to select culturally appropriate scenarios for each of the six domains of self-conscious emotions. In Study 1, self-conscious emotions were correlated with the other correlates. RESULTS Most of the final models showed a good fit with the data. In Study 1, the six domains of self-conscious emotions showed correlations with depression and related items, dispositional coping styles, experiences in childhood, ego function, borderline and narcissistic personality traits, and adult attachment styles, almost in the expected fashions. CONCLUSIONS The TOSCA-3 is a useful tool to measure self-conscious emotions among Japanese student and parent populations if a few culturally inappropriate scenarios are deleted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshinori Kitamura
- Kitamura Institute of Mental Health Tokyo, 2-26-3 Flat A, Tomigaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 151-0063, Japan; (T.K.); (Y.U.); (Y.O.)
- Kitamura KOKORO Clinic Mental Health, 2-26-3 Flat A, Tomigaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 151-0063, Japan
- T. and F. Kitamura Foundation for Studies and Skill Advancement in Mental Health, Tokyo 151-0063, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Ayako Hada
- Kitamura Institute of Mental Health Tokyo, 2-26-3 Flat A, Tomigaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 151-0063, Japan; (T.K.); (Y.U.); (Y.O.)
- Kitamura KOKORO Clinic Mental Health, 2-26-3 Flat A, Tomigaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 151-0063, Japan
- Department of Community Mental Health and Law, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan
- Department of Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Yuriko Usui
- Kitamura Institute of Mental Health Tokyo, 2-26-3 Flat A, Tomigaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 151-0063, Japan; (T.K.); (Y.U.); (Y.O.)
- Kitamura KOKORO Clinic Mental Health, 2-26-3 Flat A, Tomigaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 151-0063, Japan
- Department of Midwifery and Women’s Health, Division of Health Sciences and Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yukiko Ohashi
- Kitamura Institute of Mental Health Tokyo, 2-26-3 Flat A, Tomigaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 151-0063, Japan; (T.K.); (Y.U.); (Y.O.)
- T. and F. Kitamura Foundation for Studies and Skill Advancement in Mental Health, Tokyo 151-0063, Japan
- Faculty of Nursing, Josai International University, Togane, Chiba 283-8555, Japan
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13
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Mancinelli E, Cottu M, Salcuni S. Validation of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale-Short Form in a sample of Italian adolescents. J Clin Psychol 2024. [PMID: 38970816 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The primary objective of the present study is to validate the Difficulty in Emotion Regulation Scale-Short Form (DERS-SF) in a sample of Italian adolescents. Additionally, we aim to evaluate its factorial structure by examining the contribution of each subscale (i.e., Nonacceptance, Clarity, Awareness, Goals, Impulse, Strategy) on the general factor using bi-factor models by replicating a past study. METHOD The sample comprises N = 704 adolescents aged 11-17 years (M = 13.38, SD = 1.37; 53.12% females). To establish external validity, correlation and path analyses were conducted between the DERS-SF sub-scales, the total score, and measures of internalizing and externalizing symptoms, as well as Problematic Smartphone Use (PSU). Measurement invariance was tested comparing males versus females and pre-adolescents and adolescents. RESULTS Overall, results supported the multidimensional nature of the DERS-SF, confirming its original six-factor structure. However, bi-factor models analysis revealed that the Awareness subscale should be excluded when calculating the total score. Furthermore, findings indicated that the Strategy subscale variance is largely accounted for by the general factor rather than the specific subscale. In terms of external validity, significant positive associations between the DERS-SF sub-scales, the total score, and PSU, internalizing and externalizing symptoms were observed. Measurement invariance was supported. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, findings support the validity of the DERS-SF among Italian Adolescents and provide insights relevant to the understanding of the multifaceted facets of emotion regulation, emphasizing its relevance as a transdiagnostic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Mancinelli
- Department of Developmental and Socialization Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Digital Health Lab, Centre for Digital Health and Wellbeing, Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Trento, Italy
| | - Manuela Cottu
- Department of Developmental and Socialization Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Silvia Salcuni
- Department of Developmental and Socialization Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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14
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Vajsz K, Paulina LR, Trejo S, Andaverde-Vega AA, Swanson JM, Miklósi M. Psychometric properties of the self-report version of the Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD Symptoms and Normal Behavior Scale in a sample of Hungarian adolescents and young adults. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1330716. [PMID: 39026526 PMCID: PMC11255780 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1330716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD Symptoms and Normal Behaviour Scale (SWAN) measures the full spectrum of attention and activity symptoms, not just the negative end of the distribution. Previous studies revealed strong psychometric properties of the parent and teacher report versions; however, there is little research on the new self-report form of the SWAN. Therefore, our research aimed to explore the psychometric characteristics of the SWAN self-report. A non-clinical sample of young women (N = 664, mean age: 20.01 years, SD: 3.08 years) completed the SWAN self-report, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and the Mental Health Continuum Short Form (MHC-SF). We tested several models using confirmatory factor analyses to assess the factorial validity of the SWAN self-report. Distributional characteristics, convergent, and predictive validity were assessed. A bifactor model with a general factor and a specific inattention factor (bifactor-1) provided the best fit in our data (CFI = 0.977, TLI/NFI = 0.972, RMSEA = 0.053 [90% CI: 0.047 - 0.059], SRMR = 0.061, ω = 0.90). The reliability of the general ADHD factor was good (ωh = 0.87), and the specific inattention factor was acceptable (ωh = 0.73). The distribution of the SWAN self-report scores did not differ from the normal distribution. A strong correlation between the SWAN and the SDQ Hyperactivity subscale was found. The analyses revealed good predictive validity. Our results suggest that the SWAN self-report is a valuable tool for assessing symptoms of ADHD in adolescents and young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kornél Vajsz
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Developmental and Clinical Child Psychology, Psychological Institute, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Laura R. Paulina
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Salvador Trejo
- Facultad de Medicina y Psicología, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Tijuana, Mexico
| | - Adrián A. Andaverde-Vega
- Unidad Académica de Trabajo Social y Ciencias para el Desarrollo Humano, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Ciudad Victoria, Mexico
| | - James M. Swanson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Mónika Miklósi
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Developmental and Clinical Child Psychology, Psychological Institute, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Centre of Mental Health, Heim Pál National Pediatric Institute, Budapest, Hungary
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15
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Cabrera OA, Trachik BJ, Ganulin ML, Dretsch MN, Adler AB. Longitudinal measurement invariance and growth curve modeling of psychological resilience across the deployment cycle. MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 36:393-402. [PMID: 38913767 PMCID: PMC11197912 DOI: 10.1080/08995605.2023.2188846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
The concept of resilience is embedded within military culture and professional identity. To date, temporal changes in individuals' perceptions of their own resilience have not been systematically assessed in highstakes occupational contexts, like the military. The current study examined change in selfreported resilience over time by: (1) examining the longitudinal measurement invariance of the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS); (2) assessing the longitudinal pattern of resilience across a combat deployment cycle; and (3) examining predictors of postdeployment resilience and change in resilience scores across time. U.S. Army soldiers assigned to a combat brigade completed a survey at four time points over the course of a deployment cycle: (a) prior to deployment to Afghanistan; (b) during deployment; (c) immediately following return to home station; and (d) approximately 2-3 months thereafter. The longitudinal measurement invariance of the BRS was established. Growth curve modeling indicated that, on average, self-reported resilience decreased across the deployment cycle, but there was considerable individual variation in the rate of change. Of note, loneliness, as measured during deployment, predicted the rate of change in self-reported resilience over time. Results have implications for the longitudinal analysis of resilience and for the development of interventions with military personnel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar A. Cabrera
- Center for the Study of Traumatic Stress, Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Benjamin J. Trachik
- U.S. Army Medical Research Directorate-West, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Joint Base Lewis-McChord, Washington
| | - Michelle L. Ganulin
- U.S. Army Medical Research Directorate-West, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Joint Base Lewis-McChord, Washington
| | - Michael N. Dretsch
- U.S. Army Medical Research Directorate-West, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Joint Base Lewis-McChord, Washington
| | - Amy B. Adler
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland
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16
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Mantzalas J, Richdale AL, Li X, Dissanayake C. Measuring and validating autistic burnout. Autism Res 2024; 17:1417-1449. [PMID: 38660943 DOI: 10.1002/aur.3129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Researchers have begun to explore the characteristics and risk factors for autistic burnout, but assessment tools are lacking. Our study comprehensively examined and compared the psychometric properties of the unpublished 27-item AASPIRE Autistic Burnout Measure (ABM), and personal and work scales of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) to evaluate their efficacy as screening measures for autistic burnout, with a group of 238 autistic adults. Exploratory factor analyses (EFA) revealed a 4-factor structure for the ABM and a 2-factor structure for the CBI personal scale (CBI-P). Factorial validity and dimensionality were examined with four exploratory models which indicated a unidimensional structure for the ABM with an overarching 'Autistic Burnout' construct, and multidimensional CBI-P structure comprising two subscales and overarching 'Personal Burnout' construct. Other reliability and validity indicators included Spearman correlations, analysis of variance, receiver operating characteristics, sensitivity, specificity, and intra-class correlations (ICC). The ABM and CBI-P were strongly correlated with depression, anxiety, stress, and fatigue. Unexpectedly, correlations between the burnout measures and camouflaging, and wellbeing measures were moderate. Potential overlap between burnout and depression and fatigue was examined through EFA, which supported convergent validity of the ABM and depression measure, while correlations and ICC analyses revealed mixed results. We concluded that the ABM and the CBI-P Emotional Exhaustion subscale were valid preliminary screening tools for autistic burnout. Testing with larger and more diverse autistic samples is required to further examine the psychometric properties of the ABM, and to understand the relationships between autistic burnout and depression, and masking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Mantzalas
- Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Amanda L Richdale
- Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Xia Li
- La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Cheryl Dissanayake
- Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
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17
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Moreira H, Hollins Martin CJ, Martin C. Factor structure and psychometric properties of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised in Portuguese postpartum women. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2024; 42:715-730. [PMID: 36786643 DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2023.2176473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to develop a Portuguese-language version of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R) for clinical and research use in Portugal (PT-BSS-R). The factor structure, its invariance across depression levels, and the internal consistency of the PT-BSS-R were analysed. METHOD A sample of 1373 Portuguese-speaking postpartum women completed a sociodemographic and clinical form, the PT-BSS-R, and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale through an online survey tool. Four competing models were tested through confirmatory factor analyses and bifactor model-based psychometric indices were calculated. The internal consistency and the divergent/convergent validity are analysed. RESULTS The psychometric properties of PT-BSS-R were found to be generally excellent. Both the original correlated three-factor model and the bifactor model exhibited a good fit to the data. Results from the bifactor model support the use of both the BSS-R total score and the subscale scores. Exemplary invariance findings were observed between groups stratified on the basis of depression screening. PT-BSS-R has demonstrated both divergent and convergent validity as well as internal consistency. CONCLUSION PT-BSS-R is a psychometrically robust measure of birth satisfaction appropriate for clinical and research use in Portugal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Moreira
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive-Behavioural Intervention, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Colin Martin
- Institute for Health and Wellbeing, University of Suffolk, Ipswich, UK
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18
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Hare E, Essler JL, Otto CM, Ebbecke D, Serpell JA. Development of a modified C-BARQ for evaluating behavior in working dogs. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1371630. [PMID: 39005721 PMCID: PMC11239546 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1371630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Current high demand for effective odor detection dogs calls for the development of reliable methods for measuring performance-related behavioral phenotypes in these highly specialized working animals. The Canine Behavioral Assessment & Research Questionnaire (C-BARQ) is a widely used behavioral assessment tool among working dog organizations with a demonstrated ability to predict success/failure of dogs in training. However, this instrument was developed originally to study the prevalence of behavior problems in the pet dog population, and it therefore lacks the capacity to measure specific behavioral propensities that may also be important predictors of working dog success. The current paper examines the factor structure, internal reliability, and content validity of a modified version of the C-BARQ designed to evaluate four new domains of canine behavior in addition to those encompassed by the original C-BARQ. These domains, labeled Playfulness, Impulsivity, Distractibility, and Basophobia (fear of falling), respectively, describe aspects of canine behavior or temperament which are believed to contribute substantially to working dog performance. Methods Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) of owner/handler questionnaire responses based on a sample of 1,117 working odor detection dogs. Results A total of 15 factors were extracted by EFA, 10 of which correspond to original C-BARQ factors. The remaining 5 comprise the four new domains- Playfulness, Impulsivity, Distractibility, and Basophobia- as well as a fifth new factor labeled Food focus. Discussion The resulting Working Dog Canine Behavioral Assessment & Research Questionnaire (WDC-BARQ) successfully expands the measurement capacities of the original C-BARQ to include dimensions of behavior/temperament of particular relevance to many working dog populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Hare
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Dog Genetics LLC, Astoria, NY, United States
| | - Jennifer Lynn Essler
- College of Agriculture and Technology, SUNY Cobleskill, Cobleskill, NY, United States
| | - Cynthia M Otto
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Dana Ebbecke
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - James A Serpell
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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19
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Lee SA, Caycho-Rodríguez T, Vilca LW, Neimeyer RA. Can a global score be derived from the Integration of Stressful Life Experiences Scale-Short Form (ISLES-SF)? Empirical support for a bi-factor model. DEATH STUDIES 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38889359 DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2024.2368330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The Integration of Stressful Life Experiences Scale-Short Form (ISLES-SF) is a popular, two-factor measure of meaning-making. Although researchers have used this instrument to calculate a global index of meaning-making, there has been little evidence to support this practice. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the validity of this approach by analyzing data from 2,380 American adults during the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. A series of confirmatory factor analyses, reliability analyses, and concurrent validity analyses support a bi-factor model of meaning-making. These results affirm the practice of not only using the ISLES-SF to measure meaning-making at a global level, but also to interpret its two specific dimensions (Comprehensibility and Footing in the World) as well.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lindsey W Vilca
- South American Center for Education and Research in Public Health, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima, Perú
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20
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Jones JD, Boyd RC, Sandro AD, Calkins ME, Los Reyes AD, Barzilay R, Young JF, Benton TD, Gur RC, Moore TM, Gur RE. The General Psychopathology 'p' Factor in Adolescence: Multi-Informant Assessment and Computerized Adaptive Testing. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2024:10.1007/s10802-024-01223-8. [PMID: 38869751 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-024-01223-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence supports the presence of a general psychopathology dimension, the p factor ('p'). Despite growing interest in the p factor, questions remain about how p is assessed. Although multi-informant assessment of psychopathology is commonplace in clinical research and practice with children and adolescents, almost no research has taken a multi-informant approach to studying youth p or has examined the degree of concordance between parent and youth reports. Further, estimating p requires assessment of a large number of symptoms, resulting in high reporter burden that may not be feasible in many clinical and research settings. In the present study, we used bifactor multidimensional item response theory models to estimate parent- and adolescent-reported p in a large community sample of youth (11-17 years) and parents (N = 5,060 dyads). We examined agreement between parent and youth p scores and associations with assessor-rated youth global functioning. We also applied computerized adaptive testing (CAT) simulations to parent and youth reports to determine whether adaptive testing substantially alters agreement on p or associations with youth global functioning. Parent-youth agreement on p was moderate (r =.44) and both reports were negatively associated with youth global functioning. Notably, 7 out of 10 of the highest loading items were common across reporters. CAT reduced the average number of items administered by 57%. Agreement between CAT-derived p scores was similar to the full form (r =.40) and CAT scores were negatively correlated with youth functioning. These novel results highlight the promise and potential clinical utility of a multi-informant p factor approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason D Jones
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Roberts Center for Pediatric Research, 2716 South Street, Philadelphia, PA 19146, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA.
| | - Rhonda C Boyd
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Roberts Center for Pediatric Research, 2716 South Street, Philadelphia, PA 19146, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Akira Di Sandro
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Monica E Calkins
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Andres De Los Reyes
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Ran Barzilay
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Roberts Center for Pediatric Research, 2716 South Street, Philadelphia, PA 19146, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Jami F Young
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Roberts Center for Pediatric Research, 2716 South Street, Philadelphia, PA 19146, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Tami D Benton
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Roberts Center for Pediatric Research, 2716 South Street, Philadelphia, PA 19146, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Ruben C Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Tyler M Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Raquel E Gur
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Roberts Center for Pediatric Research, 2716 South Street, Philadelphia, PA 19146, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
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21
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Bató A, Brodszky V, Mitev AZ, Jenei B, Rencz F. Psychometric properties and general population reference values for PROMIS Global Health in Hungary. THE EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS : HEPAC : HEALTH ECONOMICS IN PREVENTION AND CARE 2024; 25:549-562. [PMID: 37378690 PMCID: PMC11136746 DOI: 10.1007/s10198-023-01610-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System-Global Health (PROMIS-GH) is a widely used generic measure of health status. This study aimed to (1) assess the psychometric properties of the Hungarian PROMIS-GH and to (2) develop general population reference values in Hungary. METHODS An online cross-sectional survey was conducted among the Hungarian adult general population (n = 1700). Respondents completed the PROMIS-GH v1.2. Unidimensionality (confirmatory factor analysis and bifactor model), local independence, monotonicity (Mokken scaling), graded response model fit, item characteristic curves and measurement invariance were examined. Spearman's correlations were used to analyse convergent validity of PROMIS-GH subscales with SF-36v1 composites and subscales. Age- and gender-weighted T-scores were computed for the Global Physical Health (GPH) and Global Mental Health (GMH) subscales using the US item calibrations. RESULTS The item response theory assumptions of unidimensionality, local independence and monotonicity were met for both subscales. The graded response model showed acceptable fit indices for both subscales. No differential item functioning was detected for any sociodemographic characteristics. GMH T-scores showed a strong correlation with SF-36 mental health composite score (rs = 0.71) and GPH T-scores with SF-36 physical health composite score (rs = 0.83). Mean GPH and GMH T-scores of females were lower (47.8 and 46.4) compared to males (50.5 and 49.3) (p < 0.001), and both mean GPH and GMH T-scores decreased with age, suggesting worse health status (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION This study established the validity and developed general population reference values for the PROMIS-GH in Hungary. Population reference values facilitate the interpretation of patients' scores and allow inter-country comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Bató
- Károly Rácz Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Health Policy, Corvinus University of Budapest, 8 Fővám tér, Budapest, 1093, Hungary
| | - Valentin Brodszky
- Department of Health Policy, Corvinus University of Budapest, 8 Fővám tér, Budapest, 1093, Hungary
| | - Ariel Zoltán Mitev
- Institute of Marketing and Communication Sciences, Corvinus University of Budapest, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Jenei
- Department of Health Policy, Corvinus University of Budapest, 8 Fővám tér, Budapest, 1093, Hungary
| | - Fanni Rencz
- Department of Health Policy, Corvinus University of Budapest, 8 Fővám tér, Budapest, 1093, Hungary.
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22
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Miller CH, Hedges DW, Brown B, Olsen J, Baughan EC. Development of the scrupulosity inventory: A factor analysis and construct validity study. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 2024; 83:101926. [PMID: 38070454 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2023.101926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Scrupulosity, despite its considerable prevalence and morbidity, remains under-investigated. The present study develops and examines the psychometric properties of a comprehensive assessment tool, the Scrupulosity Inventory (SI). METHODS The SI, along with other measures of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and perfectionism, were administered to a sample (N = 150) of college undergraduates similar in size to other scale development studies of related measures. We conducted exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of the SI, examined its convergent and divergent validity, and assessed its ability to predict categorical diagnoses of scrupulosity using a receiver operator characteristic analysis. RESULTS We found a well-fitting confirmatory bifactor model (RMSEA = 0.049) with a strong general Scrupulosity factor ( [Formula: see text] ) and specific factors for Personal Violations ( [Formula: see text] ), Ritualized Behavior ( [Formula: see text] ), Interference with Life ( [Formula: see text] ), and Problem Pervasiveness ( [Formula: see text] ). As predicted, we also found the strongest convergence (r = 0.63) between the SI and the Penn Inventory of Scrupulosity (PIOS), intermediate convergence (r = 0.54) between the SI and Perfectionism Inventory (PI), and weaker convergence (r = 0.47) between the SI and YBOCS. Finally, we found that a categorical diagnosis of scrupulosity was highly predicted by the SI (AUC = 0.84), less well-predicted by the PIOS (AUC = 0.75) and less well predicted by the YBOCS (AUC = 0.69). LIMITATIONS This study was conducted among a sample of undergraduates at a religiously affiliated university. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest utility in using the SI to measure the severity of scrupulosity symptoms and that scrupulosity and OCD may present significantly different clinical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris H Miller
- California State University, Department of Psychology, Fresno, CA 93619, USA.
| | - Dawson W Hedges
- Brigham Young University, Department of Psychology, Provo, UT 84604, USA.
| | - Bruce Brown
- Brigham Young University, Department of Psychology, Provo, UT 84604, USA.
| | - Joseph Olsen
- Brigham Young University, Department of Psychology, Provo, UT 84604, USA.
| | - Elijah C Baughan
- Brigham Young University, Department of Psychology, Provo, UT 84604, USA.
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23
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Neufeld SAS, St Clair M, Brodbeck J, Wilkinson PO, Goodyer IM, Jones PB. Measurement Invariance in Longitudinal Bifactor Models: Review and Application Based on the p Factor. Assessment 2024; 31:774-793. [PMID: 37350099 PMCID: PMC11092300 DOI: 10.1177/10731911231182687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Bifactor models are increasingly being utilized to study latent constructs such as psychopathology and cognition, which change over the lifespan. Although longitudinal measurement invariance (MI) testing helps ensure valid interpretation of change in a construct over time, this is rarely and inconsistently performed in bifactor models. Our review of MI simulation literature revealed that only one study assessed MI in bifactor models under limited conditions. Recommendations for how to assess MI in bifactor models are suggested based on existing simulation studies of related models. Estimator choice and influence of missing data on MI are also discussed. An empirical example based on a model of the general psychopathology factor (p) elucidates our recommendations, with the present model of p being the first to exhibit residual MI across gender and time. Thus, changes in the ordered-categorical indicators can be attributed to changes in the latent factors. However, further work is needed to clarify MI guidelines for bifactor models, including considering the impact of model complexity and number of indicators. Nonetheless, using the guidelines justified herein to establish MI allows findings from bifactor models to be more confidently interpreted, increasing their comparability and utility.
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24
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Saulnier KG, King CA, Ilgen MA, Ganoczy D, Jagusch J, Garlick J, Abraham KM, Lapidos A, Kim HM, Vega E, Ahmedani BK, Pfeiffer PN. Do measures of social support and social distress share general factors associated with suicidal ideation and attempts? Suicide Life Threat Behav 2024. [PMID: 38813963 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.13097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aspects of social relationships have variably been associated with suicidal ideation (SI) and suicide attempts (SAs). This study assessed whether social support and social distress measures have general factors versus measure-specific factors that are associated with suicide risk. METHODS Adults (N = 455, 60.0% female), admitted to psychiatric inpatient units following a recent suicide attempt or active SI, completed assessments of social support (emotional support, instrumental support, friendship, perceived support from significant others, friends, family) and social distress (loneliness, perceived rejection, perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness). Bifactor modeling examined general and specific factors of social support and distress in relation to SI (week prior to hospitalization, via the Beck Scale for SI) and SAs (past 30 days, via the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale). RESULTS SI was significantly associated with the general social support (B = -1.51), the general social distress (B = 1.67), and the specific perceived burdensomeness (B = 1.57) factors. SAs were significantly associated with the specific Perceived Rejection (OR = 1.05) and Thwarted Belongingness (OR = 0.91) factors. CONCLUSION General social support and social distress were associated with SI but not recent SAs. Specific social distress factors were also related to SI and SAs controlling for general social distress, suggesting areas for future interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- K G Saulnier
- VA Serious Mental Illness Treatment Resource and Evaluation Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - C A King
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - M A Ilgen
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- VA Center for Clinical Management Research, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - D Ganoczy
- VA Center for Clinical Management Research, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - J Jagusch
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- VA Center for Clinical Management Research, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - J Garlick
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- VA Center for Clinical Management Research, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - K M Abraham
- University of Detroit Mercy, Department of Psychology, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - A Lapidos
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - H M Kim
- VA Center for Clinical Management Research, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- University of Michigan Consulting for Statistics, Computing, and Analytics Research, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - E Vega
- Humannovations, California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - B K Ahmedani
- Center for Health Policy & Health Services Research, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - P N Pfeiffer
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- VA Center for Clinical Management Research, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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25
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Moore HL, Freeston M, Rodgers J, Cassidy S. A Measurement Invariance Analysis of the Anxiety Scale for Autism-Adults in a Sample of Autistic and Non-Autistic Men and Women. J Autism Dev Disord 2024:10.1007/s10803-024-06260-2. [PMID: 38740697 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-024-06260-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The Anxiety Scale for Autism-Adults (ASA-A) captures the autistic anxiety experience, but we do not know whether it is structurally equivalent for men and women, or non-autistic people. Measurement invariance analysis considered gender and diagnostic status (342 cis-gender autistic men (N = 105) and women (N = 237), 316 cis-gender non-autistic men (N = 104) and women (N = 212)). Strict invariance was achieved between autistic men and women and between non-autistic men and women, but the ASA-A structure is quantitatively different in autistic compared to non-autistic adults. Therefore, this tool cannot be used to directly compare anxiety between these groups. Autistic women scored significantly higher on the ASA-A than autistic men and Uncertainty was the highest scoring factor for autistic participants. Future research should include alternative gender identities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather L Moore
- School of Psychology, Dame Margaret Barbour Building, Wallace Street, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4DR, UK.
| | - Mark Freeston
- School of Psychology, Dame Margaret Barbour Building, Wallace Street, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4DR, UK
| | - Jacqui Rodgers
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Sir James Spence Institute, Newcastle University, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Level 3, Queen Victoria Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 4LP, UK
| | - Sarah Cassidy
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
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26
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Aguayo-Estremera R, Cañadas-De la Fuente GR, Ariza T, Ortega-Campos E, Gómez-Urquiza JL, Romero-Béjar JL, De la Fuente-Solana EI. A comparison of univariate and meta-analytic structural equation modeling approaches to reliability generalization applied to the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1383619. [PMID: 38778881 PMCID: PMC11110656 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1383619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Reliability is a property of tests scores that varies from sample to sample. One way of generalizing reliability of a test is to perform a meta-analysis on some reliability estimator. In 2011, a reliability generalization meta-analysis on the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) was conducted, concluding that average alpha values for the MBI dimensions ranged from 0.71 to 0.88. In the present study, we aimed to update the average reliability values of the MBI by conducting a literature search from 2010 until now and comparing to statistical procedures of meta-analysis: the Univariate approach, that were used in the previous study, and a novel meta-analytic approach based on structural equation modeling. Method An estimation of average reliability was done based on 69 independent primary reliability coefficients for the Univariate approach. The average reliability was based on 9 independent studies in the case of the Meta-analytic Structural Equation Modeling (MASEM) approach. Given that MASEM has the additional capability of testing the internal structure of a test, we also fitted several models. Results The data was well-suited to the bifactor model, revealing the dominance of the general factor over the domain-specific ones. Acceptable overall alpha and omega coefficients were achieved for the two of the MBI dimensions, having depersonalization reliability estimates below recommendations. Discussion In general, the MBI can be viewed as a highly interconnected three-factor scale, being its appropriate for research purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raimundo Aguayo-Estremera
- Department of Psychobiology and Methodology in Behavioral Science, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Tania Ariza
- Department of Educational Psychology and Psychobiology, Faculty of Education, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | | | | | - José Luís Romero-Béjar
- Department of Statistics and Operations Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- Institute of Mathematics, University of Granada (IMAG), Granada, Spain
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27
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Clark HM, Hankin BL, Narayan AJ, Davis EP. Risk and resilience factors for psychopathology during pregnancy: An application of the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP). Dev Psychopathol 2024; 36:545-561. [PMID: 36734236 PMCID: PMC10397364 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579422001390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Pregnancy is a time of increased vulnerability to psychopathology, yet limited work has investigated the extent to which variation in psychopathology during pregnancy is shared and unshared across syndromes and symptoms. Understanding the structure of psychopathology during pregnancy, including associations with childhood experiences, may elucidate risk and resilience factors that are transdiagnostic and/or specific to particular psychopathology phenotypes. Participants were 292 pregnant individuals assessed using multiple measures of psychopathology. Confirmatory factor analyses found evidence for a structure of psychopathology consistent with the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP). A common transdiagnostic factor accounted for most variation in psychopathology, and both adverse and benevolent childhood experiences (ACEs and BCEs) were associated with this transdiagnostic factor. Furthermore, pregnancy-specific anxiety symptoms most closely reflected the dimension of Fear, which may suggest shared variation with manifestations of fear that are not pregnancy-specific. ACEs and BCEs also linked to specific prenatal psychopathology involving thought problems, detachment, and internalizing, externalizing, antagonistic, and antisocial behavior. These findings extend the dimensional and hierarchical HiTOP model to pregnant individuals and show how maternal childhood risk and resilience factors relate to common and specific forms of psychopathology during pregnancy as a period of enhanced vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M Clark
- Department of Psychology, Brandeis University, 415 South St., Waltham, MA, 02453, USA
| | - Benjamin L Hankin
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 603 East Daniel St., Champaign, IL, 61820, USA
| | - Angela J Narayan
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver, 2155 South Race St., Denver, CO, 80208, USA
| | - Elysia Poggi Davis
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver, 2155 South Race St., Denver, CO, 80208, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, 3028 Hewitt Hall, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
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28
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Vispoel WP, Lee H, Chen T, Hong H. Analyzing and Comparing Univariate, Multivariate, and Bifactor Generalizability Theory Designs for Hierarchically Structured Personality Traits. J Pers Assess 2024; 106:285-300. [PMID: 37937893 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2023.2268193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate how to use structural equation models to represent generalizability theory-based univariate, multivariate, and bifactor model designs. Analyses encompassed multi-occasion data obtained from the recently expanded form of the Big Five Inventory (BFI-2) that measures the broad personality domain constructs Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Negative Emotionality, and Open-Mindedness along with three nested subdomain facets within each global domain. Results overall highlighted the importance of taking both item and occasion effects into account but underscored additional benefits of the multivariate and bifactor designs in providing more appropriate indices of generalizability for composite scores and effective ways to gauge subscale added value. Bifactor models further extended partitioning of universe score variance to separate general and group factor effects at both composite and subscale levels, expanded score consistency indices to distinguish or combine such effects, and allowed for further evaluation of score dimensionality and subscale viability. We provide guidelines, formulas, and code in R for analyzing all illustrated designs within the article and extended online Supplemental Material.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hyeri Hong
- California State University, Fresno, CA, USA
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29
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Arias VB, Ponce FP, Garrido LE, Nieto-Cañaveras MD, Martínez-Molina A, Arias B. Detecting non-content-based response styles in survey data: An application of mixture factor analysis. Behav Res Methods 2024; 56:3242-3258. [PMID: 38129734 PMCID: PMC11133220 DOI: 10.3758/s13428-023-02308-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
It is common for some participants in self-report surveys to be careless, inattentive, or lacking in effort. Data quality can be severely compromised by responses that are not based on item content (non-content-based [nCB] responses), leading to strong biases in the results of data analysis and misinterpretation of individual scores. In this study, we propose a specification of factor mixture analysis (FMA) to detect nCB responses. We investigated the usefulness and effectiveness of the FMA model in detecting nCB responses using both simulated data (Study 1) and real data (Study 2). In the first study, FMA showed reasonably robust sensitivity (.60 to .86) and excellent specificity (.96 to .99) on mixed-worded scales, suggesting that FMA had superior properties as a screening tool under different sample conditions. However, FMA performance was poor on scales composed of only positive items because of the difficulty in distinguishing acquiescent patterns from valid responses representing high levels of the trait. In Study 2 (real data), FMA detected a minority of cases (6.5%) with highly anomalous response patterns. Removing these cases resulted in a large increase in the fit of the unidimensional model and a substantial reduction in spurious multidimensionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor B Arias
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological treatment, Faculty of Psychology, University of Salamanca, Av. De la Merced, 109, Salamanca, Spain.
| | | | - Luis E Garrido
- Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra, Santiago de los Caballeros, Dominican Republic
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30
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Lin R, Chen Y, Shen Y, Hu T, Huang Y, Yang Y, Yu X, Ding J. Academic grit scale for Chinese middle- and upper-grade primary school students: testing its factor structure and measurement invariance. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:149. [PMID: 38486331 PMCID: PMC10941363 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01622-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The Academic Grit Scale (AGS) is a novel measure of academic-specific grit. However, its factor structure and measurement invariance have yet to be thoroughly supported. The present study tested the factor structure and measurement invariance of the AGS with a large sample of early adolescents (aged 9-14 years) from China (N = 1,894). The bifactor model showed that the AGS was predominately accounted for by the general factor rather than the domain-specific factors; the parallel model from the AGS's one-factor model showed good fit indices; thus, the AGS should be described as a univocal solution and reported as the total score. Gender and grade measurement invariance were supported at a scalar level, warranting further mean difference comparisons. In addition, academic grit was significantly associated with positive academic emotions and academic achievement, yielding evidence of good criteria-related validity. The current study contributes additional evidence to the construct validity of the Chinese version of the AGS among middle- and upper-grade primary school students in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongmao Lin
- School of psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, China.
| | - Yanping Chen
- School of psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, China
- Department of Social Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, 9712 TS, The Netherlands
| | - Yilin Shen
- School of psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, China
| | - Ting Hu
- School of psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, China
| | - Ying Huang
- School of psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, China
| | - Yishan Yang
- School of psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, China
| | - Xueting Yu
- School of psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, China
| | - Jinliang Ding
- School of Humanities and Teacher Education, Wuyi University, Wuyishan, 354300, China.
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31
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Black L, Humphrey N, Panayiotou M, Marquez J. Mental Health and Well-being Measures for Mean Comparison and Screening in Adolescents: An Assessment of Unidimensionality and Sex and Age Measurement Invariance. Assessment 2024; 31:219-236. [PMID: 36864693 PMCID: PMC10822075 DOI: 10.1177/10731911231158623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Adolescence is a period of increased vulnerability for low well-being and mental health problems, particularly for girls and older adolescents. Accurate measurement via brief self-report is therefore vital to understanding prevalence, group trends, screening efforts, and response to intervention. We drew on data from the #BeeWell study (N = 37,149, aged 12-15) to consider whether sum-scoring, mean comparisons, and deployment for screening were likely to show bias for eight such measures. Evidence for unidimensionality, considering dynamic fit confirmatory factor models, exploratory graph analysis, and bifactor modeling, was found for five measures. Of these five, most showed a degree of non-invariance across sex and age likely incompatible with mean comparison. Effects on selection were minimal, except sensitivity was substantially lower in boys for the internalizing symptoms measure. Measure-specific insights are discussed, as are general issues highlighted by our analysis, such as item reversals and measurement invariance.
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32
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Valenti GD, Bottaro R, Faraci P. Assessing the Two Sources of Construct-Relevant Psychometric Multidimensionality of the Nomophobia Questionnaire: The Integrated Framework of Bifactor Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling. Eval Health Prof 2024; 47:52-65. [PMID: 37737041 DOI: 10.1177/01632787231203380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
The current study aimed at investigating the two sources of construct-relevant psychometric multidimensionality of the Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q), applying the newly developed bifactor exploratory structural equation modeling (B-ESEM) approach. We first contrasted several CFA and ESEM models to test the psychometric multidimensionality due to the fallibility of indicators. Then, we compared the first-order structures with those specifying both global and specific factors to test the coexistence of hierarchically ordered factors. Results from 469 participants to the 20-item questionnaire showed the superiority of a B-ESEM representation with a well-defined G-factor and four weaker S-factors. On a methodological level, our findings provide additional support for the utility of using B-ESEM's integrative perspective to better capture the complexity of multidimensional constructs.
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Shields A, Reardon K, Lawler T, Tackett J. Affective Contributions to Instrumental and Reactive Aggression in Middle Childhood: Variable- and Person-Centered Approaches. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL FOR THE SOCIETY OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY, AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION, DIVISION 53 2024; 53:169-183. [PMID: 38039086 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2023.2272951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Research on the role of affect in childhood aggression motives has largely focused on domain-level affective traits. Lower-order affective facets may show more distinct relationships with instrumental and reactive aggression - at both the variable and individual levels - and offer unique insights into whether and how several forms of affect are involved in aggression motives. METHOD Caregivers (98% mothers) of 342 children (Mage = 9.81 years, 182 girls, 31% White) reported on children's aggression and affect-relevant personality traits, personality pathology, and callous-unemotional traits. RESULTS Both reactive and instrumental aggressions were characterized by higher levels of trait irritability, fear, withdrawal, sadness, and callous-unemotional traits in zero-order analyses. Instrumental aggression was characterized by low trait positive emotions. Reactive aggression was uniquely associated with irritability, fear, withdrawal, and sadness, whereas instrumental aggression was uniquely associated with callous-unemotional traits and (low) positive emotions. Groups identified by latent profile analyses were differentiated only by aggression severity. CONCLUSIONS The findings support both the similarity and distinction of reactive and instrumental aggression vis-à-vis their affective phenomenology. Consistent with existing theories, reactive aggression was linked to multiple forms of negative emotionality, whereas instrumental aggression was linked to higher levels of callous-unemotional traits. In a novel finding, instrumental aggression was uniquely characterized by lower positive emotions. The findings highlight the utility of pre-registered approaches employing comprehensive personality-based affective frameworks to organize and understand similarities and differences between aggression functions.
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Bell BA, Taylor SG, Roberts AM, Shi D, Burgess K, Hough C, Flory K. Factor Structure of the Teacher Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire in a Large Community-Based Sample: An Investigation of Alternative Measurement Models. Assessment 2024; 31:291-303. [PMID: 36914947 DOI: 10.1177/10731911231157627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) is a screening measure commonly used to assess behavioral and emotional symptoms and strengths among children and adolescents. However, despite its frequent use, its underlying factor structure remains an important area of inquiry. Whereas the original five-factor structure has often been supported through exploratory factor analysis, results from confirmatory analyses continue to yield mixed results. We analyzed data from youth in Grades K through 12 from a large epidemiologic study in the Southeastern United States. Teacher-report SDQ data were used to test three confirmatory factor models by school level (i.e., elementary [Grades K-5] and secondary [Grades 6-12]): The original five-factor model, a three-factor model, and a bifactor model. Model fit indices and reliability measures supported the original five-factor model as the preferred model when using the teacher-reported SDQ with both elementary and secondary school children. Implications for using the SDQ in applied research and predictive modeling are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dexin Shi
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA
| | | | | | - Kate Flory
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA
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35
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Pettrich A, Friedrich M, Nesterko Y, Glaesmer H. The German PCL-5: evaluating structural validity in a large-scale sample of the general German population. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2024; 15:2317055. [PMID: 38379510 PMCID: PMC10883083 DOI: 10.1080/20008066.2024.2317055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: In attempts to elucidate PTSD, recent factor analytic studies resulted in complex models with a proliferating number of factors that lack psychometrical and clinical utility. Recently, suggestions have been made to optimize factor analytic practices to meet a refined set of statistical and psychometric criteria.Objective: This study aims to assess the factorial structure of the German version of the PCL-5, implementing recent methodological advancements to address the risk of overfitting models. In doing so we diverge from traditional factor analytical research on PTSD.Method: On a large-scale sample of the German general population (n = 1625), exploratory factor analyses were run to investigate the dimensionality found within the data. Subsequently, we validated and compared all model suggestions from our preliminary analyses plus all standard and common alternative PTSD factor models (including the ICD-11 model) from previous literature with confirmatory factor analyses. We not only consider model fit indices based on WLSMV estimation but also deploy criteria such as favouring less complex models with a parsimonious number of factors, sufficient items per factor, low inter-factor correlations and number of model misspecifications.Results: All tested models showed adequate to excellent fit in respect to traditional model fit indices; however, models with two or more factors increasingly failed to meet other statistical and psychometric criteria.Conclusion: Based on the results we favour a two-factor bifactor model with a strong general PTSD factor and two less dominant specific factors - one factor with trauma-related symptoms (re-experiencing and avoidance) and one factor with global psychological symptoms (describing the trauma's higher-order impact on mood, cognition, behaviour and arousal).From the perspective of clinical utility, we recommend the cut-off scoring method for the German version of the PCL-5. Basic psychometric properties and scale characteristics are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelie Pettrich
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Friedrich
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Yuriy Nesterko
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Heide Glaesmer
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
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Zhao Y, Niu J, Huang J, Meng Y. A bifactor representation of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for children: gender and age invariance and implications for adolescents' social and academic adjustment. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2024; 18:27. [PMID: 38378642 PMCID: PMC10880255 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-024-00717-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children (CES-DC) is a widely used scale for screening depressive symptoms in children and adolescents. This study aims to uncover the optimal factor structure of the DES-DC and presents an alternate conceptualization of adolescent depression by estimating bifactor models and several competing models using a sample of Chinese adolescents. METHODS The participants were 533 adolescents (49.7% boys, 49.7% girls, 3 participants did not report) between 12 and 18 years of age attending public secondary schools in the middle part of mainland China. Data were collected in classrooms using a questionnaire survey. A structural equation modeling approach was used to estimate and compare a series of competing models for the DES-DC. RESULTS A Bifactor exploratory structural equation model (Bi-ESEM) with the best model fit was retained for representing the current data. Tests of measurement invariance demonstrated strict measurement equivalence across gender and age. No gender and age differences have been found in the general depression factor. Findings provided evidence for the composite reliability and construct validity of DES-DC. Depressive symptoms positively related to the Big Five trait neuroticism, negative emotions, loneliness, social anxious behaviors, and disruptive behaviors during school and negatively related to agreeableness, conscientiousness, extraversion, physical health status, school connectedness, and academic self-efficacy. CONCLUSIONS This study provides support for the one general factor construct of the CES-DC and the continuum concept structure of adolescent depression. Moreover, this research offers empirical evidence for comparing depression symptoms among adolescent populations with diverse genders and age groups. Additionally, the findings replicate and expand upon the implications of depressive symptoms on adolescents' traits, well-being, social-relational adjustment, and academic adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Zhao
- School of Psychology, Henan University, Jinming Campus, Kaifeng, 475003, P. R. China.
| | - Jiahui Niu
- School of Psychology, Henan University, Jinming Campus, Kaifeng, 475003, P. R. China
| | - Jing Huang
- School of Psychology, Henan University, Jinming Campus, Kaifeng, 475003, P. R. China
| | - Yan Meng
- School of Education, Henan University, Jinming Campus, Kaifeng, 475003, P. R. China
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Luo Y, Mellano KT, Mullin EM, Zhong J, Zhou Y, Sha Y, Zhang Y, Luo S, Guo N. Translation and Psychometric Evaluation of a Chinese Version of the Behavioral Regulation in Sport Questionnaire (BRSQ) with University Sport Athletes. Percept Mot Skills 2024; 131:219-245. [PMID: 38029293 DOI: 10.1177/00315125231218188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Our aim in this study was to translate and psychometrically evaluate a Chinese version of the Behavioral Regulation in Sport Questionnaire (BRSQ). Participants were Chinese collegiate athletes (N = 361) who were competitive in their respective sports. We examined the construct validity of the Chinese BRSQ using alternative structural equation models and evaluated convergent validity, factor score reliability, and measurement invariance of the optimal model. Due to insufficient score reliability for some subscales, our initial Chinese BRSQ was deemed problematic. A modified version of the questionnaire with a four-factor structure (amotivation, external regulation, introjected regulation, and autonomous motivation) demonstrated excellent construct validity, convergent validity, and score reliability. There was measurement invariance across athlete level and sex. This tool provides a valuable resource for practitioners and sport psychology researchers for assessing sport motivation among competitive university athletes in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Luo
- Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Physical Education and Health Education, Springfield College, Springfield, MA, USA
| | - Kathleen T Mellano
- Department of Exercise Science and Athletic Training, Springfield College, Springfield, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Mullin
- Department of Exercise Science and Athletic Training, Springfield College, Springfield, MA, USA
| | - Juan Zhong
- Department of Psychology, Springfield College, Springfield, MA, USA
| | - Yi Zhou
- Sports Training School, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanru Sha
- Institute of Physical Education, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yingqiu Zhang
- Sports Coaching College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Shenyue Luo
- Department of Sports, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Nan Guo
- Sports Coaching College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
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38
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Lynch SJ, Sunderland M, Forbes MK, Teesson M, Newton NC, Chapman C. Structure of psychopathology in adolescents and its association with high-risk personality traits. Dev Psychopathol 2024; 36:379-394. [PMID: 36700360 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579422001262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The present study examined high-risk personality traits and associations with psychopathology across multiple levels of a hierarchical-dimensional model of psychopathology in a large adolescent, general population sample. Confirmatory factor analyses were run using data from two randomized controlled trials of Australian adolescents (N = 8,654, mean age = 13.01 years, 52% female). A higher-order model - comprised of general psychopathology, fear, distress, alcohol use/harms, and conduct/inattention dimensions - was selected based on model fit, reliability, and replicability. Indirect-effects models were estimated to examine the unique associations between high-risk personality traits (anxiety sensitivity, negative thinking, impulsivity, and sensation seeking) and general and specific dimensions and symptoms of psychopathology. All personality traits were positively associated with general psychopathology. After accounting for general psychopathology, anxiety sensitivity was positively associated with fear; negative thinking was positively associated with distress; impulsivity was positively associated with conduct/inattention; and sensation seeking was positively associated with alcohol use/harms and conduct/inattention, and negatively associated with fear. Several significant associations between personality traits and individual symptoms remained after accounting for general and specific psychopathology. These findings contribute to our understanding of the underlying structure of psychopathology among adolescents and have implications for the development of personality-based prevention and early intervention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha J Lynch
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Matthew Sunderland
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Miriam K Forbes
- Centre for Emotional Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Maree Teesson
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nicola C Newton
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Cath Chapman
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Pua YH, Terluin B, Tay L, Clark RA, Thumboo J, Tay EL, Mah SM, Ng YS. Using item response theory to estimate interpretation threshold values for the Frailty Index in community dwelling older adults. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 117:105280. [PMID: 38000095 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the frailty index (FI) is designed as a continuous measure of frailty, thresholds are often needed to guide its interpretation. This study aimed to introduce and demonstrate the utility of an item response theory (IRT) method in estimating FI interpretation thresholds in community-dwelling adults and to compare them with cutoffs estimated using the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) method. METHODS A sample of 1,149 community-dwelling adults (mean[SD], 68[7] years) participated in this cross-sectional study. Participants completed a multi-domain geriatric screen from which the 40-item FI and 3 clinical anchors were computed - namely, (i)self-reported mobility limitations (SRML), (ii)"fair" or "poor" self-rated health (SRH), and (iii) restricted life-space mobility (RLSM). Participants were classified as having SRML-1 if they responded "Yes" to either of the 2 questions regarding walking and stair climbing difficulty and SRML-2 if they reported having walking and stair climbing difficulty. Participants with a Life Space Assessment score <60 points were classified as having RLSM. Threshold values for all anchor questions were estimated using the IRT method and ROC analysis with Youden criterion. RESULTS The proportions of participants with SRML-1, SRML-2, Fair/Poor SRH, and RLSM were 21 %, 8 %, 22 %, and 9 %, respectively. The IRT-based thresholds for SRML-2 (0.26), fair/poor SRH (0.29), and RLSM (0.32) were significantly higher than those for SRML-1 (0.18). ROC-based FI cutoffs were significantly lower than IRT-based values for SRML-2, SRH, and RLSM (0.12 to 0.17), and they varied minimally and non-systematically across the anchors. CONCLUSIONS The IRT method identifies biologically plausible FI thresholds that could meaningfully complement and contextualize existing thresholds for defining frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Hao Pua
- Department of Physiotherapy, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore; Medicine Academic Programme, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore.
| | - Berend Terluin
- Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of General Practice, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Laura Tay
- Department of General Medicine (Geriatric Medicine), Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Ross Allan Clark
- School of Health and Behavioural Science, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sunshine Coast, Australia
| | - Julian Thumboo
- Medicine Academic Programme, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore; Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore; Health Services Research & Evaluation, SingHealth Office of Regional Health, Singapore
| | - Ee-Ling Tay
- Department of Physiotherapy, Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Shi-Min Mah
- Department of Physiotherapy, Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Yee-Sien Ng
- Geriatric Education and Research Institute, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Singapore General Hospital and Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore
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Kern L, Mattar L, Kotbagi G, Romo L, Morvan Y. Is Problematic Physical Activity (PPA) a Uni- or Multi-Dimensional Concept? A Bifactor Analysis of the Exercise Dependence Scale-Revised (EDS-R). Percept Mot Skills 2024; 131:106-134. [PMID: 38061396 DOI: 10.1177/00315125231218745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
The study of exercise dependence, or as we prefer, problematic physical activity (PPA), faces both theoretical and methodological challenges. Different factorial solutions were obtained for the widely used Exercise Dependence Scale-Revised (EDS-R), leading us to question both its latent underlying construct and the interpretation of its factor solutions. Through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and the use of a bifactor model (BCFA), we assessed the dimensionality of a French version of the EDS-R. We recruited 745 students from Paris Nanterre University, but we removed 88 responses (16.8%) to retain only those who (a) engaged in a moderate to high levels of physical activity, according to the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ; N = 494; 9.5%), and (b) completed the EDS-R. We used a final sample of 435 students (58.4% of the total population) for a factorial analysis of the EDS-R. We conducted a three-step CFA in Mplus, producing three models: (a) unidimensional, (b) second-order, and (c) bi-factor (BCFA). The results of the BCFA indicated that most EDS-R items were better indicators of a general factor than their respective group factors, except for the second factor measuring a withdrawal construct. These results add to an ongoing debate in the field of behavioral addiction as to how to better conceptualize and measure exercise dependence or PPA. Withdrawal appears to have a special position in this debate, since our BCFA suggested that it is the only specific sub-dimension of the EDS-R scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Kern
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire en Neurosciences, Physiologie et Psychologie: Apprentissages, Activité Physique et Santé, Université Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France
- Psychologie Clinique, Psychanalyse et Psychologie du Développement, Université Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France
| | - Lama Mattar
- Nutrition Program, Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Lucia Romo
- Psychologie Clinique, Psychanalyse et Psychologie du Développement, Université Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France
- Service de pathologie professionnelles et de l'environnement, Assistance Publiques des Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Universitaire Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France
| | - Yannick Morvan
- Psychologie Clinique, Psychanalyse et Psychologie du Développement, Université Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France
- CESP, Equipe Psychiatrie du développement et des trajectoires, INSERM, Paris, France
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Vidales CA, Smolenski DJ, Skopp NA, Vogel D, Wade N, Sheppard S, Speed K, Hood K, Cartwright P. Assessing the dimensionality and construct validity of the military stigma scale across current service members. MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 36:49-57. [PMID: 38193877 PMCID: PMC10790807 DOI: 10.1080/08995605.2021.1997501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
US service members are at elevated risk for distress and suicidal behavior, compared to the general US population. However, despite the availability of evidence-based treatments, only 40% of Service members in need of mental health care seek help. One potential reason for the lower use of services is that service members experience stigma or concerns that the act of seeking mental health care from a mental health provider carries a mark of disgrace. The Military Stigma Scale (MSS) was designed to assess two theoretical dimensions of help-seeking stigma (public and self), specifically among service members. The goal of the current study was to further examine the validity of the MSS among 347 active duty service members. Examination of unidimensional, two-factor, and bifactor models revealed that a bifactor model, with a general (overall stigma), two specific factors (public and self-stigma), and one method factor (accounting for negatively worded items) provided the best fit to the data. Ancillary reliability analyses also supported the MSS measuring a broad stigma factor associated with seeking mental health care in the military. Subsequent model analyses showed that the MSS was associated with other stigma-related constructs. Overall, findings suggest that the MSS is a reliable and validated scale that can be used to assess military help-seeking stigma and to evaluate results of programs designed to reduce stigma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Derek J. Smolenski
- Psychological Health Center of Excellence (PHCoE), Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Nancy A. Skopp
- Psychological Health Center of Excellence (PHCoE), Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - David Vogel
- Department of Psychology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Nathaniel Wade
- Department of Psychology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Sean Sheppard
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), Madigan Army Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Katrina Speed
- Department of Psychology, Mississippi State University (MSU), Tacoma, Washington, USA
| | - Kristina Hood
- Department of Psychology, Mississippi State University (MSU), Tacoma, Washington, USA
| | - Patricia Cartwright
- Department of Psychology, Mississippi State University (MSU), Tacoma, Washington, USA
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Lignier B, Petot JM, Canada B, Nicolas M, Courtois R, De Oliveira P. The structure of the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised: Global distress, Somatization, Hostility, and Phobic Anxiety scales are reliable and robust across community and clinical samples from four European countries. Psychiatry Res 2024; 331:115635. [PMID: 38101071 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
While the reliability of SCL-90-R subscales is often questioned, five relatively recent European studies have examined the factor structure of SCL-90-R using a bifactor model and concluded that most of these subscales are reliable. However, examination of their results shows that three subscales, Somatization, Hostility, and Phobic Anxiety, consistently had significantly higher reliability than the other six across clinical and community samples recruited in three very different European countries, Greece, Hungary, and the Netherlands. The objective of this study was to examine whether this "top-3″ would be found in a sample from a fourth European country, France. To do this, we had 696 university students (387 women, 56 %) complete the SCL-90-R and we examined the reliability of the scales of this questionnaire by testing a bifactor model using Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM). Our results confirmed that, in our sample, the three scales presented a higher reliability than the other six scales. It therefore seems that there exists, at least in the European cultural area, a stable structure of the SCL-90-R comprising a global distress factor and three reliable and robust specific factors: Somatization, Hostility, and Phobic Anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Lignier
- Département de Psychologie, Laboratoire Psy-DREPI (EA 7458), Esplanade Erasme, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Boulevard du Docteur Petitjean, Dijon 21000, France.
| | - Jean-Michel Petot
- Laboratoire CliPsyD (EA 4430), Université de Paris-Nanterre, Nanterre CEDEX F-92001, France
| | - Brice Canada
- Laboratory of Vulnerabilities and Innovation in Sport (EA 7428), Université Lyon Claude Bernard 1, Lyon, France
| | - Michel Nicolas
- Département de Psychologie, Laboratoire Psy-DREPI (EA 7458), Esplanade Erasme, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Boulevard du Docteur Petitjean, Dijon 21000, France
| | - Robert Courtois
- Département de Psychologie, Université de Tours, EE 1901 Qualipsy (Qualité de vie et santé psychologique), Tours 37041 CEDEX 1, France; CHRU de Tours, Clinique Psychiatrique Universitaire et CRIAVS Centre-Val de Loire, Tours 37044 CEDEX 9, France
| | - Pierre De Oliveira
- Département de Psychologie, Laboratoire Psy-DREPI (EA 7458), Esplanade Erasme, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Boulevard du Docteur Petitjean, Dijon 21000, France
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Rossi G, Diaz-Batanero C. Differentiation of Self and Interpersonal Functioning with the Level of Personality Functioning Scale - Brief Form 2.0. J Pers Assess 2024; 106:60-71. [PMID: 37306356 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2023.2218931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Research on Criterion A of the alternative model for personality disorders is recently expanding and provides mixed results concerning the unidimensional operational definition of severity by the model, characterized by impaired self (identity and self-direction) and interpersonal (empathy and intimacy) functioning. Studies resulted in one, as well as two or more factor structures. The present study demonstrated the importance of the structural and relational differentiation of self and interpersonal dimensions of personality functioning. One thousand seventy-four participants (community and clinical mixed sample) completed the Level of Personality Functioning Scale - Brief Form 2.0 (LPFS-BF 2.0), the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 Short Form and the Questionnaire for the World Health Organization Disability Assessment. An LPFS-BF 2.0 two-factor structure with self and interpersonal functioning factors was corroborated by confirmatory factor analyses and bifactor modeling. Joint Exploratory Factor Analysis of the LPFS-BF 2.0 domains with maladaptive personality domains clearly differentiated the personality functioning factors. While the self-functioning factor was more closely linked to negative affect (and to disinhibition and psychoticism), the interpersonal functioning factor connected to detachment. Self-functioning predicted functional impairment along and beyond personality domains. The LPFS-BF 2.0 appears a useful tool for clinical routine monitoring of both self and interpersonal functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Rossi
- Personality and Psychopathology Research Group (PEPS), Department of Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Belgium
| | - Carmen Diaz-Batanero
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Psychology, University of Huelva, Spain
- Mental health and drug use, Research Center for Natural Resources, Health and the Environment, University of Huelva, Spain
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Paap MCS, Pedersen G, Kvarstein E, Hummelen B. Evaluating the Construct Validity of the Norwegian Version of the Level of Personality Functioning Scale - Brief Form 2.0 in a Large Clinical Sample. J Pers Assess 2024; 106:49-59. [PMID: 36897004 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2023.2182694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
The Level of Personality Functioning - Brief Form 2.0 (LPFS-BF 2.0) is a 12-item self-report questionnaire developed to gain a quick impression of the severity of personality pathology according to the DSM-5 Alternative Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD). The current study evaluated the construct validity and reliability of the Norwegian version of the LPFS-BF 2.0 in a large clinical sample (N = 1673). Dimensionality was examined using confirmatory factor analysis and bifactor analysis followed by an analysis of distinctiveness of the subscales using the proportional reduction in mean squared error (PRMSE), and the concurrent validity was examined using correlations with self-report questionnaires and clinical interviews assessing PDs according to section II of the DSM-5. Taking the findings of the dimensionality and concurrent validity results together, we found moderate to good support for the use of total scores for the Norwegian version of the LPFS-BF 2.0. We would advise against the use of subscale scores, since the subscales provided only a small amount of reliable unique variance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muirne C S Paap
- Department of Research and Innovation, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Child and Family Welfare, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Geir Pedersen
- Section for Personality Psychiatry and Specialized Treatments, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- The Norwegian Centre of Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elfrida Kvarstein
- Section for Personality Psychiatry and Specialized Treatments, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Benjamin Hummelen
- Department of Research and Innovation, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Higgins WC, Savalei V, Polito V, Ross RM. Validation of the reading the mind in the eyes test requires an interpretable factor model. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2303706120. [PMID: 38109524 PMCID: PMC10756292 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2303706120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wendy C. Higgins
- School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW2109, Australia
| | - Victoria Savalei
- Department of Psychology, University of British Colombia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Vince Polito
- School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW2109, Australia
| | - Robert M. Ross
- Department of Philosophy, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW2109, Australia
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Denovan A, Dagnall N, Drinkwater K. Non-Cognitive Adaptive Resourcefulness: Scrutiny of Its Multidimensionality and Nomological Validity. Psychol Rep 2023:332941231221502. [PMID: 38102087 DOI: 10.1177/00332941231221502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Recent research has observed that Mental Toughness, Optimal Regulation, and Self-Efficacy share core features and variance. Investigators have named this commonality Non-Cognitive Adaptive Resourcefulness (NCAR). The NCAR validation study reported that the construct possesses promising psychometric properties, however, further research is required to replicate and extend these findings. Acknowledging this, the present paper using a UK-based sample of 1998 participants (Mage = 40 years, range 18-83), tested the NCAR model against competing alternatives (multidimensional and one-factor solutions), and assessed the nomological validity of NCAR in relation to Perceived Stress and Anxiety Control. Participants completed the self-report study measures online. Exploratory structural equation modelling revealed that a bifactor solution represented data more effectively than one-factor and multi-factor alternatives. Additionally, a structural equation model found that NCAR significantly predicted Perceived Stress (subfactors of Distress and Coping) and Anxiety Control (subfactors of Emotional Control, Threat Control, and Stress Control). Moreover, NCAR predicted PSS Coping and Emotional Control to a greater extent than the specific bifactors (Mental Toughness, Optimal Regulation, and Self-Efficacy). This suggested that NCAR comprises an underpinning, positive psychological energy that facilitates coping. Particularly, an enabling resource that enhances the capacity to thrive under pressure and retain emotional control in demanding and trying circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Denovan
- Department of People and Performance, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Neil Dagnall
- Department of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Kenneth Drinkwater
- Department of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
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Lüönd AM, Thoma MF, Spiller TR, Weilenmann S, Jansson B, Pfaltz MC. Construct validity of the German version of the Emotion Reactivity Scale. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:423. [PMID: 38042821 PMCID: PMC10693029 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01458-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emotional reactivity is an important construct to consider when studying mental disorders. This study was conducted to translate and assess the factor structure, construct validity and internal consistency of a German version of the Emotion Reactivity Scale (ERS), which is an originally English questionnaire assessing three components of emotional reactivity: sensitivity, intensity and persistence of emotions. METHODS The German ERS and a range of questionnaires used to assess convergent and discriminant validity were completed by 334 German speaking Swiss participants. RESULTS Confirmatory factor analysis showed strong support for a bi-factor model, with evaluation indices pointing to a unidimensional construct rather than to domain specific factors. The questionnaire showed good reliability and the factor structure was similar across gender. The ERS showed convergent validity with general psychopathology, behavioral inhibition, negative affect, orienting sensitivity, depressive symptoms and symptoms of disordered eating, and discriminant validity with behavioral activation and alcohol consumption. CONCLUSIONS Findings support the construct validity of the German ERS and suggest that it assesses a unidimensional construct with high internal consistency. Accounting for the unidimensional nature of the scale and aiming for efficient assessment tools, future research could, based on these findings, develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of a short version of the ERS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia M Lüönd
- Medical Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martina F Thoma
- Medical Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tobias R Spiller
- Medical Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sonja Weilenmann
- Medical Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Billy Jansson
- Department of Psychology and Social Work, Mid Sweden University, Kunskapens Väg 1, Östersund, Sweden
| | - Monique C Pfaltz
- Medical Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Department of Psychology and Social Work, Mid Sweden University, Kunskapens Väg 1, Östersund, Sweden.
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Tiego J, Trender W, Hellyer PJ, Grant JE, Hampshire A, Chamberlain SR. Measuring Compulsivity as a Self-Reported Multidimensional Transdiagnostic Construct: Large-Scale ( N = 182,000) Validation of the Cambridge-Chicago Compulsivity Trait Scale. Assessment 2023; 30:2433-2448. [PMID: 36680457 DOI: 10.1177/10731911221149083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Compulsivity has potential transdiagnostic relevance to a range of psychiatric disorders, but it has not been well-characterized and there are few existing measures available for measuring the construct across clinical and nonclinical samples that have been validated at large population scale. We aimed to characterize the multidimensional latent structure of self-reported compulsivity in a population-based sample of British children and adults (N = 182,145) using the Cambridge-Chicago Compulsivity Trait Scale (CHI-T). Exploratory structural equation modeling provided evidence for a correlated two-factor model consisting of (a) Perfectionism and (b) Reward Drive dimensions. Evidence was obtained for discriminant validity in relation to the big five personality dimensions and acceptable test-retest reliability. The CHI-T, here validated at extremely large scale, is suitable for use in studies seeking to understand the correlates and basis of compulsivity in clinical and nonclinical participants. We provide extensive normative data to facilitate interpretation in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Samuel R Chamberlain
- University of Southampton, UK
- Southern Health NHS Foundation Trust, NHS, Southampton, UK
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Byllesby BM, Palmieri PA. A Bifactor Model of General and Specific PTSD Symptom Change During Treatment. Assessment 2023; 30:2595-2604. [PMID: 36859781 DOI: 10.1177/10731911231156646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) consists of four main components in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM-5): intrusions (INT), avoidance (AV), negative alterations in cognition and mood (NACM), and arousal and reactivity (AAR); however, studies do not always support this four-factor model. A sample of 348 treatment-seeking adults was assessed for PTSD symptoms at baseline (Time 1) and then 12 weeks later (Time 2). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to examine the model fit of the DSM-5 four-factor model of PTSD with and without a general factor at both time points, and structural equation modeling allowed for examination of these associations between time points. The four-factor model did not meet the criteria for excellent model fit, and the bifactor model provided improved model fit. The NACM specific factor did not meet the criteria for unique variance above and beyond the general factor. The bifactor model of PTSD symptoms was reliable over time, and both the general factor and the AAR factor significantly predicted subsequent symptom severity.
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50
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Arildskov TW, Virring A, Thomsen PH, Lambek R. Validation of the Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale (WFIRS-P) as a Functional Impairment Measure in a General Population of Schoolchildren. Assessment 2023; 30:2533-2544. [PMID: 36799215 DOI: 10.1177/10731911231154501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Functional impairment rating scales are few in numbers and have mainly been examined in clinical populations. The Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale-Parent report (WFIRS-P) is a case in point. We tested the psychometric properties of the WFIRS-P in the largest general population study to date and for the first time examined the factor structure of the scale in a general population setting. Participants were 2,027 schoolchildren aged 6 to 11. Parents/caregivers completed the WFIRS-P and criterion measures of quality of life, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and behavioral/emotional symptoms. Confirmatory factor analysis and convergent/divergent validity analyses supported a six-factor structure: family, life skills, self-concept, social activities, and the separation of the school domain into two smaller domains covering school learning and school behavior. Children with and without a history of referral differed significantly on all six domains supporting the external validity. In conclusion, the WFIRS-P was found to generate valid scores in a general population sample.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Per Hove Thomsen
- Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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