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Xu B, Wang Z, Wang Y, Zhang K, Li J, Zhou L, Li B. Milk-derived Lactobacillus with high production of short-chain fatty acids relieves antibiotic-induced diarrhea in mice. Food Funct 2024; 15:5329-5342. [PMID: 38625681 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04706g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) is a common side effect during antibiotic treatment, and this has warranted research into alternative protocols. In this study, we investigated the potential therapeutic effects of three cohorts, Lactobacillus plantarum KLDS 1.0386, Lactobacillus acidophilus KLDS 1.0901 and a mixed strain of both, on intestinal inflammation, the intestinal mucosal barrier, and microbial community in mice with ampicillin-induced diarrhea. The results showed that Lactobacillus inhibited the activation of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines in the murine intestine, and alleviated the intestinal barrier damage and inflammation induced by ampicillin. In addition, Lactobacillus ameliorates intestinal epithelial barrier damage by increasing the expression of tight junction proteins and aquaporins. After Lactobacillus treatment, the diversity of gut microbiota increased significantly, and the composition and function of gut microbiota gradually recovered. In the gut microbiota, Bacteroidetes and Escherichia Shigella related to the synthesis of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were significantly affected by ampicillin, while Lactobacillus regulates the cascade of the microbial-SCFA signaling pathway, which greatly promoted the generation of SCFAs. Collectively, Lactobacillus showed better results in treating AAD, especially in mixed strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baofeng Xu
- China School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China.
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Zengbo Wang
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Yuqi Wang
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
- Heilongjiang Jinxiang Biochemical Co., LTD, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Kangyong Zhang
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Jian Li
- China School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Linyi Zhou
- China School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China.
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430000, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Bailiang Li
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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2
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Holcomb M, Marshall A, Flinn H, Lozano M, Soriano S, Gomez-Pinilla F, Treangen TJ, Villapol S. Probiotic treatment causes sex-specific neuroprotection after traumatic brain injury in mice. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4196801. [PMID: 38645104 PMCID: PMC11030542 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4196801/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Background Recent studies have shed light on the potential role of gut dysbiosis in shaping traumatic brain injury (TBI) outcomes. Changes in the levels and types of Lactobacillus bacteria present might impact the immune system disturbances, neuroinflammatory responses, anxiety and depressive-like behaviors, and compromised neuroprotection mechanisms triggered by TBI. Objective This study aimed to investigate the effects of a daily pan-probiotic (PP) mixture in drinking water containing strains of Lactobacillus plantarum, L. reuteri, L. helveticus, L. fermentum, L. rhamnosus, L. gasseri, and L. casei, administered for either two or seven weeks before inducing TBI on both male and female mice. Methods Mice were subjected to controlled cortical impact (CCI) injury. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) analysis was performed for metabolite measurements. The taxonomic profiles of murine fecal samples were evaluated using 16S rRNA V1-V3 sequencing analysis. Histological analyses were used to assess neuroinflammation and gut changes post-TBI, while behavioral tests were conducted to evaluate sensorimotor and cognitive functions. Results Our findings suggest that PP administration modulates the diversity and composition of the microbiome and increases the levels of SCFAs in a sex-dependent manner. We also observed a reduction of lesion volume, cell death, and microglial and macrophage activation after PP treatment following TBI in male mice. Furthermore, PP-treated mice show motor function improvements and decreases in anxiety and depressive-like behaviors. Conclusion Our findings suggest that PP administration can mitigate neuroinflammation and ameliorate motor and anxiety and depressive-like behavior deficits following TBI. These results underscore the potential of probiotic interventions as a viable therapeutic strategy to address TBI-induced impairments, emphasizing the need for gender-specific treatment approaches.
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Kumar S, Pattanaik AK, Jadhav SE, Jangir BL. Lactobacillus johnsonii CPN23 vis-à-vis Lactobacillus acidophilus NCDC15 Improves Gut Health, Intestinal Morphometry, and Histology in Weaned Wistar Rats. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024; 16:474-489. [PMID: 36976517 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10063-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
The present investigation was carried out with the aim to establish the comparative efficacy of a canine-sourced probiotic meant for canine feeding and a conventional dairy-sourced probiotic. For this purpose, canine-origin Lactobacillus johnsonii CPN23 and dairy-origin Lactobacillus acidophilus NCDC15 were evaluated for potential probiotics health benefits in the rat model. Forty-eight weaned Wistar rats enrolled in this experiment of 8 weeks were fed a basal diet and divided into three dietary treatments. Rats of group I enrolled as control (CON) were given MRS placebo at 1 mL/head/day, while rats of group II (LAJ) and III (LAC) were administered with overnight MRS broth grown-culture of L. johnsonii CPN23 and L. acidophilus NCDC15, respectively, at 1 mL/head/day (108 cfu/mL). The average daily gain and net gain in body weight were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in LAJ and LAC than in CON. Fecal and digesta biochemical attributes altered (p < 0.05) positively in response to both probiotics. Total fecal and pooled digesta SCFAs were higher (p < 0.05) in both LAJ and LAC than in CON. The microbial population in cecal and colonic digesta responded (p < 0.05) positively to both probiotics. The diameter of intestinal segments was higher (p < 005) in LAJ as compared to CON. The number and height of villi in jejunum tended to be higher in LAJ as compared to CON. The humoral immune response to sheep erythrocytes as well as chicken egg-white lysozyme was higher in LAJ as compared to CON. Overall, the results of the study have demonstrated the effectiveness of the canine-sourced L. johnsonii CPN23 as a potential probiotic, with a comparatively better response than the dairy-sourced L. acidophilus NCDC15. It could thus be recommended for use in feeding dogs to help augment their health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Kumar
- Clinical and Pet Nutrition Laboratory, Division of Animal Nutrition, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243 122, India
- Animal Nutrition Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132 001, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Pattanaik
- Clinical and Pet Nutrition Laboratory, Division of Animal Nutrition, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243 122, India.
| | - Sunil Ekanath Jadhav
- Clinical and Pet Nutrition Laboratory, Division of Animal Nutrition, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243 122, India
| | - Babu Lal Jangir
- Clinical and Pet Nutrition Laboratory, Division of Animal Nutrition, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243 122, India
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, 125 004, India
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Doolin ML, Dearing MD. Differential Effects of Two Common Antiparasitics on Microbiota Resilience. J Infect Dis 2024; 229:908-917. [PMID: 38036425 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parasitic infections challenge vertebrate health worldwide, and off-target effects of antiparasitic treatments may be an additional obstacle to recovery. However, there have been few investigations of the effects of antiparasitics on the gut microbiome in the absence of parasites. METHODS We investigated whether two common antiparasitics-albendazole (ALB) and metronidazole (MTZ)-significantly alter the gut microbiome of parasite-free mice. We treated mice with ALB or MTZ daily for 7 days and sampled the fecal microbiota immediately before and after treatment and again after a two-week recovery period. RESULTS ALB did not immediately change the gut microbiota, while MTZ decreased microbial richness by 8.5% and significantly changed community structure during treatment. The structural changes caused by MTZ included depletion of the beneficial family Lachnospiraceae, and predictive metagenomic analysis revealed that these losses likely depressed microbiome metabolic function. Separately, we compared the fecal microbiotas of treatment groups after recovery, and there were minor differences in community structure between the ALB, MTZ, and sham-treated control groups. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that a healthy microbiome is resilient after MTZ-induced depletions of beneficial gut microbes, and ALB may cause slight, latent shifts in the microbiota but does not deplete healthy gut microbiota diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret L Doolin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - M Denise Dearing
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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Capadona J, Hoeferlin G, Grabinski S, Druschel L, Duncan J, Burkhart G, Weagraff G, Lee A, Hong C, Bambroo M, Olivares H, Bajwa T, Memberg W, Sweet J, Hamedani HA, Acharya A, Hernandez-Reynoso A, Donskey C, Jaskiw G, Chan R, Ajiboye A, von Recum H, Zhang L. Bacteria Invade the Brain Following Sterile Intracortical Microelectrode Implantation. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3980065. [PMID: 38496527 PMCID: PMC10942555 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3980065/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Brain-machine interface performance is largely affected by the neuroinflammatory responses resulting in large part from blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage following intracortical microelectrode implantation. Recent findings strongly suggest that certain gut bacterial constituents penetrate the BBB and are resident in various brain regions of rodents and humans, both in health and disease. Therefore, we hypothesized that damage to the BBB caused by microelectrode implantation could amplify dysregulation of the microbiome-gut-brain axis. Here, we report that bacteria, including those commonly found in the gut, enter the brain following intracortical microelectrode implantation in mice implanted with single-shank silicon microelectrodes. Systemic antibiotic treatment of mice implanted with microelectrodes to suppress bacteria resulted in differential expression of bacteria in the brain tissue and a reduced acute inflammatory response compared to untreated controls, correlating with temporary improvements in microelectrode recording performance. Long-term antibiotic treatment resulted in worsening microelectrode recording performance and dysregulation of neurodegenerative pathways. Fecal microbiome composition was similar between implanted mice and an implanted human, suggesting translational findings. However, a significant portion of invading bacteria was not resident in the brain or gut. Together, the current study established a paradigm-shifting mechanism that may contribute to chronic intracortical microelectrode recording performance and affect overall brain health following intracortical microelectrode implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ricky Chan
- Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University
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Zhong Y, Huang W, Zheng Y, Chen T, Liu C. Alginate-coated pomelo pith cellulose matrix for probiotic encapsulation and controlled release. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:130143. [PMID: 38367775 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
A novel carrier comprised of ethanol- and alkali-modified cellulosic pomelo pith matrix coated with alginate was developed to improve viability while enabling gastrointestinal release of probiotics. Scanning electron microscopy imaging revealed the agricultural byproduct had a honeycomb-structured cellulose framework, enabling high loading capacity of the probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum up to 9 log CFU/g. Ethanol treatment opened up pores with an average diameter of 97 μm, while alkali treatment increased swelling and porosity, with an average pore size of 51 μm. The survival rate through the stomach was increased from 89.76 % to 91.08 % and 91.24 % after ethanol and alkali modification, respectively. The control group displayed minimal release in the first 4 h followed by a burst release. Both ethanol modification and alkali modification resulted in constant linear release over time. The release time was prolonged when decreasing the width of the pomelo peel rolls from 10 mm to 5 mm while keeping the volume of the peel constant. After 8 weeks of refrigerated storage, the cellulose-encapsulated probiotics retained viability above 7 log CFU/g. This study demonstrates the potential of the structurally intact, sustainably-sourced cellulosic pomelo pith for probiotic encapsulation and controlled delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yejun Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science, Nanchang University, 235 East Nanjing Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China; School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Wenrong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science, Nanchang University, 235 East Nanjing Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Yawen Zheng
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science, Nanchang University, 235 East Nanjing Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China.
| | - Chengmei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science, Nanchang University, 235 East Nanjing Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
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Cajka T, Hricko J, Rakusanova S, Brejchova K, Novakova M, Rudl Kulhava L, Hola V, Paucova M, Fiehn O, Kuda O. Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography-Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange-Mass Spectrometry (HILIC-HDX-MS) for Untargeted Metabolomics. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2899. [PMID: 38474147 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based metabolomics detects thousands of molecular features (retention time-m/z pairs) in biological samples per analysis, yet the metabolite annotation rate remains low, with 90% of signals classified as unknowns. To enhance the metabolite annotation rates, researchers employ tandem mass spectral libraries and challenging in silico fragmentation software. Hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) may offer an additional layer of structural information in untargeted metabolomics, especially for identifying specific unidentified metabolites that are revealed to be statistically significant. Here, we investigate the potential of hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC)-HDX-MS in untargeted metabolomics. Specifically, we evaluate the effectiveness of two approaches using hypothetical targets: the post-column addition of deuterium oxide (D2O) and the on-column HILIC-HDX-MS method. To illustrate the practical application of HILIC-HDX-MS, we apply this methodology using the in silico fragmentation software MS-FINDER to an unknown compound detected in various biological samples, including plasma, serum, tissues, and feces during HILIC-MS profiling, subsequently identified as N1-acetylspermidine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Cajka
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Hricko
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislava Rakusanova
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Brejchova
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Novakova
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Rudl Kulhava
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Hola
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Paucova
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Oliver Fiehn
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California, Davis, 451 Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Ondrej Kuda
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic
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Gupta VK, Rajendraprasad S, Ozkan M, Ramachandran D, Ahmad S, Bakken JS, Laudanski K, Gajic O, Bauer B, Zec S, Freeman DW, Khanna S, Shah A, Skalski JH, Sung J, Karnatovskaia LV. Safety, feasibility, and impact on the gut microbiome of kefir administration in critically ill adults. BMC Med 2024; 22:80. [PMID: 38378568 PMCID: PMC10880344 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03299-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome is frequent in the intensive care unit (ICU), potentially leading to a heightened risk of nosocomial infections. Enhancing the gut microbiome has been proposed as a strategic approach to mitigate potential adverse outcomes. While prior research on select probiotic supplements has not successfully shown to improve gut microbial diversity, fermented foods offer a promising alternative. In this open-label phase I safety and feasibility study, we examined the safety and feasibility of kefir as an initial step towards utilizing fermented foods to mitigate gut dysbiosis in critically ill patients. METHODS We administered kefir in escalating doses (60 mL, followed by 120 mL after 12 h, then 240 mL daily) to 54 critically ill patients with an intact gastrointestinal tract. To evaluate kefir's safety, we monitored for gastrointestinal symptoms. Feasibility was determined by whether patients received a minimum of 75% of their assigned kefir doses. To assess changes in the gut microbiome composition following kefir administration, we collected two stool samples from 13 patients: one within 72 h of admission to the ICU and another at least 72 h after the first stool sample. RESULTS After administering kefir, none of the 54 critically ill patients exhibited signs of kefir-related bacteremia. No side effects like bloating, vomiting, or aspiration were noted, except for diarrhea in two patients concurrently on laxatives. Out of the 393 kefir doses prescribed for all participants, 359 (91%) were successfully administered. We were able to collect an initial stool sample from 29 (54%) patients and a follow-up sample from 13 (24%) patients. Analysis of the 26 paired samples revealed no increase in gut microbial α-diversity between the two timepoints. However, there was a significant improvement in the Gut Microbiome Wellness Index (GMWI) by the second timepoint (P = 0.034, one-sided Wilcoxon signed-rank test); this finding supports our hypothesis that kefir administration can improve gut health in critically ill patients. Additionally, the known microbial species in kefir were found to exhibit varying levels of engraftment in patients' guts. CONCLUSIONS Providing kefir to critically ill individuals is safe and feasible. Our findings warrant a larger evaluation of kefir's safety, tolerability, and impact on gut microbiome dysbiosis in patients admitted to the ICU. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT05416814; trial registered on June 13, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod K Gupta
- Microbiome Program, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Surgery Research, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sanu Rajendraprasad
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mahmut Ozkan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Sumera Ahmad
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Johan S Bakken
- Section of Infectious Diseases, St Luke's Hospital, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - Krzysztof Laudanski
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ognjen Gajic
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Brent Bauer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Simon Zec
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David W Freeman
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Sahil Khanna
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Aditya Shah
- Division of Public Health, Infectious Diseases, and Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Joseph H Skalski
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jaeyun Sung
- Microbiome Program, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
- Division of Surgery Research, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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Rahman MN, Barua N, Tin MC, Dharmaratne P, Wong SH, Ip M. The use of probiotics and prebiotics in decolonizing pathogenic bacteria from the gut; a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical outcomes. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2356279. [PMID: 38778521 PMCID: PMC11123511 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2356279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Repeated exposure to antibiotics and changes in the diet and environment shift the gut microbial diversity and composition, making the host susceptible to pathogenic infection. The emergence and ongoing spread of AMR pathogens is a challenging public health issue. Recent evidence showed that probiotics and prebiotics may play a role in decolonizing drug-resistant pathogens by enhancing the colonization resistance in the gut. This review aims to analyze available evidence from human-controlled trials to determine the effect size of probiotic interventions in decolonizing AMR pathogenic bacteria from the gut. We further studied the effects of prebiotics in human and animal studies. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and CINAHL were used to collect articles. The random-effects model meta-analysis was used to pool the data. GRADE Pro and Cochrane collaboration tools were used to assess the bias and quality of evidence. Out of 1395 citations, 29 RCTs were eligible, involving 2871 subjects who underwent either probiotics or placebo treatment to decolonize AMR pathogens. The persistence of pathogenic bacteria after treatment was 22%(probiotics) and 30.8%(placebo). The pooled odds ratio was 0.59(95% CI:0.43-0.81), favoring probiotics with moderate certainty (p = 0.0001) and low heterogeneity (I2 = 49.2%, p = 0.0001). The funnel plot showed no asymmetry in the study distribution (Kendall'sTau = -1.06, p = 0.445). In subgroup, C. difficile showed the highest decolonization (82.4%) in probiotics group. Lactobacillus-based probiotics and Saccharomyces boulardii decolonize 71% and 77% of pathogens effectively. The types of probiotics (p < 0.018) and pathogens (p < 0.02) significantly moderate the outcome of decolonization, whereas the dosages and regions of the studies were insignificant (p < 0.05). Prebiotics reduced the pathogens from 30% to 80% of initial challenges. Moderate certainty of evidence suggests that probiotics and prebiotics may decolonize pathogens through modulation of gut diversity. However, more clinical outcomes are required on particular strains to confirm the decolonization of the pathogens. Protocol registration: PROSPERO (ID = CRD42021276045).
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Nannur Rahman
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sha Tin, N.T., Hong Kong (SAR), China
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Nilakshi Barua
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sha Tin, N.T., Hong Kong (SAR), China
| | - Martha C.F. Tin
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College of London, London, UK
| | - Priyanga Dharmaratne
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sha Tin, N.T., Hong Kong (SAR), China
| | - Sunny H. Wong
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Margaret Ip
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sha Tin, N.T., Hong Kong (SAR), China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sha Tin, N.T., Hong Kong (SAR), China
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Ma G, Shi Y, Meng L, Fan H, Tang X, Luo H, Wang D, Zhou J, Xiao X. Factors affecting the early establishment of neonatal intestinal flora and its intervention measures. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1295111. [PMID: 38106467 PMCID: PMC10722192 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1295111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, it has become evident that early-life intestinal flora plays a pivotal role in determining human health. Consequently, it is imperative to explore the establishment of neonatal intestinal flora and its influencing factors. Early neonatal intestinal flora is influenced by a multitude of factors, including maternal and infant-related factors, as well as external environment. This review summarizes the colonization mechanism of intestinal flora in the early life of newborns and discussed their influence on the establishment of neonatal intestinal flora, taking into account factors such as delivery mode, gestational age and feeding mode. Additionally, this review delves into the natural or artificial reconstruction of intestinal flora colonization defects in infants born via cesarean section and premature infants, with the goal of establishing a theoretical foundation for preventing and treating issues related to neonatal intestinal flora colonization and associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuguo Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lulu Meng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haolong Fan
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments and Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaomei Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huijuan Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongju Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomin Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Xiong D, Chen Y, Zhu S, Liu L, Zhao L, Zeng C, Li Y, Wang H, Tu L, Zou K, Hou X, Yang L, Zhu L, Bai T. Exploring the relationship between urinary phthalate metabolites and Crohn's disease via oxidative stress, and the potential moderating role of gut microbiota: A conditional mediation model. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 208:468-477. [PMID: 37690673 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Interactions between phthalic acid esters (PAEs) exposure and Crohn's disease (CD) were unknown. This study aims to examine the association between exposure to PAEs and CD activity and to explore the roles of oxidative stress and microbiota. METHODS A cross-sectional study with 127 CD patients was conducted. The disease activity was evaluated based on symptoms (Harvey-Bradshaw index, HBI), endoscopy findings (Simple Endoscopic Score for CD, SES-CD), and computed tomography enterography (CTE-scores). Ten urinary PAEs metabolites (mPAEs), two urinary oxidative stress biomarkers, including 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and 8-iso-prostaglandin-F2α (8-iso-PGF2α), as well as 16S rRNA sequencing of stool samples were determined. Multiple linear regression models and Hayes's PROCESS macro for SPSS were used to evaluate the interplays between urinary PAEs metabolites, CD activities, oxidative stress, and microbiota diversity. RESULTS There were positive associations between most mPAEs and HBI. Oxidative stress mediated 20.69-89.29% of the indirect associations between low molecular weight (LMW) mPAEs and HBI, while the majority of the high molecular weight (HMW) mPAEs were directly associated with HBI. In addition, microbiota diversity moderated the indirect associations of LMW mPAEs on HBI. CONCLUSIONS PAEs exposure was related to CD activity, and the association could be mediated by oxidative stress and reversed or alleviated by rich gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danping Xiong
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Youli Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Siran Zhu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Linlin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Wuhan, China
| | - Cui Zeng
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanling Li
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Tu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kaifang Zou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohua Hou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liangle Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Wuhan, China.
| | - Liangru Zhu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Tao Bai
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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12
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Houghton CA. The Rationale for Sulforaphane Favourably Influencing Gut Homeostasis and Gut-Organ Dysfunction: A Clinician's Hypothesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13448. [PMID: 37686253 PMCID: PMC10487861 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the increasing scientific, clinical and consumer interest in highly prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorders, appropriate therapeutic strategies are needed to address the many aspects of digestive dysfunction. Accumulating evidence for the crucifer-derived bioactive molecule sulforaphane in upstream cellular defence mechanisms highlights its potential as a therapeutic candidate in targeting functional gastrointestinal conditions, as well as systemic disorders. This article catalogues the evolution of and rationale for a hypothesis that multifunctional sulforaphane can be utilised as the initial step in restoring the ecology of the gut ecosystem; it can do this primarily by targeting the functions of intestinal epithelial cells. A growing body of work has identified the colonocyte as the driver of dysbiosis, such that targeting gut epithelial function could provide an alternative to targeting the microbes themselves for the remediation of microbial dysbiosis. The hypothesis discussed herein has evolved over several years and is supported by case studies showing the application of sulforaphane in gastrointestinal disorders, related food intolerance, and several systemic conditions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time the effects of sulforaphane have been reported in a clinical environment, with several of its key properties within the gut ecosystem appearing to be related to its nutrigenomic effects on gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine A. Houghton
- Institute for Nutrigenomic Medicine, Cleveland, QLD 4163, Australia; ; Tel.: +617-3488-0385
- Cell-Logic, 132-140 Ross Court, Cleveland, QLD 4163, Australia
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13
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Hoedt EC, Hueston CM, Cash N, Bongers RS, Keane JM, van Limpt K, Ben Amor K, Knol J, MacSharry J, van Sinderen D. A synbiotic mixture of selected oligosaccharides and bifidobacteria assists murine gut microbiota restoration following antibiotic challenge. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:168. [PMID: 37528457 PMCID: PMC10394833 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01595-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Typically, animal models studying gastrointestinal microbiotas compromised in early life have employed either germ-free animals or mice treated with a cocktail of antibiotics. Such studies intend to mimic scenarios of infants born by caesarean section and/or subjected to antibiotic treatment. However, the antibiotics used in these studies are rarely prescribed to infants. Therefore, an early life model was developed in which the murine gastrointestinal microbiota was severely disrupted by clindamycin treatment. RESULTS In this mouse model, we investigated the extent supplementation with a synbiotic mixture of prebiotics, being scGOS/lcFOS with the human milk oligosaccharide 2'-Fucosyllactose (2'-FL), in combination with or without single strain or mix of "infant type" bifidobacteria, can rescue an antibiotic-compromised microbiota. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing showed that the microbiota was severely disrupted by the clindamycin challenge. No recovery was observed 3 weeks post-challenge in the scGOS/lcFOS/2'FL group, while the group that received the synbiotic treatment of scGOS/lcFOS/2'-FL with Bifidobacterium breve NRBB01 showed partial recovery. Strikingly in the scGOS/lcFOS/2'-FL group receiving the mixture of bifidobacteria resulted in a recovery of the microbiota disruption. Histological analyses showed that the clindamycin-treated animals at the end of the experiment still suffered from mild oedema and villi/colonic crypt irregularities which was ameliorated by the synbiotic intervention. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that supplementation of synbiotic mixture of scGOS/lcFOS/2'-FL in combination with a specific mix of infant-type bifidobacterial strains is able to partially revive an antibiotic-perturbed gastrointestinal microbiota. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily C Hoedt
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Western Road, Cork, Ireland
- Current address: NHMRC CRE in Digestive Health, HMRI, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Cara M Hueston
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Western Road, Cork, Ireland
| | - Nora Cash
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Western Road, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Jonathan M Keane
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Western Road, Cork, Ireland
| | | | | | - Jan Knol
- Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - John MacSharry
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Western Road, Cork, Ireland.
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Western Road, Cork, Ireland.
- School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Douwe van Sinderen
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Western Road, Cork, Ireland.
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Western Road, Cork, Ireland.
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14
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Frias H, Murga Valderrama NL, Flores GJ, Cornejo VG, Del Solar JC, Romani AC, Bardales W, Segura GT, Polveiro RC, Vieira DDS, Lopez Lapa RM, Maicelo Quintana JL. An analysis of the cecum microbiome of three breeds of the guinea pig: Andina, Inti, and Peru. Res Vet Sci 2023; 161:50-61. [PMID: 37321011 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of host genetics on the structure and composition of the cecum microbiota of three breeds of guinea pigs: Andina, Inti, and Peru. Fifteen guinea pigs were distributed into three groups according to their breed: Andina (5), Inti (5), and Peru (5). We discovered that four main phyla were shared between the three breeds: Bacteroidota, Firmicutes, Spirochaetota, and Synergistota. Although there were no significant differences in the alpha and beta diversity analysis, we found that the Linear discriminant analysis effect size and the heat tree analysis showed significant differences between the abundance of several taxa present in the cecum microbiome of the three breeds. These results suggest that host genetics could be a factor in the structure and composition of the guinea pig cecum microbiome. In addition, we found unique genera for each breed that have fermentation capacity and, therefore can be analyzed in further studies to determine if there is a functional relationship between them and the breed and its industrial profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Frias
- Academic Department of Zootechnics, Faculty of Zootechnical Engineering, Agribusiness and Biotechnology, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas, Peru
| | - Nilton Luis Murga Valderrama
- Livestock and Biotechnology Research Institute, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas, Peru
| | - Gary J Flores
- Livestock and Biotechnology Research Institute, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas, Peru
| | - Victor G Cornejo
- Livestock and Biotechnology Research Institute, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas, Peru
| | - Jakson Ch Del Solar
- Livestock and Biotechnology Research Institute, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas, Peru
| | - Ana C Romani
- Livestock and Biotechnology Research Institute, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas, Peru
| | - William Bardales
- Laboratory of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Livestock and Biotechnology Research Institute, Faculty of Zootechnical Engineering, Agribusiness, and Biotechnology, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas, Peru
| | - G T Segura
- Livestock and Biotechnology Research Institute, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas, Peru
| | - Richard C Polveiro
- Laboratory of Bacterial Diseases, Sector of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, Department of Veterinary, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Dielson da S Vieira
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Rainer M Lopez Lapa
- Livestock and Biotechnology Research Institute, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas, Peru; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Peru.
| | - Jorge Luis Maicelo Quintana
- Livestock and Biotechnology Research Institute, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas, Peru
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15
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Cuna A, Nsumu M, Menden HL, Chavez-Bueno S, Sampath V. The Detrimental Effects of Peripartum Antibiotics on Gut Proliferation and Formula Feeding Injury in Neonatal Mice Are Alleviated with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1482. [PMID: 37374984 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripartum antibiotics can negatively impact the developing gut microbiome and are associated with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). The mechanisms by which peripartum antibiotics increase the risk of NEC and strategies that can help mitigate this risk remain poorly understood. In this study, we determined mechanisms by which peripartum antibiotics increase neonatal gut injury and evaluated whether probiotics protect against gut injury potentiated by peripartum antibiotics. To accomplish this objective, we administered broad-spectrum antibiotics or sterile water to pregnant C57BL6 mice and induced neonatal gut injury to their pups with formula feeding. We found that pups exposed to antibiotics had reduced villus height, crypt depth, and intestinal olfactomedin 4 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen compared to the controls, indicating that peripartum antibiotics impaired intestinal proliferation. When formula feeding was used to induce NEC-like injury, more severe intestinal injury and apoptosis were observed in the pups exposed to antibiotics compared to the controls. Supplementation with the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) reduced the severity of formula-induced gut injury potentiated by antibiotics. Increased intestinal proliferating cell nuclear antigen and activation of the Gpr81-Wnt pathway were noted in the pups supplemented with LGG, suggesting partial restoration of intestinal proliferation by probiotics. We conclude that peripartum antibiotics potentiate neonatal gut injury by inhibiting intestinal proliferation. LGG supplementation decreases gut injury by activating the Gpr81-Wnt pathway and restoring intestinal proliferation impaired by peripartum antibiotics. Our results suggest that postnatal probiotics may be effective in mitigating the increased risk of NEC associated with peripartum antibiotic exposure in preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Cuna
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
- School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Marianne Nsumu
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Heather L Menden
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Susana Chavez-Bueno
- School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Venkatesh Sampath
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
- School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
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16
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Fajnzylber J, Patterson W, Deshpande A. Probiotics for primary prevention of Clostridioides difficile infection: revisiting the evidence. Curr Med Res Opin 2023; 39:889-891. [PMID: 37078551 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2023.2205333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Prophylactic probiotics have been shown to be effective in preventing Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), according to multiple meta-analyses. However, different medical societies have varying recommendations on their use for preventing CDI. In this commentary, we discuss current evidence for probiotic use in primary prevention of CDI and the issues raised by professional societies when evaluating the evidence. We highlight four areas for future improvement: considering baseline risk for CDI, timing of probiotics with antibiotics, combining efficacy data from different probiotic strains, and safety. All societies agree on the need for more high-quality and adequately powered randomized controlled trials to further strengthen the evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse Fajnzylber
- Department of Education, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Will Patterson
- Department of Education, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Abhishek Deshpande
- Department of Education, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Cleveland Clinic, Center for Value-Based Care Research, Cleveland Clinic Community Care, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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17
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Duarte ME, Stahl CH, Kim SW. Intestinal Damages by F18 +Escherichia coli and Its Amelioration with an Antibacterial Bacitracin Fed to Nursery Pigs. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051040. [PMID: 37237906 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated intestinal oxidative damage caused by F18+Escherichia coli and its amelioration with antibacterial bacitracin fed to nursery pigs. Thirty-six weaned pigs (6.31 ± 0.08 kg BW) were allotted in a randomized complete block design. Treatments were: NC, not challenged/not treated; PC, challenged (F18+E. coli at 5.2 × 109 CFU)/not treated; AGP challenged (F18+E. coli at 5.2 × 109 CFU)/treated with bacitracin (30 g/t). Overall, PC reduced (p < 0.05) average daily gain (ADG), gain to feed ratio (G:F), villus height, and villus height to crypt depth ratio (VH:CD), whereas AGP increased (p < 0.05) ADG, and G:F. PC increased (p < 0.05) fecal score, F18+E. coli in feces, and protein carbonyl in jejunal mucosa. AGP reduced (p < 0.05) fecal score and F18+E. coli in jejunal mucosa. PC reduced (p < 0.05) Prevotella stercorea populations in jejunal mucosa, whereas AGP increased (p < 0.05) Phascolarctobacterium succinatutens and reduced (p < 0.05) Mitsuokella jalaludinii populations in feces. Collectively, F18+E. coli challenge increased fecal score and disrupted the microbiota composition, harming intestinal health by increasing oxidative stress, and damaging the intestinal epithelium, ultimately impairing growth performance. Dietary bacitracin reduced reduced F18+E. coli populations and the oxidative damages they cause, thereby improving intestinal health and the growth performance of nursery pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Elias Duarte
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Chad H Stahl
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Sung Woo Kim
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
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18
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Ait Chait Y, Mottawea W, Tompkins TA, Hammami R. Evidence of the Dysbiotic Effect of Psychotropics on Gut Microbiota and Capacity of Probiotics to Alleviate Related Dysbiosis in a Model of the Human Colon. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087326. [PMID: 37108487 PMCID: PMC10138884 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence indicates that non-antibiotic therapeutics significantly impact human health by modulating gut microbiome composition and metabolism. In this study, we investigated the impact of two psychotropic drugs, aripiprazole and (S)-citalopram, on gut microbiome composition and its metabolic activity, as well as the potential of probiotics to attenuate related dysbiosis using an ex vivo model of the human colon. After 48 h of fermentation, the two psychotropics demonstrated distinct modulatory effects on the gut microbiome. Aripiprazole, at the phylum level, significantly decreased the relative abundances of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria, while increasing the proportion of Proteobacteria. Moreover, the families Lachnospiraceae, Lactobacillaceae, and Erysipelotrichaceae were also reduced by aripiprazole treatment compared to the control group. In addition, aripiprazole lowered the levels of butyrate, propionate, and acetate, as measured by gas chromatography (GC). On the other hand, (S)-citalopram increased the alpha diversity of microbial taxa, with no differences observed between groups at the family and genus level. Furthermore, a probiotic combination of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus HA-114 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175 alleviated gut microbiome alterations and increased the production of short-chain fatty acids to a similar level as the control. These findings provide compelling evidence that psychotropics modulate the composition and function of the gut microbiome, while the probiotic can mitigate related dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmina Ait Chait
- NuGut Research Platform, School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Walid Mottawea
- NuGut Research Platform, School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | | | - Riadh Hammami
- NuGut Research Platform, School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
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19
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Kacimi FE, Ed-Day S, Didou L, Azzaoui FZ, Ramchoun M, Arfaoui A, Boulbaroud S. Narrative Review: The Effect of Vitamin A Deficiency on Gut Microbiota and Their Link with Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Diet Suppl 2023; 21:116-134. [PMID: 36905650 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2023.2179154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a group of neurodevelopmental disorders defined by a lack of social behaviors, repetitive behaviors and nonverbal interactions, such as limited eye contact, facial expression, and body gesturing. It is not a single condition, but rather a multi-factorial disorder caused by hereditary and non-genetic risk factors, as well as their interaction. According to several studies, the gut microbiota may have a role in the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorder. Various studies have found differences in the composition of the gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota in children with ASD compared to unaffected siblings and/or healthy unrelated controls. The processes that relate the gut microbiota to brain dysfunctions (the gut-brain axis) in ASD are yet to be fully understood. However, the differences in the gastrointestinal composition might be due to vitamin A deficiency because vitamin A (VA) plays a role in the regulation of the intestinal microbiota. This narrative review discusses the impact of vitamin A deficiency on the gut microbiota composition and tries to understand how this may contribute for the development and severity of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Ezzahra Kacimi
- Biotechnology and Sustainable Development of Natural Resources Unit, Polydisciplinary Faculty, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, Morocco
| | - Soumia Ed-Day
- Equip of Clinic and Cognitive Neurosciences and Health, Laboratory of Biology and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra, Morocco
| | - Latifa Didou
- Equip of Clinic and Cognitive Neurosciences and Health, Laboratory of Biology and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra, Morocco
| | - Fatima Zahra Azzaoui
- Equip of Clinic and Cognitive Neurosciences and Health, Laboratory of Biology and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra, Morocco
| | - Mhamed Ramchoun
- Biotechnology and Sustainable Development of Natural Resources Unit, Polydisciplinary Faculty, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, Morocco
| | - Asma Arfaoui
- Biotechnology and Sustainable Development of Natural Resources Unit, Polydisciplinary Faculty, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, Morocco
| | - Samira Boulbaroud
- Biotechnology and Sustainable Development of Natural Resources Unit, Polydisciplinary Faculty, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, Morocco
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20
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Cuna A, Morowitz MJ, Sampath V. Early antibiotics and risk for necrotizing enterocolitis in premature infants: A narrative review. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1112812. [PMID: 36865691 PMCID: PMC9971631 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1112812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
While prompt initiation of antibiotics at birth due to concerns for early onset sepsis is common, it often leads to many preterm infants being exposed to treatment despite negative blood cultures. Such exposure to early antibiotics can impact the developing gut microbiome putting infants at increased risk of several diseases. Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), a devastating inflammatory bowel disease that affects preterm infants, is among the most widely studied neonatal disease that has been linked to early antibiotics. While some studies have demonstrated an increased risk of NEC, other studies have demonstrated seemingly contrary findings of decreased NEC with early antibiotics. Studies using animal models have also yielded differing findings of benefit vs. harm of early antibiotic exposure on subsequent NEC susceptibility. We thus sought to conduct this narrative review to help clarify the relationship between early antibiotics exposure and future risk of NEC in preterm infants. Our objectives are to: (1) summarize findings from human and animal studies that investigated the relationship between early antibiotics and NEC, (2) highlight important limitations of these studies, (3) explore potential mechanisms that can explain why early antibiotics may increase or decrease NEC risk, and (4) identify future directions for research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Cuna
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MOUnited States
- School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MOUnited States
| | - Michael J. Morowitz
- Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PAUnited States
- School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Venkatesh Sampath
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MOUnited States
- School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MOUnited States
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21
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Liang D, Wu F, Zhou D, Tan B, Chen T. Commercial probiotic products in public health: current status and potential limitations. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 64:6455-6476. [PMID: 36688290 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2169858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Consumption of commercial probiotics for health improvement and disease treatment has increased in popularity among the public in recent years. The local shops and pharmacies are brimming with various probiotic products such as probiotic food, dietary supplement and pharmaceuticals that herald a range of health benefits, from nutraceutical benefits to pharmaceutical effects. However, although the probiotic market is expanding rapidly, there is increasing evidence challenging it. Emerging insights from microbiome research and public health demonstrate several potential limitations of the natural properties, regulatory frameworks, and market consequences of commercial probiotics. In this review, we highlight the potential safety and performance issues of the natural properties of commercial probiotics, from the genetic level to trait characteristics and probiotic properties and further to the probiotic-host interaction. Besides, the diverse regulatory frameworks and confusing probiotic guidelines worldwide have led to product consequences such as pathogenic contamination, overstated claims, inaccurate labeling and counterfeit trademarks for probiotic products. Here, we propose a plethora of available methods and strategies related to strain selection and modification, safety and efficacy assessment, and some recommendations for regulatory agencies to address these limitations to guarantee sustainability and progress in the probiotic industry and improve long-term public health and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingfa Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Fei Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Dexi Zhou
- National Engineering Research Centre for Bioengineering Drugs and Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Buzhen Tan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Tingtao Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China
- National Engineering Research Centre for Bioengineering Drugs and Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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22
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Advances in Lactobacillus Restoration for β-Lactam Antibiotic-Induced Dysbiosis: A System Review in Intestinal Microbiota and Immune Homeostasis. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11010179. [PMID: 36677471 PMCID: PMC9861108 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11010179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A balanced gut microbiota and their metabolites are necessary for the maintenance of the host's health. The antibiotic-induced dysbiosis can cause the disturbance of the microbial community, influence the immune homeostasis and induce susceptibility to metabolic- or immune-mediated disorders and diseases. The Lactobacillus and their metabolites or components affect the function of the host's immune system and result in microbiota-mediated restoration. Recent data have indicated that, by altering the composition and functions of gut microbiota, antibiotic exposure can also lead to a number of specific pathologies, hence, understanding the potential mechanisms of the interactions between gut microbiota dysbiosis and immunological homeostasis is very important. The Lactobacillus strategies for detecting the associations between the restoration of the relatively imbalanced microbiome and gut diseases are provided in this discussion. In this review, we discuss the recently discovered connections between microbial communities and metabolites in the Lactobacillus treatment of β-lactam antibiotic-induced dysbiosis, and establish the relationship between commensal bacteria and host immunity under this imbalanced homeostasis of the gut microbiota.
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23
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Merenstein D, Pot B, Leyer G, Ouwehand AC, Preidis GA, Elkins CA, Hill C, Lewis ZT, Shane AL, Zmora N, Petrova MI, Collado MC, Morelli L, Montoya GA, Szajewska H, Tancredi DJ, Sanders ME. Emerging issues in probiotic safety: 2023 perspectives. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2185034. [PMID: 36919522 PMCID: PMC10026873 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2185034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are used for both generally healthy consumers and in clinical settings. However, theoretical and proven adverse events from probiotic consumption exist. New probiotic strains and products, as well as expanding use of probiotics into vulnerable populations, warrants concise, and actionable recommendations on how to work toward their safe and effective use. The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics convened a meeting to discuss and produce evidence-based recommendations on potential acute and long-term risks, risks to vulnerable populations, the importance for probiotic product quality to match the needs of vulnerable populations, and the need for adverse event reporting related to probiotic use. The importance of whole genome sequencing, which enables determination of virulence, toxin, and antibiotic resistance genes, as well as clear assignment of species and strain identity, is emphasized. We present recommendations to guide the scientific and medical community on judging probiotic safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Merenstein
- Department of Family Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC USA
| | - Bruno Pot
- Yakult Europe BV, Almere, Netherlands
| | | | - Arthur C Ouwehand
- Global Health & Nutrition Sciences, International Flavors & Fragrances, Kantvik, Finland
| | - Geoffrey A Preidis
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christopher A Elkins
- Clinical and Environmental Microbiology Branch, Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Colin Hill
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Andrea L Shane
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory Children's Center, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Niv Zmora
- Scientific consultant, Elinav Lab, Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Maria Carmen Collado
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology-National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Morelli
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Gina A Montoya
- Department of Chemical Risk Assessment, Nestlé S.A., Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hania Szajewska
- Department of Paediatrics, The Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Daniel J Tancredi
- Department of Pediatrics, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Mary Ellen Sanders
- International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics, Centennial, CO, USA
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24
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Liu T, Hu X, Chen P, Zhang R, Zhang S, Chang W, Wang J, Wang S. Effect of partially hydrolyzed guar gum on the composition and metabolic function of the intestinal flora of healthy mice. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14508. [PMID: 36332190 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG), a water-soluble dietary fiber, has shown beneficial physiological effects in various disease models and is used as a prebiotic to regulate intestinal function. However, its role in healthy states remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of PHGG on gut flora composition and predict metabolic function in healthy mice. Our study showed that PHGG supplementation had significant duration-dependent effects on the composition and function of the intestinal flora of healthy mice. In specific, although the long-term supplementation of PHGG may increase the abundance of some beneficial bacterial species and promote beneficial phenotypes, it may also cause increased body weight and decreased abundance and diversity of gut microorganisms. Therefore, the long-term use of PHGG as a nutritional product still requires further investigation. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: As the importance of the gut microbiota has become more widely recognized, interventions that modulate the microbiome and its interaction with the host have gained much attention. While the capability of some prebiotics has largely been shown to have many beneficial effects, the evidence leaves much desirable, and microbiota regulation is explored differently in healthy or diseased states. Currently, the scientific community and regulatory authorities are beginning to pay attention to these unregulated and over-the-counter products claiming to possess probiotic and prebiotic properties. Studies exploring the rationality of these prebiotics as nutraceuticals for use in health states are essential. This study focuses on the effects of PHGG, a prebiotic, on intestinal flora, metabolism, and function when used in a healthy state over a long period. It is helpful to have a clearer understanding of the effect of PHGG on intestinal flora and the possible mechanisms of action to exert effects, which are indicative for the future application of PHGG as a nutraceutical or therapeutic agent..
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefei Hu
- Department of Environmental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Renlingzi Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shouqin Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Chang
- Department of Environmental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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25
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Analysis of the biotransformation mechanism of soy isoflavones via equol-producing HMA mice model. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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26
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Bianchimano P, Britton GJ, Wallach DS, Smith EM, Cox LM, Liu S, Iwanowski K, Weiner HL, Faith JJ, Clemente JC, Tankou SK. Mining the microbiota to identify gut commensals modulating neuroinflammation in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. MICROBIOME 2022; 10:174. [PMID: 36253847 PMCID: PMC9575236 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-022-01364-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiome plays an important role in autoimmunity including multiple sclerosis and its mouse model called experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Prior studies have demonstrated that the multiple sclerosis gut microbiota can contribute to disease, hence making it a potential therapeutic target. In addition, antibiotic treatment has been shown to ameliorate disease in the EAE mouse model of multiple sclerosis. Yet, to this date, the mechanisms mediating these antibiotic effects are not understood. Furthermore, there is no consensus on the gut-derived bacterial strains that drive neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis. RESULTS Here, we characterized the gut microbiome of untreated and vancomycin-treated EAE mice over time to identify bacteria with neuroimmunomodulatory potential. We observed alterations in the gut microbiota composition following EAE induction. We found that vancomycin treatment ameliorates EAE, and that this protective effect is mediated via the microbiota. Notably, we observed increased abundance of bacteria known to be strong inducers of regulatory T cells, including members of Clostridium clusters XIVa and XVIII in vancomycin-treated mice during the presymptomatic phase of EAE, as well as at disease peak. We identified 50 bacterial taxa that correlate with EAE severity. Interestingly, several of these taxa exist in the human gut, and some of them have been implicated in multiple sclerosis including Anaerotruncus colihominis, a butyrate producer, which had a positive correlation with disease severity. We found that Anaerotruncus colihominis ameliorates EAE, and this is associated with induction of RORγt+ regulatory T cells in the mesenteric lymph nodes. CONCLUSIONS We identified vancomycin as a potent modulator of the gut-brain axis by promoting the proliferation of bacterial species that induce regulatory T cells. In addition, our findings reveal 50 gut commensals as regulator of the gut-brain axis that can be used to further characterize pathogenic and beneficial host-microbiota interactions in multiple sclerosis patients. Our findings suggest that elevated Anaerotruncus colihominis in multiple sclerosis patients may represent a protective mechanism associated with recovery from the disease. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Bianchimano
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 5E 98th Street, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 5E 98th Street, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 5E 98th Street, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Graham J Britton
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 5E 98th Street, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - David S Wallach
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 5E 98th Street, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emma M Smith
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 5E 98th Street, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 5E 98th Street, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 5E 98th Street, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Laura M Cox
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shirong Liu
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Present address: Department of Medical Oncology, Bing Center for Waldenström's Macroglobulinemia, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Kacper Iwanowski
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 5E 98th Street, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 5E 98th Street, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 5E 98th Street, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Howard L Weiner
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeremiah J Faith
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 5E 98th Street, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jose C Clemente
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 5E 98th Street, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stephanie K Tankou
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 5E 98th Street, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 5E 98th Street, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 5E 98th Street, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
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27
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Fox BE, Vilander AC, Gilfillan D, Dean GA, Abdo Z. Oral Vaccination Using a Probiotic Vaccine Platform Combined with Prebiotics Impacts Immune Response and the Microbiome. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10091465. [PMID: 36146543 PMCID: PMC9504555 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10091465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Unique to mucosal vaccination is the reciprocal influence of the microbiome and mucosal immune responses, where the immune system is constantly balancing between the clearance of pathogens and the tolerance of self-antigen, food, and the microbiota. Secretory IgA plays a major role in maintaining the homeostasis of a healthy gut microbiome. Natural polyreactive IgA often coats members of the commensal microbiota to aid in their colonization, while high-affinity specific IgA binds to pathogens resulting in their clearance. We developed a probiotic-based mucosal vaccination platform using the bacterium Lactobacillus acidophilus (rLA) with the potential to influence this balance in the IgA coating. In this study, we sought to determine whether repeated administration of rLA alters the host intestinal microbial community due to the immune response against the rLA vaccine. To address this, IgA-seq was employed to characterize shifts in IgA-bound bacterial populations. Additionally, we determined whether using rice bran as a prebiotic would influence the immunogenicity of the vaccine and/or IgA-bound bacterial populations. Our results show that the prebiotic influenced the kinetics of rLA antibody induction and that the rLA platform did not cause lasting disturbances to the microbiome.
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28
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Ghorbani E, Avan A, Ryzhikov M, Ferns G, Khazaei M, Soleimanpour S. Role of Lactobacillus strains in the management of colorectal cancer An overview of recent advances. Nutrition 2022; 103-104:111828. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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29
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Gulliver EL, Young RB, Chonwerawong M, D'Adamo GL, Thomason T, Widdop JT, Rutten EL, Rossetto Marcelino V, Bryant RV, Costello SP, O'Brien CL, Hold GL, Giles EM, Forster SC. Review article: the future of microbiome-based therapeutics. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2022; 56:192-208. [PMID: 35611465 PMCID: PMC9322325 DOI: 10.1111/apt.17049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND From consumption of fermented foods and probiotics to emerging applications of faecal microbiota transplantation, the health benefit of manipulating the human microbiota has been exploited for millennia. Despite this history, recent technological advances are unlocking the capacity for targeted microbial manipulation as a novel therapeutic. AIM This review summarises the current developments in microbiome-based medicines and provides insight into the next steps required for therapeutic development. METHODS Here we review current and emerging approaches and assess the capabilities and weaknesses of these technologies to provide safe and effective clinical interventions. Key literature was identified through Pubmed searches with the following key words, 'microbiome', 'microbiome biomarkers', 'probiotics', 'prebiotics', 'synbiotics', 'faecal microbiota transplant', 'live biotherapeutics', 'microbiome mimetics' and 'postbiotics'. RESULTS Improved understanding of the human microbiome and recent technological advances provide an opportunity to develop a new generation of therapies. These therapies will range from dietary interventions, prebiotic supplementations, single probiotic bacterial strains, human donor-derived faecal microbiota transplants, rationally selected combinations of bacterial strains as live biotherapeutics, and the beneficial products or effects produced by bacterial strains, termed microbiome mimetics. CONCLUSIONS Although methods to identify and refine these therapeutics are continually advancing, the rapid emergence of these new approaches necessitates accepted technological and ethical frameworks for measurement, testing, laboratory practices and clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily L. Gulliver
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious DiseasesHudson Institute of Medical ResearchClaytonVictoriaAustralia,Department of Molecular and Translational SciencesMonash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Remy B. Young
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious DiseasesHudson Institute of Medical ResearchClaytonVictoriaAustralia,Department of Molecular and Translational SciencesMonash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Michelle Chonwerawong
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious DiseasesHudson Institute of Medical ResearchClaytonVictoriaAustralia,Department of Molecular and Translational SciencesMonash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Gemma L. D'Adamo
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious DiseasesHudson Institute of Medical ResearchClaytonVictoriaAustralia,Department of Molecular and Translational SciencesMonash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Tamblyn Thomason
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious DiseasesHudson Institute of Medical ResearchClaytonVictoriaAustralia,Department of Molecular and Translational SciencesMonash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia
| | - James T. Widdop
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious DiseasesHudson Institute of Medical ResearchClaytonVictoriaAustralia,Department of Molecular and Translational SciencesMonash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Emily L. Rutten
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious DiseasesHudson Institute of Medical ResearchClaytonVictoriaAustralia,Department of Molecular and Translational SciencesMonash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Vanessa Rossetto Marcelino
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious DiseasesHudson Institute of Medical ResearchClaytonVictoriaAustralia,Department of Molecular and Translational SciencesMonash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Robert V. Bryant
- Department of GastroenterologyThe Queen Elizabeth HospitalWoodvilleSouth AustraliaAustralia,School of MedicineUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Samuel P. Costello
- Department of GastroenterologyThe Queen Elizabeth HospitalWoodvilleSouth AustraliaAustralia,School of MedicineUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | | | - Georgina L. Hold
- Microbiome Research Centre, St George & Sutherland Clinical SchoolUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Edward M. Giles
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious DiseasesHudson Institute of Medical ResearchClaytonVictoriaAustralia,Department of Molecular and Translational SciencesMonash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia,Department of PaediatricsMonash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Samuel C. Forster
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious DiseasesHudson Institute of Medical ResearchClaytonVictoriaAustralia,Department of Molecular and Translational SciencesMonash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia
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30
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Li Y, Nguepi Tsopmejio IS, Diao Z, Xiao H, Wang X, Jin Z, Song H. Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott. attenuates dextran sulfate sodium-induced Inflammatory Bowel Disease via regulation of inflammation-related signaling pathways and modulation of the gut microbiota. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 292:115190. [PMID: 35306040 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott. Is one of the most functional berries usually used in the preparation of juice and jams, but it has revealed its ethnopharmacological properties due to their richness in biologically active molecules with pharmaceutical and physiological effects. AIMS OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to assess the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of Aronia melanocarpa ethanol-extract as well as the possible mechanisms of action involved and the modulation of gut microbiota in Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)-induced Inflammatory bowel disease in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) were induced by DSS in drinking water for 7 days to evaluate the properties of A. melanocarpa ethanol-extract (AME) on the intestinal microflora. AME was administered orally to DSS-induced IBD mice for 21 days. Clinical, inflammatory, histopathological parameters, and different mRNA and proteins involved in its possible mechanism of action were determined as well as gut microbiota analysis via 16S high throughput sequencing. RESULTS AME improved clinical symptoms and regulated histopathological parameters, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress factors as well as mRNA and protein expressions of transcription factors involved in maintaining the intestinal barrier integrity. In addition, AME also reversed the DSS-induced intestinal dysbiosis effects promoting the production of cecal short chain fatty acids linked to signaling pathways inhibiting IBD. CONCLUSION AME improved intestinal lesions induced by DSS suggesting that A. melanocarpa berries could have significant therapeutic potential against IBD due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities as well as their ability to restore the gut microbiota balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Li
- School of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, PR China
| | - Ivan Stève Nguepi Tsopmejio
- School of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, PR China; Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon
| | - Zipeng Diao
- School of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, PR China
| | - Huanwei Xiao
- School of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, PR China
| | - Xueqi Wang
- School of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, PR China
| | - Zhouyu Jin
- School of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, PR China
| | - Hui Song
- School of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Changchun, PR China.
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31
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Laroute V, Beaufrand C, Gomes P, Nouaille S, Tondereau V, Daveran-Mingot ML, Theodorou V, Eutamene H, Mercier-Bonin M, Cocaign-Bousquet M. Lactococcus lactis NCDO2118 exerts visceral antinociceptive properties in rat via GABA production in the gastro-intestinal tract. eLife 2022; 11:77100. [PMID: 35727704 PMCID: PMC9213000 DOI: 10.7554/elife.77100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut disorders associated to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are combined with anxiety and depression. Evidence suggests that microbially produced neuroactive molecules, like γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), can modulate the gut-brain axis. Two natural strains of Lactococcus lactis and one mutant were characterized in vitro for their GABA production and tested in vivo in rat by oral gavage for their antinociceptive properties. L. lactis NCDO2118 significantly reduced visceral hypersensitivity induced by stress due to its glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) activity. L. lactis NCDO2727 with similar genes for GABA metabolism but no detectable GAD activity had no in vivo effect, as well as the NCDO2118 ΔgadB mutant. The antinociceptive effect observed for the NCDO2118 strain was mediated by the production of GABA in the gastro-intestinal tract and blocked by GABAB receptor antagonist. Only minor changes in the faecal microbiota composition were observed after the L. lactis NCDO2118 treatment. These findings reveal the crucial role of the microbial GAD activity of L. lactis NCDO2118 to deliver GABA into the gastro-intestinal tract for exerting antinociceptive properties in vivo and open avenues for this GRAS (Generally Recognized As safe) bacterium in the management of visceral pain and anxious profile of IBS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Laroute
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institute (TBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRAE, INSA, Toulouse, France
| | - Catherine Beaufrand
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Pedro Gomes
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institute (TBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRAE, INSA, Toulouse, France.,Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Sébastien Nouaille
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institute (TBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRAE, INSA, Toulouse, France
| | - Valérie Tondereau
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Vassilia Theodorou
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Hélène Eutamene
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Muriel Mercier-Bonin
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Muriel Cocaign-Bousquet
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institute (TBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRAE, INSA, Toulouse, France
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Xu X, Duarte ME, Kim SW. Postbiotic effects of Lactobacillus fermentate on intestinal health, mucosa-associated microbiota, and growth efficiency of nursery pigs challenged with F18+Escherichia coli. J Anim Sci 2022; 100:6603433. [PMID: 35666999 PMCID: PMC9387594 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study determined the supplemental effects of Lactobacillus fermentate (LBF, Adare Biome, France) on intestinal health and prevention of postweaning diarrhea caused by F18+Escherichia coli in nursery pigs. Sixty-four weaned pigs (6.6 ± 0.7 kg body weight) were allotted in a randomized complete block design to four treatments: NC: no challenge/no supplement; PC: E. coli challenge/no supplement; AGP: E. coli challenge/bacitracin (30 g/t feed); and PBT: E. coli challenge/LBF (2 kg/t feed). Bacitracin methylene disalicylate (BMD) was used as a source of bacitracin. On day 7, challenged groups were orally inoculated with F18+E. coli (2.4 × 1010 CFU), whereas NC received sterile saline solution. Growth performance was analyzed weekly, and pigs were euthanized at the end of 28 d feeding to analyze intestinal health. Data were analyzed using the Mixed procedure of SAS 9.4. During the post-challenge period, PC tended to decrease (P = 0.067) average daily gain (ADG) when compared with NC, whereas AGP increased (P < 0.05) when compared with PC; PBT tended to increase (P = 0.081) ADG when compared with PC. The PC increased fecal score (P < 0.05) during day 7 to 14 when compared with NC, whereas AGP decreased it (P < 0.05) during day 14 to 21 when compared with PC. The PC increased (P < 0.05) protein carbonyl, crypt cell proliferation, and the relative abundance of Helicobacter rodentium when compared with NC. However, AGP decreased (P < 0.05) crypt cell proliferation and H. rodentium and increased (P < 0.05) villus height, Bifidobacterium boum, Pelomonas spp., and Microbacterium ginsengisoli when compared with PC. The PBT reduced (P < 0.05) crypt cell proliferation and H. rodentium and increased (P < 0.05) Lactobacillus salivarius and Propionibacterium acnes when compared with PC. At the genus level, AGP and PBT increased (P < 0.05) the alpha diversity of jejunal mucosa-associated microbiota in pigs estimated with Chao1 richness estimator when compared with PC. Collectively, F18+E. coli reduced growth performance by adversely affecting microbiota and intestinal health. The LBF and BMD improved growth performance, and it was related to the enhanced intestinal health and increased diversity and abundance of beneficial microbiota in pigs challenged with F18+E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyi Xu
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Marcos Elias Duarte
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
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Nguepi Tsopmejio IS, Ding M, Wei J, Zhao C, Jiang Y, Li Y, Song H. Auricularia polytricha and Flammulina velutipes ameliorate inflammation and modulate the gut microbiota via regulation of NF-κB and Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathways on DSS-induced inflammatory bowel disease. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Dynamics of Changes in the Gut Microbiota of Healthy Mice Fed with Lactic Acid Bacteria and Bifidobacteria. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10051020. [PMID: 35630460 PMCID: PMC9144108 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10051020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are living microorganisms that provide numerous health benefits for their host. Probiotics have various effects on the body; for example, they change gut microbiota, improve the integrity of the epithelial barrier and have anti-inflammatory effects. The use of probiotic supplements that are based on lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria is one of the approaches that are used to balance gut microflora. In our study, we evaluated the effects of supplements, which were based on members of the Lactobacillaceae family and bifidobacteria, on the gut microbiome of healthy mice using the 16S rRNA sequencing method. The data that were obtained demonstrated that when mice received the probiotic supplements, statistically significant changes occurred in the composition of the microbiome at the phylum level, which were characterized by an increase in the number of Actinobacteriota, Bacteroidota, Verrucomicrobia and Proteobacteria, all of which have potentially positive effects on health. At the generic level, a decrease in the abundance of members of the Nocardioides, Helicobacter and Mucispirillum genus, which are involved in inflammatory processes, was observed for the group of mice that was fed with lactic acid bacteria. For the group of mice that was fed with bifidobacteria, a decrease was seen in the number of members of the Tyzzerella and Akkermansia genus. The results of our study contribute to the understanding of changes in the gut microbiota of healthy mice under the influence of probiotics. It was shown that probiotics that are based on members of the Lactobacillaceae family have a more positive effect on the gut microbiome than probiotics that are based on bifidobacteria.
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Saladrigas-García M, Solà-Oriol D, López-Vergé S, D'Angelo M, Carmen Collado M, Nielsen B, Faldyna M, Francisco Pérez J, Martín-Orúe SM. Potential effect of two Bacillus probiotic strains on performance and fecal microbiota of breeding sows and their piglets. J Anim Sci 2022; 100:6580401. [PMID: 35512239 PMCID: PMC9175292 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of long-term administration of two Bacillus strains was tested on 98 breeding sows and their litters allotted into three treatments: a control group (CON); supplemented with 5 × 108 cfu/kg B. subtilis − 541 (BSU); or with 5 × 108 cfu/kg B. amyloliquefaciens − 516 (BAM). Reproductive and performance variables were recorded over three cycles with 56 dams remaining through the third lactation. Blood and fecal samples were taken longitudinally from 12 sows per treatment on days 8 and 21 of the third lactation and milk samples were taken on day 21. Feces from one piglet per litter was sampled on days 21 and 33 and jejunal gene expression was assessed in two piglets on day 21. Changes in fecal microbiota were assessed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing (Illumina MiSeq) and gene expression by Open-Array technology. Metabolomic responses were analyzed in milk by NMR and Ig-G and Ig-A specific antibodies were determined by ELISA. No significant differences were observed on feed intake, body weight, or fat mobilization of the sows. However, a significant increase in the total number of piglets born was observed in supplemented sows. Although the increase was seen from the first cycle with BAM, improvements were not seen with BSU until the third cycle. BAM also increased the number of born-alive and weaned piglets. NMR analysis showed an impact of BAM on milk composition. No differences were found in milk or blood immunoglobulins. A different structure of the fecal microbiota was found in supplemented sows, with changes across phylum, family, and genus. These changes were greater at day 8, suggesting a relevant role of probiotics establishing a new intestinal balance after labor. Shifts in the microbiota were also seen in the piglets, with a clearer impact post-weaning than in suckling. In this regard, correlations between microbial groups of sows and piglets showed a higher link with weaned (d33) than with suckling pigs (d21), reinforcing the idea of an early maternal carry-over. No changes due to treatment in jejunal gene expression were detected; however, piglet size had a clear impact on different genes. In summary, the addition of both probiotics, and particularly Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, demonstrated potential benefits on the prolificacy of sows. Daily feeding of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens resulted in an increase in the number of weaned piglets. The high correlations between the compositions of the microbiota of sows and their piglets are evidence of maternal imprinting, with effects lasting beyond weaning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Saladrigas-García
- Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - David Solà-Oriol
- Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - Sergi López-Vergé
- Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - Matilde D'Angelo
- Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - Maria Carmen Collado
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology-National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Valencia 49860, Spain
| | | | - Martin Faldyna
- Veterinary Research Institute, Brno 62132, Czech Republic
| | - José Francisco Pérez
- Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - Susana M Martín-Orúe
- Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
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Zhong Y, Fu D, Deng Z, Tang W, Mao J, Zhu T, Zhang Y, Liu J, Wang H. Lactic Acid Bacteria Mixture Isolated From Wild Pig Alleviated the Gut Inflammation of Mice Challenged by Escherichia coli. Front Immunol 2022; 13:822754. [PMID: 35154141 PMCID: PMC8825813 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.822754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Wild pigs usually showed high tolerance and resistance to several diseases in the wild environment, suggesting that the gut bacteria of wild pigs could be a good source for discovering potential probiotic strains. In our study, wild pig feces were sequenced and showed a higher relative abundance of the genus Lactobacillus (43.61% vs. 2.01%) than that in the domestic pig. A total of 11 lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains including two L. rhamnosus, six L. mucosae, one L. fermentum, one L. delbrueckii, and one Enterococcus faecalis species were isolated. To investigate the synergistic effects of mixed probiotics strains, the mixture of 11 LAB strains from an intestinal ecology system was orally administrated in mice for 3 weeks, then the mice were challenged with Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 (2 × 109 CFU) and euthanized after challenge. Mice administrated with LAB strains showed higher (p < 0.05) LAB counts in feces and ileum. Moreover, alterations of specific bacterial genera occurred, including the higher (p < 0.05) relative abundance of Butyricicoccus and Clostridium IV and the lower (p < 0.05) abundance of Enterorhabdus in mice fed with mixed LAB strains. Mice challenged with Escherichia coli showed vacuolization of the liver, lower GSH in serum, and lower villus to the crypt proportion and Claudin-3 level in the gut. In contrast, administration of mixed LAB strains attenuated inflammation of the liver and gut, especially the lowered IL-6 and IL-1β levels (p < 0.05) in the gut. Our study highlighted the importance of gut bacterial diversity and the immunomodulation effects of LAB strains mixture from wild pig in gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhong
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongyan Fu
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoxi Deng
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenjie Tang
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiangdi Mao
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianxin Liu
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haifeng Wang
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
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Zhang Z, Li M, Cui B, Chen X. Antibiotic Disruption of the Gut Microbiota Enhances the Murine Hepatic Dysfunction Associated With a High-Salt Diet. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:829686. [PMID: 35222044 PMCID: PMC8881101 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.829686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological and experimental evidence indicates that antibiotic exposure is related to metabolic malfunctions, such as obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Liver impairment and hypertrophy of adipose cells are related to high salt consumption. This research aims to investigated the physiological mechanism of a high salt diet (HSD) enhanced antibiotic-induced hepatic injury and mitochondrial abnormalities in mice. The mice were fed a HSD with or without penicillin G (PEN) for 8 weeks and the gut metabolome, untargeted faecal metabolomics, and intestinal function were evaluated. The results revealed that HSD, PEN and their combination (HSPEN) significantly changed the gut microbial community. HSPEN mice exhibited more opportunistic pathogens (such as Klebsiella and Morganella) and reduced probiotic species (including Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus). The main variations in the faecal metabolites of the HSPEN group were identified, including those connected with entero-hepatic circulation (including bile acids), tryptophan metabolism (i.e., indole derivatives) and lipid metabolism (e.g., erucic acid). Furthermore, increased intestinal permeability and immunologic response caused greater hepatic damage in the HSPEN group compared to the other groups. These findings may have important implications for public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Zheng Zhang, ; Bo Cui, ; Xiao Chen,
| | - Mengjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Bo Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Zheng Zhang, ; Bo Cui, ; Xiao Chen,
| | - Xiao Chen
- College of Health Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Zheng Zhang, ; Bo Cui, ; Xiao Chen,
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38
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Westaway JAF, Huerlimann R, Kandasamy Y, Miller CM, Norton R, Watson D, Infante-Vilamil S, Rudd D. To Probiotic or Not to Probiotic: A Metagenomic Comparison of the Discharge Gut Microbiome of Infants Supplemented With Probiotics in NICU and Those Who Are Not. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:838559. [PMID: 35345612 PMCID: PMC8957066 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.838559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preterm birth is associated with the development of both acute and chronic disease, and the disruption of normal gut microbiome development. Recent studies have sought to both characterize and understand the links between disease and the microbiome. Probiotic treatment may correct for these microbial imbalances and, in turn, mitigate disease. However, the criteria for probiotic supplementation in NICU's in North Queensland, Australia limits its usage to the most premature (<32 weeks gestation) and small for gestational age infants (<1,500 g). Here we use a combination of amplicon and shotgun metagenomic sequencing to compare the gut microbiome of infants who fulfill the criteria for probiotic-treatment and those who do not. The aims of this study were to determine if probiotic-supplemented preterm infants have significantly different taxonomic and functional profiles when compared to non-supplemented preterm infants at discharge. METHODS Preterm infants were recruited in North Queensland, Australia, with fecal samples collected just prior to discharge (36 ± 0.5 weeks gestation), to capture potential changes that could be probiotic induced. All samples underwent 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, with a subset also used for shotgun metagenomics. Mixed effects models were used to assess the effect of probiotics on alpha diversity, beta diversity and taxonomic abundance, whilst accounting for other known covariates. RESULTS Mixed effects modeling demonstrated that probiotic treatment had a significant effect on overall community composition (beta diversity), characterized by greater alpha diversity and differing abundances of several taxa, including Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, in supplemented infants. CONCLUSION Late preterm-infants who go without probiotic-supplementation may be missing out on stabilizing-effects provided through increased alpha diversity and the presence of commensal microbes, via the use of probiotic-treatment. These findings suggest that late-preterm infants may benefit from probiotic supplementation. More research is needed to both understand the consequences of the differences observed and the long-term effects of this probiotic-treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob A F Westaway
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Science, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia.,Centre for Tropical Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Roger Huerlimann
- Centre for Tropical Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia.,Marine Climate Change Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology (OIST), Onna, Japan.,Center for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Yoga Kandasamy
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Science, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia.,Neonatology, Townsville University Hospital, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Catherine M Miller
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Science, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - Robert Norton
- Microbiology, Pathology Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - David Watson
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Townsville University Hospital, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Sandra Infante-Vilamil
- Centre for Tropical Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia.,Center for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Donna Rudd
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Science, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
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Jose A, Apewokin S, Hussein WE, Ollberding NJ, Elwing JM, Haslam DB. A unique gut microbiota signature in pulmonary arterial hypertension: A pilot study. Pulm Circ 2022; 12:e12051. [PMID: 35506110 PMCID: PMC9052999 DOI: 10.1002/pul2.12051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive, ultimately fatal cardiopulmonary disease associated with a number of physiologic changes, which is believed to result in imbalances in the intestinal microbiota. To date, comprehensive investigational analysis of the intestinal microbiota in human subjects is still limited. To address this, we performed a pilot study of the intestinal microbiome in 20 PAH and 20 non-PAH healthy control subjects, recruited from a single center, with each PAH subject recruited simultaneously with a cohabitating non-PAH control subject. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing was used to analyze the microbiome profiles. There were no differences between PAH and non-PAH subjects across several measures of microbial abundance and diversity (Alpha Diversity, Beta Diversity, F/B ratio). The relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae bacterium GAM79 was lower in PAH stool samples as compared to non-PAH control subject' stool. There was no strong or reproducible association between PAH disease severity and global microbial abundance, but several bacterial species (a relative abundance of Anaerostipes rhamnosivorans and a relative deficiency of Amedibacterium intestinale, Ruminococcus bicirculans, and Ruminococcus albus species were associated with disease severity (most proximal right heart catheterization hemodynamics and six-minute walk test distance) in PAH subjects. Our results support further investigation into the presence, significance, and potential physiologic effects of a PAH-specific intestinal microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Jose
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep MedicineUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOhioUSA
| | - Senu Apewokin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious DiseasesUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOhioUSA
| | - Walaa E. Hussein
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious DiseasesUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOhioUSA
| | - Nicholas J. Ollberding
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Biostatistics and EpidemiologyCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOhioUSA
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOhioUSA
| | - Jean M. Elwing
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep MedicineUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOhioUSA
| | - David B. Haslam
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOhioUSA
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Guo L, Xu J, Du Y, Wu W, Nie W, Zhang D, Luo Y, Lu H, Lei M, Xiao S, Liu J. Effects of gut microbiota and probiotics on Alzheimer’s disease. Transl Neurosci 2021; 12:573-580. [PMID: 35070441 PMCID: PMC8713066 DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2020-0203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with high morbidity, disability, and fatality rate, significantly increasing the global burden of public health. The failure in drug discovery over the past decades has stressed the urgency and importance of seeking new perspectives. Recently, gut microbiome (GM), with the ability to communicate with the brain bidirectionally through the microbiome–gut–brain axis, has attracted much attention in AD-related studies, owing to their strong associations with amyloids, systematic and focal inflammation, impairment of vascular homeostasis and gut barrier, mitochondrial dysfunction, etc., making the regulation of GM, specifically supplementation of probiotics a promising candidate for AD treatment. This article aims to review the leading-edge knowledge concerning potential roles of GM in AD pathogenesis and of probiotics in its treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libing Guo
- Department of Neurology, Foshan Third People’s Hospital , No. 102 Jinlan South Road , Foshan , Guangdong , China
| | - Jiaxin Xu
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University , No. 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
| | - Yunhua Du
- Department of Neurology, Foshan Third People’s Hospital , No. 102 Jinlan South Road , Foshan , Guangdong , China
| | - Weibo Wu
- Department of Neurology, Foshan Third People’s Hospital , No. 102 Jinlan South Road , Foshan , Guangdong , China
| | - Wenjing Nie
- Department of Neurology, Foshan Third People’s Hospital , No. 102 Jinlan South Road , Foshan , Guangdong , China
| | - Dongliang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Foshan Third People’s Hospital , No. 102 Jinlan South Road , Foshan , Guangdong , China
| | - Yuling Luo
- Department of Neurology, Foshan Third People’s Hospital , No. 102 Jinlan South Road , Foshan , Guangdong , China
| | - Huixian Lu
- Department of Neurology, Foshan Third People’s Hospital , No. 102 Jinlan South Road , Foshan , Guangdong , China
| | - Ming Lei
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University , No. 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
| | - Songhua Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University , No. 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University , No. 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , China
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Yue Q, Cai M, Xiao B, Zhan Q, Zeng C. A High-Tryptophan Diet Reduces Seizure-Induced Respiratory Arrest and Alters the Gut Microbiota in DBA/1 Mice. Front Neurol 2021; 12:762323. [PMID: 34887831 PMCID: PMC8650499 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.762323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: Central 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) defects are responsible for the occurrence of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). The DBA/1 mouse is an animal model of SUDEP since the mouse exhibits audiogenic seizure-induced respiratory arrest (S-IRA). The synthesis of central 5-HT is closely related to the gut microbiota. Moreover, emerging studies suggest a possible role for the microbiota in mitigating seizure likelihood. Based on this, we aimed to explore the effect of a high-tryptophan diet (HTD) on SUDEP as well as the synthesis and metabolism of central 5-HT. Furthermore, we investigated the involvement of the gut microbiota in this process. Methods: All DBA/1 mice were subjected to acoustic stimulation to induce seizures. Only those mice that exhibited S-IRA were randomly assigned to the normal diet (ND) group (n = 39) or HTD group (n = 53). After 1 month of dietary intervention, (1) S-IRA rates were evaluated, (2) the concentrations of 5-HT and its metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in the plasma and brain were determined by ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography, and (3) the fecal flora biodiversity and species composition were analyzed by 16S rDNA microbiota profiling. Results: The S-IRA rate in DBA/1 mice was significantly reduced in the HTD group compared with that in the control group. HTD increased the levels of 5-HT and 5-HIAA in both the telencephalon and midbrain. HTD significantly elevated the species richness and diversity of the gut microbiota. Moreover, there was a significant difference in the gut microbiota composition between the two groups, and the intestinal flora was dominated by Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria after HTD. Conclusions: HTD is efficient in lowering S-IRA rates and elevating the central 5-HT level in DBA/1 mice. The gut microbiota was altered after HTD intervention. The significant increase in Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria may be related to the SUDEP-protective effect of HTD. Our findings shed light on a candidate choice of dietary prevention for SUDEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Yue
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mingfei Cai
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiong Zhan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chang Zeng
- Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Wyszyńska AK, Godlewska R. Lactic Acid Bacteria - A Promising Tool for Controlling Chicken Campylobacter Infection. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:703441. [PMID: 34650524 PMCID: PMC8506037 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.703441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Since 2005, campylobacteriosis has been the most common zoonotic disease in Europe. The main reservoir of pathogenic Campylobacter strains is broilers, which makes raw and undercooked poultry meat two major sources of disease. Infection in chicken flocks is most often asymptomatic, despite a high level of colonization reaching 106-109cfu/g in animal ceca. It is widely believed that controlling the level of colonization of the birds' digestive tract by pathogenic strains is a good way to increase food safety. Many treatments have been proposed to combat or at least reduce the level of colonization in animals reservoirs: probiotics, bacteriophages, vaccines, and anti-Campylobacter bacteriocins. This review focuses on the effects of Campylobacter infection on the chicken microbiome and colonization control strategies using probiotics (mostly lactic acid bacteria, LAB), which are live microorganisms included in the diet of animals as feed additives or supplements. Probiotics are not only an alternative to antibiotics, which were used for years as animal growth promoters, but they also constitute an effective protective barrier against excessive colonization of the digestive system by pathogenic bacteria, including Campylobacter. Moreover, one of the many beneficial functions of probiotics is the ability to manipulate the host's microbiota. Recently, there have also been some promising attempts to use lactic acid bacteria as a delivery system of oral vaccine against Campylobacter. Recombinant LAB strains induce primarily a mucosal immune response against foreign antigens, accompanied by at most a low-level immune response against carrier strains. Since the main barrier against the invasion of pathogens in the gastrointestinal tract is the intestinal mucosal membrane, the development of effective oral vaccines to protect animals against enteric infection is very reasonable.
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Kaur H, Nookala S, Singh S, Mukundan S, Nagamoto-Combs K, Combs CK. Sex-Dependent Effects of Intestinal Microbiome Manipulation in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Cells 2021; 10:2370. [PMID: 34572019 PMCID: PMC8469717 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms linking intestinal bacteria and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) are still unclear. We hypothesized that intestinal dysbiosis might potentiate AD, and manipulating the microbiome to promote intestinal eubiosis and immune homeostasis may improve AD-related brain changes. This study assessed sex differences in the effects of oral probiotic, antibiotics, and synbiotic treatments in the AppNL-G-F mouse model of AD. The fecal microbiome demonstrated significant correlations between bacterial genera in AppNL-G-F mice and Aβ plaque load, gliosis, and memory performance. Female and not male AppNL-G-F mice fed probiotic but not synbiotic exhibited a decrease in Aβ plaques, microgliosis, brain TNF-α, and memory improvement compared to no treatment controls. Although antibiotics treatment did not produce these multiple changes in brain cytokines, memory, or gliosis, it did decrease Aβ plaque load and colon cytokines in AppNL-G-F males. The intestinal cytokine milieu and splenocyte phenotype of female but not male AppNL-G-F mice indicated a modest proinflammatory innate response following probiotic treatment compared to controls, with an adaptive response following antibiotics treatment in male AppNL-G-F mice. Overall, these results demonstrate the beneficial effects of probiotic only in AppNL-G-F females, with minimal benefits of antibiotics or synbiotic feeding in male or female mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harpreet Kaur
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA; (S.N.); (S.M.); (K.N.-C.)
| | - Suba Nookala
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA; (S.N.); (S.M.); (K.N.-C.)
| | - Surjeet Singh
- Department of Neuroscience, Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience (CCBN), University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada;
| | - Santhosh Mukundan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA; (S.N.); (S.M.); (K.N.-C.)
| | - Kumi Nagamoto-Combs
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA; (S.N.); (S.M.); (K.N.-C.)
| | - Colin Kelly Combs
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA; (S.N.); (S.M.); (K.N.-C.)
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Guo F, Cai D, Li Y, Gu H, Qu H, Zong Q, Bao W, Chen A, Liu HY. How Early-Life Gut Microbiota Alteration Sets Trajectories for Health and Inflammatory Bowel Disease? Front Nutr 2021; 8:690073. [PMID: 34422881 PMCID: PMC8377158 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.690073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a recurrent chronic inflammatory condition of the intestine without any efficient therapeutic regimens. Gut microbiota, which plays an instrumental role in the development and maturation of the immune system, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of IBD. Emerging evidence has established that early-life events particularly maternal influences and antibiotic treatment are strongly correlated with the health or susceptibility to disease of an individual in later life. Thus, it is proposed that there is a critical period in infancy, during which the environmental exposures bestow a long-term pathophysiological imprint. This notion sheds new light on the development of novel approaches for the treatment, i.e., early interventions, more precisely, the prevention of many uncurable chronic inflammatory diseases like IBD. In this review, we have integrated current evidence to describe the feasibility of the “able-to-be-regulated microbiota,” summarized the underlying mechanisms of the “microbiota-driven immune system education,” explored the optimal intervention time window, and discussed the potential of designing early-probiotic treatment as a new prevention strategy for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feilong Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Demin Cai
- Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Epigenetics and Epigenome Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yanwei Li
- Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Haotian Gu
- Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Huan Qu
- Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qiufang Zong
- Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wenbin Bao
- Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Aoxue Chen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Hao-Yu Liu
- Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Epigenetics and Epigenome Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Yang C, Qiao Z, Xu Z, Wang X, Deng Q, Chen W, Huang F. Algal Oil Rich in Docosahexaenoic Acid Alleviates Intestinal Inflammation Induced by Antibiotics Associated with the Modulation of the Gut Microbiome and Metabolome. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:9124-9136. [PMID: 33900083 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c07323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effect of algal oil rich in docosahexaenoic acid on the mucosal injury with gut microbiota disorders caused by ceftriaxone sodium (CS) was evaluated. The results showed that algal oil treatment (500 mg kg-1 day-1) significantly reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin 6 , interleukin 1β, and tumor necrosis factor α, in the colon. Algal oil restored the CS-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis by elevating some short-chain-fatty-acid-producing bacteria, e.g., Ruminococcus and Blautia. The CS-induced metabolic disorder was also regulated by algal oil, which was characterized by the modulations of tryptophan metabolism, phospholipid metabolism, and bile acid metabolism. Our results suggested that supplementation of algal oil could alleviate inflammation and promote mucosal healing, which could be a functional food ingredient to protect aganist antibiotic-induced alteration of gut microbiota and metabolic dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhixian Qiao
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Donghu South Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenxia Xu
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Wang
- Huazhong Agricultural University, 1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianchun Deng
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenchao Chen
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Fenghong Huang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, People's Republic of China
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Zhong H, Wang XG, Wang J, Chen YJ, Qin HL, Yang R. Impact of probiotics supplement on the gut microbiota in neonates with antibiotic exposure: an open-label single-center randomized parallel controlled study. World J Pediatr 2021; 17:385-393. [PMID: 34331676 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-021-00443-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibiotics, a common strategy used for neonatal infection, show consistent effect on the gut microbiota of neonates. Supplementation with probiotics has become increasingly popular in mitigating the loss of the gut microbiota. However, no clear consensus recommending the use of probiotics in the infection of neonates currently exists. This study examined the effects of probiotics on the gut microbiota of infectious neonates when used concurrently with or during the recovery period following antibiotic therapy. METHODS Fifty-five full-term neonates diagnosed with neonatal infections were divided into the following groups: NI (no intervention, antibiotic therapy only), PCA (probiotics used concurrently with antibiotics), and PAA (probiotics used after antibiotics). The NI group received antibiotic treatment (piperacillin-tazobactam) for 1 week and the PCA group received antibiotic treatment together with probiotics (Bifidobacterium longum, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Enterococcus faecalis) for 1 week. The PAA group received antibiotic treatment for 1 week followed by probiotics for 1 week. Fecal samples were collected at four time nodes: newborn, 1 week, 2 weeks, and 42 days after birth. The composition of the gut microbiota was determined by the high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA amplicons. RESULTS Antibiotic exposure was found to dramatically alter gut microbiota, with a significant decrease of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus. The use of probiotics did not restore the overall diversity of the gut microbiota. However, using probiotics simultaneously with the antibiotics was found to be beneficial for the gut microbiota as compared to delaying the use of probiotics to follow treatment with antibiotics, particularly in promoting the abundance of Bifidobacterium. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the early use of probiotics may have a potential ability to remodel the gut microbiota during recovery from antibiotic treatment. However, further study is required to fully understand the long-term effects including the clinical benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhong
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang-Geng Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Jie Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan-Long Qin
- Institute for Intestinal Diseases, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, China.
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Goswami A, Wendt FR, Pathak GA, Tylee DS, De Angelis F, De Lillo A, Polimanti R. Role of microbes in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric disorders. Front Neuroendocrinol 2021; 62:100917. [PMID: 33957173 PMCID: PMC8364482 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2021.100917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Microbes inhabit different anatomical sites of the human body including oral cavity, gut, and skin. A growing literature highlights how microbiome variation is associated with human health and disease. There is strong evidence of bidirectional communication between gut and brain mediated by neurotransmitters and microbial metabolites. Here, we review the potential involvement of microbes residing in the gut and in other body sites in the pathogenesis of eight neuropsychiatric disorders, discussing findings from animal and human studies. The data reported provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of the microbiome research in neuropsychiatry, including hypotheses about the mechanisms underlying the associations reported and the translational potential of probiotics and prebiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aranyak Goswami
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine and VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Frank R Wendt
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine and VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Gita A Pathak
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine and VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Daniel S Tylee
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine and VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Flavio De Angelis
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine and VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Antonella De Lillo
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine and VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Renato Polimanti
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine and VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT 06516, USA.
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Nutritional and therapeutic approaches for protecting human gut microbiota from psychotropic treatments. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 108:110182. [PMID: 33232785 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence highlighted the essential role played by the microbiota-gut-brain axis in maintaining human homeostasis, including nutrition, immunity, and metabolism. Much recent work has linked the gut microbiota to many psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders such as depression, schizophrenia, and Alzheimer's disease. Shared gut microbiota alterations or dysbiotic microbiota have been identified in these separate disorders relative to controls. Much attention has focused on the bidirectional interplay between the gut microbiota and the brain, establishing gut dysbiotic status as a critical factor in psychiatric disorders. Still, the antibiotic-like effect of psychotropic drugs, medications used for the treatment of these disorders, on gut microbiota is largely neglected. In this review, we summarize the current findings on the impact of psychotropics on gut microbiota and how their antimicrobial potency can trigger dysbiosis. We also discuss the potential therapeutic strategies, including probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal transplantation, to attenuate the dysbiosis related to psychotropics intake.
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Albhaisi S, Shamsaddini A, Fagan A, McGeorge S, Sikaroodi M, Gavis E, Patel S, Davis BC, Acharya C, Sterling RK, Matherly S, Fuchs M, Gillevet PM, Bajaj JS. Gut Microbial Signature of Hepatocellular Cancer in Men With Cirrhosis. Liver Transpl 2021; 27:629-640. [PMID: 33492761 DOI: 10.1002/lt.25994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The gut microbiome is altered in cirrhosis. Recent evidence has suggested a key role for the gut microbiota in the progression of cirrhosis and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We studied the differences in the microbial composition in patients with cirrhosis with prior and future HCC in the context of other complications (eg, infections, hepatic encephalopathy). The following 2 cohorts were recruited prospectively: the prior HCC cohort, in which outpatients with HCC within 2 years were age-matched, sex-matched, and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score-matched with those without HCC; and the future HCC cohort, in which patients were followed for 2 years and divided into future HCC versus no HCC after age, sex, and MELD-score matching and other complications were also recorded. Microbiota composition and predicted function were analyzed with ribosomal RNA sequencing and Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PiCRUST)and compared between (1) prior HCC versus none and (2) future HCC versus none, and in the future cohort, comparisons were also made between those patients who developed (1) HCC only versus without complications, (2) HCC only versus non-HCC complications only, and (3) HCC + other complications versus non-HCC complications only. A total of 142 men (76 total in the prior cohort [38 with/38 without HCC] and 66 total in the future cohort [33 with/33 without future HCC]) were included. The groups had similar etiology, lactulose/rifaximin/proton pump inhibitor use, diabetes mellitus, and non-HCC complications. Microbial diversity was similar between prior HCC/not or future HCC/not. On DESeq2 higher Clostridium sensu stricto and Anaerotruncus were significantly associated with protection from HCC, whereas the reverse was seen with Raoultella and Haemophilus regardless of prior/future HCC comparisons. Functions focused on urea cycle, bioenergetics, tryptophan, and toluene metabolism were different between the groups. Rothia was specific for other complications. Despite age, sex, and MELD-score matching and accounting for other complications, gut microbiota composition and the predicted function are different in men with cirrhosis with and without prior HCC and can be extended toward future HCC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somaya Albhaisi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | | | - Andrew Fagan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University and Central Virginia Healthcare System, Richmond, VA
| | - Sara McGeorge
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University and Central Virginia Healthcare System, Richmond, VA
| | | | - Edith Gavis
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University and Central Virginia Healthcare System, Richmond, VA
| | - Samarth Patel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University and Central Virginia Healthcare System, Richmond, VA
| | - Brian C Davis
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University and Central Virginia Healthcare System, Richmond, VA
| | - Chathur Acharya
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University and Central Virginia Healthcare System, Richmond, VA
| | - Richard K Sterling
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University and Central Virginia Healthcare System, Richmond, VA
| | - Scott Matherly
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University and Central Virginia Healthcare System, Richmond, VA
| | - Michael Fuchs
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University and Central Virginia Healthcare System, Richmond, VA
| | | | - Jasmohan S Bajaj
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University and Central Virginia Healthcare System, Richmond, VA
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Wasti S, Sah N, Singh AK, Lee CN, Jha R, Mishra B. Dietary supplementation of dried plum: a novel strategy to mitigate heat stress in broiler chickens. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2021; 12:58. [PMID: 33781340 PMCID: PMC8008564 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-021-00571-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Heat stress is a significant problem in the poultry industry, causing a severe economic loss due to its detrimental effects on chickens’ health and performance. Dried plum (DP) is a good source of minerals, vitamins, antioxidants, and phenolic compounds. Studies have suggested that DP has several health benefits, such as maintaining the body’s redox system, immune status, and calcium hemostasis. Based on the health benefits of DP, we hypothesized that the dietary supplementation of DP would alleviate the detrimental effects of heat stress on broiler chickens. Results To test the hypothesis, day-old broiler chicks (n = 72) were randomly allocated to three treatment groups (n = 24/group): no heat stress (NHS), heat stress (HS), and heat stress with dried plum (HS + DP), and reared under standard conditions. The inclusion of 2.5% DP in the feed of the HS + DP group was made during the treatment period, while birds in other groups were provided with a standard finisher diet. After 21 days, birds in the HS and HS + DP groups were exposed to cyclic heat stress conditions (33 °C for 8 h during daytime) for 3 weeks, while those in the NHS group were reared under normal conditions (22–24 °C). Weekly body weight and feed intake were recorded to calculate the average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR). Heat stress significantly decreased the final body weight, ADG, ADFI, and increased FCR compared to the NHS group, whereas dietary supplementation of DP significantly improved these growth performance parameters compared to the HS group. Furthermore, supplementation of DP significantly increased the expression of heat shock protein-related genes (HSF1, HSF3, HSP70, and HSP90), antioxidant-related genes (SOD1, SOD2, GPX1, GPX3, PRDX1, and TXN), tight junction-related genes (CLDN1, and OCLN), and immune-related genes (IL4, MUC2) in the ileum as compared to the HS group. The microbiota analysis showed significant enrichment of Bacillales, Christensenellaceae, Bacillaceae, Peptostreptococcaceae, and Anaerotruncus in heat-stressed birds supplemented with DP as compared to the HS group. Further, DP supplementation also significantly increased the concentration of acetate, propionate, and total VFA in the cecal digesta of the HS + DP group as compared to the HS group. Conclusion These findings suggest that DP supplementation effectively improved the growth performances and gut health parameters in the heat-stressed birds. Thus, dried plum can be a potential feed supplement to mitigate heat stress in broiler chickens. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40104-021-00571-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Wasti
- Department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Nirvay Sah
- Department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Amit K Singh
- Department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Chin N Lee
- Department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Rajesh Jha
- Department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Birendra Mishra
- Department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA.
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