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Ling Y, Kang X, Yi Y, Feng S, Ma G, Qu H. CLDN5: From structure and regulation to roles in tumors and other diseases beyond CNS disorders. Pharmacol Res 2024; 200:107075. [PMID: 38228255 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Claudin-5 (CLDN5) is an essential component of tight junctions (TJs) and is critical for the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), ensuring homeostasis and protection from damage to the central nervous system (CNS). Currently, many researchers have summarized the role and mechanisms of CLDN5 in CNS diseases. However, it is noteworthy that CLDN5 also plays a significant role in tumor growth and metastasis. In addition, abnormal CLDN5 expression is involved in the development of respiratory diseases, intestinal diseases, cardiac diseases, and diabetic ocular complications. This paper aims to review the structure, expression, and regulation of CLDN5, focusing on its role in tumors, including its expression and regulation, effects on malignant phenotypes, and clinical significance. Furthermore, this paper will provide an overview of the role and mechanisms of CLDN5 in respiratory diseases, intestinal diseases, cardiac diseases, and diabetic ocular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Ling
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Bethune Second Clinical Medical College of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinxin Kang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Bethune Second Clinical Medical College of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ying Yi
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Bethune Second Clinical Medical College of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shenao Feng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Bethune Second Clinical Medical College of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guanshen Ma
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Bethune Second Clinical Medical College of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Huinan Qu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Tataru C, Livni M, Marean-Reardon C, Franco MC, David M. Cytokine induced inflammatory bowel disease model using organ-on-a-chip technology. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289314. [PMID: 38091316 PMCID: PMC10718466 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Over 2 million people in North America suffer from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a chronic and idiopathic inflammatory condition. While previous research has primarily focused on studying immune cells as a cause and therapeutic target for IBD, recent findings suggest that non-immune cells may also play a crucial role in mediating cytokine and chemokine signaling, and therefore IBD symptoms. In this study, we developed an organ-on-a-chip co-culture model of Caco2 epithelial and HUVEC endothelial cells and induced inflammation using pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IFN-γ. We tested different concentration ranges and delivery orientations (apical vs. basal) to develop a consistently inducible inflammatory response model. We then measured pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines IL-6, IL-8, and CXCL-10, as well as epithelial barrier integrity. Our results indicate that this model 1. induces IBD-like cytokine secretion in non-immune cells and 2. decreases barrier integrity, making it a feasible and reliable model to test the direct actions of potential anti-inflammatory therapeutics on epithelial and endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Tataru
- Oregon State University, College of Science, Microbiology, Corvallis, OR, United States of America
| | - Maya Livni
- Oregon State University, College of Science, Microbiology, Corvallis, OR, United States of America
| | - Carrie Marean-Reardon
- Oregon State University, College of Science, Biochemistry and Biophysics, Corvallis, OR, United States of America
| | - Maria Clara Franco
- Oregon State University, College of Science, Biochemistry and Biophysics, Corvallis, OR, United States of America
- Florida International University, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Center for Translational Science, Port St. Lucie, FL, United States of America
| | - Maude David
- Oregon State University, College of Science, Microbiology, Corvallis, OR, United States of America
- Oregon State University, College of Pharmacy, Corvallis, OR, United States of America
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Zhao H, Zhang Y, Hou L, Lu H, Zhang Y, Xing M. Effects of environmentally relevant cypermethrin and sulfamethoxazole on intestinal health, microbiome, and liver metabolism in grass carp. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 265:106760. [PMID: 37977013 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The incorrect use of antibiotics and pesticides poses significant risks of biological toxicity. Their simultaneous exposure could jeopardize fish health and hinder sustainable aquaculture. Here, we subjected grass carp to waterborne cypermethrin (0.65 μg/L) or/and sulfamethoxazole (0.30 μg/L) treatments for a duration of 6 weeks. We closely monitored the effects on intestinal function, the intestinal microbiome, and the liver metabolome. The results revealed that exposure to waterborne cypermethrin or/and sulfamethoxazole compromised intestinal barrier function and decreased the expression of intestinal tight junction proteins. Additionally, heightened levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the intestines and reduced antioxidant levels indicated systemic inflammation and oxidative stress, with more severe effects observed in the combined exposure group. 16S rRNA sequencing of intestinal tissues suggested Firmicutes play a key role in the intestinal microbiota. GC/MS metabolomics of the liver showed more differential metabolites (56) in the co-exposure group compared to cypermethrin (45) or sulfamethoxazole (32) alone, indicating greater toxicological effects with combined exposure. Our analyses also suggest that ATP-binding cassette transporters could serve as a novel endpoint for assessing the risk of pesticide and antibiotic mixtures in grass carp. In summary, this study underscores the potential ecological risks posed by antibiotics and pesticides to aquatic environments and products. It emphasizes the importance of the gut-liver axis as a comprehensive pathway for assessing the toxicity in fish exposed to environmental contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjing Zhao
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, PR China.
| | - Yue Zhang
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Lulu Hou
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Hongmin Lu
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Yingxue Zhang
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Mingwei Xing
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, PR China
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Han Y, Liu L, Chen Y, Zheng H, Yao M, Cao L, Sferra TJ, Ke X, Peng J, Shen A. Qing Hua Chang Yin alleviates chronic colitis of mice by protecting intestinal barrier function and improving colonic microflora. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1176579. [PMID: 37576825 PMCID: PMC10413571 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1176579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Qing Hua Chang Yin (QHCY) is a famous formula of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and has been proven to have protective effect on ulcerative colitis. However, its protective effect and potential therapeutic mechanisms in chronic colitis remain unclear. The purpose of this study is to explore the effects and underlying mechanisms of QHCY on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced chronic colitis mice model. Methods: The chronic colitis model was established by administration of 2% DSS for three consecutive cycles of 7 days with two intervals of 14 days for recovery by drinking water. The experiment lasted 49 days. The DSS + QHCY group received QHCY administration by oral gavage at doses of 1.6 g/kg/d, DSS + Mesalazine group was administrated Mesalazine by oral gavage at doses of 0.2 g/kg/d. The control and DSS group were given equal volume of distilled water. The body weight, stool consistency and blood in stool were monitored every 2 days. The disease activity index (DAI) was calculated. The colon length was measured after the mice were sacrificed. The histomorphology of colonic tissues was checked by the HE and PAS staining. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6), tight junction proteins (ZO-1, occludin) and Mucin2 (MUC2). 16S rRNA sequencing analysis was conducted to study the diversity and abundance of gut microbiota changes. Results: QHCY treatment not only significantly attenuated DSS-induced the weight loss, DAI score increase, colon shortening and histological damage in mice, but also decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in colonic tissues and increased the expression of ZO-1, occludin, and MUC2. Furthermore, QHCY enhanced the diversity of gut microbes and regulated the structure and composition of intestinal microflora in mice with chronic colitis. Conclusion: QHCY has a therapeutic effect on a murine model of chronic colitis. It can effectively reduce the clinical and pathological manifestations of colitis and prevent alterations in the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Han
- Clinical Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Liya Liu
- Clinical Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Youqin Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Huifang Zheng
- Clinical Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mengying Yao
- Clinical Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Liujing Cao
- Clinical Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Thomas J. Sferra
- Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Xiao Ke
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second People’s Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Clinical Medical Research Centre of Chinese Medicine for Spleen and Stomach, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jun Peng
- Clinical Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Aling Shen
- Clinical Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
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Waldow A, Beier LS, Arndt J, Schallenberg S, Vollbrecht C, Bischoff P, Farrera-Sal M, Loch FN, Bojarski C, Schumann M, Winkler L, Kamphues C, Ehlen L, Piontek J. cCPE Fusion Proteins as Molecular Probes to Detect Claudins and Tight Junction Dysregulation in Gastrointestinal Cell Lines, Tissue Explants and Patient-Derived Organoids. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1980. [PMID: 37514167 PMCID: PMC10385049 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Claudins regulate paracellular permeability, contribute to epithelial polarization and are dysregulated during inflammation and carcinogenesis. Variants of the claudin-binding domain of Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (cCPE) are highly sensitive protein ligands for generic detection of a broad spectrum of claudins. Here, we investigated the preferential binding of YFP- or GST-cCPE fusion proteins to non-junctional claudin molecules. Plate reader assays, flow cytometry and microscopy were used to assess the binding of YFP- or GST-cCPE to non-junctional claudins in multiple in vitro and ex vivo models of human and rat gastrointestinal epithelia and to monitor formation of a tight junction barrier. Furthermore, YFP-cCPE was used to probe expression, polar localization and dysregulation of claudins in patient-derived organoids generated from gastric dysplasia and gastric cancer. Live-cell imaging and immunocytochemistry revealed cell polarity and presence of tight junctions in glandular organoids (originating from intestinal-type gastric cancer and gastric dysplasia) and, in contrast, a disrupted diffusion barrier for granular organoids (originating from discohesive tumor areas). In sum, we report the use of cCPE fusion proteins as molecular probes to specifically and efficiently detect claudin expression, localization and tight junction dysregulation in cell lines, tissue explants and patient-derived organoids of the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayk Waldow
- Clinical Physiology/Nutritional Medicine, Medical Department, Division of Gastroenterology, Infectiology, Rheumatology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura-Sophie Beier
- Clinical Physiology/Nutritional Medicine, Medical Department, Division of Gastroenterology, Infectiology, Rheumatology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- Laboratory of Mucosal Barrier Pathobiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Janine Arndt
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Simon Schallenberg
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Pathology, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Vollbrecht
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Pathology, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Philip Bischoff
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Pathology, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10178 Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Berlin, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martí Farrera-Sal
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian N Loch
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Bojarski
- Medical Department, Division of Gastroenterology, Infectiology, Rheumatology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Schumann
- Medical Department, Division of Gastroenterology, Infectiology, Rheumatology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars Winkler
- Experimental Pharmacology & Oncology Berlin-Buch GmbH, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Kamphues
- Park-Klinik Weißensee, Department of General-Visceral and Minimally-Invasive Surgery, 13086 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lukas Ehlen
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Piontek
- Clinical Physiology/Nutritional Medicine, Medical Department, Division of Gastroenterology, Infectiology, Rheumatology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
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Meyer F, Wendling D, Demougeot C, Prati C, Verhoeven F. Cytokines and intestinal epithelial permeability: A systematic review. Autoimmun Rev 2023; 22:103331. [PMID: 37030338 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2023.103331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The intestinal mucosa is composed of a well-organized epithelium, acting as a physical barrier to harmful luminal contents, while simultaneously ensuring absorption of physiological nutrients and solutes. Increased intestinal permeability has been described in various chronic diseases, leading to abnormal activation of subepithelial immune cells and overproduction of inflammatory mediators. This review aimed to summarize and evaluate the effects of cytokines on intestinal permeability. METHODS A systematic review of the literature was performed in the Medline, Cochrane and Embase databases, up to 01/04/2022, to identify published studies assessing the direct effect of cytokines on intestinal permeability. We collected data on the study design, the method of assessment of intestinal permeability, the type of intervention and the subsequent effect on gut permeability. RESULTS A total of 120 publications were included, describing a total of 89 in vitro and 44 in vivo studies. TNFα, IFNγ or IL-1β were the most frequently studied cytokines, inducing an increase in intestinal permeability through a myosin light-chain-mediated mechanism. In situations associated with intestinal barrier disruption, such as inflammatory bowel diseases, in vivo studies showed that anti-TNFα treatment decreased intestinal permeability while achieving clinical recovery. In contrast to TNFα, IL-10 decreased permeability in conditions associated with intestinal hyperpermeability. For some cytokines (e.g. IL-17, IL-23), results are conflicting, with both an increase and a decrease in gut permeability reported, depending on the study model, methodology, or the studied conditions (e.g. burn injury, colitis, ischemia, sepsis). CONCLUSION This systematic review provides evidence that intestinal permeability can be directly influenced by cytokines in numerous conditions. The immune environment probably plays an important role, given the variability of their effect, according to different conditions. A better understanding of these mechanisms could open new therapeutic perspectives for disorders associated with gut barrier dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Meyer
- PEPITE EA4267, Université de Franche-Comté, F-25000 Besançon, France; Department of rheumatology, University Hospital Besançon, F-25000 Besançon, France
| | - Daniel Wendling
- Department of rheumatology, University Hospital Besançon, F-25000 Besançon, France; EA 4266, EPILAB, Université de Franche-Comté, F-25000 Besançon, France
| | - Céline Demougeot
- PEPITE EA4267, Université de Franche-Comté, F-25000 Besançon, France
| | - Clément Prati
- PEPITE EA4267, Université de Franche-Comté, F-25000 Besançon, France; Department of rheumatology, University Hospital Besançon, F-25000 Besançon, France
| | - Frank Verhoeven
- PEPITE EA4267, Université de Franche-Comté, F-25000 Besançon, France; Department of rheumatology, University Hospital Besançon, F-25000 Besançon, France.
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Uwada J, Nakazawa H, Muramatsu I, Masuoka T, Yazawa T. Role of Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Intestinal Epithelial Homeostasis: Insights for the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076508. [PMID: 37047478 PMCID: PMC10095461 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, is an intestinal disorder that causes prolonged inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Currently, the etiology of IBD is not fully understood and treatments are insufficient to completely cure the disease. In addition to absorbing essential nutrients, intestinal epithelial cells prevent the entry of foreign antigens (micro-organisms and undigested food) through mucus secretion and epithelial barrier formation. Disruption of the intestinal epithelial homeostasis exacerbates inflammation. Thus, the maintenance and reinforcement of epithelial function may have therapeutic benefits in the treatment of IBD. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) are G protein-coupled receptors for acetylcholine that are expressed in intestinal epithelial cells. Recent studies have revealed the role of mAChRs in the maintenance of intestinal epithelial homeostasis. The importance of non-neuronal acetylcholine in mAChR activation in epithelial cells has also been recognized. This review aimed to summarize recent advances in research on mAChRs for intestinal epithelial homeostasis and the involvement of non-neuronal acetylcholine systems, and highlight their potential as targets for IBD therapy.
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Chen X, Pan S, Li F, Xu X, Xing H. Plant-Derived Bioactive Compounds and Potential Health Benefits: Involvement of the Gut Microbiota and Its Metabolic Activity. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121871. [PMID: 36551299 PMCID: PMC9775189 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The misuse and abuse of antibiotics in livestock and poultry seriously endanger both human health and the continuously healthy development of the livestock and poultry breeding industry. Plant-derived bioactive compounds (curcumin, capsaicin, quercetin, resveratrol, catechin, lignans, etc.) have been widely studied in recent years, due to their extensive pharmacological functions and biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antistress, antitumor, antiviral, lowering blood glucose and lipids, and improving insulin sensitivity. Numerous studies have demonstrated that plant-derived bioactive compounds are able to enhance the host's ability to resist or diminish diseases by regulating the abundance of its gut microbiota, achieving great potential as a substitute for antibiotics. Recent developments in both humans and animals have also highlighted the major contribution of gut microbiota to the host's nutrition, metabolism, immunity, and neurological functions. Changes in gut microbiota composition are closely related to the development of obesity and can lead to numerous metabolic diseases. Mounting evidence has also demonstrated that plant-derived bioactive compounds, especially curcumin, can improve intestinal barrier function by regulating intestinal flora. Furthermore, bioactive constituents can be also directly metabolized by intestinal flora and further produce bioactive metabolites by the interaction between the host and intestinal flora. This largely enhances the protective effect of bioactive compounds on the host intestinal and whole body health, indicating that the bidirectional regulation between bioactive compounds and intestinal flora has great application potential in maintaining the host's intestinal health and preventing or treating various diseases. This review mainly summarizes the latest research progress in the bioregulation between gut microbiota and plant-derived bioactive compounds, together with its application potential in humans and animals, so as to provide theoretical support for the application of plant-derived bioactive compounds as new feed additives and potential substitutes for antibiotics in the livestock and poultry breeding industry. Overall, based on this review, it can be concluded that plant-derived bioactive compounds, by modulating gut microbiota, hold great promise toward the healthy development of both humans and animal husbandry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Shifeng Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Department of Animal Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99163, USA
- Guangling College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-514-8797-9274; Fax: +86-514-8797-2218
| | - Fei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xinyu Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Hua Xing
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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Selective Role of TNFα and IL10 in Regulation of Barrier Properties of the Colon in DMH-Induced Tumor and Healthy Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415610. [PMID: 36555251 PMCID: PMC9779473 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently it has been reported that the tumor adjacent colon tissues of 1,2-dymethylhydrazine induced (DMH)-rats revealed a high paracellular permeability. We hypothesized that the changes might be induced by cytokines. Colorectal cancer is accompanied by an increase in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and interleukin 10 (IL10) that exert opposite regulatory effects on barrier properties of the colon, which is characterized by morphological and functional segmental heterogeneity. The aim of this study was to analyze the level of TNFα and IL10 in the colon segments of DMH-rats and to investigate their effects on barrier properties of the proximal and distal parts of the colon in healthy rats. Enzyme immunoassay analysis showed decreased TNFα in tumors in the distal part of the colon and increased IL10 in proximal tumors and in non-tumor tissues. Four-hour intraluminal exposure of the colon of healthy rats with cytokines showed reduced colon barrier function dependent on the cytokine: TNFα decreased it mainly in the distal part of the colon, whereas IL10 decreased it only in the proximal part. Western blot analysis revealed a more pronounced influence of IL10 on tight junction (TJ) proteins expression by down-regulation of the TJ proteins claudin-1, -2 and -4, and up-regulation of occludin only in the proximal part of the colon. These data may indicate a selective role of the cytokines in regulation of the barrier properties of the colon and a prominent role of IL10 in carcinogenesis in its proximal part.
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Torres-Maravilla E, Holowacz S, Delannoy J, Lenoir L, Jacouton E, Gervason S, Meynier M, Boucard AS, Carvalho FA, Barbut F, Bermúdez-Humarán LG, Langella P, Waligora-Dupriet AJ. Serpin-positive Bifidobacterium breve CNCM I-5644 improves intestinal permeability in two models of irritable bowel syndrome. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19776. [PMID: 36396717 PMCID: PMC9672316 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21746-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotic supplementation can help to mitigate the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) by reinforcing the intestinal barrier, and reducing both inflammation and proteolytic activity. Here, a combination of in vitro tests was performed on 33 Bifidobacterium strains as probiotic candidates for IBS. In addition to the classical tests performed, the detection of the serine protease inhibitor (serpin) enzyme capable of decreasing the high proteolytic activity found in IBS patients was included. Three serpin-positive strains were selected: Bifidobacterium breve CNCM I-5644, Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis CNCM I-5645 and B. longum CNCM I-5646 for their immunomodulation properties and protection of intestinal epithelial integrity in vitro. Furthermore, we found that B. breve CNCM I-5644 strain prevented intestinal hyperpermeability by upregulating Cingulin and Tight Junction Protein 1 mRNA levels and reducing pro-inflammatory markers. The ability of CNCM I-5644 strain to restore intestinal hyperpermeability (FITC-dextran) was shown in the murine model of low-grade inflammation induced by dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS). This effect of this strain was corroborated in a second model of IBS, the neonatal maternal separation model in mice. Altogether, these data suggest that serpin-positive B. breve CNCM I-5644 may partially prevent disorders associated with increased barrier permeability such as IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Torres-Maravilla
- grid.460789.40000 0004 4910 6535INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France ,grid.7429.80000000121866389Université Paris Cité, INSERM, 3PHM, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Sophie Holowacz
- PiLeJe Laboratoire, 37 Quai de Grenelle, 75015 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Johanne Delannoy
- grid.7429.80000000121866389Université Paris Cité, INSERM, 3PHM, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Loïc Lenoir
- PiLeJe Laboratoire, 37 Quai de Grenelle, 75015 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Elsa Jacouton
- PiLeJe Laboratoire, 37 Quai de Grenelle, 75015 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Sandie Gervason
- grid.494717.80000000115480420INSERM UMR 1107 NeuroDol, University of Clermont Auvergne, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Maëva Meynier
- grid.494717.80000000115480420INSERM UMR 1107 NeuroDol, University of Clermont Auvergne, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Boucard
- grid.460789.40000 0004 4910 6535INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Frédéric A. Carvalho
- grid.494717.80000000115480420INSERM UMR 1107 NeuroDol, University of Clermont Auvergne, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Frédéric Barbut
- grid.7429.80000000121866389Université Paris Cité, INSERM, 3PHM, F-75006 Paris, France ,grid.50550.350000 0001 2175 4109National Reference Laboratory for C. Difficile, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Luis G. Bermúdez-Humarán
- grid.460789.40000 0004 4910 6535INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Philippe Langella
- grid.460789.40000 0004 4910 6535INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
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11
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Schnur S, Wahl V, Metz JK, Gillmann J, Hans F, Rotermund K, Zäh RK, Brück DA, Schneider M, Hittinger M. Inflammatory bowel disease addressed by Caco-2 and monocyte-derived macrophages: an opportunity for an in vitro drug screening assay. IN VITRO MODELS 2022; 1:365-383. [PMID: 37520160 PMCID: PMC9630817 DOI: 10.1007/s44164-022-00035-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a widespread disease, affecting a growing demographic. The treatment of chronic inflammation located in the GI-tract is dependent on the severity; therefore, the IBD treatment pyramid is commonly applied. Animal experimentation plays a key role for novel IBD drug development; nevertheless, it is ethically questionable and limited in its throughput. Reliable and valid in vitro assays offer the opportunity to overcome these limitations. We combined Caco-2 with monocyte-derived macrophages and exposed them to known drugs, targeting an in vitro-in vivo correlation (IVIVC) with a focus on the severity level and its related drug candidate. This co-culture assay addresses namely the intestinal barrier and the immune response in IBD. The drug efficacy was analyzed by an LPS-inflammation of the co-culture and drug exposure according to the IBD treatment pyramid. Efficacy was defined as the range between LPS control (0%) and untreated co-culture (100%) independent of the investigated read-out (TEER, Papp, cytokine release: IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α). The release of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α was identified as an appropriate readout for a fast drug screening ("yes-no response"). TEER showed a remarkable IVIVC correlation to the human treatment pyramid (5-ASA, Prednisolone, 6-mercaptopurine, and infliximab) with an R2 of 0.68. Similar to the description of an adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework, we advocate establishing an "Efficacy Outcome Pathways (EOPs)" framework for drug efficacy assays. The in vitro assay offers an easy and scalable method for IBD drug screening with a focus on human data, which requires further validation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s44164-022-00035-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Schnur
- Department of Pharmacy, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
- PharmBioTec Research and Development GmbH, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Vanessa Wahl
- PharmBioTec Research and Development GmbH, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Julia K. Metz
- PharmBioTec Research and Development GmbH, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | | | - Fabian Hans
- Department of Pharmacy, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
- PharmBioTec Research and Development GmbH, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | | | - Ralf-Kilian Zäh
- Department of Automation, Microcontroller, Signals; School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences, htw saar, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Dietmar A. Brück
- Department of Automation, Microcontroller, Signals; School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences, htw saar, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Marc Schneider
- Department of Pharmacy, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Marius Hittinger
- Department of Pharmacy, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
- PharmBioTec Research and Development GmbH, Saarbrücken, Germany
- 3RProducts Marius Hittinger, Blieskastel, Germany
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12
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Droessler L, Cornelius V, Boehm E, Stein L, Brunner N, Amasheh S. Barrier Perturbation in Porcine Peyer’s Patches by Tumor Necrosis Factor is Associated With a Dysregulation of Claudins. Front Physiol 2022; 13:889552. [PMID: 35707009 PMCID: PMC9189282 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.889552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF) has been described as one of the main mediators of intestinal inflammatory diseases, affecting the composition of tight junction (TJ) proteins and leading to a disruption of the epithelial barrier. An intact intestinal barrier is mandatory, because the follicle-associated epithelium of Peyer’s patches represents the first defense line of the intestinal immune system and ensures a controlled uptake of antigens from the gut lumen. In the current study, we have analyzed the detailed effects of TNF on the follicle-associated epithelium of porcine Peyer’s patches by applying the Ussing chamber technique. Epithelial tissue specimens of Peyer’s patches and the surrounding villus epithelium were mounted into conventional Ussing chambers and incubated with TNF for 10 h. The transepithelial resistance, representing epithelial barrier function of the tissue, was recorded. A reduction of transepithelial resistance was detected after 8 h in Peyer’s patch tissue specimens, whereas the villus epithelium was not significantly affected by TNF. Subsequent molecular analysis of TJ protein expression revealed a marked decrease of claudin-1 and -4, and an increase of claudin-2. In neighboring villus epithelium, no significant changes in the expression of TJ proteins could be shown. A strong increase of TNF receptor-2 (TNFR-2) could also be detected in Peyer’s patches, in agreement with the major role of this receptor in Peyer’s patches. Our findings were in accordance with changes detected by confocal laser scanning immunofluorescence microscopy. The regulation of TNF effects via myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) was analyzed in blocking experiments. Our detailed analysis is the first to show that TNF affects the barrier function of the follicle-associated epithelium of porcine Peyer’s patches but has no effects on the villus epithelium. These findings reveal not only the basic differences of epithelial barrier function between the two structures, but also the significance of Peyer’s patches as a primary mucosal immune defense.
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Sun L, Guo L, Xu G, Li Z, Appiah MO, Yang L, Lu W. Quercetin Reduces Inflammation and Protects Gut Microbiota in Broilers. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27103269. [PMID: 35630745 PMCID: PMC9147699 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of quercetin on inflammatory response and intestinal microflora in broiler chicken jejuna. A total of 120 broiler chickens were allocated into 3 groups: saline-challenged broilers fed a basal diet (CTR group), lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged broilers fed a basal diet (L group) and LPS-challenged broilers fed a basal diet supplemented with 200 mg/kg quercetin (LQ group). Our results showed that LPS significantly increased expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, interferon (IFN)-γ, toll-like receptor (TLR)-4, Bax, Caspase-3 and diamine oxidase activity (DAO), and decreased expression of zona occludens-1 (ZO-1), Occludin and Bcl-2 in the jejunum, while dietary quercetin prevented the adverse effects of LPS injection. LPS injection significantly decreased the number of Actinobacteria, Armatimonadetes and Fibrobacteriae at the phylum level when compared to the CTR group. Additionally, at genus level, compared with the CTR group, the abundance of Halomonas, Micromonospora, Nitriliruptor, Peptococcus, Rubellimicrobium, Rubrobacter and Slaclda in L group was significantly decreased, while dietary quercetin restored the numbers of these bacteria. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that dietary quercetin could alleviate inflammatory responses of broiler chickens accompanied by modulating jejunum microflora.
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14
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Shehata AA, Yalçın S, Latorre JD, Basiouni S, Attia YA, Abd El-Wahab A, Visscher C, El-Seedi HR, Huber C, Hafez HM, Eisenreich W, Tellez-Isaias G. Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Phytogenic Substances for Optimizing Gut Health in Poultry. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10020395. [PMID: 35208851 PMCID: PMC8877156 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10020395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota has been designated as a hidden metabolic ‘organ’ because of its enormous impact on host metabolism, physiology, nutrition, and immune function. The connection between the intestinal microbiota and their respective host animals is dynamic and, in general, mutually beneficial. This complicated interaction is seen as a determinant of health and disease; thus, intestinal dysbiosis is linked with several metabolic diseases. Therefore, tractable strategies targeting the regulation of intestinal microbiota can control several diseases that are closely related to inflammatory and metabolic disorders. As a result, animal health and performance are improved. One of these strategies is related to dietary supplementation with prebiotics, probiotics, and phytogenic substances. These supplements exert their effects indirectly through manipulation of gut microbiota quality and improvement in intestinal epithelial barrier. Several phytogenic substances, such as berberine, resveratrol, curcumin, carvacrol, thymol, isoflavones and hydrolyzed fibers, have been identified as potential supplements that may also act as welcome means to reduce the usage of antibiotics in feedstock, including poultry farming, through manipulation of the gut microbiome. In addition, these compounds may improve the integrity of tight junctions by controlling tight junction-related proteins and inflammatory signaling pathways in the host animals. In this review, we discuss the role of probiotics, prebiotics, and phytogenic substances in optimizing gut function in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awad A. Shehata
- Research and Development Section, PerNaturam GmbH, 56290 Gödenroth, Germany
- Avian and Rabbit Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt
- Correspondence: (A.A.S.); (G.T.-I.)
| | - Sakine Yalçın
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University (AU), 06110 Ankara, Turkey;
| | - Juan D. Latorre
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;
| | - Shereen Basiouni
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt;
| | - Youssef A. Attia
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Amr Abd El-Wahab
- Institute for Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30173 Hannover, Germany; (A.A.E.-W.); (C.V.)
- Department of Nutrition and Nutritional Deficiency Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Christian Visscher
- Institute for Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30173 Hannover, Germany; (A.A.E.-W.); (C.V.)
| | - Hesham R. El-Seedi
- Pharmacognosy Group, Biomedical Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, SE 75124 Uppsala, Sweden;
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-Products Processing, Jiangsu Education Department, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Claudia Huber
- Bavarian NMR Center, Structural Membrane Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbegstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany; (C.H.); (W.E.)
| | - Hafez M. Hafez
- Institute of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Free University of Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Wolfgang Eisenreich
- Bavarian NMR Center, Structural Membrane Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbegstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany; (C.H.); (W.E.)
| | - Guillermo Tellez-Isaias
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;
- Correspondence: (A.A.S.); (G.T.-I.)
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15
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Burkard N, Meir M, Kannapin F, Otto C, Petzke M, Germer CT, Waschke J, Schlegel N. Desmoglein2 Regulates Claudin2 Expression by Sequestering PI-3-Kinase in Intestinal Epithelial Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:756321. [PMID: 34659262 PMCID: PMC8514949 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.756321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation-induced reduction of intestinal desmosomal cadherin Desmoglein 2 (Dsg2) is linked to changes of tight junctions (TJ) leading to impaired intestinal epithelial barrier (IEB) function by undefined mechanisms. We characterized the interplay between loss of Dsg2 and upregulation of pore-forming TJ protein Claudin2. Intraperitoneal application of Dsg2-stablising Tandem peptide (TP) attenuated impaired IEB function, reduction of Dsg2 and increased Claudin2 in DSS-induced colitis in C57Bl/6 mice. TP blocked loss of Dsg2-mediated adhesion and upregulation of Claudin2 in Caco2 cells challenged with TNFα. In Dsg2-deficient Caco2 cells basal expression of Claudin2 was increased which was paralleled by reduced transepithelial electrical resistance and by augmented phosphorylation of AKTSer473 under basal conditions. Inhibition of phosphoinositid-3-kinase proved that PI-3-kinase/AKT-signaling is critical to upregulate Claudin2. In immunostaining PI-3-kinase dissociated from Dsg2 under inflammatory conditions. Immunoprecipitations and proximity ligation assays confirmed a direct interaction of Dsg2 and PI-3-kinase which was abrogated following TNFα application. In summary, Dsg2 regulates Claudin2 expression by sequestering PI-3-kinase to the cell borders in intestinal epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Burkard
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michael Meir
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Felix Kannapin
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Otto
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Petzke
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christoph-Thomas Germer
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jens Waschke
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicolas Schlegel
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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16
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Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Effects on the Porcine Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Include Enhanced Expression of TNF Receptor 1. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168746. [PMID: 34445450 PMCID: PMC8395858 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) has been shown to impair the intestinal barrier, inducing and maintaining inflammatory states of the intestine. The aim of the current study was to analyze functional, molecular and regulatory effects of TNFα in a newly established non-transformed jejunal enterocyte model, namely IPEC-J2 monolayers. Incubation with 1000 U/mL TNFα induced a marked decrease in transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), and an increase in permeability for the paracellular flux marker [3H]-D-mannitol compared to controls. Immunoblots revealed a significant decrease in tight junction (TJ) proteins occludin, claudin-1 and claudin-3. Moreover, a dose-dependent increase in the TNF receptor (TNFR)-1 was detected, explaining the exponential nature of pro-inflammatory effects, while TNFR-2 remained unchanged. Recovery experiments revealed reversible effects after the removal of the cytokine, excluding apoptosis as a reason for the observed changes. Furthermore, TNFα signaling could be inhibited by the specific myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) blocker ML-7. Results of confocal laser scanning immunofluorescence microscopy were in accordance with all quantitative changes. This study explains the self-enhancing effects of TNFα mediated by MLCK, leading to a differential regulation of TJ proteins resulting in barrier impairment in the intestinal epithelium.
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17
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Breitrück A, Weigel M, Hofrichter J, Sempert K, Kerkhoff C, Mohebali N, Mitzner S, Hain T, Kreikemeyer B. Smectite as a Preventive Oral Treatment to Reduce Clinical Symptoms of DSS Induced Colitis in Balb/c Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8699. [PMID: 34445403 PMCID: PMC8395406 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural smectites have demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of diarrhea. The present study evaluated the prophylactic effect of a diosmectite (FI5pp) on the clinical course, colon damage, expression of tight junction (TJ) proteins and the composition of the gut microbiota in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) colitis. Diosmectite was administered daily to Balb/c mice from day 1 to 7 by oral gavage, followed by induction of acute DSS-colitis from day 8 to 14 ("Control", n = 6; "DSS", n = 10; "FI5pp + DSS", n = 11). Mice were sacrificed on day 21. Clinical symptoms (body weight, stool consistency and occult blood) were checked daily after colitis induction. Colon tissue was collected for histological damage scoring and quantification of tight junction protein expression. Stool samples were collected for microbiome analysis. Our study revealed prophylactic diosmectite treatment attenuated the severity of DSS colitis, which was apparent by significantly reduced weight loss (p = 0.022 vs. DSS), disease activity index (p = 0.0025 vs. DSS) and histological damage score (p = 0.023 vs. DSS). No significant effects were obtained for the expression of TJ proteins (claudin-2 and claudin-3) after diosmectite treatment. Characterization of the microbial composition by 16S amplicon NGS showed that diosmectite treatment modified the DSS-associated dysbiosis. Thus, diosmectites are promising candidates for therapeutic approaches to target intestinal inflammation and to identify possible underlying mechanisms of diosmectites in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Breitrück
- Extracorporeal Immunomodulation Unit (EXIM), Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), 18057 Rostock, Germany; (J.H.); (S.M.)
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medicine Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Markus Weigel
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Justus Liebig University, 35392 Giessen, Germany;
| | - Jacqueline Hofrichter
- Extracorporeal Immunomodulation Unit (EXIM), Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), 18057 Rostock, Germany; (J.H.); (S.M.)
| | - Kai Sempert
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, 4072 St Lucia, Brisbane 4000, Australia;
| | - Claus Kerkhoff
- Department of Human Sciences, School of Human Sciences, University of Osnabrück, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany;
| | - Nooshin Mohebali
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medicine Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany;
| | - Steffen Mitzner
- Extracorporeal Immunomodulation Unit (EXIM), Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), 18057 Rostock, Germany; (J.H.); (S.M.)
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medicine Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Torsten Hain
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Justus Liebig University, 35392 Giessen, Germany;
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Giessen-Marburg-Langen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Bernd Kreikemeyer
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medicine Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany;
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18
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Nattramilarasu PK, Lobo de Sá FD, Schulzke JD, Bücker R. Immune-Mediated Aggravation of the Campylobacter concisus-Induced Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042043. [PMID: 33669494 PMCID: PMC7922099 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter concisus is a human-pathogenic bacterium of the gastrointestinal tract. This study aimed at the contribution of the mucosal immune system in the context of intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction induced by C. concisus. As an experimental leaky gut model, we used in vitro co-cultures of colonic epithelial cell monolayers (HT-29/B6-GR/MR) with M1-macrophage-like THP-1 cells on the basal side. Forty-eight hours after C. concisus infection, the decrease in the transepithelial electrical resistance in cell monolayers was more pronounced in co-culture condition and 22 ± 2% (p < 0.001) higher than the monoculture condition without THP-1 cells. Concomitantly, we observed a reduction in the expression of the tight junction proteins occludin and tricellulin. We also detected a profound increase in 4 kDa FITC-dextran permeability in C. concisus-infected cell monolayers only in co-culture conditions. This is explained by loss of tricellulin from tricellular tight junctions (tTJs) after C. concisus infection. As an underlying mechanism, we observed an inflammatory response after C. concisus infection through pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) released from THP-1 cells in the co-culture condition. In conclusion, the activation of subepithelial immune cells exacerbates colonic epithelial barrier dysfunction by C. concisus through tricellulin disruption in tTJs, leading to increased antigen permeability (leaky gut concept).
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19
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Fang W, Zhao P, Shen A, Liu L, Chen H, Chen Y, Peng J, Sferra TJ, Sankararaman S, Luo Y, Ke X. Effects of Qing Hua Chang Yin on lipopolysaccharide‑induced intestinal epithelial tight junction injury in Caco‑2 cells. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:205. [PMID: 33495820 PMCID: PMC7821280 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.11844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Disruption of the intestinal mucosal barrier integrity is a pathogenic process in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) development, and is therefore considered a drug discovery target for IBD. The well‑known traditional Chinese formulation Qing Hua Chang Yin (QHCY) has been suggested as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of ulcerative colitis. However, the possible underlying molecular mechanisms regarding its therapeutic effect remain unclear. Consequently, the present study investigated the effects of QHCY on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑induced loss of intestinal epithelial barrier integrity in vitro using the Caco‑2 cell model of intestinal epithelium. QHCY reversed the LPS‑induced decrease in transepithelial electrical resistance and significantly alleviated the increased fluorescently‑labeled dextran 4 flux caused by LPS. Moreover, QHCY upregulated the mRNA and protein expression levels of occludin, zona occludens‑1 and claudin‑1 in LPS‑exposed Caco‑2 cells. In conclusion, QHCY was able to protect intestinal epithelial barrier integrity following an inflammatory insult; the protective effects of QHCY may be mediated by modulation of the expression of tight junction proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyi Fang
- Spleen and Stomach Research Room, Second People's Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, P.R. China
| | - Peilin Zhao
- Spleen and Stomach Research Room, Second People's Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, P.R. China
| | - Aling Shen
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Geriatric Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Liya Liu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Geriatric Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Hongwei Chen
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Geriatric Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Youqin Chen
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Geriatric Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jun Peng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Geriatric Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Thomas J Sferra
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Senthilkumar Sankararaman
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Yunfeng Luo
- Spleen and Stomach Research Room, Second People's Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Ke
- Spleen and Stomach Research Room, Second People's Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, P.R. China
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20
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Wu H, Chen QY, Wang WZ, Chu S, Liu XX, Liu YJ, Tan C, Zhu F, Deng SJ, Dong YL, Yu T, Gao F, He HX, Leng XY, Fan H. Compound sophorae decoction enhances intestinal barrier function of dextran sodium sulfate induced colitis via regulating notch signaling pathway in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 133:110937. [PMID: 33217689 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compound sophorae decoction (CSD), a Chinese Herbal decoction, is frequently clinically prescribed for patients suffered from ulcerative colitis (UC) characterized by bloody diarrhea. Yet, the underlying mechanism about how this formulae works is remain elusive. METHODS In the present study, the experimental colitis in C57BL/6 J mice was induced by oral administration of standard diets containing 3% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), and CSD was given orally for treatment at the same time. The clinical symptoms including stool and body weight were recorded each day, and colon length and its histopathological changes were observed. Apoptosis of colonic epithelium was studied by detecting protein expression of cleaved caspase-3, and cell proliferation by Ki-67 immunohistochemistry. Tight junction complex like ZO-1 and occludin were also determined by transmission electron microscope and immunofluorescence. The concentration of FITC-dextran 4000 was measured to evaluate intestinal barrier permeability and possible signaling pathway was investigated. Mucin2 (MUC2) and notch pathway were tested through western blot. The M1/M2 ratio in spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes were detected by flow cytometry. And the mRNA levels of iNOS and Arg1 were examined by qRT-PCR. RESULTS CSD could significantly alleviate the clinical manifestations and pathological damage. Body weight loss and DAI score of mice with colitis were improved and shortening of colon was inhibited. The administration of CSD was able to reduce apoptotic epithelial cells and facilitate epithelial cell regeneration. Increased intestinal permeability was reduced in DSS-induced colitis mice. In addition, CSD treatment obviously up-regulated the expression of ZO-1 and occludin and the secretion of MUC2, regulated notch signaling, and decreased the ratio of M1/M2. CONCLUSIONS These data together suggest that CSD can effectively mitigate intestinal inflammation, promote phenotypic change in macrophage phenotype and enhance colonic mucosal barrier function by, at least in part, regulating notch signaling in mice affected by DSS-induced colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Qian-Yun Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wen-Zhu Wang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Si Chu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xing-Xing Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yu-Jin Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Chen Tan
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Shuang-Jiao Deng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ya-Lan Dong
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ting Yu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Hong-Xia He
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xue-Yuan Leng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Heng Fan
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Li Y, Yang H, Yuan S. D-Pinitol-attenuated trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in experimental rats: possible through inhibition of nuclear factor-κb/nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in b-cell inhibitor-alpha pathway and activation of colonic tight junction proteins. Pharmacogn Mag 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_177_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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22
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Li M, Wang J, Wu P, Manthari RK, Zhao Y, Li W, Wang J. Self-recovery study of the adverse effects of fluoride on small intestine: Involvement of pyroptosis induced inflammation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 742:140533. [PMID: 32721723 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Increasing investigations suggest that fluoride (F) exposure was associated with gastrointestinal diseases, but related literatures were still largely insufficient and the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Moreover, previous study in our lab reported F toxicity has the reversible tendency, but it still needs to be further explored. To address this issue, we established a 90 days F exposure and 15 days & 30 days self-recovery mice model, including control and three F groups (25, 50 and 100 mg/L sodium fluoride (NaF)) in each period. The results revealed that after 90 days F exposure, histological structure and ultrastructure of small intestine were markedly disrupted; the value of villus height to crypt depth, and expressions of tight junctions related mRNA and proteins were significantly decreased; intestinal permeability, pro-inflammatory cytokines and pyroptosis related mRNA and proteins were notably increased in duodenum, jejunum and ileum. However, intriguingly, after 30 days recovery period, indices in F groups almost all have recovered towards normalcy. Collectively, this study demonstrated that F exposure could impair the structure and epithelial barrier function of small intestine, leading to the intestinal inflammation, and pyroptosis may contribute to this damage; Furthermore, F toxicity on small intestine is reversible, and could be restored when off the F exposure environment for a certain period of time. Additionally, among the three regions of small intestine, duodenum seems more vulnerable to F exposure than jejunum and ileum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyan Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Jinming Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Panhong Wu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Ram Kumar Manthari
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Yangfei Zhao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Wanpan Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Jundong Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China.
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Cao X, Sun L, Lechuga S, Naydenov NG, Feygin A, Ivanov AI. A Novel Pharmacological Approach to Enhance the Integrity and Accelerate Restitution of the Intestinal Epithelial Barrier. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2020; 26:1340-1352. [PMID: 32266946 PMCID: PMC7441106 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izaa063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disruption of the gut barrier is an essential mechanism of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) contributing to the development of mucosal inflammation. A hallmark of barrier disruption is the disassembly of epithelial adherens junctions (AJs) driven by decreased expression of a major AJ protein, E-cadherin. A group of isoxazole compounds, such as E-cadherin-upregulator (ECU) and ML327, were previously shown to stimulate E-cadherin expression in poorly differentiated human cancer cells. This study was designed to examine whether these isoxazole compounds can enhance and protect model intestinal epithelial barriers in vitro. METHODS The study was conducted using T84, SK-CO15, and HT-29 human colonic epithelial cell monolayers. Disruption of the epithelial barrier was induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interferon-γ. Barrier integrity and epithelial junction assembly was examined using different permeability assays, immunofluorescence labeling, and confocal microscopy. Epithelial restitution was analyzed using a scratch wound healing assay. RESULTS E-cadherin-upregulator and ML327 treatment of intestinal epithelial cell monolayers resulted in several barrier-protective effects, including reduced steady-state epithelial permeability, inhibition of cytokine-induced barrier disruption and junction disassembly, and acceleration of epithelial wound healing. Surprisingly, these effects were not due to upregulation of E-cadherin expression but were mediated by multiple mechanisms including inhibition of junction protein endocytosis, attenuation of cytokine-induced apoptosis, and activation of promigratory Src and AKT signaling. CONCLUSIONS Our data highlight ECU and ML327 as promising compounds for developing new therapeutic strategies to protect the integrity and accelerate the restitution of the intestinal epithelial barrier in IBD and other inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelei Cao
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH
| | - Lei Sun
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH
| | - Susana Lechuga
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH
| | - Nayden G Naydenov
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH
| | - Alex Feygin
- School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Andrei I Ivanov
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH,Address correspondence to: Andrei I. Ivanov, PhD, Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, NC22, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA. E-mail:
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24
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Tang X, Huang G, Zhang T, Li S. Elucidation of colon-protective efficacy of diosgenin in experimental TNBS-induced colitis: inhibition of NF-κB/IkB-α and Bax/Caspase-1 signaling pathways. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2020; 84:1903-1912. [PMID: 32525764 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2020.1776590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of present investigation was to elucidate the unrevealed beneficial role of diosgenin against an experimental model of TNBS (2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesufonic acid)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC). Colitis was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by intrarectal administration of TNBS (in 50% ethanol). Then animals were treated with diosgenin (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) for 14 days. Various biochemical, behavioral, molecular, and histological analysis was performed. Diosgenin significantly decreased (p < 0.05) TNBS-induced elevated colonic oxido-nitrosative damage, myeloperoxidase, hydroxyproline, mRNA expressions of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IFN-γ) and inflammatory markers (iNOs and COX-2) induced by TNBS. Western blot analysis relevated that TNBS-induced up-regulated protein expressions of NF-κB, IκBα, Bax, and Caspase-1 were markedly decreased (p < 0.05) by diosgenin treatment. It also markedly ameliorated the histological insults induced in the colon by TNBS. In conclusion, diosgenin exerts its colon-protective efficacy probably through the inhibition of NF-κB/IkB-α and Bax/Caspase-1 signaling pathways to experimental TNBS-induced ulcerative colitis. ABBREVIATIONS ANOVA: Analysis of variance; 5-ASA: 5-aminosalicylic acid; Bax: Bcl-2-associated X protein; COX-2: Cyclooxygenase-2; DAI: Disease Activity Index; DMSO: Dimethyl sulfoxide; GAPDH: Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase; GSH: Glutathione; HP: Hydroxyproline; IAEC: International Animal Ethics Committee; IBD: Inflammatory Bowel Disease; IBS: Inflammatory Bowel Syndrome; IL's: Interleukin's; IFN-γ: Interferon-gamma; IκBα: nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor-alpha; iNOs: Inducible nitric oxide synthase; LTB4: Leukotriene B4; MDA: Malondialdehyde; MPO: Myeloperoxidase; NO: Nitric Oxide; NF-κB: Nuclear Factor-κB; ROS: Reactive Oxygen Species; SOD: Superoxide Dismutase; TNBS: Trinitrobenzene Sulfonic Acid; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Tang
- Gastroenterology Department, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical , Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Gengzhen Huang
- Gastroenterology Department, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical , Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Gastroenterology Department, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical , Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Shiqing Li
- Gastroenterology Department, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical , Nanchong, Sichuan, China
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25
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Dawood MAO, Moustafa EM, Elbialy ZI, Farrag F, Lolo EEE, Abdel-Daim HA, Abdel-Daim MM, Van Doan H. Lactobacillus plantarum L-137 and/or β-glucan impacted the histopathological, antioxidant, immune-related genes and resistance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) against Aeromonas hydrophila. Res Vet Sci 2020; 130:212-221. [PMID: 32203766 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A trial was operated to assess the potential of using Lactobacillus plantarum L-137 (L-137) and/or β-glucan (BG) in improving the resistance of Nile tilapia against Aeromonas hydrophila. Control diet and 3 diets supplemented with L-137, BG or L-137 + BG were prepared. Final body weight, specific growth rate, superoxide dismutase, and catalase showed considerably (P < .05) increased values in L-137 or L-137/BG groups, while glutathione peroxidase increased significantly (P < .05) only in L-137/BG group. Fish fed L-137 and/or BG diets showed that feed conversion ratio and malonaldehyde levels were significantly decreased (P < .05). Also, both L-137 and BG helped Nile tilapia to have high phagocytosis activity and relative expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) and interferon-gamma (INF-γ) genes. After A. hydrophila challenge, the intestinal villi epithelium of the L-137/BG group was intact and denser than the other groups. The hepatopancreas and spleen of the control group displayed severe necrosis in hepatocytes and congestion of blood sinusoids in addition to diffuse vacuolation. Regarding the L-137, BG and L-137/BG groups, there was a moderate and normal degree of vacuolation with focal necrosis and mild to moderate degree of congestion of blood sinusoids. Red blood cells, hemoglobin, and albumin showed meaningfully (P < .05) increased values in L-137 or L-137/BG groups. TNF-α, IL-1β, and INF-γ expressions were upregulated by L-137 and/or BG. The obtained results revealed the ability of L-137 and/or BG to protect Nile tilapia from the effects of A. hydrophila infection by the motivation of the immune, antioxidative, and antiinflammation responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A O Dawood
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516 Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.
| | - Eman Moustafa Moustafa
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516 Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Zizy I Elbialy
- Fish Processing and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516 Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Foad Farrag
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516 Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Emad E E Lolo
- Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516 Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Hanaa A Abdel-Daim
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516 Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Innoviative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand..
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26
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Osho SO, Adeola O. Chitosan oligosaccharide supplementation alleviates stress stimulated by in-feed dexamethasone in broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2020; 99:2061-2067. [PMID: 32241491 PMCID: PMC7587614 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2019.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, jejunal morphology, gene expression, and plasma antioxidant enzymes in male broiler chickens under experimentally induced stress via in-feed dexamethasone (DEX). On day 3 after hatching, male broiler chicks were assigned to 2 diets supplemented with COS at 0 or 1 g/kg in a randomized complete block design and fed to day 27 after hatching. Birds were pooled within each diet (0 or 1 g/kg COS) to equalize the average BW and fed 2 diets supplemented with 0 or 1 g/kg DEX, within each dietary COS, from day 20 to 27 after hatching. This resulted in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments with 2 levels each of COS and DEX, 8 replicate cages of 7 birds per cage. On day 27 after hatching, birds were weighed and euthanized, and samples were collected. Dietary COS decreased (P < 0.05) DEX-induced effects (interaction; P < 0.05) on BW, BW gain, and gain:feed. Dietary COS supplementation attenuated the DEX effects (interaction; P < 0.05) on villus height, crypt depth, villus height to crypt depth ratio, and ileal digestibility of dry matter and energy. The DEX-induced effect of relative mRNA expression of jejunal mucosa IL-6, IL-10, and claudin-1 was reduced by dietary COS supplementation (interaction; P < 0.05). Responses (interaction; P < 0.05) in the activity of plasma superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase to COS and DEX were similar to those observed with the relative mRNA expression. Chitosan oligosaccharide supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the mRNA expression of IL-8 and occludin. In conclusion, dietary COS decreased the DEX-induced effect by improving growth performance, nutrient digestibility, jejunal morphology, gene expression, and plasma antioxidant enzymes in broiler chickens. This implies that dietary COS may be useful for ameliorating the negative effect of stress on gut health in broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O Osho
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - O Adeola
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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Guo G, Shi F, Zhu J, Shao Y, Gong W, Zhou G, Wu H, She J, Shi W. Piperine, a functional food alkaloid, exhibits inhibitory potential against TNBS-induced colitis via the inhibition of IκB-α/NF-κB and induces tight junction protein (claudin-1, occludin, and ZO-1) signaling pathway in experimental mice. Hum Exp Toxicol 2019; 39:477-491. [PMID: 31835924 DOI: 10.1177/0960327119892042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic immunoinflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract. Piperine, an alkaloid, has been reported to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and antiulcer potential. AIM To elucidate the plausible mechanisms of action of piperine on experimental trinitrobenzenesufonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis by assessing various biochemical, molecular, histological, and ultrastructural modifications. METHODS Colitis was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats via intrarectal instillation of TNBS. Then, the rats were treated with piperine (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg, p.o.) for 14 days. RESULTS TNBS induced significant (p < 0.05) colonic damage, which was assessed by disease activity index, macroscopic score, and stool consistency. The administration of piperine (20 and 40 mg/kg) significantly inhibited (p < 0.05) these damages. Treatments with piperine (20 and 40 mg/kg) notably inhibited (p < 0.05) the TNBS-induced elevation of oxido-nitrosative stress (superoxide dismutase, glutathione, malondialdehyde, and nitric oxide), 5-hydroxytryptamine, and hydroxyproline content in the colon. Furthermore, colonic inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOs), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, interferon-gamma, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions were upregulated after TNBS instillation and piperine (20 and 40 mg/kg) significantly attenuated (p < 0.05) these elevated mRNA expressions. TNBS decreased the expressions of tight junction (TJ) protein (claudin-1, occludin, and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1)) and increased the expressions of proapoptotic (caspase-1) protein. These expressions were markedly inhibited (p < 0.05) by piperine treatment. Histological and ultrastructural studies of transmission electron microscopy suggested that piperine significantly ameliorated (p < 0.05) TNBS-induced colonic aberrations. CONCLUSION Piperine ameliorated the progression of TNBS-induced colitis by modulating the nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor-alpha/nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathway, thus inhibiting the overexpression of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL's), COX-2, iNOs, oxido-nitrosative stress, and proapoptotic proteins (caspase-1) that may improve the expression of TJ protein (claudin-1, occludin, and ZO-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- G Guo
- Department of Talent Highland, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xian, China
| | - F Shi
- Department of Talent Highland, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xian, China.,Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xian, China
| | - J Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Y Shao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - W Gong
- Department of Ultrasound, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - G Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - H Wu
- Department of Talent Highland, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xian, China
| | - J She
- Department of Talent Highland, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xian, China.,Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xian, China
| | - W Shi
- Department of Talent Highland, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xian, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Electroacupuncture Regulates Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction by Decreasing Corticotropin-Releasing Factor in a Rat Model of IBS. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2019; 2019:1759842. [PMID: 31737064 PMCID: PMC6815621 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1759842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Acupuncture is effective for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS); however, the mechanisms of action are not fully understood. We aim to explore the mechanism of electroacupuncture (EA) in the dual regulation of disorders of gut-brain interaction. Methods A rat model of IBS was generated by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). Eight of 32 rats were assigned to the blank control group. The remaining 24 rats received CUMS for 14 days. Then, the rats surviving and successfully modelled were randomly divided into the CUMS group, the CUMS+EA group, and the CUMS+PB (pinaverium bromide) group. In the next 14 days of treatment, rats in the CUMS+EA group were acupunctured at ST25 (Tianshu), ST36 (Zusanli), SP6 (Sanyinjiao), and LR3 (Taichong) for 15 min every day. Rats in the CUMS+PB group were treated by the administration of gavage with 2.7 mg/mL pinaverium every day. Visceral pain threshold, the percentage of time spent in open arms (OT%) in the elevated plus maze test (EPMT), and the sucrose preference (SP%) in the sucrose preference test (SPT) were measured at baseline, day 15, and day 30. The expression of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), the morphology of the connective structure of intestinal epithelium, the CRF and CRF-R1 mRNA expression in the hypothalamus, and the double staining of intestinal mucosal mast cells (IMMC) and CRF-R1 were measured at the end of the experiment. Results Compared with the blank control group, visceral pain threshold pressure, the expression of ZO-1, OT%, SP%, CRF, and CRF-R1 mRNA expression in the hypothalamus, and double staining of IMMC and CRF-R1 were decreased significantly in the CUMS group. Meanwhile, the morphology of the connective structure in the CUMS group was indistinct. Compared with the CUMS group, SP% was significantly increased in the CUMS+EA group, but there was no significant difference for it in the CUMS+PB group. The morphology of the connective structure in the two treatment groups was clear and seeable. And the expression of other parameters mentioned above was apparently increased in the two treatment groups. Compared with the CUMS+PB group, the expression of ZO-1 in the CUMS+EA group was significantly enhanced. And no obvious difference for other parameters was found between the two treatment groups. Conclusions EA treatment can decrease the expression of hypothalamic CRF and CRF-R1, relieve anxiety and depression, meanwhile reduce the expression of CRF-R1 in the gastrointestinal mucosa, increase ZO-1 expression, and adjust tight junctions (TJs) to repair the intestinal mucosal barrier. The above roles suggest that EA may play a dual role in alleviating the gastrointestinal and psychological symptoms of IBS, suggesting a potentially dual therapeutic role for EA in regulating disorders of gut-brain interaction in IBS rats.
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29
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Zhang DX, Kang YH, Zhan S, Zhao ZL, Jin SN, Chen C, Zhang L, Shen JY, Wang CF, Wang GQ, Shan XF, Qian AD. Effect of Bacillus velezensis on Aeromonas veronii-Induced Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Function Damage and Inflammation in Crucian Carp ( Carassius auratus). Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2663. [PMID: 31798571 PMCID: PMC6874145 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aeromonas veronii is an emerging aquatic pathogen causing hemorrhagic septicemia in humans and animals. Probiotic is an effective strategy for controlling enteric infections through reducing intestinal colonization by pathogens. Here we report that the consumption of Bacillus velezensis regulated the intestinal innate immune response and decreased the degree of intestinal inflammation damage caused by the A. veronii in Crucian carp. In this study, we isolated four strains of B. velezensis, named C-11, S-22, L-17 and S-14 from apparently healthy Crucian carp, which exerted a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity inhibiting both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria especially the fish pathogens. B. velezensis isolates showed typical Bacillus characteristics by endospore staining, physiological and biochemical test, enzyme activity analysis (amylase, protease, and lipase), and molecular identification. Here, Bacillus-containing dietary was orally administrated to Crucian carp for 8 weeks before A. veronii challenge. Immunological parameters and the expression of immune-related genes were measured at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks post-administration. The results showed that B. velezensis was found to promote the increase in the phagocytic activities of peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) and head kidney leukocytes (HKLs), as well as the increase in interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) concentration of serum. Lysozyme levels (113.76 U/mL), ACP activity (25.32 U/mL), AKP activity (130.08 U/mL), and SOD activity (240.63 U/mL) were maximum (P < 0.05) in the B. velezensis C-11 treated group at 8 week. Our results showed that Crucian carp fed with the diet containing B. velezensis C-11 and S-22 developed a strong immune response with significantly higher (P < 0.05) levels of IgM in samples of serum, mucus of skin and intestine compared to B. velezensis L-17 and S-14 groups. Moreover, B. velezensis spores appeared to show no toxicity and damage in fish, which could inhabit the gut of Crucian carp. B. velezensis restrained up-regulation of pro-inflammation cytokines (IL-1β, IFN-γ, and TNF-α) mRNA levels in the intestine and head kidney at final stage of administration, and the expression of IL-10 was increased throughout the 10-week trial. A. veronii infection increased the population of inflammatory cells in the intestinal villi in the controls. In contrast, numerous goblet cells and few inflammatory cells infiltrated the mucosa in the B. velezensis groups after challenge with A. veronii. Compared with A. veronii group, B. velezensis could safeguard the integrity of intestinal villi. The highest post-challenge survival rate (75.0%) was recorded in B. velezensis C-11 group. The present data suggest that probiotic B. velezensis act as a potential gut-targeted therapy regimens to protecting fish from pathogenic bacteria infection. IMPORTANCE In this work, four Bacillus velezensis strains isolated from apparently healthy Crucian carp, which exhibited a broad-spectrum antibacterial activity especially the fish pathogens. Administration of B. velezensis induced the enhancement of the intestinal innate immune response through reducing intestinal colonization by pathogens. The isolation and characterization would help better understand probiotic can be recognized as an alternative of antimicrobial drugs protecting human and animal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Xing Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuan-Huan Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Sheng Zhan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Ze-Lin Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Sheng-Nan Jin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Chong Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jin-Yu Shen
- Agriculture Ministry Key Laboratory of Healthy Freshwater Aquaculture, Key Laboratory of Fish Health and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, China
| | - Chun-Feng Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Gui-Qin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Shan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Ai-Dong Qian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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Zhang JS, Corredig M, Morales-Rayas R, Hassan A, Griffiths MW, LaPointe G. Downregulation of Salmonella Virulence Gene Expression During Invasion of Epithelial Cells Treated with Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris JFR1 Requires OppA. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2019; 12:577-588. [PMID: 31377945 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-019-09574-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Invasion of Salmonella into host intestinal epithelial cells requires the expression of virulence genes. In this study, cell culture models of human intestinal cells (mucus-producing HT29-MTX cells, absorptive Caco-2 cells, and combined cocultures of the two) were used to determine the effects of Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris treatments (exopolysaccharide producing and nonproducing strains) on the virulence gene expression of Salmonella Typhimurium and its mutant lacking the oligopeptide permease subunit A (ΔoppA). During the course of epithelial cell (HT29-MTX, Caco-2, and combined) infection by Salmonella Typhimurium DT104, improved barrier function was reflected by increased transepithelial electrical resistance in cells treated with both strains of L. lactis subsp. cremoris. In addition, virulence gene expression was downregulated, accompanied with lower numbers of invasive bacteria into epithelial cells in the presence of L. lactis subsp. cremoris treatments. Similarly, virulence gene expression of Salmonella was also suppressed when coincubated with overnight cultures of both L. lactis subsp. cremoris strains in the absence of epithelial cells. However, in medium or in the presence of cell cultures, Salmonella lacking the OppA permease function remained virulent. HT29-MTX cells and combined cultures stimulated by Salmonella Typhimurium DT104 showed significantly lower secretion levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-8 after treatment with L. lactis subsp. cremoris cell suspensions. Contrarily, these responses were not observed during infection with S. Typhimurium ΔoppA. Both the exopolysaccharide producing and nonproducing strains of L. lactis subsp. cremoris JFR1 exhibited an antivirulence effect against S. Typhimurium DT104 although no significant difference between the two strains was observed. Our results show that an intact peptide transporter is essential for the suppression of Salmonella virulence genes which leads to the protection of the barrier function in the cell culture models studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Zhang
- Canadian Research Institute for Food Safety, Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - M Corredig
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - R Morales-Rayas
- Canadian Research Institute for Food Safety, Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - A Hassan
- Daisy Brand, Dallas, TX, 75251, USA
| | - M W Griffiths
- Canadian Research Institute for Food Safety, Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Gisèle LaPointe
- Canadian Research Institute for Food Safety, Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.
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Yang M, Jia W, Wang D, Han F, Niu W, Zhang H, Shih DQ, Zhang X. Effects and Mechanism of Constitutive TL1A Expression on Intestinal Mucosal Barrier in DSS-Induced Colitis. Dig Dis Sci 2019; 64:1844-1856. [PMID: 30949903 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-019-05580-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The role of TL1A in the intestinal mucosa barrier in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is still unclear. This study was aimed to investigate the expression levels of tight junction protein (TJ), myosin light chain kinase (MLCK), MyD88 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor-6 (TRAF6) and how TL1A influences the intestinal barrier in IBD. METHODS The mouse models of IBD were built using FMS-TL1A-GFP-transgenic mice and wild-type mice. The morphological and histopathological changes, bacterial translocation, permeability of colonic mucosa, and LPS level were assessed. Caco-2 cells were used to further investigate the association between TL1A and TNF-α and LPS. The protein level and mRNA changes of TJ proteins including ZO-1, occluding, JAMA, claudin-1, claudin-2, and claudin-3 were investigated using Western blot and real-time PCR. Protein changes of MLCK, MyD88 and TNF receptor-associated factor-6 (TRAF6), and TNF-α mRNA in the mouse colon were further assessed. RESULTS The IBD models were successfully built. Cooper HS score and histopathological score of the colon were higher in DSS/WT group than in control/WT group (P < 0.05), higher in DSS/Tg group than in control/Tg group (P < 0.05), and higher in DSS/Tg group than in DSS/WT group. PAS, colonic permeability of the colon, and FITC-D examination showed the similar results and trends. Compared with control/WT group, the levels of TL1A and claudin-2 were higher and the levels of ZO-1, occludin, JAMA, claudin-1, and claudin-3 were lower in DSS/WT group (P < 0.05). Compared with control/Tg group, the levels of TL1A and claudin-2 were higher and the levels of ZO-1, occludin, JAMA, claudin-1, and claudin-3 were lower in DSS/Tg group. Compared with Caco-2 + TNF-α group, the expression level of occludin and claudin-1 in Caco-2 + LV-TNFSF15 + TNF-α group was significantly lower (P < 0.05); p-MLC level was significantly higher. Compared with Caco-2 + LPS group, the expression level of occludin and claudin-1 significantly decreased in Caco-2 + LV-TNFSF15 + LPS group; MyD88 and TRAF6 expression level significantly increased. CONCLUSION The results suggested that TL1A could impair intestinal epithelial barrier in the mouse model of IBD and might regulate TJ expression via MLCK/p-MLC pathway and LPS-mediated MyD88/TRAF6 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 80 Huanghe Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Wenxiu Jia
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 80 Huanghe Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 80 Huanghe Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Fei Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 80 Huanghe Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Weiwei Niu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 80 Huanghe Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 80 Huanghe Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - David Q Shih
- Cedars-Sinai Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Xiaolan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 80 Huanghe Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China.
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Han C, Guan Q, Guo L, Yang Y, Ruan S, Zhang X. The effects and mechanisms of myeloid differentiation protein 2 on intestinal mucosal permeability in mice with chronic colitis. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:21089-21099. [PMID: 31032920 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the mechanism of myeloid differentiation protein 2 (MD2) on intestinal mucosa destruction in mice with chronic colitis. Briefly, a chronic colitis mouse model was established by the administration of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in transgenic mice of MD2 overexpression (Transgenic, MD2-Tg) and C57BL/6 wild-type mice (MD2-WT). In addition, Caco-2 cells were cultured to form a monolayer cell model in vitro. The small interfering RNA was utilized to silence the MD2 gene in Caco-2 cells, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was used to establish the model of intestinal mucosal inflammation. After DSS induction, the intestinal mucosal tissue inflammation was more severe in MD2-Tg mice than MD2-WT. In addition, the intestinal mucosa was severely damaged, the intestinal mucosal permeability was increased, bacterial translocation was obvious, and the expression levels of MD2, MyD88, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and HMGB1 in mucosal tissues were significantly increased, while the expression levels of tight junction proteins, occludin, and claudin-1 were significantly lower in MD2-Tg mice compared with those in MD2-WT mice. TNF-α could induce inflammatory apoptosis in Caco-2 cell models. After MD2 silencing, the apoptotic level was decreased, the value of transepithelial electrical resistance was increased, the permeability of intestinal mucosa was decreased, the cellular expression levels of MD2, MyD88, TLR4, and HMGB1 were decreased, while the expression levels of tight junction proteins, occludin and claudin-1 were increased. MD2 could aggravate the destruction of intestinal mucosa in chronic colitis through the HMGB1-TLR4-MyD88 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Han
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Qiaobing Guan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Li Guo
- Department of Center Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Shuiliang Ruan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
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Li Y, Tian X, Li S, Chang L, Sun P, Lu Y, Yu X, Chen S, Wu Z, Xu Z, Kang W. Total polysaccharides of adlay bran (Coix lachryma-jobi L.) improve TNF-α induced epithelial barrier dysfunction in Caco-2 cells via inhibition of the inflammatory response. Food Funct 2019; 10:2906-2913. [PMID: 31070650 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo00590k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dysfunction of the intestinal epithelial barrier plays an important role in the pathogenesis of several intestinal diseases, including celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and irritable bowel syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlong Li
- Department of spleen and stomach diseases of Gansu Hospital of TCM
- Lanzhou 730050
- China
| | - Xudong Tian
- Department of spleen and stomach diseases of Gansu Hospital of TCM
- Lanzhou 730050
- China
| | - Shengcai Li
- Department of spleen and stomach diseases of Gansu Hospital of TCM
- Lanzhou 730050
- China
| | - Lijun Chang
- Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
| | - Ping Sun
- Department of spleen and stomach diseases of Gansu Hospital of TCM
- Lanzhou 730050
- China
| | - Yubei Lu
- Department of spleen and stomach diseases of Gansu Hospital of TCM
- Lanzhou 730050
- China
| | - Xiaoyan Yu
- Department of spleen and stomach diseases of Gansu Hospital of TCM
- Lanzhou 730050
- China
| | - Shiwang Chen
- Department of spleen and stomach diseases of Gansu Hospital of TCM
- Lanzhou 730050
- China
| | - Zhengquan Wu
- Department of spleen and stomach diseases of Gansu Hospital of TCM
- Lanzhou 730050
- China
| | - Zhong Xu
- Department of spleen and stomach diseases of Gansu Hospital of TCM
- Lanzhou 730050
- China
| | - Wanrong Kang
- SPF Animal Lab of Gansu University of TCM
- Lanzhou 730030
- China
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Dong Y, Yang Y, Liu J, Awan F, Lu C, Liu Y. Inhibition of Aeromonas hydrophila-induced intestinal inflammation and mucosal barrier function damage in crucian carp by oral administration of Lactococcus lactis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 83:359-367. [PMID: 30236608 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study explored the immunomodulatory effect and inhibition effects of the candidate probiotic Lactococcus lactis 16-7, which was isolated from crucian carp, on Aeromonas hydrophila infection in crucian carp. The experimental fish were divided into two groups; one was fed a diet supplemented with L. lactis, while the other was fed the control probiotic-free diet. After feeding for 42 d with the experimental diets, the fish that received the diet supplemented with probiotics exhibited a significantly enhanced serum superoxide dismutase activity, phagocytic activities of innate immune cells, and the expression levels of immune-related genes [interferon-γ (INF-γ), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-11 (IL-11), tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88)], indicating that L. lactis 16-7 could activate the non-specific immune system of crucian carp. At the end of the feeding trial, the crucian carps in each group were orally infected with A. hydrophila NJ-35. The results show that L. lactis 16-7 could prevent the increase in d-lactic acid concentration and inflammatory response caused by A. hydrophila in crucian carp. Compared with A. hydrophila group, L. lactis 16-7 preserved the integrity of intestinal villi and mitigated A. hydrophila-induced reduce in the transcriptional levels of tight junction (TJ) proteins zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin, indicating that L. lactis 16-7 could reduce intestinal mucosal barrier damage and inflammation induced by A. hydrophila in crucian carp. In addition, L. lactis 16-7 could effectively antagonize the colonization of A. hydrophila in the intestine. Overall, these data clearly indicate that L. lactis 16-7 has the potential to be developed as a probiotic agent against A. hydrophila infection in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Dong
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Furqan Awan
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Chengping Lu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yongjie Liu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Linoorbitides and enterolactone mitigate inflammation-induced oxidative stress and loss of intestinal epithelial barrier integrity. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 64:42-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Li H, Gong Y, Xie Y, Sun Q, Li Y. Clostridium butyricum protects the epithelial barrier by maintaining tight junction protein expression and regulating microflora in a murine model of dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis. Scand J Gastroenterol 2018; 53:1031-1042. [PMID: 30141701 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2016.1192678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the protective effects of Clostridium butyricum on the epithelial barrier in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. METHODS Eight-week-old BALB/c mice were divided into a healthy control group and DSS-induced groups, including negative control (normal saline), 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), C. butyricum group, and 5-ASA + C. butyricum groups. Colitis was induced by 5% DSS ad libitum for 7 d. We assessed the disease activity index (DAI), histological grading, and ultrastructural changes by transmission electron microscopy. Stools were collected for bacterial microflora analysis. Tight junction (TJ) proteins, including claudin-1, claudin-2, occluding, and zonula occludens-1, were detected by immunohistochemical staining and western blot. We also assessed NF-κB and cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-13, and IL-10, by western blot. RESULTS C. butyricum decreased DAI and histological injury scores in DSS-induced mice, and repaired the damaged structure of TJs. Moreover, C. butyricum exerted its regulatory effect on fecal microflora by increasing and decreasing the growth of Lactobacillus spp. and Enterococcus spp., respectively, in the colon lumen. Expression levels of claudin-1, occludin and zonula occludens-1 were also elevated by the administration of C. butyricum. In addition, C. butyricum increased the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10, and decreased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, TNF, and IL-13, as well as NF-κB. Moreover, the beneficial effects of C. butyricum combined with 5-ASA were superior to treatment with C. butyricum only. CONCLUSION In a mouse model of ulcerative colitis (UC), C. butyricum exerted a protective effect on the epithelial barrier by regulating microflora, maintaining the expression of TJ proteins and exerting immunoregulatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- a Department of Gastroenterology , Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University , Sanhao Street 36 , Shenyang , Liaoning , PR China
| | - Yi Gong
- a Department of Gastroenterology , Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University , Sanhao Street 36 , Shenyang , Liaoning , PR China
| | - Ying Xie
- a Department of Gastroenterology , Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University , Sanhao Street 36 , Shenyang , Liaoning , PR China
| | - Qian Sun
- a Department of Gastroenterology , Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University , Sanhao Street 36 , Shenyang , Liaoning , PR China
| | - Yan Li
- a Department of Gastroenterology , Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University , Sanhao Street 36 , Shenyang , Liaoning , PR China
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Lu Y, Li L, Zhang JW, Zhong XQ, Wei JA, Han L. Total polysaccharides of the Sijunzi decoction attenuate tumor necrosis factor-α-induced damage to the barrier function of a Caco-2 cell monolayer via the nuclear factor-κB-myosin light chain kinase-myosin light chain pathway. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:2867-2877. [PMID: 30018481 PMCID: PMC6048434 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i26.2867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of total polysaccharides of the Sijunzi decoction (TPSJ) on the epithelial barriers in vitro.
METHODS Caco-2 cell monolayers were treated with or without TPSJ in the presence or absence of TNF-α, and paracellular permeability and transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) were measured to evaluate the epithelial barrier function. Immunofluorescence and western blotting were respectively used to evaluate the distribution and expression of the tight junction proteins claudin 1, claudin 2, zo3, and occludin in Caco-2 cells. Western blotting was also used to evaluate the cellular expression of myosin light chain (MLC), phosphorylated MLC (pMLC), MLC kinase (MLCK), and nuclear factor (NF)-κB p65.
RESULTS TPSJ promoted the proliferation of Caco-2 cells and inhibited TNF-α-induced secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, TPSJ significantly ameliorated both the reduction of TEER and the increased paracellular permeability observed in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-damaged Caco-2 monolayers. Furthermore, TPSJ remarkably attenuated TNF-α-induced morphological changes, downregulated the expression of claudin 1, claudin 2, zo3, and occludin, and markedly suppressed TNF-α-mediated upregulation of p-MLC and MLCK expression. Finally, TPSJ inhibited the activation and expression of NF-κB p65.
CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that TPSJ alleviates the TNF-α-induced impairment of the intestinal epithelial cell barrier function by suppressing NF-κB p65-mediated phosphorylation of MLCK and MLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Lu
- The Second Clinical College (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Leng Li
- The Second Clinical College (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jin-Wei Zhang
- The Second Clinical College (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Zhong
- The Second Clinical College (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jian-An Wei
- The Second Clinical College (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ling Han
- The Second Clinical College (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China
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Huang Y, Feng Y, Wang Y, Wang P, Wang F, Ren H. Severe Burn-Induced Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction Is Associated With Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Autophagy in Mice. Front Physiol 2018; 9:441. [PMID: 29740349 PMCID: PMC5925571 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The disruption of intestinal barrier plays a vital role in the pathophysiological changes after severe burn injury, however, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Severe burn causes the disruption of intestinal tight junction (TJ) barrier. Previous studies have shown that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy are closely associated with the impairment of intestinal mucosa. Thus, we hypothesize that ER stress and autophagy are likely involved in burn injury-induced intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction. Mice received a 30% total body surface area (TBSA) full-thickness burn, and were sacrificed at 0, 1, 2, 6, 12 and 24 h postburn. The results showed that intestinal permeability was increased significantly after burn injury, accompanied by the damage of mucosa and the alteration of TJ proteins. Severe burn induced ER stress, as indicated by increased intraluminal chaperone binding protein (BIP), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) and inositol-requiring enzyme 1(IRE1)/X-box binding protein 1 splicing (XBP1). Autophagy was activated after burn injury, as evidenced by the increase of autophagy related protein 5 (ATG5), Beclin 1 and LC3II/LC3I ratio and the decrease of p62. Besides, the number of autophagosomes was also increased after burn injury. The levels of p-PI3K(Ser191), p-PI3K(Ser262), p-AKT(Ser473), and p-mTOR were decreased postburn, suggesting that autophagy-related PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is involved in the intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction following severe burn. In summary, severe burn injury induces the ER stress and autophagy in intestinal epithelia, leading to the disruption of intestinal barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Huang
- School of Nursing, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yanhai Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fengjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui Ren
- School of Nursing, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
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Pan Y, Liu Y, Wang L, Xue F, Hu Y, Hu R, Xu C. MKP-1 attenuates LPS-induced blood-testis barrier dysfunction and inflammatory response through p38 and IκBα pathways. Oncotarget 2018; 7:84907-84923. [PMID: 27783995 PMCID: PMC5356708 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Sertoli cells create a local tolerogenic microenvironment to maintain testicular immune privilege especially through the formation of a blood-testis barrier (BTB). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the immune modulation function and BTB dynamics of Sertoli cells remained elusive. MAP phosphatase (MKP)-1 acts as a crucial negative regulator of the inflammatory response. Nevertheless, the role of MKP-1 in regulating Sertoli cells has not been elucidated. In this study, we have for the first time uncovered distinct cellular localization of MKP-1 in the cells at different stages of mouse testis, and the level of MKP-1 expression was significantly up-regulated by LPS-induced acute testis inflammation. In addition, MKP-1 staining was strongly detected in nuclei and peri-nuclear regions of cytoplasm in the Sertoli cells, and it was presented at Sertoli cell tight junctions (TJs) at stages VII-VIII after LPS treatment. Moreover, we demonstrated that MKP-1 was capable of attenuating LPS-induced decrease of occludin by interaction with p38 MAP kinase and IκBα molecules. Taken together, our data highlight that MKP-1 was an important endogenous suppressor of innate immune responses involved in the regulation of BTB barrier dynamic. This study thus might offer novel targets for treating inflammatory diseases in the testis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Pan
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Feng Xue
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.,Laboratory of Dermatology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yanqin Hu
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ran Hu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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Valcheva-Kuzmanova S, Kuzmanov A, Kuzmanova V, Tzaneva M. Aronia melanocarpa fruit juice ameliorates the symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease in TNBS-induced colitis in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 113:33-39. [PMID: 29331733 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Trinitrobenzensulfonic acid (TNBS) is commonly used to induce an experimental inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) model. Oxidative stress and inflammation have been proposed as mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of IBD. Aronia melanocarpa fruit juice (AMFJ) is extremely rich in polyphenolic substances, mainly proanthocyanidins, flavonoids and phenolic acids. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of AMFJ in a rat TNBSinduced colitis model and to compare the effect of the juice with that of sulfasalazine. Colitis was induced by TNBS in male Wistar rats. After the induction of colitis, AMFJ at three doses (2.5, 5 and 10 mL/kg) and sulfasalazine (400 mg/kg) were administered orally till the 14th experimental day. Severity of colitis was assessed by macroscopic and histopathological criteria. Oxidative stress was evaluated by the concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). TNBS caused severe colonic damage. AMFJ dose-dependently ameliorated TNBS-induced colitis. It improved the macroscopic and microscopic signs of colitis, and prevented the increase of colonic TBARS concentrations. Regarding different indices, the effect of AMFJ was comparable or even higher than that of sulfasalazine. In conclusion, the ameliorative effects of AMFJ in the experimental TNBSinduced colitis might be the result of its potent antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefka Valcheva-Kuzmanova
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Medical University Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov, Varna, Bulgaria.
| | - Atanas Kuzmanov
- Medical University Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov, Varna, Bulgaria
| | | | - Maria Tzaneva
- Department of Preclinical and Clinical Sciences, Medical University Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov, Varna, Bulgaria
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SHANK3 Regulates Intestinal Barrier Function Through Modulating ZO-1 Expression Through the PKCε-dependent Pathway. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2017; 23:1730-1740. [PMID: 28906292 DOI: 10.1097/mib.0000000000001250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The integrity of the gut barrier in patients with inflammatory bowel disease is known to be impaired but the exact mechanisms remain mostly unknown. SHANK3 mutations are associated with autism, and patients with autism are known to have higher proportions of inflammatory bowel disease. Here, we explore the role of SHANK3 in inflammatory bowel disease, both in vivo and in vitro. METHODS Dextran sulfate sodium colitis was induced in SHANK3 knockout mice. Transepithelial electrical resistance, paracellular permeability, and Salmonella invasion assays were used to evaluate epithelial barrier function, in vitro and in vivo. Expression of tight junction proteins, protein kinases, and MAP kinase phosphorylation changes were analyzed by immunoblotting after overexpression or knockdown of SHANK3 expression. SHANK3 expression in intestinal tissue from patients with Crohn's disease was analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS SHANK3 knockout mice were more susceptible to dextran sulfate sodium. SHANK3 knockout resulted in a leaky epithelial barrier phenotype, as demonstrated by decreased transepithelial electrical resistance, increased paracellular permeability, and increased Salmonella invasion. Overexpression of SHANK3 enhanced ZO-1 expression, and knockdown of SHANK3 resulted in decreased expression of ZO-1. Regulation of ZO-1 expression by SHANK3 seems to be mediated through a PKCε-dependent pathway. SHANK3 expression correlated with ZO-1 and PKCε in colonic tissue of patients with Crohn's disease. CONCLUSIONS The expression level of SHANK3 affects ZO-1 expression and the barrier function in intestinal epithelial cells. This may provide novel insights in Crohn's disease pathogenesis and treatment.
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Barmeyer C, Erko I, Awad K, Fromm A, Bojarski C, Meissner S, Loddenkemper C, Kerick M, Siegmund B, Fromm M, Schweiger MR, Schulzke JD. Epithelial barrier dysfunction in lymphocytic colitis through cytokine-dependent internalization of claudin-5 and -8. J Gastroenterol 2017; 52:1090-1100. [PMID: 28138755 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-017-1309-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Watery diarrhea is the cardinal symptom of lymphocytic colitis (LC). We have previously shown that colonic Na malabsorption is one of the major pathologic alterations of LC and found evidence for an epithelial barrier defect. On these grounds, this study aimed to identify the inherent mechanisms of this epithelial barrier dysfunction and its regulatory features. METHODS Epithelial resistance (R epi) was determined by one-path impedance spectroscopy and 3H-mannitol fluxes were performed on biopsies from sigmoid colon in miniaturized Ussing chambers. Tight junction proteins were analyzed by Western blot and confocal microscopy. Inflammatory signaling was characterized in HT-29/B6 cells. Apoptosis and mucosal surface parameters were quantified morphologically. RESULTS R epi was reduced to 53% and 3H-mannitol fluxes increased 1.7-fold in LC due to lower expression of claudin-4, -5, and -8 and altered subcellular claudin-5 and -8 distributions off the tight junction. TNFα and IFNγ could mimic subcellular redistribution in HT-29/B6 cells, a process which was independent on MLCK activation. Epithelial apoptosis did not contribute to barrier dysfunction in LC and mucosal surface area was unchanged. CONCLUSIONS Epithelial barrier dysfunction in LC occurs through downregulation of claudin-4, -5, and -8, and redistribution of claudin-5 and -8 off the tight junction, which contributes to diarrhea by a leak-flux mechanism. The key effector cytokines TNFα and IFNγ turned out to be the trigger for redistribution of claudin-5 and -8. Thus, alongside sodium malabsorption, leak-flux is yet another important diarrheal mechanism in LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Barmeyer
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Irene Erko
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karem Awad
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Fromm
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Bojarski
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Svenja Meissner
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Loddenkemper
- Institute of Pathology, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Pathology PathoTres, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Kerick
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Britta Siegmund
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Fromm
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michal R Schweiger
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jörg-Dieter Schulzke
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany.
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany.
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Takigawa M, Iida M, Nagase S, Suzuki H, Watari A, Tada M, Okada Y, Doi T, Fukasawa M, Yagi K, Kunisawa J, Kondoh M. Creation of a Claudin-2 Binder and Its Tight Junction-Modulating Activity in a Human Intestinal Model. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2017; 363:444-451. [PMID: 28928120 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.117.242214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Disruption of the gastrointestinal epithelial barrier is a hallmark of chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). The transmembrane protein claudin 2 (CLDN2) is a component of epithelial tight junctions (TJs). In the intestines of patients with IBDs, the expression of the pore-forming TJ protein CLDN2 is upregulated. Although CLDN2 is involved in these leaky barriers, whether it can be a target to enhance TJ integrity is unknown because a CLDN2-specific inhibitor has not been developed. Here, we used DNA immunization to generate a monoclonal antibody (mAb) that recognized an extracellular loop of CLDN2. Treatment of epithelial cell monolayers with the mAb increased barrier integrity. In addition, the anti-CLDN2 mAb attenuated the decrease in TJ integrity induced by the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and cotreatment of cells with anti-TNF-α mAb and anti-CLDN2 mAb showed additive attenuating effects. These findings indicate that CLDN2 may be a target for enhancing TJ integrity, and CLDN2 binder may be an enhancer of mucosal barrier integrity and a potential therapeutic option for IBDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mutsumi Takigawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (Mu.T., M.I., S.N., A.W., Y.O., T.D., K.Y., J.K., M.K.); Laboratory of Vaccine Materials and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Osaka, Japan (Mu.T., H.S., J.K.); Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institutes of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan (Mi.T.); Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan (M.F.); Graduate School of Medicine and Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (J.K.); Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology and International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (J.K.); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan (J.K.)
| | - Manami Iida
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (Mu.T., M.I., S.N., A.W., Y.O., T.D., K.Y., J.K., M.K.); Laboratory of Vaccine Materials and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Osaka, Japan (Mu.T., H.S., J.K.); Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institutes of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan (Mi.T.); Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan (M.F.); Graduate School of Medicine and Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (J.K.); Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology and International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (J.K.); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan (J.K.)
| | - Shotaro Nagase
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (Mu.T., M.I., S.N., A.W., Y.O., T.D., K.Y., J.K., M.K.); Laboratory of Vaccine Materials and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Osaka, Japan (Mu.T., H.S., J.K.); Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institutes of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan (Mi.T.); Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan (M.F.); Graduate School of Medicine and Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (J.K.); Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology and International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (J.K.); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan (J.K.)
| | - Hidehiko Suzuki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (Mu.T., M.I., S.N., A.W., Y.O., T.D., K.Y., J.K., M.K.); Laboratory of Vaccine Materials and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Osaka, Japan (Mu.T., H.S., J.K.); Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institutes of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan (Mi.T.); Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan (M.F.); Graduate School of Medicine and Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (J.K.); Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology and International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (J.K.); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan (J.K.)
| | - Akihiro Watari
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (Mu.T., M.I., S.N., A.W., Y.O., T.D., K.Y., J.K., M.K.); Laboratory of Vaccine Materials and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Osaka, Japan (Mu.T., H.S., J.K.); Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institutes of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan (Mi.T.); Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan (M.F.); Graduate School of Medicine and Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (J.K.); Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology and International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (J.K.); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan (J.K.)
| | - Minoru Tada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (Mu.T., M.I., S.N., A.W., Y.O., T.D., K.Y., J.K., M.K.); Laboratory of Vaccine Materials and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Osaka, Japan (Mu.T., H.S., J.K.); Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institutes of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan (Mi.T.); Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan (M.F.); Graduate School of Medicine and Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (J.K.); Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology and International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (J.K.); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan (J.K.)
| | - Yoshiaki Okada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (Mu.T., M.I., S.N., A.W., Y.O., T.D., K.Y., J.K., M.K.); Laboratory of Vaccine Materials and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Osaka, Japan (Mu.T., H.S., J.K.); Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institutes of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan (Mi.T.); Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan (M.F.); Graduate School of Medicine and Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (J.K.); Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology and International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (J.K.); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan (J.K.)
| | - Takefumi Doi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (Mu.T., M.I., S.N., A.W., Y.O., T.D., K.Y., J.K., M.K.); Laboratory of Vaccine Materials and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Osaka, Japan (Mu.T., H.S., J.K.); Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institutes of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan (Mi.T.); Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan (M.F.); Graduate School of Medicine and Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (J.K.); Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology and International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (J.K.); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan (J.K.)
| | - Masayoshi Fukasawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (Mu.T., M.I., S.N., A.W., Y.O., T.D., K.Y., J.K., M.K.); Laboratory of Vaccine Materials and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Osaka, Japan (Mu.T., H.S., J.K.); Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institutes of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan (Mi.T.); Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan (M.F.); Graduate School of Medicine and Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (J.K.); Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology and International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (J.K.); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan (J.K.)
| | - Kiyohito Yagi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (Mu.T., M.I., S.N., A.W., Y.O., T.D., K.Y., J.K., M.K.); Laboratory of Vaccine Materials and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Osaka, Japan (Mu.T., H.S., J.K.); Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institutes of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan (Mi.T.); Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan (M.F.); Graduate School of Medicine and Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (J.K.); Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology and International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (J.K.); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan (J.K.)
| | - Jun Kunisawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (Mu.T., M.I., S.N., A.W., Y.O., T.D., K.Y., J.K., M.K.); Laboratory of Vaccine Materials and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Osaka, Japan (Mu.T., H.S., J.K.); Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institutes of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan (Mi.T.); Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan (M.F.); Graduate School of Medicine and Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (J.K.); Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology and International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (J.K.); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan (J.K.)
| | - Masuo Kondoh
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (Mu.T., M.I., S.N., A.W., Y.O., T.D., K.Y., J.K., M.K.); Laboratory of Vaccine Materials and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Osaka, Japan (Mu.T., H.S., J.K.); Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institutes of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan (Mi.T.); Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan (M.F.); Graduate School of Medicine and Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (J.K.); Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology and International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (J.K.); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan (J.K.)
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Wang B, Wu C. Dietary soy isoflavones alleviate dextran sulfate sodium-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in mice. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:276-282. [PMID: 28672925 PMCID: PMC5488499 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been hypothesized that soy isoflavones exhibit anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory functions, however, the effects of soy isoflavones on inflammatory bowel diseases remain unknown. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of dietary soy isoflavones on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Mice were administered DSS and soy isoflavones, and histomorphometry, oxidative stress, inflammation and intestinal tight junctions were determined. The current study demonstrated that dietary soy isoflavones alleviated DSS-induced growth suppression, colonic inflammatory response, oxidative stress and colonic barrier dysfunction. DSS treatment was indicated to activate Toll-like receptor 4 (TRL4) and myeloid differentiation protein 88 (MyD88) in mice, whereas dietary soy isoflavones inhibited Myd88 expression in DSS-challenged mice. In conclusion, dietary soy isoflavones alleviate DSS-induced inflammation in mice, which may be associated with enhancing antioxidant function and inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88 signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Department of Food and Nutritional Engineering, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huaian, Jiangsu 223005, P.R. China
| | - Cunbing Wu
- Department of Food Engineering, Jiangsu Polytechnic of Finance and Economics, Huaian, Jiangsu 223005, P.R. China
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Kong W, Huang C, Tang Y, Zhang D, Wu Z, Chen X. Effect of Bacillus subtilis on Aeromonas hydrophila-induced intestinal mucosal barrier function damage and inflammation in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). Sci Rep 2017; 7:1588. [PMID: 28484272 PMCID: PMC5431481 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01336-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Our study explored the effect of oral intubation of Bacillus subtilis on Aeromonas hydrophila-induced intestinal mucosal barrier function damage and inflammation in grass carp. The mid-intestine mucosal tissue was collected for ATPase activity measurement. Intestinal mucosa was also ultrastructurally examined with transmission electron microscope (TEM), and its permeability was determined using Evans blue (EB) and D-lactic acid. The mid-intestine pro-inflammation cytokine, MyD88 and tight junction (TJ) protein mRNA expression levels were measured using real-time quantitative PCR. The results revealed that B. subtilis was found to prevent the decrease in the activity of Na+, K+-ATPase and Ca2+, Mg2+-ATPase, as well as the increase in EB and D-lactic acid concentration and inflammation induced by A. hydrophila in grass carp. Compared with A. hydrophila groups, B. subtilis safeguarded the integrity of intestinal villi and tight junction structure and restrained A. hydrophila-induced down-regulation of TJ proteins zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin. B. subtilis also restrained up-regulation of TJ protein claudin b, pro-inflammation cytokine tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α), cytokine interleukin 8 (IL-8), IL-1β, and adaptor protein myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) mRNA levels. Thus, oral intubation of B. subtilis could reduce A. hydrophila-induced intestinal mucosal barrier function damage and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguang Kong
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Can Huang
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ying Tang
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ding Zhang
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhixin Wu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Xiaoxuan Chen
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Luescher S, Urmann C, Butterweck V. Effect of Hops Derived Prenylated Phenols on TNF-α Induced Barrier Dysfunction in Intestinal Epithelial Cells. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017; 80:925-931. [PMID: 28234482 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b00869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
For the prenylated hops phenols 6- and 8-prenylnaringenin (1 and 2), xanthohumol (3), and isoxanthohumol (4), a variety of biological activities has been described. In the current study, a transwell based in vitro model using the human intestinal epithelial cell line Caco-2 was developed to assess potential beneficial effects of compounds 1-4 on TNF-α-induced impairment of tight junction (TJ) permeability. Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was measured using the latest cellZScope online monitoring device. TNF-α treatment (25 ng/mL) induced a significant decrease in TEER values (204.71 ± 4.57 at 72 h) compared to that in control values (245.94 ± 1.68 at 72 h). To determine preventive effects on TNF-α-induced impairment of TJ permeability, 1-4 were added to the apical compartment of Caco-2 monolayers 1 h before TNF-α treatment; afterward, TNF-α was added to the basolateral compartment to induce TJ dysfunction and incubated for a further 72 h. Using this setting, only 1 and 2 prevented epithelial disruption induced by TNF-α. To evaluate restorative effects of 1-4, TNF-α was added to the basolateral compartment of Caco-2 cell monolayers. After 48 h of incubation, 1-4 were added to the apical side, and TEER values were monitored online for a further 72 h. Under these experimental conditions, only 2 restored TNF-α induced barrier dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Luescher
- Institute for Pharma Technology, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland , Gruendenstrasse 40, 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Corinna Urmann
- Hochschule Weihenstephan Triesdorf, University of Applied Sciences , Schulgasse 16, 94315 Straubing, Germany
| | - Veronika Butterweck
- Institute for Pharma Technology, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland , Gruendenstrasse 40, 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland
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Radloff J, Zakrzewski SS, Pieper R, Markov AG, Amasheh S. Porcine milk induces a strengthening of barrier function in porcine jejunal epithelium in vitro. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2017; 1397:110-118. [PMID: 28445594 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Revised: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Milk contains a variety of components that have been shown to affect the expression and localization of epithelial tight junction proteins and therefore the intestinal barrier. Thus, we hypothesized that milk would have an effect on intestinal barrier properties, owing to effects on the tight junction in an intraspecies porcine intestinal in vitro model. Jejunal samples of piglets derived from different age groups were analyzed. Transepithelial electrical resistance was recorded employing the Ussing chamber technique. Porcine milk or predigested milk in buffer solution was added to the apical side, and effects were compared to untreated controls. Unidirectional paracellular flux measurements were performed using sodium fluorescein. Tight junction protein expression and localization were analyzed by immunoblotting and immunofluorescence microscopy. Incubation with milk or predigested milk led to an increase in transepithelial electrical resistance, while paracellular permeability for sodium fluorescein did not result in significant changes. Densitometric analysis of immunoblot signals did not show significant alterations in claudin expression, but a reduction of claudin signals in apicolateral membrane compartments in both approaches became apparent via immunohistology. The functional effect might reflect a physiological protective mechanism, when offspring exclusively rely on their mother's milk and are exposed to a plethora of potentially barrier-perturbing factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Radloff
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Silke S Zakrzewski
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Pieper
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander G Markov
- Department of General Physiology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Salah Amasheh
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Activation of muscarinic receptors prevents TNF-α-mediated intestinal epithelial barrier disruption through p38 MAPK. Cell Signal 2017; 35:188-196. [PMID: 28412413 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial cells form a tight barrier to act as selective physical barriers, repelling hostile substances. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a well characterized pro-inflammatory cytokine which can compromise intestinal barrier function and the suppression of TNF-α function is important for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this study, we investigated the contribution of G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-induced signalling pathways to the maintenance of epithelial barrier function. We first demonstrated the existence of functional muscarinic M3 and histamine H1 receptors in colonic epithelial cell HT-29/B6. As we previously reported, muscarinic M3 receptor prevented TNF-α-induced barrier disruption through acceleration of TNF receptor (TNFR) shedding which is carried out by TNF-α converting enzyme (TACE). M3 receptor-mediated suppression of TNF-α function depends on Gαq/11 protein, however, histamine H1 receptor could not ameliorate TNF-α function, while which could induce Gαq/11 dependent intracellular Ca2+ mobilization. We found that p38 MAPK was predominantly phosphorylated by M3 receptor through Gαq/11 protein, whereas H1 receptor barely upregulated the phosphorylation. Inhibition of p38 MAPK abolished M3 receptor-mediated TNFR shedding and suppression of TNF-α-induced NF-κB signalling. The p38 MAPK was also involved in TACE- mediated EGFR transactivation followed by ERK1/2 phosphorylation. These results indicate that not H1 but M3 receptor-induced activation of p38 MAPK might contribute to the maintenance of epithelial barrier function through down-regulation of TNF-α signalling and activation of EGFR.
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Markov AG, Aschenbach JR, Amasheh S. The epithelial barrier and beyond: Claudins as amplifiers of physiological organ functions. IUBMB Life 2017; 69:290-296. [PMID: 28371008 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial cell layers are interconnected by a meshwork of tight junction (TJ) protein strands, which are localized within apicolateral membranes. The proteins that form TJs are regarded to provide a static barrier, determining epithelial properties. However, recent findings in the field of barriology suggest that TJs contribute to more physiological aspects than indicated by the sum of the qualities of the single TJ proteins. Generally, TJs exhibit four major functions: (i) a "gate function," defining transepithelial permeability (i.e., barrier) properties, (ii) a "fence function" determining epithelial cell polarity, (iii) a "signaling function," affecting regulatory pathways, and (iv) a "stabilizing function," maintaining the integrity of the epithelium. This review presents a critical view on how the efficacy of physiological processes in epithelia and thus organ function might be improved by changes in the expression of claudins, the latter representing the largest and most variable family of TJ proteins. Major focus is set on (i) the coordinated regulation of transport and barrier in the intestine, (ii) the role of TJs in defining the route for antigen uptake and presentation in intestinal Peyer's patches, and (iii) the TJ function in mammary glands in response to milk accumulation, which represent impressive examples to highlight the amplification of epithelial functions by TJ proteins. © 2017 IUBMB Life, 69(5):290-296, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander G Markov
- Department of General Physiology, St. Petersburg State University, Russia
| | - Jörg R Aschenbach
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Salah Amasheh
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Berlin, Germany
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50
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Mend Your Fences: The Epithelial Barrier and its Relationship With Mucosal Immunity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 4:33-46. [PMID: 28560287 PMCID: PMC5439240 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 382] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium can be easily disrupted during gut inflammation as seen in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), such as ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease. For a long time, research into the pathophysiology of IBD has been focused on immune cell-mediated mechanisms. Recent evidence, however, suggests that the intestinal epithelium might play a major role in the development and perpetuation of IBD. It is now clear that IBD can be triggered by disturbances in epithelial barrier integrity via dysfunctions in intestinal epithelial cell-intrinsic molecular circuits that control the homeostasis, renewal, and repair of intestinal epithelial cells. The intestinal epithelium in the healthy individual represents a semi-permeable physical barrier shielding the interior of the body from invasions of pathogens on the one hand and allowing selective passage of nutrients on the other hand. However, the intestinal epithelium must be considered much more than a simple physical barrier. Instead, the epithelium is a highly dynamic tissue that responds to a plenitude of signals including the intestinal microbiota and signals from the immune system. This epithelial response to these signals regulates barrier function, the composition of the microbiota, and mucosal immune homeostasis within the lamina propria. The epithelium can thus be regarded as a translator between the microbiota and the immune system and aberrant signal transduction between the epithelium and adjacent immune cells might promote immune dysregulation in IBD. This review summarizes the important cellular and molecular barrier components of the intestinal epithelium and emphasizes the mechanisms leading to barrier dysfunction during intestinal inflammation.
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Key Words
- BMP, bone morphogenic protein
- CD, Crohn's disease
- Fz, frizzled
- HD, humans α-defensin
- IBD, inflammatory bowel disease
- IECs, intestinal epithelial cells
- IL, interleukin
- Immune-Epithelial Crosstalk
- Intestinal Epithelial Barrier
- Intestinal Inflammation
- JAMs, junctional adhesion molecules
- Lgr5, leucine rich repeat containing G-protein coupled receptor 5
- MARVEL, myelin and lymphocyte and related proteins for vesicle trafficking and membrane link
- MLCK, myosin light chain kinase
- NFκB, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
- NOD-2, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2
- STAT, signal transducer and activator of transcription
- TAMP, tight junction–associated MARVEL protein
- TJ, tight junction
- TNF, tumor necrosis factor
- TSLP, thymic stromal lymphopoietin
- UC, ulcerative colitis
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