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McNicholl A, Desmond D, Gallagher P. Feeling valued: the interplay of assistive technology and identity. Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol 2024; 19:2580-2591. [PMID: 38116935 DOI: 10.1080/17483107.2023.2294987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to explore the impact of AT in identity for students with disabilities in higher education and if/how this changes over time. METHODS Using a longitudinal qualitative research design, semi-structured interviews were conducted with students with disabilities (n = 13) in higher education in Ireland on two occasions during an academic year. A trajectory approach to longitudinal analysis was employed. This involved the use of matrices and identification of a through line for the study, which connects participant change over time. RESULTS The through line identified was feeling valued, which was central in the negotiation of identity over time across three themes: feelings of autonomy and competence; claiming disability; and feeling like you belong as a student. AT impacted experiences across the three themes which subsequently promoted or undermined students' sense of value. Reciprocally, feeling valued influenced use and perceptions of AT. Factors specific to a higher education context were also identified which influenced meanings attached to AT over time. CONCLUSION Creating an environment where students feel valued is key in promoting use of and positive perceptions of AT. This should form an integral part of AT and disability policy in higher education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoife McNicholl
- School of Psychology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Deirdre Desmond
- Department of Psychology and Assisting Living and Learning Institute, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
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DeLone AM, Fisher RS, Traino KA, Basile NL, Buchanan CL, Cheng EY, Poppas DP, Baraldi AN, Wisniewski AB, Mullins LL. Exploratory factor analysis of the Illness Intrusiveness Rating Scale for parents of children with atypical genital appearance due to differences of sex development (DSD). J Pediatr Psychol 2024; 49:482-490. [PMID: 38578612 PMCID: PMC11258802 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsae027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Illness intrusiveness refers to the subjective cognitive appraisal of a chronic health condition interfering in daily, valued activities and may be highly relevant for parents of children with atypical genital appearance due to differences of sex development (DSD). However, a measure of illness intrusiveness has not been validated for this population. The current study aimed to evaluate the factor structure of the Illness Intrusiveness Scale for Parents (IIS-P) and examine convergent validity. METHODS Participants included 102 parents (Mage = 33.39 years, SD = 6.48; 58% mothers) of 65 children (<2 years old) diagnosed with DSD participating in a larger, longitudinal study. Parents completed the IIS-P as well as self-report measures of stigma, and anxious and depressive symptoms. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted. RESULTS EFA results supported a 1-factor intrusiveness solution (α = .93), as well as a 2-factor solution measuring intrusiveness on daily living (α = .92) and community connectedness (α = .85). The 1-factor solution and both factors of the 2-factor solution demonstrated significant convergent validity with stigma as well as anxious and depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Support emerged for both 1- and 2-factor solutions of the IIS-P in parents of children with DSD. The decision to evaluate illness intrusiveness as a total score or to examine the subscales of daily living and community connectedness should be tailored to the unique aims of researchers and clinicians. Future research should conduct a confirmatory factor analysis with both 1- and 2-factor models with larger, more diverse samples of caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M DeLone
- Department of Psychology, Center for Pediatric Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, United States
| | - Rachel S Fisher
- Department of Psychology, Center for Pediatric Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, United States
| | - Katherine A Traino
- Department of Psychology, Center for Pediatric Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, United States
| | - Nathan L Basile
- Department of Psychology, Center for Pediatric Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, United States
| | - Cindy L Buchanan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States
| | - Earl Y Cheng
- Department of Urology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, United States
| | - Dix P Poppas
- James Buchanan Brady Department of Urology, Komansky Children’s Hospital, New York Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Amanda N Baraldi
- Department of Psychology, Center for Pediatric Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, United States
| | - Amy B Wisniewski
- Department of Psychology, Center for Pediatric Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, United States
| | - Larry L Mullins
- Department of Psychology, Center for Pediatric Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, United States
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Wright E, Elliott TR, Kwok OM, Zhang Q, Spooner M. Resilience and distress among young adults with chronic health conditions: A longitudinal study. Br J Health Psychol 2023; 28:1036-1051. [PMID: 37186348 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To test the beneficial associations of a resilient personality prototype among emerging adults with chronic health conditions (CHC) over an 8-year period. DESIGN Longitudinal, prospective observation study. METHODS Data obtained from emerging adults in the Add Health project with a CHC and completed study measures at two time points (286 men, 459 women) were examined. Cluster analysis was used to identify a resilient personality prototype at the first time point, as defined in the Block model of personality. Differences between those with a resilient and non-resilient prototype were examined. A structural equation model (SEM) tested the association of a resilience prototype with positive affect, perceived control and family relationships in predicting distress over time. RESULTS A resilient personality profile was identified (n = 256). These individuals reported higher positive affect, greater perceived control and less distress at both measurement occasions than those without this profile (n = 489). Women reported more distress than men. SEM revealed the relationship of a resilient prototype to distress was explained by its beneficial association with positive affect and perceived control at the first assessment, and through its beneficial association with perceived control 8 years later. Gender independently predicted distress. CONCLUSIONS A resilient personality prototype appears to operate through its beneficial association with perceived control to prospectively predict distress reported by emerging adults with CHC. The self-regulatory properties theoretically associated with a resilient personality prototype may function through perceptions of control which, in turn, prevent prolonged experiences of distress. Clinical implications are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Wright
- Department of Educational Psychology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Timothy R Elliott
- Department of Educational Psychology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Oi-Man Kwok
- Department of Educational Psychology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Qiyue Zhang
- Department of Educational Psychology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Mikaela Spooner
- Department of Educational Psychology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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Tan H. The mediating role of anxiety in disease uncertainty and acute stress in acute ischaemic stroke patients in the post-epidemic era. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1218390. [PMID: 37915800 PMCID: PMC10616834 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1218390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To analyse the influencing factors of anxiety, disease uncertainty and acute stress response in patients with acute ischaemic stroke, and to verify the mediating role of anxiety in the post-epidemic era. Methods 240 patients with acute ischaemic stroke were selected from a tertiary hospital in Wuhan City and investigated by questionnaire and convenience sampling methods. Results The total anxiety score, disease uncertainty and acute stress reaction were at moderate levels. Anxiety was positively correlated with illness uncertainty, and anxiety and acute stress response were negatively correlated. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that Sickness uncertainty, acute stress response, age, and work status influenced anxiety. Anxiety mediated the prediction of Sickness uncertainty and acute stress response, with the mediating effect accounting for 35.6% of the total effect. Conclusion Disease uncertainty in patients with acute ischaemic stroke in the post-epidemic era directly affects the acute stress response and indirectly through anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Tan
- Quzhou TCM Hospital at the Junction of Four Provinces Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University/Quzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Quzhou, China
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Long V, Chen Z, Du R, Chan YH, Yew YW, Oon HH, Thng S, Lim NQBI, Tan C, Chandran NS, Valderas JM, Phan P, Choi E. Understanding Discordant Perceptions of Disease Severity Between Physicians and Patients With Eczema and Psoriasis Using Structural Equation Modeling. JAMA Dermatol 2023; 159:811-819. [PMID: 37436741 PMCID: PMC10339220 DOI: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Importance Patients and physicians often have differing opinions on the patient's disease severity. This phenomenon, termed discordant severity grading (DSG), hinders the patient-physician relationship and is a source of frustration. Objective To test and validate a model explaining the cognitive, behavioral, and disease factors associated with DSG. Design, Setting, and Participants A qualitative study was first performed to derive a theoretical model. In this subsequent prospective cross-sectional quantitative study, the qualitatively derived theoretical model was validated using structural equation modeling (SEM). Recruitment was conducted between October 2021 and September 2022. This was a multicenter study in 3 Singapore outpatient tertiary dermatological centers. Dermatology patients and their attending physicians were recruited by convenience sampling. Patients were aged 18 to 99 years with psoriasis or eczema of at least 3 months' duration and recruited only once. The data were analyzed between October 2022 to May 2023. Main Outcomes and Measures The outcome was the difference between global disease severity (0-10 numerical rating scale with a higher score indicating greater severity) as independently scored by the patient and the dermatologist. Positive discordance was defined as patient-graded severity more than 2 points higher (graded more severely) than physicians, and negative discordance if more than 2 points lower than physicians. Confirmatory factor analysis followed by SEM was used to assess the associations between preidentified patient, physician, and disease factors with the difference in severity grading. Results Of the 1053 patients (mean [SD] age, 43.5 [17.5] years), a total of 579 (55.0%) patients were male, 802 (76.2%) had eczema, and 251 (23.8%) had psoriasis. Of 44 physicians recruited, 20 (45.5%) were male, 24 (54.5%) were aged between 31 and 40 years, 20 were senior residents or fellows, and 14 were consultants or attending physicians. The median (IQR) number of patients recruited per physician was 5 (2-18) patients. Of 1053 patient-physician pairs, 487 pairs (46.3%) demonstrated discordance (positive, 447 [42.4%]; negative, 40 [3.8%]). Agreement between patient and physician rating was poor (intraclass correlation, 0.27). The SEM analyses showed that positive discordance was associated with higher symptom expression (standardized coefficient B = 0.12; P = .02) and greater quality-of-life impairment (B = 0.31; P < .001), but not patient or physician demographics. A higher quality-of-life impairment was in turn associated with lower resilience and stability (B = -0.23; P < .001), increased negative social comparisons (B = 0.45; P < .001), lower self-efficacy (B = -0.11; P = .02), increased disease cyclicity (B = 0.47; P < .001), and greater expectation of chronicity (B = 0.18; P < .001). The model was well-fitted (Tucker-Lewis: 0.94; Root Mean Square Error of Approximation: 0.034). Conclusions and Relevance This cross-sectional study identified various modifiable contributory factors to DSG, increased understanding of the phenomenon, and set a framework for targeted interventions to bridge this discordance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valencia Long
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, National University Healthcare System, Singapore
| | - Zhaojin Chen
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Biostatistics Unit, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ruochen Du
- Biostatistics Unit, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yiong Huak Chan
- Biostatistics Unit, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yik Weng Yew
- Dermatology, National Skin Centre, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | | | - Steven Thng
- Dermatology, National Skin Centre, Singapore
| | | | - Chris Tan
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, National University Healthcare System, Singapore
| | - Nisha Suyien Chandran
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, National University Healthcare System, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jose M. Valderas
- Centre for Research in Health System Performance, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Family Medicine, National University Healthcare System, Singapore
| | - Phillip Phan
- Carey Business School, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ellie Choi
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, National University Healthcare System, Singapore
- Centre for Research in Health System Performance, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Kumpf VJ, Neumann ML, Kakani SR. Advocating for a patient- and family centered care approach to management of short bowel syndrome. Nutr Clin Pract 2023; 38 Suppl 1:S35-S45. [PMID: 37115033 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.10966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Patient- and family centered care (PFCC) is a model of providing healthcare that incorporates the preferences, needs, and values of the patient and their family and is built on a solid partnership between the healthcare team and patient/family. This partnership is critical in short bowel syndrome (SBS) management since the condition is rare, chronic, involves a heterogenous population, and calls for a personalized approach to care. Institutions can facilitate the practice of PFCC by supporting a teamwork approach to care, which, in the case of SBS, ideally involves a comprehensive intestinal rehabilitation program consisting of qualified healthcare practitioners who are supported with the necessary resources and budget. Clinicians can engage in a range of processes to center patients and families in the management of SBS, including fostering whole-person care, building partnerships with patients and families, cultivating communication, and providing information effectively. Empowering patients to self-manage important aspects of their condition is an important component of PFCC and can enhance coping to chronic disease. Therapy nonadherence represents a breakdown in the PFCC approach to care, especially when nonadherence is sustained, and the healthcare provider is intentionally misled. An individualized approach to care that incorporates patient/family priorities should ultimately enhance therapy adherence. Lastly, patients/families should play a central role in determining meaningful outcomes as it relates to PFCC and shaping the research that affects them. This review highlights needs and priorities of patients with SBS and their families and suggests ways to address gaps in existing care to improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa J Kumpf
- Department of Pharmacy, Clinical Programs, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Center for Human Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Marie L Neumann
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplant Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Nebraska, Omaha, USA
- Department of Communication Studies, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
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Johnston JD, Roberts EI, Brenman A, Lockard AM, Baker AM. Psychosocial functioning and adjustment to university settings: comparing students with chronic illnesses to healthy peers. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023; 71:1143-1151. [PMID: 34242549 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1923503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: College students with chronic illnesses are vulnerable to poor adjustment, but it remains unclear how these students differ from healthy peers. This study compares psychosocial adjustment and risky behavior between students with and without chronic illnesses. Participants: Participants (N = 629, 78% Caucasian, 77% Female) were recruited from universities. Methods: Participants completed measures of illness history, anxiety, depression, stressful life events, social support, and risky behavior. Results: College students with chronic illnesses demonstrated significantly greater symptoms of anxiety F(1,620) = 8.742, p < .003, depression F(1,614) = 26.947, p < .001, more stressful life events F(1,476) = 23.671, p < .001, and lower social support F(1,613) = 15.645, p < .001. No differences in risky behaviors between groups emerged F(1,601) = 3.432, p = .064. An indirect effect of health status on risk-taking behavior was observed [b = .677, 95% CI (.351, 1.072)] partially mediated by depression. Conclusion: College students with chronic illnesses demonstrated worse psychosocial outcomes than healthy students, warranting programs to support these students. Depressive symptoms partially mediated risky behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia D Johnston
- Department of Psychology, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA, USA
| | - Emma I Roberts
- Department of Psychology, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA, USA
| | - Alison Brenman
- Department of Psychology, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA, USA
| | - Alison M Lockard
- Department of Psychology, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA, USA
| | - Anna M Baker
- Department of Psychology, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA, USA
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Basile NL, Dattilo TM, DeLone AM, Kraft JD, Edwards CS, Buchanan CL, Cheng EY, Poppas DP, Wisniewski AB, Mullins LL. Parental Uncertainty Scale Factor Structure in Pediatric DSD With Ambiguous Genitalia. J Pediatr Psychol 2023; 48:386-395. [PMID: 36728708 PMCID: PMC10118853 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsad001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Illness uncertainty is a salient experience for caregivers of children with disorders/differences of sex development (DSD) presenting with ambiguous genitalia; however, no validated measure of illness uncertainty exists for this unique population. Thus, the current study aimed to preliminarily identify the factor structure of the Parental Perception of Uncertainty Scale (PPUS) in caregivers of children with DSD presenting with ambiguous genitalia and examine the convergent validity of the PPUS. METHODS Participants included 115 caregivers (Mage = 32.12 years, SD = 6.54; 57% mothers) of children (<2-year-olds) diagnosed with DSD participating in a larger, longitudinal study. Caregivers completed the PPUS as well as self-report measures of anxious, depressive, and posttraumatic stress symptoms. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted. RESULTS Exploratory factor analysis results indicated that a 23-item 1-factor solution was the most parsimonious and theoretically sound factor structure (α = 0.92). Convergent validity analyses demonstrated further support for the use of the 23-item 1-factor solution over the original PPUS factor structure. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate the preliminary clinical and research utility of the PPUS with caregivers of children with DSD presenting with ambiguous genitalia. The PPUS may benefit from further refinement through qualitative research and item adaptation to capture uncertainties unique to DSD presenting with ambiguous genitalia. In addition, future research should replicate the proposed factor structure using confirmatory factor analysis with a separate, larger sample of caregivers of children with DSD to confirm the factor structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan L Basile
- Department of Psychology, Center for Pediatric Psychology, Oklahoma State University, USA
| | - Taylor M Dattilo
- Department of Psychology, Center for Pediatric Psychology, Oklahoma State University, USA
| | - Alexandra M DeLone
- Department of Psychology, Center for Pediatric Psychology, Oklahoma State University, USA
| | - Jacob D Kraft
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, USA
| | - Clayton S Edwards
- Department of Psychology, Center for Pediatric Psychology, Oklahoma State University, USA
| | - Cindy L Buchanan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, USA
| | - Earl Y Cheng
- Department of Urology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, USA
| | - Dix P Poppas
- Institute for Pediatric Urology, Komansky Children’s Hospital, New York Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medicine, USA
| | - Amy B Wisniewski
- Department of Psychology, Center for Pediatric Psychology, Oklahoma State University, USA
| | - Larry L Mullins
- Department of Psychology, Center for Pediatric Psychology, Oklahoma State University, USA
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Valero-Moreno S, Montoya-Castilla I, Pérez-Marín M. Quality of life in patients with asthma: Medical indicators and psychological variables. J Pediatr Nurs 2023; 69:e136-e144. [PMID: 36609027 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2022.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quality of life (QoL) is a widely studied term concerning asthma because it allows the impact of the disease on the patient's life to be assessed through the patient's perception. The study aims to analyze which asthma-related, psychological, and family variables affect the QoL of adolescents with asthma. DESIGN AND METHODS This cross-sectional design involves 150 patients diagnosed with asthma aged between 12 and 16 years. The patients' emotional symptomatology, the threat of illness, self-esteem, bonds, quality of life, family, and disease variables were assessed. Statistical analyses were performed using QCA models. RESULTS The results indicate that girls have a poorer QoL, and age is negatively associated. QCA models found that the variables that best explained the quality of life of these patients, in the case of the medical indicators, were control, good compliance, shorter diagnosis times, and improvement. Regarding psychological variables: a lower threat of illness, less emotional distress, and better parental mood explained the high QoL. CONCLUSIONS AND PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Adolescent QoL is affected by variables related to their asthma that are beyond their control and other psychological and family variables that may increase the perception of their QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selene Valero-Moreno
- Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatments Department, Faculty of Psychology, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Montoya-Castilla
- Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatments Department, Faculty of Psychology, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marián Pérez-Marín
- Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatments Department, Faculty of Psychology, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
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McNicholl A, Desmond D, Gallagher P. Assistive technologies, educational engagement and psychosocial outcomes among students with disabilities in higher education. Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol 2023; 18:50-58. [PMID: 33320728 DOI: 10.1080/17483107.2020.1854874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Increasing numbers of students with disabilities are accessing higher education each year, yet little is known about their assistive technology (AT) needs and its influence on relevant outcomes. The aim of this study was to examine met/unmet AT needs on educational engagement, academic self-efficacy and well-being and the impact of AT use in the areas of competence, adaptability and self-esteem for students with disabilities in higher education in Ireland. METHODS One hundred and eleven students with disabilities completed a cross-sectional online survey comprising the College Learning Effectiveness Inventory, the Student Course Engagement Questionnaire, the Self-Efficacy for Learning Form Abridged, the Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Devices Scale, and the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale. RESULTS AT use was found to have a positive psychosocial impact in the areas of competence, adaptability and self-esteem. Those whose AT needs were fully met scored significantly higher on academic self-efficacy, well-being, and on 4 of the 10 educational engagement subscales compared to those who had unmet AT needs. Met/unmet AT needs were not predictive of educational engagement. CONCLUSION These findings highlight the importance of AT from both educational engagement and psychosocial perspectives for students with a wide variety of disability diagnoses. The wide-reaching benefits of AT must be considered by governmental departments when making funding allocations to disability services within higher education institutions. Implications for rehabilitationStudents with disabilities can face many additional challenges within the higher education environment.Findings from this research show that access to appropriate assistive technology can support students' educational engagement, increase well-being and academic self-efficacy and have a positive impact in the areas of competence, adaptability and self-esteem.Disability and Assistive Technology Officers in higher education should be cognizant of both the educational and psychological benefits of assistive technology across diverse students with various disability diagnoses.Policy makers should consider the wide-reaching benefits of assistive technology when making funding allocations to higher education institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoife McNicholl
- School of Psychology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Ireland
| | - Deirdre Desmond
- Department of Psychology and Assisting Living and Learning Institute, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Pamela Gallagher
- School of Psychology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Ireland
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Zhang J, Li Y, Gu Y, Fei Y, Yang G, Gu Y, Xu X. Status and influencing factors of disease uncertainty among family caregivers of patients with moderate and severe craniocerebral injury: a quantitative and qualitative study. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2022; 164:3119-3131. [PMID: 36241741 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-022-05385-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disease uncertainty widely exists among family caregivers of patients with moderate and severe craniocerebral injury. This negative emotional reaction will reduce the ability of family caregivers to make decisions during the critical stage of the patient, causing serious effects on the rescue and prognosis of patients with moderate and severe craniocerebral injury. Therefore, this article aims to understand the state of the uncertainty of the disease of family caregivers of patients with moderate and severe craniocerebral injury in China, to analyze the influencing factors, and to explore the specific resource of the uncertainty of the disease combined with qualitative study. The outcomes will provide a theoretical basis for formulating an accurate clinical nursing intervention strategy. METHODS This study was conducted in the neurosurgery ward. A total of 214 family caregivers were evaluated using five previously validated scales: (i) Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale for family member, (ii) Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, (iii) Social Support Rating Scale, and (iv) Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, (v) Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview. Kolmogorov-Smirnov was used to test the normality of the data distribution. The potential determinants of disease uncertainty were evaluated using the univariate statistical analysis. A multivariate linear regression model was adopted to assess the predictors of disease uncertainty in family caregivers of patients with moderate and severe craniocerebral injury. Objective sampling method was used to conduct semi-structured interviews with 17 family caregivers of patients with moderate and severe craniocerebral injury, and Colaizzi 7-step analysis method was used to analyze and summarize the interview data. RESULTS The evaluated participants exhibited critically high levels of perceived uncertainty. The results of multiple linear regression showed that the influencing factors of family caregivers' disease uncertainty were anxiety, number of other caregivers, GOS, negative coping style, and caregiver burden. The qualitative research focuses on two main topics: the sources of disease uncertainty among family caregivers of patients with moderate and severe craniocerebral injury and experience to cope with the situation. CONCLUSION The main cause of disease uncertainty of family caregivers of patients with moderate and severe craniocerebral injury is that patients' disease progression and prognosis as well as caregivers' own pressure of responsibility and negative mental status. Furthermore, caregivers' own pressure of responsibility and negative mental status are not clear. Therefore, helping family caregivers adopt positive coping approaches, guiding them to actively seek support from family and society, improving their nursing skills, and understanding of disease progression and prognosis all play an important role in alleviating the uncertainty of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20th Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Yanqing Li
- Medical College of Nantong University, 19th Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, China.,Department of Nursing, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20th Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Yudan Gu
- Department of Stroke Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20th Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Yaya Fei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20th Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Guiping Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20th Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Yan Gu
- Department of Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20th Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, China.
| | - Xujuan Xu
- Medical College of Nantong University, 19th Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, China. .,Department of Nursing, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20th Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, China.
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Cerqueira A, Botelho Guedes F, Marques-Pinto A, Branco A, Galvão C, Sousa J, Goulao LF, Bronze MR, Viegas W, Gaspar T, Godeau E, de Matos MG. Chronic Conditions and School Participation of First-Year University Students-HOUSE ULisbon Study. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:1397. [PMID: 36138706 PMCID: PMC9497637 DOI: 10.3390/children9091397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Students with chronic conditions (CC) tend to experience several barriers in terms of their school participation and performance. Therefore, the present study aims to explore the factors related to the time of diagnosis of CC (recent/non-recent), the barriers to participation and academic success (health condition, people's attitude towards CC and school physical environment), the physical and mental health (physical/psychological symptoms and concerns) and school-related variables (relationship with teachers and peers), regarding the school participation of first-year students with CC. This work is part of the HOUSE-Colégio F3 Project, University of Lisbon, which includes 1143 first-year university students from 17 Faculties and Institutes of the University of Lisbon. In this specific study, only the subsample of 207 students with CC was considered, 72.4% of which were female, aged between 18 and 54 years (M = 20.00; SD = 4.83). The results showed that students with a recent diagnosis of CC and students with school participation affected by the CC were those who presented more negative indicators regarding barriers to school participation, physical and mental health, and school-related variables. A greater impact of CC in terms of school participation was associated with having a recent diagnosis, with people's attitude towards CC and with the health condition as barriers, with more psychological symptoms and worse relationships with teachers and peers. This is a relevant message for the organization of health services for students with CC at the beginning of their university studies, especially since they are often displaced from home and managing their health conditions alone (in many cases, for the first time).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cerqueira
- Institute of Environmental Health (ISAMB), Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon (FMUL), 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon/FMH-UL, 1499-002 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Fábio Botelho Guedes
- Institute of Environmental Health (ISAMB), Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon (FMUL), 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon/FMH-UL, 1499-002 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Marques-Pinto
- Research Center for Psychological Science, Faculty of Psychology of the University of Lisbon, 1649-013 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Amélia Branco
- GHES Research Center—Office of Economic and Social History, ISEG—Lisbon School of Economics & Management of the University of Lisbon, 1249-078 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cecília Galvão
- Institute of Environmental Health (ISAMB), Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon (FMUL), 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
- Institute of Education, University of Lisbon (IEUL), 1649-013 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Joana Sousa
- Institute of Environmental Health (ISAMB), Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon (FMUL), 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
- Nutrition Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luis F. Goulao
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF) Research Unit, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon (ISA/ULisbon), 1349-107 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria Rosário Bronze
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon (FFULisbon), 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
- Institute of Experimental Biology and Technology (iBET), 2780-157 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Wanda Viegas
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF) Research Unit, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon (ISA/ULisbon), 1349-107 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tania Gaspar
- Institute of Environmental Health (ISAMB), Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon (FMUL), 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
- Digital Human-Environment Interaction Labs (HEI-LAB), Lusófona University of Humanities and Technologies, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Emmanuelle Godeau
- French School of Public Health, EHESP, 35043 Rennes, France
- CERPOP—UMR 1295, Unite Mixte UMR INSERM—Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier—Team SPHERE, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Margarida Gaspar de Matos
- Institute of Environmental Health (ISAMB), Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon (FMUL), 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
- APPSYci, ISPA—University Institute, 1149-041 Lisbon, Portugal
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13
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Objectification and ambiguity of body image in women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A mixed-method study. J Affect Disord 2022; 310:296-303. [PMID: 35561883 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The manifestations of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), including acne, hirsutism, obesity, uncertain fertility, etc., can make women anxious, worried, or even depressed with their appearance and body. However, little relevant research has been conducted in the Chinese context. This mixed-method study aimed to understand how women with PCOS in China perceive their bodies and to examine the association between body image and depression. METHODS First, 101 PCOS patients participated in a survey using the Body Surveillance subscale of the Objectified Body Consciousness Scale, the Short-form Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale, the Appearance Anxiety Scale, and the Beck Depression Inventory-II, which measured participants' self-objectification, illness ambiguity, appearance anxiety, and depression, respectively. Second, fifteen women joined face-to-face semi-structured in-depth interviews, investigating their illness ambiguity, objectified experience, and behaviors to pursue beauty. RESULTS Results indicated a high level of self-objectification, illness ambiguity, appearance anxiety, and depression among women with PCOS in China and supported the significant associations among the outcomes. Qualitative findings presented a body image of the precarious body, indiscernible identity, and distraught mind. LIMITATIONS A convenient sampling method was used. The generalization of the study results needs further validation. Future longitudinal studies are necessary to clarify the causal relationships among outcomes. CONCLUSIONS This study presented women's body image with PCOS and found the negative impact of body image on their depression levels. This study was of both theoretical and practical significance. Appropriate mind-body therapies were suggested for them.
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A Concept Analysis of Illness Intrusiveness in Chronic Disease: Application of the Hybrid Model Method. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19105900. [PMID: 35627435 PMCID: PMC9141028 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19105900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study clarifies the concept of illness intrusiveness in patients with a chronic disease using the hybrid model method. To clarify the dimension, attributes, and definition of illness intrusiveness in chronic disease, three phases of analysis were conducted. In the theoretical phase, a working definition was devised through a systematic review. In the fieldwork phase, individual in-depth interviews were conducted with nine participants with chronic diseases. In the final analytic phase, the results were integrated through comparison and review. There are four domains and eleven attributes of illness intrusiveness in chronic disease. The domains include physical, psychological, social/contextual, and spiritual. The physical domain consists of four attributes: pain, fatigue, physical malfunction, and change of body image. The psychological domain consists of three attributes: psychological weakness, uncertainty, and stigma. The social/contextual domain is made up of three attributes: withdrawal of role play, limit of daily life, and burden of changing health habits. Finally, the spiritual domain had one attribute: unstable spiritual state. Thus, based on the study findings, it is necessary to develop a suitable illness intrusiveness in chronic disease assessment scale to assess chronic disease patients.
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15
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Wilson C, Spencer G. The mental health support needs of university students with long-term physical health conditions. HEALTH EDUCATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1108/he-01-2022-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PurposeSupporting the mental health of university students is a key priority for higher education. Students living with long-term health conditions are at increased risk of poor mental health; yet little work has focused on their particular mental health needs or indeed, the implications for health education in the university setting. This study sought to identify the mental health support needs of students with long-term conditions, including best ways for universities to support these students.Design/methodology/approachA UK national online survey of 200 university students living with long-term physical health conditions (e.g. asthma, endometriosis, epilepsy) was conducted in 2019.Findings95% of respondents reported that their long-term condition/s had at least a moderate impact on their mental wellbeing, with 81% reporting that they felt depressed and anxious at least once a month because of their health. The most common suggestion for how universities can better support their mental wellbeing was to raise awareness about long-term conditions on campuses, with many reporting a lack of understanding about long-term conditions from academic and support services staff members – with negative impacts on their mental health. Because of this, some respondents reported a reluctance to come forward and seek help from university services, with 25% not formally disclosing their conditions.Originality/valueThese reported concerns underscore the need to develop health education amongst university staff about long-term conditions and to ensure these students are supported with their health at university.
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16
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Childhood Adversity and Illness Appraisals as Predictors of Health Anxiety in Emerging Adults with a Chronic Illness. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2022; 30:143-152. [PMID: 35461438 PMCID: PMC9034695 DOI: 10.1007/s10880-022-09870-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Emerging adults with a chronic medical condition (CMC) are at increased risk for developing health anxiety (HA). Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been linked to developing HA. CMCs and ACEs frequently co-occur among emerging adults. However, no known research has examined ACEs and HA within this critical developmental period. Further, increased negative illness appraisals (e.g., uncertainty, intrusivness) may partially explain the relation between ACEs and HA. The present study examined the following mediation model: ACEs → illness appraisals → HA. Emerging adults (N = 121) with a CMC completed self-report measures of demographics, ACEs, illness appraisals, and HA. Regression analyses were conducted to test each illness appraisal as a mediator between ACEs and HA. Results demonstrated significant indirect effects for both illness appraisals. Findings demonstrate greater ACEs may increase negative illness appraisals which heightens overall HA. Thus, these associations support trauma-informed care approaches to support emerging adults.
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17
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Plevinsky JM, Maddux MH, Fishman LN, Kahn SA, Greenley RN. Perceived effect of pediatric inflammatory bowel diseases on academics, college planning, and college adjustment. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2022; 70:940-947. [PMID: 32643555 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2020.1781869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ObjectiveTo examine the relationship between perceived effect of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) on high school academics and college planning on college adjustment. Participants: Participants (N = 97) were college students with IBD. Methods: Participants completed an online survey including the Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire and study-developed questions assessing the perceived impact of their diagnosis on their high school academics and college planning. Results: Most participants reported average college adjustment across domains, except personal-emotional adjustment with 47% of participants falling within the very low to low ranges. Nearly half reported IBD impacted their choice of college (49%). The impact of IBD on college planning was most consistently associated with domains of college adjustment. Conclusions: IBD severely impacts college planning, decision-making, and adjustment in college-bound youth. Perceiving that having a chronic illness impacts college planning may result in greater difficulty with academic adjustment, attachment to the institution, and social adjustment during college.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill M Plevinsky
- Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Michele H Maddux
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Health, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Laurie N Fishman
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stacy A Kahn
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rachel N Greenley
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, Illinois, USA
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18
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Boyle MP, Chagachbanian NJ. Uncertainty and Perceived Control as Predictors of Communicative Participation and Mental Health in Adults Who Stutter. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY 2022; 31:757-769. [PMID: 35007427 DOI: 10.1044/2021_ajslp-21-00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examined the role of uncertainty and perceived control in predicting the communicative participation and mental health of adults who stutter. METHOD Two hundred sixty-nine adults who stutter completed measures of uncertainty about stuttering, perceived control of stuttering, communicative participation, and global mental health. In addition, participants self-reported on a variety of demographic and speech-related measures. Correlational analyses and hierarchical regression were performed to determine associations between variables of interest. RESULTS Uncertainty accounted for significant variance in communicative participation and global mental health after statistically controlling for the effects of demographic and speech-related variables. Perceived control accounted for significant variance in communicative participation over and above what was accounted for by demographic variables, speech-related variables, and uncertainty. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that uncertainty about stuttering and perceived control of stuttering should be accounted for during assessment and intervention with adults who stutter. Interventions that specifically target uncertainty and perceived control may be useful in improving therapeutic outcomes for individuals who stutter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Boyle
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Montclair State University, Bloomfield, NJ
| | - Nicole J Chagachbanian
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Montclair State University, Bloomfield, NJ
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Rodríguez-Rubio P, Lacomba-Trejo L, Valero-Moreno S, Montoya-Castilla I, Pérez-Marín M. 10Vida: A Mental and Physical Health Intervention for Chronically Ill Adolescents and Their Caregivers in the Hospital Setting: An Open Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19063162. [PMID: 35328851 PMCID: PMC8953533 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Suffering from a chronic disease (CD) in adolescence can significantly impact the emotional health of adolescents and their families. MHealth can be a useful tool for these groups. However, few intervention programmes include the family system. The aim is to design an intervention programme (10Vida) for a paediatric population with a CD, and their families, to improve their adaptation to the disease. The study is a quasi-experimental repeated measures design in a open study, where the patients themselves, and their families, are their own control group. Participants will receive an intervention of seven individual sessions: five sessions with each patient, and two sessions with their caregivers. In the case of the patients, the aim is to improve their emotional state, their self-esteem, and their emotional competencies, reducing their perceived threat of illness. Furthermore, in the case of the caregivers, the aim is to improve their emotional state and reduce their burden. Indirectly, working with caregivers and those being cared for will improve family ties. The pilot study will involve 25 to 30 chronically ill adolescents aged between 12 and 16 years and their primary caregivers. Following the results, the necessary modifications will be included, and the programme will be offered to adolescents and their families who are willing to participate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Rodríguez-Rubio
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatments, Faculty of Psychology and Speech Therapy, Universitat de València, Av. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (P.R.-R.); (L.L.-T.); (I.M.-C.)
| | - Laura Lacomba-Trejo
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatments, Faculty of Psychology and Speech Therapy, Universitat de València, Av. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (P.R.-R.); (L.L.-T.); (I.M.-C.)
| | - Selene Valero-Moreno
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Speech Therapy, Universitat de València, Av. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Inmaculada Montoya-Castilla
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatments, Faculty of Psychology and Speech Therapy, Universitat de València, Av. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (P.R.-R.); (L.L.-T.); (I.M.-C.)
| | - Marián Pérez-Marín
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatments, Faculty of Psychology and Speech Therapy, Universitat de València, Av. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (P.R.-R.); (L.L.-T.); (I.M.-C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-963983392
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20
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Shrout MR, Weigel DJ. The impact of concealable chronic health conditions on college students' academic outcomes: A two-wave study. J Health Psychol 2022; 27:2860-2872. [PMID: 35034479 DOI: 10.1177/13591053211068111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
College students (N = 125) with concealable chronic health conditions (CCHCs) completed online surveys at the beginning and end of the semester assessing stigma experiences and academic outcomes. Correlations showed stigma, alienation, and lack of campus fit were associated with greater illness-related academic interference (ps < 0.001), negative academic self-comparison (ps < 0.001), academic anxiety (ps < 0.001), academic dissatisfaction (ps < 0.001), and lower expected grades (except alienation; ps < 0.001-0.03) over time. Hierarchical multiple regressions identified a lack of campus fit as an important predictor across academic outcomes (ps < 0.001-0.019). Students with CCHCs face health- and stigma-related challenges that can interfere with academic performance.
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21
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Busby DM, Leavitt CE, Yorgason JB, Richardson S, Allsop DB. Health, depression, and marital processes as they relate to sexual satisfaction and harmonious sexual passion: a biopsychosocial model. SEXUAL AND RELATIONSHIP THERAPY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/14681994.2021.2019699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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22
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Cui C, Li Y, Wang L. The Association of Illness Uncertainty and Hope With Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in Women With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Cross-sectional Study of Psychological Distress in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Women. J Clin Rheumatol 2021; 27:299-305. [PMID: 32084070 DOI: 10.1097/rhu.0000000000001280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression and anxiety are commonly observed psychological symptoms in patients diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This study aimed to explore the possible factors that influence depression and anxiety symptoms development in SLE women. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted between October 2017 and December 2018 in Liaoning, China. Questionnaires including Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale for Adults, and Herth Hope Scale were completed by 205 participants. Factors related to depression and anxiety were examined using hierarchical multiple regression analysis, while the effect of hope was examined using structural equation model. RESULTS The prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms in female SLE patients was 79.5% and 86.8%, respectively. Illness uncertainty was strongly positively correlated with depression and anxiety symptoms. In contrast, hope was negatively associated with depression and anxiety symptoms. Up to 66.6% and 59.4% of the variance explained by all the variables was 66.6% in depression symptoms and 59.4% in anxiety symptoms. Interestingly, hope was able to alter the relationship of illness uncertainty with depression and anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSIONS While illness uncertainty can increase depression and anxiety symptoms, hope can reduce these symptoms. Therefore, hope-based targeted interventions should be employed to prevent and treat depression and anxiety symptoms among SLE women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunying Cui
- From the Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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23
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Being Unprepared: A Grounded Theory of the Transition of Asthma Self-Care in College Students. J Pediatr Nurs 2021; 61:305-311. [PMID: 34464783 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2021.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to conceptualize the basic social process of how college students transition from home-based asthma management to independent self-care management. DESIGN AND METHODS Classical grounded theory was used to explore the transition of asthma self-care in college students. Seventeen college students with asthma from a Midwestern urban university were interviewed. RESULTS Being Unprepared emerged as the basic social process used by students transitioning from home-based management of their asthma to managing their asthma in college. Being Unprepared conceptualizes a process by which participants engaged in relying on others, primarily their mother, to manage their asthma while in high school. This reliance on others continued when participants became college students with asthma where they were found lacking preparation for self-management in college exemplified by their being relatively unprepared for dealing with the unexpected stressors associated with starting college or for managing asthma episodes safely and effectively as students. Participants acknowledged that they were unprepared for managing their asthma independently and the need for becoming better prepared for their own safe asthma self-management. CONCLUSIONS Youth with asthma may be at risk for poor health outcomes as they transition to self-care in college. The grounded theory, Being Unprepared, derived from empirical data can provide a scientific basis for deriving practice protocols. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS These findings can be used to inform parents and healthcare providers about the need for early intervention designed to prepare students with asthma for the transition to college while in high school. The theory concepts can be operationalized as instrument items for future research studies.
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Dattilo TM, Roberts CM, Fisher RS, Traino KA, Edwards CS, Pepper-Davis M, Chaney JM, Mullins LL. The Role of Avoidance Coping and Illness Uncertainty in the Relationship Between Transition Readiness and Health Anxiety. J Pediatr Nurs 2021; 59:125-130. [PMID: 33878537 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2021.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The transition to college is associated with numerous stressors, including environmental changes, increased academic expectations, and changes in social support, all of which may be exacerbated by the added responsibility of managing a chronic medical condition. Huang (2019) proposed a model examining the relationships between coping styles, transition readiness, and health anxiety, and suggested that greater transition readiness is associated with adaptive coping strategies and less health anxiety. However, there are limited findings as to how poor transition readiness relates to health anxiety. Therefore, the current study tested a serial mediation model (i.e., poor transition readiness → avoidance coping → illness uncertainty → health anxiety). DESIGN AND METHODS College students (N = 194) with a chronic medical condition completed self-report questionnaires. RESULTS Results indicated several direct effects among the modeled variables and a significant poor transition readiness → avoidance coping → illness uncertainty → health anxiety serial mediation (path a1d21b2 = 0.438, 95% CI = 0.153 to 0.913). CONCLUSIONS Worse transition readiness was associated with increased avoidance as a coping mechanism, which in turn is associated with increased illness uncertainty, and ultimately health anxiety. The current findings identified possible drivers of health anxiety in college students with a chronic medical condition. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS These findings highlight that good transition readiness skills may buffer against maladaptive avoidance, illness uncertainty, and health anxiety. Modules aimed at improving healthcare management, avoidance, and illness uncertainty may be beneficial additions to interventions to reduce health anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor M Dattilo
- Center for Pediatric Psychology, Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
| | - Caroline M Roberts
- Center for Pediatric Psychology, Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Rachel S Fisher
- Center for Pediatric Psychology, Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Katherine A Traino
- Center for Pediatric Psychology, Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Clayton S Edwards
- Center for Pediatric Psychology, Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Morgan Pepper-Davis
- Center for Pediatric Psychology, Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - John M Chaney
- Center for Pediatric Psychology, Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Larry L Mullins
- Center for Pediatric Psychology, Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
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25
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Thomas JJ, Moring J, Bowen A, Rings JA, Emerson T, Lindt A. The influence of stress and coping on diabetes self-care activities among college students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2021:1-6. [PMID: 34133266 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1928142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this pilot study was to examine relationships between perceived stress, coping, and diabetes self-care activities among college students with type 1 diabetes. PARTICIPANTS College students, self-reported as diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. METHODS Students responded to an online self-report questionnaire (Perceived Stress Scale, Brief COPE, Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities). RESULTS ANOVA analysis showed significant differences between levels of perceived stress for healthy diet and foot care. Simple linear regression analysis showed significant relationships between healthy diet and active coping, positive reframing, and planning; between exercise and humor; between blood glucose testing and active coping, planning, and acceptance; and between foot care and active coping and positive reframing. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that effective stress management and coping skills will positively impact diabetes self-care. Educational programs for college students with type 1 diabetes should address self-care activities as well as psychosocial factors that affect health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenifer J Thomas
- Fay W. Whitney School of Nursing, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA
| | - John Moring
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Anne Bowen
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Rings
- Department of Applied Psychology and Counselor Education, University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, Colorado, USA
| | - Tori Emerson
- Fay W. Whitney School of Nursing, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA
| | - Adara Lindt
- Fay W. Whitney School of Nursing, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA
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Dong L, Chen L, Ding S. Illness uncertainty among patients with COVID-19 in the Mobile Cabin Hospital. Nurs Open 2021; 9:1456-1464. [PMID: 34000092 PMCID: PMC8242768 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims To investigate the status and influencing factors of illness uncertainty among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) in the mobile cabin hospital. Design A cross‐sectional study. Methods 114 patients with COVID‐19 admitted to a mobile cabin hospital in Wuhan, Hubei Province, in February 2020 were enrolled by a convenience sampling method. The Chinese version of the Mishel Illness Uncertainty Scale (MUIS) was used to assess patients’ degree of illness uncertainty, and multiple regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors. Results The average total score of MUIS (Chinese version) was 52.22 ± 12.51, indicating a moderate level of illness uncertainty. The dimension unpredictability turned out to have the highest mean score: 2.88 ± 0.90. The multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that female (t = 2.462, p = .015), monthly family income not less than RMB 10,000 (t = −2.095, p = .039), and disease duration of 28 days or more (t = 2.249, p = .027) were independent influencing factors of illness uncertainty. Conclusion Patients with COVID‐19 are at a moderate level of illness uncertainty. Medical staffs should pay more attention to female patients, patients with lower monthly family income, patients with the prolonged disease, and take targeted interventions to help them reduce illness uncertainty. Impact Facing the brand new and unknown infectious disease, patients confirmed of COVID‐19 suffer from immense physical and psychological stress, where illness uncertainty is a major stressor that troubles patients. The present study surveys illness uncertainty among patients with COVID‐19 in the mobile cabin hospital with results revealing a moderate level. Study results will benefit nurses in any setting where care for patients with COVID‐19 is provided, public policymakers and future researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Dong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shu Ding
- Heart Center & Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Traino KA, Sharkey CM, Perez MN, Bakula DM, Roberts CM, Chaney JM, Mullins LL. Health Care Utilization, Transition Readiness, and Quality of Life: A Latent Class Analysis. J Pediatr Psychol 2021; 46:197-207. [PMID: 33236079 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsaa099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify possible subgroups of health care utilization (HCU) patterns among adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with a chronic medical condition (CMC), and examine how these patterns relate to transition readiness and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). METHODS Undergraduates (N = 359; Mage=19.51 years, SD = 1.31) with a self-reported CMC (e.g., asthma, allergies, irritable bowel syndrome) completed measures of demographics, HCU (e.g., presence of specialty or adult providers, recent medical visits), transition readiness, and mental HRQoL (MHC) and physical HRQoL (PHC). Latent class analysis identified four distinct patterns of HCU. The BCH procedure evaluated how these patterns related to transition readiness and HRQoL outcomes. RESULTS Based on seven indicators of HCU, a four-class model was found to have optimal fit. Classes were termed High Utilization (n = 95), Adult Primary Care Physician (PCP)-Moderate Utilization (n = 107), Family PCP-Moderate Utilization (n = 81), and Low Utilization (n = 76). Age, family income, and illness controllability predicted class membership. Class membership predicted transition readiness and PHC, but not MHC. The High Utilization group reported the highest transition readiness and the lowest HRQoL, while the Low Utilization group reported the lowest transition readiness and highest HRQoL. CONCLUSIONS The present study characterizes the varying degrees to which AYAs with CMCs utilize health care. Our findings suggest poorer PHC may result in higher HCU, and that greater skills and health care engagement may not be sufficient for optimizing HRQoL. Future research should examine the High Utilization subgroup and their risk for poorer HRQoL.
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Muschalla B, Kutzner I. Mental work ability: young professionals with mental health problems perceive lower levels of soft skills. GIO-GRUPPE-INTERAKTION-ORGANISATION-ZEITSCHRIFT FUER ANGEWANDTE ORGANISATIONSPSYCHOLOGIE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11612-021-00552-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThis article published in Gruppe Interaktion Organisation (GIO) reports study results on soft skills and mental work ability in young professionals ready to enter the job market. The so-called soft skills (psychological capacities) are nowadays an entrance ticket into the modern working world. Thus, the question is to which degree young professionals who will soon enter the labor market are fit in their soft skills. Are physical or mental health problems related with deficits in soft skills? Which dimensions of soft skills are impaired?365 young professionals in advanced education from a technical college, who will soon enter the labor market, were investigated via online-questionnaire. Participants were asked to rate their self-perceived capacity level according to Mini-ICF-APP, mental and physical health problems, exam and education-related anxiety, self-efficacy and procrastination.Students with mental health problems had higher exam anxiety, and lower study-related self-efficacy as compared to students without health problems at all, or students with physical health problems. But, procrastination behavior was similarly present among students with mental health problems and students with physical health problems. Students with health problems did not report globally weaker capacity levels. Lower levels of capacities depend on the type of health problem: In students with mental health problems, social soft skills were impaired rather than content-related capacities. Physical health problems do not affect the self-perceived psychological capacities.In conclusion, focusing on specific soft skills in training and work adjustment could be fruitful in addition (or as an alternative) to training of profession-specific expertise.
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Withers CM, Fleming J, Wallingford CK, Gabbett MT, Peterson M, Humphreys L, McInerney-Leo A. Waiting for a diagnosis in Rubinstein-Taybi: The journey from "ignorance is bliss" to the value of "a label". Am J Med Genet A 2020; 185:105-111. [PMID: 33063426 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The journey to receiving a diagnosis for rare genetic disease can be long and emotionally impactful. This study describes parental experiences of receiving their child's diagnosis of Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RTS), a rare genetic condition characterized by growth and developmental delay together with dysmorphic features. Parents from the RTS Australia support group participated in qualitative, semi-structured phone interviews, which were transcribed verbatim and thematically analyzed. Questions focused on psychosocial challenges and benefits pre and post-diagnosis. Ten mothers and three fathers participated, with the mean age of diagnosis being 8 months. Parents reported positive psychological effects from a slight delay in diagnosis, and negative effects from an extended diagnostic delay, suggesting the ideal time for a parent to receive a diagnosis lies in the post attachment stage, prior to the development of significant parental concerns. This stage would vary depending on condition severity. Parents desired a diagnosis to reduce uncertainty; however, uncertainty remained post diagnosis, and shifted its focus from broadly encompassing etiology and prognosis, to specifically focusing on concerns regarding severity within the spectrum. Perceived benefits of a diagnosis mainly centered on the provision of a label. Parents articulated that a label increased social acceptance, enhanced coping, promoted communication, and improved access to medical, financial, and support services. This study provides insights into the experience of families prior to and following receipt of a diagnosis. It also highlights the possibility of an optimal time window to receive a diagnosis; in which bonding is maximized and parental distress is minimized.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jane Fleming
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Courtney K Wallingford
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia.,Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael T Gabbett
- School of Biomedical Sciences & Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Madelyn Peterson
- Griffith University, Biomolecular and Physical Sciences, Nathan, Queensland, Australia
| | - Linda Humphreys
- School of Medicine, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Aideen McInerney-Leo
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
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Serbic D, Zhao J, He J. The role of pain, disability and perceived social support in psychological and academic functioning of university students with pain: an observational study. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2020; 33:209-217. [PMID: 32562531 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2019-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES University students with pain face unique physical, psychological, social and academic challenges, but research on this is limited. The main aim of this study was to examine how pain, disability and perceived social support relate to psychological and academic outcomes in students with pain. It also compared students with pain and students without pain on measures of depression, anxiety and perceived social support. METHODS Three hundred and eleven students enrolled in Chinese universities took part in the study, 198 with pain (102 reported acute pain and 96 chronic pain) and 113 without pain. They completed measures of perceived social support, depression, anxiety, pain (intensity, frequency, duration), disability and pain interference with academic functioning. RESULTS Students with chronic pain reported higher levels of anxiety and depression and lower levels of perceived social support than students without pain. There were no significant differences between students with acute and chronic pain, and between students with acute pain and those without pain. In the pain sample (containing both acute and chronic pain group), greater interference with academic functioning was predicted by higher levels of pain and disability, and disability also predicted higher levels of depression. After controlling for effects of pain and disability, lower levels of perceived social support predicted higher levels of both anxiety and depression. CONCLUSIONS These results highlight the role of pain and disability in academic functioning and the role of perceived social support in psychological functioning of students with pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danijela Serbic
- Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey, TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey, UK
| | - Jiafan He
- Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey, UK
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Davis ES, Paro C. College Counselors' Perceptions of Working With First‐Year Students With Chronic Illnesses. JOURNAL OF COLLEGE COUNSELING 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jocc.12146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric S. Davis
- Department of Counselor EducationUniversity of South Florida
| | - Carly Paro
- Department of CounselingNova Southeastern University–Tampa
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Valero-Moreno S, Castillo-Corullón S, Montoya-Castilla I, Pérez-Marín M. Primary ciliary dyskinesia and psychological well-being in adolescence. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227888. [PMID: 31971980 PMCID: PMC6977723 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare autosomal recessive disease with low prevalence in pediatrics. Health studies have not sufficiently analyzed the role of psychological variables in rare diseases such as PCD. This paper studies the psychological characteristics of a group of pediatric patients diagnosed with PCD compared to their healthy peers. The sample consisted of 48 preadolescents-adolescents, aged 9-18 years (M = 12.96; SD = 2.71), with similar distribution by sex, and 25% of the patients having dyskinesia. Clinical anxiety-depression, self-esteem and psychological well-being were evaluated using questionnaires: the Adolescent Psychological Well-being Scale (BIEPS-J), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE). Data were analysed using descriptive, mean comparison (t-test) and diffuse comparative qualitative analysis (QCA). The results show no differences were found between healthy and PCD patients in the variables analyzed, except for social ties showing the latter greater well-being in this aspect. In QCA models, the variables that best explained the high or low levels of well-being were depression and self-esteem, and primary ciliary dyskinesia was not a necessary condition for presenting low levels of well-being. In conclusion, our results highlight the need to explore psychological aspects in pediatric patients with rare diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selene Valero-Moreno
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatments, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Inmaculada Montoya-Castilla
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatments, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marián Pérez-Marín
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatments, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Neto L, Gromisch ES, Sloan J, Tyry T, Foley FW. The Relationship Between Aspects of Resiliency and Intimacy-Related Illness Intrusiveness in Males with Multiple Sclerosis. SEXUALITY AND DISABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11195-019-09609-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Ersig AL. An Exploratory Study: Transition to Adulthood for College Students with Type 1 Diabetes and Their Parents. J Pediatr Nurs 2019; 46:12-17. [PMID: 30811974 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2019.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The transition to college and adulthood can be challenging for young adults with chronic health conditions and their parents. Few studies have simultaneously explored the experiences of college students and their parents during the transition to college. The purpose of this study was to explore the transition to adulthood for college students with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and their parents. DESIGN AND METHODS A descriptive exploratory study was conducted with college students with T1D and their parents. Data were collected online using quantitative surveys and open-ended questions. Descriptive statistics were generated for quantitative measures. Analysis of responses to open-ended questions used qualitative description. RESULTS College students (18-24 years) and parents described challenges with life-stage stress, diabetes management worries, and concern about T1D-related long-term complications. Respondents also described the critical role of the college peer network for support and help in case of crisis situations. Students reported stress related to uncertainty in diabetes management, while parents described constant worry about their child's diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Findings support the importance of assessing anticipated and current stressors of college students with T1D and other chronic health conditions and their parents during and after transition to college. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Nurses can support students and parents by providing anticipatory guidance about the transition to college. Assistance identifying established sources of support on college campuses, as well as planning for potential crisis situations, may help reduce stress experienced by students and parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne L Ersig
- The University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Nursing, Madison, WI, United States of America..
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Sharkey CM, Perez MN, Bakula DM, Grant DM, Mullins LL. Exploratory Factor Analysis of the Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale Among Adolescents and Young Adults With Chronic Medical Conditions. J Pediatr Health Care 2019; 33:186-194. [PMID: 30177225 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify a developmentally relevant factor structure of the Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale-Community form (MUIS-C) among adolescents and young adults with chronic medical conditions. METHODS Data on college students with a self-reported chronic medical condition (N = 238) were collected between November 2013 and May 2015. Participants completed the MUIS-C as part of a larger questionnaire battery. An exploratory factor analysis and a confirmatory factor analysis were conducted. RESULTS The exploratory factor analysis resulted in a 22-item model with two factors termed: (a) Ambiguity/Future Uncertainty (α = .93), and (b) Unpredictability (α = .89). The confirmatory factor analysis and a correlated uniquenesses model, which evaluated method effects, supported the two-factor model. DISCUSSION These findings highlight the unique nature of illness uncertainty among adolescents and young adults and show the clinical and research utility of the MUIS-C for this population. Future investigations should examine how the two factors relate to distress among adolescents and young adults.
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McLeod JD, DiSabatino L. Structured Variation in Parental Beliefs about Autism. JOURNAL OF HEALTH AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOR 2019; 60:36-54. [PMID: 30614277 DOI: 10.1177/0022146518820581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We used data from the 2011 Survey of Pathways to Diagnosis and Services (N = 1,420) to evaluate a conceptual model linking social background (race-ethnicity, socioeconomic status [SES]) to parental distress through children's clinical profiles and parental beliefs about the nature and causes of their child's autism. Children's clinical profiles varied by social background; white children and children of more highly educated and affluent parents were less likely to experience comorbid conditions and were more likely to be diagnosed with Asperger's. Parental beliefs also varied such that parents of racial-ethnic minority children and parents of lower SES perceived their child's condition as more uncertain and were less likely to attribute it to genetic causes. Parents of Hispanic children and with lower incomes were more likely to be upset by the child's condition. Although parental beliefs had independent associations with distress, children's clinical profiles contributed more to explaining variation in distress.
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Bakula DM, Sharkey CM, Perez MN, Espeleta HC, Hawkins M, Chaney JM, Mullins LL. The Role of Stigma in the Relationship Between Illness Intrusiveness and Adjustment in Adolescents and Young Adults: A Path Model. J Pediatr Psychol 2019; 44:611-619. [DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsz004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Sharkey CM, Espeleta HC, Bakula DM, Roberts CM, Ruppe NM, Marissa Baudino B, Clawson AH, Chaney JM, Mullins LL. Adverse childhood experiences: Non-medical trauma in the context of pediatric chronic illness. CHILDRENS HEALTH CARE 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/02739615.2018.1553677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hannah C. Espeleta
- Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Dana M. Bakula
- Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | | | - Nicole M. Ruppe
- Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | | | - Ashley H. Clawson
- Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - John M. Chaney
- Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Larry L. Mullins
- Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
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Sex differences in predictors of illness intrusiveness in persons with multiple sclerosis. Qual Life Res 2018; 28:389-397. [DOI: 10.1007/s11136-018-2023-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Kannangara CS, Allen RE, Waugh G, Nahar N, Khan SZN, Rogerson S, Carson J. All That Glitters Is Not Grit: Three Studies of Grit in University Students. Front Psychol 2018; 9:1539. [PMID: 30210389 PMCID: PMC6123604 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present research looked at the importance of the concept of grit in University students based on a mixed-method approach. Study 1 comprised 440 University students. All were given the Grit Scale, the Perceived Stress Scale, the short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale, the Office of National Statistics Well-being items and the Self-Control Scale. Levels of grit were significantly higher in female students, older students and postgraduates. Grit correlated highest with self-control. Study 2 looked at 340 University students. In addition to measuring self-control, mental well-being and grit, measures of resilience and mindsets were also added. A construct validity test of the Grit Scale showed that high grit scorers had significantly higher levels of self-control and mental well-being, were more resilient and were more likely to have a more growth oriented mindset. Grit varies with age and is most closely associated with the concept of self-control. The third study was a qualitative investigation with 10 successful graduates. Semi-structured interviews were coded using thematic analysis. Three broad themes emerged. The first, Passion and Perseverance, included themes of having short and long terms goals, resilience, dedication, and endurance. The second, Self-Control, included time management, self-awareness, prioritizing tasks and knowing strengths and weaknesses. The third theme identified was Positive Mindsets. This included having a positive attitude toward learning, the importance of feedback and constructive criticism and that success is not materialistic. The qualitative research has helped "unpack" concepts from the grit research and may enable University tutors to guide students better. Though these studies were only conducted in one English University, they have been stepping stones in our quest to discover what are the most important factors in determining student academic success? The development and piloting of our new Uni-Stride Scale, is the next step in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rosie E. Allen
- Psychology, Faculty of Professional Studies, University of Bolton, Bolton, United Kingdom
| | - Gill Waugh
- Education, Faculty of Professional Studies, University of Bolton, Bolton, United Kingdom
| | - Nurun Nahar
- Institute of Management, University of Bolton, Bolton, United Kingdom
| | - Samia Zahraa Noor Khan
- Psychology, Faculty of Professional Studies, University of Bolton, Bolton, United Kingdom
| | - Suzanne Rogerson
- Psychology, Faculty of Professional Studies, University of Bolton, Bolton, United Kingdom
| | - Jerome Carson
- Psychology, Faculty of Professional Studies, University of Bolton, Bolton, United Kingdom
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Saylor J, Lee S, Ness M, Ambrosino JM, Ike E, Ziegler M, Roth CL, Calamaro C. Positive Health Benefits of Peer Support and Connections for College Students With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. DIABETES EDUCATOR 2018; 44:340-347. [PMID: 29949457 DOI: 10.1177/0145721718765947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the characteristics and health outcomes of college students with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) as it relates to membership in a local university-based diabetes student organization. Methods This descriptive, correlational research design is a secondary analysis of data. The sample consisted of nationally representative young adults in college (n = 317) between 18 and 30 years of age who were diagnosed with T1DM. Data were collected during April 2017 using a secure electronic diabetes management survey to inquire about self-reported barriers to diabetes management, hypoglycemia, and diabetic ketoacidosis of members of a diabetes organization. Results Students were evenly distributed from freshman to senior year of college with a slight decrease at the graduate level. Students who were affiliated members of a student-led diabetes student organization were less likely to report increased levels of isolation, depressive symptoms, and anxiety related to their diabetes than were general members. Conclusion Participation in a university-based diabetes student organization on campus and connecting with other college students with diabetes may have health benefits. In conclusion, the current study underscores the potential importance of peer-led, diabetes-specific support for adolescents emerging into adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Michelle Ness
- School of Nursing, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware
| | - Jodie M Ambrosino
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Emily Ike
- The College Diabetes Network, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Melissa Ziegler
- University of Delaware, College of Health Sciences, Biostatistics Core, Newark, Delaware
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Ness MM, Saylor J, Selekman J. Maternal Experiences of Transitioning Their Emerging Adult With Type 1 Diabetes to College. DIABETES EDUCATOR 2018; 44:178-187. [PMID: 29482437 DOI: 10.1177/0145721718759980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to gain a deeper understanding about mothers' experiences of transitioning their emerging adult with type 1 diabetes mellitus to college. Methods A descriptive, qualitative study was conducted with 9 mothers of high school seniors with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) using semi-structured questions via recorded telephone interviews. Results Among the 9 participants, 8 had daughters, and 1 had a son. The thematic analysis resulted in 4 themes: (1) concern for health and safety at college, (2) evolving roles of the parent and emerging adult dyad, (3) communication dynamics, and (4) social support systems. Conclusions Results indicate that mothers of emerging adults with T1DM experience heightened levels of concern during the college transition. These concerns are above and beyond those that are experienced by mothers of emerging adults without T1DM. Findings indicated that increasing levels of support for both parents as well as emerging adults with T1DM during the college transition may serve to decrease maternal stress and enhance the development of preparedness for diabetes self-management. Recommendations for diabetes educators in clinical practice include a family-centered approach focusing on the transition before the late adolescent period, interventions from colleges to promote a smooth transition, and interventions that address concerns of both the emerging adult with T1DM and the parent. Further research is necessary to identify barriers and facilitators to support parent/emerging adult dyads during the college transition period.
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Sharkey CM, Bakula DM, Baraldi AN, Perez MN, Suorsa KI, Chaney JM, Mullins LL. Grit, Illness-Related Distress, and Psychosocial Outcomes in College Students With a Chronic Medical Condition: A Path Analysis. J Pediatr Psychol 2017; 43:552-560. [DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsx145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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