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Fan Z, Ma K, Wang Y, Wang L, Zhang Y, Li C, Li J, Wu D, Li J, Li Z. Liver transcriptome and physiological analyses preliminarily revealed the adaptation mechanisms of Amur grayling ( Thymallus arcticus grubei, Dybowski, 1869) fry for dietary lipid nutrition. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1369845. [PMID: 38694481 PMCID: PMC11061402 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1369845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The Amur grayling (Thymallus arcticus grubei Dybowski, 1869), a species of potentially economic and research value, is renowned for its tender meat, exquisite flavor, and high nutritional contents. This study was conducted to investigate the physiological adaptation mechanisms to dietary lipids in Amur grayling fry (with average initial weight 4.64±0.03 g). This study involved a 56-day feeding trial with diets containing varying lipid levels (9.07%, 12.17%, 15.26%, 18.09%, 21.16%, and 24.07%, designated as GL1 through GL6, respectively) to explore the impact of dietary lipids on growth performance, intestinal digestion, liver antioxidative function, and transcriptomic profiles. Results showed that The group receiving 18% dietary lipid exhibited a markedly higher weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate compared to other groups, alongside a reduced feed conversion ratio (FCR), except in comparison to the 15% lipid group. Activities of lipase in pancreatic secretion and amylase in stomach mucosa peaked in the 18% lipid treatment group, indicating enhanced digestive efficiency. The liver of fish in this group also showed increased activities of antioxidative enzymes and higher levels of glutathione and total antioxidative capacity, along with reduced malondialdehyde content compared to the 9% and 24% lipid treatments. Additionally, serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were highest in the 18% group. Transcriptomic analysis revealed four significant metabolic pathways affected: Cholesterol metabolism, Fat digestion and absorption, PPAR signaling, and Fatty acid degradation, involving key genes such as Lipase, Lipoprotein lipase, Fatty acid-binding protein, and Carnitine palmitoyltransferase I. These findings suggest that the liver of Amur grayling employs adaptive mechanisms to manage excessive dietary lipids. Quadratic regression analysis determined the optimal dietary lipid levels to be 16.62% and 16.52%, based on WGR and FCR, respectively. The optimal dietary lipid level for juvenile Amur grayling appears to be around 18%, as evidenced by improved growth performance, digestive function, balanced serum lipid profile, and enhanced liver antioxidative capacity. Exceeding this lipid threshold triggers both adaptive and potentially detrimental liver responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Fan
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Kai Ma
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, China
| | - Liansheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yongquan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Chenhui Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China
- Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center for Fishery Environment and Aquatic Products (Harbin), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, China
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Jinnan Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Zhengwei Li
- Heilongjiang Aquatic Animal Resource Conservation Center, Harbin, China
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Gültekin VK, Atamanalp M, Ucar A, Alak G, Parlak V. Testing the detoxification power of black cumin oil ( Nigella sativa) over cypermethrin insecticide effects in rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss) at multiple scales. Drug Chem Toxicol 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38326995 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2024.2311279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the curative effect of black cumin oil (Nigella sativa, NS), which is a phytotherapeutic agent against to cypermethrin (CYP), which is known to have adverse effects on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)'s behavioral changes, oxidative stress-mediated neurotoxicity, hematotoxicity and hepatotoxicity parameters.At the end of the trial period; (i) evaluation of critical swimming speed (Ucrit) (ii) hematology indices [white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (Hgb), hematocrit (Hct), mean cell volume (MCV), mean cell hemoglobin) (MCH), mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)] (iii) Elucidation of the mechanism of functional damage in brain tissue of O. mykiss by neurological parameter [acetylcholinesterase (AChE)] (iv) Evaluation of oxidative damage in oxidative stress-mediated neurotoxicity and hepatotoxicity in liver, gill and brain tissue of O. mykiss with antioxidant enzymes [(Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Glutathione (GSH)] and [(detection by means of malondialdehyde (MDA)] (v) Obtaining applicable data in the toxicological field using a multi-biomarker approach to investigate the modulation of NS administration via target markers in the physiological pathway of O. mykiss were aimed.As a result of CYP application, it was determined that the Ucrit value of O. mykiss decreased significantly. It was determined that the changes in the values of RBC, Hgb and Hct, which are among the hematology parameters examined in the blood tissue, were statistically significant (p < 0.05). It was determined that WBC value was inhibited by CYP application and NS tried to make a positive contribution to WBC. It was determined that the AChE activity of O. mykiss in the brain tissue had a statistically significant inhibition in the CYP-treated group (p < 0.05). SOD, CAT, GPx, enzyme activities were found to be inhibited by CYP application and were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Acute toxicity of CYP was determined by antioxidant enzyme biomarkers in gill tissue. In the results obtained; While inhibitions were determined in SOD, CAT, GPx activities compared to the control group, an induction occurred in MDA value.NS administration was noted to be an important modulator of the SOD-CAT system against CYP exposure at both concentrations. Thus, it can be said that it indirectly functions as an effective antioxidant through the NS receptor protein and structurally stimulates the synthesis and activity of antioxidative enzymes under oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Arzu Ucar
- Department of Aquaculture, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Gonca Alak
- Department of Sea Food Processing, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Veysel Parlak
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Li H, Gao J, Liu Y, Ding Y, Guo Y, Wang Z, Dong Z, Zhang N. Toxic Effects of Bisphenol AF Exposure on the Reproduction and Liver of Female Marine Medaka ( Oryzias melastigma). Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:222. [PMID: 38254391 PMCID: PMC10812438 DOI: 10.3390/ani14020222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, bisphenol AF (BPAF) in aquatic environments has drawn attention to its ecological risks. This study aims to investigate the toxic effects of BPAF (188.33 μg/L) exposure for 30 days on female marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma). On the 10th and 30th day of exposure, the toxicity was evaluated using histological analysis of the liver and ovaries and the transcription levels of genes related to the antioxidant system, immune system, and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Findings revealed that (1) BPAF exposure caused vacuolation, karyopyknosis and karyolysis in the liver of marine medaka, and the toxic impact augmented with duration; (2) exposure to BPAF for 10 days facilitated the growth and maturation of primary ova, and this exposure had a comparatively inhibitory effect after 30 days; (3) exposure to BPAF resulted in a biphasic regulation of the transcriptional abundance of genes involved in antioxidant and inflammatory response (e.g., il-8, cat), with an initial up-regulation followed by down-regulation. Additionally, it disrupted the transcriptional pattern of HPG axis-related genes (e.g., 3βhsd, arα). In conclusion, 188.33 μg/L BPAF can alter the expression levels of functionally related genes, impair the structural integrity of marine organisms, and pose a threat to their overall health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huichen Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (H.L.); (J.G.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.G.); (Z.W.)
| | - Jiahao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (H.L.); (J.G.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.G.); (Z.W.)
| | - Yue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (H.L.); (J.G.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.G.); (Z.W.)
| | - Yujia Ding
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (H.L.); (J.G.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.G.); (Z.W.)
| | - Yusong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (H.L.); (J.G.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.G.); (Z.W.)
| | - Zhongduo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (H.L.); (J.G.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.G.); (Z.W.)
| | - Zhongdian Dong
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (H.L.); (J.G.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.G.); (Z.W.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (H.L.); (J.G.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.G.); (Z.W.)
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Choi JH, Kim JH. Toxic effects of sub-acute microplastic (polyamide) exposure on the accumulation, hematological, and antioxidant responses in crucian carp, Carassius carassius. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 102:104199. [PMID: 37391052 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of microplastics (MPs) on fish and to confirm the toxic effects of MPs on fish, as well as to clarify the standard indicators. MPs are present in a large amount in the aquatic environment and can have various adverse effects on aquatic animals. Crucian carp, Carassius carassius (mean weight, 23.7 ± 1.6 g; mean length, 13.9 ± 1.4 cm), were exposed to PA (Polyamide) concentrations of 0, 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64 mg/L for 2 weeks. The PA accumulation profile in C. carassius decreased from the intestine to the gill to the liver. Hematological parameters such as red blood cell (RBC) counts, hemoglobin (Hb), and hematocrit (Ht) notably decreased at high levels of PA exposure. Plasma components such as calcium, magnesium, glucose, cholesterol, total protein, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were significantly altered by PA exposure. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione (GSH) of liver, gill and intestine significantly increased following PA exposure. The results of this study suggest that MP exposure affects the hematological physiology and antioxidant responses in C. carassius as well as accumulation in specific tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Ho Choi
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, the Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Hwan Kim
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
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Banaee M, Impellitteri F, Multisanti CR, Sureda A, Arfuso F, Piccione G, Faggio C. Evaluating Silymarin Extract as a Potent Antioxidant Supplement in Diazinon-Exposed Rainbow Trout: Oxidative Stress and Biochemical Parameter Analysis. TOXICS 2023; 11:737. [PMID: 37755747 PMCID: PMC10535037 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11090737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of diazinon on fish, focusing on hepatotoxic biomarkers and the potential protective effects of silymarin supplementation. One hundred eighty rainbow trout were randomly assigned to four groups: control, diazinon exposed (0.1 mg L-1), silymarin supplemented (400 mg kg-1), and diazinon + silymarin. Blood samples and liver tissue were collected after 7, 14, and 21 days of exposure to analyze biochemical parameters and oxidative biomarkers. Diazinon exposure in fish resulted in liver damage, as indicated by increased antioxidant enzyme activities in the hepatocytes. Silymarin showed the potential to mitigate this damage by reducing oxidative stress and restoring enzyme activities. Nevertheless, diazinon increased creatine phosphokinase activity, which may not be normalized by silymarin. Exposure to diazinon increased glucose, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels, whereas total protein, albumin, and globulin levels were significantly decreased in fish. However, silymarin controlled and maintained these levels within the normal range. Diazinon increased creatinine, urea, uric acid, and ammonia contents. Silymarin could regulate creatinine, urea, and uric acid levels while having limited effectiveness on ammonia excretion. Furthermore, diazinon increased malondialdehyde in hepatocytes, whereas administration of silymarin could restore normal malondialdehyde levels. Overall, silymarin showed potential as a therapeutic treatment for mitigating oxidative damage induced by diazinon in fish, but its effectiveness on creatine phosphokinase, glutathione reductase, and ammonia may be limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Banaee
- Aquaculture Department, Faculty of Natural Resources and the Environment, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan 6361663973, Iran
| | - Federica Impellitteri
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Giovanni Palatucci snc, 98168 Messina, Italy (F.A.)
| | - Cristiana Roberta Multisanti
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), and CIBEROBN Fisiopatología de la Obesidad la Nutrición, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Francesca Arfuso
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Giovanni Palatucci snc, 98168 Messina, Italy (F.A.)
| | - Giuseppe Piccione
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Giovanni Palatucci snc, 98168 Messina, Italy (F.A.)
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
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Sherif AH, Elkasef M, Mahfouz ME, Kasem EA. Impacts of dietary zinc oxide nanoparticles on the growth and immunity of Nile tilapia could be ameliorated using Nigella sativa oil. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 79:127265. [PMID: 37478799 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zinc nanoparticles are documented to be harmful to fish because their accumulation in fish bring about many irreversible changes in their health. Nigella sativa and its oil have been endorsed in aquaculture to improve fish health. METHODS Two hundred seventy experimental fish (113 ± 5 g body weight) were divided into 6 groups G1-6; control fish fed a diet without any treatment (G1), 0.3% of NSO (G2), 0.5% of NSO (G3), ZnO NPs (40 mg/kg diet) (G4), 0.3% of NSO and ZnO NPs (40 mg/kg diet) (G5), 0.5% of NSO and ZnO NPs (40 mg/kg diet) (G6), the trial lasted for six weeks. RESULTS Growth performance was enhanced in fish received diets containing NSO, final weight (FW), weight gain (WG), daily weight gain (DWG), and relative growth rate (RGR) were significantly increased with lower food conversion ratios (FCR) compared to the control. The hepatic glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), and metallothionein (MT) were increased in response to ZnO NPs stress and only 0.5% NSO supplementation could ameliorate such increment. The immune-related genes [interleukin1-beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-beta (TNF-β), transforming growth factor-beta 2 (TGF-β2) and C-type lysozyme] as well as growth-related gene [insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1)] in liver showed an upregulation in fish fed with NSO diets. Administration of ZnO NPs lowered the resistance of Oreochromis niloticus against bacterial infection with Aeromonas hydrophila and NSO could enhance the immunity in the highest tested concentration (0.5%) (G6). CONCLUSIONS The obtained results implied that NSO could enhance the oxidative and immune status of O. niloticus which could compensate ZnO NPs stress as well as experimental infection of a virulent strain of A. hydrophila. Our results revealed that NSO might increase fish growth and immunity only at a high dose (0.5%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed H Sherif
- Fish Disease Department, Animal Health Research Institute AHRI, Agriculture Research Centre ARC, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.
| | - Mariam Elkasef
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Magdy E Mahfouz
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Enas A Kasem
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
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Banaee M, Faraji J, Amini M, Multisanti CR, Faggio C. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) physiological response to microplastics and enrofloxacin: Novel pathways to investigate microplastic synergistic effects on pharmaceuticals. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 261:106627. [PMID: 37393734 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Enrofloxacin (ENR) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic widely used due to its efficacy against pathogens. Microplastics (MPs) may bind to ENR and reduce its efficiency, whereas there would be an increase in its toxicity, bioavailability, and bio-accumulation rates. Therefore, the hypothesis is that the interaction between MPs and ENR can alter their toxicity and bioavailability. The subjective of this study is to examine the toxicity of various concentrations of ENR (0, 1.35, and 2.7 ml Kg-1 diet) and MPs (0, 1000, and 2000 mg Kg-1 diet) alone and in combination for 21 days. The rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is an economic aquaculture species used as an experimental model in ecotoxicology studies. Blood biochemical analytes indicated that ENR and MPs combination led to increasing enzymatic activity of each biomarker, except for gamma-glutamyl-transferase (GGT). Alterations related to triglycerides, cholesterol, glucose, urea, creatinine, total protein, and albumin blood contents were observed. An elevation in the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) was found in the liver. In contrast, catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels decreased. Furthermore, a decline was observed in the cellular total antioxidant (ANT) levels. These findings suggested that ENR and MPs could affect fish health both independently and together. Consequently, the study determined that when both ENR and MPs were present in high concentrations, the toxicity of ENR was amplified, providing further evidence of the synergistic impact of MPs on ENR toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Banaee
- Aquaculture Department, Faculty of Natural Resources and the Environment, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan, Iran
| | - Javad Faraji
- Aquaculture Department, Faculty of Natural Resources and the Environment, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amini
- Aquaculture Department, Faculty of Natural Resources and the Environment, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan, Iran
| | - Cristiana Roberta Multisanti
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
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Li X, He X, Lin X, Li W, Gao J, Zhang N, Guo Y, Wang Z, Zhao N, Zhang B, Dong Z. Effects of bisphenols on lipid metabolism and neuro-cardiovascular toxicity in marine medaka larvae. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 259:106551. [PMID: 37156703 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenols are environmental endocrine disruptors that have detrimental effects on aquatic organisms. Using marine medaka larvae, this study explored the effects of bisphenol compounds [bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol F (BPF), and bisphenol AF (BPAF)] on the early growth and development of aquatic organisms. Marine medaka larvae were exposed to bisphenol compounds at concentrations of 0.05, 0.5, and 5 μM for 72 h, and changes in heartbeat rate, behavior, hormone levels, and gene expression were determined. Bisphenols were shown to have a toxic effect on the cardiovascular system of larvae and can cause neurotoxicity and endocrine disruption, such as changes to thyroid-related hormones. Functional enrichment showed that bisphenols mainly affect lipid metabolism and cardiac muscle contraction of larvae, which implied that the main toxic effects of bisphenols on marine medaka larvae targeted the liver and heart. This study provides a theoretical foundation for evaluating the toxicological effects of bisphenols on the early development of aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyou Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiaoxu He
- Tianjin Fisheries Research Institute, Tianjin 300200, China
| | - Xiaona Lin
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Weihao Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jiahao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yusong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhongduo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Na Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, China; Tianjin Fisheries Research Institute, Tianjin 300200, China
| | - Zhongdian Dong
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.
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Dietary Chlorella vulgaris mitigated the adverse effects of Imidacloprid on the growth performance, antioxidant, and immune responses of common carp ( Cyprinus carpio). ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2023-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The use of pesticides to eliminate pests and weeds has raised concerns about water pollution and adverse effects on aquatic organisms, so many efforts have been made to increase the resistance of fish to these pesticides by using a proper nutrition strategy. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the growth performance, antioxidant, and immune responses of fish exposed to Imidacloprid insecticide (C9H10ClN5O2) by different doses of Chlorella vulgaris dry powder to the diet of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). In this study, 600 common carp with a medium weight (18.10±0.2 g; Mean ± SE) were prepared and after adaptation and determination of lethal concentration of Imidacloprid, for 56 days in 6 treatments and each with 3 replications were classified and tested (Control (T1), 5% Chlorella vulgaris dry powder and no pollution (T2), 10% Chlorella vulgaris dry powder and no pollution (T3), No Chlorella vulgaris dry powder and 12.5% LC50 Imidacloprid (T4), 5% Chlorella vulgaris dry powder plus 12.5% LC50 imidacloprid (T5) and 10% Chlorella vulgaris dry powder plus 12.5% LC50 Imidacloprid (T6)). After 96 hours of exposure to distinct concentrations of the insecticide, the total mortality was measured and the Imidacloprid median lethal concentration (LC50) over 96 hours was calculated (266.2 mg/l) using Probit analysis. According to the result, common carp fed T2 had the highest final weight (FW), weight gain (WG), and specific growth rate (SGR), and the lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) among the groups (P<0.05). Fish in the T2 group had the highest Total proteins, Albumin and Globulin (P<0.05). Fish in the group T4 had the highest Cortisol, Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) levels in the blood, while fish fed T2 and T3 had low values (P<0.05). The Alternative Complement Pathway (ACH50) was significantly higher in T2 and T3 than other groups (P<0.05). Blood total Immunoglobulin (Ig) and Lysozyme activity were high in T2 and T3 groups, and had the lowest values in the T4 group (P<0.05). The Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) showed the highest activities in T2 (P<0.05). T4 group had the highest Malondialdehyde (MDA) level, while T2 and T3 groups had the lowest MDA level (P<0.05). The highest Amylase, Protease and Lipase were in the T2 group, while the lowest values were in the T4 group (P<0.05). In conclusion, dietary Chlorella vulgaris protects common carp from Imidacloprid insecticide, since it improved growth performance, antioxidant and immune responses of fish.
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Chen Y, Chen X, Li X, Liu Y, Guo Y, Wang Z, Dong Z. Effects of bisphenol AF on growth, behavior, histology and gene expression in marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma). CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136424. [PMID: 36116629 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol AF (BPAF) is one of the substitutes for bisphenol A (BPA), which has endocrine-disrupting, reproductive and neurological toxicity. BPAF has frequently been detected in the aquatic environment, which has been a long-term threat to the health of aquatic organisms. In this study, female marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) were exposed to 6.7 μg/L, 73.4 μg/L, and 367.0 μg/L BPAF for 120 d. The effects of BPAF on behavior, growth, liver and ovarian histology, gene transcriptional profiles, and reproduction of marine medaka were determined. The results showed that with the increase of BPAF concentration, the swimming speed of female marine medaka showed an increasing trend and then decreasing trend. BPAF (367.0 μg/L) significantly increased body weight and condition factors in females. BPAF (73.4 μg/L and 367.0 μg/L) significantly delayed oocyte maturation. Exposure to 367.0 μg/L BPAF showed an increasing trend in the transcript levels of lipid synthesis and transport-related genes such as fatty acid synthase (fasn), sterol regulatory element binding protein (srebf), diacylglycerol acyltransferase (dgat), solute carrier family 27 member 4 (slc27a4), fatty acid-binding protein (fabp), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (pparγ) in the liver. In addition, 6.7 μg/L BPAF significantly down-regulated the expression levels of antioxidant-related genes [superoxide dismutase (sod), glutathione peroxidase (gpx), and catalase (cat)], and complement system-related genes [complement component 5 (c5), complement component 7a (c7a), mannan-binding lectin serine peptidase 1 (masp1), and tumor necrosis factor (tnf)] were significantly up-regulated in the 73.4 and 367.0 μg/L groups, which implies the effect of BPAF on the immune system in the liver. In the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis (HPG) results, the transcription levels of estrogen receptor α (erα), estrogen receptor β (erβ), androgen receptor (arα), gonadotropin-releasing hormone 2 (gnrh2), cytochrome P450 19b (cyp19b), aromatase (cyp19a), and luteinizing hormone receptor (lhr) in the brain and ovary, and vitellogenin (vtg) and choriogenin (chg) in the liver of 367.0 μg/L BPAF group showed a downward trend. In addition, exposure to 367.0 μg/L BPAF for 120 d inhibited the spawning behavior of marine medaka. Our results showed that long-term BPAF treatment influenced growth (body weight and condition factors), lipid metabolism, and ovarian maturation, and significantly altered the immune response and the transcriptional expression levels of HPG axis-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuebi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiaotian Chen
- Center for Industrial Analysis and Testing, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Xueyou Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yusong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhongduo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China; State Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University School, Changsha, China
| | - Zhongdian Dong
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.
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Banaee M, Impellitteri F, Evaz-Zadeh Samani H, Piccione G, Faggio C. Dietary Arthrospira platensis in Rainbow Trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss): A Means to Reduce Threats Caused by CdCl 2 Exposure? TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10120731. [PMID: 36548564 PMCID: PMC9781257 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10120731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is one of the most commercially sought-after freshwater fish species and one of the most farmed in the world. On the other hand, aquaculture breeding frequently results in outbreaks of infectious diseases and pests, and compromises the production and welfare of fish. Arthrospira platensis (known as "Spirulina") has been used as a supplement in diets to enhance fish welfare in recent years because of its beneficial properties. This study aimed to assess the possible protective effects of Arthrospira platensis on rainbow trout specimens exposed to three different doses of the toxicant CdCl2. The experiment was carried out using five experimental treatments of 40 individuals each: control group; group II (0.2 mg CdCl2 per kg of commercial fish feed); group III (0.2 mg Kg-1 of CdCl2 plus 2.5 g per kg of A. platensis); group IV (0.2 mg Kg-1 of CdCl2 plus 5 g per kg of A. platensis); group V (0.2 mg Kg-1 of CdCl2 plus 10 g per kg of A. platensis). During the experiment, dietary supplementation of A. platensis normalized all serum and blood parameters altered by the presence of CdCl2. A. platensis also had a protective effect on markers of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Banaee
- Aquaculture Department, Faculty of Natural Resources and the Environment, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan 47189, Iran
| | - Federica Impellitteri
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Polo Universitario dell’Annunziata, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Hamid Evaz-Zadeh Samani
- Aquaculture Department, Faculty of Natural Resources and the Environment, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan 47189, Iran
| | - Giuseppe Piccione
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Polo Universitario dell’Annunziata, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno, d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
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12
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Elabd H, Youssuf H, Mahboub HH, Salem SMR, Husseiny WA, Khalid A, El-Desouky HS, Faggio C. Growth, hemato-biochemical, immune-antioxidant response, and gene expression in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) received nano iron oxide-incorporated diets. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 128:574-581. [PMID: 36007828 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has recently played a key role in tackling many aquacultures issues. Hence, the present study targets the evaluation of dietary inclusion of nano iron oxide (nFe2O3) on growth performance, hematology, immune-antioxidant responses, ionic regulation and expression of related genes in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Fish were fed supplementary nFe2O3 at rates of zero (control), 0.5, and 1 g/kg diet for 30 days. Obtained data demonstrated that nFe2O3 significantly (P < 0.05) augmented growth performance (final weight and length, body mass gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, and length gain rate). Hematological picture {RBCs, Hb, MCV, MCH and MCHC, and leukocytes interpretations (WBCs and monocytes)}; and biochemical indexes including (AST and ALT; total protein; and glucose, and cortisol) were significantly (P < 0.05) improved in nFe2O3 supplemented groups. Plasma ionic concentration was also altered with nFe2O3 supplementation, and 1g nFe2O3 revealed the most marked increase in plasma (Na+) potassium (K+) levels. Similarly, IgM, nitrous oxide (NO), and lysozyme activity, plus superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities showed a remarkable improvement in 1g nFe2O3 group compared to the control. Expression of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) and interleukin 1-β (IL-1β) genes were significantly up-regulated in nFe2O3 supplemented groups. Briefly, dietary nFe2O3 inclusion had enhanced properties on growth; hemato-biochemical; immune, antioxidative profiles; and related genes expression of O. niloticus, with a recommended concentration of 1g nFe2O3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiam Elabd
- Department of Aquatic Animals' Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, 13736, Egypt.
| | - Hadeer Youssuf
- Department of Aquatic Animals' Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, 13736, Egypt
| | - Heba H Mahboub
- Fish Diseases and Management Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Shimaa M R Salem
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Deficiency Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Walaa A Husseiny
- Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - A Khalid
- Department of Basic Engineering Sciences, Faculty of Engineering (Shoubra), Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Heba S El-Desouky
- Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Moshtohor), Benha University, Toukh, 13736, Egypt
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Italy.
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14
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The Dietary Effects of Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) Extract on Growth, Hematological Parameters, Immunity, Antioxidant Status, and Disease Resistance of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) against Aeromonas hydrophila. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse10030325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plants are increasingly used in aquaculture owing to their beneficial impacts on the health status of farmed fish. The current study was conducted to investigate the effect of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) extract on growth, immunity, antioxidant parameters, and resistance of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) against Aeromonas hydrophila. In addition, in vitro antibacterial activity of the skin mucus of fish fed on nutmeg extract was evaluated against three major fish pathogenic bacteria through the standard disk diffusion method. Fish (17.27 ± 0.11 g) were divided into four groups and fed on experimental diets containing different levels of nutmeg extract, including zero (control), 0.5% (M1), 1% (M2), and 2% (M3) per kg diet. Results showed that nutmeg significantly enhanced growth parameters after a four-week feeding trial. Feed conversion ratio was remarkably reduced with the lowest value reported for the M3 group, whereas weight gain was notably increased in M2 and M3. No significant effect was found on the hematological profile, including mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, and hematocrit, while the highest levels of red blood cells and white blood cells were found in the M3 group. Stress biomarkers, including glucose and cortisol, were the lowest in the M3 group. Serum and skin mucus immunological and antioxidant parameters were significantly higher in M3, followed by M2, where the highest resistance was also observed. In addition, skin mucus samples effectively inhibited Streptococcus iniae, Yersinia ruckeri, and Aeromonas hydrophila. Overall, the present results suggest that dietary nutmeg (20 g/kg diet) could be used as a growth promotor and immunostimulant in common carp.
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Raissy M, Ahmadi Kabootarkhani M, Sanisales K, Mohammadi M, Rashidian G. The Synergistic Effects of Combined Use of Mentha longifolia, Thymus carmanicus, and Trachyspermum copticum on Growth Performance, Feed Utilization, and Expression of Key Immune Genes in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Front Vet Sci 2022; 8:810261. [PMID: 35097054 PMCID: PMC8795831 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.810261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants exhibit remarkable positive effects on different aspects of fish physiology. This study aimed to evaluate the possible impact of a combination of plants (Mentha longifolia, Thymus carmanicus, and Trachyspermum copticum) on growth performance, immune responses and key immune gene expression of rainbow trout. For this purpose, four diets were designed, including zero, 0.25, 0.5, and 1% of a mixture of plants per kg of diet, representing dietary treatments of control, T1, T2, and T3, respectively. Two hundred forty fish (weighing 23.11 ± 0.57 g) were fed 3% of body weight twice a day for 45 days. The results showed that growth parameters of weight gain (except for T1) and FCR were significantly improved in fish receiving all levels of plants, with T3 showing the best growth results. Digestive enzymes activities were notably increased in T1 and T2 compared to the control. Stress biomarkers (glucose and cortisol) were significantly decreased in T1 and T2, while T3 was not significantly different from the control. Immunological responses were significantly improved in T2, while T1 andT3 did not show a statistical difference in terms of lysozyme activity. Catalase activity was noticeably decreased in T1, although superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde were highest in T2. Immune-related genes were significantly up-regulated in T3 compared to other treatments. Also, antioxidant enzyme coding genes were strongly up-regulated in T2 and T3. Overall, the present results suggest that 1% inclusion of the mixture of M. longifolia, T. carmanicus, and T. copticum (T2) can be used to improve the growth and immunity of rainbow trout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Raissy
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
- *Correspondence: Mehdi Raissy
| | | | - Kimia Sanisales
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mohammadi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Ghasem Rashidian
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran
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16
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El-Sharawy ME, Hamouda M, Soliman AA, Amer AA, El-Zayat AM, Sewilam H, Younis EM, Abdel-Warith AWA, Dawood MAO. Selenium nanoparticles are required for the optimum growth behavior, antioxidative capacity, and liver wellbeing of Striped catfish ( Pangasianodon hypophthalmus). Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:7241-7247. [PMID: 34867027 PMCID: PMC8626318 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is a multifunctional trace element required in specific amounts for the optimal growth of aquatic finfish species. For this reason, this study investigated the effect of Se nanoparticles on the growth behavior, antioxidative capacity, and liver wellbeing of Striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus). Striped catfish fed varying Se nanoparticles levels (0. 0.5, 1, and 2 mg/kg) in triplicate units and kept for 60 days. Striped catfish delivered dietary Se nanoparticles had markedly increased growth performance, specific growth rate (SGR), consumed feed, and protein efficiency ratio but reduced feed conversion ratio (FCR). The whole body, liver, muscle, and gills have higher Se accumulation levels in fish that received Se nanoparticles than the control with the highest level in fish fed 2 mg/kg. The carcass composition showed higher protein content in fish fed 1 and 2 mg/kg (p = 0.001 and 0.001) and higher ash content (p = 0.001 and 0.002) in fish fed 2 mg/kg than the remaining groups. Superoxide dismutase was meaningfully activated in Striped catfish delivered 1 and 2 mg Se nanoparticles/kg compared with the control (p < 0.05). Also, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities were higher, and malondialdehyde level was lower in Striped catfish fed Se nanoparticles at 0.5, 1, and 2 mg/kg than the control (p < 0.05). The villi exhibited a visible increase in both height and branching with an increased level of Se nanoparticles in addition to the increased number of goblet cells. The Se nanoparticles-treated fish revealed dose-dependent modifications fluctuated from diffuse fatty vacuolization in hepatocytes with eccentric pyknotic hepatocytes nuclei. In conclusion, Se nanoparticles are required for the optimum growth behavior, antioxidative capacity, and liver wellbeing of Striped catfish. Based on SGR and FCR data's regression analysis, Se nanoparticles are recommended at 1.02-1.11 mg/kg diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed E El-Sharawy
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516 Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hamouda
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516 Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Ali A Soliman
- Central Laboratory for Aquaculture Research, Abbassa, Sharkia, Sakha Aquaculture Research Unit, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Asem A Amer
- Fish Nutrition Laboratory, Aquaculture Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M El-Zayat
- Department of Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Hani Sewilam
- Department of Engineering Hydrology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Elsayed M Younis
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdel-Wahab A Abdel-Warith
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud A O Dawood
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516 Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.,The Center for Applied Research on the Environment and Sustainability, The American University in Cairo, 11835Cairo, Egypt
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Ghafarifarsani H, Hoseinifar SH, Adorian TJ, Goulart Ferrigolo FR, Raissy M, Van Doan H. The effects of combined inclusion of Malvae sylvestris, Origanum vulgare, and Allium hirtifolium boiss for common carp (Cyprinus carpio) diet: Growth performance, antioxidant defense, and immunological parameters. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 119:670-677. [PMID: 34653666 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effects of a mixture of three medicinal plants extracts (COP: common mallow (Malvae sylvestris), oregano (Origanum vulgare), and Persian shallot (Allium hirtifolium boiss)) on growth, hematological indices, immunological parameters, liver antioxidant, and digestive enzyme activity of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Accordingly, 540 common carp fingerlings were randomly allotted to 18 fiberglass tanks, including six treatments each in triplicate. Fish were fed with experimental diets supplemented with 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, and 5% of the herbal mixture. After 60 days, the effects on growth performance, antioxidant, and immunological parameters were evaluated. According to the results, the highest final weight was observed in the fish fed 2 and 3% of the herbal mixture. Also, the feed conversion ratio (FCR) showed a significant decrease in fish treated with the herbal mix, so that the lowest FCR was observed in the treatment 1%. Hematological examinations such as red blood cells (RBC), white blood cell (WBC), and hemoglobin showed significant changes between different parameters compared to the control group. The highest protein content was observed in the fish supplemented with 2, 3, and 5% herbs. Besides, in contrast to glucose, the cortisol level showed a significant decrease compared to the control group. The digestive enzymes (Amylase, Lipase, and Protease) were significantly higher in 2 and 3% treatments than in the control group. Also, a significant difference was found in Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content between the experimental and control treatments. Examination of liver enzymes (and alanine aminotransaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)) showed a significant difference in herbal mixture treatments with the control group, according to which the lowest amount of these enzymes was recorded in 2 and 3% herb supplemented fish. Herbal mix resulted in higher mucosal and intestinal immunity parameters, including total immunoglobulin (total Ig), lysozyme, alternative complement activities (ACH50), protease, and ALP. According to the results, supplementing the diet with a mixture of the COP can significantly improve growth parameters, stimulate the innate immune system, and improve antioxidant defenses and liver health of common carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Ghafarifarsani
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Taida Juliana Adorian
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Cidade Universitária, Rio Grande Do Sul. AV. Roraima nº 1000, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, CEP: 97105-900, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Mehdi Raissy
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekrd Branch, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Keaw Rd., Suthep, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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Bussons INB, Sousa EDS, Aride PHR, Duncan WLP, Pantoja-Lima J, Furuya WM, Oliveira ATD, Bussons MRFM, Faggio C. Growth performance, hematological responses and economic indexes of Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1818) fed graded levels of glycerol. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 249:109122. [PMID: 34237425 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance, hematological responses and economic indicators of juvenile tambaqui Colossoma macropomum fed different levels of partial replacement of corn by glycerol (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%). The experiment was conducted for 90 days in the production of aquatic organisms lab at the Nilton Lins University, Manaus, Brazil, in a completely randomized design, and consisted of four treatments, four repetitions and two sampling times. In total, 240 juveniles were used with initial average weight and standard length of 15.32 ± 1,61 g and 8.03 ± 0.22 cm, respectively. The fish were maintained in twenty 310 L water tanks that had a closed system with no reuse, continuous aeration, siphoning and replacement of water every 48 h. Feeding was twice a day with the experimental diets, which contained 28% crude protein. The following parameters were considered: zootechnical checks (weight gain + survival %), welfare (health) (hepatosomatic index + condition factor + viscerosomatic index), economic (Economic efficiency rate + economic profitability index) and hematology (hematology + metabolites + ions). The results of the study show that diets for juvenile tambaqui can contain up to 50% replacement of corn by glycerol without compromising the fishes' development under the conditions studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iurych Nicolau Barros Bussons
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science and Fishery Resources, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences - FAS, Federal University of Amazonas, Av. General Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos, 6200, 69067-005 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; Dona Branca Farm, BR 101, km 211, South direction, 28860-000, Casimiro de Abreu, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elcimar da Silva Sousa
- Postgraduate Program in Aquaculture, Nilton Lins University, Av. Nilton Lins, 3259, 69058-030 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Rocha Aride
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Amazonas, Campus Manaus Centtro, Av. 7 de setembro, 1975, 69020-120 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Wallice Luiz Paxiúba Duncan
- Functional Morphology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas, Av. Gal Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos, 6200, 69067-005, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Jackson Pantoja-Lima
- Federal Institute of Eduction, Science and Technology of Amazonas, Campus Presidente Figueiredo, Av. Onça Pintada, 1308, 69735-000 Presidente Figueiredo, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Wilson Massamitu Furuya
- Department of Animal Science, State University of Ponta Grossa, Av. Gal. Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, 84030-900 Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Adriano Teixeira de Oliveira
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Amazonas, Campus Manaus Centtro, Av. 7 de setembro, 1975, 69020-120 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | | | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166, S. Agata, Messina, Italy.
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DeiviArunachalam K, Kuruva JK, Pradhoshini KP, Musthafa MS, Faggio C. Antioxidant and antigenotoxic potential of Morinda tinctoria Roxb. leaf extract succeeding cadmium exposure in Asian catfish, Pangasius sutchi. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 249:109149. [PMID: 34352397 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the protective effect of methanolic leaf extract of Morinda tinctoria. Roxb (MEMT) (200 mg/kg) via feed in supplementation with standard compound silymarin (400 mg/kg). M. tinctoria (Roxb.) belonging to Rubiaceae, is an evergreen shrub indigenous to unfarmed lands of tropical countries. It is considered as an essential traditional medicine attributing for the potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The enhancements of antioxidant and antigenotoxic status in different tissues of cadmium (Cd) intoxicated Pangasius sutchi were evaluated by using various antioxidant assays (superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) and lipid peroxidation) in addition to micronuclei (MN), binuclei (BN) and comet assay. The cadmium toxicated fish showed a significant (p < 0.001) increase in lipid peroxidation (LPO) activities in liver, gills, muscle and kidney whereas significant (p < 0.001) decline were observed in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) contents in all fish tissues. The results also revealed that, Cd exposure induced the formation of genotoxic endpoints like MN, BN, notched nuclei, kidney shaped nuclei and DNA damage in the fish erythrocytes. Maximum of 26.8% MN frequencies and maximum of 66.74% tail DNA damage were observed on the 7th day of Cd exposure. A time-dependent significant increase (p < 0.001) in the frequencies of MN, BN and tail DNA damage were observed in all treated groups against the control which started to decline from 14th day onwards. There was a decline in the LPO content, frequencies of MN, BN and percentage of tail DNA in contrast to significant elevation in SOD and CAT content in all tissues due to the combined treatment of M. tinctoria feed and water borne Cd exposure. It can be concluded from our observations that, supplementation of M. tinctoria leaf extract through feed alone produced enhanced antioxidant and antigenotoxic status in cadmium treated fish by diminishing oxidative stress and genotoxicity effects in a time dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kantha DeiviArunachalam
- Center for Environmental and Nuclear Research (CENR), SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jaya Krishna Kuruva
- Center for Environmental and Nuclear Research (CENR), SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kumara Perumal Pradhoshini
- Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai 600 014, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Mohamed Saiyad Musthafa
- Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai 600 014, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
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Kumar J, Priyadharshini M, Madhavi M, Begum SS, Ali AJ, Musthafa MS, Faggio C. Impact of Hygrophila auriculata supplementary diets on the growth, survival, biochemical and haematological parameters in fingerlings of freshwater fish Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton, 1822). Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2021; 263:111097. [PMID: 34688885 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.111097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigates the effects of Supplementary diet Hygrophila auriculata on the growth, survival, biochemical and haematological parameters of Cirrhinus mrigala. The seaweed was administered to the fish possessing an initial average weight of 14.063 ± 1.828 g. Fish were fed with supplementary diet H. auriculata exhibited significant difference (P < 0.05) in the growth performance, haematological indices such as RBC count, haematocrit volume, haemoglobin, WBC, MCV, MCH and MCHC concentration in contrast to the control after a period of 8 weeks. Also, there were significant differences in biochemical parameters (P < 0.05), between the fish supplemented with dietary H. auriculata extract and the control group. These findings suggest that the administration of H. auriculata extract has a positive effect on the immunological indices and the immune system activity in Mrigal fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnsundhar Kumar
- Unit of Aquaculture & Aquatic Toxicology, P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai 600 014, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Marckasagayam Priyadharshini
- Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai 600 014, Tamilnadu, India
| | - M Madhavi
- P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, Ethiraj College for Women, Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai 600 008, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Subeena Begum
- Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Jawahar Ali
- Unit of Aquaculture & Aquatic Toxicology, P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai 600 014, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Mohamed Saiyad Musthafa
- Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai 600 014, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina-Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
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21
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Gu Z, Jia R, He Q, Cao L, Du J, Feng W, Jeney G, Xu P, Yin G. Alteration of lipid metabolism, autophagy, apoptosis and immune response in the liver of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) after long-term exposure to bisphenol A. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 211:111923. [PMID: 33493725 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), as a phenolic compound, is harmful to human health, and its residue in the aquatic environment also threatens the health of aquatic animals. In this research, the toxicity effects of BPA on liver tissues were evaluated in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) after long-term exposure. Fish were exposed to five concentrations of BPA (0, 0.01, 0.1, 0.5 and 2 mg/L) for 30 days. The blood and liver tissues were gathered to analyze biochemical indices and genes transcription levels. The data related to lipid metabolism showed that BPA exposure increased serum total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, upregulated the expressions of fatp1, pparγ, fas, atgl, hsl, pparα, cpt1b, acox-1, and downregulated the expression of dgat1 in liver. Antioxidative parameters displayed a reduced antioxidant ability and increased lipid peroxidation after BPA exposure. Meanwhile, the upregulations of nrf2, ho-1, cyp1a and cyp1b genes revealed an adaptive response mechanism against oxidative stress-induced adverse effects. After 30 days of exposure, BPA induced apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) via upregulating the expression levels of apoptosis and ERS-related genes and increasing Ca2+ concentration in liver. Moreover, the downregulation of mtor and the upregulation of atg3, atg7, tfeb, uvrag and mcoln1 indicated that BPA could influence the normal process of autophagy. Furthermore, BPA exposure activated toll like receptors (TLRs) pathway to mediate the inflammatory response. Our results demonstrated that BPA exposure disturbed lipid metabolism, and induced oxidative stress, ERS, apoptosis, autophagy and inflammatory response in the liver of common carp. These findings contributed to the understanding of hepatotoxicity mechanism induced by BPA in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyan Gu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Rui Jia
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Fish Immunopharmacology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Qin He
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Liping Cao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Fish Immunopharmacology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Jinliang Du
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Fish Immunopharmacology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Wenrong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Fish Immunopharmacology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Galina Jeney
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Fish Immunopharmacology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; National Agricultural Research Center, Research Institute for Fisheries and Aquaculture, Anna Light 8, Szarvas 5440, Hungary
| | - Pao Xu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Fish Immunopharmacology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Guojun Yin
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Fish Immunopharmacology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
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22
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Hassanalizadeh Chari F, Akrami R, Ghelichi A, Ebrahimi P. The effect of Lavandula officinalis nanoemulsion on growth performance, body composition, haematology and immunity parameters of Oncorhynchus mykiss. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2020.1794883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Reza Akrami
- Department of Fisheries, Azadshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Azadshahr, Iran
| | - Afshin Ghelichi
- Department of Fisheries, Azadshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Azadshahr, Iran
| | - Pooneh Ebrahimi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran
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23
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Silva-Jara J, Angulo C, Macias ME, Velazquez C, Guluarte C, Reyes-Becerril M. First screening report of immune and protective effect of non-toxic Jatropha vernicosa stem bark against Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Longfin yellowtail Seriola rivoliana leukocytes. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 101:106-114. [PMID: 32222403 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In México, the infusion of Jatropha vernicosa stem bark has been used in folk medicine for many clinical situations, but no reports were available about this particular species of Jatropha in fish of mammals. In this first screening report, the phytochemical, antioxidant profile and antimicrobial properties of aqueous J. vernicosa stem bark extract were explored against Vibrio parahaemolyticus, an opportunist fish pathogen. To evaluate the cytotoxicity and immunological effect for the possible application of aqueous J. vernicosa stem bark in aquaculture, this study assessed it by using Longfin yellowtail Seriola rivoliana leukocytes. The results showed that phytochemical composition of the J. vernicosa extract was rich in phenol, flavonoid, saponin, and coumarin compounds. The antioxidant capacity of hydroxyl radical and superoxide anion scavenging activities, iron-chelation activity and β-carotene bleaching coupled to linoleic acid showed that J. vernicosa extracts had a moderate antioxidant effect compared with synthetic antioxidants (BHT, BHA and EDTA). No adverse effects were observed on spleen leukocytes (viability > 98%). Interestingly, J. vernicosa stem bark extract has immunostimulant and antioxidant effects, increasing phagocytosis, respiratory burns activity, and nitric oxide production, as well as superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. Additionally, J. vernicosa extract increased pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β and suppressed anti-inflammatory IL-10 gene expression upon stimuli and V. parahaemolyticus challenge. Finally, the data confirms that J. vernicosa stem bark extract is non-cytotoxic, rich in bioactive compounds with antioxidant effects, capable of enhancing the immune system in leukocytes and with great potential to fight against opportunistic diseases, such as vibriosis in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Silva-Jara
- Universidad de Guadalajara, University Center of Science and Engineering (CUCEI) Department of Pharmacobiology. 1421 Blvd. Marcelino García Barragan, Guadalajara, 44430, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Carlos Angulo
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita, La Paz, B.C.S., 23096, Mexico
| | - María Esther Macias
- Universidad de Guadalajara, University Center of Science and Engineering (CUCEI) Department of Pharmacobiology. 1421 Blvd. Marcelino García Barragan, Guadalajara, 44430, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Carlos Velazquez
- Universidad de Guadalajara, University Center of Science and Engineering (CUCEI) Department of Pharmacobiology. 1421 Blvd. Marcelino García Barragan, Guadalajara, 44430, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Crystal Guluarte
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita, La Paz, B.C.S., 23096, Mexico
| | - Martha Reyes-Becerril
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita, La Paz, B.C.S., 23096, Mexico.
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24
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Hoseinifar SH, Shakouri M, Yousefi S, Van Doan H, Shafiei S, Yousefi M, Mazandarani M, Torfi Mozanzadeh M, Tulino MG, Faggio C. Humoral and skin mucosal immune parameters, intestinal immune related genes expression and antioxidant defense in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed olive (Olea europea L.) waste. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 100:171-178. [PMID: 32135345 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.02.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A six-week feeding trial was carried out to evaluate the effects of inclusion of dietary olive waste cake (OWC, 0, 0.5, 2.5 and 5 g kg-1 diet) on performance, antioxidant condition and immune responses of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) (2.5 ± 0.1 g). Supplementing diet with 2.5 and 5 g OWC kg-1 diet significantly enhanced serum and mucosal lysozyme activity in fish. Regarding mucosal immunity, fish fed 2.5 and 5 g OWC kg-1 diets had higher skin mucus total Ig concentrations than other groups. In relation to antioxidant status, those in 2.5 g OWC kg-1 and the control groups exhibited the highest and the least liver superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities, respectively. Furthermore, the activity of liver glutathione S transferase in fish fed 2.5 and 5 g OWC kg-1 diets was higher than the other treatments. In respect to gut cytokines gene expression, our findings demonstrated dietary OWC did not influence interlukines-1β and 10 genes expression, but relative expression of IL8 gene gradually up-regulated with increasing dietary OWC level. Moreover, fish fed 0.5 g OWC kg-1 and the control diets had the highest and the lowest gut tumor necrosis factor-α gene expression values, respectively. The relative expression of transforming growth factor-β significantly down-regulated in gut of fish fed 2.5 and 5 g OWC kg-1 diets compared to other groups. Supplementing diet with OWC pronouncedly improved growth and feed conversion ratio in fish compared to the control. Overall, the findings of this study suggested that inclusion of 2.5 g OWC kg-1 diet can improve growth rate, oxidative stress status, humoral and skin mucosal immune responses in O. mykiss fingerlings and it can be considered as a functional feed additive for this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Meysam Shakouri
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Samira Yousefi
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Innovative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Shafigh Shafiei
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Morteza Yousefi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklaya St, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Mohammad Mazandarani
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mansour Torfi Mozanzadeh
- South Iran Aquaculture Research Centre, Iranian Fisheries Science Institute (IFSRI), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Ahwaz, Iran
| | - Maria Grazia Tulino
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres, Messina, Italy
| | - Caterina Faggio
- South Iran Aquaculture Research Centre, Iranian Fisheries Science Institute (IFSRI), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Ahwaz, Iran
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Abdel-Daim MM, Dawood MAO, Aleya L, Alkahtani S. Effects of fucoidan on the hematic indicators and antioxidative responses of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed diets contaminated with aflatoxin B 1. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:12579-12586. [PMID: 32006335 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07854-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fucoidan is a rich source of medicinally active immunostimulants that possess various pharmacological properties. This study examined the potential impact of fucoidan on the hematic indicators and antioxidative responses of Nile tilapia fed diets contaminated with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). Fish (60 ± 6.1 g) were allocated to five groups; the first (control) and second groups were fed 0% or 1% fucoidan-supplemented diets without AFB1 contamination, while the third, fourth, and fifth groups were fed diets contaminated with AFB1 and supplemented with 0%, 0.5%, and 1% fucoidan, respectively. After 30 days, fish fed AFB1 showed high ALT, AST, ALP, cholesterol, urea, and creatinine levels; furthermore, total blood protein and tissue (liver, kidney, and gill) glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activity significantly (P ≤ 0.05) decreased in fish fed AFB1, while tissue malondialdehyde significantly increased (P ≤ 0.05). Interestingly, fish fed fucoidan showed decreased ALT, AST, ALP, cholesterol, urea, and creatinine, as well as increased blood protein, GSH, GPx, SOD, and CAT activity. The results suggested that fucoidan is capable of inducing protective activity against AFB1 toxicity in Nile tilapia by enhancing the serum biochemical and tissue antioxidant responses of fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud A O Dawood
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt.
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Chrono-Environnement Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, F-25030, Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Saad Alkahtani
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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26
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Mohammadi G, Rashidian G, Hoseinifar SH, Naserabad SS, Doan HV. Ginger (Zingiber officinale) extract affects growth performance, body composition, haematology, serum and mucosal immune parameters in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 99:267-273. [PMID: 31981777 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the dietary effects of ginger extract (Zingiber officinale) on common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Three hundred and sixty fish weighing 10.9 ± 0.17 g were randomly divided into four experimental treatments in triplicates. Four experimental diets were designed containing different inclusion levels of ginger extract as 0% (control), 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.4% named T1, T2, T3, and T4, respectively, and fish were fed 3% of body weight daily for 60 days. Feed conversion ratio, weight gain, and specific growth rate parameters were measured higher in the groups fed with ginger extract compared to the control, especially in T3 (P < 0.05). Also, fish treated with ginger extract showed lower carcass moisture and lipid, but higher protein contents compared to the control. The results showed significant increase in the number of erythrocytes and leucocytes, as well as the level of hematocrit and hemoglobin in fish fed with supplemented diets. In addition, significant enhancement was observed in cases of serum parameters, including total protein, albumin, globulin, lysozyme, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and total immunoglobulins in T3 and T4 compared to the control. The lowest serum cortisol level was noticed in T3. Furthermore, the T3 group showed the highest activities of skin mucus lysozyme, alkaline phosphatase, and protease (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the present results demonstrated that Zingiber officinale extract at a 0.2% level can effectively improve the growth and health status of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghasem Mohammadi
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Ghasem Rashidian
- Aquaculture Department, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran
| | - Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | | | - Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Keaw Rd,Suthep,Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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27
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The Dietary Effect of Vitex agnus-castus Hydroalcoholic Extract on Growth Performance, Blood Biochemical Parameters, Carcass Quality, Sex Ratio and Gonad Histology in Zebrafish (Danio rerio). APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10041402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to consider the impact of Vitex agnus-castus hydroalcoholic extract, containing phytoestrogenic compounds on growth indices, sex ratio and histology of gonads of female Zebrafish. Fish larvae (4-day-old after hatching) were nourished with investigational diets (0 (control group T0), 5 g (T1), 10 g (T2) and 15 g (T3) kg−1 food) from first active feeding for 90 days. The results showed that Condition Factor (CF), Food Conversion Rate (FCR), Body Weight Gain (BWG), and Specific Growth Rate (SGR) were affected meaningfully by hydroalcoholic extract of Vitex agnus-castus (p < 0.05). These factors were significantly higher in compare to T3 treatment (p < 0.05). With increasing concentration of the extract in the diet, the ratio of female to male increased Treatment of T3 resulted in 87.23% feminization. Overall, this study suggests the use of T3 treatment achieves the best reproduction performance and a higher percentage of females in zebrafish as a model for aquaculture species. According to the results, the lowest levels of glucose and cholesterol were observed in T3 treatment and showed a significant changes with the control and treatments (p < 0.05).
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28
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Rashidian G, Rainis S, Prokić MD, Faggio C. Effects of different levels of carotenoids and light sources on swordtail fish (Xiphophorus helleri) growth, survival rate and reproductive parameters. Nat Prod Res 2020; 35:3675-3686. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1723091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ghasem Rashidian
- Aquaculture Department, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran
| | | | - Marko D. Prokić
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković” – National Institute of Republic of Serbia University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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29
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Rashidian G, Kajbaf K, Prokić MD, Faggio C. Extract of common mallow (Malvae sylvestris) enhances growth, immunity, and resistance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fingerlings against Yersinia ruckeri infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 96:254-261. [PMID: 31839587 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The dietary effects of a native medicinal plant from Iran, common mallow (Malvae sylvestris), was evaluated on growth performance, innate immune parameters, mucosal immune parameters, and resistance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) against Yersinia ruckeri. Therefore, 360 fish (initial weight 10.42 ± 0.09 g) were randomly distributed into 12 fiberglass tanks. Experimental diets supplemented with 0 (as control- C), 1% (M1), 3% (M2) and 5% (M3) levels of M. sylvestris flowers extract were fed to the fish based on 3% of body weight for 8 weeks. At the terminal sampling, growth performance, liver and digestive enzymes activities, blood and mucosal immune responses were determined. Results showed that M2 and M3 had greater final weight, weight gain, SGR, survival rate and lower FCR; higher levels of total protein, albumin, globulin, and lower cortisol levels in comparison to control; 5% extract also lowered cholesterol and glucose levels as well as Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) activity. We reported higher values of hematocrit, hemoglobin, Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH), Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), White Blood Cell (WBC), Red Blood Cell (RBC) and lymphocytes for treated groups. Innate immune responses (Alternative complement activity (ACH50) in M2 and M3 group, total Immunoglobulin (Ig) and lysozyme in M3), mucosal immune parameters (ACH50, total Ig for M2 and M3 group and lysozyme in all treated groups) were enhanced. Activities of digestive enzymes (protease in all treated groups, amylase for 3 and 5%, while lipase only for 5%) and lower activity of liver ALT enzyme in individuals treated with highest dose was observed. Overall results indicated that the extract can positively affect growth performance and immune responses of rainbow trout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghasem Rashidian
- Aquaculture Department, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran
| | - Kimia Kajbaf
- Aquaculture Research Institute, Department of Animal and Veterinary Science, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844, USA
| | - Marko D Prokić
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"- National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres, S. Agata, Messina, Italy.
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30
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Harikrishnan R, Devi G, Paray BA, Al-Sadoon MK, Hoseinifar SH, Gokul E. Study the immunomodulation of anthracenedione in striped dwarf catfish, Mystus vittatus against pathogenic bacteria, Aeromonas hydrophila. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 95:117-127. [PMID: 31629810 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Anthracenedione is a derivative of anthraquinone aromatic organic natural pigments found in senna, aloe latex, rhubarb, cascara, lichens, and fungi having broad range of bioactivity, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti-viral activities suggesting potential for clinical purpose of many diseases. The effect of anthracenedione enriched diet on growth, hematology, innate and adaptive immune parameters as well as protection from Aeromonas hydrophila in Mystus vittatus was reported. The weight gain, feed intake, specific growth rate (SGR), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were significantly increased in uninfected groups fed with 5 mg kg-1 diet. The red blood cells (RBC) and white blood cells (WBC) count and the percentage of lymphocytes were significantly augmented in both infected and uninfected groups feeding with any diet. The percentage of monocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils and the biochemical profile such as total protein, albumin, and globulin also were significantly increased in the infected and uninfected groups fed with 5 mg kg-1 enriched diet. The innate and adaptive immune parameters such as phagocytic activity, immunoglobulin M (IgM), respiratory burst activity, complement activity, and lysozyme activity were significantly increased in uninfected and infected groups fed with 5 or 10 mg kg-1 diets but not with 1 mg kg-1 diet. The serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity is significantly increased in the uninfected and infected fish fed with 5 mg kg-1 diet but the increase was not significantly observed in 1 or 10 mg kg-1 diets. The nitric oxide (NO) production is significantly elevated in both uninfected and infected groups fed with 5 mg kg-1 diet. On the other hand, the lymphocyte proliferation and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were significantly increased the infected and uninfected groups fed with 5 and 10 mg kg-1 diets. The cumulative mortality was found 5% with 1 and 5 mg kg-1 diet groups while it was observed 10% mortality with 10 mg kg-1 diet group. Based on the results, it is observed that feeding the uninfected and infected groups with 5 mg kg-1 anthracenedione diet resulted in better improvement of growth, hematological, biochemical, and innate as well as adaptive immune parameters in M. vittatus against A. hydrophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramasamy Harikrishnan
- Department of Zoology, Pachaiyappa's College for Men, Kanchipuram, 631 501, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gunapathy Devi
- Department of Zoology, Nehru Memorial College, Puthanampatti, 621 007, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bilal Ahmad Paray
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammad K Al-Sadoon
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Elumalai Gokul
- Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
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31
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Ma R, Fang W, Yang Z, Hu K. Liver proteome analysis of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) following treatment with enrofloxacin. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2019; 45:1941-1952. [PMID: 31399919 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-019-00690-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Enrofloxacin is widely used for the prevention and control of bacterial diseases in aquaculture. The liver is crucial for enrofloxacin metabolism, but enrofloxacin can induce liver damage. Herein, we explored proteomic changes in the liver of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) following treatment with enrofloxacin using isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) technology. All experiments included two biological replicates and blank controls. Among the 3082 proteins identified, 103 were differentially abundant, comprising 49 up- and 54 downregulated proteins. Gene Ontology (GO) annotation identified macromolecular complex (63.60%), intracellular non-membrane-bound organelle (51.50%), and non-membrane-bound organelle (51.50%) as the most enriched cellular component terms. Structural molecule activity (26.80%), structural constituent of ribosome (17.90%), and calcium ion binding (16.10%) were the top three molecular function terms. Organic substance biosynthetic process (37.80%), biosynthetic process (37.80%), and protein metabolic process (37.80%) were the top three biological process terms. The Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis found 17 enriched KEGG pathways, with protein digestion and absorption, extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interactions, and ribosome and focal adhesion the most significant (p < 0.001). Analysis of the most enriched pathways revealed that chymotrypsin-like precursor, pancreatic elastase precursor, Na+/K+ transporting ATPase, collagen, and dermatopontin were upregulated, while ribosomal proteins, alpha-actinin, and myosin light chain were downregulated. These findings suggest that enrofloxacin affects liver function and has a risk of inducing an inflammatory response in extrahepatic organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Ma
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhong Fang
- Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongying Yang
- Nanchang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, 330038, China
| | - Kun Hu
- College of Aquatic and Life, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, People's Republic of China.
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Hucheng Huan Road, Lingang New City, 201306, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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32
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Burgos-Aceves MA, Lionetti L, Faggio C. Multidisciplinary haematology as prognostic device in environmental and xenobiotic stress-induced response in fish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 670:1170-1183. [PMID: 31018433 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The variations of haematological parameters hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, leukocyte and erythrocyte count have been used as pollution and physiological indicators of organic dysfunction in both environmental and aquaculture studies. These parameters are commonly applied as prognostic and diagnostic tools in fish health status. However, there are both extrinsic and intrinsic factors to consider when performing a blood test, because a major limitation for field researchers is that the "rules" for animal or human haematology do not always apply to wildlife. The main objective of this review is to show how some environmental and xenobiotic factors are capable to modulating the haematic cells. Visualizing the strengths and limitations of a haematological analysis in the health assessment of wild and culture fish. Finally, we point out the importance of the use of mitochondrial activities as part of haematological evaluations associated to environment or aquaculture stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Alberto Burgos-Aceves
- Departament of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Lillà Lionetti
- Departament of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
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